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+GZY8RQVFHAk-00000-00000466-00001645 [Applause]
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00001-00001646-00001967 [Music]
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00002-00001968-00002334 on may 6 1998 rookie pitcher carrie wood
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00003-00002335-00002534 went to the mound for his fifth career
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00004-00002535-00002815 start after two hours and 19 minutes
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00005-00002816-00003015 wood pitched one of the greatest games
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00006-00003016-00003279 in baseball history he allowed only one
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00007-00003279-00003551 hit and threw 20 strikeouts tied for the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00008-00003552-00003743 most strikeouts ever thrown in a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00009-00003744-00003959 9-inning game if those stats weren't
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00010-00003960-00004143 crazy enough let's take a look at
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00011-00004144-00004399 something called game score originally
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00012-00004400-00004711 developed by bill james in the 1980s and
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00013-00004712-00005022 updated in 2014 by fellow sabermatrician
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00014-00005023-00005286 tom tango gamescore seeks to judge a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00015-00005287-00005511 pitcher's effectiveness in a single game
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00016-00005512-00005735 this is done by using a scale between 0
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00017-00005736-00006015 and 100 with rare performances going
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00018-00006016-00006318 above 100 a game score of 50 is an
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00019-00006319-00006510 average pitching performance and most
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00020-00006511-00006823 game scores end up between 40 and 60.
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00021-00006823-00007031 here are the formulas for both versions
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00022-00007031-00007239 of game score pause the video if you
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00023-00007240-00007455 want to read the whole thing so knowing
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00024-00007456-00007655 this let's check out some examples
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00025-00007656-00007919 between the seven no hitters in 2021
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00026-00007920-00008110 that were accomplished by only one
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00027-00008111-00008342 pitcher while they all had tango game
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00028-00008343-00008663 scores over 100 none of them had a james
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00029-00008664-00008927 game score of 100 which illustrates the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00030-00008928-00009142 differences between the two metrics in
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00031-00009143-00009495 fact throughout mlb history only 16 nine
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00032-00009496-00009710 inning pitching performances have had a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00033-00009711-00009974 james game score of at least
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00034-00009975-00010199 carrie wood's 20 strikeout game is at
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00035-00010200-00010463 the top of this list however earlier
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00036-00010464-00010687 this month a 20 year old japanese
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00037-00010688-00010910 pitcher by the name of roki sasaki
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00038-00010911-00011135 pitched one of the greatest games in
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00039-00011136-00011414 baseball history in fact not only did
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00040-00011415-00011606 his performance receive a game score
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00041-00011607-00011903 over 100 it's the highest nine inning
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00042-00011904-00012231 game score ever oh and one more thing
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00043-00012232-00012535 this was a perfect game before we move
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00044-00012536-00012703 on i want to thank the sponsor of
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00045-00012704-00012958 today's video see geek live events are
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00046-00012959-00013207 back and most importantly baseball is
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00047-00013208-00013430 back that means you can get 20 off
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00048-00013431-00013647 tickets at sea geek with promo code
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00049-00013647-00013871 storm if you don't know what sea geek is
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00050-00013872-00014047 it's a ticketing app that makes buying
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00051-00014047-00014286 tickets super simple it's an app i've
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00052-00014287-00014479 used in the past and i'll definitely be
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00053-00014480-00014647 using it for this upcoming baseball
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00054-00014647-00014863 season besides baseball there's a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00055-00014863-00015030 plethora of different events you can
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00056-00015031-00015311 choose from there's basketball football
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00057-00015312-00015671 hockey soccer concerts festivals and
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00058-00015672-00015886 much more and sea geek wants to make
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00059-00015887-00016071 sure you're getting a good deal so when
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00060-00016072-00016222 you're on the app make sure you're
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00061-00016223-00016486 looking for the green dots green means
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00062-00016487-00016686 you're getting a good deal you see a red
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00063-00016687-00016903 dot that's not a good deal and don't
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00064-00016904-00017094 worry i got you because when you use the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00065-00017095-00017399 code storm you get 20 off your first
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00066-00017400-00017686 purchase again that's 20 off your first
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00067-00017687-00017911 purchase by using the code storm click
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00068-00017912-00018094 the link in the description and download
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00069-00018095-00018550 the seek app today on july 26th 2019 la
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00070-00018551-00018830 times columnist dylan hernandez wrote an
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00071-00018831-00019039 article on a japanese teenager who was
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00072-00019040-00019303 being compared to shohei ohtani at the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00073-00019304-00019511 time 17 year old high school pitcher
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00074-00019512-00019799 roki sasaki was taking part in his last
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00075-00019800-00019967 high school baseball tournament as he
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00076-00019968-00020175 was preparing to take the next step in
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00077-00020176-00020503 his baseball future like ohtani udarvish
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00078-00020504-00020758 and you say kikuchi sasaki played high
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00079-00020759-00021007 school baseball in the tohoku region of
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00080-00021008-00021271 japan unfortunately this was also the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00081-00021272-00021471 region where the 2011 japanese
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00082-00021472-00021743 earthquake and tsunami took place at the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00083-00021744-00021999 age of nine sasaki lost his father and
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00084-00022000-00022239 grandparents to these tragic events the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00085-00022240-00022422 family house was swept away by the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00086-00022423-00022711 tsunami as well leading to sasaki his
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00087-00022712-00022935 mother and two brothers to move away
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00088-00022936-00023127 from the coastal town they lived in to
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00089-00023128-00023375 the town of ofunado it was here where
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00090-00023376-00023622 sasaki fell in love with baseball as it
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00091-00023623-00023839 gave him an outlet to focus on during
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00092-00023840-00024103 those troubling times later he emerged
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00093-00024104-00024319 as a national level middle school player
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00094-00024320-00024527 and received many offers to play for
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00095-00024528-00024711 powerhouse high schools across the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00096-00024712-00024958 country but sasaki chose to stay in
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00097-00024959-00025150 ofunado and play for the local high
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00098-00025151-00025358 school because he was able to dedicate
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00099-00025359-00025575 himself to baseball due to the support
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00100-00025576-00025846 he received from the people in ofinado
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00101-00025847-00026078 in his first high school season he was
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00102-00026079-00026414 throwing at 147 kilometers per hour or
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00103-00026416-00026662 around 91 miles per hour during his
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00104-00026663-00026927 senior year sasaki unofficially threw a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00105-00026927-00027058 pitch at
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00106-00027060-00027502 163 kilometers per hour or over 101
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00107-00027504-00027718 miles per hour the official high school
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00108-00027719-00027958 senior record is held by shohei otani
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00109-00027960-00028167 who threw a pitch at
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00110-00028168-00028470 kilometers per hour or 99 miles per hour
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00111-00028472-00028718 sasaki's pitch was an unofficial record
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00112-00028719-00028895 because it was tracked by a scout's
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00113-00028895-00029135 radar gun in a training camp rather than
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00114-00029136-00029367 an official game however not too long
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00115-00029368-00029670 after sasaki tied otani's record in an
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00116-00029672-00029887 official game also in a game that was
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00117-00029888-00030231 attended by both npb and mlb scouts
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00118-00030232-00030558 sasaki threw six no hit innings with 13
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00119-00030560-00030807 strikeouts quite the impressive showing
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00120-00030808-00031095 then in late 2019 sasaki announced his
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00121-00031095-00031279 intentions to become a pro baseball
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00122-00031280-00031599 player and entered the npb draft just a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00123-00031600-00031774 quick recap on how the first round of
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00124-00031775-00032062 the npb draft works all 12 teams can
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00125-00032063-00032270 pick whoever they want and if multiple
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00126-00032272-00032502 teams pick the same player each team
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00127-00032503-00032727 picks an envelope out of the box and one
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00128-00032727-00032959 of these cards grants the draft rights
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00129-00032960-00033327 to one team so in the 2019 draft sasaki
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00130-00033328-00033599 was drafted by four teams which made him
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00131-00033600-00033783 the most sought after player in the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00132-00033784-00034079 draft the chiba lotte marines won his
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00133-00034080-00034343 draft rights sasaki was such a hyped up
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00134-00034344-00034559 prospect that his first public bullpen
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00135-00034560-00034751 session is now the second most viewed
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00136-00034752-00034974 video on the team's youtube channel he
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00137-00034975-00035271 didn't pitch in 2020 but in 2021 he
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00138-00035272-00035471 played for lotte's major league and
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00139-00035472-00035711 minor league teams performing very well
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00140-00035712-00035983 at both levels so how did he start the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00141-00035984-00036339 2022 season by throwing a pitch over
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00142-00036340-00036783 164 kilometers per hour roughly 102
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00143-00036784-00037055 miles per hour in fact sasaki's four
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00144-00037056-00037327 seam fastball has averaged around 99
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00145-00037328-00037679 miles per hour in 2021 only one mlb
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00146-00037680-00037887 starter averaged a four-seam fastball
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00147-00037888-00038183 velocity of at least 99 miles per hour
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00148-00038184-00038495 that pitcher was jacob degrom remember
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00149-00038496-00038823 sasaki is only 20 years old well a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00150-00038824-00039087 couple weeks later on april 10th sasaki
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00151-00039088-00039279 started a game that became one of the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00152-00039280-00039543 greatest pitching performances ever
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00153-00039544-00039727 after a couple ground outs to start the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00154-00039728-00039990 game sasaki struck out the final batter
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00155-00039991-00040190 of the first standing with a nasty
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00156-00040191-00040502 splitter a pitchy threw for nearly 92
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00157-00040503-00040774 miles per hour do you know how many mlb
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00158-00040775-00040958 starting pitchers through a splitter
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00159-00040959-00041223 with an average velocity of 92 miles per
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00160-00041224-00041551 hour no one no one even crossed the 90
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00161-00041552-00041774 miles per hour threshold the only ones
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00162-00041775-00042079 who could were relievers jury's familia
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00163-00042080-00042399 and hirokazu sawamura however with all
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00164-00042400-00042702 due respect these guys couldn't do what
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00165-00042703-00042951 sasaki did after he struck out the final
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00166-00042952-00043174 hitter of the first inning sasaki struck
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00167-00043175-00043487 out the next 12 batters he faced with a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00168-00043488-00043751 mixture of 100 miles per hour fastballs
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00169-00043752-00044030 and low 90s splitters sasaki set a new
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00170-00044031-00044295 npb record by striking out 13
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00171-00044296-00044567 consecutive batters also if this outing
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00172-00044568-00044855 occurred in mlb this would also be a new
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00173-00044856-00045007 record as the most consecutive
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00174-00045008-00045318 strikeouts by an mlb pitcher is 10.
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00175-00045319-00045535 funny enough i don't think sasaki's best
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00176-00045536-00045799 strikeout of the game was in this streak
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00177-00045800-00046118 it was his 14th strikeout of the game i
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00178-00046119-00046295 can't say i've ever seen a player end up
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00179-00046296-00046535 on the ground in the way this player did
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00180-00046536-00046774 interestingly the very next at bat was
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00181-00046775-00047030 arguably the most crucial of the game as
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00182-00047031-00047286 it was the first three ball count sasaki
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00183-00047287-00047502 gave up luckily the batter hit it to
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00184-00047503-00047767 center field for a flyout and to end the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00185-00047768-00048023 seventh inning sasaki confirmed how good
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00186-00048024-00048343 he is by throwing a 101 miles per hour
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00187-00048344-00048639 fastball for the strikeout again this
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00188-00048640-00048879 was the seventh inning then in the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00189-00048880-00049151 eighth inning he struck out every single
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00190-00049152-00049371 batter with a splitter
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00191-00049372-00049655 unbelievable now for the biggest ninth
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00192-00049656-00049886 inning of sasaki's young professional
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00193-00049887-00050183 career first batter ground out the third
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00194-00050184-00050358 second batter ground out to the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00195-00050359-00050471 shortstop
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00196-00050472-00051096 one out to go
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00197-00051097-00051840 [Music]
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00198-00051841-00052214 [Music]
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00199-00052215-00052438 these two guys right here 20 year old
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00200-00052439-00052735 roki sasaki and 18 year old catcher ko
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00201-00052736-00053007 matsukawa just achieved something
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00202-00053008-00053303 incredible not only was this the first
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00203-00053304-00053687 npp perfect game since 1994 not only did
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00204-00053688-00053871 he tie the npb record for most
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00205-00053872-00054071 strikeouts in a game this was
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00206-00054072-00054399 accomplished with only 105 pitches
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00207-00054400-00054663 looking at mlb history only 6 perfect
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00208-00054664-00054935 games have been accomplished with 105 or
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00209-00054936-00055182 less pitches however the highest number
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00210-00055183-00055503 of strikeouts thrown was 10. sasaki
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00211-00055504-00055847 threw 19. not only has an mlb perfect
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00212-00055848-00056111 game never had 19 or more strikeouts
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00213-00056112-00056407 since 1901 no pitching performance has
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00214-00056408-00056759 ever had 19 or more strikeouts with 105
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00215-00056760-00057007 or less pitches being thrown the best i
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00216-00057008-00057215 could find was corey kluber's 18
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00217-00057216-00057375 strikeout performance against the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00218-00057376-00057679 cardinals in 2015. one year removed from
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00219-00057679-00057975 his first saiyong award even then the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00220-00057976-00058271 game scores aren't even close also let's
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00221-00058272-00058415 consider the league environment
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00222-00058416-00058742 differences npb is much more contact
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00223-00058744-00058975 oriented which can be seen with a lower
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00224-00058976-00059223 slugging percentage strikeout rate and a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00225-00059224-00059463 higher batting average so the fact
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00226-00059464-00059791 sasaki struck out 19 of 27 batters and
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00227-00059791-00060066 didn't allow a single base runner in a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00228-00060067-00060335 contact-oriented league is absolutely
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00229-00060336-00060606 insane one of those batters was dh
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00230-00060607-00060959 masataka yoshida he struck out only 26
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00231-00060960-00061311 times in 2021 during this game he struck
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00232-00061312-00061582 out three times center fielder shuhei
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00233-00061583-00061838 fukada said this was the first time he
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00234-00061839-00062079 had ever struck out in three consecutive
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00235-00062079-00062447 at-bats absolutely incredible and sasaki
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00236-00062448-00062615 couldn't have been more humble about it
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00237-00062616-00062854 in his post-game interview sasaki gave
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00238-00062855-00063054 all the credit to his catcher ko
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00239-00063055-00063350 matsukawa saying he placed his trust in
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00240-00063351-00063671 matsukawa until the end now the only
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00241-00063672-00064030 question left will we see sasaki in mlb
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00242-00064032-00064326 anytime soon well don't hold your breath
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00243-00064327-00064542 sasaki is 20 years old and he's
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00244-00064544-00064750 currently in his third season of service
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00245-00064751-00065023 time if sasaki wants to forgo the entire
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00246-00065024-00065279 process of being posted by his team and
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00247-00065279-00065471 leave at his own will he needs to
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00248-00065472-00065719 accumulate 9 years of professional
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00249-00065720-00066079 experience which is in 2028 however in
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00250-00066080-00066279 order to be posted by his team and
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00251-00066280-00066519 receive a large contract a scenario
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00252-00066520-00066815 where mlb teams have a period of only 30
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00253-00066816-00067126 days to sign sasaki he needs to be 25
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00254-00067127-00067399 years old and have at least six years of
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00255-00067400-00067694 pro-service time in that scenario sasaki
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00256-00067695-00068079 is eligible in 2027 as he will be 25 in
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00257-00068080-00068350 five years the only scenario where he
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00258-00068351-00068638 sees mlb action sooner is if he goes the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00259-00068639-00068879 shoheiotani route a scenario where a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00260-00068880-00069167 player under 25 years old asks to be
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00261-00069168-00069399 posted by his team but can only earn
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00262-00069400-00069647 money from an mlb team's international
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00263-00069648-00069919 bonus pool ohtani left a lot of money on
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00264-00069920-00070126 the table and took a great risk by
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00265-00070127-00070343 leaving japan so early into his pro
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00266-00070344-00070559 career but he's exceeded all
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00267-00070560-00070838 expectations however ohtani is an
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00268-00070839-00071079 anomaly and i don't expect sasaki to do
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00269-00071080-00071311 the same maybe the implementation of an
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00270-00071312-00071582 international draft changes things but
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00271-00071583-00071806 my uninformed opinion is that he
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00272-00071807-00072015 continues to stay in japan for the next
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00273-00072016-00072287 five or so years and joins an mlb team
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00274-00072288-00072567 in his mid to late 20s while i selfishly
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00275-00072568-00072806 want sasaki to come over to mlb as soon
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00276-00072807-00073023 as possible it's likely in his best
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00277-00073024-00073247 interest to stay in his home country for
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00278-00073248-00073423 the time being i don't know about you
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00279-00073424-00073655 but i'm rooting for sasaki wherever he
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00280-00073656-00073879 ends up not just because of his talent
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00281-00073880-00074167 but his resilience as well he's endured
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00282-00074168-00074399 a lot of hardship in his young life
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00283-00074400-00074606 things i couldn't imagine enduring as a
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00284-00074607-00074879 young kid to go from that situation to
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00285-00074880-00075111 the man he is today is absolutely
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00286-00075112-00075438 remarkable all the best to sasaki if you
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00287-00075439-00075599 want to learn more about this perfect
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00288-00075600-00075838 game check out this video from yaku
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00289-00075839-00076079 cosmopolitan it goes deeper into the
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00290-00076080-00076279 analytics from someone who has lots of
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00291-00076280-00076479 knowledge on japanese baseball so go
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00292-00076480-00076647 check it out alright i hope you guys
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00293-00076648-00076823 enjoyed the video leave a like if you
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00294-00076824-00077087 did and subscribe for more content just
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00295-00077088-00077677 like this thanks for watching
+GZY8RQVFHAk-00296-00077678-00077989 [Music]
+GaOsLdHig7c-00000-00000000-00000326 Vanakkam nominally Bank of Islam YouTube
+GaOsLdHig7c-00001-00000327-00000559 channel Google a on board over a very
+GaOsLdHig7c-00002-00000560-00000782 keen brain you know repair Nam big a
+GaOsLdHig7c-00003-00000783-00001169 cannon in the channel vara varam tinkle
+GaOsLdHig7c-00004-00001170-00001457 column a boo-boo do video available team
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00006-00001830-00002062 the meta panting a piece of Perham
+GaOsLdHig7c-00007-00002063-00002542 mingle in Peru the visa vendôme odd oku
+GaOsLdHig7c-00008-00002543-00002813 a bunch a year Politico in the salmon
+GaOsLdHig7c-00009-00002814-00003043 directly he's a terrific article in the
+GaOsLdHig7c-00010-00003044-00003263 video Nina Philippa drunk appear salam
+GaOsLdHig7c-00011-00003264-00003490 youtube channel subscribe on it again
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00013-00003753-00003977 symbol up opinion and the bell symbol
+GaOsLdHig7c-00014-00003978-00004256 and click pan arena scream your whatsapp
+GaOsLdHig7c-00015-00004257-00004445 number 3 on the other core message and
+GaOsLdHig7c-00016-00004446-00004727 opener dynamo buy a new litter call girl
+GaOsLdHig7c-00017-00004728-00004972 or a phone call and the serum uncle
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00019-00005321-00005684 paired with Chad Mottola moogly decal
+GaOsLdHig7c-00020-00005685-00005788 vehicle today
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00022-00006192-00006383 home decor varoom are at the core today
+GaOsLdHig7c-00023-00006384-00006683 Madonna Anglican Giga are at the
+GaOsLdHig7c-00024-00006684-00007042 Emporium quarterly matanda via Santa
+GaOsLdHig7c-00025-00007043-00007321 Carla telepathically Matunga
+GaOsLdHig7c-00026-00007322-00007619 here under the cap release an egg lizard
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00029-00008331-00008614 Cindy dragana Matunga mula mala a la mia
+GaOsLdHig7c-00030-00008615-00008891 moglie the corrected in DK club now in
+GaOsLdHig7c-00031-00008892-00009044 the Vela kubera you know the only
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00037-00010446-00010631 pondering which Kremlin customer nor
+GaOsLdHig7c-00038-00010632-00010981 trelaina will go bleep okay parenchyma
+GaOsLdHig7c-00039-00010982-00011303 I'm gonna put it on Giga ohm kerygma
+GaOsLdHig7c-00040-00011304-00011695 candy pileup anyway yep ooh me I'm a
+GaOsLdHig7c-00041-00011696-00011873 good character de la meme at Algoma
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00043-00011946-00012194 have another that the mala moving
+GaOsLdHig7c-00044-00012195-00012420 zodavia Martin Lee namaste you know that
+GaOsLdHig7c-00045-00012421-00012706 would've in Sona par Nevada be MA - ma
+GaOsLdHig7c-00046-00012707-00012980 have didn't get that meet similar era la
+GaOsLdHig7c-00047-00012981-00013265 mano de líneas am una hora saw at the
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00052-00014184-00014462 Caterham article a PC I want volcano
+GaOsLdHig7c-00053-00014463-00014777 room at the airport or doom una vida he
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00065-00017544-00017777 a long live who do come he put it past
+GaOsLdHig7c-00066-00017778-00017969 alone Martin Gomorrah Mota
+GaOsLdHig7c-00067-00017970-00018203 I don't like a calico pocketed yen away
+GaOsLdHig7c-00068-00018204-00018440 mood in Jericho ninja matambi moody
+GaOsLdHig7c-00069-00018441-00018719 singer ninguém ottoman era para cada vez
+GaOsLdHig7c-00070-00018720-00018998 en bois de la entrada Google telecom
+GaOsLdHig7c-00071-00018999-00019295 para Benjamin de galicia cool chameleons
+GaOsLdHig7c-00072-00019296-00019499 a flow channels are the flow
+GaOsLdHig7c-00073-00019500-00019814 catalytically flow recurring alerted the
+GaOsLdHig7c-00074-00019815-00020066 moolah mother indicated that Anglican
+GaOsLdHig7c-00075-00020067-00020339 takunda circa medium in a way moving
+GaOsLdHig7c-00076-00020340-00020642 Jericho matambi what do we sing Mack
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00078-00020898-00020984 recommen
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00083-00021891-00022225 non Mon adhara pure Cody we say King
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00085-00022626-00022844 in green up dinner come on top ado
+GaOsLdHig7c-00086-00022845-00023135 banana in the car to go to monitor
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+GaOsLdHig7c-00089-00023694-00023984 Provenza theorem cellular tomb being a
+GaOsLdHig7c-00090-00023985-00024164 care to that para bang Geum we're able
+GaOsLdHig7c-00091-00024165-00024446 to go to cut - you know Domino man the
+GaOsLdHig7c-00092-00024447-00024722 Volta columnar wanna borrow a bunch it
+GaOsLdHig7c-00093-00024723-00024992 in coral room reason kid coma I'm dinner
+GaOsLdHig7c-00094-00024993-00025139 over video now upload paneer Annette
+GaOsLdHig7c-00095-00025140-00025421 Raber patenting it never put it in
+GaOsLdHig7c-00096-00025422-00025613 tuning a loop through Coomer part
+GaOsLdHig7c-00097-00025614-00025750 already comin to bother you for anything
+GaOsLdHig7c-00098-00025751-00025945 yet uncle her neighbor to come you know
+GaOsLdHig7c-00099-00025947-00026144 Amon Amarth an enduring a rumba rumba
+GaOsLdHig7c-00100-00026145-00026393 rumba rumba non-dream screen lure Watts
+GaOsLdHig7c-00101-00026394-00026573 up number three you are the Guru message
+GaOsLdHig7c-00102-00026574-00026672 and opener
+GaOsLdHig7c-00103-00026673-00026891 dynamo by in omelette a goggle moonglade
+GaOsLdHig7c-00104-00026892-00027241 Amanda serum Ruben and ringy wanna come
+GaOsLdHig7c-00105-00027242-00029494 [Music]
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00000-00000143-00000467 hi my lovelies and welcome to this five
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00001-00000468-00000821 days uh free uh Workshop in this
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00002-00000822-00001091 Workshop I'm going to teach you how to
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00003-00001092-00001445 actually heal your hormones naturally
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00004-00001446-00001751 and in these five days you are going to
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00005-00001752-00002087 know the things you are doing and the
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00006-00002088-00002315 things that are contributing to your
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00007-00002316-00002531 hormonal imbalance but don't feel bad
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00008-00002532-00002687 about it because sometimes we do things
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00009-00002688-00002992 without even knowing it and it's very
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00010-00002993-00003281 silly to actually beat yourself up for
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00011-00003282-00003551 doing things you don't know what was
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00012-00003552-00003936 harmful so don't feel bad this Workshop
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00013-00003937-00004403 has to only one aim which is to show you
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00014-00004404-00004799 how to do things better because we can't
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00015-00004800-00004979 change things if we are not aware of
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00016-00004980-00005206 them okay so this is just awareness it's
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00017-00005207-00005422 not slapping you telling you you're a
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00018-00005423-00005620 bad bad bad person because I used to do
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00019-00005621-00005915 those mistakes by myself even very
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00020-00005916-00006215 recently when I develop an eczema on my
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00021-00006216-00006545 uh hands because doing it so you are not
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00022-00006545-00006839 alone we all do that and just we have to
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00023-00006840-00007013 come together and spread the knowledge
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00024-00007014-00007217 because the unfortunately doctors are
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00025-00007218-00007625 not going to tell us so the first thing
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00026-00007626-00007825 that is messing up with your hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00027-00007826-00008291 massively massively is living
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00028-00008292-00008657 with a constant fight with your natural
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00029-00008658-00008813 rhythms
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00030-00008814-00009131 and what are the natural rhythms not
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00031-00009132-00009455 many girls knows and I don't know why
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00032-00009456-00009773 this is not a common knowledge why we're
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00033-00009774-00010103 not teaching this in school why mothers
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00034-00010104-00010331 are not teaching this to their daughters
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00035-00010332-00010649 I've got no idea I discovered that I
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00036-00010650-00011038 have infrarian rhythm in my 20s I think
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00037-00011039-00011278 I was 25 when I discovered that
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00038-00011279-00011542 so if you never heard about infinity and
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00039-00011543-00011753 Rhythm You Are Not Alone
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00040-00011754-00011974 you are not a long sister
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00041-00011975-00012227 so the men have only circadian rhythm
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00042-00012228-00012451 and I'm gonna going to explain to you
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00043-00012452-00012778 what are those rhythms and what is the
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00044-00012779-00013102 difference between them okay so Circa is
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00045-00013103-00013463 mean Circle and Dia means day so this is
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00046-00013463-00013655 our 24 hours
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00047-00013656-00013733 um
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00048-00013734-00014111 Rhythm and we have it and also men have
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00049-00014112-00014447 it but we women also have infrasion
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00050-00014447-00014807 rhythm infra it's mean Beyond so beyond
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00051-00014808-00015277 this 24 hours a rhythm we women have our
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00052-00015278-00015551 menstrual cycle rhythm
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00053-00015552-00015815 and unfortunately this word is created
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00054-00015816-00016138 for men and I'm going to explain to you
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00055-00016140-00016349 why and it's all gonna make sense I
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00056-00016350-00016577 promise to you okay
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00057-00016578-00017039 so men are producing testosterone 24 7
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00058-00017040-00017369 in their testicles but estrogen and
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00059-00017370-00017597 progesterone are released on different
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00060-00017598-00017980 time of the cycle that's why it's so
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00061-00017981-00018503 important to live in peace with our
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00062-00018504-00018875 cycle and never go against it okay very
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00063-00018876-00019133 very important so what is the woman
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00064-00019134-00019367 female cycle we've got menstrual phase
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00065-00019368-00019643 when obviously we are on our period
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00066-00019644-00020039 we've got follicular phase just after
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00067-00020040-00020308 our period then we've got ovulatory
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00068-00020309-00020603 phase where we are ovulating and literal
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00069-00020604-00020933 space and those who signed up for my
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00070-00020934-00021089 biohacking and let me choices online
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00071-00021090-00021322 course you know already all about it
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00072-00021323-00021658 because I go deep in how to sing and how
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00073-00021659-00022157 to eat in every part of the face and
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00074-00022158-00022385 which kind of exercise to do so you know
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00075-00022386-00022558 all about it but for those girls who
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00076-00022559-00022777 don't no
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00077-00022778-00023050 I'm going to explain a little bit
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00078-00023051-00023428 further just now okay so the infinity
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00079-00023429-00023986 Rhythm creates 25 change in our brain
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00080-00023987-00024544 chemistry and it's responsible for so
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00081-00024545-00024900 many things so many things for example
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00082-00024901-00025289 metabolism speeds up and down depending
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00083-00025290-00025744 on which part of the cycle we have so in
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00084-00025745-00026087 our ovulatory phase we gonna have a very
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00085-00026088-00026327 Speedy metabolism that's mean if you
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00086-00026327-00026627 want to do intermittent fasting or if
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00087-00026627-00026812 you want to do the keto this is the best
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00088-00026813-00027173 time to do it and it's okay with your
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00089-00027174-00027455 hormones but your metabolism will slow
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00090-00027456-00027707 down when you're close to your period so
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00091-00027708-00027929 if you're going on the diet at this
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00092-00027930-00028114 specific moment
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00093-00028116-00028301 you're gonna mess up your hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00094-00028302-00028481 you're really gonna mess up your
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00095-00028482-00028799 hormones because this is the time of the
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00096-00028800-00029039 month when your body will store the fat
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00097-00029039-00029374 just in case eventual pregnancy this is
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00098-00029375-00029746 so important man can do for example keto
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00099-00029747-00029920 all the time there is no difference for
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00100-00029922-00030199 men but we we are more sensitive okay
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00101-00030200-00030467 cortisol level also goes up and down
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00102-00030468-00030712 depending on which parts of the cycle
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00103-00030713-00031073 you are so intensive workout spikes
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00104-00031074-00031367 cortisol level disturbing your hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00105-00031368-00031768 so if you are going through uh not only
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00106-00031769-00032039 fasting but you are also working out
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00107-00032039-00032261 very very hard just before your period
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00108-00032262-00032531 or during your period you are actually
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00109-00032532-00032843 disturbing your hormones before period
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00110-00032844-00033046 and on the period this is the time when
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00111-00033047-00033377 we have to take things slow seriously
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00112-00033378-00033652 sister diets on the different part of
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00113-00033653-00033868 the cycle disturb your hormones this is
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00114-00033869-00034217 exactly what I mentioned just now so if
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00115-00034218-00034577 you're stuck in the diet all month
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00116-00034578-00034793 around it's very likely that's messing
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00117-00034794-00035027 up of your hormones so let's talk about
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00118-00035028-00035267 our hormones and the sleep
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00119-00035268-00035459 because it's all connected with
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00120-00035460-00035896 inflating Rhythm as well if you e in
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00121-00035897-00036107 your deep sleep levels
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00122-00036108-00036365 this is the part where the healings
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00123-00036366-00036593 happens so healing happens when you are
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00124-00036594-00036899 sleeping and it's also uh the hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00125-00036900-00037199 are being produced uh on your sleep so
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00126-00037200-00037468 if your deep sleep levels are short it
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00127-00037469-00037711 will affect your hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00128-00037712-00037912 sometimes we are sleeping eight hours
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00129-00037913-00038152 but we waking up tired why is that
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00130-00038153-00038393 because even though you're sleeping long
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00131-00038394-00038615 and your deep sleep levels are very
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00132-00038616-00038885 short then you're gonna wake up tired
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00133-00038886-00039052 and you're gonna wake up fatigue okay
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00134-00039053-00039340 men produce hormones in the testicle 24
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00135-00039341-00039640 7 like I mentioned but female hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00136-00039641-00039827 Peak production happens in different
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00137-00039828-00040157 parts of the cycle and deep sleep is the
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00138-00040158-00040487 key so we have to be very very mindful
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00139-00040488-00040735 okay
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00140-00040736-00041195 a very important thing my love this blue
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00141-00041196-00041465 light Disturbed deep sleep
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00142-00041466-00041729 and that means it's also Disturbed the
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00143-00041730-00042059 hormones blue light from your phone I
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00144-00042060-00042239 don't know why it's not showing ah it's
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00145-00042240-00042365 showing now
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00146-00042366-00042593 so if you are scrolling before you're
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00147-00042594-00042827 going to sleep it takes you very long
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00148-00042828-00043079 time to actually enter in the Deep Sleep
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00149-00043080-00043343 phase that means if you are repeating
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00150-00043344-00043595 this over and over again you will
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00151-00043596-00043823 eventually disturb your hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00152-00043824-00044224 and this is it so let's recap very
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00153-00044225-00044549 quickly okay first thing
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00154-00044550-00044927 to do to heal your hormones is to learn
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00155-00044928-00045268 about your Cycles your infra and your
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00156-00045269-00045521 rhythms inflating and circadian rhythm
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00157-00045522-00046001 okay so you have to leave it exercise
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00158-00046002-00046451 and work accordingly to which uh part of
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00159-00046452-00046768 the which phase of the cycle you are at
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00160-00046769-00046996 this specific moment because if you goes
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00161-00046997-00047195 against it you are going against your
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00162-00047196-00047423 nature and you are disturbing your
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00163-00047424-00047693 hormones so for the hormones to work
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00164-00047694-00048124 properly you have to respect your
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00165-00048125-00048502 natural rhythms and it makes so much
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00166-00048503-00048785 sense like I mentioned we are living in
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00167-00048786-00048946 the world that is
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00168-00048947-00049445 um made living in the men's Rhythm and
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00169-00049446-00049708 men's got only a circadian rhythm they
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00170-00049709-00049985 follow so if you are waiting about five
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00171-00049986-00050130 in the morning
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00172-00050131-00050483 that's actually very very bad as well
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00173-00050484-00050752 because the woman needs from eight to
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00174-00050753-00050927 ten hours of sleep
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00175-00050928-00051358 a woman needs more sleep than a man with
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00176-00051359-00051629 at least five to six hours of the deep
