Datasets:

PleIAs

/

common_corpus

like 231

Follow

PleIAs 296

19061215_00000.txt_2

Spanish-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

None

None

Spanish

Spoken

España en el extranjero haya personas de cogo de secretario de esta LTniversidad. E n el Congreso h a continuado esta tarde el Convocando á los opositores á las Escuelas nocimientos comerciales y pregunta la verdad de la versión publicada esta m a ñ a n a por EZ debate iniciado ayer por el Sr, Silió acerca de de niños, vacantes en este distrito. Distrito universitario de Valladplid.—Con- Liberal respecto á los telegramas cambiados la propaganda anarquista en las escuelas laientre el representante de España en el N'ati- cas. vocando á los opositores á Escuelas elementaHizo uso de la palabra el Sr. Lerroux para cano y el Sr. León y Castillo. les de niños, vacantes en este distrito. manifestar que en el fondo está conforme con Administración municipal.—Alcaidía consp]l ministro de Estado dice que existen en titucional de Béjar.—Vacante de la plaza de algunas legaciones los agregados comerciales, las doctrinas del diputado conservador, considerando un absurdo esas enseñanzas antipamédico titular del primer distrito de esta c i u y expresa su opinión conforme con el Marqués trióticas, y con este motivo hizo varios párradad. de Corvera. fos m u y sentidos tratando de la patria y de Ayuntamiento eonstitucional de Puebla Refiriéndose á la noticia, dice que en su malos deberes que para con la m i s m a tienen tojunto á C o r i a. - E d i c t o en averiguación del yor parte es cierta. dos los ciudadanos. «aradeio «leí mozo Manuel Romero García. Hace la historia de esta cuestión, manifes1 El discurso del diputado republicano h a tando que cuando recibió el Sr. León y Castif sido oído con gusto. El Sr. Silió rectificó b r e llo el telegrama del Sr. Ojeda ya había salido • vemente, y quedó suspendido el debate hasta de París el Nuncio, y que dadas las buenas el lunes, para cuyo día h a n pedido la palabra relaciones que nos u n e p con el Vaticano c o n los Sres. Soriano y Nocedak Barcelona 14. sidera natural el requerimiento hecho por el 5 Después se entró en la orden del día, conSr. Ojeda. Organizado \iox la J u v e n t u d federal, mañasumiendo el Sr. Muro el tercer t u r n o contra Niega la posibilidad de u n enfriamiento de 4ia celebrará la Liga del segundo distrito u n el Protocolo de Algeciras. relaciones con Francia, a u n cuando se hubiem i t i n revolucionario y antisolidario. i Presupuesto»). H a l l a r á n , entre otros, los Sres. Serrano, ra verificado el hecho, ni con el Vaticano por ' Se reunió esta tarde la comisión general, y no haberse hecho á causa del gran amor que Clavero y Morro. siempre h a demostrado el Papa hacia el pueblo el resultado de la misma h a sido el siguiente; — Los republicanos radicales h a n telegraSe aprobaron los proyectos de cédulas y pev hacia sus Gobiernos. nado al Sr. J u n o y pidiéndole gestione que en tróleos, y empezó la discusión del proyecto de Rectifica el marqués de Corvera insistiendo el proyecto de amnistía se incluya el caso de alcoholes. en sus anteriores puntos de vista. D. José Naicens. - Varias señoras de San Baudilio de Liobregat han telegrafiado á la duquesa de Bailen adhiriéndose á la protesta contra la lej de asociaciones. Algunos electores del distrito de Berga pedirán también á su diputado Sr. Pons y Henrich que se oponga al triunfo del mismo p r o yecto del Gobierno. El Sr. Bergamín iugi.stió en que se separar a n ciertas leyes especiales del presupuesto de ingresos, y el Sr. Cobián insistió en que esto no podía hacerse sino cuando el ministro se convenciera de que la mayoría lo abandonaba en sus propó-íitos. Insistió de nuevo el Sr. Bsrgamíno y el señor Requejo, reiteró cuáles son los propósitos del ministro y cuál la necesidad del Gobierno de dar satisfacción á las solicitudes de que se resuelva de u n a vez u n problema de tanta trascendencia como el de alcoholes, y pidió que se dictaminara con las firmas, en contra de los que no lo consideran así procedente. El Sr. La Viesca manifestó que no comprendía por qué no se dictaminaban todos los proyectos como el de consumos y sal; n o comprendiendo tampoco por qué se hace cuestión de Gobierno unos proyectos sí y otros n o. Continuaron discutiendo sobre dicho punto conservadores y liberales, y en votación se acordó empezar con el examen y discusión de la ley de alcoholes. Sobre este proyecto hubo también debate m u y empeñado, proponiendo los conservadores que nombrara u n a ponencia que estudiara el asuuto, á lo que se opuso el presidente por considerar que la subcomisión de Hacienda había ya dictaminado sobre este proyecto. i Por último, se acordó que u n empleado del Congreso diese lectura á las informaciones públicas, en cuya labor continuaban á las seis y media. La impresión general es que la Comisión no dictaminará en este proyecto. E l a c i a lie .4igcciras. Después del discurso del Sr. Muro h a i n t e r venido en el debate el Sr. Moret como presidente ¿ e la Comisión, pronunciado u n b r i llante discurso qara defender la política internacional del Gobierno. Lamentó que "con tanta ligereza se haya hablado por la prensa del Protocolo de Algeciras, haciendo creer á la opinión que estamos abocados á u n conflicto. Con la Conferencia de Algeciras, ha adquirido España u n puesto importante en la política europea, el cual conviene no perder. Por esta Conferencia se ha evitado que en el porvenir pueda n i n g u n a noción hacer una guerra de conquista, porque en conservar la soberanía del Sultán están interesadas todas las naciones europeas. \"a es hora también, ha dicho el Sr. Moret, que el Gobierno traiga á debate el tratado franco español, porque si bien es cierto que lo allí acordado ha sido nulo desde el momento que se firmó el acta de Algeciras, de todos m o dos conviene que el país conozca dicho tratado sobre el cual tanto se ha fantaseado. A última hora ha intervenido en e l debate el ministro de Estado, dividiendo su discurso en cuatro partes: 1." política de España antes de la conferencia; 2." I^abor de los comisionados españoles en Algeciras; 3.'' Misión conferida á Francia y España; y 4." Programa para el porvenir como consecuencia lógica del Protocolo. La CámaTa escucha con gran atención al ministro de Estado, porque en realidad su discurso resulta interesantísimo. * ••• » Nuestro compaiiero en la preasa D. líarique Artero, emprenderá muy en breve una notable campaña teatral, en unión del popular y lotivo empresario de teatros D. José Conde Trigueros, saliendo de ésta en siete soberbios automóviles, conduciendo á la compañía que actuará en las principales provincias. cSliírfiiiilim Fsrroaarriks andalucss, "SG de ü o t i e i n b r e al 2 d e n i e i e m b r e . PEBIODO DE EXPLOTACIÓN E n 1906: Brutos 427.471 >,ii5 Kfiométríoos a s s a l e s 2(>.">si M E n 1905: Brutos 384;^(r>,20 K i l o m é t r i c o s assaales 1S..');U ¡U Dlferenoia s o b r e 1906: Brutos e s más 4-2.')iU.7ti » ea menos » KiloH'jéírioos en m á s 2.i>li>,i)r> s 8n m e a o s » I n g r e s e s totales á p a r t i r d e s d e 1." d a E c a r o : E n 1906 18.61o.2'^),7» E n 1905. 19.328.448,97 M a d r i d 10 de D i c i e m b r e 1906.—El s e c r e t a r i o del Consejo dg AdmixíiBtraelSc. luis de Oiieysa, fl. .«?/>. Círculos políticos. LÍNEA R E G U L A R D E V A P O R E S e n t r e SsvlÜa, B ü b u o , Máísíra, O í d ' » y p a s i tos íistarmedios.—Dos salidsa 9eGaa«*t;f«< d * los pne.'to? c o m p r e n d i d o s e n t r e B u b a ; - 7 Marseiia.—Sírviíño gamanal SEtre PAH?*» G'Jóís y Gááit.—Trm (*a id««i s a m s o a í e * -i* í j d o s los p u e r t o s , ha-ita S«vi»!8. La c3i8pañía de Maderas, madrid (Argumosa 14, teléfono 184, Bilbao-Santander.) Tenerife 14.—Insisten los concejales en su intransigencia, no aceptando la presidencia de Schwartz y han telegrafiado á los diputados á Cortes que gestionen del ministro la suspensión del referido alcalde. Los íeiiientes de alcalde se negaron ayer á cooperar con el Sr. Sehwartz en el reparto del dinero entregado por el gobernador para los pobres. Están ultimándose los preparativos, para la pronta aparición de la «Enciclopedia Universal Ilustrada» (edición Espasa) que constituirá el verdadero aooiitecimimto del siglo. Muy en breve circularán con profesión riquísimos-albums, sin precedentes, deri'oehe de buen gusto y prodigalidad artística. Cttcherlto de Bilbao. El día 20 celebra su santo el simpático y valiente matador de toros Castor Ibarra «Gooherito de Bilbao». Este aplaudido diestro tiene contratada muchas corridas en las principales plazas de España y Mediodía de Francia durante la próxima temporada taurina. Actualmente se encuentra en sus posesiones de San Fernando del Jarama, en donde continuará todo lo que resta de invierno, hasta los primeros días de Marzo, en que volverá á dedicarse á su arriesgada profesión. Deseamos á «Cocherito» muchas felicidades y muchas más contratas de las que afortunadamente tiene ya escrituradas. Oréese que está contratado por el Sr. Niembro. Lo celebramos. Agua h i g i é n i c a p a r a t e ü i r el eabeSío y b a r b a , l a müjor, c o m p a e s t a 0 0 a qniu^, ¡¿"i o e r i r a y sor vegeta), ¿nofeíssiya, tóa;i;i'- « a n i t r a t o d e pUts; mU pesetas a l qtts» f^nvcí » lo c o n t r a r i o . E v i t a ¡as enfermadudtíJi d e » p i a l y vigoriza ei c r e o l m i e n t o d e ! p s í o , r.o m a a c h a la piel n i ía r o p a ; c o m o oferv» pnparadop; ú.sa8s con ia m a c o & eíp<:'?;jiV3.. P r e m i a d a en^ las ú l t i m a s ExposicioDtsa <i« P a r í s y E s p a ñ a . F r a s e o , 3,50 péselas. Da v e n t a parfomerfas, P t . r m a y o r e a &«»« á^l a u t o r M. M» ian. C a b a l l e r o d e Qraoío, 30 jr 32, e n t r e s u e l o , Madrid. Exportaeíóiu á p r o vincias. - • • ' • « aiti Espectáculos para mafiana. RE AL.—Función 10 del turno 2."—A las nneve.—La Bohemia. Segunda de abono de tarde.—El Profeta. ESPAÑOL.—A las nueve.—(Función popular á mitad de precios).—El flechazo y Añoranzas. Tarde, á las,"untro y media, las mismas. LARA.—A las ocho y media.-FrancíV.rt.— El rayo v e r d e. - E l niño prodigio. Tarde, á las cuatro y media.—El patio.—Bodas de p^ata. APOLO.—A las ocho y rae<iia.—La mala sombra.—El pollo Tejada.—1.a mala sombra.—IA fragua de Vulcano. Tarde, á las cuatro y media.—Loa sobrinos del capitán Grant. COMEDIA.—A las nueve.—El arreglo de la casa.—Corazonadas.—La pista. Imp. del F o m e n t o Naval, S a n B e m a r d c , ¡ ge 2Z5e :Ba,rceloanLa-- !áíB MATEO ALEMÁN liada buenos. Aconteceráles la que á i a ceui/.a, <jue hüceu d d l a el jabón con que se lim[>iaii •en otra parto las mancha?, y luego ]a echan al jnulad.ir. Con .-u f ¡emplo cpcarmentaran otros que se .salven, y cilos irán á las carljoneras del iiifií-r. 110. Ya son estas verdades, ya se h a llegado el tiempo para decirlas, y si mentí en m i Juvent u d con la lozanía della, las experiencias me dicen, con la senectud conozco la falta que me hic:-. Y nadie se atreva n i píense que le .sucederá lo que á raí, vi-la larga, y confiados * n ell-is «o descuiden con la enmienda, deján-doio p:u-a después de muy maduros, que v e n a r á u n solano que los lleve verdes. Nunca yo la tuve cierta n i á los más está .seaurft, que somos como las aves del cortijo, lle'ga el ágila y lleva la que le parece, 6 el dueñ o las va entresacando como se le antoja. N i n g u n a tiene hora suya, unas van tras otras; YO también he ido tras de m i i^ensamiento, siu pensar parar en el m u n d o : mas como el fin que llevo es fabricar u n hombre perfecto, siempre que hallo piedras para el edificio, las voy amontonando. Son m i centro aquestas ocasiones, y camino con ellas á él. Quédase íiquí esta carga, que sí alcanzare al tiemiw yo volveré por ella, y no será tarde. Vuelvo pues y digo que todo yo era mentira • soisxo .siempre! Quise ser para con algunos GUZMAN DE A L F A R A O H H 623 632 MATKO ALEMÁN GÜZMAN DE ALFARAOHE 025 mártir, ^ o n otros confesor, que uo todo 80 puedo ni debe comunicar con todos: así nunca tiuise hacer plaza de mis trabajos n i pubiicarios con puntualiikd; á unos decía u n o , y á otros 'otro, y á n i n g u n o sin su comento. Y como al mentiroso le sea tan importante la memoria, hoy lo contaba de una manera y m a ñ a n a de otra diferente, todo trocado de como antes lo había dicho. Di lugar á qu^i conociéndome por mentiroso no nu diesen crédito, dándole á la voz general; porque realmente todos convenían en el hecho, aunque <piiíab:in y ponían como á .cad;x uno .se ie a n tojaba y tú'sueles hacerlo. Ya como novedad, por aquellos día.s uo se trataba otra cosa en toda Roma: mi yerro era fu. cuento, y m i suciedod la salsa de las con versaciones. Ya mi amo lo sabía, mas como prudente sentía y callaba, que no siempre se h a de dar el señor por entendido de todo, que sería ol>lignrse, á ley de bueno, al remedio de todo. Disimulaba, mas no tanto, que por entre algunas entrerisitas y mirar de ojos no .se lo conociese. Araba conmigo que no perdía surco; y como estaba bien á él disimular, tamlúén á mi el negar; callábainos todos, cm^XTO lu) pudo .ser sin que dejase de romper el di:in]o sus zapatos. No faltó u n amigo suyo y [:>or el consiguiente m i enemigo, que cogiéndole á la comida, me subí tras los jxiges hasta la mesa del embajador m i señor. Guando allí me hallé igual á los gentileshombres, con capa y espada, conocí m i necedad, quiselo remediar con salir de la pieza, mas fué tarde, porque ya m i amo en el semblante me había conocido lo que llevaba; preguntómelo, y hallándome sin menudas, que no había trocado, m a l provenido de mentiras, dígele toda la verdad sin pensar n i queraria decir. Y fué la primera que salió sin agua de m i taberna. Mi orno cayó, más los criados no pudiendo sufrir la risa, unos cubrían el rostro coa las medias fuentes, trincheros y salvillas que tenían en las manos, otros que las tenúm vacías cubriéndose la boca con ellas y reventándoles en ei cuerpo, se s;ilioron de la sala; tanto se descompusieron que monsieur se a m o h i n ó , y riñéndoles á todos con palabras nunca del usadas reprendió el atrevimiento en su presencia; quedé tan avergonzado, tan otro yo por entonces, t a n diferente de lo gue antes era cual si supiera de casos de honra ó si tuviera rastro della. ¡O cuántas cosas castiga u n rigor á donde no pudo hablar el amor! ¡Cuánto í m p o r t í m u eha.s veces dar u n a notable caída para mir.-ir otras donde se ponen los pies y como so pasan! Entonces vi m i fealdad, en aquel tí3[íejo me ]jor horas notificación de la sentencia, el riñon, la hijada, la orina; el estómago se d e b i lita, enflaquece la virtud, el calor natural falta, la muela se cae, duelen las encías, que t o do esto es caer terrones y podrirse las mader.-w de los techos; y no puntales que tengan la jwred, que falta toda desde el cimiento y se viene al suelo la casa Atieveos pues á u n mozo, mo ceto, atrevido y descomedido: representadle que uo sabe quién lo quiere mal, que porípie habló, jwrque miró, porque se alabó, p i r q u e ].)or ventura pasó, sino entró á donde no di-bicra, lo coserán á puñaladas, y no tendrá lugar lugar de recebií sacramentos n i de llamar á Dios que le valga; ó que considere que la sangre se corromjx?, los humores a b u n d a n , «pie anda desordenado, come dom,a8iado, hace JXKXJ ejercicio, que le dará u n a apoplegia ó c u a l quiera otra enfermedad que lo acabe, pues «tan presto se va el cordero como el carnero». Qu« no p¡en.«e por verse fuerte de brazos, tieso de pie y pierna, lobusto de cuerpo y sano de cabezfi, que aquello es fijo y tiene cierta la e.^taInlidad. é^ de EüCIEGO CAliflVñ) Antiguas especialidades úioroso: Vres cortados Jerez crista/: Jyíarca Xadíes QhianH blanco español Qognac jerezano g Vermouf/i champagne ^'Sania ^lena** Pídanse sn todos los hoteles y restaurants, DEPÓSITOS EN MADRID: Papelería High Life, Carrera de San Jerónimo, 14. D. J. Fecastaing, calle del Príncipe, 13. D. Adriano Alvarez,'calle del Barquillo, 3 D. Carlos Prast.JArenal, 8, «Las Colonias». D. Jaime RipoU, Puerta del Sol, S, «La MaIlorquin3=> D. Gabriel Levis, Fuencarral, núJXiero 6. D. Antonio Montalbán, Nicolás M." Rivero, nüm, 12 (antes Cedaceros), Bodega Montalbán. GRAN NOVEOAD! P r o d u c t o s p a t e n t a d o s excl&is¡wos|de e s t a c a s a. WHISKY OUIISAOO.-.POIICIÍE a U i ü & D O . - C H M t l P A G I I E jaUlilA J Veiasoo, Atocha, 25, segundo. Oé ©andona, Raimundo r.u io, 2. J^viso muy imporfanie á lo$ consumidores Fíjense m u y especialmente en nuestra MARCA CONCEDIDA ijMíiltííil^í^^ SERVICIOS DE LA COMPAÑÍA TRASATLAfíIC LÍNEA DE CUBA Y MÉJICO.—El día 17 de Diciembre saldrá de Bilbao, el 20 de Santander y el 21 de Coniña: , el vapor «Alfonso XIII», directamente para Habana y Veracruz. Admite pasaje y carga para Costaürine y Pacíflco con trasbordo en Habana al vapor de la línea de Venezuela-Colombia. Combinaciones para el litoral át Cuba é Isla de Santo Domingo, LÍNEA DE NEW-YORK, CUBA Y MÉJICO.—El día 26 d e Diciembre saldrá de Barcelona, el 28 de Málaga y el 3C de Cádiz, el vapor «M. Calvo>, directamente para New-York, Habana y Veracruz. Combinaciones para distintos pantos de los Estados Unidos, litorales de Cuba ó Isla de Santo Domingo. También admite pasaie parí Puerto Plata, con trasbordo en Habana. LÍNEA DE VENEZUELA-COLOMBIA. - E l 11 de Diciembre saldrá de Barcelona, el 13 de Málaga y el 15 de Cádíj!, el vapor «Buenos Aires», directamente para Las Palmas, Santa Cruz de Tenerife, Santa Cruz de la Palma Puerto Rico, Habana, Puerto Limón, Colón de donde salen los vapores el 12 de cada mes para Sabanilla, Curagao, Puerto Cabello y La Guayra, etc. Se admite pasaje y carga para Veracruz con trasbordo en Habana. Combina p o r el ferrocarril de Panamá con las compañías de navegación del Pacífico, para cuyos puertos admite pasaje y carga con billetes y conocimientos directos. Combinación para el litoral de Cuba y Puerto Rico. Se admits pasaje para Puerto Plata, con tra;;boríio en Puerto Rico, y para Santo Domingo y San Pedro de Macorís, COB trasbordo en Habana. Tambié.u carga p<íra Maracaibo, Carúpano, Coro y Cunamá con trasbordo en Puerto Cabello y para Trinidad con trasbordo en Curasao. LÍNEA DE FHilPINAS—El día 8 de Diciembre saldrá.de B.arceIona, habiendo hecho las escalas intermedias e' vapor «Isla de Luzóu», directamente para Genova, Port-Said, Su3Z, Colombo, Singapore y Manila, sirviendo poí trasbordo los puertos de la Costa Oriental de África, de la India, Java, Sumatra, China, Japón y Australia. LÍNEA DE BUENOS AIRES.—El día 3 de Diciembre «aldrá de Barcelona, el 5 de Málaga y el 7 de Cádiz el vapoj «León XIII», directamente para Santa CITIZ de Tenerife, Montevideo y Buenos Aires. LÍNEA DE CANARIAS.--El dia 17 saldrá de Barcelona, el 18 do Valencia, e! 19 de Alicante y el 22 de Cádi'i. vapor «M. L. Villaverde>, directamente para Tánger, Casablanca, Mazagán, Las Palmas, Santa Cruz de Tenerife y Santa Cruz de la Palma, con rotorno á Banta Cruz de Tenerife para emprender el viajo de regreso haciendo las escalas de Las Palmas, Cádis!, Alicante. Valencia y Bai'celona LINEA DE FERNANDO FÓO.—El día 25 de Diciembre saldrá de Barcelona y ei 30 de Cádiz, el vapor «Sar. Francisco», para Fernando Póo, con escala en Casablanca, Mazagán j otros puertos de la Costa occidental üe África y Golfo de Guinea, LiNEA DE T A N G E R. - S a l i d a s de Cádiz: Lunes, Miércoles y Viernes. Salidas de Tánger: Martes, Jueves y Sábados, Eato» vapores admiten carge on la» condieioaei más favorable», y pauajeroe, é. quisne* la Compañ!» da alojamiento nicy ct modo y trato eamenido, como ha acreditado en «n dllatade aervieio. Rebaja» á femüias. Precios convoncionale» por carna.'^otea de lujo. Bebajaa por passijea de ida y vnolta. También ^c admito carga y te es.pidcu pesajcB para todns los puertos ás? mundo seividoi por líness rogidaree. La empresa puede aeegurjir las mercancfa.s que se embarquen en eus baques. A T I S 0 8 tVÜPOMTAK'S'Mm: Eae&sJaR e » KOB fteteis á * « x i s o a - í a c i é a. — L a Compaüia hace rebaja» do 80 por !0Í: en los fletes de determinados srtícnioB, con arreg-lo á lo esiableoido en la Real orden del Minie-torio de Agrionltur», Indastrf» y Comercio y Obras Púbiioas de 14 de Abril de 1904,;pnblic»da en la Gaceta del 22 del mismo mes. 8 e r T l « l o s eomesreJsICB.—La sooción quo de e*tof servicios tiene establecida la Compañía »o encarga de tía bajar en Uitnunar los mnoatrarjo» que lo sean entiegado» y do le oulooaojoii de los artíonlos cuya vente, como cnsayo.desea hacer i^.' exportadores E mtm DiploMias de Honor y m e d a l l a s de Oro en todas l a s Exposiciones. flaoíendaa: San Aatoalo, SantA Isabel, San Rafael, San Liols j lia C^neepctónFÁBRICA: I Í A f I / O R B13 I^A ISAB1JI.A P p o p i e t a p i a d « ists ^ a r e & s JVSes C. lotporialai,,,, ,, Asslo*.... SKfM!>cionalo« B<a%»l'A Antonio Lópea. '^ftll-J)lA«.,,. , jB«g«ii« filijfiíui. DHUdoiea imperialos.. ihix»dorea Orientii ( « ,. , ltle7M impeeiníen M«á « regalia,, , 25 25 25 50 5U 50 25 50 50 50 60 ceo 0'55 0-50 O'áO 0'35 0'35 0*40 0'35 Ü'30 O'SO 0'26 1225 ai 17 10 17'óO 14 15 12'50 n Exquisito! Princoeas. Conchas..... .. OlemecteB SogUEdo habano, Tercero habano. Quinto habano., SegTiudü cortado, Toicero cortado.. Soñorita» 6 50 100 100 500 50G 500 .500 500 200 12*50 9'50 20 15 60 60 30 60 50 10 CL'i; MATEO ALEMÁN GUZMAN DE ALFARAOIIE 631 630 MATEO A1.ÍUMÁW ÜÜ2MAX DE ALFARACHB 627 no hay trabajos, no hay oiiferiaedal ni liega la vojez. ¡ Ah, loco, loco! Pues á fé que Sansón, iJavid, Salomón y Lázaro eran mejores, d i s creto-, valientes, galanes y ricos que tú y se murieron, que llegó su día. Y de Adán á ti h a n pasado machos, y ninguno dellos ha qucpado en el siglo vivo. Quien les dijese aquesta verdíid, y «.u(^ si otra cosa pienpa, que ROO tonto.s. sijigaselo \'argrt!^". Atrévase á ello u n desesperado, por menos cjue eso darán queja criminal de vos, n o hay hurlarse con poderosos n i decirle.-^ verdades. No me corre obligación de decirlas donde n o h a n de Ker bien admitidas, y h a de resultarm e notorio daños dellas: baste para m i entend e r , y acá para los de m i tamaño, saber que todo miente, y que todos nos mentimos: m i l veces quisiera decir esto y n o sratar de otra cosa, porque solo entender esta verdad es lo ^ u e nos importa. Que iios prometemos lo que n o tenemos n i podemos cumplir. E l que se tiene jKir más valiente, sano, de humores m á s concentrados y bien mezclados, ese no tiene p u n t o de seguridad, y está m á s presto para oaer. No hay fuerzas t a n robustas que resistan u n soplo de enfermedad, somos unos m o n t o n e s d e jíolvo; JMOO viento basta para dejarnos l l a nos con la tierra. Nadie se adule, n i n g u n o dimiento, que casi me obligaron á hacer u u i chos disparates. Dijo bien el que p r e g u n t á n dole que en cuánto tiempo se podría volver u n cuerdo loco, respondió según le dieren priesa los muchachos. Y aquí me llega el agua sobre la boca, vine anegado y renegado en mis sufrimientos, quisiera tirar piedras, m á s fuéronme á la m a n o , u n mocito de m i talle, traza y edad, bien compuesto, pero m a l sufrido, perqué tomando contra todo el común m i defensa, favorecido de otros dos ó tres amigos que con él venían, resistieron con obras y p-ilabra's ásperas á los que m e perseguían. Y sosegándolos á ellos y reportándome á m í , me llovó solo mano á mano á m i posada, dejándose allí á los compañeros deteniendo á la gente. Lueg® que á mi casa llegamos, lo tiuisiera detener para hacerle algún regalo, empero no lo admitió, Supliqué me digese su posada y nombre, negómelo todo, prometiéndome voÍverme á visitar. Solo me dijo que me tenía particular afición, así por mi persona, como por ser español de su nación, que como tal sentía mis desgracias, y con esto nos despedimos. Yo llegué tan robada de color, tan e n cendidos los ojos, tan alborotado el entendimiento, que sin consideración, viendo servir solas le dijo cuánto importaba para su calidad y crédito despedirme, por la publicidad con que se hablaba d e sus cosas, y que cada cual .sentía dellas como quería. Que los caballeros de su profesión y ollcio debían proceder según lo que representaban; porque de lo contrario resultaría en perjuicio de la reputación do su dueño. Este discurso es mío, que si no pasaron e s tas palabras formales, á lo menos creo serían otras equivalentes á ellas. Mas cualesquiera que fuesen, yo se que ninguna le pudieron decir que n o le fuesen á él mu}' sabidas, y sin duda lo pesaría de que se las dijesen; más p a labras n o m e dijo por entonces n i conmigo hizo demostración alguna que diferenciase más de lo de siempre. Solo que como ya era entrada de cuaresma, tomóla por achaque para recogerse y no tratar de cosas de mujeres. Desta manera corríamos, mas con las demasías do lo que me pasaba por las calles, tomaron e n casa los criados más licencia de la que convenía por chacota y entretenimiento; empero e n t r e burlas y veras me díiban cordelejos, que no aprietan los cordeles en el tormento tanto; de manera que ya no tenía parte segura ni pared á donde a r r i m a r m e , de donde n o saliese u n eco que m e confesase los pecados. U n d í a yendo por u n a calle m e vi t a n apurado de p a ciencia por todas partes, t a n agostado el enten- forme de sí lo que no es ni lo que su sensualidad mentirosa le dice. Diráte lo que á todos. Poderoso eres, haz lo que quisieres. G;'lán eres, pasea y huélgate. Hermoso y rico ere,--, haz d i soluciones. Nobleza tienes, despecia á los otros, y n i n g u n o .se te atreva. Injuriado está-, no se la perdones. Regidor eres, rige tu j^.egocio. pese á quien pesare, y \enga lo que viniere. Juez eres, juzga por tu amigo y tropéllese todo. Favor tienc^, gástalo en t u gusto, d á n dole al pobre h u m o á narices, que no conviene á tu reputación, á tu oficio, á íu dignidad n i á t u honra que^te pide lo que le dehen n i l a capa que le quitaste. Pues á te, .señores m í o s , ya sean quien quisieran ser y piensan <,íue s o n , ^ que no son los que piensan; y el mejor c u a n do m u y bueno es, es u n poco de polvo. E - c o jan de cual polvo quieren ser, si de tierra ó de ceniza, porque no hay otro; y si de tierra traigan á la memoria que cuando su principio fué lodo, porque se amasó con agua, y fué lo m i s .mo que decirles que fertilizasen para el cielo» conociéndose á sí mismos.

https://github.com/rzabini/spotless-changelog/blob/master/spotless-changelog-lib/src/test/java/com/diffplug/spotless/changelog/ChangelogTest.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

spotless-changelog

rzabini

Java

Code

/* * Copyright (C) 2019-2020 DiffPlug * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * https://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package com.diffplug.spotless.changelog; import com.diffplug.common.base.Preconditions; import java.io.IOException; import java.util.function.Consumer; import java.util.function.Function; import org.assertj.core.api.Assertions; import org.junit.Test; import pl.tlinkowski.annotation.basic.NullOr; public class ChangelogTest { @Test public void empty() { Consumer<String> test = str -> { test(str) .errors("{-1=Needs to have '## [Unreleased]'}") .last(null); }; test.accept(""); test.accept("\n"); test.accept("\n\n"); test.accept("\n\n\n"); } @Test public void unreleased() throws IOException { test("## [Unreleased]") .errors("{1=Needs a newline directly before '## [Unreleased]'}") .last(null); test("\n\n ## [Unreleased]") .errors("{3=Needs a newline directly before '## [Unreleased]'}") .last(null); Function<String, ChangelogAssertions> test = str -> test(str).errors("{}").last(null); test.apply("\n## [Unreleased]").unreleasedChanges(""); test.apply("First line\n## [Unreleased]").unreleasedChanges(""); test.apply("First line\n## [Unreleased]\nLast line").unreleasedChanges("\nLast line"); test.apply("First line\n## [Unreleased] with stuff after\nLast line").unreleasedChanges("\nLast line"); test.apply("First line\n## [Unreleased] with stuff after\nLast line\n").unreleasedChanges("\nLast line\n"); } @Test public void releasedOne() throws IOException { test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [").last(null) .errors("{3='] - ' is missing from the expected '## [x.y.z] - yyyy-mm-dd'}"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z").last(null) .errors("{3='] - ' is missing from the expected '## [x.y.z] - yyyy-mm-dd'}"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z] -").last(null) .errors("{3='] - ' is missing from the expected '## [x.y.z] - yyyy-mm-dd'}"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z] - ").last(null) .errors("{3='yyyy-mm-dd' is missing from the expected '## [x.y.z] - yyyy-mm-dd'}"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a23").last(null) .errors("{3='yyyy-mm-dd' is missing from the expected '## [x.y.z] - yyyy-mm-dd'}"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78").last("x.y.z") .errors("{}"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78a").last(null) .errors("{3=If you want to put stuff after 'yyyy-mm-dd', you need to separate it with a space}"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78 moreStuff").last("x.y.z").errors("{}").unreleasedChanges(""); test("\n## [Unreleased]\nOnething\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78 moreStuff").last("x.y.z").errors("{}").unreleasedChanges("\nOnething"); } @Test public void afterRelease() throws IOException { test("\n## [Unreleased]\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased]\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78"); test("\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n-CONTENT\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased]\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30\n-CONTENT\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78"); test("\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n-CONTENT\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30\n-CONTENT\n## [x.y.z] - 1234a56b78"); test("\n## [Unreleased]\n-CONTENT\n").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased]\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30\n-CONTENT\n"); test("\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n-CONTENT\n").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30\n-CONTENT\n"); test("\n## [Unreleased]").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased]\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30"); test("\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n-CONTENT\n").afterRelease( "\n## [Unreleased] moreStuff\n\n## [1.0.0] - 2020-12-30\n-CONTENT\n"); } static class ChangelogAssertions { Changelog unix, win; ChangelogAssertions(String contentUnix) { Preconditions.checkArgument(contentUnix.indexOf("\r\n") == -1); this.unix = new Changelog(contentUnix); Assertions.assertThat(unix.toString()).isEqualTo(contentUnix); String contentWin = contentUnix.replace("\n", "\r\n"); this.win = new Changelog(contentWin); Assertions.assertThat(win.toString()).isEqualTo(contentWin); } ChangelogAssertions errors(String errors) { Assertions.assertThat(unix.errors().toString()).isEqualTo(errors); Assertions.assertThat(win.errors().toString()).isEqualTo(errors); return this; } ChangelogAssertions last(@NullOr String version) { Assertions.assertThat(unix.versionLast()).isEqualTo(version); Assertions.assertThat(win.versionLast()).isEqualTo(version); return this; } ChangelogAssertions unreleasedChanges(String unreleased) { Assertions.assertThat(unix.unreleasedChanges()).isEqualTo(unreleased); Assertions.assertThat(win.unreleasedChanges()).isEqualTo(unreleased); return this; } ChangelogAssertions afterRelease(String afterRelease) { errors("{}"); String VERSION = "1.0.0"; String DATE = "2020-12-30"; String unreleased = unix.releaseUnreleased(VERSION, DATE).toString(); Assertions.assertThat(unreleased).isEqualTo(afterRelease); Assertions.assertThat(win.releaseUnreleased(VERSION, DATE).toString()).isEqualTo(unreleased.replace("\n", "\r\n")); return this; } } private ChangelogAssertions test(String content) { return new ChangelogAssertions(content); } }

https://github.com/Lchangliang/incubator-doris/blob/master/fe/fe-core/src/main/java/org/apache/doris/planner/ProjectPlanner.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

incubator-doris

Lchangliang

Java

Code

// Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one // or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file // distributed with this work for additional information // regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file // to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the // "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance // with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at // // http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 // // Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, // software distributed under the License is distributed on an // "AS IS" BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY // KIND, either express or implied. See the License for the // specific language governing permissions and limitations // under the License. package org.apache.doris.planner; import org.apache.doris.analysis.Analyzer; import org.apache.doris.analysis.Expr; import org.apache.doris.analysis.SlotId; import org.apache.doris.common.NotImplementedException; import com.google.common.collect.Lists; import com.google.common.collect.Sets; import org.apache.logging.log4j.LogManager; import org.apache.logging.log4j.Logger; import java.util.List; import java.util.Set; public class ProjectPlanner { private static final Logger LOG = LogManager.getLogger(PlanNode.class); private final Analyzer analyzer; public ProjectPlanner(Analyzer analyzer) { this.analyzer = analyzer; } public void projectSingleNodePlan(List<Expr> resultExprs, PlanNode root) { Set<SlotId> resultSlotIds = getSlotIds(resultExprs, root); projectPlanNode(resultSlotIds, root); } public void projectPlanNode(Set<SlotId> outputSlotIds, PlanNode planNode) { try { planNode.initOutputSlotIds(outputSlotIds, analyzer); } catch (NotImplementedException e) { LOG.debug(e); } if (planNode.getChildren().size() == 0) { return; } Set<SlotId> inputSlotIds = null; try { inputSlotIds = planNode.computeInputSlotIds(); } catch (NotImplementedException e) { LOG.debug(e); } for (PlanNode child : planNode.getChildren()) { projectPlanNode(inputSlotIds, child); } } private Set<SlotId> getSlotIds(List<Expr> resultExprs, PlanNode root) { List<Expr> resExprs = Expr.substituteList(resultExprs, root.getOutputSmap(), analyzer, false); Set<SlotId> result = Sets.newHashSet(); for (Expr expr : resExprs) { List<SlotId> slotIdList = Lists.newArrayList(); expr.getIds(null, slotIdList); result.addAll(slotIdList); } return result; } }

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49762547

Wikidata

Semantic data

CC0

Category:Icefalls of the Ross Dependency

None

Multilingual

Semantic data

Category:Icefalls of the Ross Dependency Wikimedia category Category:Icefalls of the Ross Dependency instance of Wikimedia category

00141221-2024_2

TEDEUTenders

Open Government

Various open data

None

None

Romanian

Spoken

/ 100 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 4000 2,000.00 8,000.00 200 400 400.00 800.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0135 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 135 135 FUROSEMIDUM COMPR. COMPR. / 40 MG Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1200 4800 288.00 1,152.00 60 120 14.40 28.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0136 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 136 136 GABAPENTINUM CAPS/COMPR CAPS/COMPR / 600mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1800 6000 3,312.00 11,040.00 60 300 110.40 552.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0137 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 137 137 GEL ORAL PENTRU MUCOZITA CU PVP, HIDROXIETILCELULOZA SI HIALURONAT DE SODIU PLICURI GEL ORAL / PLICURI * 15 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 2100 4200 16,800.00 33,600.00 210 420 1,680.00 3,360.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0138 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 138 138 GENTAMICINUM F SOL. INJ. / 40 mg/ml x 1 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 4000 8000 2,320.00 4,640.00 100 500 58.00 290.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0139 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 139 139 GLUCOSUM FLACON SAU PUNGA SOL. PERF. / 20 % 500 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 10000 3,810.00 38,100.00 100 300 381.00 1,143.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0140 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 140 140 GLUCOSUM F. SOL. INJ. / 3.3 g/10 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 200 2000 430.00 4,300.00 20 50 43.00 107.50 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0141 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 141 141 HALOPERIDOLUM FL. PIC. ORALE, SOL. / 2mg/ml*10ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 800 546.00 4,368.00 10 30 54.60 163.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0142 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 142 142 HEPARINUM FIOLE SOL. INJ. / 5000 UI / ML * 1 ML Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 500 6000 1,755.00 21,060.00 100 200 351.00 702.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0143 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 143 143 HEPARINUM FL. SOL. INJ. / 5000 UI / ML * 5 ML Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1500 6000 44,970.00 179,880.00 200 500 5,996.00 14,990.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0144 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 144 144 HYDROCORTISONUM FLACON 500 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 500 4000 9,405.00 75,240.00 50 200 940.50 3,762.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0145 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 145 145 IBUPROFENUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 200 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1200 6000 960.00 4,800.00 300 600 240.00 480.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0146 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 146 146 IMIPENEMUM+CILASTATATINUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. PERF. / 500mg/500mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30000 70000 975,300.00 2,275,700.00 100 2000 3,251.00 65,020.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0147 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 147 147 IMUNOGLOBULINA ANTI - LIMFOCITE (DE IEPURE) FL. CONC. PT. SOL. PERF. / 20 mg/ ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 300 130,697.00 392,091.00 10 30 13,069.70 39,209.10 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0148 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 148 148 IMUNOGLOBULINA ANTI-LIMFOCITE (DE CAL) FIOLE CONC. PT. SOL. PERF. / 50 mg/ ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 15 100 31,513.20 210,088.00 5 10 10,504.40 21,008.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0149 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 149 149 IMUNOGLOBULINA UMANA NORMALA FLACON SOL. INJ./165 mg/ ml x 6 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 500 3,993.50 199,675.00 1 5 399.35 1,996.75 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0150 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 150 150 IMUNOGLOBULINA UMANA NORMALA FLACON SOL. INJ./165 mg/ ml x 12 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 500 7,687.70 384,385.00 1 5 768.77 3,843.85 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0151 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 151 151 IMUNOGLOBULINA UMANA NORMALA FLACON SOL. INJ./165 mg/ ml x 24 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 500 15,075.40 753,770.00 1 5 1,507.54 7,537.70 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0152 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 152 152 IMUNOGLOBULINA UMANA NORMALA FLACON SOL. INJ./165 mg/ ml x 48 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 300 29,850.80 895,524.00 1 5 2,985.08 14,925.40 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0153 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 153 153 INDAPAMIDUM COMPR. COMPR. ELIB. PREL. / 1.5 MG Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 3000 117.00 1,170.00 30 90 11.70 35.10 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0154 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 154 154 INSULINE UMANE ADNR CARTUS SOL. INJ. / 100 ui/ml - 3 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 4000 17,830.00 71,320.00 200 400 3,566.00 7,132.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0155 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 155 155 IPRATROPII BROMIDUM AEROSOL AEROSOL / 20mcg/doza Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 200 103.50 2,070.00 1 5 10.35 51.75 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0156 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 156 156 ITRACONAZOLUM CAPS. CAPS. / 100 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 150 1500 255.00 2,550.00 15 30 25.50 51.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0157 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 157 157 KETOPROFENUM TUB GEL / 25mg/g - 50 g Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20 300 251.60 3,774.00 5 10 62.90 125.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0158 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 158 158 KETOPROFENUM CAPS/COMPR CAPS./COMPR. / 100 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 6000 20000 1,980.00 6,600.00 60 120 19.80 39.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0159 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 159 159 KETOROLACUM TROMETHAMIN F. SOL. INJ. / 30 mg/ ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 8000 15000 16,240.00 30,450.00 1000 3000 2,030.00 6,090.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0160 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 160 160 LEVOFLOXACINUM FL. SOL. PERF. / 5mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 4000 44,770.00 179,080.00 50 200 2,238.50 8,954.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0161 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 161 161 LEVOTHYROXINUM COMPR. COMPR. / 25 mcg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 600 18.00 36.00 100 200 6.00 12.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0162 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 162 162 LEVOTHYROXINUM COMPR. COMPR. / 50 mcg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 600 21.00 42.00 100 200 7.00 14.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0163 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 163 163 LEVOTHYROXINUM COMPR. COMPR. / 75 mcg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 600 30.00 60.00 100 200 10.00 20.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0164 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 164 164 LEVOTHYROXINUM COMPR. COMPR. / 100 mcg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 600 27.00 54.00 100 200 9.00 18.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0165 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 165 165 LEVOTHYROXINUM COMPR. COMPR. / 125 mcg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 600 39.00 78.00 100 200 13.00 26.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0166 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 166 166 LEVOTHYROXINUM COMPR. COMPR. / 150 mcg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 600 42.00 84.00 100 200 14.00 28.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0167 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 167 167 LEVOTHYROXINUM FLACON SOL. ORALA / 25 micrograme/ 5 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3 50 88.29 1,471.50 1 2 29.43 58.86 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0168 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 168 168 LEVOTHYROXINUM FLACON SOL. ORALA / 50 micrograme/ 5 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3 50 88.29 1,471.50 1 2 29.43 58.86 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0169 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 169 169 LEVOTHYROXINUM FLACON SOL. ORALA / 100 micrograme/ 5 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3 50 96.33 1,605.50 1 2 32.11 64.22 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0170 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 170 170 LIDOCAINUM PLIC RESIGILANT EMPLASTRU MEDICAMENTOS / 5% (700mg) Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 1000 3,633.00 12,110.00 30 60 363.30 726.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0171 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 171 171 LINEZOLIDUM FL. SOL. PERF. / 2mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 5000 124,740.00 623,700.00 50 200 6,237.00 24,948.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0172 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 172 172 LOPERAMIDUM FLACON SOLUTIE ORALA / 1mg/5ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 100 150.00 1,500.00 1 5 15.00 75.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0173 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 173 173 LORAZEPAMUM FIOLE SOL. INJ.4 mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 6000 60000 25,260.00 252,600.00 500 3000 2,105.00 12,630.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0174 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 174 174 MANNITOLUM FLACON SAU PUNGA SOL. PERF. / 200 g/l * 250 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 5000 40000 32,750.00 262,000.00 100 500 655.00 3,275.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0175 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 175 175 MANNITOLUM FLACON SAU PUNGA SOL. PERF. / 200 g/l * 500 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 5000 20000 46,550.00 186,200.00 50 200 465.50 1,862.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0176 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 176 176 MEROPENEMUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. INJ./PERF. / 500 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 2000 6000 83,940.00 251,820.00 100 500 4,197.00 20,985.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0177 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 177 177 MEROPENEMUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. INJ./PERF. / 1000 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 6000 15000 485,760.00 1,214,400.00 100 1000 8,096.00 80,960.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0178 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 178 178 METHADONUM COMPR. COMPR. / 2.5mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 150 500 60.00 200.00 50 100 20.00 40.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0179 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 179 179 METHADONUM COMPR. COMPR. / 10mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1000 80.00 800.00 20 40 16.00 32.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0180 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 180 180 METHYLPREDNISOLONUM COMPR. COMPR. / 16 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 150 600 63.00 252.00 50 100 21.00 42.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0181 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 181 181 METHYLPREDNISOLONUM COMPR. COMPR. / 32 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 60 1000 57.60 960.00 20 40 19.20 38.40 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0182 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 182 182 METHYLPREDNISOLONUM FL. PULB. + SOLV. PT. SOL. INJ./ PERF. / 500 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1000 4,617.00 46,170.00 1 5 46.17 230.85 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0183 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 183 183 METRONIDAZOLUM OVULE OVULE / 500 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30 300 21.00 210.00 10 20 7.00 14.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0184 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 184 184 METRONIDAZOLUM FL. SOL.PERF. / 5g/l * 200 ml, in CLORURA DE SODIU Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3600 12000 25,956.00 86,520.00 360 720 2,595.60 5,191.20 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0185 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 185 185 METRONIDAZOLUM FL. SOL. PERF. / 5mg/ml x 100 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30000 60000 123,000.00 246,000.00 500 2000 2,050.00 8,200.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0186 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 186 186 METRONIDAZOLUM COMPR./COMPR. FILM. COMPR./COMPR. FILM. / 250 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 9000 15000 2,610.00 4,350.00 60 120 17.40 34.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0187 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 187 187 MICROCLISME PENTRU ADULTI BUC aprox. 6 g/microclisma Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 3000 1,200.00 12,000.00 30 90 120.00 360.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0188 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 188 188 MICROCLISME PENTRU COPII BUC aprox. 3 g/microclisma Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 90 900 270.00 2,700.00 12 30 36.00 90.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0189 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 189 189 MIDAZOLAMUM FIOLE SOL. INJ. / PERF. 1 mg / ml * 5 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3000 30000 24,900.00 249,000.00 100 500 830.00 4,150.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0190 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 190 190 MIDAZOLAMUM FIOLE SOL. INJ. / 5 mg / ml * 10 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 3000 21,500.00 64,500.00 50 200 1,075.00 4,300.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0191 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 191 191 MORPHYNUM COMPR. FILM. ELIB. PREL. COMPR. FILM. ELIB. PREL. / 30mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 990 165.00 544.50 30 60 16.50 33.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0192 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 192 192 MORPHYNUM COMPR. FILM. ELIB. PREL. COMPR. FILM. ELIB. PREL. / 60mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 120 900 129.60 972.00 30 60 32.40 64.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0193 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 193 193 MORPHYNUM COMPR. FILM. ELIB. PREL. COMPR. FILM. ELIB. PREL. / 100mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 90 450 164.70 823.50 30 60 54.90 109.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0194 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 194 194 MORPHYNUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 10 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 4200 7200 2,982.00 5,112.00 60 360 42.60 255.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0195 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 195 195 MORPHYNUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 20 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3000 7200 3,090.00 7,416.00 60 360 61.80 370.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0196 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 196 196 MORPHYNUM F. SOL. INJ. SAU PERF. / 20 mg / ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 6000 15000 8,160.00 20,400.00 200 400 272.00 544.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0197 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 197 197 MOXIFLOXACINUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 400 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 40 500 240.80 3,010.00 5 10 30.10 60.20 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0198 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 198 198 MOXIFLOXACINUM FL. SOL. PERF. / 400mg/250ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 200 1000 12,646.00 63,230.00 10 50 632.30 3,161.50 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0199 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 199 199 NADROPARINUM SERINGA PREUMPLUTA SOL. INJ. / 3800 ui AFXa/0,4 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30000 85000 217,500.00 616,250.00 1000 2000 7,250.00 14,500.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0200 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 200 200 NADROPARINUM SERINGA PREUMPLUTA SOL. INJ. / 5700 ui AFXa/0.6 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 6000 25000 66,840.00 278,500.00 200 500 2,228.00 5,570.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0201 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 201 201 NADROPARINUM SERINGA PREUMPLUTA SOL. INJ. / 7600 ui AFXa/0,8 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 20000 15,650.00 313,000.00 50 150 782.50 2,347.50 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0202 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 202 202 NADROPARINUM FL. SOL. INJ. / 9500 ui AFXa/1 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 2000 9,520.00 190,400.00 10 20 952.00 1,904.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0203 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 203 203 NALOXONUM F. SOL. INJ. / 0.4 mg/ ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 600 1,333.00 7,998.00 10 20 133.30 266.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0204 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 204 204 NAPHAZOLINUM FLACON PICATURI OFTALMICE-SOL. / 0.03% Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20 300 420.00 6,300.00 1 5 21.00 105.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0205 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 205 205 NATRII CHLORIDUM FLACON SAU PUNGA SOL. PERF. / 1000 ML Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 5000 20000 24,250.00 97,000.00 100 300 485.00 1,455.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0206 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 206 206 NATRII CHLORIDUM FL. CONC. PT. SOL. PERF. 5.85 % (58,5mg/ml) x 20 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 14000 24000 34,720.00 59,520.00 1000 4000 2,480.00 9,920.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0207 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 207 207 NATRII CHLORIDUM PUNGI SOL.PERF. / 0.9% * 2000 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 700 7000 5,810.00 58,100.00 70 210 581.00 1,743.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0208 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 208 208 NATRII HYDROGENI CARBONAS FL. SOL. PERF. / 8.4% * 250 ml 500 15000 3,230.00 96,900.00 100 200 646.00 1,292.00 Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 500 15000 3,230.00 96,900.00 100 200 646.00 1,292.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0209 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 209 209 NICARDIPINUM FIOLE SOL INJ. 10 mg/10 ml 200 2000 7,526.00 75,260.00 10 100 376.30 3,763.00 Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 200 2000 7,526.00 75,260.00 10 100 376.30 3,763.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0210 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 210 210 NITRAZEPAMUM COMPR. COMPR. / 2.5 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1200 6000 60.00 300.00 30 300 1.50 15.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0211 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 211 211 NITROGLYCERINUM PLIC SIST.TERAP.TRANSDERM. / 25mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 400 2000 485.60 2,428.00 20 100 24.28 121.40 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0212 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 212 212 NITROGLYCERINUM FIOLE SOL. PERF. / 1 mg / ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 900 739.00 6,651.00 20 50 147.80 369.50 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0213 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 213 213 NITROGLYCERINUM COMPR.SUBLING COMPR.SUBLING / 0.5mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 400 4000 124.00 1,240.00 20 80 6.20 24.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0214 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 214 214 NORADRENALINUM FIOLE CONC.PT.SOL.PERF. / 16mg/8ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1500 3500 94,695.00 220,955.00 200 400 12,626.00 25,252.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0215 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 215 215 NORADRENALINUM FIOLE CONC.PT.SOL.PERF. / 8mg/4ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 3500 32,970.00 115,395.00 100 400 3,297.00 13,188.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0216 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 216 216 NORADRENALINUM FIOLE CONC.PT.SOL.PERF. / 8mg/8ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1000 3500 62,800.00 219,800.00 100 400 6,280.00 25,120.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0217 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 217 217 NORADRENALINUM FIOLE CONC.PT.SOL.PERF. / 4mg/4ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1500 3000 49,170.00 98,340.00 50 200 1,639.00 6,556.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0218 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 218 218 OFLOXACINUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 200 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1000 164.00 1,640.00 10 50 16.40 82.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0219 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 219 219 OFLOXACINUM TUB UNG. OFT. / 3 mg/g Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 200 114.70 2,294.00 1 5 11.47 57.35 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0220 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 220 220 OFLOXACINUM FL. PICĂTURI OFT., SOL. / 3 mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 200 102.50 2,050.00 1 5 10.25 51.25 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0221 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 221 221 OMEPRAZOLUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. PERF. / 40 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 500 10000 6,670.00 133,400.00 20 50 266.80 667.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0222 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 222 222 OXELADINUM SIROP SIROP / 0,2% Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 100 200.00 2,000.00 1 5 20.00 100.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0223 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 223 223 OXYBUTYNIN COMPR. COMPR. / 5 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 180 240 50.40 67.20 60 120 16.80 33.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0224 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 224 224 OXYCODONUM COMPR.ELIB.PREL. COMPR.ELIB.PREL. / 20mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1200 3000 1,212.00 3,030.00 60 120 60.60 121.20 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0225 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 225 225 OXYCODONUM COMPR.ELIB.PREL. COMPR.ELIB.PREL. / 40mg 240 1500 400.80 2,505.00 60 120 100.20 200.40 Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 240 1500 400.80 2,505.00 60 120 100.20 200.40 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0226 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 226 226 OXYCODONUM COMPR.ELIB.PREL. COMPR.ELIB.PREL. / 60mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 60 1000 279.00 4,650.00 20 40 93.00 186.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0227 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 227 227 OXYCODONUM COMPR.ELIB.PREL. COMPR.ELIB.PREL. / 80mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 180 420 531.00 1,239.00 60 120 177.00 354.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0228 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 228 228 PALONOSETRONUM FL. SOL. INJ. / 250 mcg/5ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20 150 3,723.20 27,924.00 5 10 930.80 1,861.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0229 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 229 229 PALONOSETRONUM CAPS. MOI CAPS. MOI / 500 mcg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20 150 4,986.60 37,399.50 5 10 1,246.65 2,493.30 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0230 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 230 230 PANTOPRAZOLUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. INJ. / 40 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 2000 20000 18,900.00 189,000.00 100 500 945.00 4,725.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0231 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 231 231 PARACETAMOLUM COMPR. COMPR. / 500 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20000 60000 4,000.00 12,000.00 1000 4000 200.00 800.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0232 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 232 232 PARACETAMOLUM FL. 120 mg / 5ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 50 200 800.00 3,200.00 1 10 16.00 160.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0233 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 233 233 PHENOBARBITALUM COMPR. COMPR. / 100 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 3000 42.00 420.00 25 50 3.50 7.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0234 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 234 234 PIRACETAMUM F. SOL. INJ. / 1 g/5 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 200 2000 294.00 2,940.00 20 50 29.40 73.50 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0235 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 235 235 POSACONAZOLUM COMPR. GASTROREZ. COMPR. GASTROREZ. / 100 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 72 960 9,615.60 128,208.00 24 48 3,205.20 6,410.40 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0236 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 236 236 POSACONAZOLUM FL. SUSP. ORALA / 40 mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 100 25,727.90 257,279.00 1 2 2,572.79 5,145.58 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0237 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 237 237 PREPARAT ENTERAL OLIGOPEPTIDIC FLACON 500 ML PREPARAT ENTERAL OLIGOPEPTIDIC / DIETA ENTERALA / OSMOLARITATE 300 - 450 MILIOSMOLI / LITRU Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30 300 1,200.00 12,000.00 4 20 160.00 800.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0238 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 238 238 PROPAFENONUM FIOLE SOL. INJ. / 70mg/20ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 50 1000 421.50 8,430.00 5 10 42.15 84.30 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0239 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 239 239 PYRIDOXINUM F. SOL. INJ. / 250mg/5ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20000 80000 51,000.00 204,000.00 1000 3000 2,550.00 7,650.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0240 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 240 240 RANITIDINUM F. SOL. INJ. / 25 mg/ml-2ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 50000 250000 162,500.00 812,500.00 5000 15000 16,250.00 48,750.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0241 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 241 241 REMIFENTANILUM FL. PULB. PT. CONC. PT. SOL. INJ./PERF. / 1 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 600 1,776.00 10,656.00 5 50 88.80 888.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0242 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 242 242 RIFAMPICINUM CAPS. CAPS. / 150 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30 40 5.40 7.20 10 20 1.80 3.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0243 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 243 243 RIFAXIMINUM FL. COMPR. FILM. / 200 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1800 4800 3,690.00 9,840.00 180 360 369.00 738.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0244 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 244 244 ROCURONIUM BROMIDE FL. SOL. INJ. / 100 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 300 1200 4,923.00 19,692.00 50 100 820.50 1,641.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0245 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 245 245 ROPIVACAINUM F. SOL. INJ. / 10 mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1000 1,079.00 10,790.00 5 50 53.95 539.50 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0246 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 246 246 SALBUTAMOLUM FL. SUSP. INHAL. PRESURIZATA / 100 mcg / doza Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1000 803.00 8,030.00 10 30 80.30 240.90 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0247 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 247 247 SILIBINUM COMPR. 35 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 800 9600 104.00 1,248.00 80 160 10.40 20.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0248 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 248 248 SOLUTIE ENTERALA ORALA FL. SOL. ORALA / 20 grame proteine 120 400 1,800.00 6,000.00 4 40 60.00 600.00 Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 120 400 1,800.00 6,000.00 4 40 60.00 600.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0249 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 249 249 SOLUTIE ENTERALA ORALA PE SONDA FL. SOL. ORALA / aport energetic min 1.5 Kcal/ ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 40 400 1,400.00 14,000.00 4 20 140.00 700.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0250 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 250 250 SPIRONOLACTONUM COMPR. FILM. / CAPS. /COMPR. COMPR. FILM. / CAPS. / COMPR. / 25 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3000 15000 870.00 4,350.00 100 500 29.00 145.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0251 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 251 251 SPIRONOLACTONUM COMPR. FILM. / CAPS. COMPR. FILM. / CAPS. / 50 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3000 12000 1,620.00 6,480.00 100 500 54.00 270.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0252 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 252 252 STREPTOMYCINUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. INJ. / 1g Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 150 300 465.00 930.00 50 100 155.00 310.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0253 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 253 253 SUFENTANILUM CITRATUM FIOLE SOL. INJ. 50 mcg / ml * 5 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20 300 357.60 5,364.00 5 10 89.40 178.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0254 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 254 254 SUGAMMADEXUM FL. SOL. INJ. / 100 mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30 300 9,963.30 99,633.00 10 20 3,321.10 6,642.20 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0255 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 255 255 SULFAMETHOXAZOLUM + TRIMETHOPRIMUM COMPR. COMPR. / 400 mg / 80 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 2000 10000 620.00 3,100.00 200 400 62.00 124.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0256 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 256 256 SULFATHIAZOLUM KG PULBERE ALBA, CRISTALINA CU EFECT DEZINFECTANT Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 1 5 350.00 1,750.00 0.3 0.5 105.00 175.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0257 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 257 257 SULTAMICILLINUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 375 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 48 900 106.08 1,989.00 12 24 26.52 53.04 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0258 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 258 258 SULTAMICILLINUM FL. PULB. PT. SUSP. ORALA / 250 mg/ 5 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 50 200.70 1,003.50 1 5 20.07 100.35 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0259 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 259 259 TAMSULOSINUM CAPS. / COMPR. CAPS. / COMPR. / 0.4 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 90 300 72.00 240.00 30 60 24.00 48.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0260 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 260 260 TEICOPLANINUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. INJ./PERF. SAU SOL. ORALA / 400 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 500 2000 59,950.00 239,800.00 10 50 1,199.00 5,995.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0261 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 261 261 TETRACYCLINUM TUB UNGUENT / 30 mg/g Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1000 1,147.00 11,470.00 5 20 57.35 229.40 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0262 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 262 262 TETRYZOLINUM FL PIC. OFTALMICE - SOL. / 0.5mg/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10 100 200.00 2,000.00 1 3 20.00 60.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0263 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 263 263 THIAMINUM F. SOL. INJ. / 100 mg/2ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 20000 80000 34,200.00 136,800.00 1000 3000 1,710.00 5,130.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0264 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 264 264 TIGECYCLINUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. PERF. / 50 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 500 2000 65,970.00 263,880.00 10 50 1,319.40 6,597.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0265 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 265 265 TINZAPARINUM FL. SOL. INJ. IN FLACOANE / 10000UI anti-XA/ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 30 1000 1,424.40 47,480.00 10 20 474.80 949.60 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0266 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 266 266 TIREOTROPINUM ALFA FL PULB. PT. SOL. INJ / 0.9 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 8 30 11,775.04 44,156.40 2 4 2,943.76 5,887.52 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0267 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 267 267 TRAMADOLUM COMPR. ELIB. PREL. COMPR. ELIB. PREL. / 150 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 600 1800 606.00 1,818.00 60 180 60.60 181.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0268 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 268 268 TRAMADOLUM COMPR. ELIB. PREL. COMPR. ELIB. PREL. / 200 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 420 1200 562.80 1,608.00 60 120 80.40 160.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0269 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 269 269 TRAMADOLUM CAPS / COMPR. CAPS/COMPR / 50 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 4000 15000 1,480.00 5,550.00 400 800 148.00 296.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0270 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 270 270 TRIMEBUTINUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR/COMPR. FILM. / 100 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 180 1200 54.00 360.00 30 60 9.00 18.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0271 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 271 271 TRIMEBUTINUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR/COMPR. FILM. / 200 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 180 600 165.60 552.00 30 60 27.60 55.20 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0272 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 272 272 VANCOMYCINUM FL. PULB. PT.SOL. PERF. / 500 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 5000 15000 93,050.00 279,150.00 100 500 1,861.00 9,305.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0273 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 273 273 VANCOMYCINUM FL. PULB. PT.SOL. PERF. / 1000 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 10000 25000 262,000.00 655,000.00 100 1000 2,620.00 26,200.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0274 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 274 274 VORICONAZOLUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 200 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 840 2800 43,394.40 144,648.00 140 280 7,232.40 14,464.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0275 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 275 275 VORICONAZOLUM FL. PULB. PT. SOL. PERF. / 200 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1000 31,065.00 310,650.00 10 50 3,106.50 15,532.50 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0276 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 276 276 VORICONAZOLUM FL. PULB. PT. SUSP. ORALA / 40 mg/ ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 3 50 4,118.76 68,646.00 1 2 1,372.92 2,745.84 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0277 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 277 277 XILOMETAZOLINA CLORHIDRAT FL. SOL. NAZALA / 1 mg/ml, 10 ml Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 60 300 600.00 3,000.00 1 10 10.00 100.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0278 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 278 278 ZOLPIDEMUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 10 mg Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 100 1200 27.00 324.00 20 40 5.40 10.80 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0279 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 279 279 ACIDUM CLODRONICUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM. / 800 MG Diverse medicamente supplies Cant min acord cadru/Cant max acord cadru/ Val min acord cadru/Val max acord cadru/ Cant min ctr subs/Cant max ctr subs/Val min ctr subs/Val max ctr subs 360 480 4,266.00 5,688.00 60 120 711.00 1,422.00 33690000 Farmacia IOCN RO113 ROU 36 0 LOT-0280 no-eu-funds price Pretul ofertei Pretul cel mai scazut este singurul criteriu ORG-0004 ORG-0002 false false fa-wo-rc none 280 280 ACIDUM IBANDRONICUM COMPR. FILM. COMPR. FILM.

https://github.com/itm/shawn/blob/master/src/apps/distest/distest_postscript_writer.h

Github Open Source

Open Source

BSD-3-Clause

shawn

itm

C

Code

/************************************************************************ ** This file is part of the network simulator Shawn. ** ** Copyright (C) 2004-2007 by the SwarmNet (www.swarmnet.de) project ** ** Shawn is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it ** ** under the terms of the BSD License. Refer to the shawn-licence.txt ** ** file in the root of the Shawn source tree for further details. ** ************************************************************************/ #ifndef __SHAWN_APPS_DISTEST_POSTSCRIPT_WRITER_H #define __SHAWN_APPS_DISTEST_POSTSCRIPT_WRITER_H #include "_apps_enable_cmake.h" #ifdef ENABLE_DISTEST #include "sys/simulation/simulation_controller.h" #include "sys/processor.h" #include "sys/node.h" #include "sys/world.h" using namespace shawn; namespace distest { //---------------------------------------------------------------- class DIPostscriptWriter { protected: std::ostream& psfile_; int pageNo_; bool eps_; double x0,x1,y0,y1; Vec* pageSize; //void paint(std::vector<shawn::Node*>& nvec); public: Vec* addvec; double fac; double boundary; Vec offset; Vec border; double scale; enum Color { grey, red, green, blue, yellow, orange, black, pink}; DIPostscriptWriter(std::ostream& psfile, SimulationController& sc ); ~DIPostscriptWriter(void); void calcOffset(const shawn::World&); void setcolor(enum Color color); void setcolor(double r, double g, double b); void line(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2); void lineto(double x, double y); void stroke(); void circle(double x, double y, double radius, bool filled = false, int start_angle = 0, int end_angle = 360); void cross(double x, double y); void silly_triangle(double x, double y); void moveto(double x, double y); void setlinewidth2(double width = 0.0 ); void showpage(); void setcolor2(double X, double Y, double Z); void line2(double x1, double y1, double x2, double y2); void proline2(Vec from, Vec to); void mystroke(); void circle3(double x, double y, double radius, bool filled); void procircle3(Vec pos, double radius, bool filled); void text(Vec pos, std::string s); void newpage(); void ps_header(); }; } #endif #endif /*----------------------------------------------------------------------- * Source $Source: /cvs/shawn/shawn/apps/distest/distest_postscript_writer.h,v $ * Version $Revision: 197 $ * Date $Date: 2008-04-29 17:40:51 +0200 (Tue, 29 Apr 2008) $ *----------------------------------------------------------------------- * $Log: distest_postscript_writer.h,v $ *-----------------------------------------------------------------------*/

https://github.com/modster/bokeh/blob/master/bokehjs/test/models/widgets/tables/cell_formatters.coffee

Github Open Source

Open Source

BSD-3-Clause

bokeh

modster

CoffeeScript

Code

{expect} = require "chai" cf = require("models/widgets/tables/cell_formatters") describe "cell_formatters module", -> describe "DateFormatter", -> describe "getFormat method", -> it "should map ATOM", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "ATOM"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%Y-%m-%d" it "should map W3C", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "W3C"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%Y-%m-%d" it "should map RFC-3339", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "RFC-3339"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%Y-%m-%d" it "should map ISO-8601", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "ISO-8601"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%Y-%m-%d" it "should map COOKIE", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "COOKIE"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%a, %d %b %Y" it "should map RFC-850", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "RFC-850"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%A, %d-%b-%y" it "should map RFC-1123", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "RFC-1123"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%a, %e %b %Y" it "should map RFC-2822", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "RFC-2822"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%a, %e %b %Y" it "should map RSS", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "RSS"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%a, %e %b %y" it "should map RFC-822", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "RFC-822"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%a, %e %b %y" it "should map RFC-1036", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "RFC-1036"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "%a, %e %b %y" it "should map TIMESTAMP", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "TIMESTAMP"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.undefined it "should map custom formats to themselves", -> df = new cf.DateFormatter({format: "CUST"}) expect(df.getFormat()).to.be.equal "CUST"

<urn:uuid:f39fbffc-33bb-4217-ad97-2efa7c1d2238>

French Open Data

Open Government

Various open data

https://www.ina.fr/ina-eclaire-actu/video/i05278592/jean-pierre-melville-a-propos-de-bourvil-dans-le-cercle-rouge

ina.fr

Haitian Creole (Latin script)

Spoken

Jean Pierre Melville, à propos de Bourvil dans "Le cercle rouge" Sport en fête - 05.11.1972 - 04:39 - vidéo Jean Pierre MELVILLE, invité fil rouge de la tranche horaire, évoque le dernier rôle de BOURVIL dans "Le cercle rouge" tourné en 1970 (extrait). Bourvil, André, Cinéma, film

2009042500522

French Open Data

Open Government

Licence ouverte

ASSOCIATION SPORTIVE ET CULTURELLE NORD-SUD (A.S.C.N-S).

ASSOCIATIONS

French

Spoken

activités sportives autour d'équipes de foot ; accompagnement scolaire pour les jeunes scolarisés ; une aide aux jeunes en échec scolaire dans leurs démarches pour une insertion dans la vie active (recherche d'emplois, formation, autres...) ; des activités extrascolaires pendant les vacances scolaires ; des projets de bienfaisance.

https://ar.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D9%85%D8%AE%D9%84%D9%81%D8%A7%D8%AA%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%B2%D9%88%D8%A7%D8%A8%D8%B9%20%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%A3%D8%AE%D9%8A%D8%B1%D8%A9

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

مخلفات الزوابع الأخيرة

https://ar.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=مخلفات الزوابع الأخيرة&action=history

Arabic

Spoken

مخلفات الزوابع الأخيرة، هي رواية للاديب جمال ناجي نشرت في العام 1988 من قبل المؤسسة العربية للدراسات والنشر - بيروت. اعتبر عدد من النقاد أن هذه الرواية هي أفضل ما كتبه جمال ناجي حتى العام 1988، ورؤوا انها رواية المكان بامتياز، حيث أقام الروائي معماره الفني بعد تصفير المكان والزمان، والابتداء بتشييد مدينة جديدة ببيوتها وشوارعها ومحالها التجارية وسكانها وعلاقاتهم الاجتماعية والاقتصادية والسياسية والعاطفية، ومما يميز هذه الرواية أنها تتناول جوهر حياة الغجر، بعيدا عن الصورة النمطية التي درجت العادة على التعامل من خلالها مع الغجر، وهي صورة الغجريات الراقصات اللواتي يرفهن عن الآخرين. جمال ناجي في روايته هذه يهمش هذه الصورة النمطية المسطحة ليغوص في ميثولوجيا الغجر ونشأتهم وعاداتهم وتقاليدهم وأسباب تشتتهم منذ ولادة جدهم الأول، مرورا بما يتهمون به من أنهم رفضوا إيواء مريم العذراء في خيمتهم أثناء هربها، وانتهاء بتفرقهم في أنحاء الأرض، يأتي هذا في سياق انثيال الذاكرة الغجرية في الرواية، وهو ما يتم استحضاره خلال فترة انضمامهم إلى مدينة الوادي التي شيدها الروائي، واختلط فيها الغجر والفلاحون والبدو ليشكلوا بمرور الزمن مجتمعا مدينيا قادرا على التعايش رغم اختلاف الثقافات والمرجعيات خصوصا بين الغجر والآخرين. ملخص الرواية تبدأ أحداث الرواية مع غجري اسمه (سبلو) وزوجته (بهاج) وابنته (هجير)، حيث يقرر سبلو الانفصال عن الغجر والعيش في الوادي الذي يسمى فيما بعد (وادي الغجر)، وحيث ان الوادي يكون مقفرا وخاليا من البيوت باستثناء بيت عثمان أبو بركه، فان سبلو وزوجته يجدان صعوبة في العيش فيه، خصوصا بعد أن يتنبها إلى وجود مجموعة من المجرمين يعيشون في كهوف في أعالي الجبال المحيطة بالوادي، وهنا تبدأ هواجس سبلو وتخوفاته من حدوث مكروه له أو لزوجته أو ابنته، وفي إحدى الليالي يعود إلى بيته فيجد زوجته التي أحبها(بهاج) مقتولة بفظاعة، ويصير همه بعدها العثور على قاتلها بعد أن تداهم الشرطة كهوف المجرمين وتشتبك معهم ويفرون من منطقة الوادي. يأتي إلى الوادي سكان جدد يقيمون فيه ويدفعون أثمان الأراضي إلى (عثمان أبو بركه) الذي يدعي ملكيته لكل الوادي، وتأتي جموع الغجر إلى الوادي أيضا بعد أن يشاهدوا بيت سبلو ويتلمسون إمكانية الاستقرار وفضائله، وتتوارد أسر كثيرة إلى المكان وتنشأ علاقات اجتماعية واقتصادية بين السكان بحكم نمو الحياة في الوادي وتطورها الذي يتزامن مع بحث سبلو عن قاتل زوجته وآلامه المقيمة التي لا يستطيع الخلاص منها، وتلعب ابنته (هجير) دورا رئيسيا في استرجاع معنى الحياة في بيته، وتزداد نضارة وتعيش قصة حب مع (جبر) ابن عثمان أبو بركة الأمر الذي يستفز أهله (الفلاحين) الذين يرفضون ارتباط جبر بفتاة غجرية (هجير) لكن جبر يصر على هذه العلاقة مما يثير حفيظة شقيقه (سلمان أبو بركة) الذي يخوض معه صراعا مكشوفا، إلى حد أنه يتحالف مع (نزار أبو خنجر) وهو واحد من المجرمين الذين نجوا من مداهمة الشرطة واختفوا دون أن يعرفهم أحد. لكن يفاجأ سكان الوادي بأن الأرض التي اقاموا بيوتهم ومصالحهم عليها منذ عشرين عاما ليست ملكا لعثمان أبو بركه الذي تسلم منهم المال وسلمهم مقابلها(حجج بيع)، انما هي لشخص آخر (معروف المعروف) الذي يصر على استرداد ارضه أو تقاضي ثمنها من السكان بالأسعار السائدة عند ظهوره، وهنا تنشأ الاصطفافات والانتفاضات في الوادي ضد معروف وما يمثله، ويتماسك السكان في البداية، لكن هذا التماسك يبدأ بالتفتت تحت ضغط الحكم القضائي وتدخل سلمان أبو بركه ونزار أبو خنجر اللذان يعقدان صفقة مع صاحب الأرض مقابل الدور المتخاذل الذي يقومان به لصالحه. في النهاية ورغم شراسة الصراعات في الوادي حول ملكية الأرض، فإن سبلو يشعر بأن لا مكان له في هذا المجتمع الذي أودى بحياة زوجته منذ أعوام طويلة، لكن ابنته هجير تختلف معه بسبب تعايشها منذ طفولتها مع هذا المجتمع وتحولها إلى جزء منه، الأمر الذي يضيف إلى آلام سبلو آلاما وعذابات جديدة. المسلسل التلفزيوني تم تحويل هذه الرواية إلى مسلسل تلفزيوني من إنتاج المركز العربي للإنتاج الفني. مراجع روايات 1982 روايات 1988 روايات أردنية روايات متلفزة

newenglandfarmer21bost_47

English-PD

Open Culture

Public Domain

New England farmer, and horticultural register

None

English

Spoken

Select one tliird, and never over one half dry, for unless you have a bad stove indeed, you can cook equally as well, and be as comfortably warmed, and save one quarter of the expense. Every man that can, should season his wood under cover, as its value is much increased thereby. True economy is the wealth of the nation — and it should be the pride of all our pursuits, the pillar of our domestic happiness — for it makes the most of our own means for supplying our own wants, and for being useful to others. It is truly the poor man's wealth and capital. Yours, &c. S. P. Remarlts. — We are obliged to Mr Perkins for his communication, and hope he will favor us again. His ingenious suggestions may set many to think- ing. A good farmer in Westboro', tells us he intends to make a fair trial of the plan of soiling cows through the summer season ; that is, keeping them in a yard and feeding them with green fodder. For ourself we have never tried this mode of feeding. The Hon. Josiah Quincy has tried it for many years, and he thinks it a good mode where the land is suitable. The English practice soiling extensively. The manure made from a cow so kept, will be worth twice as much as from one kept in the usual way. It seems that Mr Perkins has made 4 cords and that he thinks he can make six with a little exer- tion. This agrees with a statement in our last pa- per that one cow would make manure enough for an acre of tillage land each season. We have often said a middling cow will make twice as much manure as a middling hog. But the great difficulty with most farmers is, that they have lands so rough or bo distant that they cannot be easily njown and the green crops carted to the yard. Another objection is the increased labor of tending the cowa. But our correspondent suggests that a mechanic who keeps but one, may feed her from half an acre of land, or even one fourth of an acre, if it is made rich. Now if half an acre will be sufficient, it will be the cheapest keeping that a mechanic can have ; for the labor of mowing enough for his cow, each day, would be less than the labor of driving 80 rods to a pasture ; and a mechanic whose business is constantly at his own shop, could cut his grass without the least inconvenience. Nay, he might be absent for a day, and more, for his fodder would keep longer than the manna of the men of Israel, and any of his family could deal it out. We should like to see many more trials of this mode of feeding. We are not yet prepared to re- commend it strenuously to our friends, though we think there are many strong arguments in its fa- vor. It is a fact that in hot weather, in fly lime, cows are much more fond of getting into the barn, or under it, than of remaining out; so are horses, though Ihey are not so annoyed with flies. Racks may be so made as to save nearly all th fodder ; and where a man's land lies close to tli barn and can be mown, it may be the most econc mical mode of keeping his cattle. If six, or evr four cords of manure can be made from a cow, will make a tolerable dressing, even for land ; tillage. But grass lands may be kept in good o! der with one fourth part of what is required fe grain or for potatoes. We invite our hlacksmitl and our shoemakers to make a partial trial of th mode of keeping. In regard to the comparative economy of usin dry and green wood, much may be said. It is bi lieved by many that a green stick of hard wood, you can make it burn, will give out more heat tha the same stick when dried, and we are inclined 1 adopt this opinion. One advantage of dry wood i you may keep a fire with it without putting o half a cord at a time. If you have a stove, wil short pipes, not liable to be choked up, you may t well use green wood as dry, after your fire is we kindled. We are pretty confident there is no loi in it; there may be considerable gain, as our co respondent suggests; and his assertion in regai to charred wood, green and dry, is worth attcndini to. The sap of wood is not pure water. The wai nut and the rock maple have sap that is full of st' gar ; and both these kinds of wood are more vali able for fuel when green than when dry. Bol will burn freely enough in any common fire-plac and these are the best kinds of fuel in the countr Next come the yellow locust and the apple tre The sap of these also is quite rich, and both wi burn well in a green state. — Ed. Plowman. VALUE OF THE EXPORTS OF AMERICA! PRODUCE. Summary statement of the value of the Exports, the growth, produce and manufacture of tl United States, during the year commencing t the Ist day of October, 1840, and ending on tl 30th of September, 1841 : The Sea. Fisheries — Diied fish, or cod fisheries, $602,81 Pickled fish, or river fisheries (herring, shad, salmon, mackerel,) 148,9* Whale and other fish oil, l,2OG,0C Whalebone, 34.3,3C The Forest. Skins and furs, Ginseng, Products of wood — Staves, shingles, boards, hewn timber, $2,54!>,812 Other lumber, 200,175 Masts and spars, 58,991 Oak bark and other dye, 153,519 All manufactures of wood, 548,308 Naval stores, tar, pitch, rosin and turpentine, 084,514 Ashes, pot and pearl, 573,026 $2,840,85 993,2f; 437,24 J}griculture. Products of animals — Beef, tallow, hides, horned cattle, 904,918 Butter and cjieesc, 504,815 4,834,341 6,204,85 VOb. Xtl. NO. 94. AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. 189 Pork, (pickled.) bacon, lard, live hnrrs, 2,661,547 Horses and mules, 2i>.%143 Sheep, ■•IS.rC? egetable food — Wheat, 829,881 Flour, 7,7.59,646 Indian corn, 312,9.54 Indian meal, 662,457 Rye meal, 138,505 Rye, oats, and other small grain, and pulse, 1.59,893 Bi.scuit, or ship bread, 378,041 Potatoes, ' 64,402 Apples, 48,396 Rice, 2,010,107 4,360,180 Tobacco, Cotton, 11 other agricultural products — Flaxseed, 50,781 Hops, 28,823 Brown sugar, 23,837 12,377,282 16,737,462 12,506,703 54,330,341 Manvfadurts. Soap and tallow candles, 494,577 Leather, boots and shoes, 193,583 Household furniture. 310,105 Coaches and other carriages 60,456 Hats, 100,725 Saddlery, 22,456 Wax, 74,120 Beer, porter and cider. 59,133 Spirits from grain. 97,150 SnufFand tobacco, 873,877 Lead, 96,784 Linseed oil, and spirits of tu rpentine. 52,162 Cordage, 31.582 Iron — pig, and nails. 138,537 Castings, 99,904 All manufactures of. 806,823 Spirits from molasses, 371,294 Sugar, refined, 1,384,974 Chocolate, 2,606 Gunpowder, 146,934 Copper and brass. 72,932 Medicinal drugs, 136,469 5,591,147 itton piece goods — iPrinted and colored, 450,503 ■White, 2,324,839 Twist, yarn, and thread, 43,403 All manufactures of, 303,701 .1.122.546 IX and hemp — Cloth and thread, Bags and all manufactures of, Wearing apparel, Combs and buttons, Brushes, Billiard tables and apparatus. Umbrellas and parasols. Leather and morocco skins not sold pound. Printing presses and type, Fire engines and apparatus. Musical instruments, Books and maps, per 2,764 10,636 77,907 47,548 2,590 906 7,699 38,689 561 22,439 16,119 40,620 Paper and stationery. Paints and varnish, Vinegar, Enrtbcn and stone ware. Manufactures of glass, Tin, Pewter and load, Marhlo and stone, Gold and silver, and gold Gold and silver coin, Artificial flowers and jewelry, Molasses, Trunks, Brick and lime. Domestic salt, Articles not enumerated — Manufactured, Other articles, 6,481,502 626,857 823,566 1,450,423 Total domestic exports, ,$106,382,722. Treasury Department, Register's Office, July 7, 1842. T. L. SMITH, Register. THE GROWING INTEREST IN AGRICUL- TURAL PURSUITS. With our neighbor of the New England Farmer, in his remarks on this important subject, we con- cur in the sentiment expressed, " that it is matter of rejoicing, that much ia yet to be learned — and may the time never come when man shall be com- pelled to till the earth without having it in his power to learn how to do his work better." Should the editorial corps, by the diffusion of practical truths and the lights of science, be the happy instruments of hastening the world towards a state of perfection in the cultivation of the earth, even until it should groan under the burthen of its productions, and man become surfeited with its riches and luxuries, still would we say, in the spi- rit of the age, go ahead. Man's destiny is not li- mited to " Tliis mouldy vesture of decay," that feeds upon material stuff. He was not made for a mere tiller of the soil, to muddle in the dirt. This ball of earth is but a foctfhold, a stopping place, to refresh his mortal self in his career through time, and purposely made for the benefit and use of intellectual beings, and to be governed by moral and intellectual power. The development and ex- pansion of those powers to their utmost limits, is the grand purpose of his compound existence. And scientific agriculture is the field wisely adapted to the exercise and discipline of his physical and in- tellectual energies, and to capacitate him for that more etherial and exalted sphere of action to which he is destined. But the material results of agri- cultural skill afford no sustenance for the intellec. tual man ; that thrives only on the Tree of Knowl- edge ; a perennial plant, which is the food of an- gels— a plant susceptible of everlasting culture. -Conn. Farmer's Gnz. Duelling — Dr. Franklin. — When Franklin was in England, prior to tho American revolution, ho was one night in ono of the coffee-houses in Lon- don, in company with a number of literary and sci- entific gentlemen, who greatly admired his conver- sational powers, both for their force and originality. A stranger, who was afUjcted with a most offen- sive odor, and who seeined pleased with the Doc- tor's conversation, came into the box in which the party was assembled. Franklin proposed that his friends should remove to another box to escape the horrid smell: they did so, but the stranger followed them : again, at Franklin's instance, lliey removed, and again he followed ; when, the Doctor's patience getting exhausted, he said to the stranger that he would be obliged to him not to follow them again, for his scent was so offensive it could not be borne. He of the smell took this as a gross insult, and challenged the Doctor the next morning to a duel. The Doctor replied thus: "If I accept your chal- lenge, and we fight, and you kill me, I shall in a few days smell as bad as you do now : — If I kill you, you will, if possible, smell worse than you do at present: in neither case can I see how Any be- nefit can result to ourselves or others, and there- fore decline the challenge." — Selected. Ingenious Expedient to Evade the Post Office Law. — The Postmaster General has recently writ- ten a letter, stating that the writing of any thing upon the margin of a newspaper, other than the name of the person to whom it is sent, subjects it to letter postage. Also, that any hieroglyphics come under the same head. " The many ingenious devices to evade the pe- nalty of the law," says the Postmaster General, " may be inferred from the facts in a single case which was brought to my notice. A man had been in the habit of writing on the margin of a pa- per to his father, to save letter postage. When ar- rested by the application of the provisions of tho act of 1825, he adopted atspecies of singular hiero- glyphics. His object was to let his father know that his family were well, and would be up in a few days ; so he sent a newspaper with nothing but his name written on it : but he had penciled on the margin a fac simile of a saddler's awl, point- ing towards the representation of a well with a sweep and bucket going up — thus distinctly con- veying the message to his father that 'all his fam- ily were well, and were coining up to see him.' " There is this difference between health and mo- ney : money is the most envied, but the least enjoy- ed ; health is the most enjoyed but the least envied ; and the superiority of the latter is still more obvi- ous when we reflect that the poorest man would not part with health for money, but that the rich- est would gladly part with all his money for health. Worse than the Toothache. — A Dutchman, pro- ceeding to a place from whence he heard cries of distress, discovered one of his countrymen lying under a stone wall which had fallen upon him and fractured his legs. " Veil, den, neighbor Vander- diken, vat ish de matter vid you .'" " Vat de mat- ter I vy do n't you see mine conditions, vid all deesh pig stones upon me, and poth mini^ legs proke off close py mine poddy.'" '' Mine Cot !" said Honie, "ish dat all ? you hollered so like tun- der, I thought you wash got de toothache !" — Se- lected. Be slow to believe you are wiser than all others : it is a fatal but common error. Where one has been saved by a true estimation of another's weak- ness, thousands have been destroyed by a false ap- preciation of their own strength. Napoleon could calculate the former well, but to his miscalculations of the latter, may be ascribed his roin. — Lacon. 190 NEW ENGLAND FARMER, DEC. It.HS'ia. Ann HORTICULTURAL REGISTER. | Boston, Wednesday, Dkcember 14, 1842. LYING ABOUT CROPS AND PROFITS. 1 " Some books arc lies frae end to end, And some great lies were never penn'd ; Ev'n mmisters. they have been kenn'd In holy rapture, A rousing whid,at times to vend, And nail't wi' scripture." Mr Editor — There seems to me a spirit of lying abroad which ought to be rebuked, and I wish you would give your roaders a homily on the subject, " And nail't vvi' scripture." From my recollection of your ef- forts in that way in " old times," I have reason to know that such an exercise would bo as wholesome to some of your correspondents and to many of your readers, as are your excellent hints on the management of the farm. I refer more particularly to the habit of bragging, so mueh indulged in in the papers and public reports. In your paper of the 7th December, there is an article cre- dited ? to the Worcester Spy, and headed " Apples," which is a good specimen of what I refer to. It con- tains as many lies as lin«s. There is no doubt that the person referred to in the article has the thirty acres of apple trees, and just ns little doubt that he has spent fifty years in rearing them, and that they are nearly the whole result of the labor of a life. The fact, however, that the 15U0 trees on tliese 30 acres, now in a " fine healthy slate and full bearing," produce no more than 800 barrels of apples, shows a want of skill in their se- lection or management, which I should think he would be slow to brag of. There was no occasion for "scour- ing" the country for trees to make additions to his orch- ard. Enough might be found within ten miles of Boston and at reasonable prices loo, for his wants, if they were ten times as great as they are. The assertion that he could have three dollars and a Haifa barrel for his 800 barrels of apples, is too gieat a lie to dwell on. Every one ^who has dealt in the arti- cle this year, knows that selected Baldwins can hardly be sold at retail for two dollars, and that the wholesale price has not been, and is not now, above one dollar and a half a barrel. If" the demand for exportation is limited only by the supply," as the article asserts, why do not the dealers now ship off some of the thousands of barrels that are now rotting in our cellars and cannot be sold here.' It is true that one merchant has shipped about 500 barrels of this article annually for a few years past, to Calcutta but wiih various and not uniform success. He ships them <in his cargoes of ice, and could not of course send them in any other way. He bought his supply this year for $1 50 a barrel. This, after rejecting fully one third as unfit for shipping such a distance, makes the cost of what remain $2 25. Only the very fairest are ever shipped to that market. It i» notoriously untrue that shipments to England, the West Indies, S. America, and the Mediterranean give equally good returns. Shipments to nearly all those places have been almost uniformly disastrous. Unless shipped with ice, every body who knows any thing about the matter, knows tiiat they cannot be sent a 00 days voyage with any chance of success. 1 would not be thought, by any thing I have said, to underrate the cultivation of the Apple. It is undoubted- ly one of the best, if not the very best crop that can be raised between the Kennebec and the Hudson, and whin its cultivation is belter understood, the barren looking hills in many pans of that great region will be covered with the trees. Whilst on the subject of bragging, I meant to have said something of some of the slati'inentB made to our late excellent Siale Commissioner, the cessation of whose useful labor.-i, we all regret. But I have only time now I to hint to the assessors of some of the towns in the eastern part of MiddUsex county, that if they will read his Report f.r 1811, (the 4th), ihey will find one " facul- ty," richly developed whicli they probably -never have 1 taxed : and such disclosures of " incomes" as canno f^iil to be of great benefit to them when they next take an account of the " gudes and gear" of the worthy peo" pie in those parts. Yours, very truly, A MIDDLESEX FARMER. inr Lying, is it .' Perhaps it is. Much is published about farming in general, and nbout the productiveness and profits of particular farms, that no farmer can be- lieve. Whether this is the result of downright ii/m^> or the result of ignorance and llioughtlessnes?, it may not be easy to determine. It is unfortunate that so many false and misleading things in relation to farming, should be circulated. They give false and deluding no- tions to the people of all other pursuits — they tend to make the inhabitants of cities and villages look upon faimers as the most unthankful and grumbling set of men upon the face of the earth — they operate also to al- lure many a mechanic and trader from a business by which he can earn a good living, to a farm where he will almost surely run behind hand. In these times of mercantile embarrassments, and of perplexities in trade, hundreds and thousands are asking whether it would not be well for them to leave the thronged city and sef tie down upon a farm. To such we must say emphati- cally, that there is no probability— that there is scarcely a possibility that a man who has spent many of his days in the city, and got city habits and tastes fixed upon himself and his family— there is scarcely a possibility that he can get a bare living from a 5 or 6000 dollar farm. If he can live where he is, he had better stay where he is, unless he has several thousands to spare after the farm is paid for. To those who are practically unacquainted with farming, we must say, do not believe the many statements which represent farming as very ■profitable. Now and then a particular crop niay give its grower a large profit, but this is an exception to the gen- eral rule. We hardly know where the chief fault lies. Papers devoted to ngricultftre are established, and must be fill- ed from week to week or month to month. The farm- ers themselves, they who know all the facts, are reluc- tant to write them out; but an attempt must be made to get them. Let an editor talk awhile with a farmer and he may get at some of the desirable facts as to his pro- cesses and results — but it is generally only a part of them, and that part such as lead to wrong inferences. In some such way as this, many of the objectionable articles are made up, we presume, though we cannot plead guilty to doing much in this way. A plentiful intermixture of lies and exaggerations, and marvels makes a paper the more palatable to too many readers, and perhaps extends the fame and circula- tion of the paper. This may argue a depraved public laaie ;— but the existence of such depravity will mani- fest itself, whether argued into light or not; and there are loo many writers ready to earn a copper by catering to this depravity. The evil alluded to, and pointed out by our corres- ptindent, does prevail most extensively. We see it and feel it every week. We are obliged, much against our will, to give circulation to many things coming through most respectable exchange papers — that we can't make up our minds to believe, and yet, we can't doubt, with out saying to some rsspectable man — " you lie, air." We are not sorry to see the lies of such an article n: that which our correspondent has criticised, thus expos ed — some of them are apparent to every reader ^ho lia sold a barrel of apples. And if it is thought right tlir we should bear a portion of the blame for admitting ili lies to the columns of the Farmer — we must say Jlmcn Self Culture, by William E. Channing, D. D,w:i a Biographical ijketch of the Author. James Munroe & Co., Boston, have just published ai uncommonly neat little vol., comprising a few fact? i Dr. Channing's life, and also an address by this gifle man, on Self Culture, which he delivered in Bostui September, 1838, as introductory to the Franklin Lti tures. The well known views of this gifted man, in regar to the nature, capabilities and destiny of the human sou and in regard to man's duty to himself, are all that nee be remembered, to show that a work from his polishc and soul stirring pen, would be instructive and useful I every reader. We are glad to dee the address in a fori which will make it not unseemly on the centre table i in the parlor. It will make a pretty and useful Chris mas or New Year's present. Distemper among Cattle in Brairtlree. — We last wet mentioned the death of an ox and two cows in Brai; tree — and a report also that nine hogs, that eat of tl meat of the ox had died. This part of the story, that i the death of the Jwgs, is all fabulous. Stores — It is downright madness, isn't it.' to say word against the general use of stoves. They are convenient — they save so much fuel — they keep t, house so warm. All these benefits are claimed ; ai let them be allowed. But even then it is questional whether Ihey are worth having. The confined and u healthy air, and the great heat, though not unpleasii to many people, while breathing and feeling them, j must have, in very many instances, very debilitating fects. Good, pure air is one of the absolute requisites general good health. Stoves generally, and anthrac coal in small or close rooms, both work a portion of t debility and also of the dejection and low spirits whi are common, and are, we think, on the increase. Consumption. — Mr Adams Mott gives the follow! statement in the Maine Farmer: — "A friend of mil who resides in Industry, in this State, told me his w was sick of what the doctors call consumption. S was visited by five physicians, who gave her over. S was very sick — was unable to set up — had a sevi cough — and grew no better, but rather worse. She collected that she had before received benefit from t use of St. Johnswort : her husband procured some it — it was steeped, and she made it her constant drir For four or five days there appeared to be but little al ration; but afier this, she grew belter very fast; a her health was so much improved, that in the coi six or eight weeks she was able to resume ber custon ry occupations." Man is an embodied paradox, a bundle of contrad lions; and as some set-off against the marvellous thin that he has dono, we might fairly adduce the monstro things that he has Wieserf. The more gross the frat the more glibly will it go down, and the more greedi will it be swallowed — since folly will always find fai wherever impostors will find impudence. — Lacon. ^•01.. XXI. NO. 34. AND HORTICULTURAL REGISTER 191 MASS. HORTICULTURAL SOCIETY. NOTICE. .The Coininitle« on Vegetables, are hereby notified that there will he a meeting ut the Horticultural Rooms, on SATURDAY next, at half-past 10 o'clock. Dec. U SAMUEL POND, Chairman. TllERMOMKTRtCAL Rttptiried forihe New England Farmer. U.in^of the riietmometerat the (lardenof the proprietors if tilt New England Farmer, Llrighton, Mnea. in a shaded lortiierlycuposure, foriheweek ending Dec. 11. Dec. 1842. | 7,A.M. | 12, M. | S.P.ftlTf Wind. Monday, luesdav, •Ve.lnesday, Thursday, 'rilav, Saturday, iund.iy, 5 36 45 6 23 26 7 21 29 8| 26 34 9! 34 27 o| 25 23 1 1 22 32 3J E. N. W. N. N. E. N. N. N. URIUHTON MARKET.— MoKDAT, Dec. 10, 1842. SeponedfortheNew England Farmer. At Market 820 Beef Cattle, 100 Stores, 2800 Sheep od 1550 Swine. Prices. — Beef Cattle. Last week's prices were fully jstained, viz: We quote few extra $4 50. First qual- y, $4 00 a 4 25. Second quality, $3 50 a 3 75. Third aality, $2 75 a 3 25. Barrelling Cattle.— Mess $3 75. No 1, $2 50. Sheep — Lots were sold fromC7c. to $1 75. Wethers om $1 T5 to 2 75. Sicinc. — Sales brisk at low prices. Lots to peddle, 3-8 a 2 1-2 for sows, and 3 3-8 a 3 1-2 for barrow. • retail from 3 to 4 1-9. Sales of fleece to a considerable extent have been m.ide during the week, in some instances at a reduction ironi re- tail prices. Prime or Saxony Fleeces, washed, lb. 37 a 40 c. — Amer- ican full Mood, (111 33 a 35--Do. 3-4 do 32 a 33— Do. l-2do 2i a 30-1-4 and common do 25 a 2'f — Smyrna Sheep, washed, 20 a 25— Do. unwashed, 10 a 13— Bensjasi do 8 a 10— Saxonj, clean, 00— Bueiuis Ayrcs iin|-.i(,l(ecl, 7 a 10— no. do. nickeil, 12 a 16— Superfine Northern pulled lamb 33 a 35— No. 1 do. do. do. 23 a 30— No. 2 do do do 20 a 22— No. 3 do do do — a —. HOPS. Duty 20 percent. Nothing doing that requires notice. About 75 bales came in from the country early in the week. 1st sort Mass. 1842, lb, 9 a 9 12. 2d do. do. do. 7a 7 1-2. HAY, per ton, SlG to 13— Eastern Screwed 812 to 13 CHEESE— Sliijiping and 4 meal, 6 to 8c.— New 9 to 11. EGGS, 18 a 20. POIIDRETTE I POUDRETTE I ! The subscribers keep constantly on hand and for s.ile, Poudrelie in quantities to suit purchasers ; packed in Bar- rels in order lor shipping, or transportation by wagon or Rail Road. The experience of five years ) ast has satisfied many larmers that this manure has the quickest operation upon vegetable mailer, producing greater abundance, and is the cheapest manure they have ever tried. Orderii left at the New England Seed Store, and at the factory in Rrookline, will meet with prompt attention. For salebyJ.BRECK&.CO,61 and 62 North Market St., Boston. Oct. 20. WHOLESALE PRICES CURRENT, Corrected Kith great care, weekly. iiEEDS. Herds Grass, $2 50 to 3 00 per bushel. Red Top, to 50 cents. Clover— Northern, OU to 12c.— Southern, 0 0 c. Klax Seed, SI 73 per bushel. Lucerne, 30 c.per lb. .nary Seed, S3 50 per bushel. 3RAIN. Duty, Corn, Rye and Beans, free ; Barley 20 r cent, ; Oats 20 per cent. Demand not large, but about equal to the supplies. IIorn-Northem. old, bushel 5S to 60— Southern, round low, old, 57 a 58 — Southern flat yellow, new, 51 a 53— do. while 50 a 51 — do New Orleans, on a 00— Barley a Rye, Northern, 72 a 73 —do. Southern, 62 a 65— ts. Southern, 27 a 23— Northern do. 30 to 32— Beans, per :hel 75 a 1 23.— Shorts, per double bush. — a ■ Bran ?LOUR. The past week has been a very dull one for ur. Baltimore, Howard Street, 4 mos. cr. $4 87 a 0 00 do. arf, so 00 a 0 UO do. free of garlic, S4 75 a 0 00 — Phila- phia do. 4 mos. $4 75 a 0 00 —Fredericksburg, lowl'd 4 J. $4 73 a 0 00 — Alexandria, wharf mountain, —4 75 a -Georgetown, S5 00 a 5 23— Richmond Canal, 84 87 a 0 00 o. City, So 00 a 0 00— Pelersburgh, South side So 00 a 0 00 0. Country S4 73 a 0 00— Genesee, common, cash, S4 84 a ■ do fancy brands S5 12 a 6 25 — Ohio via Canal, I 5 00- do do New Orleans, cash S4 75 a 0 00. Rye' I 0 00— Indiai Meal in bbls. S2 73 a 3 00. ' ROVISIONS. The stock of Beef is comparatively Jl, and some of the largest holders are asking higher es. eef— Mess 4 luo. new hbl. $7 60 a 8 00— Navy — $7 00 a .—No. 1, 5 00 a 6 00— do Prime S3 50 a 4 00— Pork ra clear 4 mo. bbl. 3 11 60 a 00 00— do Clear Si 0 50 a 1 1 00 Mess, 8 00 a 8 50— do Prime S5 00 a 6 00— do Mess 1 other States, — a — — do Prime do do So oo a 0 00 Cargo do. 0 a 0 00 Clear do do SOO 00 a 00 00— ler, shipping, 6 a 8— do store, uninspected, 8 a 10 do y, 12 a 15,— Lard, No. 1, Boston ins. 7 a 7^ — do :hand Western, 6 3-4 a 7 1-2. Hams, Boston, 7 a7 1-2— hern and Western, 6 a 7— Cheese, Ship'g and 4 meal i — do new milk, 7 a 0. ' OOL. Duty. The value whereof at the place of ex- atioB shall not exceed 7 cts. per pound, free. All where- le Talue exceeds 7 cts. per pound, 30 per ct. ad, val. and I per pound. CORN SHELiLERS. A Corn sheller is one of the most convenient and labor saving implements that the practical farmer has in use. Various machines for ibis purpose have been invented. It can be used in all cases for large or small sizt'd ears. It is very simple in its construction, and durable in its operation, and no way liable to get of order ; one man can work it to good advantage, though a man to turn, and a boy to feed il, works it much better than one alone. They are so light and portable, as to be easily removed from place to pla~ce, and one machine will serve for several families or even the in- habitants of a small town. Willis's Impboved Double Operating Corn Shel- ler.— The most perfect and substantial article that has been introduced for the purpose ; this machine can be worked by hand, or any other power, and will shell two ears of corn at the same time; they are highly approved by all that have used them. For sale by J. BRECK & CO., No. 51 and 52 North Mark- et street. JAVA AND MALAY FOWLS FOR SALE. The subscriber has a few pairs of the Java and Malay Chickens to diS)>ose of; they are very fine and of large growth Price S3 per pair. JOHN GILES. Providence, R. I. Nov. 30 3w WILLIS'S LATEST IMPROVED VEGETABLE CUTTER. HOWARD'S IMPROVED EASY DRAUGHT PLOUGH. Great improvemenis have been made the past year in the form and workmanship of these Ploughs; the mould beard has been so formed as to lay the furrow completely oner, turn, ng m every particle of grass or stul^ble, and Leaving the ground in the best possible manner. The length of ihe mould board has hf n very much increased, so that the Plough works with the greatest ease, bolh with respect to the holding and the team. The Committee at the late trial ol Ploughs at Worcester, say, " ^'"'fl'' °"'' "P'"'"" ''<= ^sked as to which of the Ploughs we should prefer for use on a farm, we might perhaps say lo the inquirer, if your land is mostly light and easy to work, try Prouly & Mears, but if your land is heavy, hard orrookv BEGiK WITH Mb. Howard's." At the above me!;tioned trial the Howard Plough did more work, with the same power of team, than any other plough exhibited. No other turned more than twenlysc/eo and one half inches, lo the 112 lbs. draught, while Ihe Howard Plough turned twentynine and one'half inches to the same power of team ! All acknowledge that Howard's Ploughs are much the strongest and most substantially made. ' ■There has been quite an improvement made on the shoe, or land side of this Plough, which can be renewed without liaving to furnish a new landsidei this shoe likewise secures the mould board and landside together, and strengthens the riough very much. The price of the Ploughs is from S6 to S|5. A Hough sufftcienl for lireaking up with four cattle, will cost about »10 fiO, and with cutler Si, with wheel and cutter, 82 60 extra. ' The above Ploughs are for sale, wholesale and retail, at the New England Agricultural Warehouse and Seed Store Nos. 51 & 52 North Market Street, by ' JOSKPH BRECK & CO. April 20 GRINDSTONES ON »-RICTION ROLLERS. This machine surpasses all others for the purpose of cut- ting Ruta Baga. Mangel Wurtzel, and other roots. The great objection to other machines, is their cutting the roots into slices, which makes il almost impossible for the cattle lo get hold of them : this machine wilh a little alteration, cuts them into large or small pieces, of such shape as is most convenient for the cattle to eal. It will cut with ease from one to two bushels of roots per minute. For sale by J. BKECK & CO., Nos. 51 anil 52 North Market st. SPLENDID BULBOL'S FLOWER ROOTS. Just received by JOSEPH BRECK & CO., from Hoi- land, a very large and well selected assortment of Dutch Bulbous Roots, among which are ihe following. Hyacinths— OoMh\e while, double rosy, double red, dark blue, light blue, light blue and yellow, single white, white with red and purple eye rosy, pink, light and dark blue, com- prising 150 varieties of choice named sorts. Tu/ips- Fine late named sorts, fine double do., mixed single, mixed double, single and double, Van Throll for forc- ing. Parrots, &c. &c. Crown Imperials, double red and yellow, single red and yellow, &c. &c- &c. Polyanthus Narcissus, Narcissus, Jonquilles, Ranauculus, Anemones, Iris, Crocuses of all colors and varieties, Glad- iolus, Lilies, Paeonies, &c. &c. For sale by JOSEPH BRECK & CO., No 61 and 58 North Market st. Oct. 26 Grindstones of different sizes, hung on friction rollera and moved wilh a foot treader, is lound lo be a great improve- ment on the old mode of hanging grindstones. Stones hung in this manner are becoming daily more in use, and wherever used, give universal satisfaction. The rollers can be attach- ed to stones hung in the common way. For sale by J. BRECK &. Co., No. 61 North Market street. SEED BEANS. The subscribers will pay cash for the following Beans, vix: China Dwarf, Dwarf (Jaseknife, Horticultural, Early Mo- hawk, and Thousand to One. They must be clean and purs J. BRECK & CO. 61 and 62 North Market st. BobIod Oct. 12. 19^ NEW ENGLAND FARMER. DEC. 14, l>-i MISCELLANEOUS TEMPERANCE WATCHWORD. TusEs—BroonjJidd. Bcllville. Bost. Acad. Coll. Hark, now we answer, see we come, We come at froetlom's holy call : We come, we coino, we come, we cume, To do the glorious work of all : And hark ! we raise from sea to sea, The temp'rance watch-word. Liberty. God is our guide, from field and wave. From plough, from anvil and from loom, We come, our countrymen to save. And speak a heartless tyrant's doom ; And hark ! &c. We see the curse invade our land ; We hear the sufferers call for aid ; We come to lend a helping hand. And break the bonds strong drink has made. And hark, &c. We draw not the devouring sword. Nor war's destructive fires we light, By reason and the living word Of God, we put our foes to flight. And hark, &c. We bring rich blessings in our train, And spread them with a liberal hand ; We wipe away the guilty stain Of drunkenness from off our land. And hark, &e. We come the cottage to repair, And give back comforts banish'd long, To spread the board with ample fare, And tune afresh the cheerful song. And hark, &c. We bid the dying drunkard live, To his parched lips the cup we bring, We burst his fetters, and we give .Him rest beside our crystal spring. And hark, &c. We come with tidings from above, Good will and peace to men on earth ; We come to tell a Saviour's love. And fill the soul with heavenly mirth; We raise the watchword liberty, And call on all men to be free. THE MAN WHO WAS ALWAYS TOO LATE. I had an appointment one morning with a Mr Benj. Hind, wlio always signs his letters " B Hind," and certainly a more appropriate signature was nev- er known. I waited from twelve o'clock, the hour mentioned, until near two, before he came, and 1 gently hinted to Mr B Hind, how much he was behind his time. II My dear sir," said he, "you may tliink it strange, but I had the misfortune to be born half an hour too late, and though I 've been in a bustle ever since, I have never, with all my industry, been able to bring up the'loat time." " Indeed ! how so ?" " Why listen, and I'll conviuoe you that in my appointment with you, I have only been keeping up the part allotted me by fate, even before I was born. My grandfather had two daughters who were both married on the same day. He had made his will, and then read it to them. By it, he bequeath- ed the whole of his property, £20,000, to that daughter who was first blessed with a eon. With such a sum in perspective, who would not wish for a child? And my mother no sooner found that such a result was probable, than my delighted fath- er engaged the doctor and nurse, and baby linen was Tmrnediately prepared ; there was, however, one drawback to his joy — my mother'a sister had similar expectations. " The momentous hour at length arrived, 'big with the fate of £30,000. At eight o'clock in the morning I came into 'this breathing world,' but my fortunate rival at half past seven — and thus 1 was too late, because he was before me. " My parents, disappointed in their expectations of wealth, cared' little about me, and I was suffered to run wild till eleven years of age, when they sent me to school. The young urchins laughed to see a great boy, or booby, as they called me, spelling his a b, ab, and so teazed me during the few months I stayed, that a dunce I remained — a sad proof that I had gone to school too late. " At length my father procured me a berth on board an Indiaman. I was rigged out— my stores sent to the vessel— I parted with my parents with- out regret, for they loved me too late— ■passed two days in London— left in the evening— travelled all ni^ht to Portsmouth, and to my consternation found'the ship had sailed the day before— of course, I was loo late. " My father thought then the best plan to settle me would be by matrimony, and I was introduced to a young lady who possessed both beauty and money, but she had another suitor. However, her father and mine agreed upon the wedding day— the ring was bought, and every thing arranged. To keep the matter private, I was to meet her at the church. Unluckily, I overslept myself by the hla\ half hour — I arrived at the church doors just in time to see my intended bride walking out as the wife of my rival ! I was too late, and remain- ed B Hind solus. "In short, I was born too late, educated too late I can't say I was settled too late, because I have never been settled at all — I can 't keep a lodging, for all my landladies say I come home too late — then I am unfit for business, because 1 get up too late if 1 go to the play I 'm too late — whether I have to 'buy or sell, I'm always too late — and I verily believe, that if I were going to be hanged, I should come to the scaffold half an hour too late. I am called the late Mr B Hind, and, true to the cognomen, I am always behind." — JV. Y. JVews. AaRICUl.TCR/l.Ii IMPliBMESTS, &o The Proprietors of the New England Agricultural Wa house and Seed Store No. 51 and 62 Norlh JVlarliel sire would inform their customers and the puhlic ijenerally tt they have on hand Ihe most extensive asBiiitmenl ut Ag cultuial and Horticultural Tools to lie found in the Unii States. Part of which are the folic— ■ 1000 Howard's Patent Cast Iron Ploughs.

https://github.com/BloomBooks/BloomLibrary2/blob/master/src/components/LanguageFeatureList.tsx

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

BloomLibrary2

BloomBooks

TSX

Code

// this engages a babel macro that does cool emotion stuff (like source maps). See https://emotion.sh/docs/babel-macros import css from "@emotion/css/macro"; // these two make the css prop work on react elements import { jsx } from "@emotion/core"; /** @jsx jsx */ import React, { useState } from "react"; import { IBasicBookInfo } from "../connection/LibraryQueryHooks"; import { getFeaturesAvailableForOneLanguageOfBook, featureIconHeight, } from "./FeatureHelper"; import { getUniqueLanguages } from "./LanguageLink"; import { useTheme } from "@material-ui/core"; import TruncateMarkup from "react-truncate-markup"; import { getDisplayNamesForLanguage } from "../model/Language"; import { commonUI } from "../theme"; interface IProps { basicBookInfo: IBasicBookInfo; } // Displays a list of the languages of the book. For each language it shows its autonym, // and if that is different from its English name it shows the English name, too. // Then, if any of the language-dependent features occur in the book for that language, it shows // the appropriate icon. // Currently the list is truncated at about two lines high. We may want to make that configurable. // Enhance: consider truncating more cleanly after the last language name that fits, // and showing some indication that there are more (ideally, a count of how many more). export const LanguageFeatureList: React.FunctionComponent<IProps> = (props) => { const theme = useTheme(); // Figure out what to show in the language list area. // It's a mix of simple text nodes and possibly feature icons. const uniqueLanguages = getUniqueLanguages(props.basicBookInfo.languages); function getLanguageElements(showOneNamePerLanguage: boolean) { const languageElements: any[] = []; for (const language of uniqueLanguages) { const languageDisplayNames = getDisplayNamesForLanguage(language); languageElements.push( showOneNamePerLanguage ? languageDisplayNames.primary : languageDisplayNames.combined ); // Looking for features that the book has with this language code attached, // such as talkingBook:en const langFeatures = getFeaturesAvailableForOneLanguageOfBook( props.basicBookInfo.features, language.isoCode ); // Now make the actual icons, one for each langFeature that occurs for // the current language. for (const feature of langFeatures) { languageElements.push( feature.icon({ key: language.isoCode + feature.featureKey, fill: theme.palette.secondary.main, style: { height: featureIconHeight + "px", width: featureIconHeight + "px", marginLeft: "2px", }, }) ); } languageElements.push(", "); } languageElements.pop(); // remove last separator (if any) return languageElements; } const [languageElementsDisplay, setLanguageElementsDisplay] = useState< Array<string | JSX.Element> >(getLanguageElements(false)); return ( <div css={css` color: ${commonUI.colors.minContrastGray}; font-size: 9pt; margin-top: auto; padding: 3px; overflow: hidden; `} > <TruncateMarkup lines={2} // Per the docs: // To prevent infinite loops, onTruncate callback gets called only after the // initial run (on mount), any subsequent props/children updates will trigger a recomputation, // but onTruncate won't get called for these updates. onTruncate={(wasTruncated: boolean) => { if (wasTruncated) { // If the normal list which includes autonyms gets truncated, // replace it with a list which has one name per language. setLanguageElementsDisplay(getLanguageElements(true)); } }} > <span>{languageElementsDisplay}</span> </TruncateMarkup> </div> ); };

https://joomla.stackexchange.com/questions/15029

StackExchange

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Stack Exchange

https://joomla.stackexchange.com/users/1538, jonboy

English

Spoken

What steps shoud I include in a health check on an existing Joomla website I am being asked to look after? I am sometimes asked to adopt orphaned Joomla websites when the original service provider is no longer able or available to do so. What steps should I include in a health check before agreeing to take on this responsibility? Have a read of this http://joomla.stackexchange.com/questions/15009/site-clean-up-tips This is a risk when you don't know how the previous programmer developed the website. First of all check all extensions installed and if they are updated. If not, check if the extension has an available update and it's still supported... alternatively look for a similar extension to switch with. Check also the template version (responsive?) and if it contains lot of overrides... In general you should adopt the website only if the owner understand that the website must be kept updated and it could require spending something on upgrading or buying new extension.

https://github.com/panglove/mycryto/blob/master/node_modules/@unstoppabledomains/resolution/build/zns/utils.d.ts

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

mycryto

panglove

TypeScript

Code

/** * All functionality below came from here https://github.com/Zilliqa/Zilliqa-JavaScript-Library/tree/dev/packages/zilliqa-js-crypto/src */ /** * toChecksumAddress * * takes hex-encoded string and returns the corresponding address * * @param {string} address * @returns {string} */ export declare const toChecksumAddress: (address: string) => string; /** * toBech32Address * * Encodes a canonical 20-byte Ethereum-style address as a bech32 zilliqa * address. * * The expected format is zil1<address><checksum> where address and checksum * are the result of bech32 encoding a Buffer containing the address bytes. * * @param {string} 20 byte canonical address * @returns {string} 38 char bech32 encoded zilliqa address */ export declare function toBech32Address(address: string, testnet?: boolean): string; /** * fromBech32Address * * @param {string} address - a valid Zilliqa bech32 address * @returns {string} a canonical 20-byte Ethereum-style address */ export declare function fromBech32Address(address: string, testnet?: boolean): string;

https://github.com/ridhoNuesto/una/blob/master/cache/bx_templ_en_protean_d7582bc3c8dfaf522244e5b6aff8b74f.php

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

una

ridhoNuesto

PHP

Code

<div class="bx-dev-menu-main"> <div class="bx-dev-mm-cnt"> <ul class="bx-menu-ver"> <?php if(is_array($a['bx_repeat:menu_items'])) for($i=0; $i<count($a['bx_repeat:menu_items']); $i++){ ?> <li class="bx-def-round-corners bx-def-margin-sec-bottom <?php echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['class_add'];?>"> <a href="<?php echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['link'];?>" target="<?php echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['target'];?>" onclick="<?php echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['onclick'];?>" title="<?php echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['title'];?>"> <div class="bx-dev-mm-item"> <?php if($a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['bx_if:icon']['condition']){ ?> <img src="http://localhost/una/modules/boonex/developer/template/images/icons/mi-empty.png" /> <i class="sys-icon <?php echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['bx_if:icon']['content']['icon'];?> bx-def-margin-sec-right"></i> <?php } ?> <?php if($a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['bx_if:image']['condition']){ ?><img src="<?php echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items'][$i]['bx_if:image']['content']['icon_url'];?>" /><?php } ?> </div> </a> </li> <?php } else if(is_string($a['bx_repeat:menu_items'])) echo $a['bx_repeat:menu_items']; ?> <div class="bx-clear"></div> </ul> </div> </div> <script language="javascript"> $(document).ready(function () { $('.bx-menu-ver > li.bx-menu-tab-active').not('.bx-def-color-bg-active').addClass('bx-def-color-bg-active'); }); </script>

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17008823

Wikidata

Semantic data

CC0

1935 Katanning state by-election

None

Multilingual

Semantic data

1935 Katanning state by-election 1935 Katanning state by-election instance of by-election 1935 Katanning state by-election country Australia 1935 Katanning state by-election Freebase ID /m/0sgf_6v 1935 Katanning state by-election point in time 1935

US-55719504-A_2

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

2. A pressure control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said magnetic field-applying means is formed by an excitation coil, and said magnetic field-applying means has a predetermined direct current supplied thereto in a state where the pressure detected by said pressure-detecting means is equal to a predetermined value, to thereby apply a predetermined magnetic field, and has an amount of the direct current supplied thereto controlled by said control section, to thereby have a strength of the magnetic field controlled. 3. A pressure control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said magnetostrictive element section comprises a magnetostrictive element the length of which is adjusted according to the strength of the magnetic field applied by said magnetic field-applying means, and a permanent magnet disposed between at least one of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod and said magnetostrictive element to apply a bias magnetic field along the direction of the axis to said magnetostrictive element. 4. A rotation drive mechanism comprising a drive source, a rotating rod for transmitting torque from said drive source to a work, and a pressure control apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said rotating rod comprises the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod, and wherein said magnetostrictive element section is disposed between the respective one ends of the first and second rotating rods. 5. A rotation drive mechanism comprising a drive source, a rotating rod for transmitting torque from said drive source to a work, and a pressure control apparatus according to claim 2, wherein said rotating rod comprises the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod, and wherein said magnetostrictive element section is disposed between the respective one ends of the first and second rotating rods. 6. A rotation drive mechanism comprising a drive source, a rotating rod for transmitting torque from said drive source to a work, and a pressure control apparatus according to claim 3, wherein said rotating rod comprises the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod, and wherein said magnetostrictive element section is disposed between the respective one ends of the first and second rotating rods. 7. A pressure control apparatus comprising: a generally columnar magnetostrictor disposed between respective one ends of a first rotating rod and a second rotating rod, wherein the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod are arranged on generally a same axis such that the one ends thereof are generally opposed to each other, the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod connected to each other such that the opposed one ends are generally unrotatable relative to each other but at the same time are movable toward and away from each other along the axis, the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod being rotatable about the axis in unison with each other in a state where the other ends thereof are generally restricted in movement along a direction of the axis; a spring configured to urge the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod to cause them to be closer to each other to bring the respective one ends of the rotating rods into contact with respective ends of said magnetostrictor, respectively; a magnetic field applier configured to generate a magnetic field for use in adjusting a length of said magnetostrictor along the direction of the axis, to apply the magnetic field to said magnetostrictor; a pressure detector configured to detect pressure generated in the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod in the general direction of the axis; and a controller configured to control the pressure detected by said pressure detector such that the pressure is generally constant, by controlling a strength of the magnetic field applied by said magnetic field applier to adjust the length of said magnetostrictor. 8. The pressure control apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said magnetic field applier comprises excitation coil, and said magnetic field applier has a predetermined direct current supplied thereto in a state where the pressure detected by said pressure detector is equal to a predetermined value, to apply a predetermined magnetic field, and has an amount of the direct current supplied thereto controlled by said controller, to control a strength of the magnetic field. 9. The pressure control apparatus according to claim 7, wherein said magnetostrictor comprises: a magnetostrictive section, a length of which is adjustable according to strength of the magnetic field applied by said magnetic field applier; and a permanent magnet disposed between at least one of the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod and said magnetostrictive section to apply a bias magnetic field along the direction of the axis to said magnetostrictive section. 10. A rotation drive mechanism comprising a drive source, a rotating rod for transmitting torque from said drive source to a work, and a pressure control apparatus according to claim 7, wherein: said rotating rod comprises the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod; and said magnetostrictor is disposed between the respective one ends of the first and second rotating rods. 11. A rotation drive mechanism comprising a drive source, a rotating rod for transmitting torque from said drive source to a work, and a pressure control apparatus according to claim 8, wherein: said rotating rod comprises the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod; and said magnetostrictor is disposed between the respective one ends of the first and second rotating rods. 12. A rotation drive mechanism comprising a drive source, a rotating rod for transmitting torque from said drive source to a work, and a pressure control apparatus according to claim 9, wherein: said rotating rod comprises the first rotating rod and the second rotating rod; and said magnetostrictor is disposed between the respective one ends of the first and second rotating rods..

cu31924024782975_2

US-PD-Books

Open Culture

Public Domain

The marine mammals of the north-western coast of North America, described and illustrated; together with an account of the American whale-fishery