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00177-00051629-00051911 sleep so if you are waking at the crack
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00178-00051912-00052144 of dawn at five in the morning six in
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00179-00052145-00052390 the morning every single day is very
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00180-00052391-00052654 likely you're disturbing your hormones
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00181-00052655-00052985 keeping this all in mind this is the
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00182-00052986-00053285 things that we can change and we can fix
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00183-00053286-00053794 a little bit so remember no dieting and
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00184-00053795-00053926 no hard
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00185-00053927-00054197 um exercise just before your period okay
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00186-00054198-00054532 you can do that after your period and on
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00187-00054533-00054869 on the ovulation you have to really
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00188-00054870-00055223 really take care of your sleep so
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00189-00055224-00055499 eliminate all the scrolling all the
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00190-00055500-00055804 charges all the phones everything that
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00191-00055805-00056050 disturbs your deep sleep and there are
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00192-00056051-00056230 actually application that that can
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00193-00056232-00056482 measure the level of the deep sleep so
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00194-00056483-00056819 from today please be very Mindful and
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00195-00056820-00057137 take care of your sleep hygiene I'm
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00196-00057138-00057359 gonna see you tomorrow when I'm gonna
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00197-00057360-00057647 give you another tips how to regulate
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00198-00057648-00057923 your hormones naturally naturally thank
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00199-00057924-00058115 you so much for watching and I see you
+GbvHRbcA9ME-00200-00058116-00058327 soon
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00000-00000029-00000655 foreign
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00001-00000656-00000886 cause of death shared by all the classic
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00002-00000888-00001157 King's Quest games Gravity you have to
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+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00006-00001632-00001859 too easy to lose your footing
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+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00010-00002430-00002675 slapstick fall and a deadly fall and the
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+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00013-00003077-00003281 deadly those Life Alert commercials were
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00014-00003282-00003538 right you can fall on your own stairs
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+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00017-00003882-00004336 ah oh I see you Phantom laying in weight
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00018-00004337-00004486 trying to kill me
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00019-00004487-00004877 I'm on to you
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00020-00004878-00005045 once they got to the
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+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00023-00005460-00005638 still popped up here and there and it
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00024-00005639-00005795 was especially frustrating in King's
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00025-00005796-00006022 Quest 5 because of Graham's ear piercing
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00026-00006023-00006684 scream
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00027-00006686-00006905 geez Graham I know you're dying but
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00028-00006906-00007037 that's no reason to give the rest of us
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00029-00007038-00007206 tinnitus
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00030-00007208-00008092 [Music]
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00031-00008093-00008316 foreign
+GbFtxjc2Nv0-00032-00008317-00009202 [Music]
+GbV6IKZeTQU-00000-00000575-00000982 so
+GbV6IKZeTQU-00001-00000983-00002367 [Music]
+GbV6IKZeTQU-00002-00002368-00003235 foreign
+GbV6IKZeTQU-00006-00013663-00014313 foreign
+GbV6IKZeTQU-00007-00014313-00014455 [Music]
+GbV6IKZeTQU-00008-00014456-00014663 you
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00000-00000006-00001701 [Music]
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00001-00001702-00002098 are you alright um no that I'm clean
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00002-00002099-00002287 sofa huh this is just basically a quick
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00003-00002288-00002442 video to say thank you to everybody who
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00004-00002443-00002728 entered the Gipper club to my go away
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00005-00002729-00002976 thank you give away now I'm gonna leave
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00006-00002977-00003258 up to you guys basically I want all you
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00007-00003259-00003451 guys to pick a number between 1 and 12
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00008-00003452-00003703 let's try went trees I saw I want
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00009-00003704-00003840 everybody to be the number which me one
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00010-00003842-00004000 as well the most the person who gets the
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00011-00004001-00004336 most on the number yeah when basically
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00012-00004337-00004570 I'm not telling you the numbers because
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00013-00004571-00005014 I didn't day that's my business as well
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00014-00005015-00005320 as I want to leave a picture right here
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00015-00005321-00005650 right now not this better after this of
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00016-00005651-00005839 my email address if anybody wanted to
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00017-00005840-00006067 email me they more and welcome to I know
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00018-00006068-00006285 some I know someone is trying to get
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00019-00006286-00006484 older me by email so I'm really bit in
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00020-00006484-00006766 this video as well so yeah thank you
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00021-00006767-00007030 very much watching as I said please pick
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00022-00007031-00007195 the numbers between 1 and 12 and the
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00023-00007195-00007375 lucky person will win thank you very
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00024-00007376-00008202 much and we'll see you see
+Gc_PMyMDB2u-00025-00008203-00009197 [Music]
+GekaJ9jk3V8-00000-00000017-00000329 the Abraham paiace prize for history of
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+GekaJ9jk3V8-00003-00000818-00001019 Physical Society and the American
+GekaJ9jk3V8-00004-00001019-00001274 Institute of Physics for outstanding
+GekaJ9jk3V8-00005-00001275-00001502 scholarly achievements in the history of
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+GekaJ9jk3V8-00007-00001844-00002216 paiace 1918 to 2000 science historian
+GekaJ9jk3V8-00008-00002217-00002495 and particle physicist as of 2013 it is
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+Gfsgk4WxrgE-00018-00006980-00007540 I think you'll get that answer the
+Gfsgk4WxrgE-00019-00007541-00008727 carnival time answer anything
+Gfsgk4WxrgE-00020-00008728-00009385 ok
+Gfsgk4WxrgE-00021-00009386-00010706 okay how do you text I don't think I can
+Gfsgk4WxrgE-00022-00010707-00010997 answer holding needed but you can talk
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+GfKKebttIHM-00000-00000377-00000684 [Music]
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+GfKKebttIHM-00002-00001529-00002235 Davis eyes to decide like you know
+GfKKebttIHM-00003-00002236-00004228 better than that of course
+GfKKebttIHM-00004-00004229-00004956 [Music]
+GfKKebttIHM-00005-00004957-00005085 they were singing and playing at the
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+GfKKebttIHM-00009-00006055-00006536 [Music]
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+GfKKebttIHM-00011-00006920-00007926 [Music]
+GfKKebttIHM-00012-00007927-00008699 like not having a temple for this one
+GfKKebttIHM-00013-00008700-00010669 yeah I can't do one two three oh yeah
+GfKKebttIHM-00014-00010670-00010888 okay you gotta have an internal clock
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+GfKKebttIHM-00019-00011621-00011846 I thought that was kind of a cool vibe
+GfKKebttIHM-00020-00011847-00012235 yeah last time we didn't count in no one
+GfKKebttIHM-00021-00012236-00012832 gonna do I don't do the dramatic pause
+GfKKebttIHM-00022-00012833-00013124 [Laughter]
+GfKKebttIHM-00024-00020547-00020682 [Applause]
+GfKKebttIHM-00026-00025683-00026137 [Music]
+GfKKebttIHM-00027-00026138-00026618 [Applause]
+GfKKebttIHM-00028-00026619-00028527 [Music]
+GfKKebttIHM-00029-00028529-00028829 yeah
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00003-00038305-00039283 [Applause]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00004-00039284-00040683 so
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00010-00082683-00082929 oh
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00012-00086883-00088282 so
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00013-00088283-00091082 uh
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00015-00096245-00097897 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00016-00097898-00099131 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00017-00099132-00100882 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00018-00100883-00103682 boom
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00019-00103683-00105083 so
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00020-00105083-00106483 so
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00022-00111292-00113691 [Music]
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+Gh8RgA3V12y-00024-00114874-00116283 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00025-00116283-00116914 boom
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00026-00116915-00118578 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00029-00138684-00140083 oh
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00031-00159684-00161083 uh
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00032-00161084-00163883 oh
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00033-00163884-00166783 uh
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00034-00166784-00167347 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00035-00167348-00168783 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00036-00168784-00169865 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00037-00169866-00171978 [Music]
+Gh8RgA3V12y-00038-00171979-00172279 um
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+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00016-00003846-00004052 restricted to religious art but includes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00017-00004053-00004208 all the art of the rich and varied
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00018-00004209-00004513 cultures of Islamic societies as well it
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00019-00004514-00004742 frequently includes secular elements and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00020-00004743-00004931 elements that are frowned upon if not
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00021-00004932-00005175 forbidden by some Islamic theologians
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00022-00005176-00005425 apart from the ever-present calligraphic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00023-00005426-00005675 inscriptions specifically religious art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00024-00005676-00005891 is actually less prominent in Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00025-00005892-00006077 art than in Western medieval art with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00026-00006078-00006277 the exception of Islamic architecture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00027-00006278-00006443 where mosques and their complexes of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00028-00006444-00006590 surrounding buildings are the most
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00029-00006591-00006872 common remains figurative painting may
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00030-00006873-00007079 cover religious scenes but normally in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00031-00007080-00007304 essentially secular context such as the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00032-00007305-00007529 walls of palaces or illuminated books of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00033-00007530-00007829 poetry the calligraphy and decoration of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00034-00007830-00008020 manuscript currents as an important
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00035-00008022-00008231 aspect but other religious art such as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00036-00008232-00008432 glass mosque lamps and other mosque
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00037-00008433-00008696 fittings such as tiles eg Gura tiles
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00038-00008697-00008909 woodwork and carpets usually have the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00039-00008910-00009119 same style and motifs as contemporary
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00040-00009120-00009311 secular art although with religious
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00041-00009312-00009647 inscriptions even more prominent Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00042-00009648-00009902 art developed from many sources Roman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00043-00009903-00010172 early Christian art and Byzantine styles
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00044-00010173-00010439 were taken over in early Islamic art and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00045-00010440-00010631 architecture the influence of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00046-00010632-00010907 sasanian art of pre-islamic Persia was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00047-00010908-00011162 of paramount significance Central Asian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00048-00011163-00011342 styles were brought in with various
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00049-00011343-00011558 nomadic incursions and Chinese
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00050-00011559-00011798 influences had a formative effect on
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00051-00011799-00012106 Islamic painting pottery and textiles
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00052-00012107-00012437 though the whole concept of Islamic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00053-00012438-00012704 has been criticized by some modern art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00054-00012705-00012925 historians calling it a figment of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00055-00012926-00013102 imagination ora
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00056-00013103-00013304 Mirage
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00057-00013305-00013550 the similarities between art produced at
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00058-00013551-00013760 widely different times and places in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00059-00013761-00014003 Islamic world especially in the Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00060-00014004-00014191 Golden Age have been sufficient to keep
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00061-00014193-00014402 the term in wide use by scholars there
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00062-00014403-00014588 are repeating elements in Islamic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00063-00014588-00014825 such as the use of geometrical floral or
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00064-00014826-00015038 vegetal designs in a repetition known as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00065-00015038-00015322 the arabesque the arabesque in Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00066-00015324-00015488 art is often used to symbolize the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00067-00015488-00015719 transcendent indivisible and infinite
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00068-00015719-00016019 nature of God mistakes and repetitions
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00069-00016019-00016202 may be intentionally introduced as a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00070-00016203-00016412 show of humility by artists who believe
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00071-00016413-00016631 only God can produce perfection although
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00072-00016632-00016853 this theory is disputed typically though
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00073-00016854-00017108 not entirely Islamic art has focused on
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00074-00017109-00017309 the depiction of patterns whether purely
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00075-00017310-00017495 geometric or floral and Arabic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00076-00017496-00017669 calligraphy rather than on figures
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00077-00017670-00017867 because it is feared by many Muslims
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00078-00017868-00018056 that the depiction of the human form is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00079-00018057-00018260 idolatry and thereby a sin against God
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00080-00018261-00018575 forbidden in the Quran human portrayals
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00081-00018576-00018791 can be found in all eras of Islamic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00082-00018792-00018989 above all in the more private form of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00083-00018990-00019192 miniatures where their absence is rare
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00084-00019193-00019463 human representation for the purpose of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00085-00019464-00019685 worship is considered idolatry and is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00086-00019686-00019894 duly forbidden in some interpretations
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00087-00019895-00020201 of Islamic law known as Sharia law there
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00088-00020202-00020408 are also many depictions of Muhammad
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00089-00020409-00020639 Islam's chief prophet in historical
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00090-00020640-00020960 Islamic art small decorative figures of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00091-00020961-00021176 animals and humans especially if they're
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00092-00021177-00021368 hunting the animals are found on secular
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00093-00021369-00021593 pieces in many media from many periods
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00094-00021594-00022142 but portraits were slow to develop
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00095-00022143-00022667 topic calligraphy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00096-00022668-00022932 calligraphic design as under present in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00097-00022933-00023145 Islamic art whereas in Europe in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00098-00023146-00023361 Middle Ages religious exhortations
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00099-00023362-00023592 including Quranic verses may be included
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00100-00023593-00023829 in secular objects especially coins
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00101-00023830-00024042 tiles and metalwork and most painted
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00102-00024043-00024243 miniatures include some script as do
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00103-00024244-00024495 many buildings use of Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00104-00024496-00024699 calligraphy and architecture extended
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00105-00024700-00024882 significantly outside of Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00106-00024883-00025107 territories one notable example is the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00107-00025108-00025305 use of Chinese calligraphy of Arabic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00108-00025306-00025467 verses from the Quran in the great
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00109-00025468-00025727 mosque of xi'an other inscriptions
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00110-00025729-00025902 include verses of poetry and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00111-00025902-00026102 inscriptions recording ownership or
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00112-00026104-00026345 donation two of the main scripts
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00113-00026347-00026562 involved are the symbolic Kufa can ask
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00114-00026563-00026775 scripts which can be found adorning and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00115-00026776-00026964 enhancing the visual appeal of the walls
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00116-00026964-00027164 and domes of buildings the sides of min
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00117-00027166-00027432 bars and metalwork Islamic calligraphy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00118-00027433-00027657 in the form of painting or sculptures
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00119-00027658-00027870 are sometimes referred to as Quranic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00120-00027870-00028058 East Persian pottery from the 9th to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00121-00028060-00028275 11th centuries decorated only with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00122-00028276-00028476 highly stylized inscriptions called
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00123-00028477-00028788 epigraphic ware has been described as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00124-00028789-00029070 probably the most refined and sensitive
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00125-00029070-00029331 of all Persian pottery large
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00126-00029332-00029570 inscriptions made from tiles sometimes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00127-00029572-00029769 with the letters raised in relief or the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00128-00029770-00029952 background cut away are found on the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00129-00029952-00030129 interiors and exteriors of many
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00130-00030130-00030399 important buildings complex carved
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00131-00030400-00030677 calligraphy also decorates buildings for
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00132-00030679-00030849 most of the Islamic period the majority
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00133-00030850-00031095 of coins only showed lettering which are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00134-00031095-00031283 often very elegant despite their small
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00135-00031285-00031563 size and nature of production the tourer
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00136-00031564-00031788 monogram of an Ottoman Sultan was used
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00137-00031789-00032010 extensively on official documents with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00138-00032011-00032217 very elaborate decoration for important
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00139-00032218-00032505 ones other single sheets of calligraphy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00140-00032506-00032720 designed for albums might contain short
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00141-00032722-00033096 poems Quranic verses or other texts the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00142-00033097-00033321 main language is all using Arabic script
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00143-00033322-00033537 our Arabic always used for Quranic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00144-00033538-00033729 verses Persian in the Persian it world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00145-00033730-00033978 especially for poetry and Turkish with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00146-00033979-00034193 odoo appearing in later centuries
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00147-00034194-00034398 calligraphers usually had a higher
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00148-00034399-00034906 status than other artists
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00149-00034907-00035339 topic painting
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00150-00035340-00035537 although there has been a tradition of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00151-00035538-00035754 wall paintings especially in the Persian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00152-00035755-00035966 it world the best surviving and highest
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00153-00035967-00036125 developed form of painting in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00154-00036126-00036305 Islamic world as the miniature in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00155-00036306-00036512 illuminated manuscripts or later as a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00156-00036513-00036749 single page for inclusion in America or
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00157-00036750-00036960 bound album of miniatures in calligraphy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00158-00036961-00037220 the tradition of the Persian miniature
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00159-00037221-00037415 has been dominant since about the 13th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00160-00037416-00037652 century strongly influencing the Ottoman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00161-00037653-00037808 miniature of Turkey and the Mughal
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00162-00037809-00038069 miniature in India miniatures were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00163-00038070-00038237 especially an art of the court and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00164-00038238-00038423 because they were not seen in public it
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00165-00038424-00038604 has been argued that constraints on the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00166-00038605-00038786 depiction of the human figure were much
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00167-00038787-00039017 more relaxed and indeed miniatures often
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00168-00039018-00039210 contain great numbers of small figures
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00169-00039211-00039429 and from the 16th century portraits of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00170-00039430-00039698 single ones although surviving early
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00171-00039699-00039893 examples are now uncommon human
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00172-00039894-00040070 figurative art was a continuous
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00173-00040071-00040283 tradition in Islamic lands in secular
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00174-00040284-00040523 contexts notably several of the Umayyad
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00175-00040524-00040952 desert castles see 660 - 750 and during
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00176-00040953-00041288 the Abbasid Caliphate see 749 one two
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00177-00041289-00041486 five eight the largest commissions of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00178-00041487-00041705 illustrated books were usually classics
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00179-00041706-00041904 of Persian poetry such as the epic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00180-00041905-00042054 Shahnameh although the Mughals and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00181-00042055-00042224 Ottomans both produced lavish
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00182-00042225-00042425 manuscripts of more recent history with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00183-00042426-00042596 the autobiographies of the Mughal
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00184-00042597-00042743 emperors and more purely military
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00185-00042744-00042988 chronicles of Turkish conquests
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00186-00042989-00043220 portraits of rulers developed in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00187-00043221-00043466 16th century and later in Persia then
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00188-00043467-00043760 becoming very popular Mughal portraits
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00189-00043761-00043985 normally in profile are very finely
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00190-00043986-00044177 drawn in a realist style while the best
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00191-00044178-00044395 Ottoman ones are vigorously stylized
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00192-00044396-00044654 album miniatures typically featured
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00193-00044655-00044870 picnic scenes portraits of individuals
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00194-00044871-00045092 or in India especially animals or
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00195-00045093-00045287 idealized youthful beauties of either
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00196-00045288-00045626 sex Chinese influences included the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00197-00045627-00045806 early adoption of the vertical format
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00198-00045807-00046001 natural - a book which led to the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00199-00046002-00046185 development of a bird's-eye view where a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00200-00046186-00046397 very carefully depicted background of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00201-00046398-00046592 hilly landscape or Palace buildings
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00202-00046593-00046805 rises up to leave only a small area of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00203-00046806-00047060 sky the figures are arranged in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00204-00047061-00047249 different planes on the background with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00205-00047250-00047408 recession distance from the viewer
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00206-00047409-00047618 indicated by placing more distant
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00207-00047619-00047804 figures higher up in the space but at
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00208-00047805-00048074 essentially the same size the colors
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00209-00048075-00048269 which are often very well preserved are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00210-00048270-00048564 strongly contrasting bright and clear
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00211-00048565-00048746 the tradition reached a climax in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00212-00048747-00049005 16th and early 17th centuries but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00213-00049006-00049187 continued until the early 19th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00214-00049188-00049774 and has been revived in the 20th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00215-00049775-00050250 pick rugs and carpets
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00216-00050251-00050535 no Islamic artistic product has become
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00217-00050536-00050721 better known outside the Islamic world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00218-00050722-00050913 than the pile carpet more commonly
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00219-00050914-00051093 referred to as the oriental carpet
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00220-00051094-00051369 oriental rug their versatility is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00221-00051370-00051612 utilized in everyday Islamic and Muslim
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00222-00051613-00051771 life from floor coverings to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00223-00051772-00051969 architectural enrichment from cushions
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00224-00051970-00052166 to bolsters to bags and sacks of all
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00225-00052167-00052359 shapes and sizes and to religious
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00226-00052360-00052572 objects such as a prayer rug which would
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00227-00052573-00052770 provide a clean place to pray they have
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00228-00052771-00052986 been a major export to other areas since
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00229-00052987-00053180 the late Middle Ages used to cover not
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00230-00053182-00053370 only floors but tables prolong a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00231-00053371-00053586 widespread European practice that is now
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00232-00053587-00053859 common only in the Netherlands carpet
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00233-00053860-00054033 weaving is a rich and deeply embedded
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00234-00054034-00054273 tradition in Islamic societies and the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00235-00054274-00054479 practice is seen in large city factories
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00236-00054480-00054654 as well as in rural communities and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00237-00054654-00054908 nomadic encampments in earlier periods
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00238-00054909-00055161 special establishments and workshops
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00239-00055162-00055329 were in existence that functioned
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00240-00055329-00055614 directly under court patronage very
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00241-00055615-00055866 early Islamic carpets ie those before
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00242-00055866-00056090 the sixteenth century are extremely rare
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00243-00056091-00056334 more have survived in the West and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00244-00056335-00056550 oriental carpets in Renaissance painting
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00245-00056551-00056712 from Europe are a major source of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00246-00056713-00056850 information on them as they were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00247-00056851-00057029 valuable imports that were painted
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00248-00057030-00057297 accurately the most natural and easy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00249-00057298-00057519 designs for a carpet weaver to produce
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00250-00057520-00057729 consist of straight lines and edges and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00251-00057729-00057954 the earliest Islamic carpets to survive
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00252-00057954-00058179 or be shown in paintings have geometric
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00253-00058179-00058386 designs or Center on very stylized
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00254-00058387-00058662 animals made up in this way since the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00255-00058663-00058805 flowing loops and curves of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00256-00058807-00059030 arabesque are central to Islamic art the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00257-00059032-00059202 interaction and tension between these
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00258-00059203-00059421 two Styles was long a major feature of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00259-00059422-00059729 carpet design there are a few survivals
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00260-00059730-00059946 of the grand Egyptian 16th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00261-00059947-00060174 carpets including one almost as good as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00262-00060175-00060354 new discovered in the Attic of the Pitti
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00263-00060354-00060552 palace in Florence whose complex
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00264-00060553-00060765 patterns of octagon roundels and stars
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00265-00060766-00060984 in just a few colors shimmer before the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00266-00060985-00061227 viewer production of this style of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00267-00061228-00061430 carpet began under the Mamluks but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00268-00061432-00061578 continued after the Ottomans conquered
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00269-00061579-00061836 Egypt the other sophisticated tradition
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00270-00061837-00062016 was the Persian carpet which reached its
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00271-00062016-00062289 peak in the 16th and early 17th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00272-00062290-00062484 and works like the art Abell carpet and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00273-00062485-00062664 coronation carpet during this century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00274-00062665-00062898 the ottoman and mughal courts also began
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00275-00062899-00063066 to sponsor the making in their domains
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00276-00063066-00063288 of large formal carpets evidently with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00277-00063289-00063477 the involvement of designers used to the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00278-00063478-00063641 latest court style in the general
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00279-00063642-00063879 Persian tradition these use a design
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00280-00063879-00064140 style shared with non-figurative Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00281-00064141-00064353 illumination and other media often with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00282-00064354-00064575 a large central ghoul motif and always
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00283-00064576-00064737 with wide and strongly demarcated
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00284-00064738-00064986 borders the grand designs of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00285-00064987-00065213 workshops patronized by the court spread
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00286-00065214-00065382 out to smaller carpets for the merely
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00287-00065383-00065613 wealthy and for export and designs close
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00288-00065614-00065862 to those of the 16th and 17th centuries
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00289-00065863-00066030 are still produced in large numbers
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00290-00066031-00066321 today the description of older carpets
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00291-00066322-00066507 has tended to use the names of carpet
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00292-00066508-00066705 making centers as labels but often
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00293-00066706-00066885 derived from the design rather than any
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00294-00066886-00067065 actual evidence that they originated
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00295-00067066-00067319 from around that Center research has
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00296-00067320-00067526 clarified that designs were by no means
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00297-00067527-00067713 always restricted to the center they are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00298-00067714-00067917 traditionally associated with and the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00299-00067918-00068136 origin of many carpets remains unclear
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00300-00068137-00068466 as well as the major Persian Turkish and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00301-00068467-00068669 Arab centers carpets were also made
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00302-00068670-00068880 across Central Asia in India and in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00303-00068881-00069171 Spain and the Balkans Spanish carpets
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00304-00069172-00069360 which sometimes interrupted typical
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00305-00069361-00069561 Islamic patterns to include coats of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00306-00069562-00069780 arms enjoyed high prestige in Europe
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00307-00069781-00069969 being commissioned by royalty and for
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00308-00069970-00070155 the papal palace Avignon and the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00309-00070156-00070335 industry continued after the Reconquista
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00310-00070336-00070587 our mean e'en carpet weaving is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00311-00070588-00070800 mentioned by many early sources and may
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00312-00070801-00070992 account for a much larger proportion of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00313-00070993-00071193 East Turkish and Caucasian production
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00314-00071194-00071426 than traditionally thought the Berber
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00315-00071427-00071640 carpets of North Africa have a distinct
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00316-00071641-00071871 design tradition apart from the products
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00317-00071872-00072087 of city workshops in touch with trading
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00318-00072088-00072279 networks that might carry the carpets to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00319-00072280-00072480 markets far away there was also a large
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00320-00072481-00072660 and widespread village and nomadic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00321-00072661-00072849 industry producing work that stayed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00322-00072850-00073071 closer to traditional local designs as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00323-00073072-00073356 well as pile carpets Callum's and other
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00324-00073357-00073548 types of flat weave or embroidered
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00325-00073549-00073761 textiles were produced for use on both
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00326-00073762-00074043 floors and walls figurative designs
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00327-00074044-00074268 sometimes with large human figures are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00328-00074269-00074511 very popular in Islamic countries but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00329-00074512-00074715 relatively rarely exported to the west
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00330-00074716-00074919 where abstract designs are generally
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00331-00074920-00075340 what the market expects
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00332-00075341-00075865 topic architecture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00333-00075866-00076249 main article Islamic architecture views
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00334-00076250-00076453 of Islamic art are widely seen through
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00335-00076454-00076613 Eurocentrism which coins the term
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00336-00076614-00076899 Orientalism the East has dominant
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00337-00076900-00077106 control over most interpretations while
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00338-00077107-00077256 infiltrating in their prejudice
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00339-00077257-00077550 perceptional views it is also important
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00340-00077551-00077724 to note the Western linear theory of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00341-00077725-00077923 evolution in cultures that suggests
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00342-00077924-00078111 progress began in the east and later
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00343-00078112-00078549 translated to the West
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00344-00078550-00079072 topic Ceramics
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00345-00079073-00079312 is Lama cart has very notable
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00346-00079313-00079528 achievements in ceramics both in pottery
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00347-00079529-00079747 and tiles for walls which in the absence
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00348-00079748-00079918 of wall paintings were taken to Heights
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00349-00079919-00080175 unmatched by other cultures early
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00350-00080176-00080388 pottery is often unglazed but Tendo
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00351-00080389-00080587 pacified glazing was one of the earliest
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00352-00080588-00080767 new technologies developed by the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00353-00080768-00081018 Islamic Potter's the first Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00354-00081019-00081237 opaque glazes can be found as blue
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00355-00081238-00081436 painted we're in Basra dating to around
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00356-00081437-00081726 the 8th century another significant
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00357-00081727-00081904 contribution was the development of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00358-00081905-00082101 stone paste ceramics originating from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00359-00082102-00082423 9th century Iraq the first industrial
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00360-00082424-00082609 complex for glass and pottery production
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00361-00082610-00082855 was built in Raqqa Syria in the 8th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00362-00082856-00083137 century other centres for innovative
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00363-00083138-00083356 pottery in the Islamic world included
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00364-00083357-00083767 Fustat from 975 to 1075 Damascus from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00365-00083768-00084178 1100 to around 1600 and Tabriz from 1470
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00366-00084179-00084507 to 1550 Lester wares with iridescent
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00367-00084508-00084675 colors may have continued pre-islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00368-00084676-00084918 Roman and Byzantine techniques but we're
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00369-00084919-00085081 either invented or considerably
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00370-00085082-00085303 developed on pottery and glass in Persia
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00371-00085304-00085522 and Syria from the ninth century onwards
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00372-00085523-00085765 Islamic pottery was often influenced by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00373-00085766-00085966 Chinese ceramics whose achievements were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00374-00085967-00086236 greatly admired and emulated this was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00375-00086237-00086451 especially the case in the periods after
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00376-00086452-00086625 the Mongol invasions and those of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00377-00086626-00086821 team or its techniques shapes and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00378-00086822-00087005 decorative motifs were all affected
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00379-00087006-00087282 until the early modern period Western
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00380-00087283-00087505 ceramics had very little influence but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00381-00087506-00087718 Islamic pottery was very sought-after in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00382-00087719-00088018 Europe and often copied an example of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00383-00088019-00088240 this is the Alber Ella a type of my Olek
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00384-00088241-00088435 a' earthenware jar originally designed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00385-00088436-00088638 to hold apothecaries aunt mminton dried
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00386-00088639-00088887 rugs the development of this type of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00387-00088888-00089086 pharmacy jar had its roots in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00388-00089087-00089392 Islamic Middle East the spaniel Moreschi
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00389-00089393-00089562 examples were exported to Italy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00390-00089563-00089755 stimulating the earliest Italian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00391-00089756-00090100 examples from 15th century Florence the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00392-00090101-00090294 Hispano Moreschi style emerged in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00393-00090295-00090519 al-andalus or Muslim Spain in the 8th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00394-00090520-00090748 century under Egyptian influence but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00395-00090749-00090922 most of the best production was much
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00396-00090923-00091093 later by Potter's presumed to have been
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00397-00091094-00091309 largely Muslim but working in areas
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00398-00091310-00091569 reconquered by the christian kingdoms it
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00399-00091570-00091800 mixed Islamic and European elements in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00400-00091801-00092029 its designs and much was exported across
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00401-00092030-00092287 neighboring European countries it had
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00402-00092288-00092441 introduced two ceramic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00403-00092442-00092603 techniques to Europe glazing with an
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00404-00092604-00092812 opaque white tin glaze and painting in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00405-00092813-00093116 metallic Lester's Ottoman iznik pottery
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00406-00093117-00093313 produced most of the best work in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00407-00093314-00093581 16th century in tiles and large vessels
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00408-00093582-00093785 boldly decorated with floral motifs
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00409-00093786-00094010 influenced once again by Chinese yuan
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00410-00094011-00094282 and Ming ceramics these were still in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00411-00094283-00094481 earthenware there was no porcelain made
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00412-00094482-00094697 in Islamic countries until modern times
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00413-00094698-00094910 though Chinese porcelain was imported
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00414-00094911-00095117 and admired the medieval Islamic world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00415-00095118-00095354 also had pottery with painted animal and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00416-00095355-00095603 human imagery examples are found
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00417-00095604-00095776 throughout the medieval Islamic world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00418-00095777-00096260 particularly in Persia and Egypt
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00419-00096261-00096731 topic tiling
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00420-00096732-00096956 the earliest grand Islamic buildings
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00421-00096957-00097118 like the Dome of the rock in Jerusalem
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00422-00097119-00097376 had interior walls decorated with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00423-00097377-00097578 mosaics in the Byzantine style that
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00424-00097579-00097821 without human figures from the ninth
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00425-00097822-00098057 century onwards the distinctive Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00426-00098058-00098249 tradition of glazed and brightly colored
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00427-00098250-00098468 tiling for interior and exterior walls
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00428-00098469-00098750 and domes developed some earlier schemes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00429-00098751-00098985 create designs using mixtures of tiles
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00430-00098986-00099143 each of a single color that are either
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00431-00099144-00099347 cut to shape or are small and of a few
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00432-00099348-00099548 shapes used to create abstract geometric
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00433-00099549-00099887 patterns later large painted schemes use
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00434-00099888-00100103 tiles painted before firing with a part
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00435-00100104-00100266 of the scheme a technique requiring
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00436-00100267-00100475 confidence in the consistent results of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00437-00100476-00100781 firing some elements especially the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00438-00100782-00100994 letters of inscriptions may be molded in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00439-00100995-00101156 three-dimensional relief and in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00440-00101157-00101372 especially in Persia certain tiles in a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00441-00101373-00101561 design may have figurative painting of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00442-00101562-00101847 animals or single human figures these
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00443-00101848-00102047 were often part of designs mostly made
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00444-00102048-00102251 up of tiles in plain colors but with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00445-00102252-00102464 larger fully painted tiles at intervals
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00446-00102465-00102758 the larger tiles are often shaped as 8
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00447-00102759-00102980 pointed stars and may show animals or a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00448-00102981-00103193 human head or bust or plant or other
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00449-00103194-00103508 motifs the geometric patterns such as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00450-00103509-00103736 modern North Africans Elledge work made
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00451-00103738-00103931 of small tiles each of a single color
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00452-00103932-00104111 but different and regular shapes are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00453-00104113-00104432 often referred to as mosaic which is not
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00454-00104433-00104732 strictly correct the Mughals made much
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00455-00104733-00104958 less use of tiling preferring and being
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00456-00104958-00105263 able to afford parch and carry a type of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00457-00105264-00105476 Pietra dura decoration from inlaid
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00458-00105477-00105681 panels of semi-precious stones with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00459-00105682-00105981 jewels in some cases this can be seen at
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00460-00105982-00106182 the Taj Mahal Agra fort and other
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00461-00106183-00106301 Imperial Commission's
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00462-00106302-00106581 the motifs are usually floral in a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00463-00106582-00106778 simpler and more realistic style than
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00464-00106779-00106971 Persian or Turkish work relating to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00465-00106972-00107413 plants in mughal miniatures
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00466-00107414-00108064 topic glass for most of the Middle Ages
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00467-00108065-00108268 Islamic glass was the most sophisticated
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00468-00108269-00108556 in Eurasia exported to both Europe and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00469-00108557-00108810 China Islam took over much of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00470-00108811-00109042 traditional glass producing territory of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00471-00109043-00109252 sasanian an ancient Roman glass and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00472-00109253-00109447 since figurative decoration played a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00473-00109448-00109681 small part in pre-islamic glass the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00474-00109682-00109897 change in style is not abrupt except
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00475-00109898-00110074 that the whole area initially formed a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00476-00110075-00110302 political hole and for example Persian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00477-00110303-00110497 innovations were now almost immediately
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00478-00110498-00110704 taken up in Egypt for this reason it is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00479-00110705-00110886 often impossible to distinguish between
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00480-00110888-00111082 the various centres of production of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00481-00111083-00111309 which Egypt Syria and Persia were the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00482-00111310-00111517 most important except by scientific
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00483-00111518-00111718 analysis of the material which itself
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00484-00111719-00111964 has difficulties from various
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00485-00111965-00112198 documentary references glass making and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00486-00112199-00112345 glass trading seems to have been a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00487-00112346-00112560 speciality of the Jewish minority in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00488-00112561-00112849 several centers between the 8th and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00489-00112850-00113058 early 11th centuries the emphasis in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00490-00113059-00113289 luxury glass has on effects achieved by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00491-00113290-00113569 manipulating the surface of the glass
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00492-00113570-00113806 initially by incising into the glass on
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00493-00113807-00113974 a wheel and later by cutting away the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00494-00113975-00114163 background to leave a design in relief
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00495-00114164-00114469 the very massive hedwig glasses only
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00496-00114470-00114667 found in europe but normally considered
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00497-00114668-00114868 Islamic or possibly from Muslim
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00498-00114869-00115063 craftsmen in Norman Sicily are an
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00499-00115064-00115258 example of this though puzzlingly late
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00500-00115258-00115522 in date these and other glass pieces
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00501-00115523-00115758 probably represented cheaper versions of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00502-00115759-00115959 vessels of carved rock crystal clear
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00503-00115960-00116188 quartz themselves influenced by earlier
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00504-00116189-00116358 glass vessels and there is some evidence
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00505-00116359-00116563 that at this period glass cutting and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00506-00116564-00116746 hardstone carving were regarded as the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00507-00116747-00117004 same craft from the 12th century the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00508-00117005-00117174 industry in Persia and Mesopotamia
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00509-00117175-00117391 appears to decline and the main
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00510-00117392-00117601 production of luxury glass shifts to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00511-00117602-00117820 Egypt and Syria and decorative effects
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00512-00117821-00118010 of color on smooth surface glass
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00513-00118011-00118270 throughout the period local centers made
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00514-00118271-00118483 simpler wares such as Hebron glass in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00515-00118483-00118756 Palestine Leicester painting by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00516-00118757-00118939 techniques similar to Leicester where in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00517-00118940-00119155 pottery dates back to the 8th century in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00518-00119156-00119374 Egypt and became widespread in the 12th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00519-00119375-00119671 century another technique was decoration
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00520-00119672-00119833 with threads of glass of a different
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00521-00119833-00120025 color worked into the main surface and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00522-00120026-00120226 sometimes manipulated by combing and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00523-00120227-00120529 other effects gilded painted an enameled
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00524-00120530-00120711 glass were added to the repertoire and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00525-00120713-00120763 shaped
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00526-00120764-00120988 motifs borrowed from other media such as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00527-00120989-00121270 pottery and metalwork some of the finest
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00528-00121271-00121468 work was in mosque lamps donated by a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00529-00121469-00121783 ruler or wealthy man as decoration grew
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00530-00121783-00121986 more elaborate the quality of the basic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00531-00121988-00122215 glass decreased and it often has a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00532-00122216-00122467 brownish yellow tinge and is rarely free
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00533-00122468-00122806 from bubbles Aleppo seems to have ceased
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00534-00122807-00122980 to be a major center after the Mongol
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00535-00122981-00123256 invasion of 1260 and Timur appears to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00536-00123257-00123424 have ended the Syrian industry about
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00537-00123425-00123682 1400 by carrying off the skilled workers
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00538-00123683-00124024 to Samarkand by about 1500 the Venetians
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00539-00124025-00124204 were receiving large orders for mosque
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00540-00124205-00124558 lamps
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00541-00124558-00125061 topic metal work
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00542-00125063-00125317 medieval Islamic metalwork offers a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00543-00125318-00125476 complete contrast to its European
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00544-00125477-00125719 equivalent which is dominated by modeled
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00545-00125720-00125926 figures and brightly colored decoration
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00546-00125927-00126130 in enamel some pieces entirely in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00547-00126131-00126424 precious metals in contrast surviving
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00548-00126425-00126658 Islamic metalwork consists of practical
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00549-00126658-00126919 objects mostly in brass bronze and steel
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00550-00126920-00127158 with simple but often monumental shapes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00551-00127159-00127393 and surfaces highly decorated with dense
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00552-00127394-00127594 decoration in a variety of techniques
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00553-00127595-00127819 that color mostly restricted to inlays
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00554-00127820-00128173 of gold silver copper or black miele the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00555-00128174-00128358 most abundant survivals from medieval
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00556-00128359-00128590 periods are fine brass objects handsome
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00557-00128591-00128764 enough to preserve but not valuable
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00558-00128765-00129028 enough to be melted down the abundant
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00559-00129029-00129232 local sources of zinc compared to tin
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00560-00129233-00129538 explains the rarity of bronze household
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00561-00129539-00129759 items such as yours or water pitchers
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00562-00129760-00129964 were made of one or more pieces of sheet
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00563-00129965-00130189 brass soldered together and subsequently
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00564-00130190-00130414 worked in inlaid the use of drinking and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00565-00130415-00130621 eating vessels in gold and silver the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00566-00130622-00130846 ideal in ancient Rome and Persia as well
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00567-00130847-00131038 as medieval Christian societies is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00568-00131039-00131236 prohibited by the hadiths as was the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00569-00131237-00131356 wearing of gold rings
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00570-00131357-00131632 one thing Islamic metal workers shared
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00571-00131633-00131812 with European ones was high social
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00572-00131813-00132013 status compared to other artists and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00573-00132014-00132217 craftsmen and many larger pieces are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00574-00132218-00132520 signed is Lama quirk includes some
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00575-00132521-00132715 three-dimensional animal figures as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00576-00132716-00132931 fountain heads or Aquaman Isles but only
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00577-00132932-00133156 one significant enameled object is known
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00578-00133157-00133456 using Byzantine cloisonne techniques the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00579-00133457-00133648 PISA Griffin is the largest surviving
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00580-00133649-00133912 bronze animal probably from 11th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00581-00133913-00134224 al-andalus more common objects give an
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00582-00134225-00134455 elaborate decoration include massive low
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00583-00134456-00134671 candlesticks and lamp stands lantern
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00584-00134672-00134971 lights bowls dishes basins buckets these
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00585-00134972-00135196 probably for the bath and yours as well
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00586-00135197-00135514 as casket spend cases and plaques Ewers
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00587-00135515-00135679 and basins were brought for hand washing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00588-00135680-00135922 before and after each meal so are often
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00589-00135923-00136105 lavishly treated display pieces
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00590-00136106-00136390 a typical 13th century II were from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00591-00136391-00136588 Khorasan is decorated with foliage
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00592-00136589-00136810 animals and the signs of the zodiac and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00593-00136811-00137064 silver and copper and carries a blessing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00594-00137065-00137350 specialized objects include knives arms
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00595-00137351-00137569 and armor always a huge interest to the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00596-00137570-00137770 elite and scientific instruments such as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00597-00137771-00138009 astrolabes as well as jewellery
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00598-00138010-00138250 decoration is typically densely packed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00599-00138251-00138448 and very often includes Arabic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00600-00138449-00138673 in calligraphy sometimes naming an owner
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00601-00138674-00139061 and giving a date
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00602-00139062-00139471 topic other applied arts
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00603-00139472-00139625 you
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00604-00139626-00139847 high levels of achievement were reached
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00605-00139848-00140054 in other materials including hardstone
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00606-00140055-00140288 carvings and jewelry ivory carving
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00607-00140289-00140540 textiles and leather work during the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00608-00140541-00140783 Middle Ages Islamic work in these fields
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00609-00140784-00140969 was highly valued in other parts of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00610-00140970-00141137 world and often traded outside the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00611-00141138-00141236 Islamic zone
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00612-00141237-00141461 apart from miniature painting in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00613-00141462-00141656 calligraphy other arts of the book are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00614-00141657-00141866 decorative illumination the only type
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00615-00141867-00142109 found in Quran manuscripts and Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00616-00142110-00142286 book covers which are often highly
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00617-00142287-00142517 decorative in luxury manuscripts using
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00618-00142518-00142700 either the geometric motifs found in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00619-00142701-00142907 illumination or sometimes figurative
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00620-00142908-00143117 images probably drawn for the craftsman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00621-00143118-00143414 by miniature painters materials include
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00622-00143415-00143618 colored tooled and stamped leather and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00623-00143619-00143990 lacquer over paint
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00624-00143991-00144517 topic precious stones
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00625-00144518-00144764 Egyptian carving of rock crystal into
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00626-00144765-00144941 vessels appears in the late 10th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00627-00144942-00145175 and virtually disappears after about
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00628-00145176-00145472 1040 there are a number of these vessels
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00629-00145473-00145667 in the West which apparently came on the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00630-00145668-00145856 market after the Cairo Palace of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00631-00145857-00146039 Fatimid caliph was looted by his
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00632-00146040-00146312 mercenaries in 1062 and were snapped up
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00633-00146313-00146549 by European buyers mostly ending up in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00634-00146550-00146816 church Treasuries from later periods
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00635-00146817-00147035 especially the hugely wealthy ottoman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00636-00147036-00147170 and Mughal courts there are a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00637-00147171-00147380 considerable number of lavish objects
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00638-00147381-00147581 carved in semi-precious stones with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00639-00147582-00147797 little surface decoration but inset with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00640-00147798-00148076 jewels such objects may have been made
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00641-00148077-00148576 in earlier periods but few have survived
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00642-00148577-00149098 topic house and furniture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00643-00149099-00149401 older woodcarving is typically relief or
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00644-00149402-00149593 pierced work on flat objects for
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00645-00149594-00149836 architectural use such as screens doors
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00646-00149837-00150157 roofs beams and freezes an important
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00647-00150158-00150354 exception are the complex Mook Arnaz and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00648-00150355-00150574 Makara Bey designs giving roofs and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00649-00150575-00150727 other architectural elements a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00650-00150728-00150979 stalactite like appearance these are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00651-00150980-00151183 often in wood sometimes painted on the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00652-00151184-00151372 wood but often plastered over before
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00653-00151373-00151588 painting the examples at the Alhambra in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00654-00151589-00151829 Granada Spain are among the best-known
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00655-00151830-00152113 traditional Islamic furniture except for
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00656-00152114-00152269 chests tended to be covered with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00657-00152270-00152443 cushions with cupboards rather than
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00658-00152444-00152623 cabinets for storage but there are some
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00659-00152624-00152839 pieces including a low round strictly
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00660-00152840-00153139 12-sided table of about 1560 from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00661-00153140-00153343 Ottoman court with marquetry inlays in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00662-00153344-00153550 light wood and a single huge ceramic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00663-00153551-00153826 tile or plaque on the tabletop the fine
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00664-00153827-00154009 inlays typical of Ottoman court
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00665-00154010-00154210 furniture may have developed from styles
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00666-00154211-00154378 and techniques used in weapons and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00667-00154379-00154582 musical instruments for which the finest
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00668-00154583-00154854 craftsmanship available was used there
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00669-00154855-00155083 are also intricately decorated caskets
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00670-00155084-00155269 and chests from various periods a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00671-00155270-00155545 spectacular and famous and far from flat
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00672-00155546-00155761 roof was one of the Islamic components
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00673-00155762-00155947 of the 12th century Mormon cappella
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00674-00155948-00156163 Palatina in Palermo which picked from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00675-00156164-00156316 the finest elements of Catholic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00676-00156317-00156604 Byzantine and Islamic art other famous
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00677-00156605-00156793 wooden roofs are in the Alhambra in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00678-00156794-00157152 Granada
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00679-00157153-00157625 topic ivory
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00680-00157626-00157817 ivory carvings centered on the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00681-00157818-00158033 Mediterranean spreading from Egypt where
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00682-00158034-00158201 a thriving Coptic industry had been
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00683-00158202-00158486 inherited Persian ivory is rare the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00684-00158487-00158684 normal style was a deep relief with an
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00685-00158685-00158905 even surface some pieces were painted
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00686-00158906-00159203 Spain specialized in caskets and round
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00687-00159204-00159419 boxes which were probably used to keep
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00688-00159420-00159680 jewels and perfumes they were produced
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00689-00159681-00159929 mainly in the approximate period 9 300
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00690-00159930-00160307 105 oh and widely exported many pieces
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00691-00160308-00160526 are signed and dated and on court pieces
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00692-00160527-00160715 the name of the owner is often inscribed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00693-00160716-00160904 they were typically gifts from a ruler
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00694-00160905-00161204 as well as a court workshop Cordoba had
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00695-00161205-00161414 commercial workshops producing goods of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00696-00161415-00161690 slightly lower quality in the 12th and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00697-00161691-00161960 13th century workshops in Norman Sicily
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00698-00161961-00162149 produced caskets apparently then
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00699-00162150-00162344 migrating to Granada and elsewhere after
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00700-00162345-00162650 persecution Egyptian work tended to be
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00701-00162651-00162881 in flat panels and freezes for insertion
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00702-00162882-00163079 into wood work and probably furniture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00703-00163080-00163232 most are now detached from their
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00704-00163233-00163493 settings many were calligraphic and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00705-00163494-00163703 others continued Byzantine traditions of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00706-00163704-00163871 hunting scenes with backgrounds of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00707-00163872-00164353 arabesques and foliage in both cases
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00708-00164354-00164824 Topic silk
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00709-00164825-00165055 despite had ethic sayings against the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00710-00165056-00165214 wearing of silk the Byzantine and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00711-00165215-00165430 sasanian traditions of Grand figured
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00712-00165431-00165661 silk woven cloth continued under Islam
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00713-00165662-00165910 some designs are calligraphic especially
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00714-00165911-00166114 when made for pauls to cover a tomb but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00715-00166115-00166291 more are surprisingly conservative
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00716-00166292-00166480 versions of the earlier traditions with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00717-00166481-00166683 many large figures of animals especially
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00718-00166684-00166927 majestic symbols of power like the lion
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00719-00166928-00167194 and eagle these are often enclosed in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00720-00167195-00167362 roundels as found in the pre-islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00721-00167363-00167692 traditions the majority of early silks
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00722-00167693-00167869 have been recovered from tombs and in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00723-00167870-00168064 Europe reliquaries where the relics were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00724-00168065-00168364 often wrapped in silk European clergy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00725-00168365-00168601 and nobility were keen buyers of Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00726-00168602-00168796 silk from an early date and for example
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00727-00168797-00169024 the body of an early bishop of tulle in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00728-00169025-00169198 France was wrapped in a silk from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00729-00169199-00169408 bukhara area in modern uzbekistan
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00730-00169409-00169618 probably when the body was reburied in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00731-00169619-00170005 820 the Shroud of st. Joseph Amos say
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00732-00170006-00170182 might cloth from east Persia which
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00733-00170183-00170392 originally had a carpet like design with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00734-00170393-00170569 two pairs of confronted elephants
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00735-00170570-00170779 surrounded by borders including rows of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00736-00170780-00171001 camels and an inscription in Kufa script
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00737-00171002-00171192 from which the date appears to be before
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00738-00171193-00171541 961 other silks were used for clothes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00739-00171542-00171772 hangings altaïr cloths and church
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00740-00171773-00171955 vestments which have nearly all been
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00741-00171956-00172261 lost except for some vestments Ottoman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00742-00172262-00172456 silks were less exported and the many
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00743-00172457-00172669 surviving royal captain's have simpler
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00744-00172670-00172858 geometric patterns many featuring
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00745-00172859-00173203 stylized tiger stripes below three balls
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00746-00173204-00173461 or circles other silks have foliage
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00747-00173462-00173671 designs comparable to those on iznik
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00748-00173672-00173887 pottery or carpets with bands forming o
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00749-00173888-00174199 jival compartments a popular motif some
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00750-00174200-00174412 designs begin to show Italian influence
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00751-00174413-00174688 by the 16th century persian silk was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00752-00174689-00174877 using smaller patterns many of which
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00753-00174878-00175051 showed relaxed garden scenes of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00754-00175052-00175243 beautiful boys and girls from the same
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00755-00175244-00175423 world as those in contemporary album
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00756-00175424-00175660 miniatures and sometimes identifiable
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00757-00175661-00175954 scenes from persian poetry a 16th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00758-00175955-00176233 century circular ceiling for 1/10 97
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00759-00176234-00176455 centimeters across shows a continuous
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00760-00176456-00176620 and crowded hunting scene it was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00761-00176621-00176773 apparently looted by the army of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00762-00176774-00176989 Suleiman the Magnificent in his invasion
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00763-00176990-00177343 of Persia in 1543 245 before being taken
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00764-00177344-00177526 by a Polish general at the siege of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00765-00177527-00177907 Vienna in 1683 mughal silks incorporate
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00766-00177908-00178096 many indian elements and often feature
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00767-00178097-00178215 relatively realist
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00768-00178216-00178509 dick portraits of plants as found in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00769-00178510-00178916 other media
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00770-00178917-00179385 topic Indonesian batik
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00771-00179386-00179586 the development and refinement of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00772-00179587-00179781 Indonesian batik cloth was closely
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00773-00179782-00180029 linked to Islam the Islamic prohibition
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00774-00180030-00180219 on certain images encouraged batik
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00775-00180220-00180404 design to become more abstract and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00776-00180405-00180669 intricate realistic depictions of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00777-00180670-00180816 animals and humans are rare on
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00778-00180817-00180945 traditional batik
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00779-00180946-00181194 however mythical serpents humans with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00780-00181195-00181401 exaggerated features in the garuda of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00781-00181402-00181694 pre-islamic mythology are common motifs
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00782-00181695-00181968 although its existence predates Islam
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00783-00181969-00182208 batik reached its zenith in royal muslim
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00784-00182209-00182418 courts such as Madara min yogyakarta
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00785-00182419-00182622 whose Sultan's encouraged and patronized
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00786-00182623-00182901 batik production today batik is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00787-00182902-00183120 undergoing a revival and cloths are used
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00788-00183121-00183324 for additional purposes such as wrapping
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00789-00183325-00183737 the Quran
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00790-00183738-00184175 topic history
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00791-00184176-00184654 topic beginnings
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00792-00184655-00185148 topic pre-dynastic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00793-00185149-00185400 the period of a rapid expansion of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00794-00185401-00185607 Islamic era forms a reasonably accurate
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00795-00185608-00185832 beginning for the label of Islamic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00796-00185833-00186102 early geographical boundaries of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00797-00186103-00186279 Islamic culture were in present-day
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00798-00186280-00186528 Syria it is quite difficult to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00799-00186529-00186765 distinguish the earliest Islamic objects
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00800-00186766-00186945 from their predecessors in Persian or
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00801-00186946-00187134 sassanid and Byzantine art and the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00802-00187135-00187291 conversion of the mass of the population
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00803-00187292-00187548 including artists took a significant
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00804-00187549-00187752 period sometimes centuries after the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00805-00187753-00188010 initial Muslim conquest there was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00806-00188011-00188216 notably a significant production of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00807-00188217-00188427 unglazed ceramics witnessed by a famous
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00808-00188428-00188634 small bowl preserved in the Louvre whose
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00809-00188635-00188838 inscription assures its attribution to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00810-00188839-00189129 the Islamic period plant motifs were the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00811-00189130-00189266 most important in these early
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00812-00189267-00189600 productions influences from the sasanian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00813-00189601-00189804 artistic tradition include the image of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00814-00189805-00189981 the king as a warrior and the lion as a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00815-00189982-00190287 symbol of nobility and virility Bedouin
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00816-00190288-00190461 tribal traditions mixed with the more
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00817-00190462-00190653 sophisticated styles of the conquered
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00818-00190654-00190941 territories for an initial period coins
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00819-00190942-00191139 had human figures in the Byzantine and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00820-00191140-00191406 sasanian style perhaps to reassure users
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00821-00191407-00191579 of their continued value before the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00822-00191580-00191781 Islamic style with lettering only took
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00823-00191782-00192129 over
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00824-00192130-00192673 topic Umayyad religious and civic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00825-00192674-00192847 architecture were developed under the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00826-00192848-00193251 Umayyad dynasty 661 to 750 when new
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00827-00193252-00193440 concepts and new plans were put into
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00828-00193441-00193708 practice the Dome of the rock in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00829-00193709-00193909 Jerusalem is one of the most important
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00830-00193910-00194079 buildings in all of Islamic architecture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00831-00194080-00194344 marked by a strong Byzantine influence
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00832-00194345-00194581 mosaic against a gold background and a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00833-00194582-00194754 central plan that recalls that of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00834-00194755-00194904 Church of the Holy Sepulchre
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00835-00194905-00195087 but already bearing purely Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00836-00195088-00195273 elements such as the great epigraphic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00837-00195274-00195588 frieze the desert palaces in Jordan and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00838-00195589-00195888 Syria for example mSATA Qasr amra and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00839-00195889-00196128 kya baat al maha served the caliphs as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00840-00196129-00196326 living quarters reception halls and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00841-00196327-00196560 baths and were decorated including some
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00842-00196561-00196744 wall paintings to promote an image of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00843-00196745-00197083 royal luxury work in ceramics was still
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00844-00197084-00197281 somewhat primitive unglazed during this
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00845-00197282-00197572 period some metal objects have survived
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00846-00197573-00197734 from this time but it remains rather
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00847-00197735-00197937 difficult to distinguish these objects
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00848-00197938-00198159 from those of the pre-islamic period
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00849-00198160-00198423 Abid al malik introduced standard
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00850-00198424-00198571 coinage that featured Arabic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00851-00198572-00198774 inscriptions instead of images of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00852-00198775-00199018 monarch the quick development of a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00853-00199019-00199219 localized coinage around the time of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00854-00199220-00199369 Dome of the rocks construction
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00855-00199370-00199548 demonstrates the reorientation of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00856-00199549-00199834 Umayyad acculturation this period saw
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00857-00199835-00200056 the genesis of a particularly Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00858-00200057-00200383 art in this period Umayyad artists and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00859-00200384-00200569 artisans did not invent a new vocabulary
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00860-00200570-00200809 but began to prefer those received from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00861-00200810-00201019 Mediterranean and Iranian late antiquity
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00862-00201020-00201220 which they adapted to their own artistic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00863-00201221-00201315 conceptions
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00864-00201316-00201576 for example the mosaics in the Great
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00865-00201577-00201745 Mosque of Damascus are based on
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00866-00201746-00201924 Byzantine models but replace the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00867-00201925-00202120 figurative elements with images of trees
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00868-00202121-00202425 and cities the desert palaces also bear
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00869-00202426-00202665 witness to these influences by combining
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00870-00202666-00202836 the various traditions that they had
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00871-00202837-00203076 inherited and by readapting motifs and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00872-00203077-00203301 architectural elements artists created
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00873-00203302-00203509 little by little a typically Muslim art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00874-00203510-00203679 particularly discernible in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00875-00203680-00203865 aesthetic of the arabesque which appears
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00876-00203866-00204051 both on monuments and in illuminated
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00877-00204052-00204456 qur'an's
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00878-00204457-00204885 topic abbasid
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00879-00204886-00205292 the Abbasid dynasty 750 ad to 1258
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00880-00205294-00205461 witnessed the movement of the capital
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00881-00205462-00205665 from Damascus to Baghdad and then from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00882-00205666-00205956 Baghdad to Samara the shift to Baghdad
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00883-00205957-00206232 influenced politics culture and art art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00884-00206233-00206577 historian Robert Hillenbrand 1999 likens
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00885-00206578-00206739 the movement to the foundation event
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00886-00206740-00207017 Islamic Rome because the meeting of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00887-00207019-00207258 Eastern influences from Iranian Eurasian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00888-00207259-00207444 steppe Chinese and Indian sources
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00889-00207444-00207734 created a new paradigm for Islamic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00890-00207735-00207996 classical forms inherited from Byzantine
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00891-00207996-00208191 Europe and greco-roman sources were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00892-00208192-00208383 discarded in favour of those drawn from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00893-00208384-00208662 the new Islamic hub even the design of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00894-00208663-00208844 the city of Baghdad placed it in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00895-00208846-00209136 navel of the world as ninth century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00896-00209137-00209367 historian Al yaqoob' wrote the ancient
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00897-00209367-00209604 city of Baghdad cannot be excavated well
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00898-00209605-00209804 as it lies beneath the modern city
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00899-00209805-00210111 however Abbasid samara which was largely
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00900-00210112-00210327 abandoned has been well studied and is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00901-00210328-00210504 known for its surviving examples of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00902-00210505-00210687 stucco reliefs in which the prehistory
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00903-00210688-00210984 of the arabesque can be traced motifs
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00904-00210985-00211191 known from the stucco at Samara permit
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00905-00211192-00211371 the dating of structures built elsewhere
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00906-00211371-00211551 and are furthermore found on portable
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00907-00211552-00211779 objects particular in wood from Egypt
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00908-00211780-00212061 through to Iran Samara witnessed a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00909-00212062-00212433 coming-of-age of Islamic art polychrome
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00910-00212434-00212573 painted stucco allowed for
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00911-00212575-00212796 experimentation in new styles of molding
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00912-00212796-00213078 and carving the Abbasid period also
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00913-00213079-00213306 coincided with two major innovations in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00914-00213307-00213483 the ceramic arts the invention of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00915-00213484-00213780 feeantz and of metallic luster ware had
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00916-00213781-00213987 a thick prohibition of the use of golden
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00917-00213988-00214200 or silver vessels led to the development
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00918-00214201-00214416 of metallic luster wherein pottery which
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00919-00214417-00214619 was made by mixing sulfur and metallic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00920-00214621-00214848 oxides to ochre and vinegar painted onto
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00921-00214848-00215046 an already glazed vessel and then fired
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00922-00215046-00215313 a second time it was expensive and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00923-00215314-00215487 difficult to manage the second round
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00924-00215488-00215667 through the kiln but the wish to exceed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00925-00215667-00215846 fine Chinese porcelain led to the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00926-00215848-00216114 development of this technique though the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00927-00216115-00216333 common perception of Abbasid artistic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00928-00216334-00216537 production focuses largely on pottery
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00929-00216538-00216738 the greatest development of the Abbasid
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00930-00216739-00217046 period was in textiles government run
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00931-00217048-00217298 workshops known as Tara's produced silks
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00932-00217300-00217491 bearing the name of the monarch allowing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00933-00217492-00217671 for aristocrats to demonstrate their
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00934-00217671-00217941 loyalty to the ruler other silks were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00935-00217942-00218184 pictorial the utility of silk wear in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00936-00218185-00218271 wall decor
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00937-00218271-00218475 entrance adornment and room seperation
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00938-00218476-00218682 was not as important as its cash value
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00939-00218683-00218933 along the Silk Route
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00940-00218934-00219194 calligraphy began to be used in surface
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00941-00219196-00219448 decoration on pottery during this period
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00942-00219449-00219659 illuminated currents gained attention
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00943-00219660-00219899 letterforms now more complex and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00944-00219900-00220055 stylized to the point of slowing down
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00945-00220056-00220526 the recognition of the words themselves
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00946-00220527-00221209 topic medieval period 915 centuries
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00947-00221210-00221467 beginning in the 9th century Abbasid
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00948-00221467-00221626 sovereignty was contested in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00949-00221627-00221794 provinces furthest removed from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00950-00221794-00222073 iraqi center the creation of a Shia
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00951-00222073-00222246 dynasty that of the north african
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00952-00222248-00222451 fatimids followed by the Umayyads in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00953-00222452-00222669 spain gave forced to this opposition as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00954-00222671-00222886 well as small dynasties and autonomous
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00955-00222887-00223240 governors in Iran
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00956-00223241-00223752 topic Spain in the Maghreb