None

English

Spoken

The first streak of dawn is the signal for lowering the boats, all pulling for the head- waters, where the whales are expected to be found. As soon as one is seen, the officer who first discovers it sets a “ waif” (a small flag) in his boat, and gives chase. Boats belonging to other vessels do not interfere, but go in search of other whales. When pursuing, great care is taken to keep behind, and a short distance from the animal, until it is driven to the extremity of the lagoon, or into shoal water; then the men in the nearest boats spring to their oars in the exciting race, and the animal, swimming so near the bottom, has its progress impeded, thereby giving its pursuers a decided advantage: although occasionally it will sud- denly change its course, or “dodge,” which frequently prolongs the chase for hours, disposed of. The quantity found in any one we are convinced that mussels have been found individual would not exceed a barrelful. in the maws of the California Grays; but as From the testimony of several whaling-men yet, from our own observations, we have not whom we regard as interested and careful ob- been able to establish the fact of what their servers, together with our own investigations, principal sustenance consists. MazineE MAMMALS. — 4. 26 MARINE MAMMALS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST. the boats cutting through the water at their utmost speed. At other times, when the cub is young and weak, the movements of the mother are sympathetically It is rare that the dam will When within “darting distance” (sixteen suited to the necessities of her dependent offspring. forsake her young one, when molested. or eighteen feet), the boat-steerer darts the harpoons, and if the whale is struck As soon as the boat is fast, the officer goes into the head,* and watches a favorable it dashes about, lashing the water into foam, oftentimes staving the boats. opportunity to shoot a bomb-lance. Should this enter a vital part and explode, it kills instantly, but it is not often this good luck occurs; more frequently two or three bombs are shot, which paralyze the animal to some extent, when the boat is hauled near enough to use the hand-lance. After repeated thrusts, the whale becomes sluggish in its motions; then, going “close to,’ the hand-lance is set into its ‘life,’ which completes the capture. The animal rolls over on its side, with fins extended, and dies without a struggle. Sometimes it will circle around within a small compass, or take a zigzag course, heaving its head and flukes above the water, and will either roll over, ‘‘fin out,’ or die under water and sink to the bottom. Thus far we have spoken principally of the females, as they are femnd.in, the lagoons. Mention has been made, however, of that general habit, common to both male and female, of keeping near the shore in making the passage between their northern and southern feeding-grounds. This fact becoming known, and the bomb- guny coming into use, the mode of capture along the outer coast was changed. The whaling parties first stationed themselves in their boats at the most favorable points, where the thickest beds of kelp were found, and there lay in wait watching for a good chance to shoot the whales as they passed. This was called ‘kelp whaling.” The first year or two that this pursuit was practiced, many of the animals * Whalemen call the forward part of a whale- boat the head, differing from merchantmen, who term it the bow; still, the oar next to the for- ward one in a whale-boat is named the bow- oar. And, likewise, when the boat is hauled close up to the whale by heaving the line out of the ‘“‘bow-chocks,” and taking it to one side against a cleat which is placed a few feet aft of the extreme bow, it is called ‘‘bowing- on.” ¢ The bomb-gun is made of iron, stock and all. It is three feet long, the barrel of which is twenty-three inches in length; diameter of bore, one and one-eighth of an inch; weight, twenty-four pounds. It shoots a bomb-lance twenty-one and a half inches long, and of a size to fit the bore. It is pointed at the end, with sharpened edges, in order to cut its way through the fibrous fat and flesh, and is guided by three elastic feathers, which are attached along the fuse tube, folding around it when in the barrel. The gun is fired from the shoulder, in the same way as a musket. For illustration, see plate xxiii. THE CALIFORNIA GRAY WHALE. 27 passed through or along the edge of the kelp, where the gunners chose their own distance for a shot. This method, however, soon excited the suspicions of these sagacious creatures. At first, the ordinary whale-boat was used, but the keen- eyed ‘‘Devil-fish” soon found what would be the consequence of getting too near the long, dark-looking object, as it lay nearly motionless, only rising and falling with one man to scull and another with the rolling swell. A very small boat to shoot—was then used, instead of the whale-boat. This proved successful for a time, but, after a few successive seasons, the animals passed farther seaward, and at the present time the boats usually anchor outside the kelp. The mottled fish being scen approaching far enough off for the experienced gunner to judge nearly where the animal will ‘break water,” the boat is sculled to that place, to await the ba “rising.” If the whale ‘‘shows a good chance,” it is frequently killed instantly, and sinks to the bottom, or receives its death-wound by the bursting of the bomb- lance. Consequently, the stationary position or slow movement of the animal enables the whaler to get a harpoon into it before sinking. To the harpoon a lne is attached, with a buoy, which indicates the place where the dead creature lies, should it go to the bottom. Then, in the course of twenty-four hours, or in less time, it rises to the surface, and is towed to the shore, the blubber taken off and tried out in pots set for that purpose upon the beach. Another mode of capture is by ships cruising off the land and sending their boats inshore toward the line of kelp; and, as the whales work to the southward, the boats, being provided with extra large sails, the whalemen take advantage of the strong northerly winds, and, running before the breeze, sail near enough to be able to dart the hand-harpoon into the fish. ‘Getting fast” in this way, it is killed in deep water, and, if inclined to sink, it can be held up by the boats till the ship comes up, when a large “fluke-rope” is made fast, or the “fin-chain” is secured to one fin, the ‘‘cutting-tackle” hooked, and the whale “cut in” immedi- ately. This mode is called ‘‘sailing them down.” Still another way of catching them is with ‘“Greener’s Harpoon Gun,” which is similar to a small swivel-gun. It is of one and a half inch bore, three feet long in the barrel, and, when stocked, weighs seventy-five pounds. The harpoon, four feet and a half long, is projected with considerable accuracy to any distance under eighty-four yards. The gun is mounted on the bow of the boat. A variety of manceuvres are practiced when using the weapon: at times the boat lying at anchor, and, again, drifting about for a chance-shot. When the animal is judged to be ten fathoms off, the gun is pointed eighteen inches below the back; if fifteen fathoms, eight or ten inches below; if eighteen or twenty fathoms distant, the gun is sighted at the top of its back. 28 MARINE MAMMALS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST. Still another strategic plan has been practiced with successful results, called ‘whaling along the breakers.” Mention has been already made of the habit which these whales have of playing about the breakers at the mouths of the lagoons. This, the watchful eye of the whaler was quick to see, could be turned to his advantage. After years of pursuit by waylaying them around the beds of kelp, the wary animals learned to shun these fatal regions, making a wide deviation in their course to enjoy their sports among the rollers at the lagoons’ mouths, as they passed them either way. But the civilized whaler anchors his boats as near the roaring surf as safety will permit, and the unwary ‘‘Mussel-digger” that comes in reach of the deadly harpoon, or bomb-lance, is sure to pay the penalty with its life. If it come within darting distance, it is harpooned; and, as the stricken animal makes for the open sea, it is soon in deep water, where the pursuer makes his capture with comparative ease; or if passing within range of the bomb-gun, one of the explosive missiles is planted in its side, which so paralyzes the whale that the fresh boat’s-crew, who have been resting at anchor, taking to their oars, soon overtake and dispatch it. The casualties from coast and kelp whaling are nothing to be compared with the accidents that have been experienced by those engaged in taking the females in the lagoons. Hardly a day passes but there is upsetting or staving of boats, the crews receiving bruises, cuts, and, in many instances, having limbs broken; and repeated accidents have happened in which men have been instantly killed, or received mortal injury. The reasons of the increased dangers are these: the quick and deviating movements of the animal, its unusual sagacity, and the fact of the sandy bottom being continually stirred by the strong currents, making it difficult to see an object at any considerable depth. When a whale is “struck” at sea, there is generally but httle difficulty in keeping clear. When first irritated by the har- poon, it attempts to escape by “running,” or descending to the depths below, taking out more or less line, the direction of which, and the movements of the boat, indicate the animal’s whereabouts. But in a lagoon, the object of pursuit is in narrow passages, where frequently there is a swift tide, and the turbid water pre- vents the whaler from seeing far beneath the boat. Should the chase be made with the current, the fugitive sometimes stops suddenly, and the speed of the boat, together with the influence of the running water, shoots it upon the worried animal when it is dashing its flukes in every direction. The whales that are chased have with them their young cubs, and the mother, in her efforts to avoid the pursuit of herself and offspring, may momentarily lose sight of her little one. Instantly she oe, Wah ee “HONWO L'dIVIS 01 CHHIVILV F3N¥T 9 4SVLS 01 GHHOVTAWY NOOAMWHG AGO H‘NOOAIVH TO MAIN TOGTE TINVI JO MaIA TOCT CMV TOS'2 CIHOVLLV ANTI HLIM. (WH NOOTHVH | ‘SLNAWITIWT ONITVHM CNY SONV9 ONITVHM SNVIGNI LSAM HLYON JP DP UAUMMEIO YW} HS Fa 8 UO YET f ( UG CM Hi rN AD 181g THE CALIFORNIA GRAY WHALE. 29 will stop and ‘‘sweep”’ around in search, and if the boat~comes in contact with her, it is quite sure to be staved. Another danger is, that in darting the lance at the mother, the young one, in its gambols, will get in the way of the weapon, and receive the wound, instead of the intended victim. Sometimes the calf is fastened to instead of the cow. In such instances the mother may have been an old frequenter of the ground, and been before chased, and perhaps have suffered from a previous attack, so that she is far more difficult to capture, staving the boats and escaping after receiving repeated wounds. One instance occurred in Magdalena Lagoon, in 1857, where, after several boats had been staved, they being near the beach, the men in those remaining afloat managed to pick up their swimming comrades, and, in the meantime, to run the line to the shore, hauling the calf into as shallow water as would float the dam, she keeping near her troubled young one, giving the gunner a good chance for a shot with his bomb-gun from the beach. A similar instance occurred in Scammon’s Lagoon, in 1859. The testimony of many whaling-masters furnishes abundant proof that these whales are possessed of unusual sagacity. Numerous contests with them have proved that, after the loss of their cherished offspring, the enraged animals have given chase to the boats, which only found security by escaping to shoal water or to shore. After evading the civilized whaler and his instruments of destruction, and per- haps while they are suffering from wounds received in their southern haunts, these migratory animals begin their northern journey. The mother, with her young grown to half the size of maturity, but wanting in strength, makes the best of her way along the shores, avoiding the rough sea by passing between or near the rocks and islets that stud the points and capes. But scarcely have the poor creatures quitted their southern homes before they are surprised by the Indians about the Strait of Juan de Fuca, Vancouver and Queen Charlotte’s Islands. Like enemies in ambush, these glide in canoes from island, bluff, or bay, rushing upon their prey with whoop and yell, launching their instruments of torture, and like hounds worry- ing the last life-blood from their vitals. The capture having been effected, trains of canoes tow the prize to shore in triumph. The whalemen among the Indians of the North-west Coast are those who delight in the height of adventure, and who are ambitious of acquiring the greatest reputation among their fellows. Those among them who could boast of killing a whale, formerly had the most exalted mark of 30 MARINE MAMMALS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST. honor conferred upon them by a cut across the nose; but this custom is no longer observed. The Indian whaling-canoe is thirty-five feet in length. Hight men make the crew, each wielding a paddle five and a half feet long. The whaling-gear consists of harpoons, lines, lances, and seal-skin buoys, all of their own workmanship. The cutting material of both lance and spear was formerly the thick part of a mussel- ? shell, or of the ‘“‘abelone ;” the line made from cedar withes, twisted into a three- strand rope. The buoys are fancifully painted, but those belonging to each boat have a distinguishing mark. The lance-pole, or harpoon-staff, made of the heavy wood of the yew-tree, is eighteen feet long, weighing as many pounds, and with the lance attached is truly a formidable weapon. Their whaling-grounds are limited, as the Indians rarely venture seaward far out of sight of the smoke from their cabins by day, or beyond view of their bon- fires at night. The number of canoes engaged in one of these expeditions is from two to five, the crews being taken from among the chosen men of the tribe, who, with silent stroke, can paddle the symmetrical canim close to the rippling water beside the animal; the bowman then, with sure aim, thrusts the harpoon into it, and heaves the line and buoys clear of the canoe. The worried creature may dive deeply, but very little time elapses before the inflated seal-skins are visible again. The instant these are seen, a buoy is elevated on a pole from the nearest canoe, by way of signal; then all dash, with shout and grunt, toward the object of pur- suit. Now the chase attains the highest pitch of excitement, for each boat being provided with implements alike, in order to entitle it to a full share of the prize its crew must lodge their harpoon in the animal, with buoys attached; so that, after the first attack is made, the strife that ensues to be next to throw the spear creates a scene of brawl and agility peculiar to these savage adventurers. At length the victim, becoming weakened by loss of blood, yields to a system of torture characteristic of its eager pursuers, and eventually, spouting its last blood from a lacerated heart, it writhes in convulsions and expires. Then the whole fleet of canoes assists in towing it to the shore, where a division is made, and all the inhabitants of the village greedily feed upon the fat and flesh till their appetites are satisfied. After the feast, what oil may be extracted from the remains is put into skins or bladders, and is an article of traffic with neighboring tribes or the white traders who occasionally visit them. These “whales of passage,” when arrived in the Arctic Ocean and Okhotsk Sea, are seen emerging between the scattered floes, and even forcing themselves through the field of ice, rising midway above the surface, and blowing in the same THE CALIFORNIA GRAY WHALE. 31 attitude in which they are frequently seen in the southern lagoons; at such times the combined sound of their respirations can be heard, in a calm day, for miles across the ice and water. But in those far northern regions, the animals are rarely pursued by the whale-ship’s boats: hence they rest in some degree of security; yet even there, the watchful Esquimaux steal upon them, and to their primitive weapons and rude processes the whale at last succumbs, and supplies food and substance for its captors. The Esquimaux whaling-boat, although to all appearance simple in its con- struction, will be found, after careful investigation, to be admirably adapted to the purpose, as well as for all other uses necessity demands. It is not only used to accomplish the more important undertaking, but in it they hunt the walrus, shoot game, and make their long summer-voyages about the coast, up the deep bays and long rivers, where they traffic with the interior tribes. When prepared for whaling, the boat is cleared of all passengers and useless incumbrances, nothing being allowed but the whaling-gear. Hight picked men make the crew.* Their boats are twenty-five to thirty feet long, and are flat on the bottom, with flaring sides and tapering ends. The framework is of wood, lashed together with the fibres of baleen and thongs of walrus-hide, the latter article being the covering, or plank- ing, to the boat. The implements are one or more harpoons, made of ivory, with a point of slate-stone or iron; a boat-mast, that serves the triple purpose of spreading the sail and furnishing the staff for the harpoon and lance; a large knife, and eight paddles. The knife lashed to the mast constitutes the lance. The boat being in readiness, the chase begins. As soon as the whale is seen and its course ascertained, all get behind it: not a word is spoken, nor will they take notice of a passing ship or boat, when once excited in the chase. All is silent and motionless until the spout is seen, when they instantly paddle toward it. The spouting over, every paddle is raised; again the spout is seen or heard through the fog, and again they spring to their paddles. In this manner the animal is approached near enough to throw the harpoon, when all shout at the top of their voices. This is said to have the effect of checking the animal’s way through the water, thus giving an opportunity to plant the spear in its body, with line and buoys attached. The chase continues in this wise until a number of weapons are firmly fixed, causing the animal much effort to get under water, and still more to remain down; so it soon rises again, and is attacked with renewed vigor. It is the *It is said by Captain Norton, who com- several years ago, that the women engage in the manded the ship Citizen, wrecked in the Arctic chase. bo MARINE MAMMALS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST. oo established custom with these simple natives, that the man who first effectually throws his harpoon, takes command of the whole party: accordingly, as soon as the animal becomes much exhausted, his baidarra is paddled near, and with surprising quickness he cuts a hole in its side sufficiently large to admit the knife and mast to which it is attached; then follows a course of cutting and piercing till death ensues, after which the treasure is towed to the beach in front of their huts, where it is divided, each member of the party receiving two ‘‘slabs of bone,” and a like proportion of the blubber and entrails; the owners of the canoes claiming what remains. The choice pieces for a dainty repast, with them, are the flukes, lips, and fins. The oil is a great article of trade with the interior tribes of ‘‘reindeer-men:” it is sold in skins of fifteen gallons each, a skin of oil being the price of a reindeer. The entrails are made into a kind of souse, by pickling them in a liquid extracted from a root that imparts an acrid taste: this preparation is a savory dish, as well as a preventive of the scurvy. The lean flesh supplies food for their dogs, the whole troop of the village gathering abot the carcass, fighting, feasting, and howl- ing, as only sledge-dogs can. Many of the marked habits of the California Gray are widely different from those of any other species of balena. It makes regular migrations from the hot southern latitudes to beyond the Arctic Circle; and in its passages between the extremes of climate it follows the general trend of an irregular coast so near that it is exposed to attack from the savage tribes inhabiting the sea-shores, who pass much of their time in the canoe, and consider the capture of this singular wanderer a feat worthy of the highest distinction. As it approaches the waters of the torrid zone, it presents an opportunity to the civilized whalemen—at sea, along the shore, and in the lagoons—to practice their different modes of strategy, thus hastening the time of its entire annihilation. This species of whale manifests the greatest affection for its young, and seeks the sheltered estuaries lying under a tropical sun, as if to warm its offspring into activity and promote comfort, until grown to the size Nature demands for its first northern visit. When the parent animals are attacked, they show a power of resistance and tenacity of life that distinguish them from all other Cetaceans. Many an expert whaleman has suffered in his encounters with them, and many a one has paid the penalty with his life. Once captured, however, this whale yields the coveted reward to its enemies, furnishing sustenance for the Hsquimaux whaler, from such parts as are of little value to others. The oil extracted from its fatty covering is exchanged with remote tribes for their fur- clad animals, of which the flesh affords the venders a feast of the choicest food, Plate V. ur Auth Britton + Aer 8, el CAMPO. S TAL, ris CALIFORNIA GRAYS AMONG THE lc a THE CALIFORNIA GRAY WHALE. 33 and the skins form an indispensable article of clothing. The North-west Indians realize the same comparative benefit from the captured animals as do the Hsqui- maux, and look forward to its periodical passage through their circumscribed fishing- grounds as a season of exploits and profit. The civilized whaler seeks the hunted animal farther seaward, as from year to year it learns to shun the fatal shore. None of the species are so constantly and variously pursued as the one we have endeavored to describe; and the large bays and lagoons, where these animals once congregated, brought forth and nurtured their young, are already nearly deserted. The mammoth bones of the California Gray lie bleaching on the shores of those silvery waters, and are scattered along the broken coasts, from Siberia to the Gulf of California; and ere long it may be questioned whether this mammal will not be numbered among the extinct species of the Pacific. MARINE MAMMALS.—5. CYLAPTER: i, THE FINBACK WHALE. BaLEnorrera VELIFERA, Cope. (Plate u, fig. 2.) Another species of the whale tribe is known as the Finback, or Finner, whose geographical distribution is as extended as that of the Sulphurbottom, and which ranks next to it in point of swiftness. One picked up by Captain Poole, of the bark Sarah Warren, of San Francisco, affords us the following memoranda: Length, sixty-five feet; thickness of blubber, seven to nine inches; yield of oil, seventy-five barrels; color of blubber, a clear white. Top of head quite as flat and straight as that of the Humpback. Baleen, the longest, two feet four inches; greatest width, thirteen inches; its color, a light lead, streaked with black, and its surface presents a ridgy appearance crosswise ; length of fringe to bone, two to four inches, and in size this may be compared to a cambric needle. A Balenoptera, which came on shore near the outer heads of the Golden Gate, gave us the opportunity of obtaining the following rough measurements : Ft. In. Dsen ti sieraco ceca vie eis a uals ens vt fe i deena stag ate Botte nae ca terete Sat ceell aa 60 00 Hromenibsend=to: pectoralsiaciananun so sen oulnnan epee kota eed hans nee ae 15 00 Prom -nib=end. 10. cormen-of. Mm OWtlins Neue M sachs teers perenne eee ecient 12 00 ROM DUD SEN OO y. Cis sisson 8 eats tx ectiaee aictetuas oet ei er a sS eee ag ena vada cea, 12 06 From notch.ot-caudal into. Senital siti sn. arn natdaeaiee shh a oe ee bee 21 00 Hrom notch: or-canudal sinrto vent... 2 iio cae a acne pone Sneak ee eee eta 19 06 Hix pansion Of-caucal sfines 2. + csent count narcen ata ee asi mca abe amet TAO te 14 00 Its side fins and flukes are in like proportion to the body as in the California Gray. Its throat and breast are marked with deep creases, or folds, similar to the Humpback. Color of back and sides, black or blackish-brown (in some individ- uals a curved band of lighter shade marks its upper sides, between the spiracles and pectorals) ; belly, a milky white. Its back fin is placed nearer to the caudal than the hump on the Humpback, and in shape approaches to a right-angled [34] Dn | THE FINBACK WHALL. (She) triangle, but rounded on the forward edge, curved on the opposite one; the longest side joins the back in some examples, and in others the anterior edge is the longest. The gular folds spread on each side to the pectorals, and extended half the length of the body. The habitual movements of the Finback in several points are peculiar. When it respires, the vaporous breath passes quickly through its spiracles, and when a fresh supply of air is drawn into the breathing system, a sharp and somewhat musical sound may be heard at a considerable distance, which is quite distinguish- able from that of other whales of the same genus. (We have observed the interval between the respirations of a large Vinback to be about seven seconds.) It fre- quently gambols about vessels at sea, in mid-ocean as well as close in with the coast, darting under them, or shooting swiftly through the water on either side; at one moment upon the surface, belching forth its quick, ringing spout, and the next instant submerging itself bencath the waves, as if enjoying a spirited race with the ship dashing along under a press of sail. In beginning the descent, it assumes a variety of positions: sometimes rolling over nearly on its side, at other times rounding, or perhaps heaving, its flukes out, and assuming nearly a perpendicular attitude. Frequently it remains on the surface, making a regular course and several uniform ‘‘blows.” Occasionally they congregate in schools of fifteen to twenty, or less. In this situation we have usually observed them going quickly through the water, several spouting at the same instant. Their uncertain movements, however —often showing themselves twice or thrice, then disappearing—and their swiftness, make them very difficult to capture. The results of several attempts to catch them were as follows: from the ship one was shot with a bomb-gun, which did its work so effectually, that although the boat was in readiness for instant lowering, before it got within darting distance the animal, in its dying contortions, ran foul of the ship, giving her a shock that was very sensibly felt by all on board, and lkewise a momentary heel of about two streaks. We had a good view of the under-side of the whale as it made several successive rolls before disappearing, and our obser- vations agreed with those noted on board the Sarak Warren in relation to color and the creases on throat and breast. The under-side of the fins was white also. At another time the whale died about ten fathoms under water, and after carefully hauling it up in sight, the “iron drawed, and away the dead animal went to the depths beneath.” Frequently we have “lowered” for single ones that were playing about the ship, but by the time the boats were in the water nothing more would be seen of them, or, if seen, they would be a long way off, and then disappear. An instance occurred in Monterey Bay, in 1865, of five being captured under 36 MARINE MAMMALS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST. the following circumstances: A ‘‘pod” of whales was seen in the offing, by the whalemen, from their shore station, who immediately embarked in their boats and gave chase. On coming up to them they were found to be Finbacks. One was harpooned, and, although it received a mortal wound, they all ‘run together” as before. One of the gunners, being an expert, managed to shoot the whole five, and they were all ultimately secured, yielding to the captors a merited prize. We have noticed large numbers of these whales along the coast during the summer months, and they seem to be more together at that particular season; but, as the opportunities for observing their habits have been much greater at that time of the year, we may have been led into error upon this particular point. Their food is of the same nature as that of the other rorquals, and the quantity of codfish which has been found in them is truly enormous. On the northern coast, the Finbacks, in many instances, have a much larger fin than those in warmer lati- tudes, and we are fully satisfied that these are a distinct species, confined to the northern waters. We have had but little opportunity to observe the Finbacks that frequently rove about the Gulf of Georgia and Fuca Strait. Several have been seen, however, in May and June, on the coasts of California and Oregon, and in Fuca Strait in June and July of the year 1864; these observations satisfy us that the dorsal fin of this—the northern species referred to—is strikingly larger than in the more southern Finbacks. Appended are the outlines of one individual of several seen in Queen Charlotte Sound, in February, 1865, which is a fair representation of them all. Those we have noticed about Fuca Strait seem to have the back fin modified in size between the extremely small one found on the coast of Lower California and the one here represented. “DONVT'9 ‘SAVIS OL GAHOVIIV NOOGUVH'S NOOdYVH JO MIA AUIS + ‘NOOdUVH 40 MAIA 3904 °e'AONA' 2° SONWI'L “SLNAWATdAT ONIIVHM. GNV'TONVO ONITVHM XNVWINdgsd 4 hay YUONIIg' YI] ‘Jap uowueo Wd LY TA 8teld t™~ om FINBACK WHALE. THE PuTLINES OF A NorTHERN PINBACK, CHAPTER. HI, THE WUMPBACK WHALE. MEGAPTERA VERSABILIS, Cope. (Plate vii, fig. 1.) The Humpback is one of the species of rorquals that roam through every ocean, generally preferring to feed and perform its uncouth gambols near extensive coasts, or about the shores of islands, in all latitudes between the equator and the frozen oceans, both north and south. It is irregular in its movements, seldom going a straight course for any considerable distance; at one time moving about in large numbers, scattered over the sea as far as the eye can discern from the mast-head ; at other times singly, seeming as much at home as if it were surrounded by hun- dreds of its kind; performing at will the varied actions of ‘breaching,’ ‘‘rolling,” “finning,”’ “lobtailing,’ or “scooping;” or, on a calm, sunny day, perhaps lying motionless on the molten-looking surface, as though life were extinct. Its shape, compared with the symmetrical forms of the Finback, California Gray, and Sulphurbottom, is decidedly ugly, as it has a short, thick body, and frequently a diminutive “small,” with inordinately large pectorals and flukes. <A protuberance, of variable shape and size in different individuals, placed on the back, about one-fourth the length from the caudal fin, is called the hump. An- other cartilaginous boss projects from a centre fold immediately beneath the anterior point of the under jaw, which, with the flukes, pectorals, and throat of the creature, are oftentimes hung with pendent parasites* (Otion Stimpsoni), and on *We print here Dall’s description of the unusually long and stout. First pair of hands Cyamus suffusus; also his remarks on the Ofion quadrant-shaped ; second pair slightly punctate, Stimpsoni (Proc. Cal. Acad. Sci., Dec. 18th, arcua‘e, emarginate on the inferior edge, with a pointed tubercle on each side of the emargina- tion. Third joint of the posterior lees keeled Cyamus suffusus, n. sp. Body flattened, elon- above, with a prong below. Pleon extremely gate; segments, sub-equal, outer edges widely minute. Segments smooth. No ventral spines separated. Branchie single, cylindrical slender, on posterior segments. Color, yellowish white, with a very short papilliform appendage before suffused with rose-purple, strongest upon the and behind each branchia. Superior antenne antenne and branchie. Length, 0.41 inches; [38] 1872). Illustrations, figures 3 and 5, plate x. THE HUMPBACK WHALE. 39 the males it is frequently studded with tubercles, as upon the head. A bulge also rounds down on the lower part of the ‘small,’ nearly midway between the hump and caudal. one. animal of abnormal proportions. Its under jaw extends forward considerably beyond the upper All these combined characteristics impress the observer with the idea of an The top of its head is dotted with irregular, rounded bunches, which rise about one inch above the surface, each covering nearly four square inches of space. The following measurements and memoranda of a male Humpback were taken by Captain I. §. Rediield, of the whaling and trading brig Manuella, while cruising in Behring Sea, September 17th, 1866: Mxtreme length ).....02 cones leet auke oe eas Length of pectoralg................ 0.0005 Breadth of pectorals...................00- Distance from snout to pectorals.......... Distance from corner of mouth to snout... Distance from eye to snout Distance from spout-holes to snout....... Expansion of flukes...................0005 Breadth of -tlulses a: 24S aeatscern ae eras Distance from anus to flukes.............. breadth (of body), 0.25 inches. All the speci- meus which have passed under my obscrvation, some eight or ten in number, were males. Habitat, on the Humpback Whale (degaptera versabilis, Cope) Monterey, California. Orton, Leach. Otion, Leach. ili, p. 170. Olion Slimpsoni, Dall, n. sp. Scuta only present, beaked, with the um- bones on the occludent margins; anterior pro- longation the longer, pointed, rather slender ; posterior prolongation, rounded, wider ; external margin concave; color (in spirits), hght orange, with a dark purple streak on the rostral surface and on each side of the peduncle; while the lateral surfaces of the body-case and lobes are mottled with dark purple. The lower lip of the orifice is transversely striated and translucent ; the upper margins slightly reflexed internally, white; in some specimens with two prolonga- tions or small lobes above, which are wanting Ency. Britannica, suppl. vol. Ft. In Een ttaist herent aio eh exe araeielosom europea. EO 30) UDiesena aio) tin tones caer Cet ansyer terse cunaterate? oct seys 13.7 ahapeharo igus Seeretarpionesauereuune Didyaaserne ate are cuales 3.2 Maal du ovay stadone ona nue auetaleGslevecaves aeeteraimeeten 6 12 0 Diya by a qatanshot Biers eka Disuaseies ioue/ennce Tonsre tates eee & 9 6 afer Sabana oteita "eueo.sel Sato: Gceceponetencievel stele vapererer eA 10 2 sxausivererer oicha@re/ wie) aceraiosnt en SiahelssrsTee lettLea 9 4 Sen aheuayatanavarentrn sotsre ay suouelete ialaratal Sons auareae 15 7 Sarena aay elpyatiateotat enarencme’ era lai etenatetoeenctste nt 3°04 widveduh es talstada oles laze’ auetareuansr eases anata. Shaueacnts 11 6 in other specimens. The tubular prolongations very irregular and variable in size and form, usually unsymmetrical; one sometimes nearly Length of peduncle, 2.08 inches; of body, 2.16 inches; of lobes, 2.00 inches; of ori- fice, 1.18 inch; of scuta, 0.55 inch; width of scuta, 0.16 inch. Habitat, on the Humpback (JL. versabilis) ; sessile on the Coronule which infest that spe- cies, but never, so far as I have observed, on the surface of the whale itself. Dr. Leach describes five calcareous species, having the scuta, terga, and rostrum of the typ- ical species (O. Cuvieri, Leach) and they are figured by Reeve; but this species has certainly only the scuta. Whether this difference is of more than specific value I am not able to de- cide, owing to the great paucity of works of reference here. I should be unwilling to de- scribe the species, were it not that it was sub- mitted to the late lamented Dr. Stimpson for examination, and was pronounced by him to be new. abortive. 40 MARINE MAMMALS OF THE NORTH-WESTERN COAST. Ft. In. Distance: itom~e eenital- slit: to “fukést: nn Yana tates, weeds aes ee cvenetea inechuneateatre tins 17 0 enethzob folds on belive sc 2 sissies otsaeesst, tach aun isa tetere wouaes aes Sue ecore. ob sas ane nue ieset tol Stes 16 0 Whole breadth of folds on belly...... 0. cece cece ee eee 10 0 Distance: from, flukes fo “Wurm p cies siacasossa eae w levee Soa ciane eeahe lee ae Gracy ehadlace. ca ane 12 3 Peneth- of hump, along the: backs. icscu5 sce ace edacets ceeds bene dees theta tet ecetuents sh aie any ates 3.0 Flere ht sof Wm pre aicacrie. esd stetrct ste lta skare case se yareye dseazavensusnsuaeset Scho nator cee Seucnycteeetemec ats 1 0 Depth of small close to flukes...... Boriseyrsahs ssuletau svavirahegie cents och one nomer seat tar essai 2 6 ‘Rhickmessof wsmallclose.:to ukesns 25 20 ciel cia ack erecta aus ced e.eetead cates 1 6 Thickness of blubber, five to ten inches; color of blubber, yellowish white ; yield of oil, forty barrels; number of folds on belly, twenty-six, averaging from four to six inches in width. These folds, which extend from the anterior portion of the throat over the belly, terminating a little behind the pectorals, are capable of great expansion and contraction, which enables the Humpbacks, as well as all other rorquals, to swell their maws when their food is in abundance about them. The following additional measurements, etc., were taken from Humpbacks capt- ured on the coast of Upper California, in 1872. 1. Sex, female. Color of body, black above, but more or less marbled with white below. Fins, black above, and dotted with white beneath. Color of blub- ber, white. Number of folds on throat and breast, twenty-one, the widest of which were six inches. Yield of oil, thirty-five barrels. The yield of bone, which is of inferior quality, is about four hundred pounds to a hundred barrels of oil. Ft. In, Ft. In Mength: of animal. o..34 oo5 cae eee ia: 48 0 Anus to notch of caudal fin............ 12 6 Length of each pectoral................ 13 0 Genital slit to notch of caudal fin...... 12 11 Thickness of each pectoral.............. 0 8 Length of genital slit.................. 3 6 Breadth of each pectoral............... 3.5 Size uround the body behind pectorals.. 25 0 Expansion of caudal fin, or flukes...... 18 0 Average thickness of blubber........... 0 5 Breadth of each lobe................... 36 Depth of small at junction with caudal fin, 1 9 Thickness of each lobe................. 0 9 Thickness of small at junction with caud- From nib-end to pectorals............. 16 0 SULSSHI g Leche eee tela Ce 1 6 Pectorals to top of back............... 4 6 From nib-end to hump................ 28 0 Corner of mouth to nib-end........... 10 0 Heightuok hump usc acento ere 0 10 Corner of mouth to top of head........ 5 4 Mento th:of hum pases weston scree 4 0 Hye*< 0 “Mik s€ndst een civaraadercecees 10 10 Thickness of black skin................ 0 of Hye to top of head.................... de Oi Wier boMeanas ayes Ga hiatds selena e ters o 2 0 Spiracles to nib-end................... 8 0 Dength: of “ear Slits. conden on auceesaneens 0 14 Length of exterior opening of spiracles... 1 6 Navel to genital slit...........0....0... 5 0 The nib-end, or point of the upper jaw, fell short of the extremity of the *We refer the reader to fig. 4, plate x, for forty-six feet in length. The figure is drawn illustration of an eye taken from a Humpback to natural size. Ss Ni i _Scammon 1. HUMPBACK ( MEGAPTERA VERSABILIS COPE.) 9 vs SHA ED FINNER ({BALAZNOPTERA DAVIDSONI, Scammon) THE HUMPBACK WHALE. 4] lower one about fifteen inches. The tongue and throat were of a leaden color, The orbit of the eye was four inches in diameter. The longest plate of bone, or baleen, was two feet; its color, black, with a fringe of lighter shade. 2. Sex, female. Color of body, black, with slight marks of white beneath. Color of pectorals, black above, white below. Color of flukes, black above and below. Color of blubber, white; average thickness of same, six inches. Yield of oil, thirty barrels. Gular folds, eighteen. Tubercles on lips, nine. Ft. In. Ft. In. Bength of animalcecwciecae cuvenaiees 48 0 From nib-end to pectorals............. 16 6 Length of pectorals: 2.0.06 5008 oes esas 13 0 Notch of flukes to anus................ 11 6 Breadth of pectorals................... 3 0 Notch of flukes to genital slit.......... 12 0 Thickness of pectorals.................. 0 8 Length of longest baleen.............. 2 9 Expansion of flukes.................... 14 0 Breadth of longest baleen.............. 0 10 Breadth: of: Nukes: oi. aces a eb ae Sees 4 3 3. Sex, female. Color of body, black above, slightly mottled with white and gray below. Fins and flukes, black above, white beneath. Color of blubber, white ; thickness of same, six to nine inches. Yield of oil, forty barrels. Number of laminze, five hundred and forty; black, streaked with white, or hght lead color. Ft. In. Ft. In.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/19086572

StackExchange

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Stack Exchange

Alhaytham Alfeel, GrIsHu, https://stackoverflow.com/users/1839336, https://stackoverflow.com/users/2829160

Dutch

Spoken

Imageloader for displaying the Image in an activity Check this URL I am USING :: http://54.218.73.244:7006/DescriptionSortedRating/ Images will append with relative path from JSON out put using restaurantIMAGE EX:: http://54.218.73.244:7006/CopperChimney1.jpg I am using restaurantIMAGE from JSON { "restaurants": [ { "restaurantID": 4, "restaurantNAME": "CopperChimney1", "restaurantIMAGE": "MarkBoulevard1.jpg", "restaurantDISTANCE": 15, "restaurantTYPE": "Indian", "restaurantRATING": 1, "restaurantPrice": 11, "restaurantTime": "9am t0 8pm" }, { "restaurantID": 1, "restaurantNAME": "CopperChimney", "restaurantIMAGE": "CopperChimney.png", "restaurantDISTANCE": 5, "restaurantTYPE": "Indian", "restaurantRATING": 3, "restaurantPrice": 20, "restaurantTime": "8pm to 11pm" }, I am USING IMAGE LOADER ImageLoader.java public class ImageLoader { MemoryCache memoryCache = new MemoryCache(); FileCache fileCache; private Map<ImageView, String> imageViews = Collections .synchronizedMap(new WeakHashMap<ImageView, String>()); ExecutorService executorService; // Handler to display images in UI thread Handler handler = new Handler(); public ImageLoader(Context context) { fileCache = new FileCache(context); executorService = Executors.newFixedThreadPool(5); } final int stub_id = R.drawable.temp_img; public void DisplayImage(String url, ImageView imageView) { imageViews.put(imageView, url); Bitmap bitmap = memoryCache.get(url); if (bitmap != null) imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); else { queuePhoto(url, imageView); imageView.setImageResource(stub_id); } } private void queuePhoto(String url, ImageView imageView) { PhotoToLoad p = new PhotoToLoad(url, imageView); executorService.submit(new PhotosLoader(p)); } private Bitmap getBitmap(String url) { File f = fileCache.getFile(url); Bitmap b = decodeFile(f); if (b != null) return b; // Download Images from the Internet try { Bitmap bitmap = null; URL imageUrl = new URL(url); HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) imageUrl .openConnection(); conn.setConnectTimeout(30000); conn.setReadTimeout(30000); conn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true); InputStream is = conn.getInputStream(); OutputStream os = new FileOutputStream(f); Utils.CopyStream(is, os); os.close(); conn.disconnect(); bitmap = decodeFile(f); return bitmap; } catch (Throwable ex) { ex.printStackTrace(); if (ex instanceof OutOfMemoryError) memoryCache.clear(); return null; } } // Decodes image and scales it to reduce memory consumption private Bitmap decodeFile(File f) { try { // Decode image size BitmapFactory.Options o = new BitmapFactory.Options(); o.inJustDecodeBounds = true; FileInputStream stream1 = new FileInputStream(f); BitmapFactory.decodeStream(stream1, null, o); stream1.close(); // Find the correct scale value. It should be the power of 2. // Recommended Size 512 final int REQUIRED_SIZE = 70; int width_tmp = o.outWidth, height_tmp = o.outHeight; int scale = 1; while (true) { if (width_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE || height_tmp / 2 < REQUIRED_SIZE) break; width_tmp /= 2; height_tmp /= 2; scale *= 2; } // Decode with inSampleSize BitmapFactory.Options o2 = new BitmapFactory.Options(); o2.inSampleSize = scale; FileInputStream stream2 = new FileInputStream(f); Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeStream(stream2, null, o2); stream2.close(); return bitmap; } catch (FileNotFoundException e) { } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } // Task for the queue private class PhotoToLoad { public String url; public ImageView imageView; public PhotoToLoad(String u, ImageView i) { url = u; imageView = i; } } class PhotosLoader implements Runnable { PhotoToLoad photoToLoad; PhotosLoader(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) { this.photoToLoad = photoToLoad; } @Override public void run() { try { if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad)) return; Bitmap bmp = getBitmap(photoToLoad.url); memoryCache.put(photoToLoad.url, bmp); if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad)) return; BitmapDisplayer bd = new BitmapDisplayer(bmp, photoToLoad); handler.post(bd); } catch (Throwable th) { th.printStackTrace(); } } } boolean imageViewReused(PhotoToLoad photoToLoad) { String tag = imageViews.get(photoToLoad.imageView); if (tag == null || !tag.equals(photoToLoad.url)) return true; return false; } // Used to display bitmap in the UI thread class BitmapDisplayer implements Runnable { Bitmap bitmap; PhotoToLoad photoToLoad; public BitmapDisplayer(Bitmap b, PhotoToLoad p) { bitmap = b; photoToLoad = p; } public void run() { if (imageViewReused(photoToLoad)) return; if (bitmap != null) photoToLoad.imageView.setImageBitmap(bitmap); else photoToLoad.imageView.setImageResource(stub_id); } } public void clearCache() { memoryCache.clear(); fileCache.clear(); } } Utils,FileCache,MemoryCache java files are also there RestaurantDescPhotos.java public class RestaurantDescPhotos extends Activity { // url to make request private static String url = "http://54.218.73.244:7006/DescriptionSortedRating/"; String restaurant_name, cc_res; ProgressDialog progressDialog; JSONObject jsonObject; JSONArray first_array; ImageLoader imageLoader; TextView textView; TextView text; private SparseArray<String> imagesMap = new SparseArray<String>(); ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>> list_of_images = new ArrayList<HashMap<String, String>>(); @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.restaurant_desc_photos); imageLoader=new ImageLoader(RestaurantDescPhotos.this); progressDialog = new ProgressDialog(RestaurantDescPhotos.this); new ParsingAsync().execute(); } private class ParsingAsync extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, Void> { @Override protected void onPreExecute() { super.onPreExecute(); progressDialog = ProgressDialog.show(RestaurantDescPhotos.this, "", "Please Wait", true, false); } @Override protected Void doInBackground(Void... params) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String _response = null; try { HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(); httpclient.getParams().setParameter( CoreProtocolPNames.PROTOCOL_VERSION, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1); HttpGet request = new HttpGet(url); HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(request); HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity(); _response = EntityUtils.toString(resEntity); jsonObject = new JSONObject(_response); first_array = jsonObject.getJSONArray("restaurants"); } catch (JSONException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (ClientProtocolException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return null; } @Override protected void onPostExecute(Void result) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub super.onPostExecute(result); progressDialog.dismiss(); // TextView timedisplay=(TextView) // findViewById(R.id.RestaurantTimeID); for (int i = 0; i < first_array.length(); i++) { try { JSONObject detail_obj = first_array.getJSONObject(i); HashMap<String, String> map_for_images = new HashMap<String, String>(); int id = detail_obj.getInt("_id"); String IMAGES = "http://54.218.73.244:7006/"+detail_obj.getString("restaurantIMAGE"); map_for_images.put("Starters", IMAGES); list_of_images.add(map_for_images); } catch (JSONException e) { // TODO Auto-generated catch block e.printStackTrace(); } } ImageView imageView = (ImageView) findViewById(R.id.DISP_IMG); imageLoader.DisplayImage(url, imageView); } } } I am facing the problems in setting the images onto image view using image loader There is some problem in RestaurantDescPhotos.java ... I am not able to figure it out Any Ideas In your Json response you are getting the image name only not exact path where its located. You need to change your json response with the image path. You need to define the Whole path of your image not name then only it will work. Do you get any error ? If you observe in the class RestaurantDescPhotos.java ....... i have tried to append the path in the line ..........................String IMAGES = "http://54.218.73.244:7006/" ............ combining that with image name it becomes complete path ... hope i am clear Does this loads the image ? Have your tried to check this url in browser? Because as its local i can not check it. this link for example .......... http://54.218.73.244:7006/CopperChimney1.jpg the image is obtained in browser ........ but im not sure whether i am putting in the right place for appending .. The url content is not a valid image url: imageLoader.DisplayImage(url, imageView); I tried a fixed image url, and image is loaded successfully: String path = "http://54.218.73.244:7006/CopperChimney1.jpg"; imageLoader.DisplayImage(path, imageView); What if there is array of these URL's .... how to populate the imageview ... any ideas ? You need to have multiple image views in a list or a grid.

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/63901608

StackExchange

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Stack Exchange

Gordon Linoff, Prateek, https://stackoverflow.com/users/1144035, https://stackoverflow.com/users/3359893, https://stackoverflow.com/users/3706016, jarlh

English

Spoken

SQL to get two column records in one column I have two tables, both contain field telephone_number. I want to find all the distinct/unique telephone numbers from both the table. Can this be done? For eg Table A telephone_number 123 123 345 Table B telephone_number 1234 123 678 Output Table 123 345 678 1234 thanks Sorry for formatting Sample data, desired results, and an unambiguous explanation would hep. Do you want a list of unique telephone numbers in both tables? Do you want telephone numbers that are only in one table? Do you want telephone numbers that appear only once? Sorry about that, i was adding example but was struggling with formatting. Why do you store phone numbers in two different tables? They are coming from different data sources. If you want the distinct telephone numbers in both tables, use union: select telephone_number from t1 union -- on purpose to remove duplicates select telephone_number from t2;

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Burgess%20Number%202%20Dam%20%28alihan%20sa%20tubig%20sa%20Tinipong%20Bansa%2C%20Montana%29

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Burgess Number 2 Dam (alihan sa tubig sa Tinipong Bansa, Montana)

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Burgess Number 2 Dam (alihan sa tubig sa Tinipong Bansa, Montana)&action=history

Cebuano

Spoken

Alang sa ubang mga dapit sa mao gihapon nga ngalan, tan-awa ang Burgess Number 2 Dam. Alihan sa tubig ang Burgess Number 2 Dam sa Tinipong Bansa. Nahimutang ni sa kondado sa Garfield County ug estado sa Montana, sa sentro nga bahin sa nasod, km sa kasadpan sa Washington, D.C. ang ulohan sa nasod. metros ibabaw sa dagat kahaboga ang nahimutangan sa Burgess Number 2 Dam. Ang yuta palibot sa Burgess Number 2 Dam kay patag. Ang kinahabogang dapit sa palibot dunay gihabogon nga ka metro ug km sa habagatan sa Burgess Number 2 Dam. Kunhod pa sa 2 ka tawo kada kilometro kwadrado sa palibot sa Burgess Number 2 Dam. Hapit nalukop sa kasagbotan ang palibot sa Burgess Number 2 Dam. Sa rehiyon palibot sa Burgess Number 2 Dam, mga walog talagsaon komon. Ang klima bugnaw nga ugahon. Ang kasarangang giiniton °C. Ang kinainitan nga bulan Hulyo, sa  °C, ug ang kinabugnawan Enero, sa  °C. Ang kasarangang pag-ulan milimetro matag tuig. Ang kinabasaan nga bulan Mayo, sa milimetro nga ulan, ug ang kinaugahan Enero, sa milimetro. Saysay Ang mga gi basihan niini Mga tinukod sa Montana (estado)

https://kn.wikipedia.org/wiki/%E0%B2%87%E0%B2%82%E0%B2%97%E0%B2%A8%E0%B2%BE%E0%B2%B3

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

ಇಂಗನಾಳ

https://kn.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=ಇಂಗನಾಳ&action=history

Kannada

Spoken

ಇಂಗನಾಳ ಗ್ರಾಮವು ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ರಾಜ್ಯದ ವಿಜಯಪುರ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆಯ ವಿಜಯಪುರ ತಾಲ್ಲೂಕಿನಲ್ಲಿದೆ. ಭೌಗೋಳಿಕ ಗ್ರಾಮವು ಭೌಗೋಳಿಕವಾಗಿ ೧೬* ೩೨' ೧೦"x ಉತ್ತರ ಅಕ್ಷಾಂಶ ಮತ್ತು ೭೫* ೩೧' ೧೯" ಪೂರ್ವ ರೇಖಾಂಶದಲ್ಲಿ ಬರುತ್ತದೆ. ಹವಾಮಾನ ಬೆಸಿಗೆ-ಚಳಿಗಾಲದಲ್ಲಿ ಹವಾಗುಣವು ಹಿತಕರವಾಗಿದ್ದು, ಸಾಧಾರಣ ಪ್ರಮಾಣದ ಮಳೆಯಾಗುತ್ತದೆ. ಬೇಸಿಗೆಯಲ್ಲಿ ಅತಿ ಹೆಚ್ಚು ಉಷ್ಣತೆ ಅಂದರೆ ೪೨.೭ ಡಿಗ್ರಿವರೆಗೆ(ಎಪ್ರೀಲನಲ್ಲಿ) , ಅತೀ ಕಡಿಮೆ ಅಂದರೆ ೯.೫ ಡಿಗ್ರಿ ಸೆಲ್ಸಿಯಸವರೆಗೆ (ಡಿಸೆಂಬರನಲ್ಲಿ) ಉಷ್ಣತೆ ದಾಖಲಾಗಿದೆ. ಬೇಸಿಗೆಕಾಲ - ೩೫°C-೪೨°C ಡಿಗ್ರಿ ಸೆಲ್ಸಿಯಸ್ ಚಳಿಗಾಲ ಮತ್ತು ಮಳೆಗಾಲ - ೧೮°C-೨೮°C ಡಿಗ್ರಿ ಸೆಲ್ಸಿಯಸ್. ಮಳೆ - ಪ್ರತಿ ವರ್ಷ ಮಳೆ ೩೦೦ - ೬೦೦ಮಿಮಿ ಗಳಸ್ಟು ಆಗಿರುತ್ತದೆ. ಗಾಳಿ -ಗಾಳಿ ವೇಗ ೧೮.೨ ಕಿಮಿ/ಗಂ (ಜೂನ), ೧೯.೬ ಕಿಮಿ/ಗಂ (ಜುಲೈ)ಹಾಗೂ ೧೭.೫ ಕಿಮಿ/ಗಂ (ಅಗಸ್ಟ್) ಇರುತ್ತದೆ. ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ ಸುಮಾರು 2500 ಇದೆ. ಅದರಲ್ಲಿ 1300 ಪುರುಷರು ಮತ್ತು 1200 ಮಹಿಳೆಯರು ಇದ್ದಾರೆ. ಸಾಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಕ ಮುಖ್ಯ ಭಾಷೆ ಕನ್ನಡ. ಆದರೆ ವಿವಿಧ ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿಗಳ ಪ್ರಭಾವದಿಂದಾಗಿ ಉರ್ದು, ಮರಾಠಿ ಮತ್ತು ಹಿಂದಿ ಮಿಶ್ರಿತ ವಿಶಿಷ್ಠವಾದ ಕನ್ನಡ. ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಆಹಾರ ಧಾನ್ಯ ಜೋಳ. ಜೊತೆಗೆ ಗೋಧಿ, ಅಕ್ಕಿ,ಮೆಕ್ಕೆ ಜೋಳ ಬೇಳೆಕಾಳುಗಳು. ಜವಾರಿ ಎಂದು ಗುರುತಿಸಲ್ಪಡುವ ವಿಶೇಷ ರುಚಿಯ ಕಾಯಿಪಲ್ಯ, ಸೊಪ್ಪುಗಳು ಹೆಸರುವಾಸಿ ಮತ್ತು ಸದಾಕಾಲವೂ ಲಭ್ಯ. ಜೋಳದ ರೊಟ್ಟಿ,, ಸೇಂಗಾ ಚಟ್ನಿ,, ಎಣ್ಣಿ ಬದನೆಯಕಾಯಿ ಪಲ್ಯ,, ಕೆನೆಮೊಸರು ಕರ್ನಾಟಕದ ಮೂಲೆಮೂಲೆಗಳಲ್ಲಿ ಪ್ರಸಿದ್ಧಿ ಪಡೆದಿವೆ. ಕಲೆ ಮತ್ತು ಸಂಸ್ಕೃತಿ ಅಪ್ಪಟ ಉತ್ತರ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ಶೈಲಿಯ ಕಲೆಯನ್ನು ಒಳಗೊಂಡಿದೆ. ಪುರುಷರು ದೋತ್ರ, ನೆಹರು ಅಂಗಿ ಮತ್ತು ರೇಷ್ಮೆ ರುಮಾಲು(ಪಟಕ) ಧರಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ.ಮಹಿಳೆಯರು ಇಲಕಲ್ಲ ಸೀರೆ ಮತ್ತು ಖಾದಿ ಬಟ್ಟೆಗಳನ್ನು ಧರಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಧರ್ಮ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಹಿಂದೂ ಮತ್ತು ಮುಸ್ಲಿಂ ಧರ್ಮದ ಜನರಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಭಾಷೆ ಗ್ರಾಮದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಭಾಷೆ ಕನ್ನಡ. ಇದರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹಿಂದಿ, ಮರಾಠಿ ಹಾಗೂ ಇಂಗ್ಲೀಷ್ ಭಾಷೆಗಳನ್ನು ಮಾತನಾಡುತ್ತಾರೆ. ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶ್ರೀ ಮಹಾಲಕ್ಷ್ಮಿ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶ್ರೀ ದುರ್ಗಾದೇವಿ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶ್ರೀ ಮಲ್ಲಿಕಾರ್ಜುನ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶ್ರೀ ಬಸವೇಶ್ವರ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶ್ರೀ ವೆಂಕಟೇಶ್ವರ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶ್ರೀ ಪಾಂಡುರಂಗ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಶ್ರೀ ಹಣಮಂತ ದೇವಾಲಯ ಮಸೀದಿ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಮುಸ್ಲಿಂ ಸಮುದಾಯದ ದರ್ಗಾ ಹಾಗೂ ಮಸೀದಿ ಇದೆ. ನೀರಾವರಿ ಗ್ರಾಮದ ಪ್ರತಿಶತ 50 ಭಾಗ ಭೂಮಿ ಕಾಲುವೆ, ತೆರದ ಬಾವಿ, ಕೊಳವೆ ಬಾವಿಯಿಂದ ನೀರಾವರಿ ಇದ್ದು ಪ್ರಮುಖವಾಗಿ ಕಬ್ಬು , ಮೆಕ್ಕೆಜೋಳ, ಜೋಳ, ಉಳ್ಳಾಗಡ್ಡಿ (ಈರುಳ್ಳಿ), ನಿಂಬೆಹಣ್ಣು , ಪಪ್ಪಾಯ, ಅರಿಶಿನ, ನೆಲಕಡಲೆ, ಶೇಂಗಾ(ಕಡಲೆಕಾಯಿ), ಸೂರ್ಯಕಾಂತಿ , ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಿ , ದಾಳಿಂಬೆ, ಗೋಧಿ ಹಾಗೂ ಇತರೆ ಬೆಳೆಗಳನ್ನು ಬೆಳೆಯುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಕಾಲುವೆ ಕೃಷ್ಣಾ ನದಿಯ ಆಲಮಟ್ಟಿ ಆಣೆಕಟ್ಟುಯಿಂದ ಮುಳವಾಡ ಏತ ನೀರಾವರಿ ಕಾಲುವೆ ಕಾಲುವೆಯಿದ್ದು ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಸಂಪೂರ್ಣ ಕೃಷಿಗೆ ಸಹಕಾರಿಯಾಗಿದೆ. ಕೃಷಿ ಮತ್ತು ತೋಟಗಾರಿಕೆ ಗ್ರಾಮದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಉದ್ಯೋಗವೇ ಕೃಷಿ ಮತ್ತು ತೋಟಗಾರಿಕೆಯಾಗಿದೆ. ಈ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರದಲ್ಲಿ ಸುಮಾರು ೭೫% ಜನರು ಕೆಲಸ ಮಾಡುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಕೇವಲ ೧೫% ಭೂಮಿ ಮಾತ್ರ ನೀರಾವರಿ ಹೊಂದಿದೆ. ಉಳಿದ ೮೫% ಭೂಮಿ ಮಳೆಯನ್ನೇ ಅವಲಂಭಿಸಿದೆ. ಆರ್ಥಿಕತೆ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಆರ್ಥಿಕ ವ್ಯವಸ್ಥೆ ಮಧ್ಯಮ ತರಗತಿಯಲ್ಲಿದೆ. ಉದ್ಯೋಗ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಫಲವತ್ತಾದ ಭೂಮಿ ಇದುವುದರಿಂದ ೭೦% ಜನಸಂಖ್ಯೆ ಕೃಷಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ನಿರತರಾಗಿದ್ದಾರೆ. ಕೃಷಿಯು ಗ್ರಾಮದ ಪ್ರಮುಖ ಉದ್ಯೋಗವಾಗಿದೆ. ಇದರೊಂದಿಗೆ ಹೈನುಗಾರಿಕೆ, ಕೋಳಿ ಸಾಕಾಣಿಕೆ, ದನಗಳ ಸಾಕಾಣಿಕೆ ಉಪ ಕಸುಬುಗಳಾಗಿವೆ. ಬೆಳೆ ಆಹಾರ ಬೆಳೆಗಳು ಜೋಳ, ಗೋಧಿ, ಮೆಕ್ಕೆಜೋಳ, ಸಜ್ಜೆ , ಕಡಲೆ, ತೊಗರಿ, ಹೆಸರು ಮತ್ತು ಕಡಲೆ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ ವಾಣಿಜ್ಯ ಬೆಳೆಗಳು ದ್ರಾಕ್ಷಿ, ಕಬ್ಬು, ದಾಳಿಂಬೆ, ನಿಂಬೆ, ಮಾವು, ಬಾಳೆ, ಸೂರ್ಯಕಾಂತಿ, ಅರಿಸಿಣ, ಪಪ್ಪಾಯಿ, ಕಲ್ಲಂಗಡಿ, ಉಳ್ಳಾಗಡ್ಡಿ (ಈರುಳ್ಳಿ) ಮತ್ತು ಶೇಂಗಾ(ಕಡಲೆಕಾಯಿ) ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ. ತರಕಾರಿ ಬೆಳೆಗಳು ಬದನೆಕಾಯಿ, ಟೊಮ್ಯಾಟೊ, ಹೀರೇಕಾಯಿ, ನುಗ್ಗೆಕಾಯಿ, ಗೆಣಸು, ಗಜ್ಜರಿ, ಮೆಣಸಿನಕಾಯಿ, ಸೌತೆಕಾಯಿ, ಮೊಲಂಗಿ, ಅವರೆಕಾಯಿ, ಪಡವಲಕಾಯಿ, ಕುಂಬಳಕಾಯಿ, ಮೆಂತೆ ಪಲ್ಲೆ ಮತ್ತು ಕೊತಂಬರಿ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ. ಸಸ್ಯ ಆಲದ ಮರ, ಬೇವಿನ ಮರ, ಜಾಲಿ ಮರ, ಹೈಬ್ರೀಡ್ ಜಾಲಿ ಮರ, ಮಾವಿನ ಮರ ಮತ್ತು ಅರಳಿ ಮರ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ. ಪ್ರಾಣಿ ತೋಳ, ನರಿ, ಹಾವು, ಮೊಲ, ನವಿಲು, ಬೆಳ್ಳಕ್ಕಿ, ಗುಬ್ಬಿ, ಕಾಗೆ, ಕೋಗಿಲೆ ಇತ್ಯಾದಿ. ಹಬ್ಬ ಪ್ರತಿವರ್ಷ ಕಾರ ಹುಣ್ಣುಮೆ, ಯುಗಾದಿ, ದಸರಾ, ದೀಪಾವಳಿ, ನಾಗರ ಪಂಚಮಿ, ಉರಸು ಹಾಗೂ ಮೊಹರಮ್ ಹಬ್ಬಗಳನ್ನು ಆಚರಿಸುತ್ತಾರೆ. ಶಿಕ್ಷಣ ಗ್ರಾಮದಲ್ಲಿ ಸರಕಾರಿ ಹಿರಿಯ ಪ್ರಾಥಮಿಕ ಶಾಲೆ ಇದೆ. ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆ ಗ್ರಾಮದ ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆಯ ಪ್ರಮಾಣ ಸುಮಾರು ೬೭%. ಅದರಲ್ಲಿ ೭೫% ಪುರುಷರು ಹಾಗೂ ೫೫% ಮಹಿಳೆಯರು ಸಾಕ್ಷರತೆ ಹೊಂದಿದೆ. ರಾಜಕೀಯ ಗ್ರಾಮವು ವಿಜಯಪುರ ಲೋಕಸಭಾ ಕ್ಷೇತ್ರದ ವ್ಯಾಪ್ತಿಯಲ್ಲಿ ಬರುತ್ತದೆ. ವಿಜಯಪುರ ಕರ್ನಾಟಕ ವಿಜಯಪೂರ ತಾಲ್ಲೂಕಿನ ಹಳ್ಳಿಗಳು ಬಿಜಾಪುರ ಜಿಲ್ಲೆ ಬಿಜಾಪುರ ತಾಲ್ಲೂಕು

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gorgons%20Head

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Gorgons Head

https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Gorgons Head&action=history

English

Spoken

Gorgons Head () is a peak southeast of Mount Hughes in the Cook Mountains of Antarctica. The peak is sandstone with dolerite intrusions and is a sharp summit ridge. It was named after the Gorgons, three winged creatures of Greek mythology only one of which (Medusa) could be killed by having its head cut off. References Mountains of Oates Land

https://github.com/mitchute/GLHE/blob/master/unit_tests/glhe/properties/test_fluid_types.py

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

GLHE

mitchute

Python

Code

import unittest from glhe.properties.fluid_types import FluidType class TestFluidType(unittest.TestCase): def test_init(self): tst_W = FluidType.WATER self.assertEqual(tst_W, FluidType.WATER) tst_EA = FluidType.ETHYL_ALCOHOL self.assertEqual(tst_EA, FluidType.ETHYL_ALCOHOL) tst_EG = FluidType.ETHYLENE_GLYCOL self.assertEqual(tst_EG, FluidType.ETHYLENE_GLYCOL) tst_PG = FluidType.PROPYLENE_GLYCOL self.assertEqual(tst_PG, FluidType.PROPYLENE_GLYCOL)

https://openalex.org/W2088570210

OpenAlex

Open Science

CC-By

The practice of traditional and complementary medicine and factors associated with it among the medical staff in Malaysia

Maihebureti Abuduli

English

Spoken

Authors’ details 1 1UNU-IIGH, UNU-IIGH Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 2Xinjiang Uyghur Medical College, Xinjiang, China. 3UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. 4United Nations University International Institute for Global Health (UNU-IIGH), 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Background Many medical staff had not been exposed to T&CM edu- cation, however most of them had positive perception about health education/training in T&CM. The provision of information on T&CM practice and its associated fac- tors among medical staff may help to integrate T&CM into the mainstream medicine. Traditional and Complementary Medicine (T&CM) is garnering increasing interest and acceptance among the general population. Different types of T&CM treatments were increasingly applied and practised by the public but ignorance about T&CM poses a communication gap between public health and the healthcare profession. The aim of this study was to determine the practice of T&CM and factors associated with it among medical staff in five selected hospitals in Malaysia. Materials and methods This study employed a cross-sectional design, which was carried out using quantitative and qualitative methods. Published: 29 January 2014 Published: 29 January 2014 * Correspondence: [email protected] 1UNU-IIGH, UNU-IIGH Building, UKM Medical Center, Jalan Yaacob Latiff, 56000 Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Abuduli et al. BMC Public Health 2014, 14(Suppl 1):O22 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/14/S1/O22 Open Access Results A total of 46.3% of the medical staff had ever used T&CM in their life and 32.5% of them used T&CM in the last one year, while 48.6% of the medical staff had ever referred T&CM to their patients or families in their life, and 25.2% of them referred T&CM in the last one year. Knowledge regarding T&CM was poor but positive perception regard- ing education in T&CM was high. Knowledge regarding T&CM was significantly higher in Hospital Duchess of Kent (52%, p = 0.001), among non-Malays (44%, p = 0.047), and pharmacists (47.2%, p = 0.03). Positive percep- tion regarding education in T&CM among medical staff was higher among females (88.1%, p = 0.002) and pharma- cists (93.7%, p < 0.001). There was no significant associa- tion between practice of T&CM and perception of education in T&CM. doi:10.1186/1471-2458-14-S1-O22 Cite this article as: Abuduli et al.: The practice of traditional and complementary medicine and factors associated with it among the medical staff in Malaysia. BMC Public Health 2014 14(Suppl 1):O22. Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of: • Convenient online submission • Thorough peer review • No space constraints or color figure charges • Immediate publication on acceptance • Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar • Research which is freely available for redistribution Submit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit . This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons /licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in perly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// pplies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated. Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of: Submit your next manuscript to BioMed Central and take full advantage of: • Convenient online submission • Thorough peer review • No space constraints or color figure charges • Immediate publication on acceptance • Inclusion in PubMed, CAS, Scopus and Google Scholar • Research which is freely available for redistribution Submit your manuscript at www.biomedcentral.com/submit © 2014 Abuduli et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http:// creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated.

5484519_1

Court Listener

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

Unknown

Unknown

Motion by Association of Justices of the Supreme Court of the State of New York et al. for leave to appear amici curiae on the appeal herein granted to the extent that the proposed brief is accepted as filed. Chief Judge Kaye taking no part.

US-470803D-A_1

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

Letter-box Nd Model.) Y I; P. HUBBARD. LETTER BOX. v No. 470,803. Patented Mar. 15, 1892. Fig: 1. Fig/1E. m2 noams PETE; co mommo jmsumamn, u. c. UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE. FREDERIC P. HUBBARD, OF DURHAM, CONNECTICUT. LETTER-BOX. SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 470,803, dated March 15,1892. Application filed July 21, 1 8 91. To all whom it may concern.- Beit known that I, FREDERIC P. HUBBART), a citizen of the United States, and aresident of Durham, in the county of Middlesex and State of Connecticut, have invented a new and Improved Mail-Box, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description. The object of my invention is to provide a mail-box of cheap and simple construction, designed to receive letters and to hold upon the outside papers, magazines, and such mailmatter as cannot be dropped into the box through the slit designed to receive letters, due. Reference is to be had to the accompanying drawings, which form a part of this specification, and in which similarletters of reference indicate corresponding parts in both figures. Figure 1 is a front elevation of a mail-box constructed in accordance with my invention. Fig. 2 is a side elevation of the same. The body A of the box may be of anysuitable size and shape and may be made of sheet metal or of any other suitable material. The front of the box is closed by a door B, to the inner surface of which a lock L is applied for locking the door. To the outer surface, and preferably near the top of the door, is attached a pair of hooks C C to receive papers, magazines, and other mail-matter which may be too large to be dropped into the box through the slit D at the top. These hooks are hinged, preferably, by means of a sleeve or tube E, so that they may be turned back to the position shown in Fig. 2, out of the way when not in use, and to adapt the box to be packed in small space for shipment. The said hooks are by preference made of a single piece of wire bent so as to form acentral straight portion a, held in the tube E, the two downwardly- Serial No. 400,257. (IT 0 model.) projecting portions a a, the bottom loops or curves a a and the upwardlyextending hook portions a a F F are small lugs or stops attached to and projecting out beyond the edges of the box and located alittle below the hinge of the hooks to limit the downward or backward movement of the hooks, so that when tipped down they will be held firmly in position for use by the said lugs, as clearly illustrated in Fig. 1. Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is v 1. The combination, with a mail-box, of two open hooks adapted to receive and hold mail-matter, hinged to the box and held at the sides thereof, and adapted to be turned back at the sides of described. 2. The door B of a mail-box, provided at its front with hinged hooks held outside of the plane of the sides of the box and adapted to be turned back, substantially as described. 3. The combination, with a mail-box, of suitable hooks hinged at the front thereof and held outside the plane of the sides of the box, and suitable stops F, arranged substantially as and for the purpose set forth. 4. The door B ofa mail-box, provided at its front with a loop or tube E and lugs F, in combination with hooks C, hinged in said loop or tube and held outside of the plane of the sides of the box, substantially as and for the purposes set forth. FREDERIC P. HUBBARD. Witnesses: L. M. LEACH, RALPH K. HUBBARD. the box, substantially as.

1001250_2001_3

SEC

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

We assume no responsibility to update forward-looking statements made herein or otherwise. Item 7A. Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk. The information required by this item is set forth in Item 7 of this Annual Report on Form 10-K under the captions "Liquidity and Capital Resources - Market Risk" and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 8. Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data. The information required by this item appears beginning on page of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and is incorporated herein by reference. Item 9. Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure. Not applicable. PART III The information required by Item 10 Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K. (a) 1, 2. Financial Statements and Schedules - See index on Page. 3. Exhibits - Exhibit Description Number ----------- ------ 3.1 Form of Restated Certificate of Incorporation (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to Amendment No. 3 to our Registration Statement on Form S-1 (No. 33-97180) on November 13, 1995 (the "S-1")).* 3.2 Certificate of Amendment to Restated Certificate of Incorporation (filed as Exhibit 3.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 1999).* 3.3 Amended and Restated By-laws (filed as Exhibit 3.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 1999).* 10.1 Form of Stockholders' Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the S-1).* 10.1a Amendment No. 1 to Stockholders' Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 1996).* 10.1b Amendment No. 2 to Stockholders' Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 1996 (the "FY 1997 Q2 10-Q")).* 10.1c Amendment No. 3 to Stockholder's Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 1997 (the "FY 1997 Q3 10-Q")).* 10.1d Amendment No. 4 to Stockholders' Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.1d to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended June 30, 2000 ("FY 2000 10-K)).* 10.2 Form of Registration Rights Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to the S-1).* 10.2a First Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1996).* 10.2b Second Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to the FY 1997 Q3 10-Q).* 10.2c Third Amendment to Registration Rights Agreement. 10.3 Fiscal 1996 Share Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.3 to the S-1).* + 10.4 Fiscal 1999 Share Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 4(c) to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-66851) on November 5, 1998).* + 10.5 The Estee Lauder Inc. Retirement Growth Account Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.5 to our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the fiscal year ended June 30, 1999 (the "FY 1999 10-K")).* + 10.6 The Estee Lauder Inc. Retirement Benefits Restoration Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.6 to the FY 1999 10-K).* + 10.7 Executive Annual Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 10.2 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended December 31, 1998).* + 10.8 Employment Agreement with Leonard A. Lauder. + 10.9 Employment Agreement with Ronald S. Lauder (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended September 30, 2000).* + 10.10 Employment Agreement with Fred H. Langhammer (filed as Exhibit 10.10 to the FY 2000 10-K)."+ 10.10a Amendment to Employment Agreement with Fred H. Langhammer. + 10.11 Employment Agreement with Daniel J. Brestle. + 10.12 Employment Agreement with William P. Lauder (filed as Exhibit 10.1 to Amendment No. 2 to our Registration Statement on Form S-3 (No. 333-77977) on May 19, 1999).* + 10.13 Employment Agreement with Patrick Bousquet-Chavanne (filed as Exhibit 10.13 to the FY 1999 10-K).* + 10.14 Form of Deferred Compensation Agreement (interest-based) with Outside Directors. + 10.15 Form of Deferred Compensation Agreement (stock-based) with Outside Directors. + 10.16 Non-Employee Director Share Incentive Plan (filed as Exhibit 4(d) to our Registration Statement on Form S-8 (No. 333-49606) filed on November 9, 2000).* + 21.1 List of significant subsidiaries. 23.1 Consent of Arthur Andersen LLP. 24.1 Power of Attorney. (b) Reports on Form 8-K. On April 24, 2001, we filed a Current Report on Form 8-K. Pursuant to Item 5 of Form 8-K, we reported the results of the quarter ended March 31, 2001 and we updated our then existing estimates of anticipated sales growth and earnings per share for fiscal 2001. On June 28, 2001, we filed a Current Report on Form 8-K. Pursuant to Item 5 of Form 8-K, we reported our then anticipated full year earnings per share range for fiscal 2001, restructuring and other non-recurring expenses related to certain operations and our then existing estimate of anticipated net sales and earnings per share for fiscal 2002. ----------- * Incorporated herein by reference. + Exhibit is a management contract or compensatory plan or arrangement. SIGNATURES Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. By /s/ RICHARD W. KUNES ------------------------------- Richard W. Kunes Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer Date: September 17, 2001 Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the registrant and in the capacities and on the date indicated. ----------------- * By signing his name hereto, Richard W. Kunes signs this document in the capacities indicated above and on behalf of the persons indicated above pursuant to powers of attorney duly executed by such persons and filed herewith. By /s/ RICHARD W. KUNES -------------------------- Richard W. Kunes (Attorney-in-Fact) THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SCHEDULE Page ---- Financial Statements: Report of Independent Public Accountants................................. Consolidated Statements of Earnings...................................... Consolidated Balance Sheets.............................................. Consolidated Statements of Stockholders' Equity and Comprehensive Income................................................................... Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows.................................... Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements............................... Financial Statement Schedule: Report of Independent Public Accountants on Schedule..................... S-1 Schedule II - Valuation and Qualifying Accounts.......................... S-2 All other schedules are omitted because they are not applicable or the required information is included in the consolidated financial statements or notes thereto. REPORT OF INDEPENDENT PUBLIC ACCOUNTANTS To The Estee Lauder Companies Inc.: We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of The Estee Lauder Companies Inc. (a Delaware corporation) and subsidiaries as of June 30, 2001 and 2000, and the related consolidated statements of earnings, stockholders' equity and comprehensive income and cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2001. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Company's management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits in accordance with auditing standards generally accepted in the United States. Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion. In our opinion, the financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of The Estee Lauder Companies Inc. and subsidiaries as of June 30, 2001 and 2000, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended June 30, 2001 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States. ARTHUR ANDERSEN LLP New York, New York August 10, 2001 See notes to consolidated financial statements. See notes to consolidated financial statements. See notes to consolidated financial statements. See notes to consolidated financial statements. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 1 -- DESCRIPTION OF BUSINESS The Estee Lauder Companies Inc. manufactures, markets and sells skin care, makeup, fragrance and hair care products around the world. Products are marketed under the following brand names: Estee Lauder, Clinique, Aramis, Prescriptives, Origins, M.A.C, Bobbi Brown, La Mer, jane, Aveda, Stila, Jo Malone and Bumble and bumble. The Estee Lauder Companies Inc. is also the global licensee of the Tommy Hilfiger, Donna Karan and Kate Spade brands for fragrances and cosmetics. NOTE 2 -- SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES Principles of Consolidation The accompanying consolidated financial statements include the accounts of The Estee Lauder Companies Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, the "Company"). All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated. Net Earnings Per Common Share Net earnings per common share ("basic EPS") is computed by dividing net earnings, after deducting preferred stock dividends on the Company's $6.50 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock, by the weighted average number of common shares outstanding and contingently issuable shares (which satisfy certain conditions). Net earnings per common share assuming dilution ("diluted EPS") is computed by reflecting potential dilution from the exercise of stock options. A reconciliation between the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted EPS computations is as follows: THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Cash and Cash Equivalents Cash and cash equivalents include $232.2 million and $169.8 million of short-term time deposits at June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The Company considers all highly liquid investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents. Accounts Receivable Accounts receivable is stated net of the allowance for doubtful accounts and customer deductions of $26.8 million and $31.7 million as of June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively. Currency Translation and Transactions All assets and liabilities of foreign subsidiaries and affiliates are translated at year-end rates of exchange, while revenue and expenses are translated at weighted average rates of exchange for the year. Unrealized translation gains or losses are reported as cumulative translation adjustments through other comprehensive income. Such adjustments amounted to $38.0 million and $20.6 million of unrealized translation losses in fiscal 2001 and 2000, respectively. The Company enters into forward foreign exchange contracts and foreign currency options to hedge foreign currency transactions for periods consistent with its identified exposures. Accordingly, the Company categorizes these instruments as entered into for purposes other than trading. Premiums on foreign currency options are amortized based on changes in the time-value of the options for the reporting period. The accompanying consolidated statements of earnings include net exchange gains of $9.2 million and net exchange losses of $4.3 million and $1.8 million in fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. See Note 9. Inventory and Promotional Merchandise Inventory and promotional merchandise only includes inventory considered saleable or usable in future periods, and is stated at the lower of cost or market, with cost being determined on the first-in, first-out method. Promotional merchandise is charged to expense at the time the merchandise is shipped to the Company's customers. June 30 -------------------- 2001 2000 -------- -------- (In millions) Inventory and promotional merchandise consists of: Raw materials ................................... $ 172.9 $ 140.9 Work in process ................................. 24.4 21.5 Finished goods .................................. 308.0 271.2 Promotional merchandise ......................... 125.0 112.7 -------- -------- $ 630.3 $ 546.3 ======== ======== THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Property, Plant and Equipment Property, plant and equipment is carried at cost less accumulated depreciation and amortization. For financial statement purposes, depreciation is provided principally on the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the assets ranging from 3 to 40 years. Leasehold improvements are amortized on a straight-line basis over the shorter of the lives of the respective leases or the expected useful lives of those improvements. June 30 ---------------------- 2001 2000 -------- -------- (In millions) Land ............................................. $ 12.7 $ 13.0 Buildings and improvements ....................... 135.7 134.9 Machinery and equipment .......................... 563.2 490.1 Furniture and fixtures ........................... 77.5 95.8 Leasehold improvements ........................... 311.2 240.4 -------- -------- 1,100.3 974.2 Less accumulated depreciation and amortization ... 571.6 493.9 -------- -------- $ 528.7 $ 480.3 ======== ======== Depreciation and amortization of property, plant and equipment was $112.1 million, $90.3 million and $68.5 million in fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. Goodwill Goodwill is calculated as the excess of the cost of purchased businesses over the value of their underlying net assets and is amortized on a straight-line basis over the estimated period of benefit, currently between 20 and 40 years. Goodwill is reported net of accumulated amortization of $63.7 million and $42.8 million at June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively. See the "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" section for a discussion of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") Nos. 141 and 142. Other Intangible Assets Other intangible assets principally consist of purchased royalty rights and trademarks. The cost of other intangible assets is amortized on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives. Other intangible assets are reported net of accumulated amortization of $100.4 million and $90.8 million at June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively. See the "Recently Issued Accounting Standards" section for a discussion of SFAS Nos. 141 and 142. Long-Lived Assets In accordance with SFAS No. 121, "Accounting for the Impairment of Long-Lived Assets and for Long-Lived Assets to Be Disposed Of", long-lived assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of the assets in question may not be recoverable. An impairment would be recorded in circumstances where undiscounted cash flows expected to be generated by an asset are less than the carrying value of that asset. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income The components of accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) ("OCI") included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets consist of the following: Of the $2.0 million net derivative instruments loss recorded in OCI at June 30, 2001, $0.7 million, net of tax, relates to forward contracts that the Company estimates will be reclassified to earnings as losses during the next twelve months. The remaining $1.3 million, net of tax, relates to interest rate swaps and options. OCI gains or losses relating to interest rate swaps or options will be charged to earnings over the remaining life of the debt instruments (through February 2005). Revenue Recognition Revenues from merchandise sales are recorded at the time the product is shipped to the customer. The Company reports its sales levels on a net sales basis, which is computed by deducting from gross sales the amount of actual returns received and an amount established for anticipated returns. As a percent of gross sales, returns were 4.9% in fiscal 2001, 4.4% in fiscal 2000 and 5.0% in fiscal 1999. Advertising and Promotion Costs associated with advertising are expensed during the year as incurred. Global advertising expenses, which primarily include television, radio and print media, and promotional expenses, such as products used as sales incentives, were $1,255.3 million, $1,195.8 million and $1,100.8 million in fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Research and Development Research and development costs, which amounted to $62.2 million, $53.8 million and $48.0 million in fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively, are expensed as incurred. Related Party Royalties and Trademarks Under agreements covering the Company's purchase of trademarks for a percentage of related sales, royalty payments totaling $16.0 million, $15.5 million and $14.9 million in fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively, have been charged to income. Such payments were made to Mrs. Estee Lauder. During fiscal 1996, the Company purchased a stockholder's rights to receive certain U.S. royalty payments for $88.5 million, which was fully amortized in November 2000. In fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, $6.6 million, $17.7 million and $17.7 million, respectively, were amortized as charges against income. Stock Compensation The Company observes the provisions of SFAS No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation", by continuing to apply the provisions of Accounting Principles Board ("APB") Opinion No. 25, "Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees", while providing the required pro forma disclosures as if the fair value method had been applied. See Note 14. Concentration of Credit Risk The Company is a worldwide manufacturer, marketer and distributor of skin care, makeup, fragrance and hair care products. Domestic and international sales are made primarily to department stores, specialty retailers, perfumeries and pharmacies. The Company grants credit to all qualified customers, and does not believe it is exposed significantly to any undue concentration of credit risk. In each of fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, one department store group accounted for 11% of the Company's net sales. In those same years, another department store group accounted for 10%, 10% and 11%, respectively, of the Company's net sales. Management Estimates The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses reported in those financial statements. Actual results could differ from those estimates and assumptions. Derivative Financial Instruments Effective July 1, 2000, the Company adopted SFAS No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities", as amended by SFAS No. 138, "Accounting for Certain Derivative Instruments and Certain Hedging Activities". These Statements established accounting and reporting standards for derivative instruments, including certain derivative instruments embedded in other contracts, and for hedging activities. SFAS No. 133, as amended, requires the recognition of all derivative instruments as either assets or liabilities in the statement of financial position measured at fair value. In accordance with the provisions of SFAS No. 133, as amended, the Company recorded a non-cash charge to earnings of $2.2 million, after tax, to reflect the change in time-value from the dates of the derivative instruments' inception through the date of transition (July 1, 2000). This charge is reflected as the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Recently Issued Accounting Standards The Emerging Issues Task Force ("EITF") has reached consensus on Issue No. 00-10, "Accounting for Shipping and Handling Fees and Costs". This consensus addresses how shipping and handling costs that are billed to a customer in a sales transaction should be recognized. This guidance became effective for the Company's fiscal 2001 fourth quarter. Generally, the Company does not charge for shipping to its customers that are retailers and, accordingly, the adoption of this rule did not have a material impact on the Company's consolidated financial results. The EITF has reached consensus on Issue No. 00-14, "Accounting for Certain Sales Incentives". This consensus addresses when sales incentives and discounts should be recognized, as well as where the related revenues and expenses should be classified in the financial statements. Currently, the cost of merchandise used in the Company's gift-with-purchase and purchase-with-purchase activities, as well as any related revenues, are reported net, as operating expenses, in the accompanying consolidated statements of earnings. Upon adoption, the Company will classify revenues generated by these promotional activities as sales resulting in an increase of approximately 1.0% to 2.0% in net sales. The cost of promotional merchandise will be reclassified as a cost of sales. Although operating income will remain unchanged, gross margins will decrease by approximately 5.0% to 6.0% of sales, offset by a corresponding decrease in operating expenses. Due to variations in the Company's launch calendar and the timing of promotions, the Company anticipates greater fluctuations in its gross margins and operating expenses on a quarter-by-quarter basis. Issue No. 00-14 will become effective in the Company's fiscal 2002 third quarter and will be applied retroactively for purposes of comparability. The EITF has reached a consensus on Issue No. 00-25, "Accounting for Consideration from a Vendor to a Retailer in Connection with the Purchase or Promotion of the Vendor's Products". The consensus provides guidance on the income statement classification of consideration from a vendor to a retailer in connection with the retailer's purchase of the vendor's products or to promote sales of the vendor's products. Issue No. 00-25 becomes effective for quarters beginning after December 15, 2001. The Company currently accounts for transactions (e.g., certain promotional allowances to retailers) in accordance with Issue No. 00-25 and, thus, this consensus will not have an impact on the Company's consolidated financial results. In June 2001, SFAS No. 141, "Business Combinations" and SFAS No. 142, "Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets" were issued. These Statements establish financial accounting and reporting standards for acquired goodwill and other intangible assets. Specifically, the standards address how acquired intangible assets should be accounted for both at the time of acquisition and after they have been recognized in the financial statements. The provisions of SFAS No. 141 apply to all business combinations initiated after June 30, 2001. SFAS No. 142 is effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2001; however, early application is permitted for entities with fiscal years beginning after March 15, 2001. The Company has adopted this standard effective July 1, 2001 and, accordingly, those intangible assets that will continue to be classified as goodwill or as other intangibles with indefinite lives will no longer be amortized. This could result in the exclusion of approximately $21 million in amortization expense for the fiscal year ending June 30, 2002. In accordance with SFAS No. 142, intangible assets, including purchased goodwill, will be evaluated periodically for impairment. The Company's initial evaluations are expected to be completed by September 30, 2001. NOTE 3 -- PUBLIC OFFERINGS During May and June 2000, members of the Lauder family sold 8,482,000 shares of Class A Common Stock in a registered public offering. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of these shares. During May and June 1999, members of the Lauder family sold 7,386,000 shares of Class A Common Stock in a registered public offering. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of these shares. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 4 -- ACQUISITION OF BUSINESSES At various times during fiscal 2001, the Company acquired businesses engaged in the wholesale distribution and retail sale of Aveda and Stila products, as well as other products, in the United States and other countries. Additionally, the Company entered into purchase transactions to acquire wholesale distributor businesses in Chile and Israel. At various times during fiscal 2000, the Company acquired businesses engaged in the wholesale distribution and retail sale of Aveda products in the United States and the United Kingdom. In June 2000, the Company acquired, for cash, a majority equity interest in Bumble and Bumble Products, LLC, a marketer and distributor of hair care products, and Bumble and Bumble, LLC, which operates a salon in New York City. In April 2000, the Company acquired, for cash, the business of Gloss.com, Inc. a multi-brand Internet beauty site. The Gloss.com website has been taken down, and will be re-launched as a multi-brand e-commerce site carrying several of the Company's brands and two brands of other companies. In October 1999, the Company acquired Jo Malone Limited, a London-based marketer of prestige skin care and fragrance products, for cash. In August 1999, the Company acquired the business of Stila Cosmetics, Inc., a manufacturer and marketer of makeup products, for cash. The aggregate purchase price for these transactions, which includes acquisition costs, was approximately $16.0 million in fiscal 2001 and $186.6 million in fiscal 2000 and each transaction was accounted for using the purchase method of accounting. Accordingly, the results of operations for each of the acquired businesses are included in the accompanying consolidated financial statements commencing with its date of original acquisition. Pro forma results of operations, as if each of such businesses had been acquired as of the beginning of the year of acquisition, have not been presented, as the impact on the Company's consolidated financial results would not have been material. NOTE 5 -- RESTRUCTURING AND OTHER NON-RECURRING EXPENSES During the fourth quarter of fiscal 2001, the Company recorded one-time charges for restructuring and other non-recurring expenses related to repositioning certain businesses as part of the Company's ongoing efforts to drive long-term growth and increase profitability. The restructuring and other non-recurring expenses focused on four areas: product fixtures for the jane brand; in-store "tommy's shops"; information systems and other assets; and global brand reorganization. The Company has committed to a defined plan of action, which resulted in an aggregate pre-tax charge of $63.0 million, of which $35.9 million is cash related. On an after-tax basis, the aggregate charge was $40.3 million, equal to $.17 per diluted share. Specifically, the charge included the following: 1. jane. jane is switching from its traditional wall displays to a carded program. The charge included a $16.1 million write-down of existing jane product fixtures and the return of uncarded product from virtually all of the 13,000 distribution outlets in the United States. 2. "tommy's shops". The Company is also restructuring the in-store "tommy's shops" to focus on the most productive locations and has decided to close certain shops that have underperformed relative to expectations. As a result, the Company has recorded a $6.3 million provision for the closing of 86 under-performing in-store "tommy's shops", located in the United States, and for related product returns. 3. Information systems and other assets. In response to changing technology and the Company's new strategic direction, the charge included a $16.2 million provision for costs associated with the reevaluation of supply chain systems that the Company will no longer utilize and with the elimination of unproductive assets related to the change to standard financial systems. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 4. Global brand reorganization. The Company recorded $20.8 million related to benefits and severance packages for 75 management employees who were affected by the reconfiguration to a global brand structure and another $3.6 million related to infrastructure costs. Following is a summary of the charges as recorded in the consolidated statement of earnings for fiscal 2001: The restructuring charge was recorded in other accrued liabilities or as a reduction of fixed assets. During fiscal 2001, $0.7 million was paid and through August 31, 2001 an additional $3.0 million was paid. The Company expects to settle a majority of the remaining obligations by the end of fiscal 2002 with certain severance payments made ratably through fiscal 2004. NOTE 6 -- INCOME TAXES The provision for income taxes is comprised of the following: Year Ended June 30 ---------------------------------- 2001 2000 1999 -------- -------- -------- (In millions) Current: Federal .................. $ 74.0 $ 93.9 $ 88.6 Foreign .................. 87.6 82.4 68.8 State and local .......... 7.7 13.8 14.1 -------- -------- -------- 169.3 190.1 171.5 -------- -------- -------- Deferred: Federal .................. 3.7 (0.2) (4.3) Foreign .................. 0.5 (4.1) 0.9 State and local .......... 0.5 (1.2) (0.8) -------- -------- -------- 4.7 (5.5) (4.2) -------- -------- -------- $ 174.0 $ 184.6 $ 167.3 ======== ======== ======== THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS A reconciliation between the provision for income taxes computed by applying the statutory Federal income tax rate to earnings before income taxes and minority interest and the actual provision for income taxes is as follows: Significant components of the Company's deferred income tax assets and liabilities as of June 30, 2001 and 2000 were as follows: THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS As of June 30, 2001 and 2000, the Company had current net deferred tax assets of $83.1 million and $93.5 million, respectively, which are included in prepaid expenses and other current assets in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets, and noncurrent net deferred tax assets of $70.1 million and $48.9 million, respectively. Federal income and foreign withholding taxes have not been provided on $476.4 million, $442.2 million and $412.0 million of undistributed earnings of international subsidiaries at June 30, 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. The Company intends to permanently reinvest these earnings in its foreign operations, except where it is able to repatriate these earnings to the United States without any material incremental tax provision. As of June 30, 2001 and 2000, certain international subsidiaries had tax loss carryforwards for local tax purposes of approximately $21.4 million and $26.4 million, respectively. With the exception of $10.6 million of losses with an indefinite carryforward period as of June 30, 2001, these losses expire at various dates through fiscal 2005. Deferred tax assets in the amount of $3.8 million and $5.6 million as of June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively, have been recorded to reflect the tax benefits of the losses not utilized to date. A full valuation allowance has been provided since, in the opinion of management, it is more likely than not that the deferred tax assets will not be realized. Earnings before income taxes and minority interest include amounts contributed by the Company's international operations of $307.2 million, $281.2 million and $277.2 million for fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively. NOTE 7 -- OTHER ACCRUED LIABILITIES Other accrued liabilities consist of the following: June 30 -------------------- 2001 2000 -------- -------- (In millions) Advertising and promotional accruals ......... $ 157.0 $ 190.5 Employee compensation ........................ 182.6 178.4 Other ........................................ 192.5 205.2 -------- -------- $ 532.1 $ 574.1 ======== ======== THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 8 -- DEBT The Company's short-term and long-term debt and available financing consist of the following: The Company maintains uncommitted credit facilities in various regions throughout the world. Interest rate terms for these facilities vary by region and reflect prevailing market rates for companies with strong credit ratings. During fiscal 2001 and 2000, the monthly average amount outstanding was approximately $18.6 million and $32.3 million, respectively, and the annualized monthly weighted average interest rate incurred was approximately 6.5% and 5.4%, respectively. During fiscal 1998, the Company entered into a 2% loan payable in Japan. Principal repayments of 350.0 million yen, approximately $2.8 million at current rates, will be made semi-annually through 2003. Effective June 28, 2001, the Company entered into a new five-year $400.0 million revolving credit facility, expiring on June 28, 2006, which includes an annual fee of .07% on the total commitment. The new facility replaced a five-year $400.0 million revolving credit facility entered into in July 1996. The 1996 facility had an annual fee of .06% on the total commitment. At June 30, 2001 and 2000, the Company was in compliance with all related financial and other restrictive covenants, including limitations on indebtedness and liens. Commercial paper is classified as long-term debt based upon the Company's intent and ability to refinance on a long-term basis. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS NOTE 9 -- FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS Derivative Financial Instruments The Company addresses certain financial exposures through a controlled program of risk management that includes the use of derivative financial instruments. The Company primarily enters into foreign currency forward exchange contracts and foreign currency options to reduce the effects of fluctuating foreign currency exchange rates. The Company enters into interest rate swaps and options to manage the effects of interest rate movements on the Company's aggregate liability portfolio. The Company categorizes these instruments as entered into for purposes other than trading. All derivatives are recognized on the balance sheet at their fair value. On the date the derivative contract is entered into, the Company designates the derivative as (i) a hedge of the fair value of a recognized asset or liability or of an unrecognized firm commitment ("fair value" hedge), (ii) a hedge of a forecasted transaction or of the variability of cash flows to be received or paid related to a recognized asset or liability ("cash flow" hedge), (iii) a foreign-currency fair-value or cash-flow hedge ("foreign currency" hedge), (iv) a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation, or (v) "held for trading" ("trading" instruments). Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective as (and that is designated and qualifies as) a fair-value hedge, along with the loss or gain on the hedged asset or liability that is attributable to the hedged risk (including losses or gains on firm commitments), are recorded in current-period earnings. Changes in the fair value of a derivative that is highly effective as (and that is designated and qualifies as) a cash-flow hedge are recorded in other comprehensive income, until earnings are affected by the variability of cash flows (e.g., when periodic settlements on a variable-rate asset or liability are recorded in earnings). Changes in the fair value of derivatives that are highly effective as (and that are designated and qualify as) foreign-currency hedges are recorded in either current-period earnings or other comprehensive income, depending on whether the hedge transaction is a fair-value hedge (e.g., a hedge of a firm commitment that is to be settled in a foreign currency) or a cash-flow hedge (e.g., a foreign-currency-denominated forecasted transaction). If, however, a derivative is used as a hedge of a net investment in a foreign operation, its changes in fair value, to the extent effective as a hedge, are recorded in accumulated other comprehensive income within equity. Furthermore, changes in the fair value of derivative trading instruments are reported in current-period earnings. The Company formally documents all relationships between hedging instruments and hedged items, as well as its risk-management objective and strategy for undertaking various hedge transactions. This process includes linking all derivatives that are designated as fair-value, cash-flow, or foreign-currency hedges to specific assets and liabilities on the balance sheet or to specific firm commitments or forecasted transactions. The Company also formally assesses, both at the hedge's inception and on an ongoing basis, whether the derivatives that are used in hedging transactions are highly effective in offsetting changes in fair values or cash flows of hedged items. If it is determined that a derivative is not highly effective, or that it has ceased to be a highly effective hedge, the Company will be required to discontinue hedge accounting with respect to that derivative prospectively. Foreign Exchange Risk Management The Company enters into forward exchange contracts to hedge purchases, receivables and payables denominated in foreign currencies for periods consistent with the Company's identified exposures. The purpose of the hedging activities is to minimize the effect of foreign exchange rate movements on costs and on the cash flows that the Company receives from foreign subsidiaries. Almost all foreign currency contracts are denominated in currencies of major industrial countries and are with large financial institutions rated as strong investment grade by a major rating agency. The Company also enters into foreign currency options to hedge anticipated transactions where there is a high probability that anticipated exposures will materialize. The forward exchange contracts and foreign currency options have been designated as cash-flow hedges. As of June 30, 2001, these cash-flow hedges were highly effective, in all material respects. As a matter of policy, the Company only enters into contracts with counterparties that have at least an "A" (or equivalent) credit rating. The counterparties to these contracts are major financial institutions. The Company does not have significant exposure to any one counterparty. Exposure to credit loss in the event of nonperformance by any of the counterparties is THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS limited to only the recognized, but not realized, gains attributable to the contracts. Management believes risk of loss under these hedging contracts is remote and in any event would not be material to the Company's consolidated financial results. The contracts have varying maturities through the end of August 2002. Costs associated with entering into such contracts have not been material to the Company's consolidated financial results. The Company does not utilize derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. At June 30, 2001, we had foreign currency contracts in the form of forward exchange contracts in the amount of $148.2 million. The foreign currencies included in these contracts (notional value stated in U.S. dollars) are principally the Japanese yen ($53.9 million), Swiss franc ($28.8 million), Korean won ($18.5 million), Taiwan dollar ($13.7 million), British pound ($13.2 million), Euro ($8.5 million) and Mexican peso ($6.8 million). At June 30, 2000, the Company had foreign currency contracts in the form of forward exchange contracts in the amount of $219.6 million and deferred unrealized gains and losses of $1.3 million and $1.4 million, respectively. The foreign currencies included in these contracts (notional value stated in U.S. dollars) are principally the Japanese yen ($80.2 million), Swiss franc ($65.9 million), British pound ($17.1 million), Euro ($9.5 million), Danish krone ($8.0 million) and Mexican peso ($7.1 million). Interest Rate Risk Management The Company has entered into an interest rate swap agreement to exchange floating rate for fixed rate interest payments periodically over the life of the agreement. In addition, the Company has purchased interest rate options that offer similar interest rate protection. The interest rate swap and options have been designated as cash-flow hedges and were highly effective as of June 30, 2001. At June 30, 2000, deferred unrealized gains from the interest rate swap and options were $2.4 million and $2.6 million, respectively. Information regarding the interest rate swap and options is presented in the following table: Fair Value of Financial Instruments The following methods and assumptions were used to estimate the fair value of each class of financial instruments for which it is practicable to estimate that value: Cash and cash equivalents: The carrying amount approximates fair value, primarily because of the short maturity of cash equivalent instruments. Long-term debt: The fair value of the Company's long-term debt was estimated based on the current rates offered to the Company for debt with the same remaining maturities. Included in such amount is the fair value of the Company's commercial paper and interest rate swap and option agreements. Such fair value has been determined based upon estimated termination costs. Cumulative redeemable preferred stock: The fair value of the cumulative redeemable preferred stock is estimated utilizing a cash flow analysis at a discount rate equal to rates available for debt with terms similar to the preferred stock. Forward exchange contracts: The fair value of forward exchange contracts is the estimated amount the Company would receive or pay to terminate the agreements. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The estimated fair values of the Company's financial instruments are as follows: NOTE 10 -- PENSION, DEFERRED COMPENSATION AND POSTRETIREMENT BENEFIT PLANS The Company maintains pension plans covering substantially all of its full-time employees for its U.S. operations and a majority of its international operations. Most plans provide pension benefits based primarily on years of service and employees' earnings. Retirement Growth Account Plan (U.S.) The Retirement Growth Account Plan is a trust-based, noncontributory defined benefit pension plan. The Company's funding policy consists of an annual contribution at a rate that matches pension costs accrued, if any. Such contribution is not less than the minimum required by the Employee Retirement Income Security Act of 1974, as amended ("ERISA") and subsequent pension legislation and is not more than the maximum amount deductible for income tax purposes. Restoration Plan (U.S.) The Company also has an unfunded, nonqualified domestic benefit Restoration Plan to provide benefits in excess of Internal Revenue Code limitations. International Pension Plans The Company maintains International Pension Plans, the most significant of which are defined benefit pension plans. The Company's funding policies for these plans are determined by local tax laws and regulations. Postretirement Benefits The Company maintains a contributory postretirement benefit plan which provides certain medical and dental benefits to eligible employees. Retired employees who are receiving monthly pension benefits are eligible for participation in the plan. Contributions required and benefits received by retirees and eligible family members are dependent on the age of the retiree. It is the Company's practice to fund these benefits as incurred. Certain of the Company's international subsidiaries and affiliates have postretirement plans, although most participants are covered by government-sponsored or administered programs. The cost of the Company-sponsored programs is not significant. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The significant components of the above mentioned plans as of and for the year ended June 30 are summarized as follows: Assumed health care cost trend rates have a significant effect on the amounts reported for the health care plans. A one-percentage-point change in assumed health care cost trend rates for fiscal 2001 would have had the following effects: THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS The projected benefit obligation, accumulated benefit obligation and fair value of plan assets for certain U.S. and international pension plans with accumulated benefit obligations in excess of the plans' assets at June 30 are as follows: Pension Plans ----------------------------------- U.S. International --------------- ----------------- (In millions) 2001 2000 2001 2000 ---- ---- ---- ---- Projected benefit obligation ........... $ 63.8 $ 58.3 $ 92.9 $ 20.0 Accumulated benefit obligation ......... 46.0 42.2 79.0 16.0 Fair value of plan assets .............. - - - - Incentive Thrift Plan (U.S.) The Company's Incentive Thrift Plan ("Thrift Plan") is a contributory defined contribution plan covering substantially all regular full-time U.S. employees who have completed one year of service, as defined by the plan document. The Thrift Plan is subject to the applicable provisions of ERISA. The Company matches a portion of the participant's contributions under a predetermined formula based on the participant's contribution level and years of service. The Company's contributions were approximately $6.7 million for the fiscal year ended June 30, 2001 and $5.8 million and $4.8 million in fiscal 2000 and 1999, respectively. Deferred Compensation The Company accrues for deferred compensation and interest thereon and for the increase in the value of share units pursuant to agreements with certain key executives and outside directors. The amounts included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets under these plans were $87.3 million and $79.4 million as of June 30, 2001 and 2000, respectively. The expense for fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999 was $11.6 million, $12.3 million and $15.3 million, respectively. NOTE 11 -- POSTEMPLOYMENT BENEFITS OTHER THAN TO RETIREES The Company provides certain postemployment benefits to eligible former or inactive employees and their dependents during the period subsequent to employment but prior to retirement. These benefits include certain disability and health care coverage and severance benefits. Generally, the cost of providing these benefits is accrued and any incremental benefits were not material to the Company's consolidated financial results. NOTE 12 -- $6.50 CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE PREFERRED STOCK, AT REDEMPTION VALUE As of June 30, 2001, the Company's authorized capital stock included 23.6 million shares of preferred stock, par value $.01 per share, of which 3.6 million shares are outstanding and designated as $6.50 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock. The outstanding preferred stock was issued in June 1995 in exchange for nonvoting common stock of the Company owned by The Estee Lauder 1994 Trust. Holders of the $6.50 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock are entitled to receive cumulative cash dividends at a rate of $6.50 per annum per share payable in quarterly installments. Such dividends have preference over all other dividends of stock issued by the Company. Shares are subject to mandatory redemption on June 30, 2005 at a redemption price of $100 per share. Following such date and so long as such mandatory redemption obligations have not been discharged in full, no dividends may be paid or THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS declared upon the Class A or Class B Common Stock, or on any other capital stock ranking junior to or in parity with such $6.50 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock and no shares of Class A or Class B Common Stock or such junior or parity stock may be redeemed or acquired for any consideration by the Company. Under certain circumstances, the Company may redeem the stock, in whole or in part, prior to the mandatory redemption date. Holders of such stock may put such shares to the Company at a price of $100 per share upon the occurrence of certain events. The Company recorded the $6.50 Cumulative Redeemable Preferred Stock at its redemption value of $360.0 million and charged this amount, net of the par value of the shares of nonvoting common stock exchanged, to stockholders' equity in fiscal 1995. NOTE 13 -- COMMON STOCK As of June 30, 2001, the Company's authorized common stock consists of 650 million shares of Class A Common Stock, par value $.01 per share, and 240 million shares of Class B Common Stock, par value $.01 per share. Class B Common Stock is convertible into Class A Common Stock, in whole or in part, at any time and from time to time at the option of the holder, on the basis of one share of Class A Common Stock for each share of Class B Common Stock converted. Holders of the Company's Class A Common Stock are entitled to one vote per share and holders of the Company's Class B Common Stock are entitled to ten votes per share. On April 26, 1999, the Company's Board of Directors approved a two-for-one stock split in the form of a 100% stock dividend on all of the Company's outstanding Class A and Class B Common Stock. All share data prior thereto has been restated to reflect the stock split. Information about the Company's common stock outstanding is as follows: Class A Class B --------- --------- (Shares in thousands) Balance at June 30, 1998 ........... 122,935.9 113,679.3 Acquisition of treasury stock ...... (504.8) - Share grants ....................... 1.0 - Stock option programs .............. 1,049.1 - --------- --------- Balance at June 30, 1999 ........... 123,481.2 113,679.3 Acquisition of treasury stock ...... (589.5) - Share grants ....................... 2.9 - Share units converted .............. 100.0 - Stock option programs .............. 1,187.1 - --------- --------- Balance at June 30, 2000 ........... 124,181.7 113,679.3 Acquisition of treasury stock ...... (0.9) - Conversion of Class B to Class A ... 189.0 (189.0) Stock option programs .............. 806.2 - --------- --------- Balance at June 30, 2001 ........... 125,176.0 113,490.3 ========= ========= On September 18, 1998, the Company's Board of Directors authorized a share repurchase program. The Company has purchased, and may continue to purchase, over an unspecified period of time, a total of up to eight million shares of Class A Common Stock in the open market or in privately negotiated transactions, depending on market conditions and other factors. NOTE 14 -- STOCK PROGRAMS The Company has established the Fiscal 1999 Share Incentive Plan, the Fiscal 1996 Share Incentive Plan and the Non-Employee Director Share Incentive Plan (collectively, the "Plans") and, additionally, has made available stock options and share units that were, or will be, granted pursuant to these Plans and certain employment agreements. These stock-based compensation programs are described below. THE ESTEE LAUDER COMPANIES INC. NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS Total net compensation expense attributable to the granting of share units and the increase in value of existing share units was $0.7 million, $1.6 million and $8.9 million in fiscal 2001, 2000 and 1999, respectively.

https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/blob/master/python/cudf/cudf/tests/test_indexing.py