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00957-00223753-00224028 the first Islamic dynasty to establish
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00958-00224029-00224271 itself in Spain or al-andalus was that
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00959-00224271-00224514 of the Spanish you Mayans as their name
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00960-00224515-00224688 indicates they were descended from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00961-00224689-00224969 great Umayyads of Syria after their fall
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00962-00224971-00225167 the Spanish Umayyads were replaced by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00963-00225169-00225405 various autonomous kingdoms the typhus
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00964-00225406-00225681 10:31 291 but the artistic production
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00965-00225682-00225855 from this period does not differ
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00966-00225856-00226038 significantly from that of the Umayyads
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00967-00226039-00226314 at the end of the 11th century two
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00968-00226315-00226512 Berber tribes the Almoravids and the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00969-00226513-00226673 almohads captured the head of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00970-00226675-00226911 Maghreb in Spain successively bringing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00971-00226912-00227211 Maghrebi influences into art a series of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00972-00227212-00227448 military victories by Christian monarchs
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00973-00227448-00227676 had reduced Islamic Spain by the end of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00974-00227677-00227873 the 14th century to the city of Granada
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00975-00227875-00228135 ruled by the nasira dynasty who managed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00976-00228136-00228428 to maintain their hold until 1492
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00977-00228429-00228708 al-andalus was a great cultural center
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00978-00228709-00228917 of the Middle Ages besides the great
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00979-00228919-00229134 universities which taught philosophies
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00980-00229135-00229350 and sciences yet unknown in Christendom
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00981-00229351-00229563 such as those of avarice the territory
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00982-00229564-00229875 was an equally vital center for art many
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00983-00229876-00230021 techniques were employed in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00984-00230023-00230286 manufacture of objects ivory was used
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00985-00230287-00230519 extensively for the manufacture of boxes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00986-00230521-00230790 and caskets the Pyxis of Alma guerra as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00987-00230791-00231036 a masterwork of the genre in metalwork
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00988-00231037-00231255 large sculptures in the round normally
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00989-00231256-00231411 rather scarce in the Islamic world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00990-00231412-00231621 served as elaborate receptacles for
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00991-00231621-00231906 water or as fountains Fouts a great
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00992-00231907-00232146 number of textiles most notably silks
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00993-00232146-00232326 were exported many are found in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00994-00232327-00232500 church Treasuries of Christendom where
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00995-00232501-00232646 they served as covering for saints
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00996-00232648-00232929 reliquaries from the periods of Maghrebi
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00997-00232930-00233117 rule one may also note a taste for
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00998-00233119-00233423 painted and sculpted woodwork the art of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-00999-00233425-00233669 North Africa is not as well studied the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01000-00233671-00233880 almoravid and Almohad dynasties are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01001-00233881-00234063 characterized by a tendency toward
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01002-00234064-00234276 austerity for example in mosques with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01003-00234277-00234585 bare walls nevertheless luxury arts
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01004-00234586-00234744 continued to be produced in great
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01005-00234744-00234960 quantity the marinade and half said
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01006-00234961-00235167 dynasties developed an important but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01007-00235167-00235380 poorly understood architecture and a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01008-00235381-00235544 significant amount of painted and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01009-00235546-00236006 sculpted woodwork
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01010-00236007-00236369 Arab mish reek
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01011-00236369-00236606 the Fatimid dynasty which reigned in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01012-00236607-00236930 Egypt from 909 and 1171 introduced
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01013-00236931-00237119 crafts and knowledge from politically
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01014-00237119-00237419 troubled Baghdad to Cairo by the year
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01015-00237419-00237638 1070 the seljuqs emerged as the dominant
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01016-00237639-00237832 political force in the Muslim world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01017-00237833-00238042 after they liberated Baghdad and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01018-00238044-00238217 defeated the Byzantines at Mons occurred
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01019-00238217-00238456 during the rule of Malik Shah the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01020-00238457-00238642 seljuks excelled in architecture at the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01021-00238644-00238841 same time in Syria the Atta Beggs
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01022-00238842-00239056 governors of seljuq Prince's assumed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01023-00239057-00239363 power quite independent they capitalized
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01024-00239364-00239579 on conflicts with the Frankish crusaders
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01025-00239580-00239959 in 1171 Saladin seized Fatima in Egypt
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01026-00239960-00240157 and installed the transitory Ayyubid
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01027-00240158-00240425 dynasty on the throne this period is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01028-00240426-00240629 notable for innovations in metallurgy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01029-00240630-00240823 and the widespread manufacture of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01030-00240825-00241025 Damascus steel swords and daggers and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01031-00241026-00241244 the production ceramics glass and metal
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01032-00241244-00241415 work of a high quality were produced
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01033-00241416-00241601 without interruption an enameled glass
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01034-00241602-00241969 became another important craft in 1250
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01035-00241971-00242189 the Mamluks seized control of Egypt from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01036-00242190-00242462 the eye obits and by 1261 had managed to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01037-00242463-00242663 assert themselves in Syria as well their
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01038-00242664-00242963 most famous ruler was Vipers the Mamluks
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01039-00242964-00243194 were not strictly speaking a dynasty as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01040-00243194-00243394 they did not maintain a patrilineal mode
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01041-00243396-00243631 of succession in fact Mamluks were freed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01042-00243632-00243851 turkish and caucasian slaves who in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01043-00243852-00244019 theory passed the power to others of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01044-00244019-00244250 like station this mode of government
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01045-00244251-00244494 persevered for three centuries until
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01046-00244496-00244748 1517 and gave rise to abundant
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01047-00244748-00244976 architectural projects many thousands of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01048-00244977-00245138 buildings were constructed during this
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01049-00245139-00245356 period while patronage of luxury arts
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01050-00245357-00245555 favored primarily enameled glass and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01051-00245556-00245705 metalwork and is remembered as the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01052-00245706-00245884 Golden Age of medieval Egypt the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01053-00245885-00246181 baptists thierry de st. louis in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01054-00246182-00246367 louvre is an example of the very high
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01055-00246369-00246805 quality of metalwork at this period
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01056-00246806-00247341 topic Iran and Central Asia
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01057-00247342-00247604 in Iran in the north of India the two he
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01058-00247605-00247698 reads Samanas
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01059-00247698-00247928 ghaznavids and gorod struggled for power
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01060-00247929-00248151 in the 10th century an art was a vital
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01061-00248152-00248421 element of this competition great cities
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01062-00248421-00248613 were built such as nishapur in Ghazni
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01063-00248614-00248807 and the construction of the Great Mosque
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01064-00248808-00249039 of Isfahan which would continue in fits
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01065-00249040-00249248 and starts over several centuries was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01066-00249250-00249569 initiated funerary architecture was also
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01067-00249571-00249750 cultivated while Potter's developed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01068-00249751-00249969 quite individual styles kaleidoscopic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01069-00249969-00250196 ornament on a yellow ground or marble
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01070-00250198-00250409 decorations created by allowing colored
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01071-00250410-00250628 glazes to run or painting with multiple
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01072-00250629-00250896 layers of slip under the glaze the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01073-00250896-00251129 Seljuks nomads of Turkic origin from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01074-00251130-00251328 present-day Mongolia appeared on the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01075-00251329-00251534 stage of Islamic history toward the end
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01076-00251535-00251814 of the 10th century they seized Baghdad
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01077-00251815-00252158 in 1048 before dying out in 1194 in Iran
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01078-00252159-00252467 although the production of Seljuk works
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01079-00252469-00252651 continued through the end of the 12th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01080-00252652-00252854 and beginning of the 13th century under
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01081-00252855-00253062 the auspices of smaller independent
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01082-00253063-00253328 sovereigns and patrons during their time
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01083-00253329-00253556 the center of culture politics and art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01084-00253557-00253754 production shifted from Damascus and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01085-00253755-00254046 Baghdad to Merv Misha pure our ayy and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01086-00254046-00254408 Isfahan all in Iran popular patronage
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01087-00254409-00254628 expanded because of a growing economy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01088-00254629-00254892 and new urban wealth inscriptions in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01089-00254892-00255098 architecture tended to focus more on the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01090-00255100-00255353 patrons of the peace for example
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01091-00255354-00255564 Sultan's béziers or lower ranking
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01092-00255565-00255758 officials would receive often mention in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01093-00255759-00256062 inscriptions on mosques meanwhile growth
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01094-00256063-00256266 and mass market production and sale of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01095-00256267-00256442 art made it more commonplace and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01096-00256444-00256575 accessible to merchants and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01097-00256576-00256805 professionals because of increased
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01098-00256806-00257006 production many relics have survived
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01099-00257007-00257175 from the Seljuk era and can be easily
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01100-00257176-00257487 dated in contrast the dating of earlier
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01101-00257488-00257751 works is more ambiguous it is therefore
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01102-00257752-00257952 easy to mistake seljuq art as new
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01103-00257953-00258131 developments rather than inheritance
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01104-00258132-00258323 from classical Iranian and Turkic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01105-00258325-00258540 sources innovations in ceramics from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01106-00258541-00258728 this period include the production of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01107-00258729-00258894 man eyewear and the manufacture of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01108-00258894-00259103 vessels not out of clay but out of a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01109-00259104-00259392 silicon paste fridge where while metal
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01110-00259392-00259583 workers began to encrust bronze with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01111-00259584-00259827 precious metals across the Seljuk era
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01112-00259828-00260076 from Iran to Iraq a unification of book
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01113-00260077-00260321 painting can be seen these paintings
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01114-00260323-00260517 have animalistic figures that convey
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01115-00260517-00260730 strong symbolic meaning of fidelity
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01116-00260731-00260946 treachery encouraged during the 13th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01117-00260946-00261126 century the Mongols under the leadership
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01118-00261127-00261306 of Genghis Khan swept through the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01119-00261307-00261612 Islamic world after his death his empire
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01120-00261613-00261831 was divided among his sons forming many
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01121-00261832-00262077 dynasties the yuan in China the Elkanah
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01122-00262078-00262257 ads in Iran and the Golden Horde in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01123-00262258-00262717 northern Iran and southern Russia
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01124-00262718-00263094 topic L qanats
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01125-00263095-00263337 a rich civilization developed under
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01126-00263338-00263637 these little cons who were originally
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01127-00263638-00263829 subservient to the yuan emperor but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01128-00263830-00264138 rapidly became independent architectural
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01129-00264139-00264351 activity intensified as the mongols
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01130-00264352-00264573 became sedentary and retained traces of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01131-00264574-00264765 their nomadic origins such as the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01132-00264766-00264966 north-south orientation of the buildings
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01133-00264967-00265298 at the same time a process of ionization
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01134-00265299-00265590 took place and construction according to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01135-00265591-00265818 previously established types such as the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01136-00265819-00266183 Iranian plan mosques was resumed the art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01137-00266184-00266388 of the Persian book was also born under
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01138-00266389-00266565 this dynasty and was encouraged by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01139-00266566-00266751 aristocratic patronage of large
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01140-00266752-00266997 manuscripts such as the Jami Aalto eric
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01141-00266998-00267318 by rashid alden hamid any new techniques
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01142-00267319-00267549 in ceramics appeared such as the lag VAR
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01143-00267550-00267756 dina a variation on leicester where and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01144-00267757-00267972 chinese influences perceptible in all
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01145-00267973-00268239 arts
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01146-00268240-00268491 topic the Golden Horde and the tea
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01147-00268492-00268798 morons
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01148-00268799-00269002 the early arts of the nomads of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01149-00269003-00269205 Golden Horde are poorly understood
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01150-00269206-00269460 research is only beginning and evidence
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01151-00269461-00269647 for Town Planning and architecture has
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01152-00269648-00269863 been discovered there was also a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01153-00269864-00270073 significant production of works in gold
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01154-00270074-00270244 which often show a strong Chinese
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01155-00270245-00270538 influence much of this work is preserved
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01156-00270539-00270829 today in the Hermitage the beginning of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01157-00270830-00271006 the third great period of medieval
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01158-00271007-00271207 Iranian art that of the tea moritz was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01159-00271208-00271390 marked by the invasion of a third group
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01160-00271391-00271610 of nomads under the direction of timur
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01161-00271611-00271891 during the 15th century this dynasty
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01162-00271892-00272119 gave rise to a golden age in persian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01163-00272120-00272308 manuscript painting including renowned
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01164-00272309-00272575 painters such as kamal ud-din behzod but
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01165-00272576-00272755 also a multitude of workshops and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01166-00272756-00273060 patrons
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01167-00273061-00273664 topic Syria Iraq Anatolia
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01168-00273665-00273933 the Seljuk Turks pushed beyond Iran into
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01169-00273934-00274131 Anatolia winning a victory over the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01170-00274132-00274335 Byzantine Empire in the Battle of Mons
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01171-00274336-00274602 occur 1071 and setting up a Sultanate
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01172-00274603-00274795 independent of the Iranian branch of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01173-00274796-00275076 dynasty their power seems largely to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01174-00275077-00275205 have waned following the Mongol
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01175-00275206-00275481 invasions in 12:43 but coins were struck
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01176-00275482-00275832 under their name until 1304 architecture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01177-00275833-00276060 and objects synthesized various styles
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01178-00276061-00276276 both Iranian and Syrian sometimes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01179-00276277-00276499 rendering precise attributions difficult
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01180-00276500-00276763 the art of woodworking was cultivated
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01181-00276764-00276967 and at least one Illustrated manuscript
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01182-00276968-00277260 dates to this period caravanserai 'zed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01183-00277261-00277462 dotted the major trade routes across the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01184-00277463-00277645 region placed at intervals of a day's
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01185-00277646-00277870 travel the construction of these
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01186-00277871-00278091 caravanserai ends improved in scale
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01187-00278092-00278409 fortification and replicability also
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01188-00278410-00278627 they began to contain central mosques
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01189-00278628-00278904 the Turkmen were nomads who settled in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01190-00278905-00279115 the area of Lake van they were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01191-00279116-00279343 responsible for a number of mosques such
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01192-00279344-00279538 as the Blue Mosque in Tabriz and they
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01193-00279539-00279739 had a decisive influence after the fall
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01194-00279740-00280045 of the Anatolian Seljuks starting in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01195-00280046-00280308 13th century Anatolia was dominated by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01196-00280309-00280495 small Turkmen dynasties which
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01197-00280496-00280683 progressively chipped away at Byzantine
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01198-00280684-00280942 territory little by little a major
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01199-00280943-00281173 dynasty emerged that of the Ottomans who
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01200-00281174-00281473 after 1450 are referred to as the first
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01201-00281474-00281784 Ottomans Turkmen artworks can be seen as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01202-00281785-00281934 the foreigners of ottoman art in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01203-00281935-00282247 particular the Malay ceramics and the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01204-00282248-00282537 first blue-and-white Anatolian works
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01205-00282538-00282759 Islamic book painting witnessed its
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01206-00282760-00282943 first Golden Age in the 13th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01207-00282944-00283294 mostly from Syria and Iraq influence
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01208-00283295-00283530 from Byzantine visual vocabulary blue
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01209-00283531-00283768 and gold coloring angelic and victorious
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01210-00283769-00284026 motifs symbology of drapery combined
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01211-00284027-00284229 with facial types in 12th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01212-00284230-00284512 century book frontispiece 'as earlier
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01213-00284513-00284730 coinage necessarily featured Arabic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01214-00284731-00284974 epigraphs but as IO bid society became
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01215-00284975-00285177 more cosmopolitan and multi-ethnic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01216-00285178-00285405 coinage began to feature astrological
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01217-00285406-00285613 figural featuring a variety of Greek
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01218-00285614-00285855 Seleucid Byzantine sasanian and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01219-00285856-00286080 contemporary Turkish rulers busts and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01220-00286081-00286423 animal images Hillenbrand suggests that
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01221-00286424-00286612 the medieval Islamic texts called
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01222-00286613-00286854 mahkumat copied and illustrated by Yahya
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01223-00286855-00287050 ibn Mahmud al-wasat II were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01224-00287051-00287374 the earliest coffee table books they
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01225-00287375-00287557 were among the first texts to hold up a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01226-00287558-00287752 mirror to daily life in Islamic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01227-00287753-00287968 portraying humorous stories and showing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01228-00287969-00288139 little to no inheritance of pictorial
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01229-00288140-00288452 tradition
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01230-00288453-00288966 topic indian subcontinent
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01231-00288967-00289208 the indian sub-continent some northern
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01232-00289209-00289344 parts of which conquered by the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01233-00289345-00289527 ghaznavids and gourds in the ninth
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01234-00289528-00289764 century did not become autonomous until
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01235-00289765-00290028 1206 when the Mui Zi or slave Kings
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01236-00290029-00290226 seized power marking the birth of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01237-00290227-00290487 Delhi Sultanate later other competing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01238-00290488-00290751 Sultanate were founded in Bengal Kashmir
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01239-00290752-00290997 Gujarat John / mall WA and in the North
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01240-00290998-00291254 Deccan the BA manit's they separated
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01241-00291255-00291462 themselves little by little from Persian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01242-00291463-00291672 traditions giving birth to an original
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01243-00291673-00291852 approach to architecture and urbanism
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01244-00291853-00292068 marked in particular by interaction with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01245-00292069-00292338 Hindu art study of the production of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01246-00292339-00292569 objects has hardly begun but a lively
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01247-00292570-00292773 art of manuscript illumination is known
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01248-00292774-00293043 the period of the Sultanate ended with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01249-00293044-00293190 the arrival of the Mughals who
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01250-00293191-00293650 progressively seized their territories
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01251-00293651-00294181 topic the three empires
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01252-00294182-00294635 topic Ottomans
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01253-00294636-00294896 the Ottoman Empire whose origins lie in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01254-00294897-00295106 the 14th century continued in existence
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01255-00295107-00295430 until shortly after World War 1 this
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01256-00295431-00295640 impressive longevity combined with an
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01257-00295641-00295814 immense territory stretching from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01258-00295815-00296057 Anatolia to Tunisia led naturally to a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01259-00296058-00296252 vital and distinctive art including
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01260-00296253-00296465 plentiful architecture mass production
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01261-00296466-00296669 of ceramics for both tiles and vessels
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01262-00296670-00296888 most notably iznik where important
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01263-00296889-00297083 metalwork and jewelry turkish paper
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01264-00297084-00297380 marbling Ebru turkish carpets as well as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01265-00297381-00297569 tapestries and exceptional ottoman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01266-00297570-00297737 miniatures and decorative ottoman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01267-00297738-00298037 illumination masterpieces of ottoman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01268-00298038-00298244 manuscript illustration include the two
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01269-00298245-00298613 books of festivals surname I Humayun one
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01270-00298614-00298799 dating from the end of the 16th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01271-00298800-00299000 and the other from the era of Sultan
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01272-00299001-00299240 Murad the third these books contain
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01273-00299241-00299459 numerous illustrations and exhibit a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01274-00299460-00299651 strong south of it influence thus they
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01275-00299652-00299852 may have been inspired by books captured
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01276-00299853-00299987 in the course of the Ottoman Safavid
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01277-00299988-00300344 Wars of the 16th century the Ottomans
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01278-00300345-00300521 are also known for their development of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01279-00300522-00300772 a bright red pigment iznik read in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01280-00300773-00300992 ceramics which reached their height in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01281-00300993-00301226 the 16th century both in tile work and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01282-00301227-00301442 pottery using floral motifs that were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01283-00301443-00301613 considerably transformed from their
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01284-00301614-00301907 Chinese and Persian models from the 18th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01285-00301908-00302090 century Ottoman art came under
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01286-00302091-00302297 considerable European influence the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01287-00302298-00302513 Turks adopting versions of Rococo which
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01288-00302514-00302678 had a lasting and not very beneficial
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01289-00302679-00303188 effect leading to over fussy decoration
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01290-00303189-00303639 topic mughals
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01291-00303640-00303849 the mughal empire in the indian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01292-00303850-00304146 sub-continent lasted from 1526 until
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01293-00304147-00304401 technically 1858 although from the late
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01294-00304402-00304647 17th century power flowed away from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01295-00304648-00304824 emperors to local rulers and later
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01296-00304825-00305031 European powers above all the British
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01297-00305032-00305241 Raj who are the main power in India by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01298-00305242-00305547 the late 18th century the period is most
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01299-00305548-00305754 notable for luxury arts of the court and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01300-00305755-00305970 Mughal styles heavily influenced local
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01301-00305971-00306249 Hindu and later Sikh rulers as well the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01302-00306250-00306450 Mughal miniature began by importing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01303-00306451-00306648 Persian artists especially a group
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01304-00306649-00306873 brought back by Humayun when in exile in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01305-00306874-00307125 Safavid Persia but soon local artists
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01306-00307126-00307367 many Hindu were trained in the style
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01307-00307368-00307611 realistic portraiture and images of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01308-00307612-00307806 animals and plants was developed in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01309-00307807-00307983 Mughal art beyond what the Persians had
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01310-00307984-00308163 so far achieved and the size of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01311-00308164-00308355 miniatures increased sometimes onto
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01312-00308356-00308628 canvas the Mughal court had access to
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01313-00308629-00308838 European prints and other art and these
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01314-00308839-00309021 had increasing influence shown in the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01315-00309022-00309213 gradual introduction of aspects of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01316-00309214-00309399 Western graphical perspective and a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01317-00309400-00309620 wider range of poses in the human figure
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01318-00309621-00309924 some Western images were directly copied
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01319-00309925-00310155 or borrowed from as the courts of local
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01320-00310156-00310362 Nawabs developed distinct provincial
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01321-00310363-00310548 styles with stronger influence from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01322-00310549-00310749 traditional Indian painting developed in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01323-00310750-00310979 both Muslim and Hindu princely courts
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01324-00310980-00311283 the arts of jewelry in hardstone carving
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01325-00311284-00311565 of gemstones such as Jasper Jade adorned
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01326-00311566-00311760 with rubies diamonds and emeralds are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01327-00311761-00311922 mentioned by the Mughal chronicler a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01328-00311923-00312132 bull faisal and a range of examples
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01329-00312133-00312312 survived the series of hard stone
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01330-00312313-00312513 daggers in the form of horses heads is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01331-00312514-00312810 particularly impressive the Mughals were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01332-00312811-00313020 also fined metallurgists they introduced
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01333-00313021-00313233 Damascus steel and refined the locally
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01334-00313234-00313446 produced wootz steel the Mughals also
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01335-00313447-00313716 introduced the bid jury technique of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01336-00313717-00313911 metalwork in which silver motifs are
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01337-00313912-00314093 pressed against a black background
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01338-00314094-00314346 famous Mughal metallurgists like Ali
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01339-00314347-00314580 Kashmiri and Mohamed Salah Tata we
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01340-00314581-00315117 created the seamless celestial globes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01341-00315118-00315577 pick safavids and Kjar x'
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01342-00315578-00315814 the Iranian Safavids a dynasty
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01343-00315815-00316147 stretching from 1501 to 1786 is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01344-00316148-00316297 distinguished from the Mughal and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01345-00316298-00316510 Ottoman empires and earlier Persian
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01346-00316511-00316717 rulers in part through the Shia faith of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01347-00316718-00316900 its Shahs which they succeeded in making
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01348-00316901-00317136 the majority denomination in Persia
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01349-00317137-00317371 ceramic arts are marked by the strong
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01350-00317372-00317590 influence of Chinese porcelain often
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01351-00317591-00317899 executed in blue and white architecture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01352-00317900-00318091 flourished attaining a high point with
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01353-00318092-00318289 the building program of Shah Abbas in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01354-00318290-00318517 Isfahan which included numerous Gardens
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01355-00318518-00318814 palaces such as ali q APU an immense
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01356-00318815-00319144 bazaar and a large Imperial mosque the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01357-00319145-00319357 art of manuscript illumination also
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01358-00319358-00319564 achieved new heights in particular in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01359-00319565-00319744 the Shah Tahmasp Shahnameh an immense
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01360-00319745-00319975 copy of firdaus poem containing more
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01361-00319976-00320353 than 250 paintings in the 17th century a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01362-00320354-00320536 new type of painting develops based
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01363-00320537-00320818 around the album murica the albums were
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01364-00320819-00321001 the creations of connoisseurs who bound
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01365-00321002-00321178 together single sheets containing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01366-00321179-00321394 paintings drawings or calligraphy by
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01367-00321395-00321613 various artists sometimes excised from
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01368-00321614-00321844 earlier books and other times created as
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01369-00321845-00322120 independent works the paintings of reza
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01370-00322121-00322351 a bossy figure largely in this new art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01371-00322352-00322567 of the book depicting one or two larger
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01372-00322568-00322813 figures typically idealized beauties in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01373-00322814-00323014 a garden setting often using the grisel
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01374-00323015-00323218 techniques previously used for border
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01375-00323219-00323494 paintings for the background after the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01376-00323495-00323689 fall of the Safavids the key jars a
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01377-00323690-00323914 Turkmen tribe established from centuries
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01378-00323915-00324130 on the banks of the Caspian Sea assumed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01379-00324131-00324451 power Kjar art displays an increasing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01380-00324452-00324664 European influence as in the large oil
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01381-00324665-00324882 paintings portraying the Kjar Shahs
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01382-00324883-00325165 steel work also assumed a new importance
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01383-00325166-00325411 like the Ottomans the Kjar dynasty
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01384-00325412-00325702 survived until 1925 a few years after
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01385-00325703-00326159 the First World War
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01386-00326160-00326756 topic modern period from the 15th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01387-00326757-00326984 century the number of smaller Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01388-00326985-00327179 courts began to fall as the Ottoman
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01389-00327180-00327383 Empire and later the Safavids and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01390-00327384-00327594 European powers swallowed them up this
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01391-00327595-00327803 had an effect on Islamic art which was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01392-00327804-00328010 usually strongly led by the patronage of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01393-00328011-00328290 the court from at least the 18th century
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01394-00328291-00328488 onwards halide Islamic art was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01395-00328489-00328685 increasingly influenced by European
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01396-00328686-00328874 styles and in the applied arts either
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01397-00328875-00329129 largely adopted Western styles or ceased
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01398-00329130-00329340 to develop retaining whatever style was
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01399-00329341-00329547 prevalent at some point in the late 18th
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01400-00329548-00329862 or early 19th centuries many industries
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01401-00329863-00330083 with very long histories such as pottery
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01402-00330084-00330332 in Iran largely closed while others like
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01403-00330333-00330533 metalwork in brass became generally
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01404-00330534-00330707 frozen in style with much of their
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01405-00330708-00330926 production going to tourists or exported
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01406-00330927-00331229 as oriental exotica the carpet industry
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01407-00331230-00331464 has remained large but mostly uses
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01408-00331465-00331737 designs that originated before 1700 and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01409-00331738-00331931 competes with machine made imitations
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01410-00331932-00332108 both locally and around the world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01411-00332109-00332351 arts and crafts with a broader social
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01412-00332352-00332589 base like the Zelig mosaic tiles of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01413-00332590-00332813 Maghreb have often survived better
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01414-00332814-00333072 Islamic countries have developed modern
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01415-00333073-00333278 and contemporary art with very vigorous
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01416-00333279-00333468 art worlds in some countries but the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01417-00333469-00333623 degree to which these should be grouped
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01418-00333624-00333949 in a special category as Islamic art is
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01419-00333950-00334202 questionable although many artists deal
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01420-00334203-00334392 with Islam related themes and use
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01421-00334393-00334646 traditional elements such as calligraphy
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01422-00334647-00334883 especially in the oil-rich parts of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01423-00334884-00335115 Islamic world much modern architecture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01424-00335116-00335300 and interior decoration makes use of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01425-00335301-00335493 motifs and elements drawn from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01426-00335494-00335933 heritage of Islamic art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01427-00335934-00336470 topic C also
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01428-00336471-00336878 Islamic art portal Kelly graffiti
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01429-00336879-00337531 Islamic culture Islamic graffiti
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01430-00337532-00338070 topic notes
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01431-00338071-00338590 topic references
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01432-00338591-00339016 books and journals le widget in 2001
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01433-00339017-00339262 from the literal to the spiritual the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01434-00339263-00339469 development of the Prophet Muhammad's
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01435-00339470-00339712 portrayal from 13th century Elkin
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01436-00339713-00340085 administers to 17th century Ottoman art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01437-00340086-00340525 PDF ejo s for 7 archived from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01438-00340526-00340899 original PDF on the 3rd of December 2004
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01439-00340900-00341280 Blair s bloom je the Mirage of Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01440-00341281-00341464 art reflections on the study of an
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01441-00341465-00341872 unwieldy field the art bullet in 2003 85
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01442-00341873-00342453 1 152 to 184 PDF bloom Sheila and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01443-00342454-00342766 jonathan EDS rivers of paradise water in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01444-00342767-00343015 Islamic art and culture Yale University
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01445-00343016-00343479 Press 2009 can be Sheila our IDI Shah
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01446-00343480-00343798 boss the remaking of Iran 2009 British
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01447-00343799-00344218 Museum press ISBN 978 oh seven one four
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01448-00344219-00344596 one two four five - Oh editing housing
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01449-00344597-00344869 Richard grabar Oleg Jenkins medina
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01450-00344870-00345238 marilyn 2003 Islamic art and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01451-00345239-00345475 architecture six five oh one to five Oh
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01452-00345476-00346021 2nd ed yale university press ISBN 978 Oh
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01453-00346022-00346438 300 Oh eight-eight 6-9 for arts jones
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01454-00346439-00346776 dalu and mitchell george EDS the arts of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01455-00346777-00347125 islam Arts Council of Great Britain 1976
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01456-00347126-00347478 is B and O seven to eight 700 eight one
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01457-00347479-00347799 six King Donald in Sylvester David EDS
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01458-00347800-00348054 the eastern carpet in the western world
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01459-00348055-00348351 from the 15th to the 17th century Arts
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01460-00348352-00348649 Council of Great Britain London 1983
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01461-00348650-00348916 ISBN oh seven to eight seven oh three
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01462-00348917-00349315 six two nine Hillenbrand Robert Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01463-00349316-00349503 art and architecture Thames & Hudson
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01464-00349504-00349963 world of art series 1999 London is B and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01465-00349964-00350191 nine seven eight oh five hundred two oh
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01466-00350192-00350454 three oh five seven levee Michael the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01467-00350455-00350754 world of Ottoman art 1975 Thames &
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01468-00350755-00351139 Hudson is B&O 500 to 700 six five one
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01469-00351140-00351598 Madan Edward H 1975 some characteristics
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01470-00351599-00351858 of Islamic art Journal of aesthetics and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01471-00351859-00351979 art criticism
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01472-00351980-00352471 33 for Mason Robert B 1995 new looks at
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01473-00352472-00352632 old pots results of recent
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01474-00352633-00352822 multidisciplinary studies of glazed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01475-00352823-00353098 ceramics from the Islamic world mu
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01476-00353099-00353314 Karnas annual on Islamic art and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01477-00353315-00353553 architecture Brill academic publishers
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01478-00353554-00354202 12 ISBN 900 for 103 1 for 7 Rossum
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01479-00354203-00354442 Jessica Chinese ornament the Lotus and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01480-00354443-00354703 the Dragon 1984 British Museum
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01481-00354704-00355003 publications ISBN oh seven one four one
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01482-00355004-00355345 one four three one six Rogers JM and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01483-00355346-00355669 ward RM Suleiman the Magnificent 1988
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01484-00355670-00355960 British Museum publications is B and O
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01485-00355961-00356275 seven one four one one four four oh five
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01486-00356276-00356584 savage George porcelain through the ages
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01487-00356585-00357042 penguin 2nd EDN 1963 Sinclair Susan
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01488-00357043-00357280 bibliography of art and architecture in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01489-00357281-00357640 the Islamic world vol 1 art 2012 brill
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01490-00357641-00357967 topic further reading Abdullahi Y M BMRB
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01491-00357968-00358333 2015 evolution of abstract vegetal
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01492-00358334-00358542 ornaments on Islamic architecture
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01493-00358543-00358777 International Journal of architectural
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01494-00358778-00359131 research arch net IJ AR Carboni Stefano
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01495-00359132-00359473 White House David 2001 glass of the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01496-00359474-00359701 Sultan's New York the Metropolitan
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01497-00359702-00360225 Museum of Art is bno 8 7 9 9 9 8 6 9
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01498-00360226-00360658 Dodds JD 1992 al-andalus
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01499-00360659-00360919 the art of Islamic Spain New York the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01500-00360920-00361231 Metropolitan Museum of Art is B and nine
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01501-00361232-00361474 seven eight oh eight seven oh nine nine
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01502-00361475-00361668 six three six eight
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01503-00361669-00362104 Wilkinson Charles K 1973 Misha pure
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01504-00362105-00362368 pottery of the early Islamic period New
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01505-00362369-00362590 York the Metropolitan Museum of Art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01506-00362591-00362890 ISBN oh eight seven oh nine nine oh
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01507-00362891-00363271 seven six four Yahya Abdullahi Mohammed
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01508-00363272-00363640 Rashid bin MB 2013 evolution of Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01509-00363641-00363853 geometric patterns frontiers of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01510-00363854-00364129 architectural research Elsevier topic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01511-00364130-00364441 external links AR CH NE t islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01512-00364442-00364681 architecture community extensive archive
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01513-00364682-00364921 of scholarly articles full publications
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01514-00364922-00365119 and pictures museum with no frontiers
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01515-00365120-00365379 extensive site on Islamic art Victor
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01516-00365380-00365619 and Albert Museum Islamic Middle East
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01517-00365620-00365805 collections including contemporary
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01518-00365806-00366088 pieces Museum of Islamic art Doha Qatar
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01519-00366089-00366456 ma tha F Arab Museum of Modern Art Qatar
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01520-00366457-00366678 calligraph Islamic extensive site on
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01521-00366679-00366870 Islamic calligraphy palace and mosque
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01522-00366871-00367104 Islamic art from the Victoria and Albert
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01523-00367105-00367320 Museum at the National Gallery of Art
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01524-00367321-00367567 Washington artistic exchange Europe and
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01525-00367568-00367749 the Islamic world selections from the
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01526-00367750-00367872 permanent collection at the National
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01527-00367873-00368118 Gallery of Art Islamic art Network
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01528-00368119-00368373 thesaurus Islamic is Foundation Islamic
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01529-00368374-00368583 arts and architecture Islamic art in
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01530-00368584-00368742 modern architecture the Kurkure
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01531-00368743-00368934 Minassian collection at the Library of
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01532-00368935-00369150 Congress has decorative Islamic book
+Gi1ZjcFO03y-01533-00369151-00369396 bindings
+GiZyGb48zac-00000-00000000-00000224 unknown also known as unknown worlds was
+GiZyGb48zac-00001-00000225-00000374 an American pulp fantasy fiction
+GiZyGb48zac-00002-00000375-00000728 magazine published from 1939 to 1943 by
+GiZyGb48zac-00003-00000729-00000947 Street and Smith and edited by John W
+GiZyGb48zac-00004-00000948-00001187 Campbell unknown was a companion to
+GiZyGb48zac-00005-00001188-00001364 Street and Smith's science fiction pulp
+GiZyGb48zac-00006-00001365-00001541 astounding science fiction which was
+GiZyGb48zac-00007-00001542-00001742 also edited by Campbell at the time many
+GiZyGb48zac-00008-00001743-00001925 authors and illustrators contributed to
+GiZyGb48zac-00009-00001926-00002183 both magazines the leading fantasy
+GiZyGb48zac-00010-00002184-00002396 magazine in the 1930s was Weird Tales
+GiZyGb48zac-00011-00002397-00002592 which focused on shock and horror
+GiZyGb48zac-00012-00002593-00002822 Campbell wanted to publish a fantasy
+GiZyGb48zac-00013-00002823-00002999 magazine with more finesse and humor
+GiZyGb48zac-00014-00003000-00003182 than Weird Tales and put his plans into
+GiZyGb48zac-00015-00003183-00003368 action when Eric Frank Russell sent him
+GiZyGb48zac-00016-00003369-00003538 the manuscript of his novel sinister
+GiZyGb48zac-00017-00003539-00003731 barrier about aliens who owned the human
+GiZyGb48zac-00018-00003732-00003997 race unknowns first issue appeared in
+GiZyGb48zac-00019-00003998-00004231 March 1939 in addition to sinister
+GiZyGb48zac-00020-00004232-00004463 barrier it included HL goltz trouble
+GiZyGb48zac-00021-00004464-00004645 with water a humorous fantasy about a
+GiZyGb48zac-00022-00004646-00004897 New Yorker who meets a water gnome gold
+GiZyGb48zac-00023-00004898-00005084 story was the first of many an unknown
+GiZyGb48zac-00024-00005085-00005276 to combine commonplace reality with the
+GiZyGb48zac-00025-00005277-00005552 fantastic gamble required his authors to
+GiZyGb48zac-00026-00005553-00005722 avoid simplistic horror fiction and
+GiZyGb48zac-00027-00005723-00005902 insisted that the fantasy elements in a
+GiZyGb48zac-00028-00005903-00006125 story be developed logically for example
+GiZyGb48zac-00029-00006126-00006286 Jack Williamson's darker than you think
+GiZyGb48zac-00030-00006287-00006452 describes a world in which there is a
+GiZyGb48zac-00031-00006453-00006656 scientific explanation for the existence
+GiZyGb48zac-00032-00006656-00006931 of werewolves similarly L Sprague de
+GiZyGb48zac-00033-00006933-00007088 Kamp and Fletcher Pratt's Harold Shaye
+GiZyGb48zac-00034-00007089-00007309 series about a modern American who finds
+GiZyGb48zac-00035-00007311-00007453 himself in the worlds of various
+GiZyGb48zac-00036-00007454-00007655 mythology's depicts a system of magic
+GiZyGb48zac-00037-00007656-00007877 based on mathematical logic other
+GiZyGb48zac-00038-00007878-00008048 notable stories included several
+GiZyGb48zac-00039-00008048-00008252 well-received novels by l ron Hubbard
+GiZyGb48zac-00040-00008253-00008426 and short stories such as Manley Wade
+GiZyGb48zac-00041-00008427-00008582 Wellman's when it was moonlight and
+GiZyGb48zac-00042-00008583-00008771 Fritz Leiber to sword adventure the
+GiZyGb48zac-00043-00008772-00008999 first in his FAF HRD and the gray mauser
+GiZyGb48zac-00044-00009000-00009242 series unknown was forced to a
+GiZyGb48zac-00045-00009243-00009503 bi-monthly schedule in 1941 by poor
+GiZyGb48zac-00046-00009504-00009781 sales and cancelled in 1943 when wartime
+GiZyGb48zac-00047-00009782-00009959 paper shortages became so acute that
+GiZyGb48zac-00048-00009960-00010127 campbell had to choose between turning
+GiZyGb48zac-00049-00010128-00010313 astounding into a bimonthly or ending
+GiZyGb48zac-00050-00010314-00010535 unknown the magazine is generally
+GiZyGb48zac-00051-00010536-00010714 regarded as the finest fantasy fiction
+GiZyGb48zac-00052-00010715-00010924 magazine ever published despite the fact
+GiZyGb48zac-00053-00010925-00011051 that it was not commercially successful
+GiZyGb48zac-00054-00011052-00011234 and in the opinion of science fiction
+GiZyGb48zac-00055-00011235-00011453 historian Mike Ashley it was responsible
+GiZyGb48zac-00056-00011454-00011603 for the creation of the modern fantasy
+GiZyGb48zac-00057-00011604-00011856 publishing genre
+GiZyGb48zac-00058-00011857-00012121 topic background and publication history
+GiZyGb48zac-00059-00012122-00012370 in May 1923 the first issue of weird
+GiZyGb48zac-00060-00012371-00012563 tales appeared from rural publications
+GiZyGb48zac-00061-00012564-00012811 in Chicago Weird Tales was a pulp
+GiZyGb48zac-00062-00012812-00013007 magazine that specialized in fantasy
+GiZyGb48zac-00063-00013008-00013166 stories and material that no other
+GiZyGb48zac-00064-00013166-00013349 magazine would accept
+GiZyGb48zac-00065-00013350-00013529 it was not initially successful but by
+GiZyGb48zac-00066-00013530-00013766 the 1930s had established itself and was
+GiZyGb48zac-00067-00013766-00013976 regularly publishing science fiction SF
+GiZyGb48zac-00068-00013977-00014252 as well as Fantasy Weird Tales was the
+GiZyGb48zac-00069-00014253-00014416 first magazine to focus solely on
+GiZyGb48zac-00070-00014418-00014612 fantasy and it remained the preeminent
+GiZyGb48zac-00071-00014613-00014825 magazine in this field for over a decade
+GiZyGb48zac-00072-00014826-00015062 in the meantime science fiction was
+GiZyGb48zac-00073-00015063-00015230 starting to form a separately marketed
+GiZyGb48zac-00074-00015231-00015476 genre with the appearance in 1926 of
+GiZyGb48zac-00075-00015477-00015697 amazing stories a pulp magazine edited
+GiZyGb48zac-00076-00015699-00016052 by Hugo Gernsback in 1930 pulp publisher
+GiZyGb48zac-00077-00016053-00016235 Clayton publications launched astounding
+GiZyGb48zac-00078-00016236-00016397 stories of super science but the
+GiZyGb48zac-00079-00016398-00016658 company's bankruptcy in 1933 led to the
+GiZyGb48zac-00080-00016659-00016835 acquisition of the magazine by Street
+GiZyGb48zac-00081-00016836-00017063 and Smith the title was shortened to
+GiZyGb48zac-00082-00017064-00017243 astounding stories and it became the
+GiZyGb48zac-00083-00017244-00017396 leading magazine in the science fiction
+GiZyGb48zac-00084-00017397-00017594 field over the next few years under the
+GiZyGb48zac-00085-00017595-00017840 editorship of F wall and Tremaine at the
+GiZyGb48zac-00086-00017841-00018131 end of 1937 John W Campbell took over as
+GiZyGb48zac-00087-00018132-00018389 editor by 1938 Campbell was planning a
+GiZyGb48zac-00088-00018390-00018581 fantasy companion to astounding Weird
+GiZyGb48zac-00089-00018582-00018722 Tales was still the leader in the
+GiZyGb48zac-00090-00018723-00018908 fantasy genre though competitors such as
+GiZyGb48zac-00091-00018909-00019129 strange stories were also being launched
+GiZyGb48zac-00092-00019130-00019349 Campbell began acquiring stories
+GiZyGb48zac-00093-00019350-00019526 suitable for the new magazine without a
+GiZyGb48zac-00094-00019527-00019784 definite launch date in mind when Eric
+GiZyGb48zac-00095-00019785-00019958 Frank Russell sent him the manuscript of
+GiZyGb48zac-00096-00019959-00020144 his novel sinister barrier Campbell
+GiZyGb48zac-00097-00020145-00020312 decided it was time to put his plans
+GiZyGb48zac-00098-00020313-00020564 into action the first issue of unknown
+GiZyGb48zac-00099-00020565-00020867 appeared in March 1939 it was a monthly
+GiZyGb48zac-00100-00020868-00021065 at first but poor sales forced to switch
+GiZyGb48zac-00101-00021066-00021239 to a bimonthly schedule beginning in
+GiZyGb48zac-00102-00021240-00021608 February 1941 in December 1940 the
+GiZyGb48zac-00103-00021609-00021812 subtitle fantasy fiction was added and
+GiZyGb48zac-00104-00021813-00022055 in October 1941 the main title was
+GiZyGb48zac-00105-00022056-00022253 changed to unknown worlds both changes
+GiZyGb48zac-00106-00022254-00022400 were intended to make the genre of the
+GiZyGb48zac-00107-00022401-00022574 magazine clear into potential readers
+GiZyGb48zac-00108-00022575-00022832 when wartime paper shortages became
+GiZyGb48zac-00109-00022833-00023087 severe in late 1943 Campbell made the
+GiZyGb48zac-00110-00023088-00023258 choice to keep astounding monthly and
+GiZyGb48zac-00111-00023259-00023425 cancel unknown rather than switch the
+GiZyGb48zac-00112-00023426-00023609 former to a bimonthly schedule as well
+GiZyGb48zac-00113-00023610-00024436 the last issue was dated October 1943
+GiZyGb48zac-00114-00024437-00025000 topic contents and reception
+GiZyGb48zac-00115-00025001-00025218 Campbell's plans for unknown were laid
+GiZyGb48zac-00116-00025219-00025433 out in the February 1939 issue of
+GiZyGb48zac-00117-00025434-00025593 astounding in the announcement of the
+GiZyGb48zac-00118-00025594-00025889 new magazine he argued that it has been
+GiZyGb48zac-00119-00025891-00026081 the quality of the fantasy that you have
+GiZyGb48zac-00120-00026082-00026262 read in the past that has made the very
+GiZyGb48zac-00121-00026263-00026470 word anathema
+GiZyGb48zac-00122-00026472-00026748 unknown will offer fantasy of equality
+GiZyGb48zac-00123-00026749-00026922 so far different from that which has
+GiZyGb48zac-00124-00026923-00027099 appeared in the past as to change your
+GiZyGb48zac-00125-00027100-00027411 entire understanding of the term the
+GiZyGb48zac-00126-00027412-00027624 first issue the following month led with
+GiZyGb48zac-00127-00027625-00027798 Russell's sinister barrier the novel
+GiZyGb48zac-00128-00027799-00027954 that had persuaded Campbell to set his
+GiZyGb48zac-00129-00027955-00028152 plans for a fantasy magazine into motion
+GiZyGb48zac-00130-00028152-00028352 the plot involving aliens who owned the
+GiZyGb48zac-00131-00028354-00028562 human race has been described by SF
+GiZyGb48zac-00132-00028563-00028779 historian Mike Ashley as a strange
+GiZyGb48zac-00133-00028780-00028970 mixture of science fiction and occult
+GiZyGb48zac-00134-00028972-00029244 fantasy Campbell asked Russell for
+GiZyGb48zac-00135-00029245-00029427 revisions to the story to emphasize the
+GiZyGb48zac-00136-00029427-00029621 fantastic elements but still demanded
+GiZyGb48zac-00137-00029622-00029757 that Russell work out the logical
+GiZyGb48zac-00138-00029758-00030014 implications of his premises this became
+GiZyGb48zac-00139-00030016-00030207 a defining characteristic of the fiction
+GiZyGb48zac-00140-00030208-00030383 published in unknown in Ashley's words
+GiZyGb48zac-00141-00030385-00030590 Campbell brought the science fiction
+GiZyGb48zac-00142-00030591-00030876 rationale to fantasy the first issue
+GiZyGb48zac-00143-00030877-00031133 also contained Horace L Gold's trouble
+GiZyGb48zac-00144-00031135-00031368 with water a comic fantasy about a
+GiZyGb48zac-00145-00031369-00031542 modern New Yorker who offends a water
+GiZyGb48zac-00146-00031543-00031701 known in its whimsical 'ti and
+GiZyGb48zac-00147-00031702-00031848 naturalistic merging of a modern
+GiZyGb48zac-00148-00031849-00032027 background with a classic fantasy trope
+GiZyGb48zac-00149-00032028-00032258 trouble with water was a better
+GiZyGb48zac-00150-00032260-00032433 indication than sinister barrier of the
+GiZyGb48zac-00151-00032433-00032685 direction unknown would take Campbell
+GiZyGb48zac-00152-00032686-00032840 commented in a letter at the time that
+GiZyGb48zac-00153-00032841-00033071 sinister barrier trouble with water and
+GiZyGb48zac-00154-00033072-00033377 where angels fear
+GiZyGb48zac-00155-00033378-00033639 by manly Wade Wellman were the only
+GiZyGb48zac-00156-00033640-00033774 stories in the first issue that
+GiZyGb48zac-00157-00033775-00033954 accurately reflected his goals for the
+GiZyGb48zac-00158-00033955-00034134 magazine under Campbell's editorial
+GiZyGb48zac-00159-00034135-00034311 supervision the fantasy element in
+GiZyGb48zac-00160-00034312-00034470 unknown stories had to be treated
+GiZyGb48zac-00161-00034471-00034698 rigorously this naturally led to the
+GiZyGb48zac-00162-00034699-00034865 appearance in unknown of riders already
+GiZyGb48zac-00163-00034866-00035027 comfortable with similar rigor in
+GiZyGb48zac-00164-00035028-00035211 science fiction stories and Campbell
+GiZyGb48zac-00165-00035212-00035367 soon established a small group of
+GiZyGb48zac-00166-00035368-00035568 writers as regular contributors many of
+GiZyGb48zac-00167-00035569-00035742 whom were also appearing in the pages of
+GiZyGb48zac-00168-00035743-00036002 astounding l ron Hubbard Theodore
+GiZyGb48zac-00169-00036003-00036183 sturgeon and L Sprague de Kamp were
+GiZyGb48zac-00170-00036184-00036390 among the most prolific Hubbard
+GiZyGb48zac-00171-00036391-00036567 contributed eight lead novels including
+GiZyGb48zac-00172-00036568-00036768 typewriter in the sky slaves of sleep
+GiZyGb48zac-00173-00036769-00036969 and fear described by Ashley as a
+GiZyGb48zac-00174-00036970-00037254 classic psychological thriller SF
+GiZyGb48zac-00175-00037255-00037434 historian and critic Thomas Clair s'en
+GiZyGb48zac-00176-00037435-00037758 describes all ADA's outstanding decamp
+GiZyGb48zac-00177-00037759-00037932 in collaboration with Fletcher Pratt
+GiZyGb48zac-00178-00037933-00038108 contributed three stories featuring
+GiZyGb48zac-00179-00038109-00038319 Harold Shea who finds himself in a world
+GiZyGb48zac-00180-00038320-00038568 where magic operates by rigorous rules
+GiZyGb48zac-00181-00038569-00038724 the title of one of these the
+GiZyGb48zac-00182-00038725-00039039 mathematics of magic is according to SF
+GiZyGb48zac-00183-00039040-00039264 critic John clewd perfectly expressive
+GiZyGb48zac-00184-00039265-00039447 of the terms under which magic found
+GiZyGb48zac-00185-00039448-00039701 easy mention in unknown
+GiZyGb48zac-00186-00039702-00039951 other astounding writers who wrote for
+GiZyGb48zac-00187-00039952-00040215 unknown included Robert a Heinlein who's
+GiZyGb48zac-00188-00040216-00040512 the devil makes the law reprinted as
+GiZyGb48zac-00189-00040513-00040827 magic ink depicts a world where magic is
+GiZyGb48zac-00190-00040828-00041097 a part of normal everyday life Heinlein
+GiZyGb48zac-00191-00041098-00041301 also contributed the unpleasant
+GiZyGb48zac-00192-00041302-00041585 profession of jonathan hoag and they
+GiZyGb48zac-00193-00041586-00041856 described by ashley as perhaps the
+GiZyGb48zac-00194-00041857-00042207 ultimate solipsist fantasy a van Vogt a
+GiZyGb48zac-00195-00042208-00042408 frequent astounding contributor appeared
+GiZyGb48zac-00196-00042409-00042633 in the final issue with the book of PT
+GiZyGb48zac-00197-00042634-00042984 ath later expanded into a novel Isaac
+GiZyGb48zac-00198-00042985-00043179 Asimov despite multiple attempts to
+GiZyGb48zac-00199-00043180-00043341 write for unknown never appeared in the
+GiZyGb48zac-00200-00043342-00043620 magazine on his sixth attempt he sold
+GiZyGb48zac-00201-00043621-00043911 author author to Campbell but the
+GiZyGb48zac-00202-00043912-00044082 magazine was cancelled before it could
+GiZyGb48zac-00203-00044083-00044307 appear it eventually appeared in the
+GiZyGb48zac-00204-00044308-00044517 anthology the unknown five in addition
+GiZyGb48zac-00205-00044518-00044673 to the overlap between the writers of
+GiZyGb48zac-00206-00044674-00044838 unknown and astounding there was a good
+GiZyGb48zac-00207-00044839-00044970 deal of overlap between their
+GiZyGb48zac-00208-00044971-00045162 readerships Asimov records that during
+GiZyGb48zac-00209-00045163-00045380 the war he read only these two magazines
+GiZyGb48zac-00210-00045381-00045660 SF historian Paul Carter has argued that
+GiZyGb48zac-00211-00045661-00045849 the spectrum of fantastic fiction from
+GiZyGb48zac-00212-00045850-00045975 Weird Tales through unknown to
+GiZyGb48zac-00213-00045976-00046125 astounding was far less cleanly
+GiZyGb48zac-00214-00046126-00046308 separated than his sometimes assumed
+GiZyGb48zac-00215-00046309-00046470 many stories in the early science
+GiZyGb48zac-00216-00046471-00046674 fiction magazines such as Wonder stories
+GiZyGb48zac-00217-00046675-00046842 were more like the works of Edgar Allan
+GiZyGb48zac-00218-00046843-00047010 Poe than they were tales of scientific
+GiZyGb48zac-00219-00047011-00047214 imagination Fritz Leiber first published
+GiZyGb48zac-00220-00047215-00047496 story was to sword adventure which
+GiZyGb48zac-00221-00047497-00047721 appeared in the August 1939 issue of
+GiZyGb48zac-00222-00047722-00047915 unknown this was the first story in his
+GiZyGb48zac-00223-00047916-00048140 long-running FAF HRD and the gray Mauser
+GiZyGb48zac-00224-00048141-00048339 series about a pair of adventurers in a
+GiZyGb48zac-00225-00048340-00048621 sword and sorcery setting for more FAF
+GiZyGb48zac-00226-00048622-00048846 HRD and the gray mauser stories appeared
+GiZyGb48zac-00227-00048847-00049040 in unknown in as many years and levers
+GiZyGb48zac-00228-00049041-00049215 novel country life about a man who
+GiZyGb48zac-00229-00049216-00049374 discovers that all women are secretly
+GiZyGb48zac-00230-00049375-00049575 witches was the lead story in the April
+GiZyGb48zac-00231-00049576-00049932 1943 issue the protagonist a university
+GiZyGb48zac-00232-00049933-00050105 professor is forced to abandon
+GiZyGb48zac-00233-00050106-00050328 skepticism and discover the underlying
+GiZyGb48zac-00234-00050329-00050697 equations of magic via symbolic logic in
+GiZyGb48zac-00235-00050698-00050937 critic David Langford description liebe
+GiZyGb48zac-00236-00050938-00051213 also contributed smoked ghosts in
+GiZyGb48zac-00237-00051214-00051491 October 1941 described by Ashley as
+GiZyGb48zac-00238-00051492-00051738 arguably the first seriously modern
+GiZyGb48zac-00239-00051739-00051933 ghost story and
+GiZyGb48zac-00240-00051934-00052107 a writer whose first story appeared in
+GiZyGb48zac-00241-00052108-00052365 unknown was James H Schmitz whose green
+GiZyGb48zac-00242-00052366-00052683 face appeared in the August 1943 issue
+GiZyGb48zac-00243-00052684-00052860 other notable stories that appeared in
+GiZyGb48zac-00244-00052861-00053103 unknown include Jack Williamson's darker
+GiZyGb48zac-00245-00053104-00053376 than you think December 1940 which
+GiZyGb48zac-00246-00053377-00053571 provides a scientific basis for a race
+GiZyGb48zac-00247-00053572-00053724 of werewolves living undetected
+GiZyGb48zac-00248-00053725-00054003 alongside human beings expanded into a
+GiZyGb48zac-00249-00054004-00054258 novel in 1948 it remains Williamson's
+GiZyGb48zac-00250-00054259-00054477 best known fantasy an SF historian
+GiZyGb48zac-00251-00054478-00054621 Malcolm Edwards comments that the two
+GiZyGb48zac-00252-00054622-00054852 protagonists relationship is depicted
+GiZyGb48zac-00253-00054853-00055026 with a tortured and still haunting
+GiZyGb48zac-00254-00055027-00055245 erotic frankness unusual in genre
+GiZyGb48zac-00255-00055246-00055466 literature of the 1940s
+GiZyGb48zac-00256-00055466-00055719 in addition to the Harold shape pieces
+GiZyGb48zac-00257-00055720-00055878 decamp published several other
+GiZyGb48zac-00258-00055879-00056082 well-received stories including the
+GiZyGb48zac-00259-00056083-00056415 wheels of if October 1940 and lest
+GiZyGb48zac-00260-00056416-00056760 darkness fall December 1939 an alternate
+GiZyGb48zac-00261-00056761-00056952 history story about a time traveler who
+GiZyGb48zac-00262-00056953-00057123 attempts to save the Roman Empire from
+GiZyGb48zac-00263-00057124-00057315 the coming Dark Ages Edwards include
+GiZyGb48zac-00264-00057316-00057504 comment that the story is the most
+GiZyGb48zac-00265-00057504-00057672 accomplished early excursion into
+GiZyGb48zac-00266-00057673-00057939 history in magazine SF and is regarded
+GiZyGb48zac-00267-00057940-00058066 as a classic
+GiZyGb48zac-00268-00058067-00058359 also highly regarded is Wellman's when
+GiZyGb48zac-00269-00058360-00058667 it was moonlight December 1940 a story
+GiZyGb48zac-00270-00058669-00058872 about Poe the first sixteen issues of
+GiZyGb48zac-00271-00058873-00059052 unknown had cover paintings but from
+GiZyGb48zac-00272-00059053-00059301 July 1940 the cover style was changed to
+GiZyGb48zac-00273-00059302-00059496 a table of contents with a small ink
+GiZyGb48zac-00274-00059497-00059673 drawing usually accompanying the summary
+GiZyGb48zac-00275-00059674-00059850 of each story in an attempt to make the
+GiZyGb48zac-00276-00059851-00060104 magazine appear more dignified the cover
+GiZyGb48zac-00277-00060105-00060309 art came almost entirely from artists
+GiZyGb48zac-00278-00060310-00060479 who did not contribute to many science
+GiZyGb48zac-00279-00060480-00060692 fiction or fantasy magazines six of the
+GiZyGb48zac-00280-00060694-00060936 16 paintings were by HW Scott Manuel
+GiZyGb48zac-00281-00060937-00061179 Islip modest Stein Graves Gladney and Ed
+GiZyGb48zac-00282-00061179-00061452 Cartier provided the others Cartier was
+GiZyGb48zac-00283-00061453-00061602 the only one of these who regularly
+GiZyGb48zac-00284-00061603-00061770 contributed to SF and fantasy
+GiZyGb48zac-00285-00061771-00061974 periodicals he painted four of unknowns
+GiZyGb48zac-00286-00061975-00062169 last six covers before the change to a
+GiZyGb48zac-00287-00062170-00062408 text heavy design
+GiZyGb48zac-00288-00062409-00062664 topic influenced unknown was along with
+GiZyGb48zac-00289-00062665-00062874 Weird Tales an important early influence
+GiZyGb48zac-00290-00062875-00063141 on the fantasy genre in the forward -
+GiZyGb48zac-00291-00063141-00063402 from unknown worlds in 1948 Campbell
+GiZyGb48zac-00292-00063403-00063579 commented that fantasy before unknown
+GiZyGb48zac-00293-00063579-00063771 had been too much infused with gloom and
+GiZyGb48zac-00294-00063772-00063954 terror his approach in unknown had been
+GiZyGb48zac-00295-00063954-00064074 to assume that the creatures of
+GiZyGb48zac-00296-00064075-00064236 mythology and folklore could be
+GiZyGb48zac-00297-00064237-00064410 characters in an amusing tale as easily
+GiZyGb48zac-00298-00064411-00064575 as they could be made part of a horror
+GiZyGb48zac-00299-00064576-00064887 story horror stories he said had a place
+GiZyGb48zac-00300-00064888-00065066 but horror injected with a sharpened
+GiZyGb48zac-00301-00065067-00065247 poison needle is just as effective as
+GiZyGb48zac-00302-00065248-00065397 when applied with blunt instrument
+GiZyGb48zac-00303-00065398-00065553 technique of the so-called gothic horror
+GiZyGb48zac-00304-00065554-00065799 tale Campbell insisted on the same
+GiZyGb48zac-00305-00065800-00065976 rational approach to fantasy that he
+GiZyGb48zac-00306-00065977-00066147 required of his science fiction writers
+GiZyGb48zac-00307-00066148-00066324 and in the words of Claire s'en this led
+GiZyGb48zac-00308-00066325-00066468 to the destruction of not only the
+GiZyGb48zac-00309-00066469-00066648 prevalent narrative tone but also most
+GiZyGb48zac-00310-00066649-00066759 of the trappings that had dominated
+GiZyGb48zac-00311-00066760-00066993 fantasy from the Castle of Otranto and
+GiZyGb48zac-00312-00066994-00067146 the monk through the 19th century to
+GiZyGb48zac-00313-00067147-00067431 Weird Tales unknown quickly separated
+GiZyGb48zac-00314-00067432-00067629 itself from Weird Tales whose fantasies
+GiZyGb48zac-00315-00067630-00067824 still primarily aimed to produce fear or
+GiZyGb48zac-00316-00067825-00068088 shock the closest predecessor to unknown
+GiZyGb48zac-00317-00068089-00068298 was thorne Smith whose prohibition-era
+GiZyGb48zac-00318-00068299-00068514 tapa stories also mixed fantasy with
+GiZyGb48zac-00319-00068515-00068778 humor before unknown fantasy had
+GiZyGb48zac-00320-00068779-00068952 received little serious attention though
+GiZyGb48zac-00321-00068953-00069147 on occasion writers such as James branch
+GiZyGb48zac-00322-00069148-00069396 cabell had achieved respectability in
+GiZyGb48zac-00323-00069397-00069597 Ashley's opinion unknown created the
+GiZyGb48zac-00324-00069598-00069741 monning's honor of fantasy though
+GiZyGb48zac-00325-00069742-00069915 commercial success for the genre had to
+GiZyGb48zac-00326-00069916-00070146 wait until the 1970s Classen also
+GiZyGb48zac-00327-00070147-00070305 suggests that unknown influenced the
+GiZyGb48zac-00328-00070306-00070431 science fiction that appeared in
+GiZyGb48zac-00329-00070432-00070607 astounding after unknown folded
+GiZyGb48zac-00330-00070608-00070845 according to this view stories such as
+GiZyGb48zac-00331-00070846-00071031 Clifford Simic City series would not
+GiZyGb48zac-00332-00071032-00071175 have appeared without the destruction of
+GiZyGb48zac-00333-00071176-00071375 genre boundaries that Campbell oversaw
+GiZyGb48zac-00334-00071376-00071622 claisen further proposes that galaxy
+GiZyGb48zac-00335-00071623-00071763 science fiction and the magazine of
+GiZyGb48zac-00336-00071764-00071964 fantasy and science fiction two of the
+GiZyGb48zac-00337-00071965-00072138 most important and successful science
+GiZyGb48zac-00338-00072139-00072315 fiction and fantasy magazines were
+GiZyGb48zac-00339-00072316-00072507 direct descendants of unknown unknown is
+GiZyGb48zac-00340-00072508-00072699 widely regarded as the finest fantasy
+GiZyGb48zac-00341-00072700-00072903 magazine ever published Ashley says for
+GiZyGb48zac-00342-00072904-00073080 example that unknown published without
+GiZyGb48zac-00343-00073081-00073257 doubt the greatest collection of fantasy
+GiZyGb48zac-00344-00073258-00073476 stories produced in one magazine despite
+GiZyGb48zac-00345-00073477-00073659 its lack of commercial success unknown
+GiZyGb48zac-00346-00073660-00073824 is the most lamented of all science
+GiZyGb48zac-00347-00073825-00074037 fiction and fantasy magazines Lester Del
+GiZyGb48zac-00348-00074038-00074196 Rey describes that is having gained a
+GiZyGb48zac-00349-00074197-00074364 devotion from its readers that no other
+GiZyGb48zac-00350-00074365-00074631 magazine can match Edwards comments that
+GiZyGb48zac-00351-00074632-00074805 unknown appeared during Campbell's peak
+GiZyGb48zac-00352-00074806-00074994 years as an editor its reputation may
+GiZyGb48zac-00353-00074995-00075174 stand as high as it does partly because
+GiZyGb48zac-00354-00075175-00075348 it died while still at its best in a
+GiZyGb48zac-00355-00075349-00075543 conversation with David G Hartwell in
+GiZyGb48zac-00356-00075544-00075819 1962 Shirley Jackson stated she owned a
+GiZyGb48zac-00357-00075820-00075981 complete run of unknown and expressed
+GiZyGb48zac-00358-00075982-00076140 strong admiration for the publication
+GiZyGb48zac-00359-00076141-00076421 stating it's the best
+GiZyGb48zac-00360-00076422-00076692 topic bibliographic details unknown was
+GiZyGb48zac-00361-00076693-00076899 edited by John W Campbell and published
+GiZyGb48zac-00362-00076900-00077058 by Street and Smith publications
+GiZyGb48zac-00363-00077059-00077289 throughout its run it was pulped sized
+GiZyGb48zac-00364-00077290-00077526 from its launch through August 1941 and
+GiZyGb48zac-00365-00077527-00077766 then bedsheets sized from October 1941
+GiZyGb48zac-00366-00077767-00078123 to April 1943 the last three issues were
+GiZyGb48zac-00367-00078124-00078357 pulp sized again Street and Smith had
+GiZyGb48zac-00368-00078358-00078534 planned to switch it to digest size with
+GiZyGb48zac-00369-00078535-00078759 the December 1943 issue but it was
+GiZyGb48zac-00370-00078760-00078992 canceled before that issue appeared the
+GiZyGb48zac-00371-00078993-00079235 price began at 20 cents and rose to 25
+GiZyGb48zac-00372-00079236-00079410 cents with the change to bedsheet size
+GiZyGb48zac-00373-00079411-00079625 it remained at 25 cents when the size
+GiZyGb48zac-00374-00079626-00079991 changed back to pulp it had 164 pages
+GiZyGb48zac-00375-00079992-00080253 when pulp sized and 130 pages while it
+GiZyGb48zac-00376-00080254-00080523 was bedsheet sized it began as a monthly
+GiZyGb48zac-00377-00080524-00080691 and switched to bimonthly from December
+GiZyGb48zac-00378-00080692-00080999 1940 on the volume numbering was regular
+GiZyGb48zac-00379-00081000-00081191 with six volumes of six numbers and a
+GiZyGb48zac-00380-00081192-00081467 final volume of three numbers the title
+GiZyGb48zac-00381-00081468-00081761 began as simply unknown in December 1940
+GiZyGb48zac-00382-00081762-00081950 fantasy fiction was added as a subtitle
+GiZyGb48zac-00383-00081951-00082205 and from the October 1941 issue the
+GiZyGb48zac-00384-00082206-00082394 title became unknown worlds the first
+GiZyGb48zac-00385-00082395-00082623 six US issues were available directly in
+GiZyGb48zac-00386-00082624-00082779 the UK but thereafter an abridged
+GiZyGb48zac-00387-00082780-00082947 British reprint edition was issued by
+GiZyGb48zac-00388-00082948-00083111 Atlas publications beginning in
+GiZyGb48zac-00389-00083112-00083441 September 1939 it was pulp sized and
+GiZyGb48zac-00390-00083442-00083729 priced at 99 pence throughout it
+GiZyGb48zac-00391-00083730-00083910 appeared on a regular monthly schedule
+GiZyGb48zac-00392-00083911-00084137 until December 1940 after which the
+GiZyGb48zac-00393-00084138-00084329 schedule became quite irregular with two
+GiZyGb48zac-00394-00084330-00084494 or three issues appearing each year
+GiZyGb48zac-00395-00084495-00084788 until 1949 the volume numbering
+GiZyGb48zac-00396-00084789-00084974 initially followed the corresponding US
+GiZyGb48zac-00397-00084975-00085148 editions with some emitted numbers in
+GiZyGb48zac-00398-00085149-00085451 1942 and 1943 and then disappeared for
+GiZyGb48zac-00399-00085452-00085679 four issues from the 28 issue spring
+GiZyGb48zac-00400-00085680-00085931 1945 the magazine was numbered as if it
+GiZyGb48zac-00401-00085932-00086105 had been given volumes of 12 numbers
+GiZyGb48zac-00402-00086106-00086348 since the start of the run the title was
+GiZyGb48zac-00403-00086349-00086528 changed from unknown to unknown worlds
+GiZyGb48zac-00404-00086529-00086851 with the March 1942 issue
+GiZyGb48zac-00405-00086852-00087153 topic related publications in 1948
+GiZyGb48zac-00406-00087154-00087315 Street and Smith reprinted several
+GiZyGb48zac-00407-00087316-00087503 stories from unknown in a bed sheet
+GiZyGb48zac-00408-00087504-00087767 sized magazine format priced at 25 cents
+GiZyGb48zac-00409-00087768-00088023 with the title from unknown worlds this
+GiZyGb48zac-00410-00088024-00088191 was an attempt to determine if there was
+GiZyGb48zac-00411-00088192-00088442 a market for a revived unknown Street
+GiZyGb48zac-00412-00088443-00088706 and Smith printed 300,000 copies against
+GiZyGb48zac-00413-00088707-00088866 the advice of John Campbell but although
+GiZyGb48zac-00414-00088867-00089036 it sold better than the original too
+GiZyGb48zac-00415-00089037-00089178 many copies were returned for the
+GiZyGb48zac-00416-00089179-00089324 publisher to be willing to revive the
+GiZyGb48zac-00417-00089325-00089567 magazine the issue was reprinted in
+GiZyGb48zac-00418-00089568-00089865 Britain in 1952 reduced in size to 7 by
+GiZyGb48zac-00419-00089866-00090236 9.5 inches 180 millimetres x 240
+GiZyGb48zac-00420-00090237-00090509 millimeters and cut from 130 pages to
+GiZyGb48zac-00421-00090510-00090828 124 it was priced at 262 shillings and
+GiZyGb48zac-00422-00090829-00091103 sixpence part of the Run was issued in a
+GiZyGb48zac-00423-00091104-00091373 hardcover binding at a higher price one
+GiZyGb48zac-00424-00091374-00091553 story from the US version was omitted
+GiZyGb48zac-00425-00091554-00091781 one man's heart by Babbitt Rosman three
+GiZyGb48zac-00426-00091782-00091967 anthologies of stories from unknown were
+GiZyGb48zac-00427-00091968-00092148 published in the early nineteen sixties
+GiZyGb48zac-00428-00092149-00092421 the unknown five includes four stories
+GiZyGb48zac-00429-00092422-00092583 reprinted from unknown in the first
+GiZyGb48zac-00430-00092584-00092844 print appearance of author author by
+GiZyGb48zac-00431-00092845-00093039 Isaac Asimov which was sold to unknown
+GiZyGb48zac-00432-00093040-00093228 shortly before Street and Smith shut it
+GiZyGb48zac-00433-00093229-00093489 down two additional unknown anthologies
+GiZyGb48zac-00434-00093490-00093767 were published in the late 1980s
+GiZyGb48zac-00435-00093768-00094131 equals equals notes
+GkagREfRJsI-00000-00000000-00000348 foreign
+GkagREfRJsI-00001-00000349-00001081 [Music]
+GkagREfRJsI-00002-00001082-00001391 s to Total crypto updates bringing you
+GkagREfRJsI-00003-00001392-00001601 another video for real deep dives into
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+GkagREfRJsI-00007-00002153-00002333 channel and community
+GkagREfRJsI-00008-00002334-00002531 I can't promise to only speak about
+GkagREfRJsI-00009-00002532-00002771 crypto but I can promise everything will
+GkagREfRJsI-00010-00002772-00002915 be overstood
+GkagREfRJsI-00011-00002916-00003137 let's dive into today's very dense
+GkagREfRJsI-00012-00003138-00003304 crypto update
+GkagREfRJsI-00013-00003305-00003695 Bitcoin BTC outperformed over 100 of the
+GkagREfRJsI-00014-00003696-00003935 500 largest publicly listed U.S firms in
+GkagREfRJsI-00015-00003936-00004193 the third month of 2023 despite the
+GkagREfRJsI-00016-00004194-00004367 financial catastrophe that has already
+GkagREfRJsI-00017-00004368-00004588 destroyed several big Banks
+GkagREfRJsI-00018-00004589-00004954 Bitcoin has gained 37.06 since March
+GkagREfRJsI-00019-00004955-00005219 10th and over 72 since the year began
+GkagREfRJsI-00020-00005220-00005711 outperforming 488 or 97.6 of SNP 500
+GkagREfRJsI-00021-00005712-00006035 businesses including FedEx NYSE FDX
+GkagREfRJsI-00022-00006036-00006563 Apple NASDAQ AAPL and Amazon NASDAQ amzn
+GkagREfRJsI-00023-00006564-00006964 Bitcoin has surpassed FedEx's 27.2 YTD
+GkagREfRJsI-00024-00006965-00007314 returns Apple's 19.3 percent and Amazon
+GkagREfRJsI-00025-00007315-00007648 17.8 percent as the table shows
+GkagREfRJsI-00026-00007650-00007973 just 12 SNP 500 businesses have crossed
+GkagREfRJsI-00027-00007973-00008255 35 percent in ydd returns
+GkagREfRJsI-00028-00008256-00008441 the greatest digital asset by market
+GkagREfRJsI-00029-00008442-00008699 capitalization added almost 200 billion
+GkagREfRJsI-00030-00008700-00008933 dollars to its market value in 2023
+GkagREfRJsI-00031-00008934-00009173 while five of the major U.S institutions
+GkagREfRJsI-00032-00009174-00009389 lost 100 billion dollars as the
+GkagREfRJsI-00033-00009390-00009569 financial sector continued to suffer
+GkagREfRJsI-00034-00009570-00009724 fatalities
+GkagREfRJsI-00035-00009725-00010055 on to under the radar news on Monero
+GkagREfRJsI-00036-00010056-00010360 Ricardo spagni the founder of Monero has
+GkagREfRJsI-00037-00010361-00010577 refuted allegations that he acted as an
+GkagREfRJsI-00038-00010578-00010739 informant for the purpose of assisting
+GkagREfRJsI-00039-00010740-00010864 Interpol and other government
+GkagREfRJsI-00040-00010865-00011135 authorities in tracking down cash
+GkagREfRJsI-00041-00011136-00011459 in August of 2021 the United States of
+GkagREfRJsI-00042-00011460-00011614 America carried out the successful
+GkagREfRJsI-00043-00011615-00011909 capture of Ricardo fluffy pony spagni
+GkagREfRJsI-00044-00011910-00012101 after being accused of crimes that
+GkagREfRJsI-00045-00012102-00012383 originally arose in 2009 the well-known
+GkagREfRJsI-00046-00012384-00012592 Bitcoin personality was imprisoned when
+GkagREfRJsI-00047-00012593-00012808 the allegations surfaced
+GkagREfRJsI-00048-00012809-00013030 he was allegedly trying to get away from
+GkagREfRJsI-00049-00013031-00013235 South African authorities who suspected
+GkagREfRJsI-00050-00013236-00013372 him of fraud
+GkagREfRJsI-00051-00013373-00013607 spagny's former Company Cape cookies
+GkagREfRJsI-00052-00013608-00013841 claimed that he forged invoices and
+GkagREfRJsI-00053-00013841-00013985 committed fraud
+GkagREfRJsI-00054-00013986-00014315 between October 2009 and June 2011
+GkagREfRJsI-00055-00014316-00014543 fluffy pony is said to have stolen a
+GkagREfRJsI-00056-00014544-00014753 total of one hundred thousand dollars as
+GkagREfRJsI-00057-00014754-00014927 shown in court papers
+GkagREfRJsI-00058-00014928-00015172 the creator of Monero published a threat
+GkagREfRJsI-00059-00015173-00015322 on Twitter in which he exposed this
+GkagREfRJsI-00060-00015323-00015593 misleading story as being incorrect
+GkagREfRJsI-00061-00015594-00015791 his tweets read
+GkagREfRJsI-00062-00015791-00016108 to be abundantly clear a thread
+GkagREfRJsI-00063-00016109-00016330 at no point have I ever met with and or
+GkagREfRJsI-00064-00016331-00016558 helped a law enforcement agency or a
+GkagREfRJsI-00065-00016559-00016769 government or an individual or a
+GkagREfRJsI-00066-00016770-00017039 government agency or a company or anyone
+GkagREfRJsI-00067-00017040-00017225 to trace Monero
+GkagREfRJsI-00068-00017226-00017429 I remain willing and excited to point
+GkagREfRJsI-00069-00017430-00017585 any requester in the direction of
+GkagREfRJsI-00070-00017586-00017777 resources like the breaking Monero
+GkagREfRJsI-00071-00017778-00017957 series published by the Monero community
+GkagREfRJsI-00072-00017958-00018179 and researchers because I can do nothing
+GkagREfRJsI-00073-00018180-00018322 beyond that
+GkagREfRJsI-00074-00018323-00018605 Monero is based on very well-established
+GkagREfRJsI-00075-00018606-00018749 cryptography
+GkagREfRJsI-00076-00018750-00018947 the code base has been Babble tested
+GkagREfRJsI-00077-00018948-00019114 over nearly a decade with each
+GkagREfRJsI-00078-00019115-00019283 incremental Improvement reviews by
+GkagREfRJsI-00079-00019284-00019469 screeds of contributors and major
+GkagREfRJsI-00080-00019470-00019686 changes even audited by reputable code
+GkagREfRJsI-00081-00019687-00019955 cryptography auditing groups
+GkagREfRJsI-00082-00019956-00020171 I have no ability to provide any
+GkagREfRJsI-00083-00020172-00020363 government agency with anything beyond
+GkagREfRJsI-00084-00020364-00020525 this information
+GkagREfRJsI-00085-00020526-00020771 I have no privileged access to monero's
+GkagREfRJsI-00086-00020772-00021064 code GitHub repo website Twitter account
+GkagREfRJsI-00087-00021065-00021371 DNS records donated funds or anything
+GkagREfRJsI-00088-00021372-00021497 else
+GkagREfRJsI-00089-00021498-00021749 at my insistence my access to things
+GkagREfRJsI-00090-00021750-00021953 like monero's code base will never be
+GkagREfRJsI-00091-00021954-00022055 restored
+GkagREfRJsI-00092-00022056-00022289 it is beyond disappointing that I even
+GkagREfRJsI-00093-00022290-00022475 have to write this thread
+GkagREfRJsI-00094-00022476-00022714 the accusations of a known scammer are
+GkagREfRJsI-00095-00022715-00022907 clearly nonsensical and should not need
+GkagREfRJsI-00096-00022908-00023027 refuting
+GkagREfRJsI-00097-00023028-00023339 this is brandolini's law in action
+GkagREfRJsI-00098-00023340-00023555 I am grateful for all who pointed out
+GkagREfRJsI-00099-00023556-00023843 the glaring flaws in the original thread
+GkagREfRJsI-00100-00023844-00024053 I am disappointed in those who Amplified
+GkagREfRJsI-00101-00024054-00024286 what was clearly nonsense
+GkagREfRJsI-00102-00024287-00024467 and I literally could not care less
+GkagREfRJsI-00103-00024468-00024641 about the handful who acted with great
+GkagREfRJsI-00104-00024642-00024850 Sean Freda and let their own biases
+GkagREfRJsI-00105-00024851-00025013 embarrass them
+GkagREfRJsI-00106-00025014-00025344 next on to Innovation on polygon
+GkagREfRJsI-00107-00025345-00025577 avogachi disclosed its intentions to
+GkagREfRJsI-00108-00025578-00025762 develop its own blockchain which would
+GkagREfRJsI-00109-00025763-00025955 be known as gotcha chain
+GkagREfRJsI-00110-00025956-00026152 the network will make use of polygon
+GkagREfRJsI-00111-00026154-00026387 supernats which is a service provided by
+GkagREfRJsI-00112-00026388-00026602 polygon that enables projects to develop
+GkagREfRJsI-00113-00026604-00026783 their own application-specific chain
+GkagREfRJsI-00114-00026783-00026945 infrastructure
+GkagREfRJsI-00115-00026945-00027131 they are getting ready to create gotcha
+GkagREfRJsI-00116-00027132-00027293 chain a blockchain that will be
+GkagREfRJsI-00117-00027294-00027479 exclusively used for avogachi
+GkagREfRJsI-00118-00027480-00027658 transactions and will be powered by
+GkagREfRJsI-00119-00027660-00027851 polygon supernets
+GkagREfRJsI-00120-00027852-00028108 every user can transact on a supernet
+GkagREfRJsI-00121-00028110-00028337 but only specific developers are allowed
+GkagREfRJsI-00122-00028338-00028499 to implement contracts on these
+GkagREfRJsI-00123-00028500-00028795 offshoots of the polygon POS Network
+GkagREfRJsI-00124-00028795-00029099 supernets are permissioned offshoots
+GkagREfRJsI-00125-00029100-00029320 because of our agreement they will be
+GkagREfRJsI-00126-00029322-00029524 able to employ polygon supernets
+GkagREfRJsI-00127-00029525-00029740 technology to develop a blockchain that
+GkagREfRJsI-00128-00029741-00029920 is tailored for gaming
+GkagREfRJsI-00129-00029922-00030101 this blockchain will have shorter wait
+GkagREfRJsI-00130-00030102-00030323 times for transactions cheaper gas
+GkagREfRJsI-00131-00030324-00030599 prices and improved scalability
+GkagREfRJsI-00132-00030600-00030827 to put it another way gotcha chain will
+GkagREfRJsI-00133-00030827-00030989 serve as the ideal launch pad for
+GkagREfRJsI-00134-00030989-00031217 avogachi themed games and decentralized
+GkagREfRJsI-00135-00031218-00031427 applications dapps
+GkagREfRJsI-00136-00031427-00031739 on gotcha chain the ghst token which is
+GkagREfRJsI-00137-00031739-00031937 avogachi's version of an environmental
+GkagREfRJsI-00138-00031938-00032152 governance token will serve as the gas
+GkagREfRJsI-00139-00032154-00032399 token for all transactions
+GkagREfRJsI-00140-00032400-00032639 we may anticipate the debut of gotcha
+GkagREfRJsI-00141-00032639-00032818 chain as early as the third quarter of
+GkagREfRJsI-00142-00032819-00032977 2023
+GkagREfRJsI-00143-00032978-00033274 avogachi is a non-fungible token nft
+GkagREfRJsI-00144-00033275-00033515 gaming technology that is held by the
+GkagREfRJsI-00145-00033516-00033743 community and is open source
+GkagREfRJsI-00146-00033744-00033940 it gives players the ability to have
+GkagREfRJsI-00147-00033941-00034152 actual asset ownership
+GkagREfRJsI-00148-00034153-00034433 avogachi nfts are on-chain collectible
+GkagREfRJsI-00149-00034434-00034577 ghosts that are staked with interest
+GkagREfRJsI-00150-00034578-00034757 generating a tokens from the Ave
+GkagREfRJsI-00151-00034758-00034918 ecosystem
+GkagREfRJsI-00152-00034919-00035159 we are thrilled to partner with avogachi
+GkagREfRJsI-00153-00035160-00035351 to bring gaming to the next level said
+GkagREfRJsI-00154-00035352-00035662 Hamza Khan head of defy at polygon
+GkagREfRJsI-00155-00035663-00035909 polygon supernets technology will enable
+GkagREfRJsI-00156-00035910-00036083 avagachi to create a blockchain
+GkagREfRJsI-00157-00036084-00036311 optimized for gaming providing users
+GkagREfRJsI-00158-00036312-00036649 with the ultimate nft gaming experience
+GkagREfRJsI-00159-00036650-00036809 also
+GkagREfRJsI-00160-00036810-00037037 we are excited to partner with polygon
+GkagREfRJsI-00161-00037038-00037259 and leverage its supernets technology to
+GkagREfRJsI-00162-00037260-00037409 create a gaming blockchain that will
+GkagREfRJsI-00163-00037410-00037612 provide a superior user experience for
+GkagREfRJsI-00164-00037613-00037889 our community said Jesse Johnson CEO of
+GkagREfRJsI-00165-00037890-00038093 pixelcraft Studios
+GkagREfRJsI-00166-00038094-00038273 on to the Securities and Exchange
+GkagREfRJsI-00167-00038274-00038512 Commission SEC has brought charges
+GkagREfRJsI-00168-00038513-00038693 against the cryptocurrency entrepreneur
+GkagREfRJsI-00169-00038694-00038885 Justin sun and three of his companies
+GkagREfRJsI-00170-00038886-00039149 namely Tron Foundation limited bittorran
+GkagREfRJsI-00171-00039150-00039329 Foundation limited and Rain Dairy
+GkagREfRJsI-00172-00039330-00039533 Incorporated for the unregistered offer
+GkagREfRJsI-00173-00039534-00039761 and sale of crypto asset Securities Tron
+GkagREfRJsI-00174-00039762-00040024 TRX and BitTorrent
+GkagREfRJsI-00175-00040025-00040240 both of these cryptocurrencies are known
+GkagREfRJsI-00176-00040241-00040474 as tokens BTT
+GkagREfRJsI-00177-00040475-00040679 intend with the saw suit the following
+GkagREfRJsI-00178-00040680-00040846 eight celebrities have been accused for
+GkagREfRJsI-00179-00040847-00041080 unlawfully promoting TRX and or BTT
+GkagREfRJsI-00180-00041081-00041218 without declaring that they were
+GkagREfRJsI-00181-00041219-00041405 rewarded for doing so and the amount of
+GkagREfRJsI-00182-00041406-00041567 pay that they received
+GkagREfRJsI-00183-00041568-00041759 these charges were brought concurrently
+GkagREfRJsI-00184-00041760-00041933 by the SEC
+GkagREfRJsI-00185-00041934-00042143 Lindsay Lohan
+GkagREfRJsI-00186-00042144-00042317 Jake Paul
+GkagREfRJsI-00187-00042318-00042671 DeAndre Cortez way Soulja Boy
+GkagREfRJsI-00188-00042672-00042874 Austin Mahone
+GkagREfRJsI-00189-00042875-00043187 Michelle Mason Kendra Lust
+GkagREfRJsI-00190-00043188-00043505 miles Parks McCollum Lil yachty
+GkagREfRJsI-00191-00043506-00043774 Schaefer Smith Neo
+GkagREfRJsI-00192-00043775-00044057 alien thiam acon
+GkagREfRJsI-00193-00044058-00044296 Sun allegedly conspired to manipulate
+GkagREfRJsI-00194-00044297-00044543 trx's secondary market trading volume
+GkagREfRJsI-00195-00044544-00044777 according to the commission
+GkagREfRJsI-00196-00044778-00045071 Sun reportedly ordered over 600 000 TRX
+GkagREfRJsI-00197-00045072-00045262 wash transactions between two crypto
+GkagREfRJsI-00198-00045263-00045443 asset trading platform accounts he
+GkagREfRJsI-00199-00045444-00045689 control from April 2018 to February
+GkagREfRJsI-00200-00045690-00045862 2019.
+GkagREfRJsI-00201-00045863-00046043 this case demonstrates again the
+GkagREfRJsI-00202-00046044-00046217 high-risk investors face when crypto
+GkagREfRJsI-00203-00046218-00046402 asset Securities are offered and sold
+GkagREfRJsI-00204-00046403-00046649 without proper disclosure said SEC chair
+GkagREfRJsI-00205-00046650-00046799 Gary Gensler
+GkagREfRJsI-00206-00046800-00047045 as alleged sun and his companies not
+GkagREfRJsI-00207-00047046-00047224 only targeted U.S investors in their
+GkagREfRJsI-00208-00047225-00047440 unregistered offers and sales generating
+GkagREfRJsI-00209-00047441-00047627 millions in illegal proceeds at the
+GkagREfRJsI-00210-00047628-00047812 expense of investors but they also
+GkagREfRJsI-00211-00047813-00047974 coordinated wash trading on an
+GkagREfRJsI-00212-00047975-00048143 unregistered trading platform to create
+GkagREfRJsI-00213-00048144-00048293 the misleading appearance of active
+GkagREfRJsI-00214-00048294-00048490 trading in TRX
+GkagREfRJsI-00215-00048491-00048689 Sun further induced investors to
+GkagREfRJsI-00216-00048690-00048965 purchase TRX and BTT by orchestrating a
+GkagREfRJsI-00217-00048966-00049139 promotional campaign in which he and his
+GkagREfRJsI-00218-00049140-00049318 celebrity promoters had the fact that
+GkagREfRJsI-00219-00049319-00049457 the celebrities were paid for their
+GkagREfRJsI-00220-00049458-00049565 tweets
+GkagREfRJsI-00221-00049566-00049733 while we're neutral about the
+GkagREfRJsI-00222-00049734-00049936 Technologies at issue we're anything but
+GkagREfRJsI-00223-00049937-00050086 neutral when it comes to investor
+GkagREfRJsI-00224-00050087-00050308 protection said Gerber s grow all
+GkagREfRJsI-00225-00050309-00050524 director of the sec's division of
+GkagREfRJsI-00226-00050525-00050662 enforcement
+GkagREfRJsI-00227-00050663-00050885 as alleged in the complaint sun and
+GkagREfRJsI-00228-00050886-00051052 others used an age-old Playbook to
+GkagREfRJsI-00229-00051053-00051238 mislead and harm investors by first
+GkagREfRJsI-00230-00051239-00051430 offering Securities without complying
+GkagREfRJsI-00231-00051432-00051580 with registration and disclosure
+GkagREfRJsI-00232-00051582-00051761 requirements and then manipulating the
+GkagREfRJsI-00233-00051762-00051994 market for those very securities
+GkagREfRJsI-00234-00051995-00052246 at the same time sun paid celebrities
+GkagREfRJsI-00235-00052247-00052444 with millions of social media followers
+GkagREfRJsI-00236-00052445-00052666 to tout the unregistered offerings while
+GkagREfRJsI-00237-00052667-00052816 specifically directing that they not
+GkagREfRJsI-00238-00052817-00053026 disclose their compensation
+GkagREfRJsI-00239-00053027-00053225 this is the very conduct that the
+GkagREfRJsI-00240-00053226-00053404 federal Securities laws were designed to
+GkagREfRJsI-00241-00053405-00053603 protect against regardless of the label
+GkagREfRJsI-00242-00053604-00053807 sun and others used
+GkagREfRJsI-00243-00053808-00054082 Adam B Gottlieb and Rosenfield John
+GkagREfRJsI-00244-00054083-00054304 Lucas and John Marino were the ones
+GkagREfRJsI-00245-00054305-00054430 responsible for leading the
+GkagREfRJsI-00246-00054432-00054635 investigation for the SEC Paul Kim
+GkagREfRJsI-00247-00054636-00054929 Michael Brennan Jorge G tenrero and
+GkagREfRJsI-00248-00054929-00055091 David Hirsch were in charge of its
+GkagREfRJsI-00249-00055091-00055204 supervision
+GkagREfRJsI-00250-00055205-00055450 the lawsuit that the SEC is involved in
+GkagREfRJsI-00251-00055451-00055661 will be directed by Timothy Halloran and
+GkagREfRJsI-00252-00055662-00055859 Mr Gottlieb with Melissa Armstrong
+GkagREfRJsI-00253-00055860-00056153 serving as the overarching supervisor
+GkagREfRJsI-00254-00056154-00056350 next we have a Wells notice that
+GkagREfRJsI-00255-00056351-00056573 collapsed the coinbase stock
+GkagREfRJsI-00256-00056574-00056759 The prominent cryptocurrency exchange
+GkagREfRJsI-00257-00056760-00056950 coinbase made the announcement that it
+GkagREfRJsI-00258-00056951-00057119 has been served with a Wells notice by
+GkagREfRJsI-00259-00057120-00057287 the United States Securities and
+GkagREfRJsI-00260-00057288-00057515 Exchange Commission SEC which is an
+GkagREfRJsI-00261-00057516-00057700 indication that the governing body May
+GkagREfRJsI-00262-00057701-00057887 pursue some kind of disciplinary action
+GkagREfRJsI-00263-00057888-00058073 against the business
+GkagREfRJsI-00264-00058074-00058354 coinbase press release States
+GkagREfRJsI-00265-00058355-00058619 today the SEC gave coinbase a Wells
+GkagREfRJsI-00266-00058620-00058829 notice regarding an undefined portion of
+GkagREfRJsI-00267-00058829-00059021 our listed digital assets our staking
+GkagREfRJsI-00268-00059022-00059273 service coinbase earn coinbase Prime and
+GkagREfRJsI-00269-00059274-00059447 coinbase wallet after a cursory
+GkagREfRJsI-00270-00059448-00059597 investigation
+GkagREfRJsI-00271-00059598-00059830 we are prepared for this disappointing
+GkagREfRJsI-00272-00059832-00059975 development
+GkagREfRJsI-00273-00059976-00060179 we are confident in the legality of our
+GkagREfRJsI-00274-00060179-00060413 assets and services and if needed we
+GkagREfRJsI-00275-00060414-00060599 welcome a legal process to provide the
+GkagREfRJsI-00276-00060600-00060779 clarity we have been advocating for and
+GkagREfRJsI-00277-00060779-00060988 to demonstrate that the SEC simply has
+GkagREfRJsI-00278-00060989-00061163 not been fair or reasonable when it
+GkagREfRJsI-00279-00061164-00061325 comes to its engagement on digital
+GkagREfRJsI-00280-00061326-00061444 assets
+GkagREfRJsI-00281-00061445-00061679 rest assured coinbase products and
+GkagREfRJsI-00282-00061679-00061888 services continue to operate as usual
+GkagREfRJsI-00283-00061889-00062087 today's news does not require any
+GkagREfRJsI-00284-00062088-00062254 changes to our current products or
+GkagREfRJsI-00285-00062255-00062387 services
+GkagREfRJsI-00286-00062388-00062626 today's Wells notice does not provide a
+GkagREfRJsI-00287-00062627-00062885 lot of information for us to respond to
+GkagREfRJsI-00288-00062886-00063088 the SEC staff told us they have
+GkagREfRJsI-00289-00063089-00063280 identified potential violations of
+GkagREfRJsI-00290-00063282-00063526 Securities Law but little more
+GkagREfRJsI-00291-00063527-00063754 we asked the SEC specifically to
+GkagREfRJsI-00292-00063755-00063941 identify which assets on our platforms
+GkagREfRJsI-00293-00063941-00064157 they believe may be Securities and they
+GkagREfRJsI-00294-00064158-00064325 decline to do so
+GkagREfRJsI-00295-00064326-00064535 today's Wells notice also comes after
+GkagREfRJsI-00296-00064536-00064769 coinbase provided multiple proposals to
+GkagREfRJsI-00297-00064770-00064973 the SEC about registration over the
+GkagREfRJsI-00298-00064974-00065147 course of months all of which the SEC
+GkagREfRJsI-00299-00065148-00065429 ultimately refused to respond to
+GkagREfRJsI-00300-00065429-00065656 as we've also explained before our
+GkagREfRJsI-00301-00065657-00065849 staking services are not Securities
+GkagREfRJsI-00302-00065850-00066082 under any legal standard including the
+GkagREfRJsI-00303-00066083-00066269 Howie test which assesses whether a
+GkagREfRJsI-00304-00066270-00066515 product is an investment contract
+GkagREfRJsI-00305-00066516-00066719 we first presented our staking services
+GkagREfRJsI-00306-00066720-00067055 to the SEC in 2019.