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

cudf

rapidsai

Python

Code

# Copyright (c) 2021-2023, NVIDIA CORPORATION. from datetime import datetime from itertools import combinations import cupy import numpy as np import pandas as pd import pytest import cudf from cudf.testing import _utils as utils from cudf.testing._utils import ( INTEGER_TYPES, assert_eq, assert_exceptions_equal, ) index_dtypes = INTEGER_TYPES @pytest.fixture def pdf_gdf(): pdf = pd.DataFrame( {"a": [1, 2, 3], "b": ["c", "d", "e"]}, index=["one", "two", "three"] ) gdf = cudf.from_pandas(pdf) return pdf, gdf @pytest.fixture def pdf_gdf_multi(): pdf = pd.DataFrame(np.random.rand(7, 5)) pdfIndex = pd.MultiIndex( [ ["a", "b", "c"], ["house", "store", "forest"], ["clouds", "clear", "storm"], ["fire", "smoke", "clear"], ], [ [0, 0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 2], [1, 1, 1, 1, 0, 0, 2], [0, 0, 2, 2, 2, 0, 1], [0, 0, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1], ], ) pdfIndex.names = ["alpha", "location", "weather", "sign"] pdf.index = pdfIndex gdf = cudf.from_pandas(pdf) return pdf, gdf @pytest.mark.parametrize( "i1, i2, i3", ( [ (slice(None, 12), slice(3, None), slice(None, None, 2)), (range(12), range(3, 12), range(0, 9, 2)), (np.arange(12), np.arange(3, 12), np.arange(0, 9, 2)), (list(range(12)), list(range(3, 12)), list(range(0, 9, 2))), ( pd.Series(range(12)), pd.Series(range(3, 12)), pd.Series(range(0, 9, 2)), ), ( cudf.Series(range(12)), cudf.Series(range(3, 12)), cudf.Series(range(0, 9, 2)), ), ( [i in range(12) for i in range(20)], [i in range(3, 12) for i in range(12)], [i in range(0, 9, 2) for i in range(9)], ), ( np.array([i in range(12) for i in range(20)], dtype=bool), np.array([i in range(3, 12) for i in range(12)], dtype=bool), np.array([i in range(0, 9, 2) for i in range(9)], dtype=bool), ), ] + [ ( np.arange(12, dtype=t), np.arange(3, 12, dtype=t), np.arange(0, 9, 2, dtype=t), ) for t in index_dtypes ] ), ids=( [ "slice", "range", "numpy.array", "list", "pandas.Series", "Series", "list[bool]", "numpy.array[bool]", ] + ["numpy.array[%s]" % np.dtype(t).type.__name__ for t in index_dtypes] ), ) def test_series_indexing(i1, i2, i3): a1 = np.arange(20) series = cudf.Series(a1) # Indexing sr1 = series.iloc[i1] assert sr1.null_count == 0 np.testing.assert_equal(sr1.to_numpy(), a1[:12]) sr2 = sr1.iloc[i2] assert sr2.null_count == 0 np.testing.assert_equal(sr2.to_numpy(), a1[3:12]) # Index with stride sr3 = sr2.iloc[i3] assert sr3.null_count == 0 np.testing.assert_equal(sr3.to_numpy(), a1[3:12:2]) # Integer indexing if isinstance(i1, range): for i in i1: # Python int-s assert series[i] == a1[i] if isinstance(i1, np.ndarray) and i1.dtype in index_dtypes: for i in i1: # numpy integers assert series[i] == a1[i] @pytest.mark.parametrize( "arg", [ 1, -1, "b", np.int32(1), np.uint32(1), np.int8(1), np.uint8(1), np.int16(1), np.uint16(1), np.int64(1), np.uint64(1), ], ) def test_series_get_item_iloc_defer(arg): # Indexing for non-numeric dtype Index ps = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=pd.Index(["a", "b", "c"])) gs = cudf.from_pandas(ps) expect = ps[arg] got = gs[arg] assert_eq(expect, got) def test_series_iloc_defer_cudf_scalar(): ps = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=pd.Index(["a", "b", "c"])) gs = cudf.from_pandas(ps) for t in index_dtypes: arg = cudf.Scalar(1, dtype=t) got = gs[arg] expect = 2 assert_eq(expect, got) def test_series_indexing_large_size(): n_elem = 100_000 gsr = cudf.Series(cupy.ones(n_elem)) gsr[0] = None got = gsr[gsr.isna()] expect = cudf.Series([None], dtype="float64") assert_eq(expect, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize("psr", [pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["a", "b", "c"])]) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "arg", ["b", ["a", "c"], slice(1, 2, 1), [True, False, True]] ) def test_series_get_item(psr, arg): gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) expect = psr[arg] got = gsr[arg] assert_eq(expect, got) def test_dataframe_column_name_indexing(): df = cudf.DataFrame() data = np.asarray(range(10), dtype=np.int32) df["a"] = data df[1] = data np.testing.assert_equal( df["a"].to_numpy(), np.asarray(range(10), dtype=np.int32) ) np.testing.assert_equal( df[1].to_numpy(), np.asarray(range(10), dtype=np.int32) ) pdf = pd.DataFrame() nelem = 10 pdf["key1"] = np.random.randint(0, 5, nelem) pdf["key2"] = np.random.randint(0, 3, nelem) pdf[1] = np.arange(1, 1 + nelem) pdf[2] = np.random.random(nelem) df = cudf.from_pandas(pdf) assert_eq(df[df.columns], df) assert_eq(df[df.columns[:1]], df[["key1"]]) for i in range(1, len(pdf.columns) + 1): for idx in combinations(pdf.columns, i): assert pdf[list(idx)].equals(df[list(idx)].to_pandas()) # test for only numeric columns df = pd.DataFrame() for i in range(0, 10): df[i] = range(nelem) gdf = cudf.DataFrame.from_pandas(df) assert_eq(gdf, df) assert_eq(gdf[gdf.columns], gdf) assert_eq(gdf[gdf.columns[:3]], gdf[[0, 1, 2]]) def test_dataframe_slicing(): df = cudf.DataFrame() size = 123 df["a"] = ha = np.random.randint(low=0, high=100, size=size).astype( np.int32 ) df["b"] = hb = np.random.random(size).astype(np.float32) df["c"] = hc = np.random.randint(low=0, high=100, size=size).astype( np.int64 ) df["d"] = hd = np.random.random(size).astype(np.float64) # Row slice first 10 first_10 = df[:10] assert len(first_10) == 10 assert tuple(first_10.columns) == ("a", "b", "c", "d") np.testing.assert_equal(first_10["a"].to_numpy(), ha[:10]) np.testing.assert_equal(first_10["b"].to_numpy(), hb[:10]) np.testing.assert_equal(first_10["c"].to_numpy(), hc[:10]) np.testing.assert_equal(first_10["d"].to_numpy(), hd[:10]) del first_10 # Row slice last 10 last_10 = df[-10:] assert len(last_10) == 10 assert tuple(last_10.columns) == ("a", "b", "c", "d") np.testing.assert_equal(last_10["a"].to_numpy(), ha[-10:]) np.testing.assert_equal(last_10["b"].to_numpy(), hb[-10:]) np.testing.assert_equal(last_10["c"].to_numpy(), hc[-10:]) np.testing.assert_equal(last_10["d"].to_numpy(), hd[-10:]) del last_10 # Row slice [begin:end] begin = 7 end = 121 subrange = df[begin:end] assert len(subrange) == end - begin assert tuple(subrange.columns) == ("a", "b", "c", "d") np.testing.assert_equal(subrange["a"].to_numpy(), ha[begin:end]) np.testing.assert_equal(subrange["b"].to_numpy(), hb[begin:end]) np.testing.assert_equal(subrange["c"].to_numpy(), hc[begin:end]) np.testing.assert_equal(subrange["d"].to_numpy(), hd[begin:end]) del subrange @pytest.mark.parametrize("step", [1, 2, 5]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("scalar", [0, 20, 100]) def test_dataframe_loc(scalar, step): size = 123 pdf = pd.DataFrame( { "a": np.random.randint(low=0, high=100, size=size), "b": np.random.random(size).astype(np.float32), "c": np.random.random(size).astype(np.float64), "d": np.random.random(size).astype(np.float64), } ) pdf.index.name = "index" df = cudf.DataFrame.from_pandas(pdf) assert_eq(df.loc[:, ["a"]], pdf.loc[:, ["a"]]) assert_eq(df.loc[:, "d"], pdf.loc[:, "d"]) # Scalar label assert_eq(df.loc[scalar], pdf.loc[scalar]) # Full slice assert_eq(df.loc[:, "c"], pdf.loc[:, "c"]) # Repeat with at[] assert_eq(df.loc[:, ["a"]], df.at[:, ["a"]]) assert_eq(df.loc[:, "d"], df.at[:, "d"]) assert_eq(df.loc[scalar], df.at[scalar]) assert_eq(df.loc[:, "c"], df.at[:, "c"]) begin = 110 end = 122 assert_eq( df.loc[begin:end:step, ["c", "d", "a"]], pdf.loc[begin:end:step, ["c", "d", "a"]], ) assert_eq(df.loc[begin:end, ["c", "d"]], pdf.loc[begin:end, ["c", "d"]]) # Slicing on columns: assert_eq( df.loc[begin:end:step, "a":"c"], pdf.loc[begin:end:step, "a":"c"] ) # Slicing of size 1: assert_eq(df.loc[begin:begin, "a"], pdf.loc[begin:begin, "a"]) # TODO: Pandas changes the dtype here when it shouldn't assert_eq( df.loc[begin, "a":"a"], pdf.loc[begin, "a":"a"], check_dtype=False ) # Repeat with at[] assert_eq( df.loc[begin:end:step, ["c", "d", "a"]], df.at[begin:end:step, ["c", "d", "a"]], ) assert_eq(df.loc[begin:end, ["c", "d"]], df.at[begin:end, ["c", "d"]]) assert_eq(df.loc[begin:end:step, "a":"c"], df.at[begin:end:step, "a":"c"]) assert_eq(df.loc[begin:begin, "a"], df.at[begin:begin, "a"]) assert_eq(df.loc[begin, "a":"a"], df.at[begin, "a":"a"], check_dtype=False) # Make int64 index offset = 50 df2 = df[offset:] pdf2 = pdf[offset:] begin = 117 end = 122 assert_eq( df2.loc[begin:end, ["c", "d", "a"]], pdf2.loc[begin:end, ["c", "d", "a"]], ) # loc with list like indexing assert_eq(df.loc[[0]], pdf.loc[[0]]) # loc with column like indexing assert_eq(df.loc[cudf.Series([0])], pdf.loc[pd.Series([0])]) assert_eq(df.loc[cudf.Series([0])._column], pdf.loc[pd.Series([0])]) assert_eq(df.loc[np.array([0])], pdf.loc[np.array([0])]) def test_dataframe_loc_duplicate_index_scalar(): pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}, index=[1, 2, 1, 4, 2]) gdf = cudf.DataFrame.from_pandas(pdf) pdf_sorted = pdf.sort_values(by=list(pdf.columns), axis=0) gdf_sorted = gdf.sort_values(by=list(gdf.columns), axis=0) assert_eq(pdf_sorted, gdf_sorted) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "mask", [[True, False, False, False, False], [True, False, True, False, True]], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize("arg", ["a", slice("a", "a"), slice("a", "b")]) def test_dataframe_loc_mask(mask, arg): pdf = pd.DataFrame( {"a": ["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"], "b": ["f", "g", "h", "i", "j"]} ) gdf = cudf.DataFrame.from_pandas(pdf) assert_eq(pdf.loc[mask, arg], gdf.loc[mask, arg]) def test_dataframe_loc_outbound(): df = cudf.DataFrame() size = 10 df["a"] = ha = np.random.randint(low=0, high=100, size=size).astype( np.int32 ) df["b"] = hb = np.random.random(size).astype(np.float32) pdf = pd.DataFrame() pdf["a"] = ha pdf["b"] = hb assert_exceptions_equal(lambda: pdf.loc[11], lambda: df.loc[11]) def test_series_loc_numerical(): ps = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], index=[5, 6, 7, 8, 9]) gs = cudf.Series.from_pandas(ps) assert_eq(ps.loc[5], gs.loc[5]) assert_eq(ps.loc[6], gs.loc[6]) assert_eq(ps.loc[6:8], gs.loc[6:8]) assert_eq(ps.loc[:8], gs.loc[:8]) assert_eq(ps.loc[6:], gs.loc[6:]) assert_eq(ps.loc[::2], gs.loc[::2]) assert_eq(ps.loc[[5, 8, 9]], gs.loc[[5, 8, 9]]) assert_eq( ps.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], gs.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], ) assert_eq(ps.loc[[5, 8, 9]], gs.loc[cupy.array([5, 8, 9])]) def test_series_loc_float_index(): ps = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], index=[5.43, 6.34, 7.34, 8.0, 9.1]) gs = cudf.Series.from_pandas(ps) assert_eq(ps.loc[5.43], gs.loc[5.43]) assert_eq(ps.loc[8], gs.loc[8]) assert_eq(ps.loc[6.1:8], gs.loc[6.1:8]) assert_eq(ps.loc[:7.1], gs.loc[:7.1]) assert_eq(ps.loc[6.345:], gs.loc[6.345:]) assert_eq(ps.loc[::2], gs.loc[::2]) assert_eq( ps.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], gs.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], ) def test_series_loc_string(): ps = pd.Series( [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], index=["one", "two", "three", "four", "five"] ) gs = cudf.Series.from_pandas(ps) assert_eq(ps.loc["one"], gs.loc["one"]) assert_eq(ps.loc["five"], gs.loc["five"]) assert_eq(ps.loc["two":"four"], gs.loc["two":"four"]) assert_eq(ps.loc[:"four"], gs.loc[:"four"]) assert_eq(ps.loc["two":], gs.loc["two":]) assert_eq(ps.loc[::2], gs.loc[::2]) assert_eq(ps.loc[["one", "four", "five"]], gs.loc[["one", "four", "five"]]) assert_eq( ps.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], gs.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], ) def test_series_loc_datetime(): ps = pd.Series( [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], index=pd.date_range("20010101", "20010105") ) gs = cudf.Series.from_pandas(ps) # a few different ways of specifying a datetime label: assert_eq(ps.loc["20010101"], gs.loc["20010101"]) assert_eq(ps.loc["2001-01-01"], gs.loc["2001-01-01"]) assert_eq( ps.loc[pd.to_datetime("2001-01-01")], gs.loc[pd.to_datetime("2001-01-01")], ) assert_eq( ps.loc[np.datetime64("2001-01-01")], gs.loc[np.datetime64("2001-01-01")], ) assert_eq( ps.loc["2001-01-02":"2001-01-05"], gs.loc["2001-01-02":"2001-01-05"], check_freq=False, ) assert_eq(ps.loc["2001-01-02":], gs.loc["2001-01-02":], check_freq=False) assert_eq(ps.loc[:"2001-01-04"], gs.loc[:"2001-01-04"], check_freq=False) assert_eq(ps.loc[::2], gs.loc[::2], check_freq=False) assert_eq( ps.loc[["2001-01-01", "2001-01-04", "2001-01-05"]], gs.loc[["2001-01-01", "2001-01-04", "2001-01-05"]], ) assert_eq( ps.loc[ [ pd.to_datetime("2001-01-01"), pd.to_datetime("2001-01-04"), pd.to_datetime("2001-01-05"), ] ], gs.loc[ [ pd.to_datetime("2001-01-01"), pd.to_datetime("2001-01-04"), pd.to_datetime("2001-01-05"), ] ], ) assert_eq( ps.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], gs.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], check_freq=False, ) just_less_than_max = ps.index.max() - pd.Timedelta("5m") assert_eq( ps.loc[:just_less_than_max], gs.loc[:just_less_than_max], check_freq=False, ) def test_series_loc_categorical(): ps = pd.Series( [1, 2, 3, 4, 5], index=pd.Categorical(["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]) ) gs = cudf.Series.from_pandas(ps) assert_eq(ps.loc["a"], gs.loc["a"]) assert_eq(ps.loc["e"], gs.loc["e"]) assert_eq(ps.loc["b":"d"], gs.loc["b":"d"]) assert_eq(ps.loc[:"d"], gs.loc[:"d"]) assert_eq(ps.loc["b":], gs.loc["b":]) assert_eq(ps.loc[::2], gs.loc[::2]) # order of categories changes, so we can only # compare values: assert_eq( ps.loc[["a", "d", "e"]].values, gs.loc[["a", "d", "e"]].to_numpy() ) assert_eq( ps.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], gs.loc[[True, False, True, False, True]], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "obj", [ pd.DataFrame( {"a": [1, 2, 3, 4]}, index=pd.MultiIndex.from_frame( pd.DataFrame( {"A": [2, 3, 1, 4], "B": ["low", "high", "high", "low"]} ) ), ), pd.Series( [1, 2, 3, 4], index=pd.MultiIndex.from_frame( pd.DataFrame( {"A": [2, 3, 1, 4], "B": ["low", "high", "high", "low"]} ) ), ), ], ) def test_dataframe_series_loc_multiindex(obj): pindex = pd.MultiIndex.from_frame( pd.DataFrame({"A": [3, 2], "B": ["high", "low"]}) ) gobj = cudf.from_pandas(obj) gindex = cudf.MultiIndex.from_pandas(pindex) # cudf MultiIndex as arg expected = obj.loc[pindex] got = gobj.loc[gindex] assert_eq(expected, got) # pandas MultiIndex as arg expected = obj.loc[pindex] got = gobj.loc[pindex] assert_eq(expected, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize("nelem", [2, 5, 20, 100]) def test_series_iloc(nelem): # create random cudf.Series np.random.seed(12) ps = pd.Series(np.random.sample(nelem)) # gpu cudf.Series gs = cudf.Series(ps) # positive tests for indexing np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[-1 * nelem], ps.iloc[-1 * nelem]) np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[-1], ps.iloc[-1]) np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[0], ps.iloc[0]) np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[1], ps.iloc[1]) np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[nelem - 1], ps.iloc[nelem - 1]) # positive tests for slice np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[-1:1].to_numpy(), ps.iloc[-1:1]) np.testing.assert_allclose( gs.iloc[nelem - 1 : -1].to_numpy(), ps.iloc[nelem - 1 : -1] ) np.testing.assert_allclose( gs.iloc[0 : nelem - 1].to_pandas(), ps.iloc[0 : nelem - 1] ) np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[0:nelem].to_pandas(), ps.iloc[0:nelem]) np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[1:1].to_pandas(), ps.iloc[1:1]) np.testing.assert_allclose(gs.iloc[1:2].to_pandas(), ps.iloc[1:2].values) np.testing.assert_allclose( gs.iloc[nelem - 1 : nelem + 1].to_pandas(), ps.iloc[nelem - 1 : nelem + 1], ) np.testing.assert_allclose( gs.iloc[nelem : nelem * 2].to_pandas(), ps.iloc[nelem : nelem * 2] ) @pytest.mark.parametrize("nelem", [2, 5, 20, 100]) def test_dataframe_iloc(nelem): gdf = cudf.DataFrame() gdf["a"] = ha = np.random.randint(low=0, high=100, size=nelem).astype( np.int32 ) gdf["b"] = hb = np.random.random(nelem).astype(np.float32) pdf = pd.DataFrame() pdf["a"] = ha pdf["b"] = hb gdf.index.name = "index" pdf.index.name = "index" assert_eq(gdf.iloc[-1:1], pdf.iloc[-1:1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem - 1 : -1], pdf.iloc[nelem - 1 : -1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[0 : nelem - 1], pdf.iloc[0 : nelem - 1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[0:nelem], pdf.iloc[0:nelem]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[1:1], pdf.iloc[1:1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[1:2], pdf.iloc[1:2]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem - 1 : nelem + 1], pdf.iloc[nelem - 1 : nelem + 1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem : nelem * 2], pdf.iloc[nelem : nelem * 2]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[-1 * nelem], pdf.iloc[-1 * nelem]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[-1], pdf.iloc[-1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[0], pdf.iloc[0]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[1], pdf.iloc[1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem - 1], pdf.iloc[nelem - 1]) # Repeat the above with iat[] assert_eq(gdf.iloc[-1:1], gdf.iat[-1:1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem - 1 : -1], gdf.iat[nelem - 1 : -1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[0 : nelem - 1], gdf.iat[0 : nelem - 1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[0:nelem], gdf.iat[0:nelem]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[1:1], gdf.iat[1:1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[1:2], gdf.iat[1:2]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem - 1 : nelem + 1], gdf.iat[nelem - 1 : nelem + 1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem : nelem * 2], gdf.iat[nelem : nelem * 2]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[-1 * nelem], gdf.iat[-1 * nelem]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[-1], gdf.iat[-1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[0], gdf.iat[0]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[1], gdf.iat[1]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[nelem - 1], gdf.iat[nelem - 1]) # iloc with list like indexing assert_eq(gdf.iloc[[0]], pdf.iloc[[0]]) # iloc with column like indexing assert_eq(gdf.iloc[cudf.Series([0])], pdf.iloc[pd.Series([0])]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[cudf.Series([0])._column], pdf.iloc[pd.Series([0])]) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[np.array([0])], pdf.loc[np.array([0])]) def test_dataframe_iloc_tuple(): gdf = cudf.DataFrame() nelem = 123 gdf["a"] = ha = np.random.randint(low=0, high=100, size=nelem).astype( np.int32 ) gdf["b"] = hb = np.random.random(nelem).astype(np.float32) pdf = pd.DataFrame() pdf["a"] = ha pdf["b"] = hb assert_eq(gdf.iloc[1, [1]], pdf.iloc[1, [1]], check_dtype=False) assert_eq(gdf.iloc[:, -1], pdf.iloc[:, -1]) def test_dataframe_iloc_index_error(): gdf = cudf.DataFrame() nelem = 123 gdf["a"] = ha = np.random.randint(low=0, high=100, size=nelem).astype( np.int32 ) gdf["b"] = hb = np.random.random(nelem).astype(np.float32) pdf = pd.DataFrame() pdf["a"] = ha pdf["b"] = hb with pytest.raises(IndexError): pdf.iloc[nelem * 2] with pytest.raises(IndexError): gdf.iloc[nelem * 2] @pytest.mark.parametrize("ntake", [0, 1, 10, 123, 122, 200]) def test_dataframe_take(ntake): np.random.seed(0) df = cudf.DataFrame() nelem = 123 df["ii"] = np.random.randint(0, 20, nelem) df["ff"] = np.random.random(nelem) take_indices = np.random.randint(0, len(df), ntake) actual = df.take(take_indices) expected = df.to_pandas().take(take_indices) assert actual.ii.null_count == 0 assert actual.ff.null_count == 0 assert_eq(actual, expected) @pytest.mark.parametrize("ntake", [1, 2, 8, 9]) def test_dataframe_take_with_multiindex(ntake): np.random.seed(0) df = cudf.DataFrame( index=cudf.MultiIndex( levels=[["lama", "cow", "falcon"], ["speed", "weight", "length"]], codes=[[0, 0, 0, 1, 1, 1, 2, 2, 2], [0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2, 0, 1, 2]], ) ) nelem = 9 df["ii"] = np.random.randint(0, 20, nelem) df["ff"] = np.random.random(nelem) take_indices = np.random.randint(0, len(df), ntake) actual = df.take(take_indices) expected = df.to_pandas().take(take_indices) assert_eq(actual, expected) @pytest.mark.parametrize("ntake", [0, 1, 10, 123, 122, 200]) def test_series_take(ntake): np.random.seed(0) nelem = 123 psr = pd.Series(np.random.randint(0, 20, nelem)) gsr = cudf.Series(psr) take_indices = np.random.randint(0, len(gsr), ntake) actual = gsr.take(take_indices) expected = psr.take(take_indices) assert_eq(actual, expected) def test_series_take_positional(): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5], index=["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]) gsr = cudf.Series.from_pandas(psr) take_indices = [1, 2, 0, 3] expect = psr.take(take_indices) got = gsr.take(take_indices) assert_eq(expect, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize("nelem", [0, 1, 5, 20, 100]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("slice_start", [None, 0, 1, 3, 10, -10]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("slice_end", [None, 0, 1, 30, 50, -1]) def test_dataframe_masked_slicing(nelem, slice_start, slice_end): gdf = cudf.DataFrame() gdf["a"] = list(range(nelem)) gdf["b"] = list(range(nelem, 2 * nelem)) gdf["a"] = gdf["a"]._column.set_mask(utils.random_bitmask(nelem)) gdf["b"] = gdf["b"]._column.set_mask(utils.random_bitmask(nelem)) def do_slice(x): return x[slice_start:slice_end] expect = do_slice(gdf.to_pandas()) got = do_slice(gdf).to_pandas() assert_eq(expect, got, check_dtype=False) @pytest.mark.parametrize("dtype", [int, float, str]) def test_empty_boolean_mask(dtype): gdf = cudf.datasets.randomdata(nrows=0, dtypes={"a": dtype}) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() compare_val = dtype(1) expected = pdf[pdf.a == compare_val] got = gdf[gdf.a == compare_val] assert_eq(expected, got) expected = pdf.a[pdf.a == compare_val] got = gdf.a[gdf.a == compare_val] assert_eq(expected, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "data", [ [1, 2, 3, 4], [1.0, 2.0, 3.0, 4.0], ["one", "two", "three", "four"], pd.Series(["a", "b", "c", "d"], dtype="category"), pd.Series(pd.date_range("2010-01-01", "2010-01-04")), ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "mask", [ [True, True, True, True], [False, False, False, False], [True, False, True, False], [True, False, False, True], np.array([True, False, True, False]), pd.Series([True, False, True, False]), cudf.Series([True, False, True, False]), ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize("nulls", ["one", "some", "all", "none"]) def test_series_apply_boolean_mask(data, mask, nulls): psr = pd.Series(data) if len(data) > 0: if nulls == "one": p = np.random.randint(0, 4) psr[p] = None elif nulls == "some": p1, p2 = np.random.randint(0, 4, (2,)) psr[p1] = None psr[p2] = None elif nulls == "all": psr[:] = None gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) # TODO: from_pandas(psr) has dtype "float64" # when psr has dtype "object" and is all None if psr.dtype == "object" and nulls == "all": gsr = cudf.Series([None, None, None, None], dtype="object") if isinstance(mask, cudf.Series): expect = psr[mask.to_pandas()] else: expect = psr[mask] got = gsr[mask] assert_eq(expect, got) def test_dataframe_apply_boolean_mask(): pdf = pd.DataFrame( { "a": [0, 1, 2, 3], "b": [0.1, 0.2, None, 0.3], "c": ["a", None, "b", "c"], } ) gdf = cudf.DataFrame.from_pandas(pdf) assert_eq(pdf[[True, False, True, False]], gdf[[True, False, True, False]]) """ This test compares cudf and Pandas DataFrame boolean indexing. """ @pytest.mark.parametrize( "mask_fn", [lambda x: x, lambda x: np.array(x), lambda x: pd.Series(x)] ) def test_dataframe_boolean_mask(mask_fn): mask_base = [ True, False, True, False, True, False, True, False, True, False, ] pdf = pd.DataFrame({"x": range(10), "y": range(10)}) gdf = cudf.from_pandas(pdf) mask = mask_fn(mask_base) assert len(mask) == gdf.shape[0] pdf_masked = pdf[mask] gdf_masked = gdf[mask] assert pdf_masked.to_string().split() == gdf_masked.to_string().split() @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ (0, 4), (1, 4), ([0, 1], 4), ([0, 1], [4, 5]), (slice(0, 2), [4, 5]), (slice(1, None), [4, 5, 6, 7]), ([], 1), ([], []), (slice(None, None), 1), (slice(-1, -3), 7), ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize("nulls", ["none", "some", "all"]) def test_series_setitem_basics(key, value, nulls): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) if nulls == "some": psr[[0, 4]] = None elif nulls == "all": psr[:] = None gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr[key] = value gsr[key] = value assert_eq(psr, gsr, check_dtype=False) def test_series_setitem_null(): gsr = cudf.Series([1, 2, 3, 4]) gsr[0] = None expect = cudf.Series([None, 2, 3, 4]) got = gsr assert_eq(expect, got) gsr = cudf.Series([None, 2, 3, 4]) gsr[0] = 1 expect = cudf.Series([1, 2, 3, 4]) got = gsr assert_eq(expect, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ (0, 4), (1, 4), ([0, 1], 4), ([0, 1], [4, 5]), (slice(0, 2), [4, 5]), (slice(1, None), [4, 5, 6, 7]), ([], 1), ([], []), (slice(None, None), 1), (slice(-1, -3), 7), ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize("nulls", ["none", "some", "all"]) def test_series_setitem_iloc(key, value, nulls): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) if nulls == "some": psr[[0, 4]] = None elif nulls == "all": psr[:] = None gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr.iloc[key] = value gsr.iloc[key] = value assert_eq(psr, gsr, check_dtype=False) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ pytest.param( 0, 0.5, ), ([0, 1], 0.5), ([0, 1], [0.5, 2.5]), (slice(0, 2), [0.5, 0.25]), ], ) def test_series_setitem_dtype(key, value): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], dtype="int32") gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr[key] = value gsr[key] = value assert_eq(psr, gsr) def test_series_setitem_datetime(): psr = pd.Series(["2001", "2002", "2003"], dtype="datetime64[ns]") gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr[0] = np.datetime64("2005") gsr[0] = np.datetime64("2005") assert_eq(psr, gsr) def test_series_setitem_datetime_coerced(): psr = pd.Series(["2001", "2002", "2003"], dtype="datetime64[ns]") gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr[0] = "2005" gsr[0] = "2005" assert_eq(psr, gsr) def test_series_setitem_categorical(): psr = pd.Series(["a", "b", "a", "c", "d"], dtype="category") gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr[0] = "d" gsr[0] = "d" assert_eq(psr, gsr) psr = psr.cat.add_categories(["e"]) gsr = gsr.cat.add_categories(["e"]) psr[0] = "e" gsr[0] = "e" assert_eq(psr, gsr) psr[[0, 1]] = "b" gsr[[0, 1]] = "b" assert_eq(psr, gsr) psr[0:3] = "e" gsr[0:3] = "e" assert_eq(psr, gsr) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ (0, "d"), (0, "g"), ([0, 1], "g"), ([0, 1], None), (slice(None, 2), "g"), (slice(None, 2), ["g", None]), ], ) def test_series_setitem_string(key, value): psr = pd.Series(["a", "b", "c", "d", "e"]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr[key] = value gsr[key] = value assert_eq(psr, gsr) psr = pd.Series(["a", None, "c", "d", "e"]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr[key] = value gsr[key] = value assert_eq(psr, gsr) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ ("a", 4), ("b", 4), ("b", np.int8(8)), ("d", 4), ("d", np.int8(16)), ("d", np.float32(16)), (["a", "b"], 4), (["a", "b"], [4, 5]), ([True, False, True], 4), ([False, False, False], 4), ([True, False, True], [4, 5]), ], ) def test_series_setitem_loc(key, value): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], ["a", "b", "c"]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr.loc[key] = value gsr.loc[key] = value assert_eq(psr, gsr) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ (1, "d"), (2, "e"), (4, "f"), ([1, 3], "g"), ([1, 3], ["g", "h"]), ([True, False, True], "i"), ([False, False, False], "j"), ([True, False, True], ["k", "l"]), ], ) def test_series_setitem_loc_numeric_index(key, value): psr = pd.Series(["a", "b", "c"], [1, 2, 3]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) psr.loc[key] = value gsr.loc[key] = value assert_eq(psr, gsr) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ ((0, 0), 5), ((slice(None), 0), 5), ((slice(None), 0), range(3)), ((slice(None, -1), 0), range(2)), (([0, 1], 0), 5), ], ) def test_dataframe_setitem_iloc(key, value, pdf_gdf): pdf, gdf = pdf_gdf pdf.iloc[key] = value gdf.iloc[key] = value assert_eq(pdf, gdf) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ (("one", "a"), 5), ((slice(None), "a"), 5), ((slice(None), "a"), range(3)), ((slice(None), "a"), [3, 2, 1]), ((slice(None, "two"), "a"), range(2)), ((slice(None, "two"), "a"), [4, 5]), ((["one", "two"], "a"), 5), (("one", "c"), 5), ((["one", "two"], "c"), 5), ((slice(None), "c"), 5), ((slice(None), "c"), range(3)), ((slice(None), "c"), [3, 2, 1]), ((slice(None, "two"), "c"), range(2)), ((slice(None, "two"), "c"), [4, 5]), ], ) def test_dataframe_setitem_loc(key, value, pdf_gdf): pdf, gdf = pdf_gdf pdf.loc[key] = value gdf.loc[key] = value assert_eq(pdf, gdf) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key, value", [ (("one", "a"), 5), ((slice(None), "a"), range(3)), ((slice(None), "a"), [3, 2, 1]), ], ) def test_dataframe_setitem_loc_empty_df(key, value): pdf, gdf = pd.DataFrame(), cudf.DataFrame() pdf.loc[key] = value gdf.loc[key] = value assert_eq(pdf, gdf, check_dtype=False) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key,value", [ ((0, 0), 5.0), ((slice(None), 0), 5.0), ((slice(None), 0), np.arange(7, dtype="float64")), ], ) def test_dataframe_setitem_iloc_multiindex(key, value, pdf_gdf_multi): pdf, gdf = pdf_gdf_multi pdf.iloc[key] = value gdf.iloc[key] = value assert_eq(pdf, gdf) def test_boolean_indexing_single_row(pdf_gdf): pdf, gdf = pdf_gdf assert_eq( pdf.loc[[True, False, False], :], gdf.loc[[True, False, False], :] ) def test_iloc_negative_indices(): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) assert_eq(psr.iloc[[-1, -2, -4]], gsr.iloc[[-1, -2, -4]]) def test_out_of_bounds_indexing(): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) assert_exceptions_equal( lambda: psr[[0, 1, 9]], lambda: gsr[[0, 1, 9]], ) assert_exceptions_equal( lambda: psr[[0, 1, -4]], lambda: gsr[[0, 1, -4]], ) assert_exceptions_equal( lambda: psr.__setitem__([0, 1, 9], 2), lambda: gsr.__setitem__([0, 1, 9], 2), ) assert_exceptions_equal( lambda: psr.__setitem__([0, 1, -4], 2), lambda: gsr.__setitem__([0, 1, -4], 2), ) assert_exceptions_equal( lambda: psr[4:6].iloc.__setitem__(-1, 2), lambda: gsr[4:6].iloc.__setitem__(-1, 2), ) assert_exceptions_equal( lambda: psr[4:6].iloc.__setitem__(1, 2), lambda: gsr[4:6].iloc.__setitem__(1, 2), ) def test_sliced_indexing(): a = list(range(4, 4 + 150)) b = list(range(0, 0 + 150)) pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": a, "b": b}) gdf = cudf.DataFrame.from_pandas(pdf) pdf = pdf.set_index("a") gdf = gdf.set_index("a") pidx = pdf.index[:75] gidx = gdf.index[:75] assert_eq(pdf.loc[pidx], gdf.loc[gidx]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("index", [["a"], ["a", "a"], ["a", "a", "b", "c"]]) def test_iloc_categorical_index(index): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"data": range(len(index))}, index=index) gdf.index = gdf.index.astype("category") pdf = gdf.to_pandas() expect = pdf.iloc[:, 0] got = gdf.iloc[:, 0] assert_eq(expect, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "sli", [ slice("2001", "2020"), slice("2001", "2002"), slice("2002", "2001"), slice(None, "2020"), slice("2001", None), ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize("is_dataframe", [True, False]) def test_loc_datetime_index(sli, is_dataframe): if is_dataframe is True: pd_data = pd.DataFrame( {"a": [1, 2, 3]}, index=pd.Series(["2001", "2009", "2002"], dtype="datetime64[ns]"), ) else: pd_data = pd.Series( [1, 2, 3], pd.Series(["2001", "2009", "2002"], dtype="datetime64[ns]"), ) gd_data = cudf.from_pandas(pd_data) expect = pd_data.loc[sli] got = gd_data.loc[sli] assert_eq(expect, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "gdf_kwargs", [ {"data": {"a": range(1000)}}, {"data": {"a": range(1000), "b": range(1000)}}, { "data": { "a": range(20), "b": range(20), "c": ["abc", "def", "xyz", "def", "pqr"] * 4, } }, {"index": [1, 2, 3]}, {"index": range(1000)}, {"columns": ["a", "b", "c", "d"]}, {"columns": ["a"], "index": range(1000)}, {"columns": ["a", "col2", "...col n"], "index": range(1000)}, {"index": cudf.Series(range(1000)).astype("str")}, { "columns": ["a", "b", "c", "d"], "index": cudf.Series(range(1000)).astype("str"), }, ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "slice", [ slice(6, None), # start but no stop, [6:] slice(None, None, 3), # only step, [::3] slice(1, 10, 2), # start, stop, step slice(3, -5, 2), # negative stop slice(-2, -4), # slice is empty slice(-10, -20, -1), # reversed slice slice(None), # slices everything, same as [:] slice(250, 500), slice(250, 251), slice(50), slice(1, 10), slice(10, 20), slice(15, 24), slice(6), ], ) def test_dataframe_sliced(gdf_kwargs, slice): gdf = cudf.DataFrame(**gdf_kwargs) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() actual = gdf[slice] expected = pdf[slice] assert_eq(actual, expected) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "gdf", [ cudf.DataFrame({"a": range(10000)}), cudf.DataFrame( { "a": range(10000), "b": range(10000), "c": range(10000), "d": range(10000), "e": range(10000), "f": range(10000), } ), cudf.DataFrame({"a": range(20), "b": range(20)}), cudf.DataFrame( { "a": range(20), "b": range(20), "c": ["abc", "def", "xyz", "def", "pqr"] * 4, } ), cudf.DataFrame(index=[1, 2, 3]), cudf.DataFrame(index=range(10000)), cudf.DataFrame(columns=["a", "b", "c", "d"]), cudf.DataFrame(columns=["a"], index=range(10000)), cudf.DataFrame(columns=["a", "col2", "...col n"], index=range(10000)), cudf.DataFrame(index=cudf.Series(range(10000)).astype("str")), cudf.DataFrame( columns=["a", "b", "c", "d"], index=cudf.Series(range(10000)).astype("str"), ), ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "slice", [slice(6), slice(1), slice(7), slice(1, 3)], ) def test_dataframe_iloc_index(gdf, slice): pdf = gdf.to_pandas() actual = gdf.iloc[:, slice] expected = pdf.iloc[:, slice] assert_eq(actual, expected) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "data", [ [[0], [1], [2]], [[0, 1], [2, 3], [4, 5]], [[[0, 1], [2]], [[3, 4]], [[5, 6]]], [None, [[0, 1], [2]], [[3, 4], [5, 6]]], [[], [[0, 1], [2]], [[3, 4], [5, 6]]], [[], [["a", "b"], None], [["c", "d"], []]], ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "key", [[], [0], [0, 1], [0, 1, 0], slice(None), slice(0, 2), slice(1, 3)] ) def test_iloc_with_lists(data, key): psr = pd.Series(data) gsr = cudf.Series(data) assert_eq(psr.iloc[key], gsr.iloc[key]) pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": data, "b": data}) gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"a": data, "b": data}) assert_eq(pdf.iloc[key], gdf.iloc[key]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("key", [5, -10, "0", "a", np.array(5), np.array("a")]) def test_loc_bad_key_type(key): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) assert_exceptions_equal(lambda: psr[key], lambda: gsr[key]) assert_exceptions_equal(lambda: psr.loc[key], lambda: gsr.loc[key]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("key", ["b", 1.0, np.array("b")]) def test_loc_bad_key_type_string_index(key): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3], index=["a", "1", "c"]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) assert_exceptions_equal(lambda: psr[key], lambda: gsr[key]) assert_exceptions_equal(lambda: psr.loc[key], lambda: gsr.loc[key]) def test_loc_zero_dim_array(): psr = pd.Series([1, 2, 3]) gsr = cudf.from_pandas(psr) assert_eq(psr[np.array(0)], gsr[np.array(0)]) assert_eq(psr[np.array([0])[0]], gsr[np.array([0])[0]]) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "arg", [ slice(None), slice((1, 2), None), slice(None, (1, 2)), (1, 1), pytest.param( (1, slice(None)), marks=pytest.mark.xfail( reason="https://github.com/pandas-dev/pandas/issues/46704" ), ), 1, 2, ], ) def test_loc_series_multiindex(arg): gsr = cudf.DataFrame( {"a": [1, 1, 2], "b": [1, 2, 3], "c": ["a", "b", "c"]} ).set_index(["a", "b"])["c"] psr = gsr.to_pandas() assert_eq(psr.loc[arg], gsr.loc[arg]) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "arg", [ slice(None, None, -1), slice(None, -1, -1), slice(4, -1, -1), slice(None, None, -3), slice(None, -1, -3), slice(4, -1, -3), ], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "pobj", [pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3, 4, 5]}), pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4, 5])] ) def test_iloc_before_zero_terminate(arg, pobj): gobj = cudf.from_pandas(pobj) assert_eq(pobj.iloc[arg], gobj.iloc[arg]) def test_iloc_decimal(): sr = cudf.Series(["1.00", "2.00", "3.00", "4.00"]).astype( cudf.Decimal64Dtype(scale=2, precision=3) ) got = sr.iloc[[3, 2, 1, 0]] expect = cudf.Series( ["4.00", "3.00", "2.00", "1.00"], ).astype(cudf.Decimal64Dtype(scale=2, precision=3)) assert_eq(expect.reset_index(drop=True), got.reset_index(drop=True)) @pytest.mark.parametrize( ("key, value"), [ ( ([0], ["x", "y"]), [10, 20], ), ( ([0, 2], ["x", "y"]), [[10, 30], [20, 40]], ), ( (0, ["x", "y"]), [10, 20], ), ( ([0, 2], "x"), [10, 20], ), ], ) def test_dataframe_loc_inplace_update(key, value): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() actual = gdf.loc[key] = value expected = pdf.loc[key] = value assert_eq(expected, actual) def test_dataframe_loc_inplace_update_string_index(): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}, index=list("abc")) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() actual = gdf.loc[["a"], ["x", "y"]] = [10, 20] expected = pdf.loc[["a"], ["x", "y"]] = [10, 20] assert_eq(expected, actual) @pytest.mark.parametrize( ("key, value"), [ ([0], [10, 20]), ([0, 2], [[10, 30], [20, 40]]), (([0, 2], [0, 1]), [[10, 30], [20, 40]]), (([0, 2], 0), [10, 30]), ((0, [0, 1]), [20, 40]), ], ) def test_dataframe_iloc_inplace_update(key, value): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() actual = gdf.iloc[key] = value expected = pdf.iloc[key] = value assert_eq(expected, actual) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "loc_key", [([0, 2], ["x", "y"])], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "iloc_key", [[0, 2]], ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( ("data, index"), [ ( {"x": [10, 20], "y": [30, 40]}, [0, 2], ) ], ) def test_dataframe_loc_iloc_inplace_update_with_RHS_dataframe( loc_key, iloc_key, data, index ): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() actual = gdf.loc[loc_key] = cudf.DataFrame(data, index=cudf.Index(index)) expected = pdf.loc[loc_key] = pd.DataFrame(data, index=pd.Index(index)) assert_eq(expected, actual) actual = gdf.iloc[iloc_key] = cudf.DataFrame(data, index=cudf.Index(index)) expected = pdf.iloc[iloc_key] = pd.DataFrame(data, index=pd.Index(index)) assert_eq(expected, actual) def test_dataframe_loc_inplace_update_with_invalid_RHS_df_columns(): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() actual = gdf.loc[[0, 2], ["x", "y"]] = cudf.DataFrame( {"b": [10, 20], "y": [30, 40]}, index=cudf.Index([0, 2]) ) expected = pdf.loc[[0, 2], ["x", "y"]] = pd.DataFrame( {"b": [10, 20], "y": [30, 40]}, index=pd.Index([0, 2]) ) assert_eq(expected, actual) @pytest.mark.parametrize( ("key, value"), [ (([0, 2], ["x", "y"]), [[10, 30, 50], [20, 40, 60]]), (([0], ["x", "y"]), [[10], [20]]), ], ) def test_dataframe_loc_inplace_update_shape_mismatch(key, value): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="shape mismatch:"): gdf.loc[key] = value @pytest.mark.parametrize( ("key, value"), [ ([0, 2], [[10, 30, 50], [20, 40, 60]]), ([0], [[10], [20]]), ], ) def test_dataframe_iloc_inplace_update_shape_mismatch(key, value): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="shape mismatch:"): gdf.iloc[key] = value def test_dataframe_loc_inplace_update_shape_mismatch_RHS_df(): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="shape mismatch:"): gdf.loc[([0, 2], ["x", "y"])] = cudf.DataFrame( {"x": [10, 20]}, index=cudf.Index([0, 2]) ) def test_dataframe_iloc_inplace_update_shape_mismatch_RHS_df(): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"x": [1, 2, 3], "y": [4, 5, 6]}) with pytest.raises(ValueError, match="shape mismatch:"): gdf.iloc[[0, 2]] = cudf.DataFrame( {"x": [10, 20]}, index=cudf.Index([0, 2]) ) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "array,is_error", [ (cupy.arange(20, 40).reshape(-1, 2), False), (cupy.arange(20, 50).reshape(-1, 3), True), (np.arange(20, 40).reshape(-1, 2), False), (np.arange(20, 30).reshape(-1, 1), False), (cupy.arange(20, 30).reshape(-1, 1), False), ], ) def test_dataframe_indexing_setitem_np_cp_array(array, is_error): gdf = cudf.DataFrame({"a": range(10), "b": range(10)}) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() if not is_error: gdf.loc[:, ["a", "b"]] = array pdf.loc[:, ["a", "b"]] = cupy.asnumpy(array) assert_eq(gdf, pdf) else: assert_exceptions_equal( lfunc=pdf.loc.__setitem__, rfunc=gdf.loc.__setitem__, lfunc_args_and_kwargs=( [(slice(None, None, None), ["a", "b"]), cupy.asnumpy(array)], {}, ), rfunc_args_and_kwargs=( [(slice(None, None, None), ["a", "b"]), array], {}, ), ) def test_iloc_single_row_with_nullable_column(): # see https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/11349 pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": [0, 1, 2, 3], "b": [0.1, 0.2, None, 0.4]}) df = cudf.from_pandas(pdf) df.iloc[0] # before the fix for #11349 this would segfault assert_eq(pdf.iloc[0], df.iloc[0]) def test_loc_single_row_from_slice(): # see https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/11930 pdf = pd.DataFrame({"a": [10, 20, 30], "b": [1, 2, 3]}).set_index("a") df = cudf.from_pandas(pdf) assert_eq(pdf.loc[5:10], df.loc[5:10]) @pytest.mark.parametrize("indexer", ["loc", "iloc"]) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "mask", [[False, True], [False, False, True, True, True]], ids=["too-short", "too-long"], ) def test_boolean_mask_wrong_length(indexer, mask): s = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4]) indexee = getattr(s, indexer) with pytest.raises(IndexError): indexee[mask] c = cudf.from_pandas(s) indexee = getattr(c, indexer) with pytest.raises(IndexError): indexee[mask] @pytest.mark.parametrize("indexer", ["loc", "iloc"]) def test_boolean_mask_columns(indexer): df = pd.DataFrame(np.zeros((3, 3))) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) mask = [True, False, True] expect = getattr(df, indexer)[:, mask] got = getattr(cdf, indexer)[:, mask] assert_eq(expect, got) @pytest.mark.parametrize("indexer", ["loc", "iloc"]) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "mask", [[False, True], [False, False, True, True, True]], ids=["too-short", "too-long"], ) def test_boolean_mask_columns_wrong_length(indexer, mask): df = pd.DataFrame(np.zeros((3, 3))) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) with pytest.raises(IndexError): getattr(df, indexer)[:, mask] with pytest.raises(IndexError): getattr(cdf, indexer)[:, mask] def test_boolean_mask_columns_iloc_series(): df = pd.DataFrame(np.zeros((3, 3))) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) mask = pd.Series([True, False, True], dtype=bool) with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError): df.iloc[:, mask] with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError): cdf.iloc[:, mask] @pytest.mark.parametrize("index_type", ["single", "slice"]) def test_loc_timestamp_issue_8585(index_type): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/8585 start = pd.Timestamp( datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 00:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") ) end = pd.Timestamp(datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 11:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")) timestamps = pd.date_range(start, end, periods=12) value = np.random.normal(size=12) df = pd.DataFrame(value, index=timestamps, columns=["value"]) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) if index_type == "single": index = pd.Timestamp( datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 03:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") ) elif index_type == "slice": index = slice(start, end, None) else: raise ValueError("Invalid index type") expect = df.loc[index] actual = cdf.loc[index] assert_eq(expect, actual) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "index_type", [ "single", pytest.param( "slice", marks=pytest.mark.xfail( reason="https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/8585" ), ), pytest.param( "date_range", marks=pytest.mark.xfail( reason="https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/8585" ), ), ], ) def test_loc_multiindex_timestamp_issue_8585(index_type): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/8585 start = pd.Timestamp( datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 00:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") ) end = pd.Timestamp(datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 03:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")) timestamps = pd.date_range(start, end, periods=4) labels = ["A", "B", "C"] index = pd.MultiIndex.from_product( [timestamps, labels], names=["timestamp", "label"] ) value = np.random.normal(size=12) df = pd.DataFrame(value, index=index, columns=["value"]) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) start = pd.Timestamp( datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 01:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") ) end = pd.Timestamp(datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 02:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M")) if index_type == "single": index = pd.Timestamp( datetime.strptime("2021-03-12 03:00", "%Y-%m-%d %H:%M") ) elif index_type == "slice": index = slice(start, end, None) elif index_type == "date_range": index = pd.date_range(start, end, periods=2) else: raise ValueError("Invalid index type") expect = df.loc[index] actual = cdf.loc[index] assert_eq(expect, actual) def test_loc_repeated_index_label_issue_8693(): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/8693 s = pd.Series([1, 2, 3, 4], index=[0, 1, 1, 2]) cs = cudf.from_pandas(s) expect = s.loc[1] actual = cs.loc[1] assert_eq(expect, actual) @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13268") @pytest.mark.parametrize( "indexer", [(..., 0), (0, ...)], ids=["row_ellipsis", "column_ellipsis"] ) def test_loc_ellipsis_as_slice_issue_13268(indexer): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13268 df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) expect = df.loc[indexer] actual = cdf.loc[indexer] assert_eq(expect, actual) @pytest.mark.xfail( reason="https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13269 " "and https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13273" ) def test_loc_repeated_column_label_issue_13269(): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13269 # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13273 df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) expect = df.loc[:, [0, 1, 0]] actual = cdf.loc[:, [0, 1, 0]] assert_eq(expect, actual) def test_loc_column_boolean_mask_issue_13270(): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13270 df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) expect = df.loc[:, [True, True]] actual = cdf.loc[:, [True, True]] assert_eq(expect, actual) @pytest.mark.parametrize("indexer", [[1], [0, 2]]) def test_iloc_integer_categorical_issue_13013(indexer): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13013 s = pd.Series([0, 1, 2]) index = pd.Categorical(indexer) expect = s.iloc[index] c = cudf.from_pandas(s) actual = c.iloc[index] assert_eq(expect, actual) def test_iloc_incorrect_boolean_mask_length_issue_13015(): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13015 s = pd.Series([0, 1, 2]) with pytest.raises(IndexError): s.iloc[[True, False]] c = cudf.from_pandas(s) with pytest.raises(IndexError): c.iloc[[True, False]] def test_iloc_column_boolean_mask_issue_13265(): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13265 df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) expect = df.iloc[:, [True, True]] actual = cdf.iloc[:, [True, True]] assert_eq(expect, actual) def test_iloc_repeated_column_label_issue_13266(): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13266 # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13273 df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) with pytest.raises(NotImplementedError): cdf.iloc[:, [0, 1, 0]] @pytest.mark.parametrize( "indexer", [ (..., 0), (0, ...), ], ids=["row_ellipsis", "column_ellipsis"], ) def test_iloc_ellipsis_as_slice_issue_13267(indexer): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13267 df = pd.DataFrame(np.arange(4).reshape(2, 2)) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) expect = df.iloc[indexer] actual = cdf.iloc[indexer] assert_eq(expect, actual) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "indexer", [ 0, (slice(None), 0), ([0, 2], 1), (slice(None), slice(None)), (slice(None), [1, 0]), (0, 0), (1, [1, 0]), ([1, 0], 0), ([1, 2], [0, 1]), ], ) def test_iloc_multiindex_lookup_as_label_issue_13515(indexer): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13515 df = pd.DataFrame( {"a": [1, 1, 3], "b": [2, 3, 4], "c": [1, 6, 7], "d": [1, 8, 9]} ).set_index(["a", "b"]) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) expect = df.iloc[indexer] actual = cdf.iloc[indexer] assert_eq(expect, actual) def test_loc_unsorted_index_slice_lookup_keyerror_issue_12833(): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/12833 df = pd.DataFrame({"a": [1, 2, 3]}, index=[7, 0, 4]) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) # Check that pandas don't change their mind with pytest.raises(KeyError): df.loc[1:5] with pytest.raises(KeyError): cdf.loc[1:5] @pytest.mark.xfail(reason="https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13379") @pytest.mark.parametrize("index", [range(5), list(range(5))]) def test_loc_missing_label_keyerror_issue_13379(index): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13379 df = pd.DataFrame({"a": index}, index=index) cdf = cudf.from_pandas(df) # Check that pandas don't change their mind with pytest.raises(KeyError): df.loc[[0, 5]] with pytest.raises(KeyError): cdf.loc[[0, 5]] @pytest.mark.parametrize("series", [True, False], ids=["Series", "DataFrame"]) def test_loc_repeated_label_ordering_issue_13658(series): # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/13658 values = range(2048) index = [1 for _ in values] if series: frame = cudf.Series(values, index=index) else: frame = cudf.DataFrame({"a": values}, index=index) expect = frame.to_pandas().loc[[1]] actual = frame.loc[[1]] assert_eq(actual, expect) class TestLocIndexWithOrder: # https://github.com/rapidsai/cudf/issues/12833 @pytest.fixture(params=["increasing", "decreasing", "neither"]) def order(self, request): return request.param @pytest.fixture(params=[-1, 1], ids=["reverse", "forward"]) def take_order(self, request): return request.param @pytest.fixture(params=["float", "int", "string", "range"]) def dtype(self, request): return request.param @pytest.fixture def index(self, order, dtype): if dtype == "string": index = ["a", "h", "f", "z"] elif dtype == "int": index = [-1, 10, 7, 14] elif dtype == "float": index = [-1.5, 7.10, 2.4, 11.2] elif dtype == "range": if order == "increasing": return cudf.RangeIndex(2, 10, 3) elif order == "decreasing": return cudf.RangeIndex(10, 1, -3) else: return cudf.RangeIndex(10, 20, 3) else: raise ValueError(f"Unhandled index dtype {dtype}") if order == "decreasing": return sorted(index, reverse=True) elif order == "increasing": return sorted(index) elif order == "neither": return index else: raise ValueError(f"Unhandled index order {order}") @pytest.fixture def df(self, index): return cudf.DataFrame({"a": range(len(index))}, index=index) def test_loc_index_inindex_slice(self, df, take_order): pdf = df.to_pandas() lo = pdf.index[1] hi = pdf.index[-2] expect = pdf.loc[lo:hi:take_order] actual = df.loc[lo:hi:take_order] assert_eq(expect, actual) def test_loc_index_inindex_subset(self, df, take_order): pdf = df.to_pandas() vals = [pdf.index[0], pdf.index[2]][::take_order] expect = pdf.loc[vals] actual = df.loc[vals] assert_eq(expect, actual) def test_loc_index_notinindex_slice( self, request, df, order, dtype, take_order ): pdf = df.to_pandas() lo = pdf.index[1] hi = pdf.index[-2] if isinstance(lo, str): lo = chr(ord(lo) - 1) hi = chr(ord(hi) + 1) else: lo -= 1 hi += 1 if order == "neither" and dtype != "range": with pytest.raises(KeyError): pdf.loc[lo:hi:take_order] with pytest.raises(KeyError): df.loc[lo:hi:take_order] else: expect = pdf.loc[lo:hi:take_order] actual = df.loc[lo:hi:take_order] assert_eq(expect, actual) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "arg", [ (2, ("one", "second")), (slice(None, None, None), ("two", "first")), (1, ("one", "first")), (slice(None, None, None), ("two", "second")), (slice(None, None, None), ("two", "first", "three")), (3, ("two", "first", "three")), (slice(None, None, None), ("two",)), (0, ("two",)), ], ) def test_loc_dataframe_column_multiindex(arg): gdf = cudf.DataFrame( [list("abcd"), list("efgh"), list("ijkl"), list("mnop")], columns=cudf.MultiIndex.from_product( [["one", "two"], ["first", "second"], ["three"]] ), ) pdf = gdf.to_pandas() assert_eq(gdf.loc[arg], pdf.loc[arg]) @pytest.mark.parametrize( "arg", [slice(2, 4), slice(2, 5), slice(2.3, 5), slice(4.6, 6)] ) def test_series_iloc_float_int(arg): gs = cudf.Series(range(4), index=[2.0, 3.0, 4.5, 5.5]) ps = gs.to_pandas() actual = gs.loc[arg] expected = ps.loc[arg] assert_eq(actual, expected)

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/67383331

StackExchange

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Stack Exchange

English

Spoken

FilePond and jQuery: Add an existing file without uploading it again I am trying to add an already uploaded file into FilePond field. This bit of code is working except that it uploads the file again. I just need to add the file information in the data and not uploading it again as it was already uploaded: $('.my-pond').first().filepond('addFile', 'archive.zip').then(function(file){ console.log('file added', file); }); Someone has any idea about how can I solve this problem? After stumbling on this (old) post, and doing some digging myself I've found the solution. When creating the filepond instance, setting the options it is needed to add the load() function to the server object. The load function generates a blob from the remote image when a file is set. For example: load: (source, load, error, progress, abort, headers) => { var myRequest = new Request(source); fetch(myRequest).then((res) => { return res.blob(); }).then(load); } Now you can set the default image two ways. Adding the file by setting it directly in the options when creating the filepond instance. For example: // File is directly added via options let pond = FilePond.create(field, { files: [ { source: FULL_IMAGE_URL, options: { type: 'local' } } ], server: { url: API_URL, process: '/fileprocess', revert: '/filerevert', load: (source, load, error, progress, abort, headers) => { var myRequest = new Request(source); fetch(myRequest).then((res) => { return res.blob(); }).then(load); }, } }) OR by adding the file after the instance is created // Creating the filepond instance, without adding a default image let pond = FilePond.create(field, { server: { url: API_URL, process: '/fileprocess', revert: '/filerevert', load: (source, load, error, progress, abort, headers) => { var myRequest = new Request(source); fetch(myRequest).then((res) => { return res.blob(); }).then(load); }, } }) // ... Some other function() { pond.setOptions({ files: [ { source: FULL_IMAGE_URL, options: { type: 'local' } } ] }); // } Sources: setOptions https://pqina.nl/filepond/docs/api/instance/methods/#setting-options Server:load() https://pqina.nl/filepond/docs/api/server/#load This method is not used that way, it is used for uploading files. I'm also looking for ways to add existing files. Refer to https://pqina.nl/filepond/docs/api/instance/properties/#files

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barnes%20Ridge%20%28tagaytay%20sa%20Tinipong%20Bansa%2C%20Montana%29

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Barnes Ridge (tagaytay sa Tinipong Bansa, Montana)

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Barnes Ridge (tagaytay sa Tinipong Bansa, Montana)&action=history

Cebuano

Spoken

Alang sa ubang mga dapit sa mao gihapon nga ngalan, tan-awa ang Barnes Ridge. Tagaytay ang Barnes Ridge sa Tinipong Bansa. Ang Barnes Ridge nahimutang sa kondado sa Fergus County ug estado sa Montana, sa sentro nga bahin sa nasod, km sa kasadpan sa ulohang dakbayan Washington, D.C. Ang klima bugnaw nga ugahon. Ang kasarangang giiniton °C. Ang kinainitan nga bulan Hulyo, sa  °C, ug ang kinabugnawan Enero, sa  °C. Ang kasarangang pag-ulan milimetro matag tuig. Ang kinabasaan nga bulan Mayo, sa milimetro nga ulan, ug ang kinaugahan Pebrero, sa milimetro. Saysay Ang mga gi basihan niini Mga bungtod sa Montana (estado) Kabukiran sa Tinipong Bansa nga mas taas kay sa 500 metros ibabaw sa dagat nga lebel Mga artikulo sa posisyon itarong ni bot

https://ru.stackoverflow.com/questions/1097216

StackExchange

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Stack Exchange

Yitzhak Khabinsky, https://ru.stackoverflow.com/users/193999, https://ru.stackoverflow.com/users/374615, i-one

Somali

Spoken

Получить XML из колонки в таблице и взять конкретное значение MSSQL Есть таблица, где в одной из колонок хранятся настройки в виде XML. Мне нужно получить значение <Timeout type="Type3">19.09.2016 0:05:00</Timeout>, а именно только минуты и секунды. Вот весь XML: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?> <!DOCTYPE ObjectSerialization> <!--Persistent object serialization--> <Root> <ComponentType type="Type0" /> <ConsiderDuration type="Type1">False</ConsiderDuration> <ConsiderDurationEmptySlot type="Type1">False</ConsiderDurationEmptySlot> <Enabled type="Type1">False</Enabled> <ExternalRecordType type="Type2">Hard</ExternalRecordType> <SiteEnabled type="Type1">False</SiteEnabled> <Timeout type="Type3">19.09.2016 0:05:00</Timeout> <UsedTypes> <Type0 type="Kosta.PersistentObjects.SystemProperty.AppointmentProperty, Kosta.PersistentObjects" /> <Type2 type="Kosta.PersistentObjects.SystemProperty.ExternalRecordType, Kosta.PersistentObjects" /> <Type1 type="System.Boolean, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" /> <Type3 type="System.DateTime, mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089" /> </UsedTypes> </Root> Для начала я пытаюсь получить значение в Timeout следующим образом declare @info xml set @info = Convert(xml,(select [Value] FROM [SystemPropertyStorage] where Name = 48),2) select b.value('@Timeout', 'DateTime') as FullDate from @info.nodes('/Root/Timeout') as a(b) Но возвращается NULL Что здесь не так ? Что здесь не так ? Если сложить селекторы для nodes и value, то полный селектор будет /Root/Timeout/@Timeout, но искомое значение лежит в тексте элемента Timeout, а не в атрибуте. Вообще было бы проще, если бы в XML дата и время лежали в формате yyyy-mm-ddThh:mi:ss (ISO 8601) <Root> ... <Timeout type="Type3">2016-09-19T00:05:00</Timeout> ... </Root> Тогда получить дату/время было бы очень просто DECLARE @dateTime datetime2(0); SET @dateTime = @info.value('(/Root/Timeout/text())[1]', 'datetime2(0)'); В данном же случае придётся сделать промежуточное преобразование в строку, и уже строку конвертировать в дату/время (используя формат 104, см. документацию) DECLARE @dateTimeStr nvarchar(50), @dateTime datetime2(0); SET @dateTimeStr = @info.value('(/Root/Timeout/text())[1]', 'nvarchar(50)'); SET @dateTime = TRY_CONVERT(datetime2(0), @dateTimeStr, 104); И, затем SELECT DATEPART(MINUTE, @dateTime) AS [Minutes], DATEPART(SECOND, @dateTime) AS [Seconds]; Хороший ответ, +1 с моей стороны! Чтобы получить минуты и секунды за одну операцию: SELECT FORMAT(@dateTime, 'mm:ss'); @YitzhakKhabinsky, да, хороший вариант, если нужна строка.

https://github.com/mrbandler/wow-ui/blob/master/AddOns/Bagnon/addons/main/main.lua

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

wow-ui

mrbandler

Lua

Code

--[[ main.lua Constant specifics for the addon --]] local ADDON, Addon = ... Addon.ItemSlot = Addon.Item -- deprecated behavior Addon.Slash = 'bgn'

https://github.com/jamnii/YanHan/blob/master/data/php/di_and_ioc/NormalFoo.php

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

YanHan

jamnii

PHP

Code

<?php namespace php\diIoc; //+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ // 传统的思路是应用程序用到一个Foo类 就会创建Foo类并调用Foo类的方法 // 假如这个方法内需要一个Bar类 就会创建Bar类并调用Bar类的方法 // 而这个方法内需要一个Bim类 就会创建Bim类 接着做些其它工作。 //+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++ /** * Foo */ class Foo { public function doSomething($value='') { # code... $Bar = new Bar(); $Bar->doSomething(); echo 'Foo doSomething','<br />' ; } } /** * Bar */ class Bar { public function doSomething($value='') { # code... $Bim = new Bim(); $Bim->doSomething(); echo 'Bar doSomething','<br />' ; } } /** * Bim */ class Bim { public function doSomething($value='') { # code... echo 'Bim doSomething','<br />' ; } } $doSomething = new Foo(); $doSomething->doSomething(); echo "-------------------------------------------------","<br />";

US-65860157-A_1

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

Fan casing Aug. 4, 1959 R. L. HULL FAN CASING Filed May l5, 1957 INVENTOR Rickard f ATTORNEY mix B A l MMOWMAISWLJ RW United States Patent O FAN CASING Richard L. Hull, Davenport, Iowa, assignor to American Machine and Metals, Inc., New York, N.Y., a corporation of Delaware Y lApplication May 13, |1957, Serial No. 658,601 3 Claims. (Cl. 2310-117) This invention relates to fan casings, and particularly to a split fan casing in which the fan wheel, motor shaft, and motor can be readily removed. In order -to prevent the deterioration of a fan motor in a fan unit for moving destructive fumes or fluids, the hollow tubular casing of the unit has a walled aperture therethrough, the gas passing through duct means on either side of the aperture, `the `fan blades bein-g loca-ted in the path of the gas stream before or after it splits to go through the ducts on the `sides of the aperture. Inl this type of unit, the motor is mounted in the aperture so that it is segregated from the fluids orfumes traveling through the unit. In such a unit one of the major diiculties encountered is the easy removal and replacement of the fan Wheel and the motor shaft from the unit. It is an object of this invention to provide means permitting the easy removal of Ithe fan wheel, the motor shaft, and the motor without permitting the fluid flowing through the unit to contact the motor. The fan unit provided according to this invention includes a hollow tubular casing with a walled aperture therethrough for receiving `a fan motor therein. One end of the aperture has a slot which communicates with the interior of the casing and extends to the side of the casing. A shaft is connected at one end to the motor and is rotated by the motor. Said shaft extends through the slot and into the interiorof the casing and has a fanwheel connected to its other end which is rotatable with the shaft. A removable wall portion is provided for the casing. The integral shaft, fan blades and motor are removable from the casing by radial movement of the shaft in the slot when the wall portion has been removed. These and other objects, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description and drawings which are merely exemplary. In the drawings: Fig. l is a side elevation of a fan unit embodying the invention; Fig. 2 is a perspective view of the fan unit with the removable wall portion and the motor unit removed therefrom; and Fig. 3 is a perspective -view of the removable wall portion. As shown in Fig. 1, the fan unit'draws uid in at intake passage 10, through passages 11 and 12, and `out outlet passage 13. The unit is formed so that there is a central aperture, or chamber 14, segregated from passages 11 and 12 in which a motor 15 is adapted to be mounted, in any suitable manner. Wall 16 extending from one side of the unit to the other and around the inside of passages 11 and 12 segregates the interior of the aperture and the motor from the uid flow. In itspreferred form, the unit has an extension 17, cylindrical in shape, which extends upwardly rom the chamber and is wholly within outlet passage 13. A `slot 18 extends outwardly from a central aperture 18a, shown partly in dotted lines in Fig. a l'assurant Patented Aug. 4, 1959 2, to the outer circtunferen-tial edge of the tube extension 17, then downwardly on one side of extension 17, and then outwardly to an outer top edge of aperture 14. The -drive shaft 19 which connects motor 15 and a fan wheel 20 extends from the chamber 14 into extension 17 and into the outlet passage 13 through opening 18a. It tis clear, of course, that extension 17 may be omitted if desired and the slot formed entirely in the upper surface 32 of aperture 14. The casing 21 has a central portion which is generally cylindrical in shape and two end portions which are in the form of truncated cones. The upper cone has a removable wall portion 22 formed with anges 23, 24, 25 and 26 adapted to be attached to anges 27, 28, 29 and 30, respectively, of the casing 21, in any conventional manner. The wall portion 22 also has a flanged arcuate cutout portion 31 which is connected to upper arcuate wall, or surface 32 of wall portion 16. When :the motor shaft and the fan wheel are in operative position, with `the shaft in opening 18a, the remainder `of slot 18 should be closed in order to eliminate the possibility of having uid entering aperture 14 through the slot. As shown in Fig. 3, this is accomplished by a plate 33, which extends inwardly frorn wall portion 22, and is shaped so yas to cover all of slot 18 except for opening 13a.' Opening 18a is formed by an arcuate edge 34 in one end of plate 33 and the arcuate end of slot 18. Thus, it can be seen that by removing wall portion 22 and releasing motor 15 from its mounting in aperture 14, the motor 15, shaft 19 and fan wheel 20 may be removed as a unit from the fan casing 21. When the wall portion is in position on casing 21, however, the motor is segregated from the uid owing through the fan unit. The invention provides a fan unit which is `simple and economical to produce, and in which the parts which require service, i.e., the motor, lthe shaft and the Ifan wheel, can be removed, repaired and replaced. A fan and motor also can be provided (not shown) at both ends of the casing. It is to be understood that details of construction can be varied without departing from the spirit of .the invention except as defined in the appended claims. . What is claimed is: l. In a fan unit having a hollow tubular casing with a walled aperture therethrough for receiving a fan motor therein, a slot in one end of said aperture communicating with the interior of said casing and extending to the side of said casing, a shaft connected at one end to said motor and rotatable thereby, said shaft extending through said slot and into the interior of said casing, a fan Wheel connected to the other end of said shaft and rotatable therewith, and a removable wall portion for said casing having means thereon closing at least a portion of said slot when said wall portion is connected to said casing, said shaft and said fan blades being removable from said casing by radial movement of said shaft in said slot when said wall portion is removed. 2. In a fan unit having a hollow tubular casing with a walled aperture therethrough for receiving a fan motor therein, a slot in one end of said aperture communicating with the interior of said casing and extending to one side of said casing, a shaft connected at one end to said motor and rotatable thereby, said shaft extending through said slot 'and into the yinterior of said casing, a fan wheel connected to the other end of said shaft and rotatable therewith, and a removable wall portion for said casing having a radially extending plate thereon adapted to close at least a portion of said slot, said shaft and said fan blades being removable from said casing by radial movement of said shaft in said slot when said Wall portion and plate are removed. i 3. In a fan unit having a hollow tubular casing with `a Walled aperture therethrough for receiving a fan motor therein, a cylindrical extension at one end of said aperture extending into one end of said casing, a slot communicating With the interior of said casing at said one end and extending to one side of said casing, a shaft con nected at one end `to said motor and rotatable thereby, said shaft extending into said extension, through `said slot and into the interior of said casing at saidv one end thereof, a fan wheel connected to the other end of said shaft and rotatable therewith, and a removable wall portion at said one end of said casing having means thereon closing References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 1,702,632 Bothezat Feb. 19, 1929 2,419,962 McLarty May 6, 1947 2,494,772 McElroy Jan. 17, 1950.

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18442149

Wikidata

Semantic data

CC0

Bessè Basso

None

Multilingual

Semantic data

Bessè Basso, Torino Bessè Basso, Torino zemlja Italija Bessè Basso, Torino GeoNames oznaka 9032983 Bessè Basso, Torino koordinate lokacije Bessè Basso, Torino je(su) naselje Bessè Basso, Torino je u administrativnoj jedinici Sauze di Cesana, Torino Bessè Basso Bessè Basso држава Италија Bessè Basso Геонејмс 9032983 Bessè Basso географске координате Bessè Basso је насеље Bessè Basso временска зона UTC+1, важи у периоду стандардно време Bessè Basso временска зона UTC+2, важи у периоду летње рачунање времена Bessè Basso WoF ID 1260269943 Bessè Basso управно-територијална јединица Sauze di Cesana, Torino Bessè Basso, Torino nederzetting in Italië Bessè Basso, Torino land Italië Bessè Basso, Torino GeoNames-identificatiecode 9032983 Bessè Basso, Torino geografische locatie Bessè Basso, Torino is een woonplaats Bessè Basso, Torino tijdzone UTC+1, geldig in periode standaardtijd Bessè Basso, Torino tijdzone UTC+2, geldig in periode zomertijd Bessè Basso, Torino Who's on First-identificatiecode 1260269943 Bessè Basso, Torino gelegen in bestuurlijke eenheid Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso human settlement in Italy Bessè Basso country Italy Bessè Basso GeoNames ID 9032983 Bessè Basso coordinate location Bessè Basso instance of human settlement Bessè Basso located in time zone UTC+01:00, valid in period standard time Bessè Basso located in time zone UTC+02:00, valid in period daylight saving time Bessè Basso Who's on First ID 1260269943 Bessè Basso located in the administrative territorial entity Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso estat Itàlia Bessè Basso identificador GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso coordenades Bessè Basso instància de assentament humà Bessè Basso es troba dins el fus horari UTC+01:00, vàlid en el període hora estàndard Bessè Basso es troba dins el fus horari UTC+02:00, vàlid en el període horari d'estiu Bessè Basso identificador Who's on First 1260269943 Bessè Basso localitzat a l'entitat territorial administrativa Lo Sause de Cesana Bessè Basso centro abitato situato presso Sauze di Cesana, città metropolitana di Torino Bessè Basso Paese Italia Bessè Basso identificativo GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso coordinate geografiche Bessè Basso istanza di insediamento umano Bessè Basso fuso orario UTC+1, periodo di validità tempo standard Bessè Basso fuso orario UTC+2, periodo di validità ora legale Bessè Basso identificativo Who's on First 1260269943 Bessè Basso unità amministrativa in cui è situato Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso stát Itálie Bessè Basso identifikátor GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso zeměpisné souřadnice Bessè Basso instance (čeho) sídelní útvar Bessè Basso časové pásmo UTC+01:00, platnost v období standardní čas Bessè Basso časové pásmo UTC+02:00, platnost v období letní čas Bessè Basso Who's on First ID 1260269943 Bessè Basso Bessè Basso herrialdea Italia Bessè Basso GeoNames identifikatzailea 9032983 Bessè Basso koordenatuak Bessè Basso honako hau da giza kokaleku Bessè Basso ordu-eremua UTC+01:00, baliozko periodoa ordutegi estandarra Bessè Basso ordu-eremua UTC+02:00, baliozko periodoa Udako ordutegi Bessè Basso Who's on First identifikatzailea 1260269943 Bessè Basso honako erakunde administratiboan dago Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso negara Italia Bessè Basso penanda GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso koordinat tempat Bessè Basso adalah permukiman Bessè Basso zona waktu UTC+1, masa berlaku waktu standar Bessè Basso zona waktu UTC+2, masa berlaku waktu Musim Panas Bessè Basso ID Who's on First 1260269943 Bessè Basso terletak di daerah administratif Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso país Italia Bessè Basso identificador GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso coordenadas Bessè Basso instancia de asentamiento Bessè Basso se encuentra en el huso horario UTC+01:00, periodo aplicable horario estándar Bessè Basso se encuentra en el huso horario UTC+02:00, periodo aplicable horario de verano Bessè Basso identificador Who's on First 1260269943 Bessè Basso situado en la entidad territorial administrativa Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso land Italia Bessè Basso GeoNames-identifikator 9032983 Bessè Basso geografiske koordinatar Bessè Basso førekomst av busetnad Bessè Basso tidssone UTC+01:00, gjeldande i tidsrom normaltid Bessè Basso tidssone UTC+2, gjeldande i tidsrom sommartid Bessè Basso Bessè Basso land Italia Bessè Basso GeoNames-identifikator 9032983 Bessè Basso geokoordinater Bessè Basso forekomst av bosetning Bessè Basso tidssone UTC+01:00, gyldig i tidsrom normaltid Bessè Basso tidssone UTC+2:00, gyldig i tidsrom sommertid Bessè Basso Who's on First ID 1260269943 Bessè Basso ligger i administrativ enhet Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso İtalya'nın Piemonte bölgesinde, Torino ili, Sauze di Cesana ilçesine bağlı yerleşim yeri Bessè Basso ülkesi İtalya Bessè Basso GeoNames kimliği 9032983 Bessè Basso konum koordinatları Bessè Basso nedir insan yerleşimi Bessè Basso zaman dilimi UTC+01.00, geçerlilik süresi standart zaman Bessè Basso zaman dilimi UTC+02.00, geçerlilik süresi yaz saati uygulaması Bessè Basso Who's on First kimliği 1260269943 Bessè Basso içinde bulunduğu idari birim Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso bansa Italya Bessè Basso ay halimbawa ng pamayanang pantao Bessè Basso nasa pampangasiwaang teritoryo Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso țară Italia Bessè Basso identificator GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso coordonate Bessè Basso este un/o așezare umană Bessè Basso zona orară UTC+1, valabil în perioada ora de iarnă Bessè Basso zona orară UTC+2, valabil în perioada ora de vară Bessè Basso Who's on First ID 1260269943 Bessè Basso situat în unitatea administrativă Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso Bessè Basso państwo Włochy Bessè Basso identyfikator GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso współrzędne geograficzne Bessè Basso jest to miejscowość Bessè Basso strefa czasowa UTC+01:00, poprawny w okresie czas standardowy Bessè Basso strefa czasowa UTC+02:00, poprawny w okresie czas letni Bessè Basso identyfikator Who's on First 1260269943 Bessè Basso znajduje się w jednostce administracyjnej Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso établissement humain en Italie Bessè Basso pays Italie Bessè Basso identifiant GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso coordonnées géographiques Bessè Basso nature de l’élément localité Bessè Basso fuseau horaire UTC+01:00, période applicable heure d'hiver Bessè Basso fuseau horaire UTC+02:00, période applicable heure d'été Bessè Basso identifiant Who's on First 1260269943 Bessè Basso localisation administrative Sauze de Césane Bessè Basso Bessè Basso Bessè Basso land Italien Bessè Basso GeoNames-ID 9032983 Bessè Basso geografiske koordinater Bessè Basso tilfælde af bebyggelse Bessè Basso tidszone UTC+1, gælder i periode normaltid Bessè Basso tidszone UTC+2, gælder i periode sommertid Bessè Basso Who's on First-ID 1260269943 Bessè Basso Bessè Basso valtio Italia Bessè Basso GeoNames-tunniste 9032983 Bessè Basso koordinaatit Bessè Basso esiintymä kohteesta ihmisasutus Bessè Basso aikavyöhyke UTC+1, pätee aikavälillä normaaliaika Bessè Basso aikavyöhyke UTC+2, pätee aikavälillä kesäaika Bessè Basso Who's on First -tunniste 1260269943 Bessè Basso sijaitsee hallinnollisessa alueyksikössä Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso país Itália Bessè Basso identificador em GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso coordenadas geográficas Bessè Basso instância de povoamento humano Bessè Basso fuso horário UTC+1, período aplicável horário padrão Bessè Basso fuso horário UTC+2, período aplicável horário de verão Bessè Basso identificador Who's on First 1260269943 Bessè Basso localizado na unidade administrativa Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso estat Itàlia Bessè Basso identificant GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso coordenadas geograficas Bessè Basso natura de l'element lòc poblat Bessè Basso fus orari UTC+01:00, periòde valid ora estandard Bessè Basso fus orari UTC+02:00, periòde valid ora d'estiu Bessè Basso unitat administrativa Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso land Italien Bessè Basso Geonames-ID 9032983 Bessè Basso geografiska koordinater Bessè Basso instans av samhälle Bessè Basso tidszon UTC+1, giltig under tidsperiod normaltid Bessè Basso tidszon UTC+2, giltig under tidsperiod sommartid Bessè Basso Who's on First-identitet 1260269943 Bessè Basso inom det administrativa området Sauze di Cesana Bessè Basso Bessè Basso štát Taliansko Bessè Basso GeoNames ID 9032983 Bessè Basso zemepisné súradnice Bessè Basso je sídlo Bessè Basso časové pásmo UTC+1 Bessè Basso časové pásmo UTC+2 Bessè Basso Bessè Basso država Italija Bessè Basso GeoNames 9032983 Bessè Basso geografske koordinate Bessè Basso primerek od naselje Bessè Basso časovni pas UTC+1, veljavna doba standardni čas Bessè Basso časovni pas UTC+2, veljavna doba poletni čas Bessè Basso Who's on First ID 1260269943

https://github.com/bholanathbarik9748/Filmy/blob/master/app/src/main/java/tech/salroid/filmy/network_stuff/FirstFetch.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

Filmy

bholanathbarik9748

Java

Code

package tech.salroid.filmy.network_stuff; import android.content.Context; import android.content.Intent; import android.util.Log; import androidx.localbroadcastmanager.content.LocalBroadcastManager; import com.android.volley.NetworkResponse; import com.android.volley.RequestQueue; import com.android.volley.toolbox.JsonObjectRequest; import tech.salroid.filmy.BuildConfig; import tech.salroid.filmy.parser.MainActivityParseWork; import tech.salroid.filmy.work_manager.FilmyWorkManager; /* * Filmy Application for Android * Copyright (c) 2016 Ramankit Singh (http://github.com/webianks). * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ public class FirstFetch { private Context context; private TmdbVolleySingleton tmdbVolleySingleton = TmdbVolleySingleton.getInstance(); private RequestQueue tmdbRequestQueue = tmdbVolleySingleton.getRequestQueue(); public FirstFetch(Context context){ this.context = context; } public void start(){ syncNowTrending(); syncNowInTheaters(); syncNowUpComing(); FilmyWorkManager workManager = new FilmyWorkManager(context); workManager.createWork(); } private void syncNowInTheaters() { String api_key = BuildConfig.TMDB_API_KEY; final String inTheatresBaseUrl = "https://api.themoviedb.org/3/movie/now_playing?api_key="+api_key; JsonObjectRequest inTheatresJsonObjectRequest = new JsonObjectRequest(inTheatresBaseUrl, null, response -> inTheatresParseOutput(response.toString(), 2), error -> Log.e("webi", "Volley Error: " + error.getCause())); tmdbRequestQueue.add(inTheatresJsonObjectRequest); } private void syncNowUpComing() { String api_key = BuildConfig.TMDB_API_KEY; final String Upcoming_Base_URL = "https://api.themoviedb.org/3/movie/upcoming?api_key="+api_key; JsonObjectRequest UpcomingJsonObjectRequest = new JsonObjectRequest(Upcoming_Base_URL, null, response -> upcomingParseOutput(response.toString()), error -> Log.e("webi", "Volley Error: " + error.getCause())); tmdbRequestQueue.add(UpcomingJsonObjectRequest); } private void syncNowTrending() { String api_key = BuildConfig.TMDB_API_KEY; final String BASE_URL = "https://api.themoviedb.org/3/movie/popular?api_key="+api_key; JsonObjectRequest jsonObjectRequest = new JsonObjectRequest(BASE_URL, null, response -> parseOutput(response.toString()), error -> { NetworkResponse networkResponse = error.networkResponse; if (networkResponse != null) { sendFetchFailedMessage(networkResponse.statusCode); } else { sendFetchFailedMessage(00); } } ); tmdbRequestQueue.add(jsonObjectRequest); } private void inTheatresParseOutput(String s, int type) { MainActivityParseWork pa = new MainActivityParseWork(context, s); pa.inTheatres(); } private void upcomingParseOutput(String result_upcoming) { MainActivityParseWork pa = new MainActivityParseWork(context, result_upcoming); pa.parseUpcoming(); } private void parseOutput(String result) { MainActivityParseWork pa = new MainActivityParseWork(context, result); pa.parse(); } private void sendFetchFailedMessage(int message) { Intent intent = new Intent("fetch-failed"); intent.putExtra("message", message); LocalBroadcastManager.getInstance(context).sendBroadcast(intent); } }

https://github.com/rsimenok/RSGraph/blob/master/source/RSGraph.m

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

RSGraph

rsimenok

Objective-C

Code

// // RSGraph.m // MAA // // Created by Roman Simenok on 8/3/16. // Copyright © 2016 Roman Simenok. All rights reserved. // #import "RSGraph.h" @implementation RSGraph - (instancetype)initWithCoder:(NSCoder *)aDecoder { if (self = [super initWithCoder:aDecoder]) { self.lineLayers = [NSMutableArray new]; } return self; } - (void)draw { NSUInteger numberOfLines = [self.delegate numberOfLines]; NSAssert(numberOfLines != 0, @"Number of lines can't be 0!"); for (NSUInteger i = 0; i<numberOfLines; ++i) { CAShapeLayer *layer; if (self.lineLayers.count > i) { layer = [self.lineLayers objectAtIndex:i]; } else { layer = [self shapeLayerForLine:i]; [self.lineLayers addObject:layer]; layer.strokeColor = [self.delegate colorForLine:i].CGColor; [self.layer addSublayer:layer]; } UIBezierPath *path = [UIBezierPath bezierPath]; NSArray *_yValuesForLine = [self.delegate yValuesForLine:i]; NSUInteger numberOfXPoints = _yValuesForLine.count; BOOL needXPoint = [self.delegate shouldLineGetXCoord:i]; CGFloat xPointSpace = self.frame.size.width/numberOfXPoints; for (NSUInteger j = 0; j < _yValuesForLine.count; ++j) { CGFloat newx = 0.0; if (needXPoint) { newx = [self convertAtoBWithValue:[self.delegate valueForXPointAtIndex:j lineID:i] aMin:0 aMax:1 bMin:0 bMax:self.frame.size.width]; } else { newx = xPointSpace*j; } CGFloat y = self.frame.size.height - [self convertAtoBWithValue:[_yValuesForLine[j] floatValue] aMin:0 aMax:1 bMin:0 bMax:self.frame.size.height]; CGPoint point = CGPointMake(newx, y); switch (j) { case 0: [path moveToPoint:point]; break; default: [path addLineToPoint:point]; break; } } layer.path = path.CGPath; } } - (CGFloat)convertAtoBWithValue:(CGFloat)x aMin:(CGFloat)aMin aMax:(CGFloat)aMax bMin:(CGFloat)bMin bMax:(CGFloat)bMax { return MIN(bMin, bMax) + ((x - MIN(aMin, aMax))/fabs(MAX(aMin, aMax) - MIN(aMin, aMax))) * fabs(MAX(bMin, bMax) - MIN(bMin, bMax)); } - (CAShapeLayer *)shapeLayerForLine:(NSUInteger)lineID { CAShapeLayer *item = [CAShapeLayer layer]; item.fillColor = [self.delegate fillColorForLine:lineID]; item.lineCap = [self.delegate lineCapforLine:lineID]; item.lineJoin = kCALineJoinRound; item.lineWidth = [self.delegate strokeWidthForLine:lineID]; return item; } - (void)clear { [self.lineLayers removeAllObjects]; [self.layer.sublayers makeObjectsPerformSelector:@selector(removeFromSuperlayer)]; } @end

https://github.com/vicky-primathon/appsmith/blob/master/app/client/src/pages/Editor/SaaSEditor/ActionForm.tsx

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

appsmith

vicky-primathon

TSX

Code

import React from "react"; import { getFormValues, InjectedFormProps, reduxForm } from "redux-form"; import history from "utils/history"; import { SAAS_EDITOR_URL } from "pages/Editor/SaaSEditor/constants"; import { SAAS_EDITOR_FORM } from "constants/forms"; import { Action, SaaSAction } from "entities/Action"; import { connect, useDispatch } from "react-redux"; import { AppState } from "reducers"; import { getPluginResponseTypes, getPluginDocumentationLinks, getAction, getPluginImages, getDatasourceByPluginId, getActionResponses, getPlugin, } from "selectors/entitiesSelector"; import { Plugin } from "api/PluginApi"; import { RouteComponentProps } from "react-router"; import { deleteAction, runActionInit } from "actions/actionActions"; import { EditorJSONtoForm, EditorJSONtoFormProps, } from "../QueryEditor/EditorJSONtoForm"; import { getConfigInitialValues } from "components/formControls/utils"; import { merge } from "lodash"; import { Datasource } from "entities/Datasource"; type StateAndRouteProps = EditorJSONtoFormProps & RouteComponentProps<{ applicationId: string; pageId: string; pluginPackageName: string; apiId: string; }> & { plugin?: Plugin }; type Props = StateAndRouteProps & InjectedFormProps<Action, StateAndRouteProps>; function ActionForm(props: Props) { const { actionName, match: { params: { apiId, applicationId, pageId }, }, plugin, } = props; const dispatch = useDispatch(); const onDeleteClick = () => { dispatch(deleteAction({ id: apiId, name: actionName })); }; const onRunClick = () => { dispatch(runActionInit(apiId)); }; const onCreateDatasourceClick = () => { history.push(SAAS_EDITOR_URL(applicationId, pageId, plugin?.packageName)); }; const childProps: any = { ...props, onRunClick, onDeleteClick, onCreateDatasourceClick, }; return <EditorJSONtoForm {...childProps} />; } const mapStateToProps = (state: AppState, props: any) => { const { apiId } = props.match.params; const { runErrorMessage } = state.ui.queryPane; const { plugins } = state.entities; const { editorConfigs, settingConfigs } = plugins; const pluginImages = getPluginImages(state); const action = getAction(state, apiId); const actionName = action?.name ?? ""; const pluginId = action?.pluginId ?? ""; const plugin = getPlugin(state, pluginId); const responseTypes = getPluginResponseTypes(state); const documentationLinks = getPluginDocumentationLinks(state); let editorConfig: any; const initialValues = {}; if (editorConfigs && pluginId) { editorConfig = editorConfigs[pluginId]; if (editorConfig) { merge(initialValues, getConfigInitialValues(editorConfig)); } } let settingConfig: any; if (settingConfigs && pluginId) { settingConfig = settingConfigs[pluginId]; } merge(initialValues, getConfigInitialValues(settingConfig)); merge(initialValues, action); const dataSources = getDatasourceByPluginId(state, pluginId); const DATASOURCES_OPTIONS = dataSources.map((dataSource: Datasource) => ({ label: dataSource.name, value: dataSource.id, image: pluginImages[dataSource.pluginId], })); const responses = getActionResponses(state); return { isRunning: state.ui.queryPane.isRunning[apiId], isDeleting: state.ui.queryPane.isDeleting[apiId], editorConfig, settingConfig, actionName, pluginId, plugin, responseType: responseTypes[pluginId], formData: getFormValues(SAAS_EDITOR_FORM)(state) as SaaSAction, documentationLink: documentationLinks[pluginId], initialValues, dataSources, DATASOURCES_OPTIONS, executedQueryData: responses[apiId], runErrorMessage: runErrorMessage[apiId], formName: SAAS_EDITOR_FORM, }; }; export default connect(mapStateToProps)( reduxForm<Action, StateAndRouteProps>({ form: SAAS_EDITOR_FORM, enableReinitialize: true, })(ActionForm), );

putnamsmonthly07projgoog_20

English-PD

Open Culture

Public Domain

Putnam's monthly

Making of America Project

English

Spoken

The expenses which were occasioned by these and other preachers at the wedding, caused the good Deacon several persons, the violence of which was, however, regarded dual allynge by his observing that the young woman of the village, being moved there by the presence of an invitation to the wedding party, increased their custom at the conclusion of an unusual ceremony. Indeed, the child profited on the goods purchased by Mrs. Manners and her passengers alone, he found, after a careful reopening, would more than reimburse the cost of oil the new wedding garment of his wife and himself. Colonel Planners found frequent occasion for rejoicing and self-gratulation, on account of the firmness and decision to which he had charged. In his conduct on the Sunday night after the reading of the governor's proclamation. The statutory effect of the proclamation, however, had, indeed, escaped observation; but, at the best, upon the occasion, he considered not withstanding the laws of the state, tenors, tokens of his reluctance; wherefore, at the time, Lucy had been led to her chamber weeping and sobbing by her mother. He had never seen her when she seemed to be fit all on a happy or the spirit-ridden. The child, once or twice, he caught her with a struggle, apparently for revenge, which he was at a loss to introduce. "The child's" Nienrd of mo, poor thing," thought he, with a pong; "I was a. Let's too violent, p'raps." Well, never mind; if she lives, she'll find, I guess, that I don't love her any less than her mother; only for now, I reckon, it's best to keep along pretty much in the future. Effie, if I hadn't been considered, she'd have never been considered in the possession of her husband. I couldn't find it in my heart to forget and neglect her husband, John Dasbrough. During the winter, his wife grew more rapidly than ever in the good graces of his uncle, who could not fail to observe how generously his head-man exerted himself to triumph. "A father's creature," said the Colonel, "is a great man." The night before Thanksgiving, as the pair were standing together for bed; "nestlingen" could not live on the footslob, he'd walk with any two men, on a farm, I ever see; and that's saying good-bye for Andrew was a first-rate of a hand. Next, your, by jingo, I'll give him a chance that'll help him to have a start of his own, long enough before I shall want to spare him. If anything. I did believe he's too hard to suit me, and seriously, sometimes, a little boy's luck, I console him with his kind of feord of me." "I expect," added the Colonel, after a fit of musing, "I expect he feels under obligation to me, for having helped his father in years gone by; and it isn't, to be sure, no bad trait in him; but I don't, actively. I do hate to have anybody from a feeling too grateful. It makes a fellow feel sure of a choky and uncomfortable. And there ain't no need of his thinking he owes me anything for what's past and gone, for by gracious! wasn't John Dashloghroy Before the law, in law, before he was ever this, John's father? and hadn't I a right to help him keep out of joli, on my own account? As the guard Colonel concluded this eloquence, and was "glimmering fixedly at the glowing count in the fireplace where he saw, in fancy, the furniture of the dead Sheriff John. He was suddenly alarmed and amazed by his having his wife come to him in her night-cap and light-gown, throw her arms about. The news learned. [Anguish,] His speech, and burst into a fit of passionate weeping. " Grrtod gracious ! Betspy .'" ho cried, as soon as ho could find a voice — " wh^ — iritat on airth— do shot up a minit and tell uio wlint's the matter ! Hare ye hecrd of anybody's bciu' licnd ?" " X-iio," ciii'd Mr3. Manners between her s<ibs, " b-b-but— " " Well, there ! ef I ever, now!" sniil the Colnn<'t, as this effiirtntesplnnation resulti'd in iiit'n.' incoht'roiit uttcninees aud renen-od sobs- He was, withal, somowhiit ineommodf d by the Btrictucss of the embrnfe, in which his wife still coutinned to holdhim. A good-natured man, liko Colonel Mnniiers, will, how- ever, snft'iT an inc-oTivenienco of tliis nutuio, to the verge of endurance, with- out conijiluint. " Can't ye kind o' tell me what's the matter, Betsey I" said ho at last, ivjion the firs't violence of the subbing began to subside. "You are the h-hest husband in tho world," criud the lady, "too — too — g- good fiirmc!" " Well, well ; sposin' I be," rejoined the Colonel, "that ain't nothing to cry for, sartiiily. IIow.-ii'vi?r, I ain't no sich a thing, aud if I was I ort to be; for raly, Jtctspy, you're about as good a wife as n man ever had !" '• You'll forgive me, won't you?" per- si^ti-il his wife ; '• siiy you will !" " Korgivii you !" ri'pi^ated the Colonel, "why, ef I've got anything to forgive, tn he sure I will, with nil my heart; but I tiiut got notliin. There, set upon my knee, like old times you know — there — swccthi'iirt, thcTi'," lie eontiiined sooth- ingly. Its he put his ann alwut her waist, nnil kissed her fondly. "You see, you'vi' workei! so hard ii gi'ttiu' ready lor the weddin, you've gut all tuckered out aud narvousy." "Ilitsbaiid," cried Mrs, Manners, suddenly, "I want you to pronii.*e nie oup thing — that what ever may happen, no niatliT buw mut:li cause you may think you have to ho angry with nic, yoa wiiu't say a har.<Ii nr unkind word tu me, iu » haste. You never have yi't," she eontinui'd, beginning to cry afresh, " in all our living togethiT, ynu lever hiivc yot : and if you ever should, it wonhl breiik uiy heart; for if either (if us should be taken away, I want to hnve it to — s-siiy — " and hero the good lady fairly hr'ike down, and wept amain. "Don't now— don't— dou't — oh ! don't now!" exhorted tho Colonel. "P-p-Tomio me," sobbed his wife, "you won't, will you." "Why of course not," cried the Colonel, with great emphasis, in order to conceal a sympathetic quavering that began to infect his own voice, "taint likely — ahem — after we've lived together much on to twenty one year, that I'm going to begin to abuse you (or the first time." "For one great reason for my doing as I have and shall," continued Mrs. Maimers, "is a thinking of how much happier you'd be for it, if I should die, and leave you, than" "Why! Betsey!" cried the Colonel, sorely wounded by this speech, "what do you mean by I'd be happier if you should die? — Tuffy that's unkind." "So, no," said his wife; "I don't mean that; I mean —, but, I can't tell you what; — tomorrow night I'll tell you — or some time; I — I In sort of added tonight, I do believe," she continued, trying to smile. "Well, well; I shouldn't wonder; — you're so tired," said the Colonel, kindly; "so let's go to bed and get a good night's rest, for tomorrow will be a busy day." "Pretty soon," replied his wife, leaning her head against his shoulder. Actilly," said the Colonel, after a pause, as he caught a glimpse of himself and his wife over her shoulder, in the looking-glass; "anybody to see us would enlighten we were a young couple a sparkling out, instead of old married folks with a thunder just going to be married herself." Presently Mrs. Munnberg kissed her husband, and, jumping off from his knee, found himself getting into bed, where the Colonel soon followed her. They both lay for a long time wide awake, each feeling to be asleep, and each deceived by the other's advice; the husband wondering greatly what could have been the cause of his wife's recent emotion and singular conduct, and feeling a good deal disturbed and uneasy lest it might have been a presentiment of speedy death. "I've heard of such lorewumins," thought he, "but I do hope that this ain't one of 'em." At last, his wife, Raising herself on her elbow, leaned over and kissed him softly two or three times. The Colonel affected to be unconscious of these caresses, and kept his eyes closed; though, after his wife had hung down again, there was less. Three Married. Come each a moment into the firm that he wore off to wipe them out. It was a corner of the street. "I shouldn't want to see her, eh?" he asked. "She should be in the corner," he replied. "She should be in the corner," he replied. But, good man, like honest Pett of old, he knew of the sore eruption that was so soon to be healed. When Lucy saw on the morning of Thanksgiving Day, her heart gave a bound in her bosom, with the shock of a mildness that had been consuming her mind. The day had dawned at last. She dreaded to rise and be alone, the day in which such gifts and moments were to be given. So, as it was just in the morning, she lay still in bed for a while, striving to make that it was utterly false, truly true, that she, herself, remembered but a little while ago, waking in the woman's chamber, and in the very same little white house, thinking how to drive for a drive or in immediate. In plan dir sftiditig it hdidny, that was now going to be a woman, so very much to be a wife. It is a great city, though she has been naughty-minded people in the world. Some of whom, by the way, would be the very first to cry out. It has been, in necessary to preserve certain certain conclusions, which bid me tell what a charming object was our dear Lucy, as she lay that morning in her virgin bed for the last time, while her brain was busy with these and similar thoughts and reminiscences, and her heart filled with an emotion of mingled happiness, fear, and amelioration, was flitting in her white bosom like a frightened bird in a cage. If, with an author's license, I could open the door of Lucy's chamber, and permit you only, my pure-minded friend. AiJi^r, ti> peep in and behold the united minds who was its tenant, and to share her innocence thoughts and services, I should he heartily glad to accord to the privilege; but, I know full well that some prying, prudish old maid or other would be sufficient to mind beholding you on lip-toe, thinking over your shoulder, and then put a pillow on your shoulder. Or, still worse, some corrupt debauchery or wicked make would steal the opportunity to gaze, with ginning eyes upon a place too high. To be punctual by his evil glance. I will not consider such a risk, and you, my gracious reader, will unhesitating o pardon. But there is such a reason why, if anyone would like to know how Joab was employed on the glance. Morning of this day fixed for his wedding, this curiosity should not be permitted. Like Lucy, her especial husband woke early, and. In the midst of summer, with his usual, by, look, lay away before getting up; for, this general proclamation having forbidden the sale of the store, business, and service, the baron, upon this general Sabbath, it was not necessary to open and sweep out the store before breakfast, according to the usual weekday custom. The resolution which, of all others, gave Joab the greatest pleasure, was that, after the dawn of another day, he would be the heir apparent to all the wealth of his rich uncle, the Colonel. "He ain't worth less than a dollar a thousand," thought Joab. "And on that certain, in money and bank stock, and other personal property; two-thirds of which will be mine, my own, just as soon as the end." The estate is settled and distributed; and if the old woman dies, I have the whole. The use of the real estate, except the widow's third, will lie mine, too, by law; and I'd like to see that little part of a lady's house, after the old Coleman's is out of the way, to engage any deeds I speak by her to, if I pass to take measures to get it all into my own hands. I'll pay her for her high estate as soon as Uncle Sturr drops off, and her stuck-up mother, too. By gosh! Enid Joab stood, who hadn't the man to earn enough, even when alone: "by grisb! I'm willing the old fool should live a widow in a spell, and have her thinly, if she wouldn't spend the principal pill, just while I..." Pray her off for the spite she's always had upon me." As John concluded this untimely solitude, he began his mother's voice calling out to him at the foot of the stairs. "Come, my son," cried the old lady, who was in high spirits, "get up and come down, night away. You won't have me to call you tomorrow morning, Johnny." So Joab, thinking first one long, lean, spindling key underneath the coverlet, and then the fellow, gave a yawn and shut the window. "There isn't no need of fixing up any till after breakfast." He had no need of fixing up any till after breakfast. Aapat was a bright, ranshiny morning, and the quiet village street was bustling with the sound of the town clock. There were two or three red-nosed idlers grouped about the door of the tavern, coughed and plying after toiling their morning dining. While their lean cars, too low-spirited for play, were in good condition, exchanging growling salutations under the elm tree in front, bristling their manes and scratching the dried herbage with their hind-paws. Except those no living thing appeared abroad, Joab turned from the window, finished dressing himself, hurried down to the back-stoop, where, after filling an iron skillet with a pint of rainwater from a hoghead at the corner, he laved his face and hands; finishing his morning toilet by the use of one of a pair of penny wooden couches, which he was accustomed to carry in his trousers pocket. Then he went. In with a good appetite to a breakfast, which, as it was Thanksgiving morning, was rather more toothsome than the meals that usually were spread upon the Deacon's frugal table. In the moonlight, John Doshleigh, rising in the morning, had seen to the forenoon and milking of his herd of cows; had, with his own hands, groomed and watered his span of black colts, and had then gone into breakfast at the Colonel's table; for Mrs. Doshleigh, during the hurry of this busy Thanksgiving week, was too useful a person to be spared from the great house; and so John, of late, had taken all his meals there. I wonder that the Colonel did not notice how both John and Lucy blushed when they met curb other that morning. As for Lucy, she was as rosy as the brilliant clouds that streaked the orient sky beyond the hills, over whose tops the sun had just risen. It was lucky for them that the unsuspecting Colonel was not on a state of interloper of the signs of love; for so plainly did John's honest face reveal the secret of his love. In the heart, whenever he looked towards Lucy, that Mrs. Milliners was in a fever of anxiety lest her husband should detect it; and, as soon as breakfast was over, she took her nephew apart and administered a wholesome lesson of reproof and caution. "Get ready and go to meeting, out of the way, this fortification," said she, "and at dinner-time, do for the land's sake, just eat your victuals and look at the pictures on your plate, or anything, but don't keep storing at Lucy so. Your uncle will suspect something, and actually, John, it scares me to see you look so as if you wanted to eat her up. Ah, John, John; I thought you were modest, haughty boy; but, after all, you've got more of your poor father about you than his looks, I'm afraid." And now, it being the eleventh hour of the morning, throughout the length and breadth of the Xiptuck valley, throughout the county of Windham, withal, nay, throughout the whole extent of the State of Connecticut, was heard the merry sound of ringing bells; while, home upward with the wreaths of smoke from every fuming kitchen chimney-top, rose fragrant steams and exhaustless, so that everywhere the frosty air was full of cluming melodies, and the delicious odors of the oven and the spit. The sturdy freemen of the commonwealth, banished from their firesides by their busy housewives, assembled at the meeting-house; while the good damen themselves remained at home, absorbed in culinary cares. Even Mrs. Sweaney's accustomed place in her power was that morning vacant. and indeed, the Deacon, her husband, although he started in good time, did not arrive at the door of the sanctuary until the benediction had been pronounced by Parson Groves, and the younger portion of his impatient and hungry congregation had begun to effect their tumultuous escape. It happened that the Deacon, on his way to meeting, while passing the tavern, had been accosted by the landlord; who, standing at the bar-room door and winking with elaborate slyness, had informed him that one Apollos Swift was in the house, warming himself at the back-parlor fire, and waiting to see Denison Sweeny. "I've been waiting for you, Deacon," said the landlord, "for he's in a dispute fret, and you must come in and see him, of its only for a minute. Tell ye, he's pretty hard up, I guess!" At this intelligence, the withered old muscle in Deacon Sweeny's bosom gave a flutter against his ribs, and his little red eyes emitted a transient, twinkling gleam of satisfaction. Apollo Switt was a spendthrift jockey farmer, residing in the neighboring county town, whose necessities had often compelled him, from time to time, to borrow money from the Beacon; and, in fact, whose present errand in Walbury was to effect still another loan, and to secure its repayment by still another mortgage. Upon his homestead found a fire, oily, Filled to Decon, Sneffordily It's worth. The Decon had, for Some time, been exercising this final application; Included, had put aside a Enlightened jury wherewith to Meet it. "Another fire hundred." Should be. US be counted out of the roll Of bills, and had it stayed in a snug Aghast hole of his desk, "another five hundred and fifty thousand dollars and fifty thousand dollars." Let the interest run up, and then, sometime, when times are tight, just before, and the suit is gone, I'll have a farm in Windham that won't be cost me but a little more than half what I can get for it. So, though the Bell had already begun to toll, the Deacon turned aside, and allowed the landlord into the bar-room. "I shall just have to go," said he to the publican, "and tell the fervent, don't do no business today, though, to manage, after all, 'tis past; and talking over business, when you don't do none, ain't neither servile labor, nor vain recreation." "Oh! Of M-T-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S-S Back part of the door was again opened, and Don Con Sweny came forth to resume his walk towards the morning house, he had promised Apollo Swift to lend him, upon the morrow, another great hundred dollars, and had fathomed together, equipped and offered to sell, and conveyed to him, by proper and legal guarantees, and as a sacrifice in the law, for the consideration of fifty dollars, to be paid in bond, two months of land; the same being on the building lot, each duly numbered, fronting upon Main Street, in the city of Schenectady, which at that time, as at the present writing, consisted of an extensive ludge of proceedings, pleasantly situated upon the western slope of the Allegheny Mountains, in the ancient commonwealth. of Virginia, district at the Hat, twenty miles from any dwelling of civilized man. Deacon Sweeny and Mr. Swift had been so very busy arranging the terms and candidates of the various such contracts, that the time had slipped by unheeded. Besides, Parson Graves, with the prospect before him of a Thanksgiving dinner, was also present in prayer and sermon as of a Sunday. When, therefore, the Deacon, after a hasty walk, arrived in eight of the meeting-house, and beheld the people thronging from the porch, he was struck with amazement and terror — as well he might have been, indeed, for a reason which the reader will presently discover. His neighbor eyed his disordered looks with wonder; and some, as they met him, turned to gaze; while others, speaking, bade him good morning. But he, on entering, either not at all, or with the briefest form of salutation, pressed forward towards the rear-stone-house door without stopping, until he came to the very step-stone whereon stood Parson Graves. "Parson Graves," said the Deacon, who was almost brusque with disquiet and haste. "Can't you just call a few?" Of the people back, and open the meeting again, for just a while minute!" "For what reason, I pray to know, Deacon Sweeny?" inquired the Person, in great surprise at this engaging request. "Just call them back," cried the Deacon, imploringly — "or else, I will — hello there! — Captain Brown, I say — Left on the James and a lot of you — Here — Come back!" "Doacon Sweeny," said Parsion Graves, "pray cease this incessantly on every. It is too late to recall the congregation, who have been dismissed to their homes." "Oh, there!" cried the Deacon, giving way to despair, while a few of his wondering neighbors, attracted by his shouts, returned and gathered about him, making eager inquiries concerning the cause. Of his distreart. "Oh, dear! Dear! Here I've got in my pocket my son Jab's pulilis, which ought to have been read from the pulpit this morning, and the wedding set for tonight!" "Great!" whispered Captain Brown to Lieutenant Jones; "I guess the Colonel's wife will be on the second when he turns how 'tis." "And the Colonel!" replied the Captain; "went he rare, though, when he hears nothing?" "But, tut, tut, tut!" said Parson Gwyn, with lively sympathy; "what a pity! How came it pass." At hearing himself thus vociferously called, "John, turned back and retraced his steps to the porch of the meeting-house, wondering what could be the cause of such an unusual outcry. "Mr. John Dashleigh," said the Parson, "you will grieve to be informed that, by a most unfortunate omission of a requital and wholesale formality, the wedding of your cousin Lucy and young Joab Sweeny must be postponed." "Oh, no!" whispered the Deacon, with terror-haunted lips. "At least, such, I fear, must be the result of what has happened," resumed the Parson. "Your uncle, having not only learned in the law, but the father of the intended bride, ought to be informed of the untoward event, and confounded with concurring it and its consequences. Will you be so glad, therefore, as to hasten home and communicate the News to him, privately, I should advise; and also to request him, in my name, to come immediately to my house, where Deacon Sweeny and myself will wait to see him. I think, added the Parson, with a quiet smile, "that we had better not go to your house. Deacon, until we have first taken counsel with the Colonel." "Oh, by no means!" cried the Deacon, eagerly. John received the message, and hastened home, where, first having seen his aunt Betsey and told her of what had happened, he sought the Colonel in his bedroom, where he sat reading the newspaper and waiting for dinner, and delivered his errand. The Colonel heard the news with manifest concern. He dropped his paper, and gave a prolonged whistle. "Deacon forgot it, did he?" said he. "Yes," replied John; "so I understood." "How! And won't Axy all but bust when she finds it out! Aetilly, 'tuin't best to tell her; the Deicion, ralj-, wouldn't he safe; she'd take his pelt. I do believe. I tell you, John," continued his uncle, after a thoughtful pause, "you just keep your own counsel, and I'll run right up to the Parson's. 'Tain't so bad as it might be; though, if the women get hold on't, it'll make some trouble, maybe. I'll just take a look at the stuff, and see perfectly what the law is on this point, and then I'll go right along, but, publishment or no publication, them two must be named tonight. I've set my heart on't, as I've told you more than once; and, besides, I've sworn to it, and it's got to be." So saying, The Colonel took down his well- thumbed copy of the Revised Statutes, opened at the index, then turned to the chopter entitled "An Act for the due and orderly celebrating of Marriage," and brought up the force of his intellect to bear upon the question of the construction and true interests of the clause which prescribed that, "no person shall be admitted in marriage, before the publication of the marriage or institution of the parties proceeding therein hath been sufficiently published in some public meeting or congregation, on the Lord's Day, or sometime subsequent, banksgiving, or lecture do not be deemed." In the meantime, Lieutenant Jones, whose Dwelling was the usual door to Deacim Swinton's, had hurried home, and told the important news to his wife; and that worthy lady, leaving the care of the roof to a little black girl, lost no time in going, by the black nurse, to her neighbors; and imparting to Mr. Sweeny and Joah, the aslooniog inlleligence, which so nearly concerned them. It was in consequence of this act of neighborly kindness, that Leonard Jones' household were, that day, forced to dine on chekes pie; the little black pirl having proved unworthy of the trust reposed in her by her too confiding mistress, and the subject of the trust itself, to wit, a fat and tender twelve-pound spring turkey, having been suffered to burn upon the spit, until it was nothing but a crisped and blackened cinder. Though she afterwards attempted, on inquiry, for deseribe the rise of Mrs. Swallow's default and its dinful "feast-t, Mrs. Jones never offered to do her matter full justice." This was her way, freely to confess; albeit she was a woman of different speech, and not a little rain of her gift in that respect, which, although it stirred the deepest terror into the heart of the negligent little black woman. Mill. Endeavored, appaled even the benevolent militia, her husband, was, in comparison, not an ordinary South-easter to a West Indian hurricane, that Mrs. Jones's ready tongue repeatedly failed to accomplish, my feeble pen still attempted to accomplish. When the first furious onset of her indignation had spent itself, and Lad given place to fierce but less violent blasts of wrathful emotion, Mrs. Jones's. Sweely seized her bonnet and stood, and, followed by Joub, entered forthwith, at a rapid pace, for Colonel Manners' house, which, as the supposition, her grieved husband had fled for refuge. The Parson and the Deacon, waiting for the Colonel's coming, saw her through the windows of the poison-house parlor, as she went through the window, and knew then that the doctor had rescued her ears. The Deacon turned and shivered in his shoes, but the wiser Parson took heart and comforted his trembling parishioner. "The worst is over," was he; such violent pillows, however, will fail to carry off, and as it were, only the superfluity of her mental irritation. I think, therefore, that, as my dinner is not yet ready, we had better go up to the Colonel, also; for otherwise it is plain that he shall now see him. So it happened, that when Colonel Manners, after turning down a loaf at the net aforesaid concerning Marriage, returned the Revised Statutes to its place on the shelf, and, putting on the hat, he got as far as the mouth of the mine, on his way to the Parsons, he beheld his sister, the Deacon's wife, bearing down towards him with incredible swiftness, with much following closely in her wake and, in the distance, far descried the Parsons and Deacon Sweeny, bovering at a safe inter-al astern, while, all along the street, the neighbors, standing at their doors, watched from afar the progress of the procession. " Well! there!" eaid the Colonel, in IV despairing tone, ns ho emne to a holt^ mid taking off his hat rubbed his e-calp iu grent ptrph'sily; "mow ef there ain't a goi»' to be « time, I otm I neT«r £««ano!" As tooa. ne Mrs. SwCcny reached (he place where her brother was standing, Dore-hended, she forthwith essayed to spealt ; but the tumult of her emotions, together with tlie eitreinc rt locity of her pnec, liadwell nigh deprived her of all power to u-fe that unruly member of licr body, for the usual vigor of wLicli she wLLi so justly remarkable. She was able only to gaep fortfi a few frngrnents of eiceedhigly abuslTC and cniuiunioos epithets, reference thereby being bad to her hiLsbiuid, Deacon Sweeny. This unwonted unpotcute on the part of UiB lady gave her brother an nuexpectwt mlvatitage, which tie did not fail to im- prove. "I declare," said he, address- ing her with great asnerity, "ye act more lik-e a dnmb fool than ever I knew yo to;" which was, in.iU'ed, the exad 190 TuxVe Marritd, [Angost, tralji ; although, to bo sure, tUo Colonel did not U:fc tlie adjcctivo in its ordiiuuy and literal sense, but chose it to quality the noun, on nccouut of its innocent similarity in ^ound to a more profane word. " Here yo are," he continued, " a racing down here like a nivin' distract- ed crctnr got out o' Bedlam ; and tlio up;ihot on't '11 bo that ye'llstir up Betsey aud Lucy, nml frighten 'cm about the publishment, when, cf ye'd ha' jest kep away, they'd ha' never known on't till arterwards, aud no harm done. And you, too, Joab ; what do you mean by tcoriii' along the street arter this fashion, with all the neighbors a loukin' on, a wonderin' niid mukiu' fun. You ort to kniiw bcltiT. I declare, yo put me out of all cousait with ye !" "Aud Where's the Deacon?" cried Mrs. Sweeny, who, by this time, had recovered breath enough to speak j "where is be; the ridio'lous, forgetful, good-for-nothin', onnateral old ." "Now do you jest come in hei-o!" muttered tbo Colonel through his closed teeth, as bo suddenly griped his sister by the ann, and walked her before him through the gate out of tho street. "Ow-fth — let me alone!" cried Mrs. Sweeny. But the Colonel had grown despondent. He tightened his grip, and gave him a pis-tor a shake or two that set him to the stretch of his shirt. "I tell you," said he, in a low, determined tone, "of you open your head to let out on any of your spiteful shine and yet husband, or anybody else, I'll be damned if I don't give you what he'd ort to get years ago, by grieving! I will, if it costs a string of laws! So shut up your mouth!" he added, shaking his head threateningly, as he let go his hold upon her arm, "and don't let me hear a crooked word out on it!" Mrs. Sweeny was, for once in her life, pretty thoroughly cowed; and, at this moment, greatly to her surprise, her husband and Parson Graves appeared at The gate; but the virago, into whose heart the Colonel's threat had struck a wholesome terror, darted not open her lips to revile the Deacon, especially as he was in the company of the Parson. "Morning, Parson; morning, Deacon," cried the Colonel, trying to assume a manner of smiling indifference. "Come in, Deacon; don't be afraid, your wife and I have heard all about it. There ain't much harm done, I guess." "And what can be done, Colonel," inquired the Parson, coming forward; while the Deacon, shrinking at the sight of the blazing fury which flashed from his wife's eyes, still hung in the rear. "Just come into the house and we'll talk it all over," replied the Colonel, leading the way; but, at the same time, casting backward a glance of warning at his sister. As soon as the whole party were seated in the bedroom, the Colonel went to seek his wife, who was not far off, having, from the window of Lucy's chamber, beheld, with esultation, the victory which her husband had gained over Mrs. Sweeny. He found her upon the stairs, and briefly communicated to her the intelligence of which she had already been informed by John Dashleigh. "Good gracious me!" cried Mrs. Manners, with well-known surprise, "and there's all the invitations to the wedding have been sent, and a good many are coming from out of town. What on earth's to be done?" "Now, Betsey," said the Colonel, taking his wife by the hand, "I'm decidedly persuaded; and I beg on you to be a reasonable woman, as you can be well enough, if you only have a mind to. Don't go to being set and def to all." Argument, as women will be sometimes. You know I have sworn a solemn oath that this wedding has got to take place tonight. I never want to break my oath or to have a fuss about it with you or Lucy." "But to be married without a publication," said Mrs. Manners, in a tone of gentle remonstrance. "Betsey!" cried the Colonel, a little impatiently; "you know you've seen me marry, just and last, a hull bamvard full of couples, that probably had never been published. But come, there's the Parson, Aiy, Joab, and the Deacon, all a woitin' down in the bedroom to hear lay opinion about the matter. I'm going to read them the law, and explain upon it. Just come along, and if you only reasonable, I'll satisfy you all." The Colonel was cridily sadly bothered and annoyed, and his wife, who loved him with all her heart, said nothing more to add to his vexation. "I'm willing, husband," said she, pressing his hand, "that if your heart is set upon it, your only soul will be filled tonight; just it's turn to fall short to have our only mind alive like a prince." Throughout the text, the following corrections have been made to the original text: "I know it, Beply," said I, "but it can't be expected." So Mrs. Manner, without further remark, followed her husband into the bed, where the others were waiting. The Deacon felt greatly relieved, which we, indeed, for him most opportune; for off the present possession of Union Graves, it was not possible to leave the place to which Mrs. H. Peery kept the peace to her husband. As soon as the usual greetings had been exchanged, Mrs. Manner and the Mission, the Colonel took down the Estate-Book again, and opened at the place where the leaf was turned down. "We all know that the usual form of publication of intention has been emitted," said Puntos Grafos, looking at his watch, and thinking of his dinner. Let us leave no time in deciding what to be a bride, with respect to the wedding, which, otherwise, would have been settled to the church. Joseph, you are one of the parties most interested. Are you willing if the ceremony should be postponed until another week, in order that due notice might be given to the congregation. Sabbath day is the place! Now Joseph's mood, during his famous walk, and while he had been waiting in the basement, had been greatly exercised and disturbed by a most distressing nature. In a word, he feared that the solitude of his present circumstances, as a burden, in his immediate vicinity, might, perhaps, be affected and impaired by a sudden change. In compliance with the requirement of the law, "For my part," said he, wriggling in his chair, on being replied to Perry Graves' question. "I should like to know whether it's legal or otherwise point to point. If it's legal, it's legal, and I don't see how it can be — I must say I'd rather wait. I'm in such a hurry as to make to break the law." "Humph!" said the Colonel, regarding his nephew with a look of contempt. "Your party, cool-headed, and cool-headed though, for a man of your age, in your sittings." "Sure," said the prisoner, "I admire the distinction and patience which the young man tries. If it's not legal to protect." Led, I cannot persons sing ceremoniously." The Colonel shook his head as a warning to his sister, who, with difficulty, restrained her wrath. "The wedding," said he, "is always a great event, and still looks at the disappointed man with composure, with composure, and I mean just what I say. If you are a man, you must be married to my sister. I must go to urge him; and if Parliament Graves wants to have it, that his publication had to be put out for a minister to act at a wedding, well and good; I've nothing more to say, just now, just now. How, then, that point. "Of course," began the minister. "Ah, for the matter of its being recorded to law, I do not suppose it would be strictly speaking," continued the Colonel, unmindful of the disappointment. "I'll just and explain what I said on that point. You must, Parson," he added, after having read from the book which he held in his hand, "you should have the statement pervaded the usual persimby should be lined in wedlock, without the usual legal notice published in a barroom manuscript." Pulid out. With, though to look, to be sure, at first eight, as if it meant to say in the public. Island, av jinia' — but 'luin't mi, atid tt don't mean so; for tba thiril fectJou here penidc?. tbal, t-f any juMico er minister shall jint mij person in marriage — shall ji^u auy person In marriage — shall ji^u auy person In marriage, "withly be increased empaeisi tmd looking up over his spectacles at the Parsif, "without being first published, they shall pay a fine of seven dollars, Now just look at the matter. Sons are married without being published, they're their jingles or they njn'l jined. If they are jined, why they are jined, and that's all that's wanted, and if they don't jined they ain't jined, and that their section is all nyni and dull, don't meet nothings, and can't be broke; and if they. It's the case, what on earth did the Legislature put it into the law for? But you see it does mean something, and can be broke, and it is the offenders that persons can be jined in marriage, who haven't been published; only those that perform the ceremony and do so. When it comes to doing, and it is liable to pay the penalty, then the law is broken, and it is liable to pay the penalty. Here the Colonel paused, and, having got a little heated, he took off his spongy and walked his forehead with his hands. "Just so," said Mrs. Sweeny, to whom, nevertheless, the Colonels' exposition of the morning of the statute had been wholly incomprehensible. "It's as plain as plain that we all exactly according to the law," said Colonel, "I think I understand your argument, Colonel," said the Parson, who had listened attentively, sitting, meanwhile, very straight and upright in his chair, with his hands resting on the top of his chair, his eyebrows and a little elevated, and his head cocked tightly to one side. "Allow me to see the book," he added, putting on his spectacles — "ah! yes — section third — um-m — any minister— um-m-hall pay— sixty-seven dollars— um-m-m — one moiety — um-m — and so forth: j-eji, Colonel, I think you're right; and, with respect to the fine." "Why!" "Of course, you won't lose nothing in that way!" cried the Colonel with great emphasis — "the Deacon and I will stand in that gap, if need be; they." Deacon! "Yes, of course," replied Deacon Sweeny, under the strait duress of his wife's glance. "I'll be willing to give twice the money, just to see the fellow that's there to prosecute," cried the Colonel, snatching the table with his fist. "Nove the truth," remarked the Parson, "I must confess I like not the idea of infringing the law of the land, even when I may do so with impunity. It becomes not those to whom authority is entrusted to use it in a manner which is by law forbidden." "Well, Parson," said the Colonel; "as for that, I suppose I'm in authority as much as you be; and, though as a general thing I intend to be a law-abiding man, which I ought to be as a citizen and a friend, and particularly as a magistrate, I'd use as not tell you that I expect I've broken this identical statute more than fifty times. If a couple looks old enough to have a right to be married as they please, I just can't be without being too curious." "Is it possible!" cried the Parson; "and that's the secret of the reason why young people..." From beyond the line, Heck your house so much more frequently than mine, as I have heard?" "Kzackly," replied the Colonel, with a shrewd smile; "now you've found it out, you'll be getting my business away from me — now you've learned the trick of my trade; and a pretty good business it is, too, about this time of year. Last Thanksgiving night, when we got home from Andrew's and Sally's wedding, up to the Deacon's here, you're looking, we found two couples waiting to be joined; didn't we, Betsey? and I joined them, too; though, I haven't more time they were published, than I have they were bound — not a bit." Encouraged by these precedents.