+GkagREfRJsI-00307-00067056-00067361 then twice more in 2020
+GkagREfRJsI-00308-00067362-00067649 we were largely met with silence
+GkagREfRJsI-00309-00067650-00067906 until this investigation we had heard no
+GkagREfRJsI-00310-00067907-00068105 concerns at all from the SEC about our
+GkagREfRJsI-00311-00068106-00068273 staking services
+GkagREfRJsI-00312-00068274-00068549 coinbase wallet is a technology not an
+GkagREfRJsI-00313-00068550-00068741 exchange or broker or centralized
+GkagREfRJsI-00314-00068742-00068873 platform
+GkagREfRJsI-00315-00068874-00069094 this misunderstanding of crypto products
+GkagREfRJsI-00316-00069095-00069341 assets and services is another example
+GkagREfRJsI-00317-00069342-00069526 of the need for comprehensive crypto
+GkagREfRJsI-00318-00069527-00069737 regulation in the U.S that understands
+GkagREfRJsI-00319-00069738-00069887 the technology
+GkagREfRJsI-00320-00069888-00070126 how do that will conclude today's update
+GkagREfRJsI-00321-00070127-00070403 on trending news in the crypto world
+GkagREfRJsI-00322-00070404-00070588 thank you for watching if you made it
+GkagREfRJsI-00323-00070589-00070738 all the way through
+GkagREfRJsI-00324-00070739-00071050 stay tuned we are in active admin
+GkagREfRJsI-00325-00071051-00071363 please like comment and subscribe never
+GkagREfRJsI-00326-00071364-00071603 be afraid to voice your opinion
+GkagREfRJsI-00327-00071604-00071782 tell us in the comments what you think
+GkagREfRJsI-00328-00071783-00071987 and give us some suggestions on what
+GkagREfRJsI-00329-00071988-00072155 kind of content you'd like us to Deep
+GkagREfRJsI-00330-00072156-00072281 dive into
+GkagREfRJsI-00331-00072282-00072611 until next time good day good night and
+GkagREfRJsI-00332-00072612-00072860 goodbye
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00000-00000023-00000836 [Music]
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00001-00000836-00001217 a long long time ago nothing lived on
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00002-00001218-00001418 the earth there are plans in trees and
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00003-00001419-00001619 rocks and things not a lot was moving
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00004-00001620-00001772 unless it was moved by the wind to the
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00005-00001773-00001976 rain in the water the animals though
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00006-00001977-00002147 they were still around they were up in
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00007-00002148-00002387 the skies mrs. moon pitbulls out as a
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00008-00002388-00002551 blue and green ball headed away we look
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00009-00002552-00002731 up at the moon Nicola it was pretty but
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00010-00002732-00002876 they didn't think much more about it
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00011-00002877-00003074 well most of them didn't anyway to
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00012-00003075-00003233 provide a rabbit he was always pretty
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00013-00003234-00003503 curious every night mrs. moon would go
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00014-00003504-00003692 down to the earth in the day her husband
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00015-00003693-00003875 mr. Sun will go and buy a rabbit I
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00016-00003876-00004004 himself wondering what they were doing
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00017-00004004-00004238 out there so one day he goes up and asks
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00018-00004239-00004484 earth hey mrs. moon what you doing down
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00019-00004485-00004709 there and that blue moon ball well
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00020-00004710-00004904 that's my arsenal garden sweetie and
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00021-00004905-00005075 when I'm out there my husband goes
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00022-00005076-00005270 sometimes you even go together fresh
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00023-00005271-00005482 special little lace you know I'll ask
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00024-00005483-00005722 them nighty night mrs. moon hey mind if
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00025-00005723-00005959 I go and check it out oh no I don't
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00026-00005960-00006134 think it's a good idea we put a lot of a
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00027-00006135-00006302 lot of work into it and we want to keep
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00028-00006303-00006442 it just the way we like it you know
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00029-00006443-00006758 Chuck so you keep it all yourself yep
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00030-00006759-00006964 that's the way it going to be sorry I
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00031-00006965-00007286 rabbit oh man by the way nice is most
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00032-00007287-00007570 local kind of thin lately oh really you
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00033-00007572-00007814 think so I'd mamas brand new diet i
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00034-00007815-00008075 think i'm looking better than ever let
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00035-00008076-00008303 him know about that mrs. moon i mean you
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00036-00008304-00008441 all like you plenty well when you're
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00037-00008442-00008702 around i think i look better this way I
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00038-00008703-00008867 have a new plan to lose a couple more
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00039-00008868-00009155 pounds and so there I think can use all
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00040-00009156-00009365 honest it always had my rabbit check out
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00041-00009366-00009584 this curiosity mrs. Lewin keppra proper
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00042-00009585-00009727 diet even though it wasn't a good idea
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00043-00009728-00010010 after all yo-yo dieting can make anyone
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00044-00010011-00010262 mighty sick even mrs. moon and sure
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00045-00010263-00010469 enough one night she ended up feeling my
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00046-00010470-00010802 deal I think I'm going to stay home
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00047-00010803-00011024 tonight and go to my garden after rest
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00048-00011025-00011224 up a little while she said to herself
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00049-00011225-00011486 until mrs. moon tucked herself into bed
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00050-00011487-00011726 and got herself some rest now this is
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00051-00011727-00011951 what Breyer I will wait before he knew
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00052-00011952-00012140 where mrs. moon kept her thing so he
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00053-00012141-00012320 snuck gone in and borrowed the way down
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00054-00012321-00012527 to earth it figured small as he was back
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00055-00012528-00012719 before mrs. moon wolf and mr. Sun
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00056-00012720-00012877 gaming visited everything would be fine
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00057-00012878-00013105 and when he got down to earth you saw
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00058-00013106-00013330 something you've never seen before so it
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00059-00013331-00013513 grasps to run between his toes and the
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00060-00013515-00013714 wing played in his hair here at and
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00061-00013715-00013919 laugh all night long returning just
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00062-00013919-00014150 before dawn how the animals wondered
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00063-00014151-00014190 where
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00064-00014191-00014388 and navarre she told them he snuck his
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00065-00014388-00014553 weight on earth he told them how
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00066-00014554-00014747 beautiful it wasn't how wonderful it was
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00067-00014749-00014955 the animals could barely leave their
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00068-00014956-00015231 ears now I rather you get in a kid must
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00069-00015232-00015555 come on no I'm not kidding you back next
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00070-00015556-00015705 time mrs. moon get didn't remember here
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00071-00015706-00015882 to do one those silly diet i'm going to
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00072-00015883-00016155 show you myself sure enough mrs. noon
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00073-00016156-00016389 got him on those chilly diets again she
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00074-00016390-00016590 got off and she got off safely I had to
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00075-00016591-00016794 take a couple more nights off and soon
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00076-00016795-00016983 as she did my wrath and the other animal
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00077-00016984-00017250 sneaks down to earth and it was just as
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00078-00017251-00017478 wonderful as by a rabbit and fed the
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00079-00017479-00017643 fish played in the waves and the birds
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00080-00017644-00017811 dance on the breeze and the whole earth
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00081-00017812-00018045 was full of song and laughter they all
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00082-00018046-00018264 had so much fun making he lost track of
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00083-00018265-00018495 time and mr. Sun came down to his garden
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00084-00018496-00018660 as he always did he saw this was
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00085-00018661-00018885 absolutely full of animal he stopped and
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00086-00018886-00019068 said wait wait wait how did you all get
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00087-00019069-00019209 down here you supposed to be up in the
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00088-00019210-00019446 sky of mrs. moon and they've had a blink
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00089-00019447-00019860 um yeah but she's not well right now she
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00090-00019861-00020139 uh no one were silly diet yeah
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00091-00020140-00020451 unfortunately don't look at us we think
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00092-00020452-00020769 she looks better round 2 i'm gonna go up
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00093-00020770-00021003 and never talk of my wife and he did
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00094-00021004-00021219 made you know them talked it over mrs.
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00095-00021220-00021384 moon wasn't you happy that they snuck
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00096-00021385-00021561 down like that back tonight it is
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00097-00021562-00021783 animals would see nurse now they all
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00098-00021784-00021954 liked what they saw and they were still
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00099-00021955-00022164 very happy they're innocent like a shame
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00100-00022165-00022389 to send them all back to the sky so they
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00101-00022390-00022533 decided well I guess we'll let the
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00102-00022534-00022749 animals stay low lizel costs too much
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00103-00022750-00023049 trouble out there and so the animals and
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00104-00023050-00023219 fish and birds and everything you see
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00105-00023220-00023369 today ended up living down on the earth
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00106-00023370-00023577 everything seemed to be going fine for
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00107-00023578-00023715 the most part except for the fact that
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00108-00023716-00023874 mrs. moon starting to get a little bit
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00109-00023875-00024072 lonely she was still used to the sky
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00110-00024073-00024231 being full of animals and now it was
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00111-00024232-00024435 still very quiet just tear up there
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00112-00024436-00024621 looking down occasionally visiting her
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00113-00024622-00024858 garden well I rabbits so kind of bad
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00114-00024859-00025059 about this and so I decide to throw in a
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00115-00025060-00025350 pack up their home for a visit so look
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00116-00025351-00025530 up in the sky sometimes summer moon is
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00117-00025531-00025731 at her most round most happy you look
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00118-00025732-00025917 rafalski you see a little rabbit up
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00119-00025918-00026264 there visiting mrs. moon
+Gl4irqZgUFg-00120-00026264-00026470 you
+GmM3WC08TJI-00000-00000032-00000077 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00001-00000078-00000744 fanica
+GmM3WC08TJI-00002-00000745-00001523 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00004-00007964-00010014 blood test blood tests is
+GmM3WC08TJI-00005-00010015-00012101 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00006-00012102-00013943 hey
+GmM3WC08TJI-00008-00018462-00019740 foreign
+GmM3WC08TJI-00011-00029858-00030274 a special Figo
+GmM3WC08TJI-00013-00033286-00036268 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00014-00036269-00037655 heel strip um Missouri
+GmM3WC08TJI-00016-00041896-00042274 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00017-00042275-00042743 nikomba
+GmM3WC08TJI-00018-00042744-00045622 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00020-00049272-00051067 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00021-00051068-00052800 foreign
+GmM3WC08TJI-00023-00056225-00058813 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00025-00062722-00064909 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00026-00064910-00065123 electrolyte where he appear in
+GmM3WC08TJI-00028-00069259-00070900 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00029-00070901-00073319 foreign
+GmM3WC08TJI-00031-00076926-00078024 foreign
+GmM3WC08TJI-00032-00078025-00079037 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00033-00079038-00079889 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00034-00079890-00080143 [Applause]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00035-00080144-00081244 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00036-00081245-00082955 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00038-00087490-00088955 [Applause]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00039-00088956-00089873 uh
+GmM3WC08TJI-00040-00089874-00090217 foreign
+GmM3WC08TJI-00041-00090218-00091380 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00042-00091381-00091644 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00044-00095868-00098798 foreign
+GmM3WC08TJI-00045-00098799-00099500 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00046-00099501-00100346 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00047-00100347-00101287 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00048-00101288-00102250 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00049-00102251-00102392 share
+GmM3WC08TJI-00050-00102393-00103318 [Music]
+GmM3WC08TJI-00051-00103319-00103619 foreign
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00000-00000141-00001873 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00001-00001873-00002021 no no no no no no no no no no no no no
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00002-00002022-00002051 no no no no no no
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00003-00002052-00002483 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00004-00002484-00003789 Noah
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00005-00003790-00004349 [Applause]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00006-00004350-00005304 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00007-00005305-00007187 thank you
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00008-00007188-00008064 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00009-00008065-00008383 thank you
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00010-00008384-00008982 this is
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00011-00008983-00011075 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00012-00011076-00012619 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00013-00012620-00013578 thank you
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00014-00013579-00015347 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00015-00015347-00016489 [Music]
+H3ysjBSaaGy-00016-00016490-00016790 thank you
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00000-00000143-00000342 no what is this hold on
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00001-00000343-00000487 they were showing everyone going like
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00002-00000488-00000711 this and looking all serene
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00003-00000712-00001702 they showed josh doing this no not even
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00004-00001703-00001982 hello everyone welcome to violetaze
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00005-00001984-00002199 violet here and today i am looking at
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00006-00002200-00002359 now united turn it up
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00007-00002360-00002607 official music video you guys told me to
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00008-00002608-00002750 look at this video so i
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00009-00002751-00003015 am delivering like the postman we are
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00010-00003016-00003199 gonna jump right into it let's see what
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00011-00003200-00003343 we have installed
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00012-00003344-00003654 okay see this is why i have envy and
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00013-00003655-00003822 fomo because of scenes like this
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00014-00003823-00004015 can you imagine i've been in my house
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00015-00004015-00004151 for over a year just
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00016-00004152-00004367 chilling and then i see this and it just
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00017-00004368-00004502 makes me want to pack
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00018-00004503-00004751 a huge luggage and find myself in the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00019-00004752-00004822 caribbean
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00020-00004823-00005031 or somewhere in latin america or just
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00021-00005032-00005327 somewhere
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00022-00005328-00005638 oh cutie turn it
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00023-00005639-00006006 up turn that music up inspired by kitkat
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00024-00006007-00006263 oh kit kat must have paid a pretty penny
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00025-00006264-00006614 for this
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00026-00006615-00007246 oh they're in a mansion that's such a
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00027-00007247-00007751 pretty place wherever they are
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00028-00007752-00008119 oh wait okay hold on hold on let me go
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00029-00008120-00008159 back
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00030-00008159-00008483 let me rewind and let's start this [__]
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00031-00008484-00008646 again
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00032-00008647-00008974 yes do it giovanni yes do it
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00033-00008975-00009167 josh and i can't remember her name yes
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00034-00009168-00009671 do it eddie
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00035-00009672-00009806 you cannot tell me that was not a sick
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00036-00009807-00009999 sequence that was an amazing sequence
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00037-00010000-00010255 it was so simple yet so effective it
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00038-00010256-00011087 gave me good vibes
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00039-00011088-00011351 oh she has a nice body sabina okay we
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00040-00011352-00011414 see you
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00041-00011415-00011623 you didn't gain any parabola weight you
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00042-00011624-00012894 didn't gain any pandemonium weight
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00043-00012895-00013127 i have fomo like i'm so stressed
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00044-00013128-00013279 watching this right now this is torture
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00045-00013280-00013366 to me because
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00046-00013368-00013527 it's just where i want to be they are
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00047-00013528-00013951 living their best lives
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00048-00013952-00015022 they want atv in ah
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00049-00015023-00015215 oh wait she looked so good here look at
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00050-00015216-00015350 this i think her name is
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00051-00015351-00016750 melanie melanie okay
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00052-00016751-00016919 i'm getting such good vibes from this
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00053-00016920-00017063 music i love where they are
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00054-00017064-00017303 i love the colorful buildings i just
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00055-00017304-00017455 love the whole tropical feel
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00056-00017456-00017686 apart from that i love the color
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00057-00017687-00017839 correction that is such a weird thing to
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00058-00017840-00018030 say but obviously like the editors for
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00059-00018031-00018222 this music video went over it and color
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00060-00018223-00018375 corrected it and made it look more
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00061-00018376-00018439 vibrant
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00062-00018440-00018622 and they did an amazing job as a fellow
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00063-00018623-00019263 editor i applaud you this is amazing
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00064-00019264-00019881 wait i need to do that again
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00065-00019882-00020327 [Music]
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00066-00020328-00020607 josh and noah are just having a whole
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00067-00020608-00020678 bromance
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00068-00020679-00020822 they're not in this music video they
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00069-00020823-00020983 think that they're together just like
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00070-00020984-00021071 having their fun
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00071-00021072-00021167 they didn't even know that people were
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00072-00021168-00021366 filming them
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00073-00021367-00021678 [Music]
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00074-00021679-00022007 yes wait did you see that editing cut
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00075-00022008-00022167 i know i'm really geeking out over the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00076-00022168-00022278 editing right now but look at this
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00077-00022279-00022430 editing cut they went into the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00078-00022431-00022694 turning up but they also took away a few
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00079-00022695-00022839 frames to make it look
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00080-00022840-00023247 more hard hidden like look at this
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00081-00023248-00023694 the editor knows what they were doing
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00082-00023695-00023883 i'm loving how they're on all different
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00083-00023884-00024367 colors
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00084-00024368-00024678 i'm sorry i am geeking out i think
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00085-00024679-00024863 i can officially say this might be my
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00086-00024864-00025007 favorite now united video
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00087-00025008-00025183 just because of the dance move because
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00088-00025184-00025327 they're all colorful
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00089-00025328-00025558 and i think it might also be my favorite
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00090-00025559-00025662 song is it
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00091-00025663-00025902 i also like that who can think that love
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00092-00025904-00026087 something something something
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00093-00026088-00026423 oh i also like this will be better
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00094-00026424-00026695 better so between this one better and
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00095-00026695-00026807 who would think that love
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00096-00026808-00026967 i think those have to be my three
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00097-00026968-00027174 favorite vibes of music that they have
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00098-00027175-00027439 so far
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00099-00027439-00028046 [Music]
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00100-00028047-00028279 no what is this hold on they were
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00101-00028280-00028462 showing everyone going like this and
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00102-00028463-00028543 looking all
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00103-00028544-00028831 serene they showed josh doing this no
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00104-00028832-00029246 not even
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00105-00029247-00029462 there are actual trolls for doing this i
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00106-00029463-00029814 love it though
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00107-00029816-00030287 they all look so good
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00108-00030288-00030551 can we just look at this this shot right
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00109-00030552-00030711 here this is the shot
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00110-00030712-00030887 tell me you do not want to be there
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00111-00030888-00031046 right now if anyone know where
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00112-00031047-00031302 where they are in this video let me know
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00113-00031303-00031446 because i need to visit this place i'm
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00114-00031447-00031583 not even joking i see this in every
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00115-00031583-00031662 video
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00116-00031663-00032518 but this is just taking the cake
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00117-00032519-00032727 did you use that hereography let's watch
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00118-00032727-00032902 that herography one more time for the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00119-00032903-00033183 people in the back
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00120-00033184-00033487 who told you to go off like this
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00121-00033488-00033687 okay they did it so well who came up
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00122-00033688-00033918 with that
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00123-00033919-00034262 oh no that is a migraine
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00124-00034263-00034583 yes
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00125-00034584-00035118 oh we have some information
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00126-00035119-00035846 okay josh macgyver
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00127-00035847-00036015 it's just a lot going on between the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00128-00036016-00036199 scenery nine united members
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00129-00036200-00036430 their faceography their herography their
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00130-00036431-00036527 choreography
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00131-00036528-00036846 the editing the song everything is just
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00132-00036847-00037151 doing me somehow
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00133-00037152-00037830 turning up now
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00134-00037831-00038167 riviera maya mexico
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00135-00038168-00038446 that's where they shot it in mexico well
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00136-00038447-00038630 i think the music video answered my
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00137-00038631-00038718 question for me
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00138-00038719-00038927 a trip might have to be booked but look
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00139-00038928-00039183 at this ending shot right here
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00140-00039184-00039359 you can't tell me that was an epic even
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00141-00039360-00039702 the sound
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00142-00039703-00039902 so relaxing i just want to see if people
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00143-00039903-00040030 feel exact same way i feel
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00144-00040031-00040230 someone said this song has such a good
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00145-00040231-00040335 vibe that is
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00146-00040336-00040567 the way to encompass the whole thing the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00147-00040568-00040727 song the video everything is just a good
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00148-00040728-00040767 vibe
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00149-00040768-00040911 and it makes you feel like you're in the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00150-00040912-00041158 tropics if only for a few minutes
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00151-00041159-00041295 looking through the comments a lot of
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00152-00041296-00041462 people are talking about just giving
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00153-00041463-00041623 engagement to the music video so that
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00154-00041624-00041790 the views can get higher and
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00155-00041791-00041974 youtube can push it more and that is
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00156-00041975-00042151 something that i always realize
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00157-00042152-00042390 in now united music videos is that the
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00158-00042391-00042462 comments
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00159-00042463-00042662 have die hard fans that are trying to
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00160-00042663-00042887 make sure the music video does as
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00161-00042888-00043151 good as can do and that is amazing but
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00162-00043152-00043374 with that being said guys that was my
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00163-00043375-00043639 look at now united turn it up official
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00164-00043640-00043711 music video
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00165-00043712-00043887 and with that being said i have to give
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00166-00043888-00044102 a big shout out to the youtube channel
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00167-00044103-00044287 swingy on that channel you'll find
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00168-00044288-00044455 spiderman music videos
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00169-00044456-00044630 in the videos you'll see cool swinging
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00170-00044631-00044895 sequences from marvel spiderman ps4
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00171-00044896-00045207 pro and spiderman miles morales it's a
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00172-00045208-00045383 pretty cool concept so if you're into it
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00173-00045384-00045527 or even curious about it you should
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00174-00045528-00045630 definitely check it out
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00175-00045631-00045783 the link to that channel will be in my
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00176-00045784-00045943 description box below and with that
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00177-00045944-00046030 being said guys
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00178-00046031-00046223 if you like this video give it a thumbs
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00179-00046224-00046374 up it really really helps me out with
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00180-00046375-00046518 the youtube algorithm it helps you to
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00181-00046519-00046599 push it out more
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00182-00046600-00046735 and let me know your thoughts and
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00183-00046736-00046902 comments in the comment section below
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00184-00046903-00047007 i want to see what you guys think about
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00185-00047008-00047183 this music video because i loved it and
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00186-00047184-00047327 if you aren't already consider
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00187-00047328-00047462 subscribing to my channel and clicking
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00188-00047463-00047623 that notification bell so you don't miss
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00189-00047624-00047790 any of my videos and i'll see you back
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00190-00047791-00049083 here next time
+H4jlsY-7RJu-00191-00049084-00049384 bye
+H6ywImPkSwY-00000-00000173-00000367 alright well first I'd like to say thank
+H6ywImPkSwY-00001-00000368-00000569 you to everyone who was able to attend
+H6ywImPkSwY-00002-00000570-00000841 today I know we threw this bird's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00003-00000842-00001010 feather together in the last few weeks
+H6ywImPkSwY-00004-00001011-00001157 and it seemed like there was a lot of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00005-00001158-00001547 interest in discussing the migration
+H6ywImPkSwY-00006-00001548-00001934 from malate to the lessons tool which is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00007-00001935-00002134 now the officially supported modules
+H6ywImPkSwY-00008-00002135-00002513 tool in Sakai so I put together agenda
+H6ywImPkSwY-00009-00002514-00002687 as you can see here on the front page I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00010-00002688-00002816 was hoping that we could just really
+H6ywImPkSwY-00011-00002817-00002957 quickly go through wolke all see a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00012-00002958-00003118 different types of schools that are in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00013-00003119-00003263 attendance I don't want to spend too
+H6ywImPkSwY-00014-00003264-00003463 much time I met and then I want to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00015-00003464-00003650 review the pre assessment results which
+H6ywImPkSwY-00016-00003651-00004220 many of you shared with me via the the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00017-00004221-00004415 google form and then I want to jump
+H6ywImPkSwY-00018-00004416-00004733 right into an open discussion hopefully
+H6ywImPkSwY-00019-00004734-00004910 we can get a lot of participation and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00020-00004911-00005126 talking about best practices and whatnot
+H6ywImPkSwY-00021-00005127-00005545 all right so if we don't mind that can
+H6ywImPkSwY-00022-00005546-00005741 we just have I guess one by one I'm
+H6ywImPkSwY-00023-00005742-00005863 going to start if you look at the list
+H6ywImPkSwY-00024-00005864-00006134 on the left if you could sound out and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00025-00006135-00006368 let us know where you're from I guess we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00026-00006369-00007388 have Andrew green okay he might be in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00027-00007389-00007789 listen-only mode Beth Higgins yes I'm
+H6ywImPkSwY-00028-00007790-00007970 with the University Annapolis and we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00029-00007970-00008159 have transitioned several courses from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00030-00008159-00008669 Malik a two lessons view all right we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00031-00008670-00009725 have Brandon Brandon I warned you from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00032-00009726-00009884 alright brandon's listen only mode
+H6ywImPkSwY-00033-00009885-00010376 Christina ash why bird I'm from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00034-00010377-00010565 Northwest state community college in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00035-00010566-00011039 Ohio and we just finished converting to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00036-00011040-00011288 lessons this past summer was the first
+H6ywImPkSwY-00037-00011289-00011537 semester with maleta turned off
+H6ywImPkSwY-00038-00011538-00011756 completely well thank you for joining
+H6ywImPkSwY-00039-00011757-00011891 that's it would be a big help i know i
+H6ywImPkSwY-00040-00011892-00012041 asked for a few schools that had already
+H6ywImPkSwY-00041-00012042-00012233 migrated to join us today so that's very
+H6ywImPkSwY-00042-00012234-00012494 helpful thank you let's see here we have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00043-00012495-00013111 corn nicoletti hike or neglect college
+H6ywImPkSwY-00044-00013112-00013610 eres hello welcome all right and Dave
+H6ywImPkSwY-00045-00013611-00014488 Malone um dave is actually from film
+H6ywImPkSwY-00046-00014490-00014834 what Samantha arwen and divine we're at
+H6ywImPkSwY-00047-00014835-00015454 fitting in Los Angeles thank you no prom
+H6ywImPkSwY-00048-00015455-00015694 alright we have what's he gonna listen
+H6ywImPkSwY-00049-00015695-00016103 on DD hi I'm DD Huracan from marist
+H6ywImPkSwY-00050-00016104-00016391 college I'm with Corey nicoletti and Lou
+H6ywImPkSwY-00051-00016392-00016700 easily and we're in the midst of doing
+H6ywImPkSwY-00052-00016701-00016922 that change over so there's a lot of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00053-00016923-00017233 lessons to be learned here thank you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00054-00017234-00017429 alright let's see go down the list to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00055-00017430-00017875 see what we didn't get your Gwen one
+H6ywImPkSwY-00056-00017876-00018674 well alright she may be in listen-only
+H6ywImPkSwY-00057-00018675-00018854 little see here Jennifer's from Walsh we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00058-00018855-00019817 have that Louisa from marist matt j all
+H6ywImPkSwY-00059-00019818-00020156 right Matt J'son you didn't like I have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00060-00020157-00020267 Paul Walsh from the University of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00061-00020268-00021218 Baltimore Reba am Lee all right I see
+H6ywImPkSwY-00062-00021219-00021521 Sal Khan from Texas steep rise from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00063-00021522-00022060 marist as well Revis marys thank you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00064-00022061-00022199 alright so we have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00065-00022200-00022658 a very diverse institution population
+H6ywImPkSwY-00066-00022659-00022895 here some smaller schools we have a few
+H6ywImPkSwY-00067-00022896-00023159 larger schools here I want to go ahead
+H6ywImPkSwY-00068-00023160-00023519 and jump into the next slide which is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00069-00023520-00023663 the talk a little about the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00070-00023664-00023795 pre-assessment i just threw together a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00071-00023796-00024137 few questions last friday and now
+H6ywImPkSwY-00072-00024138-00024369 several the schools were kind enough to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00073-00024370-00024608 to participate if you can see the list
+H6ywImPkSwY-00074-00024609-00024830 of schools there what I wanted to do is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00075-00024831-00025169 just highlight some of the you know the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00076-00025170-00025301 question about what I asked but what did
+H6ywImPkSwY-00077-00025302-00025511 you hope to get out of this session so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00078-00025512-00025631 it looks like some people wanted to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00079-00025632-00025789 provide us with feedback which is very
+H6ywImPkSwY-00080-00025791-00026072 nice and then most of the rest of us
+H6ywImPkSwY-00081-00026073-00026308 were looking for shortcuts and best
+H6ywImPkSwY-00082-00026310-00026492 practices for doing it more easily than
+H6ywImPkSwY-00083-00026493-00026774 cutting and pasting people i think
+H6ywImPkSwY-00084-00026775-00026972 wanted to discuss university of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00085-00026973-00027158 baltimore included any ideas on
+H6ywImPkSwY-00086-00027158-00027605 automation and we're looking for tips
+H6ywImPkSwY-00087-00027606-00028183 and tricks for doing a conversions the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00088-00028185-00028327 other questions we asked for basically
+H6ywImPkSwY-00089-00028329-00028643 to get an idea of the number of courses
+H6ywImPkSwY-00090-00028644-00029602 on people away okay let's see here so we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00091-00029602-00029839 that looks like we have a varying sample
+H6ywImPkSwY-00092-00029839-00030166 size here we have a few larger
+H6ywImPkSwY-00093-00030167-00030448 institutions and a few institutions that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00094-00030449-00030883 have less than 250 total courses that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00095-00030883-00031249 they are using malate in the fall when
+H6ywImPkSwY-00096-00031250-00031608 we have here looks like a number of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00097-00031610-00031720 schools are looking to migrate to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00098-00031720-00032238 lessons within the next 12 to 24 months
+H6ywImPkSwY-00099-00032239-00032572 let's see here this was an interesting
+H6ywImPkSwY-00100-00032573-00032794 one the responsibility for course
+H6ywImPkSwY-00101-00032795-00033043 conversion so it looks like a number of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00102-00033044-00033175 schools actually the instructional
+H6ywImPkSwY-00103-00033176-00033570 technology staff assists with the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00104-00033571-00033838 migration of course content which is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00105-00033839-00033982 what we do here at the University of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00106-00033983-00034189 Baltimore and then there were a couple
+H6ywImPkSwY-00107-00034190-00034372 schools where the faculty migrate their
+H6ywImPkSwY-00108-00034373-00034771 own content and the last question was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00109-00034772-00034936 how many courses in total will you be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00110-00034937-00035263 migrating to lessons and we had a very
+H6ywImPkSwY-00111-00035264-00035536 amount there as well one school over a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00112-00035537-00035713 thousand or more I think that may have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00113-00035714-00035974 been marist if I recall and then the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00114-00035975-00036226 number of them anywhere between one and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00115-00036227-00036553 a thousand alright getting back to the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00116-00036554-00037087 agenda I want to start by I guess open
+H6ywImPkSwY-00117-00037088-00037366 up the floor and let's start an open
+H6ywImPkSwY-00118-00037367-00037672 dialogue about on the best practices for
+H6ywImPkSwY-00119-00037673-00037846 migrating from only two lessons I'm
+H6ywImPkSwY-00120-00037847-00038116 really hoping in this in the next 10
+H6ywImPkSwY-00121-00038117-00038386 minutes we can hear from those schools
+H6ywImPkSwY-00122-00038387-00038539 that are joining us today that have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00123-00038540-00038731 already migrated I think that's really
+H6ywImPkSwY-00124-00038732-00038926 helpful for the rest of the people
+H6ywImPkSwY-00125-00038927-00039181 listening in to hear from some schools
+H6ywImPkSwY-00126-00039182-00039292 that have already done this here's some
+H6ywImPkSwY-00127-00039293-00039418 of the best practices so I'm going to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00128-00039419-00040560 open the floor now
+H6ywImPkSwY-00129-00040561-00041087 at once well which schools have stated
+H6ywImPkSwY-00130-00041088-00041258 that they've actually completed our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00131-00041259-00041521 gotten a large chunk of this done yet
+H6ywImPkSwY-00132-00041522-00042220 this is deedee from marist we've done
+H6ywImPkSwY-00133-00042221-00042576 the vast majority of ours there's a few
+H6ywImPkSwY-00134-00042577-00042702 that aren't converted yet that aren't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00135-00042703-00042933 going to run again until probably spring
+H6ywImPkSwY-00136-00042934-00043185 that hadn't been converted yet but most
+H6ywImPkSwY-00137-00043186-00043461 of ours are and we had our faculty
+H6ywImPkSwY-00138-00043462-00043608 convert their own with a little
+H6ywImPkSwY-00139-00043609-00043940 assistance from me mostly because I'm a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00140-00043941-00044296 department of one so I could not convert
+H6ywImPkSwY-00141-00044297-00045002 about 200 to 250 courses the main
+H6ywImPkSwY-00142-00045003-00045167 guideline I gave them was to try to make
+H6ywImPkSwY-00143-00045168-00045464 the lessons page look like the same sort
+H6ywImPkSwY-00144-00045465-00045671 of weekly agenda they might hand out in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00145-00045672-00045917 a face-to-face class you have some text
+H6ywImPkSwY-00146-00045918-00046214 to the top title objectives links to the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00147-00046215-00046457 readings links to the assignments and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00148-00046458-00046968 just go from there so Christina you're
+H6ywImPkSwY-00149-00046969-00047114 saying you made it a layout page for
+H6ywImPkSwY-00150-00047115-00047393 them to follow like a template I gave
+H6ywImPkSwY-00151-00047394-00047643 them a I converted a couple classes that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00152-00047644-00047868 i gave them as that i let people see as
+H6ywImPkSwY-00153-00047869-00048180 an example we've got a few where they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00154-00048181-00048318 really just through links on the page
+H6ywImPkSwY-00155-00048319-00048695 and I'm gently nudging them to improve
+H6ywImPkSwY-00156-00048696-00049265 it but most of them once they saw an
+H6ywImPkSwY-00157-00049266-00049864 ideal lesson page it worked pretty well
+H6ywImPkSwY-00158-00049865-00050055 would you mind sharing that with the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00159-00050056-00050327 group what you put you would it look
+H6ywImPkSwY-00160-00050328-00050832 like it's just curious um a screen
+H6ywImPkSwY-00161-00050833-00051062 gender Cindy yeah let me see if I can
+H6ywImPkSwY-00162-00051063-00051476 get one dr. Eric now send it out through
+H6ywImPkSwY-00163-00051477-00051668 the mailing list afterwards that'd be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00164-00051669-00051983 great thank you but the one thing we did
+H6ywImPkSwY-00165-00051984-00052179 that I was actually very happy with this
+H6ywImPkSwY-00166-00052179-00052413 we sort of enforced a deadline but when
+H6ywImPkSwY-00167-00052414-00052826 it had to be done so we actually um we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00168-00052827-00053160 have long site as our hosting fighter
+H6ywImPkSwY-00169-00053161-00053475 and we just had them stealth the late a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00170-00053476-00053816 tool before we opened up summer classes
+H6ywImPkSwY-00171-00053817-00053973 so the instructors
+H6ywImPkSwY-00172-00053974-00054174 not put that tool into any future
+H6ywImPkSwY-00173-00054175-00054549 classes mm-hmm so they had to go to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00174-00054550-00055122 lessons or not have it online Wow dead
+H6ywImPkSwY-00175-00055123-00055569 stop cool sometimes it's the only way to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00176-00055570-00055766 actually enforce the rules otherwise if
+H6ywImPkSwY-00177-00055767-00055998 we made it optional we'd probably still
+H6ywImPkSwY-00178-00055999-00056495 having people a day five years from now
+H6ywImPkSwY-00179-00056496-00056979 yeah yeah this is Beth with the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00180-00056979-00057171 university in indianapolis and we pretty
+H6ywImPkSwY-00181-00057172-00057522 much did the same thing she did we're
+H6ywImPkSwY-00182-00057523-00057704 also with long site our faculty have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00183-00057705-00057980 actually until this friday to transfer
+H6ywImPkSwY-00184-00057982-00058239 the content from magritte a to lessons
+H6ywImPkSwY-00185-00058240-00058517 and we did a combination of faculty do
+H6ywImPkSwY-00186-00058519-00058713 them during their own as well as our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00187-00058714-00058926 instructional technology design staff
+H6ywImPkSwY-00188-00058927-00059172 helping them or doing it for them and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00189-00059173-00059427 have used it as an opportunity to help
+H6ywImPkSwY-00190-00059428-00059615 the faculty redesign their courses
+H6ywImPkSwY-00191-00059616-00059853 versus as you said just throw a bunch of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00192-00059854-00060029 links up there for the students to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00193-00060030-00060402 access and we also gave them when they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00194-00060403-00060537 wanted it or try to encourage them to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00195-00060538-00060825 use a template to work from so we could
+H6ywImPkSwY-00196-00060826-00060999 make sure they put their description
+H6ywImPkSwY-00197-00061000-00061203 learning objectives readings etc out
+H6ywImPkSwY-00198-00061204-00061737 there versus just a set of links that's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00199-00061738-00062559 cool man all right is there anyone else
+H6ywImPkSwY-00200-00062560-00062682 out there who'd like to share their
+H6ywImPkSwY-00201-00062683-00064179 experiences in in migrating content
+H6ywImPkSwY-00202-00064179-00064887 okay hello hello go I Sandra from H you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00203-00064888-00065187 see we we are a very small department of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00204-00065188-00065379 three people with a couple of online
+H6ywImPkSwY-00205-00065380-00065649 part-time support and we do it for our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00206-00065650-00065947 faculty so I would say there's a couple