bpt6k262899c_2

French-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

Le Temps

None

French

Spoken

La reconnaissance nationale envers le maréchal Badoglio Pour exprimer la reconnaissance de la nation au maréchal Pietro Badoglio, le conseil des ministres a approuvé un projet,de loi accordant au mare-chai, durant toute sa vie, le traitement qu'il avait en tant que commandant supérieur en Afrique prientalsi, ESPAGNE L'agitation sociale La «olution apportée par M. Llubi, ministre du travail, au conflit du bâtiment, ne semble, pas satisfaire la Confédération nationale du travail, de nuance anarcho-syndicaliste. L'augmentation des salaires, notamment, est jugée trop faible. La Confédération nationale du travail, qui compte 82,000 ouvriers dans le bâtiment et industries connexes, contre 18,COO à l'Union générale des travailleurs, socialiste, annonce que ses. affiliés ne reprendront pas le travail tant qu'une assemblée générale extraordinaire n'en aura pas ainsi décide. Le bruit court avec insistance que la Confédération nationale du travail tenterait de déclencher la grève générale demain 'lundi. Il est certain que l'Union générale des travailleurs ne s'associera pas à ce mouvement. Des collisions sont à .craindre. v .1. -j'. 4 .ii ,S~(.¡,I r/' -:&gt;y. «-: -̃"̃• .• ALtElHAONE ̃̃̃ ?. Le Fiihrer définit à Weimar son rôle et celui dé son part) Notre correspondant particulier de Berlin nous téléphone dimanche matin 5 juillet Dans la deuxième discours qu'il a prononcé à Weimar et dont le Temps a reproduit la première partie à l'occasion du dixième anniversaire du premier congrès national-socialiste, le Eiihrer a défini en ces termes son propre rôle et celui, de' sonj&gt;arti; La responsabilité ne peut être qu'entre les mains d'un seul homme. Il n'y a pas de décision dont Il ne porte à lui seul la responsabilité. C'est le prinoipe supérieur de notre mouvement. C'est le principe de l'ancienne démocratie germanique. L'instance suprême ne reconnaît au-dessus d'elle que le peuplé allemand tout entier, que' nous nous engageons tous à servir et visà-vis duquel nous nous sentons responsables. Croyezvous possible qu'une personnalité digne de ce nom puisse prendre une responsabilité qui lui serait octroyée par une majorité quelconque? On dira que le monde bourgeois et le marxisme l'oût fait. Certainement. Mais nous avons vu là fin héroïque de leurs expériences. Ils ont exéouté ce que la masse leur commandait, mais ils n'ont jamais eu le courage de prendre leurs responsabilités. C'est compréhensible, car une majorité anonyme ne peut être responsable. Comment oes milliers d'hommes qui prennent leurs décisions secrètement, si possible à bulletins fermés, prendraient-ils une responsabilité? Songez à l'Illégalité de ce principe. La direction d'un peuple ne doit pas être un organe qui exéoute, mais un organe qui dirige. Le parti constitue une sélection des éléments politiques de notre peuple. Il est réellement l'organe directeur et législateur. L'Etat est l'organe administratif; ïl exerce-lepouvoir exécutif. Le parti remplit toutes les conditions d'un gouvernement vraiment populaire, car tout l'appareil qui est à la tête de l'Etat et du Reloh passe du haut en bas par ce mouvement. Il s'édifie sur un processus de séleotion continue. Elle commence dans la cellule la plus petite: le groupe local; elle se poursuit -dans les oercles et Jes « Gau » pour prendre fin elles n'ont rien fait d'autre que d'exécuter en conscience leurs exercices de chiens savants. Quelle duperie, dira-t-on, voyez-vous en cela? La voici. Cette générosité de la, ying-, tième année, cette sincérité, ce pouvoir juvénile de vivre un rôle sont des qualités charmantes, et c'est beaucoup que le Conservatoire ne les .étouffe pas. Mais l'enseignement est autre chose. Reconnaissons que cet enseignement n'a pas entièrement manqué à sa tâche. Dans* l'ensemble nous avons entendu des acteurs qui articulaient bien et qui parlaient français, ce, qui est plus rare qu'on'ne pease, L'aciion1 aisée, la voix obéissante, ils menaient sans peine une scène dans le mouvement. On me dit que la plupart des élèves ont l'habitude des planches, et~c&gt;èst tant mie je n'arrive pas à partager l'indignation des puristes qui voudraient élever les acteurs dans des séminaires, sous la dictée de quelques vieux comédiens sans talent, qui enseignent les règles de leur art sans avoir jamais su les pratiquer. L'acteur, comme ïé peinte, comme l'écrivain, se forme, lui-même. Contradiction, répond le lecteur, yous.ve-r.nez de dire qu'un enseignement était nécessaire. Qui le: nie ?. A. la baselde tout art, il y, a une technique, et. qui s'apprend. Mais n'exagérons rien. Quand on nous raconte', que cette taohnique est durable -et fondée sur la tradition, on se moque de nous. Il m'est arrivé de voir dans leur extrême vieillesse des acteurs qui avaient la tradition romantique leurs pieds en équerre, leur corps de trois quarts, leur têtèhdégagée, leurs regards élevés, leurs gestes soutenus, qui précédaient la parole, tout cela était suranné jusqu'au ridicule. Il n'y a pas de tradition. La technique change à chaque génération; elle est nécessaire sans être vénérable. Le malheur serait de la confondre avec l'art luimême. Elle n'est qu'un moyen à son service. Quand un peintre saurait toutes les recettes de la peinture, il ne saurait rien s'il ne s'est pas en outre battu avec l'Ange. Son vrai maître, c'est celui qui lui sert de second dans ce combat quelquefois un ami, quelquefois un vieil artiste oublié, quelquefois un dieu dans sa gloire, quelquefois un fantôme. Les acteurs livrent la même lutte. L'Ange contre lequel ils sg^ttent i'ipiUs iif i^Foyi; IlliliSlfiÊSt t dans. la direction 'du Reich. Cette organisation -Indépendante de décisions majoritaires n'a qu'un iûtérêt jst -'bo peut en avoir qu'un chercher toujours, eri partant d'en bas, les têtes les meilleures, les faire avancer et monter jusqu'en haut de l'échelle. "L"e ïuhrer déclara en terminant: Nqs adversaires sont venus à Weimar avec • cette misérable Constitution fabriquée par un juif (Preuss). v et', non contenta de cela, ils ont souillé aussi l'antique foyer de la culture allemande. AUTRICHE La possibilité d'un rapprochement austro-allemand ̃ On mande dé Vienne h l'agenoe Havae Les. 'conversations engagées de longue main entre Vienne et Berlin' sur les possibilités d'une normalisation des. relations austro-allemandes,conversations qui, depuis plus d'un mois, sepour-: suivent directement .entre le chancelier ̃ von Schuschnigg; "pi M. von Pàpen, suivent leur cours normal. '̃ Les milieux allemands de presse, à la suite d'indications qu'ils ont recueillies de fraîche date, de source diplomatique allemande, se montrent ëri: ce moment particulièrement optimistesquant à la possibilité d'un aboutissement relativement pro* chain de ces conversations. Dans les milieux autrichiens avertis, on observQ., 'là -plus grande réserve quant à la marché de ftè| pourparrers-'qui, dit-oh, se éantorinënt dîôs le q&amp; maine des, généralités, mais l'on se: montre toutefois très catégorique sur un point, c'est que les qondi tions fine quanon que met l'Autriche a toute normalisation de ses rapports aveo l'Allemagne, et qui ont été maintes fois' précisées, n'ont pas dévié et ne dévieront pas d'une ligne. On 'sait que la principale de ces conditions est la reconnaissance de l'indépendance de l'Autrichèi dans des termes excluant toute immixtion future du Reich dans la politique intérieure de ce pays. On a l'impression, à'Vienne, que le Reich est disposé en..ce moment à s'engager assez loin dans la ;voie dès concessions. YOUGOSLAVIE Le Front national fasciste contre le gouvernement La presse yougoslave considère que l'élection comme président du parti national du général Pierre Sinkovite-li, ancien ministre de la guerre, mis à la retraite il y a quelques mois,: est Te premier acte d'une lutte qui doit unir tous les nationaux e.t fascistes yougoslaves contre ,1e gouvernement Stoyadinovitcn, et contre les menées autonomistes de là Croatie.' ̃ ̃' Pologne :̃. '̃ Interdiction de 1' n Oanisko » .̃• Le journal Ûgniskcr, paraissant en France et imprimé en langue polonaise, est) interdit en Pologne à cause de certaines « révélations sur lapolitique extérieure de^ee' pays *^févéla;tiôilsqu^4 cet^fei}iU6#ujr.aife^éeemtofent^pjil&gt;liét'â.&lt;ri; *-&lt;&lt;w. BULGARIE V rSi Le nouveau cabinet Le nouveau cabinet Kusseivanov. est déflnitive-:ment constitué de la façon suivante présidence du conseil et affaires étrangères.: MKusi eeivanov. ̃ ̃ t ̃ ̃ •̃ z Intérieur:, MKrèslovsW. président 4e ̃ 1» cour. d«acomptes. • Guerre général Loukov* ,̃&lt;, Justice: Mi Karadjpzov, présideai dia*.la' oauc fle. cas» sation. Commerce: M. Velêv^ Finances: M. Gounev. Agriculture: M, Radi yassjley,: gouverneur: de Je Banque agricole. Chemins de fer: M. Kojouharov4 Travaux publics: Mi Ganev, Instruction publique: M, MichaïlioVj La déclax;atioh ministérielle La déclaration gouvernementale dit notamment que le gouvernement continuera la politique extérieure du gouvernement précédent attache^ ment à la Société des nations, rapprochement aveo la Yougoslavie, paix, entente et collabpration, cordiale avec les pays voisins, rapports amicaux: aveo les autres Etats. Le programme de la politique intérieure sera' celui du manifeste royal du 21 avril 1935.Le gouvernement procédera à des' élections lé|.gislatives dans la seconde quinzaine d'octobre. Afin d'assurer la Jiberté des élections, on. :i'f `:: confié le poste, de ministre de l'intérieur à ùûëj: personne qui ne fut jamais mêlée, aux J.u.ttes^ £pïï-^ tiques. •̃ ,r. Le parti agrarien, non représenté dans le cabiv net, se sent fortement. offensé et: ses membres laissent prévoir qu'ils mèneront une lutte; électorale acnarnée contre lui, D'autre part, les petits partis se sentent menacés dans leur existence, càç. il est possible qu'une nouvelle loi électorale limite; le nombre des groupements politiques. ̃•̃ du* Conservatoire au dix-neuvième siècle, quand' il était encore excellent, a consisté à dresser les. élèves à ce combat. Etude des personnages, considérés comme des êtres vivants, et dont il faut découvrir l'âme derrière lès discours; étude des sentiments, considérés comme des mécanismes de cette, âme, et dont il faut connaître le secret tout l'art d'un Samson était dans cette, recherche, et c'est toute la loi du théâtre. Cette recherche" est infinie. Paul Mounet voulait que l'acteur, loin de descendre vers le rôle, l'élevât vers lui, .et. animât de ce feu sa propre statue. Mounet*1 Sully, au contraire, voulait qu'on revêtit, le peri sonnage comme un gant et qu'on lui soufflât son âme. Ainsi les deux frères parlaient un langage opposé. On entrevoit une diversité extrême de procédés et de moyens. Un acteur étudiera l'énigme d'un caractère et essaiera de-, la résoudre. Ainsi avait fait Le Bargy pour Tar-, tuffe, en qui il avait découvert un puritain dévoyé) une sorte de Côte-de-Pèr resté en France après la bataille des Dunes, avec des retours^ de brutalité soldatesque. Un autre, au contraire^; prendra la psychologie du rôle; pour point -de: départ, et il; essaiera-de reproduire les aspects, les gestes, les inflexions, les tics qu'elle pëtir engendrer c'est ce que Mi Jouvet a fait quaÉW il a étudié le rôle d'Arnolphe. Mais d'une m'fi.: mère ou d'une'autre, c'est à l'étude de'la nature qu'il faut rapporter l'art dramatique. ̃•̃ Si l'on juge le concours de mardi à cette me^ sure, iï«change: beaucoup d'aspectOn s'aperçoit alors que nombre deces jeunes gens ont exprimé avec bonheur leur vérité particulière^ et qu'ils ont. montré de la sincérité. Le cas le plus singulier est celui de M. Bilis. C'est un garçon de vingt-trois ans, petit, mais leste, le nez long, l'air étonné, la voix légère et naïve. Il est proprement l'Arlequin de; Marivaux ingénu, mais malin; rustique, mais d'une grâce, candide; suivant tout droit son cœur, mais raisonnant, avec ia justesse des simples. C'est un Jeannot lapin du dix-huitième siècle, gentil, et qui sait qu'il joue la comédie. C'est déjà, avec, une élégance plus mièvre et un air de bergerie désuet, un, personnage, de Marcel Achard. Quant à composer un personnage qui ne soit .{pas mûrement la ftgurg de. leur; •fantaisie^ il' àê ~SSK~&amp;E~~E~l&amp;B'NS&amp;M'BSt~ïS-r ~I.TS. .̃ r ÉTATS-UNIS Fête de l' « Independence Day » Les Etats-Unis ont célébré avec enthousiasme la fête nationale du 4 juillet, l&amp;O-.anivérsaire de leur indépendance. ` A Monticello (Virginie), le président Roosevelt. a prononcé un discours, sous le portiquede lacélèbre maison de Thomas Jefferson, discours qui a été radiodiffusé. "Ce président Roosevelt' a fait l'éloge de l'œuvre de Jefferson qui, a-t-il dit, a inauguré « un nouveau sens de la liberté ». Après avoir retracé la iiyie.du grand démocrate américain, le président Roosèvelt a ajouté: '̃ • La démocratie moderne a besoin, avant tout, de conserver son esprit de jeunesse. Nos problèmes de 1936 exigent le maintien de notre énergie et' la faculté de 'prendre nos responsabilités, comme au temps de Jef-t.•: fërson; L'esprit de notre peuple dans ces temps de crise est la meilleure assurance du développement de nos i institutions démocratiques], .•̃̃ -=_. -?vr;_ ,• ,,CHINE ..̃5; i Assassinat d'un ancien ministre c. Qn." télégraphie dé. Hong-Kong '• M.: T.-T. Ching, ancien ministre des .finances,, a été tué ce, matinde trois coups de feu; au mo-, ment où il descendait de voiture. L'assassin, un. Chinois, a réussi prendre la fuite, Les' motif s .du' meurtre seraient d ordre politique. MANDCHOURIE L'abolition du. privilège d'exterritorialité; f L'ambassade du Japon. communique.UEti.f.télé-; gramme reçu de Hsin-King dont nous extçayfnls. les passages suivants A l'occasion de la mise en vigueur du traité nîppo-mandchou relatif -à l'abolition graduelle, du régime d'exterritorialité, M. Ohang, ministre des affaires étrangères du Mandohoukouo, a fait; au sujet de la situation des .ressortissants étrangers autres que les Japonais établis en Mandchourie, une déclaration dont voicii la substance, Lors de sa fondation, l'Etat mandchou a fait connaître, aussi bien dans sa déclaration -qufv.toiB j^B_ communications qu'il a adressées aux .gouvernements" étrangers, qu'il entendait respecter, conformément aux principes du droit des gens et à la coutume internationale, les droits et les intérêts dont ces pays jouissaient 'alors, aux termes de traités ou de', conventions. conclus -avec la Chine. ̃̃ Il y a .déjà plus de quatre ans que mon pays: a, lors de ea fondation, noûflé cette ̃ déclaration.. Cependant, à l'exception d'un très petit nombre". d'Etats, les pays étrangers n'ont pas cru devoir répondre^ Ces corn-' municattons. étant demeurées unilatérales, les pays. étrangers qui ont gardé le silence n'ont aucun titre à se prévaloir de droits quelconques. lUA^FRANCE P^OUTRE-MER La situation en Algérie Unie conférence, consacrée aux questions algériennes, a réuni hier, place Beauvau, en présence de M. Le Beau, gouverneur de l'Algérie, MM. Salengro, ministre de l'intérieur; Jules Moch.seorétaire général à la présidence du conseil; Peigné, directeur .des affaires algériennes au ministère de l'intérieur.•;̃̃̃ M. Le Beau a fait un exposé de la situation économique,' politique et sociale en Algérie et des divers incidents qui se sont produits, parfois aémesurément grossis, mais qui retiennent néanmoins Pattention du gouvernement.. Plusieurs projets 'de décrets ou de lois ont été examinés, dont certains seront propoaé3 à un très prochain conseil do cabinet D'autres feront l'objet d'un examen ultérieur, notamment des modifications qu'il .y aurait lieu idîaùporter cà;, deâr.itextes.rlégj&amp;latjfsvou régiemen faireS, sen.. particulier au, décrati &lt;d». -^0 mars 193&amp;, irioaiflcàtions jtii seront réalisées -aussitôt.. 4ue .1^ gouvernement .aura .enregistré un a,pais.emeriiîotal Ses esprits. «. &lt; Le gouvernement. est, en effet,. Résolu. assurer la maintien de l'ordre public et doter progrès-: siyement l'Algérie &lt;fune législation nouvelle jnsr! pirée du plus large esprit démocratique. D'autre part, M. Le Peau a été reçu par M. Pierre Viénot, gous-secrét,aire d'Etat aux affaires étran^gères, 'et par M, Daladier, ministre de la défense MÙfiftale. • Nouvelles bagarres à Oran .̃̃ (Z)_&lt;? ngtte. çfirrgspondmt particulier) ̃ ̃ ̃ Oran, 5 juillet. Hier matin, huit mille sept cents moutons arrivés la veille de Colomb-Béohar et de Méchéria se trouvaient sur les quais maritimes d'Oran prêts à être embarqués sur le vapeur Djebel-Antar, affrété par la Compagnie générale transatlantique, qui devait lever l'ancre dans la matinée pour Marseille, Des piquets de grève donneront l'alarme en Ville et quelques instants plus tard près, de 2,(&gt;Q0 dockers envahirent les quais, faisant cercle autour des moutons, bien décidés à s'opposer à leur embarquement, même par la force. Le capitaine Didion, de la garde mobile, se trouvait à proximité avec un détachement du 66* d'artillerie et une trentaine d'hommes de son service. Peu à peu il fait écarter les grévistes qui se massent à l'extrémité ouest du quai Sainte-Thérèse, Les autorités sont prévenues et bientôt on expédie sur les lieux des détachements de zouaves, la gendarmerie et des brigades d'agents de tous les arrondissements. Mais les fauteurs de troubles ne cèdent pas la place. Un choc se produit, des coups sont échangés. Qùaiïd le calme est rétabli, on compte une dizaine aè'~i)lêssés indigènes, transportés à .l'hôpital; un. gàrd'ê mobile a été blessé. A aucun moment la service de sécurité n'a été débordé par les grévistes. L'ordre a été rapidement rétabli. A la suite' ûi'ces incidents, le. cargo Djebel-Antar a levé l'anpre, .les inoutoiis restant sur les quais. ï Pans l'après-midi, les grévistes ont envoyé, une délégation au préfet. .'•'•̃̃ semble pas que la plupart d'entre ;eux y soient entraînés le moins du monde; et leurs compositions manquent le plus souvent de, caractère; Ainsi s'explique l'inégalité entre .ce. gu'on nomme le. concours classique et |e&amp; concours modernes. On sait que chaque cooçùrreirf présente deux scènes, dont la première .est prise dans un répertoire qui s'achève à Musset, et dont l'autre est prise chez les auteurs que les professeurs du Conservatoire, littérateurs distingués, ont déclarés postérieurs à Musset, et parmi lesquels ils ont place George Sand. Ils n'en sont pas; àcela près. Ils ont ajouté Shakespeare à cette catégorie. Elle con§tjtitè;ie njoderne.o, Or, la modenae a été infiniment mieux joué que le classique. Le premier concurrent, M. Delmain, qui avait distillé d'une bouche écarquillée la tirade de Basile, a. été bien plus près d'e la vérité', dans Richard III; M. Meyer, qui lui succédait et qui avait été particulière^ ment mauvais dans un .Harpagon sansftgure eiv;san.s' caractère, s'est beaucoup iriieux défendu dans ip. Commissaire est bon. ènfcmt,. J!"i^it AbsteAbsent» Effectifs Groupes pour contre nus par cong« 42 .Ind. républicains .•&gt;fc-s 12 e^ 16 .Ind.' d'action populaire 5 11 i– 59 Fédération républicaine et apparentés 58 i ̃ iSi ..Démocrates populaires ̃ • • et apparentés [.̃ i&amp;t~ j;r-^0 'Sép" ind;, .action go-V' '̃ ciale, gri'dgfaire'eii .̃. apparentés '̃.̃v 39' ̃ 1 44' i Alliance 'des répub. de ̃'̃:̃̃ •' ̃̃ •̃ gauche, ra'dW. iûd; ,•• • '̃ ̃et: apparentés -39 2' 'B $8 Gauche dém. rad. ind. et apparentés 1 31 4 2 111 Radicaux, rad soo. et 'apparentés 97 8 2 4 î&amp;Union 'sob, et républ. 27 2 28 Gaûohé ind.et appar. 24 3 1 149 SbCSXI.O. et appar. 149 72,, Communistes, b 72 t-&gt; 4' -Isolési. -1 1 2 615V -3T5" "2T5TT IV Ont voté contre 1-2 indépendants républicains MM. Fernand Laurent,' Harcourt t&lt;luc d'), Kérillis (de),'Lyrot (de), Mandel {Gefl.rges),-Moncelle, Niel, Pellé, Pinelli, Rochereau, Soapini, TfBarnégaray. li indépendants d'action populaire MM. Elaesser, Puohs, Gullungi Harter, Hartmann, Meck, Peter, Rossé, Seltz' (Thomas), Sturmel, Walter (Michel). 47 Fédération républicaine de France MM. Aillières (d'), Aramon (Bertrand d') Bardoul (Emerand), Bastide( Joseph), Becquart, Bernez, Blaisot, Bousquet, Boux de Casson,'Burgeot, Coral (de), Cousin, Crouan, Daher, Denais (Joseph), Duboys-Fresney, Fçédério Du-, pont, Duval (Alexandre), Framond (de), Grat, Henriot, Inizan, Des Isnards, La Groudière (de), Lardier (Emile), Le Poullen, Luart (du), Lucas, Macouin, Marin (Louis)", Martin (Français), Michel (Augustin), Monfaigu de), Oberkirch, Parmentier, PoitpurDuplessy, RoulleauxDugàge,v Saint-Just (François de), SatnWPern (de), Soulier' (Edouard), Suzannet, (de), Taittinger, Temple, Thibon, Valentin (François),, Vallat (Xavier), YalletterViallard. 313." dippdmntéi 'àv ̃ W ̃ MdèràWm-JfépvMieaînê MM. Baud, Blétrix, Boucher, Dommange, Juigné (marquis de),La FerronJRiys (marquis dé), Le "-Cour Grandmaison (Jean), Massé (Joseph), Montalembert (de), Montfort, Wiedmann-Goiran. Il démocrates. populaires MM. Duault, Goussu, Martel (Louis), Pezet, Pinault, Reille-Sou;lt, Saudubray, Sohùman (Robert), Simon (Paul), Trémintin; Vaur. 2 apparentés aux démocrates populaires MM. Delaunay, Desgranges. 34 républicains indépendants et d'action sociale et groupe agraire indépendant GROUPE DES RÉPUBLICAINS INDÉPENDANTS • ET D'ACTION SOCIALE MM; Audiffret-Pasquier (duo d'),. Claudet, Andrâ Cointreau, Devaud, Fauchon, Fouroault de Pavant, Gaillemin, Grandmaison (Robert de),. Héraud (Marcel), Hervé, Joly, Lohéac, Morane, Moustier. (marquis de), Nader, Pébeiïier, P«issel, Pitois, Plichon, Polignac (de), Polimaùn, Ponsard, Provost de la Fardinière, Quenette, Robbe, Sallès (Antoine), Sérot (Robert), Taudière, Tinguydu -Pouët (de) GROUPE AGRAIRE INDÉPENDANT MM, Antier, Beaudoin, Clermont-Tonnerre (de), Gènty, Mathé. 5 apparentés aux républicains indépendants MM. Barbot, Bret; (Georges), Cadic, Gillet (Pierre), Ihuel. 38 ÀlUMce.des républicains de gauche et des radicaux indépendants}: MM. Baaquet, Baréty (Léon), Bazin, André Beouguitte,:Béranger (Pierre), Bonnevay, BoulesoTiid (Oharles), Brïïle, -Bureau (Georges), Buyat, Creyesel,Denis, Dlegbach (de), Pierre Dignac, Gu^taye Doussaiïn, -Dpùuot, Duohesne-Fournet, Dupont (Alphonse), Fould, Gaurand, Girault, Jacquinot, Lachal, La MyreMory-fds), Lani.eU Le Pévedio, Lestapis (de), Magpan, Moreau, ̃1^flFileâ}4.TPjadjes ,CPi§FCÇ)i • PJàtri,c fieyPâUtt; (Paul), RoôpaT^tra^eif.iïtallîa-tLott^c^iiliw, (».a,«i)»&lt; TiX&lt;er-~ignanoourt, Vipeent (Adolphe), Wal1acj:l; i Apparenté à* l'Alliance' dés républicains de gauche: M. Gapiaad, ̃•. ̃ ̃ 28 Gauchedémocratique et radicale indépendante:MM. Aveline, Bataille, Baudoin-Bugnet, Colomb (Pierre), Coquillaud, Dariao (Adrien), Delzangles, Desbone, DesChan«l, Duboso (Albert)-, Enjalbert, Gallot, Gaston-Gérard, Gellie, Leveeque, Mallarmé, Marescaux, Masteau, Mazerand, Montigny (Jean), Naohon, Peugeot, Saurin, Talandier, Tranctiand, Tristan, Burrus, Chaulin-Servinlères. ̃ 3 Apparentés à la Gauche démocratique: MM. BaU' dry, René Bosse, Gerente. 8 radicaux) socialistes MM. Albertini, Badié, Briquet, Courtehaux, Pécherot, Potut. MM. Aubert et Pinay (apparentés.) 3. Gauche indépendante et apparentés MM. Delom-.Sorbé, MeiidWnidoû et Blanchoin. 1 isolé M, Elmtnger. N'ont pas pris part au vote i Fédération républicaine et apparentés M. Guérin. 2 Alliance des républicains. '&amp;e gauche MM. Pierre Dupuy et Lecacheux. 4 Gauche démocratique MM. Candace, Morlnaud, Petsôhe et de Beaumont (apparenté.) 2 Union socialiste et républicaine MM. Auguste Brunet et de'Monzle. l 'isolé !:• M. Jean Hennessy. Et MM, Herrlot et Duoosqui présidaient la séance. Absents par congé 1." républicain, indépendant et a'action sociale. M, Cautru.̃̃ 3 Alliance des républicains de. gau6he. MM. Blanc, de Champeaux et Flandin. 2 Gauche dérnocratigue .{;. MM. Escarteûguei et bùérnier (apparenté.) ̃ :̃ ̃̃̃̃̃. • i radicaux socialistes. MM. Bonnet, Castel, Elbel, Malvy. 1 Gauche indépendante M. Fernand Boujsson (apparenté.) ̃ isolés i: MM. Frossard et Médecin. Tous les autres députés ont voté pour. Néron hésitant entre le bien et le mal et que la vertu de Burrhus trouble encore. Dans le ton que M. Marcovici a pris, il serait impossible de soutenir le rôle. C'est le contraire même du caractère. Comment n'y a-t-il eu, au Conservatoire, personne pour persuader cet acteur, d'ailleurs si bien doué, de ne pas jouer en roi sauvage, et pour l'avertir que la tragédie de Racine n'était pas un tam-tam d'anthropophages t? C'est sur la figure propre à donner à chaque rôle que les professeurs peuvent le plus utilement conseiller les élèves, et c'est justement ce qu'ils font le moins. M. Eymond a concouru dans le personnage de Pyrrhus il a été chaleureux, sincère, intelligent. Mais aucun trait ne marquait qu'il fût cet impétueux, ce terrible Néoptolème. On:ne dira jamais assez que toute la littérature classique est fondée sur cette différence entre les .caractères et sur leur analyse. Nous aurions aujourd'hui tendance à trouver' que les anciens et leurs disciples du XVIII* siècle ont exagéré sur ce point, et que l'homme n'est pas aussi constant, ni aussi fortement déterminé qu'ils l'ont pensé. Comment excuser ijn acteur qui effâceprécisément ce que l'àuteui atènu pour essentiel? '̃̃«-. ̃̃ •̃&gt; :u k Naturellement les rôles les plus chargés de nuances ont été -les plus mal joués. NouS; avons,1 entendu trois Aloestes dont aucun n'était bon. Par' quel maléfice, les élèves rendent;ils si ̃monotone ce rôle qui. toujours en porte à faux, ichànge d'éclairage de minute en minute? Ils en font un grincheux yéhément, qui pousse la. réplique, un déclamateur insupportable. Comment cet homme-là serait-il aimé de trois femmes? La vérité, c'est que le pauvre Alceste est rongé de soucis. Il a ceux de son procès il a ceux de son amour il est mis en danger par cet horrible libelle plein de calomnies. Il a beau prendre sur lui, il n'en peut plus, et il éclate. Il est comique, justement par ces éclats sincè.rës.. Il est touchant de bonne foi, et c'est une autre façon d'être comique. Entre tous ces masques qui se dérobent, il est seul à visage découvert. Il reçoit les coups. Il perdra sa cause et sa maîtresse. Cependant il rêve de vivre dans un commerce honnête avec des gens loyaux^ Eskçe troD demande^ B^M JâSMÎêi, Ls'*S5ë.A. ~M doute, AT? SENST La situation en Algérie» Une conférence où ne furent admisKjue les parlementaires algériens ayant ad&amp;éré-ay^r-Qnt populaire a eu lieu vendredi sous la présidence du sous-secrétaire d'Etat, charge, des affaires algériennes, en présence de M. '£ë :Béàu? gouverneur général de l'Algérie. M. Roux-Freissineng a. fait, au,; sujet, de cet.to conférence, .lés déclarations suivantes Cette conférence a eu lieu, enréalité, .au. cours .d'uk déjeuner, sur l'invitation du sous-secrétaire d'Etat à l'intérieur chargé des affaires algériennes, qui remplaçait le ministre. En ont été exclus, comme moimême, tous ceux qui n'ont pas adhéré expressément à la politique du gouvernement actuel. La présence du gouverneur général lui donnait une. signification particulière. f. .Jusqu'à ce jour, le haut représentant .fte/ia France en Algérie avait .tenu à rester -.à •lkj'oart.'de tout mouvement politique. Ilestimait, :qu'ii devait, de par sa fonction, demeurer, au-dessus, et ,e_n dçaors.vda..tous les partis.. ''̃̃̃ ̃ y • .J;"f 'v; '̃ v' ?* Loi'squ'une réunion de oe-gehp'e avaitJiêu-, 'tous169parlementaires algériens y étaient conviés, quelle ^ûe fût .leur opinion; tous ayant a «ccur '.en. ce..cas-de taira abstraction totale'de cette -opinion pour Dte so -prépecuper que des grands intérêts de notre; colonie-, Mon étohnement .a été. d'Au.tant,' plus grand. que, daps des interventions pressantes .ces derniers temps auprès des; divers membres du .'gouv'ernemeijV.CÇt je gUis: sûr que mes collègues évfncés -ont' agi.fe niê.me),je n'ai jamais eu qu'un but, celui do calmer làsurexci-tation regrettable qui règne clièz nous 'dans tous les" esprits et d'éviter des erreurs..peut-êttâ.gEosses'; .'de oonséquenoes-, ̃ *̃̃̃ ;̃̃ • -rs'-`-~ MOUTILLEë 'DU JtOUR A l'Elysée Le président de la Répuliliqua reçu hièc après-midi M. Léon Blum&gt; président du conseil., Le départ de M; Albert Lebrun pour la Haute-Sayoie ̃• M. Albert Lebrun, président de la République, se rendant en Haute-Savoie, à quitté* hier soir Paris à -la gare. de Lyon .par train spécial à,' 22 heures. '"̃' • Le chef de l'Etat est ^çeom-pagné dans son voyage officiel par MM. ,CJiautemps,. ministre,. d'Etat; Dezarnaulds, soùs-stcrétaire-, d'Etat §. l'éducation physique: André Magre, secrétaire général civil de la présidence; de Fouquières,ministre plénipotentiaire, directeur -dû protocole; lé oolonel fioflasâieux; M, Magny, directeur général' de la Sûi'eté nationale. -&gt; -J :.&lt;&gt;:̃: .•&gt; .̃_ Sue de quai de la ga/ra*qui-tfcii.'d0Qôr4idé.'tapiS rouges. et de faisceaux de: drapeaux tricolores. ]e président de la République à été salue par'MM, Bedouce, ministre des travaux "publics; Franiçois de Tessan, sous-secrétairè d'Etat à la p.résidenca du conseil; Larigeron, préfet 'de. poli ce Mugniot, directeur général de la •Compagnie du P.-L.-M. le général Vary, commandant '̃'la.' 10° division de Paris, représentant le général Gouraud, gouverneur militaire de Paris. Le prochain conseil des ministres Le conseil des ministres sel'éun-ira.. mardi prochain, à dix heures, à l'Elysée, sous la Erésidç.nqQ de 'M. Albert Lebrun. •̃•.̃ Le président du conseil' -et -le 'ininistre des affaires ̃ étrangères feront un .exposé' -des .'délibéra-itions de Genève.. ù' •'o' -r :̃•: M. Edouard Herriot à Troyes ''I M. Edouard Herriot,' président. de la Chambre, arrivé hier à Troyes, a assisté, le soir; à un dîner intime au cours duquel son anniversaire -il est né à Troyes la 5 juillet 1872 a été fêté par ses amiâ. • Un recueil relié ayant trait à. sa na,iss,ânoe et aux années de sa jeunesse passées à Saint-, Pouange. été remis au président de la Chambre.1 Une journée nationale de la paix le 2 août ̃ ";̃/ Le comité français du rassemblement univerael poiHtv.la.ipaiXi eomjnfïuijiquje la note suivapte: ,?.o^ i4;.fe^?n.BlH;m, .pygsldeM, du,oq.nsejl,jisslgt^. Jd^ MM. François fie Tesean, sous^seçrét'alrç, il'tEtat à la présidenoe du oon's.eu et "'Pferfé Cot, 'nimistre" "de' J'air,' président du oomité français du, rassemblenient universel pour la paix, a reçu une délégation venue dc-&lt; mander au gouvernement l'autorisation d'organiser une « journée nationale de lai paix '• .&lt;̃ '"• Cette journée préparera .le. congrès du rassemble* ment universel pour la paix, qui se'tiendra au débuij du mois de septembre. ,̃̃.• La président du oonseil prendra la parole à la grande fête populaire de la paix, qui aura lieu dans la région parisienne le 2 août, date anniversaire du jour où Je monde a été entraîné, dans un cataclysme qu'il na vaut plus revojrj '̃ Une demande d'interpellation M. Henri de Kérillis, député de la Seine, vient de demander à interpeller le ministre de l'air sur l'ordre qu'il a donné de livrer au gouvernement des Soviets une tourelle dp' »jitra.illeuse Alcan et: surtout le canon d'avion type 43 tirant au moyeu de l'hélice, arme de guerre de.' premier ordre sans équivalent dans le monde, et que l'intérêt national oommandait de tenir secrète ». '̃ A IL'HOTEEi BE VILLE Une proposition de M. Levillain '•̃ M. Levillain a dépcsé hier, sur le bureau ̃ du Conseil municipal, le projet jfe: .délibération suivant ̃ ̃ ••. ̃' L'administration est invitée' à mettre à l'étude ta. possibilité de confier à des groupements d'artistes. fonctionnant sous la forme coopérative la, gestion des salles -de spectacle^ devenues. xâflanteS.' W f*4&amp;' .desTu. p.S. Je dois remettre à'îa semaine pro-" chaine la curieuse pièce de ïQBuvrë,, et une dér! licieuse représentation,, à Chartreg, .du JeM d'Adam et d?$vë, ̃̃-̃̃ • ̃-̃ *r~ ,v.#7 "0 1~ TST~ ~~TC?~ T~ /r L-J~ jLN i'T~Tj~'ir T~*ir'ir ER BVBHHBVB1.BBIHHBVIBVBI ̃̃̃̃ ̃̃̃̃̃̃̃̃̃I wêêêêêêê ^r ̃̃̃̃ ̃̃̃̃§ ̃^̃̃̃̃̃̃^ ̃̃̃̃̃ ̃̃̃̃̃̃ ̃^̃̃̃î ^b ̃̃̃̃̃ ̃̃̃̃PB ^B ^̃̃̃̃̃^ ̃̃̃i ̃̃̃̃H1HBB ̃̃̃̃̃ ^||^ ÇHRONiaOE Choses d'Amérique Le 30 juin dernier s'est terminée aux EtatsUnis, l'année financière 1935-1936. Pendant cet exercice, les dépenses publiques ont été de l'ordre de 8,800 .fnillions. de dollars. Elles ont été inférieures aux recettes. normales de près de 5 milliards de dollars, ou de 75 milliards de francs., 'tCléS; résultats diffèrent très sensiblement des estimations que le président Roosevelt avait données dans son message budgétaire du 6 jan• vîèr dernier. Il avait alors prévu que les dépenses ne s'élèveraient qu'à 7,645 millions, et qfue les' recettes atteindraient 4,411 millions, en sorte que l'insuffisance de celles-ci ne serait ressortie qu'à 3,334 millions. lie rnécompte, du côté des dépenses aussi bien que des recettes, est d'importance. D'après les. chiffres approximatifs que nous connaissons aujourd'hui, le déficitdépasse en effet de quelque i,7SO millions de dollars le montant auquel il avait été évalué il y a six mois k peine. Sans doute, invalidation de l'Agricultural rAdjustment Act a supprimé certaines ressources fiscales n^ négligeables, et le vote du « bonus » des "anciens combattants a agnotablement les charges du Trésor. De là il ne s-'ensuiV point, toutefois, que les évaluations se soient trouvées en défaut uniquement par suite de ces décisions de la Cour suprême et du Congrès. De l'autre côté de l'Atlantique tout comme en France, les. autorités responsables se:sont fait illusion quant à l'évolution des finances publiques. Et, pour se rendre compté combien les espérances étaient loin de la réalité telle qu'elle apparaît aujourd'hui, il suffit de se .rappeler qu'au début de l'année 1934 M. Roosevelt avait affirmé que le budget fédéral pourrait être équilibré dans la troisième année du redressement, c'est-à-dire préciser ment en 1935-1936. Au lieu de l'équilibre rétabli, c'est un déficit battant tous les records antérieur (abstraction faite, bien entendu, des années de guerre) qui nous est aujourd'hui révélé. En même temps la. dette publique fédérale' s'établit à' 33 milliards 750 millions de dollars et atteint ainsi je niveau. le plus élevé qui ait jamais été enregistré. '̃• ̃:ï" ̃̃. W •̃'̃̃. De telles constatations semblent â première vue singulièrement alarmantes'. Cependant il faut tenir compte, quand il s'agit des EtatsUnis, de l'importance de leur population, de l'immensité de leurs ressources, de l'intensité de leur activité économique. Certes, l'augmentation de plus de 14 milliards de dollars que la dette fédérale a subie depuis le 1" juillet 1932 est considérable, même pour l'Amérique. Mais le volume de cette dette était il y, a quatre ans relativement faible il ne r,eprésentait alors que 19 milliards 1/2 de dollars et aujoui'd'hui encore une dette de près de34 milliards de dollars ou de plus de 500 milliards de francs resteinfinimeat moins lourde pour les Etats-Unis que ne l'est pour la France celle de,350 milliards qui pèse sur nos finances. Il semble, en revanche, que l'endettement des Etats soit proportionnellement plus important en Amérique que celui des collectivités publiques locales en France. ̃ Au reste, le secrétaire du Trésor, M. Morgenthau, s'est appliqué à démontrer que le gonflement du passif de l'Etat était compensé à concurrence d'environ 8 milliards ï!'i de dollars par un accroissement des actifs. Depuis le commencement de l'expérience Roosevelt, l'encaisse du Trésor a, eu effet, augmenté de 2. milliards 1/2 de dollars; 2 milliards ont, d'autre part, été versés au fonds de régularisation des changes, et, en outre, divers organismes d'Etat,' tels que notamment la Reconstruction Finance Corporation, détiennent un ensemble de créances de plus de 4 milliards sur les nombreuses entreprises auxquelles ils ont consenti des avances. A dire vrai, si la valeur des actifs liquides' encaisse et fonds d'égalisation n'est guère, contestable, l'expérience conseille, en revanche, de considérer comme très aléatoires les possibilités de recouvrement des crédits accordés à des banques, à des établissements industriels et à d'autres entreprises en difficulté. Quoi qu'il en soit, après une période de plus 'de trois ans où l'Etat a dépensé sans compter, où le déséquilibre financier a presque été érigé en système, il n'apparaît. pas. que l'avenir des finances publiques soit gravement compromis. 11 y a peu de mois, on s'en souvient, une émission de valeurs" fédéralesportant sur un total de 1,250 millions de dollars, soit 19 milliards de francs en nombre rond, obtint un succès éclatant malgré des taux d'intérêt plus que modiques 1 1/2 0/0 et 2 3/4 0/0 selon la durée des obligations les souscriptions dépassèrent en quelques heures le quintuple du montant demandé. De tels résultats alors même qu'ils. sont dus dans une large mesure à une politique bancaire comportant de sérieux risques d'immobilisatiion attestent une situation financière "enepre solide. Aussi bien, l'Etat américain disposait, lors de l'avènement de l'administration démocrate, d'une marge de crédit appréciable, parce que la limite des facultés contributives de la nation était loin de se trouver atteinte. Or et ceci est essentiel cette double, marge a été dès l'abord accrue, dans une proportion considérable, par la. dévaluation du dollar. .C'est ce qu'il ne faut jamais perdre de vue C'est ce qu'il ne. faut lamais perdre de vu lorsque l'on raisonne sur la politique de M: Roo_sevelt ou qu'on se propose de la prendre pour exemple. Cette politique a été possible en Amérique parce que les autorités y bénéficiaient sur le terrain financier d'une liberté dd manoeuvre que l'excès des charges fiscales ;a depuis longtemps réduite à néant dans la plupart des pays européens, et particulièrement on France. Encore est-il hors de doute qu'en 'Amérique même l'expérience n'eût pu se dérouler sans accident si la monnaie n'avait, au préalable, :subi une dépréciation massive. Dépréciation qui aura été, en définitive, la rançon anticipée d'une gestion financière volontairement aventureuse. "Si, grâce aux possibilités "exceptionnelles 'égs Çtats-Unis et surtout à la dévaluaiioa du dollar, une politique systématique de dépenses, voire de pro4igalité, a pu être pratiquée pendant plusieurs années sans ébranler la solidité des finances et du crédit publics, cela ne vçut évidemment pas dire que la même politique puisse être indéfiniment poursuivie sans qu'il en résulte* de dommages graves.Ce p'est pas seulement 'un promptretour à desmëthodjés plus saines qui apparaît indispensable. Il importerait, de plus, que fussent reconnues et évitées à l'avenir les erreurs qui conduisirent' les Etats-Unis à une débâcle économique sans précédent. Or, à en juger par le discours •électoral que le ..président Roosevelt prononça il y a quelques jours à Philadelphie, il ne Jàëinble pas que la leçon des événements 'soit »rès d'ê.y'e pomprise. Ce discours ne,fut en effet autre chose qu'un réquisitoire contre, les « despotes » de l'industrie et de la finance, dont l'égoïsme serait la source de tous les maux supportés par le peuple. Le thème est connu. Il fut également le feUmotiv de la campagne électorale du Front populaire en France. 4s choses sont, en vérité, moins simples. Certes, pous n'assimilerons pas la thèse de il. Roosevelt à la légende ridicule des 200 familles l'excès de la concentration et du machinisme qui caractérise l'industrie américaine •5 'efEe.c!àv«m.e.ni aggeavé, outre-Atlajiiique Jes phénomènes de la crise, d'abord parce que les risques d'erreur dans l'orientation des productions deviennent, plus redoutables quand les entreprises se développent démesurément et que leurs dirigeants cessent d'être en contact direct avec la réalité des marchés, ensuite parce que l'extension rapide du machinisme est une cause d'augmentation du chômage. Mais ce qui est grave, c'est qu'on se flatte de remetdier à ces maux par l'intervention de l'Etat, alors que celle-ci est directement responsable de la situation existante et que de surcroît l'Etat, planant au-dessus de la, mêlée commerciale dans laquelle s'acquiert l'expérience des affaires, est exposé, lorsqu'il: prétend « diriger ». l'économie, à commettre des erreurs autrement graves que celles dont les chefs des grandes administrations privées ont pu se rendre responsables. N'est-ce pas l'excès d'un protectionnisme visant à empêcher toute concurrence extérieure, c'est-à-dire l'Etat, qui a favorisé la concentration exagérée dans l'industrie et la création de véritables monopoles privés ? Et si le machinisme s'est développé trop vite, n'est-ce pas parce que, sous la pression directe ou indirecte des autorités politiques, les salaires ont été portés et maintenus, en Amérique, à des niveaux tels que les chefs d'entreprises avaient intérêt à chercher dans l'emploi des machines nom plus seulement le progrès technique, mais une économie croissante de main-d'œuvre? Le président Roosevelt déclare que l'effondrement de 1929 a fait éclater les responsabilités du despotisme économique. Oublie-t-il donc les responsabilités écrasantes de l'Etat? En soutenant artificiellement les prix du blé et du coton, l'Etat encouragea une formidable surproduction agricole. En incitant les établissements financiers à pratiquer une inflation démesurée du crédit, il empêcha l'économie, sous prétexte de lui apporter des facilités, de se réadapter aux' besoins et aux nécessités du temps de paix; il la poussa à produire n'im-. porte quoi, en n'importe quelles quantités et à n'importe quels prix. Là sont les véritables rair sons du « collapse » de 1929. NOTES ET STATISTIQUES Notre commerce avec les principaux pays pendant les 5 premiers mois de 1935 et de 1936 On sait (Temps du 19 juin) que le commerce de la France avec l'étranger et ses colonies pendant le mois da mai 1936 a été caractérisé par un fléchissement, comparativement au mois précédent, des entrées comme des sorties, celles-là ayant diminué plus que celles-cil. Le montant de nos ventes s'est, en effet, abaissé en mai dernier à 1,170 -millions contre 1,195enavril, 1,242; 1/2 en marsri,231 en février, 1,205 1/4 en janvier, 1,384 1/2 enl décembre 1935, 1,421 1/4 en novembre, 1,353 en octobre, 1,180 1/2 en septembre, 1,174 en août, 1,158 1,/2 en juillet, niveau le plus bas qu'on eût encore connu, 1,235 1/2 ent juin, 1,267 1/2 en mai 1935. De même, le montant de nos achats s'est abaissé en, mai dernier à 1,967 millions, contre 2,126 en avril, 1,954 en mars, 2,049 en février, 2,025 3/4 en janvier, 1,933 1/2 en décembre 1935, 1,736 1/2 en novembre, 1,723 1/2 en octobre, 1,508, qui est le record de baisse, en septembre, 1,697 en août, 1,742 en juillet, 1,676 1/2 en juin, 1,811 en mai 1935.. La valeur globale en mai dernier des entrées et des sorties réunies atteint en conséquence 3,137 millions contre 3,321 en avril, 3,196 1/2 en mars, 2,080 en février, 3,231 en janvier, 3,218 en décembre 1935, 3,157 1/2 en novembre, 3,076 1/2 en octobre, 2,688 1/2 en septembre (record de baisse), 2,871 1/2 en août, 2,900 1/2 en juillet, 2,912 en juin, 3,078 en mai 1935. Mais pour que la compararison aye&gt;c les chiffres de mai 1935 soit exacte, il faut tenlir compte d'un facteur exceptionnel, l'influence 'des sanctions contre 'ritalïè qui s'est traduite, en mai 1936, par une régression de 29 millions 1/2 du montant des entrées, de 37 millions. 1/2 du montant des sorties, et par conséquent de 67 millions du total de nos échanges commerciaux. La balance commerciale pour les cinq premiers mois de chacune des années 1934, 1935 et 1936 se présente ainsi (en milliers de francs): 1934 1935 1936 Importations. 10.647.245 8.918.166 10.121.121. Exportations. 7.366.167 6.665.151 6.041.311 Excédent d'inip.. 3.281.078 2.253.015 4.079.816 Commerce total 18.013.412 15.583.317 16.162.438 Dans les cinq premiers mois, de 1935 à 1936, la valeur de nos importations a augmenté de 1,203 millions de francs, et celle de nos exportations a baissé de 624 millions. Le relèvement global du montant de nos échanges extérieurs dans les 5 premiers mois atteint d'une année à l'autre 579 millions. Mais ici encore il faut tenir compte, dans la comparaison, de la régression exceptionnelle en 1936 du commerce franco-italien qui a diminué, dans les 5 premiers mois, de 323 millions, dont 159 pour nos ventes et 164 pour nos achats. Quant à la balance commerciale, elle a été déficitaire de 4,080 millions dans les 5 premiers mois de, 1936 contre 2,253 dans.les 5 premiers mois de 1935 et 3,281 millions pendant la période correspondante de 1934. Le tableau suivant indique là valeur (en milliers de francs), pour les 5 premiers mois de 1936, de nos importations et de nos exportations (y compris le transit pour les Etats limitrophes de la France, notamment l'Union belgo-luxembourgeoise) avec les principaux pays étrangers, colonies et protectorats ''̃ Importât. Exporta*. pays en France de France Allemagne 688,306 227. 6S0 Argentine .&gt;iasj »..&gt;i 261 148 145 185 Australie,, .i». •m. 354.322 19.318 Autriche .sm.vv-m. 48.322 40.786 Brésil .sa.f.. "jBj.m, 139.757 49.041 Bulgarie .&gt;BB.&gt; 4.412 5.353 Canada .sm.»sj. •« 152.905 32.898 Chine me*» .csa..« 93.621 36.4'52 Danemark .aïs.) 18.135 26. 1D6 Egypte ,6ifl.aM.M 160 .623 53 380 Espagne ts.j.j.iaa.292.851 166.935 Esthonie .$&amp; 8.746 2.830 Etats-Uni? 'ai.aia.&gt; 1.04'2.999 326.905 Ifiniande • sis.t:. -aa-: 51.523 18.988 Grande-Bretagne ,a.i 669.930 756.749 Grèce .M.aaa. 19.071 12.061 Hongrie &lt; ,j 23.163 6.470 Indee anglaises .(sm. 305.322 27.573 Indes néerlandaises .as., 62.823 12.287 Irlande ••aaas. 1 .371 11 179 Italie. .Bi-j.««., 15.835 53.573 Japon.. r.jsci.SCW3 68.281 30.086 Lettonie 4.308 3.636 Lithuanie ..&gt; 15.384 8.861 Malaisie britannique 119.354 6.649 Maroo espag.et îles Canaries 40.160 20.079 Norvège ..&gt;.••;£. •[£•;•: 64.218 37.006 Pays-Bas -ea •••••; 198.464 171.652 Pologne .w.jaa..ics.) 83.101 56.215 Portugal. Ha.-». 43.250 37.012 Roumanie .x. -a»! •̃ .la-j-i 64.527 18.952 Suède. aa. j' 125.973 76.001 Suisse .&gt;•ïii!MH-i.j« 228.140 ;J8.1.1Û3 Tchécoslovaquie. 85.113 3 101.205 Turquie.i 1.6.604 15.070 Union écon. belgo-luxemb. « 638. 0J3 699.751 U. R. S. S. 176.014 67.631 Union Sud-Africaine 142.950. 16.014 Yougoslavie. •-•ajeai 19.S63 31.785 Autres pays étrangers .i SO2.445 210.888 Totaux des pays étrangers 7.351.253 4.021.535 Afrique-Occident, française. 446.749 145.339 Algérie .a. 1.097.863 1.028.568 Indochine française 317.264 181.284 Madagascar et dépendances.; 108.196 83.327 Maroo t.j 200 .556 157.427 Syrie (mandat français) 17.310 34.948 Tunisie -et wt. 241.933 234.867 Autres colon, et proteetor.v 340.003 154.016 Totaux des colonies, protec'̃̃ torats et mandats 2.769.874 2.019.776 Totaux généraux 10. 121 127 6.041.311 Les pays à qui nous avons acheté le plus pendant les cinq premiers mois de 1936 se classent dans l'ordre suivant Algérie (1,098 millions), Etats-Unis (1,043), Allemagne (688 1/2), GrandeBretagne (670), Union belgo-luxembourgeoise, y compris le trassit (638)! Afrjque-Occid,entale, Que les autorités commencent donc par faire amende honorable. Tout le monde félicitera le président Roosevelt de vouloir protéger les travailleurs et les petites entreprises contre la misère et la ruine. Encore faudra-t-il que cette protection ne n'exerce point à. rebours. Dans le fond, la débâcle économique aura été surtout la faillite de l'étatisme, dont les fautes, particulièrement lourdes en Amérique, sont cause que le capitalisme lui-même a été dirigé -vers des voies dangereuses. Raisonnablement, logiquement, le remède ne peut être cherché dans le renforcement d'un système qui a donné, tant de mécomptes. II ne peut l'être que dans un retour progressif vers la liberté, dût ce retour apparaître au début pénible et difficile. Le président Roosevelt, dans le. discours par lequel il a inauguré sa campagne., électorale, ne montre point au pays cette vérité essentielle. Il se borne à proclamerqu'il est prêt à « s'enrôler pour la guerre qui sauvera la démocratie ». Et c'est le chef de son ancien « brain trust », le.professëur-Motley, naguère étatiste et novateur passionné, qui luirépond, que le peuple, est las des guerres quelles 'qu'elles soient, que l'opinion évolue dansle sens d'une sage modération, et qu'elle en est arrivée à se convaincre que tout dans le passé n'était pas' aussi mauvais qu'on a bien voulu le lui dire. On'souhaiterait que M. Roosevelt mît à profit cette tendance à l'apaisement pour aider l'Amérique à retrouver la, vraie route de la prospérité, et pour la montrer aux autres gouvernements. S'il, choisit la voie opposée: s'il s'éloigne davantage de la 'vérité économique et qu'il aggrave la mainmise de l'Etat sur les activités libres, comme son discours de Philadelphie le laisse supposer; s'il continue de donner aux gouvernements européens un mauvais exemple d'autant plus dangereux qu'ils ne mesurent pas toujours la différence entre les possibilités dés Etats-Unis et celles des pays qu'ils dirigent, l'économie américaine ne pourra qu'en pâtir, et le reste du monde avec elle. Frédéric Jenny. française (447), Australie (354 1/2), Indochine (317 1/4), Indes anglaises (305 1/2), Espagne (293), Argentine (261), Tunisie (242), Suisse (228), Pays-Bas (198 1/2), Uji.S.S. (170).. Ceux à qui: nous avons vendu le plus dans ces cinq mois sont,: Algérie (1,028 millions 1/2)), Grande-Bretagne (757), Union belgo-luxemboùrgeois© (700), Suisse (381), Etats-Unis (327), Tunisie (235), Allemagne (227), Indochine (181), PaysBas (171 1/2), Espagne (167). Comparaison de 1936 avec 1935 Si l'on compare le montant de nos échanges dans les principaux pays pendant les cinq premiers mois des années 1936 et 1935, on observe que, d'une année à l'autre, nos achats ont augmenté aussi bien dans l'ensemble des pays étrangers (+606,703,000 francs) que dans l'ensemble de nos colonies et protectorats (+596,258,000 francs); au total en nombre rond +1,203 millions. Au contraire, nos ventes ont fléchi de 649,631,000 francs dans les pays étrangers, alors qu'elles augmentaient de 257,910,000 francs dans nos colonies et protectorats; au' total une diminution do 624 millions.. Nos achats ont progressé pendant les. cinq premiers mois de 1936 par rapport à la. période correspondante de 1935 notamment dans lès pays suivants Etats-Unis (+321 millions 1/2), Algérie (+178), Argentine (+100), Egypte (+39), Espagne (+77), Indes anglaises (+32), Pologne (+16), Suède (+15 1/2), Suisse (+21), Union belgoluxembourgeoise (+ 69), U.R.S.S: (+21), Union sud-africaine (+36), Afrique-Ocdidentale française* (+iO2 1/2),Indochine 4+76:1/2); Marbxî-(+43 1/2), Madagascar (+25 1/2), Tunisie. (+94 1/2). Ils ont diminué surtout danls les pays que voici: Italie (–163 millions 1/2, tombant de 179,233;000 francs en 1935 15,835,000 francs en 1936), Allemagne ( 85), Indes néerlandaises (–66), Japon (–22), Pays-Bas (-34), Roumanie (11 1/2). On remarquera que l'augmentation des importations en France 'des colonies, protectorats et pays sous mandat est générale. Nosventes ont augmenté d'une façon sensible pendant les cinq premiers mois de 1936, comparativement à la période correspondanite de 1935, dans les quelques, pays suivants Argentine ( + 17 millions 1/2), Etats-Unis, (+58), Grande-Bretagne ( + 93 1/2) Tchécoslovaquie ( +25) Afrique occidentale (+45), Indochine (+7 1/4), Tunisie (+9), Madagascar (+3). Elles ont fléchi, notamment eu Allemagne (–455 millions 1/2, tombant de 683,207,000 francs en 1935 à 227,690,000 francs en 1936), Danemark (-62 1/2), Italie (–159, tombant de 212 millions 309,000 francs en 1935 à 53,573,000 francs en 1936), Japon (-12), Roumanie (-40 1/2); Suisse (-65), Union belgo-luxémbourgeoise ( 32), Algérie.(–29 1/2), Maroc (–20). Balance commerciale Les pays avec qui notre balance pendant les cinq premiers mois de 1936 a été positive, c'ést-à-dire comporte un excédent d'exportations françaises, sont peu nombreux. Citons entre autres Danemark (+8 millions), Grande-Bretagne (+87), Irlande (+10), Italie (+38), Suisse (+153), Union belgo-luxembourgeoise (+62), Yougoslavie (+13), Maroc (+18, Syrie ( + 17), Tchécoslovaquie ( + 16) Au contraire, notre balance a été négative dans la grande majorité des pays étrangers comme dès colonies. Citons particulièrement Allemagne (–461 millions), Australie (–335), Brésil (–91), Canada (–120), Chine, Egypte, Espagne (–126), Etats-Unis ( 716), Hongrie, Indes anglaises, Japon, Norvège, Pays-Bas, Pologne, Roumanie, Suède, U.R. S. S. (–109),' Union sud-africaine, Afrique occidentale (-300), Algérie (–69), Indochine (–136), Madagascar (–25), Tunisie (-7). Le chômage en juin 1936 Chômage total Le Temps a fait connaître la situation officielle du chômage complet à la date du 27 juin 193G, dernier samedi' du 6° mois de l'année en cours. Le nombre des chômeurs, en chômage total, inscrits tant au fonds de chômage qu'aux Bureaux de bienfaisance, était,, à cette date, de 419,887. Ce chiffre représente, pour l'ensemble des quatre semaines écoulées depuis le' 30 mai 1936, une diminution de 3,149 unités seulement.

2022/62021CO0777_INF/62021CO0777_INF_HR.txt_1

Eurlex

Open Government

CC-By

None

None

Croatian

Spoken

62021CO0777_INF  Rješenje Suda (osmo vijeće) od 19. listopada 2022. – Comune di Portici (predmet C-777/21) ( 1 ) „Zahtjev za prethodnu odluku – Članak 99. Poslovnika Suda – Članak 49. UFEU-a – Sloboda poslovnog nastana – Članak 56. UFEU-a – Slobodno pružanje usluga – Cestovni promet – Registracija i oporezivanje motornih vozila – Vozilo registrirano u državi članici – Vozač koji boravi u državi članici u kojoj je vozilo registrirano i u drugoj državi članici – Propis države članice koji zabranjuje osobama koje borave na njezinom području dulje od 60 dana da prometuju u toj državi članici vozilom registriranim u inozemstvu” Slobodno kretanje osoba – Sloboda poslovnog nastana – Ograničenja – Nacionalni propis koji samozaposlenoj osobi koja boravi u državi članici više od 60 dana zabranjuje da u njoj prometuje vozilom registriranim u drugoj državi članici – Vozilo koje nije namijenjeno da se u biti upotrebljava u prvoj državi članici ni da se stvarno upotrebljava na taj način – Nedopuštenost – Opravdanje – Nepostojanje (čl. 49. UFEU-a) (t. 16.-19., 22., 23., 25.-31. i izreka) Izreka Članak 49. UFEU-a treba tumačiti na način da mu se protivi nacionalni propis koji samozaposlenoj osobi koja boravi u državi članici dulje od 60 dana zabranjuje da u toj državi članici prometuje vozilom koje je registrirano u drugoj državi članici kada vozilo nije namijenjeno da se prije svega trajno koristi u prvoj državi članici niti se stvarno koristi na taj način. ( 1 ) SL C 148, 4.4.2022.

https://github.com/ihmcrobotics/ihmc-open-robotics-software/blob/master/ihmc-robotics-toolkit/src/main/java/us/ihmc/robotics/math/trajectories/trajectorypoints/interfaces/FrameEuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

ihmc-open-robotics-software

ihmcrobotics

Java

Code

package us.ihmc.robotics.math.trajectories.trajectorypoints.interfaces; import us.ihmc.euclid.referenceFrame.ReferenceFrame; import us.ihmc.euclid.referenceFrame.interfaces.FramePoint3DReadOnly; import us.ihmc.euclid.referenceFrame.interfaces.FrameVector3DReadOnly; import us.ihmc.euclid.tools.EuclidCoreTools; import us.ihmc.euclid.tuple3D.interfaces.Point3DReadOnly; import us.ihmc.euclid.tuple3D.interfaces.Vector3DReadOnly; import us.ihmc.robotics.math.trajectories.waypoints.interfaces.EuclideanWaypointBasics; import us.ihmc.robotics.math.trajectories.waypoints.interfaces.FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics; public interface FrameEuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics extends EuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics, FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics { default void set(double time, FramePoint3DReadOnly position, FrameVector3DReadOnly linearVelocity) { setTime(time); set(position, linearVelocity); } default void set(double time, FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics waypoint) { setTime(time); set(waypoint); } default void setIncludingFrame(double time, FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics waypoint) { setTime(time); setIncludingFrame(waypoint); } default void setIncludingFrame(double time, FramePoint3DReadOnly position, FrameVector3DReadOnly linearVelocity) { setTime(time); setIncludingFrame(position, linearVelocity); } default void setIncludingFrame(ReferenceFrame referenceFrame, double time, Point3DReadOnly position, Vector3DReadOnly linearVelocity) { setTime(time); setIncludingFrame(referenceFrame, position, linearVelocity); } default void setIncludingFrame(ReferenceFrame referenceFrame, EuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics trajectoryPoint) { setTime(trajectoryPoint.getTime()); FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics.super.setIncludingFrame(referenceFrame, trajectoryPoint); } default void setIncludingFrame(ReferenceFrame referenceFrame, double time, EuclideanWaypointBasics waypoint) { setTime(time); setIncludingFrame(referenceFrame, waypoint); } default void setIncludingFrame(FrameEuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics other) { setTime(other.getTime()); FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics.super.setIncludingFrame(other); } default void set(FrameEuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics other) { setTime(other.getTime()); FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics.super.set(other); } default void getIncludingFrame(FrameEuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics otherToPack) { otherToPack.setIncludingFrame(this); } default void get(FrameEuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics otherToPack) { otherToPack.set(this); } default boolean epsilonEquals(FrameEuclideanTrajectoryPointBasics other, double epsilon) { boolean timeEquals = EuclidCoreTools.epsilonEquals(getTime(), other.getTime(), epsilon); return timeEquals && FrameEuclideanWaypointBasics.super.epsilonEquals(other, epsilon); } }

https://github.com/GameDeveloperS001/Unity-EmojiText/blob/master/TextInlineSpritePro/Assets/UIWidgets/Editor/EasyLayoutEditor.cs

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

Unity-EmojiText

GameDeveloperS001

C#

Code

using UnityEngine; using System.Collections.Generic; using System; using UnityEditor; namespace EasyLayout { [CustomEditor(typeof(EasyLayout), true)] [CanEditMultipleObjects] public class EasyLayoutEditor : Editor { Dictionary<string,SerializedProperty> sProperties = new Dictionary<string,SerializedProperty>(); string[] properties = new string[]{ "GroupPosition", "Stacking", "LayoutType", "RowAlign", "InnerAlign", "CellAlign", "Spacing", "Symmetric", "Margin", "MarginTop", "MarginBottom", "MarginLeft", "MarginRight", "TopToBottom", "RightToLeft", "SkipInactive", /* "ControlWidth", "MaxWidth", "ControlHeight", "MaxHeight", */ "ChildrenWidth", "ChildrenHeight", }; bool AutoUpdate = true; protected virtual void OnEnable() { Array.ForEach(targets, x => ((EasyLayout)x).Upgrade()); sProperties.Clear(); Array.ForEach(properties, x => sProperties.Add(x, serializedObject.FindProperty(x))); } public override void OnInspectorGUI() { serializedObject.Update(); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["GroupPosition"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["Stacking"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["LayoutType"], true); EditorGUI.indentLevel++; if (sProperties["LayoutType"].enumValueIndex==0) { EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["RowAlign"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["InnerAlign"], true); } if (sProperties["LayoutType"].enumValueIndex==1) { EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["CellAlign"], true); } EditorGUI.indentLevel--; EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["Spacing"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["Symmetric"], true); if (sProperties["Symmetric"].boolValue) { EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["Margin"], true); } else { EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["MarginTop"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["MarginBottom"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["MarginLeft"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["MarginRight"], true); } EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["SkipInactive"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["RightToLeft"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["TopToBottom"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["ChildrenWidth"], true); EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["ChildrenHeight"], true); /* EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["ControlWidth"], true); if (sProperties["ControlWidth"].boolValue) { EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["MaxWidth"], true); } EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["ControlHeight"], true); if (sProperties["ControlHeight"].boolValue) { EditorGUILayout.PropertyField(sProperties["MaxHeight"], true); } */ if (targets.Length==1) { var script = (EasyLayout)target; EditorGUILayout.LabelField("Block size", string.Format("{0}x{1}", script.BlockSize.x, script.BlockSize.y)); EditorGUILayout.LabelField("UI size", string.Format("{0}x{1}", script.UISize.x, script.UISize.y)); } serializedObject.ApplyModifiedProperties(); if (AutoUpdate) { UpdateLayout(); } else { if (GUILayout.Button("Apply")) { UpdateLayout(); } } } void UpdateLayout() { Array.ForEach(targets, x => ((EasyLayout)x).UpdateLayout()); } } }

US-201414456710-A_2

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

In some embodiments, a proof mass is added to extension 122 to separateits resonant frequency from that of cantilever 104 as a whole. It shouldbe noted, however, that, in such embodiments, temperature effects arenot compensated completely. This is due to the fact that the thermalload is different between the strain sensors connected to extension 122because the thermal capacitance of the proof mass loads only thepiezoresistors of strain sensors 708-1 and 708-2. In addition, ascantilever 104 resonates, a forced-convection effect on sensor 120 isunbalanced because strain sensors 708-1 and 708-2 deflect farther thanstrain sensors 708-3 and 708-4 due to the arcuate path of verticalactuator 118. As a result, the piezoresistors 710 included in strainsensors 708-1 and 708-2 experience more cooling than the piezoresistorsincluded in strain sensors 708-3 and 708-4. It should be noted that, when the piezoresistor of a strain sensor 708is close to surface 124, heat transfer can occur between the surface andthe piezoresistor through the intervening environment. Becausecantilever 104 is typically oriented at an angle to surface 124 when SPM100 is engaged with, or approaching, the surface, strain sensors 708-1and 708-2 are closer to surface 124 than strain sensors 708-3 and 708-4.As a result, more heat transfer occurs between the surface and strainsensors 708-1 and 708-2 than between the surface and strain sensors708-3 and 708-4. This gives rise to a differential signal that isindicative of the separation between probe tip 106 and surface 124. In some embodiments, this differential signal is measured and exploitedto improve the control and speed with which SPM 100 can be brought intoengagement with a sample surface. This capability represents asignificant advantage over prior-art SPM systems, which typically employa “hunt-and-seek” method for bringing a probe tip into its measurementposition. An exemplary approach for bringing SPM 100 into engagement with sample112 includes: - - i. moving sample 112 (or at least one of sample 112 and SPM 100) at a first rate to reduce the separation between surface 124 and probe tip 106; - ii. measuring a first output signal based on the resistance of strain sensors 708-1 and 708-2; - iii. measuring a second output signal based on the resistance of strain sensors 708-3 and 708-4; - iv. computing the difference between the first and second output signals; and - v. stopping the motion of sample 112 when the difference reaches a predetermined value that is based on the desired separation between surface 124 and probe tip 106. In some cases, the point at which the motion of sample 112 is stoppedleaves the separation between the sample and probe tip at anintermediate separation that can be safely established while moving thesample at the first rate. Once this intermediate separation isestablished in operation (v), the separation between the sample and theprobe tip can be changed at a slower rate to establish the desiredseparation. In some embodiments, an identical proof mass is added to each ofextensions 122 and 710. In such embodiments, DC thermal compensation isimproved, since both proof masses experience the same convective coolingunder quasi-static conditions. When the cantilever is in resonance,however, the proof mass added to extension 122 experiences greaterconvective cooling than the proof mass added to extension 122. Although the illustrative embodiment includes two strain sensors locatedon either side of coupling beam 704, in some embodiments, a singlestrain sensor is included on either side of the coupling beam. In someembodiments, more than two strain sensors are located on either side ofcoupling beam 704. In some embodiments, strain sensors 708-3 and 708-4 are locatedelsewhere in cantilever 104 such that they are unaffected by strain dueto tip-sample interaction but do experience the same (or similar)thermal conditions as strain sensors 708-1 and 708-2. Suchconfigurations enable analogous compensation of TCR and parasitic straineffects as described above. It should be noted that the location of piezoresistors 710 in the layerstructure of as-formed CMOS-MEMS beam 712 is not ideal because itsresponsivity is limited due to the CMOS BEOL layer structure itself. Itis yet another aspect of the present invention, however, that theresponsivity of a strain sensor can be improved by including a simplepost-processing operation to change the neutral axis of beams 712 afterrelease of extensions 122 and 710 and singulation of the SPM die. In some embodiments, cantilever 104 includes a heater, such as heater506, where the heater is arranged to provide periodic excitation to eachof temperature sensors located similarly to strain sensors 708. Thisenables the use of lock-in measurements that can further suppress driftand band-limit the measurement of the tip-sample thermal interactions.Typically, this heater is located on coupling beam 704. FIG. 8A depicts a schematic drawing of a cross-sectional view of strainsensor 708 in its as-formed state at the completion of a conventionalCMOS process. In strain sensor 708, piezoresistor 710 is located verynear the neutral axis of beam 712. As a bending moment develops in thebeam, therefore, piezoresistor 710 is subjected to only slight strain. FIG. 8B depicts a schematic drawing of a cross-sectional view of analternative piezoresistive strain sensor in accordance with the presentinvention. Strain sensor 804 is analogous to strain sensor 708; however,a portion of silicon dioxide layer 518 is removed from strain sensor 804using a backside oxide etch. As a result, the neutral axis of beam 712is shifted upward and away from piezoresistor 710 enabling significantlymore strain to develop in piezoresistor 710. This provides strain sensor804 with increased strain sensitivity—up to a 500% improvement in strainsensitivity (a >12 dB improvement in signal-to-noise ratio (SNR)) ascompared to strain sensor 708. It should be noted that the backside oxide etch can easily be performedafter the mechanically active elements of SPM 100 (including cantilever104) have been released from substrate 110 in a sacrificial etch, aswell as after die singulation is performed (typically via a “scribe andbreak” operation). Once the individual die (or rows of die) have beenseparated, cantilever 104 projects over chip edge 124, as depicted inFIG. 1. As a result, when the oxide etch is performed from the backsideof the chip, only the region in which piezoresistors 710 are located isexposed since the substrate acts as a mask that protects the remainingstructure. FIG. 8C depicts a schematic drawing of a cross-sectional view of anotheralternative piezoresistive strain sensor in accordance with the presentinvention. Strain sensor 806 is analogous to strain sensor 708; however,a portion of silicon dioxide layer 518 is removed from the backside ofcantilever 104 thereby exposing tungsten vias 802. After removal of thepolysilicon material, it is replaced with piezoresistive material 808,which is an alternative piezoresistive material having higherpiezoresistivity than polysilicon (e.g., SiC, etc.). Piezoresistivematerial 808 is typically deposited onto the devices through ashadow-mask. The use of a higher piezoresistivity material in thepiezoresistor further improves the SNR (signal to noise ratio) of thestrain sensor. Although the illustrative embodiment includes a vertical actuator thatprovides arcuate deflection of probe tip 106, in some embodiments it ispreferable to use a rotating actuator for vertical actuator 118. FIG. 9A depicts a schematic drawing of a first alternative verticalactuator in accordance with the present invention. Actuator 900 is anisothermal rotating actuator comprising torsion elements 902-1 and902-2, proof masses 908-1 and 908-2, coupling beam 704, sensor 120,extensions 122 and 712, and probe tip 106. Each of torsion elements 902-1 and 902-2 includes a plurality ofbimorphs 904, which are grouped into operative sets. Adjacent operativesets are rigidly interconnected via beams 906 such that bending of theoperative sets within a torsion element is additive. Torsion elements 902-1 and 902-2 are rigidly connected to platform 116via rigid links 910 and arranged such that they rotate about rotationaxis 912 in the same direction when subjected to opposite temperaturechanges. As a result, their collective power dissipation remainsconstant during operation. It should be noted that, in thisconfiguration, coupling beam 704 operates as a third shuttle (analogousto shuttle 304) in an isothermal actuator that rotates the coupling beamand extensions 122 and 712 about rotation axis 912. It should be noted that the cantilever depicted in FIG. 9A includesproof masses 908-1 and 908-2, which are physically connected withextensions 122 and 712, respectively. Further, extensions 122 and 712are connected to coupling beam 704 through the sensor elements of sensor120. Actuator 900 substantially doubles the signal that can be attained usingvertical actuator 118 because it places the piezoresistors in sensor 120in resonance with 180° of relative phase shift. Furthermore, thisconfiguration compensates AC temperature fluctuations, since the thermalload seen by all resistors is the same. It should also be noted that this configuration also balances theparasitic thermal coupling effects described above and with respect tostrain sensors 708 depicted in FIG. 7. Finally, the use of an isothermal vertical actuator, such as actuator900, also enables complete isothermal operation of a scanning probemicroscope. FIG. 9B depicts a schematic drawing of a portion of a cantilever havinga sensor configuration that is particularly well suited for use withvertical actuator 900. Cantilever 914 includes strain sensors 708-1through 708-4, extension 122, probe tip 106, proof mass 908, and rigidlinks 910. Strain sensors 708 are arranged in pairs on either side of rotation axis918. As a result, tip-sample forces imparted on probe tip 106 give riseto a torque at the base of extension 122, which rotates about rotationaxis 918. This rotation gives rise to equal and opposite strains in thepiezoresistors located on opposite sides of the rotation axis. It should be noted that, although the arrangement of strain sensors insensor 916 is particularly well suited for operation with verticalactuator 900, it is suitable for use in any of the SPM arrangementsdescribed herein. FIG. 10 depicts a schematic drawing of a second alternative verticalactuator in accordance with the present invention. Actuator 1000 ispiston-style vertical actuator comprising elevators 1002-1 through1002-3 and plate 1004. Typically probe tip 106 (not shown) projectsupward from the center of plate 1004. Elevators 1002-1 through 1002-3 (referred to, collectively, as elevators1002) are mechanically coupled with platform 116. Each of elevators 1002is a serial combination of alternating bimorph elements 1006 andstraight beams 1008. As a result, flexure of the bimorph elements isadditive. In addition, the configuration also provides mechanicalamplification of the flexure of the bimorph elements by virtue ofstraight beams 1008. In some embodiments, actuator 1000 is arranged as an isothermal actuatorby providing matching upward-actuating elevators and downward-actuatingelevators, as described in U.S. Patent Publication No. 20070001248,which is incorporated herein by reference. FIG. 11 depicts a schematic drawing of a probe tip in accordance withthe illustrative embodiment. Probe tip 106 includes core 1102, conductorring 1104, and interlayer dielectric 1106. Core 1102 includes portions of aluminum layers 526 and 530, as describedabove and with respect to FIG. 5B. Conductor ring 1104 is a portion of aluminum layer 528. Interlayer dielectric 1106 includes portions of silicon dioxide layers522 and 524. Interlayer dielectric 1106 electrically isolates core 1102and conductor ring 1104 such that they can be used as separateelectrical contacts, if desired. In such embodiments, conductiveinterconnects are typically formed to provide separate signal routing tocore 1102 and conductor ring 1104. It should be noted that, while AFM applications do not typically requirean electrically active probe tip, such as element is desirable in someembodiments of the present invention. In some embodiments, after its formation, a layer of another material isformed on the exposed surface of the probe tip 106 to furtherfunctionalize the probe. For example, in some embodiments, a layer ofvanadium oxide is deposited on probe tip 106 (by e.g., plasma-vapordeposition, pulsed-laser deposition, etc., through a shadow mask) suchthat it forms a continuous layer between core 1102 and conductor ring1104. The resultant structure would be suitable for use as a bolometerprobe, among other applications. In some embodiments, the exposed surface of probe tip 106 is coated witha different material to enable different or augmented capabilities, suchmagnetic field detection, electret behavior, specific binding to ananalyte of interest, improved wear properties, and the like. FIG. 12 depicts an alternative probe tip structure in accordance withthe present invention. Probe tip 1200 includes temperature sensors1202-1 and 1202-2 and isolators 1204. Each of temperature sensors 1202-1 and 1202-2 is a thermocouple-styletemperature sensors (based on the Seebeck effect). Each of isolators 1204 is a region of patterned silicon dioxide thatinhibits the flow of heat to and from temperature sensors 1202-1 and1202-2. Temperature sensors 1202-1 and 1202-2 are arranged on opposite sides ofcoupling beam 704. As described above, vis-à-vis sensor 120, thedifferential arrangement of the temperature sensors compensates forthermal coupling effects from the scanning actuators. In someembodiments, temperature sensors 1202-1 and 1202-2 are bolometer-styletemperature sensors (based on the TCR of their constituent materials). Although the illustrative embodiment employs a Cartesian two-dimensionalactuator for moving platform 116 about the scanning region, in somecases, it is desirable to scan probe tip 106 in a cylindrical fashion.By reconfiguring the arrangement of SC-actuators 202 and tethers 206, atwo-dimensional isothermal scanner can be provided for moving platform116 within plane 208. FIG. 13 depicts a schematic drawing of an alternative two-dimensionalisothermal thermal actuator in accordance with the present invention.Actuator 1300 is a two-dimensional isothermal cylindrical actuatorcomprising SC-actuators 302-1 through 302-4, shuttles 304-1 and 304-2,rigid beams 1302-1 and 1302-2, and flexures 1304, which are collectivelyoperative for moving platform 116 selectively within x-y plane 308. Asnoted above, x-y plane 308 is substantially parallel with the plane ofunderlying substrate 110. SC-actuators 302-1 and 302-2 are mechanically coupled to collectivelydefine one-dimensional isothermal actuator 310-1 and SC-actuators 302-3and 302-4 are mechanically coupled to collectively defineone-dimensional isothermal actuator 310-2, as described above and withrespect to FIG. 6. Shuttles 304-1 and 304-2 are coupled to platform 116 via flexures 1304and rigid beams 1302-1 and 1302-2, respectively. Like straps 502, flexures 1304 are selectively flexible in plane 308;however, flexures 1304 are expressly designed to enable both rotationand translation of platform 116 about point 1306. Point 1306 is thecenter of rotation for cantilever 104. Cantilever 104 rotates about point 1306 in response to motion ofshuttles 304-1 and 304-2 in opposite direction along the y-axis.Cantilever 104 translates radially to or away from point 1306 inresponse to motion of shuttles 304-1 and 304-2 in the same directionalong the y-axis. Because of the arrangement of SC-actuators 302actuators 310, each of these motions can be effected with asubstantially constant power dissipation at each of actuators 310. As aresult, actuator 1300 can maintain the same thermal distributionthroughout the entire range motion of platform 118. It is to be understood that the disclosure teaches just one example ofthe illustrative embodiment and that many variations of the inventioncan easily be devised by those skilled in the art after reading thisdisclosure and that the scope of the present invention is to bedetermined by the following claims. What is claimed is: 1. An apparatus comprising: a substrate that definesa first plane; a first platform that defines a second plane that isparallel with the first plane; and a first scanner that is operative formoving the first platform in two dimensions within the second plane,wherein the first scanner is dimensioned and arranged to constrainmotion of the first platform to the second plane, the first scannercomprising a plurality of thermal actuators that are mechanicallycoupled such that they collectively define an isothermal scanner;wherein the first platform, the first scanner, and the substrate aremonolithically integrated. 2. The system of claim 1 further comprising:a first probe tip; and a first cantilever that is mechanically connectedwith the first platform such that the first cantilever has a first freeend, wherein the first cantilever comprises; a first actuator that isoperative for controlling a first separation between the first probe tipand a surface, the first probe tip being disposed at the first free end;and a first sensor that is operative for providing a first signal basedon a first interaction force between the first probe tip and thesurface; wherein the first cantilever and the substrate aremonolithically integrated. 3. The system of claim 2, wherein each of thefirst scanner, the first platform, and the first cantilever includes atleast one layer of a CMOS layer stack. 4. The system of claim 2, whereinthe cantilever has a first thickness in a first region and a secondthickness in a second region, the second thickness being less than thefirst thickness, and wherein the second region includes at least aportion of the first sensor. 5. The system of claim 1 furthercomprising: a first probe tip comprising a first thermal sensor, thefirst probe tip being operative for providing a first signal based on atemperature at a surface; a second thermal sensor that is dimensionedand arranged such that it provides a second signal that is independentof the temperature at the surface; and a cantilever that is mechanicallyconnected with the first platform such that the first cantilever has afirst free end, wherein the first cantilever includes; the first probetip, wherein the first probe tip is disposed at the first free end; thesecond thermal sensor; a first heater that is operative for providing aperiodic thermal signal to the first sensor; and a first actuator thatis operative for controlling a first separation between the first probetip and the surface; wherein the first cantilever and the substrate aremonolithically integrated. 6. The system of claim 2, wherein the firstprobe tip includes a plurality of regions that are electricallyconductive, and wherein the plurality of regions are electricallyisolated from one another. 7. The system of claim 2, wherein the firstactuator is an isothermal actuator. 8. The system of claim 2, whereinthe first sensor comprises a first sensor element and a second sensorelement, the first sensor element and second sensor elements, whereinthe first sensor element provides a second signal that is based on thefirst force, and wherein the second sensor element provides a thirdsignal that is independent of the first force, and further wherein thefirst signal is based on the second signal and the third signal. 9. Thesystem of claim 2 further comprising: a second platform; a secondscanner that is operative for moving the second platform selectivelywithin the second plane, the second scanner being an isothermalactuator; a second probe tip; and a second cantilever that ismechanically connected with the second platform such that the secondcantilever has a second free end, wherein the second cantilevercomprises; a second actuator that is operative for controlling a secondseparation between the second probe tip and the surface, the secondprobe tip being disposed at the second free end; and a second sensorthat is operative for providing a second signal based on a secondinteraction force between the second probe tip and the surface; whereinthe second platform, the second scanner, the second cantilever, and thesubstrate are monolithically integrated. 10. The system of claim 1,wherein the plurality of thermal actuators includes a first thermalactuator, the first thermal actuator comprising: a first chevronactuator having a first shuttle; and a first strap that is dimensionedand arranged to be flexible within the second plane and not flexible outof the second plane, the first strap being operatively coupled with thefirst shuttle such that it constrains motion of the first shuttle to thesecond plane. 11. The system of claim 10, wherein the first shuttlefurther includes a heater that is thermally coupled with the firstshuttle. 12. The system of claim 11, wherein the first chevron actuatorfurther includes a first anchor that comprises a thermal isolationregion that is operative for impeding a flow of heat between the firstshuttle and the substrate. 13. The system of claim 10, wherein the firststrap is dimensioned and arranged to convey heat between the firstshuttle and the substrate. 14. The system of claim 10, wherein the firststrap is electrically conductive. 15. The system of claim 10, whereinthe first strap includes a strain sensor that is operative for providinga second signal that is based on strain imparted on the first strap. 16.The system of claim 10, wherein the plurality of thermal actuatorsincludes a second thermal actuator, the second thermal actuatorcomprising: a second chevron actuator having a second shuttle; and asecond strap that is dimensioned and arranged to be flexible within thesecond plane and not flexible out of the second plane, the second strapbeing operatively coupled with the second shuttle such that itconstrains motion of the second shuttle to the second plane; wherein thefirst thermal actuator and second thermal actuator are mechanicallycoupled with the first platform; wherein an increase of a firstmagnitude in the temperature of the first thermal actuator gives rise toa first force on the first platform, the first force being directedalong a first direction in the second plane; and wherein a decrease ofthe first magnitude in the temperature of the second thermal actuatorgives rise to a second force on the first platform, the second forcebeing directed along the first direction and being equal to the firstforce. 17. The system of claim 16, wherein the first thermal actuator,second thermal actuator, and first platform are mechanically coupledsuch that the first scanner moves the first platform in cylindricalfashion. 18. An apparatus comprising: (1) a substrate that defines afirst plane; (2) a first thermal actuator that includes a first chevronactuator and a first strap, the first strap being dimensioned andarranged to constrain motion of the first chevron actuator to a secondplane that is parallel with the first plane; (3) a second thermalactuator that includes a second chevron actuator and a second strap, thesecond strap being dimensioned and arranged to constrain motion of thesecond chevron actuator to the second plane; and (4) a first shuttlethat is mechanically coupled with each of the first thermal actuator andsecond thermal actuator, wherein the first shuttle and the first andsecond thermal actuators collectively define a first scanner that is aone-dimensional isothermal actuator; wherein the first thermal actuator,second thermal actuator, and first shuttle are monolithically integratedon the substrate. 19. The system of claim 18, wherein each of the firstthermal actuator, second thermal actuator, and first shuttle includes atleast one layer of a CMOS layer stack. 20. The apparatus of claim 18further comprising: (5) a third thermal actuator that includes a thirdchevron actuator and a third strap, the third strap being dimensionedand arranged to constrain motion of the third chevron actuator to thesecond plane; (6) a fourth thermal actuator that includes a fourthchevron actuator and a fourth strap, the fourth strap being dimensionedand arranged to constrain motion of the fourth chevron actuator to thefourth plane; and (7) a second shuttle that is mechanically coupled witheach of the third thermal actuator and fourth thermal actuator, whereinthe second shuttle and the third and fourth thermal actuatorscollectively define a second scanner that is a one-dimensionalisothermal actuator; wherein the third thermal actuator, fourth thermalactuator, and second shuttle are monolithically integrated on thesubstrate. 21. The system of claim 20, further comprising (8) a platformthat is mechanically coupled with each of the first scanner and secondscanner such that the platform, first scanner, and second scannercollectively define a two-dimensional isothermal actuator. 22. Thesystem of claim 21 further comprising: (9) a probe tip; and (10) acantilever that is mechanically connected with the platform such thatthe cantilever has a free end, wherein the cantilever includes; (a) afifth thermal actuator that is operative for controlling a separationbetween the probe tip and a surface, the probe tip being disposed at thefree end; and (b) a sensor that is operative for providing a firstsignal based on characteristic of the surface. 23. The system of claim22, wherein the characteristic is temperature. 24. The system of claim22, wherein the characteristic is an interaction force between thesurface and the probe tip. 25. The system of claim 24, wherein thesensor includes: a first sensor element that is mechanically coupledwith the probe tip such that the first sensor element is operative forproviding a second signal that is based on the interaction force; and asecond sensor element that is operatively decoupled from the probe tipsuch that the second sensor element is operative for providing a thirdsignal that is independent of the interaction force; wherein the firstsignal is based on the second signal and third signal. 26. The system ofclaim 18, wherein the first thermal actuator includes a first heaterthat is located at a first shuttle, the first heater being operative forat least partially controlling the temperature of the first chevronactuator, wherein the first chevron actuator includes the first shuttle,and wherein the first chevron actuator is an externally heated chevronactuator. 27. The system of claim 26, wherein the first thermal actuatorincludes a second heater, the second heater being located at a firstanchor and being operative for at least partially controlling thetemperature of the first chevron actuator, wherein the first chevronactuator includes the first anchor. 28. The system of claim 26, whereinthe first thermal actuator includes a first thermal isolation regionthat is located at a first anchor, the first thermal isolation regionbeing operative for impeding a flow of heat between the first chevronactuator and the substrate, wherein the first chevron actuator includesthe first anchor. 29. A method comprising: providing a scanner that ismonolithically integrated on a substrate that defines a first plane,wherein the scanner is provided such that it includes a plurality ofthermal actuators that are mechanically coupled to collectively definean isothermal scanner that is operative for scanning a platformselectively within a first region of a second plane that is parallelwith the first plane; controlling a first separation between a probe tipand a surface, wherein the probe tip is disposed at a free end of acantilever that is mechanically connected with the platform, and whereinthe cantilever includes (1) a first thermal actuator for controlling thefirst separation and (2) a sensor for providing a first signal that isbased on a characteristic of the surface; isothermally scanning theprobe tip over a second region, the surface including the second region;and detecting the interaction force. 30. The method of claim 29 furthercomprising generating a map of the characteristic of the surface in thefirst region. 31. The method of claim 29 wherein the characteristic isan interaction force between the probe tip and the surface. 32. Themethod of claim 29 wherein the characteristic is temperature. 33. Themethod of claim 29 further comprising driving the cantilever intoresonance. 34. The method of claim 29, wherein the scanner is providedsuch that the plurality of thermal actuators includes (1) a secondthermal actuator that includes a first chevron actuator and a firststrap that is dimensioned and arranged to constrain motion of the firstchevron actuator to the second plane and (2) a third thermal actuatorthat includes a second chevron actuator and a second strap that isdimensioned and arranged to constrain motion of the second chevronactuator to the second plane. 35. The method of claim 34 furthercomprising: providing the first chevron actuator such that it includes afirst shuttle having a heater; and controlling a voltage provided to theheater to control the temperature of the first chevron actuator. 36. Themethod of claim 35 further comprising providing the first chevronactuator such that it includes a first anchor having a thermal isolationregion for impeding the flow of heat between the first chevron actuatorand the substrate. 37. The method of claim 34, wherein the scanner isprovided such that the plurality of thermal actuators includes a secondthermal actuator and a third thermal actuator, and wherein each of thesecond thermal actuator and third thermal actuator includes a chevronactuator and a strap that is dimensioned and arranged to constrainmotion of the chevron actuator to the second plane. 38. The method ofclaim 29 wherein the scanner is provided by fabricating it in a CMOSfabrication process. 39. The method of claim 29 further comprising:providing the cantilever such that the sensor includes (1) a firstsensor element that is sensitive to the characteristic and (2) a secondsensor element that is insensitive to the characteristic; measuring asecond signal at the first sensor element; measuring a third signal atthe second sensor element; and providing the first signal based on thesecond signal and third signal. 40. The method of claim 29 furthercomprising establishing second separation that is based on the firstseparation, wherein the second separation is established by operationsincluding: providing the cantilever such that the sensor includes (1) afirst sensor element that is proximal to the probe tip and (2) a secondsensor element that is distal to the probe tip; measuring a secondsignal at the first sensor element; measuring a third signal at thesecond sensor element; changing a third separation between the probe tipand the surface; and establishing the third separation as the secondseparation when a difference between the second signal and third signalis equal to a predetermined value. 41. The method of claim 29 whereinthe separation between the probe tip and the surface is controlled suchthat the probe tip maintains a constant temperature..

https://github.com/uphill-ai/NAS2019/blob/master/bert-sklearn/tests/comparison_test.ipynb

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

NAS2019

uphill-ai

Jupyter Notebook

Code

{ "cells": [ { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "## Comparison test\n", "\n", "This test compares the output from `run_classifier.py` in the huggingface port to `bert_sklearn` on a small test subset from sst-2" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "#### `run_classifier.py` from huggingface port" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 1, "metadata": { "scrolled": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Loading Pytorch checkpoint\n", "Loading Pytorch checkpoint\n" ] }, { "name": "stderr", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "07/18/2019 02:11:58 - INFO - __main__ - device: cuda n_gpu: 1, distributed training: False, 16-bits training: False\n", "07/18/2019 02:11:59 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.tokenization - loading vocabulary file https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-uncased-vocab.txt from cache at /root/.cache/torch/pytorch_pretrained_bert/26bc1ad6c0ac742e9b52263248f6d0f00068293b33709fae12320c0e35ccfbbb.542ce4285a40d23a559526243235df47c5f75c197f04f37d1a0c124c32c9a084\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:00 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.modeling - loading weights file https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-uncased-pytorch_model.bin from cache at /root/.cache/torch/pytorch_pretrained_bert/aa1ef1aede4482d0dbcd4d52baad8ae300e60902e88fcb0bebdec09afd232066.36ca03ab34a1a5d5fa7bc3d03d55c4fa650fed07220e2eeebc06ce58d0e9a157\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:00 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.modeling - loading configuration file https://s3.amazonaws.com/models.huggingface.co/bert/bert-base-uncased-config.json from cache at /root/.cache/torch/pytorch_pretrained_bert/4dad0251492946e18ac39290fcfe91b89d370fee250efe9521476438fe8ca185.bf3b9ea126d8c0001ee8a1e8b92229871d06d36d8808208cc2449280da87785c\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:00 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.modeling - Model config {\n", " \"attention_probs_dropout_prob\": 0.1,\n", " \"hidden_act\": \"gelu\",\n", " \"hidden_dropout_prob\": 0.1,\n", " \"hidden_size\": 768,\n", " \"initializer_range\": 0.02,\n", " \"intermediate_size\": 3072,\n", " \"layer_norm_eps\": 1e-12,\n", " \"max_position_embeddings\": 512,\n", " \"num_attention_heads\": 12,\n", " \"num_hidden_layers\": 12,\n", " \"type_vocab_size\": 2,\n", " \"vocab_size\": 30522\n", "}\n", "\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:02 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.modeling - Weights of BertForSequenceClassification not initialized from pretrained model: ['classifier.weight', 'classifier.bias']\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:02 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.modeling - Weights from pretrained model not used in BertForSequenceClassification: ['cls.predictions.bias', 'cls.predictions.transform.dense.weight', 'cls.predictions.transform.dense.bias', 'cls.predictions.decoder.weight', 'cls.seq_relationship.weight', 'cls.seq_relationship.bias', 'cls.predictions.transform.LayerNorm.weight', 'cls.predictions.transform.LayerNorm.bias']\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:04 - INFO - __main__ - ***** Running training *****\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:04 - INFO - __main__ - Num examples = 200\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:04 - INFO - __main__ - Batch size = 16\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:04 - INFO - __main__ - Num steps = 26\n", "\r", "Epoch: 0%| | 0/2 [00:00<?, ?it/s]\n", "\r", "Iteration: 0%| | 0/13 [00:00<?, ?it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 8%|▊ | 1/13 [00:00<00:03, 3.19it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 15%|█▌ | 2/13 [00:00<00:03, 3.34it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 23%|██▎ | 3/13 [00:00<00:02, 3.48it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 31%|███ | 4/13 [00:01<00:02, 3.58it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 38%|███▊ | 5/13 [00:01<00:02, 3.66it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 46%|████▌ | 6/13 [00:01<00:01, 3.71it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 54%|█████▍ | 7/13 [00:01<00:01, 3.76it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 62%|██████▏ | 8/13 [00:02<00:01, 3.79it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 69%|██████▉ | 9/13 [00:02<00:01, 3.81it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 77%|███████▋ | 10/13 [00:02<00:00, 3.81it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 85%|████████▍ | 11/13 [00:02<00:00, 3.83it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 92%|█████████▏| 12/13 [00:03<00:00, 3.83it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 100%|██████████| 13/13 [00:03<00:00, 4.18it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\u001b[A\r", "Epoch: 50%|█████ | 1/2 [00:03<00:03, 3.36s/it]\n", "\r", "Iteration: 0%| | 0/13 [00:00<?, ?it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 8%|▊ | 1/13 [00:00<00:03, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 15%|█▌ | 2/13 [00:00<00:02, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 23%|██▎ | 3/13 [00:00<00:02, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 31%|███ | 4/13 [00:01<00:02, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 38%|███▊ | 5/13 [00:01<00:02, 3.81it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 46%|████▌ | 6/13 [00:01<00:01, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 54%|█████▍ | 7/13 [00:01<00:01, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 62%|██████▏ | 8/13 [00:02<00:01, 3.83it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 69%|██████▉ | 9/13 [00:02<00:01, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 77%|███████▋ | 10/13 [00:02<00:00, 3.81it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 85%|████████▍ | 11/13 [00:02<00:00, 3.82it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 92%|█████████▏| 12/13 [00:03<00:00, 3.81it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\r", "Iteration: 100%|██████████| 13/13 [00:03<00:00, 4.15it/s]\u001b[A\n", "\u001b[A\r", "Epoch: 100%|██████████| 2/2 [00:06<00:00, 3.35s/it]\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:11 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.modeling - Model config {\n", " \"attention_probs_dropout_prob\": 0.1,\n", " \"hidden_act\": \"gelu\",\n", " \"hidden_dropout_prob\": 0.1,\n", " \"hidden_size\": 768,\n", " \"initializer_range\": 0.02,\n", " \"intermediate_size\": 3072,\n", " \"layer_norm_eps\": 1e-12,\n", " \"max_position_embeddings\": 512,\n", " \"num_attention_heads\": 12,\n", " \"num_hidden_layers\": 12,\n", " \"type_vocab_size\": 2,\n", " \"vocab_size\": 30522\n", "}\n", "\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:13 - INFO - bert_sklearn.model.pytorch_pretrained.tokenization - loading vocabulary file ./tests/comptest/vocab.txt\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:13 - INFO - __main__ - ***** Running evaluation *****\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:13 - INFO - __main__ - Num examples = 100\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:13 - INFO - __main__ - Batch size = 8\n", "\r", "Evaluating: 0%| | 0/13 [00:00<?, ?it/s]\r", "Evaluating: 31%|███ | 4/13 [00:00<00:00, 32.40it/s]\r", "Evaluating: 62%|██████▏ | 8/13 [00:00<00:00, 32.13it/s]\r", "Evaluating: 92%|█████████▏| 12/13 [00:00<00:00, 32.21it/s]\r", "Evaluating: 100%|██████████| 13/13 [00:00<00:00, 33.16it/s]\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:14 - INFO - __main__ - ***** Eval results *****\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:14 - INFO - __main__ - acc = 0.88\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:14 - INFO - __main__ - eval_loss = 0.31115847940628344\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:14 - INFO - __main__ - global_step = 26\n", "07/18/2019 02:12:14 - INFO - __main__ - loss = 0.1801566292460148\n" ] }, { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "CPU times: user 16 ms, sys: 4 ms, total: 20 ms\n", "Wall time: 16.7 s\n" ] } ], "source": [ "%%time\n", "%%bash\n", "cd ..\n", "python ./tests/run_classifier.py --task_name sst-2 \\\n", " --data_dir ./tests/data/sst2 \\\n", " --do_train --do_eval \\\n", " --output_dir ./tests/comptest \\\n", " --bert_model bert-base-uncased \\\n", " --do_lower_case \\\n", " --learning_rate 3e-5 \\\n", " --gradient_accumulation_steps 1 \\\n", " --max_seq_length 64 \\\n", " --train_batch_size 16 \\\n", " --eval_batch_size 8 \\\n", " --num_train_epochs 2" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 2, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "acc = 0.88\r\n", "eval_loss = 0.31115847940628344\r\n", "global_step = 26\r\n", "loss = 0.1801566292460148\r\n" ] } ], "source": [ "!cat comptest/eval_results.txt" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 3, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [ "!rm -r comptest" ] }, { "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ "### `bert_sklearn` " ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": 4, "metadata": { "scrolled": false }, "outputs": [ { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "SST-2 train data size: 200 \n", "SST-2 dev data size: 100 \n", "Building sklearn text classifier...\n", "Loading bert-base-uncased model...\n", "Defaulting to linear classifier/regressor\n", "Loading Pytorch checkpoint\n", "train data size: 200, validation data size: 0\n" ] }, { "name": "stderr", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "Training : 100%|██████████| 13/13 [00:03<00:00, 4.03it/s, loss=0.671]\n", "Training : 100%|██████████| 13/13 [00:03<00:00, 4.00it/s, loss=0.36] \n", "Testing: 100%|██████████| 13/13 [00:00<00:00, 22.96it/s]" ] }, { "name": "stdout", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "\n", "Loss: 0.3112, Accuracy: 88.00%\n", "CPU times: user 9.88 s, sys: 3.45 s, total: 13.3 s\n", "Wall time: 14.5 s\n" ] }, { "name": "stderr", "output_type": "stream", "text": [ "\n" ] } ], "source": [ "%%time\n", "import os\n", "import sys\n", "import csv\n", "\n", "import numpy as np\n", "import pandas as pd\n", "from sklearn import metrics\n", "from sklearn.metrics import classification_report\n", "\n", "sys.path.append(\"../\") \n", "from bert_sklearn import BertClassifier\n", "from bert_sklearn import load_model\n", "\n", "\n", "def get_sst_test_data(train_file ='./data/sst2/train.tsv',\n", " dev_file = './data/sst2/dev.tsv'):\n", " \n", " train = pd.read_csv(train_file, sep='\\t', encoding='utf8', keep_default_na=False)\n", " train.columns=['text','label']\n", " print(\"SST-2 train data size: %d \"%(len(train)))\n", " \n", " dev = pd.read_csv(dev_file, sep='\\t', encoding='utf8', keep_default_na=False)\n", " dev.columns=['text','label']\n", " print(\"SST-2 dev data size: %d \"%(len(dev)))\n", " label_list = np.unique(train['label'])\n", "\n", " X_train = train['text']\n", " y_train = train['label']\n", " X_dev = dev['text']\n", " y_dev = dev['label']\n", "\n", " return X_train,y_train, X_dev, y_dev\n", "\n", "\n", "X_train,y_train, X_dev, y_dev = get_sst_test_data()\n", "\n", "# define model\n", "model = BertClassifier('bert-base-uncased')\n", "model.validation_fraction = 0.0\n", "model.learning_rate = 3e-5 \n", "model.gradient_accumulation_steps = 1\n", "model.max_seq_length = 64\n", "model.train_batch_size = 16\n", "model.eval_batch_size = 8\n", "model.epochs = 2\n", "\n", "# fit\n", "model.fit(X_train,y_train)\n", "\n", "# score\n", "accy = model.score(X_dev,y_dev)" ] }, { "cell_type": "code", "execution_count": null, "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], "source": [] } ], "metadata": { "kernelspec": { "display_name": "Python 3", "language": "python", "name": "python3" }, "language_info": { "codemirror_mode": { "name": "ipython", "version": 3 }, "file_extension": ".py", "mimetype": "text/x-python", "name": "python", "nbconvert_exporter": "python", "pygments_lexer": "ipython3", "version": "3.6.7" } }, "nbformat": 4, "nbformat_minor": 2 }

https://github.com/awslabs/emr-dynamodb-connector/blob/master/emr-dynamodb-hadoop/src/main/java/org/apache/hadoop/dynamodb/preader/TokenBucket.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

emr-dynamodb-connector

awslabs

Java

Code

/** * Copyright 2012-2016 Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved. * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"). You may not use this file * except in compliance with the License. A copy of the License is located at * *     http://aws.amazon.com/apache2.0/ * * or in the "LICENSE.TXT" file accompanying this file. This file is distributed on an "AS IS" * BASIS, WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. See the * License for the specific language governing permissions and limitations under the License. */ package org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.preader; import org.apache.hadoop.dynamodb.util.AbstractTimeSource; class TokenBucket { private final double rate; // refill rate in milliseconds private final double capacity; private final AbstractTimeSource time; private double tokens; private long lastRefill; // in nanoseconds TokenBucket(double refillRateInSeconds, double capacity, AbstractTimeSource time) { this.rate = refillRateInSeconds / 1000.0; this.capacity = capacity; this.time = time; this.tokens = capacity; this.lastRefill = time.getNanoTime(); } /** * Refills and attempts to acquire tokens between min and max parameters. * * @return Amount of tokens acquired between `min` and `max` if tokens are available, 0 if less * than `min` are available. */ synchronized double acquire(double minTokens, double maxTokens) { refill(); double avail = Math.floor(Math.min(maxTokens, tokens)); if (avail >= minTokens) { tokens -= avail; return avail; } return 0.0f; } /** * Update the number of tokens in the bucket based. Caps at the bucket capacity, but allows * taking the bucket into deficit. * * @param delta Amount of tokens to add or remove. */ public synchronized double forceUpdate(double delta) { tokens = Math.min(tokens + delta, capacity); return tokens; } /** * Refill the bucket based on current time. Caps at the bucket capacity. */ private void refill() { long nowNano = time.getNanoTime(); long deltaMs = time.getTimeDeltaMs(lastRefill, nowNano); if (deltaMs < 0) { return; } tokens = Math.min(tokens + deltaMs * rate, capacity); lastRefill = nowNano; } }

https://ru.wikipedia.org/wiki/%D0%9D%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BE%D1%81%D0%B0%D1%80%D0%B0%D1%82%D0%BE%D0%B2%D0%BA%D0%B0%20%28%D0%9B%D0%B5%D0%BD%D0%B8%D0%BD%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%B4%D1%81%D0%BA%D0%B0%D1%8F%20%D0%BE%D0%B1%D0%BB%D0%B0%D1%81%D1%82%D1%8C%29

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Новосаратовка (Ленинградская область)

https://ru.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Новосаратовка (Ленинградская область)&action=history

Russian

Spoken

Новосара́товка — деревня в Свердловском городском поселении Всеволожского района Ленинградской области. Название По легенде название произошло из-за того, что немецких колонистов первоначально планировали поселить в Саратове. История Новосаратовская колония была основана на правом берегу Невы при Екатерине II немецкими колонистами, выходцами из Бранденбурга и Вюртемберга. Немецкое население проживало здесь до марта 1942 года, после чего было полностью депортировано. В 1766 году была построена первая, деревянная кирха и основан Новосаратовский лютеранский приход. Первое картографическое упоминание деревни — селение Саратовка, происходит в 1770 году, на карте Санкт-Петербургской губернии Я. Ф. Шмидта. Как село под названием Малая Саратовка она упоминается на карте окружности Санкт-Петербурга 1810 года. В 1835 году была построена вторая, каменная кирха. НОВОСАРАТОВСКАЯ КОЛОНИЯ — принадлежит ведомству Министерства внутренних дел, жителей по ревизии 539 м. п., 552 ж. п.; При ней: Церковь Евангелическая Св. Екатерины. (1838 год) В 1844 году Новосаратовка насчитывала 60 дворов. На этнографической карте Санкт-Петербургской губернии П. И. Кёппена 1849 года она обозначена как колония «Ssaratowka», расположенная в ареале расселения немцев. НОВОСАРАТОВСКАЯ КОЛОНИЯ — принадлежит Ведомству государственного имущества, по бечевнику леваго(так в оригинале) берега р. Невы, 68 дворов, 703 души м. п. (1856 год) НОВОСАРАТОВСКАЯ — немецкая колония на берегу р. Невы, 68 дворов, 725 м. п., 720 ж. п.; Церковь евангелическо-лютеранская. Кладбище. Пароходная пристань. Дачи — 10 дворов и 3 лесопильных завода.(1862 год) В 1885 году, согласно «Карте окрестностей Петербурга», колония насчитывала 60 дворов. Сборник же Центрального статистического комитета описывал её так: НОВОСАРАТОВКА — село бывшее колонистов при реке Неве, дворов — 120, жителей — 1038; волостное правление (до уездного города 16 вёрст), церковь лютеранская, школа, 3 лавки, трактир. (1885 год). В конце XIX века колония административно относилась к Новосаратовской волости 2-го стана Санкт-Петербургского уезда Санкт-Петербургской губернии, в начале XX века — 1-го стана. НОВОСАРАТОВСКАЯ НЕМЕЦКАЯ КОЛОНИЯ и дачи Новосаратовских колонистов на берегу р. Невы; 78 дворов, 725 м. п., 720 ж. п., всего 1445 чел.; Евангелическо-лютеранская церковь, кладбище, пароходная пристань, 3 лесопильных завода.(1896 год) Однако согласно данным первой переписи населения Российской империи: НОВО-САРАТОВСКАЯ — колония, мужчин — 1714, женщин — 1406, обоего пола — 3120. (1897 год) В 1908 году в колонии проживало 188 детей школьного возраста (от 8 до 11 лет). В 1909 году в колонии было 132 двора. НОВОСАРАТОВСКАЯ — колония Новосаратовского сельского общества Новосаратовской волости, число домохозяев — 120, наличных душ — 856; Количество земли — 2222 дес., надельная. (1905 год) До революции в колонии кустарный характер носил колёсный промысел (сбыт на месте и в Петербурге). Работало евангелическо-лютеранское училище. С 1917 по 1922 год колония была административным центром Новосаратовской волости Луначарского района Петроградского уезда, затем вошла в состав Луначарской волости. Точная дата организации Новосаратовского сельсовета не установлена, но в 1928 году Новосаратовский сельсовет рабочих, крестьянских и красноармейских депутатов уже входил в состав Колпинского района Ленинградской области. Центром сельсовета была Ново-Саратовская колония. В 1930 году колония занималась молочно-огородным хозяйством и дачным промыслом. Немцы-колонисты организовали большую сельскохозяйственною артель «Красный Механизатор», объединяющую 192 двора и 320 едоков. В том же году Новосаратовский сельсовет вошёл в состав Ленинградского Пригородного района. По административным данным 1933 года Новосаратовский сельсовет состоял из деревни Весело-Поселковской, деревни Сосновой и посёлка Новосаратовского, общее население которых составляло 3519 человек. По административным данным 1936 года посёлок Ново-Саратовская колония являлся центром Новосаратовского сельсовета Ленинградского Пригородного района. В сельсовете было 5 населённых пунктов, 428 хозяйств и 2 колхоза. В августе того же года Новосаратовский сельсовет вошёл в состав новообразованного Всеволожского района. НОВО-САРАТОВСКАЯ КОЛОНИЯ — посёлок Ново-Саратовского сельсовета, 3311 чел. (1939 год) В 1940 году колония насчитывала 317 дворов. Согласно справке от 23 августа 1941 года, в немецком колхозе «Красный Механизатор» (объединял часть немецкого населения Ново-Саратовской колонии и 3 семьи местечка Утиная Заводь) состояли: 149 немецких семей — 568 человек и 5 русских семей — 20 человек. Всего 154 семьи — 588 человек. 3 марта 1942 года в посёлке был развёрнут эвакогоспиталь № 1. В 1943 году в посёлке располагались: полевой подвижный госпиталь № 634 управление головного полевого эвакуационного пункта № 92 с эвакоприёмником На основании решения Исполкома Всеволожского райсовета от 6 декабря 1951 года Новосаратовская колония была переименована в деревню Ново-Саратовка. В 1958 году население деревни составляло 3016 человек. Решением облисполкома № 189 от 16 мая 1988 года расположенная в деревне Новосаратовка братская могила моряков краснознамённого Балтийского флота эсминца «Строгий», погибших в борьбе с немецко-фашистскими захватчиками, признана памятником истории, так же как и братская могила советских воинов, рабочих совхозов и ленинградцев, погибших в период блокады Ленинграда, расположенная в 3 км северо-восточнее. По данным 1966 и 1973 годов деревня являлась административным центром Новосаратовского сельсовета. По данным 1990 года в деревне Новосаратовка проживали 363 человека. Деревня являлась административным центром Новосаратовского сельсовета, в который входили 4 населённых пункта: деревни Невский Парклесхоз, Новосаратовка, посёлки Красная Заря, Рабочий, общей численностью населения 561 человек. Сельсовет был упразднён 10 мая 1995 года. В 1997 году в деревне проживали 365 человек, в 2002 году — 501 человек (русских — 86%), в 2007 году — 502. География Деревня расположена в южной части района на автодороге (Санкт-Петербург — Всеволожск). Расстояние до административного центра поселения — 11 км. Расстояние до районного центра — 35 км. Деревня находится на правом берегу Невы. Демография Экономика В Новосаратовке расположен молокозавод «Приневское» (ЗАО «Племенной завод Приневское»). В деревне реализуется один из крупнейших девелоперских проектов в Ленобласти — логистический центр «Уткина заводь». Работы выполняют специалисты «Группы Е4». В Новосаратовке базируется один из крупнейших речных перевозчиков Санкт-Петербурга, компания «Пассажирский порт». Также в деревне находится грузовой терминал ПСК «Пулково». Общественный транспорт Автобусные маршруты 476 Станция метро — Посёлок имени Свердлова Достопримечательности Здание кирхи святой Екатерины, в котором была школа, а теперь находится лютеранская семинария, и несколько сохранившихся могильных памятников на кладбище поблизости от этой церкви. Поблизости от здания кирхи на берегу Невы, на месте, где в годы обороны Ленинграда стоял эскадренный миноносец «Строгий» установлен памятный знак. На кладбище находится братская могила моряков канонерской лодки «Сестрорецк», погибших в борьбе с фашистами. В 1,8 км к северо-востоку — братская могила советских воинов, рабочих совхозов и ленинградцев, погибших в период блокады Ленинграда. Фермы старого Володарского моста, который был разобран в 1987—1993 годах. Известные уроженцы Лев Ро (1883—1957) — советский плодовод-селекционер, профессор, лауреат Сталинской премии (1951). Улицы Аничков проезд, Воронцовский проезд, Екатерининский проезд, Елагина проезд, Зимний проезд, Инженерная, Лесопарковый проезд, Летний проезд, Мариинский проезд, Меньшиковский проезд, Николаевский проезд, Октябрьская набережная, Первых, Покровская дорога, Полевая, Рабочая, Строгановский проезд, Центральный проезд. Примечания Населённые пункты Всеволожского района Пригороды Санкт-Петербурга Места поселения российских немцев в Ленинградской области

https://github.com/lamwolog/folly/blob/master/folly/experimental/pushmi/new_thread.h

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

folly

lamwolog

C++

Code

#pragma once // Copyright (c) 2018-present, Facebook, Inc. // // This source code is licensed under the MIT license found in the // LICENSE file in the root directory of this source tree. #include <folly/experimental/pushmi/executor.h> #include <folly/experimental/pushmi/trampoline.h> namespace pushmi { // very poor perf example executor. // struct new_thread_executor { using properties = property_set<is_sender<>, is_executor<>, is_never_blocking<>, is_concurrent_sequence<>, is_single<>>; new_thread_executor executor() { return {}; } PUSHMI_TEMPLATE(class Out) (requires Receiver<Out>) void submit(Out out) { std::thread t{[out = std::move(out)]() mutable { auto tr = ::pushmi::trampoline(); ::pushmi::submit(tr, std::move(out)); }}; // pass ownership of thread to out t.detach(); } }; inline new_thread_executor new_thread() { return {}; } } // namespace pushmi

https://github.com/apache/trafficserver/blob/master/doc/locale/ja/LC_MESSAGES/admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.po

Github Open Source

Open Source

TCL, LicenseRef-scancode-proprietary-license, BSD-3-Clause, LicenseRef-scancode-openssl, LicenseRef-scancode-ssleay-windows, ISC, OpenSSL, MIT, HPND, Apache-2.0, BSD-2-Clause, LicenseRef-scancode-unknown-license-reference, LicenseRef-scancode-public-domain, LicenseRef-scancode-unknown

trafficserver

apache

Gettext Catalog

Code

# Licensed to the Apache Software Foundation (ASF) under one # or more contributor license agreements. See the NOTICE file # distributed with this work for additional information # regarding copyright ownership. The ASF licenses this file # to you under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the # "License"); you may not use this file except in compliance # with the License. You may obtain a copy of the License at # # http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 # # Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software # distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, # WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and # limitations under the License. # #, fuzzy msgid "" msgstr "" "Project-Id-Version: Apache Traffic Server 6.2\n" "Report-Msgid-Bugs-To: \n" "POT-Creation-Date: 2016-01-02 21:32+0000\n" "PO-Revision-Date: YEAR-MO-DA HO:MI+ZONE\n" "Last-Translator: FULL NAME <EMAIL@ADDRESS>\n" "Language-Team: LANGUAGE <[email protected]>\n" "Language: ja_JP\n" "MIME-Version: 1.0\n" "Content-Type: text/plain; charset=utf-8\n" "Content-Transfer-Encoding: 8bit\n" "Generated-By: Babel 2.1.1\n" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:39 msgid "Configuring Browsers Manually" msgstr "ブラウザーを手動で設定する" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:4 msgid "Explicit Proxy Caching" msgstr "明示的なプロキシーキャッシュ" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:30 msgid "" "If you do not configure Traffic Server to use the transparency option (with " "which client requests are intercepted en route to origin servers by a " "switch/router and rerouted to the Traffic Server machine), then clients " "must configure their web browsers to send HTTP requests to the Traffic " "Server proxy cache by configuring their browsers to download proxy " "configuration instructions from a :ref:`PAC file <using-a-pack-file>` " "(Proxy Auto-Configuration file)." msgstr "" "Traffic Server を透過オプションを使うように ( クライアントのリクエストがス" "イッチ/ルーターによってオリジンサーバーへの経路の途中で横取りされ、Traffic " "Server マシンに向かうよう方向付けし直されるように ) 設定しない場合、クライア" "ントは Web ブラウザーがプロキシー設定手順を :ref:`PAC ファイル <using-a-" "pack-file>` (Proxy Auto-Configuration file) からダウンロードするようにして " "HTTTP リクエストを Traffic Server プロキシーキャッシュに送るように設定しなけ" "ればなりません。" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:26 msgid "" "If you want to use Traffic Server as an explicit proxy cache, you must " "configure client software (i.e., browsers) to send requests directly to " "Traffic Server." msgstr "" "Traffic Server を明示的なプロキシーキャッシュとして使用したい場合は、クライ" "アントソフトウェア ( すなわちブラウザー ) がリクエストを直接 Traffic Server " "に送るように設定しなければなりません。" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:44 msgid "The fully-qualified hostname or IP address of the Traffic Server node" msgstr "Traffic Server ノードの完全修飾ホスト名もしくは IP アドレス" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:41 msgid "" "To manually configure a browser to send HTTP requests to Traffic Server, " "clients must provide the following information:" msgstr "" "ブラウザーが HTTP リクエストを Traffic Server に送るように手動で設定するに" "は、クライアントは次の情報を提供しなければなりません。" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:60 msgid "" "A *PAC file* is a specialized JavaScript function definition that a browser " "calls to determine how requests are handled. Clients must specify (in their " "browser settings) the URL from which the PAC file is loaded. You can store " "a PAC file on Traffic Server (or on any server in your network) and then " "provide the URL for this file to your clients." msgstr "" "*PAC ファイル*\\ はリクエストがどう扱われるかを決定するためにブラウザーが呼" "び出す特別な JavaScript の関数定義です。クライアントは ( ブラウザーの設定" "に ) PAC ファイルが読み込まれる URL を指定しなければなりません。Traffic " "Server 上に ( もしくはネットワーク内のいずれかのサーバー上に) PAC ファイルを" "格納しクライアントに対してこのファイルのための URL を提供することができま" "す。" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:47 msgid "" "In addition, clients can specify not to use Traffic Server for certain " "sites - in such cases, requests to the listed sites go directly to the " "origin server. The procedures for manual configuration vary among browser " "versions; refer to specific browser documentation for complete proxy " "configuration instructions. You do not need to set any special " "configuration options on Traffic Server if you want to accept requests from " "manually-configured browsers." msgstr "" "これに加え、クライアントはあるサイトでは Traffic Server を使用しないように指" "定することができます。このようなケースでは、一覧にあるサイトへのリクエストは" "オリジンサーバーへ直接向かいます。手動設定の手続きはブラウザーのバージョンに" "よって異なります。完全なプロキシー設定手順は各ブラウザーのドキュメントを参照" "してください。手動で設定されたブラウザーからのリクエストを受け付けたい場合" "は、Traffic Server 上で特別な設定を行う必要はありません。" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:67 msgid "Sample PAC File" msgstr "サンプル PAC ファイル" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:45 msgid "The Traffic Server proxy server port (by default, 8080)" msgstr "Traffic Server プロキシーサーバーポート ( デフォルトではポート 8080)" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:69 msgid "" "The following sample PAC file instructs browsers to connect directly to all " "hosts without a fully-qualified domain name and to all hosts in the local " "domain. All other requests go to the Traffic Server named ``myproxy.company." "com``.::" msgstr "" "次のサンプル PAC ファイルは、完全修飾ドメインのないすべてのホストとローカル" "ドメインのホストには直接接続するように指示します。その他のすべてのリクエスト" "は ``myproxy.company.com`` と名付けられた Traffic Server に向かいます。" #: ../../admin-guide/configuration/explicit-forward-proxying.en.rst:58 msgid "Using a PAC File" msgstr "PAC ファイルの使用"

https://github.com/PhilipsOnFhir/fhir-2-angular/blob/master/angular2/projects/fhir2angular/src/lib/r4/R4_Shape.ts

Github Open Source

Open Source

BSD-3-Clause-Clear

fhir-2-angular

PhilipsOnFhir

TypeScript

Code

import { R4_DomainResource } from './R4_DomainResource'; export enum R4_Shape{ CIRCLE = 'circle', DEFAULT = 'default', POLY = 'poly', RECT = 'rect', }

US-201314062569-A_2

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

Practical Example 1 A light extraction characteristic of the LED element in accordance withthe embodiment was evaluated by simulation. FIG. 5 is a cross sectional view schematically illustrating a structureof the LED element used for the simulation. As illustrated in FIG. 5, an LED element 500 used in this practicalexample 1 includes a transparent substrate 510, a light scattering layer520, a first layer 530, a second layer 540, a first electrode 550, anorganic light emitting layer 560, and a second electrode 570 that arestacked in this order. This LED element 500 is an example of a red lightemitting element. The transparent substrate 510 is assumed to be made of soda-lime. Inaddition, the light scattering layer 520 is assumed to be made of aglass base material including, in mol % representation, 23.9% of P₂O₅,12.4% of B₂O₃, 5.2% of Li₂O, 15.6% of Bi₂O₃, 16.4% of Nb₂O₅, 21.6% ofZnO, and 4.9% of ZrO₂. Because the transparent substrate 510 and thelight scattering layer 520 may be regarded as being media for finallyoutputting light, thicknesses thereof are assumed to be 0. The first layer 520 is assumed to be made of titanium oxide (TiO₂), witha thickness of 300 nm. The second layer 530 is assumed to be made of titanium zirconium complexoxide (TiZr_(x)O_(y)), with a thickness variable in a range of 10 nm to200 nm. The first electrode 550 is assumed to have a 2-layer structure includinga first layer 551 and a second layer 552, both made of ITO. In addition,the thickness of both layers is assumed to be 75 nm. The first electrode550 is made to have the 2-layer structure, because in the actual LEDelement, the ITO electrode may be anticipated to have differentrefractive indexes at the upper layer side and the bottom layer side. The organic light emitting layer 560 is assumed to have a 4-layerstructure including a hole transport layer 561, a light emitting layer562, an electron transport layer 563, and an electron injection layer564. The hole transport layer 561 is assumed to be made of α-NPD(N,N′-Di(1-naphthyl)-N,N′-diphenylbenzidine), with a thickness variablein a range of 10 nm to 200 nm. The light emitting layer 562 is assumedto be made of Alq₃ and red dye (DCJTN), with a thickness of 20 nm. Theelectron transport layer 563 is assumed to be made of Alq₃, with athickness variable in a range of 10 nm to 200 nm. The electron injectionlayer 564 is assumed to be made of LiF, with a thickness of 0.5 nm. The second electrode 570 is assumed to be formed by an aluminum layerhaving a thickness of 80 nm. Table 1 shows values of the refractive index n (real part of complexrefractive index) and the attenuation coefficient k (imaginary part ofcomplex refractive index) of each of the layers used for the simulation,with respect to the g-line (wavelength of 436 nm), F-line (wavelength of486 nm), d-line (wavelength of 588 nm), and C-line (wavelength of 656nm). These values indicate results measured by the ellipsometry. TABLE 1 Complex Refractive g-Line F-Line d-Line C-Line Layer Index 436nm 486 nm 588 nm 656 nm Transparent n 1.528 1.523 1.517 1.515 Substratek 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 Light n 1.993 1.968 1.938 1.927Scattering k 9.1E−07 7.6E−08 1.7E−09 2.6E−10 Layer First Layer n 1.7461.725 1.702 1.693 k 4.0E−05 3.1E−05 2.2E−05 1.8E−05 Second n 2.464 2.4062.344 2.321 Layer k 3.7E−04 3.9E−05 7.6E−07 8.6E−08 First n 2.086 2.0421.962 1.909 Electrode k 1.5E−02 1.5E−02 1.8E−02 2.2E−02 (Bottom Part)First n 2.108 2.065 2.000 1.965 Electrode k 4.0E−03 5.7E−03 1.0E−021.5E−02 (Top Part) Hole n 1.962 1.886 1.808 1.782 Transport k 1.3E−043.4E−08 1.6E−13 3.6E−16 Layer Light n 1.777 1.698 1.682 1.661 Emitting k2.4E−02 2.3E−03 3.2E−03 0.0E+00 Layer Electron n 1.857 1.766 1.712 1.696Transport k 5.1E−02 0.0E+00 1.4E−03 1.7E−03 Layer Electron n 1.397 1.3951.392 1.391 Injection k 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 0.0E+00 Layer Second n0.808 1.098 1.606 2.023 Electrode k 6.1E+00 6.8E+00 7.9E+00 8.8E+00 The radiance (W/Sr·m²) of light emitted from the side of the transparentsubstrate 510 of the LED element 500 having the layer structureillustrated in FIG. 5, in a range of the wavelength of 400 nm to 800 nm,is calculated by simulation. The thickness of each of the layers havingthe variable thickness is added to a variable, and a combination of thethicknesses for a case in which a maximum radiance of light emitted isobtained in a direction perpendicular to the element is calculated inthe simulation. Actually, the light incident to the light scatteringlayer is scattered, and reflected at the interface between the lightscattering layer and the glass substrate, and thus, the luminance oflight perpendicularly emitted from the substrate and the luminance oflight perpendicularly incident to the light scattering layer do notmatch. However, it may be regarded that, when the luminance of lightperpendicularly incident to the light scattering layer is high, theluminance of light emitted to the atmosphere perpendicularly from thesubstrate also becomes high. In a case in which the element is formed onthe substrate having the glass scattering layer having the highrefractive index, the angle dependency of the emitted light follows theCos θ rule, and thus, it may be estimated that the amount of luminousflux of the emitted light as a whole is large when the luminance of thelight emitted in the perpendicular direction from the substrate is high. In addition, a SETFOS (vendor: Cybernet Systems) manufactured by FLUXiMis used for the simulation. (Results) The results of the simulation are shown in a column labeled “Case 3” inthe following Table 2. TABLE 2 Layer Thickness Hole Light Electron Electron First SecondTransport Emitting Transport Injection Calculated Result Layer LayerLayer Layer Layer Layer Radiance Case 530 (nm) 540 (nm) 561 (nm) 562(nm) 563 (nm) 564 (nm) (W/Sr · m²) Magnification Case 1 — — 85 20 70 0.59031 1 Case 2 — 70 90 20 70 0.5 10907 1.21 Case 3 300 70 85 20 70 0.511683 1.29 Table 2 shows the radiance of light emitted perpendicularly from theelement, for a case (Case 1) in which no first layer 530 and no secondlayer 540 are provided in FIG. 5, and also for a case (Case 2) in whichthe second layer 540 is provided but no first layer 530 is provided, forcomparison purposes. In addition, the column labeled “Magnification” foreach case indicates the magnification of the radiance for each case withreference to the radiance (W/Sr·m²) obtained for the Case 1. Furthermore, Table 2 also shows the thickness of each layer when themaximum radiance is obtained for each case. From Table 2, it may be seen that the radiance is improved toapproximately 1.3 times for the Case 3 provided with the first andsecond layers 530 and 540, when compared to the Case 1 in which no firstand second layers 530 and 540 are provided. Hence, it may be confirmedthat the radiance (W/Sr·m²) of the light emitted from the side of thetransparent substrate 510 greatly improves by the provision of the firstand second layers 530 and 540. Practical Example 2 The light extraction characteristic of the LED element in accordancewith the embodiment is evaluated by a method similar to that for thepractical example 1. FIG. 6 is a cross sectional view schematically illustrating thestructure of the LED element used for simulation. As illustrated in FIG. 6, an LED element 600 used in this practicalexample 2 includes a transparent substrate 610, a light scattering layer620, a first layer 630, a second layer 640, a first electrode 650, anorganic light emitting layer 660, and a second electrode 670 that arestacked in this order. This LED element 600 is an example of a greenlight emitting element. The transparent substrate 610 is assumed to be made of soda-lime. Inaddition, the light scattering layer 620 is assumed to be made of aglass base material including, in mol % representation, 23.9% of P₂O₅,12.4% of B₂O₃, 5.2% of Li₂O, 15.6% of Bi₂O₃, 16.4% of Nb₂O₅, 21.6% ofZnO, and 4.9% of ZrO₂. Because the transparent substrate 610 and thelight scattering layer 620 may be regarded as being media for finallyoutputting light, as described above, thicknesses thereof are assumed tobe 0. The first layer 630 is assumed to be made of titanium oxide (TiO₂), witha thickness of 300 nm. The second layer 640 is assumed to be made of titanium zirconium complexoxide (TiZr_(x)O_(y)), with a thickness variable in a range of 10 nm to200 nm. The first electrode 650 is assumed to have a 2-layer structure includinga first layer 651 and a second layer 652, both made of ITO. In addition,the thickness of both layers is assumed to be 75 nm. The organic light emitting layer 660 is assumed to have a 3-layerstructure including a hole transport layer 661, a light emitting layer662, and an electron injection layer 663. The hole transport layer 661 is assumed to be made of NPD, with athickness variable in a range of 10 nm to 200 nm. The light emittinglayer 662 is assumed to be made of Alq₃, with a thickness variable in arange of 10 nm to 200 nm. The electron injection layer 663 is assumed tobe made of LiF, with a thickness of 0.5 nm. The second electrode 670 is assumed to be formed by an aluminum layerhaving a thickness of 80 nm. (Results) The results of the simulation are shown in a column labeled “Case 6” inthe following Table 3. TABLE 3 Layer Thickness Hole Light Electron First Second TransportEmitting Injection Calculated Result Layer Layer Layer Layer LayerRadiance Case 630 (nm) 640 (nm) 661 (nm) 662 (nm) 664 (nm) (W/Sr · m²)Magnification Case 4 — — 75 70 0.5 14950 1 Case 5 — 45 65 70 0.5 163581.09 Case 6 300 45 65 70 0.5 16683 1.12 Table 3 shows the radiance of light emitted perpendicularly from theelement, for a case (Case 4) in which no first layer 630 and no secondlayer 640 are provided in FIG. 6, and also for a case (Case 5) in whichthe second layer 640 is provided but no first layer 630 is provided, forcomparison purposes. In addition, the column labeled “Magnification” foreach case indicates the magnification of the radiance for each case withreference to the radiance (W/Sr·m²) obtained for the Case 4. Furthermore, Table 3 also shows the thickness of each layer when themaximum radiance is obtained for each case. From Table 3, it may be seen that the radiance is improved toapproximately 1.1 times for the Case 6 provided with the first andsecond layers 630 and 640, when compared to the Case 4 in which no firstand second layers 630 and 640 are provided. Hence, it may be confirmedthat the radiance (W/Sr·m²) of the light emitted from the side of thetransparent substrate 610 greatly improves by the provision of the firstand second layers 630 and 640. The present invention may provide an organic EL element in which thelight emitting efficiency is improved when compared to that of theconventional case. The present invention may also provide a translucentsubstrate for use in such an organic EL element, and a method ofmanufacturing an organic LED element. The present invention may be applied to the organic EL element that isused in light emitting devices and the like. The organic EL element and the translucent substrate are described abovewith reference to the embodiments, however, it may be apparent to thoseskilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to theabove embodiments, and various variations and modifications may be madewithout departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. What is claimed is: 1. An organic LED element comprising: a transparentsubstrate; a light scattering layer formed on the transparent substrate;a transparent first electrode formed on the light scattering layer; anorganic light emitting layer formed on the first electrode; and a secondelectrode formed on the organic light emitting layer, wherein the lightscattering layer includes a base material made of glass, and a pluralityof scattering substances dispersed in the base material, wherein thelight scattering layer has a refractive index [N″] greater than arefractive index [N′] of the transparent substrate; a first layer and asecond layer are arranged between the light scattering layer and thefirst electrode, such that the first layer is closer to the lightscattering layer than the second layer; the first layer is made of amaterial other than molten glass, and has a first refractive index N₁;the second layer is made of a material other than the molten glass, andhas a second refractive index N₂; the first refractive index N₁ isgreater than the refractive index [N′] of the transparent substrate; andthe second refractive index N₂ is greater than each of the refractiveindex [N′] of the transparent substrate, the refractive index [N″] ofthe light scattering layer, and the first refractive index N. 2. Theorganic LED element as claimed in claim 1, wherein the refractive index[N″] of the light scattering layer is greater than the first refractiveindex N. 3. The organic LED element as claimed in claim 1, wherein atleast one of the first layer and the second layer is made of a metaloxide. 4. A translucent substrate comprising: a transparent substrate; alight scattering layer formed on the transparent substrate; a firstlayer formed on the light scattering layer; a second layer formed on thefirst layer; and a transparent first electrode formed on the secondlayer; wherein the light scattering layer includes a base material madeof glass, and a plurality of scattering substances dispersed in the basematerial, wherein the light scattering layer has a refractive index [N″]greater than a refractive index [N′] of the transparent substrate; thefirst layer is made of a material other than molten glass, and has afirst refractive index N₁; the second layer is made of a material otherthan the molten glass, and has a second refractive index N₂; the firstrefractive index N₁ is greater than the refractive index [N′] of thetransparent substrate; and the second refractive index N₂ is greaterthan each of the refractive index [N′] of the transparent substrate, therefractive index [N″] of the light scattering layer, and the firstrefractive index N. 5. The translucent substrate as claimed in claim 4,wherein the refractive index [N″] of the light scattering layer isgreater than the first refractive index N₁. 6. The translucent substrateas claimed in claim 4, wherein at least one of the first layer and thesecond layer is made of a metal oxide. 7. A method of manufacturing anorganic LED element comprising a transparent substrate, a lightscattering layer formed on the transparent substrate, a transparentfirst electrode formed on the light scattering layer, an organic lightemitting layer formed on the first electrode, and a second electrodeformed on the organic light emitting layer, the method comprising:forming a first layer and a second layer between the light scatteringlayer and the first electrode; wherein the first layer is formed by awet coating process at a position closer to the light scattering layerthan the second layer, using a material other than molten glass andhaving a first refractive index N₁; the second layer is formed using amaterial other than the molten glass and having a second refractiveindex N₂; the light scattering layer includes a base material made ofglass, and a plurality of scattering substances dispersed in the basematerial, and has a refractive index [N″] greater than a refractiveindex [N′] of the transparent substrate; the first refractive index N₁is greater than the refractive index [N′] of the transparent substrate;and the second refractive index N₂ is greater than each of therefractive index [N′] of the transparent substrate, the refractive index[N″] of the light scattering layer, and the first refractive index N. 8.The method of manufacturing the organic LED element as claimed in claim7, wherein the refractive index [N″] of the light scattering layer isgreater than the first refractive index N₁. 9. The method ofmanufacturing the organic LED element as claimed in claim 7, wherein atleast one of the first layer and the second layer is made of a metaloxide..

https://github.com/kitiv/DeepFaceLive/blob/master/apps/DeepFaceLive/ui/widgets/QBackendPanel.py

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

DeepFaceLive

kitiv

Python

Code

from localization import L from PyQt6.QtCore import * from PyQt6.QtGui import * from PyQt6.QtWidgets import * from resources.fonts import QXFontDB from resources.gfx import QXImageDB, QXImageSequenceDB from xlib import qt as lib_qt from ...backend import BackendHost class QBackendPanel(lib_qt.QXWidget): """ Base panel for CSW backend """ def __init__(self, backend : BackendHost, name : str, layout, content_align_top=False): if not isinstance(backend, BackendHost): raise ValueError('backend must be an instance of BackendHost') super().__init__() self._backend = backend self._name = name backend.call_on_state_change(self._on_backend_state_change) backend.call_on_profile_timing(self._on_backend_profile_timing) btn_on_off = self._btn_on_off = lib_qt.QXPushButton(tooltip_text=L('@QBackendPanel.start'), fixed_width=20, released=self._on_btn_on_off_released) btn_reset_state = self._btn_reset_state = lib_qt.QXPushButton(image=QXImageDB.settings_reset_outline('gray'), #size_policy=(QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed, QSizePolicy.Policy.Minimum), fixed_width=20, released=self._on_btn_reset_state_released, tooltip_text=L('@QBackendPanel.reset_settings') ) timing_label = self._timing_label = lib_qt.QXLabel() bar_widget = self._bar_widget = \ lib_qt.QXFrame(layout=lib_qt.QXHBoxLayout([ lib_qt.QXWidget(layout=lib_qt.QXHBoxLayout([ btn_on_off, 1, btn_reset_state, 2, lib_qt.QXLabel(name, font=QXFontDB.get_default_font(10)), (timing_label, Qt.AlignmentFlag.AlignRight), 2 ]), fixed_height=24), ]), size_policy=(QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Policy.Fixed) ) content_widget = self._content_widget = lib_qt.QXFrame(layout=lib_qt.QXHBoxLayout([layout], contents_margins=2), enabled=False ) l_widgets = [bar_widget, 1] if not content_align_top: l_widgets += [ lib_qt.QXFrame(size_policy=(QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding) ) ] l_widgets += [content_widget] l_widgets += [ lib_qt.QXFrame(size_policy=(QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Policy.Expanding) ) ] self.setLayout(lib_qt.QXVBoxLayout(l_widgets)) lib_qt.disable([self._content_widget]) btn_on_off.set_image( QXImageDB.power_outline('red') ) def _on_backend_state_change(self, backend, started, starting, stopping, stopped, busy): btn_on_off = self._btn_on_off if started or starting or stopping: btn_on_off.setToolTip(L('@QBackendPanel.stop')) if stopped: btn_on_off.setToolTip(L('@QBackendPanel.start')) if busy or starting or stopping: btn_on_off.set_image_sequence(QXImageSequenceDB.icon_loading('yellow'), loop_count=0) elif started: btn_on_off.set_image( QXImageDB.power_outline('lime') ) elif stopped: btn_on_off.set_image( QXImageDB.power_outline('red') ) if started and not busy: lib_qt.show_and_enable([self._content_widget, self._timing_label]) self._timing_label.setText(None) else: lib_qt.hide_and_disable([self._content_widget, self._timing_label]) self._timing_label.setText(None) def _on_backend_profile_timing(self, timing : float): fps = int(1.0 / timing if timing != 0 else 0) if fps < 10: self._timing_label.set_color('red') else: self._timing_label.set_color(None) self._timing_label.setText(f"{fps} {L('@QBackendPanel.FPS')}") def _on_btn_on_off_released(self): backend = self._backend if backend.is_stopped(): backend.start() else: backend.stop() def _on_btn_reset_state_released(self): self._backend.reset_state()

http://data.theeuropeanlibrary.org/BibliographicResource/3000051852388 http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers/issue/3000051852388 http://anno.onb.ac.at/cgi-content/annoshow?call=apr|18590414|1|10.0|0 http://www.theeuropeanlibrary.org/tel4/newspapers/issue/fullscreen/3000051852388_3

Europeana

Open Culture

Public Domain

Die Presse

None

German

Spoken

der billigste u. haltbarste Anstrich fürHolzu.Eisen. Pr. Ctr. IS fl. Oe. W. ohne Gebwte. Derselbe schütztHolzi Eisen vor Rost, trocki vor Fäulniß u. »et sehr schnell und gibt einen sehr schönen Glanz. Besonder» znm Anstrich für Schin del- und Blechdächer geeignet, des gleichen bei Erd-, Wasser- und Brli-- cke»ba»te». I8S1 Bestellungen werden in der Haupt- Niederlage von KMI/ KMlv, Stadt, Lobtowitzplatz Nr. 1100, angenommen. Französisch ».Italienisch die kansmännische Correspondenz mit fran zösischem oder italienischem Vortrage unter richtet ein wifsenschastl'ch gebildeter Spiach- meister in und außer dem Hause. Zu spre chen tWich von IS bis S Uhr: Alservor- stadt, Wäbringergaffe, Haus Nr. AS, im s. Stock, Thür »ir. is. s«47 in Nr. ss? find Wohnungen wohlfeil zu miethen. zigz Will« z« vermiethep, »ne Stunde von Neustadt, in der Nähe von Frohsdo'.s, bMehend aus einem Haupt - aebäude mit zwei Salon», zehn Zimmer»^ Vorzimmern nnd Küchen zc., einem Schwei zerhause mit süns Zimmern, Küche !c. und Stauungen für sech» bi» «cht Werde. Beide Gebäude tefkiden stch in «wem großen Parke mit angrenzendem WaUe und find vollständig und elegaiit eingerichtet. Sie werden zusammen oder auch einzeln ver- miethet. Auskunft: Stadt, Eckhau» der Äohaime»- gasse !:w, s. Stock, recht». isss Ein Compagnon LV7? i " einer baren Einlage von ' mit vollkommener genügen-» sür ein sehr reu- ' > table» keiner Mode unterliegende» M und schon seit ?n Iabren alt rMom- W mirtcS und solide» Geschäft Milcht; W ! demselben wird auch die admimstra- «k ! tive Leiwng übertragen. Reflectirende M wollen fich unter der Chiffre k. 8. 7K, posts rostantv lnetden.M Ein im besten Betriebe stehende» W a i»Z It i8° mit einem k. k. Privilegium, wird unter den günstigsten Beoingniffw allsogleich verlauft. Da» Näher« au» Gefälligkeit in der Aiseivorstadt, Hauptstraße 1SS, I. Stock, lmk», von 12 bis 3 Uhr Mittag». S1(w zu verlausen, sehr nahe der Mariahilfer Hauptstraße, im beste» Bauziistand-, sehr sreundlicher Lage, 2 Stock hoch, großen Hof, Garten mit ge mauerte« Lusthau», Stallung und Wagen- schupfe. Preis SS.VW fl. CM., und trägt reine 5 Percent; die Hälfte könnte liege» bleibe» " Da» Nähere -u» besonderer Gefälligkeit in der Lei«wäsch-H»»dw»g, »zum rothen Apfel", Stadt, Bognergasse. Mahlmiihlc-Verkauf. Im Markte Pnrgstall B. O. W. W.. an dem Erlauffluß ist «ine mit Maschinen ein gerichtete M-hlnckhle, von bedeutender Wasserkraft, mit Fund»» SastructiiS uitt vortheilhasten Bedingungen zu verkaufen. Nähere» beim Eigenthümer: Joseph Eibl, Nr. SS daselbst. ZVW An» dem Fürst Liechtenstein'schen Stalle in FeldSberg werde» drei verläßlich- und erprobt ausdauernde Jagbpferde edler Ge stüt-Abkunft, IS Faust S Zoft hoch, brauu von Farbe, die auch sür da« k. k. Militär sogleich benützt werde» könne«, au» freier Hand »crlansl. L0S4 Stallamt Feld»berg, am 10. April lssg. SW« Partie Falbstem mit und ohne Tische für BuchdruSereien, Lithographien, Spiel- karten-Fabrike», Anstreicher n. f. w., von verschiedenen Größen, mit seinem Schliff uud sehr gut erhalten, wird billigst verlaust: Weißgärber, obere Äärtnergaffe lis, beim Portier. Verpachtung. Mit Ende August d. I. endet der Pachl- contract de» ReNaurateur» der Reichenber- aer Ressouce. Die Lecale der Resssure-Ge- sellschaft, welche au» mehreren hundert Mitgliedern besteht, umfassen im l. Stock de» Gebäude»» für Uiiterhaltuiigizwecki « Zimmer mit Salon, und find eeenrrdig ebenso viel« MuMkchkÄk«»,» offeutlicher GaWahrnng, in welcher auch Taiij-ltntir- haltnug«» und Concerte stattfinden können, — damit verbunden, sowie nebstbei ei», mit einer elegaMca Veranda versehener Garten. Bei dem Comfort der durchaus mit Ga» beleuchteten Locsle, sowie zweier Billard» und beste Lage, Mitte der Stadt, erfreut sich diese Gastnahrung der größten Frequenz, und werden Pachtbel»erber er sucht, bi» 15. Juni d. I. fich bei dir Di rektion der Reicheuberger ResZonre, an welche die Zuschütten zu richten find, die näheren Bediuanifse einzuholen. Ml« Reichenberg in Böhmen, April 18S». In Z7SS in einer der belebtesten Straßen ist ein mit neuem Portal und Stel lagen ausgestattetes Gewölbe über die ganze Cursaison zu vermietben. Auskunst bei A. Meint-s Er- be«, Bauernmarkt 576, 1. Stock Bei Leopold Abele», Baumwollwaaren- Fabrikax.t in Roth-Kosteletz ist die Stelle eine» MV2 >v ei88Usareit-LppreteM8> der gut schreiben, lehn und rechnen ^aun, uii! gilten Zeugnissen versehen ist, mit Z. Juni d. I. zu besetzen. Fra?,knte Offerte nrter obiger Adrefie werden sofort erledigt. AntragBitte. Ein Beamter sucht Beschäftigung in freien Rachmittagsstunden von 8 Uhr an. Erprobte Av«inistratwnS - Fähigkeit, mercantilische Kenntnisse, gewandte Feder (gewesener Correspondent eines Wicncr Bankhauses), pT-act^sche Berwe^cb^rleir. Bürgichast jeder Ärl. Zu'christen unter der ChiAe I.., Iu- denplatz Nr. 343, beim Portier. 2W3 Heute Donnerstag: Letzte VorstMmg im Salon Lokänssr. ÄiikitllA 7 — Lllcks '/iio vdr. Leopoldstadt, große Fuhr- Mannsgasse. Donnerstag den 14. April. Kreat »tveple «I,»»« , oder. Die englische Hlrschjagd, ganz neu arrsngirt, naturgetreu, wie selbige iu England ausgeführt wird, von sämmlichen Herr?» nnd Damen mit einigen Pferden, iu welcher die Reiter und Reiterinne« mit ihren Pferdes die bis zum Gipfel stei genden CaScaden überspringen, und einen lebenden Hirsch verfolge» werden. Zum Anfang: Der BersammlungSplatz, und zum Schluß: Große» Uallalt und Tableau bei bengalischer Beleuchtung. — ErokeS orientalische» Tableau mit s eigen» in dieser Art dresfirten Pferden von s Herren ausgeführt. — Der ganz seu dreifirte Hengst Il.jslin» . geritten von E. Rcnz, — SleKiis, arabischer Rapphengst, vorgeführt von E. Renz. — Der arabische Schimmelhcsgst ge- ritlen von Mlle. Mathilde Monet. Herr ^«enne al» vorzüglicher Force- uud Groteikreiter. — li» vr»oo- <!-illss xciloiruaiss xirr Wlo. v-i- tilöliae " AZklle. Lonise Loisset in ihren außerordentlichen NückwärtZ-Evo- Ilitioneu nnd BallonS-Sprüngen. — l.« Ansang 7 Uhr. Ende nach S llhr. Morgen: Vorstellung. IZ. 51^9 Director. MsateruiMieu. Bom lt. April. Kofd»rgthe«trr. Er »yill'K nicht ander». Der W«g »urch'S Fenster. Der Stiefvater. AZrntnerthortheater. ii. ltalimische Opern-Borstellu:^. ll »srdiere ckl SlviKKt» Älelock'smw» duSo !a äus attl. ö äe! SiZi'. KlsKstro . (-Lokedwo Rossini. T«rlth«SW. Jungfer Nachbarin. Meine Tante — Deine Tante. Biirgermeisterwalsl ia Krähwinkel. Theater a. d. AUn. Zum VortheÜ». de» kranken Komiker» I o- han» Grün. Zum erstenmale: Eine inner« Stimme. Original-Lebensbild mit Gesang, in S Acten, von Johann Grün. Leo Hartuic»in,-Hr. Findeisen fen. Frln, Elife Pokorny. Wilhelm, Hr. K» Walter, Hr. Grimm. Tiliurtiu», Hr. Z bod» im>. Betti, Frln. Schiller. Jammer, Hr. Röhriiig. Schnupflcr, Hr. Zchierlsug. Länipilfellner, Hr. Rott. Äaibarina,' Fr. Lt'liuietfcli. Ntischhoser, Wirth, Hr. Winter. Theater i. d. Joskphstadt. Unter Mitwirkung der chinesischen Zwerge. Die versierten Pagode». SelegeuheitSschwauk in einem Act, von C. F. Stix. Hieraus: Die goldene Sauderrpse, oder: «ol»»- btnen» Klsch«. G--Z-« Aaubsr-Pamomime is » Mrdeiliis- geu uud einem B-rsptele, von 8. Kiltvyz. A. Za»^. — BcrswtMÄAcher RevMm: Joseph Mitter. — Druck und Bnkag von^J. Ludw.igku.. A. Za.ng wZWttN.