+H6ywImPkSwY-00207-00065948-00066211 of different schools and certificate
+H6ywImPkSwY-00208-00066212-00066369 programs that we've already moved a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00209-00066370-00066543 bunch of stuff over from allah tato
+H6ywImPkSwY-00210-00066544-00066843 lessons but we do it ourselves and don't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00211-00066844-00067101 really have any input from the faculty
+H6ywImPkSwY-00212-00067102-00067242 they just kind of give us them stuff
+H6ywImPkSwY-00213-00067243-00067471 they gave us their stuff originally for
+H6ywImPkSwY-00214-00067472-00067810 modules and now we've refashioned it one
+H6ywImPkSwY-00215-00067811-00068076 of the big issues is just the navigation
+H6ywImPkSwY-00216-00068077-00068359 is so different in lesson builder that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00217-00068360-00068505 we had to come up with a different
+H6ywImPkSwY-00218-00068506-00068799 strategy for how students move through
+H6ywImPkSwY-00219-00068800-00069247 the courses so essentially we start with
+H6ywImPkSwY-00220-00069248-00069580 one kind of navigation page and then
+H6ywImPkSwY-00221-00069581-00069811 each module is built as a sub page
+H6ywImPkSwY-00222-00069812-00070119 button on that page and gradually reveal
+H6ywImPkSwY-00223-00070120-00070730 throughout the semester thank you Andrew
+H6ywImPkSwY-00224-00070731-00071025 so now I guess Christina Beth and Andrew
+H6ywImPkSwY-00225-00071026-00071386 in terms of the migration itself is it a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00226-00071387-00071718 majority of copying and pasting the HTML
+H6ywImPkSwY-00227-00071719-00072091 content from uh from I guess one text
+H6ywImPkSwY-00228-00072092-00072412 box to you know similar construct in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00229-00072413-00072744 lessons is that pretty much the strategy
+H6ywImPkSwY-00230-00072745-00073119 that that was employed uh yeah for the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00231-00073120-00073392 most part it was the exception of some
+H6ywImPkSwY-00232-00073393-00073672 items that are embedded especially
+H6ywImPkSwY-00233-00073673-00073840 images images or just handled
+H6ywImPkSwY-00234-00073841-00074229 differently so a lot of images just had
+H6ywImPkSwY-00235-00074230-00074507 to be re-imported to sites and then
+H6ywImPkSwY-00236-00074508-00075229 added to lessen pages like manually we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00237-00075230-00075349 did the same thing it was a lot of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00238-00075350-00075541 copying paste the most time-consuming
+H6ywImPkSwY-00239-00075542-00075942 part was when faculty had linked to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00240-00075943-00076222 documents articles whatever directly
+H6ywImPkSwY-00241-00076223-00076380 within maleta and then they had to be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00242-00076381-00076581 downloaded and uploaded to resources and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00243-00076582-00077189 then the links recreated
+H6ywImPkSwY-00244-00077190-00077717 I don't move it RCL velvety and it put
+H6ywImPkSwY-00245-00077718-00077915 all those links together on one page and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00246-00077916-00078488 making it for free hi this elusive from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00247-00078489-00078725 Earth college we're just doing the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00248-00078726-00079199 migration right now we tried different
+H6ywImPkSwY-00249-00079200-00079637 ways to import the content formality to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00250-00079638-00080081 lessons but eventually we figured that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00251-00080082-00080285 the easiest way is still the old
+H6ywImPkSwY-00252-00080286-00080651 fashioned the copy and paste I know on
+H6ywImPkSwY-00253-00080652-00080972 agenda we would talk about the using ims
+H6ywImPkSwY-00254-00080973-00081272 later but this is something I have to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00255-00081273-00081571 sort out right here we tried IMS
+H6ywImPkSwY-00256-00081572-00081908 importing and exporting and didn't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00257-00081909-00082256 really work that well because the format
+H6ywImPkSwY-00258-00082257-00082742 is really not what exactly the integrity
+H6ywImPkSwY-00259-00082743-00083090 wants it converts all the taxing to HTML
+H6ywImPkSwY-00260-00083091-00083519 you create another folder in the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00261-00083520-00083866 resources so kind of mess up the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00262-00083867-00084275 organization of the host resources
+H6ywImPkSwY-00263-00084276-00084641 folders a couple other things so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00264-00084642-00084866 eventually we're doing copy and paste
+H6ywImPkSwY-00265-00084867-00085253 but we get to hear from the faculty so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00266-00085254-00085391 what they think about this copy and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00267-00085392-00085765 paste yeah that's where we are right now
+H6ywImPkSwY-00268-00085766-00086114 and let me see you have I think you you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00269-00086115-00086252 have a lot of courses right are you the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00270-00086253-00086441 institution had a thousand or more total
+H6ywImPkSwY-00271-00086442-00087068 courses and that's ask me yeah so that's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00272-00087069-00087371 a lot of so are you how are you going
+H6ywImPkSwY-00273-00087372-00087506 about that I guess with you with a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00274-00087507-00087674 thousand are you doing it on like a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00275-00087675-00087887 college at a time or you would having
+H6ywImPkSwY-00276-00087888-00088073 faculty build themselves or you're
+H6ywImPkSwY-00277-00088074-00088490 assisting um no but you want to talk
+H6ywImPkSwY-00278-00088491-00088802 about this or I can just quickly I will
+H6ywImPkSwY-00279-00088803-00089060 mind hearing since you have you know you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00280-00089061-00089291 have I think of anybody he really said
+H6ywImPkSwY-00281-00089292-00089876 we build up a timeline we will face out
+H6ywImPkSwY-00282-00089877-00090206 the miletti in by the Nets up within
+H6ywImPkSwY-00283-00090207-00090554 next summer 2016 so we build up timeline
+H6ywImPkSwY-00284-00090555-00091049 so by the end of this year the miletti
+H6ywImPkSwY-00285-00091050-00091294 will be after the end of this year
+H6ywImPkSwY-00286-00091295-00091697 December first mileti will be what we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00287-00091698-00092144 call a view only mode so the faculty are
+H6ywImPkSwY-00288-00092145-00092375 recommended to transfer the content from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00289-00092376-00092618 molarity to lessons by the end of this
+H6ywImPkSwY-00290-00092619-00093100 year the next year spring it's view only
+H6ywImPkSwY-00291-00093101-00093431 for faculty students cannot see it so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00292-00093432-00093950 students can still transfer content but
+H6ywImPkSwY-00293-00093951-00094193 if they want to use it for students in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00294-00094194-00094531 next spring they have to do it so we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00295-00094532-00094787 created there's a timeline and we set up
+H6ywImPkSwY-00296-00094788-00095161 all kinds of workshops and open labs and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00297-00095162-00095462 hopefully they will attend and if they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00298-00095463-00095699 call we definitely will help them on
+H6ywImPkSwY-00299-00095700-00095993 specific needs and see what happens so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00300-00095994-00096353 we're kind of a little bit anxious to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00301-00096354-00097079 see what's happening ization yes helpful
+H6ywImPkSwY-00302-00097080-00097219 but it's helpful know and I like that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00303-00097220-00097481 the idea of actually you know in terms
+H6ywImPkSwY-00304-00097482-00097760 of phasing it out making it faculty only
+H6ywImPkSwY-00305-00097761-00098093 if you only that's a very uh that's a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00306-00098094-00098378 nice strategy I like that okay yeah we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00307-00098379-00098711 also met with all those online program
+H6ywImPkSwY-00308-00098712-00099173 chairs and pro program leaders and let
+H6ywImPkSwY-00309-00099174-00099406 them to be the point of contact to reach
+H6ywImPkSwY-00310-00099407-00099851 out to all the specific faculties
+H6ywImPkSwY-00311-00099852-00100298 instructors of these courses so we try
+H6ywImPkSwY-00312-00100299-00100568 to trickle down the line and try to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00313-00100569-00100823 reach as many people as possible yeah we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00314-00100824-00101035 definitely sent out numerous
+H6ywImPkSwY-00315-00101036-00101441 announcements and emails try to reach
+H6ywImPkSwY-00316-00101442-00102116 everybody okay we'll see your question
+H6ywImPkSwY-00317-00102117-00102433 here in copy and paste process did you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00318-00102434-00102709 combine lesson sections in the single
+H6ywImPkSwY-00319-00102710-00102899 lesson page or did you make each melody
+H6ywImPkSwY-00320-00102900-00103088 section into a unique lessons page
+H6ywImPkSwY-00321-00103089-00103436 that's a great question server
+H6ywImPkSwY-00322-00103438-00103721 you know we definitely have this two
+H6ywImPkSwY-00323-00103722-00104072 different way of organizing your content
+H6ywImPkSwY-00324-00104073-00104397 but I think for the new beginning our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00325-00104398-00104688 users of lessons we think to keep
+H6ywImPkSwY-00326-00104689-00104919 everything on one page is easier for
+H6ywImPkSwY-00327-00104920-00105408 them so what we recommend is to get one
+H6ywImPkSwY-00328-00105408-00105780 main lessons page then create multiple
+H6ywImPkSwY-00329-00105781-00106136 sub pages which will correspond to the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00330-00106138-00106518 modules in miletti so they will feel
+H6ywImPkSwY-00331-00106519-00106817 more familiar with it when they are
+H6ywImPkSwY-00332-00106818-00107091 using lessons become more familiar with
+H6ywImPkSwY-00333-00107092-00107466 lessons then we'll help them to redesign
+H6ywImPkSwY-00334-00107467-00107654 the course maybe they would like to have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00335-00107655-00107960 many top level lessons page but that's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00336-00107961-00108683 down the line all right thank you very
+H6ywImPkSwY-00337-00108684-00108903 much for that does anyone else have any
+H6ywImPkSwY-00338-00108904-00109436 other feedback in terms of migration the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00339-00109438-00109602 manual migration process before you move
+H6ywImPkSwY-00340-00109603-00109851 over to the next part of the agenda
+H6ywImPkSwY-00341-00109852-00110520 number four okay well let me go ahead I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00342-00110521-00110793 want to start um I'll start number four
+H6ywImPkSwY-00343-00110794-00111005 off my destani a little bit about our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00344-00111006-00111297 experience of a few years ago we took a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00345-00111298-00111474 look at the lesson the tool when it was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00346-00111475-00111774 still called lesson builder and you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00347-00111775-00112053 we took to the look at the muleta
+H6ywImPkSwY-00348-00112054-00112521 exporter and the then-current lessons in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00349-00112522-00112760 port and we found that they you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00350-00112761-00112974 they were very incompatible like Louisa
+H6ywImPkSwY-00351-00112975-00113423 was saying in terms of the ims spec and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00352-00113424-00113808 so you know we actually approached
+H6ywImPkSwY-00353-00113808-00114021 longsight back in I want to say this was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00354-00114022-00114432 in 2013 and actually getting once like I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00355-00114433-00114570 have to meet somebody here somebody's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00356-00114571-00115419 typing in there we go sorry and we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00357-00115420-00115610 engage long site and actually had them
+H6ywImPkSwY-00358-00115611-00116145 spec out the the draft of an import tool
+H6ywImPkSwY-00359-00116146-00116336 for lessons that would be slightly more
+H6ywImPkSwY-00360-00116338-00116700 sophisticated and able to handle the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00361-00116701-00116836 muleta
+H6ywImPkSwY-00362-00116838-00117206 IMS export file which was in common
+H6ywImPkSwY-00363-00117207-00117460 cartridge format I believed alongside
+H6ywImPkSwY-00364-00117461-00117680 the time was calling it CP format which
+H6ywImPkSwY-00365-00117681-00117857 is slightly different than the CC format
+H6ywImPkSwY-00366-00117858-00118007 i guess the way that the manifest is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00367-00118008-00118283 written I'm not all that much into the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00368-00118283-00118454 technical specs of it either way we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00369-00118455-00118609 engage them and we spent a little bit of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00370-00118610-00118790 money and they kicked the ball a little
+H6ywImPkSwY-00371-00118791-00119000 bit down the road they definitely
+H6ywImPkSwY-00372-00119001-00119144 thought it was feasible to be able to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00373-00119145-00119461 get more of the content the way miletti
+H6ywImPkSwY-00374-00119463-00119705 handles it you know get it exported it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00375-00119706-00120094 in a way that lessons could accept it so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00376-00120095-00120460 there we go match ages building here CP
+H6ywImPkSwY-00377-00120461-00120647 is an earlier ims format content
+H6ywImPkSwY-00378-00120648-00120827 packaging right and so that was actually
+H6ywImPkSwY-00379-00120828-00121111 they that was aspect that they were they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00380-00121113-00121427 were considering using because it seemed
+H6ywImPkSwY-00381-00121428-00121702 like it may work with the then-current
+H6ywImPkSwY-00382-00121703-00122264 lessons import process so at the time
+H6ywImPkSwY-00383-00122265-00122458 with its timing currently is because a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00384-00122458-00122785 lil ain't a only can export CP because
+H6ywImPkSwY-00385-00122786-00122975 it's they never implemented a common
+H6ywImPkSwY-00386-00122976-00123146 cartridge kind of cards like newer
+H6ywImPkSwY-00387-00123147-00123527 version of content packaging so that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00388-00123528-00123689 that's that was the issue it was either
+H6ywImPkSwY-00389-00123690-00123905 implement content common cartridge
+H6ywImPkSwY-00390-00123906-00124115 formulate a horrible meant content
+H6ywImPkSwY-00391-00124116-00124331 packaging and lessons that's right this
+H6ywImPkSwY-00392-00124332-00124598 is my job right that's Jay okay there's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00393-00124599-00124775 Matt the guy who was doing it for so so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00394-00124776-00124913 we got the ball a little bit down the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00395-00124914-00125311 road we knew that we could develop
+H6ywImPkSwY-00396-00125313-00125597 something and then basically we had a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00397-00125598-00125758 shift focus we weren't ready for lessons
+H6ywImPkSwY-00398-00125759-00126101 at the time we ran out of money a lot of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00399-00126102-00126266 things happen and so anyways we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00400-00126267-00126497 basically stole that project and now
+H6ywImPkSwY-00401-00126498-00126866 here we are fast forward to 2015 and we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00402-00126867-00127214 are now taking a much more serious look
+H6ywImPkSwY-00403-00127215-00127427 at lessons we know we want to move to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00404-00127428-00127601 those you know the tool that's supported
+H6ywImPkSwY-00405-00127602-00127820 by the Sakai community I'm sure that's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00406-00127821-00128102 where most the other people on this call
+H6ywImPkSwY-00407-00128103-00128279 who have not yet migrated there they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00408-00128280-00128434 find themselves in the same position of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00409-00128435-00128741 you know do we continue to use now
+H6ywImPkSwY-00410-00128742-00129143 unsupported let a you know how long can
+H6ywImPkSwY-00411-00129144-00129323 we continue to use it how long would
+H6ywImPkSwY-00412-00129324-00129685 still work and then you know the flip
+H6ywImPkSwY-00413-00129686-00129890 side of that you know seems like there's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00414-00129891-00130009 a lot of support in the community for
+H6ywImPkSwY-00415-00130010-00130145 lessons there's a lot of active
+H6ywImPkSwY-00416-00130146-00130218 conversation
+H6ywImPkSwY-00417-00130219-00130431 going on uh you know and we want to be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00418-00130432-00130724 part of those so at this point I want to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00419-00130725-00130988 I guess open up the floor and I guess
+H6ywImPkSwY-00420-00130989-00131174 does anyone who want to start this off
+H6ywImPkSwY-00421-00131175-00131397 by talking about any experience you had
+H6ywImPkSwY-00422-00131398-00131651 with the export and import process and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00423-00131652-00131931 am fiddling you may have done any ideas
+H6ywImPkSwY-00424-00131932-00132641 you have this is luisa again from Mars
+H6ywImPkSwY-00425-00132642-00132906 college I could only speak from our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00426-00132907-00133296 testing experience how I decided not to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00427-00133297-00133722 recommend it so when you click the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00428-00133723-00134019 import sorry first you click the export
+H6ywImPkSwY-00429-00134020-00134436 in miletti and what you get is a zip the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00430-00134437-00134765 file that's a package now you go to the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00431-00134766-00135246 lessons and click import and upload that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00432-00135247-00135620 zip the package so what you get is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00433-00135621-00135986 multiple pages if you have multiple
+H6ywImPkSwY-00434-00135987-00136304 modules in the miletti and then each of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00435-00136305-00136560 these modules will create separate
+H6ywImPkSwY-00436-00136561-00136874 folders in the resources and they are
+H6ywImPkSwY-00437-00136875-00137208 named the different things so if you are
+H6ywImPkSwY-00438-00137209-00137421 not comfortable with the title you can
+H6ywImPkSwY-00439-00137422-00137663 go there and change it so interestingly
+H6ywImPkSwY-00440-00137664-00137970 that doesn't break the link pretty
+H6ywImPkSwY-00441-00137971-00138321 interesting I don't know what the theory
+H6ywImPkSwY-00442-00138322-00138491 behind that but it doesn't break the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00443-00138492-00138824 link then when you look at the content
+H6ywImPkSwY-00444-00138825-00139224 in lessons it's if it's originally text
+H6ywImPkSwY-00445-00139225-00139746 information it's converted into a HTML
+H6ywImPkSwY-00446-00139747-00139995 object so it's a link it click the link
+H6ywImPkSwY-00447-00139996-00140211 go there and you see all the text in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00448-00140212-00140508 there it is a plain HTML page it doesn't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00449-00140509-00140876 have formatting and then if you have a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00450-00140877-00141164 link to document in the resources the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00451-00141165-00141624 links to their so these are the two
+H6ywImPkSwY-00452-00141625-00142025 major objects that the people usually
+H6ywImPkSwY-00453-00142026-00142265 have in the miletti so that's the two
+H6ywImPkSwY-00454-00142266-00142616 major things we tested so if you have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00455-00142617-00142785 other things for example you have the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00456-00142786-00143010 images it will look will be awkward and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00457-00143011-00143371 you have to relinquish
+H6ywImPkSwY-00458-00143372-00143911 so pretty interesting so from the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00459-00143912-00144184 student perspective it's difficult to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00460-00144185-00144415 look at because if it's a text
+H6ywImPkSwY-00461-00144416-00144592 information you have to click on the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00462-00144593-00145030 HTML and go there and look so we decide
+H6ywImPkSwY-00463-00145031-00145378 that if this if there are a lot of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00464-00145379-00145600 things that the faculty need to convert
+H6ywImPkSwY-00465-00145601-00146041 from a lety to lessons this is this
+H6ywImPkSwY-00466-00146042-00146281 would be the last resort we give them so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00467-00146282-00146709 for example you know very late next year
+H6ywImPkSwY-00468-00146710-00147045 in April or May they need to save their
+H6ywImPkSwY-00469-00147046-00147376 they need to save their the content from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00470-00147377-00147705 disappear in the system so we give them
+H6ywImPkSwY-00471-00147706-00148021 this method so you can import and export
+H6ywImPkSwY-00472-00148022-00148510 to save your content but to reorganize
+H6ywImPkSwY-00473-00148511-00148993 them you need to work out by yourself at
+H6ywImPkSwY-00474-00148994-00149281 all because this importing message it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00475-00149282-00149560 also created another problem so if you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00476-00149561-00149875 want to use the lessons tool in the same
+H6ywImPkSwY-00477-00149876-00150208 site in the old side you cannot because
+H6ywImPkSwY-00478-00150209-00150553 when you import that package into
+H6ywImPkSwY-00479-00150554-00150946 lessons who creates the another set of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00480-00150947-00151162 photos in the resources it totally mess
+H6ywImPkSwY-00481-00151163-00151369 up the resources so you need to create a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00482-00151370-00151897 new site and import the package so we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00483-00151898-00152437 didn't think that was very doable
+H6ywImPkSwY-00484-00152438-00152749 because there will be tungsten thousands
+H6ywImPkSwY-00485-00152750-00153094 of if not thousands hundreds of sites to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00486-00153095-00153379 be created Master sites to save those
+H6ywImPkSwY-00487-00153380-00154155 files so we just use it as a last resort
+H6ywImPkSwY-00488-00154156-00154315 okay I'm just going to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00489-00154316-00154461 up in here we've actually had a lot of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00490-00154462-00154687 of chatting going on here on the side
+H6ywImPkSwY-00491-00154688-00154951 and I've been told that I need to read
+H6ywImPkSwY-00492-00154952-00155110 that so it gets captured in the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00493-00155111-00155398 recording I want to start jumping in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00494-00155399-00155692 with sawa had a question about maleta
+H6ywImPkSwY-00495-00155693-00155905 developers are the original want a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00496-00155906-00156082 developer supporting the tool outside
+H6ywImPkSwY-00497-00156083-00156367 the sekonic community I'll go ahead and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00498-00156368-00156553 take a stab at that my understanding is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00499-00156554-00156913 from from long sides told me is no they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00500-00156914-00157258 actually haven't actively updated the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00501-00157259-00157702 code in quite some time and I believe
+H6ywImPkSwY-00502-00157703-00157951 even the last release when we were were
+H6ywImPkSwY-00503-00157952-00158254 on Sakai 293 right now and i believe
+H6ywImPkSwY-00504-00158255-00158533 that long site may have had to do
+H6ywImPkSwY-00505-00158534-00158764 something in order to just you know port
+H6ywImPkSwY-00506-00158765-00158928 it to make make it work in that version
+H6ywImPkSwY-00507-00158929-00159303 i don't think that i don't think that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00508-00159304-00159511 what they developers i cant rember the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00509-00159512-00159712 name of the company a tunes i believe i
+H6ywImPkSwY-00510-00159713-00159826 don't think that they're actively
+H6ywImPkSwY-00511-00159827-00160084 supporting it a comment into that point
+H6ywImPkSwY-00512-00160085-00160231 there hasn't been any commits a nearly a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00513-00160232-00160564 year and their bug trackers private and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00514-00160565-00160786 know their agenda and what they plan on
+H6ywImPkSwY-00515-00160787-00160978 doing is unknown to anybody they don't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00516-00160979-00161230 like attending conferences or anything
+H6ywImPkSwY-00517-00161231-00161557 so nobody knows what with their plan for
+H6ywImPkSwY-00518-00161558-00162220 anything else except them it's that's a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00519-00162221-00162340 little bit scary i think one of the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00520-00162341-00162682 questions in our own internal meeting
+H6ywImPkSwY-00521-00162683-00162913 here at UB was over you know the new
+H6ywImPkSwY-00522-00162914-00163192 skinning with morpheus and I guess who's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00523-00163193-00163348 going to pick up you know if we would
+H6ywImPkSwY-00524-00163349-00163597 even attempt to you know continue using
+H6ywImPkSwY-00525-00163598-00164074 let a in Sakai 11 how you know who'd be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00526-00164075-00164260 responsible for picking up the work of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00527-00164261-00164553 making sure that that worked inside the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00528-00164554-00164971 you know the inside the new UI yeah it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00529-00164972-00165217 would work and all that Morpheus allows
+H6ywImPkSwY-00530-00165218-00165511 you to still keep certain tools in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00531-00165512-00165697 iframe so they work like they used to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00532-00165698-00165793 but they're not going to look good
+H6ywImPkSwY-00533-00165794-00165895 they're just going to look like they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00534-00165896-00166132 used to so they'll be like me all the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00535-00166133-00166303 tools that got updated they're supported
+H6ywImPkSwY-00536-00166304-00166480 are now like look and feel better
+H6ywImPkSwY-00537-00166481-00166699 they're gonna have a better you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00538-00166700-00166921 flow with all do everything else but you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00539-00166922-00167074 drop something like lazy in there it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00540-00167075-00167365 look like you soon so that's how I think
+H6ywImPkSwY-00541-00167366-00167682 a valuation I think might also work
+H6ywImPkSwY-00542-00167683-00167832 attitude since evaluations that get very
+H6ywImPkSwY-00543-00167833-00168009 much support so there'll be a couple
+H6ywImPkSwY-00544-00168010-00168273 tools that will work but just won't look
+H6ywImPkSwY-00545-00168274-00168909 good so I mean that's how i see that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00546-00168910-00169086 doesn't sound very appealing i think any
+H6ywImPkSwY-00547-00169087-00169577 of us the like I guess the unknown you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00548-00169578-00169814 know the unknown support unknown what
+H6ywImPkSwY-00549-00169815-00169938 it's going to look like I mean there's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00550-00169939-00170315 there's a few good reasons to at least
+H6ywImPkSwY-00551-00170316-00170712 have a plan to move away from let a I'm
+H6ywImPkSwY-00552-00170713-00171225 going back through the chat here I want
+H6ywImPkSwY-00553-00171226-00171491 to read Beth's remark she said that she
+H6ywImPkSwY-00554-00171492-00171636 agreed we see that one of the downsides
+H6ywImPkSwY-00555-00171637-00171921 of lessons he said the faculty upload
+H6ywImPkSwY-00556-00171922-00172139 files directly int'l essence it kind of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00557-00172140-00172332 creates a folder with the name of a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00558-00172333-00172509 lesson in the resource in the resources
+H6ywImPkSwY-00559-00172510-00172722 area to house those files and a list of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00560-00172723-00172995 folders creating resources can be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00561-00172996-00173291 unwieldy and we've had that similar
+H6ywImPkSwY-00562-00173292-00173512 experience here and some of our testing
+H6ywImPkSwY-00563-00173513-00173799 and I don't know if any of you want to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00564-00173800-00173970 speak to that but I think that's also
+H6ywImPkSwY-00565-00173971-00174128 one of the challenges in my grading is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00566-00174129-00174456 how to organize lessons the lesson
+H6ywImPkSwY-00567-00174457-00174624 structure or the resources area I've
+H6ywImPkSwY-00568-00174625-00174843 been even I guess there's you know the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00569-00174844-00175202 economy and how you want to lessons
+H6ywImPkSwY-00570-00175203-00175610 whether as a single tool with multiple
+H6ywImPkSwY-00571-00175611-00175944 sub pages or is just multiple instances
+H6ywImPkSwY-00572-00175945-00176259 of the lesson tool for each module does
+H6ywImPkSwY-00573-00176260-00176970 anyone want to speak to that I think
+H6ywImPkSwY-00574-00176971-00177176 working with lessons for a while now i
+H6ywImPkSwY-00575-00177177-00177645 still cannot really tell one of the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00576-00177646-00178023 resources created in the lesson the one
+H6ywImPkSwY-00577-00178024-00178340 the folder of the lessons page is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00578-00178341-00178557 created in the resources when it's not
+H6ywImPkSwY-00579-00178558-00179027 so one the page titles change is the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00580-00179028-00179271 title of the folder changes in the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00581-00179272-00179646 resources is getting to the point that i
+H6ywImPkSwY-00582-00179647-00180062 lost count I just cannot follow that so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00583-00180063-00180273 if you make a page and copied it to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00584-00180274-00180570 somewhere else that's the link changes
+H6ywImPkSwY-00585-00180571-00180752 in the resources i haven't done research
+H6ywImPkSwY-00586-00180753-00181064 but it seems like it's very clear
+H6ywImPkSwY-00587-00181065-00181409 they're so what I usually recommend is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00588-00181410-00181853 that you create a sorry you upload all
+H6ywImPkSwY-00589-00181854-00182312 your resources to the resources tool
+H6ywImPkSwY-00590-00182313-00182741 before you do any linking and then you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00591-00182742-00182996 go to lessons and the link directly to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00592-00182997-00183260 the resources folder do not upload
+H6ywImPkSwY-00593-00183261-00183557 directly in the lessons so that make the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00594-00183558-00183983 organization little bit better that's my
+H6ywImPkSwY-00595-00183984-00184361 recommendation we actually do things the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00596-00184362-00184538 absolutely most of our instructors will
+H6ywImPkSwY-00597-00184539-00184871 upload directly from lessons but since
+H6ywImPkSwY-00598-00184872-00185039 we normally have everything organized
+H6ywImPkSwY-00599-00185040-00185363 just in sub pages for each week the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00600-00185364-00185582 normally ends up being just 16 folders
+H6ywImPkSwY-00601-00185583-00185876 created and normally items don't change
+H6ywImPkSwY-00602-00185877-00186179 whether they're part of week one when
+H6ywImPkSwY-00603-00186180-00186445 things get changed so we have not had
+H6ywImPkSwY-00604-00186446-00186761 too much problems with the resources
+H6ywImPkSwY-00605-00186762-00187280 getting out of control crazy but I think
+H6ywImPkSwY-00606-00187281-00187475 it just might be you know how the course
+H6ywImPkSwY-00607-00187476-00187637 is organized and how many files you have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00608-00187638-00188069 going on and I think that's one of the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00609-00188070-00188306 strengths of malate it is the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00610-00188307-00188504 organizational structure I mean I know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00611-00188505-00188702 that that you know speaking for our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00612-00188703-00188894 faculty and probably the e-learning step
+H6ywImPkSwY-00613-00188895-00189209 that are on the call it you know the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00614-00189210-00189425 organization and structure of it is very
+H6ywImPkSwY-00615-00189426-00189764 sound in the way you step through you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00616-00189765-00190253 know a module in maleta is is very
+H6ywImPkSwY-00617-00190254-00190508 strong organizationally and so what
+H6ywImPkSwY-00618-00190509-00190819 we're trying to come to terms with is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00619-00190820-00191138 how we able to do what we did intellect
+H6ywImPkSwY-00620-00191139-00191435 and Lotte similarly in lessons in terms
+H6ywImPkSwY-00621-00191436-00191627 of the structure in the layout about in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00622-00191628-00192596 terms of course design us so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00623-00192597-00192809 you said you tried this approach I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00624-00192810-00193025 recommended and it's hard to be super
+H6ywImPkSwY-00625-00193026-00193304 organizing events and also moving
+H6ywImPkSwY-00626-00193305-00193535 resources into new folders break links
+H6ywImPkSwY-00627-00193536-00193985 yes I totally agree with you I think
+H6ywImPkSwY-00628-00193986-00194288 that's the same when we use a mallet eat
+H6ywImPkSwY-00629-00194289-00194672 and then linking the documents from the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00630-00194673-00195026 resources to the miletti tool so faculty
+H6ywImPkSwY-00631-00195027-00195239 are used to it so if I keep saying that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00632-00195240-00195422 it will be just like when you use
+H6ywImPkSwY-00633-00195423-00195689 miletti you know you have to upload
+H6ywImPkSwY-00634-00195690-00196091 everything to the resources and do not
+H6ywImPkSwY-00635-00196092-00196385 move them too often or not at all and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00636-00196386-00196799 the links will remain intact so I have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00637-00196800-00197150 yet to see how the response to that when
+H6ywImPkSwY-00638-00197151-00197668 they use lessons so I hope they know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00639-00197669-00198068 better organization by now they've been
+H6ywImPkSwY-00640-00198069-00198851 using melody for several years I'm just
+H6ywImPkSwY-00641-00198852-00199070 reading there's a lot of chatting going
+H6ywImPkSwY-00642-00199071-00199445 on here Cory said that the links she's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00643-00199446-00199586 asserting as well with the lakes break
+H6ywImPkSwY-00644-00199587-00199844 when you move items and that if you have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00645-00199845-00199997 a folder created prior to building a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00646-00199998-00200168 lesson if you upload it into the lesson
+H6ywImPkSwY-00647-00200169-00200348 that creates another new folder with the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00648-00200349-00201074 name of that page so that mean you could
+H6ywImPkSwY-00649-00201075-00201257 end up with I guess then that's how you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00650-00201258-00201491 end up with that said that unwieldy
+H6ywImPkSwY-00651-00201492-00201665 structure where just keeps creating new
+H6ywImPkSwY-00652-00201666-00202301 folders yes we didn't continue testing
+H6ywImPkSwY-00653-00202302-00202481 today when working with a faculty member
+H6ywImPkSwY-00654-00202482-00202862 but in creating you know I was trying to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00655-00202863-00203018 show her both ways because she you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00656-00203019-00203171 of course had concern well what if I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00657-00203172-00203297 want to add something in the middle do I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00658-00203298-00203444 now have to take all these extra steps
+H6ywImPkSwY-00659-00203445-00203627 to have to front-load to resources first
+H6ywImPkSwY-00660-00203628-00203972 which I did recommend however she tried
+H6ywImPkSwY-00661-00203973-00204143 uploading directly into the lessons tool
+H6ywImPkSwY-00662-00204144-00204422 and that did create another folder so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00663-00204423-00204572 she ended up with two folders with the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00664-00204573-00204803 same name one that she had created prior
+H6ywImPkSwY-00665-00204804-00205048 and one that was created automatically
+H6ywImPkSwY-00666-00205050-00205525 by lessons so it seems
+H6ywImPkSwY-00667-00205526-00205689 the best practice here is you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00668-00205690-00205848 regardless of which approach you take
+H6ywImPkSwY-00669-00205850-00206067 whether importing into lessons or
+H6ywImPkSwY-00670-00206069-00206287 creating the structure in advance and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00671-00206288-00206560 resources you need to pick one and stick
+H6ywImPkSwY-00672-00206561-00206688 with it otherwise you're gonna end up
+H6ywImPkSwY-00673-00206689-00206955 with a really confusing folder structure
+H6ywImPkSwY-00674-00206956-00207256 one of the other yes we then moved
+H6ywImPkSwY-00675-00207257-00207412 something between folders and the good
+H6ywImPkSwY-00676-00207413-00207540 news is i know someone mentioned about
+H6ywImPkSwY-00677-00207541-00207796 links breaking it did say next to that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00678-00207796-00207961 link although it maintained it in her
+H6ywImPkSwY-00679-00207962-00208159 lesson so she could swap out the file it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00680-00208160-00208423 did say after it i think it was in an
+H6ywImPkSwY-00681-00208423-00208614 almost reddish orange font with little
+H6ywImPkSwY-00682-00208615-00208894 asterisks next to it said deleted even
+H6ywImPkSwY-00683-00208894-00209026 though it wasn't deleted it was just no
+H6ywImPkSwY-00684-00209027-00209209 longer in that folder so the link was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00685-00209210-00209827 broken yeah another issue is that even
+H6ywImPkSwY-00686-00209828-00210091 though it's a it's a file if it's not a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00687-00210092-00210492 file in the resources you link to our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00688-00210494-00210733 external resources that's what are we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00689-00210734-00210964 going to do for example phone article
+H6ywImPkSwY-00690-00210965-00211156 New York Times you want to link on the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00691-00211157-00211408 page so that student can do it so it's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00692-00211409-00211767 external URL or it's a YouTube video you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00693-00211769-00212121 embed on a page it will create actual
+H6ywImPkSwY-00694-00212123-00212367 set of folders in the resources with the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00695-00212369-00212821 same page title so what do you have to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00696-00212821-00213282 do you have to set the links in the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00697-00213283-00213619 resources folder prior it's just getting
+H6ywImPkSwY-00698-00213619-00214258 very confusing I'm just reading over on
+H6ywImPkSwY-00699-00214259-00214486 the side looks like there is an interest
+H6ywImPkSwY-00700-00214487-00214821 in figuring out on which of these are
+H6ywImPkSwY-00701-00214823-00215065 links in the resources area are not
+H6ywImPkSwY-00702-00215066-00215367 referenced in or broken I guess you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00703-00215369-00215544 maybe this is since matt is on the call
+H6ywImPkSwY-00704-00215546-00215662 that I could ask you this I know that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00705-00215663-00215764 there's tools out in the marketplace
+H6ywImPkSwY-00706-00215765-00215989 that allow you to check or scroll
+H6ywImPkSwY-00707-00215990-00216214 through for dead links you know if
+H6ywImPkSwY-00708-00216215-00216417 anyone's ever tried using one of those
+H6ywImPkSwY-00709-00216419-00216664 tools inside Sakai to check for dead or
+H6ywImPkSwY-00710-00216665-00216904 broken links I don't think any of those
+H6ywImPkSwY-00711-00216905-00217044 public tools at work because you'd have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00712-00217046-00217309 to have be authenticated in those are
+H6ywImPkSwY-00713-00217310-00217414 usually just for checking like
+H6ywImPkSwY-00714-00217415-00217564 public-facing web sites that it could
+H6ywImPkSwY-00715-00217565-00217885 crawl through yeah so I think people on
+H6ywImPkSwY-00716-00217886-00218035 the list have asked about it and there
+H6ywImPkSwY-00717-00218036-00218275 are like there's libraries they can be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00718-00218276-00218473 used to do that so you could like write
+H6ywImPkSwY-00719-00218473-00218828 a Sakai tool to be you know to check it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00720-00218829-00219185 that's a really big project okay thank
+H6ywImPkSwY-00721-00219186-00219410 you all these all these are ideas like
+H6ywImPkSwY-00722-00219411-00219686 you could have every time you do remove
+H6ywImPkSwY-00723-00219687-00220013 a resource it sakai has an event
+H6ywImPkSwY-00724-00220014-00220226 internally and you know lessons could
+H6ywImPkSwY-00725-00220227-00220400 listen for those events and you know and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00726-00220401-00220763 fix up the links in HTM its content but
+H6ywImPkSwY-00727-00220764-00220873 you know someone would have to write you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00728-00220875-00221111 know the functionality to do that so so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00729-00221112-00221414 I'll just it's a all that's a couple
+H6ywImPkSwY-00730-00221415-00221654 days of work on every every idea like
+H6ywImPkSwY-00731-00221655-00222109 that yeah so they're moderate estimates
+H6ywImPkSwY-00732-00222110-00222428 so yeah it doesn't do that stuff but it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00733-00222429-00222752 you know it's all it's all possible just
+H6ywImPkSwY-00734-00222753-00223013 I don't I don't know any easy way to do
+H6ywImPkSwY-00735-00223014-00224069 it okay I'm just looking through these
+H6ywImPkSwY-00736-00224069-00224267 other comments here to see if there's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00737-00224267-00224555 anything else worth mentioning to the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00738-00224556-00225276 group
+H6ywImPkSwY-00739-00225277-00225767 I'll here's one um where is it not
+H6ywImPkSwY-00740-00225769-00226014 freezing the new development where is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00741-00226015-00226452 that yeah so I guess one of the risks
+H6ywImPkSwY-00742-00226453-00226683 let's talk about from that I guess the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00743-00226684-00226919 risks associated with continuing to use
+H6ywImPkSwY-00744-00226919-00227238 malate i mean i think that actually came
+H6ywImPkSwY-00745-00227239-00227494 up in some of the feedback I received
+H6ywImPkSwY-00746-00227496-00227712 through the google form was that some
+H6ywImPkSwY-00747-00227713-00227853 people were interested in discussing
+H6ywImPkSwY-00748-00227854-00228098 that you know and continuing to use
+H6ywImPkSwY-00749-00228100-00228294 maleta one of the risks other than the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00750-00228294-00228453 obvious one the obvious ones we already
+H6ywImPkSwY-00751-00228454-00228753 pointed out with a tunes not supporting
+H6ywImPkSwY-00752-00228754-00229146 it you know other any other things that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00753-00229146-00229346 we have not mentioned any reasons that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00754-00229348-00229655 we would need to move from Mallette a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00755-00229656-00229977 any other good reasons not to move from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00756-00229978-00231176 a latte
+H6ywImPkSwY-00757-00231177-00231501 we have to face our melody because
+H6ywImPkSwY-00758-00231502-00231780 simply because melody is not going to be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00759-00231781-00232101 in a community release instance of the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00760-00232102-00232434 Sakai we just don't have the technical
+H6ywImPkSwY-00761-00232435-00232812 abilities to put it in there so that the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00762-00232813-00233100 faculty can still have access to it so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00763-00233101-00233396 we have to face it out and that's long
+H6ywImPkSwY-00764-00233398-00233616 side I have any solutions does everybody
+H6ywImPkSwY-00765-00233617-00234735 know about that I spoke to I mean Matt
+H6ywImPkSwY-00766-00234736-00234867 you can now correct me if I'm wrong
+H6ywImPkSwY-00767-00234867-00235121 about I spoke to sam on off about this
+H6ywImPkSwY-00768-00235123-00235467 at the Sakai conference in June and you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00769-00235467-00235617 know I mean he was urging us you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00770-00235617-00235896 prudently to to consider our migration
+H6ywImPkSwY-00771-00235896-00236202 plans to lessons yeah I guess there's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00772-00236203-00236421 with it be unsupported you know there's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00773-00236421-00236619 I guess the future of some type of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00774-00236619-00236907 inherent security risk I hope distant
+H6ywImPkSwY-00775-00236908-00237126 risk would it not be supported by the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00776-00237127-00237339 community the risk of it not looking
+H6ywImPkSwY-00777-00237340-00237582 good and more in more theists and future
+H6ywImPkSwY-00778-00237583-00237879 releases of Sakai you know those are a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00779-00237880-00238073 couple things he pointed out now I mean
+H6ywImPkSwY-00780-00238075-00238254 once I did indicate they would you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00781-00238255-00238446 try to work with us if me if we needed
+H6ywImPkSwY-00782-00238446-00238677 to continue to use it for some reason
+H6ywImPkSwY-00783-00238678-00238902 you know but the strong preference was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00784-00238903-00239094 us to and I guess all their customers
+H6ywImPkSwY-00785-00239094-00239679 some point to team to migrate yeah we do
+H6ywImPkSwY-00786-00239680-00239907 you know we'll try to do minor work and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00787-00239908-00240092 people need to keep using it but you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00788-00240094-00240375 know sometimes it that may mean that you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00789-00240376-00240600 know you can't upgrade it you know if
+H6ywImPkSwY-00790-00240601-00240879 you wonder what 11 comes out if stuff
+H6ywImPkSwY-00791-00240880-00241019 just if we get to the point where it's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00792-00241021-00241230 going to take you know 50 hours or a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00793-00241231-00241410 hundred hours or a large amount of time
+H6ywImPkSwY-00794-00241411-00241656 to fix this stuff and we'll just be you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00795-00241657-00241908 know we can't we can't support it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00796-00241909-00242073 because it isn't in the community and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00797-00242073-00242202 there aren't that many people using it
+H6ywImPkSwY-00798-00242203-00242430 we really don't have access to all the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00799-00242431-00242601 code and everything for this stuff so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00800-00242602-00242880 it's it becomes difficult unless you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00801-00242881-00243048 know someone steps up and like Oh will
+H6ywImPkSwY-00802-00243048-00243285 give you will pay you to fix everything
+H6ywImPkSwY-00803-00243286-00243510 possible and Lady then you know that's a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00804-00243511-00243944 different story but you know as far as
+H6ywImPkSwY-00805-00243944-00244365 as it is that's a kind of really
+H6ywImPkSwY-00806-00244366-00244569 it gets to ever make it's a community
+H6ywImPkSwY-00807-00244569-00245135 that supports it thank you so looks like
+H6ywImPkSwY-00808-00245136-00245507 there's a dialogue going on the chat
+H6ywImPkSwY-00809-00245508-00245753 where people agreeing that lessons is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00810-00245754-00245978 the much better tool we stir so few
+H6ywImPkSwY-00811-00245979-00246501 people here that are you lessons is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00812-00246502-00246782 getting active new constant development
+H6ywImPkSwY-00813-00246783-00247071 from from Rutgers and from you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00814-00247071-00247331 other various people in communities so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00815-00247332-00247684 that that's where the future is so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00816-00247685-00247914 there's there's really is no future in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00817-00247915-00248033 relating that's why I really don't want
+H6ywImPkSwY-00818-00248034-00248250 to put too much time into it either even
+H6ywImPkSwY-00819-00248251-00248381 if someone says you know we want you to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00820-00248382-00248523 follow time you can into it it's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00821-00248523-00248751 something that we may want to decline
+H6ywImPkSwY-00822-00248752-00249032 working out just because it's a waste of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00823-00249033-00250323 time okay so read through these here but
+H6ywImPkSwY-00824-00250323-00250598 it should still keep working for a while
+H6ywImPkSwY-00825-00250600-00250748 but yeah you never know what there's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00826-00250750-00250994 going to be a major security thing that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00827-00250996-00252046 pops up or um I don't know why I can't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00828-00252048-00252375 conference a little bit refresh because
+H6ywImPkSwY-00829-00252376-00252501 I saw that there was a lot of open
+H6ywImPkSwY-00830-00252502-00252731 dialogue you know from the lessons
+H6ywImPkSwY-00831-00252732-00253037 enhancement project to even listening to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00832-00253038-00253296 through the faculty and instructional
+H6ywImPkSwY-00833-00253296-00253446 designers that were there talking about
+H6ywImPkSwY-00834-00253446-00253665 different strategies strategies they
+H6ywImPkSwY-00835-00253666-00254054 employed when using lessons and then
+H6ywImPkSwY-00836-00254055-00254255 there's been a lot and the the users
+H6ywImPkSwY-00837-00254256-00254417 listserv going back and forth about
+H6ywImPkSwY-00838-00254419-00254619 another's the column structure people
+H6ywImPkSwY-00839-00254619-00254735 been talking about recently and some
+H6ywImPkSwY-00840-00254736-00255015 other things so I think that gets us
+H6ywImPkSwY-00841-00255016-00255189 here you be a little bit excited to see
+H6ywImPkSwY-00842-00255190-00255401 that people are actively talking about
+H6ywImPkSwY-00843-00255402-00255666 you know continue to improve the lessons
+H6ywImPkSwY-00844-00255667-00255792 to and build on what it's already a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00845-00255792-00256773 pretty strong core
+H6ywImPkSwY-00846-00256775-00257044 no I saw what is a very good question
+H6ywImPkSwY-00847-00257046-00257339 i'm going to read this aloud I hope few
+H6ywImPkSwY-00848-00257340-00257548 people can chime in on this how are your
+H6ywImPkSwY-00849-00257550-00257711 support teams handling the move from
+H6ywImPkSwY-00850-00257712-00257869 Allah table essence and how our users
+H6ywImPkSwY-00851-00257871-00259336 responding
+H6ywImPkSwY-00852-00259337-00259765 at once um hi this Marisa can we just
+H6ywImPkSwY-00853-00259766-00259998 started we don't know how the users are