1d5ebc53a4c38bbbc39a6362a407dd38

French Open Data

Open Government

Various open data

HCEformationdesmaitres.pdf

ife.ens-lyon.fr

French

Spoken

RECOMMANDATIONS DU HAUT CONSEIL DE L’EDUCATION POUR LA FORMATION DES MAITRES I) Les principes directeurs 1 2 3 4 5 - 6 - 7 8 9 10 - II) Former au métier d’enseignant Garantir une solide culture disciplinaire à tous les enseignants Assurer une formation en lien avec le socle commun Se placer dans la perspective européenne Eclairer la diffusion des pratiques didactiques et pédagogiques par les résultats de la recherche Associer systématiquement formation sur le terrain et formation universitaire en deuxième année d’IUFM Renforcer la formation professionnelle initiale Ouvrir la formation sur la société Rendre obligatoire la formation continue Passer un véritable contrat de confiance avec les universités Les conditions du succès 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - Des cursus universitaires qui préparent mieux au métier avant les concours - Une expérience des métiers qu’ils enseignent pour les professeurs de la voie professionnelle - La révision de certains éléments des concours de recrutement - Une deuxième année de formation en IUFM plus longue - Une titularisation qui garantit la maîtrise de toutes les compétences professionnelles - La poursuite de la formation initiale au cours des deux premières années d’exercice - L’obtention de crédits ECTS de master - Des formateurs compétents, dans tous les lieux de formation - Des observatoires universitaires des pratiques pédagogiques - Une collaboration étroite entre universités III) Le référentiel des dix compétences professionnelles des enseignants 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 - Compétence disciplinaire et culturelle Compétence en langue française Compétence à concevoir son enseignement Compétence à prendre en compte la diversité des élèves Compétence à gérer la classe Compétence à évaluer les élèves Compétence en technologies de l’information et de la communication Compétence à travailler en équipe et à coopérer avec tous les partenaires de l’Ecole - Compétence à réfléchir sur sa pratique, à innover, à se former - Compétence à agir de façon éthique et responsable dans le cadre du service public de l’éducation Conformément à la Loi d’orientation et de programme pour l’avenir de l’Ecole du 23 avril 2005, chacun des 31 Instituts universitaires de formation des maîtres sera intégré à une université et assimilé à une école en faisant partie. Cette réforme implique des changements d’ordre statutaire et budgétaire, ainsi qu’une autre gouvernance. La formation des maîtres elle-même doit être fixée par un cahier des charges pour lequel le présent document formule des recommandations, en tenant compte notamment des exigences du socle commun. L’enjeu est d’autant plus important que, pendant au moins dix ans, le pays recrutera de 30 à 40 000 nouveaux enseignants par an. Le mode de recrutement des enseignants titulaires est le concours, par tradition républicaine d’égalité. La place de ce concours dans le cursus n’ayant pas été modifiée par la loi d’avril 2005, le Haut Conseil de l’Education en a pris acte et a raisonné dans ce cadre. Que les professeurs exercent dans l’enseignement public ou dans l’enseignement privé sous contrat, les principes directeurs de leur formation doivent être les mêmes. Ils sont soumis, dans l’exercice de leur métier, à des obligations et à des responsabilités particulières. Le dispositif à mettre en place ne doit pas être conçu uniquement en fonction des exigences propres aux voies générales : au total, plus de 700 000 élèves sont en second cycle professionnel ; 40 % des élèves s’engagent dans la voie professionnelle à leur sortie du collège. Les recommandations du Haut Conseil de l’Education pour la formation des maîtres concernent également, pour l’essentiel, la formation des conseillers principaux d’éducation même si des aménagements doivent tenir compte des particularités du métier, comme pour les documentalistes. Le Haut Conseil estime aussi que l’intégration des IUFM aux universités peut être l’occasion de rapprocher la formation des conseillers d’orientationpsychologues de celle des autres personnels d’éducation et d’enseignement. 1 I) Les principes directeurs ►1 – Former au métier d’enseignant Le professeur doit être un professionnel de l’enseignement de sa ou de ses disciplines à des groupes d’élèves. Nul ne devrait être en charge d’une classe sans avoir été formé sur le plan professionnel. Enseigner est un métier ; de bonnes connaissances disciplinaires ne suffisent pas à faire un bon enseignant. Même un titulaire d’une licence de lettres, par exemple, s’il ne connaît rien de l’apprentissage de la lecture et de ses obstacles, sera impuissant face aux élèves en difficulté devant la lecture. Le métier de professeur exige des connaissances disciplinaires, mais il s’y réduit d’autant moins que les conditions d’exercice de ce métier ont beaucoup changé, du fait des évolutions de la société et des transformations des publics scolaires. Faire apprendre, conduire une classe, ou entretenir des relations confiantes avec les parents, rien ne doit être laissé au hasard de l’inné ou du charisme. Agir de la meilleure façon face à un élève incapable de maintenir son attention sur une tâche scolaire, face à un groupe indifférent ou agité, ou à un parent démuni devant l’échec de son enfant, cela s’apprend. La formation disciplinaire d’un côté, et la bonne volonté et de réelles qualités humaines de l’autre ne suffisent pas si l’on veut faire réussir tous les élèves. Pour concilier enseignement de masse et élévation du niveau, le Haut Conseil de l’Education propose de raisonner, comme certains de nos voisins, en termes de compétences professionnelles des enseignants. Cette approche offre l’avantage de fixer des objectifs clairs à la formation. Pour être titularisé, tout étudiant-stagiaire devra maîtriser, à la fin de sa formation initiale, les compétences requises pour enseigner. La titularisation est du ressort de l’Etat-employeur qui recrute les professeurs et doit se montrer exigeant : en général, un professeur est recruté pour quarante ans au moins. Une ouverture du corps professoral à des hommes et des femmes ayant exercé d’autres activités est souhaitable. Cette souplesse dans le recrutement doit s’accompagner d’une très grande rigueur du point de vue des exigences professionnelles : des compétences acquises dans une ou plusieurs disciplines par la pratique d’un métier ne peuvent dispenser de la formation à cet autre métier qu’est celui d’enseignant. Tout futur professeur, quel que soit son parcours antérieur et quel que soit son lieu d’exercice (y compris le secteur de l’apprentissage), doit être formé au métier d’enseignant. ►2 – Garantir une solide culture disciplinaire à tous les enseignants Outre la maîtrise de la langue française et une bonne culture générale, tout professeur doit avoir une connaissance approfondie et élargie de ce qu’il enseigne. C’est aux universités de garantir la qualité de ces acquis pour tous les étudiants qui se destinent au métier de professeur. 2 Si une bonne culture générale est indispensable pour donner sens aux programmes à enseigner, on attend d’un professeur, à quelque niveau que ce soit, la maîtrise de la langue française, ainsi que vient de le rappeler le décret sur le socle commun : tout professeur doit en effet concourir à l’apprentissage de la langue par les élèves et à son évaluation. Un enseignant doit dominer ce qu’il enseigne. - La polyvalence caractéristique du métier de professeur des écoles nécessite une formation pluridisciplinaire. Tout titulaire d’une licence peut se présenter au concours de professeur des écoles, mais il est difficile pour un titulaire d’une licence de philosophie ou de droit, et même d’une licence de mathématiques ou de lettres, de se mettre à niveau dans toutes les disciplines enseignées à l’école, et ce en une seule année, celle de la préparation au concours. Les lacunes sont inévitables, et elles sont à l’heure actuelle préoccupantes, en particulier pour les sciences. - Au collège et au lycée, tous les professeurs ont besoin d’une culture générale disciplinaire approfondie et élargie : un professeur de français, par exemple, doit pouvoir mobiliser, dans l’exercice de son métier, des connaissances en histoire, dans les arts ou les littératures étrangères ; au collège, ont été définis des thèmes communs à plusieurs disciplines scientifiques dont les professeurs sont invités à coordonner leurs enseignements, voire à intervenir ensemble devant les élèves, ce qui demande une large culture scientifique et technique. D’ailleurs, les approches pluridisciplinaires sont fondamentales pour l’acquisition des compétences par les élèves. - Outre cette culture disciplinaire, les professeurs des enseignements professionnels doivent avoir une connaissance directe, personnelle et récente du ou des métiers auxquels ils forment leurs élèves : ces élèves ont vocation à s’insérer rapidement sur le marché du travail, et leur scolarité se fait en alternance, avec des périodes en entreprise. ►3 – Assurer une formation en lien avec le socle commun Les professeurs doivent bien connaître les exigences du socle commun et ses liens avec les programmes ; leur formation doit leur permettre de contribuer à la maîtrise des compétences du socle par tous les élèves. L’Education nationale s’est engagée à ce que tous les élèves parviennent à la maîtrise des compétences du socle commun à la fin de leur scolarité obligatoire. Tous les professeurs du second degré doivent donc être formés à l’enseignement du socle dès lors que leur discipline est concernée par la scolarité obligatoire. S’intéresser aux résultats des élèves en termes de compétences requiert plus d’interdisciplinarité, un travail d’équipe, une autre pratique de l’évaluation, un enseignement différencié, etc. – et donc une formation adaptée. De plus, le socle commun impose de lutter contre l’échec scolaire avec une détermination renouvelée. Les élèves qui ne parviennent pas aujourd’hui à apprendre avec les méthodes habituelles peuvent accéder aux apprentissages fondamentaux pourvu que les professeurs 3 soient en mesure de comprendre les causes de l’échec et d’y remédier. Le socle doit pouvoir être acquis par tous les élèves, quelle que soit leur situation, par les seuls moyens de l’Ecole. C’est la condition pour corriger au niveau de la scolarité obligatoire les conséquences des inégalités sociales et économiques. ►4 – Se placer dans la perspective européenne La formation en IUFM, dorénavant formation universitaire, doit s’inscrire dans le cadre européen des cursus universitaires. La construction de « l’espace européen de l’enseignement supérieur » passe par la reconnaissance mutuelle des formations d’enseignants dans les différents Etats parties prenantes du processus de Bologne. L’objectif est de faciliter la mobilité des étudiants comme des diplômés à l’intérieur de l’espace européen : la formation reçue en France par les enseignants devra leur ouvrir des perspectives de carrière dans d’autres pays européens. Intégrer les IUFM aux universités, c’est aller dans le sens de l’harmonisation du système européen d’enseignement supérieur : chez la plupart de nos voisins, c’est en effet dans les universités que sont formés les futurs enseignants. Cette intégration donnera tout son sens au « U » de « IUFM » - « Institut universitaire de formation des maîtres ». Elle permettra aussi d’inscrire la formation des maîtres dans le cadre du cursus « LicenceMaster-Doctorat » (LMD), comme cela est en train de se faire pour d’autres formations professionnelles (ingénieurs, médecins…) : la formation en IUFM, comme toute formation universitaire, devra pouvoir donner lieu à la délivrance de crédits-ECTS (European Credit Transfer System, « système européen de transfert et d’accumulation de crédits ») de master. ►5 – Eclairer la diffusion des pratiques didactiques et pédagogiques par les résultats de la recherche La formation des maîtres, qui doit proposer des pratiques de référence, a besoin de se nourrir des résultats de la recherche. L’Ecole est confrontée à un nombre inacceptable d’échecs non surmontés. Afin qu’ils acquièrent de « bonnes pratiques » didactiques et pédagogiques, il est essentiel de donner aux jeunes professeurs des guides précis et concrets, des savoir-faire efficients dans l’action quotidienne : il faut leur montrer ce qui « marche » et ce qui « ne marche pas », autant de repères qui leur permettront d’user au mieux de leur liberté pédagogique, repères qui sont des exemples et des recommandations, non des prescriptions visant à la standardisation des pratiques. La transmission des pratiques qui réussissent par des collègues plus expérimentés constitue une dimension fondamentale de la formation et elle doit le rester. Il reste que les pratiques didactiques et pédagogiques actuelles sont adaptées aux bons élèves, et certaines habitudes, considérées comme bonnes, peuvent avoir des conséquences négatives pour les élèves en difficulté. On peut croire introduire une émulation bénéfique en donnant les notes à voix haute quand on rend les copies, classées en ordre croissant ou décroissant, sans mesurer l’incidence de cette façon d’agir sur les élèves. Les pratiques 4 courantes ne sont pas neutres, ainsi que le montrent des travaux de recherche. La méconnaissance de ces travaux fait que se perpétuent des pratiques inadaptées et laisse les professeurs désarmés face aux blocages. L’expérience du terrain ne suffit pas pour apprendre le métier : en formation initiale professionnelle, on doit initier les maîtres à l’exploitation et à la transposition des résultats des recherches dans leur exercice quotidien du métier. C’est la raison pour laquelle, selon les « Principes européens » (Commission européenne2005), si l’on veut « améliorer les possibilités d’enseignement et d’apprentissage », la formation des maîtres gagne à s’appuyer sur les résultats de la recherche, qu’il s’agisse de la recherche disciplinaire comme de ce qu’on appelle la « recherche en éducation » (notamment la didactique des disciplines et les méthodes d’évaluation), c’est-à-dire la recherche dans les sciences et disciplines qui concourent à l’efficacité des pratiques didactiques et pédagogiques et à la réussite des élèves. ►6 – Associer systématiquement formation sur le terrain et formation universitaire en deuxième année d’IUFM La formation professionnelle s’effectue en alternance, à l’université et dans les établissements scolaires ; elle doit être partout à la fois pratique et théorique. Des savoirs déconnectés de la pratique sont inutiles pour la formation, et, symétriquement, les situations rencontrées sur le terrain ne sont pleinement formatrices que si elles sont analysées à l’aide d’outils conceptuels. Mais la « formation théorique » ne revient pas à l’IUFM, et la « formation pratique » aux stages : - Les stages doivent être préparés, accompagnés, exploités par des formateurs de terrain associés à des formateurs d’IUFM et d’université, comme cela se fait dans nombre d’autres formations. - La formation en IUFM doit être en prise sur la réalité scolaire. Tous les formateurs, quel que soit leur statut, doivent avoir une expérience directe ou une connaissance des classes d’aujourd’hui, en particulier pour l’enseignement de la didactique disciplinaire : il appartiendra aux universités d’y veiller. La formation pédagogique ne doit pas être dispensée par disciplines, mais d’abord en fonction des thématiques en jeu dans les situations professionnelles rencontrées par les professeurs, à partir d’études de cas : la personne de l’élève, le groupe-classe, l’apprentissage (processus, motivation, difficultés…), l’évaluation, la gestion des conflits, la lutte contre la violence, les relations avec les parents, la personne de l’enseignant, l’orientation, la diversité culturelle et le fait religieux, etc. Les formateurs, d’horizons divers, doivent travailler à plusieurs, croiser leurs regards, afin de ne pas séparer ce qui ne l’est pas dans la réalité. Il est essentiel que tous les formateurs, sur le terrain et en IUFM, travaillent ensemble et prennent en charge ensemble les étudiants-stagiaires : ils contribuent en effet à la construction des mêmes compétences et au va-et-vient entre ce que les étudiantsstagiaires apprennent et ce qu’ils vivent en situation de professeurs. 5 ►7 – Renforcer la formation professionnelle initiale La préparation au métier doit commencer avant et se poursuivre après la formation en deuxième année d’IUFM. La formation des maîtres est aujourd’hui soumise à de fortes contraintes : - Seule la deuxième année d’IUFM est consacrée pleinement à la formation professionnelle, et encore est-elle amputée de plusieurs semaines utiles. - Les stagiaires sont affectés aux postes disponibles indépendamment de toute logique de formation. - Les deux premières années d’exercice constituent une période décisive pour la carrière d’un professeur, mais l’affectation des enseignants ne tient pas compte de la nécessité de compléter la formation reçue en deuxième année d’IUFM. Si l’on veut assurer une véritable formation professionnelle à structure inchangée, il faut en élargir la durée. En amont, la formation universitaire doit prendre en compte le projet professionnel (voir II.1. « Des cursus universitaires avant les concours qui préparent mieux au métier »). En aval, la titularisation ne peut pas marquer la fin de la formation initiale, les premières années d’exercice du métier doivent y être incluses (voir II.6. « La poursuite de la formation initiale au cours des deux premières années d’exercice »). C’est pourquoi la formation en deuxième année d’IUFM doit être effectuée dans l’académie où le nouvel enseignant aura son premier poste. ►8 - Ouvrir la formation sur la société La formation des maîtres doit faire découvrir les partenaires de l’Ecole. L’ouverture vers le monde professionnel est une exigence : tout enseignant, quelle que soit sa spécialité, doit se sentir concerné par l’avenir professionnel de ses élèves. Si l’on veut que les professeurs puissent assurer leur mission d’orientation, il faut qu’ils aient tous une connaissance de la réalité économique, du marché de l’emploi, et de la diversité des métiers. L’initiation en IUFM (bases du fonctionnement des entreprises, rencontres avec des acteurs économiques…) doit obligatoirement être complétée par un stage en entreprise. Les professeurs sont également amenés à travailler avec les parents, et aussi avec les associations (soutien scolaire, associations culturelles, sportives…), les services sociaux, médicaux (orthophonistes, psychologues…), avec les collectivités territoriales, avec d’autres services de l’Etat (la justice, la police…), etc. Ils ne sont pas toujours bien formés à ce travail, alors que l’ouverture au contexte de l’Ecole est indispensable à un exercice efficace du métier ; là encore, la formation devrait comporter des cours et un stage. Une formation à la communication, avec des simulations de situations professionnelles, est essentielle : l’enseignement est aussi un métier de relation. Les stagiaires doivent être suffisamment préparés à savoir conduire un entretien (avec les parents notamment), à résoudre un conflit… 6 ►9 – Rendre obligatoire la formation continue Tous les professeurs ont besoin d’une formation continue tout au long de leur vie professionnelle. La formation initiale, aussi bonne soit-elle, a besoin d’être actualisée durant la carrière : les connaissances, les publics, les attentes de la Nation évoluent ; les métiers aussi, avec des conséquences particulièrement importantes pour les enseignements professionnels. La formation continue est reconnue au niveau européen comme une composante fondamentale du métier d’enseignant. Une formation continue adaptée à chacun doit être offerte, qu’il s’agisse d’enseignements - en IUFM ou dans un établissement scolaire -, ou de stages, notamment à l’étranger, en laboratoire ou en entreprise, à raison d’un trimestre au moins tous les cinq ans par exemple pour les professeurs des disciplines liées aux métiers de la voie professionnelle et aux évolutions des technologies. Cette formation obligatoire doit être prise en compte dans le déroulement de la carrière, et pouvoir le cas échéant être validée au niveau universitaire. ►10 – Passer un véritable contrat de confiance avec les universités Les universités sont désormais responsables de la totalité de la formation des maîtres ; leurs résultats seront évalués de manière indépendante. La réforme ne portera ses fruits que si la Nation fait confiance aux universités. C’est pourquoi le cahier des charges fixera les objectifs du programme de formation des maîtres, mais pas sa structure horaire ni son organisation temporelle, par exemple : c’est aux universités d’élaborer des plans de formation qui permettent d’atteindre les objectifs fixés, c’est-à-dire de construire les compétences professionnelles du métier d’enseignant, dont le référentiel sera donné par le cahier des charges. Ce mode de pilotage est de nature à renforcer la politique contractuelle entre l’Etat et les universités. Suivant la méthode adoptée pour la mise en place du LMD, le Ministère définit des orientations générales et habilite les formations proposées, mais l’initiative est laissée aux universités pour construire les formations. Le nouveau statut des IUFM exige de renforcer les liens entre les universités et le recteur. Ce dernier, représentant l’Etat-employeur, est concerné au premier chef - dans l’intérêt des élèves - par la qualité de la formation des maîtres. En tant que Chancelier des universités, il assiste de droit au conseil d’administration de l’université dont l’IUFM est une composante. Les relations entre l’université et l’académie feront l’objet d’une convention-cadre qui précisera, le cas échéant, les relations avec les autres établissements d’enseignement supérieur partenaires. Le président du conseil qui administre l’IUFM, choisi parmi les personnalités extérieures selon les dispositions de la loi du 26 janvier 1984 sur l’enseignement supérieur devra bénéficier d’une autorité et d’une légitimité incontestables, aux yeux de toutes les parties prenantes. Par ailleurs, le Haut Conseil de l’Education préconise que, pour des raisons d’efficacité, l’effectif du conseil ne dépasse pas une vingtaine de personnes. 7 Ce pilotage requiert des procédures d’évaluation obligatoires et efficaces. L’évaluation sera faite, dans les délais prévus par la loi pour l’avenir de l’Ecole, par l’Agence d’évaluation de la recherche et de l’enseignement supérieur (AERES), en accord avec les principes européens récemment adoptés. Le Haut Conseil de l’Education sera attentif aux méthodes, aux modalités et aux résultats de cette évaluation. II) Les conditions du succès ►1 - Des cursus universitaires qui préparent mieux au métier avant les concours En licence, puis durant l’année consacrée à la préparation des concours, le futur professeur acquiert une culture disciplinaire élargie. En outre, il doit pouvoir vérifier son choix de carrière par des stages d’observation du milieu scolaire et acquérir d’autres savoirs utiles pour enseigner. C’est également pendant ces années qu’il devra faire le stage en entreprise. La culture générale dans le champ de la discipline et l’ouverture vers d’autres disciplines sont indispensables au futur professeur. Le LMD, en regroupant les formations en grands domaines de disciplines, vise la pluridisciplinarité dans toutes les licences, ainsi que l’orientation progressive de l’étudiant. Les universités cherchent également à donner aux étudiants de licence des compétences « transversales » - langue vivante étrangère, informatique, méthodologie -, et, selon des modalités variées, des capacités d’expression et une culture générale. Des parcours « Métiers de l’enseignement » sont proposés, et les universités sont désormais habilitées à mettre en place des licences avec mention spécifique pour la troisième année de formation. Le Haut Conseil de l’Education se félicite de ces évolutions. Tous les professeurs devant maîtriser le socle commun, c’est avant le concours que les futurs professeurs des écoles doivent commencer à être formés à la pluridisciplinarité, ce qui ne les empêche pas de conserver une dominante littéraire ou scientifique ; et les futurs professeurs du second degré devraient, eux, être incités à s’engager dans des licences polyvalentes comme le sont les classes préparatoires aux grandes écoles, pour éviter les spécialisations prématurées. L’étudiant qui envisage de devenir enseignant doit faire des stages d’observation pour redécouvrir l’Ecole, dans sa diversité, depuis une autre place que celle d’élève, la seule qu’il ait connue. Ces stages doivent être faits dans différentes catégories d’établissements ; le futur maître doit assister à des cours et rencontrer les membres de la communauté éducative avec qui il sera amené à travailler comme professeur (conseillers principaux d’éducation, personnels administratifs, techniques, ouvriers, sociaux, de santé et de service). Ces stages peuvent faire l’objet d’ateliers à l’université. Ainsi, le changement du point de vue de l’étudiant à celui de l’enseignant, aujourd’hui très brutal pour la plupart de ceux qui débutent la deuxième année d’IUFM, sera-t-il préparé et la vocation pour le métier vérifiée. Afin de concentrer la deuxième année d’IUFM sur l’apprentissage du métier d’enseignant, certaines connaissances nécessaires au métier doivent être acquises auparavant, de sorte que cette deuxième année soit vouée en priorité à l’articulation de ces connaissances avec la 8 pratique. La formation disciplinaire en licence et durant l’année de préparation des concours procure les savoirs à enseigner. D’autres savoirs, liés à l’acquisition des compétences pédagogiques, sont aujourd’hui dispensés en deuxième année d’IUFM : il reviendra aux universités de proposer, plus tôt dans le cursus, avant les concours, des unités d’enseignement complémentaires dans les sciences humaines et sociales qui offrent une ouverture utile pour enseigner, en donnant par exemple les notions de base en psychologie, sociologie, histoire, philosophie, économie, droit, etc. L’étudiant qui se destine au métier de professeur a besoin de comprendre le fonctionnement de l’entreprise, vers laquelle s’orientera la majorité des élèves. Pour être instructif, le stage en entreprise doit être d’une durée suffisante : au moins un mois. Comme le temps est compté au cours de la deuxième année d’IUFM, les universités devront le prévoir durant les années antérieures, hors des périodes d’enseignement. Une implication forte des milieux économiques est indispensable pour que tous les étudiants qui envisagent le métier de professeur trouvent un stage ; une charte du stage en entreprise devra être élaborée avec les associations professionnelles pour en fixer les modalités et en garantir la qualité. Un tel stage sera obligatoire pour obtenir la titularisation. ►2 – Une expérience des métiers qu’ils enseignent pour les professeurs de la voie professionnelle Les professeurs qui enseignent dans la voie professionnelle les disciplines liées aux métiers doivent avoir une pratique effective des métiers auxquels ils forment les élèves. Outre un bon niveau de connaissances théoriques, on doit exiger des professeurs de lycée professionnel (PLP) chargés des disciplines d’enseignement professionnel qu’ils sachent pratiquer les métiers auxquels ils forment les élèves (voir I.2. « Garantir une solide culture disciplinaire à tous les enseignants »). Bien que la diversité des filières ne permette pas d’en faire une règle, il serait préférable que cette expérience professionnelle initiale ait été acquise avant le concours. Si tel n’est pas le cas, des stages en entreprise y pourvoiront, avec au minimum un stage long d’un semestre, où le PLP est en situation d’exercice de ces métiers. Ces stages ne peuvent être effectués pendant la deuxième année d’IUFM car ce serait au détriment de la formation au métier d’enseignant. Ils doivent donc être prévus pendant les deux premières années d’enseignement. D’une manière générale, il ne faudrait pas que l’intégration des IUFM dans les universités éloigne la formation de ces enseignants de l’expérience professionnelle, qui doit rester prioritaire. Un stage en entreprise doit toutefois être maintenu pendant la deuxième année d’IUFM pour tous les PLP, notamment ceux des disciplines d’enseignement général, quel que soit leur parcours antérieur : ce stage ne doit pas être axé sur les différents métiers mais sur les relations entre l’Ecole et l’entreprise (suivi des élèves, relations avec les « tuteurs » d’entreprise…) et sur la conception d’outils pédagogiques appropriés, sachant qu’une approche plus finalisée des concepts et un mode d’apprentissage inductif sont plus efficaces auprès des élèves de la voie professionnelle. 9 ►3 - La révision de certains éléments des concours de recrutement Les concours se situent à un stade du parcours des étudiants où ceux-ci ne sont pas censés avoir d‘expérience du métier d’enseignant : il est donc logique qu’ils aient pour première finalité de garantir un niveau disciplinaire, ainsi que des capacités intellectuelles générales indispensables à qui se destine à ce métier. Une attention particulière doit être portée à la qualité de l’expression française des candidats : il revient au Ministère de donner les instructions adaptées aux jurys des différentes disciplines. L’épreuve orale sur dossier du CAPES, du CAPEPS, du CAPET et du CAPLP, ainsi que certains éléments des épreuves du concours de recrutement au professorat des écoles (CRPE), comprennent des questions relatives à des mises en situation d’enseignement. La majorité des candidats n’ayant jamais eu d’élèves, l’exercice est inévitablement formel et prématuré. - - - Le Haut Conseil de l’Education recommande que l’épreuve sur dossier des CAPES, CAPLP (disciplines d’enseignement général) et CAPEPS ne comprenne ni question didactique ni question administrative, même relative aux programmes. Cette épreuve gardera toutefois son utilité, notamment dans la perspective du socle, si elle est conçue comme un entretien qui permette d’évaluer un candidat, quelle que soit sa discipline, sur certaines qualités indispensables de l’enseignant : les capacités de lecture et d’argumentation (à partir d’un ou deux textes à analyser dans un premier temps, avant un échange ouvert avec le jury), la culture générale et l’ouverture d’esprit, l’aptitude à la communication, et la motivation pour ce métier ; une note éliminatoire devrait être fixée. L’épreuve orale sur dossier des CAPET et CAPLP (disciplines d’enseignement professionnel) devrait être la même que celle des CAPES, mais assortie d’une partie technique s’appuyant comme aujourd’hui sur un dossier réalisé par le candidat à partir d’une situation empruntée à l’entreprise, ou à partir de son expérience professionnelle en rapport avec la discipline d’enseignement, sans qu’il soit question d’exploitation didactique à ce stade. L’épreuve orale d’entretien du CRPE devrait être analogue à celle des CAPES. Quant aux épreuves écrites, elles devraient logiquement être repensées pour éviter tout cours fictif, toute application à une classe virtuelle. S’agissant du cas particulier des CAPLP, il est souhaitable que les épreuves d’admissibilité comportent un équilibre satisfaisant entre connaissances théoriques et résolution de cas pratiques permettant d’apprécier l’expérience acquise en milieu professionnel. ►4 - Une deuxième année de formation en IUFM plus longue Il est possible et nécessaire de prévoir plusieurs semaines supplémentaires de formation en deuxième année d’IUFM. La deuxième année d’IUFM doit être axée sur le cœur du métier. Or, chaque grande priorité nationale (comme la sécurité routière) se traduit en obligations imposées à l’Ecole, et donc en nouvelles unités de formation initiale. Ces exigences sont légitimes, encore que l’on puisse se 10 demander dans certains cas si elles relèvent bien de l’Ecole, mais l’accumulation d’enseignements sur une seule année déjà très courte conduit à des impasses sur l’essentiel. Par exemple, aujourd’hui, les stagiaires sont contraints de choisir entre « la communication par la voix et le corps » et « les technologies de l’information et de la communication pour l’enseignement », alors qu’ils auraient avantage à suivre ces deux enseignements. D’une part, certains enseignements complémentaires pourraient être dispensés après la sortie de l’IUFM, au cours des deux premières années d’exercice du métier et même au-delà. D’autre part, la durée de la formation pendant la deuxième année d’IUFM peut être allongée, non pour introduire de nouveaux enseignements, mais pour mieux assurer ceux qui sont prioritaires pour l’apprentissage du métier. La rentrée peut être avancée de manière significative afin de préparer le stage en responsabilité dans de meilleures conditions ; l’année peut aussi finir plus tard qu’aujourd’hui en reportant la procédure de titularisation et de première affectation à la fin de l’année scolaire (voir II.5. « Une titularisation qui garantit la maîtrise de toutes les compétences professionnelles » et II.6. « La poursuite de la formation initiale au cours des deux premières années d’exercice »). Ce sont ainsi cinq à six précieuses semaines qu’il est possible de gagner. ►5 - Une titularisation qui garantit la maîtrise de toutes les compétences professionnelles La titularisation en fin de deuxième année d’IUFM certifie l’aptitude constatée au métier d’enseignant. L’Etat doit se montrer exigeant dans la titularisation : elle ne peut pas être quasiautomatique, car un professeur sera responsable de la formation de milliers d’élèves au cours de sa carrière. La titularisation certifiera que toutes les compétences professionnelles sont maîtrisées sans exception et sans compensation entre elles, le niveau de maîtrise nécessaire en fin de formation initiale devant être précisément déterminé pour chacune des compétences. L’évaluation des compétences professionnelles ne peut se faire qu’en situation réelle d’enseignement. Les formateurs de terrain sont ceux qui voient le plus souvent les stagiaires devant leurs élèves et ils sont donc les mieux à même de juger leur progression durant l’année dans leur exercice du métier, sachant que les formateurs d’IUFM sont aussi partie prenante des stages et de leur évaluation (voir I.6. « Associer systématiquement formation sur le terrain et formation universitaire en deuxième année d’IUFM »). Dans l’évaluation des unités de formation dispensées à l’IUFM, on s’attachera en particulier à l’acquisition des connaissances qui sont à la base des compétences professionnelles (voir III. « Le référentiel des compétences professionnelles des enseignants »). Tous les formateurs seront donc appelés à prendre part à l’évaluation des compétences professionnelles des stagiaires. Un dossier de compétences accompagnera le professeur-stagiaire pendant sa deuxième année d’IUFM et ses deux premières années d’exercice. Le jury de titularisation sera présidé par un représentant de l’Etat-employeur ; il comprendra aussi des représentants de l’université. Le recrutement s’effectuera à partir de 11 l’examen des évaluations réalisées tout au long de la deuxième année d’IUFM, et aussi d’un entretien avec le jury. ►6 - La poursuite de la formation initiale au cours des deux premières années d’exercice Pour favoriser la consolidation des compétences professionnelles, la formation professionnelle initiale doit être conçue sur trois années : la deuxième année de formation en IUFM et les deux premières années d’exercice du métier. La première affectation doit être encadrée, et tout professeur débutant doit bénéficier d’un accompagnement pendant deux ans, des stages obligatoires parachevant sa formation initiale. A l’issue de leur formation en IUFM, les professeurs tout juste titularisés sont des débutants. Or le système actuel d’affectation aux points, qui ne distingue pas les nouveaux titulaires, les pénalise mécaniquement pour leur première affectation : ils sont nommés sur les postes dont les plus anciens, plus expérimentés, ne veulent pas. Le Haut Conseil de l’Education juge préférable que toute la formation initiale ait lieu dans la même académie, les nouveaux professeurs étant affectés à des postes sélectionnés au préalable en fonction des formateurs de terrain. Un mouvement particulier devra être prévu, propre aux stagiaires et aux nouveaux titulaires dont le premier poste aura une durée de deux ans. Pour le premier degré, ce mouvement aura lieu dans chaque académie. Pour le second degré, à l’issue des concours nationaux, l’Etat répartira les lauréats dans les académies à la fois pour leur formation en deuxième année d’IUFM et pour leur premier poste, en fonction des vœux des lauréats et des besoins de l’académie. L’accompagnement des nouveaux titulaires, qui apparaît comme une nécessité, en particulier dans les établissements difficiles, est inscrit dans les textes : au moins trois semaines de formation en IUFM la première année, deux semaines la deuxième, sur le temps de service, concernant la gestion de la classe - qui pose souvent problème aux débutants -, le travail en équipe, l’éthique, l’approfondissement des savoirs… L’analyse de pratiques est privilégiée pour favoriser le recul, et les échanges entre pairs sont encouragés. Une dynamique de formation continue doit ainsi s’engager pour toute la carrière. Chaque débutant a aussi un « enseignant accompagnateur » dans son établissement. Prévu depuis 2001, ce dispositif doit être rendu effectif puis renforcé, surtout pour la première année. Par ailleurs, un certain nombre de stages nécessaires à la formation initiale sont à prévoir au cours des deux premières années d’exercice du métier : - Stages de connaissance du système éducatif français : pour la continuité des apprentissages comme pour l’orientation des élèves, il est important que les professeurs des écoles connaissent le collège, que les professeurs en collège connaissent l’école et le lycée professionnel, que les professeurs en lycée connaissent toutes les sections (technologiques industrielles, tertiaires), le lycée professionnel, les cycles post-baccalauréat, que tous les professeurs connaissent les ZEP ou les formations en alternance… - Stage de découverte des partenaires de l’Ecole, dans le contexte de la première affectation (voir I.8. « Ouvrir la formation sur la société »). - Stage d’observation concernant la prise en charge du handicap, pour « mieux connaître les partenaires de l’éducation, les réseaux, les dispositifs et les ressources 12 existants » (document du groupe de travail chargé de la rédaction du cahier des charges de la formation des enseignants, février 2006). Ces stages doivent constituer une obligation pour les jeunes professeurs. D’autre part, le Haut Conseil de l’Education recommande que soit étudiée la possibilité de rendre également obligatoire un stage dans un système éducatif étranger, européen en priorité, au cours des premières années d’exercice. ►7 - L’obtention de crédits ECTS de master La formation en IUFM, puis durant les deux premières années d’exercice, se voit validée par des crédits ECTS de master dans le domaine de l’enseignement. La reconnaissance internationale de la formation des maîtres implique que la formation en IUFM contribue à l’acquisition d’un master dans le domaine de l’enseignement, cette formation conférant des compétences professionnelles. Le Rapport annexé à la loi pour l’avenir de l’Ecole ne prévoit pas qu’un master soit délivré à l’issue de la formation en deuxième année d’IUFM, mais il donne la possibilité d’attribuer un maximum de 60 crédits ECTS sur les 120 requis pour ce diplôme. Il appartiendra à l’université d’accueil de fixer le nombre de crédits qu’elle donnera pour les unités de formation suivies à l’IUFM. Le Haut Conseil de l’Education recommande que les enseignements suivis en IUFM et les stages faits pendant les deux premières années d’exercice donnent lieu à la délivrance d’ECTS supplémentaires, en vue de l’obtention du master. Dans ces conditions, le « mémoire professionnel » ne peut ni être confondu avec un mémoire de recherche ni se borner à un simple compte rendu de stage. Montrant la capacité du professeur-stagiaire à prendre du recul par rapport à l’expérience qu’il a vécue, ce mémoire sera un des éléments pris en considération dans l’entretien avec le jury en vue de la titularisation. Les universités vont être amenées à accorder des crédits ECTS aux stages : elles doivent donc légitimement avoir un droit de regard sur ces stages. L’inscription de la formation des maîtres dans le cadre du master permet d’envisager autrement le cas de ceux qui ne sont pas titularisés à la fin de la deuxième année d’IUFM : la formation reçue sera valorisée par la délivrance de crédits ECTS capitalisables dans d’autres masters, qui faciliteront la réorientation professionnelle. ►8 - Des formateurs compétents, dans tous les lieux de formation La formation des maîtres ne sera efficace que si tous ceux qui l’assurent sont en contact réel avec le terrain et ont été eux-mêmes préparés à cette mission. Les formateurs universitaires doivent avoir un contact avec le terrain, qu’ils soient enseignants-chercheurs ou enseignants des premier et second degrés. La connaissance du terrain par les enseignants-chercheurs qui prennent part à la formation des maîtres, qu’ils 13 soient hors de l’IUFM ou dans l’IUFM, ne peut se réduire à leur passé d’élèves : leurs enseignements doivent être conçus dans un rapport fécond avec les réalités du terrain (voir I.6. « Associer systématiquement formation sur le terrain et formation universitaire en deuxième année d’IUFM »). Quant aux enseignants des premier et second degrés, ils sont les premiers concernés pour l’enseignement de la didactique à leurs futurs collègues. Leur expérience du terrain doit être solide, ce qui suppose au moins plusieurs années d’exercice, mais les publics scolaires évoluant très vite, elle doit aussi être récente et le mieux serait qu’ils soient tous en service partagé entre établissement scolaire et IUFM. De manière générale, les affectations pérennes et de longue durée à l’IUFM devraient être appelées à disparaître. Les formateurs de terrain, qui accueillent les stagiaires dans leurs classes et qui observent ces derniers lorsqu’ils enseignent, doivent être considérés comme des acteurs à part entière de la formation : ils seront associés à la conception de la formation comme à l’évaluation des stagiaires, car ils participent pleinement à l’acquisition des compétences professionnelles des futurs maîtres. Il ne suffit pas d’être un bon enseignant, dans le premier ou le second degré, ou à l’université, pour être un formateur compétent, en IUFM ou sur le terrain. Pour former de futurs professeurs, il faut connaître les bases de la formation d’adultes, être ouvert à des domaines disciplinaires et transversaux autres que la spécialité d’origine, savoir conduire un groupe d’analyse de situations professionnelles, ou accompagner un stagiaire… L’université a aussi une responsabilité dans la qualité des formateurs : des enseignements de master « Formation de formateurs » peuvent y contribuer, ou des séminaires ad hoc. Les universités devront faire travailler ensemble les différents acteurs de la formation, formateurs universitaires et formateurs de terrain, leur collaboration effective étant indispensable au succès de la formation professionnelle. ►9 - Des observatoires universitaires des pratiques pédagogiques Il est nécessaire de mettre en place des observatoires universitaires des pratiques des enseignants et des formateurs. Pour rendre le système éducatif plus efficace, les « Principes européens » proposent de réunir des « données probantes concernant les processus d’apprentissage » des élèves et des enseignants eux-mêmes. Ainsi l’articulation sera meilleure entre recherche, politique de l’éducation, exercice du métier et formation des professeurs. Il reviendra aux universités de se doter, elles-mêmes et par convention avec d’autres établissements d’enseignement supérieur, des structures permettant de réaliser cet objectif. Les pratiques des enseignants dans leurs classes gagnent à se fonder sur la recherche (voir I.5. « Eclairer la diffusion des pratiques par les résultats de la recherche »), laquelle peut montrer si telle méthode est favorable à l’acquisition de telle compétence, si tel comportement ou dispositif renforce la motivation des élèves ou leur confiance en eux… De la même façon, la formation des enseignants elle-même doit faire l’objet d’études et de recherches : les formations sont et resteront différentes d’un IUFM à l’autre ; cette diversité 14 devra être évaluée régulièrement afin d’améliorer la qualité et l’efficacité des formations proposées, qu’il s’agisse de formation initiale ou de formation continue. ►10 - Une collaboration étroite entre universités Toutes les universités sont concernées par la formation des maîtres. Chaque IUFM sera intégré à une seule université, mais il sera nécessaire que celle-ci mobilise d’autres ressources que les siennes pour mettre en œuvre le cahier des charges : en étroite concertation avec les responsables concernés, au premier chef les présidents des universités de l’académie, il appartiendra à chaque recteur, en tant que chancelier des universités, de faciliter le déroulement de ce processus et la mise en place des conventions nécessaires. Il revient au Ministre de veiller à ce que la carte des universités d’accueil reflète la diversité des universités françaises : qu’elles soient à dominante scientifique, à dominante lettres et sciences humaines ou pluridisciplinaires. Une bonne collaboration entre universités permettra d’éviter que, dans un champ disciplinaire donné, les étudiants qui souhaitent devenir professeurs s'inscrivent massivement dans la seule université d'accueil de l'IUFM. Le Haut Conseil de l’Education recommande que le recteur réunisse chaque année l’ensemble des présidents d’université et des directeurs des autres établissements d’enseignement supérieur concernés pour faire le point sur le fonctionnement des conventions relatives à l’IUFM. III) Le référentiel des compétences professionnelles des enseignants Selon le Rapport annexé à la loi pour l’avenir de l’Ecole, il faut distinguer trois « grands ensembles de formation » : « l'approfondissement de la culture disciplinaire », « la formation pédagogique visant la prise en charge de l'hétérogénéité des élèves » et « la formation du fonctionnaire du service public de l'éducation ». Ces ensembles de formation dessinent le cadre général à l’intérieur duquel doivent être définies les différentes compétences aujourd’hui attendues des enseignants, notamment dans la perspective du socle commun. Le Haut Conseil de l’Education propose de reprendre la définition du terme « compétence » qu'il a utilisée à propos du socle commun : une compétence est toujours une combinaison de connaissances, de capacités à mettre en œuvre ces connaissances, et d’attitudes, c’est-à-dire de dispositions d’esprit nécessaires à cette mise en œuvre. Ainsi, par exemple, la compétence « Prendre en compte la diversité des élèves », requiert parmi les connaissances, des notions sur les diverses formes d’intelligence et sur le fonctionnement des mécanismes cérébraux ; parmi les capacités, celle de savoir travailler et faire travailler à partir des erreurs des élèves ; parmi les attitudes, celle d’être convaincu que tous les élèves peuvent apprendre. 15 Les professeurs exercent le même métier, qu’ils soient débutants ou chevronnés : c’est pourquoi le Haut Conseil de l’Education recommande de construire un référentiel unique de compétences professionnelles. Mais, parallèlement, il conviendra de définir le niveau de maîtrise attendu en fin de formation initiale pour chacune des compétences. Les professeurs des écoles et les professeurs des collèges et lycées sont tous des « professeurs ». Cette unité du métier au-delà des particularités fortes propres à chaque niveau d’enseignement justifie un seul référentiel pour tout type d’enseignant, les précisions liées au niveau d’enseignement devant être données item par item. Dans le travail de déclinaison des compétences en connaissances, capacités et attitudes correspondantes, il faudra veiller à bien tenir compte des conditions effectives du travail de l’enseignant comme des objectifs fixés par la Nation, pour construire un référentiel complet et en lien étroit avec ce que la pratique du métier exige au quotidien. La recension précise des ressources indispensables aux compétences nécessitera sans doute des ajustements réguliers par rapport à ce qui sera proposé dans les formations. Pour établir sa proposition de référentiel, le Haut Conseil de l’Education s’est appuyé notamment sur la réflexion menée dans d’autres pays où cette approche est déjà en vigueur. Tout en étant adapté aux particularités françaises, ce référentiel tend vers un modèle commun aux pays qui, comme le nôtre, ont pour ambition d’élever le niveau de formation. Référentiel proposé : 1. Compétence disciplinaire et culturelle L’enseignant a une connaissance approfondie et élargie de sa ou de ses disciplines et une maîtrise des questions inscrites au programme de sa ou de ses matières d’enseignement. Il possède aussi une solide culture générale. Il peut ainsi aider les élèves à acquérir les compétences exigées en s’appuyant sur la cohérence des différents enseignements. 2. Compétence en langue française Les exigences envers les enseignants sont cohérentes avec celles du socle commun. Dans son usage de la langue, tant à l’écrit qu’à l’oral, l’enseignant doit être exemplaire. Il est attentif à la qualité de la langue chez ses élèves. Qu’il présente des connaissances, fournisse des explications ou donne du travail, il s’exprime avec clarté et précision, en tenant compte du niveau de ses élèves. Il sait décrire et expliquer son enseignement à la diversité de ses interlocuteurs, en particulier les parents. 3. Compétence à concevoir son enseignement L’enseignant est un spécialiste de sa ou de ses disciplines et il sait l’enseigner, c’est-à-dire qu’il est capable d’assurer, sur la durée d’une année scolaire, l’apprentissage effectif de ses élèves dans le cadre d’un enseignement collectif. Pour cela, il maîtrise la didactique de sa ou de ses disciplines, et il est capable de mettre en œuvre des approches pluridisciplinaires ; il connaît les processus d’apprentissage et les obstacles que peuvent rencontrer les élèves et la manière d’y remédier. 16 4. Compétence à prendre en compte la diversité des élèves L’enseignant sait différencier son enseignement en fonction des besoins et des facultés des élèves, pour tirer chacun vers le haut. Il prend en compte les différents rythmes d’apprentissage, accompagne chaque élève, y compris les élèves à besoins particuliers, et sait notamment faire appel aux partenaires de l’Ecole. Il amène chaque élève à porter un regard positif sur l’autre et sur les différences. 5. Compétence à gérer la classe L’enseignant sait faire progresser une classe aussi bien dans la maîtrise des connaissances, des capacités et des attitudes que dans le respect des règles de la vie en société ; il établit un fonctionnement efficace pour les activités quotidiennes de la classe, il est exigeant sur les comportements et il fait en sorte que les élèves attachent de la valeur au travail tant individuel que collectif. 6. Compétence à évaluer les élèves L’enseignant sait évaluer la progression des apprentissages et le degré d’acquisition des compétences atteint par les élèves. Il utilise le résultat des évaluations pour adapter son enseignement aux progrès des élèves. Il fait comprendre aux élèves les principes d’évaluation et développe leurs capacités d’autoévaluation. Il communique aux parents les résultats attendus et les résultats obtenus. Il prend sa part dans l’orientation de l’élève. 7. Compétence en technologies de l’information et de la communication L’enseignant maîtrise les technologies de l’information et de la communication. Il s’en sert pour sa formation personnelle et dans son enseignement, comme outil didactique et comme moyen d’accès à la culture et d’ouverture sur le monde. 8. Compétence à travailler en équipe et à coopérer avec tous les partenaires de l’Ecole L’enseignant participe à la vie de l’établissement, notamment dans le cadre du projet d’établissement. Il travaille avec les équipes éducatives de ses classes et avec des enseignants de sa ou de ses disciplines, afin que la cohérence dans les choix didactiques et pédagogiques favorise la maîtrise des compétences par les élèves. Il coopère avec les parents et les partenaires de l’Ecole. 9. Compétence à réfléchir sur sa pratique, à innover, à se former L’enseignant est capable de faire une analyse critique de son travail et de modifier le cas échéant ses pratiques d’enseignement. Il met à jour ses connaissances disciplinaires, didactiques et pédagogiques, il sait faire appel à ceux qui sont susceptibles de lui apporter aide ou conseil dans l’exercice de son métier, il se forme en fonction de ses besoins professionnels. 10. Compétence à agir de façon éthique et responsable dans le cadre du service public de l’éducation L’enseignant fait preuve de conscience professionnelle et suit des principes déontologiques : il respecte et fait respecter la personne de chaque élève, il est attentif au projet de chacun, il respecte et fait respecter la liberté d’opinion, il connaît et fait respecter les principes de la laïcité, il veille à la confidentialité de certaines informations concernant les élèves et leurs familles, etc. L’Education nationale détermine les finalités de l’enseignement, définit les programmes et les horaires : l’enseignant exerce donc sa liberté pédagogique dans le cadre des textes officiels ; il sensibilise les élèves aux grandes causes nationales; il connaît les droits et devoirs des fonctionnaires. 17 

Q_G_SPS_NUSA1107_1

WTO

Open Government

Various open data

None

None

English

Spoken

. /. WORLD TRADE ORGANIZATION G/SPS/N/USA/1107 7 September 2005 (05-3901) Committee on Sanitary a nd Phytosanitary Measures Original: English NOTIFICATION 1. Member to Agreement notifying: UNITED STATES If applicable, name of local government involved: 2. Agency responsible: Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) 3. Products covered (provide tariff item number(s) as specified in national schedules deposited with the WTO; ICS numbers should be provided in addition, where applicable): Pome fruit 4. Regions or countries likely to be affected, to the extent relevant or practicable: Any US trade partners 5. Title, language and number of p ages of the notified document: Emamectin; Notice of Filing a Pesticide Petition to Establish a Toleran ce for a Certain Pesticide Chemical in or on Food (Available in English, 4 pages) 6. Description of content: EPA has received a pesticide petition as follows proposing the establishment and/or amendment of regulations for residues of emamectin benzoate, 4'-epi- methylamino- 4'-deoxyavermectin B 1 benzoate (a mixture of a minimum of 90% 4'-epi- methylamino-4'- deoxyavermectin B 1a and a maximum of 10% 4'-epi-methlyamino- 4'deoxyavermectin B 1b benzoate), and its metabolites 8,9 isomer of the B 1a and B 1b component of the parent insecticide in or on the raw agricultural commodities pome fruit at 0.02 parts per million (ppm). EPA has not fully evaluated the sufficiency of the submitted data at this time or whether the data support granting of the petition. Additiona l data may be needed before EPA rules on the petition. EPA invites the public to co mment on the petition and will determine whether to proceed with a proposed ru le in response to the petition. 7. Objective and rationale: [ X ] food safety, [ ] animal health, [ ] plant protection, [ X ] protect humans from animal/plant pest or disease, [ ] protect territory from other damage from pests 8. International standard, guideline or recommendation: [ ] Codex Alimentarius Commission, [ ] World Organization for Animal Health (OIE), [ ] International Plant Protection Convention, [ X ] None If an international standard, guideline or recommendation exists, give the appropriate reference and briefly identify deviations: NA G/SPS/N/USA/1107 Page 2 9. Relevant documents and language(s) in which these are available: Federal Register: 24 August 2005 (Volume 70, Number 163)][Pages 49607-49611], http://www.epa.gov/fedrgstr/EPA- PEST/2005/August/Day-24/p16806.htm (Available in English) 10. Proposed date of adoption: 11. Proposed date of entry into force: 12. Final date for comments: Comments must be received on or before 23 September 2005 identified by docket ID number OPP-200 5-0212. Agency or authority designated to handle comments: [ X ] National notification authority, [ ] National enquiry point, or add ress, fax number and E-mail address (if available) of other body: Registration Division (7505c), Office of Pesticide Programs, Environmental Protection Agency, 1200 Pennsylvania Ave., NW., Washington, DC 20460-0001 13. Texts available from: [ ] National notification authority, [ X ] National enquiry point, or address, fax number and E-mail address (if available) of other body: Ms. Julie Morin, United States SPS Enquiry Point Officer, USDA Foreign Agricultural Service, Food Safety & Technical Services Division, Stop 1027, Washington D.C. 20250. Tel: 202- 720-4051; Fax 202-720-7772; Email [email protected].

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q32515235

Wikidata

Semantic data

CC0

Paractinoposthia

None

Multilingual

Semantic data

Paractinoposthia Gattung der Familie Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia wissenschaftlicher Name Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia taxonomischer Rang Gattung Paractinoposthia übergeordnetes Taxon Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia ist ein(e) Taxon Paractinoposthia WoRMS-Taxon-ID 379817 Paractinoposthia ITIS-TSN 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG-ID 1467843 Paractinoposthia GBIF-ID 2498701 Paractinoposthia CoL-ID 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia OTT-ID 6138909 Paractinoposthia genus of worms Paractinoposthia taxon name Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia taxon rank genus Paractinoposthia parent taxon Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instance of taxon Paractinoposthia WoRMS-ID for taxa 379817 Paractinoposthia ITIS TSN 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG ID 1467843 Paractinoposthia GBIF taxon ID 2498701 Paractinoposthia Catalogue of Life ID 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia Open Tree of Life ID 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nome scientifico Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia livello tassonomico genere Paractinoposthia taxon di livello superiore Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia istanza di taxon Paractinoposthia identificativo WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia identificativo ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia identificativo IRMNG 1467843 Paractinoposthia identificativo GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia identificativo Catalogue of Life 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nombre del taxón Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia categoría taxonómica género Paractinoposthia taxón superior inmediato Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instancia de taxón Paractinoposthia identificador WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia identificador ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia identificador IRMNG 1467843 Paractinoposthia identificador de taxón en GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia identificador Catalogue of Life 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia identificador Open Tree of Life 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nom scientifique du taxon Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia rang taxonomique genre Paractinoposthia taxon supérieur Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia nature de l’élément taxon Paractinoposthia identifiant des taxons - World Register of Marine Species 379817 Paractinoposthia identifiant Système d'information taxinomique intégré 1037252 Paractinoposthia identifiant Interim Register of Marine and Nonmarine Genera 1467843 Paractinoposthia identifiant Global Biodiversity Information Facility 2498701 Paractinoposthia identifiant Catalogue of Life 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia identifiant Open Tree of Life 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia име на таксон Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia ранг на таксон род Paractinoposthia родителски таксон Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia екземпляр на таксон Paractinoposthia ITIS TSN 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG ID 1467843 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia международное научное название Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia таксономический ранг род Paractinoposthia ближайший таксон уровнем выше Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia это частный случай понятия таксон Paractinoposthia идентификатор в Мировом реестре морских видов 379817 Paractinoposthia код ITIS TSN 1037252 Paractinoposthia идентификатор IRMNG 1467843 Paractinoposthia идентификатор GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia код Catalogue of Life 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia код Open Tree of Life 6138909 Paractinoposthia geslacht van wormen Paractinoposthia wetenschappelijke naam Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia taxonomische rang geslacht Paractinoposthia moedertaxon Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia is een taxon Paractinoposthia WoRMS-identificatiecode voor taxon 379817 Paractinoposthia ITIS-identificatiecode 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG-identificatiecode 1467843 Paractinoposthia GBIF-identificatiecode 2498701 Paractinoposthia Catalogue of Life-identificatiecode 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia Open Tree of Life-identificatiecode 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia taxon nomen Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia ordo genus Paractinoposthia parens Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia est taxon Paractinoposthia рід червів Paractinoposthia наукова назва таксона Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia таксономічний ранг рід Paractinoposthia батьківський таксон Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia є одним із таксон Paractinoposthia ідентифікатор WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia номер у ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia ідентифікатор IRMNG 1467843 Paractinoposthia ідентифікатор у GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia ідентифікатор Catalogue of Life 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia ідентифікатор Open Tree of Life 6138909 Paractinoposthia xéneru de guxanos Paractinoposthia nome del taxón Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia categoría taxonómica xéneru Paractinoposthia taxón inmediatamente superior Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instancia de taxón Paractinoposthia identificador ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia géineas péisteanna Paractinoposthia ainm an tacsóin Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia rang an tacsóin géineas Paractinoposthia máthairthacsón Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia sampla de tacsón Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nume științific Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia rang taxonomic gen Paractinoposthia taxon superior Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia este un/o taxon Paractinoposthia identificator Global Biodiversity Information Facility 2498701 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nome do táxon Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia categoria taxonómica género Paractinoposthia táxon imediatamente superior Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instância de táxon Paractinoposthia identificador World Register of Marine Species 379817 Paractinoposthia número de série taxonômico do ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG ID 1467843 Paractinoposthia identificador Global Biodiversity Information Facility 2498701 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia naukowa nazwa taksonu Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia kategoria systematyczna rodzaj Paractinoposthia takson nadrzędny Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia jest to takson Paractinoposthia identyfikator Światowego Rejestru Gatunków Morskich 379817 Paractinoposthia ITIS TSN 1037252 Paractinoposthia identyfikator IRMNG 1467843 Paractinoposthia identyfikator GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia identyfikator Open Tree of Life 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia tên phân loại Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia cấp bậc phân loại chi Paractinoposthia đơn vị phân loại mẹ Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia là một đơn vị phân loại Paractinoposthia WoRMS-ID 379817 Paractinoposthia TSN ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia ID IRMNG 1467843 Paractinoposthia định danh GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia emri shkencor Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia instancë e takson Paractinoposthia ITIS-TSN 1037252 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia tieteellinen nimi Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia taksonitaso suku Paractinoposthia osa taksonia Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia esiintymä kohteesta taksoni Paractinoposthia WoRMS-tunniste 379817 Paractinoposthia ITIS-tunnistenumero 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG-tunniste 1467843 Paractinoposthia Global Biodiversity Information Facility -tunniste 2498701 Paractinoposthia Catalogue of Life -tunniste 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia Open Tree of Life -tunniste 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nomine del taxon Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia rango taxonomic genere Paractinoposthia taxon superior immediate Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instantia de taxon Paractinoposthia ID WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia taksonomia nomo Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia taksonomia rango genro Paractinoposthia supera taksono Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia estas taksono Paractinoposthia ITIS-TSN 1037252 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia instancia de Taxón Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nome taxológico Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia categoria taxonômica gênero Paractinoposthia táxon imediatamente superior Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instância de táxon Paractinoposthia identificador WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia identificador ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia identificador GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nom scientific Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia reng taxonomic genre Paractinoposthia taxon superior Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia natura de l'element taxon Paractinoposthia identificant WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia identificant ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia identificant GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nome do taxon Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia categoría taxonómica xénero Paractinoposthia taxon superior inmediato Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instancia de taxon Paractinoposthia identificador WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia identificador ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia identificador IRMNG de taxon 1467843 Paractinoposthia identificador GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia identificador Catalogue of Life 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia identificador Open Tree of Life 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia nom científic Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia categoria taxonòmica gènere Paractinoposthia tàxon superior immediat Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia instància de tàxon Paractinoposthia identificador WoRMS 379817 Paractinoposthia identificador ITIS 1037252 Paractinoposthia identificador IRMNG de tàxon 1467843 Paractinoposthia identificador GBIF 2498701 Paractinoposthia identificador Catalogue of Life 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia identificador Open Tree of Life 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia izen zientifikoa Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia maila taxonomikoa genero Paractinoposthia goiko maila taxonomikoa Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia honako hau da taxon Paractinoposthia WoRMS-en identifikatzailea 379817 Paractinoposthia ITIS-en identifikadorea 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG identifikatzailea 1467843 Paractinoposthia GBIFen identifikatzailea 2498701 Paractinoposthia Catalogue of Life identifikatzailea 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia Open Tree of Life identifikatzailea 6138909 Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia takson adı Paractinoposthia Paractinoposthia takson seviyesi cins Paractinoposthia ana takson Actinoposthiidae Paractinoposthia nedir takson Paractinoposthia WoRMS takson kimliği 379817 Paractinoposthia Entegre Taksonomik Bilgi Sistemi Taksonomik Seri Numarası 1037252 Paractinoposthia IRMNG kimliği 1467843 Paractinoposthia Küresel Biyoçeşitlilik Danışma Tesisi kimliği 2498701 Paractinoposthia Catalogue of Life kimliği 7PPJJ Paractinoposthia Open Tree of Life kimliği 6138909

US-201514940074-A_2

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

10. The device of claim 1, further including lateral mass bone screws for securing the device within the cervical spine segment. 11. The device of claim 1, wherein the body is configured for sliding engagement with the frame. 12. The device of claim 11, wherein the elongate slot of the frame includes a rail, and the insert portion of the body includes a groove for engagement with the rail. 13. The device of claim 1, wherein the body and frame are formed of the same material. 14. The device of claim 1, wherein the body and frame are formed of different materials..

sn90059649_1918-07-19_1_5_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

None

None

Danish

Spoken

V 113 Xr- i 50 Aars Jubiläum. Den überførste Sømandskirke i &on= "bon førde 20. erholde et Hjem hvor Vand og Jordbund sikrer en rig Høst hvert Aar.M E. D. Gantt'siger: 'Jeg har i Aarrækker solgt Farmmaskineri i Nordvesten.. Intetsteds har man bedre Høstudbytte end i Nærheden af dette Land Jeg anbe faler Deres Ejendom paa det bedste.*' Vi siger: "Der er ingen bedre. Jord, ingen bedré Vandforsyning, ingen gegen Anledning paa Jorden iot en Mand eller Kvinde til at erholde et Hjem end paa dette Land. Godt irrigéret Land bringer Uafhængighed. Dette Land er det bedste." For detaljerede Oplysninger kriv til EKSTRA GODTKJoB! Kreatur- og Faarefarm 290 Acres, Hus, 2 Stalde, ny Kornl-ade, Svinehus, Hønsehus, Vogneskur, 2 Brøn de, god Jordbonitet, Hovedvej. Kun $31. pr Acre lette Vilkaar. Referere till Farm No. 6. TAKE-FARM. 160 Acres, nægte Bæk, Hus, 2 80 Acres Land i Kandiyohi County, beliggende 7 Mil fra Kandiyohi* den første Station Øst for Willmar og kun 2. Mil fra en god Indlandsby, vel "improved" og et Stykke af første Klasses Land i alle Henseender. Denne Farm kan blive kjøbt til den laveris af $85.00 pr Acre og kan erholdes på lette Viikaar. For nærmere Oplysninger besøg eller skriv til S6C tlo Osælges pas meget lptte Viikaar, udmærket Land, intet ubenyttet, 41-2 oe 31-2 Mil fra By ved Soo R, K. "Unimproved" men let at rydde, egner sier for Oræagange, som det er. Ved god Kjorevej, Post- og Telefonlinie, godt Nabolag-, noget Tommer, $35.00 pr Acre. Vi har 160 Acres alt dyrket, med godt 8 Værelsers Has, stor rummelig Stald, men ikke sårlig god. 30 Acres med godt Tommer, brugt for Gfæsgatir ire i 30 Aar, 3 Mil fra Foreston. Minn. $100 pr Acre, omkring $5,000 kentant, Resten på lette Viikaar tii 6p Ct. Hvis Interesseret skriv til En god og billig Farm Acres Farm, 1 Mil fra Kerkhoven, Minn., skandinavisk Settlement, 60 Acres dyrket, Resten Høland og Græsgange. Beboelseshus og stald, smuk Lund. Pris $8500. på lette Viikaar. Nær "Consolidated School", R. F. D. etc. God Jordbund og Beliggenhed. Skriv efter Beskrivelser. Over denne os andre Farme til 4J0DT FARMLAND I NORD MINNESOTA, de store Muligheders Land, Udmærket Land, dyrket og udyrket nær Bemidji, Minn., og andre go de Byer, samt en hel Del Land i det bekjendte "Black Duck" Distrikt, sælges til meget rimelige Priser og på lette Viikaar. Gode Veje, Skoler, Kirker, Mejerier, Telefon og Rural Routes findes, i den ne Egn. Godt Drikkevand og eundt Klima. Her er Stedet for den anindre Bemidlede at bygge sit Hjem og i Løbet af faa År sidde 1 Velstand. Skriv efiter nærmere Oplysninger til Eieren, MR. IOWA OG ILL. FARMER OG FORPAGTER. Hvorfor betale Leje afgift længer Hvorfor ikke komme til Syd Dakota, 'hvor De kan kjøbe Land for $65. til $100. pr Acre.paa rimelige Viikaar. Det vil ikke koste Dem ret meget at komme ud og se det. Dette Land vil give lige saa stor Afgrøde pr Acre, som hvor De for Tiden er og mindre Penge er nødvendig, og tillige vil De have Land, der er De res eget. k Skriv efter nærmere Oplysninger, eller kom ud og besøg os. SECURITY INVESTMENT COMPANY, G. W. Hansen, Sekr. Frankfort, So. Dak. 33N GOD 160 ACRES FARM kun 2y2 Mil fra en god By med 1600 Indb.. Der er 90 Acres under Dyrkning 70 Acres godt Græsland, 6 Værelsers Frame-Hus, Stald 30x84, Silo, Hønsehus, Kornlade og Ma skinhus. God Brønd udmærket sort Jord med Lerunderlag. Pris kun $95. pr Acre. Bedste Farmers Co operative Mejeri i Minnesota. God Skole og Kirker. Glimrende Mejerilandt Over Halvdelen af Beboerne er Skandinaver. Skriv efter Liste på andre Farme. x- ALLEN & MORNEAU, Milaca, Minn. Det er værd at bese denne Farm. Udvalgt 160 Acres, 3 Mil fra Willow River, fed Lerjord med Lerunderlag, 50 Acres z bedste dyrkbar Tilstand, Kontrakt er overdraget for Opbraekning af 15 Acres, som vil *ke i Løbet af kort Tid. 8,000 Fd. Tømmer,og rigeligt af Brænde til Brændsel i Aarevis. Nyt Hus 14x24, "lein" 12x16, en Etage, stor "Hip-roof" Stald ny Størrelse 32x40, 14-Fod-"Post", nyt Hønsehus 10x18, god Brønd, ved Ho, elvej. Rural Delivery og Te lefon. Pris $49.00 pr Acre, Viikaar $3,000 kontant, t'esten i 5 Aar til 6pCt. Skriv efter eærmere Oplysninger til C. M. E RICK SON, Willow River, Minn. Gode Farme og udmærket land til Farming i Skandinaviske Settlementer nær Hines, Beltrami Co., Minn., god Beliggenhed og godt Vand. $15. pr. Acre og op„ paa lette Viikaar., Den rette Plads for Nybegyndere, som her kan kjøbe $odt Land ligesaa billigt som der betales i ældre Settlementer. Skriv efter Beskrivelser og Oplysninger til Tto. 80. Stands! Læs! Tænk! Kom! 130 Acres, alt jævn sort Muld jord, Lerunderlag, ingen Sten paa Farmen eller Stubbe paa Landet, 70 Acres i god dyrket Stand, indhegnet, Kilde og Bæk nær Stalden. Hus, moderne Stald 32x60, Høstænge, Silo, "Root Cellar", andre Bygninger, R. R., Telefon, 1% Mil til Mejeri og Stores. For at værd sætte Farmen må De se den, derfor kom uden at skrive. Pris $6500 kontant $2500. Resten paa lette Viikaar. Hvis personlig Ejendom overtages kan Overdragelse ske øjeblikkelig. -REGJERINGS "HOMESTEADS". Regjerings "Homesteads" kan er holdes, uden at man behøver at bosætte sig eller dyrke det nordlige Minnesotas "drainage" Territorium i Beltrami Co., paa lettere Viikaar end under den almindelige Lov. Ved en Lov bedst kendt som "Volstead Act", afsatte de Forenede Stater visse Dele af deres Minnesota Land til Beskatning for "Drainage" Formaal og til lod saadanit Land at blive solgt for "Delinquent ditch taxes" under Minnesotas Lov. paa samme Maade, som om det havde været i privat Besiddelse. Sfriv efter nærmere Oplysninger til vibere rettede han en varm Tak til Kvindeforeningerne i Norge for deres Indsamlinger af frivillige Bdrag til Sømandsmissionen, og til Lederne af -Sømandsmissionen, og til Lederne af -Sømandsmissionen. missionen, fra hvem han læste op et Telegram, og til sine Assistenter vcb Kirken. Af bisse har Jacobsen været ansat i Sømandsmissionen Tjeneste i 47 Aar. Han takke ogsaa Regjeringen for beit Støtte, ben havde vist Sømands missionen, som er en privat Institution, som bliver drevet ved private Midler, og Regieringens Repræsen- tant i London, ben tjære norske Arbejde har mødt hos den norske Koloni, færlig afdøde Ole Møller og hans Enke, afdøde Fredrik Dessen samt Fagelund, Koloniens ældste Medlem. Den sidste har skjænket 50,000 Kroner til en ny Kirke og stillet yderligere 50,000 Kroner i Udsigt. Han rettede ogsaa en varm Tak til de andre skandinaviske Sø mandsmissioner, af hvilke den sveN sængt og finske havde sendt sine Hilse 'ner, medens dm danske var repræsent Arbejde, Missionen har udrettet ved at hjælpe Søfolk, som er langt borte fra Hjemmet, og ved at tage sig af Sømandssamilier og skaffe dem lidt Hygge og Glæde. Minister Vogt læste derpaa op Gra tulationstelegrammer fra Kongen, som takkede Missionen for dens Ar bejde for vore kjække Søfolk, fra Kir kedepartementet og Regj eringen. Mi nisteren omtalte den høje Stilling, Kirken indtager i det norske Folks Bevidsthed, og hvorledes Religionen staalsætter Viljen til at gjøre sin Pligt og yde de Ofre, som i disse Dage kræves af den norske Sømands stand. Tilslut rettede Generalkon sul Eckell en Tak til Pastor Heuch og Frue for deres opofrende Arbejde ^blandt Sømændene og til Assistent 5- W-ttrW. Herman Jacobsen for det lange Virke, han nedlagt i den samme Tjeneste. Til en øret Landsmand og elsket Ben. Af Sigv. Wdvik. Det stak i vort fjerte,. da Budskabet kom, at Herman Fjelde bar" død. Du var os faet kjær, bi drømte ej om fem snart dig at miste, din Plads at se tom,— Det følges få haardt et Stød! Vi miydtet med et, hvad.hu talte off skreb, få vakkert om Fæbrenes Hjem om Folket vi kom fra, om hvad de stred, om deres Bedrifter i ^rig og Fred, Du bad os ej glemme dem Du rejste Minder om Norges Momd, så vide i fremmede Land du bar dit Fædrelands Fædreland frem, og viste den rundt for de Tausinde Hjem, font rejstes pga fjerne Strand! Du manet os, ikke at glemnæ vor Mor, det gamle, agtede Land du mindet os derom i Skrift og Ord, at hære vor Faders og Moders Jord, Din Tale bar trost og fand! Dog nu er du borte, bi fer dig ej mer, at bandre iblandt os omkring bi havde dig alle faa inderlig tjær, hhad enten bi bodde dig fjernt eller nær,— Du ejet bort Hjerte og Sind! Men Nordmænd rundt Paa den vide vil elske dit Minde—meb-Savn, og over det rejse en Bauta stor, som Tak for du æret Norge, bor Mor Den på fM bære dit Nabn! Minister, font er afholdt af alle ®ø ntænb, og Generalkonsulen, som al Jtib har vist en varm Interesse for I Kirkens og Missionens Arbejde. Han mindede om, hvilken Velvilje detb I senteret ved Festligheden af Pastor Summer blev brugt til Drik i de Brostrøm. Heuch fremhævede det Forenede Stater. Store moralske, religiøse og nationale Minneapolis. Bryllup John Jørgensen, som er Solbat veb Fort Dodge, har i et Par Dage været hjemme hos sin Familie i Richfielb og Benyttede Lejligheden til at holde Bryllup meb sin Forlo bebe, Mrs. Amalia Fielid. Vielsen ubførtes af Pastor Tarpgaard i Hjemmet hos hans Søster og Svo ger, Andrew Clausen, 2515 Cedar Ave. Mr. Jørgensen udtalte sig me get rosende om den gobe Behandling, som Soldaterne nød. Ligeledes udt talte han, at han gik med til Kampen imod Tyskerne ikke alette som ameri kansk Patriot, men med Tanken om den Gjæld, «toi som danske havde til Tyskland. Immanuels Kirkes Menighed og Ungdomsforening hav de i Søndags Fællesudflugt til Como Park, St. Paul. Udflugten var godt besøgt de fleste as Delta gerne samledes om Formiddagen ved Kirken for at Begive sig til Parken i Fællesskab. Der tilbragtes en hyggelig Tid i det grønne indtil om Aftenen, da Himlen aaBnede for Vandsluserne da skyndte de fleste sig at' komme hjem Til Hjemmets Arne. På Ungdomshjemmet. Søndags Aftes talte Clarey Nielsen, som er Princhml for Skolen i Askov, og font for Tiden guar Sommerkursus på Universite tet, på Ungdomshjemmet. Jord, Hans Emne var- „After the War, What?" Mange Opgaver, som fål løses ester Ktigen, blev lagt klart frøn for Forsamlingen. Spørgs maal som, hvad. der får gjøres sor vore saarede Soldater, naar de kom mer hjem, hvad der får gjøres ved dem allesammen, naar Krigen er forb, enten de får have de Stillinger tilbage, som de forlod, og som er besat af andre, eller ikke, hvad Rolle ffal Regjeringen spille i Regulering af Industri. Han talte også meget indtræn gende m, at vi skulde forbyde Spiri wstrafikei:. Med statistiffe Oplys rtinger viste han, hvor svimlende Danias Sommerfest. Foreningen-Daniels Sommerfest sindste Søndag tegnede fra Morgen stunden til at Blive en stående Af fære, Solen kastende sine mülle Straaler på Festkomiteens Med lemmer, ba be i ben aarle Morgen stund gå sig på Vej til Festplad sen for at ordne alt, inden Festens Deltagere mødte op. Efter Middag en Begyndte disse at indfinde sig, og i Eftermiddagens Løb afholdtes for skjellige Væddeløb og Sportskonkner rancer og lignende, der bar Tøtting og v. Dansen gik lystigt til Mudders fortryllende Toner, og alt gik livligt, og en festlig Stemning her ffede ver hele Forsamlingen. Men ingen kjender Dagen, før Solen gaar n-ed, og om Aftenert aabnede Skyerne sig, og et stærkt Regnskyl sluttede den ellers indtil den Tid vellykkede Fest. Automobil Trucks kom i Gang, og snart var alle Del tagerne på Vej hjem men det var en rigtig Tycho Brahes Dag, for da den sidste Truet var kommen godt På Vej, svigtede Maskinen, og den sad fast i Mudderet, og Passagerer rte, som hovedsag elig besto af unge sommerklædte Damer, -maatte vade gjetmem Mudder og Vand men hel digtiis kom alle hel og holden til Sporvognen, selv om de fleste var bleven dygtig gjennemvaade. Folkefest. St. Peders danfte lutherske Men ighed og Ungdomsforening indby der Danffe til en Folkefest ved Lake Nokomis i Mrs. Rands Park Søndag den 28. Juli. Festen begynder bed Middagstid. Der bil blibe Tale og 'Sang. Adgangen er fri. Mad kurve ntebbringes ber vil blive op taget en Kollekt for Kaffen. Nær mere Program i næste Uge. „1905". Foreningens næste Møbe bliver Onsdag næste Uge, ben 24. Juli, og afholbes hos Mr. og Mrs. Holger Jespersen, 2639 Colfax Ave. S. Alle er velkomne til Foreningens Møber. Den i sibste Nimster omtalte Sommerubflugt, som Foreningen agter at afholbe, vil rimeligvis finde Sted Søndag den 28. Juli, og denne Gang gaar Turen til Anoka, om alt forløber efter den føreløbige Bestemmelse. Men herom vil Læserne Blive holdt imberrettebe gjennem Blätter. Læsser. 15. Billigt irrigeret Land i abnes for Laudsøgere den 15de August Som bet vil først af det andetsteds Bladet. indtagne Avertissement fra Hr. Frank P. Keith, M'ssoula, Montana, er der aabnet en usædvan lig gunstig Anledning til at erholde billigt Land i Wyoming, ibet 5,000 Acres af irrigeret Land aabnes for Landsøgere ben 15be August og bet til ben billige Pris af kun 50 Cts. Acren. Landet er aabent for en hver Person, som har fyldt 21 Aar, og man kan erholde op til 160 Acres, eller mindre, eftersom man øn sker bet. Grøfterne til Landets Ir rigering er allerede færdige. Ester de Udtalelser, font foreligger, må dette Land henregnes til noget af bet bedste, som kan opdrives i Nord besten h ver eneste Acre er dyrkbar og saagodtsom alting kan avles paa Lanbet. Gobt irrigeret Lanb har jo ben ForbeL at man saa at sige er uafhængig af Vejr og Vinb, ba man selv kan tilføre Lanbet ben fomøbne Væde, naar man ønsker bet. Salget af bette Lanb kontrolle res af Regeringsmyndighederne i Wyoming, font selv har fastsat Pris sen paa Lanbet og Afgiften for Van det, og som direkte udsteder alle Hjemmelspapirer til Kjøberne. De vordende Landejere vil faa alle mo derne Bekvemmeligheder, saasom Telefon og Postlevering ved Land postbud: For en Mand med sam Midler aabner der sig her en gun stig Anledning til hurtigt at blive en uafhængig Farmer. Salget af dette Land er lagt i Hænderne på Hr. Frank Keith i Missoula, Montana, og den ovenfor nævnte Statskontrol ved' Salget er en Borgen for, at dette er i de bed ste Hænder og hos en Mand, til hvem man med Tryghed kan hen vende sig. Skriv på Engelff til Keith efter nærmere Oplysninger og Beffrivelfer. Laurens, New York. Tiben har taget en Vering. 9ht er Tiben, ba vi skal have Føbemib ler, ber må frembringes mere og mere vort Folk trænger, vore Al lierede trænger. Det gamle Orb: Uben Mab og Søvn buer Helten ikke, flaar til nu. Føbemibler vil hjælp betybelig til at vinde denne Krig, det er nødvendigt at have nogle til at dyrke Jorden, ligesom det er nødven digt at have modige, kraftige unge Mænd ved Fronten. Jeg læste en Artikel, skrevet af Mr. F. Moldenhaver, Albany, New York, „Hvor skal Landmænd saa Hjælp fra?" Han skildrer Sagen godt, han kjender Forholdene her, da han har saa meget dermed at gjøre, ?ra Statens Side. Nu er Spørgsmaalet, hvorfor fål så mange gode Farme ligge hen uden at yde den Afgrøde, som be kunde, til Samfundets Vel? Raabet lyber: Frembring Føbevarer, få Frihebens Kamp kan vinbes. Her i denne Egn er der Lanb meb en FreMtid i Sigte, som kan opbyrkes meb smaa Mibler og Taalmodighed. H. Lund, Laurens, Otsego Co., New York. Hvad er et Hjem? .Det er en ubestængt Verden af Strid og indestængt Verden af Kjærlighed. Det er et Sted, hvor de Smaa er store og de Store smaa. Det er Faders Rige, Moders Verden og Børnenes Paradis. Det er et Sted, fe vor vi måtte mest, men Behandles Bedst. Det er Midtpunktet for tzor Kjærlighed, det, omkring hvilket vort Hjertes Bedste Ønfker slynger sig. Det er det Sted, hvor Maven faar tre gode Maaltider om Dagen og Hjertet tusinde. Det er det eneste Sted, hvor vore Fejl og Misgreb glemmes under Kjærlighe dens KaaBe. Darlig Trøst. En gammel amerikansk Landsby skrædder, som havde været gift fire Gange, og fom netop for fjerde Gang var Blevet Enkemand, følte Trang tilTrøft og gik derfor enSøn dag i Kirke, Præsten talte om Livet efter dette. „Tænk jer, kjære Ven ner," sagde han Blandt andet, „hvor herlig bet vil Blive, naar engang es ter Døden alle de lykkelige ZEgte skaber, som Døden har opløst, kan fortsættes i evig Lykke." Skrædde ren rejste sig øjeBlikkelig og gik ud af Kirken. Han traf en af fine Ven ner.og fa': „Jeg g ik i Kirke for at søge Trøst. Men i Stedet for Trøst fik jeg en ordentlig Skræk i Livet Efter Døden skal jeg være gift med alle mine fire Koner, sagde Provesten." Deres Mave Hvad er ÉATONIC? er der adskillig Misnøje over, at Regjeringen forlanger alle Registre ringskort indsendt til Ottawa inden en Uge. Man havde ventet, at Kor tene vilde Blive stillet til LandBrugs departementets Disposition, saa man kunde faa- sikkert Overflag over den sar LandBruget disponible Arbejds kraft, men det er umuligt at klassificere Kortene i det forte Tidsrum as en Uge. Man anser derfor Registringen for helt værdiløs, forsaavidt Landbruget angår. Der vil nemlig hengaa et halvt Aars' Tid, inden man i Ottawa kan faa klassificeret Kor tene. Og Landbruget trænger som BefjertM til Arbejdshjælp til Høst Vore Torvemoser. Landets Brændjels administration har Gang på Gang opfordret alle, som bruger Kul, til at gjøre deres Bestillinger uden Ophold for at det tilgjængelige Forraad kan fordeles mellem de forskellige Landsdele på bedste Maade. De, som ikke allerede har gjort dette, bør ikke vente en Dag længere, om de ønsker at fe deres KulkaMre nogenlunde veltyldte til Vinteren. For det vil blive lige saan knapt med Kul iaar som isjor, om ikke knappere. Skulde Krigen trække ud, hvilket er sandsynligt, vil Landet stå forart en Kulnød, som vil Blive værre og, me Sort, old, blandt andet på Grund as utilstrækkelig Arbejdskraft, og det vil da Blive, den private Forbruger, som må ttnme på sit Kul-Hold ikke Diet eller sult Dem selv-U&d. Eåtbnicw gølte det, laa De kan være sikker pås Resultatet For mange Mennesker med sva- ufordøjet Mad blandet med J3?? ge og syge Maver stoler på, at re, ingen Kvalme Hovedpine eller sult Diet skal gøre det Hele godt igen Oppustet, tung Fornemmelse estéir Hvis dé fæstede deres Lid til Maalider. ©ATONIC vil. hurtigt EATONIC Filler, vilde de ikke sikkert befri Dem fra alle dia* bliv^ skuffet. se ubebaigelige Tilfælde. Enhver Dett^ enestaaende Præpérat vil. Druggist vil fortælle Dem, at det "ATONIC, siger: er. et vidunderligt forbedrende "Jeg-jjpsker, at alle, soyi lider Mavemiddel opdaget af H. L. Kra- af Maveonde, skal prøve EATONIC mer, den Mand som ogsaa opda- °s derved bevise diets mærkelige, gede Oascaréts. Magt til åt regulere Maven og hjælpe Dem til at fordøje hvad- SSfL- SSf*. Vidunder somhelst, De spiser, og regulere en sur, med Gas og Syre opfyldt 1 viwi? s Mave i Løbet af faa Minutter. dln8^ EATONIC har i Tusinder af Til- de? ?t/r tI Tiu^ fælde tievist sin Duelighed til at TrLmf EATHNTO» sidste formilde Dyspepsia og Uf or døj 3- L®! ?™aM lighed. Spørg straks Deres- Druggist om tt i tx ^. EATONIC. Det vil befri Dem frå Hvis De tygger en EATONIC iMaveelendighed i nogle faa Miniit PiHe efter hvert Måltid, vil De ter og vil hjælpe -tU at oveJ hurtigt blive befriet fra Deres staa det værste Tilfælde af Dy Maveonde. Ikke mere tfalsbryn- spepsia eller Ufordøjelighed i me de, ingen Opstød eller Opkastning get kort Tid. wre fra 8te for Star. @ftmfom i"enbc' M°d Hq-re Kvlpns« fW« Krigsvirksomheden her i Landet ub, vrdes. og Landets Tonnage -ges. bil at omgjøi-e æ»t#_ Regjeringen trrenge til mere og i" ®ntfer'( fiul. Det er tbiblfomt, om Kulmi. iff 5« -wet god°«esul nernes Produktion kan øges i fam.itater- Sn„r,„„ Brug, da Regjeringen^ Behov maa tilfredsstilles. Under disse Ornstoenwheder bør Folket se tg om efter andet Brand. 7^ I wå fånde er at otdnbe, og 1° f-r mm tager Skridt. denne Ret- mng desto bedre. Selb om man faat omtrent Kul nok til at klare sig gien- |6rugte nem den kommende Vinter, er det I Minnesota og Wisconsin findes vibstrakte Lejer åf Brændetorv (peat).. De ligger nu unyttet men vis en systematisk Drift blev sat.i Gang, vilde de levere ol^en Brænd sel, som Folket i de Stater behøver. Brændetorv er ganske alminbe lig paa flere Steber i de nordiske ^cmbe ^Skandinaverne har faolébleø bedst at forberede sig paa, at den drebet med Bare Zotb. Og mart noefte Vinter og følgende Vintre kan blibe bærre, hvilket er uundgaaeligt. $0t6 om Stigen skulde trække i Langbrag. Norvesten er forholdsvis heldig stillet med Hensyn til Brændsel. Minnesota og Wisconsin har Bræn deved i Overflod, og nær Voksestedet er Prisen paa Ved nogenlunde rime lig, om ikke Billig. I den sydlige L)el af Begge Stater vil „Cord Wood" Blive dyrt, fom Forholdene nu stiller fig men det er at antage, at Staten i Nødsfald vil gri&e ind for at skaffe Ved til rimelige Priser, om der ikke skulde være andet Brænd sel at faa. Minnesota har allerede taget Skridt i denne Retning. Det gjælder imidlertid om at lægge. Pla ner i Tide. Det er for fent at Be gynde at hugge Ved, naar Kulden sætter ind. Nord og Syd Dakota har store Lejer as Lignite Kul, fom kan forsyne Folket Baade i disse Sta ter og de nærmeste NaBostater med Brændsel. Disse Kul er ikke af de Bedste men de er fuldstændig gode nok til HusBrug. Mere Burde gjø res for Udnyttelse af disse udstrakte Kullejer i saa Fald Behøvede. Folket i store Strøg af Nordvestens træløse Vidder ikke at ængste sig for Bræmb sel i de kolde Macmeder af Aaret. 4 praktisk KjendskaB til dette Brænd Sel og kuyde tage en lendende Del i Arbejdet for at udnytte Torvem erne. Det er for sent at Begynde at skjære Torv nu til Brug næste Vinter- men det er følg at begynde Arbejdet for at begynde Arbejdet for at skaffe Forsy ning for den følgende Vinter. Angående Minnesotas Torvlejer har Statsauditor Preus meddelt en Del interessante Oplysninger, som fortjener almindelig Opmærksom hed. Disse Lejer sindes hovedsage lig i den nordlige Del af Staten og er få udstrakte og mægtige, at de ifølge Prof. E. I. Sopers Overslag kan levere ikke mindre end seks Tons as tør Torv. Torben, som den forekommer i Mosen, indeholder fra 75 til 85 Pro cent Vand. Vandmængden må Bringes ned tik25 Procent, før Tor ven er Brugelig til Brændsel. Den fra Arilds Tid Ljendte Fremgangs maade. er at skjære den op i firkan tede Stykker, omtrent som Mursten i Størrelse og Form, og saa tørre den i Solen. Som Brændsel har Torv samme Vægt af Bløde Kul. Den kræver mindre Træk for at Brænde og efterlader ingen Slagger og lidt Asie. Matt har gjort Forsøg paa, at presse Vandet ud ved Tryk eller drive det ud ved Hede men paa Gruttd af den lave Pris paa Kul, som har været ma dende, har man ikke sundet dette Kramer, Opdagenen at 8T* at|T m5d1ole8 4 „mifL?ra mij1 V®r' S e n y Y r,lrrløn- ^rfllmaatø ftg anbetiebS. Man enJ"c» nmtaabe 6"c »i-i y ben r., Der er endnu ingen TorvfaBriker «°b° gamle Soltør Ring og derefter Knus ntng til „Machine Peat". Minnesota. Men man har oster ihvad Mr. Preus opster, I menteret med Torv i Fabriker meb ^dizt Udfald. et eleSrisk An- r,tior ma'6ru#e gu[ om scmTons blø. Dagen, begyndte man at eeftntte æon w wb a foItewet mte $6g man 2 $on$orb/ og f(ta vide- re foc &bet få 6eIe s[ntcesøet fortfatte mc6 ot 6ruge udelukkende fa£ttetlflc mml lmget- uben nogen Klage fra Fyrbøderen og uden noget Tab af Kraft. Der var ingen Forandring i Ovnen eller Ud stebet. Minnesota Torv har ogsaa, været brugt veb Fremstilling af Jern vg Tilvirkning af Gas, Coke eller Træ kul. Torv er, sombekjenbt, et vær bifulbt Gjødningsmiddel. Torv blandet med Molasses-Affalb er ub mærket Kreaturfober, især for Slag tebyr, som lægger hurtig paa sig med dette Fober. Den finder des uden Anvendelse paa mange andre Maader i Industrien. I det nordlige Minnesota er der hundreder af Kvadratmil af Torv moser, hvor Torvlaget varierer mel lem 1 Fod og 30 Fod i Dybde. Den Værdi, som ligger unyttet i disse Moser, er overmaade stor. Det er paa Tide at tage Skridt til at udnyt te denne Rigdomskilde. Det vigtig ste for nærværende er, at man her har en rig Kilde til Brændsel, som bør uden Tibfplbe for at sikre Folket Brændsel i Tilftelde af,.. -Z at Tilgangen paa Kul skulde for minfles fra År til andet, hvilket ikke kan unbgaes, om Krigen kommer til at vare ub over næste År. Det vil næppe falde vanskeligt at otzdri-' ve ben fornø Sne Kapital for Drift is stør Stål nu, ba forstandig Torvdrijst, siert vil lønne sig på Grunh af be if høje Kulpriser. Skviv efter Prøvenummer af Blad.

bpt6k57632266_1

French-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

L'Écho des jeunes : journal littéraire

None

French

Spoken

15* ANNÉE. — N° 244. LE NUMÉRO : 15 1"' AVRIL 1904. Pli IN Cl l'A UN COLLA IJOliAÏEl'RS MM. CLOYIS HUGUES— ERNEST CHEBROUX — HIPPOLYTE BUFFENOIR — EDMOND TH1A UD1ÈRE -GAKRIEL FERRY — ANTONIN LUGN1ER — A1.1 V1AL DE SABL1GNY— A RY—EDMOND TEULET— A. CAPDEV1LLE — FERNOEL— ROBERT DOUCET--GABRIELCLOUZET-FORTUNÉ REYNIER -JULES PRÉVÔT G.GALLOT R. TREBOR — GIÏOKCÎES CH1BOURG T REVET — G. HA RM Ol S — LUCIEN POURET — M. SURV1LL1ER. SOMMAIRE Programme ilu 24' concours de L'Echo des Jaunes ■—■ Un Malade intéressant (Ernest Chebroux). — Petite Chronique (Ali Vial de Sabligny). — La Pensée (Eugénie Casanova). A une Morte (Petit Poucet"). — Poisson d'Avril (Pic de Ger). — Grnce et Aratro (Jules Prévôt). — Sous la Neige et les Obus (Fernand Delisle).— Echos. — Bibliographie (Gabriel Clouzet). — Pall-MallThCâtre (R. Trébor). — Carte du théâtre de la guerre Russo-Japonaise. — Variétés (G. Gallot). — Le Lion amoureux (Frédéric Soulié). —• Son Mari (Comtesse de Pcsquidqux).—Annonces. •—■•—^^&gt;—m ■ Un Malade intéressant Deux bons bourgeois près de moi font tapage, Le premier dit : — Tout peut être entravé. 11 est souffrant, il tousse. — Quel dommage! Dit le second. Bah ! vous aurez rêvé. Pendant ce temps, du quatrième étage, Un ouvrier tombe sur le pavé. Les deux causeurs, sans bouger davantage, Que s'il se fût agi d'un chien crevé, Reprennent:—Vrai, pour nous quelle panade, Si cette nuit ne guérit le malade ! Puis ils s'en vont en se serrant la main. Or, savez-vous de quoi ces gens de Bourse S'entretenaient ? Mais d'un cheval de course Qui ne pouvait courir le lendemain. ERNEST CHEBROUX. 24e Concours de h'ECHO DES JEUNES du lcl Avril au 30 Juin 1904 Le 24e Concours de L'Echo des Jeunes, ouvert du ^''r avril au 30 juin 1904, est divisé en trois sections : j"! Section Prose 2' Section Poésie 3" Section Musique Les sections Prose et Poésie comprennent tous les genres, ne dépassant pas 300 lignes ou vers. l'KlX ATTK1HUÉS A CHACUNE D'ELLES : lrr Prix. — Médaille d'argent avec diplôme 2e Prix.— Médaille de maillechort » » 31Prix. — Médaille de bronze » » 4° à 8° Prix. — Diplôme d'honneur 9l: à i8u Prix. — Diplôme de mention honorable Les oeuvres ayant obtenu les trois premiers prix seront publiées dans L'Echo des Jeunes. Pour la section Musique le sujet imposé est une Marche. PRIX ATTRIBUÉS A CETTE SECTION : Ier Prix. — Médaille d'argent avec diplôme v 20 et 3e Prix. Diplôme d'honneur. 4° à 6" Prix. — Diplôme de mention honorable Le morceau ayant obtenu le i&lt;!r prix sera exécuté à la représentation annuelle de L'Echo des Jeunes. Les manuscrits, écrits lisiblement d'un seul côté du papier, signés et portant l'adresse de l'auteur, doivent être adressés à M. le Directeur de L'Echo des Jeunes, 9, rue du Mont-Dore, Paris (17"); ils seront soumis à un jury d'examen que présidera M. Ernest Chebroux. Le palmarès du Concours paraîtra dans le numéro du Ier août. Les médailles seront délivrées gratuitement aux lauréats et les diplômes contre remboursement de la somme de o fr. 50. La condition nécessaire pour prendre part au Concours est d'être abonné au journal (voir bulletin page 47). 11 sera répondu à toute lettre contenant un timbre pour la réponse. :i« L'ECHO DES JECNES Petite Chronique Georges Danton , cette grande ligure de la Révolution, possédait déjà deux statues, Tune à Arcis-sur-Aube où il naquit le 28 octobre 1759, l'autre à Paris sur le terre-plein de l'Ecole de médecine . La ville de Tarbes lui en a dernièrement élevé une troisième rendant par la même occasion hommages aux volontaires de 92. La cérémonie d'inauguration, bien que contrariée par une pluie battante, a revêtu un caractère très imposant. Le monument qui se trouve sur la place de la République et qui est dû au sculpteur Edouard Desca produit dans le cadre au milieu duquel il se dresse une profonde impressio.i. L'artiste a représenté Danton debout, la tête fièrement levée, le point gauche convulsivement serré, le bras droit tendu comme pour accentuer d'un geste large une de ces phrases enflammées avec lesquelles, aux périodes les plus troubles et les plus critiques de la Révolution il électrisait les masses, la physionomie de Danton ' est bien empreinte du sentiment de force qu'il possédait. Le socle est en granit blanc orné de plusieurs bas reliefs en marbre. Danton appartient à l'histoire, à ce titre nous lui devons une notice biographique. D'une énergie prodigieuse, d'une intelligence vaste et féconde, d'une inspiration ardente quant au moral il était physiquement d'une stature athlétique et avait une voix tonante.ll exerça d'abord les fonctions d'avocat aux conseils du roi, adopta avec enthousiasme les idées nouvelles et ne tarda pas à rompre avec la cour en même temps qu'il prenait un grand ascendant sur le peuple. Au club des Cordeliers qu'il fonda, il professa les doctrines les plus avancées. Membre en 1791 de l'administration départementale de la Seine, et l'année suivante, substitut du procureur de la commune de Paris, il fut un de ceux qui dirigèrent le plus activement la journée du 10 Août et qui contribuèrent le plus à faire prononcer la déchéance de Louis XVI-, nommé alors par l'assemblée législative ministre de la justice, il montra, lorsque l'entrée des Prussiens en Champagne répandit une consternation générale, une confiance qui releva tous les courages. Malheureusement il ternit sa gloire en ordonnant dans les horribles journées de Septembre le massacre des prisonniers, en organisant la terreur, et en faisant promener la guillotine par toute la France. Appelé à remplir les fonctions de député de la Convention ou il se trouva en rivalité avec Robespierre, il obtint un succès qui s'affaiblit pendant qu'il se retira dans son pays pour y prendre un peu de repos, au fond il n'était pas aussi cruel qu'il le paraissait et dès que la modération lui sembla utile, il s'empressa de la conseiller. Ce fut sa perte, arrêté par ordre de ses adversaires jaloux, il futjcondamné sans pouvoir achever sa défense et mourut sur l'échafaud le 5 avril 1794. Dans sa vie privée il chérissait tendrement son épouse et ses enfants, et les malheureux qui s'adressaient à lui étaient presque toujours sûrs d'être bien acceuillis. ALIYIAL DE SAHLIGNV. lia Pensée La pensée erre fugitive Et bien souvent à l'hoiizon. Comme un regard et s&lt;;ns raison, Voit s'en aller la fleur hâtive. Fleur, que le vent porte à la rive Et fait tomber comme un frisson! Comme un accord, céleste son, Comme la voix se perd plaintive ! Pauvre pensée, âme ici-bas. Porte au .Seigneur notre prière, Epargne à notre heure dernière Tons les regiets qu'on ne dit pas ! Toi qui fus l'aimable pensée, Monte au ciel doucement bercée !... Eu;uiNr; CASANOVA. Â une Morte Un éternel sommeil vient clore ta paupière, Ton rêve qui vivait est mort dans tes yeux morts, Le ciel est-il meilleur?On n'attend rien sur terre Dans ton sombre tombeau, pauvre chère enfant [dors ! Oui dors! Car sur la terre où tout n'est que [mensonges Un ange comme toi, par trop aurait souffert. Reprends tes ailes d'or pour le pays des songes, Tu t'étais égarée en ce sinistre enfer ! Ahquelemondeestfaux! Mais l'au-delà suprême Nous posait son grand point...et tu l'as résolu. Dans mes rêves la nuit, conte-moi si l'on aime Et si l'on est heureux d'un bonheur absolu ! Conte-moi tout cela, dis-moi le grand mystère? Et si c'est le néant qu'on y doive trouver, Alors je comprendrai pourquoi tu dois te taire Et moi quelque beau soir, j'irai te retrouver. PETIT POUCET. POISSON D^VI^IL «T'as mangé du poisson d'Avril» C'est le cri du jour -— Quelle scie ! — Chanté sur l'air de Viens Mi-mil Ou bien de Ma grosse Julie. Donc, aujourd'hui premier Avril, 11 nous faut, ne vous en déplaise, Entendre ce cri si gentil Oui nous ferait tressallir d'aise Tout un long jour ; mais, paraît-il, Le mois entier est bon — la rosse. «T'as mangé du poisson d'Avril» Pour les farceurs quel jour de noce. PIC DE GER. CRUCE et ARATRO 1 Heureux cultivateur! après la canicule La moisson doucement ondule Sur les campagnes. Prends ta faux, Ton havre-sac, tes grands râteaux : Attelle tes beaux boeufs à ta large charrette. Chante! Le ciel est purct la récolte est prête. Mais en voyant tomber les épis aux. grains [lourds, l'ouït ml rcs •ouvier s-toi du moment des [labours. Oh ! si la plaine s'est parée De la riche moisson dorée C'est qu'au printemps l'immense champ Fut ouvert par l'acier tranchant, Car sa fécondité jamais n'est apparue Que sous l'âpre baiser d'un lourd soc de charrue 11 Heureux chrétien ! après le doute qui meurtrit La foi radieuse fleurit En ton âme. Fais ta prière Lève le front, regarde, espère. Baise le crucifix, ouv.c le livre saint, Chante! le Seigneur vient et son règne est [prochain. Mais en faisîlnt vibrer ton hymne d'allégresse, Pourtant ressouviens-toi des jours de ta [jeunesse. Si tu goûtes l'amour fécond D'un Dieu puissant, fidèle et bon, C'est qu'autrefois, comme une larme, La douleur déchira ton âme, Qu'elle connut aussi la morsure du fer, Et devint vertueuse après avoir souffert. 111 Unissons-nous, amis, pourla moisson certaine; Qued'un bras vigilant, sans fatigue arraché, Le chardon meure dans la plaine Et dans notre âme le péché. Travaillons ! le soc vivifie Et la souffrance sanctifie. Labourons ! labourons de longs sillons bien [droits, Nos champs par la charrue et nos coeurs pailla Croix. JULliS PREVOT. L'ECHO DES JEUNES 39 rJOuVELLS SOUS LA «g ET LES Û3HS • Par lanmnâ BELISLE — Eh bien ! dis-jeau journaliste parisien qui me narrait l'autre jour cette mélancolique histoire, vous n'avez pas encore fini, car vous ne me dites pas ce que l'ont maintenant madame Paulino elle petitErnert? •» — Ce qu'ils l'ont ? Parbleu, ils pleurent !... Et ils attendent que la nouvelle assemblée — composée, dit-on, de républicains — daignent Vaire revenir do là-bas leurs corrcligionnuircs — en proclamant l'amnistie... CINQUIÈME PARTIE j LE RETOUR j Au mois de septembre 1879, rai une nuit tiède, toute imprégnée des dernières senteurs doues de Paiilonnc, sons un ciel d'azur l'once, élincelant d'é;oiit s, uno foule d'hommes, de femmes, d'eul'ams. s'acheminait, presque silencieuse vers la gare d'Orléans. Com;%cic, rlio s'aggloméra dans uno impaîioi.'c n:.s.iéto ; — on sentait qu'un grand événement allait s'accomplir... Sncilol, coite foule où les ouvriers dominaicut, m:.''s ii les chapeaux haute forme étaient conbreux: aussi, venaient recevoir les premiers proscrits de la Commune rapatrié? par l'amnistie. Parents et amis se serraient lu main en silence, corn pi suit les riinu'es qui les séparaient da 1 houro bén'e où ils pourraient serrer ïnr leur cro.-i Po-iro chérie manquant au foyer, depuis huit années, — une éternité ! Lorsque l'aube vint timidement tinter de rayons roses l'horizon i;;',;.=.rc, le sifilet do la locomotive, comme s'il n'eut attendu que cosignai de r-rvidl, i'.t tressaillir de joie les assistants, ci le train des déportés entra en gsre, accueilli d'abord par un silence sok-n;iel. On eût entendu lo battement dos ccw rs ronfles!... Des tètes bronzées, amaigries, les yeux humides, se montraient aux portières. .. Le silence dura quelques secondes, puis deux cris immenses, unanimes, retentirent en même temps dans les wagons et, dans la gare : «Vive la France ! Vive la République ! » Et ce fut aussitôt comme un débordement, de joie, de pleurs et de baisers: C'étai à qui éfreiudrail le premier les exilés aux longues barbes, aux véléments délabrés, auxjouos creuses ! Ceux qui niout pas assisté à cette première arrivée ne peuont sr. faire i.no idée. Los reporters « figarisiLS cu.mêmes étaient émus!... Perdue dans la foule que n'essayaient plus de contenir les gardiens de U p„ix une jeune femmepaie, vèl e de noir, donnant la main à un bel enfant d'une douzaine d'années, courait comme uno folle, de groupe en groupe. Matelauii: &lt;;;, indécise, elle s'arrêtait oaribis devant un déporte, puis, secouant la teie, elle reprenait hâtivement sa course. Soudain, un homme au teint basané,, jeune encore, mais dont la barbe ciles cheveux noirs élaieni parsemés de quelques (ils d'argent, la saisit à l'iinprovisto et l'appuyant contre sa poitrine, la voix tremblante, les larmes aux yeux, s'écria : « Pauline, Pauline, uo reconnais-tu pas ? » — Roger 1 Oh ! lo beau groupe qu'ils lormèrent en s'enlaçam lous trois ! Le pauvremoblot avait pourtant bien changé : nul i/ei'u reconnu l'élégant jeune homme d'autrel'uis dans Pcx prisonnier noir, hà.e, couvert d'une vareuse rapiécée, cuilfée d'un vieux chapeau do paill. de l'orme étrange, portant un piiiii paquet au bout d'un long bàion... Mais qu'importait tout cela? ; ils étaient réunis ! Le landau du brave ami X...attendait à côté de la gare. Par un sentiment do fine délicatesse, X... n'était pas venu, préférant les laisser seuls pendant ta première heure. Mais Boulon de jais, en grande livrée, le chapeau à la iniiui tenait la poitière ouverte. La joie qu'éprouvait le bon petit nègre — d. venu grand — lut donnait la plus choie do ligure du monde, car il s'efforçait do conserver l'impassibilité d'un valet de bonne maison. Roger lui tendit la main; — Boulon de jais interdit, éblo i, en lai.-sa tomber son chapeau, puis regardant cette main qu'il osa toucher à peine, il ouvrit une bouche énorme et hurla : « Vive la République ! » Les spectateurs do cotie scène intimo applaudirent, en répétant joyeusement le cri du bravo nègre, qui se répercuta, de groupe en groupe, jusqu'au bout du boulevard. Enfin, la voiture partit, et à travers la brume automnale qui s'évaporait transparente sous les rayons d'or d'un . splcndido soleil, vers les rives du lleuvo irisé de tons d'nrc-en-c'el, la foule suivit longtemps, d'. n regard attendri, cet élégant équipage en-rainant au trot do ses grands ebovaux do race ce charmant enfant, cette jol'C tcmii.o et co pauvre rapatrié. ..... « • . .««••• Roger a emmené sa famille dans un adorable coin do la Provonco. où il est né, où son aïeul et son père sont morts. Les flots bleus;de la Méditerranée baignent son petit domaine. Une allée de lauriers rose--:;, grands comme des arbres, conduit à la vieille maison toute tapissée île grenadiers grimpants. Des bois d'oliviers et d'orangers*4.'étagent ic long des collines où passent, entre chaque pierre, le romarin et la lavande et, ça et là, des gerbes d'or de mimosas. Tout, le, pays est embaumé. C'est un Eden ! "* Les paNsans ont offert à Roger de le nommer conseiller, maire, députe, que ^Ma'fsV. leur répond : ce Vous me -ommerez capitaine de trancs-tneuis Vi amais la République était menacée au dedans ou au dehors. Jusque-la, mes ! bons amis, laissez-moi a mes auties amours. j §?w Feniand DELISLE. ;■ ECHOS Le banquet, annuel du «Syndicat de la Presse Suburbaine » a eu lieu le 23 mars dans les salons Bonvalet, sous la présidence de M. le Ministre de la Marine. Un grand nombre de iiolubilil.es du inonde littéraire et politique assistaient à celte fêle. La Chambre a volé un projet de résolution présenté par M. Buuelin, et tendant à autoriser une émission de bons à lots en laveur des Associations et des Syndicats de la Presse. Celle émission devra produire 10 millions, remboursables en soixantequinze ans. Le dîner donné en I honneur du 1(12° anniversaire de Victor Hugo a été des mieux réussi. M. Jacques Dulir pour I' « Athénée de Fiance » et M . de Courcull pour la Société des Hugo pli il es. présidaient. Parmi les nombreux convives, il y avait, beaucoup de dames, et beaucoup de belles •toilettes. Remarqué: -M. et .M""' Ihiqueni. M. et M1»" de Marlhold, M"'1'» de Dion, Moiilehicourt, PhilippeCallois, .M. et .M""' Pollack, M. el M""' Viberl. M""* Lhomen, le Cheieli, Abou Nuddara, MM. Corlainberf, Ihivera, de Laimoy, Ducroeq, Dupriez, Charpentier, etc. Après le discours de M. Bonneval, fui, magistralement .exécutée par M1"" Morena Ybanès, de l'opéra royal de Madrid, MM. Kibièro et. Walcl, Ions deux de l'Opcra-Comique.. une eanlale sur les« Misérables», poésie superbe deM. Dupriez, mise en musique par M",n Philippe' (■nilois qui accompagnait son letivrc, pour lii(|uell(.elle a eu une véritable oriil.icn. Le. morceau liliaI admirablement enlevé lut d'un puissant ell'el. M.WaleL'Iè violoniste distingué, accompagnépar M"1*' Philippe (iallois, lit enlendre ensuite une rêverie exquise de sa composition, et la mazurka de AYiénaski qu'il joue de façon inimitable. Au concours de poëines organisé à l'occasion du liuilièmeyCougiès National de la Mutualité, le premier prix a été décerné -à M. MarcelBéliard, oflicier d'académie, receveur de l'enregistrement àLegé (LoireInférieure.) Nous recommandons aux personnes charitables qui ont des effets, chaussures et linge (pour hommes, femmes et enfants,) devenus pour elles hors d'usage, de vouloir bien en aviser la « Maison du Pauvre », 119, boulevard Voltaire, qui fera prendre les objets afin de les distribuer aux malheureux. m L'ÉCHO DES JEUNES BIBLIOGRAPHIE Sous les Cendres, poésies par J.-B. DAGHER (Vanier, éditeur). Voici le troisième volume de l'auteur qui a écrit : Souvenirs d'Orient et Idéal, et réalisme (Vanier éditeur). Nous avons salué en sympathie d'art, son précédent recueil (i) non sans quelques restrictions quant à la forme. Cette fois c'est un poëte affirmé que nous présentons au public, poëte mûri par les épreuves de la vie autant que par l'expérience littéraire. Sous son ciel d'Asie (J.-B. Dagher habite Beyrouth), il s'est fait, loin ne nos luttes intellectuelles une langue de douceur et de passion. [Un critique pointilleux qui ne juge que sur les défaillances passera près de cette humble fleur de poésie, dédaigneux; un poète la ceuillera et lui trouvera des parfums subtils ; elle a des simplicités d'eau pure sur un lys solitaire. A toi ces tristes vers, à toi, ma pauvre amie Que j'ai longtemps aimée et qui pourtant [m'oublie. De cette oeuvre, il se dégage lu bonté indulgente des coeurs meurtris. Ses mélancolies ne sont point hautaines mais compatissantes. Heureux l'homme qui peut, en sondant sa [mémoire, .Se dire : je n'ai fait dans ma vie aucun mal. Les pièces intitulées Triste Souvenir et Premières amours, sont d'une tristesse douce et d'un charme idyllique. On vit de souvenirs comme on vit d'espérance. Prière jaillie d'un coeur aimant, la poésie La Bonté ne pouvait être mieux dédiée qu'à Ernest Chebroux ; elle est d'une élévation digne de celui qui l'a inspirée. La Déroute est un morceau épique de grande allure et dans Le Parvenu, nous avons trouvé la vigoureuse peinture du fourbe incestueux d'une ampleur toute balzacienne. Ce sujet scabreux a été traité avec une aisance de style qui fait honneur à J.-B. Dagher à qui nous envoyons dans son exil le fraternel hommage des poètes. Conférences Littéraires, par M"° VACHERIE DE LAPORTE, préface de Eugène DEFRANCE (chez M. Desormes, 4, rue du Bellay, Paris). (I) Revue des Poètes, juin 1903. M 11" Laure Vacherie de Laporte vient de réunir quelques-unes de ses conférences en un élégant volume. Cet ouvragées!' un document précieux pour l'histoire de la chanson. Les deux premières conférences sont consacrées à cette forme gracieuse et populaire de notre poésie. En premier lieu M"" de Laporte parcourt tout le cycle de la chanson, aussi vieille que l'humanité, et nous initie à toutes ses transformations à travers les époques idylliques ou troublées de l'histoire. Sobre de citations, mais d'un goût très sûr, cette étude analyse toutes les beautés de ce genre éminemment français, et, depuis les chansons de Gestes jusqu'à Béranger, Nadaud et Dupont, jusqu'à la chanson de Montmartre, c'est une charmante évocation des effusions naturelles de l'âme humaine dans la joie et la douleur. La seconde conférence est consacrée à la chanson Vendéenne, aperçu de la poésie fruste de la campagne, des vieux refrains transmis à travers •les âges parla tradition jusqu'aux plus récentes chansons de terroir. Une élude sur la fable, cette soeur de la chanson clôt ce volume écrit d'une plume alerte, dans un style fleuri. C'est un livre de « bonne foy &gt;&gt; de bon sens et de bonne humeur, avec ce charme qu'exprime le portrait de la spirituelle conférencière qui nous sourit à la première page. GABRIEL CLOUZET. PALL-MALL-THÉATRE Nous avons eu la joie d'avoir ce moisv-ci au Théâtre Antoine la première représentation d'une oeuvre forte et remarquable: Oiseaux de Passage, de MM. Maurice Donna}' et. Lucien Descaves. Peu de pièces laissent dans l'esprit une empreinte aussi forte, peu de pièces arrivent à des situations aussi tragiques par des moyens aussi simples. Pas de mélodrame ou du moins si peu au quatrième acte. L'intrigue en est très simple. Une jeune russe nihiliste Véra Levanoff se prend d'amour pour un jeune français, Julien, qui se trouve en Suisse à la même pension qu'elle. Nous assistons aux progrès de cet amour qui, à mesure qu'il augmente, rend Véra plus douce, plus humaine, plus femme en un mot. Son mysticisme peu à peu l'abandonne. Mais cette désertion initie Tatiana, sa meilleure amie, qui, coûte que coûte, veut rompre l'union projetée et y arrive en lui prouvant que le mariage blanc qu'elle avait contracté il y a. déjà plusieurs années avec un nihiliste déporté pour ce fait en Sibérie, n'est pas rompu par la mort de son mari, mort qu'on nous avait apprise dans le courant de la pièce, puisque son mari vit toujours. Alors la foi revient au coeur de Véra, le nihilisme la reprend toute entière et elle quitte le pauvre Julien absolument désespéré. Tel est grosso modo le sujet de celte pièce qui a été jouée et mise en scène comme il est eie tradition au Théâtre Antoine. Tous et toutes sont excellents et les plus grands éloges doivent être adressés à MM. Chelles, Grand, Signoret, Matrat et Antoine lui-même, qui ne craint pas déjouer un des plus petits rôles, à M'"cs Mellot, parfaite dans le rôle de Tatiana, Grumbach, Denège, Méry, Miller, Barsange et Van Doren qui débutait dims Oiseaux de Passage et s'en est tirée à son honneur. Entendu à la sortie, cette réflexion d'un de nos meilleurs avocats qui s'est spécialisé dans les affaires belges: « Bien intéressante cette pièce, mais elle fait trop penser-, j'ai un mal de tête ! » Quel plus bel éloge pourrait-on donner à l'oeuvre de MM. Donnay et Descaves. A propos de La Dette, la nouvelle pièce de MM. Gavault et Georges Berr que vient de représenter l'Odéon, nous avons entendu une fois de plus répéter le cliché traditionnel : « C'est l'erreur de deux hommes d'esprit, mais il ne tarderont pas à prendre leur revanche.. » Eh bien ! je me demande si cette erreur n'a pas été commise sciemment, si MM. Gavault et Benne se sont pas dit: « Faisons une bonne petite pièce odéonienne que les jeunes filles pourront venir applaudir sans danger, mais qui cependant n'ennuiera pas les parents. De plus, comme nous sommes dans un des derniers temples du théâtre classique , n'oublions pas eie nous inspirer du répertoire, du Cid par exemple. Imaginons un Rodrigue et une Chimène bien modernes avec des sentiments conformes à ceux de notre époque. L'ÉCHO DES JEUNES Carte du théâtre de la guerre Russo-Japonaise Les personnages du Cid étaient grands, les nôtres seront mesquins ; Le Cid était une tragédie héroïque, La Dette seia une pièce bourgeoise ; Le Cid était signé Corneille, La Dette sera signée Gavault et Berr... » Les auteurs de Madame Flirt ont donc parfaitement réussi ; ils ont voulu nous donner une pièce honnête, médiocre, qui ferait de l'argent; seule la dernière clause restera probablement lettre morte. Car le public a été déçu ; il croyait avec de telles signatures trouver une comédie gaie, spirituelle, joyeuse, et il se trouve en face d'une pièce purement sentimentale qui rappelle assez les comédies larmoyantes de la fin du xviit" siècle, époque où, comme vous vous en souvenez, la sensiblerie fut élevée à la hauteur d'une institution. Comme la pièce, l'interprétation est très odéonienne. Nous y voyons l'éternel Albert Lambert — on ne peut se fio-urer l'Odéon sans Albert Lambert— Burguet, Janvier, Daims, Liser, Tess.tnclier, excellente comme toujours, M"" Thomsen bien jeune pour faire un rôle de mire, et la charmante M:,c Sylvie qu'on voit avec un plaisir toujours nouveau, mais qui devrait bien se rappeler que l'Odéon mène à tout, à condition d'en sortir. Le mois de mars a encore vu éclore deux reprises : La Boule aux Variétés, et Le Courrier de Lyon à la PorteSaint-Martin. Ces deux pièces sont trop connues pour qu'il soit bien nécessaire d'en parler ; toutes deux, dans leur genre sont des chefs-d'oeuvre ou presque, et les directeurs auraient pu faire un plus mauvais choix. La Boule est supérieurement interprétée par MM .Brasseur, Huguenet, MaxDearly, Prince et M'" 05 Jeanne Rolly, la talentueuse artiste de chez Antoine, dont on se rappelle le grand succès dans L'indiscret, la fine comédie d'Emond Sée, Lavallière, toujours exquise, toujours fantaisiste, l.acomhe, etc. Peu de théâtres possèdent une pareille troupe et avec de tels éléments M. Samuel pourrait presque se permettre de donner n'importe quelle pièce ; un drame en vers de M. François Coppée aurait même du succès! Dans mon dernier Pall-Mall, j'ai parlé du Théâtre du Peuple si intelligemment dirigé par M. Beaulieu. On m'a fait remarquer avec juste raison que j'avais négligé de mentionner le Théâtre Populaire, à la tête duquel se trouve M.-E. Berny, le frère de l'aimable directeur des Mathurins, qui dans un autre quartier, à Belleville, poursuitlemêmebut que M. Beaulieu : donner efe bonnes pièces bien interprétées pour un prix plus que minime. Montmartre et Belleville sont donc les deux seuls quartiers à posséder de tels théâtres. C'est bien, mais c'est trop L'ÉCHO DES JEUNES peu. Ne pourrait-on pas transformer toutes les scènes de quartier qui se contentent généralement de jouer de vulgaires vaudevilles ou de plats mélos en théâtres littéraires? Vous verriez que les recettes n'en souffriraient pas, bien au contraire. R. TRÉBOR. VARIÉTÉS Insoctes de quarante centimètres L'île de Bornéo possède les plus gros insectes vivanl à la surlace de la terre. On a capturé plusieurs spécimens de la grande espèce mesurant treille et même quarante centimètres de longueur. Ces insectes ressemblent exactement à des morceaux il éeoree brune et rugueuse, si bien &lt;]u ils se distinguent, très peu du Ironc des arbres OI'I ils vivent. Il faut voir dans ce l'ail un curieux exemple de celle grande loi «le l'accomodnliou ties êtres au milieu ambiant. C'est ainsi (pie certaines espèces de papillons choisissent pour habitacles des arbres donl la couleur se rapproche de leur teinte propre, ce qui leur permet d'échapper plus facilement à leurs ennemis. L'insecte de Bornéo trop visible du l'ail de sa taille, sp trouve en partie prolégé par sa l'orme aplatie et sa couleur brun grisâtre qui se confond avec celle des arbres où il gîte. A une faible distance on dirait une excroissance Tonnée par l'écoree même de l'arbre. Di.UAiNCHi; KliVUlî DE L'EXPRESS ni; LYON. (Magazine.) Curieux inventaire En procédant à l'autopsie d'un caïman de forte taille, tué récemment dans u[ cours d'eau de la Guyane Hollandaise , on trouva dans l'estomac du monstre un petit, veau à moil.iédigéré, un crâne humain, une cuiller d'argent, quelques ornements et bijoux « en doublé », une petite boîte métallique contenant du tabac à limier, une lime à ongle, yin casse-noix, un liel&lt;el de chemin de fer, une boîte en corne contenant, douze pièces de monnaie, six autres pièces enfermées dans une boîle d'acier... et une bouteille à fermeture métallique contenant... de la moutarde! L'auteur ajoute: Qui reconstituera les drames et tragédies que représentent, en leur bizarre ensemble les objets de celle collection hétérogène. Extrait de : Du SUD AU NORD. (Journal des Voyages,) Un sanglier rare Malgré sa réputation de rareté, le merle blanc existe : on peut en voir un généralement s éballre chaque jour sur les pelouses du Luxembourg, si Paris. Le corbeau blanc existe aussi et on le trouve dans nombre de jardins zoologiques. Mais il n'en est pas de même du sanglier blanc, dont on parlait, comme d'un spécimen introuvable. Or, le Jardin des Piaules de Paris vient d'en recevoir un. Ce sanglier est d'une blancheur parfaite. LK PETIT FRANÇAIS ILLUSTRÉ (Périodique) Le guide du requin Il existe un petit poisson qui accompagne toujours lereqiiin. c'est le Pilote lldo, et ce nom à ce que les anciens s'imaginaient, que ce petit poisson attendait, les bateaux se disposant, à entrer au port et (|ii il les conduisait de façon à leur-faire éviter tous les éeueils. En réalité il précède le requin ou nage à distanceen suivant les navires, pour proliler de, tous les débris de nourriture qui sont, jetés par-dessus bord. Le requin si féroce envers les autres poissons, ne lui lait jamais de mal et le suit., sûr qu'il le conduira au bon endroit où il trouvera à satisfaireson appétit voraee. LA JjcuN'Essii JLI.US'JKKK. Les bêtes curieuses Je laisse à son auteur la responsabilité delà nouvelle ci-après. Celle nouvelle a pour litre : «Les bêles ■-curieuses». Je reproduis in-exlcnso. Iniiniiiiiil très rare à la surlace du globe, très peu connu cl. qui,d'ailleurs, ne gagne guère, est le disgracieux Oryclérope, désigné pur les Arabes sous le nom d'AbudeI ttif (père possesseur d ongles). Son corps ressemble à une ou Ire à demi-gon liée,sillonnée de plis, qui divergent, à partir du ventre entre les pâlies. Celles-ci sont vraiment énormes et la queue molle et flasque, rampe lourdement sur le sol. .L'aspect, général est. à la l'ois ignoble et grotesque. Par derrière, l'animal ressemble à un sac; les longues oreilles dressées de chaque eôl.é, liguraiil. les ligatures. L'Oryclérope vit -par couples dans les plaines du Konlofan. Comme s'il avait, houle d'exposer sa laideur à la lumière du soleil, il se tienI caché pendant le jour. Il se pelotonne dans un trou profond qu'il s'est creusé dans le sol meuble du steppe, avec ses ongles larges et tranchants. Vers le soir seulement il sort, de sa retraite et se met en mouvement, s'avaneaiil, soit par bonds successifs, soif d'un pas incertain, et sappuyaiil presque uniquement sur f extrémité des doigts. Tandis qu'il marche, sa tète est inclinée, son museau rase le sol, ses longues oreilles pointues sont à moitié couchées sur son dos et sa queue traîne mollement à terre. De temps en temps, l'animal s'arrête pour écouter, car c'est surtout par l'ouïe et. par l'odorat, plutôt que par la vue qu'il se guide et parvient à éviter ses ennemis. Cet étrange animal appartient à l'ordre des Edenlés. Sa nourriture se compose exclusivement d'inseeles, quand il a découvert un sentier • suivi par les fourmis ou les termites, il le suit jusqu'à la Tourmilière, cl, arrivé là, se met à attaquer l'édilice avec ses pattes, faisant, voler la poussière autour de lui et louillanl avec rapidité jusqu'à ce qu'il ait, atteint le centre ou tout au moins unedes rues principales. Alors étendant, et retirant, alternativement, sa langui?, senibliibe à une lanière recouverte d'un enduit visqueux, l'englobe, et fait parvenir dans sa bouen,.surmonl.ee d'un groin ellilé, des légions entières de fourmis. Après avoir dépeuplé un nid, il passe à un autre jusqu'à ce que sa faim soit assouvie. En ces contrée.,, la destruction des gigantesques cités, édifiées par les insectes industrieux est. un bienfait pour liiomine. L'Oryctcrope est extrêmement, craintif ; au moindre bruit il cherche à se terrer. Il enfonce dans le sol son museau el son train de devant et se cramponne avec tant. ;h -vigueur qu'on ne peut l'arracher de sa retraite. Un voyageur raconte qu'ayant saisi par la queue un de ces animaux à moitié enfoui, il dut faire creuser la terre à une grande profondeur pour en tirer un gibier détestable dont la viande était fortement, imprégnée île i'ddeur des fourmis. Voilà certes un pauvre animal « qui aur.iit bien sujet d'accuser la nature ». Les personnes désirant avoir la gravure dont j'ai parlé dans le n" de mars, en rapportant, l'article du supplément, illustré du « Petit Journal » (n"(lu 7 février), devront s'adressera l'Ad mi nisl ration de ce journal : (il, rue Lafayetle, à Paris (!)° an1). Le prix du supplément est de cinq centimes. La feuille illustrée ne faisant pas mention de l'adresse et, de plus, n'ayant pas l'édition ordinaire sons la main quand j'écrivais les reproductions, je n'ai pu complètement renseigner de suite. G. GALLOT. I L'ECHO DÊS'JKUNES 43 PAU VJ3É3&gt;ÉSU1I! SOU LIÉ .1 Le nom de 'iov, appliqu' à une.partie de hv jeunesse liançnise, s'est tellement vulgarisé, que je crois inutile d'enlrer dans de longues explications pour le laiiG adopter à tues lecteurs connue signifiant autre chose que l'hùle tenible des loi", ls, ou l'esclave obéissant de M. Van mbtirgh. Mais quelle est::etleautrc chose? Ou on a bien on g'-iêral une idée vague et qui su 1 lit à la conversation ; on sait que la race à laquelle le lion appartient a ton jours vécu en rame sous divers noms : ainsi le lion s'e-t appelé autrelois rai..né. mutuel, l.oinme à lionnes lorliiiies, rou'i plus tard, nnis.adin, încroyab e. merveiliou ., ef dernièrement enfui, ihiiuly et lashionab'o ; aujourd'hui c est lion qu'on le n :::.me. pourquoi ! Est ce parce qu'il est le roi do cette parce le de la sociét'i qu'on .-,ppo;'e le monde? st-ee parce qu'il prend les quatre parts de la proie que d'autres l'ont aidé à saisir ? .ie ne puis vous le dire ; mais je vais t."cher de vous esquissersa physionomie, et puis vous devinerez, si vous pouvez. « . e lion est en général un beau garçon qui a passé de l'élut d'eulant à l'état (l'boin ne,la prétention d'être un jeune homme étant abandonnée depuis longtemps aux hommes de quarante à cinquante ans ; car, de nos jours,l'êtat de jeune honinecpl presque aussi méprisé que celui de vieillard. Ur, le lion n'ayant jamais été jeune homme, n'a presque jamais fait aucune des soltises jeunes qui parlent du (n'iif. quoiqu'il aime le jeu les emines et le vin. comme disjivt les re rains du le nps eie l'Empire, une des choses que le lion méprise le plus. Mais cet amour n'est pas de l'amour, car ce n'est pas pour eux que ces messieurs ont ces troiâ passions, auxquelles ils joignent, quand ils le peuvent, celle des chevaux. i a véritable passion est, de sa nature, personnelle, cachée, discrète ; la leur, au contraire, est toute d'apparat cl de luxe, ls possèdent leur maîtresse , au mine litre ue leur voiture, pour en éclabousser les passants, et ils dînent aux Icn-'lresdu ea éde Paris parce que ces! l'endroit le plus apparent de 'la capitale en ellel, ils n'ont pas la prétention de boire mais dévider'un giand nombre de bouteilles, ce qui est bien dînèrent, * i es lions sont, donc-en général fort ignorant s de i'amrm", de ses folies les pins passioni'.'-.n-s. de ses honneurs les phis dé.iciits deses espérances insensées, de ses craintes i ri voles, etsurtout de toutes ses charmantes niaiseries. En revanche, ils ont le droit acquis (acquis est hien dit) «le tutoyer lu majorité des choeurs dansants ou chantants de 1 Opéra. Du reste,ils ont cela decomnun ave ; la.;eune noblesse d'il y a soi aale ans, qu'ils ont un pied dans la meilleure compagnie de Paris et un pied dans la plus mauvaise ; mais ils en dill' i en t «-ii ce que les grandes dames d'au ourd'h ni ne les disputent plu&gt; comme autre ois aux tilles entretenues, et les abandonnent aux intrigues des coulisses. Aussi, lorsqu'il s'est rencontré par hasard dans le thJâtre même quelque lemmo qui a eu besoin d'être aim.'c pour se perdre s'est-elle donnée à un pauvre garçon amoureux qu'ils avaient r.élri d'avance de l'épithète de bourgeois. Ceci dit, nous pouvons commencer notre histoire. ; II ! C'était-il y a quelques jours,à 1 heure de midi ; «n lion de la plus belle encolure descendit de sa voiture et entra au calé de Paris. Son entrée excita un très vit étonnement pour leux raisons majeures ; la première, c'est qu'il était i habillé ; la seconde, c'est qu'il demanda son déjeuner comme un homme qui est pressé et qui a quelque chose à faire. i i Un de ses amis le regarda attentiveI ment de l'oeil sur lequel h ne mit pas son lorgnon, et lui dit : — Ou diable allez-vous comme ça, Sterny ? i — Je vais à un mariage. — Qui donc se marie ? dit l'interrogateur. Et tout aussitôt une demi-douzaine de têtes se levèrent ; on échangea des regards,on chercha au plafond, et chacun répéta en soi-même la question : — Qui donc se marie ? Sterny vit cette pantomime, et se hâta d'y répondre d'un ton indifférent ■ en disant : — Personne, messieur-. personne ; c'est une aflaire p.urliculié;c. — Et à quelleheute en serez-vousdébarrassé ? — Je n'en sais rien ; mais je m'esquiverai immédiatement après l'église quand je ne serai plus nécessaire. — Yous êtes donc nécessaire ? j — Je suis témoin du lutur. 1 — Témoin du futur ? répéta-t-bn de tous côtés. — Oui, reprit .Stemy qui voyait ■ l'étonnement se peindre sur tous les visages ; oui, témoin du filleal de mon père. 11 m'a écrit à ce sujet une lettre qui ne me permettait pas d« re user à ce brave garçon un'plaisir qu'il cousit dère comme un grand honneur. Voilà tout ce dont il sagit ; et maintenant, ajouta Stemy en se levant, achevez de déjeuner en paix. A ce soir ■ Comme il sortait, l'un d» ses amis lui cria: — Où se fait-il, ton mariage 1? Ma foi, je n'en sais rien. Le rendez-vous est chez la luture..., rue Saint-Martin, à midi ; il est midi, un quart.... Adieu ! Il partit, et quoique cet événement ! lût d'une très-mince importance, il n'en lut pas moins le texte d'une assez longue conversation. — i e vieux marquis de Sterny, dit un li'.s de potier enrichi qui professait un-grand respect pour les traditions héréditaires, le vieux marquis de Sterny si gardé un peu des habitudes de patronage de l'ancienne noblesse; donc ce qu arrive à Sterny serait une chose (hissez bon goità faire; mais mal;-r,' son grand nom il n'y entend rien, et an lieu d'être bon et aflectueux pour ces pauvres gens, il va leur porter un air ennuyé ou moqueur, et pourtant... Pourtant, dit un ex-beau de quarante ans, à qui l'on contestait le titre de lion, élégant fort gros et très laid, espèce de pédicure opulent, qui appe ait. toutes les femmes la petite....; pourtant cela pourrait être amusant; il y a de très;-jolies femmes parmi tout ça." — Jolies, oui, s écria un vrai lion, existence inconnue dont la spécialité avait; un certaine .-té artistique qui consistait à protéger la fantaisie et l'art; jolies,oui,mais cesontdes bourgeoises. Ab messieurs, reprit le fils du potier l'ancienne noblesse faisait cas des bourgeoises Psi dieu ! reprit le lion artiste, les bourgeoises d'au trel'oisçaseconçoit.Des ennes hlles qui ne savaient rien de rien: des 'emmes qui n'en s'avaient guère us en erni es dans la pratique des pieu devoirs de la famille ; pour qui Jes plaisirs du monde, les arts.la litt.' rature étaient d'un domaine où elles ne pouvaient aspirei ; qui regardaient cel boni ie de cour comme le serpent feiiLileur de la Genèse. Pénétrer dans celle vie y jeter l'amour, le désordre, joue:avec cette ignorance de toutes "choses,l'étonner comme on l'ait ùun enla ni avec des contes de fées, ce! a pouvait ê1 te .ort amusant, et je comprends parfaitement la passion du maréchal de lie eieu pour madame Michelin. Mais le otirgeoises d'aujourd'hui, douées pou !n p'upart d'une moitié d'éducai't e dont elles se servent avec un. niij.erturbableimperlinencepourne s' tonner de rien ; des virtuoses qui jouent 'es sonates de Steibelt et qui "'décident entre Rossini et Meyerbeer en j 'faveur du •rjst.ill.on de Lon'jjumeau ; des,bas bleus qui lisent madame Sancl ; comme étude, et qui dévorent M. Paul de Kock avec bonheur ; des artistes qui se tout peindre par M.. Dubulïe et qui en uminent des lithographies ; des femmes enfin qui ont des opinions sur ■'■l'assiette de.l'impôt etsurl'immortalité del'àme c'est ignoble, et je comprends tout 1 ennui de Sterny. 111 Cependant celui-ci était arrivé à la ne .--iiint-Martin. Ce our-là notre lion n'avait aucun rendez-vous ;il n'y avait ni courses, ni bois, etilne volait à aucun plaisir les deux heures qu'il allait consacrera Prosper Gobillou, le filleul île sou père: 11 se serait ennuyé ailleurs, il venait s'ennuyer là ; il ne mettait, donc aucune importance à ce qu'il taisait, et entra chez M. Laloine, plumassior, sans parti pris d'avance d'être d'une façon, ou de l'autre : c'est une commission qu'il Ti:«-:ait. .11 arriva à point: on n'attendait j ;■-'.; s que lui.il sien :;; er.ul sans u'on le lui montr t le rnomsdu monde, et seerutdispenséde .s'e-a-usee. On lui présenta l;i imiriée ■ ni n'osa pas le regarder, puis les parents, et vit que les jeunes gens se, i'inis aient du coude pour se le montrer lorsqu'il saluait ou panait. 11 chercha ces yeux' quelqu'un à .ui s'ae.rocher, ei ne vit aucun homme dans la conversation duquel il put se mettre à l'abri de cette curiositj. Slernyse retira dans un coin, tandis que la famille se donnait; mille soins pour organiser le (i'parl, lorsque entra tout à coup une {■re.iule jeune lille (jui s'écria : -(juiiiui e vous disais que "aurais changé de robe avant que votre marquis ne soit arrivé. ! ■Lise!... dit sévèrement M. Laloine, 1 an dis &lt; ne tout le mon;-"demeurait dans Ja siupélaction de cette incartade. :.e regiird de M. Laloine dirigé vers Léonce montra à sa lille quelle grosse inconvenance ellevenait de commettre, ci celle-ci rougit comme le beau lion n'i'tva'il. jamais vu rougir. --l'ai-don, papa, je ne savais pas... ni! elle en baissant lat:te, tandis ;ue ~M. t.iiloine s'approchant de Sterny,"lui dit avec un air paternel : — (l'est une enfant qui n'a pas encore seize ans et qui ne sait pas encore se lenir. Merny regarda celle enfant qui était belle comme un ange. — C'est voire Jil'le aussi ? dit Léonce. — Oui, monsieur ie marquis, une enfant; g fée, qu'une affreuse maladie du ci ur alnilti nous enlever, et qu'il iVuif ménager encore. C'est pour cela (;ite je ne l'ai pas grondée. Eh bien veuillez me présenter à eî cet m'excuser de mon inexactitude. ' ; a n en vaut pas .la peine, repartit T,!'. Laloine. ne laites pas attention à col ic morve.ise. Mais ternyn'étaitpoint de cet avis; jamais il n'avait rien vu de plus charmant eue celte lille si belle, Pendant &lt;iii; sa mère'la grondait, doucement, et semblait lui recommander d'être .bien raisonnable, elle avait jeté un regard lui-lit sur le lion, regard in uisiieui'et peu bienveillant,et elle avait conclu le sermon de sa mère par un i cil geste d impatience voulant dire Ci' s-clni renient : — .Fêtais sure que ce serait un i: oulile iète ! Cepcnd.anton partit pour la mai rie et l'on mil Léonccdans la voiture de la mariée avec madame Laloine et un des t'moinsdecettelamille. Heureusement que e trajet n'était pas long ; car ces quatre personnes étaient fort embarrassées, et lecollègue de Léonce ne trouva rien de mieux que de lui dire : — Que pensez vous, monsieur, de la que lion des sucres ? sterny n'en avait aucune idée, mais il répondit Iroidement : — Monsieur, je suis pour les colonies. — Je comprends, dit amèrement le témoin ; le progrès de l'industrie nationale vous tait peur. Mais enfin le gouvernement veut tout ruiner en France, c'est un parti pris. i t là dessus le monsieur entama la question, qui dura j'usqo à la mairie san qu il l'ut besoin que personne prit la parole. . , , ., Léonce ne pensait déjà plus a la belle Lise, et conimen -ait à trouver la t ehe l'ali nnte. On arriva, et comme Léonce venait, de descendre de voiture, il aperçut Lise qui, le visage rayonnant, venait de sauter de la sienne.11 se passa en ce moment une espèce de petit embarruqu tut peut-être la cause première de toute cette histoire. Lise donnait le bras ;&gt; "iin grand jeune homme décoré du nom de garçon d'honneur et qui touchait à Merny. Lise, appelée par une autre /eune lille venant derrière elle,se retourna pour rétablir une l'eur dérangée dans sa coi Hure, tandis que le garçon d'honneur restait immobile tenant son bras ouvert en cerceau pour recevoir le beau bras de la jeune Lise. Mais an moment o.'t elle achevait son oiiiee. une vnx appela le -enne homme en tête du cortège. Il s'éloigna, tandis rue Lise, passa son bras dans celui qu'elle rencontra à *a portée.et qui se trouva être celui du beau lion : alors elle se retourna vivement en disant : — Allons, dépéchons-nous ! A l'aspect du visage de -terny, elle poussa un petit cii et voulut se retirer; mais Léonce serralebras,relintla main, et dit en souriant : — Puisque le hasard me le donne, je Veux en profiter. — Pardon, monsieur, répondit Lise, mais je suis demoiselle d'honneur ; je ne peux pas, M. Tirlot se tâcherait. — Qui ça, M. Tirlot ? — Eh bien ! le garçon d'honneur, c'est un droit... — C'est un droit que je lai disputerai en champ-clos.dit le jeune s:o», qvA s'imaginait dire la chose du èjondeiapîus insignifiante. Lise le regarda do tous ses yeux, et répondit d'une voix émue : — Si c'est comme çs monsieur.venez, je lui dirai que c'est, moi qui l'ai voulu. Cette phrase et l'émotion avec laquelle elle fut prononcée prouva à Léonce que Lise avait pris le champ-clos au sérieux, et qu'elle était persuadée que.le marquis eut tué le garçon d'honneur s il s était permis de faire une observation. Cependant tout le monde était entré dans la salle municipale, Léonce et Lise entrèrent, les derniers, et la jeune lille se hâta de dire :* ..,.., — C'est M. Tirlot qui m'a iniséel'i sur le trottoir, et sans M. le marq ii &lt;, à qui j'ai été force de de i.ande son bras, je n'aurais pas eu de eavabr. Le mot cavalier djse:m nril.t m peu Léonce : mais le maire n'él.ul pas arrivé, et laule de mieux, ii s'assit à côté de mademoiselle Lise. .1 né sut d'abord que Jui dire, et évidemment il la gênait beaucoup par sa pr'senco. Léonce voulut taire le bonhomme et djt en souriant doucement : — Voilà un our qui lait battre lo coeur aux Jeunes filles... Lise ne répondit pas. — Ce t un yrand jour... Même silence. — Et qui arrivera sans doute Lient.t pour vous ? — Ah ! que ce maire est ennuyeux ! dit Lise, il se lait ton ours attendre.

<urn:uuid:2e61c811-5c74-42a0-9c4f-1afea35ed52b>

French Open Data

Open Government

Various open data

https://francearchives.gouv.fr/facomponent/e409cdd9ec4fead029cf4397d89f41857b7a29d1

francearchives.gouv.fr

Spoken

"Généralités sur l'Armée secrète", émana... Document d'archives : "Généralités sur l'Armée secrète", émanant du Comité de coordination

messiahpulpit01conggoog_6

English-PD

Open Culture

Public Domain

Messiah pulpit

Savage, Minot J. (Minot Judson), 1841-1918 | Church of the Messiah (New York, N.Y.) | Harry Houdini Collection (Library of Congress)

English

Spoken

This little Catechism has grown out of the needs of my own work. Fathers and me, " Our diildren are constantly asking us questions that we can- Perfectly natural! Their reading and study have not been such as to laakc them familiar with the results of critical scholarship. The great modem revolu- tien of thought is bewildering. This is an attempt to make the path of ascertained truth a Utile plainer. This is the call for help in the home. Besides this, a similar call has come from the Sunday-achooL Multitudes of teachers have little time to ransack libraries and study large worka. This is an attempt, then, to help them, by putting in their handa, in brief fompass, tlie prindpal things believed by Unitarians concerning the greatest The list of reference books that follows the questions and answers will enable these who wish to do so to go more deeply into the topics suggested. It is believed that this Catechism will be found adapted to any grade of scholars shove the infant cUss, provided the teacher has some skill in the matter of interpretation. G£a H* ELUS CO., PubUihert, 272 Coofrea Su Bottoo, Ma«. PILLARS OP THE TEMPLE By MINOT J. SAVAGE sue, S}ix7h tnciini pt^t», 226; price, 90 cents net; by tatJUf 99 cents Dr. Savage is acknowledged to be one of the foremost preachers of liberal religion in this country, and his books, whether on religions or other subjects, have a wide circulation among many different classes of people. In this last volume each chapter deals with car- dinal points of religious belief from the author's Unitarian point of view. "The God we Worship/* "The Christ we Love," "The Heaven we Hope for," "The Hell we Fear," indicate the Ime of topics treated. The foundation truths of religion cannot be too often emphasized or repeated, and when such wholesome religious teachings can be put into Dr. Savage's own simple, direct, reasonable, and forceful way, the resulting volume appeals to all who are willing to be guided by clear and fearless thinking. The chapters of this particular book go far to clear up confused popular ideas about the subjects dealt with. The pillars upon which this temple is reared are sturdy columns of rational religious conceptions which devoutly concern the development of the higher life. Rev. Robert CoUyer writes a brief introduction, telling of the circumstances under which he became in a way sponsor for the material now published as " Pillars of the Temple." PUBLICATION DEPARTMENT American Unitarian Association 25 BEACON STREET, BOSTON j.3 PnblMwd •We«kly. Prlo ♦l.SO a year, or^^f^y^ ^lyyle. coyy ** Same great cause, Go<Ps new Messi^f^\i «^ ^ 10' ■/ MESSIAH PULPIT NEW YORK (Being a continuation of l/nily Pulpit, Boston) SERMONS OF M. J. SAVAGE Vol. IX. NOVEMBER ii, 1904. No. 7. OUR POOR RELATIONS, THE ANIMALS. GEO. H. KLLIS CO. 37a CONGRBSS StKBET, BoSTON 104 £. aoTH Strbbt, Nbw York 1904 KidtrtdtU thg Poft-cffic*^ Bosicn^ Mms.^ as stcond-class mail matUr. This is thy brother, this poor alvcr fish, Close to the surface, dying in his dish ; Thy flesh, thy beating heart, thy very life; All this, I say, thou art, against thy wish. Thou mayst not turn away, thou shalt allow The truth, nor shalt thou dare to question how; There is but one great heart in nature beating. And this is thy heart, this, I say, art thou.. In all thy power and all thy pettiness. With this and that poor selfish purpose, this And that high-climbing fancy, and a heart Caught into heaven or cast in the abyss, — Thou art the same with all the little earth, A little part; and sympathy of birth Shall tell thee, and thine openness of soul, What jear t> death and what a life is worth, P. H. Savagb. OUR POOR RELATIONS. THE ANIMALS. I HAVE chosen four or five difiFeient passages as texts, because I wish you to get in mind the range of expression contained in the Bible on this subject. First, I call your attention, without quoting them, to the twenty-fourth and twenty-fifth verses of the first chapter of Genesis in connection and contrast with the twenty-seventh verse. It is where God is represented as having created all the living things below the human, and then, in quite a different way, as having created man. Then in the twenty-fifth chapter of Deuteronomy, at the fourth verse, you will find the words, "Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the com." In the twelfth chapter of the Book of Proverbs the tenth verse reads as follows: "A righteous man regard- eth the Hfe of his beast, but the tender mercies of the wicked are cruel." In the tenth chapter of the Gospel according to Mat- thew the twenty-ninth and thirtieth verses read as fol- lows: "Are not two sparrows sold for a farthing? and not one of them shall fall on the ground without your Father: the very hairs of your head are numbered." And then, for the last verse, in the ninth chapter of the First Epistle of Paul to the Corinthians, Paul quotes and comments on the verse which I read from Deuter- onomy: **For it is written in the law of Moses, Thou shalt not muzzle the ox when he treadeth out the com. Is it for the oxen that God careth, or saith he it alto- gether for our sake? Yea, for our sake it was written." If we go far enough back in the history of the world, we come to a time when the chronic relation between man and the animal world was one of warfare. It Mras necessarily so ; but, unfortunately, this condition has left inherited traces which are not yet outgrown. Note the conditions. When men first emerged from the purely animal condition, they were the weakest creatures, almost, on the face of the earth. The huxnan child still is the weakest of all the young that begin their career on this planet. Men had no natural weapons of the ordinary kind with which to fight against their enemies, the animals. For you must remember that the animals were enemies, rivals. They occupied the ground; and, if men were to have any peaceful habitation, they must clear it of these animals or bring them in some way under control. And man had no natural weapons. He was not as strong as a good many other animals. He was not as fleet of foot as other animals. He had no horns nor hoofs nor poisonous sting with which to defend himself. Where did his strength, then, lie ? It was in just that peculiarity which has made him, as the years have gone by, the master of the world. He had a certain added brain power, so that he was wiser than they. He could outwit — that is, out-know — ^his rivals and his enemies. And there was a physical peculiarity. He not only began to stand upon his feet; but this wonderful fact — did you ever think of it ? — that the thumb is opposed to the four fingers in men, and that so they are able to grasp, was apparent. They had hands. And with these hands they could tear off a limb from a tree and use it as a cudgel ; and with this brain power they could think out various devices; they could chip the flint, and so come into possession of knives or spear-heads. They could go on discovering and making various kinds of weapons with which to protect themselves. But for a long period of time men veritably fought for their Uves with the other animals; and the world has not yet, curiously enough, outgrown that condition. Before coming to the present time, however, let me ask you to note something of strange significance in the Bible. I wonder how many of you ever noticed it? Wlien the conquest of Canaan was going on, the Israel- ites are told not to destroy their enemies, the previous possessors of the land, too rapidly, lest the wild beasts increase in such numbers as to threaten their very ex- istence. You see the strenuousness of the warfare in so modem a time as that. But it is going on to-day. Every year in India there are hundreds of thousands of men and women and chil- dren who lose their lives. The tigers, the serpents, the different wild beasts of the jungle, are continually prey- ing upon them. So that men have had to fight the ani- mals in order that they might live. And out of this necessity there have grown up certain inherited feelings of antagonism that we need to-day to outgrow and leave behind. I wish you to note another strange phase of human development. I suppose every nation in the world has passed through this phase. You do not have to go back 90 very far to find it. We find it to-day in our story books, particularly those that the children enjoy. In these books the animals think, can talk, converse with each other and with men. There is a tribe of people of whom I have read — ^I do not this moment recall its name — who to-day tell us that the monkeys might talk if they only would, but that they keep still through fear that they might be set to work if they showed too much intelligence. We do not have to go back too far before we find a time when people believed in identity of life and nat- ure between themselves and the animals. They wer« not so very different a kind of being. They were sub- stantially the same. Indeed, we find that condition of^ things on this continent when it was discovered. You are aware of the fact that many a tribe of Indians traces its descent from some animal that they call the totem of the tribe. They trace back to the tortoise, the bear, the wolf, and so on. And they veritably believed that they were descended from some one of these animals. For these animals possessed the same kind of natures that they did. The gods they worshipped were their own human ancestors, having entered into the spiritual world, become invisible, and endowed in the popular imagination with a tremendous increase of power beyond that which they used to possess when they Hved here. And it might be the souls of some of these ancestors inhabiting the bodies of some of the animals. There was the possibility of intercommunication of Ufe and office in this way. And here is the basis for much of the practice of sacri- fice that has obtained in the past. The people beheved that the animal which was sacrificed was of the same nature as the god, and that they also possessed the same nature as the animal and as the god ; and so in this cere- mony there \^a8 intercommunication of nature and life, a re-establishment of vital bonds between themselves and the god, — ^bonds of worship and obedience on their part, bonds of protection and care on the part of the deity. The next step to which I wish to call your attention was a very easy one to take following this. You are aware of course that perhaps at least a third part of the inhabitants of the world, if not more, still believes in the transmigration of the soul,— not merely that the same soul at different periods of the earth's history may in- habit different human bodies, but that the soul may in- habit the bodies of animals, of birds, of reptiles, of insects, of anything that lives. Being so near to the time when they believed in the practical identity of nature of all the different forms of life, you see how easy it was for an idea like this to spring up. Andy when we go among the Buddhists or to India or to other parts of the world where this belief obtains, we may wonder at the attitude which people maintain towards animals; but we are not to think that it is the kind of tenderness that we think ought to exist to-day towards lo^er creatures. It is fear oftentimes. The people are afraid to kill an animal or a bird. Why ? Lest it may be the body of some man, perhaps some friend, some member of their own family. And in this way they commit sacrilege, they offend the gods, and perhaps as a result they may have to pay the penalty in their next incarnation of wearing precisely this kind of a body which they have cruelly or thoughtlessly de- stroyed. So the fact that among these people they do not eat meat and do not kill animals for sport or in any other way when they can help it is simply because it is a part of their religion. It is not natural, human tenderness for the creatures of the lower world. Now I wish you to note another step; and it is a very curious one. It looks as though we were doubling on our track and going back to the beginning; for what has ^nodem science to teach us to-day concerning the ani- mals? That they are veritably, in all Kteralness, our rela- tions, our relatives. It tells us that there is only one He in the universe, from the least, tiniest globule that we can speak of as living up through all forms of vege- table life, of life in the seas, of life in the jungles, of life in the air, dear up to man, — ^life divine, life in God, life 8 from God, life climbing back towards God. That is the teaching of modem science. So animals, then, — ^these birds, these reptiles, the in- sects, whatever has life, — all these are our relations: they share with us the same life that we share with God. And how many of the qualities that we are proud of as men do they also possess? Animals think, reason. I think they do. If you choose to call the process of mind through which tfcey go **instinct," then be consist- ent, and call it instinct in yourself; for, so far as we can trace it, the two are identical. Animals dream, imagine, remember, love, hate. What superb qualities there are in some of them! There is a faithfulness, a constancy, a devotion, developed in some of the dogs that perhaps does not have its equal any- where else in the world. Human love can be tired out, can be killed by abuse, can be starved. But notice the dog. Let him love and be devoted to a master, and neither hunger nor thirst, nor cold nor neglect, nor abuse^ neither drunkenness nor the lowest degree of that which is disreputable on the part of a man, alienates him. He is faithful, constant, devoted still. And these animals love enough so that they sacrifice their lives for each other and for their young. And they love enough so that they die of grief on the graves of their human masters. And similar things are true of other animals besides the dog. We, then, ought to remember, whatever we do towards the animals, that we stand in this vital relation towards them. Remember what they are and what they are capable of. I shall come back to this with some other ideas before I am through. Now I wish to call your attention to a strange and to me. a very sad fact. Whatever the reason may have been for kindness and tenderness, or apparent kindness 9 and tenderness, in other parts of .the world, and what- ever the reason may have been for the absence of these in Christianity, I believe it to be true — ^it is so far as I have been able to study the matter — that there never has been a period in human history when animals have been so abused, so maltreated, so neglected, treated so inhumanly, as they have been in Christendom for the last nineteen hundred years; and yet we worship a man whose distinguishing quality was gentleness and love, and whom we call the Prince of Peace. I wish to suggest one or two things as having some possible bearing on this strange fact. I have read to you several passages from the Bible this morning by way of texts. I wish you to note two or three of them. In the creation account it is said that God made the animals and the birds and the creeping things of the earth, — ^made them just as he did the clouds and the islands, the continents and the seas. Then he made man in a different way. He made him in his own image, and gave him dominion over all these, set him up above them as a king not only, but as having a right — at any rate, this right has been asserted — of exploiting all these for his own advantage and his own pleasure, just as he happened to feel like doing. There is no command in the Bible anywhere to treat animals kindly, to be specially considerate about them. There is this passage I read about not muzzling the ox when he is treading out the com, — giving him a chance to get a mouthful of food now and then in the process; that is what it means. It is said that the righteous man is merciful to his beast. There is a passage that says even the Sabbath may be bn)ken to get a sheep out of a pit, if he has fallen into it ; but it does not say whether it is on accotmt of mercy to the sheep or to save a man's property. Jesus tells us that God notes even the fall of a sparrow ; lO but a large part of Christianity has followed Paul instead of Jesus both in its theology and in a good many other ways. And you wiU note that Paul quotes the i>assage about the ox when he is tieading the com, and then raises the question as to whether that is because God cares anything about the ox. No, he says, not at all, that is for our sake; and then he goes on and deduces the lesson, saying it .has a moral meaning for men, and •nothing to do with consideration or tenderness for the ox. So there was no distinct and definite Christian com- mand to be kind towards animals. Then let us look at the conditions of things, say, in the Middle Ages. I do not remember the precise cen- tury; but about the time of the ninth Louis in France nearly one-half, if not quite one-half, of the entire area of France was reserved as hunting grounds for the no- bility. And what did the nobles do ? These men who ruled the people by divine right, what were they doing? They were fighting, they were eating and drinking, they were gaming, they were playing at love, or they were hunting; and that is all they did when they were awake. The word '* clerk," a man who could read, was a term of contempt. None of them knew how to read ; and he would have been ashamed of himself if he had known. So there was nothing else for them to do except to en- gage in such occupations as I have spoken of. So every day they found their amusement, when they were not busy about something else, simply in killing something. And it has grown into a habit in Christendom. To-day somebody has said that the young Englishman, when he has nothing more important to do, says, **Let us go and kill something. '* That is his idea of having a good time. And so they travel all over the world, — come here with BufiFalo Bill in the Rocky Mountains, go to Africa ri and India — ^purely for the delight of kilUng something. That is their great idea of having a good time. This is the traditional attitude, then, towards the animals that has been maintained throughout nearly the history of Christendom. I wish now — for I am running over these preUminaries as rapidly as I can — ^to point out to you and ask you to consider with me some of the ways by which we are needlessly cruel, — cruel towards these poor relations of ours, the lower forms of life. In the first place I want to speak again of this matter of sport, about which I have just been talking. I do not wish to be too severe, too hard here. I merely wish to ask people to think a little. The Indians of the plains, whatever else they did, never engaged in this mere sport of killing things for the fun of it. They killed animals to get them out of the way, they killed them for food; but I have never known of a case of their killing them merely for amusement. I have carried a rifle ever since I was able to lift one. I love to shoot. I used to love to shoot at birds and beasts and all sorts of living things; but I was not more than twelve or thirteen years of age before — ^nobody taught it to me — the idea came into my mind that possi- bly it was more amusement for me than it was for them, that possibly they did not enjoy being shot. And, then, the further question came as to whether I had any right to shoot them merely for amusement. And, whether I have decided it rightly or wrongly, I have decided in favor of the animals; and I have never taken any pleasure in killing things since. I do not object to a man's fishing and using what he catches for food; I do not object to his going into the woods and shooting game for food; but I never could quite see the prowess of going into the woods merely to shoot a moose or a deer or a bear, something that is 12 possessed of a wonderful life, a magnificent life, which you can take away in a moment, but cannot give back again. How any man can look in the clear, soft, deep eye of one of these wild creatures, and then pull the trigger of his rifle, I cannot understand. It seems to me that it is not the highest type of what we think of as human, — this merely killing things for amusement. And there is another aspect of the case. We are cruel as the result of the commercial spirit. We assume, for example, that we have a perfect right to take possession of a wild horse and tame him for our uses, and then that he is a piece of property, he is an engine, or a ma- chine, containing so much force, and we have a right to use that force for our advantage, to use it up in a year or ten or five, or any number we please, just as it happens to suit our convenience, and then we have a right to fling him away as a worn-out bit of machinery, and replace him with a new one. That is the assumption; and so you will find street railways, for example, estimating the length of life of a horse. And in a gfood many different departments of the world it is the same. They use them up just as fast as it pays to use them up, and then get a new supply. The question as to whether the horse likes it or suffers in the process does not come up for consideration or as to whether we have a right in this way to exploit the lives of our poor relations. This seems never to be considered. I never could understand how, if a man has had a horse that he has learned to love, a horse that has served him well for several years, how he can turn that horse oflf when he gets a little past the best time of his life, let him go into the common market, let him get into the hands of anybody who will wring the last drop of 13 vitality out of him before flinging him to the rubbish heap. If I were a man of means and had a horse that I liked, I would turn him out to pasture in his old age, or, if I could not do that, I would put him into the hands of somebody I knew who would use him kindly and care- fully, and then put him to a painless end. Or, if I could not do either of these things, I would put him out of the way myself. I would not turn him over into what is ahnost of necessity certain last years of suffering, of cruelty, of neglect. There is another way in which we are cruel. We are cruel through vanity. And here the tender-hearted and loving women are the most pitiless sinners of all. Cer- tain creatures, certain birds, are almost exterminated, merely for ornament; and they tell us that some of them are caught and put to death for their plumage just at the time of the year when it means suffering and starva- tion and death for their helpless young. And women, tender-hearted, and who would faint at the sight of a drop of blood, calling themselves religious, will deck themselves out with these trophies of atro- cious cruelty, and then go into the house of God and bend their heads meekly in a hideous mockery of devotion. Men are guilty along these lines of vanity as well. Men want their horses to make a fine appearance on the street, so they adopt the overhead check, put into their mouths a bit that is torment, so that they will appear alive, restless. They dock their tails. They will do all sorts of things purely out of vanity, to make a finer display on the street. I wish these people who do these things could have some parallel thing in their own case for a little while, a bit like this in their own mouths, their own heads tipped Iwtck, and held there until it was torture. The docking is not so bad so long as the horse is in the hands of a kind 14 and careful and wealthy master; but, turned out in his old age, it becomes a source of positive suffering and cruelty. Then there is the cruelty that comes from thought- lessness,— thoughtlessness on the part of men and women. I feel like quoting here a saying of Dr. John- son. Mrs. Thrale was taken to task one day by the doctor for something which she had said or done; and she defended herself by saying, "I didn't think." "Bat, madame," said the doctor, **you have no right not to think." And, when it touches questions of ri^ht or wrong, cruelty or kindness, neither men nor women have any right not to think. Brains were given us for the express purpose of enabling us to think. How many people, not perhaps in the city so much, but in the country through, cause cruelty to the animals by forgetting to feed them, because it is not quite con- venient at a certain time to let them have any drink, neglect them in all sorts of ways, let them suffer from exposure to the cold ! And in the case of our dogs and cats, our household companions and pets, how much of cruelty there is the round year through which is the result of not being will- ing to take a little trouble or from thoughtfulness! You will find people in the spring shut up their houses and go to the country, and turn the household cat loose to starve or annoy the neighbors on the streets. In a hundred ways — I merely suggest them: you know what they are, if you will only stop and think — we are cruel because we are selfish, we are thoughtless, we are not willing to take trouble. And I want to hint in regard to the unconscious cruelty on the part of children. Boys run through and sum up the development of the race from the time they are bom until they get to be men. They pass through a period when they are nothing but barbarians; and barbarism 15 docs not always mean purposed cnidt>\ It means not thinking, ddliglit in animal acthrity, no matter what it costs anything else. So you win find boys — I have been one mysdf — in- stinctively hmi a stone at a binL until every bird in the neighboriiood is frightened when they see a boy oome in sight, — ^jnst because they want to try their skill or see something move; and so they torment dogs and cats and every wild creature of the woods, merely out of the ex- uberance of their tendency to play, to see things go. Why do I speak of this? Because we have power to help oar children to do a fitde thfnking as they grow up. and teach them to be a little kindly. There is no child, I think, who goes into our PSark and sees the squirrels nm up and feed out of his hand, who is not capable of learning that that is a sweeter, finer relation than it would be if the squirrd took to its heels the moment a boy came in sight. Teach them the delight and wonder of our relations to the animal worid, and to live in kindliness and s^-m- pathy towards them. There is one other form of cruelty that I must speak of; and that is the cruelty of modem science in the way of viWsection. I am not going to express myself over- nidically on this subject. I am not at all sure that there have not been cases of vi\*isection which have been justi- fied by the result. There may be cases to-day. I am told by the best autlnmties that there are. But I am inclined to believe that it is unjustifiably overdone, and that there is a large amount of cruelty that public sentiment ought to condemn. If disease can be prevented and life saved in this way, it may be justifiable. But surely it should be reduced to the lowest possible minimnm ; and the methods should be made as humane as possible. So I believe we ought to cultivate a healthy public i6 sentiment in this direction and prevent these different kinds of cruelty so far as we may. Are we responsible ? Here in New York every day are scenes still to make your heart ache, — ^horses overloaded. I walk down Fifth Avenue every morning in the year, and frequently I see from one to half a dozen horses fallen on the asphalt. The head of our Street Cleaning Department the other day told us it was entirely un- necessary, and that it was not the fault of his department, but the fault of our method of sprinkling the streets instead of having them thoroughly and efficiently cleansed. Let us feel ourselves responsible. As the old men in the anti-slavery days here in the North felt themselves responsible for the lash on the backs of the slaves in the South, let us all feel responsible for this needless, this preventable cruelty. How many of us would be willing to take the trouble to give an hour, if necessary, for a complaint against a case of cruelty, to go into court if it were necessary to testify? I should shrink from it, I know, a great many times. I hope, however, I should be decent enough to do it in spite of the shrinking. Let us hold ourselves responsible for these things until we have done every- thing we can to prevent them. And — ^at the end — I have said that men have as- sumed that they had a right to the service of these ani- mals. I am willing to concede that we have a right — if it was a question of a right between the life of an animal and our own — to put the animal out of the way. I am not willing to take the attitude of the vegetarian, and say that we have no right to kill them for food. But have the animals any rights ? We have trained horses, we have domesticated the dog and the cat and a good many other animals that we do not use in the way of labor, but simply keep for our amusement. 17 Have we a right by force to take possession of these independent Hves? I will not discuss that; I simply raise that question; but in all humanity, if we do ex- ercise the power, whether it is a right or not, is it not perfectly clear that we have no right to make slaves of them first and then be inhumanly cruel by the year afterwards? If we take them into our possession and use them for our service and our pleasure, the least we can do is to treat them as well as we know how, and to give them at least comfort, good shelter, food, drink, a little passing kindliness, — to treat them fairly well. I think they have rights. They have just as much right in one way as you or I ; and the tiniest thing, the one whose life is the briefest, ought we not to treat it with peculiar consideration? Here is a little insect. It is going to live only an hour, dancing, fluttering in the sunshine. Shall we not let him have that little hour? What is the use of killing Hm, merely for a whim, the exercise of superfluous power on our part? The animals have a right to live, a right to whatever enjojrment they can get out of life, — just as much right as you or I. Let us concede that right. And let us remember that, if we do not do it for their sakes, we ought to do it for our own. A man ought to be — ^not a gentleman (the word *' gentleman" has been so abused that it does not convey the idea I mean) : he ought to be a gentle man, for his own sake, for the sake of realiz- ing the ideal of his own nobility of nature. Cowper said, you know, that he would not number on his list of friends the man "Who needlessly sets foot upon a worm." Wliy not give the worm a chance to live his little life ? At any rate, we ought to cultivate kindUness for the i8 sake of God, for the sake of our own nattires, for the sake of the same divine and human nature which they share, for the sake of biotherliness, and of love, and make it a part of our religion. Remember that beautiful verse — I could not preach on this subject without quoting it — from **The Ancient Mariner," — "He prayeth best who loveth best All things, both great and small; For the dear God, who loveth us. He made and loves them all." Father, let this same spirit of tenderness and S3rmpathy which is Thy nature be ours, and let us be kindly, not only to each other, but to whatever can suffer or enjoy. Amen. I HYMNS. By MINOT J. SAVAGE, D.D. Uniform with his •■Poems" and ■'Light on the Ciond." Price I1.00. POEMS. By D». SAVAGE. Price reduced to $IJOO. UGHT ON THE CLOUD. By Dr. SAVAGE. Price reduced to J^Tff hetUr gift boohs than the above **Hymns " and **Poems^^ being tpecialiy adapted for the holiday season^ ** Light on the Cloud** for time of bereavement and sorrow, I For nle by bookaellen, or ttnt, postpaid, on receipt oi price by GEO. H. ELLIS CO., Publisher, vi% CoNGnss St., Boctom. 104 East mth St., Nbw Yokk. By MINOT J. SAVAGE, D.D. \ The Passing and Permanent in Relig:ion 336 pp. 8*. it^nei. By mall, $1.50 In this volume Dr. Savage has attempted to make clear die great, positive elements of religion which cannot pass away. In distingoiah- ing these from the transient things, he seeks to assure his readets that they need not be troubled by the necessary changes which are canned by our growth in the knowledge of truth. No really divine thing can be destroyed. The author considers the following topics: Religions and Religion, Theologies and Theology, Universe, Man, Bibles, Gods, Saviours, Worship, Prayer, The Church, Hells, Heavens, The Resur- rection Life. Life Beyond Death V. pp.342. $1.50 Being a Review of the World's Beliefs on the Subject, a Consideration of Present Conditions of Thought and Feeling; leading to the Question as to whether it can be Demonstrated as a Fact. To which is added an Appendix containing Some Hints as to Personal Experiences and Opinions. '* The book is one that every one can and ought to read. There are no technicalities of style to offer an excuse for passing it by No un- intelligible philosoph3r or speculative formulas lie at the basis of the discussion. It is all in plain English. Dr. Savage has the excellent knack of putting profound problems into every-day language. He states the issues and dilemmas of present thought with remarkable clearness, auid with as much boldness as clearness, challenging every mental temper except courage and intelligent thinking. These are rare qualities, and ought to give the work a wide reading even among thoee who are not prepared to follow its sympathies.*' — Prof. Jamks H. Hyslop, in the CArisimtt Jt^gistgr. \ G. P. PUTNAM^ SONS, New York and London Can Telepathy Explain? BY MINOT J. SAVAGE Dr. Savage here discusses problems that have vexed intelligent minds probably to a greater extent than any others, saving those of the religious life. He states a great number of well-authenticated instances of ap- parently spiritistic revelation or communication. His discussion is frank and fearless. This work merits the widest reading, for he deals with facts and experi- ences. Price $t.00 net G. R PUTNAM'S SONS 27 and 29 ▼. 23d STREET - - - - NEV YORK LIVING BY THE DAY Selections for Every Day of the Year from the Writings of MINOT ]• SAVAGE, D.D. By H. G. W. X^tDOf 210 pp., dolii,' gilt top» $l«00 net It is thought that the many friends of Dr. Savage will be glad to have, every day through the year, these words of cheer and hope from him. Our Catalosftses of Caleodafs* Childfen^t BookB» ind Gift Books tent free on applicatioo. E. P. DUTTON & CO., Publishers 31 Veit Twenty-thiid St., New Yo*. UNITARIAN CATECHISM M. J. SAVAGE WITH AN INTRODUCTION BY B. A. NORTON PrftoBy P&pcTt per Copy v - - * 20 cenli " Dou ilM " Ckthr " Copy 30 cenli "Do*. $2.50 INTRODUCTION. ThfB prafftce \ff Mr. Savage gives the reasona, clearly and conciaely, v^y a book Ike Ifaia la nieedcd. It aaawera a great demand, and tt will rapply a serioas deficiency. Hawfag had die privilege of reaifii^ the contents very thoroughly^-l gladly record my thlaniop in the duuacter of the work, my hope of its wide acceptance and use, my ■WwLilion of the anthor's motives in prepaiing it. The qaesdons and answers allow ef BoppleoMnling, of individaal handling, of personal direction. It is not a hard-and- iMi ptodoctioB. There is a large liberty of detail, explanation, and unfolding. The dnrtiinal poaitions are in accord with rational religion and liberal Christianity, the criti- cat iodgaients are based on modem scholarship, and the great tim throughout is to assist la iaqalnsr or pupil to a positive, permanent faith. If any one finds comments and trt'u tains wixich at first sight seem needless, let u be remembered that a Unitarian cat- echxBs miMt give reasons, point out errors, and trace causes : it cannot simply dogma- tae. I am anre that in the true nae of this book great gains will come to our Sunday- ' ifhoola, to aearchen after truth, to our cause. Edward A. Horton. AUTHOR'S PREFACE. Thb little Catwhism has grown out of the needs of my own work. Fathers and I have said to me, " Our children are constantly asking us questions that we can- ." Perfectly natural I Their reading and study have not been such as to I funiliar with the results of critical scholarship. The great modem revolu- tioB of tfaoogfat is bewildering. This is an attempt to make the path of ascertained troth a Bole plainer. TUa la the call for help in the home. Besides this, a similar call has come from Ike Sanday-schooL Multitudes of teachers have little -time to ransack libraries and ■lady large worka. This is an attempt, then, to help them, by putting in their hands, in Wsf cosnpaas, the princqial things believed by Unitarians concerning the greatest The Hat ol reference books that follows the questions and answers will enable those who wirii to do so to go more deeply into the topics suggested. It b bcUcved that thia Catechism will be found adapted to any grade of schoUrs sheta dbe infant daas, provided tiie teacher has some skill in the matter of interpretation. GEO. H. ELLIS CO^ PuUlifien, 272 Congrew St» Bortoo* Nbm* PILLARS or THE TEMPLE By MINOT J. SAVAGE SUc 5Xx7^ Indicsi pas:et, 226; price, 90 oenti net; by niailt 99 cents Dr. Savage is acknowledged to be one of the foremost preachers of liberal religion in this country, and his books, whether on religions or other subjects, have a wide circulation among many dififerent classes of people. In this last volume each chapter deals with car- dinal points of religious belief from the author's Unitarian point of view. "The God we Worship," "The Christ we Love,*' "The Heaven we Hope for," '*The Hell we Fear," indicate the line of topics treated. The foundation truths of religion cannot be too often emphasized or repeated, and when such wholesome religious teachings can be put into Dr. Savage's own simple, direct, reasonable, and forceful way, the resulting volume appeals to all who are willing to be guided by clear and fearless thinking. The chapters of this particular book go far to clear up confused popular ideas about the subjects dealt with. The pillars upon which this temple is reared are sturdy colunms of rational religious conceptions which devoutly concern the development of the higher life. Rev. Robert Collyer writes a brief introduction, telling of the circumstances under which he became in a way sponsor for the material now published as " Pillars of the Temple." PUBUCATION DEPARTMENT American Unitarian Association 25 BEACON STREET, BOSTON J Pttltftthed W— kly. Prtc» $1.60 a y— r. or g^r**i*tr^^Mt»'3 " Som£ great cause^ God's new Messiah " MESSIAH PULPIT NEW YORK (Being a continaatioa of Unity Pulfit, Boston) SERMONS OF M. J. SAVAGE Vol. IX. NOVEMBER i8, 1904. No. 8. SERIES ON Life's Dark Problems L THE ANSWER OF JOB GEO. H. KLLIS CO. 27a CoNGRSss Strbbt, Boston 104 E. aoTH Strxbt, Nbw York 1904 Snterwiimi the Peet-^fice^ Bett^Ht MtuM,^ m *eeetid<Uu mtUl mmihr. MR. SAVAGE'S BOOKS. Sbrmons akd Essays. ChristiaiiitT the Science of Manhood. 187 pages. 1873 ^1.430 The ReligioB of EToiution. 953 pages. 1876 1.50 Life Questions. 159 pages. 1879 1.00 The Morals of Evoltttion. 191 paces. 1880 1.00 Beliefs about Jesus. 161 pages. 1881 1.00 Belief in God. 176 pages. 1882 tjoo Beliefs about Man. 130 pages. 188a 1.00 Beliefs about the Bible. ao6 pages. 18813 i.oo The Modem Sphinx. 160 pages. 1883 1.00 Man, Woman and Child, aoo pages. 1884 x.oo The Religious Life, a la pages. 1885 ijoo Social Problems. 189 pages. x886 i.oo My Creed. 304 pages. 1887 1.00 Rdigious Reconstniction. 246 pages 1888 uoo Signs of the Times. 187 pages. 1889 t.oo Helps for Daily Living^ 150 pages. 1889 kjoo Life. 337 pages. 1890 1.00 Four Great Questions Concerning God. 86 para. 1891. Paper .as The Trrepressible Conflict between Two World-Theories. Cloth i.oo Paper 50 The Evolution of Christianity. 178 pages. 1893 i.oo Is this a Good World ? 60 pages. 1893. Paper 35 Jesus and Modem Life. 330 pages. 1893 1.00 A Man. 183 pages. 1895 i.oo Religion for To-day. 350 pages. 1897 1.00 Our Unitarian Gospel. 383 pages. 1898 1.00 MlSCSLLANKOUS. Light on the Cloud. 176 pages. 1876. Full gilt 1.3$ Bluffton: A Story of To-day. 348 pages. 1878 . 1.50 Poems. 347 pages. 1883. Full gilt. With portrait 150 Hymns. 92 pages. 1898 i .od Theae Degenerate Days. Small. 1887. Flexible 50 The Minister's Hand-book. For Christenings, Weddings, and Funerals. Cloth .75 Psychics: Facts and Theories. Cloth 1.00 Paper y Sacred Songs for Public Worship. A Hymn and Tune Book. Edited by M. J. Savage and Howard M. Dow. Cloth i.oo Leather 1.50 Unitarian Catechism. With an Introduction by E. A. Horton. Price, Paper, per copy, 30 cents. Per dozen 1.50 Price, Cloth, per copy, 30 cents. Per dozen 3.50 Mr. Savage's weekly sermons are regularlv printed in pamphlet form in "Messiah Pulpit.'* Subscription price, foi the season, $1.50; single copy, scents. GEO. H. ELLIS CO., PiMisA^rs, arja Congrtu St., Bosttnt^ Mass- i04 East aoik St., Nnv Vark Publittaed by 0. P. PUTNAM'S s6ns. New York. Life beyond Death. 1899 #1.50 The Passing and the Permanent in Religion. 1901. #1.35 wr/; by n.ail . . . 1.50 CanTelepaUiy Explain? 1903 ftjoomt Published by B. P. DUTTON ft CO., New York. Living by the Day. A Book of Selections for Every Day in the Year. 1900 . ^i.oo Published by the AMERICAN UNITARIAN ASSOCIATION. Boston. Men and Women. 1903 $ .8oM«f;by mail. # .90 Out of Nazareth. 1903 1.30 ««/; by mail, 1.33 Pillars of the Temple. 1904 qpntt :\rf mail, .99 THE ANSWER OF JOB. "The whole creation groaneth and travaifeth in pain together vxUliiofw." I i THBSBare the wordsof Paul in his letter to the Romans. I It is indeed a strange scene that Kes before us as we look out over the face of the earth and of human society. It is not at all, I suppose, the kind of worid that any of us would have thought a wise and stmng and good God would have created. It seems to us unreasonable, and it seems cruel.

6e3f94eb27e896d000a414f8acc9ce5e

French Open Data

Open Government

Various open data

FCCNS154272_20170504.pdf

info-financiere.fr

French

Spoken

Chiffre d’affaires du premier trimestre 2017  CA ajusté du 1er trimestre 2017 en hausse de +1,2 % à 757,6 millions d’euros  CA organique ajusté du 1er trimestre 2017 en baisse de -1,0 %  Croissance du chiffre d’affaires organique ajusté au 2ème trimestre 2017 attendue en légère hausse Paris, le 4 mai 2017 – JCDecaux SA (Euronext Paris: DEC), numéro un mondial de la communication extérieure, publie ce jour son chiffre d’affaires pour le premier trimestre 2017. A la suite de l’application de la norme IFRS 11 depuis le 1 er janvier 2014, les données opérationnelles présentées ci-dessous sont ajustées pour prendre en compte l’impact en proportionnel des sociétés sous contrôle conjoint et sont, par conséquent, comparables aux données historiques antérieures à 2014. Merci de vous référer au paragraphe « Données ajustées » en page 2 de ce communiqué pour la définition de ces données ajustées ainsi que pour la réconciliation avec les données IFRS. Le chiffre d’affaires ajusté du Groupe pour le premier trimestre 2017 est en hausse de +1,2 % à 757,6 millions d’euros, comparé à 748,5 millions d’euros au premier trimestre 2016. En excluant l’impact positif lié à la variation des taux de change et l’effet positif des variations de périmètre, le chiffre d’affaires ajusté baisse de -1,0 %. Le chiffre d’affaires publicitaire ajusté, hors ventes et locations de matériel, et contrats d’entretien, est en baisse de -0.3 % en organique au premier trimestre 2017. Chiffre d’affaires ajusté du 1er trimestre Mobilier Urbain Croissance publiée +2,9% Croissance organique(a) +1,9% 312,0 -3,2% -3,3% 103,1 +9,0% -3,3% 748,5 +1,2% -1,0% 2017 (m€) 2016 (m€) 343,1 333,4 Transport 302,1 Affichage 112,4 Total 757,6 a. A périmètre et taux de change constants Merci de noter que les commentaires ci-dessous, relatifs aux zones géographiques, concernent l’évolution du chiffre d’affaires organique. MOBILIER URBAIN Le chiffre d’affaires ajusté du premier trimestre est en hausse de +2,9 % à 343,1 millions d’euros (+1,9 % en organique), grâce à une très forte croissance de notre chiffre d’affaires digital. L’Europe (incluant la France et le Royaume-Uni) est en hausse. L’Asie-Pacifique et l’Amérique du Nord sont en baisse. Le Reste du Monde affiche une bonne croissance, principalement dû à l’Amérique Latine. Le chiffre d’affaires publicitaire ajusté du premier trimestre, hors ventes et locations de matériel, et contrats d’entretien, croît de +2,2 % en organique par rapport au premier trimestre 2016. Au Royaume-Uni, le déploiement du plus grand réseau digital au monde en Mobilier Urbain est en cours avec 550 écrans installés sur 650 avec le contrat TfL, auquel s’ajoutent 86 écrans dans des quartiers londoniens très recherchés tels que Kensington & Chelsea, Kingston-upon-Thames… Cette plateforme de communication extérieure digitale unique nous permet de continuer à surperformer la croissance du marché de la communication extérieure au Royaume-Uni. A New York, les annonceurs et les agences considèrent notre réseau digital avec des écrans LCD 84 pouces dans les abribus et des écrans LED de 5,3m² sur les kiosques, comme plus impactant et de plus grande qualité que les écrans LCD de 55 pouces de nos concurrents, ce qui nous rend plus compétitifs pour les campagnes de communication extérieure exclusivement digitales. TRANSPORT Le chiffre d’affaires ajusté du premier trimestre est en baisse de -3,2 % à 302,1 millions d’euros (-3,3 % en organique). L’Europe (incluant la France et le Royaume-Uni) est en hausse. L’AsiePacifique et le Reste du Monde sont en baisse significative. L’Amérique du Nord réalise une performance positive à deux chiffres. AFFICHAGE Le chiffre d’affaires ajusté du premier trimestre est en hausse de +9,0 % à 112,4 millions d’euros (-3,3 % en organique). L’Europe (incluant la France et le Royaume-Uni) et le Reste du Monde sont en baisse alors que notre activité d’affichage Grand Format digital à Chicago est en très forte croissance. A l’occasion de la publication du chiffre d’affaires du premier trimestre 2017, Jean-Charles Decaux, Président du Directoire et Co-Directeur Général de JCDecaux, a déclaré : « Notre chiffre d’affaires du 1er trimestre 2017 de 757,6 millions d’euros, en hausse de +1,2 % en croissance publiée et en baisse de -1,0 % en croissance organique, comparé à une très forte performance au 1er trimestre de l’année passée, est conforme à notre prévision de début mars. La bonne performance du Mobilier Urbain a été principalement alimentée par la très forte croissance de notre chiffre d’affaires digital provenant de la digitalisation en cours de nos actifs premium dans le monde, dont Londres et New York. Dans le même temps, notre activité Transport a été négativement impactée par une baisse à deux chiffres de notre chiffre d’affaires en Chine, incluant Hong Kong et Macao, et dans le Reste du Monde. Notre activité Affichage reste difficile tant en Europe que dans le Reste du Monde. En ce qui concerne le 2ème trimestre 2017, gardant à l’esprit une faible visibilité et une forte volatilité, nous nous attendons à une légère hausse de notre chiffre d’affaires organique, malgré une récente prudence des annonceurs français en ces périodes d’élections présidentielle et législatives et d’aucune réelle reprise dans notre activité en Chine pour le moment. Dans un paysage des medias de plus en plus fragmenté, la communication extérieure renforce son attractivité. Avec notre exposition bien diversifiée aux pays à plus forte croissance, une présence croissante dans les villes les plus influentes du monde 1, le déploiement de notre portefeuille digital allié à une nouvelle plateforme de vente à l’audience alimentée en données qualitatives, notre faculté à remporter de nouveaux contrats et la qualité de nos équipes dans le monde, nous sommes convaincus que nous sommes bien positionnés pour continuer à surperformer le marché publicitaire mondial et renforcer notre position de numéro un du marché de la communication extérieure grâce à des gains profitables de parts de marchés. La solidité de notre bilan est un avantage clé qui nous permettra de continuer à saisir les opportunités de croissance qui se présenteront. » DONNÉES AJUSTÉES La norme IFRS 11, applicable depuis le 1 er janvier 2014, conduit à retenir la méthode de la mise en équivalence des sociétés sous contrôle conjoint. Toutefois, afin de refléter la réalité opérationnelle du Groupe, les données opérationnelles des sociétés sous contrôle conjoint vont continuer d’être intégrées proportionnellement dans le reporting de gestion opérationnelle du Groupe, sur lequel s’appuient les dirigeants pour suivre l’activité, allouer les ressources et mesurer la performance. En conséquence, conformément à IFRS 8, l’information sectorielle intégrée aux états financiers est en ligne avec cette information interne, et la communication financière externe du Groupe s’appuie donc sur cette information financière opérationnelle. L’information financière et les commentaires sont donc basés sur des données « ajustées », comparables aux données historiques antérieures à 2014, qui sont systématiquement réconciliées avec les états financiers IFRS. Au premier trimestre 2017, l’impact de la norme IFRS 11 sur le chiffre d’affaires ajusté est de -87,4 millions d’euros (-93,0 millions d’euros au premier trimestre 2016), ramenant le chiffre d’affaires IFRS à 670,2 millions d’euros (655,5 millions d’euros au premier trimestre 2016). 1 Selon le classement Forbes 2014. Afin de quantifier l’influence mondiale des villes, Forbes a examiné huit facteurs : le montant des investissements directs étrangers qu’elles ont attiré ; la concentration de sièges sociaux ; sur combien de « niches business » elles sont leaders ; la connectivité aérienne (facilité de déplacements vers d’autres villes mondiales) ; la force / qualité des services aux entreprises ; les services financiers ; la technologie et le pouvoir des médias ; et la diversité raciale. -2- DÉFINITION DE LA CROISSANCE ORGANIQUE La croissance organique du Groupe correspond à la croissance du chiffre d’affaires ajusté hors effet de change et variation de périmètre. L’exercice de référence est inchangé par rapport aux données publiées, et la croissance organique est calculée en appliquant les taux de change moyens de l’exercice précédent au chiffre d’affaires de l’exercice en cours et en prenant en compte les variations de périmètre prorata temporis, mais en incluant les variations de chiffre d’affaires liés aux gains de nouveaux contrats et aux pertes de contrats précédemment en portefeuille. -3- Prochaines informations : Assemblée Générale des Actionnaires : 11 mai 2017 Résultats du 1er semestre 2017 : 27 juillet 2017 (avant marché) Chiffres clés du Groupe Chiffre d’affaires 2016 : 3 393m€ JCDecaux est coté sur l’Eurolist d’Euronext Paris et fait partie des indices Euronext 100 et Euronext Family Business JCDecaux fait partie des indices FTSE4Good et Dow Jones Sustainability Europe N°1 mondial du mobilier urbain (559 070 faces publicitaires) N°1 mondial de la publicité dans les transports avec plus de 220 aéroports et 260 contrats de transport dans les métros, bus, trains et tramways (354 680 faces publicitaires) N°1 européen de l’affichage grand format (169 860 faces publicitaires) N°1 de la communication extérieure en Europe (721 130 faces publicitaires) N°1 de la communication extérieure en Asie-Pacifique (219 310 faces publicitaires) N°1 de la communication extérieure en Amérique Latine (70 680 faces publicitaires) N°1 de la communication extérieure en Afrique (29 820 faces publicitaires) N°1 de la communication extérieure au Moyen-Orient (16 230 faces publicitaires) N°1 mondial du vélo en libre-service : pionnier de la mobilité douce 1 117 890 faces publicitaires dans plus de 75 pays Une présence dans 4 280 villes de plus de 10 000 habitants Audience quotidienne : plus de 410 millions de personnes 13 030 collaborateurs Déclarations de nature prévisionnelle Ce communiqué peut contenir certaines déclarations de nature prévisionnelle. Ces déclarations ne sont pas des garanties quant à la performance future de la Société. Bien que la Société estime que ces déclarations reposent sur des hypothèses raisonnables à la date de publication du présent communiqué, elles sont par nature soumises à des risques et incertitudes, pouvant donner lieu à un écart entre les chiffres réels et ceux indiqués ou induits dans ces déclarations. Ces risques et incertitudes incluent notamment les risques décrits dans le document de référence déposé par la Société auprès de l’Autorité des Marchés Financiers. Les investisseurs et les détenteurs de valeurs mobilières de la Société peuvent obtenir copie de ce document de référence auprès de l’Autorité des Marchés Financiers sur le site web www.amffrance.org ou directement auprès de la Société sur le site www.jcdecaux.com. La Société n’a pas l’obligation et ne prend pas l’engagement de mettre à jour ou de réviser les déclarations de nature prévisionnelle. Direction de la Communication : Agathe Albertini 01 30 79 34 99 – [email protected] Relations Investisseurs : Arnaud Courtial 01 30 79 79 93 – [email protected] -4- 

US-28975739-A_1

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

Centrifugal pump July 28, 1942. 5;, LA BOUR I 2,291,478 CENTRIFUGAL PUMP Filed Aug. 12, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Mania" Ja -28,1942. W H. E. LA BOUR camm'uw. runr Filed Aug 12, 1939 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 July 28, 1942. H. E. LA. BOUR CENTRIFUGAL PUMP I Filed Aug. 12, 1939 4 Shets- Sheet 3 Patented July 28, 1942 UNITED STATE cENTmFUGAL PUMP Harry 1:. La an, Elkhart, Ind. Application August 12, 1939, Serial No. 289,757 8 Claims. (01. 103-103) Y My invention relates to centrifugal pumps and more particularly to that type of centrifugal pump wherein there is an open impeller which operates in a concentric pumping channel and the impeller blades sweep type may be designated as the concentric type. Since any centrifugal pump consists essentially the channel; This s of only one moving part, that is, the impeller, and size and cost of the pump and of its driving. motor. The present invention is peculiarly applicable to self-priming centrifugal pumps. Self-priming centrifugal pumps have two inherently conflicting requirements, namely, rapid and efficient air removal during priming and efficiency and effectiveness in liquid pumping. The first phase relates to pumping, air and the second phase to pumping liquid, which is usually about 700 times as heavy. In prior designs it has generally been the case that one function has had to sufier in order to secure improvement in the other. The present invention removes, in large part, the limitations of known designs and allows of a marked increase in efficiency and delivery in liquid pumping'while retaining the air-handling abilities of the best prior art constructions. The principle of the present invention releases the designer from prior limitations. The basic concept of the present improvement in centrifugal pumps of the aforesaid known types is to deliver into the throat or. throats liquid at maximum pressure only and to prevent, as much as possible, thedelivery of liquid atiess than maximum pressure. In other words, each impeller blade is to be caused to deliver into the throat liquid at the highest mean pressure that the pump is capable of delivering for the particular demand made upon it, that is, the rate of delivery. How this concept is realized will now be disclosed by reference to what goes on in a pump of this class. I have analyzed the operation of a pump of this type as follows: Assume a concentric pump with the discharge closed off and the impeller rotating at the rated speed. The liquid between the vanes is now whirled like a flywheel. It is prevented from flying apart or outwardly not by its own coherence, as in a metal flywheel, but by the concentric restraining walls of the channel and pumping chamber. The force of a particle at any particular radius, tending to discharge tangentially (that is. out through a tangential discharge port), is a function of the square of the radius. This is known. Each particle retains its position by virtue of the opposing forces which restrain it. The inertia of motion-the inherent energy which it possesses-tends to make a particle continue in a straight line. The curved channel walls exert an inward force which cause the particle to move in a curved path. Considering the circular mass of liquid as made up of successive concentric cylindrical laminae, the outermost layer has maximum velocity because it lies at the outermost radius, and it has inherent energy proportional to its mass and the square of its velocity. Now as the discharge is opened up, it is apparent that the theoretically perfect pump will cause the outermost laminae to be discharged as an outflowing ribbon of an aggregate rate of how exactly equal to the rate of flow of the permitted discharge. This would supply the discharge for each value at the highest'possible effectiveness and pressure. As the discharge is further opened up, the discharge ribbon would have to take in more laminae and be thicker, so as to make up the cross section required for discharge. In the construction of a pump of commercial form there are practical considerations which heretofore have not been met without serious compromises, such compromises showing so great an interference with theoretical considerations that the efliciency does not approach the ideal. First, in any'commercial pump the throating must be initially fixed as great enough in size to permit outflow of the full discharge at maximum capacity for which the pump is designed. Second, while the water is within the control of the impeller and the casing, the'relation of pressures according to the square of the radius is fairly well maintained, but the moment that the water leaves .the impeller and therestraint of the circular guiding channel is lost and the water passes into a throat, the pressure throughout the cross section of the outwardly flowing stream must be equalized. Third, the motion of the liquid within the pump casing and channel is not a simple or single motion. The movement of the particles of water is very complex, particularly during the acceleration of liquid when the pump is pumping. disturbing factor in and of itself. The prior art has provided no means for overcoming difliculties produced by the ports themselves, in the following respects: 1. As the impellerblades pass over the ports the blades set up eddies and disturbances in the throat because the contents of the throat are displaceable. 2. As liquid tends to leave the-impeller to pass into the throat, the layers of water which theoretically are maintained in the impeller and casing are no longer .segregated, as would be de- 'sired in the ideal pump. Instead, liquid from widely different layers is permitted to enter the port, causing violent disturbance in attempting to equalize the pressures at difierent points in the throat. a 3. The particles of water at the maximum radius have maximum energy and when they enefliciency will be reduced by the necessity for equalization of the high energy liquid with 'liq-' uid of lower energy than is required for making up the discharge. Heretofore the prior art has attempted to remove the outermost or high energy water by a succession of throats of small capacity, operating a good deal as a plane does upon aboard to take off a shaving from the outermost periphery. ' This has been conceived as the most efiective way of trying to get a high energy liquid drawn oil? at the periphery through multiple difiuser ports and then equalized in a channel or manifold prior to discharge. According to the present invention, I have departed completely from the theory of the multiple throat difiuser and have provided a single throat capable of taking ofi a ribbonof waterof variable depth according to the rate of permitted discharge, but always allowing the water of high energy to take first place in making up the discharge, so that upon equalization'of the pressure of successive laminae of the ribbon forming the discharge the highest mean effective pressure in the throat for any particular discharge will be secured. The ribbon of liquid'which is to be taken off of the periphery of the rotating mass of water is not a solid rigid body and a part of my discovery resides in the realization that to take a thin shaving of liquid in the form of a ribbon ofi of the periphery does not require that a slot or throat like the slot or throat of a plane be disposed transversely across the width of the rotating mass in order to secure a ribbon which consists of the outermost layers across the peripheral face of the revolving mass of liquid. , According to my present discovery, the outermost layer of liquid which is required for making up the discharge-any discharge within the capacity of the pump-may be drawn off in an orderly manner, that is, with minimum interference between high energy and low energy liquid, by the employment of an oblong longitudinally extending slot by virtueof which liquid v 2,291,478 Fourth, the presence of the discharge port is a than the desired energy, the mean pressure in the throats will be unavoidably lowered, and the flows both longitudinally and laterally into the throat from the outermost laminae, successively, in making up the particular discharge which the pump at any particular point in its capacity may be delivering. By the provision of a slot or throat of a conventional length and of a width substantially less than the width of the ribbon of liquid which is actively under the influence of the impeller, a blade sweeping over the port is caused to present first opportunity for outflow to the outermost particles of the ribbon which constitutes the discharge, and slightly less opportunity to the particles having less energy, so that no matter what the thickness of the discharge ribbon of liquid, the equalization which is required will be only between the particles of maximum energy, and particles no further away from the outermost or maximum radius than is necessary to make up the thickness of the discharge ribbon. Hence, the mean effective pressure will be,maximum for the particular rate of discharge. - The relatively narrow throat largely prevents or at least effectively limits endwise disturbance of liquid in the throat that tends to regurgitation as the vane passes over the same. This reduces or eliminates certain losses which have heretofore been unavoidable. The narrow slotlike throat which is disposed endwise of the movement of the blades in eflect allows equalization inside of the channel or casing-independently of equalization on the outside of the narrow slot or opening in the discharge throat. There is only a high velocity connection of reduced cross-section between the two whereby the function of doing work upon the liquid .within the casing, and thefunction of equalization of pressure and producing flow on the outside of the slot or in the throat without mutual interference is promoted. ' efficiency is pronounced. Hence, the settingv up of unnecessary eddies or motions in the liquid is reduced with increase in flow pressure and efficiency. This construction is applicable to all the various forms of concentric pumps, both those employing a single throat or a plurality of throats, as shown in my prior Patent No. 2,123,454, or self-priming pumps with a single pair of throats or a plurality of pairs of throats, as shown in my prior Patent No. 2,110,883. The improvement produced by my invention is marked and distinctive. Primarily, the pressure curve is flatter, that is, the pressure remains higher throughout the entire range of deliveries than in any pump of the prior art known tome. Greater delivery within certain sizes as compared with prior practice of those same sizes is now possible. Increased Due to more orderly flow, higher speed of the impeller without the loss of efllciency occurring in the prior art is now possible. A smaller lighter pump and a smaller lighter engine not only of high speed but of less power will now do the work requiring a larger pump and engine of the prior art. In pumps of this type operating. as self-priming pumps the priming is not interfered with and in fact at the higher speeds is made even more eflective than it has been in like capacity of pumps of the prior art. According to the structure herein illustrated, and which is the preferred construction, the slotlike throat leaves on each side thereof a concentric ledge which constitutes in effect a con clearance, or substantially only mechanical clearance, do work upon the liquid to bring it to a state of maximum energy content at maximum radius. The presence of these ledges along the sides or flanks of the slots performs the dual function not only of distributing the outermost layer of maximum energy liquid along the length of the slot but allows work to be done upon liquid in the channel over these ledges so that the blade in passing from one end of the throat to the other end does not tend to lose all of the high energy liquid but depending upon the design may carry past the throat some of the high energy liquid to a succeeding throat, as in the case of a. self-priming pump. This is possible because while high energy liquid is sliding ofi into the slotlike throating from the ledge, work is being done upon liquid further along on the ledge and this can be carried to the auxiliary ports to provide high energy liquid for discharge at the auxiliary or priming port. Hence the designer has much greater freedom of ratioing the capacities designing the shapes, sizes, spacing, etc. of the two ports relative to each other than has been possible according to known practice. The desideratum of high efficiency and maximum available pressure requires that the flow constituting delivery at any particular value within the capacity of the pump be made up of liquid of the highest mean value of contained energy available. In other words, as the delivery increases progressively lower energy liquid must be allowed to enter the discharge but at no point should liquid of lower energy than that necessary to make up the discharge be permitted to .make up the discharge for the reason that first the mean pressure would be needlessly lowered and second the work of equalization of pressures in the throat would be increased with loss of efficiency. To secure the desired selective discharge of liquid according to energy content it is simpler to selectively retard the outflow of liquid of low energy content. Bearing this principle in mind, the throat or slot may be shaped variously to ofier relatively free escape selectively to liquid of high energy content by providing greater retardation to outflow of liquid of low energy content. This should function over the entire capacity range to be most efiective. In accordance with this principle the slot or throat may be tapered-in width from a greater width or opening at the front end of the port to a less width at the rear end of the port or throat. The sides may be straight or curved to meet the particular requirements of a specific service. Now in order to acquaint those skilled in the the characteristics of known forms of pumps prior to the introduction of myinvention; Figure 6 is a diagram illustrating the energy content of liquid at various radii; Figure '7 is a fragmentary diagrammatic illustration of the operation of known types of pumps; Figure 8 is a similar diagrammatic illustration not showing any actual structure but indicating the character of operation of the pump of the present invention; Figure 9 is a side elevation of a complete pump embodying my invention; Figure 10 is a vertical section of the pump shown in Figure 9 taken on the line l0l0 of Figure 9; Figure 11 is a horizontal cross section of a pump casing employing two pairs of throats; Figure 12 is a developed elevational view of the throat opening taken on line l2-I-2 of Figure 11; and Figure 13 is a view similar to that of Figure 12 showing a developed elevational view of a modified form of throat opening suitable for use on a casing such as that shown in Figure 11. I The pump herein illustrated was developed for the practical requirement of a fire pump for a portable fire pumper, the embodiment of the pump of the present invention in such a pumper being 'illustrated in my copending application Serial No. 293,227,,fi1ed September 2, 1939. According to the requirements of that particular service a compactlight weight unit of large delivery capacity, that is, large gallonage, i. c. 150 g. p. m., and capable of delivering a 'pressure of the order of IQ!) pounds per square inch is needed. Overall efficiency is of the highest desirability, since it is particularly necessary for small size and high speed. It is desirable that the pump be operated at a high speed in order to be able to employ a small size high speed motor, and thereby to hold down the size and weight and incidentally the cost for making the pumper above referred to. The pump must, furthermore, be highly efiective on self-priming, so as to avoid all delay in priming and to be capable of taking its liquid from almost any reasonable source and holding up its pressure even though there should be air leakage into the intake. The general features of the pump are indicated in Figures 9 and 10. The pump is of the open impeller type having the impeller I l with a shaft as hearing blades I! which run in a channel the 7 side wall of which is indicated at l3 in Figure 10, art with the manner of constructing and operating a specific embodiment of my invention, .1 shall describe, in connection with the accompanying drawings a preferred embodiment, its mode of operation and use. In the drawings: Figure l is a vertical cross section of a selfpriming pump of the type employing a single pair of throats and embodying my invention; Figure 2 is a section taken on the line 2-2 of Figure 1 showing the throat section through the main throat of the pump shown in Figure 1; and the cylindrical peripheral wall of which is indicated at M. The impeller casing 13 has two adjacent substantially tangential discharge passageways comprising the main passageway i6 and the auxiliary 'or priming passageway ll, these two passageways I being divided by a dividing wall l8 between them. The inlet to the impeller II is through the center, that is, axially, and in the present instance this axial inlet includes a trap 20 with an intake opening 24. The discharge of the pump which includes the passages IB and I1 is directed through-a separator 22 which has an outlet 23 at its top forming the actual discharge connection of the pump as a whole. The functions of the trap and separator in this construction are to constitute the pump a self-priming pump, according. to the invention disclosed and claimed in my prior Patent No. 1,578,236. The separator 22 during priming provides the necessary space for allowing the mixture of gas and liquid which is formed in the impeller chamout the passageway Hi to segregate into its constituents, namely, as and liquid, the gas passing off through the outlet 23 or through a bleeder port which may be disposed in the top of the separator. is permitted to return from the separator 22 through the return passageway ll peripherally Liquid which is largely freed of air,- into the impeller H to be converted into mixture and again discharged through the passageway Ii into the separator. uation continues until the pump receives liquid, . whereupon the pressure created upon the throat of passageway l1 stops recirculation, reverses flow and constitutes passageway ll an auxiliary discharge passageway. The separator 22 and the pump casing l5 are joined preferably by bolting flanges 2I-2i re-" spectively, The separator has companion p'assageways i6 and i1 corresponding to the passageways i6 and I1- and forming continuations of 10. This action of air evac- Iii-order to provide the higher pressures, greater compactness and better efliciency and to permit higher impeller speeds, desired for this serviceas well as for general purposes, I have devised the novel mode of discharging the liquid which is the subject of the present invention. It is to be observed that the invention is not limited to self-priming pumps, but is applicable to non-self-priming pumps, both of the single and plural throat type. The invention shows particular utility in multi-throat pumps, such as the self-priming pump of my Patent 2,110,883. It may also be employed in the multi-throated nonpriming pump of my prior pump Patent No. 2,134,254. The specific form of the impeller is not of th essence of the invention. I have found that the open impeller with substantially straight blade is the most desirable. .The straight type of blade effects priming more rapidly than does a blade of pronounced curvature. This is particularly true in pumps employing .a single outlet for 2,291,478 7 her by rotation of the impeller and discharged 1 enough to discharge the mixture and avoid over compensation. Also during liquidpumping the main passageway I6 does most of the work since it receives and removes liquid upon which maximum amount of work has been done in advance of the auxiliary or primirm throat IT. The priming throat presents the problem that it must be of suflicient capacity to return an adequate be avoided or overcome, otherwiseefliciency suf-. fers. Referring now to Figiire 6 which is a diagram for explaining the energy content of liquid within the pumping channel or pumping chamber, assume that a cylindrical channel with suitable side walls-is defined by the circle a, the center of which is at 0. A vertical radius 0, 1, represents the effective radius of an impeller blade working within the channel whose inner periph ery is defined by the circle a. It may here be stated that the clearance which exists between the impeller and the side walls of the casing of the present pumpis intended to be substantially only mechanical clearance and to prevent solid particles which might be carried in the water from wedging into the gap and cutting the blade and casing. Hence, a clearance of 3 2 inch on each side is satisfactory for pumps of the present type and for the pump herein lets for mixture the relative carry of the mixture is shorter and particularly with the improvement herein disclosed. The mutliple throat selfpriming pump may employ an impeller with a pronounced curvaturer This gives the designer much greater freedom of design as it allows the development of various pressures within a given radius of blade. The front faces of the impellerblades are surfaces substantially normal t the plane of rotation of the impeller. That is to say, they have no functional bias to either side of the impeller cas- 'ing. Such impellers are old and well known in shown. The tip clearance on sizes like that of the impeller herein shown, which impeller is, by way of example, 9% inches diameter by inch width, may be from a to /2 inch, and in larger sizes of pumps, it may be even as much as 4 inch or more, the purpose of the clearance being largely to avoid injury from liquid-borne solids. Even with those clearances, it is considered that the liquid at the outer periphery is entirely withinthe influenceof the impeller and moves with it. Referring again to Figure 6, assume a particle which may be laid 'ofi on the horizontal line 1', :c, as, for example, four units of velocity corresponding to four units of length of the radius. The straight line 0, b, represents proportion.- ately the velocity of any particle of liquid at any particular radius along the length of the blade 0, r, and this is indicated by the small letter 22 as the four units of velocity corresponding to four units of length of the' radius. Now if we consider the energy content of the particle of liquid at the end of the radius 0, r, it will be realized that this is proportional 'to the square of the velocity, as indicated by the length of the line 12 The curve 0, c, indicates the energy the high energy particles at the very periphery and of the particles of lower energy at a shorter radius is equalized only by the high energy being expended in eddies or useless motion of equalization, the mean pressure in the throats may be more nearly that of the lower energy particles which enter the throat than thatof the higher energy particles. Eddies and parasitic motion in the liquid are to be avoided at every point. Sharp differences in energy content tend to set up such parasitic motion and eddies. Also, it can be seen that if lower energy particles are P rmitted to enter the throat from a shorter radius than is necessary to make up the full ribbon of discharge, not only is the necessity for equalization increased because of marked dif ferences in energy content, but the mean effective pressure of discharge will be reduced. Now it is the purpose of the present invention to take off the laminae in the order of their energy content, and to equalize them with a minimum of shock and useless motion in producing discharge outflow. Referring to Figures 1 to 4, inclusive, Figures 1, 2.and 3 show in full lines the structure of the throating of a preferred form of pump embodying my invention. The main discharge passageway 16 opens into the periphery of the channel wall i l through a relatively narrow slot or opening 25, a developed view of which is shown in Figure 3. Theport or opening 25 is the narrowest part of the con nection between the inside of the impeller casin and the separator. In other words, the port 25 forms the greatest constriction of the passageway !6. The throat I6 from the opening 25 expands smoothly and relatively gradually into the The dotted lines 21, 21 on Figure 3 merely indicate the expansion of the throat or passageway [6 in the background behind the opening itself, since Figure 3 is a view from the face of the opening, as indicated in Figure 1, on line 3-3. Now by way of illustrating the distinction and the importance of the invention, I shall refer to separator 22 so as to reduce the velocity of fiow smoothly and gradually to give the proper reduction in velocity in the separator whereby separation of gas from the liquid is facilitated. Figure 2 shows a longitudinal section through the passageway 16, and here it can be seen that the port or opening ,25 is the narrowest part of the communication between the impeller chamber and the separator 22 along the entire periphery of the pumping channel as defined by the concentric channel wall it, with the passageway IE, and as above stated, constitutes the most restricted part of the passageway it. The significance of this is that the port 25 is the point of maximum velocity of flow through the passageway 16, and it is the point of maximum velocity of new of liquid in the pumping channel. These two velocities being related, it then remains to coordinate them to produce and inv sure an orderly fiow. This coordination is compelled by the shape and size of the port 25, and its relation to the channel and impeller blades as herein described which insures delivery of liquid in the order of energy content thereof. It results thereby that maximum velocity delivery and consequent maximum delivery head is available at each delivery rate. the prior practice in pumps of this character or type. In Figure 2 I have shown in'dottedlines 18, 28 the character of the throating forming the communication between the impeller chamber and the separator to define the main throat and passagewaycorresponding to the passageway 16 of Figure 1. The plan view of Figure 4 shows an opening of the type found in the older art and viewed as though taken along the line 3-3 of Figure 1. Now whereas for a inch width impeller, as shown in Figure 2, it was previously the practice to have this throat at its narrowest portion of the order of if; inches in width, and of the same length as that shown in Figures 1 and 3. The width of the throat shown in Figures 1, 2 and 3, in full lines, is A inch, leaving thereby a ledge of 1 6 inch in width on each side; a contraction of the narrowest part of the throat of from representing the width according to the prior art and as illustrated in Figure 4, to approximately 42% according to the specific example of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 3. In other words, the area of the narrowest part of the throat, according to the specific embodiment of the present invention here shown, is of the order of 42% of the cross sectional area of the throat of the prior art. I do not mean to limit the invention to that particular ratio of reduction, since the reduction may be greater, and the improvement of my invention will appear in useful degrees even though the proportion of ledge area to active area. of the impeller is not as great as that illustrated in this specific instance. The optimum ratio of port width to blade width or channel width may vary with factors such as speed, diameter, blade width, clearance, density of liquid and certain other factors, but in general limiting or reducing the port area in amount and shape so as to produce in efiect a restriction to the outflow of low energy liquid is an improvement of great practical importance. The preferred form above referred to is such as to produce lateral flow into the slot-like throat and to permit work to be done upon liquid along restricted discharge for the liquid of lower energy. Also, it will be apparent that the channel need not have a cylindrical bottom. It might be curved or V shaped.- That is not the distinctive feature. Also the ledge could at least theoretically be in the center instead of along the sides, or it could be along one side only. On larger size pumps, the throat need not be a single slot. It might be several slots side by side or staggered, with ledges along one or both sides of each slot to secure the action which is herein disclosed. I shall now refer to Figure 5,Which shows curves indicating the difierence in performance secured by the utilization of my invention. The comparative test was made between a pump of the prior art showing the throat characteristics of Figure 4 and the same size pump with the throating of Figure 3. The pump with the known form of throating shown in Figure 4 was a size enemas in sc far as constituting the maximum constrlction between the impeller chamber and the pak" .sageway l1, and comprising a relatively narrow slot of conventional length, securing the actions R. P. M. as 21 seconds, which equals 1.9 linear j feet per second. I The dry vacuum which this pump was capable of drawing was 28 inches of mercury or 31.7 feet at an elevation above sea level of 46 feet. The curve plotting pounds pressure against delivered gallons per minute of the known form of throating is labeled old." It' shows a rapid dropofi of the pressure as the gal-. lonage of delivery increases to 150 gallons per minute. A similar test was run upon anew form. of - pump of the same size 20 Type F1. The impeller second, and the pump showed the same dry vacuum of 28 inches of mercury or 31.7 feet at an elevation-of 746 feet above sea level. Pounds pressure of delivery was plotted against discharge gallons per minute and the curve is marked fl w." The improvement, as demonstrated in the curve, produced a higher initial discharge pressure and a higher discharge pressure throughout with a very pronounced increase in the cadisclosed in Figure 8, and partaking of the overall improvement of the pump shown in the curves of Figure 5. Y While I am 'not able to say from direct observation, since I have not found thatpossible, just exactly what the action is which makesthe throat shown in Figures ,1, 2 and 3 operate at such a high efliciency, I' believe that the operation is as pictured in Figure 8, and I know from actual tests that the improvement exists and is very pronounced, as illustrated in the curves of Figure 5. By this scheme of forming the port as a longitudinal slot, the high energy layer is distributed along the entire length, rather than being dumped over the front edge, as shown in Figure 7. Likewise each succeedinglayer is strewn along the length of the slot rather than successively dumped in. Since the slot or opening 25 forms the maximum constriction the velocity is therein the highest of any part of the discharge pa'ssageway. v The result of this high velocity movement through the narrow slot is a tendency to segregate the action within the channel from theaction within the throat beyond the slot, so that equalization or re-arrangement on one. side of the slot will less affect the conditions on the other side of the slot than has been the case in structures of the prior art. Pumps embodying this form of throating and this mode of operation are quieter and more efficient than pumps of the pacity of the pump and a pronounced increase in Refer ing new to Figure 7, assume the blade I! is moving towards the conventional prior art port 29 which is shown as open across the full width of the 'channel M. It will be seen at once that the higher energy liquid at the maximum radius can immediately spill into the opening. and since the port 28 is freely open for its full length this introduction of high velocity liquid all into one end of the throat creates an immediate high velocity flow and a resulting disturbance, because of the great difference in energy content of the liquid in the throat. Some of the liquid tends to eddy and'escape back or,'force other liquid back into the pumping channel. There is nohigh energy liquid at the other end of the throat in Figure 7 to prevent the pulling in of low energy liquid by the initial high energy discharge. Referring now to Figure 8, a section of the channel employing my invention is indicated, the ledge 26 in this case being exaggerated so as to make clear the effect which I believe is secured by the present construction and mode of opera tion. Some of the high energy liquid from the maximum radius is immediately-spilled into the throat opening 25. But, owing to the presenceof the ledge 26, liquid at maximum'radius and with vhigh energy content, tends to be pushed along on for the passageway I! (see Fig. 1). The port 30' is preferably constructed similar to the port 25, prior art. The improvement which this inven-'. tion secures is not limited to a single throat or a two-throat. pump, as I have demonstrated its usefulness in the multiple throat self-priming pump of Patent-No. 2,110,883. a In the specific pump herein illustrated in Figures l, 2 and 3, and on which the curve marked "new on Figure 5 applies, the length of theslot is substantially identical with the length of throats of the prior art, as may be seen by comparison of Figures 3 and 4. The width, however, is very much less. In the specific pump which I have shown, the ratio of length of the slot to the width thereof is of the order of between 5 and 7 to 1, and the ratio of the impeller width to the throat width is of the order-of between 1.25 and 2 to '1. p The pump illustrated in Figures 1 to 3'and employed in the test illustrated by the curve new of Figure 5 utilized an eight bladed open impeller 9% inches in diameter, inch wide with inch side clearance, inch top clearance, and a port length on the inner periphery of 3& inches with the edges rounded. I do not wish to confinemy invention to these proportions or dimensions, as the specific form herein illustrated is by way of example only, and the presence'of my invention in a pump is determined by thev law of operation and method, rather than by any specific dimension. Obviously, to facilitate liquid flowat high velocity, the comers of the ledges may be rounded, but the rounding of the comers does not detract from the ability to hold liquid up to the impeller to have work performed thereupon, nor does it detract from the ability of the ledges to distribute the liquid of high internal energy lengthwise of the ports instead of permitting the dumping of the same into the open throat. I would further point out that I do not intend to limit the length of the slot to exactly the same length as that of prior art practice, but this dimension may also be varied within limits, depending upon a variety of factors such as diame ter, speed, relativewidth of the impeller blade, density of the liquid operatedupon, etc. A surprising feature of the present invention is that with the new throating and mode of discharging the liquid a reduction in the width but not the length of the throat has not caused a reduction in capacity, but, on the contrary, has actually increased the capacity of, for example, a certain size of pump. In a multiple discharge self-priming pump of the type known as Type R, of the general character shown in Patent No. 2,110,883, the pump as constructed with full width main and priming throats showed a maximum working capacity of 100 gallons per minute with a head at that capacity of approximately 6'7 feet. The width of the throats at the 67 foot head was inch. I reduced the width of all the throats to inch retaining the full width of the impeller which was inch and kept the length of the slot the same as it was before. The working capacity remained at 100 gallons per minute, but the head jumped from 6'7 feet to 88 feet. In Figure 11 I have shown in cross section a pump casing of the type known as Type R, having two sets of throats, each set consisting of a main throat 3| and an auxiliary throat 32, communicating at their outer ends with a separator space and at their inner-ends through ports 33 and 34, respectively, with the channel in which the impeller operates. The impeller 36 is substantially of the same construction as shown in Figure 1, but it may be of either straight or curved blade, depending upon the pressure desired. The port 33, shown in developed elevation in Figure 12, is a substantially parallel-sided slot of which the front end 31 is slightly narrower than the rear end 38. The passageways 3|, 32 provide gradual expansion in cross sectional area, and thereby reduction in velocity of liquid being discharged. The specific proportions shown in Figures 11 and 12 are of a diameter impeller operating at 3400 R. P. M., the blades of the impeller being /2 wide and having approximately clearance on the side, and the port or slot 33 being approximately wide, whereby the port occupies substantially less width than the full width of the channel and, in fact, less width than the width of the impeller blades. In Figure 13 I have shown a form of discharge port 33a in which the forward or leading part 31a of the port opening has been slightly enlarged to produce, in efiect, a port tapering in width from the widest portion at the front end 31a to a less width at the rear end 38. In this particular example the widest part of the port at the forward end 31a was 1%", that is, approximately the same width as the channel, and this tapered with converging sides to approximately the point 39, from which the sides were parallel and the width is Thus, for a total length of the port of about 2%", the last 1" was a parallel sided slot wide and the forward part of the slot was tapered. Obviously the taper could be extended the full length of the slot if desired. The form of port opening shown in Figure 13 showed a marked superiority over the opening of the form shown in Figure 12, and both forms showed a great improvement over forms employed in the prior art practice. It will be observed that the slots are relatively long for so small a diameter of impeller. This impeller, however, was operated at a high speed, that is, 3400 R. P. M.- The ratio of length to mean width of the slots shown in Figures 12 and 13 is of the order of between 6 and '7 to 1. I do not intend to be limited to the specific details shown or described, nor to the dimensions and specific proportions herein illustrated and described. except as the same are recited as essential in the appended claims.

https://github.com/sreenath89/malware-checker-pecan/blob/master/malwarechecker/controllers/v1.py

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

malware-checker-pecan

sreenath89

Python

Code

from pecan import expose, redirect, conf, response from pecan.rest import RestController from urlparse import urlparse import ConfigParser from malwarechecker.model import malware_checker_model as sqlModel from sqlalchemy.sql import select, text from sqlalchemy import and_ from malwarechecker import exception class VersionController(RestController): def __init__(self, data = None): ''' Constructor ''' self.mcModel = sqlModel.MalwareCheckerModel() @expose(generic=True, template='json') def index(self, **data): print 'inside gettt' #return {"v1":{"date": "0000-00-00 00:00:00", "status":"current"}} return self.get_all() @expose(generic=True, template="json") def get(self, data): try: (path, query) = self.split_url(data) #Case when port is not present parts = path.split(':') print '11111' domain = parts[0] port = parts[1] #Set default port if not port: port = 80 result = self.get_details(domain, port, query) print '222222' return result.fetchone() except IndexError: response.status = 400 return {"status_code": 400, "title": "Bad Request", "message": "Please check the input url"} except Exception as e: print 'exceptionnn' print e print '================' return exception.exception_handle(e) @expose(generic=True, template="json") def get_all(self): try: result = self.get_all_entries() return result.fetchall() except Exception as e: return exception.exception_handle(e) @expose(generic=True, template="json") def post(self): return "post" @expose(generic=True, template="json") def put(self): return "put" @expose(generic=True, template="json") def delete(self): return "delete" def split_url(self, url): uparts = urlparse(url) return uparts.path, uparts.query def get_details(self, domain, port, query_string): searchStr = "1=1" if domain: searchStr += " and malware_data.domain = '" + domain + "'" if port: searchStr += " and malware_data.port = '"+ port + "'" if query_string: searchStr += " and malware_data.query_string = '" + query_string + "'" selectOne = select([self.mcModel.malware_data]).where(text(searchStr)) return self.mcModel.conn.execute(selectOne) def get_all_entries(self): selectAll = select([self.mcModel.malware_data]) return self.mcModel.conn.execute(selectAll)

https://github.com/cai-lw/screeps-in-rust-via-wasm/blob/master/screeps-game-api/src/objects/impls/utils.rs

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

screeps-in-rust-via-wasm

cai-lw

Rust

Code

use stdweb::{Array, Reference, ReferenceType, Value}; use stdweb::unstable::{TryFrom, TryInto}; macro_rules! js_unwrap_array { ($($code:tt)*) => ({ // TODO: should we do an assertion in the JS code here? let v = js_unwrap!($($code)*); unsafe { ::objects::impls::utils::game_array_to_vec(v) } .expect(concat!("js_unwrap_array at ", line!(), " in ", file!())) }) } /// since find returns not "Array" but array from outside the container, /// we need to do an unsafe cast to get stdweb to treat it like an array. pub unsafe fn game_array_to_vec<T>( v: Reference, ) -> Result<Vec<T>, <Reference as TryFrom<Value>>::Error> where T: TryFrom<Value, Error = <Reference as TryFrom<Value>>::Error>, { Array::from_reference_unchecked(v).try_into() }

https://github.com/xxxzhang/IndustrialScheduling/blob/master/cement/mpc_coordinator.py

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

IndustrialScheduling

xxxzhang

Python

Code

""" MPC Coordination for Hourly Operation. B/R are given. """ import time import itertools import cplex import numpy as np import matplotlib.pyplot as plt import matplotlib import json class CementPlant(): def __init__(self, switch_max=100): self.num_crusher = 4 self.crusher_power_mw = [2.0, 2.0, 2.0, 2.0] self.profit_mwh = 30.0 self.max_mw = sum(self.crusher_power_mw) self.min_mw = 0.0 self.con_switch_max = switch_max self.con_switch_period_s = 5*60 self.con_e_period_s = 15*60 class EnergyStorage(): def __init__(self): self.e_max_mwh = 1.0 self.e_min_mwh = 0.0 self.p_max_mw = 3.0 self.p_min_mw = -3.0 self.e_initial_mwh = 0.5 class BuildOptModel(): def __init__(self, cement, storage, ts=2): self.ts = 2 # time interval for storage, in seconds self.cement = cement self.storage = storage # self.tc = 60 # time interval for cement, in seconds # self.signals = signals # num_hour = len(signals.energy_price_mwh) # self.num_tc = 60*60/self.tc*num_hour # self.num_ts = 60*60/self.ts*num_hour # self.num_x = cement.num_crusher*self.num_tc # cement crusher status # self.num_p = self.num_ts # energy storage charging power # self.num_e = self.num_ts # energy storage level # self.num_b = num_hour # baseline for regulation provision # self.num_r = num_hour # regulation capacity # self.num_var = self.num_x + self.num_p + self.num_e + self.num_b + self.num_r self.base_MW = None self.reg_MW = None self.log_file = 'case_record.txt' self.mpc_obj_alpha = 10.0 self.mpc_obj_beta = 10.0 self.mpc_obj_gamma = 10.0 def set_base_reg(self, b, r): self.base_MW = b self.reg_MW = r def set_log(self, file_name): self.log_file = file_name def mpc_optimization(self, pred, para): """One step of MPC optimization with forecast signal (pred) and configuration (para) """ h = len(pred) cement_p0 = para['cement_p0'] storage_e0 = para['storage_e0'] c_pos = lambda x: x se_pos = lambda x: h+x sp_pos = lambda x: 2*h+x dr_pos = lambda x: 3*h+x # deviation of regulation command dc_pos = lambda x: 4*h+x # change of cement crusher number # variable bounds x_up = [-1.0]*5*h x_lo = [0.0]*5*h for x in range(h): x_up[c_pos(x)] = self.cement.num_crusher x_up[se_pos(x)] = self.storage.e_max_mwh x_lo[se_pos(x)] = self.storage.e_min_mwh x_up[sp_pos(x)] = self.storage.p_max_mw x_lo[sp_pos(x)] = self.storage.p_min_mw x_up[dr_pos(x)] = self.reg_MW*2.0 x_up[dc_pos(x)] = self.cement.num_crusher var_types = 'I'*h + 'C'*4*h row = 0 rhs = [0.0]*5*h con_senses = ['E']*h + ['G', 'G']*h + ['G']*2*h triples = [] # energy balance for x in range(h): triples.append([row, sp_pos(x), -self.ts/3600.0]) triples.append([row, se_pos(x), 1.0]) if x == 0: rhs[row] = storage_e0 else: triples.append([row, se_pos(x-1), -1.0]) row += 1 # power balance for x in range(h): triples.append([row, dr_pos(x), 1.0]) triples.append([row+1, dr_pos(x), 1.0]) reg_command = self.base_MW + self.reg_MW*pred[x] rhs[row] = reg_command rhs[row+1] = -reg_command triples.append([row, c_pos(x), self.cement.crusher_power_mw[0]]) triples.append([row+1, c_pos(x), -self.cement.crusher_power_mw[0]]) triples.append([row, sp_pos(x), 1.0]) triples.append([row+1, sp_pos(x), -1.0]) row += 2 # cement crusher change for x in range(h): triples.append([row, dc_pos(x), 1.0]) triples.append([row+1, dc_pos(x), 1.0]) triples.append([row, c_pos(x), -1.0]) triples.append([row+1, c_pos(x), 1.0]) if x == 0: rhs[row] = -cement_p0/self.cement.crusher_power_mw[0] rhs[row+1] = cement_p0/self.cement.crusher_power_mw[0] else: triples.append([row, c_pos(x-1), 1.0]) triples.append([row+1, c_pos(x-1), -1.0]) row += 2 # obj obj = [0]*len(x_up) for x in range(h): obj[dr_pos(x)] = self.mpc_obj_alpha obj[dc_pos(x)] = self.mpc_obj_beta # cement operation limit if 'cement_e_min' in para and False: for n1 in range(h): rhs.append(para['cement_e_min'][n1]) for x in range(n1): triples.append([row, c_pos(x), self.cement.crusher_power_mw[0]*self.ts/3600.0]) con_senses.append("G") row += 1 if 'cement_switch_max' in para and True: for n1 in range(h): rhs.append(para['cement_switch_max'][n1]) for x in range(n1): triples.append([row, dc_pos(x), 1.0]) con_senses.append('L') row += 1 if 'storage_level_penalty' in para and True: obj.append(para['storage_level_penalty']) x_up.append(0.5*self.storage.e_max_mwh) x_lo.append(0) var_types += 'C' de_pos = 5*h rhs.append(-0.5*self.storage.e_max_mwh) rhs.append(0.5*self.storage.e_max_mwh) triples.append([row, de_pos, 1.0]) triples.append([row+1, de_pos, 1.0]) triples.append([row, se_pos(h-1), -1.0]) triples.append([row+1, se_pos(h-1), 1.0]) row += 2 con_senses.append('G') con_senses.append('G') # config cplex my_prob = cplex.Cplex() my_prob.set_log_stream(None) my_prob.set_results_stream(None) gap_tolerance = 1e-6 my_prob.parameters.clocktype.set(2) my_prob.parameters.timelimit.set(7200) my_prob.parameters.mip.tolerances.mipgap.set(gap_tolerance) # feed cplex my_prob.linear_constraints.add(rhs=rhs, senses=con_senses) my_prob.objective.set_sense(my_prob.objective.sense.minimize) my_prob.variables.add(obj=obj, ub=x_up, lb=x_lo) my_prob.linear_constraints.set_coefficients(triples) my_prob.variables.set_types(zip(range(len(var_types)), var_types)) # call cplex time1 = time.time() my_prob.solve() cpu_time = time.time() - time1 status = my_prob.solution.get_status() if status in [103]: print 'NO cplex solution with status %d at %d' % (status, para['step']) return [None, None, None, None, None] var_solution = my_prob.solution.get_values()[0:len(var_types)] cement_n = [var_solution[c_pos(x)] for x in range(h)] storage_p = [var_solution[sp_pos(x)] for x in range(h)] switch = [var_solution[dc_pos(x)] for x in range(h)] vio = [var_solution[dr_pos(x)] for x in range(h)] return [cement_n, storage_p, vio, switch, cpu_time] def simulate_mpc(self, agc_trace, forecast): """Simulate MPC over hours with given signals and prediction.""" num_ts = len(agc_trace) mpc_horizon = forecast.shape[1] cement_p_mw = [self.base_MW]*num_ts storage_p_mw = [0.0]*num_ts storage_e_mwh = [0.5*self.storage.e_max_mwh]*num_ts # moving horizon cpu_list = [] for step in range(num_ts): pred = forecast[step, :] para = dict() para['step'] = step para['storage_e0'] = storage_e_mwh[step-1] para['cement_p0'] = cement_p_mw[step-1] para['cement_switch_max'] = dict() for h in range(mpc_horizon): past_mw = cement_p_mw[max(0, step+h-self.cement.con_switch_period_s/self.ts):step] switch_done = np.sum(np.absolute(np.subtract(past_mw[1:], past_mw[:-1])))/self.cement.crusher_power_mw[0] para['cement_switch_max'][h] = self.cement.con_switch_max - switch_done e_done = np.sum(cement_p_mw[max(0, step+h-self.cement.con_e_period_s/self.ts):step])*self.ts/3600.0 para['storage_level_penalty'] = self.mpc_obj_gamma [cement_n_h, a, b, c, cpu_time] = self.mpc_optimization(pred, para) if cement_n_h is None: print '[Fail] R %.1f B %.1f H %d ObjCoef %d %d %d %d ' \ % (self.reg_MW, self.base_MW, mpc_horizon, self.mpc_obj_alpha, self.mpc_obj_beta, self.mpc_obj_gamma, self.cement.con_switch_max) return [None, None, None, None] cpu_list.append(cpu_time) cement_p_mw[step] = cement_n_h[0]*self.cement.crusher_power_mw[0] agc_next = agc_trace[step] desire_p = agc_next*self.reg_MW + self.base_MW - cement_p_mw[step] storage_p_mw[step] = max(min(desire_p, self.storage.p_max_mw), self.storage.p_min_mw) storage_e_mwh[step] = storage_e_mwh[step-1] + storage_p_mw[step]*self.ts/3600.0 return cement_p_mw, storage_p_mw, storage_e_mwh, cpu_list def simulation_summary(self, agc_trace, cement_p_mw, storage_p_mw, storage_e_mwh, cpu_list, display=False, verbose=False): num_ts = len(agc_trace) if verbose: switch_record = [] energy_record = [] for ts in range(num_ts): c_mw_1 = cement_p_mw[max(0, ts-self.cement.con_switch_period_s/self.ts):ts] c_mw_2 = cement_p_mw[max(0, ts-self.cement.con_e_period_s/self.ts):ts] switch_record.append(sum(np.absolute(np.subtract(c_mw_1[1:], c_mw_1[:-1])))) energy_record.append(sum(c_mw_2)*self.ts/3600.0) np.savetxt('record_switch.txt', switch_record) np.savetxt('record_energy.txt', energy_record) plt.plot(switch_record) plt.plot(energy_record) plt.show() base_p_mw = [self.base_MW]*num_ts reg_cmd_mw = [self.reg_MW*agc_trace[t_] + base_p_mw[t_] for t_ in range(num_ts)] plant_p_mw = [storage_p_mw[t_] + cement_p_mw[t_] for t_ in range(num_ts)] violation = [plant_p_mw[x] - reg_cmd_mw[x] for x in range(num_ts)] reg_vio_mwh = sum(np.absolute(violation))*self.ts/3600.0 switch_mw = sum(np.absolute(np.subtract(cement_p_mw[1:], cement_p_mw[:-1]))) cement_mwh = sum(cement_p_mw)*self.ts/3600.0 storage_de_mwh = storage_e_mwh[-1] - self.storage.e_initial_mwh highest = max(storage_e_mwh) lowest = min(storage_e_mwh) avg_cpu = np.mean(cpu_list) title = 'R %.1f B %.1f ObjCoef %d %d %d SLim %d Summary %.1f %.1f %.1f %.1f' % \ (self.reg_MW, self.base_MW, self.mpc_obj_alpha, self.mpc_obj_beta, self.mpc_obj_gamma, self.cement.con_switch_max, reg_vio_mwh, switch_mw, storage_de_mwh, cement_mwh) with open(self.log_file, 'a+') as f: f.write(title + '\n') f.flush() f.close() if display: matplotlib.rc('font', size=12) matplotlib.rcParams['xtick.labelsize'] = 10 matplotlib.rcParams['ytick.labelsize'] = 10 f, (ax1, ax2, ax3) = plt.subplots(3, 1, sharex=True) ax1.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), base_p_mw, color='b', ls='-', linewidth=2) ax1.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), reg_cmd_mw, label='agc command', color='r', ls='-', linewidth=2) ax1.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), plant_p_mw, label='plant power', color='k', ls='--', linewidth=2) ax2.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), cement_p_mw, label='cement power', color='r', ls='-', linewidth=2) ax2.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), storage_p_mw, label='storage power', color='b', ls='-', linewidth=2) ax2.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), [self.storage.p_max_mw]*(3600/self.ts), ls='--', color='b', linewidth=1) ax2.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), [self.storage.p_min_mw]*(3600/self.ts), ls='--', color='b', linewidth=1) ax3.plot(range(0, 3600, self.ts), storage_e_mwh, label='storage level', color='b', ls='-', linewidth=2) ax1.grid() ax2.grid() ax3.grid() ax1.set_ylabel('regulation [MW]') ax2.set_ylabel('devices [MW]') ax3.set_ylabel('storage [MWh]') ax1.legend(loc='lower center') ax2.legend(loc='lower center') ax3.legend(loc='upper left') # ax1.set_ylabel('regulation [MW]', fontsize=15) # ax2.set_ylabel('cement and storage power [MW]', fontsize=15) # ax3.set_ylabel('storage energy level [MWh]', fontsize=15) ax1.legend(loc='lower center', fontsize=10) ax2.legend(loc='lower center', fontsize=10) ax3.legend(loc='upper left', fontsize=10) ax1.set_ylim([-3.5, 11.5]) ax2.set_ylim([-3.5, 8.5]) # ax3.set_ylim([-0.5*self.storage.e_max_mwh, 1.1*self.storage.e_max_mwh]) ax3.set_ylim([-0.05*self.storage.e_max_mwh, 1.05*self.storage.e_max_mwh]) frame1 = plt.gca() frame1.axes.get_xaxis().set_ticks([i*300 for i in range(0, 13)]) frame1.axes.get_xaxis().set_ticklabels([5*i for i in range(0, 13)]) plt.xlabel('Minute') # plt.rc('xtick', labelsize=30) # plt.rc('ytick', labelsize=30) plt.gca().set_xlim(left=0) plt.gca().set_xlim(right=3600) # f.suptitle(title) plt.savefig(title + '.pdf', dpi=f.dpi) # plt.show() return reg_vio_mwh, switch_mw, storage_de_mwh, cement_mwh def hankel(Y, k): n = Y.shape[0] return np.hstack([Y[r:n-k+r+1, :] for r in range(k)]) def predict_agc(agc, mpc_horizon=15, hour=6): n_p = 60 # train xy = hankel(agc.reshape((len(agc), 1)), n_p+mpc_horizon) phi = xy[:, :n_p] yy = xy[:, -mpc_horizon:] m, n = phi.shape lam = 1 theta = np.linalg.solve(phi.T.dot(phi) + lam*np.eye(n), phi.T.dot(yy)) yy_pred = phi.dot(theta) # err = np.std(yy_pred - yy, axis=0) agc = agc[hour*1800: (hour+1)*1800] offset = hour*1800 - n_p preds = yy_pred[offset:offset+1800, :] # plt.figure() # plt.plot(agc) # for ts in range(0, 1800, 100): # plt.plot(np.array(range(preds.shape[1])) + ts, preds[ts], color='r', linewidth=3) # plt.show() return preds, agc def test_hourly_simulation(preds, agc_trace): # configs configs = [[10, 10, 10, 0.5, 5, 2], [10, 10, 10, 0.5, 7, 4], [10, 10, 3, 0.5, 7, 4], [100, 10, 3, 0.5, 7, 4] ] for beta, gama, switch_limit, e_ratio, reg_mw, base_mw in configs: cement = CementPlant(switch_limit) storage = EnergyStorage() opt = BuildOptModel(cement, storage) opt.set_base_reg(base_mw, reg_mw) opt.mpc_obj_beta = beta opt.mpc_obj_gamma = gama para = dict() para['step'] = 0 para['storage_e0'] = e_ratio*storage.e_max_mwh para['cement_p0'] = base_mw para['reg_mw'] = reg_mw para['base_mw'] = base_mw cement_p_mw, storage_p_mw, storage_e_mwh, cpu_list = opt.simulate_mpc(agc_trace, preds) [reg_vio_mwh, switch_mw, storage_de_mwh, cement_mwh] \ = opt.simulation_summary(agc_trace, cement_p_mw, storage_p_mw, storage_e_mwh, cpu_list, display=True, verbose=False) print reg_vio_mwh, switch_mw, storage_de_mwh, cement_mwh if __name__ == "__main__": agc_data = np.loadtxt('data/regD-13-01-04-Fri.txt') [forecast, agc] = predict_agc(agc_data, mpc_horizon=15, hour=5) test_hourly_simulation(forecast, agc)

https://github.com/mindfulyoga/mindfulyoga.github.io/blob/master/src/popUpMenu.js

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

mindfulyoga.github.io

mindfulyoga

JavaScript

Code

$(document).ready(function () { var isScaled=600; if($(window).width()<isScaled){ $("#menuBar").click(function () { $("#menu").toggle().find("a.menus").css({ "background":"red", "display":"block", "color":"CACACA", "float":"non", "font-weight":"bold" }); }).css({ "background":"red", "display":"absolute", "top":"0", "left":"0" }); } $("#menu").find("a#innerMenus").click(function () { }) });

sn87058075_1916-05-12_1_2_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

PLAIN DEALER FRIDAY, MAY 12, 1916 BY MEAD PUBLISHING CO Official Paper of the City and the County Issued on Friday of Each Week Gov. Meredith Predicted Iowa citizens are becoming acquainted with the splendid qualifications possessed by Hon. E. T. Meredith, governor, not particularly through the medium of the Democratic press but by such representative Republican papers as the Des Moines Register-Leader which seldom has any commendation for anything or anybody on our side of the political fence. We give its cordial tribute below and invite our Republican friends to remember its meritorious words. "The Democratic party is especially fortunate in having its choice for governor acknowledged, irrespective of party, as one who would be a credit to Iowa should he be given the highest place which it is within the power of the voters to bestow. The Register cannot too strongly commend the Democratic leaders of the state on the ticket and on the platform they have presented, and will ratify at the June primaries. Mr. Meredith is one of the most aggressive champions of a bigger and better Iowa, and the men who are to be associated with him are all men of standing. To use Mr. Meredith's own expression the ticket "adds up 100 percent. Mr. Meredith has youth, energy, ambition, ability. He is genial. Everybody will like him and warm up to him. He is looking forward. He will inspire confidence. He will make a memorable campaign. The Register can hardly exaggerate his strong points as a candidate at this time. If the man the Republicans pit against him does not appeal to the best sentiment of the state, if the Republican program is not progressive and aggressive, if there is the least faltering on the great moral issues, if there is the least backward look in the platform, if there is anything to suggest that Republicanism in Iowa is not up to form, and up to the best form, there will be a successor to Horace Boies in the governor's chair, and anybody who does not recognize that fact will be in the way of a great surprise on election day. The present political upset, when the man knows what a day may bring forth, mere political designations are not going to weigh much as against the personal character and known capacity of men. Merely being Republican or Democratic will signify less in November than it has since the Civil War. In particular, it will signify less in the great administrative offices of the state. Mr. Meredith's sagacity is shown in nothing more than in the emphasis he has himself put on the platform on which he is to stand and on the men with whom he is to run. For the character of the men and the policies for which they are to stand will determine enough votes this year to turn the state one way or the other. The Register is not committing itself to Mr. Meredith's candidacy. But we are saying as strongly as we can find words to say it, that Mr. Meredith is the best man the Democrats could name, and we are putting it up to the Republican leaders as strongly as we would and words to put it up, that unless they get together on the most progressive platform they can name, on the most progressive platform they can write, they will not elect Governor Clark's successor." Methodists of the Assurance of United States were in sympathy with President Wilson's efforts to keep the United States from becoming involved in the European War was voiced by Bishop Earl Cranston, of Washington, D.C., who opened the twenty-seventh general conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church at Saratoga Springs, N.Y., Monday. It would assure the President of the United States, Bishop Cranston said, "that whatever temporary backsliding may happen when a few Methodists here or yonder may fall under the spell of a magnetic political leader, the great body of our people are in full sympathy with all of his patriotic and Christian endeavors to espouse this nation out of the European embroilment." The Times has no patience with the indiscriminate criticism heaped upon President Wilson in the national crisis through which we are now passing, by some that he has been too slow in asserting our right by others that he is pursuing a course that may lead to war with Germany. The outstanding fact remains that we are still at peace and that the President has done every thing possible to avert war. For this, he is to be commissioned and if war must come, it is time for the jingo. President Wilson's endorsement of Wilson's foreign policy, Col. Roosevelt has chosen for especial censure the fact that the government at Washington did not protest against the German invasion of Belgium, and harsh and bitter adjectives have leaped from the Colonel's tongue in his attempt to pillory the administration for its course in that matter," says the Buffalo Times. "It is well to compare Col. Roosevelt's rebukes on this point with his opinions at the time the Belgian question first arose, and it will be..." Found that at that time the Colonel expressed himself in a totally different vein, from that since associated with his utterances on the point. "In a single article in the Outlook for September 22, 1914, Col. Roosevelt said: "A deputation of Belgians has arrived in this country to invoke our assistance in the time of their dreadful need. What action our government can or will take, I know not. It has been announced that no action can be taken that will interfere with our entire neutrality. It is certainly eminently desirable that we should remain entirely neutral, and nothing but urgent need would warrant breaking our neutrality and taking sides one way or the other. "Of course it would be folly to jump into the gulf ourselves to no good purpose and very probably nothing that we could have done would have helped Belgium. We have not the smallest responsibility for what has befallen her, and I am sure the sympathy of this country for the suffering of men, women, and children of Belgium is very real. Nevertheless, this sympathy is compatible with full acknowledgment of the unwisdom of his uttering a single word of official protest unless we are prepared to make that protest effective and only the clearest and most urgent national duty would ever justify us in deviating from our rule of neutrality and non-interference. "Thereby Col. Roosevelt gave a complete endorsement to the policy of President Wilson which Roosevelt afterward so savagely and unjustly censured. Such a flat contradiction tells its own story and it puts on Roosevelt a debt of explanation which he can never discharge." Proposed Resolution of Necessity. Be it resolved, By the City Council of the City of Cresco, Iowa, that it is deemed advisable and necessary to make improvements by paving with 7 inch Portland cement concrete pavement, consisting of a 5 inch foundation and a 2 inch top course, the foundation to be prepared and the pavement to be constructed in accordance with the specifications to be prepared by the City Engineer and approved by the City Council, the following named streets and parts of streets to be laid: Third Avenue East from the West line of Sixth Street East to the West line of Eighth Street East. Also First Avenue West from the west side of Second Street West to east side of Third Street West. The expense of making said improvements to be assessed against all lots and parcels of land abutting thereon and adjacent thereto, and including one half of the privately owned property between the Streets so proposed to be improved and the next street, whether abutting on said street or not, but not to include privately owned property situated more than three hundred feet from the street proposed to be improved hereunder, in accordance with the law governing the same. And the contractor who shall make said improvement shall guarantee that the same will endure without need of repair for 3 years from the date of its acceptance by the city. Be it further resolved, That the City Council will meet at 8 o'clock p.m., on the 14th day of June, 1916, at the Council Room in said city for the purpose of considering objections to said proposed resolution at which meeting said resolution may be amended and passed or passed as proposed and that notice of the tendency of said proposed resolution be published as provided by law. Attest: M. J. MCARTHUR, City Clerk. AnonneeHeat. I hereby announce myself as a candidate on the Republican ticket for the office of County Recorder, subject to the decision of the voters of Howard County at the primary election to be held June 5th, 1916. 33-tf W. B. DAVIS. For Sale. Store building in Cresco. Enquire of WM. F. ALLEN. for band), tin and SALE-Three Violins, and an Eb Picco- use in brass One 3-4 size Vio the Piccolo are brand new and in be& condition, except for a slight "check" in the Pic colo. All will be sold CHEAP. Enquire at this office. PRIZE ESSAY ON BUILDING CO. ROADS. (By Arnold M. Pless) Due to the large increase of automobiles, the necessity of good roads becomes more and more urgent. I do not propose macadamize or paved roads at all, but simply confine myself to the ordinary dirt and gravel roads. Having run an automobile the past summer, I have discovered, more than ever, the poor condition of our country roads also the Useful expenditure of the people's money. My first example will be the turnpike, built a little over two miles west of Cresco. The men and teams were continuously busy, scraping down the small hills and knolls and filling up little valleys and depressions, for nearly a whole summer and unnecessarily moved as much ground on a half or three quarter mile stretch as would have sufficed to fill every hole, culvert and bridge approach, from Cresco to Riceville and thus would have given us, approximately, twenty-two miles of fairly good road, instead of a half or three quarters of a mile. This may seem exaggerated to some, but I think that anyone, who has done very much traveling by auto, will agree with me, that the roads will be good for a quarter or half a mile and then will come a few bumps and holes, and then some more good road and so on ad infinitum. Consequently, if those bad spots were given attention and perfectly cured, the roads would be good, all through. I would urge that ten teams and twenty men or any desirable number be sent in every direction, following up the road, to fill up every chuck hole, every water hole and every deep rut, and, if they keep this up throughout the season, there will be more passable roads on account of the diminishing number of these and of soft spots, these same men might also be charged, with the dragging of the roads, after every rain. In the next place, special attention should be paid to culverts and bridges. Anyone, traveling from Old Town, Lime Springs, to Chester, must be astonished at the splendid culverts, constructed along that road and the condition in which they are left. So far, the road would have been better without them, because, before they were put in, there was one bad hole, and now, with a culvert in, there are two: one on this side and one on the other, causing a jar while crossing them. For two consecutive years, these culverts have been left this way, without properly filled approaches. I would suggest that the dirt for filling be not simply dumped into the hole, but rounded and carefully leveled off, so that the water will have to run away. I have observed places where the dirt was dumped in without leveling and if a person unexpectedly runs against one of these bumps, he is liable to be thrown from the car. I realize that this cannot all be done at once, but I believe, if my plan were followed, it would give us tolerable good roads and greater mileage, at no greater expense, than the system followed heretofore, if system, it may be called. Whenever there are naturally wet and springy spots or where water is standing in the ditches, I would make more extensive use of tile draining. The efficiency of the road to cure spring spots, is proven to all who compare the road between Howard Center Bridge and Long's Farmstead, as it was, before the county put in a string of tile on each side of the road, with what it is now. Every spring, boards or posts had to be stuck into the mire as danger signals, but now that place is as solid, as any between Cresco and Howard Center. What wrought the improvement? Tile did it. It is the water that spoils a dirt road and, if you can keep that out, you have a fair road. It goes without saying, that any road officer, having in his district a bridge or culvert, protruding three inches above the road bed, must be a person of a depraved mind, otherwise he would not subject his fellow citizens to so much ruffling of temper and their cars and tires to so many severe jolts. The bridge or culvert, in the condition just described, is the unpardonable sin in road construction. So much for working the roads to greater advantage: now I want to say a few words about how the money expended for the upkeep of the roads, can do more work than it actually is accomplishing. It is the common complaint, that the expense of surveying and superintending of the work is considerably out of proportion with the sums spent in actual construction. The tendency is, to have too many superintendents, drawing large wages and big mileage without accomplishing results. This tendency may be illustrated by a fact, which was actually observed in a neighboring county. Passers by noticed a man with a team filling up a hole and besides that, two autos and two other men there. On inquiry, it was found out that the two cars belonged to two different road officers, both of whom superintended the work the lone man was doing, drawing, each one, a larger day's wage than the man actually working, besides their mileage. It is self-evident, that in this idle the money was sunk that would have filled four other holes of the same dimensions. Let us, by all means, try to cut down overhead cost, to get more money to put into actual road construction. Another cause of wasting money, is the system, largely followed, of hiring work done by the day, where one frequently assists the other in doing nothing. It is my idea that all road work should be let by contract to the lowest responsible bidder and the same be held to follow the exact specifications. Such a contractor would see to it, that the men and horses would do a full day's work, which again would redound to the benefit of our roads and at the same time stop the sinful waste of material, for which the county paid. Four or five miles from Cresco, a cement bridge was built, costing, maybe, six hundred dollars and when the work was finished there were left five hundred empty cement sacks, to rot in the rains, besides the lumber used in constructing the bridge which floated down the river, a clear waste of sixty dollars or ten percent of the entire cost of the structure. Those sixty dollars might have remedied two of the worst places in the roads of Howard county. If such a waste is not sinful then please tell me what sinful means. We read so much nowadays, in the papers, of German efficiency in Europe can't we have a little more American efficiency and less waste in the department of public highways here in Howard county? Clean Up! All garbage and all litter both in alleys and elsewhere should be cleaned up at once for sanitary purposes and to keep the town as free from flies as possible. E. O. White has charge of the garbage lot southwest of town, and if you have garbage or dead animals to bury see him. A. E. BARKER, Mayor. Ladies Can Wear Shoes One size smaller after using Allen's Foot-Ease, the Antiseptic powder to be shaken into the shoes and used in the foot-bath for hot, tired, swollen, aching, tender feet. It makes tight or new shoes feel easy. Sold everywhere, 25c. Ask for Allen's Foot-Ease. Don't accept any substitute. 36t4 Get your Stock Dip at MARKET STREET DRUG STORE. Stomach Catarrh Is Yery prevalent In this climate catarrh Is a prevalent disease. Catarrh af fects the stomach as often an any other organ. Perhaps every third person is more or less troubled with stomach catarrh. Peruna is extensively used in these cases. TNE MLIMU FAULT. REMEDY tobacco enjoyment f* ."»!• 1 'A' Bmy Priitee Albert every teppyred kmgt. Sc tidy red tarn, 10c ifme dm* with tmpthmt iiiHtdMrMa mmvt JU." as you never thought could be is yours to command quick as you buy some Prince Albert and fire-up a pipe or a home-made cigarette! Prince Albert gives you every tobacco sat isfaction your smoke appetite ever hankered for. That's because it's made by a patented process that cuts out bite and parch! Prince Albert has always been sold without coupons or premiums. We prefer to give quality I y--V the national joy smoke has a flavor as different as it is delightful. You never tasted the like of it! And that isn't strange, either. Men who think they can't smoke a pipe or roll a ciga rette can smoke and will smoke if they use Prince Beautiful, Sanitary? Durable, Washable •—these four words tell why tks MdimUw Timtt" is the ideal finish for the walls of your home. "Mellotone" gives a pure white or choice of many delicate hues as "soft as the rainbow tints." "Mellotone" is not easily injured, does not fade and lasts for years. You can wash it as often as you like. "Mellotone" will lighten and brighten your whole home. Before you decorate, let us tell you of the many practical, pleasing and economical qualities of Mello tone. Color card free upon request. T. Lomas Cresco, Iowa 500 Home Plans FREE Come in today for our big plan book. Show over 300 homes, floor plans, color schemes, exact prices. All sold "direct to you" by Alexander. Built hundreds of safe-time—tinting patterns, and all materials highest quality. Prices lowest. No second-hand lumber. No freight to pay. No money in advance. Buy from ALEXANDER Tobacco Co On the way to this tidy radio, will raise no more than patented tobacco, which will last forever. Albert And smokers who have not yet given P. A. a try out certainly have a big surprise and a lot of enjoyment coming their way as soon as they invest in a supply. Prince Albert tobacco will tell its own story! R. J. REYNOLDS TOBACCO CO.,

https://github.com/essoen/Whydah-SPAProxyService/blob/master/src/test/java/net/whydah/commands/HystrixCommandTimeoutConfig.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

Whydah-SPAProxyService

essoen

Java

Code

package net.whydah.commands; public class HystrixCommandTimeoutConfig { public static int defaultTimeout = 30000000; //set for testing to get rid of fall-back possibility }

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Huaihua

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Huaihua

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Huaihua&action=history

Cebuano

Spoken

Ang Huaihua ngalan niining mga mosunod: Republikang Popular sa Tsina Huaihua Shi, prepektura, Hunan Sheng, Huaihua (lungsod sa Republikang Popular sa Tsina), Hunan Sheng, Pagklaro paghimo ni bot 2016-03 Pagklaro paghimo ni bot Republikang Popular sa Tsina

https://github.com/i-gaven/Just_a_dumper/blob/master/all_headers/词典翻译金山词霸-9.1.4(越狱应用)_headers/KSUserActivityStatisticsAutoUploadMemento.h

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

Just_a_dumper

i-gaven

Objective-C

Code

// // Generated by class-dump 3.5 (64 bit) (Debug version compiled Sep 17 2017 16:24:48). // // class-dump is Copyright (C) 1997-1998, 2000-2001, 2004-2015 by Steve Nygard. // #import <objc/NSObject.h> @class KSUserActivityStatisticsModelAutoUpload; @interface KSUserActivityStatisticsAutoUploadMemento : NSObject { KSUserActivityStatisticsModelAutoUpload *_model; } @property(retain, nonatomic) KSUserActivityStatisticsModelAutoUpload *model; // @synthesize model=_model; - (void).cxx_destruct; - (id)description; - (id)initWithData:(id)arg1 error:(id *)arg2; - (void)mergeFromDictionary:(id)arg1 useKeyMapping:(_Bool)arg2; - (void)mergeWithMemento:(id)arg1; - (id)toDictionary; - (id)toJSONString; - (id)toJSONData; - (id)initWithModel:(id)arg1; @end

https://github.com/jamesjiang52/Reshade/blob/master/reshade/pooling/l2norm.py

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

Reshade

jamesjiang52

Python

Code

""" The following classes are defined: L2NormPoolingNeuron L2NormPoolingLayer """ from math import sqrt from ..utils.validate import * from ..utils.flatten import * class L2NormPoolingNeuron: """ Construct a new l2norm pooling neuron. The output takes on the square root of the sum of the squares of the values in the input image. Args: inputs: An object of type Image. The input image. output: An object of type Connection. The output. """ def __init__(self, inputs, output): validate_dimensions_image(inputs) self._inputs = flatten_image(inputs) self._output = output for input_ in self._inputs: input_.bind_to(self._update_inputs) self._update_inputs() def _update_inputs(self): self._output.value = sqrt( sum([input_.value**2 for input_ in self._inputs]) ) class L2NormPoolingLayer: """ Construct a new l2norm pooling layer. Each neuron in the layer performs l2norm pooling on its receptive field in the input layer for the corresponding output in the output layer. Args: inputs: An object of type ConnectionLayer. The input layer. outputs: An object of type ConnectionLayer. The output layer. receptive_height: A positive integer. The height of the receptive field. receptive_width: A positive integer. The width of the receptive field. stride_height: A positive integer. The stride height across adjacent receptive fields. stride_width: A positive integer. The stride width across adjacent receptive fields. """ def __init__( self, inputs, outputs, receptive_height, receptive_width, stride_height, stride_width ): validate_dimensions_layer(inputs) validate_dimensions_layer(outputs) validate_receptive_parameters_layer( inputs, outputs, receptive_height, receptive_width, stride_height, stride_width ) self._inputs = inputs self._outputs = outputs self._neurons = [[[ L2NormPoolingNeuron( [row[x:x + receptive_width] for row in self._inputs[d][y:y + receptive_height]], self._outputs[d][y//stride_height][x//stride_width] ) for x in range(0, len(self._inputs[d][y]) - receptive_width + 1, stride_width)] for y in range(0, len(self._inputs[d]) - receptive_height + 1, stride_height)] for d in range(len(inputs))]

https://github.com/the1812/Bilibili-Evolved/blob/master/registry/lib/components/video/player/seek-by-frames/index.ts

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

Bilibili-Evolved

the1812

TypeScript

Code

import { addControlBarButton } from '@/components/video/video-control-bar' import { attributesSubtree } from '@/core/observer' import { playerReady } from '@/core/utils' import { playerUrls } from '@/core/utils/urls' import { addData } from '@/plugins/data' import { KeyBindingAction } from '../../../utils/keymap/bindings' import { defineComponentMetadata } from '@/components/define' import desc from './desc.md' import seekLeft from './seek-left.svg' import seekRight from './seek-right.svg' export const SeekByFramesDisabledClass = 'seek-by-frame-disable' const entry = async () => { await playerReady() const { playerAgent } = await import('@/components/video/player-agent') addData('ui.icons', (icons: Record<string, string>) => { icons['seek-left'] = seekLeft icons['seek-right'] = seekRight }) let frameTime = 0 attributesSubtree(`${playerAgent.query.control.buttons.quality.selector} ul`, () => { const selectedQuality = dq( `${playerAgent.query.control.buttons.quality.selector} .bui-select-item-active, ${playerAgent.query.control.buttons.quality.selector} .active`, ) const quality = selectedQuality ? parseInt(selectedQuality.getAttribute('data-value')) : 0 const fps = (() => { switch (quality) { // 60fps case 116: case 74: return 60000 / 1001 // 30fps default: return 30000 / 1001 } })() frameTime = 1 / fps }) const setFrame = (num: number) => { playerAgent.changeTime(num * frameTime) } addControlBarButton({ name: 'seekPrevFrame', displayName: '上一帧', icon: 'seek-left', order: 1, action: () => { setFrame(-1) }, }) addControlBarButton({ name: 'seekNextFrame', displayName: '下一帧', icon: 'seek-right', order: 2, action: () => { setFrame(1) }, }) } export const component = defineComponentMetadata({ name: 'seekByFrames', displayName: '启用逐帧调整', tags: [componentsTags.video], description: { 'zh-CN': desc, }, entry, reload: () => document.body.classList.remove(SeekByFramesDisabledClass), unload: () => document.body.classList.add(SeekByFramesDisabledClass), urlInclude: playerUrls, plugin: { displayName: '逐帧调整 - 快捷键支持', setup: () => { addData('keymap.actions', (actions: Record<string, KeyBindingAction>) => { actions.previousFrame = { displayName: '上一帧', run: context => { const { clickElement } = context return clickElement('.be-video-control-bar-extend [data-name="seekPrevFrame"]', context) }, } actions.nextFrame = { displayName: '下一帧', run: context => { const { clickElement } = context return clickElement('.be-video-control-bar-extend [data-name="seekNextFrame"]', context) }, } }) addData('keymap.presets', (presetBase: Record<string, string>) => { presetBase.previousFrame = 'shift arrowLeft' presetBase.nextFrame = 'shift arrowRight' }) }, }, })

https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22619559

StackExchange

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Stack Exchange

Bergi, https://stackoverflow.com/users/1048572, https://stackoverflow.com/users/2493354, https://stackoverflow.com/users/615754, nnnnnn, yuva 443

Danish

Spoken

How I can transform the result of node.js to prevent ember.js error: No model was found for '0 '? Node.js returns (results): [ { "value1": "234", "id": 67, "value2": "76543" }, { "value1": "468", "id": 68, "value2": "98765" }, {..} ] But Ember.js needs { "data":[ { "value1": "234", "id": 67, "value2": "76543" }, { "value1": "468", "id": 68, "value2": "98765" }, {..} ] } And I cannot find the correct way to modify the node.js return function: if err console.log "Error: #{err.message}" throw err res.send results So I think that I only need to "wrap" the results of the query... Any ideas? Oh, Im using Express if it helps... Just use res.send {data: results} Or client-side, if it can be modified before Ember gets hold of it: results = {data : results};. @nnnnnn: Since I don't know ember, I don't know where (or whether) you could place that :-) Yeah, I don't know Ember either (hence the "if" in my comment). +1 by the way. You can create a JSON object and store your data as @nnnnnn said.. may be like, var myData = {}; myData.data = results;

https://github.com/Soe-Myint-Htel/pizza_order_project/blob/master/app/Http/Controllers/Admin/CategoryController.php

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

pizza_order_project

Soe-Myint-Htel

PHP

Code

<?php namespace App\Http\Controllers\Admin; use Laracsv\Export; use App\Models\User; use App\Models\Pizza; use League\Csv\Reader; use App\Models\Category; use Illuminate\Http\Request; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB; use App\Http\Controllers\Controller; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Session; use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Validator; class categoryController extends Controller { public function category(){ if(Session::has('CATEGORY_SEARCH')){ Session::forget('CATEGORY_SEARCH'); } $data = Category::select('categories.*',DB::raw('COUNT(pizzas.category_id)as count')) ->leftJoin('pizzas','pizzas.category_id','categories.category_id') ->groupBy('categories.category_id') ->paginate(3); // dd($data->toArray()); return view('admin.category.list')->with(['category' => $data]); } // add category public function addCategory(){ return view('admin.category.addCategory'); } // delete category public function delete($id){ Category::where('category_id', $id)->delete(); return back()->with(['successDelete'=>'Categroy deleted successfully']); } // edit category public function edit($id){ $data = Category::where('category_id', $id)->first(); return view('admin.category.edit')->with(['category'=>$data]); } // update category public function update(Request $request){ $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [ 'name' => 'required', ]); if ($validator->fails()) { return back() ->withErrors($validator) ->withInput(); } $updateDate = [ 'category_name' => $request->name, ]; Category::where('category_id', $request->id)->update($updateDate); return redirect()->route('admin#category')->with(['successUpdate'=>'Category updated successfully']); } // category item public function categoryItem($id){ $data = Pizza::select('pizzas.*','categories.category_name as categroyName') ->join('categories','categories.category_id','pizzas.category_id') ->where('pizzas.category_id',$id) ->paginate(3); return view('admin.category.item')->with(['pizza'=>$data]); } public function createCategory(Request $request){ $validator = Validator::make($request->all(), [ 'name' => 'required', ]); if ($validator->fails()) { return back() ->withErrors($validator) ->withInput(); } $data = ['category_name' => $request->name]; Category::create($data); return redirect()->route('admin#category')->with(['successCategory' => 'Category added successfully...']); } // search category public function search(Request $request){ // $data = Category::where('category_name', 'like', '%'.$request->search.'%')->paginate(3); $data = Category::select('categories.*',DB::raw('COUNT(pizzas.category_id)as count')) ->leftJoin('pizzas','pizzas.category_id','categories.category_id') ->where('category_name', 'like', '%'.$request->search.'%') ->groupBy('categories.category_id') ->paginate(3); Session::put('CATEGORY_SEARCH', $request->search); $data->appends($request->all()); return view('admin.category.list')->with(['category' => $data]); } //csv download //library website link -https://webty.jp/staffblog/production/post-2990/?fbclid=IwAR0EcAZevdQ-wacEQv_p9xoME8IGgQfCHlJ8exhSLjxqwcL1nnIdU-jxV2I public function categoryDownload(){ if(Session::has('CATEGORY_SEARCH')){ $category = Category::select('categories.*',DB::raw('COUNT(pizzas.category_id)as count')) ->leftJoin('pizzas','pizzas.category_id','categories.category_id') ->where('category_name', 'like', '%'.Session::get('CATEGORY_SEARCH').'%') ->groupBy('categories.category_id') ->get(); }else{ $category = Category::select('categories.*',DB::raw('COUNT(pizzas.category_id)as count')) ->leftJoin('pizzas','pizzas.category_id','categories.category_id') ->groupBy('categories.category_id') ->get(); } $csvExporter = new \Laracsv\Export(); $csvExporter->build($category, [ 'category_id' => 'ID', 'category_name' => 'Name', 'count' => 'Product Count', 'created_at' => 'Created Date', 'updated_at' => 'Updated Date', ]); $csvReader = $csvExporter->getReader(); $csvReader->setOutputBOM(\League\Csv\Reader::BOM_UTF8); $filename = 'categoryList.csv'; return response((string) $csvReader) ->header('Content-Type', 'text/csv; charset=UTF-8') ->header('Content-Disposition', 'attachment; filename="'.$filename.'"'); } }

https://github.com/RaviPatel75/ScalajsReactTyped/blob/master/t/terminal-kit/src/main/scala/typingsJapgolly/terminalKit/Anon0.scala

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

ScalajsReactTyped

RaviPatel75

Scala

Code

package typingsJapgolly.terminalKit import typingsJapgolly.terminalKit.terminalMod.GridMenuResponse import scala.scalajs.js import scala.scalajs.js.`|` import scala.scalajs.js.annotation._ trait Anon0 extends js.Object { var promise: js.Promise[GridMenuResponse] } object Anon0 { @scala.inline def apply(promise: js.Promise[GridMenuResponse]): Anon0 = { val __obj = js.Dynamic.literal(promise = promise.asInstanceOf[js.Any]) __obj.asInstanceOf[Anon0] } }

https://it.wikipedia.org/wiki/Egidio%20De%20Maulo

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Egidio De Maulo

https://it.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Egidio De Maulo&action=history

Italian

Spoken

Biografia Fu discepolo di Consalvo Carelli, suocero di Vincenzo Bindi, il mecenate che ha donato a Giulianova la propria biblioteca e la raccolta di dipinti che oggi compongono la pinacoteca giuliese. De Maulo si trasferì giovanissimo a Napoli dove si inserì con successo fra i pittori che facevano parte della Scuola di Posillipo. Trattò soprattutto il paesaggio e la natura morta. In una Promotrice di Napoli partecipò con tre opere: “Un gruppo di cacciagione”, “Una lepre” ed “Un germano”. in una collezione privata è stato ritrovato un suo “pezzo” assai pregiato, olio su tela, che ritrae una beccaccia morta. Un suo dipinto, La Madonna che mostra il Bambino, si trova nella cappella gentilizia di San Gaetano Thiene, situata a Giulianova. Formatosi all’Accademia di Belle Arti di Napoli sotto la guida di G. Carelli, aderì alle forme paesaggistiche della Scuola di Posillipo, con marine e vedute d'Abruzzo e dei dintorni di Napoli. Dipinse anche ritratti, ma fu noto soprattutto come autore di nature morte ("Testa di vecchio" e "Un bottone di rosa", esposti a Milano nel 1872). Con quest'ultimo genere si presentò più frequentemente alle esposizioni (Una lepre, Gruppo di selvaggina e Una capoverde, esposti a Firenze nel 1891-1892; Un capoverde, esposto a Roma nel 1900). Morì a Roma il 14 novembre 1922. Note Bibliografia . Altri progetti Collegamenti esterni https://web.archive.org/web/20160306005210/http://it.cyclopaedia.net/wiki/Egidio_De_Maulo Sepolti nel cimitero del Verano

https://uk.wikipedia.org/wiki/Subaru%20WRX

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Subaru WRX

https://uk.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Subaru WRX&action=history

Ukrainian

Spoken

Subaru WRX — повнопривідна спортивна версія автомобіля японського концерну Subaru «компактного» класу — Subaru Impreza. З 1992 по 2014 рік називалась Subaru Impreza WRX. З моменту заснування моделі випущені такі покоління Subaru Impreza WRX: Subaru Impreza WRX 1 (1992–2000) Subaru Impreza WRX 2 (2001–2007) Subaru Impreza WRX 3 (2007–2014) Subaru WRX (2014–2021) Subaru WRX (з 2021) Опис моделі Випускається у варіантах седан, купе (до 2000 року), універсал (до 2007 року), а також хетчбек (з 2007 року). Гарна динаміка і керованість при порівняно невеликій ціні зробили WRX дуже популярною серед автомобільних ентузіастів. Продажі Subaru WRX почалися в 1992 року в Японії, але дуже скоро модель стали продавати також в Австралії, Північній Америці і Європі. У порівнянні з базовою моделлю, на WRX встановлюються ширші низькопрофільні шини, поліпшені гальма і посилена підвіска. Основна відмінність WRX від більш дешевих модифікацій — наявність турбонадуву, їх зовнішня відмінність — повітрозабірник на капоті, а також збільшені колеса — диски 18 дюймів. Перше покоління (1992–2000) Subaru Impreza WRX першого покоління дебютувала в листопаді 1992 року як седан і в жовтні 1993 року — як універсал. Останню модель логічніше назвати подовженим п'ятидверним хетчбеком. У січні 1997 року з'явилася модифікація з кузовом купе. Потужність різних версій опозитного бензинового двигуна EJ20G об'ємом 2,0 л становила від 211 до 250 к.с., всі без винятку автомобілі оснащувалися 5 ст. механічними КПП. Двигун 2.0 L EJ20G H4-T Друге покоління (2000–2007) В 2000 році з'явилося друге покоління Impreza WRX в кузові седан і універсал з постійним повним приводом (при прослизанні задніх коліс тяга автоматично розподіляється між осями в відношенні до 50:50), 5 ст. механічною КПП і 2,0 літровим турбованим двигуном EJ205 потужністю 218 к.с. В 2003 році модель модернізували, змінився зовнішній вигляд, а потужність двигуна зросла до 225 к.с. В 2005 році модель модернізували вдруге, змінився зовнішній вигляд, автомобіль отримав новий бензиновий двигун EJ255 з турбонадувом об'ємом 2,5 л потужністю 230 к.с., який агрегатувався з 5 ст. механічною КПП. Двигуни 2.0 L EJ205 H4-T 2.5 L EJ255 H4-T Третє покоління (2007–2014) Subaru Impreza WRX третього покоління спочатку випускалася тільки в кузові хетчбек, але в 2010 на Нью-Йоркському автосалоні її представили і в кузові седан. Турбований горизонтально-оппозитний двигун EJ255 об'ємом 2,5 л потужністю 230 к.с. працює в парі з 5-ступінчастою механічною КПП. Сучасна Impreza WRX відрізняється великою кількістю сучасних елементів в плані безпеки і комфорту. Двигун 2.5 L EJ255 H4-T Четверте покоління (VA; 2014—2021) Четверте покоління дебютувало на автосалоні в Лос-Анджелес 21 листопада 2013 року. Автомобіль отримав назву Subaru WRX і оснащується 2,0 літровим бензиновим турбодвигуном потужністю 268 к.с., крутний момент 349 Нм. Коробка передач — варіатор Lineartronic двох типів. Седан Subaru WRX отримав систему повного приводу Symmetrical AWD. Довжина седана Subaru WRX становить 4595 мм, ширина — 1795, висота — 1475 мм, колісна база — 2650 мм. 2016 року Subaru WRX та WRX STI продовжують вражати доданням новітніх технологій допомоги водієві та найновішої системи навігації від Subaru. Тим не менш, повний привід та потужні 4-циліндрові двигуни залишаються незмінними, що робить їх улюбленцями прихильників вражаючої динаміки за (відносно) низьку ціну. Версії ВРХ можуть бути обладнані навіть автоматичною трансмісією.  Базовий Subaru WRX 2016 року стандартно обладнаний: автоматичним клімат-контролем, камерою заднього огляду, новою аудіо системою, яка використовує сенсорний екран Starlink від Субару та включає Bluetooth, Pandora, радіо iHeart, USB і ще один додатковий роз’єм. Ходові характеристики автомобіля формують 268-сильний 4-циліндровий двигун, 17-дюймові литі диски із високоякісними шинами, та система активної векторизації крутильного моменту від Subaru, яка використовує гальма, щоб контролювати знос передньої осі. Субару ВРХ STI оснащений: 2-зонним клімат-контролем, підігрівом передніх сидінь, 18-дюймовими дисками, світлодіодними фарами головного світла та обшивкою салону штучною замшею Alcantara. Технології безпеки включають: 7 подушок безпеки, комплект електронних засобів для забезпечення стабільності кузова та жорстку структуру кузова від Subaru.  Багажник Subaru WRX пропонує 340 л простору. Спинки задніх крісел можна скласти за схемою 60/40, щоб звільнити додаткове місце для довгого вантажу. Двигун 2.0 L FA20F H4-T П'яте покоління (VB; 2021—наш час) Нове покоління WRX було представлено серією концептуальних автомобілів під брендом VIZIV Performance Concept ще в 2017 році. Серійний WRX був перероблений для 2022 модельного року та перенесений на платформу Subaru Global Platform. Subaru мала намір дебютувати абсолютно новий WRX 2022 року 19 серпня 2021 року на Нью-Йоркському міжнародному автосалоні 2021 року. Однак через скасування автошоу презентацію перенесли на 10 вересня. У березні 2022 року Subaru оголосила, що не продаватиме високопродуктивну модель WRX STI другого покоління з двигуном внутрішнього згоряння. Домінік Інфанте з Subaru заявив: «[Новий WRX STI матиме дуже обмежений термін придатності... Правила [викидів] змінюються настільки швидко, що це не мало б жодного сенсу». Покоління WRX після VB може включати WRX STI, але майбутнє WRX STI, ймовірно, включатиме гібридну або електричну трансмісію. Двигун 2.4 L FA24F turbo H4 275 к.с. при 5600 об/хв 350 Нм при 2000-4800 об/хв Автоспорт На спортивних версіях моделі Subaru Impreza WRX неодноразово здобували перемоги в чемпіонатах світу з ралі WRC, а також в різних національних чемпіонатах — ралійних, кросових, ралі-кросових, з шосейно-кільцевих гонок. Посилання Impreza на офіційному сайті Subaru Official Subaru Impreza WRX Website Subaru World Rally Team Subaru Impreza WRX Клуб любителів Субару і не тільки Subaru Impreza Club — Клуб автовласників Subaru Impreza Зноски Автомобілі 1990-х Автомобілі 2000-х Автомобілі 2010-х Автомобілі Subaru Автомобілі Гольф класу Седани

59140-0-11

Gutenberg

Open Culture

Public Domain

Étude sur les maladies éteintes et les maladies nouvelles pour servir à l'histoire des évolutions séculaires de la pathologie

Anglada, Charles

French

Spoken

[452] Si je ne cite pas les nombres, c’est que j’ai surpris quelques inexactitudes typographiques. (Monneret et Fleury, art. _Scarlatine_ du _Compendium_.) [453] Fothergill, _Description du mal de gorge accompagné d’ulcères qui a paru ces dernières années à Londres_, etc. Trad. de l’anglais par M. de la Chapelle. Paris, M.DCC.XLIX.--_An account of the sore throat attended with ulcers._ London, 1748. [454] Cullen, _Élém. de méd. prat._ Trad., t. II, p. 42. [455] _Pædanchone loïmodes, seu de pestilente ac præfocante pueros, abscessu._ (Marci-Aurelii Severini Tharsensis, _De recondita abscessuum natura libri VIII_.) [456] Joannis Huxham, _lib. de febribus et alia opuscula varia_, etc., IX. _Dissertatio de angina maligna_, p. 274. _Venetiis_, MDCCLXV. Il est étrange qu’on ne trouve rien nulle part sur la vie de Huxham, l’un des meilleurs observateurs du siècle dernier, auteur de plusieurs écrits restés classiques. Son nom est même absent dans le _Dictionnaire historique de médecine_ d’Eloy, et dans la _Biographie des médecins_ de Bayle. M. Dezeimeris se contente de dire qu’il mourut à Plymouth, le 12 août 1768, fort avancé en âge, puisque les observations qu’il a publiées remontent à quarante années au delà. [457] Huxham, _Op. cit._, p. 279. [458] Huxham, _Op. cit._, p. 287. Je ferai remarquer, à ce propos, que tous les auteurs répètent que Huxham a comparé la couleur de la peau, en pareil cas, à celle du _suc de framboise_. Le texte indique expressément le _jus de groseille_ (_ribesiorum_). On comprend que je n’attache aucune valeur à une aussi insignifiante rectification. Mais j’en déduis que si les écrivains s’empruntent, en se copiant, des inexactitudes aussi faciles à vérifier, ils doivent perpétuer, par ce procédé, des erreurs bien autrement importantes. [459] Huxham, _Op. cit._, p. 287-288. [460] Fuster, _Monographie clinique de l’affection catarrhale_, ch. VI, p. 184. Montpellier, 1861. _De la Constitution catarrhale de Plymouth, d’après Huxham_ (_passim_). [461] Frank, _Path. int._, t. II, p. 103, _Encycl. des sc. méd._ [462] Pinel, _Nosogr. philos._, t. II, p. 61. 1810. [463] Bateman, _Abrégé pratique des maladies de la peau_. Trad., p. 116. 1820. [464] Guersant et Blache, _Dict. de médecine_, art. _Scarlatine_. [465] Gintrac. _Cours théor. et clin. de path._, t. IV. [466] Stoll, _Aphorismi de cognoscendis et curandis febribus_, aphorismus 585. Vindobonæ, MDCCLXXXVI. [467] Huxham, _Op. cit._, p. 275. [468] Huxham, _Op. cit._, p. 291. [469] Navier, _Dissertation en forme de lettre sur plusieurs maladies populaires_, etc., p. 207 et suiv. Paris, MDCCLIII. [470] Navier, _Ouv. cit._, p. 223. [471] Navier, _Ouv. cit._, p. 209. [472] La relation de Navier a pour titre: _Sur la fièvre rouge ou pourprée_, FEBRIS SCARLATINA. [473] Sauvages, _Nosol. méth._ Trad., t. III, p. 306. [474] Malouin, _Hist. de l’Acad. des sciences pour l’année 1747_. Paris, 1752. [475] J. Frank, _Pathol. int._, t. II, p. 98. (_Encycl. des sc. méd._) CHAPITRE VI DE LA GRANDE ÉPIDÉMIE GANGRÉNEUSE DU MOYEN AGE (MAL DES ARDENTS, FEU SAINT-ANTOINE). Quatre cents ans environ s’étaient écoulés depuis l’avénement de la peste et de la variole, toujours liguées contre le genre humain, lorsque apparut, vers le milieu du Xe siècle, une horrible maladie dont les chroniques du temps nous ont conservé la hideuse image sous les noms expressifs de _feu sacré_, _mal des ardents_, _feu Saint-Antoine_, _feu Saint-Marcel_, _feu d’enfer_, _etc._ Cette maladie, qui venait renouer la chaîne brisée des grands fléaux insolites, parcourut et dépeupla l’Europe pendant une interminable période, qui comprend les Xe, XIe et XIIe siècles, au milieu d’un concours inouï de calamités de tous genres. Ses ravages furent tels, que dans plusieurs contrées, les princes et les seigneurs, frappés d’épouvante, firent entre eux une sorte de pacte, «afin de détourner la colère du Ciel, en observant la paix et la justice»[476]. Les récits qu’on nous a laissés sur cette maladie sont si incomplets et si peu conformes, que la Société royale de médecine, dont la création eut pour motif principal «l’étude des épidémies et des épizooties», crut devoir provoquer des recherches dans le but de rapprocher les documents puisés à leur source, et de réunir toutes les données capables de répandre quelque lumière sur un sujet aussi important. En 1776, elle confia cette mission difficile à quatre de ses membres les plus distingués, Jussieu, Paulet, Saillant et l’abbé Tessier. De cette savante collaboration, sortit un travail remarquable qui débrouilla en partie ce chaos pathologique, sans donner toutefois le mot d’une énigme qui n’a pas encore été devinée. La plupart des rares écrits qui ont traité, dans la suite, le même sujet, ne sont qu’un emprunt mal déguisé, à l’œuvre des mandataires de la Société royale[477]. On sait que les mots _feu sacré_ (_ignis sacer_) étaient employés par les médecins de l’antiquité, pour désigner métaphoriquement des maladies très-diverses, qui n’avaient d’autre trait commun qu’une sensation d’_ardeur brûlante_ accusée par les sujets. Cette confusion du langage cause de grands embarras, lorsqu’on veut déterminer la nature comparée des maladies anciennes qui portent cette dénomination. Pour éclairer cette question nosologique, si mal posée et par conséquent si diversement résolue, il faut fouiller dans les vieux recueils, compulser et confronter les textes, et si l’on n’obtient pas tous les renseignements que l’on désire, on se met au moins en garde contre des affirmations trop absolues. Les mots: _feu sacré_, qui reparaissent dans les récits des chroniqueurs du moyen âge, conjointement avec d’autres synonymes analogues, ont été pris dans le vocabulaire ancien, et ne préjugent rien sur les rapports nosologiques qui seraient censés rallier les unes aux autres, les diverses espèces de _feu_ observées à des époques si distantes. Elles ne se rapprochent, en effet, que par la sensation de brûlure qui en est le phénomène subjectif le plus saillant. Ce symptôme ne peut avoir de valeur que par sa coexistence avec un ensemble d’indices congénères qui caractérisent la nature du mode morbide intime qu’il traduit. Qu’on me permette de citer un exemple à l’appui de cette remarque. Virgile a consacré un des plus beaux chants de ses _Géorgiques_ à la description d’une épizootie, dans laquelle figurait une forme spéciale de maladie qu’il appelle _ignis sacer_. M. le professeur Bouisson a pensé, non sans de bonnes raisons, qu’il s’agissait de la _maladie charbonneuse_[478]. Après avoir dit que la toison des troupeaux était imprégnée d’un principe vénéneux dont rien ne pouvait la débarrasser, le poëte ajoute le détail suivant: «Verum etiam invisos si quis tentarat amictus, »Ardentes papulæ atque immundus olentia sudor »Membra sequebatur, nec longo deinde moranti »Tempore contactos artus sacer ignis edebat[479].» Ces élevures ardentes, ce feu qui dévore les membres des imprudents qui se sont revêtus de ces dépouilles infectées, rappellent à la fois, et les désordres provoqués dans les tissus, par la _pustule maligne_, et la contagion qui en est, chez l’homme, l’origine exclusive. L’ensemble des caractères, assignés par Virgile à la maladie épizootique, confirmé par l’énumération des influences qui ont participé, d’après lui, à sa formation, représente l’_affection charbonneuse des herbivores_, et précise, dans ce cas particulier, la nature de cette espèce d’_ignis sacer_. L’érysipèle gangréneux, que quelques médecins ont cru reconnaître, n’a ni les reliefs cutanés de la pustule maligne, ni sa transmissibilité[480]. Mais il ne faut jamais oublier, en lisant les anciens, que les mots _feu sacré_ ont plusieurs sens, et qu’ils s’appliquent indifféremment à l’_érysipèle_, à l’_herpès zoster_ et à quelques autres localisations dermatosiques qui s’accompagnent d’une chaleur plus ou moins vive. Le plus vieux document que nous possédions, sur la maladie gangréneuse du moyen âge, est inscrit dans la chronique de Frodoard pour l’année 945. C’est là que l’antiquaire Sauval a pris tout ce qu’il en a dit lui-même. Voici la traduction littérale du texte de Frodoard: «L’an 945, dans la ville de Paris et dans de nombreux villages des environs, la _plaie du feu_ (_ignis plaga_) attaquait les membres et les consumait entièrement petit à petit, jusqu’à ce que la mort finît ce supplice. Quelques-uns survécurent, grâce à l’intercession des saints. Mais un grand nombre furent guéris dans l’église de Notre-Dame de Paris. Tous ceux qui purent s’y rendre furent sauvés. Le duc Hugues les nourrit à ses frais. Quelques-uns se croyant délivrés, tentèrent de revenir chez eux; mais ce feu se ralluma et ne s’éteignit de nouveau que par leur retour à l’église[481].» Sauval, qui donne un extrait de ce récit, ajoute que les habitants de Paris espérant se préserver ou guérir, quittaient la ville pour prendre l’air des champs; et les campagnards, au contraire, se réfugiaient dans Paris. D’après lui, rien ne pouvait résister à ce mal, et l’église de Notre-Dame, qui servait d’hôpital, contenait parfois plus de six cents malades[482]. On trouve encore dans le même écrit, le texte d’une ancienne charte de l’église de Notre-Dame de Paris qui prescrivait d’allumer six lampes toutes les nuits, devant l’autel de la Vierge, au lieu même où s’étaient rendus les malades atteints du feu sacré[483]. Rodolphe Glaber, dont la chronique va de 900 à 1046, nous apprend «qu’en 993 régnait parmi les hommes, une maladie meurtrière. C’était une sorte de _feu caché_ (_ignis occultus_) qui attaquait les membres et les détachait du tronc après les avoir consumés. Chez un grand nombre, _l’effet dévorant de ce feu s’opéra dans l’espace d’une nuit_[484].» Voici comment Mézeray rend compte du même fait: «En cette année (994) et les précédentes, un feu inconnu, que l’on nommoit _mal des ardents_, et qui avoit fait de grands ravages, se ralluma et tourmenta cruellement la France. Il prenoit tout d’un coup et brusloit les entrailles ou quelque partie du corps, et bien heureux qui en estoit quitte pour un bras ou pour une jambe! Le fléau fut cause qu’on fit de grandes libéralités aux églises des Saints, de qui l’on croyoit avoir ressenty du secours dans ces horribles douleurs. On dit que ce mal, en l’année 994, emporta, dans l’Aquitaine, l’Angoumois, le Périgord et le Limousin, plus de quarante mille personnes, en peu de jours[485].» Adémar, moine chroniqueur, témoin de l’épidémie racontée par Mézeray, en parle comme il suit: «Dans ce temps-là, un _feu de pestilence_ (_pestilentiæ ignis_) embrasa les populations du Limousin. Un nombre infini de personnes des deux sexes étaient consumées par un feu invisible. Tous les évêques de l’Aquitaine, assemblés à Limoges, montrèrent au peuple, le corps de saint Martial, et bientôt la maladie cessa[486].» Je découvre dans la chronique déjà citée de Glaber, l’indication d’une invasion postérieure de la même maladie. «En 1039, la vengeance divine s’appesantit de nouveau sur les humains. Une ardeur mortelle (_mortifer ardor_) fit périr beaucoup de monde, tant dans les classes élevées que dans les classes moyennes et infimes de la population. Chez plusieurs, certains membres se détachèrent, et ils restèrent ainsi mutilés pour servir d’exemple à ceux qui viendraient après eux.» Glaber ajoute que «_la disette se fit sentir sur presque toute la terre par le manque de vin et de blé_[487].» Le bénédictin Sigebert décrit aussi une attaque de feu sacré, observée dans la basse Lorraine, en 1089. «Beaucoup de gens furent frappés du feu sacré qui consumait les viscères. Les membres noirs comme du charbon se détachaient du corps et les sujets mouraient misérablement, ou bien ils traînaient une vie plus malheureuse encore, privés des pieds et des mains.» Mézeray trace un tableau saisissant de la même invasion. «L’an 1090, le feu sacré qu’ils nommoient le _feu Saint-Antoine_, se rallumant plus furieusement que jamais, causa d’horribles désolations dans la haute et basse Lorraine. On y voyoit partout dans les chemins, dans les fossez et aux portes des églises, des personnes ou mourantes, ou à qui la douleur insupportable du mal faisoit jeter de hauts cris. D’autres à qui cette _peste ardente_ avoit dévoré les pieds et les bras ou une partie du visage[488].» Je ferai bientôt ressortir l’importance de ce passage de Mézeray, où l’on voit paraître pour la première fois le nom de _feu Saint-Antoine_ à côté des mots: _peste ardente_. Nous devons quelques détails plus circonstanciés à l’auteur de la vie de Hugues, évêque de Lincoln[489]. Il raconte qu’il vit de son temps au mont Saint-Antoine, en Dauphiné, «plusieurs individus de l’un et de l’autre sexe, jeunes ou vieux, guéris du feu sacré par l’intercession des saints. Leurs chairs avaient été en partie brûlées, leurs os consumés et certains membres détachés; et malgré ces mutilations, ils paraissaient jouir de la meilleure santé. De toutes les parties du monde[490], ceux qui étaient frappés de ce mal, qui n’a pas son pareil, accouraient en cet endroit où reposaient les restes du bienheureux légendaire, enveloppés dans la tunique de saint Paul premier ermite, et presque tous étaient guéris dans l’espace de sept jours; si, au bout de ce temps, ils ne l’étaient pas, ils mouraient... Ce qu’il y a de plus extraordinaire dans ce miracle même, c’est qu’après l’extinction de ce feu, la peau, la chair et les membres qu’il avait dévorés, ne se restauraient jamais. Mais, chose étonnante! les parties qui avaient été épargnées, restaient parfaitement saines, protégées par des cicatrices si solides, qu’on voyait des gens de tout âge et des deux sexes, privés de l’avant-bras jusqu’au coude, d’autres, de tout le bras jusqu’à l’épaule, enfin d’autres encore qui avaient perdu leur jambe jusqu’au genou, ou la cuisse jusqu’à l’aine ou aux lombes, montrant la gaîté de ceux qui se portent le mieux. De façon qu’on eût dit que par les mérites de saint Antoine, les sujets qui avaient subi ces mutilations, étaient dédommagés de la perte de leurs organes par la fermeté et la résistance des tissus nouveaux qui défendaient contre le froid ou toute autre injure extérieure, les viscères délicats qui avaient été dépouillés de leurs enveloppes osseuses ou cutanées[491].» En parcourant la chronique de Félibien, j’y découvre le passage suivant que je signale spécialement au lecteur: «En la même année (1129) Paris, comme tout le reste de la France, fut affligé de la maladie qu’on nommoit _des ardents_. Ce mal, quoique déjà connu par la mortalité qu’il avoit causée dans les années 945 et 1041, étoit devenu d’autant plus terrible qu’il paraissoit sans remède. La masse du sang toute corrompue par une chaleur interne qui dévoroit les corps entiers, poussoit, au dehors, des tumeurs qui dégénéroient en ulcères incurables et faisoient périr des milliers d’hommes. Un auteur qui escrivoit au commencement du règne de Henri III, nous représente cette affreuse maladie, comme un fruit de déréglements honteux qui furent cause que _Dieu pour chastier les coupables, espandit son ire sur eux, les affligeant d’une ardeur extravagante et feu nuisible (qu’on appelle feu sacré) qui leur rongeoit misérablement les membres avec lesquels ils avoient failli..._ Estienne, évesque de Paris, voyant que tout l’art des médecins estoit épuisé, jugea qu’il falloit avoir recours à d’autres remèdes plus efficaces. Il ordonna des prières publiques, précédées de jeûnes, pour apaiser la colère de Dieu. Comme la maladie continuoit, il crut devoir réclamer l’assistance de sainte Geneviève, par une procession solennelle à son église, où il alla accompagné de son clergé et suivi de tout le peuple. On leva la châsse de la sainte, et elle fut apportée à Notre-Dame. Les malades en foule s’empressoient de la toucher, et l’on assure qu’au moment même, tous furent guéris, à l’exception de trois dont l’incrédulité ne servit qu’à rehausser davantage la gloire de sainte Geneviève. Depuis ce jour, la maladie contagieuse cessa (1130), non-seulement à Paris, mais encore par tout le royaume. Le pape Innocent II qui vint en France, l’année suivante, pour éviter la persécution de l’anti-pape, Pierre de Léon ou Anaclet, ayant esté informé du fait et de toutes ces circonstances, en consacra la mémoire par une feste qui se fait tous les ans, à Paris, le 26 novembre, en actions de grâces, sous le nom du _miracle des ardents_. L’on bastit ensuite proche de Notre-Dame, une église du titre de _Sainte-Geneviève-la-Petite_ ou _des Ardents_, en mémoire de cet événement merveilleux[492].» Sauval parlant de l’érection de la même église, à propos de la maladie qui en avait été l’occasion, note aussi que l’art des médecins était tout à fait impuissant, et qu’il mourut plus de quatorze mille personnes[493]. Il semble, d’après un passage du même chroniqueur, que le feu Saint-Antoine continuait à se faire sentir au XIVe siècle. A cette époque, les exigences des fortifications de Paris nécessitèrent la démolition du monastère de Saint-Antoine-des-Champs. «Si, dit Sauval, certaine inscription qui se lit au-dessus de la principale porte de Saint-Antoine-des-Champs est vraie, ce saint anachorète ne put souffrir qu’on ruinât impunément un lieu qui lui avait été consacré. Si bien que les maçons, se mettant après pour jeter tout par terre, furent attaqués en même temps du feu Saint-Antoine et brûlés[494].» L’indécision du récit de Sauval empêche de démêler la vérité sous la légende. Le feu Saint-Antoine régnait-il encore en ce moment? Ou bien veut-on faire entendre que l’acte sacrilége des démolisseurs avait été miraculeusement châtié par une attaque isolée de cette maladie? La dédicace de l’église à saint Antoine, spécialement en cause dans tout ce qui avait trait à cette épidémie, viendrait à l’appui de cette dernière conjecture. Il ne s’agirait alors que d’une de ces anecdotes dans le goût de l’époque, toujours tournée vers le même ordre d’idées. Il n’est pas douteux cependant qu’il n’y eût encore des traces du feu Saint-Antoine au XIVe siècle. On les retrouve dans les écrits de Guy de Chauliac; mais il est difficile d’établir l’identité de la maladie quand on sait qu’on désignait ainsi la gangrène, sans distinction d’origine et de nature. Voici comment en parle Ambroise Paré au XVIe siècle: «Gangrène est une disposition qui tend à mortification de la partie blessée qui n’est encores morte ne privée de tout sentiment; mais elle se meurt peu à peu, en sorte que si bientost on n’y donne ordre, elle se mortifiera du tout, voire jusques aux os, qui alors est appelée des Grecs, _sphacèle_ ou _nécrosis_, des Latins, _syderatio_ et _esthiomena_, selon les modernes, et des vulgaires le _feu Saint-Anthoine_ ou _Saint-Marcel_[495].» Cette dernière dénomination perpétuée par la tradition populaire, s’adaptait donc à toutes les espèces de gangrènes. C’est pour ce motif, que quand on vit reparaître, au XVIIIe siècle, une affection qui ressemblait à la maladie du moyen âge, les gens de la campagne réveillèrent le souvenir du feu Saint-Antoine. Je n’ai pas la prétention de reconstruire, avec les documents que j’ai recueillis, l’image complète et nosologiquement irréprochable de la maladie qu’ils dépeignent. Nous connaissons ses symptômes gangréneux et leurs effets consécutifs. Les divers noms qu’elle porte s’accordent à exprimer le sentiment d’ardeur qui l’accompagne. Mais les chroniqueurs ne sont pas médecins et écrivent sous l’obsession des préjugés superstitieux de leur temps. Pour suppléer à leur laconisme, nous sommes réduits à essayer par voie d’induction et d’analogie, des présomptions dont nous ne pouvons garantir que la vraisemblance. Nous savons bien que l’art ne resta pas inactif, et qu’il dut varier ses procédés et ses méthodes, puisqu’on nous apprend que tous les traitements échouèrent. Il ne faut pas perdre de vue qu’à cette époque d’ignorance et de ferveur religieuse, les épidémies étaient regardées comme les instruments de la vengeance de Dieu. Ce n’est donc pas à la science humaine, mais à une source plus haute, qu’on devait recourir pour adoucir les rigueurs de ces expiations et abréger leur durée. C’est la médiation puissante de saint Antoine qu’on invoqua surtout dans le XIe siècle; et quelques jours suffisaient, assure-t-on, pour la guérison des malades dont les prières avaient été exaucées. Le fléau qui avait envahi la France redoublait ses coups dans le Dauphiné. Cette circonstance décida le pape Urbain II à y placer le chef-lieu de l’ordre de Saint-Antoine qu’il venait de fonder (1093)[496]. Conformément aux prescriptions du fondateur, les maisons de cet ordre devaient être exclusivement ouvertes aux malheureux frappés par la maladie régnante. On en érigea un certain nombre sur divers points de la France. La _Satyre Ménippée_ nous apprend qu’on peignait des flammes sur les portes et les murs extérieurs de ces asiles, pour indiquer, par cette enseigne parlante, leur charitable destination, et les signaler expressément au respect du peuple[497]. Malheur au passant irrévérencieux qui aurait pollué les abords de ces lieux consacrés! Il y allait du bûcher, s’il faut en croire l’historiette imaginée par Rabelais[498]. Le bruit de tant de miracles, répandu en Europe, attirait à Vienne, en Dauphiné, une énorme affluence de malades dont la plupart y laissaient quelques parties de leur corps. En 1702, on voyait encore, dit-on, dans l’abbaye de Saint-Antoine, des membres desséchés et noirs qui y étaient conservés depuis lors[499]. Faut-il admettre que les historiens du temps, dominés par une idée qui jouissait d’un grand crédit parmi les hommes, ont cru, sans examen, à tous les prodiges qu’ils racontent? L’unanimité des témoignages, quelle que soit la part de l’hyperbole, ne me permet pas de douter qu’il n’y ait eu des guérisons inattendues, dans des circonstances exceptionnelles; mais je n’irai pas en chercher la source dans l’ordre surnaturel. Il suffit d’une influence physiologique dont tout médecin qui raisonne son scepticisme, ne peut contester le pouvoir. C’est une vérité vulgaire qu’on accroît la résistance des populations aux assauts des épidémies, en retrempant les courages et relevant la force morale. Connaît-on un moyen plus puissant de remplir l’indication, que cet appel suppliant à la Providence qui seule dispose du salut? Quand l’homme n’a plus rien à attendre de la terre, il lève, dans sa détresse, ses mains vers le ciel, et l’espoir qui se ranime en lui, est souvent le meilleur préservatif des maux qui le menacent, ou le soulagement le plus efficace aux souffrances qu’il endure. Les récits que j’ai rapportés, et qu’il m’aurait été facile de multiplier, sans intérêt pour mon lecteur et sans profit pour mon sujet, me permettent d’examiner quelques questions qui forment la partie essentielle de cette étude. L’affection gangréneuse du moyen âge est-elle la même sous les noms divers qu’elle porte dans les chroniques? Le mal des ardents diffère-t-il, comme on l’a prétendu, du feu Saint-Antoine? A quelle cause peut-on l’attribuer? Les anciens l’ont-ils connu, ou bien faut-il croire que le Xe siècle a été témoin de sa première apparition? Les commissaires de la Société royale, après de laborieuses recherches, n’hésitent pas à déduire du rapprochement des faits, la distinction radicale du _mal des ardents_ et du _feu Saint-Antoine_. Comme j’ai cru devoir adopter la conclusion inverse, et que j’applique ces deux dénominations à la même espèce morbide, je dois suivre un moment mes érudits confrères dans l’exposé de leurs preuves. Voici en substance ce qu’ils ont dit: On a vu qu’en 945, avait éclaté une maladie appelée _feu sacré_, qui brûlait peu à peu les parties du corps qu’elle attaquait, et que les malades étaient soignés dans l’église de Notre-Dame, transformée en hôpital. Si l’on compare cette maladie avec celle qui portait le même nom ou celui de feu Saint-Antoine, et qui se montra, d’après les indications historiques, en 1039, 1041, 1089, 1095 et 1109, on ne tarde pas à s’assurer qu’à toutes ces époques, il s’agit toujours de la même maladie, c’est-à-dire d’une affection très-douloureuse, se terminant par la mort du sujet ou la perte d’un de ses membres, détaché spontanément à la suite de la gangrène. Cette maladie était chronique, puisqu’elle laissait aux malades le temps de se rendre aux lieux où ils espéraient recevoir du secours[500]. Le nombre de ces malades était assez restreint, et malgré la gravité du pronostic, le chiffre de la mortalité n’était pas très-élevé. D’autre part, les maladies qui furent observées en France, en 994, 996, 1130, 1140, 1234, 1373, etc., ont entre elles une conformité frappante, c’est-à-dire que la mortalité considérable et subite qui en fut la suite, dénonce une maladie aiguë, très-différente déjà de la précédente, par ce caractère important. Si l’on y joint l’absence de gangrène, prouvée par le silence des historiens, la dénomination nouvelle de _mal des ardents_ qui lui est donnée, enfin son siége fréquent _en l’aine_, selon la remarque de Mézeray, on aura bien des raisons pour séparer cette maladie du feu Saint-Antoine dont elle s’éloigne par des traits personnels irrécusables. Le feu Saint-Antoine serait donc, dans l’opinion des commissaires de la Société royale, une maladie à marche lente, qui frappe de gangrène les membres qu’elle attaque. Le _mal des ardents_, affection très-aiguë, qui n’aurait jamais cette terminaison, ne serait autre que la _peste_ proprement dite, _lues inguinaria_ de Grégoire de Tours et autres chroniqueurs, celle qu’Ambroise Paré nomme indifféremment, _bubon_ ou _bosse_[501]. J’ai prévenu que je n’acceptais pas cette conclusion. Les auteurs l’ont déduite très-logiquement des observations qu’ils ont groupées d’après leur succession historique; mais je dois avouer que je retrouve dans l’agencement de leurs pièces justificatives la trace involontaire d’une opinion préconçue. Mon dissentiment se fonde principalement sur l’ordre chronologique des dénominations, successivement imposées à la maladie épidémique, dans sa longue évolution. Quand le fléau envahit Paris et ses environs, au milieu du Xe siècle, ce qui frappa le plus ses témoins, ce fut la chaleur brûlante qui dévorait les malades et leur arrachait des cris. On prit, pour l’exprimer, le premier mot qu’on avait sous la main, celui de _feu sacré_, employé de tout temps pour caractériser les affections morbides dont la douleur, la rougeur et la chaleur forment les symptômes dominants. Frodoard, dans le premier document que nous possédons, l’appelle _ignis plaga_, _plaie du feu_, et nous trouvons disséminés, dans d’autres chroniques, les noms de _ignis occultus_, _ignis invisibilis_, _ignis pestilentiæ_, _mortifer ardor_, etc.[502]. Bientôt le peuple, qui aime les néologismes, remplaça le premier nom par celui de _mal des ardents_, dont l’étrangeté même indiquait la forme originale de la maladie nouvelle. On n’a pas oublié que Mézeray, mentionnant l’atteinte de 994, dit que c’était un feu inconnu que l’on nommait _mal des ardents_[503]. Faudrait-il dater de cette époque l’introduction de ce mot dans la langue usuelle? Nous trouvons aussi dans le même endroit une allusion à l’intercession bienfaisante des saints. On y voit poindre, si je puis ainsi dire, la désignation de _feu Saint-Antoine_ ou _Saint-Marcel_, qui sera plus tard adoptée par la reconnaissance publique. Mézeray n’établit donc aucune différence entre les deux maladies. Et quoiqu’on ne puisse s’autoriser de sa compétence médicale, il n’en est pas moins l’écho de la tradition populaire dont on ne saurait nier la valeur en pareil cas. Ce n’est qu’en 1090 qu’on surprend, pour la première fois, le nom de _feu Saint-Antoine_ dans un passage du même historien, qui a été rapporté plus haut[504]. On y remarque que Mézeray emploie, deux lignes après, les mots _peste ardente_, qui ne peuvent être que l’équivalent de _mal des ardents_. Cette dénomination a beaucoup préoccupé les commissaires de la Société royale, qui ont cru y découvrir la _peste inguinale_, et ont ainsi prêté à l’historien un rapprochement qui, selon moi, était bien loin de sa pensée. N’est-il pas de toute évidence que l’auteur a tenu simplement à éviter la répétition d’un mot, et qu’en parlant de _peste_, il n’a voulu indiquer, selon l’usage du temps, qu’une maladie épidémique, dont l’épithète, _ardente_, précisait le véritable caractère. La peste inguinale n’a jamais été qualifiée de cette manière, ni avant ni après le règne de la maladie du moyen âge. Les commissaires de la Société royale, conséquents avec leur manière de voir, ont encore traduit par _feu de la peste_, les mots _pestilentiæ ignis_ que nous avons lus dans la chronique d’Adémar. Je leur ferai la même réplique. Il est clair que l’auteur a représenté par ce _feu de pestilence_, un _feu épidémique_ qui n’a aucun rapport de nature avec la peste inguinale. Le feu sacré s’appelait donc depuis longtemps, mal des ardents, et cette synonymie était la plus répandue dans le langage du peuple, lorsque l’impuissance éprouvée de tout secours humain inspira l’idée de s’abandonner à la miséricorde divine. Selon les mœurs du temps, la maladie fut placée sous l’invocation des saints. Bientôt la gratitude autant que la vénération, remplacèrent insensiblement les anciens noms, par ceux de feu _Saint-Antoine_ ou _feu Saint-Marcel_. Quelques chroniques se servent aussi des mots _feu d’enfer_ (_ignis inferni_), qui dérivent du même ordre d’idées. Ces mots ne font pas seulement allusion à des tortures qui semblaient l’avant-goût de celles des réprouvés; ils sous-entendent aussi que la dévorante maladie était l’œuvre du démon. C’était donc aux saints, qu’appartenait naturellement le pouvoir de l’exorciser, en intercédant pour ses victimes[505]. Le mal des ardents et le feu Saint-Antoine ne sont, je le répète, qu’une seule et même maladie diversement dénommée, à des phases différentes de son règne épidémique. Les commissaires de la Société royale ont opposé la chronicité de l’une à la marche aiguë de l’autre. Je reconnais la valeur de ce caractère, mais je lui refuse, dans la réalité des faits, la constance qu’on lui assigne des deux parts. Ainsi en 993, c’est-à-dire à l’époque où la maladie gangréneuse, observée, pour la première fois, quarante-huit ans auparavant, avait pris un grand développement, Rodolphe Glaber affirmait expressément, comme nous l’avons vu, que le fléau, qui détachait quelque membre, après l’avoir brûlé, produisait souvent tous ses effets _dans l’espace d’une nuit_[506]. Peut-on méconnaître ici le _feu sacré_ ou _mal des ardents_ qui sera plus tard le _feu Saint-Antoine_? Le sphacèle des membres et leur séparation ont-ils jamais compté parmi les effets habituels de la peste? Je ne nie pas que la gangrène pathognomonique du feu Saint-Antoine n’ait affecté souvent une lenteur remarquable dans sa marche; mais ce fait n’exclut pas les cas tout aussi nombreux dans lesquels elle a eu la rapidité des maladies les plus aiguës. En comparant attentivement les descriptions des contemporains, on voit que les malades succombaient promptement dans d’affreuses douleurs ou bien qu’ils dépérissaient lentement; et certes dans les deux cas, c’était la même maladie. L’observation n’a-t-elle pas vérifié les mêmes contrastes dans l’histoire des gangrènes sporadiques qu’on appelle, faute de mieux, _spontanées_, et qui peuvent se former en quelques heures ou se prolonger des semaines ou des mois entiers. Schenck parle d’une gangrène qui commença par un orteil, et s’étendit _en trois jours_ jusqu’au ventre. On peut mettre en regard le fait suivant rapporté par Camerarius. Il s’agit aussi d’une gangrène qui s’empara du gros orteil, qu’elle dessécha; de là elle s’étendit au-dessus des malléoles. Après l’amputation des chairs, des tendons et des os du pied, la mortification gagna la jambe et monta enfin jusqu’au genou. Ce travail morbide dura _un an_. Quelque temps après, l’autre jambe se gangréna aussi et le malade succomba. Des observations semblables fourmillent dans les recueils de la science[507]. Rien de mieux avéré en pratique, que ces modifications dans la marche et la durée des maladies. L’acuité ou la chronicité ne représente pas un élément absolu de diagnostic. La tuberculose pulmonaire essentiellement chronique ne déroge-t-elle pas trop souvent à ses habitudes, sous la forme si bien nommée de phthisie _galopante_. L’acrodynie, que je cite parce qu’on voulut un moment la rapprocher de la maladie du moyen âge, avait aussi une durée très-variable. Ordinairement elle ne dépassait pas deux ou trois semaines; mais on la vit souvent se prolonger pendant plusieurs mois consécutifs. Les collaborateurs dont j’apprécie l’opinion, insistent en disant que le _mal des ardents_ était trop rapide dans son évolution, pour laisser aux malades le temps de se réunir sur le parvis des églises, ou de se faire transporter dans les hospices réservés aux sujets frappés du _feu Saint-Antoine_. Mais on lit dans le Martyrologe qu’en 1130, la maladie _appelée feu sacré par les médecins_, sévissait cruellement; que plusieurs malades se rendirent à Notre-Dame où avait été apportée la châsse de sainte Geneviève; et qu’il y en eut un grand nombre de guéris. Pour conserver la mémoire de cet événement miraculeux, on édifia une église sous l’invocation de _sainte Geneviève-des-ardents_[508]. Ce nom seul ne démontre-t-il pas qu’à cette époque, l’identité du feu sacré et du mal des ardents était un fait généralement admis, et que par conséquent, quoi qu’en disent les commissaires de la Société royale, la marche du mal des ardents était assez lente, pour permettre à ceux qu’il affectait, de se rendre dans les asiles où ils espéraient recevoir du soulagement. J’accorde volontiers que les déplorables conditions où se trouvait le monde à cette sombre époque, exerçaient sur la peste une sorte d’attraction, qui en multipliait les retours. Il n’est pas douteux qu’elle ne soit venue par intervalles, compliquer la maladie gangréneuse régnante et altérer sa symptomatologie. Au XIVe siècle, la coexistence de la peste et du mal des ardents, est constatée en France et dans plusieurs parties de l’Europe, par tous les historiens. En 1373, on construisit à Paris, le _petit Saint-Antoine_, un des hôpitaux de cet Ordre, destiné à secourir les malades atteints du feu sacré. Les commissaires de la Société royale, persuadés qu’on avait confondu arbitrairement cette maladie avec le mal des ardents, qui, pour eux n’est autre que la peste, prétendent qu’on a dû recueillir dans ce nouvel asile, deux sortes de malades et principalement des pestiférés. Cette conjecture n’a rien d’invraisemblable; mais on en peut induire tout au plus, que l’urgence imposa une infraction aux règlements ordinaires et changea momentanément la destination de cet établissement hospitalier. La peste inguinale était malheureusement trop connue à cette époque, pour être identifiée au mal des ardents, dont le signalement est si différent, même pour les yeux les moins exercés. Les auteurs que je réfute n’ont pas été mieux inspirés, lorsqu’ils ont donné au _siége_ des localisations gangréneuses une valeur décisive dans la caractéristique comparée des deux maladies. Je ne puis consentir à lui accorder, pour ma part, qu’un rang bien secondaire dans la hiérarchie symptomatique. Mézeray constate que dans l’invasion de la basse Lorraine en 1090, «la _peste ardente_ dévoroit les _pieds_, les _bras_ et _une partie du visage_.» Le Martyrologe nous apprend qu’en 1140, sous Louis VII, la maladie que les médecins appelaient le feu sacré «attaquait les personnes aux _parties honteuses_.» Enfin, toujours d’après Mézeray, en 1274 et 1373, le même mal (feu sacré) «_prenoit le plus souvent en l’aine_.» En appliquant résolûment ce dernier trait à la vraie peste, on a oublié que dans le fait dont il s’agit, le sphacèle des membres, qui appartient en propre à la maladie du moyen âge, comptait aussi parmi les symptômes. Le professeur Victor Broussonnet a vu des bubons inguinaux, se montrer sous l’influence d’une constitution gangréneuse à laquelle la peste était parfaitement étrangère. La maladie qui régnait à Montpellier, vers la fin de l’hiver de 1790, était une _fièvre rémittente putride_ qui prenait facilement le caractère malin. Certains sujets affaiblis furent atteints de _bubons gangréneux parotidiens, axillaires et principalement inguinaux_. Trois malades eurent la _peau du scrotum mortifiée_. La gangrène attaquait de préférence le bas du corps, comme les cuisses et les jambes, quand on y avait appliqué des vésicatoires. Broussonnet vit deux fois la _peau de la verge et du scrotum entièrement détruite_[509]. Des faits que je viens de réunir, on ne peut, ce me semble tirer qu’une conclusion: c’est que l’affection gangréneuse du moyen âge pouvait indifféremment diriger les raptus fluxionnaires, sur le visage, sur les organes génitaux et sur la région inguinale. Quand elle portait spécialement sur les aines, elle s’appropriait accidentellement un symptôme de la peste bubonique, sans pour cela changer de nature. On sait bien qu’en principe, le génie épidémique laisse à l’affection qu’il gouverne, son cachet pathognomonique, sans l’astreindre à l’uniformité constante de ses déterminations locales. La peste d’Athènes ne mortifiait-elle pas les parties génitales, les extrémités, les globes oculaires? En exagérant outre mesure, l’importance du siége des localisations morbides, pour établir la nature intime des maladies, on serait amené à cette conséquence, moins forcée que cela ne paraît, qu’une affection qui gangrène les bras, diffère au fond de celle qui gangrène les cuisses. Je ne serais pas embarrassé pour citer des observations, dans lesquelles, en dernière analyse, la conclusion du diagnostic comparé a été réduite à ces termes. En résumé, si l’on suit attentivement, d’après les indications historiques, le cours accidenté de l’épidémie gangréneuse qui a surpris et désolé l’Europe, à partir du Xe siècle; si l’on fixe surtout la date approximative de ses baptêmes successifs, il reste évident pour moi que le mal des ardents et le feu Saint-Antoine représentent la même maladie, à deux périodes distinctes de son évolution totale. L’expression _feu Saint-Antoine_ indique le moment où la médecine s’avoue vaincue et cède la place aux miracles. Il est temps d’aborder la question étiologique, et ici je me trouverai bientôt en présence de certaines opinions très-arrêtées qui supportent mal la contradiction. Disons d’abord que les partisans de l’étiologie cosmique et morale des grandes épidémies ne trouveront jamais pour leur système une confirmation plus probante en apparence. A aucune époque peut-être, les peuples n’avaient enduré autant de souffrances du corps et de l’âme, au milieu d’un tel bouleversement des éléments conjurés. Ecoutons un historien familier avec la lecture des chroniques, et qui a tracé, d’une main tremblante d’émotion, le navrant tableau des Xe et XIe siècles: «La société est empreinte d’un profond sentiment de tristesse. Il y a comme un crêpe de douleur répandu sur la génération. Le monde est livré à tous les fléaux; les invasions des Barbares, les maladies pestilentielles, l’horrible famine déciment le peuple; des vents violents brisent les arbres séculaires; un ciel grisâtre se mêle aux brouillards des forêts profondes, comme une nuit qui enveloppe le genre humain... On craint la fin du monde... C’est un cri lamentable poussé par tout un siècle[510].» Le temps s’écoule sans amener aucun allégement à tant de misères, et l’historien assombrit encore ses récits: «Il y avait de poignantes afflictions dans la société; la famine rongeait les os du peuple; les guerres privées désolaient tout. Les sillons étaient remplis de sang; il n’y avait plus de bœufs dans les verts herbages; les brebis et les moutons étaient enlevés par les seigneurs qui descendaient de leurs manoirs, comme le loup dévorant et l’aigle qui de son aire, sur les Alpes, fond dans les plaines du Milanais. Nul ne pouvait jouir des produits de la terre; nul ne pouvait se promettre une bonne récolte. La famine brisa la première moitié du XIe siècle. La chronique nous décrit à quelles privations étaient exposés les malheureux habitants des cités et de la campagne: les populations étaient amaigries d’une manière effrayante... Il fallait voir alors des villages entiers disparaître dans d’affreuses épidémies. Au commencement du XIe siècle, il y eut un dérangement atmosphérique qui se prolongea pendant trente ans; des pluies immenses débordèrent dans les sillons; il y eut des vents étranges, des tempêtes, des coups de foudre en plein hiver. Ces changements brusques de température, ce froid et cette chaleur subite, les étangs et les marais non desséchés, ces forêts humides près des manoirs, les accidents de l’air, causèrent de fatals ravages dans les populations. La maladie des _ardents_ dura plus d’un demi-siècle[511]... La mort vous enlevait par masses de famille, depuis le pauvre petit enfant au berceau, jusqu’à l’homme robuste aux membres forts, à la poitrine velue. Et que diriez-vous de la lèpre hideuse?... Alors commence le temps des maladreries et des léproseries pour soigner les pauvres infirmes... Le genre humain semblait menacé d’une destruction prochaine. La terre, inondée de pluies continuelles pendant trois ans, ne put être ensemencée. Au temps de la récolte, les herbes parasites et l’ivraie couvraient toute la campagne... La faim fut portée au point que les hommes s’entre-dévoraient... Le sombre témoignage du contemporain Glaber, indique le fatal état de la société dévorée par tant de fléaux. On croyait que l’ordre des saisons et les lois des éléments, qui jusqu’alors avaient gouverné le monde, étaient retombés dans un éternel chaos, et l’on craignait la fin du genre humain[512].» J’ai cru devoir reproduire ce long extrait, parce qu’il dépeint avec autant de vérité que d’énergie, cette rencontre inouïe de malheurs de tous genres. Quand on voit de pareils antécédents annoncer l’avénement d’une grave maladie populaire, on ne peut s’empêcher d’établir entre les deux faits un rapport intime. Il n’est pas possible que la santé publique ait échappé à de violentes perturbations. Quel est, en définitive, le mode d’agir de ces influences nosogéniques? Et, pour rester dans mon sujet, comment la maladie gangréneuse que j’étudie, se rattache-t-elle à leur impression complexe[513]? Ces états putrides qui, selon le langage du chroniqueur, «corrompent la masse du sang,» sembleraient le produit naturel de ces crises alimentaires dont la description dépasse toute vraisemblance; et cependant la même influence pèse dans d’autres temps sur les populations, sans amener à sa suite les effets spéciaux qu’on en croirait inséparables. Rien ne surpasse par exemple, les horreurs de la famine qui désola Paris en 1590, au temps de la Ligue. J’en emprunte le récit à Sauval: «Cette famine n’a pas sa pareille, et fut si grande que les rats étoient les plus friands morceaux des riches; encore les achetoient-ils bien cher. Quantité ne vivoient que de ce qui est plus capable de faire mourir que de conserver la vie. A l’hôtel Palaiseau et celui de Saint-Denis, on surprit quelques lansquenets qui mangeoient des enfants. Enfin les Parisiens furent réduits à cette effroyable nécessité que de faire moudre les os de leurs pères, rangés sur les charniers de Saint-Innocent, pour en faire du pain[514].» Voilà certes une terrible famine dont les effets meurtriers auraient dû être bien secondés par les circonstances politiques qui passionnaient si vivement les esprits à l’époque de la Ligue; et cependant on n’a observé aucune maladie populaire qui eût quelque rapport avec le feu Saint-Antoine. On ne peut malheureusement s’éclairer auprès des écrivains du moyen âge, dont le thème est fait d’avance, et qui remplacent par le merveilleux, les explications rationnelles des phénomènes naturels. Il faut attendre le XVIIIe siècle pour voir reprendre ce problème dans des conditions scientifiques sérieuses. C’est alors que quelques expérimentateurs ont cru avoir levé le voile qui recouvrait depuis si longtemps cette étiologie. Le mal des ardents et ses dérivés n’ont plus été, à les entendre, qu’une forme de l’_ergotisme_. Cette hypothèse commode a été accueillie avec empressement comme une sorte de révélation contre laquelle on est mal venu à réclamer. «Il y a tout lieu de croire, dit Réad, que les différentes maladies qui ont affligé la France dans les Xe, XIe, XIIe, XIIIe et XVIe siècles, sous le nom de _feu sacré_, de _mal des ardents_, de _feu infernal_ et de _mal Saint-Antoine_ devaient leur origine à l’usage du seigle ergoté[515].» M. le Dr Roche a adopté textuellement et de confiance, l’opinion des commissaires de la Société royale sur la séparation du mal des ardents et du feu Saint-Antoine. L’affection ainsi nommée n’était, dit-il, probablement autre chose que l’_ergotisme gangréneux_. Il regrette cependant que «le manque absolu de détails, dans les récits de ces fléaux, ne permette pas de rien affirmer à cet égard[516].» Dans une lecture faite à l’Académie royale de médecine de Belgique, le 24 novembre 1849, M. le Dr de Mersseman cherchait à établir que la maladie du feu sacré, dont il est fait si souvent mention dans les chroniques du moyen âge, était la _lèpre_. Les raisons et les rapprochements qu’il invoquait à l’appui de cette thèse assez imprévue, ne parurent pas à M. le Dr Fallot pouvoir soutenir le contrôle d’une critique sévère, fondée sur l’interprétation éclairée des faits. Ce médecin aime mieux croire avec Ozanam que cette maladie n’est qu’un fait d’ergotisme[517], et il s’appuie principalement sur un savant travail du Dr C.-H. Fuchs de Berlin[518]. Il prétend, comme lui, que les chroniques antérieures au Xe siècle, désignent cette affection sous le nom générique de _peste_; mais qu’à partir de cette époque, on la trouve décrite sous ceux d’_ignis sacer_, _arsura_, _mal des ardents_, _clades_ ou _pestis inguinaria_. Après le XIIe siècle, on la nomme: _ignis sancti Antonii_, _sancti Martialis_, _Beatæ Virginis_, _ignis invisibilis vel infernalis_. A dater du XIVe siècle, les auteurs changent la destination de ce nom, _feu sacré_, et ne le donnent plus qu’à la gangrène, au sphacèle, aux mortifications en général, ou bien aux dermatoses les plus variées (_dartres_, _zona_, _charbon_, etc.). Je laisse à M. Fallot, ou pour mieux dire au docteur Fuchs dont il suit les indications, la responsabilité d’une synonymie historique à laquelle j’aurais à faire bien des reproches. Je me borne à exposer brièvement les raisons principales qui démontreraient, au dire de l’auteur allemand, la vérité de l’étiologie céréale ou ergotique. 1º Explosion de la maladie aux années dont l’hiver a été rigoureux, l’été humide et pluvieux, après de mauvaises récoltes, et pendant la disette, ou même en pleine famine. 2º Circonscription restreinte de la maladie en France, dans la Lorraine, les Flandres, l’Aquitaine, le Dauphiné, l’Ile de France; immunité de l’Italie dotée d’une culture mieux entendue. 3º Durée également limitée de l’épidémie, dépassant rarement une année, et dans ce cas, consécutivement à deux années antérieures de disette. Cessation au retour du printemps. 4º Enfin, identité des symptômes dans des lieux et des temps différents[519]. L’ensemble de ces motifs forme sans doute une argumentation spécieuse. Mais outre qu’ils ne prouvent pas l’intervention originelle de l’ergot, et qu’ils donnent matière à discussion, on s’aperçoit bien vite, quand on veut les vérifier, qu’ils ont été arbitrairement allégués, dans l’intérêt d’un système. Ainsi, par exemple, le rayon de la sphère d’activité du fléau n’est pas aussi limité qu’on veut bien le dire, puisque, après avoir ravagé d’immenses provinces françaises, il s’est aussi étendu à une partie de l’Europe, et que l’Italie même n’en a pas été défendue, comme on le prétend, par la supériorité de son mode de culture. Petrus Parisus, auteur du XVe siècle, a vu régner à Trépano et à Palerme, en Sicile, une épidémie qui a les plus grands rapports avec celle de la France et des pays du nord. Cet écrivain nous représente le plus grand nombre de malades, comme ayant sous l’articulation des deux genoux, de grandes taches livides et obscures qui s’étendaient jusqu’au mollet. Un spasme permanent tenait la jambe rétractée. Les parties affectées étaient si dures et si sèches, qu’elles paraissaient avoir été exposées au feu ou aux ardeurs du soleil. Elles étaient engourdies, privées de sentiment, et dans cet état de mortification qui caractérise la gangrène confirmée[520]. M. Fallot a aussi réduit gratuitement la durée totale de la maladie du moyen âge. Il est bien avéré qu’elle s’est prolongée plusieurs siècles avec les alternatives accoutumées des maladies populaires du même ordre. On sait que ces maladies, après leur première explosion, affectent pendant un certain temps, la forme sporadique, pour reprendre par intermittence et sans cause appréciable leur vigueur et leur expansion premières. On dirait qu’elles veulent s’acclimater dans les lieux qu’elles ont envahis et s’y perpétuer à l’état d’endémie. C’est ainsi qu’on a pu craindre que le feu Saint-Antoine ne se fixât pour toujours sur le théâtre de ses ravages; sous ce rapport la lèpre, sa contemporaine, peut lui être comparée. Malgré les incertitudes et les obscurités qui restent encore sur ce point, M. Fallot conclut à l’identité probable du feu sacré et de l’ergotisme gangréneux. La seule différence serait dans la substitution d’un nom spécifiant la cause à un nom qui indique un des principaux symptômes. Dans cette hypothèse, on expliquerait facilement le retour de ces épidémies, à une époque où la culture des céréales était complétement négligée, ou compromise par la succession incessante des troubles météorologiques. M. Fuchs en a compté vingt-huit, espacées dans une période de cinq cents ans, depuis 857, qu’il croit être la date de la première invasion, jusqu’à 1347. Ozanam n’en mentionne que seize, probablement parce que son calcul ne remonte pas aussi haut. Quelques-uns de ces récits signalent expressément l’altération des grains. En 1096, le pain parut d’un rouge de sang, que Mézeray attribue à une sorte de faux blé[521]. On peut opposer à M. Fallot, que sous le règne du feu sacré, le seigle n’entrait dans l’alimentation que pour une proportion très-faible. Cet honorable confrère atténue l’objection, en disant que l’ergotisme n’est pas l’effet exclusif du seigle (_secale cornutum_); mais encore, du mélange avec certaines graminées. L’ergot proprement dit (_sclerotium clavus_) attaque aussi d’autres céréales, l’orge en particulier. Or, avant l’introduction du seigle dans l’alimentation journalière du peuple, l’orge figurait dans la confection du pain et des soupes. M. Fallot aurait pu ajouter que le blé est sujet aussi à l’invasion du parasite. M. Mialhe a fait des recherches qui lui ont démontré l’identité chimique du blé et du seigle ergotés. Comme ce dernier, le blé renferme une matière grasse abondante, une matière grasse particulière, des matières albumineuses et gommeuses, des sels cristallisables, et enfin une matière extractive _sui generis_, _ergotine_[522]. D’après cette similitude de composition, M. Mialhe a présumé qu’il devait en être de même des propriétés physiologiques et thérapeutiques. L’expérience clinique paraît avoir vérifié ses prévisions[523]. Quoi qu’il en soit, il est certain que le mal des ardents trahit l’action préalable d’une influence puissante et générale qui s’est exercée sur des populations fatalement prédisposées. Tel est le fait que nous donne l’observation. L’hypothèse commence, quand on prétend que cette cause est unique, et que la maladie n’est qu’un empoisonnement par l’ergot de seigle. D’où il résulte logiquement qu’il aurait suffi d’exclure cette céréale de la consommation publique, pour supprimer en même temps ses redoutables effets, et mettre fin à l’épidémie. _Sublatâ causâ..._ M. Fallot ne hasarde-t-il pas cette conjecture, quand il demande si les guérisons qui avaient lieu, après un séjour plus ou moins prolongé dans les églises ou les couvents, ne tiendraient pas à la salubrité de l’alimentation fournie par ces établissements religieux, qui emmagasinaient dans les années d’abondance, pour parer aux disettes éventuelles? A quoi on pourrait répondre que la plupart des malades ne faisaient, pour ainsi dire, que passer dans ces asiles, s’il est vrai, comme on l’assure, que ceux qui ne mouraient pas, se rétablissaient en sept ou neuf jours, ce qui peut être accepté, au point de vue pathologique, sans aucune intervention miraculeuse. MM. Trousseau et Pidoux, dont le témoignage est d’un si grand poids, ne peuvent consentir à mettre sur le compte du seigle ergoté, les épidémies terribles décrites sous le nom d’_ergotisme_, d’_ergot_, de _convulsion céréale épidémique_, etc. Lorsque l’acrodynie régna à Paris, la première idée qui s’offrit, fut de la rapporter à une intoxication céréale; mais il devint bientôt de toute évidence, qu’il fallait renoncer à cette explication, puisque les habitants de Paris n’emploient jamais le seigle comme aliment. D’un autre côté, si l’on jette un coup d’œil critique sur ces prétendues épidémies d’ergotisme, on reconnaît, avec les éminents collaborateurs dont je reproduis l’opinion, que celles qui se développent en France ne se montrent pas dans les divers lieux, les mêmes années. Ainsi, pendant que l’Artois en est infecté, la Sologne n’éprouve rien, et réciproquement. Or, les années très-humides en Sologne, le sont également dans l’Artois, et par conséquent la production de l’ergot doit y être la même. Il serait bien singulier alors que l’influence de la même cause ne déterminât pas les mêmes accidents épidémiques. Quand une cause commune existe dans deux localités et qu’une maladie se développe dans l’une, sans se montrer dans l’autre, il faut, de toute nécessité, recourir à une autre explication étiologique. Pendant les années 1816 et 1817, les plus humides qu’il y ait eu, peut-être, depuis plus d’un siècle, bien que les seigles aient été infectés d’ergot, on n’a pas entendu dire que, dans la Sologne et sur beaucoup d’autres points de la France, où l’on se nourrit de farine de seigle, il soit survenu une épidémie d’ergotisme. C’est aussi un fait irréfragable, que des populations entières se nourrissent de cette céréale altérée; dans six ou sept départements, les paysans n’ont pas d’autre aliment. Pendant les étés froids et humides, les épis de seigle contiennent une énorme quantité d’ergot. Lorsque le grain a été battu, les paysans, avant de le faire moudre, n’enlèvent que les ergots les plus gros, et le reste va au moulin avec le bon grain. Le pain, pendant toute l’année, est fait alors avec du seigle ergoté, et c’est l’aliment qui entre pour la plus grande proportion, dans la nourriture des habitants de la campagne. Aux époques où l’altération de la céréale a dépassé de beaucoup son degré habituel, ceux qui en font usage ressentent une sorte d’ébriation qui n’a rien de pénible; mais quand il n’y a que peu d’ergot, on n’observe aucun accident notable, lors même que cette substance fait tous les jours, pendant de longues années, la base de la nourriture[524]. Il me semble qu’il est difficile de répondre à ces arguments, si l’on persiste à défendre, sans concession, l’étiologie céréale de la maladie du moyen âge. M. le docteur Marchal (de Calvi), touchant à cette question, s’étonne, à bon droit, qu’un fait pathologique, si commun autrefois, ait cessé de se produire. Il a lu comme moi, le passage que je viens d’extraire du livre de MM. Trousseau et Pidoux, et il convient qu’il y aurait là quelque chose d’incompréhensible, si, dit-il, on n’était autorisé à penser que les paysans de nos jours font peut-être mieux que d’enlever seulement les plus gros ergots; tandis que probablement, et cela est important à noter, leurs devanciers laissaient les gros comme les petits dans le grain à moudre[525]. La conjecture du savant médecin de Paris est rendue assez improbable par l’incurie bien connue des gens de la campagne; mais lors même qu’il en serait ainsi, les faits cités par MM. Trousseau et Pidoux ne seraient pas moins inexplicables pour ceux qui soutiennent, d’une manière absolue, l’intervention toxique de l’ergot. Dans l’espèce, je crois plutôt que nos paysans, à qui M. Marchal prête tant de prudence, seraient d’autant moins portés à élaguer tous les mauvais grains, que l’enivrement qui suit l’usage du pain de seigle, fortement ergoté, n’est pas sans agrément pour eux. Ils connaissent parfaitement l’origine de cette impression, et bien loin d’éprouver de la répugnance, ils s’en font une habitude, à l’exemple des fumeurs et des mangeurs d’opium. Les effets spéciaux du seigle ergoté sont formellement niés, au nom de l’expérience, par quelques auteurs allemands. On sait qu’il croît en grande quantité dans le canton de Bâle. On le moud avec les grains de bonne qualité, et on en fait du pain qu’on mange sans le moindre inconvénient[526]. On n’est plus surpris, après cela, des faits qui démontrent que le blé fortement altéré, a pu être employé sans porter le moindre trouble dans la santé publique. Ramazzini raconte qu’en 1691, la rouille envahit abondamment cette céréale en Italie, sans aucune suite fâcheuse. Il est certain que beaucoup de médecins, qui ne sont point intéressés au succès d’un système, ne croient guère à l’ergotisme. Requin, qui fait cette remarque, a consulté, pour s’éclairer, M. le docteur Arnal[527], qui s’est livré à une étude spéciale des effets thérapeutiques et toxiques de l’ergot. La réponse de ce confrère fut catégorique: il avait essayé toutes les manières de déterminer sur les animaux, l’ergotisme gangréneux ou convulsif, et il n’avait jamais pu y parvenir[528]. J’ai lu avec attention le récit des expériences faites par Tessier, sur quelques espèces animales pour éclaircir l’action pathologique de l’ergot[529]. L’auteur n’a négligé aucune précaution pour éviter toute cause d’erreur; mais je suis obligé d’ajouter que sa conclusion, très-affirmative, ne me paraît pas complétement applicable à l’homme. Il suppose que les expérimentateurs qui ont obtenu des résultats contraires, n’ont employé qu’une proportion insuffisante d’ergot. J’ai peine à croire que des hommes aussi exercés que Model et Parmentier n’aient pas prévenu un pareil reproche. Je pense donc, comme Requin, qu’on a souvent jeté sur le compte de l’ergot, bien des épidémies dont ce poison était tout à fait innocent, et que cette étiologie a été invoquée le plus gratuitement du monde. Ce qui ne m’empêche pas d’accepter les faits qui reposent sur les témoignages positifs de Salerne, de Réad et de quelques autres. Il importe seulement de ne jamais oublier, que la causalité médicale répugne aux interprétations exclusives qui ne tiennent pas compte des contingences de l’observation. De tout ce qui précède, je tire, jusqu’à preuve contraire, la conclusion suivante: La faible proportion du seigle ergoté dans le régime des populations frappées du feu Saint-Antoine; l’extension de cette épidémie dans des localités où cette céréale n’était pas cultivée; sa durée plusieurs fois séculaire, avec des intermissions que la continuité d’action de sa prétendue cause rendrait incompréhensibles, à moins d’entasser les suppositions arbitraires; la diminution graduelle et la disparition définitive du fléau, qui ne peuvent être attribuées à la suppression de l’influence suspecte; l’étrangeté symptomatique de la maladie qui exclut son origine vulgaire; le sens contradictoire des observations d’ergotisme, après leur révision attentive: toutes ces considérations, en un mot, ruinent l’hypothèse qui a rallié l’opinion des médecins sur la base commune de l’intoxication céréale. Le feu Saint-Antoine reste donc, pour moi, l’épidémie gangréneuse du moyen âge, affection distincte de toutes les autres, et à laquelle il m’est impossible de refuser les caractères de la spécificité la mieux tranchée. On a essayé d’établir entre elle et le charbon, un rapport intime; mais le rapprochement ne tient pas devant le parallèle nosographique. La tumeur circonscrite qui caractérise l’anthrax, et la gangrène qui s’irradie rapidement de son centre aux parties adjacentes, diffèrent radicalement du sphacèle, qui attaque tout un membre et le dévore sourdement, comme par l’action lente d’un feu interne. Les praticiens ne peuvent non plus, assimiler le feu Saint-Antoine, tel que nous le dépeignent les chroniques, à ces fièvres malignes gangréneuses, dont la marche est des plus aiguës, et qui s’accompagnent d’un grand trouble de la circulation et d’un profond abattement, signe de la résolution des forces. La question ainsi posée en amène une autre: Le feu Saint-Antoine a-t-il été connu des anciens, ou faut-il dater son avénement des premiers indices qui le dénoncent au Xe siècle? Hippocrate nous a laissé la relation d’une épidémie d’érysipèles, accompagnés de gangrènes fort étendues. Les causes les plus légères les faisaient naître. Les chairs, les ligaments, les os et même des membres entiers étaient détruits. L’auteur du récit fait remarquer, que ces accidents étaient plus effrayants que dangereux, car la plupart de ceux chez lesquels ils survenaient, échappaient à la mort. Ceux, au contraire, dont la maladie ne prenait pas cette direction, étaient emportés[530]. M. Littré retrouve, dans cette description, de nombreux traits de ressemblance avec les formidables épidémies qui, sous le nom de _feu Saint-Antoine_, de _mal des ardents_, etc., furent la terreur des populations du moyen âge. Mais il y voit cette différence essentielle que la gangrène, salutaire dans l’épidémie ancienne, était excessivement funeste dans celle du Xe siècle[531]. Je dois appuyer sur un autre caractère distinctif; c’est que l’action d’une cause occasionnelle quelconque, provoquait l’éruption de l’érysipèle sur les lésions les plus simples, sur de toutes petites plaies, n’importe leur siége. Cette observation se renouvelle dans la plupart des constitutions érysipélateuses bien dessinées. Les chirurgiens d’hôpitaux doivent, en pareil cas, renoncer à l’emploi de l’instrument tranchant, fût-ce la lancette, sous peine de voir surgir un érysipèle dont la gravité, trop souvent mortelle, ne peut être mesurée d’avance. Nous ne voyons rien de semblable dans l’histoire du mal des ardents. L’épidémie de l’antiquité n’est pas autre chose qu’une épidémie d’érysipèles, aggravée par l’influence indéfinissable d’une constitution gangréneuse et putride. Les médecins qui se sont épargné des longueurs, en identifiant le mal des ardents à l’érysipèle, relèveront l’importance du rapprochement que je viens de faire. Peut-être même se prévaudront-ils de l’assentiment apparent de Foës qui a traduit ἐρυσίπελατα par _ignes sacri_? Je me permettrai de leur rappeler que cette version, autorisée par le vocabulaire ancien, ne préjuge rien sur les prétendus rapports de l’érysipèle ainsi désigné, avec le _feu sacré_ ou _Saint-Antoine_[532]. Galien nous a conservé le souvenir d’une maladie épidémique qui survint à la suite d’une crise alimentaire. Nous y lisons que de longues famines désolaient, de son temps, l’empire romain. Le transport de toutes les céréales dans les villes, réduisit les gens de la campagne à user d’aliments qui n’entraient jamais dans leur régime, tels que racines sauvages, jeunes pousses des arbres, herbages des prés; et cette nourriture malsaine à laquelle ils furent condamnés, pendant l’hiver et le printemps, engendra de graves affections, au début de l’été.

https://github.com/VenelinKadankov/CS-DB-MSSQL/blob/master/ExamPrep/DatabasesMSSQLServerExam-21Jun2020/SQLQuery5.sql

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

CS-DB-MSSQL

VenelinKadankov

SQL

Code

SELECT FirstName, LastName, FORMAT(BirthDate, 'MM-dd-yyyy'), C.Name, Email FROM Accounts A JOIN Cities C ON C.Id = A.CityId WHERE LEFT(Email, 1) = 'e' ORDER BY C.Name

https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28016540

Wikidata

Semantic data

CC0

Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen

None

Multilingual

Semantic data

Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen kyrkobyggnad i Göteborgs kommun Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen instans av kyrka Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen land Sverige Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen bild Mariakyrkan Hammarkullen.jpg Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen inom det administrativa området Göteborgs kommun Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen plats Hjällbo Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen geografiska koordinater Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen stift Göteborgs stift Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen officiell webbplats https://www.svenskakyrkan.se/nylose/mariakyrkan, verkets eller namnets språk svenska Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen Google Maps Customer-ID 6369379010279228076 Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen OpenStreetMap sträck-ID 2846130 Mariakyrkan i Hammarkullen inhyser Angereds församling

https://hr.wikipedia.org/wiki/122%20mm%20haubica%20D-30

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

122 mm haubica D-30

https://hr.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=122 mm haubica D-30&action=history

Croatian

Spoken

122 mm D-30 sovjetska je tegljena haubica razvijena tijekom 1960-ih kako bi zamijenila 122 mm M-30. Može se lako raspoznati po svome tronožnom postolju koje joj omogućuje brzo okretanje za 360°. Relativno mala masa, mogućnost brzog premještanja na položaju, brzo otvaranje paljbe i velika pouzdanost pri bojnom djelovanju haubicu 122mm D-30 svrstava u red suvremenog oružja. Namijenjena je za neutralizaciju i uništenje žive sile neprijatelja, kao i za uništenje pomagala pješaštva i lakih fortfikacijskih objekata. Može se rabiti za vođenje borbe s neprijateljskim topništvom i oklopnomehaniziranim postrojbama, a uz uporabu odgovarajućeg streljiva i za zadimljavanje i osvjetljivanje područja. Korisnici Danas se nalazi u sastavu više od 50 oružanih snaga svijeta. Inačice 2A18 ili D-30 - osnovni model 2A18M ili D-30M - nova dvokomorna plinska kočnica na cijevi, kvadratna ploča ispod haubice za podizanje, fiksirana kuka za vuču 2A18M-1 ili D-30M-1 - prototip s poluautomatskim punjačem D-30A - modificiran povratni mehanizan, nova plinska kočnica 2S1 ili Gvozdika - samohodna inačica Type 85 ili D-30-2 - kineska inačica samohotke D-30-3 - kineska nadogradnja topa Type 59 ali kalibra 122 mm Type 86, Type 83, Type 96 - kineska licenčna proizvodnja ili izvedenice D-30 D-30 RH M-94 - hrvatska inačica D30J, s novom plinskom kočnicom, redizajniranim postoljem, poboljšanom hidrauličnom kočnicom te novom nišanskom spravom D 30-M - egipatska inačica SP 122 - samohodna inačica, na postolju tenka T34 Saddam - iračka inačica Shafie D-30I ili HM-40 - iranska inačica D-30J - jugoslavenska inačica, prozvođena u tvornici "Bratstvo" Novi Travnik D-30JA1 - poboljšana srpska inačica M-91 "Mona" - jugoslavenska inačica Khalifa - sudanska inačica Izvori Sovjetsko topničko oružje

US-201514948217-A_3

USPTO

Open Government

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

18. A computing device comprising: one or more processing units; and one or more computer-readable storage media comprising computer-executable instructions, which, when executed by at least some of the one or more processing units, cause the computing device to: predict a duration of a first data exchange between a first computing device in a first geographic location and a second computing device in a second, different geographic location, the first data exchange comprising: the first computing device transmitting a first portion of a first subset of intermediate data to the second computing device; and the second computing device transmitting a first portion of a second subset of the intermediate data to the first computing device; wherein the first portions of the first and second subsets of the intermediate data are based on a first allocation, of processing of a subsequent step of a multi- step compute operation, among the first and second computing devices; predict a duration of a second data exchange between the first and second computing devices, the second data exchange comprising: the first computing device transmitting a second portion of the first subset of the intermediate data to the second computing device; and the second computing device transmitting a second portion of the second subset of the intermediate data to the first computing device; wherein the second portions of the first and second subsets of the intermediate data are based on a second allocation, of the processing of the subsequent step of the multi-step compute operation, among the first and second computing devices, the second allocation differing from the first allocation; and allocate, among the first and second computing devices, the processing of the subsequent step of the multi-step compute operation in accordance with the second allocation if the second duration is less than the first duration; wherein the allocating causes the first computing device to transmit the second portion of the first subset of the intermediate data to the second computing device and further causes the second computing device to transmit the second portion of the second subset of the intermediate data to the first computing device; and wherein processing of a prior step of the multi-step compute operation by the first and second computing devices resulted in the first computing device locally generating the first subset of the intermediate data and second computing device locally generating the second subset of the intermediate data. 19. The computing device of claim 18, wherein the computer-executable instructions causing the computing device to allocate the processing of the subsequent step in accordance with the second allocation comprise computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the computing device to: instruct the first computing device to transmit the second portion of the first subset of the intermediate data to the second computing device; and instruct the second computing device to transmit the second portion of the second subset of the intermediate data to the first computing device. 20. The computing device of claim 18, wherein the one or more computer-readable media comprise further computer-executable instructions, which, when executed, cause the computing device to: instruct the second computing device to move a portion of initial data, distributed between the first and second computing devices, from the second computing device to the first computing device if the second duration is less than the first duration and the second allocation allocated more of the processing of the subsequent step of the multi-step compute operation to the second computing device; wherein the moving is initiated prior to a receipt of a query triggering the multi-step compute operation..

https://github.com/overherz/cscartsdk/blob/master/src/Sdk/Commands/AddonExportCommand.php

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

cscartsdk

overherz

PHP

Code

<?php namespace Tygh\Sdk\Commands; use Symfony\Component\Console\Command\Command; use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputArgument; use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputInterface; use Symfony\Component\Console\Input\InputOption; use Symfony\Component\Console\Output\OutputInterface; use Symfony\Component\Console\Question\ConfirmationQuestion; use Symfony\Component\Filesystem\Filesystem; use Tygh\Sdk\Commands\Traits\ValidateCartPathTrait; use Tygh\Sdk\Entities\Addon; class AddonExportCommand extends Command { use ValidateCartPathTrait; /** * @inheritdoc */ protected function configure() { $this ->setName('addon:export') ->setDescription( 'Copies or moves all add-on files to the separate directory, preserving the structure of directories.' ) ->addArgument('name', InputArgument::REQUIRED, 'Add-on ID (name)' ) ->addArgument('addon-directory', InputArgument::REQUIRED, 'Path to directory where files should be moved to' ) ->addArgument('cart-directory', InputArgument::REQUIRED, 'Path to CS-Cart installation directory' ) ->addOption('delete', 'd', InputOption::VALUE_NONE, 'Files and directories will be moved instead of being copied.' ) ->addOption('templates-from-design', null, InputOption::VALUE_NONE, 'Whether to take the add-on templates from "design/themes" path at CS-Cart installation directory and put them at "var/themes_repository" path in the add-on files directory. When this option is not specified, the templates are being taken from "var/themes_repository" and also put into "var/themes_repository" directory.' ); } /** * @inheritdoc */ protected function execute(InputInterface $input, OutputInterface $output) { $fs = new Filesystem(); $addon_id = $input->getArgument('name'); $abs_cart_path = rtrim(realpath($input->getArgument('cart-directory')), '\\/') . '/'; $this->validateCartPath($abs_cart_path, $input, $output); $fs->mkdir($input->getArgument('addon-directory'), 0755); $abs_addon_path = rtrim(realpath($input->getArgument('addon-directory')), '\\/') . '/'; $output->writeln(sprintf('<fg=magenta;options=bold>%s add-on files to the "%s" directory:</>', $input->getOption('delete') ? 'Moving' : 'Copying', $abs_addon_path )); $addon = new Addon($addon_id, $abs_cart_path); $addon_files_glob_masks = $addon->getFilesGlobMasks(); $addon_files_glob_masks = array_filter($addon_files_glob_masks, function ($glob_mask) use ($input) { if ($input->getOption('templates-from-design')) { // Ignore "var/themes_repository/" masks if (mb_strpos($glob_mask, 'var/themes_repository/') === 0) { return false; } return true; } else { // Ignore "design/themes/" masks if (mb_strpos($glob_mask, 'design/themes/') === 0) { return false; } return true; } }); $glob_matches = $addon->matchFilesAgainstGlobMasks($addon_files_glob_masks, $abs_cart_path); $counter = 0; foreach ($glob_matches as $rel_filepath) { $abs_cart_filepath = $abs_cart_path . $rel_filepath; // Skip links pointing to target add-on directory if (is_link($abs_cart_filepath)) { $output->writeln(sprintf('Found symlink "%s", <info>skipping</info>', $rel_filepath )); continue; } // Add-on templates at the "design/" directory will be // exported to the "var/themes_repository/" directory. if ($input->getOption('templates-from-design') && mb_strpos($rel_filepath, 'design/themes/') === 0) { $abs_addon_filepath = $abs_addon_path . 'var/themes_repository/' . mb_substr($rel_filepath, mb_strlen('design/themes/')); } else { $abs_addon_filepath = $abs_addon_path . $rel_filepath; } if (file_exists($abs_addon_filepath)) { $helper = $this->getHelper('question'); $question = new ConfirmationQuestion(sprintf( '<question>%s "%s" already exists. Overwrite? [y/N]:</question> ', is_dir($abs_addon_filepath) ? 'Directory' : 'File', $abs_addon_filepath ), false); if (!$helper->ask($input, $output, $question)) { continue; } } $fs->mkdir(dirname($abs_addon_filepath), 0755); $output->write(sprintf('%s "%s" to "%s" ... ', $input->getOption('delete') ? 'Moving' : 'Copying', $rel_filepath, $abs_addon_filepath )); if ($input->getOption('delete')) { $fs->rename($abs_cart_filepath, $abs_addon_filepath, true); } else { if (is_dir($abs_cart_filepath)) { $fs->mirror($abs_cart_filepath, $abs_addon_filepath, null, [ 'override' => true, // Override existing files at target directory ]); } elseif (is_file($abs_cart_filepath)) { $fs->copy($abs_cart_filepath, $abs_addon_filepath, true); } } $counter++; $output->writeln('<info>OK</info>'); } $output->writeln(sprintf('<options=bold>%u</> <info>files and directories have been %s.</info>', $counter, $input->getOption('delete') ? 'moved' : 'copied' )); } }

https://pt.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mario%20Kirev

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Mario Kirev

https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Mario Kirev&action=history

Portuguese

Spoken

Mario Kirev - em búlgaro: Марио Кирев - (Dupnitsa, 15 de agosto de 1989) é um futebolista búlgaro que atua como goleiro. Atualmente está sem clube. Futebolistas da Bulgária Futebolistas da Juventus Football Club Futebolistas do Grasshopper Club Búlgaros do século XX Búlgaros do século XXI

https://github.com/KCodeYT/SkyBlockClone/blob/master/src/main/java/ms/kevi/skyblock/menu/reforge/AdvancedReforgeMenu.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

SkyBlockClone

KCodeYT

Java

Code

/* * Copyright 2022 KCodeYT * * Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License"); * you may not use this file except in compliance with the License. * You may obtain a copy of the License at * * http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0 * * Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software * distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS, * WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied. * See the License for the specific language governing permissions and * limitations under the License. */ package ms.kevi.skyblock.menu.reforge; import cn.nukkit.Player; import cn.nukkit.item.Item; import cn.nukkit.utils.DyeColor; import ms.kevi.skyblock.game.GameHolder; import ms.kevi.skyblock.game.GameRarity; import ms.kevi.skyblock.game.modifier.IModifier; import ms.kevi.skyblock.game.player.SkyBlockPlayer; import ms.kevi.skyblock.item.IGameItem; import ms.kevi.skyblock.item.ItemBuilder; import ms.kevi.skyblock.item.ItemHelper; import ms.kevi.skyblock.item.ItemType; import ms.kevi.skyblock.item.custom.reforge.AbstractReforgeStoneItem; import ms.kevi.skyblock.item.registry.ItemGenerator; import ms.kevi.skyblock.menu.fake.FakeDoubleChestMenu; import ms.kevi.skyblock.menu.fake.FakeTransactionEvent; import ms.kevi.skyblock.registry.GameItemRegistry; import ms.kevi.skyblock.registry.Registries; import ms.kevi.skyblock.scheduler.TaskExecutor; import ms.kevi.skyblock.util.Utils; public class AdvancedReforgeMenu extends FakeDoubleChestMenu { private static final Item DEFAULT_REFORGE_ITEM = new Item(-161).setCustomName("§r§cReforge Item").setLore("§r§7Place a weapon, armor piece, or", "§r§7talisman in the left slot and a", "§r§aReforge Stone §7in the right slot", "§r§7to reforge!"); private static final Item DEFAULT_REFORGE_ANVIL = Item.get(Item.ANVIL).setCustomName("§r§cReforge Item").setLore("§r§7Apply a §aReforge Stone §7to the", "§r§7target item to reforge it,", "§r§7giving it boosted stats and even", "§r§7passive abilities.", "§r§7", "§r§7Place a weapon, armor piece, or", "§r§7talisman in the left slot and a", "§r§7Reforge Stone in the right slot", "§r§7to reforge!"); private static final Item ERROR_CANNOT_APPLIED = new Item(-161).setCustomName("§r§cError").setLore("§r§7The reforge associated with the", "§r§aReforge Stone §7cannot be", "§r§7applied to the target item!"); private static final Item ERROR_CANNOT_REFORGED = new Item(-161).setCustomName("§r§cError").setLore("§r§7You cannot reforge this item!"); private static final Item ERROR_ONLY_REFORGE_ONE = new Item(-161).setCustomName("§r§cError").setLore("§r§7You can only reforge 1 at a", "§r§7time!"); private static final Item ERROR_ALREADY_UPGRADED = new Item(-161).setCustomName("§r§cError").setLore("§r§7This item's rarity has already", "§r§7been upgraded!"); private static final Item ERROR_CANNOT_UPGRADED = new Item(-161).setCustomName("§r§cError").setLore("§r§7This item cannot have its raity", "§r§7upgraded!"); private static final Item RED_ITEM_TO_REFORGE = Item.get(Item.STAINED_GLASS_PANE, DyeColor.RED.getWoolData()).setCustomName("§r§6Item To Reforge").setLore("§r§7A weapon, armor, or", "§r§7talisman you want to", "§r§7reforge should be placed in", "§r§7the slot below"); private static final Item GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE = Item.get(Item.STAINED_GLASS_PANE, DyeColor.GREEN.getWoolData()).setCustomName("§r§6Item To Reforge").setLore("§r§7A weapon, armor, or", "§r§7talisman you want to", "§r§7reforge should be placed in", "§r§7the slot below"); private static final Item RED_REFORGE_STONE = Item.get(Item.STAINED_GLASS_PANE, DyeColor.RED.getWoolData()).setCustomName("§r§6Reforge Stone").setLore("§r§7A valid §aReforge Stone", "§r§7you want to sacrifice", "§r§7should be placed in the", "§r§7slot below. This item", "§r§7determines the type of", "§r§7reforge you will apply to", "§r§7the item on the left"); private static final Item GREEN_REFORGE_STONE = Item.get(Item.STAINED_GLASS_PANE, DyeColor.GREEN.getWoolData()).setCustomName("§r§6Reforge Stone").setLore("§r§7A valid §aReforge Stone", "§r§7you want to sacrifice", "§r§7should be placed in the", "§r§7slot below. This item", "§r§7determines the type of", "§r§7reforge you will apply to", "§r§7the item on the left"); private static final int REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT = 13; private static final int REFORGE_ANVIL_SLOT = 22; private static final int ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT = 29; private static final int REFORGE_STONE_SLOT = 33; public AdvancedReforgeMenu(Player player) { this(player, false); } public AdvancedReforgeMenu(Player player, boolean admin) { super(player, admin ? "Reforge Item (Admin Advanced)" : "Reforge Item (Advanced)"); this.setItem(49, CLOSE_BARRIER, CLOSING); this.resetMenu(); for(int i = 0; i < 45; i++) if(i != ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT && i != REFORGE_STONE_SLOT && this.getItem(i).isNull()) this.setItem(i, EMPTY_GRAY_GLASS_PANE, CANCELLED); for(int i = 45; i < 54; i++) if(this.getItem(i).isNull()) this.setItem(i, EMPTY_RED_GLASS_PANE, CANCELLED); this.addFakeListener(fakeEvent -> { final int slot = fakeEvent.getSlot(); if(slot != ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT && slot != REFORGE_STONE_SLOT) return; final Item targetItem = fakeEvent.getTargetItem(); if(this.getItem(slot == ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT ? REFORGE_STONE_SLOT : ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT).isNull() || targetItem.isNull()) { final Item itemToReforge = (slot == ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT && !targetItem.isNull()) || (slot != ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT && !this.getItem(ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT).isNull()) ? GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE : RED_ITEM_TO_REFORGE; this.setItem(11, itemToReforge, CANCELLED); this.setItem(12, itemToReforge, CANCELLED); this.setItem(20, itemToReforge, CANCELLED); final Item reforgeStone = (slot == REFORGE_STONE_SLOT && !targetItem.isNull()) || (slot != REFORGE_STONE_SLOT && !this.getItem(REFORGE_STONE_SLOT).isNull()) ? GREEN_REFORGE_STONE : RED_REFORGE_STONE; this.setItem(14, reforgeStone, CANCELLED); this.setItem(15, reforgeStone, CANCELLED); this.setItem(24, reforgeStone, CANCELLED); this.setItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT, DEFAULT_REFORGE_ITEM, CANCELLED); this.setItem(REFORGE_ANVIL_SLOT, DEFAULT_REFORGE_ANVIL, CANCELLED); return; } final Item item = slot == ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT ? targetItem : this.getItem(ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT); final Item stoneItem = slot == REFORGE_STONE_SLOT ? targetItem : this.getItem(REFORGE_STONE_SLOT); final IGameItem gameItem = Registries.ITEMS.valueOf(ItemHelper.getAttributeId(item)); final IGameItem stoneGameItem = Registries.ITEMS.valueOf(ItemHelper.getAttributeId(stoneItem)); if(gameItem == null || stoneGameItem == null) { this.resetMenu(); return; } if(item.getCount() != 1 && !admin) { this.resetMenu(ERROR_ONLY_REFORGE_ONE); return; } if(!ItemType.REFORGE_STONE.equals(stoneGameItem.getItemType())) { if(stoneGameItem.equals(GameItemRegistry.RECOMBOBULATOR_3000)) { final boolean condition0 = gameItem.isUpgradable(); final int rarityUpgrades = ItemHelper.getRarityUpgrades(item); if((!condition0 || rarityUpgrades > 0) && !admin) { this.resetMenu(!condition0 ? ERROR_CANNOT_UPGRADED : ERROR_ALREADY_UPGRADED); } else { final GameRarity upgradedRarity = GameRarity.getByLowestId(gameItem.getRarity().getId() + rarityUpgrades + 1); this.setItem(REFORGE_ANVIL_SLOT, ItemBuilder.get(Item.ANVIL, 0, 1).setCustomName("§aReforge Item").setLore("§7Increases the rarity of this", "§7item to " + upgradedRarity.getColorCode() + upgradedRarity.getName() + "§r§7!", "", "§eClick to reforge!").setSparkle(true).toItem(), this::handleRarityUpgrade); this.setItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT, ItemBuilder.from(ItemGenerator.create(ItemHelper.setRarityUpgrades(item.clone(), rarityUpgrades + 1))).addLore("", "§eClick the anvil to apply!").toItem(), CANCELLED); this.setItem(11, GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(12, GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(20, GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(14, GREEN_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(15, GREEN_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(24, GREEN_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); } } else { this.resetMenu(); } return; } final IModifier modifier = ((AbstractReforgeStoneItem) stoneGameItem).getReforge(); final boolean condition0 = gameItem.isModifiable(); if((!condition0 || !modifier.isApplicable(gameItem)) && !admin) { this.resetMenu(!condition0 ? ERROR_CANNOT_REFORGED : ERROR_CANNOT_APPLIED); } else { this.setItem(REFORGE_ANVIL_SLOT, ItemBuilder.get(Item.ANVIL, 0, 1).setCustomName("§aReforge Item").setLore("§7Applies the §9" + modifier.getDisplayName() + "§r§7 reforge", "§7to the target item.", "", "§7Cost", "§6" + Utils.formatNumber(modifier.getApplicationCost(ItemHelper.getRarity(item))) + " Coins", "", "§eClick to reforge!").setSparkle(true).toItem(), this::handleReforge); this.setItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT, ItemBuilder.from(ItemGenerator.create(ItemHelper.setModifier(item.clone(), modifier))).addLore("", "§7Cost", "§6" + Utils.formatNumber(modifier.getApplicationCost(ItemHelper.getRarity(item))) + " Coins", "", "§eClick the anvil to reforge!").toItem(), CANCELLED); this.setItem(11, GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(12, GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(20, GREEN_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(14, GREEN_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(15, GREEN_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(24, GREEN_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); } }); } private void resetMenu() { this.resetMenu(DEFAULT_REFORGE_ITEM); } private void resetMenu(Item reforgeItem) { this.setItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT, reforgeItem, CANCELLED); this.setItem(REFORGE_ANVIL_SLOT, DEFAULT_REFORGE_ANVIL, CANCELLED); this.setItem(11, RED_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(12, RED_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(20, RED_ITEM_TO_REFORGE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(14, RED_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(15, RED_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); this.setItem(24, RED_REFORGE_STONE, CANCELLED); } private void handleRarityUpgrade(FakeTransactionEvent fakeEvent) { fakeEvent.setCancelled(); this.setItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT, ItemGenerator.create(this.getItem(13)), this::handleItem); this.setItem(22, this.getItem(22), CANCELLED); this.setItem(ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT, Item.get(Item.AIR)); this.setItem(REFORGE_STONE_SLOT, Item.get(Item.AIR)); } private void handleReforge(FakeTransactionEvent fakeEvent) { fakeEvent.setCancelled(); final Item item = this.getItem(13); final IGameItem gameItem = Registries.ITEMS.valueOf(ItemHelper.getAttributeId(item)); final SkyBlockPlayer skyBlockPlayer = GameHolder.getPlayer(this.getPlayer()); final long cost = ItemHelper.getModifier(item).getApplicationCost(ItemHelper.getRarity(item)); /*if(skyBlockPlayer.getBank().getCoins() < cost) { fakeEvent.setCancelled(); return; } skyBlockPlayer.getBank().setCoins(skyBlockPlayer.getBank().getCoins() - cost);*/ this.setItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT, ItemGenerator.create(item), this::handleItem); this.setItem(22, this.getItem(22), CANCELLED); this.setItem(ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT, Item.get(Item.AIR)); this.setItem(REFORGE_STONE_SLOT, Item.get(Item.AIR)); } private void handleItem(FakeTransactionEvent fakeEvent) { if(this.getItem(13).isNull()) { fakeEvent.setCancelled(); return; } TaskExecutor.delayed(this::resetMenu, 1); } @Override public void onClose(Player who) { super.onClose(who); if(!this.getItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT).isNull() && !this.getItem(REFORGED_ITEM_SLOT).equals(DEFAULT_REFORGE_ITEM)) who.getInventory().addItem(this.getItem(13)); if(!this.getItem(ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT).isNull()) who.getInventory().addItem(this.getItem(ITEM_TO_REFORGE_SLOT)); if(!this.getItem(REFORGE_STONE_SLOT).isNull()) who.getInventory().addItem(this.getItem(REFORGE_STONE_SLOT)); } }

https://azb.wikipedia.org/wiki/%DA%A9%D8%A7%D9%86%D8%A7%D8%AA%D8%B2%DB%8C

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

کاناتزی

https://azb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=کاناتزی&action=history

South Azerbaijani

Spoken

کاناتزی (ایتالیاجا: Canazei) ایتالیا اؤلکه‌سینده بیر یاشاییش منطقه‌سی‌دیر. دنیز سوُلاری سَویه‌سیندن ۱۴۵۰ متر یۇکسک‏لیکده یئر آلیب. سوْن نۆفوس ساییمی اساسيندا 1908 نفر ایمیش. بیرده باخ ایتالیا شهرلرین لیستی قایناق‌لار اینگیلیسجه ویکی‌پدیاسی‌نین ایشلدنلری طرفیندن یارانمیش«Canazei»، مقاله‌سیندن گؤتورولوبدور.( ۸ آقوست ۲۰۱۸ تاریخینده یوْخلانیلیبدیر). ایتالیا شهرلری

sn84020558_1916-09-11_1_4_1

US-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

PAGE FOUR THE ARIZONA REPUBLICAN. MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1916 THE ARIZONA REPUBLICAN PHOENIX, ARIZONA Published Every Morning by the ARIZONA PUBLISHING COMPANY All communications to be addressed to the Company: office, corner of Second and Adams Streets. Entered at the Post office at Phoenix, Arizona, M Mail Matter of the Second Class. President and General Manager Dwight B. Heard Business Manager Charles A. Stauffer Assistant Business Manager Garth W. Cate Editor J. W. Spear City Editor Lyle Abbott SUBSCRIPTION RATES IN ADVANCE Daily and Sunday, one year $8.00 Daily and Sunday, six months $4.00 Daily and Sunday, three months $2.00 Daily and Sunday, one month $0.75 MEMBER OF THE ASSOCIATED PRESS Receiving Full Night Report, by Leased Wire. TELEPHONES Business, Advertising or Circulation 422 Editorial or News 433 Job Printing 499 General Advertising Representative, Robert E. Ward; New York Office, Brunswick Building; Chicago, Advertising Building. MONDAY MORNING, SEPTEMBER 11, 1916 The markets of the world are not to be taken by conquest. They must be won and held by the administration of the same business principles on which our domestic trade is founded superior goods, superior service, uniform fair dealing, unfailing reliability, and that faculty of being essentially on the job, that is the truest characteristic of American business today. Charles L. Dering. Maine The result in the election in Maine today will be awaited with unusual interest, though interest attaches to Maine elections in all presidential elections years. "As Maine goes, the country," is an old saying. That, of course, is not true but still Maine is supposed to afford an indication of the national result. We believe that the result in Maine is of value only for its moral effect upon the country rather than as an indication of the trend of the country's political opinion. Since 1856 Maine has been a pretty reliable republican state at presidential elections, though there has perhaps been no state more frequently and violently disturbed by local issues. As far back as 1878 it elected Garcelon, democrat, on the greenback issue. Two years later it elected a republican governor, but in 1882 the greenback issue became acute again and another democrat was elected. The next democrat was elected in 1910 and at the same time a democratic legislature was chosen. In 1912 the republicans elected a governor. Two months later Wilson carried the state, though his vote was less than the combined vote of Roosevelt and Taft by about 22,000. Those are almost exactly the same figures by which Taft had defeated Bryan four years earlier. The vote of Wilson in 1912, by the way, was less than that of the defeated democratic candidate for governor, by more than 16,000. Haines, the successful republican candidate, received more than 70,000, about 4,000 less than the combined Roosevelt and Taft vote. Democrats and republicans agree that the normal republican majority in Maine is about 15,000. But that is the majority which republicans usually cast at presidential elections. For several years the state has been so disturbed by the prohibition question and other local matters that cross currents have frequently reduced or increased these figures. But Maine republicans seldom take their quarrels to the presidential election. This year there is little local disturbance so that as the election will go today, it may be expected to go by practically the same figures on November 7. Cave Creek Floods For at least fifteen years, spasmodic and sporadic attempts have been made to control the erratic waters of Cave creek, which is generally a typical Arizona river but which now and then becomes a costly torrent. How often its floods have swept between this and the rich country northwest and inundated the western part of the city, we do not know, but there have been at least three such visitations within the last fifteen years. It was proposed after the first great flood, to control the Cave creek waters by means of a dyke constructed from high ground beyond the flood limits on the east to a point far enough west to throw the waters into New river where they properly belong and where they go unless the flood from the mountains is of such volume that the ill-defined channel cannot carry the water away. Then the flood sweeps to the southeast, tears out the banks of the Arizona canal, thus receiving reinforcement, and continues its devastating course across the country. We do not recall the amount of the estimated cost of the proposed dyke. But we know it was not appalling, much less than the probable damage inflicted by every visitation. It is, perhaps, unfortunate in the long run that these Cave Creek floods are so infrequent. If they occurred under something would be done about them. We think, though, that something will be done in consequence of this one, for since the last one, the country has been much more densely settled and the damage has been greater. If the farmers northwest of the city and the residents of the town and suburbs west of the capitol will now rise up, we think they can secure action. There may not be another Cave Creek flood for another fifteen years. And, again, there may be another next month. Great Britain's Unaltered Course The "retaliatory provisions" of the revenue bill were sprung upon the world rather suddenly, as suddenly upon this country as upon Great Britain. Yet they seem to have created less stir abroad than at home. In fact, they have created no stir at all in Great Britain. They have provoked there nothing but a cool indifference. It is significant that David Lloyd George, since the passage of the bill, declared in a speech in parliament that the censorship of our mails would be maintained and he coolly admitted that the censorship was maintained for the purpose of ascertaining the contents of American business correspondence, for the use that could be made of it to extend British interests rather than for the prevention of acts of unneutrality. We had long suspected that, but did not expect an admission of it. Coupled with our indignation, we entertain a sort of admiration for the munition minister's frankness. On Saturday, Lord Robert Cecil, minister of trade, said, "It is not likely that Great Britain will change her black list policy at the request of the United States." We are not among those who expected Great Britain would be influenced in the slightest degree by this retaliatory legislation which Congress has left optional with the administration to enforce. The quiet disregard by Great Britain of presidential protests for the last year and a half was a pretty accurate indication that that country would not be moved by legislation which only suggested but did not direct. Great Britain has yielded nothing to the administration since the controversy began. On the contrary, her practices were made the more rigid, we sometimes thought, as an answer to our puny protests. Americans now have fewer rights on the sea than they have had at any time since the first American note of protest was sent to Great Britain. We cannot forbear a sort of admiration for the steady encroachments of Great Britain against American rights, when we compare that unjust though consistent course with the shilly shallying, wordy policy of the United States. It may be safely predicted now that that retaliatory legislation will prove absolutely worthless; that it will serve nothing except as a basis for attempted negotiations on the part of our administration which will sink it deeper into the world's contempt than ever. Great Britain has not always been so indifferent to American words and will not always be so. In a matter that far less concerned American rights, that, in fact, did not at all concern the rights of any American citizen, President Cleveland once sent a brief word to Great Britain that was instantly heeded and a project for extending her territory over a part of Venezuela was abandoned. It is not now the spirit of the American people that Great Britain so insolently disregards. It is the American administration which has ceased to be animated by the spirit of the people. TEMPERANCE TALK Our Military "Policy" Orders regarding the national guard are being issued and countermanded with such regularity that the layman has some cause for bewilderment. The latest news is that 15,000 of the guardsmen will be brought back to their mobilization camps preparatory to being mustered out of the federal service. But this order contradicts the statement of Secretary of War Baker a few days ago that the men of the national guard on the border would be kept there "until they could be withdrawn without endangering American lives and property." He made a statement in reply to complaints that the guardsmen were being held in the service of the government after the emergency for which they were called out had passed, that they were "winning bloodless victories daily." He declared that American residents along the international border were enjoying a peace and security that they could not know without the military forces to protect them. The reason that Secretary Baker does not know his own mind probably is that he has to take orders from the president. The result is that while he may settle on a particular policy one day, the president is very likely to reverse it the next day. The idea of retaining the militia on the border until peace and security are restored in Mexico is absurd for it may be years before that country secures a stable government. "Authorizations" for increasing the size of the army do not mean very much under democratic auspices. There have been only 033 enlistments in the regular army within the last five months while deaths, discharges, and desertions have occurred amounting to five times that number. That is, the army is growing smaller instead of larger. It is one thing to "authorize" a thing and another to do it. Too much of the democratic legislation consists of "authorization." OWEN JOHNSON IN FRANCE Among the passengers who arrived at Bordeaux on the steamship Kochambeau, from New York, was Owen Johnson, the American author and member of the committee for the re-education of disabled soldiers. Mr. Johnson, who always has shown his friendship and devotion toward France and its cause, is making every effort to realize a rapprochement between France and the United States. "You may be assured," he said, "that we are very near to the realization of our project, and that all Americans are convinced of its utility and even its necessity. The pro-Germans themselves are now compelled to admit the superiority of the great French nation and they have settled down to the idea that France, with its allies, is bound to win this war." Before leaving New York, Mr. Johnson had long conversations with Theodore Roosevelt, Myron T. Herrick, former ambassador to France, and Judge Hughes. The subject of these conversations was military preparedness in the United States, and it was agreed that compulsory service has now become indispensable for the security of the country. But Prussian militarism will not be imitated. Mr. Johnson said. The superiority of the French organization has been recognized, he added, and the object of his visit is to study minutely the whole machinery of the French army. From the European Edition of the New York Herald. BACK TO TWO-COURSE DINNER FROM A JAPANESE PHILOSOPHER One of the strongest attacks made upon the demon booze in Phoenix in many a day, was made last night, when Dr. Ray Clarkson Harker, of the First Methodist church, delivered a prohibition sermon, that for brilliance and fire, has seldom been equalled. Herbert E. Nixon was in charge of the music. The large audience was deeply moved by Dr. Harker's remarks. The sermon was in the nature of an expose of the liquor traffic, and the benefits which have accrued since the advent of prohibition in Arizona. The Sermon in part is as follows: There are three reasons why we do not want the saloon back. The Effect of Prohibition on business. On the first Saturday night, after the saloons were banished from Arizona, all the hukeries of Phoenix ran out of bread and cake, and four of our meat markets ran out of meat. Drunkards' children were getting more bread and cake and meat. I examined the records at the city hall several times after prohibition began in and found that while the saloon was here it was costing Phoenix from $350 to $400 per month to take care of our prisoners. After the saloons were gone, that cost decreased to from $30 to $50 per month. The city of Phoenix saved $20,000 the first six months. This was brought about by the decrease in the expense of the city jail, by the reduction of the police force from 23 to 17, and by the decrease in this cost of prosecutions in the courts. In ten days after the saloons went out, the chain gangs disappeared from our streets and the man who had charge of the chain gang was out of a job. One of the superintendents of the mine at Ray was in Phoenix some months ago. I asked him concerning the effect of the abolition fifth week on accidents and the mine. I told him I wanted a careful answer for I desired to quote him. In the meantime, he answered that they had kept account of that very thing and that it had reduced accidents in their mine 10 percent. The Copper Queen, the largest institution in our state employing labor, says that there is 31 percent saving in efficiency among our men since the union was driven out. Before prohibition came, 80 percent of our men reported for work 2 or 3 days after payday. Since prohibition was percent report and all in better condition. A mother of nine children in his home in paying for fifty dollars' worth of groceries said: "This is the first time since we were married that the children have had the clothes they need and our bills were all paid." The second reason why we did not want the saloons back is the fact that the first of the year, 100 men were on strike at Miami, 500 at Ray and 500 at Clifton and Morey, no percent of these men were foreigners and 60 percent Mexican. The fact that there were no murders speaks well for the men and it speaks worlds for prohibition. On January 1, 1915, the first day the saloons were closed. I visited the Phoenix city jail. There were five in all, among the prisoners were six women. I looked over the record book and found there had been from 40 to 50 people in jail for months. On January 6, 1915, I visited the jail again and found that there were 14 in jail. On February 16, I visited the jail again and there were six in jail. No. Women we-p the. During the last year of the session, we had 15 arrests as a daily venue. I found some days in the early months of 1915 when there were no arrests. The total arrests for 1914 in Phoenix for all offenses, were 4,541. Total arrests for 1915 were 10,634. Total arrests for drunkenness, in 1914, were 6,634. Total arrests for drunkenness for 1915 were 224. I heard Dean Hodg, who had just come from the penitentiary, say that the inmates at our state prison had been reduced 50 percent. We had 3 murders in our state in the last months that we had the "loon." We had six murders in the first year and a half after the saloon was finished. In Pinal county there were 17 murders the last 6 months of the existence of the saloon there. There was no murder in that county in the first year. The Parisian hostess now warns her guests as soon as the soup is on the table, "We have only a simple little meal, you know; Just a couple of dishes, that's all. We have only the cook and the housemaid left. The butler is at the front, and very fine letters he writes us, too." There is talk in Paris of finding the "Two-Course Dinner club," that that after the war there will be healthful simplicity and no return to the extravagances of the past. Two courses! That was the ordinary dinner in the New England of the '80s; meat with vegetables, then pie or pies. The vegetables were put on the table with the meat or fish and the mistress of the house spooned them for the guest. Father carved. The guest knew exactly what the layout was, the pie was on a side table and he regulated his appetite accordingly. He could not say, "If I had known what was coming I should not have eaten so much of his or that." Good old days: An Englishman insists that blackberries and apples should be united in use. "Blackberry and apple pie is ever so much nicer than blackberry pie, and the same is true of jam. I remember that in the west country a most delicate pie used to be made of blackberries and a particular kind of raspberry. The apples were merely cut in two, without peeling." From the Boston Herald. Japanese are always happy; at least seem to be happy, because they rarely understand what love means. One of the Japanese charms is in the fact that nothing in Japan, from the matter of clothes to the matter of food, is ever enough. There is in our Japanese life no period called youth; we arrive at manhood at once from boyhood, and those boyhood days are frightfully short. Yone Noguchi in the International. The state tax commission for my guide and find his record excellent. Within a few days of his appointment on the commission and while its chairman, an order was issued that all property for that year must be assessed at 60 percent of its value. There were no long hearings, no delays from week to week, as is done by our corporation commission. The order was issued and the mines, railroads and everyone else paid. In the second report of the tax commission to the governor, Miller recommended a mine tax law, but it is absolutely nothing like the mine tax law introduced by the mining companies. I give herewith Millers recommendations to the governor regarding a mine tax law. These paragraphs are found on pages 70 and 71 of the second report of the state tax commission: "That a specific mine tax law be enacted similar to the one passed by the last legislature, except that the net proceeds alone be made the basic factor and increasing the multiple from to whatever figure the legislature may think proper. I transmit herewith copy of mine tax law based on the net proceeds of the mine and recommend its passage by the legislature, believing it will promote equity of taxation between the mines and yield more revenue to the state from the producing mines than any other measure yet proposed." These paragraphs do not read as if they came from a corporation hireling. Mr. Betts and the other four gentlemen to the contrary notwithstanding. I do not believe that the four gentlemen who signed that amendments ever saw Miller's recommendations to the governor. But what difference does it make to the farmer where any candidate stands with regard to the mine tax law? No mine tax law was enacted. The Republicans of Maricopa Co. Arnold & Land CANDIDATE FOR STATE SENATOR Stands For AN EFFICIENT CIVIL SERVICE SYSTEM FOR THE APPOINTMENT OF ALL STATE AND COUNTY EMPLOYEES. This will make fitness the basis for holding public office, give every person an equal opportunity to get a public position, and keep whole families from forever feeding off the public. THE ABOLITION OF USELESS OFFICES. THE ESTABLISHMENT OF A CENTRAL PURCHASING BUREAU FOR THE PURCHASE OF ALL STATE AND COUNTY SUPPLIES. Such bureau to buy the supplies for public needs in quantities commensurate therewith, at public bidding and at the lowest prices. EQUAL TAXATION. LEGISLATION IN THE INTEREST OF ALL THE PEOPLE AND NOT IN FAVOR OF ANY SPECIAL CLASS. ENFORCEMENT OF THE LAW. STATE BUDGET SYSTEM. To impose restrictions on the expenditures of public officials. The public has suffered because of the overwhelming power of the democratic party in this county and state and the lack of an effective opposition. If nominated, MR. MANDL intends to conduct an aggressive campaign not only for himself, but for the success of the whole republican ticket. VOTE FOR ARNOLD MANDL FOR STATE SENATOR tax commission had their own sweet desk is too low or too far away it will tax as they pleased, and yet taxes have increased. I respectfully refer the four gentlemen who signed Betts' advertisement and all others to the editorial in today's Republican, entitled, "Meaning less Figures." That tells the tale. Respectfully yours. N. W. HAGGARD. Phoenix, Sept. 10, 1916. The height of the girls' height is not the same height, but the girls average longer spine in proportion to complete height than the boys. Two boys of the same height standing are not always of the same height. J. BULL'S GOAT. Included in the cargo of the Deutschland is a goat once the property of J. Bull. From the Baltimore American. The first year with the saloon we had so many arrests, that we had to hire additional tail room to take care of our prisoners. On Labor Day, 1914, without the saloon, we had to hire additional tail room to take care of our prisoners. On Labor Day, 1915, without the saloon, and with a similar charge, held at the same park and under the same auspices and there were no arrests. The third reason why we do not want the saloon back is because of the effect of Prohibition on the morals of the people. A confirmed drunkard of Phoenix and six months after the abolition of the saloon, "I have been a whiskey soak for 20 years, but thank God I am now a free man." Among the signs the liquor forces of California have erected is this one: Prohibition will paralyze California." We have had prohibition in Arizona for almost two years. What has prohibition paralyzed here? Has it paralyzed our sunshine, or our mountains, or our alfalfa fields, or cotton fields, or schools, or our homes, or our churches? I'll tell you what it has paralyzed. Before the decision on personal use, it was paralyzing our chain gang, our police courts, our Keeley Institutes, our jails, our state penitentiary. It was paralyzing the tears of drunkards, children, and the heartaches of drunkards. Wives and the tears of anxious mothers. In 1912 Colorado went wet by 43,000. In 1914, 70,000 more earnest people went to the polls and Colorado went cry. In the last temperance election in California, 840,000 registered voters never went to the polls and the crime of rum-soaked California is at the door of those 340,000 recreant citizens. Don't fall to vote in November and let the paralyzing work of prohibition go on. OF BRUNSWICK COMPANY C. McCormick, of Los Angeles, agent of the Brunswick Drug company, is stopping at the Adams hotel while here for a few days on business. Where the People May Have Hearing Statement by Mr. Haggard To the Editor of The Republican: Sir, I note in today's Republican an advertisement regarding the mine tax record of P. J. Miller. I have heretofore made an investigation of Miller's record while tax commissioner. This investigation was not made on the street corner, but I took the first and second reports of The Care of the Child A Word to Parents and Teachers: Now, when we are about to open our schools again for another nine months of training for the children, it seems an appropriate time to say a few words of warning and counsel regarding a subject which to me is the most important for the children's future welfare and success in life, namely, their health. It is a great handicap for any child, say of 16 to begin life without a fair education but it is a still greater handicap to begin life with impaired health, for one can be acquired all through life by close application, but a youth who starts life in poor health does indeed. Face a dark future. It seems to me it ought to be a sacred duty of every parent and teacher to do everything possible not only to conserve the health of the child but to aid the weak ones in attaining a good, sound, healthy body. The public is liberal with money towards the equipment and upkeep of the schools and it has a right to expect mental and physical efficiency of the child in return, for either mental or physical deficiency is an economic loss to the public. For a number of years I have treated children for various ailments and have observed that nearly all defects like curvature of the spine, round shoulders, flat chests, etc., occur between the ages of 9 to 14 years of age, for the prevalence of those defects among our people, asking your family physician or anyone who has to examine a great number of people like a recruiting officer or insurance examiner, although later in life it may have developed into some disease more painful than the original cause. You, yourself, may be convinced by observing your children or your friends and you will be surprised how many of them have defects of the spine, shoulders, lips, chest, and ribs. In seeking a cause for the prevalence of those defects at the age of 9 to 14, I have come to a positive conclusion that most of them are caused by improper positions at home and in school. At that age the child's bones are more pliant than later in lite or strong while the muscles arp not fully devel oped or strong enough to hold the frame in its normal position. If the child's body is held in the same un natural position day after day while it is growing it will eventually become permanent only as it grows, the defect becomes more prominent. For a child wno already has acquired a defect only expert treatment can cor rect it. Our school desks and the system of seating the children are the cause of most of the physical defects mentioned. Most school desks are bought because the agent is a good talker, they look good or are cheap. The average school hoard does not study what desk is the best for the child, because most of them have no special training in that line. A straight, scientific desk ought to be adjustible so it could be raised or lowered or pulled close to the chest or farther away according to the size of the child. 1 do not know where such a desk is to be had, but undoubtedly any of the school furni ture manufacturers would be glad to make them. However, that is for the future, so it Is up to the teachers to do the best possible with present equipment. Here are a few facts that might be of some aid: If a desk is too high, the child is forced to put one arm down while the other guides the pen, pencil, or book on top of the desk. The result is one shoulder higher than the other and great danger of forming a lateral curvature of the spine. If the forces the child to a stooping position and flat chest. If the desk is too close, it forces the child's shoulders too far back with too much strain on the lower part of the back, often causing what is commonly called sway-back. The best position for a student is 4. Two children of exactly the same height, both feet on the floor, both feet standing, do not always hold the same height of desk, as one chest about three inches from edge of the desk. The chest about three inches from the edge of the desk is very much heavier through the desk and the back of the desk to fit the arms and shoulders than the other. Never allow the child to sit up straight, give him a few minutes outdoors. Delegate the teacher who, by training and inclination, is best fitted for the position, to superintend the seating of the children, for it is quite a science to seat them properly. Bear in mind the following points when seating children: 1. Children of the same age are not the same in size. 2. That a girl and a boy of the same physical exercise for the children, but space forbids it at this time. In conclusion, I wish to urge you to take more interest in your children. We have the church, the home, and the schools to look after their spiritual, moral, and intellectual training, let us not neglect the physical, for a bright soul will shine more brightly if the body is well and beautiful. G. ORLANDO WOLD, 134 N. First Ave. All the advantages of a modern trust company are offered to you by the Phoenix Title & Trust Company, 18 North First Ave. W. H. CONSTABLE, Inc. Wood and Coal When the moving picture director asked "Perfecto" to assist him in staging a South American revolution, things began to happen. You'll never guess the climax of this corking Gouverneur Morris story. Even the "Society Queen" was dumb-founded at the outcome, and as for President Carcia, words could not express his surprise at the turn of events. After marching beside the trombone player there could be but one ambition in the life of Penrod and depend upon it, that young gentleman forthwith proceeds to make life as musical and miserable for the neighborhood as his means and ingenuity will permit. But how is he to know that the King of France once owned a hunting horn? We intimated last month that there may be considerable autobiography of these Booth Tarkington stories. Have you a little reformer in your town? Then read what happened to Mr. Foster in George Ade's newest fable. He improved all the tax payers into despair, but their opportunity arrived when he ran for office. And did they show their appreciation well? A-t-h-e-r and then some. Craig Kennedy unearths another unusual criminal. The great scientist detective, whose exploits are recounted solely in Cosmopolitan, sustains his remarkable reputation in this last exploit "The Vital Principle," another of Arthur B. Reeves' reminiscences of the infallible investigator. These stories and others by Robert W. Chambers, Charles G. D. Roberts, Samuel Merwin, Arthur Train, Elinor Glyn, Owen Johnson, besides articles by Jack London, Herbert Kaufman and Daniel Frohman in the October Cosmopolitan. The biggest and the best magazine in the world. Have you seen the new size? Fifteen cents. On all newsstands.

catechismodadou00churgoog_74

Portuguese-PD

Open Culture

Public Domain

Catechismo da doutrina Cristam: in the Portuguese and Marasta languages

Catholic Church

Portugueuse

Spoken

O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição. O livro sobreviveu tempo suficiente para que os direitos autorais expirassem e ele se tornasse então parte do domínio público. Um livro de domínio público é aquele que nunca esteve sujeito a direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais ou cujos direitos autorais. A condição de domínio público de um livro pode variar de país para país. Os livros de domínio público são as nossas portas de acesso ao passado e representam um grande riqueza histórica, cultural e de conhecimentos, normalmente difíceis de serem descobertos. As marcas, observações e outras notas nas margens do volume original aparecerão neste arquivo um reflexo da longa jornada pela qual o livro passou: do editor à biblioteca, e finalmente até você. Diretrizes de uso O Google se orgulha de realizar parcerias com bibliotecas para digitalizar materia de domínio público e torná-los amplamente acessíveis. Os livros de domínio público pertévemos ao público, e nós meramente os preservamos. No entanto, esse trabalho é dispendioso; sendo asim, para continuar a oferecer este recurso, formulamos algumas etapas. Visando evitar o abuso por partes comerciais, incluindo o establecimento de restricciones técnicas nas consultas automatizadas. Pedimos que você: • Faça somente uso não comercial dos arquivos. A Pesquisa de Livros do Google foi projetada para uso individuíil, e nós solicitamos que você use estes arquivos para fines pessoais e não comerciais. • Evite consultas automatizadas. Não envie consultas automatizadas de qualquer espécie ao sistema do Google. Se você estiver realizando pesquisas sobre tradução automática, reconhecimento ótico de caracteres ou outras áreas para as quêus o acesso a uma grande quantidade de texto for útil, entre em contato conosco. Incentivamos o uso de materiais de domínio público para esses fins e talvez possamos ajudar. • Mantenha a atribuição.

https://github.com/sarahhodne/redox/blob/master/kernel/usb/ohci.rs

Github Open Source

Open Source

MIT

redox

sarahhodne

Rust

Code

use alloc::boxed::Box; use common::debug; use drivers::pciconfig::PciConfig; use schemes::KScheme; pub struct Ohci { pub base: usize, pub irq: u8, } impl KScheme for Ohci { fn on_irq(&mut self, irq: u8) { if irq == self.irq { // d("OHCI IRQ\n"); } } fn on_poll(&mut self) { } } impl Ohci { pub unsafe fn new(mut pci: PciConfig) -> Box<Self> { pci.flag(4, 4, true); // Bus mastering let module = box Ohci { base: pci.read(0x10) as usize & 0xFFFFFFF0, irq: pci.read(0x3C) as u8 & 0xF, }; module.init(); return module; } pub unsafe fn init(&self) { debug::d("OHCI on: "); debug::dh(self.base); debug::d(", IRQ: "); debug::dbh(self.irq); debug::dl(); } }

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/wiki/Plochmopeltis%20ellisii

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Plochmopeltis ellisii

https://ceb.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Plochmopeltis ellisii&action=history

Cebuano

Spoken

Kaliwatan sa uhong ang Plochmopeltis ellisii. sakop sa ka-ulo nga Ascomycota, ug Una ning gihulagway ni Josef Adolph von Arx ni adtong 1959. Ang Plochmopeltis ellisii sakop sa kahenera nga Plochmopeltis, ug kabanay nga Schizothyriaceae. Walay nalista nga matang nga sama niini. Ang mga gi basihan niini Abungawg-uhong Plochmopeltis

https://github.com/ZawadaRobert/CPMPaths/blob/master/src/common/VersionNumber.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

Apache-2.0

CPMPaths

ZawadaRobert

Java

Code

package common; public class VersionNumber { private int major; private int minor; private int relese; public VersionNumber(int major, int minor ,int relese) { this.major=major; this.minor=minor; this.relese=relese; } public int getMajor() { return major; } public void setMajor(int major) { this.major = major; } public int getMinor() { return minor; } public void setMinor(int minor) { this.minor = minor; } public int getRelese() { return relese; } public void setRelese(int relese) { this.relese = relese; } @Override public String toString() { return(major+"."+minor+" "+relese); } @Override public int hashCode() { int result = 1; result = 100000000 * result + major; result = 100000 * result + minor; result = result + relese; return result; } @Override public boolean equals(Object obj) { if (this == obj) return true; if (obj == null) return false; if (getClass() != obj.getClass()) return false; VersionNumber other = (VersionNumber) obj; if (major != other.major) return false; if (minor != other.minor) return false; if (relese != other.relese) return false; return true; } public int compareTo(VersionNumber other) { if (this.getMajor()!=other.getMajor()) return this.getMajor() - other.getMajor(); if (this.getMinor()!=other.getMinor()) return this.getMinor() - other.getMinor(); return this.getRelese() - other.getRelese(); } }

2013/92013E005618/92013E005618_EN.txt_15

Eurlex

Open Government

CC-By

None

None

Portugueuse

Spoken

(Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005665/13 à Comissão José Manuel Fernandes (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento Relativamente aos projetos que podem ser apoiados pelo Fundo Europeu de Desenvolvimento pergunto: Quais são os montantes e beneficiários dos projetos aprovados desde 2007? Quais são as prioridades que a Comissão defende para os projetos a financiar no período 2014-2020? Resposta dada por Andris Piebalgs em nome da Comissão (10 de julho de 2013) 1. Desde 2007, a Comissão já aprovou um montante total bruto de 22,56 milhões de EUR de autorizações (decisões de financiamento) 1. Desde 2007, a Comissão já aprovou um montante total bruto de 22,56 milhões de EUR de autorizações (decisões de financiamento)  (317) o o  (318) 2. O atual exercício de programação do 11. 2. O atual exercício de programação do 11. o  (319) — Direitos humanos, democracia, o Estado de direito e outros elementos essenciais da boa governação, incluindo os seguintes setores prioritários: igualdade de género e empoderamento das mulheres; gestão do setor público; política e administração fiscais; corrupção; sociedade civil e autoridades locais; recursos naturais; e correlação entre desenvolvimento e segurança. — Crescimento inclusivo e sustentável ao serviço do desenvolvimento humano, incluindo os seguintes setores prioritários: proteção social; saúde; educação; ambiente empresarial; integração regional; mercados mundiais; agricultura; e energia. (English version) Question for written answer E-005665/13 to the Commission José Manuel Fernandes (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: European Development Fund As regards projects that the European Development Fund can support: What sums for and beneficiaries of projects have been approved since 2007? What priorities does the Commission advocate for projects to fund in the 2014-2020 period? Answer given by Mr Piebalgs on behalf of the Commission (10 July 2013) 1. Since 2007 the Commission has approved a total amount of EUR 22.56 billion gross commitments (financing decisions) 1. Since 2007 the Commission has approved a total amount of EUR 22.56 billion gross commitments (financing decisions)  (320)  (321) 2. The ongoing programming exercise for the 11th EDF is governed by the Cotonou Agreement and the Agenda for Change 2. The ongoing programming exercise for the 11th EDF is governed by the Cotonou Agreement and the Agenda for Change  (322) — Human rights, democracy, the rule of law and other key elements of good governance which include the following priority sectors: gender equality and the empowerment of women; public-sector management; tax policy and administration; corruption; civil society and local authorities; natural resources; and the development-security nexus; — Inclusive and sustainable growth for human development including the following priority sectors: social protection; health; education; business environment; regional integration; world markets; agriculture; and energy. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005668/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Redução de austeridade na Europa O ministro das Finanças alemão disse que o seu país apoia a redução das políticas de austeridade na Europa. Esta afirmação contradiz a forte pressão feita por Bruxelas e pelo FMI para forçar países como Portugal a adotar programas pesados de cortes na despesa pública. Concorda a Comissão que está na hora de reduzir as políticas de austeridade na Europa? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (9 de julho de 2013) A Comissão considera que a consolidação orçamental não constitui um fim em si mesmo, antes um meio que permite às autoridades públicas recuperarem a soberania fiscal e investirem no crescimento sustentável. Perante défices públicos elevados e níveis de dívida crescentes, a Comissão tem defendido a necessidade de consolidação orçamental, que deve ser prosseguida de maneira diferenciada e favorável ao crescimento, específica para cada país. As propostas mais recentes da Comissão a este respeito constam do pacote apresentado em 29 de maio, em que se incluíam recomendações ao Conselho no sentido da dilatação dos prazos para a correção da situação de défice excessivo em seis países, a saber, Espanha, França, Países Baixos, Polónia, Portugal e Eslovénia. (English version) Question for written answer E-005668/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Watering down austerity in Europe The German Finance Minister has said that his country supports watering down austerity policies in Europe. This statement runs counter to the strong pressure from Brussels and the IMF to force countries like Portugal to adopt onerous programmes of public spending cuts. Does the Commission agree that it is time to water down austerity policies in Europe? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (9 July 2013) The Commission considers that fiscal consolidation is not an end in itself but a means for public authorities to regain their fiscal sovereignty and to be able to invest in sustainable growth. Against the background of high public deficits and rising debt levels, the Commission has been advocating the need for fiscal consolidation, which should take place in a differentiated and growth-friendly manner, specific to each country. Most recent Commission proposals in this regard can be found in the package presented on the 29th of May, which notably included Commission Recommendations to the Council with a view to extend the deadlines for correcting the excessive deficit in six countries: Spain, France, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal and Slovenia. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005669/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Bolha imobiliária na Holanda A Holanda apresenta sérios problemas com que a UE terá de lidar. A bolha imobiliária revelou-se na Holanda, o país está em recessão, o desemprego sobe e a dívida dos consumidores é 250 % do rendimento disponível. Em fevereiro, a Fitch rebaixou a qualificação estável da dívida holandesa, que continua com o seu triplo A, ainda que só por um fio. A agência culpou a queda dos preços da moradia, o aumento da dívida estatal e a estabilidade do sistema bancário (a mesma mistura tóxica de outros países da eurozona afetados pela crise). O FMI prevê que a economia vai retrair 0,5 % em 2013. No entanto, estas previsões têm-se revelado bastante otimistas. O governo não cumpre os seus défices orçamentais, apesar de ter imposto medidas severas de austeridade em outubro. Como outros países da eurozona, a Holanda parece encerrada num círculo vicioso de desemprego em aumento e rendimentos fiscais em queda, o que conduz a ainda mais austeridade e a mais cortes e perda de emprego. 1. Como avalia a Comissão a situação da Holanda? 2. Prevê a Comissão que a Holanda venha a entrar num longo período de recessão, e que o excesso de dívida leve a um futuro pedido de resgate? 3. Prevê a Comissão qualquer impacto, ou antecipa problemas, no setor bancário holandês? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (11 de julho de 2013) 1. Os pontos de vista e previsões macroeconómicas da Comissão são explicados em pormenor em vários documentos essenciais publicados recentemente, em especial as previsões da primavera de 2013 dos serviços da Comissão e os documentos relativos aos Países Baixos no contexto da Estratégia Europa 2020 publicados em 29 de maio, em especial o documento de trabalho dos serviços da Comissão. 2. Não. As previsões da primavera de 2013 dos serviços da Comissão anteveem uma recuperação gradual, ainda que modesta, a partir do segundo semestre deste ano, que se deverá manter em 2014. 3. Não, a Comissão não prevê problemas com o setor bancário dos Países Baixos. Os bancos dos Países Baixos parecem sólidos, bem capitalizados e rentáveis. Os rácios de capital são suficientemente altos para fazer face a eventuais choques e os bancos apresentam uma boa rendibilidade. Os três principais intervenientes obtêm a classificação A+ e superior junto das principais agências de notação de risco. Ao contrário dos seus pares periféricos que se depararam com sérios problemas de financiamento e saída de capitais, os bancos neerlandeses são vistos como um porto seguro e têm acesso fácil à liquidez. Embora os preços da habitação tenham baixado substancialmente, o nível de incumprimento no reembolso do crédito imobiliário é dos mais baixos na UE e as execuções de hipotecas representam apenas 0,07 % do total do parque habitacional. Além disso, 60 % do crédito imobiliário está concedido ao quinto da população com rendimentos mais elevados e só 3 % ao quinto com os rendimentos mais baixos. (English version) Question for written answer E-005669/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Property bubble in the Netherlands There are serious problems in the Netherlands and the EU needs to tackle them. The Netherlands is experiencing a property bubble, the country is in recession, unemployment is rising and consumer debt is 250% of available income. In February, Fitch downgraded its classification of Dutch debt as stable, which is hanging on to its AAA rating, albeit by a thread. The agency blamed the drop in house prices, increased public debt and the stability of the banking system (the same toxic combination as in other crisis-hit euro-area countries). The IMF forecasts that the economy will retract 0.5% in 2013. However, these forecasts have proven somewhat optimistic. The government is missing its budget-deficit targets, despite imposing harsh austerity measures in October. Like other euro-area countries, the Netherlands seems trapped in a vicious circle of rising unemployment and falling tax revenues, leading to even more austerity, more cuts and more job losses. 1. What is the Commission’s view of the Netherlands situation? 2. Does the Commission expect that the Netherlands will enter a long period of recession and that excessive debt will lead to the country requesting a bailout in future? 3. Does the Commission expect any impact on or anticipate problems with the Netherlands banking sector? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (11 July 2013) 1. The Commission's views and macroeconomic forecasts are spelled out in detail in several key documents published recently, in particular the Commission Services' Spring 2013 forecast and the documents on the Netherlands in the context of EU2020, published on 29 may, in particular the Staff Working Document. 2. No. The Commission Services' Spring 2013 forecast foresees a gradual, though modest recovery as of the second half of this year taking hold in 2014. 3. No, the Commission does not anticipate problems with the Dutch banking Sector. Banks in the Netherlands appear sound, well capitalised and profitable. Capital ratios are sufficiently high to cope with major shocks and banks display sound profitability. The three major players are rated A+ and above by the major credit rating agencies. Unlike their peripheral peers who encountered serious funding difficulties and capital outflows, Dutch banks benefited from a perceived safe haven status and have easy access to liquidity. Even though housing prices have been falling substantially, arrears in servicing mortgages were amongst the lowest in the EU, and foreclosures account for only 0.07% of the total housing stock. Moreover, 60% of mortgage debt is held by the highest earning fifth and only 3% by the lowest earning fifth. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005670/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Posição de François Hollande O Presidente de França considera que deve ser criado um governo económico na zona comunitária, com orçamento próprio, direito à emissão de dívida, um sistema fiscal harmonizado e um presidente a tempo inteiro. A propósito do seu primeiro ano de mandato como Presidente de França, François Hollande defendeu a criação de um governo económico permanente para a Zona Euro, proposta que o socialista francês gostaria de ver concretizada no prazo de dois anos. 1. Como avalia a Comissão esta pretensão do Presidente francês? 2. Concorda a Comissão com esta posição? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (9 de julho de 2013) Os pontos de vista da Comissão sobre as medidas necessárias a curto, médio e longo prazos para estabilizar a área do euro constam do seu Plano pormenorizado para uma União Económica e Monetária efetiva e aprofundada, publicado em 30 de novembro de 2012. No entender da Comissão, numa UEM efetiva e aprofundada, as principais decisões em matéria económica e orçamental dos Estados-Membros devem estar sujeitas a maior coordenação, aprovação e supervisão ao nível europeu. As políticas económica e orçamental devem abranger a tributação e o emprego, assim como outros domínios de intervenção determinantes para o funcionamento da UEM. Uma União Económica e Monetária nestes termos deve assentar numa capacidade orçamental autónoma e suficiente, que permita um apoio efetivo às opões políticas resultantes do processo de coordenação. Deve, além disso, ser sujeita a um processo decisório e de aplicação conjunto ao nível da UEM uma parte adequada das decisões relativas a receitas, despesas e emissão da dívida. (English version) Question for written answer E-005670/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: François Hollande's position The French President believes that an EU economic government should be set up, with its own budget, the right to issue debt, a harmonised tax system and a full-time president. While talking about his first year in office as President of France, François Hollande has advocated creating a permanent economic government for the euro area. The French socialist would like to see this proposal realised within two years. 1. What is the Commission’s view of the French President’s idea? 2. Does the Commission share this view? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (9 July 2013) The Commission's views on the short, medium and long term measures necessary to move towards a stable eurozone are laid down in its Blueprint for a Deep and Genuine EMU published on the 30th of November 2012. In the Commission's view, in a deep and genuine EMU all major economic and fiscal policy choices of its Member States should be subject to deeper coordination, endorsement and surveillance at the European level. These policies should cover also taxation and employment, as well as other policy areas crucial for the functioning of EMU. Such an EMU should also be underpinned by an autonomous and sufficient fiscal capacity that allows the policy choices resulting from the coordination process to be effectively supported. A commensurate share of decisions with regard to revenue, expenditure and debt issuance should be subject to joint decision-making and implementation at the level of EMU. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005671/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Posição da Comissão no tocante à participação dos depositantes nos resgates dos bancos e à «união bancária» A Alemanha, a Holanda e a Áustria defendem que os depósitos acima dos 100 mil euros devem ser chamados a participar nos resgates dos bancos. O BCE tem uma perspetiva diferente, defendendo que a participação dos depositantes deverá verificar-se em último recurso. Joerg Asmussen, membro da comissão executiva do Banco Central Europeu (BCE), defende uma rápida constituição da união bancária e, ao mesmo tempo, que os depositantes sejam os últimos a ser chamados a participar num resgate de um banco. Esta perspetiva colide com a da Alemanha, que defende que a união bancária deve ser implementada com calma e os depósitos não garantidos, ou seja, acima de 100 mil euros, devem ser equiparados às obrigações no que respeita a responsabilidades. Também o Ministro das Finanças Francês, Pierre Moscovici, afirmou que os depositantes sem seguro deveriam ser excluídos da partilha de prejuízos como regra geral, com a criação de uma autoridade com competência para analisar cada caso concreto. Verifica-se assim a existência de dois entendimentos opostos e porventura conflituosos: — de um lado, os que defendem o recurso aos depósitos dos clientes como forma de recapitalização dos bancos em dificuldade; — do outro, aqueles que consideram deverem ser os bancos — principais beneficiários da respetiva atividade — a suportar os custos dos mecanismos de recapitalização daqueles que deles necessitarem. Pergunta-se à Comissão: Por que razão não insiste nas vantagens de um fundo comum suportado primordialmente pelos bancos, no sentido do defendido no BCE por Joerg Asmussen? Resposta dada por Michel Barnier em nome da Comissão (18 de julho de 2013) A diretiva relativa à recuperação e resolução de instituições bancárias, proposta pela Comissão em junho de 2012, será em breve finalizada. Após a sua entrada em vigor, os Estados-Membros passarão a dispor dos instrumentos necessários para intervir numa crise bancária, nomeadamente o instrumento de resgate interno. Para reduzir ao mínimo a participação dos contribuintes na crise bancária, o instrumento de resgate interno previsto nesse enquadramento jurídico permite que um banco seja recapitalizado através da anulação ou da diluição das participações acionistas e da redução ou conversão em ações dos créditos dos credores. Os depósitos inferiores a 100 000 euros serão explicitamente excluídos deste instrumento. Quanto à união bancária, a Comissão publicou, em 10 de julho de 2013, uma proposta de Mecanismo Único de Resolução (MUR). Nas suas comunicações publicadas em setembro de 2012 («Roteiro para uma união bancária») e em novembro de 2012 («Plano pormenorizado para uma União Económica e Monetária efetiva e aprofundada»), a Comissão salientou as vantagens do MUR, indicando que este mecanismo seria mais eficaz do que uma rede de autoridades nacionais de resolução, sobretudo em caso de falências transfronteiras, dada a necessidade de rapidez e credibilidade na gestão das crises bancárias. O MUR permitiria também obter economias de escala significativas. De acordo com as conclusões do Conselho Europeu de dezembro de 2012 e março de 2013, o MUR deverá ser financiado por contribuições dos bancos. (English version) Question for written answer E-005671/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Commission position on depositor participation in bank bailouts and ‘banking union’ Germany, the Netherlands and Austria are arguing that deposits of over EUR 100 000 should be called on to participate in bank bailouts. The European Central Bank (ECB) has a different stance, arguing that depositor participation should be a last resort. Jörg Asmussen, a member of the ECB executive board, has advocated quickly setting up banking union, at the same time arguing that depositors should be the last people called on to participate in a bank bailout. This stance is at odds with that of Germany, which argues that banking union should be implemented slowly and deposits not guaranteed; that is, that obligations should be brought into line with responsibilities for deposits over EUR 100 000. The French Finance Minister, Pierre Moscovici, has also stated that uninsured depositors should generally be shielded from apportionment of losses, with the creation of an authority with the power to analyse each specific case. As such, there are two opposing and, perhaps, conflicting points of view. — on the one hand, advocates of using customer deposits as a way of recapitalising banks in difficulty; — on the other, those who believe that it should be the banks — the main beneficiaries of this activity — that bear the cost of mechanisms for recapitalising those that need it. Why is the Commission not stressing the benefits of a common fund mainly supported by the banks, as Jörg Asmussen at the ECB is advocating? Answer given by Mr Barnier on behalf of the Commission (18 July 2013) The directive on Bank Recovery and Resolution, proposed by the Commission in June 2012, is to be finalised soon. Once the directive is in place, Member States will have the necessary tools to intervene in banking crisis, including bail-in. To minimise taxpayer involvement in bank crisis, the bail-in tool enshrined in that framework will allow a bank to be recapitalized by wiping out or diluting shareholders and by reducing or converting the claims of creditors into shares. Deposits below EUR 100 000 will be explicitly excluded from the bail-in tool. As to the Banking Union, the Commission published a proposal on the Single Resolution Mechanism (SRM) on 10 July 2013. In its communications published in September 2012 (A Roadmap towards a Banking Union) and in November 2012 (A blueprint for a deep and genuine economic and monetary union), the Commission stressed the benefits of the SRM by indicating that this mechanism would be more efficient than a network of national resolution authorities, in particular in the case of cross-border failures, given the need for speed and credibility in addressing banking crises; it would also entail significant economies of scale. According to the European Council conclusions of December 2012 and March 2013, the SRM is to be financed by contributions from banks. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005672/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Ensino profissional em Portugal O desemprego em Portugal tem vindo a crescer devido à crise que o país atravessa. O ensino profissional poderia ser uma boa ajuda para o combate ao desemprego. A experiência dos países da OCDE no ensino profissional poderia ajudar Portugal a superar alguns dos principais desafios na construção de um sistema de formação profissional mais eficaz. Os casos da Dinamarca e da Suíça, em que pelo menos 75 % dos alunos matriculados em programas de ensino profissional passam no mínimo metade do programa no local de trabalho, são um bom exemplo. Pergunto à Comissão: Estão previstos e/ou em estudo programas de incentivo ao ensino profissional em Portugal? Não concorda que a dinamização do ensino profissional em Portugal, nos moldes do que se já faz na Dinamarca e na Suíça, poderia contribuir para o combate ao desemprego? Resposta dada por Androulla Vassiliou em nome da Comissão (19 de julho de 2013) A Comissão acredita firmemente que a eficácia do ensino e formação profissionais (EFP) facilita uma boa transição dos jovens do ensino para o mundo do trabalho. Países com sistemas de ensino e formação profissionais atraentes e especialmente os que dispõem de sistemas de aprendizado bem estabelecidos tendem a apresentar um melhor desempenho em termos de emprego dos jovens. Por conseguinte, a Comissão apoia os sistemas de formação profissional com uma forte componente de aprendizagem no meio laboral, não apenas em Portugal mas também noutros Estados-Membros, através da criação de uma Aliança Europeia da Aprendizagem. A Aliança da Aprendizagem é uma iniciativa multilateral que visa melhorar a qualidade e a oferta dos aprendizados na UE e mudar mentalidades no sentido do tipo de aprendizado. A iniciativa apoia a criação, renovação ou modernização dos atuais programas de aprendizado, com base na experiência de modelos de sucesso. Promove parcerias nacionais e transnacionais com o objetivo de desenvolver e promover a aprendizagem profissional em empresas. Promove igualmente os benefícios dos sistemas de aprendizado para as empresas, os prestadores de EFP, os alunos e os pais. A Comissão apoia financeiramente o aprendizado através do Fundo Social Europeu (e, neste contexto, a Iniciativa para o Emprego dos Jovens) e do Programa de Aprendizagem ao Longo da Vida, que serão substituídos pelo novo programa Erasmus + em 2014. Este apoio varia entre o desenvolvimento a nível de sistema, de conteúdos de aprendizagem e de mobilidade dos funcionários e alunos. (English version) Question for written answer E-005672/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Vocational training in Portugal Unemployment has been increasing in Portugal, due to the crisis the country is experiencing. Vocational training could be a great help in combating unemployment. The vocational training experience of Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development countries could help Portugal to overcome some of the main challenges in creating a more effective vocational training system. The cases of Denmark and Switzerland, where at least 75% of students registered on vocational training courses spend at least half of the programme in the workplace, are a good example. 1. Is the Commission planning and/or researching programmes to encourage vocational training in Portugal? 2. Does the Commission agree that fostering vocational training in Portugal, similarly to what is already being done in Denmark and Switzerland, could contribute to combating unemployment? Answer given by Mme Vassiliou on behalf of the Commission (19 July 2013) The Commission firmly believes that effective vocational education and training (VET) systems facilitate a smooth transition of young people from education to work. Countries with attractive VET systems, and especially those with well-established apprenticeship systems, tend to perform better in terms of youth employment. Therefore, the Commission supports vocational training systems with a significant work-based learning component not only in Portugal, but also in other Member States by establishing an European Alliance for Apprenticeships. The Alliance for Apprenticeships is a multi-stakeholder initiative which aims to improve the quality and supply of apprenticeships across the EU and change mind-sets towards apprenticeship-type learning. The initiative supports the creation, revival or modernisation of existing apprenticeship schemes, drawing on lessons from successful models. It promotes national and transnational partnerships with an aim to develop and foster work-based learning in companies. It also promotes the benefits of apprenticeship systems to companies, VET providers, students and parents. The Commission supports apprenticeships financially through the European Social Fund (and in that context the Youth Employment Initiative) and the Lifelong Learning programme which will be replaced by the new Erasmus + programme in 2014. This support ranges from system-level development, to learning content and mobility of staff and learners. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005673/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Previsões da OCDE para Portugal Segundo a OCDE, as reformas empreendidas por Portugal nestes cinco últimos anos para tornar mais competitivos os mercados de produtos e mais dinâmico o mercado de trabalho são suscetíveis de elevar o PIB potencial de Portugal em cerca de 3,5 % em 2020. Pergunta-se à Comissão: Tem conhecimento destas previsões? Que previsões tem para o crescimento potencial do PIB de Portugal em 2020? Não reconhece que é necessário fazer mais no que respeita ao crescimento económico para que se verifique uma retoma da economia de Portugal bastante antes de 2020? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (10 de julho de 2013) A Comissão tem conhecimento do relatório da OCDE e da sua avaliação do impacto das reformas estruturais recentemente adotadas em Portugal. Os serviços da Comissão estimam que o crescimento potencial de Portugal será de cerca de 2½ % em 2020. Esta estimativa resulta da amplamente aceite metodologia da função de produção que, para além do horizonte de previsão, se baseia-se em pressupostos técnicos. No entender da Comissão, o Governo português realizou reformas estruturais ambiciosas para restabelecer a sustentabilidade das finanças públicas, reduzir os desequilíbrios externos e colocar a economia numa trajetória de crescimento forte e criador de emprego. No entanto, sabe-se que as reformas estruturais levam tempo a produzir os resultados esperados e que a fase de ajustamento pode ser difícil. É crucial que as autoridades portuguesas prossigam os seus esforços, em particular nos domínios do mercado de trabalho, educação, indústrias de rede como os transportes ou a energia, justiça, serviços e profissões regulamentadas e redução dos encargos administrativos e dos procedimentos de licenciamento, de modo a colher plenamente os benefícios do programa de reformas. (English version) Question for written answer E-005673/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: OECD forecasts for Portugal The Organisation for Economic Cooperation and Development has stated that Portugal’s reforms over the last five years to make the market for goods more competitive and the labour market more dynamic could potentially cause a 3.5% increase in Portugal’s GDP by 2020. 1. Is the Commission aware of these forecasts? 2. What are the Commission’s forecasts for potential growth in Portugal’s GDP by 2020? 3. Does the Commission agree that more needs to be done as regards economic growth in order for the Portuguese economy to recover somewhat before 2020? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (10 July 2013) The Commission is aware of the OECD report and its assessment of the impact of recently adopted structural reforms in Portugal. The Commission services estimate potential growth in Portugal to be around 2½ percent in 2020. This estimate is derived from the commonly agreed production function methodology which, beyond the forecast horizon, is based on technical assumptions. In the view of the Commission the Portuguese Government has implemented ambitious structural reforms to restore the sustainability of public finances, reduce external imbalances and put the economy back on a path of strong, job-rich growth. However, it is known that structural reforms take time to deliver the expected results and that the adjustment phase can be difficult. It is paramount that the Portuguese authorities persevere in their efforts in particular in the fields of labour market, education, networking industries such as transport or energy, justice, services and regulated professions and reduction of administrative burden and licensing procedures so as to reap the full benefits of the reform programme. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005675/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Financiamento às empresas em Portugal Dos 4,28 mil milhões de euros emprestados pelos bancos portugueses no mês de março, a maior «fatia» voltou a ter como destino as empresas. As instituições financeiras emprestaram um total de 3,75 mil milhões de euros, mais 18,9 % do que em fevereiro, tendo o crédito às grandes empresas registado um aumento duas vezes superior ao observado nos empréstimos às pequenas e médias empresas (PME). Os empréstimos com um valor acima de um milhão de euros ascenderam a 2,2 mil milhões de euros, ou seja, mais 23,6 % do que em fevereiro, de acordo com os dados provisórios divulgados pelo Banco de Portugal. Sendo, como todos sabemos, as PME as principais responsáveis pela criação de emprego e pelo crescimento económico, pergunta-se à Comissão: Tem conhecimento destes dados revelados pelo Banco de Portugal? Que medidas têm sido tomadas a fim de canalizar para as microempresas e as PME a maior «fatia» do crédito concedido pelas instituições financeiras? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (4 de julho de 2013) No âmbito do Programa de Ajustamento Económico para Portugal, a Comissão acompanha de perto a situação no que respeita ao financiamento da economia, nomeadamente a concessão de crédito ao setor empresarial e, em especial, às PME. O financiamento do setor empresarial em Portugal foi objeto de uma análise detalhada por ocasião da sexta revisão do Programa de Ajustamento (323). A Comissão trabalha em estreita cooperação com o BEI e o FEI no incentivo ao financiamento das PME. Estes organismos, em especial o FEI, gerem um vasto leque de instrumentos financeiros que permitem a canalização dos recursos financeiros da União — fundos estruturais — para as PME. Um exemplo recente de tais instrumentos é o «Instrumento de partilha de riscos para as PME e para as pequenas empresas de média capitalização orientadas para a investigação e a inovação» financiado pelo Sétimo Programa-Quadro de Investigação, criado com o objetivo de conceder crédito para a investigação e inovação a PME e empresas de média capitalização. Em abril, o FEI e um banco português chegaram a acordo no âmbito deste mecanismo. Recentemente, foram celebrados outros acordos com bancos portugueses, por exemplo, no domínio do micro financiamento, através do Instrumento de Micro financiamento «Progress», gerido pelo BEI. Os fundos estruturais atribuídos a Portugal também são utilizados para apoiar as linhas de crédito garantidas pelo Estado destinadas às PME e às microempresas. (English version) Question for written answer E-005675/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Finance for companies in Portugal Of the EUR 4.28 billion lent by Portuguese banks in March, the largest ‘slice’ was once again to companies. Financial institutions lent a total of EUR 3.75 billion, 18.9% more than in February. Credit granted to large companies has increased by twice as much as loans to small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Provisional figures published by the Bank of Portugal show that loans of over EUR 1 million were up to EUR 2.2 billion, 23.6% more than in February. Given that, as we all know, it is mainly SMEs that account for job creation and economic growth: Is the Commission aware of these figures released by the Bank of Portugal? What measures has the Commission taken to channel a larger ‘slice’ of the credit granted by financial institutions to SMEs? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (4 July 2013) In the context of the Economic Adjustment Programme for Portugal the Commission closely monitors the situation regarding the financing of the economy, including credit supply to the corporate sector by the financial system and to SMEs in particular. The financing of the corporate sector in Portugal was subject to a detailed analysis on the occasion of the sixth review of the Adjustment Programme (324). The Commission works in close cooperation with the EIB and the EIF to promote the financing of SMEs. These bodies, in particular the EIF, manage a wide range of financial instruments which allow channelling Union financial resources ‐structural funds — to SMEs. One recent example of such instruments is the ‘Risk Sharing Instrument for Innovative and Research oriented SMEs and small Mid-Caps (RSI)’ financed by the EU's 7th Framework Programme for Research (FP7), set up with the aim of providing loans for research and innovation for SMEs and mid-caps. In April an agreement under this facility was reached between the EIF and one Portuguese bank. Other agreements were concluded recently with Portuguese banks, for example in the domain of micro finance, through the EIB-run Progress Microfinance Facility. The structural funds allocated to Portugal are also used to support government guaranteed credit lines directed at SMEs and microenterprises. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005676/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Desemprego em Portugal no primeiro trimestre de 2013 O número de desempregados em Portugal continuou a subir a um ritmo elevado durante os primeiros três meses do ano. De acordo com os dados publicados ontem pelo Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE), a taxa de desemprego passou de 16,9 % no final de 2012 para 17,7 % no final do primeiro trimestre de 2013, um novo máximo histórico para Portugal. Pergunta-se à Comissão: Não considera que as novas medidas de austeridade anunciadas para Portugal vão significar novos aumentos dos níveis de desemprego? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (3 de julho de 2013) De acordo com as previsões da primavera da Comissão, o desemprego em Portugal deverá aumentar, passando de uma média de 15,9 % da população ativa em 2012 para 18,2 % em 2013 e para 18,5 % em 2014. Prevê-se um declínio gradual da taxa de desemprego a partir dessa data. É importante salientar que o agravamento do desemprego em Portugal não constitui um fenómeno recente associado ao programa de ajustamento. O desemprego em Portugal situava-se em 4,5 % da população ativa em 2000 e aumentou para 8,9 % em 2007, enquanto, no mesmo período, a taxa de desemprego na área do euro diminuiu de 8,7 % para 7.6 %. Em 2011, a taxa de desemprego em Portugal tinha atingido quase 13 %, o que quer dizer que já se havia verificado um aumento muito importante bem antes do programa de ajustamento. O aumento do desemprego em Portugal constitui, pois, um fenómeno de longo prazo, que o programa de ajustamento visa combater através de políticas estruturais adequadas. (English version) Question for written answer E-005676/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Unemployment in Portugal in the first quarter of 2013 The number of unemployed in Portugal continued rising fast during the first three months of the year. According to data published yesterday by Statistics Portugal, the unemployment rate went from 16.9% at the end of 2012 to 17.7% at the end of the first quarter of 2013, a new record for Portugal. Does the Commission agree that the new austerity measures announced for Portugal will mean further increases in the unemployment level? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (3 July 2013) According to the Commission's spring forecast unemployment in Portugal is expected to rise from an average of 15.9% of the labour force in 2012 to 18.2% in 2013 and to 18.5% in 2014. A gradual decline in the unemployment rate can be expected thereafter. It is important to note that the rise in unemployment in Portugal is not a recent phenomenon linked to the adjustment programme. Unemployment in Portugal stood at 4.5% of the labour force in 2000 and rose to 8.9% in 2007 while over the same period unemployment in the euro area fell from 8.7% to 7.6%. In 2011, the unemployment rate in Portugal had reached almost 13%, i.e. a very substantial increase occurred already well before the adjustment programme. The rise in unemployment in Portugal is thus a long-term phenomenon which the adjustment programme aims at tackling by appropriate structural policies. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005677/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Taxa de IRC em Portugal Considerando que: Segundo uma recolha de vários «benchmarks» efetuada pela Ernst & Young, Portugal tem a terceira maior taxa efetiva de IRC da União Europeia (até 31,5 %), logo a seguir à França e Bélgica, e acima da média dos 27 Estados-Membros que se cifra nos 24,6 %. Portugal atravessa uma grave crise económica, com valores recordes do desemprego. Pergunta-se: Não considera que um IRC deste valor dificulta o investimento em Portugal? Equaciona a Comissão, no âmbito das medidas de crescimento económico defendidas para Portugal, a redução do IRC para as empresas portuguesas, como forma de incentivo ao investimento? Resposta dada por Algirdas Šemeta em nome da Comissão (16 de julho de 2013) 1. A taxa legal do imposto sobre o rendimento das pessoas coletivas em Portugal (que pode chegar a 31,5 %) é superior à média europeia. As taxas de imposto efetivas prestam melhor informação sobre o impacto da tributação nas decisões de investimento. No seu estudo de 2012 para a Comissão Europeia 1. A taxa legal do imposto sobre o rendimento das pessoas coletivas em Portugal (que pode chegar a 31,5 %) é superior à média europeia. As taxas de imposto efetivas prestam melhor informação sobre o impacto da tributação nas decisões de investimento. No seu estudo de 2012 para a Comissão Europeia  (325) 2. A redução da taxa de imposto sobre o rendimento das pessoas coletivas é uma opção para atrair investimentos. Um quadro jurídico e político estável, finanças públicas sólidas, uma mão-de-obra qualificada, infraestruturas públicas, etc., são também importantes fatores determinantes de investimento. Em Portugal, está em curso uma reforma global do imposto sobre o rendimento das pessoas coletivas (IRC) tendo em vista a promoção do investimento e o melhoramento da competitividade internacional. Para atingir estes objetivos, a Comissão apoia a simplificação da complexa estrutura do IRC, a fim de reduzir custos administrativos e de conformidade e para reduzir gradualmente as taxas marginais juntamente com a redefinição da matéria coletável. (English version) Question for written answer E-005677/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Corporation tax rate in Portugal According to a survey of several benchmarks by Ernst & Young, Portugal has the third-highest effective rate of corporation tax in the EU (up to 31.5%), just behind France and Belgium, and above the average for the 27 Member States, which is 24.6%. Portugal is experiencing a serious economic crisis, with record unemployment. 1. Does the Commission agree that corporate tax at this level discourages investment in Portugal? 2. In the context of the economic growth measures advocated for Portugal, does the Commission consider reduced corporation tax for Portuguese companies an incentive for investment? Answer given by Mr Šemeta on behalf of the Commission (16 July 2013) 1. The statutory corporate tax rate in Portugal (that can go up to 31.5 percent) is higher than the European average. The effective tax rates provide better information on the impact of taxation on investment decisions. In its 2012 study for the European Commission 1. The statutory corporate tax rate in Portugal (that can go up to 31.5 percent) is higher than the European average. The effective tax rates provide better information on the impact of taxation on investment decisions. In its 2012 study for the European Commission  (326) 2. The reduction of the corporate tax rate is one option to attract investment. A stable legal and policy environment, sound public finance, a qualified workforce, public infrastructure, etc. are also important determinants of investment. A comprehensive reform of the corporate income tax (CIT) is underway in Portugal, aimed at promoting investment and improving international competitiveness. To attain these objectives, the Commission supports the simplification of the complex CIT structure, in order to reduce compliance and administrative costs, the gradual reduction of marginal rates alongside the redefinition of the tax base. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005678/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Incumprimento em Portugal por parte dos reformados Considerando que: Um em cada dez portugueses que pede ajuda por não conseguir pagar as suas dívidas tem mais de 60 anos e, habitualmente, é reformado. Pergunta-se: Como avalia esta situação? Uma vez que as medidas de austeridade que têm vindo a ser aplicadas agravaram esta situação, que mecanismos pode a Comissão disponibilizar para combater esta situação? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (9 de julho de 2013) A Comissão entende que a manutenção e a aplicação determinada do programa de ajustamento macroeconómico é a melhor maneira de restaurar um crescimento económico sustentável e de aumentar as oportunidades de emprego em Portugal. A Comissão continuará a trabalhar de forma construtiva com as autoridades portuguesas, dentro dos parâmetros acordados para atenuar as consequências sociais da crise. Além disso, o recente acordo de princípio sobre a prorrogação dos prazos de vencimento dos empréstimos concedidos ao país melhorará as perspetivas do seu regresso aos mercados e reforçará a credibilidade do programa de ajustamento, apoiando, assim, os esforços notáveis envidados por Portugal nos últimos tempos, dos quais os menores não são os sacrifícios feitos pelo povo português. (English version) Question for written answer E-005678/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Retired Portuguese people unable to pay their debts One in 10 Portuguese people who request help with paying their debts are aged over 60 and are generally retired. 1. What is the Commission’s view of this situation? 2. Since the austerity measures that the government has been applying have exacerbated this situation, what mechanisms can the Commission make available to combat this situation? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (9 July 2013) The Commission considers that continued and determined implementation of the macro economic adjustment programme offers the best way to restore sustainable economic growth and to improve employment opportunities in Portugal. The Commission will continue to work constructively with the Portuguese authorities within the parameters agreed to alleviate the social consequences of the crisis. Furthermore, the recent agreement in principle on extending the maturities of the loans granted to Portugal will improve Portugal's prospects of a return to the markets and enhance the credibility of the adjustment programme, thereby lending support to the remarkable efforts undertaken by Portugal in recent times, not least of which are the sacrifices made by the Portuguese people. (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005679/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Sistema bancário na Eslovénia Considerando que: Os problemas no sistema bancário esloveno continuam no centro das preocupações europeias, por poderem exigir mais um resgate num país da Zona Euro; O risco tem aumentado devido à resistência das autoridades em atuar de forma decisiva na reestruturação do seu sistema bancário; A Eslovénia tem resistido à reforma do seu sistema financeiro, o que é explicado em parte pela «obstrução» do banco central do país aos esforços do novo Governo, Pergunta-se: Como avalia a situação do sistema bancário na Eslovénia? Que prevê a Comissão fazer no que respeita à reforma do sistema financeiro, para evitar mais um resgate num país da zona euro? Resposta dada por Olli Rehn em nome da Comissão (26 de junho de 2013) A avaliação da Comissão sobre os desafios com que o sistema bancário esloveno se confronta, bem como as propostas de medidas que devem ser tomadas para os resolver, podem ser consultadas no seguinte endereço: http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/making-it-happen/country-specific-recommendations/index_pt.htm (English version) Question for written answer E-005679/13 to the Commission Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 May 2013) Subject: Banking system in Slovenia The problems in Slovenia’s banking sector remain central to Europe’s concerns, since they could require another bailout of a euro-area country. The risk has been increasing because of the Slovenian authorities’ resistance to acting decisively to restructure their banking system. Slovenia has been resisting reform of its financial system, which is partly explained by the country’s central bank ‘blocking’ the new government’s efforts. 1. What is the Commission’s view of Slovenia’s banking system? 2. What does the Commission plan to do to reform the financial system, to avoid bailing out another euro-area country? Answer given by Mr Rehn on behalf of the Commission (26 June 2013) The Commission's assessment of the challenges facing the Slovenian banking system , as well as proposed course of action to address them can be found at: http://ec.europa.eu/europe2020/making-it-happen/country-specific-recommendations/index_en.htm (Versão portuguesa) Pergunta com pedido de resposta escrita E-005680/13 à Comissão Nuno Melo (PPE) (21 de maio de 2013) Assunto: Projeto luso-moçambicano no âmbito da intervenção e formação na área da saúde materno-infantil Considerando que: — O «Health 4 Mozambican Kids and Mothers» é um projeto luso-moçambicano no âmbito da intervenção e formação na área da saúde materno-infantil; — Este projeto pretende promover o intercâmbio científico e clínico entre instituições portuguesas e moçambicanas, privilegiando a partilha de experiências; — O referido projeto prevê a implementação de programas de vigilância no âmbito da saúde materno-infantil, visando a prevenção precoce e consequente melhoria transgeracional da saúde das populações; — É importante formar profissionais no terreno — na vertente médica e de enfermagem —, visando a melhoria da prestação de cuidados às populações; — É fundamental a avaliação do estado de saúde em geral e da nutrição da população pediátrica e suas progenitoras — É necessário formar equipas no terreno que permitam a sustentabilidade do projeto; — Existe a necessidade de um intercâmbio regular nas diferentes áreas médicas no âmbito da saúde materno‐infantil.

sn83021205_1859-09-02_1_2_2

US-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

None

None

English

Spoken

mchls \ dawbm Mr. Kennedy, yd Koxbury. lias discovered, m one of our common pasturf’ weeds a remedy tliat cures every kind <d humor, from tqe worst Scrofula down to a com mon Pimple \ Two bottles are warraVded to cure a nursing sore mouth One to three bottles wflll cure the worst kind ot pimples Two or three bottles wifii clear the system of biles. Two bottles are warranted to cure the worst canker m Jie stomach. \ Three or five bottles are Warranted to cure the worst kind ot Erysipelas. ; ... One or two bottlCß are warp'itea to cure all humora in the eves. , Two bottles are warranted cure running of the cars ami blotches among the hair. X Four to six bottle w are w ,o cure corrupt and running ulcers. .... One bottle will cur: .ii em, > of the skin. Two or three bott.i’■ ■ t to cure the worst Kind of ringworm. "x. Two or three bottles are to cure the most desperate case of rheumatism. . , , , Three or four bottles are warranted to cure salt rheum Five to eight bottles v> ill cure the Worst case ot scrofula. Une t» three bottles arc warnint&l t" cure the worst case of Dyspepsia. 1 know from the v x pcricnce ot thou sands that it has caused by a canker ii]’ the stomach. Cne to two hotties are warranted to Jcurc sick headache. One to two bottles are warranted to regulate a constipated state of the bowels. One to two bottles will regulate all of the Kidneys. Four to six bottles have cured the worst cases of dropsy. One to three bottles have cured the worst case of piles; a relief is always experienced. What it is a mercy to get relief in such an excruciating disease. Since its first discovery, I have from time to time added various other herbs to it; of one of the most, Hippocrates, the Father of Medicine, says; “It is an herb of Jupiter, and in the sign Leo. It opens obstructions of the liver, gall, and spleen; it is an especial friend to the liver, worth all other herbs put together; cooling it when too hot, and warming it when too cold. It creates an appetite, curbs all gone and sinking feeling in the pit of the stomach, causes all pains, and stitches in the side. It cures the Jaundice by opening the gall, and restores the native color of the body. It expells all raw, viscera, and slimy humors out of the body; it cleanses all inward ulcers and congested blood from the kidneys. By opening obstructions of the spleen, it purges all burnt choler and melancholy vapors which riseth to the head and brain, causing distressing headache, fearful foreboding of trouble, trembling of the heart, fainting and swelling. The herb boiled in wine is particularly good to revive the drooping spirit of the aged, and whoever has a lingering sickness after a fever, imthing restores him to health so quick as drinking the juice of this herb. “The seeds boiled in cure the most offensive breath, and, drunk at beau, prevents what is commonly called nightmare, and lumbarism, a disease of the heart.” The Father of Medicine says of another herb in this composition, that “it is in herb of the Sun, and in the sign Leo.” The sun is the source of the root, which the heart; and this herb is the best cordial, the greatest strengthener of the heart, of any that grows; it comforteth the heart, cureth all palpitation to the heart, take away trembling, aiming and smothering of the root, yet it must be taken carefully, or severe griping will ensue, which must be corrected with fennel seed or ginger. So much for this herb between which and the adder there is the utmost affinity so much so that the adder will not touch him that is the herb about him.” No change of diet ever necessary—eat the best you can get, and enough of it. Directions for Use. Adults, one table-spoonful per day; children over ten years, dessert-spoonful; children from five to eight years, teaspoonful. As no directions can be applicable to all constitutions, take sufficient to operate on the bowels twice a day. Manufactured by DONALD KENNEDY, 120 Warren street, Roxbury, Mass. Price $1. dawtt Hill's Mint Specific for Baldness and Falling Off of the Hair.—The following extracts from letters show what Hill's Mint Specific has done, and no one can presume to say that they are not a sufficient guarantee of what it will do: "It is with much satisfaction that I am enabled to certify, that before using the first bottle, the falling off of my wife's hair was entirely arrested, and all apprehension of baldness entirely removed." Worcester, March 15, 1859. GEO. SESSIONS. "For the last six months, I have had a good opportunity to observe the effects of different preparations for the hair, and to obtain the opinion of individuals using them; and from information thus obtained, I am satisfied that your 'Mint Specific' is the best remedy extant, for the growth and preservation of the hair." Boston, May 26, 1859. CHAS. H. BLANCHARD. "For a year my wife's hair had been falling off, and she was troubled with a severe eruption on her head, so that she was quite bald. Last month she commenced using your Mint Specific and with the use of one bottle her head is covered with hair, and it is soft, glossy, and natural. The eruption has entirely disappeared, and she has promise of a fine growth of healthy hair." Worcester, April 25, 1848. "Upon receiving a bottle of your Mint Specific, it looked so pure and nice I was induced to try it. I have used only part of a bottle, and find my hair not only assuming its former soft texture, but a luxuriance of growth with it had fallen off. Mrs. E. A. Babbit Worcester, April 25, 1848. "An acquaintance who had lost her hair, and for months was by my representation was induced to try, and with the exception of a few bottles, I was induced to try it. The result was a change of hair, which had fallen off. Mrs. E. A. Babbit Worcester, April 25, 1848. "An acquaintance who had lost her hair, and for months was by my representation was induced to try, and with the exception of a few bottles, I was induced to try it. The result was a change of hair, which had fallen off. Mrs. E. A. Babbit Worcester, April 25, 1848. "An acquaintance who had lost her hair, and for months was by my representation was induced to try, and with the exception of a few bottles, I was induced to try it. The result was a change of hair, which had fallen off. Mrs. E. A. Babbit Worcester, April 25, 1848. "An acquaintance who had lost her hair, and for months was by my representation was induced to try, and with the exception of a few bottles, I was induced to try it. The result was a change of hair, which had fallen off. Mrs. E. A. Babbit Worcester, April 25, 1848. A. PARKER. Having tried various kinds of hair, I have now on hand a large assortment of my hair, which has been carefully selected for my hair. I cordially recommend it as the best preparation I have ever found. for sale in Worcoater r all DruJgd-aJmi.nV by Chas Richardson .V Jo., Geo. c. Goodwin Iv, " Burr A- < 0.. B oeks A j. : .v ull Dru isw m tlie I lilted Statea and 1», ■»'WwJiO‘>"Bbt ) In mX2I J ' M prepared by b hmlng , iT g ’ " m “ •'•"Stonif. "hows the de mand wh . , thl. great ( „ Ilclno „„ creatnd w has been introduced: Bhoasauao; Tioga < r MarcF bLEamo Bros. - GanU,, : ln great of yA 8 h] " V ’i Tr our stuck. We should loci obliged by yo, forwarding, via Corning N Y., twenty dozen, with ul . r . iu ‘ \ u * “Hi,ou tlie reception of which we will remit you , money * From me wondeful el ts „ f „ s j neighborhood, there coul c sokl * ", ,n tllls »»♦.. w« i i i , . j annually a large quan tits, If to bo had, (W bold somc 1 agent. If you could com ISttle a for expense of vending, I tin ( wak(; u tage to do so. Y ours, res] tfully, i WM. M MALLORY, „ . Per W. E. Porter. rurchnsers will bo cure to ask i or DR. JI-LANE'S CELEB It A'l'b. 11 VERM If lE, nianulactared bv FIJ J|. ING BROS, of l ittsbarn All other Vermifuges In comparison are worthless. Sr. M'laine’s genuine Vorml fugi', also lus eelebrated Ll§- Bills, cun now 1.,- imam all respectable drug stonmuVone g ea m„e wUham tke kb FLEMING BROS. Ic' [3J For abeaatiftil Photogmifl call at For a bc*autlJ{rAmbrotvp mU I 187 Mnln Rtroct For a beaut *,* (mil ” 197 AlldU Btrect - For a beautiful Ambrosph Hlrect ’ Tlie“ Vulon Ah .'i 1 For a bcmuilul Sun I'ictm t any kind Lin at L ' 1 ’” 191 rcmitutlon. Their I'hotogru j nnu-ms I. , lk '“ iuventhm amt farsupcrlurto v oilii! known clo"" 1 } examine specimens. SB X b 1"" l!\\ bi s” 11 "' lll uul3 I’roprleu 'Union Art Gulh n'," _ J — " G Mass. aSWWRSBWS bl' has a lied lu Un- proa", 'in .''o , o, 1 ?' 1 lllc b la rlor linings. Bersons »laid lr it ia h .i, .' J 11 ",.'"; loconsult Ue wlllfum II ki I, ~ , proved atvlra of worklliansl 11. moat up Hu.tl, a use,l tor rxirai lino ten WIJ , .1? • . “I" A"" 1 Olllce at Ills reshlem-e 14 Belsti'ei't * ’ sVIv 1 ' . i-u m ts, the fertile siHir'ei J c prld SYRUP Htiinulates the liven'on. VIAN sum timis, lessens the evils of k.u !!’ T,o rmanee of its at the same time in a HtLim ?! ul1 ’ l ! , i 1 ' 1 t,IUM * H tH mii23 “«‘”‘®Mmid preventive mimncr. Dental Notice, the... All Rooms are at No. 239 Den having great interest in usury Voreester. He is Ji'iuil.int vto pain while we are in tending operations performed in her 1 ; “tberdon- manner, as usual. e I ‘and thorough vD. dtl C “d Mam.m et, Mer "lanm on band 7,r l ;,, 1 slmi't notice from the best.mA,? •""nil-rat silllMui'llon given 1 |U | Whl., and. niiru I mcliii Office hours from 2 to 4, umi h Worcester deoduwtfl' '’Va 81...'!.. | His elul attention given to business to Ntiry cyi me.— The subscriber will also visiting in a neat and accurate manner clmrue. The present season. 1?'". 1,1 miderate Front street, or at Ids residence No. b ap4 deodiiMHm il<»t» l E. BROOKH <4cocuv Nc«Mlo nH Fl. fjUU IN \\ Ult Knot N|'„ (hillhiu AND Burial t'HMe-Hiol Robes of evJ v dU* M<’talllo Band. Also the New Pathway Watch, which 7" 1 " will " H" on shines. Casket, of all Everything connected with the most comfortable to. No 4B Front street, Worcester, Mass. " rvrWonec on.

bpt6k485999d_3

French-PD-Newspapers

Open Culture

Public Domain

Journal des débats politiques et littéraires

None

French

Spoken

A/. Desc~ane~ &lt;; CAcr&amp;oi; M. Paul Deschanel, président de )a Chambre des députes, est arrive à Cherbourg, en automobile, avec sa famine. .Apres une nuit passée à l'hôtel, il est reparti mercredi matin pour excursionner dans la Hague et, de là, se rendre à Granville. 1 NAISSANCES Mme Pierre Saint-Girons, femme du capitaine au 172°, détache à l'administration de l'Alsace, a mis heureusement au monde un fils qui a reçu le nom do Jacques. MARJAGBS Prochainement seront rendues officielles les, fiançailles du prince Georges de Battenberg, fils de l'amiral et lieutenant/dans la marine anglaise, avec la comtesse Nadtdja Torby, seconde fille de S. A. I. le grand-duc Michel Michauovitch et de la comtesse Torby. –En l'église Saint-Louis de Rochefort, !e 26 avril, a été béni le mariage de M. Jean Arnould, médecin de 2' classe de la marine, décore de la Legion-d'Honneur, de la Croix de Guerre et de la médaille des épidémies, avec Mtle Divers, nlledu~colonel de l'infanterie coloniale. M. le chanoine Lemonniera prononcé une vibrante allocution. &lt;~ NÉCROLOGIE Mo)'/ att c/tomp d'o/M;t; Le lieutenant de chasseurs Mignaton est tombé glorieusement près de Verdun, à l'âge de vingt et un ans, le 30 mars KM. Blessé le 22 mars 1915 en enlevant une tranchée allemande a la tête d'un détachement de volontaires, il avait été cité à l'ordre du jour de l'armée et nommé chevalier de 1~ Lëgion-d'IIcnneur le 30 mars 1915: Nous apprenons la mort du comte Léonce de Terves, ancien député, ancien vice-président du Conseil général de Maine-et-Loire. Les obsèques auront lieu lundi 1" mai à onze heures très précises en l'église Saint-Honoré d'EyIau où l'on se réunira. Ni fleurs ni couronnes. Nous apprenons la mort de Mme H. Pdult.ier,,yeuya,du..conseiUer à Cour.'EUe était la mère, la. belle-mère et lagrand-mèrR de M. R. Poultier,.avocatàlajCour, de M. Louis Demain sou, archiviste honoraire de la viUe de Reims,~ .correspondant de l'Institut, et du soUs-Heutenant André de Bigault du Granrut. Les obsèques ont eu lieu .aujourd'hui à l'église Saint-~ StUpice. Il n'a été envoyé aucune invitation. r On annonce la mort de M. Alfred DeUlia, auteur dramatique et rédacteur au ~o/'o, qui a succombe à Us, a l'âge de soixante-douze ans. M. Delilia, au cours d'une longue earnère littéraire, écrivit et ut jouer plus de cinquante pièces a spectacles, revues ou levers de rideau. !1 fut successivement secrétaire des Folies-Dramatiques, du théâtre SarahBernhardt, du théâtre de la Gaité, de l'OpéraCpmique. Il collabora au T'in/etmarT'c, à l'eneynen/, au Vo/yai/'e, enfin au Figaro. C'était un journaliste avisé, un écrivain adroit et surtout un excellent confrère. H laisse une veuve, le professeur de chant bien connu, Mme Blanche-Marie Bouta) M. AmédéeValat, ingénieur principal de la Compagnie des Chemins de fer de l'Est; M. Albert Dupont, membre de la Chambre de commerce, chevalier do la Legion-d'Honneur; M.André Chicandard, architecte d'plomé prix de Rome de 1914. INFORMATIONS FINANCIÈRES Les arrangements négociés avec )a Banque d'Angleterre, en vue de faciJiter au commerce français ses règlements à l'étranger, sont définitivement conclus. L'amélioration sensible que l'annonce de ces négociations avait déjà provoquée sur Je marché des changes ne peut manquer de s'accentuer dans les prochaines séances. Tant que la personne disparue n'aura pas été portée comme décodée, en vertu de la décjaration, elle est considérée comme vivante. Le délai minimum pour le jugement de déclaration d'absence est d'un mois, mais les tribunaux pourront le prolonger jusqu'à un an. La déclaration devra être entendue par le procureur avant que soit rendu le jugement. Si )a personne disparue survit à la déclaration de décès, elte peut en provoquer l'annulation. DitTërents autres articles règlent minutieusement la procédure a suivre. Le Conseil fédéral a voulu permettre, par cette ordonnance~ de régler le p)us tôt possible les questions de succession des militaires présumés disparus, et de permettre à leurs veuves de contracter un nouveau mariage. Il n'a été amené à la rendre que parce que l'Allemagne a toujours pu être renseignée exactement sur les prisonniers que nous lui avons fait. Les journaux ont signalé à plusieurs reprises des cas de prisonniers français qui n'ont été autorisés à donner des nouvelles à leur familte que ptus d'un an après avoir été portés comme disparus. Si nous avions usé de la même rigueur,e Conseil fédéral aurait probablement hésité à publier s0&amp;' ordonnance. Un nouveau don de ta NouveMe.GaHes du Sud Les habitants de la Nouye!!e-Ga!!es du Sud et les membres de la colonie française de cet Etat, qui avaient déjà fait parvenir au Président de la République plus d'un million pour les populations éprouvées de nos territoires envahis, viennent d'adresser au chef de l'Etat une nouvelle somme de 312,565 fr., qui a été répartie selon les désirs des donateurs. M. Wise, agent général de la NouvelleGalles du Sud, venu à Paris pour prendre part aux travaux de la Conférence interparlementaire du commerce, a été présenté aujourd'hui au Président de la République, qui l'a chaleureusement remercié et félicité de l'inlassable générosité de ses compatriotes. NOUVEAUX COKHN6ENTS RUSSES A MARSEILLE Marseille, ie 28 avril. Ce matin est arrivé un nouveau contingent de troupes russes. Dès la première heure, eh vue de cette réception, deux escadrons du 6" hussards avec l'étendard, prirent position sur le môle D, garni peu à peu de curieux. t, Les troupes russes entrent dans le bassin National aux acclamations et aux vivats de la foule, et notamment des ouvriers des quais, qui suspendent momentanément leurs travaux pour applaudir les soldats du tsar. Ces derniers répondent par des bourras prolongés. A neuf heures, la musique des équipages de la flotte de Toulon joue l'hymne russe Les troupes présentent les armes, les soldats russes portent lajmain à la visière do leurs casquettes. La musique répond en exécutant la Af&lt;ï/-spi//aMe. ) Les soldats russes poussent des hourras prolongés, pendant que la foule, toujours pius nombreuse, applaudit et pousse des .vivats sans fin en l'honneur des Russes. Le général Menissier. accompagné du consul général de Russie, d-son état-major et des officiers anglais, salue au nom du rAd~r~ L'Opéra-Comique donnera, demain soir samedi, a sept heures et demie, ~'erMef~Mttes Lucy Arbett, Vauitier, MM~Léon Davio, Vaurs) ie spectacle se terminera par /.Mmt'ë;'e et ~apt&lt;~ons, le nouveau ballet en un acte de Louis Urgel, dansé par Mîtes Soma Pavtof, Uerny et tout le corps de ballet. A la matinée que ta Fédération des Sociétés de préparation militaire donnera samedi 29 avril, au Chatetet, a.u bénéfice exclusif de son hôpital auxiliaire n° 259 et de sa Caisse de secours des orphelins des membres et des instructeurs morts au champ d'honneur, ser~ représentée la ~ef;M des .E7o;M, trois actes méditsdo~), musique nouvetie et arrang.ée de MM. Marius Baggers et Emite Lassailly, avec les étoites de nos grands théâtres. C'est te 2 mai, dans t'apres-midi, que ser~t donnée à ta Comédie française )a matinée que les Messins de Paris ont organisée. Le Comité d'action est présidé par le général Florentin, grand-chancetier de la Légion-d'Honneur. H comprend parmi ses membres MM. Maurice Barrès, Lebrun, Marin, de Wendei, deputés les généraux Datstein, Fctdmann, Hcrmitte, de Lamothe, de Maud'huy, Pistor, Potinc, Putz et Thornassin, tous originaires de la Lorraine; MM.Adotphe Aderer, ie chanoine Cottin, Emile Fabre, colonel Deville, IIannaux, Gabriel Pierne, Oivier Sainsère.'ete. ~li! CtHema das A~OftueaH/es ~M6~r~-Pa/acc. Victorien Sardoù, de son vivant roi du théâtre, est après sa mort roi du cinéma. On s'en convaincra en applaudissant à FAubert-Pataee son ftim admirable f MarceUe n, chef-d'œuvre dramatique, transporte sur Fecran. De cette exctnsivite sensationne!)e, interprétée à merveiUe par Hesperia, ]e superbe etabiissement du boulevard des Italiens (juste en face du Crédit Lyonïiais) a fait te fond de son programme, auquel viennent s'ajouter &lt;. Miss Fatty en vacances comédie; Un Vol inexpttcaHe drame; « Les Voleurs du train poste 0, aventures; tous les films du front Une Reyue passée par te gênerai Gouraud Dans le haut Izonso n, front italien, et « Nouveautés-Journal faits divers. Séances permanentes de 2 heures à 11 heures. A Ti'foM-Ct'nf'ma. ff Va/Hance ~a/ti'e~ Les grands films se succèdent dans le bët etabhssement de la rue de )a Douane, qui ne dësempht pas malgré la chaleur printaniere Apr&amp;s Cabiria v'oici jjne exetùsivite extraordinaire: &lt;' yaiUajnce trahie interprétée par Franeesca Reftini, J'artiste si poputaire,'parfaite &lt;Iahs tes premiBrs rôles dramatiques. Le programme offre en outre aux bravos du pubiic enthousiaste «'vengez-moi, mon gendre ",avee Prince; "te Sous-Marin X-33 n, dernier épisode des .Mystères; ta Mégère apprivoisée comédie; «l'Avocat d'office drame toutes les vues du front, etc. Happetons que Tivoti-Cinéma, 14, rue de la Douane, donne tous les jours des matinées à deux heures et demie, avec le même programme que te soir. Location Téléphone Nord 26-44. BULLETtN COMMEROrAL L Marché aux fourrages l" choix. 2* chotx Patite de Ne. 54 à 58 50~53 Paille d'avoine. 51 a 54 48 à 50 Paille de seigte. 36 à 38 à 1 Luzerne. 80 à 86 75a':8Foin. 80 a 85 75a78 Regain de luzerne. 80 à 85 74 à 78 les 520 kilos, en bottes de 5 M)., franco dans Paris. Marché aux veaux 1 LaViKette.te 28 avrit. L'approvisionneJ ment du marché comprenait 123 veaux qui ont 1 été' tous vendus. Au kito de viande net on î tient te ki!o 1" quatité, 3 K); 2' qualité 2 GO' 3' qualité, 2 18: prix extrêmes, de 1 &lt;;t à 3 46. 1 AU poids vif on tient te Mto 1" quatité; 1 902-quaiité, 1 30; 3' qualité, 1 09; pnx extrêmes, 1 de 0 82 à 2 08. Marcha dos huiles (cote ofucietto) Huite de lin, 143 fr. 50. Hutte de colza, .fr. ( gouvernement. le commandant Diakolnef et !es officiprs de ce contingent. La musiqua joue la -et//&lt;!M('. Cette visite terminée, le débarquement commence et s'opÈre dans le même ordre que précédemment, pendant que la musique des équipages de la Hotte et la musique russe jouent alternativement diverses marches entraînantes aux applaudissements de la foule. Les Russes se rangent sur le quai, par compagnie, en ordre de bataille, face au &lt;]" hussards. Le général Menissier qu'accompagne le colonel Osnobichine, arrivé le matin mémo de Paris, et suivi des onieiers russes anglais et français, passe sur !e front des troupes russes pendant que la musique de la flotte joue !e C~a/~ du Départ et que la musique russe exécute ~a A~'M!7/a;'M. Les apptaudissements éclatent de .toutes s p,arts, des cris de « Vive la Russie o se iont entendre et les Russes poussent de' longs hourras. .~a revue terminée, le contingent russe gaa'n.eIeeanipAItrabeau. Pendant tout le trajet, les troupes russes sont acclamées par ia foule massée sur leur passage. Neuve! e~ndrement au MetropeHhMn Un nouvel effondrement vient de se produire au chantier du Métropoiitain où a eu heu l'incendie dont nous rendons compte plus haut. La circulation des tramways a été interrompue sur la boucle Pépiniëre-Haussmann. La Co/?/Mce /e/~cf/e/ne/~a/e du Co/n/neyce (De;M;&lt;;me Jou?'ee) Ce matin, !e conseit généra! de !a Conférence s'est réuni au palais du Luxembourg. Au cours de cette réunion, il a été décidé de proposer à la réunion plénière de 1&amp; Conférence de tenir à Rome, en octobre prochain, la troisième Conférence interparlementaire du commerce. Cet après-midi, à deux heures et demie, nouveHe séance plénière, au cours de laqueile les questions suivantes seront traitées Réduction de la taxe postale télégraphique, téléphonique; établissement d'un ta.fif minimum en faveur des Alliés. (M. Bouctot, député de la Seine-Inférieure.) Les conventions relatives aux transports internationaux de marchandises. (M. Sibiiïe, député de la Loire-Jaférieure.~ Création d'un Cifice international.des brevrets .(M.Maunoury,député d'Eure-et-Loire.) Création d'un brevet international entre aUiés. (M. Cruppi, député de la Haute-Ga ronne.) Le régime commercial des colonies des pays alliés. (M. Pau! Bluysen, député de l'fnde.) Conseit de )a Défense nationale Les membres du Conseil de la Défense nationale se sont réunis ce matin àl'Etysée sous la présidence de M. Raymond Poincaré. LE JOURNAL DES DÉBATS ESTVE~DU VE;IDU &lt; &lt;? ees!t:me9 d~M t~atte ttt JEfamee AVIS F!~MC!ERS AVIS AUX~ OBLIGATAIRES ~i'EmjjrMîRu8seCmûMe4%lM~ w 6'~Af/OA~ La Commission imperiate d'amortissement s Petro~rad avise. les porteurs d'0b)i!{ations d( tMmpt-unt Bu~se ConsoHdé 4 O/M 1880 6' &lt;m/ss;on. qui! sera procède, a dater du 14 mai prochain, a l'échange des tâtons d'Obligations non sorties aux tirages, contre de nouvelles feuiHes de ~coupons, pour une pet-iode df 15 années. La détivrance desdites feuilles ne pourra avoh lieu a Paris que torsquoies circonstances le permettait.. A partir du 1/14 novembre 1917, les taions deviendront uu)s et sans valeur et )es nouveHes t'euiHesde.coupons ne pourront être deiivrees que sur présentation des Obligations, même a Petrograd. AVÏS DIVERS Vient de paraître *W éme j 38~;on n ~~O~j édition r-r $~ i j.j~D~' j j par NAMEL PRÉVOST t~ttjtt t vol. in-tS 3 fr. 50 NtNtJ Pharmacie de Familte P~armccM famtMe JVy~ne TotteMe Hygiêne "e ~OMENOL Antiseptique idéal Cyc~o~~M~ J~n~e/Kre~, Ge/M~M. Dans toutes tes Pharmacies. –&lt;. Renseignements etéchantiDons: t7,rue Ambroise-Thomas, Paris. MORUE FRANÇAISE et -S.ÉC.MJSR~SS DE ~jÉC~~MP Le Conseit d'Administration, dans sa séance du 2 mars, a voté u l'unanimité le principe de ta dissolution anticipée de la Société. J~J'0~d V!C~Y ~f~ ~r~ay fot&lt;r :OKs ~enae:j7f:emen&lt;s, a'aa'resaer au _SYNDICAT D'tNtTXTtVE, VICHY ~jrM~ Les ~fBA~~ADB{7~~ sont ouverts. ttLU! l, PENSION AVEC CONFORT MAXfttUM. COURS DES CHANGES 28avn)I91Q Londres. 28281/2 a 28311/2 Espagne. 581. a 587. HoUande. 2471/2 a 25) 1/3 Italie. 92 1/2 à 941/2 New-York. 5S91/2 a 595 1,2 Portugal. 405 à 425 Petrograd. ]791/2 à 185 1/ 2 Suisse. 113 à 115 Danemark. 1761/2 &amp; 1801/2 buede.J77J.2 1 t81l/2 2 Norvège. 1771/2 à 1811,'2 Rio-de-Janeit'o,Ie27avn! Change sur Londres. H 13/:6 contre 11 3/4. LE ~77MZ. DES TROIS M/?/?~ Cet après-midi, à deux heures, a eu lieu au Troeadéro te festival des Trois Gardes, avec le concours de la Coldstream guards band, de la musique des carabiniers rovaux italiens et de la musique de la garde rëpuijticuine. Une fou)o énorme stationnait devant rentrée duTrocadcro et a acclamé à )eur passage les musiciens étrangers et français. Les hauts bonnets à pdit des Cotdstream guards, et tes petits $OLTR~E Le marché est très calme mais soutenu. Le 3 0/0 se tient à 63 et le 5 0/0 à 89. Les Fonds russes sont en reprise. Le Turc gague 40 centimes a 59 25, l'Extérieure espagnole 30 centimes à 94 40. Le Rio-Tioto est soutenu à 1,780. RENTES ET Preced" Dernier prat~" nxrn.e~ .mNTESETACTtOrtS MNDS ETRANGER; ~ucomptMt,. au comptant ~L' ~0/OperpêtuehJouissanceAvri. 63.. 63.. Argentin 4 0/0 t900. 7450 7450 &lt;0/Oamortssabie.16AvrH. 70 70 Egypte Dette unifiée. 90.. 8970 U)/2amortiss. &lt;6rev.! 9)25 9)25 Detteoriviiéaiee 75 en 50/Oiibéré.. 16F.V. 89)5 89.. Espagne ExM~e-6/0: 94 10 9440 iObiig.Ch.deferEtat40/0. 399.. 399.. )ta)ien3)/20/0 79 !Maroc40/0)9)4. 4M 50 4.0.. Japonais 40/0)905; 8483 M 35 !Obiig.Tun!siennes30/0)892. 32).. 32).. 50/0)907 9650 97 Tonkin 2 )/2 0/0. 6) 75 Russe cpnsot. 4 0/0(1" et2'seri'e')' 7050 mdo-Chine30/0)909. 33230/0)89) 59.. 5950 iaanquede France.4750 .4800.. 50~0~906 'Banqued'Aigérie. 27)5 .27)7:: 4)20/0)9oq 7~~ 50 Banque d'Algérle.i2715 2117 4 1;2 0(0 1909. 77 45 77 95 Banque de Paris et des Pays-Bas. 870 87u.. Dette ottomane unifiée 4 0/0 58 85 59 25 Compagnie aigerienne .))20 .t)20.. Ottomans Obi g. Consoiidëe~ 295 Comptoir national d'escompte. 728 .728.. Ob5 Douanes'" 290" GreditFoncierdeFrance. 680 680.. ")-uanes. ~nu. CréditLyonnais. )055 )05S.. OBUGATtONS Crëditmobiiier français. 335 335.. vme de Paris &lt;RR'; Sas SocietéGenerate. 490. ""eoe~ans )865. ~8.. 525.. Banquefrancaise. )80. I !875;4'0/d490:: 490:: Est 790 8CO '898 2 0/0. 3)0 Lyon-Méditerranée. )060..105u.. )9)2 3 0/0. 22650 22625 ~o'rd" 936 Foncières t879 3 0/0. 465 462 Nord. 1300 f0, 65., 462.. Ortéans. ))05..))00.. )8852600/0. 32925 330.. Ouest. 708 7t0 1695 2 80 OIO. 346 342 50 Ouest. 708.. 7)0.. ~903 3.°0~ 373:: 3~ 1903 3 0/0. 373 372 Transat)antique(ord.). )53.. )6).. )9)33)/2d/6 406.. 406.. Mëtropoiitatn. 443. Communates )8922600/d 33550 33550 Nord-Sud. )25.. )2) )8992600/0. 336.. 33250 501 Omnibus. 403.. 402 )90630/0. 363.. 363.. j Bbiëo. 80).. 805 ~9)230/0. )9550 )96.. Penarroya. )670..)667 Comp.ParfsienneDistrib.d'ëiectr. 396.. 39) ~st30/0. 34650 34650 50 Comp Parisienne Distrib deléctr. 396 39.1 Est 3 0/0 nouveau. 334 333 5; Suez. 4)70..4200 –3 0/0 nouveau. 334.. 33375 Raffinerie Sayford.). 4)5 4)5 Paris-Lyon 3 0/0 fusion. 33450 33450 Gazde Paris. 2)0. nouv. 33)50 33)50 &lt; juiui 3 0/0.. 339 3t') ~n UnionetPhenixespagno! 278. -3 0/0 nouveau. 33450 33450 BanqueduMexique. 3)8.. 3)8.. Nord5 0/0, série E. 45) 45) Banque ottomane. 444 50 44).. –4 0/0, série D.. 420" 420" Nord-Espagne 429.. 432.. -.3 0/0 nouveau. 35350 35350 Briansh. 342.. 338.. Orieans30/0.. 365SO ~Msn Rio-Tinto. )780.. 1780.. 3 00 nouveau: 3.50.. 350.? d 1. 7 0 2 1/2 OjO, ':325 325 Acieriesde ta marine. )780. Ouest 3~0/0~~°' EtabiiSsementsSchhetderetC". )937..)945.. 3 0/0 nouveau: 34956 350:' MARCHÉ EN BANQUE I. BOURSE DE LONDRES (27 avnl) Bahou. )405.. )403.. Cuartered" 3' M VALEURS =T fONDS prece&amp;ente j Bernier Cape Copper. 13t 124 VALEURS ,T FONDS I Précééente I Dernier Cro'~Mfnes; _ternat.onaux_cM~) c. Crowrr Mmes. 86 De Beers.Preference). 390.. 390.. Consolidé 2 1 (Ordinaire). 298.. 295. Ang)aisConsoitde2)/2. 57 3/16 57 )&lt;! EastRandProprietary. 2450 ~))ona!s4)/2t)"serie). 90)'4 90):4 Per~eiraDeep. 50. GreatEastern. 35)'2 '3534 Goidfieids. 3525 38 25 SouthEasternDef. 24)~4 24)/2 Hartmann. 378. Atchison. )0434 )05)'8 Jagersfontein. 80. Canadian Pacifie. )753/4 )75):2 Lena Goidffeids. 42 50 42 50 Sew-York Centrai. )053/4 )053~4 Lianosoff. 279. Pensyivania. 58)4: s~ts Maitzoff(nouveues). 5)5.. 54:: ~ading. 85 2 86)4 Ptatine. 438.. 440 Southern Pacifie. 99)/8 983~ Rand Mines. 99 UnionPacific. tgg )S6 Spassky. 5250 ~a" Russo-Asiatic. 5)/)f. f&lt;!)c SpiesPetroteum. M"" RoyaiDutch. sg~~ 5~ Spies Petroleum 2p Roya1 Dutch 55 1 r2 56 12 I Taganrog. 284. Sheii. 5~~ 5)/32 Tharsis. 147 50 146 METAUX (Comptant) TulaCuivre. Utah Copper,488 466 Etain 198 1,~4 196 3/4 ~ag~~ef: ~,6 50i1 ~~2 ~4~ e ~` t PUBLICATIONS RÉCENTES Le Salaire minimum des ouvrières à dcmicito (toi du ]0 uiii)et 191~).– Commentaire pratique, par .A ?*o;!ry'f&lt;;in-8.–Recueil Sirey. 3 fi'. Les Conditions de la Victoire (Ht Ministèr&lt; et Partcment, de septembre à un décembre), par C/w~s .VaM'yas; m-16. NouveUe 'Librai' rie nationale. Sfr.M. Pendant, la Guerre. L'Esprit satiriqu&lt;) (I En France) in-8 illustre.–Berger'Lev.rault. L 4fr. Prouesses allemandes, par ~1. C/)u&lt;/ue/ in~6. –Fontemoins. 3fr.50. Aux Heures lourdes, par Or&amp;M; in-16. Pion. ifi-. Aix-Je-s-JS~jtits. REE!N&amp; ŒÂND HOTEL BERNASC~N et V!LLA REG!NA de tout pren~ie~ ordre !'Bt)EMjn)!!EBESI!tEj!ï)!ES du 28 avril 1916 HM~VCA~ (8 h.).– Horace et Lydie. La Figurante. ODÉON (S h.).–L'Espionne. OP~RA.CO~OC/B (. )t.).Retuche. PORTE SA/JVr.~MARr/JV (. h.).– Re)ùche. OA/r~yR~OUJS (a h. 1/2). Le Contrôleur des Wagons-Lits. RB~V~/SSATVCB (8 h. 1/4). Une nuit de noces. ?'m~H"RB ANTOINE (8 h. 1/2). L'Homme qui assassina. t~H/.OE~jr~,E(8 h. 1/2). Maciste. L'Expédition sous-marine du capitaine WiUiamson. Ot~V~B (8 h. 5U). Le Hubicon. y~A~BSA~A~-BB~f~byc. u.). Hetache.. ~~R/~7~(8h. 1/4). Le Dindon. r~B RBJ~WB (. h.). Relâche. BOtypfBN.f~R~V~ (8 h. 1/4). Potaah etPerImuttet. PAZ,A/5.ROVA~. (8 h. 1/2). Le Petit Café. C~7'BZ~ (. it.). Re)uche. ~Ot/VB~tB/GU (. h.). Retâche. /t7'VBB (8 h. 1/2). Theodor et C' TRMA~OJV.L yR~Qt/B (8 h. 1/4). Mam'zeHf Nitouche. ~fO&lt;.Z,0 (8 h. 1/4). Madame Boniface. C~t/~V~ (. h.). Gtôture annueUe. D~JA~BT ? h. 1/2). Panachot gendarme. CAPt/C/A~S-S (8 h 1/2). Ça pousse, revue. Mon Amie fait du théâtre. Cinq minutes, s.v.p. p.. tHM~VD.OMO.iVOL (8 h. 3/4). Quart de ViUe de Paris. Atavisme. Pèche de Jeunesse. Le Document 528 V. Fécondité. CW~AtA&lt;fes~Ot/VB~~T'21,B~desltatien3. Tous les jours, de 2 h. à 11 h., actualités, programme varie. Orchestre symphonique. MVO~.C/A~MA. 14, rue de la Douane. Les plus beaux programmes. Actualités do )a guerre. Tous les jours à 2 h. 30 et à S heures. le ~erattt H. TERRIER. H. TERMER. Imprimerie du ./oM7'~ des Dg&amp;att 17, rue des Pretres-Saint-Germsun-rAuxorroi)). bicornes des carabiniers italiens incitaient la curiosité dupubhc. Après l'exécution par les trois tardes des itymnes nationaux, écoutes debout par l'assistance, un intermède, dont nous avons donné )e programme et où se sont fait entendre les principaux artistes des théâtres de Paris, a terminé cette fête. Le Président, de la République et Mme Raymond Poincarë, accompagnés du générât Uupargc, secrétaire générai de !a Présidence, du heutenarrt-co)onel Renault et du capitaine de frégate Portier assistaient a ce festiva!. Po's./e~S&lt;!uy&lt;7.

2021/62021CN0265/62021CN0265_MT.txt_1

Eurlex

Open Government

CC-By

None

None

Maltese

Spoken

C_2021263MT.01001001.xml 5.7.2021    MT Il-Ġurnal Uffiċjali tal-Unjoni Ewropea C 263/10 Talba għal deċiżjoni preliminari mressqa mill-cour d’appel de Bruxelles (Il-Belġju) fis-26 ta’ April 2021 – AB, AB-CD vs Z EF (Kawża C-265/21) (2021/C 263/14) Lingwa tal-kawża: il-Franċiż Qorti tar-rinviju Cour d’appel de Bruxelles Partijiet fil-kawża prinċipali Rikorrenti: AB, AB-CD Konvenut: Z EF Domandi preliminari 1) Il-kunċett ta’ “materji li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ xi kuntratt” fis-sens tal-Artikolu 5(1) tar-Regolament tal-Kunsill (KE) Nruo 44/2001 tat-22 ta’ Diċembru 2000 dwar ġurisdizzjoni u rikonoxximent u eżekuzzjoni ta’ sentenzi f’materji ċivili u kummerċjali (1) (iktar ’il quddiem ir-“Regolament Brussell I”: a. għandu jiġi interpretat bħala li jimponi li jiġi stabbilit obbligu ġuridiku b’kunsens mogħti liberament minn persuna fir-rigward ta’ persuna oħra u li fuqu tibbaża l-azzjoni tar-rikorrent u dan anki jekk l-obbligu ma jkunx b’kunsens mogħti liberament min-naħa tal-konvenut u/jew fir-rigward tar-rikorrent? b. fil-każ ta’ risposta pożittiva, liema għandu jkun il-livell ta’ konnessjoni bejn l-obbligu ġuridiku assunt liberament u r-rikorrent u/jew il-konvenut? 2) Il-kunċett ta’ “azzjoni” li fuqu “jibbaża ruħu” r-rikorrent jimplika, bħall-kriterju użat sabiex issir distinzjoni bejn azzjoni li taqa’ taħt il-materji li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ xi kuntratt fis-sens tal-Artikolu 5(1) tar-Regolament Brussell I jew il-“materji li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ tort, delitt jew kwasi delitt” fis-sens tal-Artikolu 5(3) tal-istess regolament (C-59/19, punt 32), li jiġi vverifikat jekk l-interpretazzjoni tal-obbligu ġuridiku assunt liberamet tidhirx indispensabbli sabiex tiġi evalwata l-bażi tal-azzjoni? 3) L-azzjoni ġudizzjarja li biha r-rikorrent ikollu l-intenzjoni jsostni li huwa l-proprjetarju ta’ oġġett li tiegħu għandu l-pussess billi jibbaża ruħu fuq kuntratt doppju ta’ bejgħ, l-ewwel wieħed li seħħ bejn il-koproprjetarju oriġinali ta’ dan l-oġġetti (il-konjuġi tal-konvenut, ukoll koproprejtarju oriġinali) mal-bejjiegħ tar-rikorrent, u t-tieni wieħed li seħħ bejn dawn tal-aħħar, taqa’ taħt il-materji li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ xi kuntratt fis-sens tal-Artikolu 5(1) tar-Regolament Brussell I? a. Ir-risposta tkun differenti jekk il-konvenut jinvoka l-fatt li l-ewwel kuntratt ma kienx kuntratt ta’ bejgħ iżda kuntratt ta’ depożitu? b. Jekk wieħed minn dawn l-eżempji jaqa’ taħt il-materji li għandhom x’jaqsmu ma’ xi kuntratt, liema kuntratt għandu jittieħed inkunsiderazzjoni sabiex jiġi ddeterminat l-post tal-obbligu li jservi ta’ bażi għal din it-talba? 4) L-Artikolu 4 tar-Regolament (KE) Nru 593/2008 tal-Parlament Ewropew u tal-Kunsill tas-17 ta’ Ġunju 2008 dwar il-liġi applikabbli għall-obbligazzjonijiet kuntrattwali (Ruma I) (2) għandu jiġi interpretat bħala li japplika fl-eżempju kopert fit-tielet domanda preliminari u, f’dak il-każ, għandu dan jittieħed inkunsiderazzjoni? (1)  ĠU Edizzjoni Speċjali bil-Malti, Kapitolu 19, Vol. 4, p. 42. (2)  ĠU 2008, L 177, p. 6 u rettifika fil-ĠU 2009, L 309, p. 87.

s3id13414730_45

English-PD

Open Culture

Public Domain

The new monthly magazine and literary journal. Volume 1, 1831.

The new monthly magazine and literary journal.

English

Spoken

Then there is a by no means insignificant body who will vote for the Bill with the hope that, through the means of a Reformed Parliament, they will succeed in carrying some darling hobby of their own into effect. “ Had we a reformed Parliament,” exclaims Lord Winchelsea, “ the detestable Popish Relief Bill would not have passed into a law ; in a reformed Parliament, therefore, there is a good chance of its being repealed, and for a reformed Parliament will I vote.” In the same spirit Earl Stanhope will vote for the Bill, because he persuades himself that, in a reformed Parliament, all damnable free-trade heresies would be scouted ; and the reputation of the late Mr. Huskisson and the political economists be at a discount. The evangelical party will also vote for the Bill, as a means of revolutionizing the bench of Bishops, and indeed the Church at large — that is of confining the Lords Spiritual to their clerical duties, (if they have any,) and of making the idle non-resident pluralist contribute a little of his superfluity to the support of the working clergymen, with whom, at present, it is short commons and primitive Christianity, in the regard of stipend. These, altogether, will make about sixty votes, to be added to one hundred and twenty, who will vote from mere motives of self-interest, which, again added to the bona-fide friends of the Bill, will, we take it, ensure a considerable majority. Of the Right Reverend bench we at present will not say more than that it is the sincerest wish of the bitterest foes of the Church of England that the Bishops may vote in a body against the Bill. m ( 520 ) SKETCHES OF THE SCOTTISH BAR, NO. II. Mr . Cockburn , Solicitor- General, It is not as a lawyer that this gentleman is distinguished. His constitutional indolence— -he was never known to be guilty of making an exertion which he could avoid— 4ias prevented him from becoming learned in his profession : and his mind is deficient in that subtlety, that power of seeing and following up the finest and most minute distinctions, which is the principal requisite in a successful jurist. Neither is he distinguished as an author. The few articles which he has contributed to the Edinburgh Review, although uniformly ap¬ posite and useful, have never attracted much notice after the purpose they were intended to serve had been achieved, nor are they con¬ nected in the public mind with his name. And yet there is scarcely a more marked and prominent individual at the Scottish bar. Mr. Cockburn’s family have for generations back been Tories and placemen. He himself started in life as the friend of Jeffrey, the participator of his opinions and principles, and he has remained true to his faith. We do not lay so much stress upon the mere virtue of consistency as many people do ; we think more honourably of human nature than to fancy it so rare and unattainable. Men are vacillating only in those matters to which they have paid little attention, or which are indifferent to them. When they attach themselves de¬ cidedly and with foreknowledge to a political party, more especially when their choice is determined by principle, so far from finding it a hard task to adhere to it with fidelity, the difficulty is to change. Pride and self-will dictate consistency, and these passions can only be turned aside in their course by the very strongest motives. But in Cockburn’s case there were peculiar difficulties to encounter. He is, to a proverb, the slave of that constitutional indolence to which we have already alluded — a kind of lazy bonhommie , or moral and in¬ tellectual Epicureanism- — which, while it has kept him comparatively a poor man, offers, on account of that callousness to the censure of others with which it arms its victim, a less efficacious defence against the temptations of ease and affluence, than men of more restless and rigid tempers are furnished with. That Cockburn should, with all the temptations to which his connexions and disposition exposed him, have preserved his faith unsullied, is no ordinary proof of a pure and well-principled mind. For one man who has deserted the good cause from evil or ambitious motives, there have been twenty seduced by indolence. Nevertheless we are inclined to suspect that our hero does not occupy that high place in the public estimation to which this rare virtue entitles him. The cause of this will be best explained by entering into a more detailed account of his characteristic peculi¬ arities, a mode of proceeding which promises at once to afford amuse¬ ment by presenting us with an original and interestingly constituted mind, and to do justice to a worthy man not generally understood. Cockburn’s mind is of that order which grasps the outline o^ a series of events rather than recognises the details. It is compre¬ hensive, not accurate. Individual facts leave slight impressions upon 521 Mr. Cockburn , Solicitor-General. it, but their united tendency is broadly marked. Our meaning may be thus illustrated. In searching into a case of evidence, some minds take all the facts separately, examine by what testimony each is supported, reject such as are insufficiently vouched for, and then, painfully and laboriously dovetailing the remainder into each other, form their conclusions. Cockburn listens to the evidence as it is delivered, allows his view of the facts to form itself as the story is developed piece-meal, and instead of going through the process we have detailed, jumps at once at his conclusion. He is thus less certain of drawing correct inferences, but his opinions are always plausible and self-consistent. They are the children of imagination, of the constructive faculty of the mind, not of ratiocination. They rest on a less secure basis than the results of sincere investigation, but they have a more palpable and tangible form, and take a firmer hold of the mind. There is probably some necessary connexion between this feature of his intellectual character, and the want of imagery, and of the play of wit, which we find in all his speeches and writings. There is emphasis, correctness, and beauty in all his discourses. His polished periods roll along, and the train of his argument advances equally. We experience high enjoyment and are carried along by him, but when we stop to reflect, we find no image or picture, beau¬ tiful or striking in itself, apart from all consideration of its appositeness, remaining in our memory. It was the sentiment alone which imbued his thoughts and breathed from out them, that subdued us to his will ; but this sentiment unallied to fancy is vague and formless. In like manner we find in none of his speeches playful sallies of wit, striking antithesis, or any of those coruscations which sparkle in every sentence of Jeffrey. Nothing breaks the smooth and oily current of Cockburn’s thought. He provokes our laughter indeed, but it is by strokes of rich sly humour, not by wit. When we attribute indolence to Cockburn, we do not mean any¬ thing like phlegma or dull stupid indifference. Perhaps there never existed a man with a finer flow of vivacious spirits. He is one of those happily constituted beings to whom merely to live, to breathe, is a strong delight. He is sensitively alive to all the beauties of external -nature. He takes pleasure in social intercourse. His jokes are unceasing, and the exuberance of his enjoyment not unfrequently finds vent in gambols and practical jokes. The same unctuous sen¬ timent which gives to his orations their alternating richness of pathos and humour, is diffused through his whole frame, and oozes out in all his actions. In thought and enjoyment, his vitality is intense ; but he is indolent in that he is incapable of application. He cannot task his uncurbed spirit to any labour in which he delights not, for the purpose of attaining any object, however desirable. He is over¬ informed with life, and the intense consciousness of the present deadens the anticipations of the future, and indisposes him to any exertions which have a prospective aim. The consequences of such an original constitution of mind are strikingly evinced in his public and his professional character. In re¬ gard to the first, it may not be unnecessary to premise, that there has ever been a marked difference between the English Whigs and the 522 Sketches of the Scottish Bar. school of politicians in Edinburgh to which the same title has been given. The former are essentially practical politicians ; the latter, with scarcely one exception, theoretical. The peculiar political con¬ stitution of Scotland has been the cause of this. The management of local, as well as of national public business, has hitherto been vested, in that country, exclusively in the hands of a few individuals. The consequence has been the same as has uniformly ensued in all countries where such an arrangement has obtained. The men of busi¬ ness have learned to regard their official situations rather as sources of emolument than as onerous and responsible employments. The great mass have learned to look on in silent apathy ; and the few whose more active and inquiring spirits prompt them to remonstrate against misrule, having no opportunity afforded them of acquiring a practical knowledge of the management of public business, have uni¬ formly been deficient in the ready tact and strong grasp which can only be learned in such a school. Some, with more perseverance and less softness of disposition than Cockburn, have been enabled to supply, in a measure, this deficiency; but his politics remain, to a great degree, those of a recluse. He is apt to disregard specific questions, and enforces pertinaciously broad and general principles, which are openly denied by few, and which, even when conceded, leave still a wide field of debatable ground. Laying too little stress upon individual measures, in which he himself takes no interest, and averse to exertion, he is ever ready to recommend and strike up a compromise with the opposite party. But the mass of the people cannot appreciate general principles, which, in their estimation, are mere words — a cheap and easy substitute for active exertion ; while, on the other hand, they feel the pressure of one wrong measure, above the influence of which Cockburn is placed by the sphere in which he moves. They doubt the sincerity of a man, who, making such large professions, shows so little active sympathy with them. And, in truth, though they wrong his motives by their suspicions, they are not much at fault in their appreciation of the practical re¬ sults. The deleterious tendency of his disposition is yet more markedly shown in his professional character. His really powerful talents, combined with his ready, pleasing, yet commanding elocution, entitled him to the highest success at the bar. He has, it is true, and we have already said as much, little of that precision and subtlety, which, more than any other qualites, facilitate the acquisition of legal know¬ ledge ; but a strong mind can always compensate these subordinate deficiencies, if it be but endowed with perseverance. This, however, was not his case. He felt tempted to supply anxious study of the bearings of his case, and the subtle distinctions of the law, which ap¬ plied to it, by eloquently enforcing such views as his fertile imagina¬ tion suggested to him. He entered upon a new case with all the ani¬ mation of his nature, but he tired of it long before it could be carried through all the tedious and winding steps prescribed by the court, and laboured assiduously to persuade his clients to compromise, after a long course of litigation, cases, the prosecution of which he had, at first, most vehemently recommended. Such a line of conduct, ob¬ stinately adhered to, naturally induced discontent. His knowledge I Mr. Cockburn, Solicitor-General. 523 / of law was first called in question, and next the warmth and sincerity of the interest he took in his client’s affairs. He is not a wealthy man ; and, as his business began to decline, he felt himself obliged to grasp more eagerly at what offered. But still he adhered to his old habits. In addition to these, which, it must be confessed, did some¬ what sully his original brightness, he acquired a fondness for the business of mediating, an employment not generally understood To be favourable to the preservation of a manly and straight-forward character. Thus, then, stood, perhaps we might say stands, his character with that portion of the public which has most influence over his fortunes. He is esteemed indolent and apathetic, addicted to society, as he is fitted to be its ornament and delight, but more because he seeks his own gratification, than that he is attracted by affection for any with whom he associates — a politician, capable of feeling and appreciating high principles, but too self-indulgent and shuffling to act up to them ; a half-bred lawyer, more anxious to secure the emoluments of his pro¬ fession than to discharge its duties ; a supple and plausible person, who would rather attain his journey’s end by the winding than the straight path, even when the latter was palpably the more advan¬ tageous of the two. Those, however, who have the most close and frequent opportunities of scanning, estimate him more highly and more justly. They know that he possesses fine and elevated senti¬ ments, inflexible rectitude, enduring friendship, and a vigorous mind. They regret, therefore, the more deeply, that his inveterate indo¬ lence, and an indifference to public opinion, engendered not by any undue callousness, but by an unhappy power of banishing all dis¬ agreeable impressions, should have exposed him to such misappre¬ hension. Despite the dimness which he has thus allowed to come over his bright qualities, like the scurf which gathers over silver when exposed to the atmosphere, he can, at any time, when he chooses to exert himself, resume his proper influence over the minds of men. There is an indestructible power in genius which even sloth cannot corrode. Let an impulse sufficiently strong to startle it from its slumbers be applied, and it will rouse from its apathy, and sway men to its will. In the Criminal and Jury Courts, in the General Assembly of the Scottish Church, at public meetings of all kinds, when the sympa¬ thetic enthusiasm of the moment, the excitation of obstacles which he feels he can beat down, or the seductive consciousness that he is uttering the sentiments of all his hearers in words of power, which will redouble their ardour, have kindled up his soul, then it is that you recognize the real Cockburn. In the examination of witnesses, one of the most important duties of an advocate, he is unrivalled. Jeffrey possesses a keenness of in¬ tellectual vision that detects at once any reluctance to utter the whole truth, and brings a moral rack to bear upon the mind of the shuffler, that never fails to squeeze the hidden matter out of him. He possesses also, in an eminent degree, the power of mystifying a witness, and rendering him incapable of saying what he wishes. In other respects he rises, in the performance of this duty, little above the level of other well-employed counsel. But Cockburn is master of the whole 524 Sketches of the Scottish Bar. art. He commences his interrogatories with an air of familiarity and kindness, which at once reconciles the most timid to their situation, emboldens them to tell their own plain story, rather encourages them to speak than puts interrogatories to them. The witness becomes, in some sort, an instrument in his master-hand, and utters only what he is made, by some unaccountable influence, to feel. By some intel¬ lectual freemasonry he is given to understand when he has said enough. On the other hand, should the witness be inclined to con¬ ceal or distort the truth, or state what is false, Cockburn leads him on with the appearance of the most bland conciliatory acquiescence to make one statement after another, until the liar is entangled in the web of his own deceit, and left in the view of all caught in the meshes of his own contradictions. Cockburn’s power is equally eminent in his address to a jury ; in that part of the argument which is virtually directed to the judge — in the legal department, he is scarcely so successful; but over the twelve good men and true he exercises absolute mastery. His figure is small, but not so sensibly so as Jeffrey’s ; neither is he so well formed as the Lord Advocate, whom we can never help regarding in the light of some superior intelligence imprisoned in a highly-finished mi¬ nikin pin. His features are fine — his eye large, lustrous, soft, and dark ; and his voice, which is rich, full, and sonorous, completely re¬ moves all feeling of littleness. His train of argument is in accord¬ ance to the organs through which he gives utterance to his thought. Boldly disregarding all minor or questionable pleas, he seizes upon one or two grand leading views. By his ample concessions he dis¬ arms suspicion, and by the completeness with which he brings the view of the case he chooses to take before his auditors, he confers a magnitude upon it that casts a dark shade over all other considera¬ tions. When he feels himself strong in facts, he states them plainly and explicitly, impressing you, from his rejection of ornament, with the solidity of the structure he is rearing. When he comes to a weak point, he glances it over with a jest, or distracts your attention by some pathetic stroke. His jests, as already remarked, are humorous and witty, and not always new ; but he enters so completely into their spirit, and delivers them with such an intensity of droll expression, that the veriest Joe Miller produces more effect from him than the most refined strokes of wit from another. His pathos, in like man¬ ner, is more of mere feeling than thought, and tells the better on that account, because, while his meaning is level to all capacities, his deep feeling is universally contagious. His enunciation is slow and em¬ phatic, marked with a strong Scotch accent, and, another characteris¬ tic of Scotch orators, a swelling inflection of his sentences, approach¬ ing to an undulating monotony. We cannot say that there is any¬ thing very profound or original in his orations, but there is a strong practical, comprehensive grasp of his subject — a play of fine feeling diffused over its whole management — a music and emphasis in his de¬ livery, that, taken altogether, render him, notwithstanding his pro¬ vincialism, the most effective and, at the same time, most pleasing speaker we have ever heard. But it is not to his eloquence alone that he owes his power over the minds of men ; his excellent discernment enabling him to see what 525 Mr. Cockburn , Solicitor-General. themes he may safely urge, and what are dangerous — his boldness and promptitude in adopting expedients, qualify him eminently for the leader of a popular assembly. It is here that his ready humour stands him most in stead — even the stern Bench is not safe from his fascinations. On one occasion, the counsel opposed to him in some case complained that Mr. Cockburn’s client had not obeyed an order of the Court, that he should vacate some house or shop. Cockburn rose immediately : — “ It is undoubtedly true, my Lords, that my cli¬ ent has not obeyed your Lordships’ injunction to quit the premises in question (here the Lord Justice Clerk drew himself up, and began to look grave and portentous), because, my Lords, he never was within them.” The Bench relaxed into a smile, and listened with unwonted urbanity to the long argument into which he afterwards entered. It is his occasional exhibitions of power, and the great fact, that al¬ though a scion of an influential house, he has been proof to every al¬ lurement of place and pension, has stood firm to his principles, that have retained Cockburn in the confidence of his party. They know that, with all his real and affected apathy, he is theirs ; that the firm ground will as soon shrink from beneath their feet, as he from their side. They know, that in him they possess a champion of redoubted powers, and that when his assistance is needed, they have a spell which can, at any time, conjure up the wild devil within him. He is unfitted for routine drudgery, or for permanent command, by his indolence ; but he is a sort of knight Paladin, upon whom the general may call with confi¬ dence whenever any enterprise is to be achieved “ beyond the mark of others.” It was this conviction that led his own profession and the country at large, to sanction with their approbation the arrangement which, upon the last change of Ministry, raised him to a situation among the members of the bar second only to that held by his friend Jeffrey. In short, the public feeling towards Cockburn is not unlike that which one entertains for a woman who has more the manner than the reality of a coquette : she frets and teazes us, and we would, at times, gladly suspect her, but cannot. One short passage will serve as a not inappropriate termination to this sketch. It is customary that the lawyers appointed to fill the situations of Lord Advocate and Solicitor-General for Scotland, should take the oaths of office, and assume their gowns in open court, when new officers stand within the enclosure between the bar and the bench reserved for themselves and the clerks of court. The whole fifteen judges are assembled, there is a numerous attendance of the faculty, the law agents, and the public. On the occasion when Jef¬ frey and Cockburn underwent this ceremony, the deportment of both was characteristic. The former stood stiffly and bolt upright, his head shooting upwards, as if it had taken a final farewell of his body. Cockburn stood with an air of apathy, like an indifferent spectator, who had got within the bar by mistake. ( 5-26 ) SOLILOQUY OF AN EX-MEMBER. “ Go to — peace, Mouldy ! — you shall go, Mouldy ; it is time you were spent.” — 2 d Part of Henry IF. I once was a happy man ! — My provincial man of business, the keeper of the records of my estate, — used to assure me I was a great man ; and the comely rector of my parish, especially about Whitsun¬ tide or during the venison season, has often plainly hinted to me that I was a good man. What have I done to be upbraided by an uproarious population? — what sin have I committed — what folly ad¬ ventured — to be opprobriated by thrice three thousand souls with the title of an “ old fool,” and an “ old rogue ?” — Oh ! fatal hustings of Grumbleberry ! — What a revolution have your revelations effected in my soul ! — What a subversion have they wrought in all my views and all my feelings ! — After living for sixty-four years as a respectable member of society, I find myself for the first time “ written down an ass,” — and not written down M. P. for the county of * * * * What was the Reform Bill to me ? — An independent man, an in¬ dependent member, — boroughless, — placeless, — younger-sonless, — even my nephews are well provided for, and my very butler is desti¬ tute of progeny. No clerkships ever waited on my solicitation, — my name is unknown at the Horse Guards, — ■ and the Lords of the Admiralty are unmolested by kindred of mine. No acts for turning roads, building bridges, or digging canals on my estate, were ever smuggled through Parliament, under cloak of my influence. I never sought a baronetcy or a dinner at Apsley House ; never angled for loaves in Downing-street, or fishes in the Virginia Water ; — as I said before, I was an independent member, and an independent man. I was born and bred a Tory ; — my family politics have descended to me with my family estates, and I should consider it just as heinous to forswear one, as to mortgage the other. I have long been accus¬ tomed to have my health drunk with three-times-three at all the Corporation dinners of the county, and at the Billy Pitt com¬ memorations all over the kingdom. For forty years past our county Chronicle has unremittingly designated me as “ our worthy mem¬ ber,” — “ our esteemed member,” — and ever since I left off powder and exhibited my unsophisticated gray head as, — “ our venerable mem¬ ber.” The bells were wont to ring for my incomings and outgoings ; when I stopped at a country inn, boots and the ostler extended their horny fists to shake hands with me as they would have done with each other, or some scion of royalty ; — I led a life of praise, and popu¬ larity, and parliament.: “ I remember,” said Pope Benedict XIV. on learning that the Archbishop of Paris was exiled in consequence of a Bull which had been manufactured for him at Rome, and imposed on his acceptance ; “ I remember when I was Legate at Bologna, it was the fashion of the inhabitants to dispute concerning the superiority of Tasso or Ariosto ; and in a fierce duel occasioned by one of these squabbles, a young nobleman was killed. ‘ Alas !’ cried the victim in his dying moments, 4 what had I to do with the merits of Tasso or Ariosto ; I who cannot Soliloquy of an Ex-Member. 527 read, and am but an ass.’ Such is the destiny of the Archbishop of Paris.” And such the fate of my unhappy self! — “ A plague of both their Houses!” — Whigs and Tories, — Wellingtonians, or Althorpians ! I thought my seat for the county as much my own as my seat in the county. >1 looked upon the people as “ my goods, my chattels, my horse, my ass, my every thing — visited their gaols, tasted samples of their prison-bread ; — built tread-mills for them ; — subscribed to peni¬ tentiaries, infirmaries, and lunatic asylums ; — took pity on their hard winters and rainy harvests ; — begged off their convicts from capital punishment, by dancing attendance at the Home Office ; and condemned my daughters to capital punishment, by making it the office of their home department to dance contra-dances with the booby sons of their Squires ! All this martyrdom I endured and dispensed in the service of an ungrateful county ; — expended my pounds and pati¬ ence, — suffered my preserves to be depopulated, my ponds to be netted, my fences to be broken down by the county sportsmen, — and all to be called “ an old rogue,” and an “ old fool,” for opposing a Re¬ form Bill, which is to me as much a matter of indifference as my carpenter’s ! Oh, ye Ijlrumbleberryans ! how hard have I laboured to obtain your applause ! — listened to your own long stories, and told you mine ; stood sponsor for your babes and sucklings, — security, or even bail, for your sons and bucklings, — watched over the common-weal of your com¬ mon-land, — redeemed your heaths from inclosure, and your pecca¬ dilloes from exposure ! — Yet on the hustings of your own particular city, did ye pour upon my unoffending head showers of missiles ex¬ ceeding those of a Vesuvian eruption; and torrents of invectives, such as proclaimed the coinage of the piscatory purlieus of London- bridge. <t rience no rest on the March of Intellect : — there shall still be cakes and ale, — but the cakes shall be gingerbread alphabets, and the ale shall be an aliment of learning ; — the songs at your merry-makings shall be as the Song of Solomon ; — and ye shall be wise in spite of your (wisdom) teeth ! But wherefore do I admonish you ; why yearn over your follies and their retribution ? — Ye have cast me off, — stoned me with your stones, — devoted me to ejection by your votes ! — In spite of my redundant canvass, I have been forced to take in sail ; — and lo ! in my old age I am scuttled on a lee shore. Heaven knows it was not the Reform Bill I cared to oppose, for I knew how it would strengthen my party. But had I deserted the cause of Torydom in its utmost need, and degenerated from the political obstinacy of my forefathers, — ye would have called me rat, — ye would have called me coward, apostate, Iscariot ! — and are not those severer titles of reprobation than an “ old fool,” and an “ old rogue ?” Alas ! alas ! — what prospects of ruin and extermination lie before the devoted squirearchy of this ancient kingdom ! — The tallow- chandler is lugged from his melting vocation, — the brewer from his vat, — the iron-master from his rods, — to grease the wheels of state, — to produce a fermentation among the people, — and flagellate with their irony the discomfited members whose sedentary habits have prevailed for the last half-century ! The country presents at this moment the aspect of a fried whiting, whose head and tail, — the King and Commons, — are joined in unnatural combination. But it is the central portion of the fish which is foredoomed to the jaws of destruction ; it is the middle which will be offered as a sacrifice to the gluttony of the lawless and rapacious multitude ! And what will be the ragged aspect of that head and tail when bereaved of the connecting body ? — Think upon this, ye Muddleberryans ! — think upon it and tremble ! But I forbear ! — Although you lapidated my old age, and pelted me with eggs of most unmeritorious flavour ; — although you no longer hail my travelling carriage “ with pealing steeples and with loud huzzas — although you called me an “ old fool,” and an •“ old rogue,” I forgive the silence of your chimes, and the volubility of your vituperation ; — I pardon your jactancy and petulance, and myopy. Already in my mind's eye I behold my once-loved and now conquered county, writhing in the chains of her imaginary freedom, and feeding with her substance the Hydra-head of a monster of her own creation. I see the tallow-chandlers, and iron-masters, and brewers, sitting as a jury over her felo-de-se , while the fatal word Reform is inscribed as a solitary epitaph on her dishonoured grave. “ Shadows foretell the truth of the substance. The weak lament — the wicked laugh — the Devil wins.” — Aphorisms. By John Magnetus. In the wilder part of Cornwall lived, towards the earlier part of the last century, a beautiful girl, whom I will here call by the name of Clara Tregothick. She was an orphan ; but her fortune had been left to her on the sole condition of marrying with the consent of her uncle, a man of an ambitious and scheming temper. This fortune was such as, had Clara been as old and hideous as she was young and lovely, would have brought to her feet half the proudest gal¬ lants of Cornwall. Among her numerous suitors, two were, however, especially favoured above the rest : their names were Bayntun and Vavasour. The former had won already the consent of the uncle ; the latter had only paid successful court to the bright eyes of the beautiful niece. Bayntun was the heir to high but impoverished rank. Accustomed to the intrigues of cities, a wily and deceitful habit of mind made his chief characteristic : deep, shrewd, self-interested, he seldom engaged in any pursuit without bringing to it all the arts of experience and address, or without foreseeing the exact chances for and against him. It had thus been observed of him, that he was always fortunate in whatever he undertook. He was so — Prudence and Energy united command Fortune. In his early years he had been a daring and suc¬ cessful libertine. Approaching now towards the confines of middle age, the interests of the world had become to him more powerful than its pleasures : there is a lustre in gold that lasts longer undimmed by time, than the smile of women or the sparkle of the wine-cup. Fear¬ ful of sinking into that equivocal and despised state — rank, without the means to support it, he had, for some time, looked abroad for a wealthy marriage. He had prepared himself to disregard youth and beauty : but he found them both united in the object of his choice ; for that object was Clara Tregothick. She did not, it is true, regard him with much favour : once, she had actually refused him. But Sir Frederic Tregothick, her uncle, had pledged himself that the cour¬ tier's addresses should ultimately succeed ; and Bayntun, having once remarked the character of Clara, gave full credence to the assertion. She was, indeed, of a singularly soft and timid nature ; nor did there appear any sacrifice which a consistent violence might not extort from her. Tregothick was deep in the petty cabals which, at that time, constituted politics. Step by step he was feeling his way on¬ ward to public honours ; and he saw, in the alliance of Bayntun — a man destined to one of the oldest of the English Earldoms, and connected with some of the most powerful families in the State — a rapid and certain method of attaining his objects, which should not, he re¬ solved, at whatever risk, be neglected. Living with his niece, who was barely eighteen, he had, the instant the young man’s designs were apparent, forbidden Vavasour access to the house. In spite of this prohibition, the lovers met, however, often, though in se¬ cret. Vavasour was an only son. His father had died many years •since, and he resided with his mother, a bedridden and infirm woman, June. — VOL. XXXI. NO. CXXVI. 2 M 530 The Forewarning. in one of those mouldering and ancient residences common in that part of England; the dilapidations of which his rent-roll did not suffer him to repair. He was a man of generous dispositions, but haughty and fierce in temper : his early poverty, and an ambition constantly crossed and baffled, had given a dark and menacing shade to the brighter qualities of his character. Somewhat of this might be easily discernible in his bearing and aspect ; and, though he was small and spare of person, there was that in his dark eyes, his proud forehead, and an air at once shy and imperious, which testified those angrier and more vindictive properties of nature that prudent men will not willingly arouse. Be this as it may, he could, at least, be softened ; and he loved Clara with a fervour, a depth, and a passion, of which she, in returning his affection, could not even dream. There was a retired and remote spot at one end of the wide chase which surrounded Clara’s abode, in which the lovers were accustomed to meet : hither Vavasour, who resided several miles distant, would ride, on a black horse, whose speed and beauty are yet traditionally preserved ; and, tying his steed within a thick wood, at a little dis¬ tance, proceed to the trysting spot. It was a deep and rugged glen, surrounded by old trees, chiefly pollards, and overrun with fern, which grew in that place with a peculiar and rank luxuriance. None ever disturbed them in this place of rendezvous ; — even the deer seemed to shun it. No path was within nearly a mile of its vicinity, and the neighbouring peasants attached to the glen some ghostly fable, which tended yet farther to preserve its wonted solitude. It was broad noon, in July, when, one day, after an absence of more than ordinary duration, they had again met. The transport that Vavasour evinced heightened the spirit of Clara from its usual fearfulness ; and her lover, perceiving his advantage, did not neglect to press it. “ My beloved Clara,” said he, as her head leaned upon his bosom, a let me prove to the world the sincerity of my love. If you marry without your uncle’s consent, you will lose your fortune. Can you, dearest, consent to the sacrifice? Show that you love me beyond these calculations, and let us fly. I do not conceal from you my poverty ; but, at least, I have quite sufficient to support us. I offer you an honourable name, a peaceful obscurity, and a heart that will seek to recompense you for every thing you will have bartered for its love : — speak, dearest!” “ Indeed, indeed,” said Clara, sighing heavily, “ it is much better to wait. My uncle must be conquered by our constant attachment — by my own dejection and unhappiness. Let us wait. Consider, dear Walter, it is but a few months since we have loved ; and my uncle has, perhaps, a right to appeal to time.” “ Name him not,” said Vavasour fiercely ; “ he has had no right to contemn the alliance of one equal to himself in birth, with the rude¬ ness and disdain that he has evinced to me. But for your sake, I had — but no matter. What I would say,, Clara, is this — every one sees your uncle’s partiality to Henry Bayntun ; every one believes that that ruined profligate will ultimately marry you. Do, Clara, have pity upon me. I do not mistrust you — I will not — I cannot ; — but if, when I hear this said, and see Bayntun every day received at your house, consort¬ ing with you, riding with you, boasting of his favour — if I feel dis- 531 The Forewarning. tracted and maddened, can you wonder, or can you blame me ? Re¬ lease me, Clara, from these fears and this agony, so inseparable from my present situation. Come with me away from them all _ come.” “ Nay, nay,” said Clara, “ you know your power — this is ungene¬ rous !” & “ Can you,” muttered the lover, struck with her refusal, “ can you (it is natuial prefer your fortune, these lands, yonder mansion, to my love ? if so, speak openly, and at once' — I will bless you, and depart.” J “ You are more to me than all !” said Clara, tenderly. “ Then fly !” J Clara wept, and did not answer. So bold a step seemed, to her young fancy, unmaidenly, and exposed to a thousand interpretations, which she recoiled from encountering. At length, a compromise was made ; and it was agreed, that Clara should communicate with her uncle once more, and should firmly assure him, that if he persisted in withholding his consent, she should conceive herself compelled, in justice to the disinterested suit of Vavasour, to submit to all sacrifice, and many without an approbation, which she could not forfeit hap¬ piness to obtain. Vv ith this they parted. The singular will which bequeathed her property to Clara, had de¬ creed the estates, if forfeited by her marriage without Sir Frederick Ti egothick s consent, to a distant relative ; so that in neither case was the uncle benefited by his niece s conduct. It was this which gave to both the lovers some hope that he might, at length, be persuaded to withdraw an opposition, unavailing at all hazards, and in no event advantageous to himself. That very evening, Clara summoned cou- lage, and represented to her guardian all that she had promised Va- vasoui to attempt. He was astonished by the firm and desperate tone she assumed — for she had been deeply wrought upon by Vava- - soui s i emonsti ances ; and, fresh from his exhortation, she displayed a courage and decision wholly contrary to her character. Love makes miiacles though, alas ! they are brief ones ! Sir Frederick at first attempted the imposing and severe manner he had hitherto found successful with his niece. Convinced, at last, of its failure at the present time, he dissembled his chagrin, and observing, with a constrained kindness in his tone, that he must give the subject ma- tuie consideration, that he was actuated solely by the desire of his niece s happiness and what he knew must have been the wishes of his brother, he left the apartment.

https://github.com/Sandhyarani1/Test1/blob/master/src/test/java/com/accuweather/glacier/www/CitySatellite/Test_CitySatellite.java

Github Open Source

Open Source

BSD-4-Clause

Test1

Sandhyarani1

Java

Code

package com.accuweather.glacier.www.CitySatellite; import java.awt.AWTException; import org.testng.Assert; import org.testng.annotations.Test; import com.accuweather.glacier.www.AccuWeatherBaseTest; import com.accuweather.glacier.www.pages.CitySatellitePage; import com.accuweather.glacier.www.pages.ForeCastWeatherPage; import com.accuweather.glacier.www.pages.LandingPage; import com.accuweather.glacier.www.pages.NavigationBar; import com.chameleon.selenium.web.WebPageLoaded; public class Test_CitySatellite extends AccuWeatherBaseTest { private LandingPage landingpage = new LandingPage(); private ForeCastWeatherPage forecastpage = new ForeCastWeatherPage(); private CitySatellitePage citysatellite = new CitySatellitePage(); private NavigationBar navBar = new NavigationBar(); String defaultWindowid; String actualmapboxtitle; String expectedmapboxtitle = "Mapbox"; @Test(priority = 1) public void isSatelliteTabDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Tab enabled by default" ); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(forecastpage.isSatelliteTabDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 2) public void isSatelliteTabEnabled() throws AWTException,InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Tab enabled by default" ); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(forecastpage.isSatelliteTabEnabled()); } @Test(priority = 3) public void isEnhancedTabDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Tab enabled by default" ); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.isSatelliteTabEnabled(); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isEnhancedTabDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 4) public void isEnhancedTabEnabled() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Tab enabled by default" ); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.isSatelliteTabEnabled(); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isEnhancedTabEnabled()); } @Test(priority = 5) public void isStandardTabDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Tab enabled by default" ); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isStandardTabDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 6) public void isVisibleTabDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Tab enabled by default" ); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isVisibleTabDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 7) public void isWaterVaporTabDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Tab enabled by default" ); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isWaterVaporTabDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 8) public void isEnhancedHeaderDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Header Displayed"); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isEnhancedHeaderDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 9) public void isEnhancedZoomInDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Header Displayed"); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isEnhancedZoomInDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 10) public void isEnhancedZoomOutDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Header Displayed"); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isEnhancedZoomOutDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 11) public void isEnhancedMapBoxDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Header Displayed"); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertTrue(citysatellite.isEnhancedMapBoxDisplayed()); } @Test(priority = 12) public void isMapBoxPageDisplayed() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Header Displayed"); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); citysatellite.clickOnEnhancedMapBoxIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); defaultWindowid = getDriver().getWindowHandle(); navBar.switchToPopUpWindow(defaultWindowid); actualmapboxtitle = getDriver().getTitle(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); Assert.assertEquals(actualmapboxtitle,expectedmapboxtitle); } @Test(priority = 13) public void isZoomInControlClickable() throws AWTException, InterruptedException { testStart("Is Enhanced Header Displayed"); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(2000); navBar.hoverOnMoreMenu(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.clickTopNavStartSearchIcon(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); navBar.satelliteCitylocationSearch(); navBar.enterlocationSearch(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); forecastpage.clickOnSatelliteTab(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(3000); citysatellite.clickOnEnhancedZoomInControl(); waitUntilElementIsDisplayedOrClickable(); WebPageLoaded.isDomComplete(5000); } }

https://nl.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolf%20M.%20Zinkernagel

Wikipedia

Open Web

CC-By-SA

Rolf M. Zinkernagel

https://nl.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Rolf M. Zinkernagel&action=history

Dutch

Spoken

Rolf Martin Zinkernagel (Riehen, 6 januari 1944) is een Zwitsers immunoloog, en professor experimentele immunologie aan de Universiteit Zürich. In 1995 won hij samen met Peter C. Doherty de Nobelprijs voor de Fysiologie of Geneeskunde. Biografie Zinkernagel haalde in 1970 zijn Doctor of Medicine aan de Universiteit van Bazel, en in 1975 zijn Ph.D. aan de Australian National University. Aan de John Curtin School of Medical Research deed hij samen met Doherty het onderzoek dat hen de Nobelprijs zou opleveren door begin jaren zeventig antwoord te geven op de vraag hoe het lichaam virus geïnfecteerde cellen herkent. Ze ontdekten dat het immuunsysteem cellen die zijn geïnfecteerd door een virus worden herkend door T-cellen middels twee moleculen op het oppervlak van de cel: een van het virus-antigen, en een van het major histocompatibility complex (MHC). Het MHC-gen was in de jaren vijftig reeds geïdentificeerd omdat het medeverantwoordelijk was voor afstotingsreacties bij orgaantransplantaties. Aan hun samenwerking kwam kort daarna een einde – Zinkernagel vertrok naar het Scripps Clinic Research Institute in La Jolla in de Verenigde Staten. Hier deed hij onderzoek naar de zwezerik en de rol die dit orgaan speelt in het auto-immuunsysteem. Eind 1979 keerde hij terug naar Zwitserland waar hij de positie van universitair hoofddocent aannam aan de Universiteit Zürich, gevolgd door een hoogleraarschap experimentele pathologie in 1982 en vanaf 1992 als hoogleraar experimentele immunologie. Gedurende zijn periode in Zürich kregen hij en Doherty meer en meer internationale erkenning voor hun eerdere pionierswerk. Naast de Nobelprijs won Zinkernagel in de Cloëtte Prize (1981), de Ernst Jung-Preis für Medizin (1982) en in 1995 de Albert Lasker Award for Basic Medical Research. In 1999 werd hij benoemd tot Companion in de Orde van Australië, Australië hoogste civiele eerbetoon voor zijn wetenschappelijke werk met Doherty. Externe links Nobel Prize Autobiography Zwitsers hoogleraar Zwitsers immunoloog Winnaar van de Nobelprijs voor Fysiologie of Geneeskunde 20e-eeuws medicus