+H6ywImPkSwY-00854-00260000-00260209 going to respond but anyway this is what
+H6ywImPkSwY-00855-00260210-00260646 we plan to do so first of all we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00856-00260646-00260989 modified the star page of the lessons
+H6ywImPkSwY-00857-00260990-00261277 you know when you first go to the lesson
+H6ywImPkSwY-00858-00261278-00261594 you can see all the tutorials right so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00859-00261596-00261925 we modify it we put our migration and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00860-00261926-00262216 timeline there we had created several
+H6ywImPkSwY-00861-00262217-00262435 videos who put their we also have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00862-00262436-00262719 screenshots of the sample lessons page
+H6ywImPkSwY-00863-00262720-00262954 so this is the first thing they see and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00864-00262955-00263311 then if they try to use miletti and we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00865-00263312-00263637 put announce them in their black
+H6ywImPkSwY-00866-00263638-00263899 background red letter so it's warning
+H6ywImPkSwY-00867-00263900-00264130 the melody is facing out please use
+H6ywImPkSwY-00868-00264131-00264577 lessons and then we have workshops and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00869-00264578-00264916 we have open labs and also can set up
+H6ywImPkSwY-00870-00264917-00265360 one-on-one one-on-one session to discuss
+H6ywImPkSwY-00871-00265361-00265642 how they want to change it so I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00872-00265643-00265831 personally have talked to a couple of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00873-00265832-00266185 faculties they've been responding well
+H6ywImPkSwY-00874-00266186-00266586 and I show them how to put the text and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00875-00266587-00266989 links to documents in lessons and embed
+H6ywImPkSwY-00876-00266990-00267325 videos so they've been responding well I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00877-00267326-00267535 don't know if there are any other
+H6ywImPkSwY-00878-00267536-00267907 difficult cases coming up but this is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00879-00267908-00268642 what we've been doing this is corey also
+H6ywImPkSwY-00880-00268643-00268881 from marist if i do if i might add on um
+H6ywImPkSwY-00881-00268882-00269149 in my experience the buy-in has been
+H6ywImPkSwY-00882-00269150-00269365 fantastic with those that I've worked
+H6ywImPkSwY-00883-00269366-00269515 with directly you know obviously Louisa
+H6ywImPkSwY-00884-00269516-00269689 and I bump heads with different faculty
+H6ywImPkSwY-00885-00269690-00269989 every now and then so you know as i
+H6ywImPkSwY-00886-00269990-00270100 mentioned i did work with someone today
+H6ywImPkSwY-00887-00270101-00270331 in just the design principle behind the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00888-00270332-00270556 lessons alone you know raised eyebrows
+H6ywImPkSwY-00889-00270557-00270793 and she thought it was fantastic i think
+H6ywImPkSwY-00890-00270794-00270991 the biggest complaint i personally have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00891-00270992-00271254 heard was the work between the two as
+H6ywImPkSwY-00892-00271255-00271561 the other other than copy and paste it's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00893-00271562-00271801 it's really just pulling teeth it's a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00894-00271802-00272113 little it's rough so some are hesitant
+H6ywImPkSwY-00895-00272114-00272287 with the work involved but i found that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00896-00272288-00272497 i've really been able to sell it almost
+H6ywImPkSwY-00897-00272498-00272698 as yeah but look what look at what
+H6ywImPkSwY-00898-00272699-00273016 look like after and that's really you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00899-00273017-00273229 know I've kind of cheerlead about I'm a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00900-00273230-00273367 little cheerleader about what it looks
+H6ywImPkSwY-00901-00273368-00274009 like in the end product now for those um
+H6ywImPkSwY-00902-00274010-00274366 for Louisa those instructions and all
+H6ywImPkSwY-00903-00274367-00274549 the video tutorials stuff that you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00904-00274550-00274777 provide did you just put that in the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00905-00274778-00275010 master template that you're using when
+H6ywImPkSwY-00906-00275011-00275272 you deploy all new lessons lessons to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00907-00275273-00275737 all your new course sites yes that's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00908-00275738-00276052 that's one place we also put on our FAQ
+H6ywImPkSwY-00909-00276053-00276420 pages we also hand out our best practice
+H6ywImPkSwY-00910-00276421-00276790 booklet with all the instructions and we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00911-00276791-00277030 try to distribute them as much as
+H6ywImPkSwY-00912-00277031-00277288 possible but if you guys want to look
+H6ywImPkSwY-00913-00277289-00277822 here's a link how can i copy the link
+H6ywImPkSwY-00914-00277823-00278569 here it seemed to be impossible hmm okay
+H6ywImPkSwY-00915-00278570-00278835 I don't know how to copy the link here
+H6ywImPkSwY-00916-00278836-00279094 so Corey do you think you can copy the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00917-00279095-00279244 link I don't know how to copy the link
+H6ywImPkSwY-00918-00279245-00279463 in the bigger button Oh what link would
+H6ywImPkSwY-00919-00279464-00279895 you like the teach link tryna I tried
+H6ywImPkSwY-00920-00279896-00280213 twice but I couldn't copy the link here
+H6ywImPkSwY-00921-00280214-00280690 okay hold on a second do I have to type
+H6ywImPkSwY-00922-00280691-00281332 it in dressed very good question is does
+H6ywImPkSwY-00923-00281333-00281539 anyone use a model course site that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00924-00281540-00281992 faculty can use as their model if you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00925-00281993-00282202 set up something like a mock course that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00926-00282203-00282622 you let other faculty see oh that's
+H6ywImPkSwY-00927-00282623-00282979 great okay thank you Carrie we have a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00928-00282980-00283380 sample site we use it for demo purposes
+H6ywImPkSwY-00929-00283381-00283876 um we don't know how to add all our 600
+H6ywImPkSwY-00930-00283877-00284146 faculties in there to see it but
+H6ywImPkSwY-00931-00284147-00284404 whenever someone is asking about the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00932-00284405-00284662 lessons we will show the show this demo
+H6ywImPkSwY-00933-00284663-00284962 site we have several model pages with
+H6ywImPkSwY-00934-00284963-00285954 different formats yeah
+H6ywImPkSwY-00935-00285955-00286308 um we also one that faculty first have
+H6ywImPkSwY-00936-00286309-00286539 the lessons tool there's a template that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00937-00286540-00286683 has a links to a lot of the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00938-00286684-00286830 documentation that's also in that link
+H6ywImPkSwY-00939-00286831-00287156 that I just provided that links to our
+H6ywImPkSwY-00940-00287157-00287370 instructional documentation as well as
+H6ywImPkSwY-00941-00287371-00287649 our videos as well as screenshots of you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00942-00287650-00287883 know fake sites say across you know the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00943-00287884-00288174 top fake course 101 Jane Doe and with
+H6ywImPkSwY-00944-00288175-00288444 just screenshots of what the the tool
+H6ywImPkSwY-00945-00288445-00288744 has potential to do yeah that was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00946-00288745-00288969 sitting I learn so I don't think we
+H6ywImPkSwY-00947-00288970-00289101 can't share to here and you need the
+H6ywImPkSwY-00948-00289102-00289536 logging true true just sharing you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00949-00289537-00290106 that approach uh-huh all right so we're
+H6ywImPkSwY-00950-00290107-00290316 at one fifty-one we have about nine
+H6ywImPkSwY-00951-00290317-00290739 minutes left I want to transition to
+H6ywImPkSwY-00952-00290740-00291045 just talking about I guess possible next
+H6ywImPkSwY-00953-00291046-00291276 steps may be breaking up into some you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00954-00291277-00291438 know a smaller group if anyone is
+H6ywImPkSwY-00955-00291439-00291783 interested in pursuing some type of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00956-00291784-00291975 those who have not yet migrated if
+H6ywImPkSwY-00957-00291976-00292131 you're interested in pursuing some type
+H6ywImPkSwY-00958-00292132-00292560 of automation for migrating content out
+H6ywImPkSwY-00959-00292561-00292863 of malate into lessons one thing I will
+H6ywImPkSwY-00960-00292864-00293187 say is that I know that internally we've
+H6ywImPkSwY-00961-00293188-00293550 done a little bit of work in tweaking
+H6ywImPkSwY-00962-00293551-00293885 let's say the IMS manifests of of
+H6ywImPkSwY-00963-00293886-00294120 packages that we export from malate and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00964-00294121-00294291 there's some things that we found that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00965-00294292-00294636 we may be able to do with some rewriting
+H6ywImPkSwY-00966-00294637-00294930 of the contents of the manifest so that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00967-00294931-00295296 it makes its way into lessons in a
+H6ywImPkSwY-00968-00295297-00295593 little bit better format so is there
+H6ywImPkSwY-00969-00295594-00295893 anyone whose toyed with this at all or
+H6ywImPkSwY-00970-00295894-00296034 if there's anyone that's interested in
+H6ywImPkSwY-00971-00296035-00297727 having a further dialogue of automating
+H6ywImPkSwY-00972-00297728-00298060 okay what sounds like a lot of people
+H6ywImPkSwY-00973-00298061-00298420 have strategies in place for you know
+H6ywImPkSwY-00974-00298421-00298951 for doing their course migration so you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00975-00298952-00299233 know if anyone is interested in speaking
+H6ywImPkSwY-00976-00299234-00299395 with me offline about this we can
+H6ywImPkSwY-00977-00299396-00299554 certainly talk about it we've engaged
+H6ywImPkSwY-00978-00299555-00299779 long site in the past and may do so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00979-00299780-00300133 again and we're looking for anyone
+H6ywImPkSwY-00980-00300134-00300283 that's interested in collaborating on
+H6ywImPkSwY-00981-00300284-00300415 that effort if if there would be
+H6ywImPkSwY-00982-00300416-00300937 interest there yeah for the transition I
+H6ywImPkSwY-00983-00300938-00301360 think we got that pretty close but you
+H6ywImPkSwY-00984-00301361-00301546 know it's based on a really old version
+H6ywImPkSwY-00985-00301547-00301762 of lessons and thought that was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00986-00301763-00302023 rewritten so if that was gonna be picked
+H6ywImPkSwY-00987-00302024-00302287 up that would have to be a lot I don't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00988-00302288-00302665 have to be redone so well I was
+H6ywImPkSwY-00989-00302666-00302827 committed to to version control in some
+H6ywImPkSwY-00990-00302828-00303034 parts that were picked up some perks
+H6ywImPkSwY-00991-00303035-00303190 that work were picked up in the other
+H6ywImPkSwY-00992-00303191-00303628 diras but them the bulk of it that
+H6ywImPkSwY-00993-00303629-00304059 actually was able to import it wasn't so
+H6ywImPkSwY-00994-00304060-00304390 it was a weekend finished testing on and
+H6ywImPkSwY-00995-00304391-00305001 being didn't get it committed to turn
+H6ywImPkSwY-00996-00305002-00305260 alright so we have a few guesses over
+H6ywImPkSwY-00997-00305261-00305761 here Rhydian and one of you and I don't
+H6ywImPkSwY-00998-00305762-00306094 remember where you guys were you told me
+H6ywImPkSwY-00999-00306095-00306568 I read the anthem marist yeah you guys
+H6ywImPkSwY-01000-00306569-00307564 have a lot of courses so okay so what
+H6ywImPkSwY-01001-00307565-00307783 what I might do is um schedule a
+H6ywImPkSwY-01002-00307784-00308098 separate maybe schedule separate
+H6ywImPkSwY-01003-00308099-00308278 conference call with a smaller group and
+H6ywImPkSwY-01004-00308279-00308452 discuss some things we're going to be
+H6ywImPkSwY-01005-00308453-00308593 doing some internal testing in the next
+H6ywImPkSwY-01006-00308594-00308818 couple weeks and we may have some things
+H6ywImPkSwY-01007-00308819-00309256 to share and we're very interested in
+H6ywImPkSwY-01008-00309257-00309418 talking through those more technical
+H6ywImPkSwY-01009-00309419-00309589 ideas with others who are interested in
+H6ywImPkSwY-01010-00309590-00309997 the oh look at the ims manifests and you
+H6ywImPkSwY-01011-00309998-00310111 know what can be done what can be
+H6ywImPkSwY-01012-00310112-00310510 handled through some scripting on both
+H6ywImPkSwY-01013-00310511-00310681 ends
+H6ywImPkSwY-01014-00310682-00311212 and here go Andrews providing us with a
+H6ywImPkSwY-01015-00311213-00311578 example navigation page down here and
+H6ywImPkSwY-01016-00311579-00312131 Cory did give us a link to the mr.
+H6ywImPkSwY-01017-00312132-00313004 teaching resource page in case anybody
+H6ywImPkSwY-01018-00313005-00313301 interesting modifying the lessons
+H6ywImPkSwY-01019-00313302-00313724 tutorial page if you right click on the
+H6ywImPkSwY-01020-00313725-00313994 Help button open a new tab that's the
+H6ywImPkSwY-01021-00313995-00315385 link you can use to modify it
+H6ywImPkSwY-01022-00315386-00315602 does anyone have anything else they'd
+H6ywImPkSwY-01023-00315603-00315797 like to add or throw out there for the
+H6ywImPkSwY-01024-00315798-00315945 good of the order before we end the call
+H6ywImPkSwY-01025-00315946-00317232 today
+H6ywImPkSwY-01026-00317233-00317439 all right well I guess thank you all for
+H6ywImPkSwY-01027-00317440-00317670 joining today Sue's I'm going to open
+H6ywImPkSwY-01028-00317671-00317976 dialogue and I hope that you made some
+H6ywImPkSwY-01029-00317977-00318264 connections today and and wish you the
+H6ywImPkSwY-01030-00318265-00318414 best that if you have any questions we
+H6ywImPkSwY-01031-00318415-00318669 want to talk offline with me or so my
+H6ywImPkSwY-01032-00318670-00318858 colleagues um shoot me an email either
+H6ywImPkSwY-01033-00318859-00319167 directly you guys probably have my email
+H6ywImPkSwY-01034-00319168-00319383 from the many what sort of things have
+H6ywImPkSwY-01035-00319384-00319554 been set it out but if not I'll put it
+H6ywImPkSwY-01036-00319555-00320073 here now box below thanks everyone for
+H6ywImPkSwY-01037-00320074-00320496 your tie and stop the recording now
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00000-00000035-00000409 Sall bard norwegian pronunciation SLB
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00001-00000411-00000688 prior to 1925 known by its dutch name
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00002-00000689-00000923 Spitsbergen is a Norwegian archipelago
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00003-00000924-00001208 in the Arctic Ocean situated north of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00004-00001209-00001394 mainland Europe it is about midway
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00005-00001395-00001589 between continental Norway in the North
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00006-00001590-00001868 Pole the islands of the group range from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00007-00001869-00002138 74 degrees to 81 degrees north latitude
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00008-00002139-00002417 and from 10 degrees to 35 degrees east
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00009-00002418-00002666 longitude the largest island of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00010-00002667-00002879 Spitsbergen followed by noir dose Linda
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00011-00002880-00003091 and ed Julia administratively the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00012-00003092-00003329 archipelago is not part of any Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00013-00003329-00003542 County but forms an unincorporated area
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00014-00003543-00003758 administered by a governor appointed by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00015-00003759-00004079 the Norwegian government since 2002
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00016-00004079-00004331 Svalbard main settlement longer buin has
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00017-00004332-00004535 had an elected local government somewhat
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00018-00004536-00004822 similar to mainland municipalities other
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00019-00004823-00005018 settlements include the Russian mining
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00020-00005019-00005210 community of Barentsburg the research
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00021-00005211-00005441 station of NY Allison and the mining
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00022-00005442-00005774 outpost of sveagruva NY Allison does the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00023-00005775-00005933 northernmost settlement in the world
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00024-00005934-00006134 with a permanent civilian population
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00025-00006135-00006395 other settlements are farther north but
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00026-00006396-00006614 are populated only by rotating groups of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00027-00006615-00006926 researchers the islands were first taken
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00028-00006927-00007166 into use as a whaling base in the 17th
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00029-00007167-00007370 and 18th centuries after which they were
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00030-00007370-00007634 abandoned coal mining started at the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00031-00007634-00007817 beginning of the 20th century and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00032-00007818-00007984 several permanent communities were
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00033-00007986-00008317 established the Svalbard Treaty of 1920
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00034-00008318-00008573 recognizes Norwegian sovereignty and the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00035-00008574-00008881 1925 Svalbard Act made Svalbard a full
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00036-00008882-00009149 part of the kingdom of Norway they also
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00037-00009150-00009341 established Svalbard as a free economic
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00038-00009342-00009563 zone and a demilitarized zone
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00039-00009564-00009812 the Norwegians store norske and the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00040-00009813-00009980 Russian Arctic Google remain the only
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00041-00009981-00010277 mining companies in place research and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00042-00010278-00010430 tourism have become important
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00043-00010431-00010595 supplementary industries with the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00044-00010596-00010841 University Centre in Svalbard uniess and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00045-00010842-00011038 the Svalbard global Seed Vault playing
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00046-00011039-00011312 critical roles no roads connect the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00047-00011313-00011552 settlements instead snowmobiles aircraft
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00048-00011553-00011695 and boats serve inter-community
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00049-00011696-00011989 transport Val bard Airport Longyear
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00050-00011990-00012260 serves as the main gateway the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00051-00012261-00012473 archipelago features an Arctic climate
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00052-00012474-00012599 although with significantly higher
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00053-00012600-00012794 temperatures than other areas at the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00054-00012795-00013082 same latitude the flora take advantage
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00055-00013083-00013280 of the long period of Midnight Sun to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00056-00013281-00013383 compensate for the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00057-00013384-00013632 or night Svalbard is a breeding ground
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00058-00013633-00013863 for many seabirds and also features
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00059-00013863-00014124 polar bears reindeer the arctic fox and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00060-00014125-00014411 certain marine mammals seven national
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00061-00014412-00014663 parks and 23 nature reserves covered
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00062-00014665-00014880 two-thirds of the archipelago protecting
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00063-00014881-00015041 the largely untouched yet fragile
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00064-00015043-00015428 natural environment approximately 60% of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00065-00015429-00015611 the archipelago is covered with glaciers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00066-00015612-00015825 and the islands feature many mountains
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00067-00015826-00016172 and fjords Val Bart and January Mayan
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00068-00016173-00016550 are collectively assigned the iso 3166-1
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00069-00016551-00017003 alpha-2 country code SJ both areas are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00070-00017004-00017178 administered view Norway though they are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00071-00017179-00017447 separated by a distance of over 950
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00072-00017448-00017730 kilometers 510 nautical miles and have
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00073-00017731-00018435 very different administrative structures
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00074-00018436-00018963 topic geography
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00075-00018964-00019260 the Svalbard Treaty of 1920 defines
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00076-00019261-00019482 Svalbard as all islands islets and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00077-00019483-00019755 scary's from 74 degrees to 81 degrees
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00078-00019756-00020025 north latitude and from 10 degrees to 35
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00079-00020026-00020331 degrees east longitude the land area is
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00080-00020332-00020856 60 1022 square kilometers 23,000 561
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00081-00020857-00021099 square miles and dominated by the island
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00082-00021100-00021291 of Spitsbergen which constitutes more
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00083-00021292-00021489 than half the archipelago followed by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00084-00021490-00021708 nor dos Linda and ed Julia all
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00085-00021709-00021903 settlements are located on Spitsbergen
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00086-00021904-00022152 except the meteorological outposts on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00087-00022153-00022461 Brno and hoping the Norwegian state took
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00088-00022462-00022659 possession of all unclaimed land or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00089-00022660-00022938 ninety 5.2 percent of the archipelago at
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00090-00022939-00023124 the time the Svalbard Treaty entered
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00091-00023125-00023376 into force store norske owns 4%
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00092-00023377-00023672 arktikugol owns 0.4 percent while other
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00093-00023673-00023952 private owners hold 0.4 percent since
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00094-00023953-00024165 Val bard is located north of the Arctic
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00095-00024166-00024381 Circle it experiences Midnight Sun in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00096-00024382-00024699 summer and polar night in winter at 74
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00097-00024700-00024960 degrees north the Midnight Sun lasts 99
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00098-00024961-00025206 days in polar night 84 days while the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00099-00025207-00025524 respective figures at 81 degrees are 141
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00100-00025525-00025922 and 128 days in longer buin Midnight Sun
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00101-00025923-00026144 lasts from the 20th of April until the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00102-00026145-00026385 23rd of August and polar night lasts
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00103-00026386-00026627 from the 26th of October to the 15th of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00104-00026629-00026921 February in winter the combination of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00105-00026922-00027120 full moon and reflective snow can give
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00106-00027120-00027410 additional light glacial ice covers 30
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00107-00027411-00027810 6502 square kilometres 14,000 94 square
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00108-00027811-00028176 miles or 60% of Svalbard 30% as barren
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00109-00028177-00028502 rock while 10% is vegetated the largest
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00110-00028504-00028895 glacier is Astana 8412 square kilometers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00111-00028897-00029295 or 3248 square miles on nor dos one day
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00112-00029295-00029533 followed by Ola viel and invest fauna
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00113-00029535-00029820 during summer it is possible to ski from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00114-00029820-00030002 sore cap in the south to the north of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00115-00030004-00030170 Spitsbergen with only a short distance
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00116-00030172-00030433 not being covered by snow or glacier
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00117-00030435-00030867 Kavita is 99.3% covered by glacier the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00118-00030868-00031070 landforms of Svalbard were created
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00119-00031072-00031260 through repeated ice ages when glaciers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00120-00031261-00031473 cut the former plateau into fjords
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00121-00031474-00031745 valleys and mountains the tallest peak
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00122-00031747-00032345 is Newton top in 1717 meters are 5633
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00123-00032347-00032777 followed by pear topping 1712 meters or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00124-00032778-00033297 5600 17 feet Sera's fell at 1675 meters
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00125-00033298-00033849 or 5495 feet chadwick rygan 1640 meters
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00126-00033850-00034286 or 5,000 380 feet and galileo Taupin
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00127-00034287-00034773 1637 meters or 5,000 371 feet the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00128-00034774-00035013 longest fewer does vada feudin 108
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00129-00035014-00035346 kilometers or 67 miles followed by is 14
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00130-00035347-00035715 107 kilometers are 66 miles van magenta
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00131-00035716-00036024 and 83 kilometers or 52 miles would
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00132-00036025-00036318 Fortin 64 kilometers or 40 miles and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00133-00036319-00036615 Wallenberg feudin 46 kilometers or 29
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00134-00036616-00036677 miles
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00135-00036678-00036891 Svalbard is part of the High Arctic
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00136-00036892-00037164 large igneous province an experienced
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00137-00037165-00037374 Norway's strongest earthquake on the 6th
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00138-00037375-00037638 of March 2009 which had a magnitude of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00139-00037639-00038232 6.5
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00140-00038233-00038773 topic sports
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00141-00038774-00039032 association football is the most popular
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00142-00039033-00039239 sport in Svalbard there are three
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00143-00039240-00039448 football pitches but no stadiums because
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00144-00039449-00040082 of the low population
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00145-00040083-00040578 topic history
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00146-00040579-00040918 you
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00147-00040919-00041276 topic Dutch discovery exploration and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00148-00041277-00041807 mapping of a terra nullius
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00149-00041808-00042071 more ceman possibly discovered Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00150-00042072-00042305 as early as the 12th century there are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00151-00042306-00042479 traditional Norse accounts of a land
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00152-00042480-00042639 known as Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00153-00042640-00042968 cold shores although this might have
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00154-00042969-00043186 referred to January Mayan or a part of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00155-00043187-00043421 Eastern Greenland it was thought both
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00156-00043422-00043630 Svalbard and Greenland were connected to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00157-00043631-00043910 continental Europe the archipelago might
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00158-00043911-00044062 in that period have been used for
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00159-00044063-00044158 fishing and hunting
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00160-00044159-00044440 the Dutchman willem baron s Z made the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00161-00044441-00044655 first discovery of the archipelago in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00162-00044656-00044908 1596 when he sighted its coast while
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00163-00044909-00045092 searching for the northern sea route the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00164-00045093-00045299 name Spitsbergen originated with baron
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00165-00045300-00045565 SZ who described the pointed mountains
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00166-00045566-00045787 he saw in the west coast of the main
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00167-00045788-00046082 island Spitsbergen although his 1599 map
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00168-00046083-00046274 of the arctic labels the island as het
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00169-00046275-00046624 new land the new land baron tes z did
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00170-00046625-00046811 not recognize that he had discovered an
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00171-00046812-00047024 archipelago and consequently the name
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00172-00047025-00047245 Spitsbergen long remained in use both
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00173-00047246-00047380 for the main island and for the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00174-00047381-00047527 archipelago as a whole
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00175-00047528-00047677 the first known landing on the island
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00176-00047678-00047920 dates to 1604 when an English ship
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00177-00047921-00048139 landed at Bern OA and started hunting
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00178-00048140-00048392 walrus annual expeditions soon followed
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00179-00048393-00048580 and Spitsbergen became a base for
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00180-00048581-00048789 hunting the bowhead whale from 1611
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00181-00048790-00049018 because of the lawless nature of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00182-00049019-00049246 area english danish dutch and french
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00183-00049247-00049445 companies and authorities tried to use
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00184-00049446-00050135 force to keep out other countries fleets
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00185-00050136-00050541 topic 17 18th centuries
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00186-00050542-00050754 you
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00187-00050755-00050946 smearin burg was one of the first
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00188-00050947-00051161 settlements established by the dutch in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00189-00051162-00051519 1619 smaller bases were also built by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00190-00051520-00051794 the English Danish and French at first
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00191-00051795-00052007 the outposts were merely summer camps
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00192-00052008-00052229 but from the early 1630s a few
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00193-00052230-00052415 individuals started to overwinter
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00194-00052416-00052674 whaling at Spitsbergen lasted until the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00195-00052675-00052929 1820s when the Dutch British and Danish
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00196-00052929-00053199 whalers moved elsewhere in the Arctic by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00197-00053200-00053438 the late 17th century Russian hunters
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00198-00053439-00053607 arrived they overwintered to a greater
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00199-00053608-00053804 extent and hunted land mammals such as
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00200-00053805-00054432 the polar bear and Fox
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00201-00054433-00054976 topic nineteenth century
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00202-00054977-00055242 after the anglo-russian war in 1809
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00203-00055244-00055507 Russian activity on Svalbard diminished
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00204-00055508-00055819 and ceased by the 1820s Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00205-00055820-00056128 hunting mostly for walrus started in the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00206-00056129-00056482 1790s the first Norwegian citizens to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00207-00056483-00056659 reach Spitsbergen proper were a number
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00208-00056660-00056875 of coast Sami people from the hammerfest
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00209-00056876-00057040 region who were hired as part of a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00210-00057041-00057363 Russian crew for an expedition in 1795
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00211-00057364-00057591 Norwegian whaling was abandoned about
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00212-00057592-00057802 the same time as the Russians left but
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00213-00057803-00057991 whaling continued around Spitsbergen
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00214-00057991-00058216 until the 1830s and around Bern Oya
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00215-00058216-00058848 until the 1860s
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00216-00058849-00059376 topic 20th century
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00217-00059377-00059694 you
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00218-00059695-00060022 topic Svalbard Treaty and more Weejun
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00219-00060023-00060391 sovereignty
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00220-00060391-00060666 by the 1890s Sal Bart had become a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00221-00060667-00060879 destination for Arctic tourism coal
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00222-00060880-00061078 deposits had been found in the islands
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00223-00061079-00061251 were being used as a base for Arctic
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00224-00061252-00061524 exploration the first mining was along
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00225-00061525-00061891 is Fortin by Norwegians in 1899 by 1904
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00226-00061891-00062047 British interests had established
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00227-00062048-00062278 themselves in Advent fjord inand started
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00228-00062279-00062553 the first all year operations production
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00229-00062554-00062763 in longer buin by American interests
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00230-00062764-00063018 started in 1908 and store norske
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00231-00063019-00063297 established itself in 1916 as did other
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00232-00063298-00063496 Norwegian interests during the war in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00233-00063497-00063687 part by buying American interests
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00234-00063688-00063894 discussions to establish the sovereignty
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00235-00063895-00064072 of the archipelago commenced in the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00236-00064073-00064323 1910s but were interrupted by World War
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00237-00064324-00064560 one on the 9th of February 1920
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00238-00064561-00064767 following the Paris Peace Conference the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00239-00064768-00064974 Svalbard treaty was signed granting full
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00240-00064975-00065232 sovereignty to Norway however all
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00241-00065233-00065418 signatory countries were granted
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00242-00065419-00065622 non-discriminatory rights to fishing
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00243-00065623-00065907 hunting and mineral resources the treaty
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00244-00065908-00066204 took effect on the 14th of August 1925
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00245-00066205-00066421 at the same time as the Svalbard Act
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00246-00066422-00066624 regulated the archipelago and the first
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00247-00066625-00066867 governor johannes gherkins basso took
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00248-00066868-00067165 office the archipelago has traditionally
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00249-00067166-00067335 been known as Spitsbergen and the main
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00250-00067336-00067587 island is west Spitsbergen from the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00251-00067588-00067857 1920s norway renamed the archipelago
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00252-00067858-00068040 Svalbard and the main island became
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00253-00068041-00068132 Spitsbergen
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00254-00068133-00068451 kavita kong Carl's land hopen and burn
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00255-00068452-00068622 oil were not regarded as part of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00256-00068623-00068890 Spitsbergen archipelago Russians have
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00257-00068891-00069072 traditionally called the archipelago
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00258-00069073-00069276 grummond Grumman the Soviet Union
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00259-00069277-00069462 retained the name Spitsbergen spit
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00260-00069463-00069672 Bergen to support undocumented claims
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00261-00069673-00069835 that Russians were the first to discover
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00262-00069836-00070218 the island in 1928 Italian explorer
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00263-00070219-00070396 Umberto noble and the crew of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00264-00070397-00070603 airship Italia crashed on the ice back
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00265-00070604-00070824 off the coast of Point Island the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00266-00070825-00071031 subsequent rescue attempts were covered
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00267-00071032-00071244 extensively in the press and Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00268-00071245-00071905 received short-lived fame as a result
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00269-00071906-00072424 topic Second World War
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00270-00072425-00072757 in 1941 after Operation gauntlet all
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00271-00072758-00072964 Norwegian and Soviet settlements on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00272-00072965-00073189 Svalbard were evacuated and a German
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00273-00073190-00073336 presence was established with a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00274-00073337-00073564 meteorological outpost although a small
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00275-00073565-00073726 Norwegian garrison was kept on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00276-00073727-00074002 Spitsbergen the German operations it
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00277-00074003-00074203 Rinella took this garrison by force in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00278-00074204-00074491 1943 and at the same time destroying the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00279-00074492-00074629 settlements at longer buin in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00280-00074630-00075004 barentsburg in september 1944 together
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00281-00075005-00075229 with the supply ship Carl J Bush the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00282-00075230-00075520 submarine u 307 transported the men of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00283-00075521-00075735 operation hot again to Sal Bart
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00284-00075736-00076048 operation Honda ghen ie swashbuckler was
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00285-00076049-00076228 the name of a German operation during
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00286-00076229-00076405 the Second World War to establish
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00287-00076406-00076738 meteorological stations on Svalbard the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00288-00076739-00076906 station was active from the 9th of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00289-00076907-00077188 September 1944 to the 4th of September
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00290-00077189-00077650 1945 it lost radio contact in May 1945
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00291-00077651-00077836 and the soldiers were capable of asking
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00292-00077837-00078211 for support only in August 1945 on the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00293-00078212-00078499 4th of September 1945 the soldiers were
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00294-00078500-00078688 picked up by a Norwegian seal hunting
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00295-00078689-00078871 vessel and surrendered to its captain
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00296-00078872-00079141 this group of men were the last German
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00297-00079142-00079309 troops to surrender after the Second
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00298-00079310-00079618 World War after the war the Soviet Union
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00299-00079619-00079834 proposed common Norwegian and Soviet
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00300-00079835-00080047 administration and military defense of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00301-00080048-00080422 Svalbard this was rejected in 1947 v
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00302-00080423-00080640 Norway which two years later joined NATO
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00303-00080641-00080926 the Soviet Union retained high civilian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00304-00080927-00081157 activity on Svalbard in part to ensure
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00305-00081158-00081361 that the archipelago was not used by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00306-00081362-00081865 NATO
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00307-00081866-00082334 topic post war
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00308-00082335-00082577 after the war Norway reestablished
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00309-00082578-00082853 operations at longer buin and NY ålesund
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00310-00082854-00082973 while the Soviet Union established
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00311-00082974-00083216 mining in barentsburg pyramid and in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00312-00083217-00083501 grummond the mine at NY ålesund had
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00313-00083502-00083750 several fatal accidents killing 71
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00314-00083751-00083936 people while it was in operation from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00315-00083937-00084515 1945 to 1954 and from 1960 to 1963 the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00316-00084516-00084797 Kings Bay affair caused by the 1962
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00317-00084798-00085028 accident killing 21 workers forced
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00318-00085029-00085345 gerhardsen 's 3rd cabinet to resign from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00319-00085346-00085646 1964 NY Allison became a research
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00320-00085647-00085883 outpost and a facility for the European
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00321-00085884-00086171 Space Research Organisation petroleum
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00322-00086172-00086456 test drilling was started in 1963 and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00323-00086457-00086735 continued until 1984 but no commercially
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00324-00086736-00087050 viable fields were found from 1960
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00325-00087051-00087242 regular charter flights were made from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00326-00087243-00087475 the mainland to a field at hotel set in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00327-00087476-00087791 1975 Svalbard Airport Longyear opened
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00328-00087792-00087998 allowing year-round services during the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00329-00087999-00088223 Cold War the Soviet Union retained about
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00330-00088224-00088394 two-thirds of the population on the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00331-00088395-00088580 islands with a third being Norwegians
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00332-00088581-00088760 with the archipelago's population
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00333-00088761-00089069 slightly under 4,000 Russian activity
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00334-00089070-00089258 has diminished considerably since then
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00335-00089259-00089627 falling from 2,500 to 450 people from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00336-00089628-00090008 1990 to 2010 Grumman was closed after it
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00337-00090009-00090317 was depleted in 1962 Pyramiden was
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00338-00090318-00090611 closed in 1998 coal exports from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00339-00090612-00090890 Barentsburg ceased in 2006 because of a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00340-00090891-00091205 fire but resumed in 2010 the Russian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00341-00091206-00091427 community has also experienced two air
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00342-00091428-00091640 accidents Vanille covo Airlines flight
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00343-00091641-00091982 to 801 which killed 141 people and the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00344-00091983-00092186 here Aden helicopter accident longer
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00345-00092187-00092378 buin remained purely a company town
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00346-00092379-00092678 until 1989 when utilities culture and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00347-00092679-00092888 education was separated into Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00348-00092889-00093245 sampans drift in 1993 it was sold to the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00349-00093246-00093431 national government and the University
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00350-00093432-00093706 Centre was established through the 1990s
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00351-00093707-00093965 tourism increased in the town developed
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00352-00093966-00094181 an economy independent of store norske
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00353-00094182-00094397 in the mining longer buin was
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00354-00094398-00094685 incorporated on the 1st of January 2002
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00355-00094686-00095365 receiving a community council
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00356-00095366-00095880 topic population
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00357-00095881-00096222 you
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00358-00096223-00096748 topic demographics
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00359-00096749-00097175 in 2016 Svalbard had a population of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00360-00097176-00097297 2667
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00361-00097298-00097585 of which 423 were Russian and Ukrainian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00362-00097586-00097948 10 polish and 322 non Norwegians living
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00363-00097949-00098229 in Norwegian settlements the largest non
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00364-00098230-00098511 Norwegian groups in longer buin in 2005
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00365-00098512-00098775 were from Thailand Sweden Denmark Russia
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00366-00098776-00099332 and Germany
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00367-00099333-00099971 topic settlements longer buin is the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00368-00099972-00100166 largest settlement on the archipelago
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00369-00100167-00100343 the seat of the governor and the only
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00370-00100344-00100571 town to be incorporated the town
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00371-00100572-00100769 features a hospital primary and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00372-00100770-00101006 secondary school University Sports
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00373-00101007-00101204 Center with a swimming pool library
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00374-00101205-00101372 culture center cinema
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00375-00101373-00101632 thus transport hotels a bank and several
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00376-00101633-00101950 museums the newspapers FAL Bard Poston
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00377-00101951-00102175 is published weekly only a small
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00378-00102176-00102392 fraction of the mining activity remains
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00379-00102393-00102619 at longer buin instead workers commute
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00380-00102620-00102880 to sveagruva or Sofia where store norske
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00381-00102881-00103132 operates a mine via groovey as a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00382-00103133-00103354 dormitory town with workers commuting
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00383-00103355-00103705 from longer buin weekly NY Allison does
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00384-00103706-00103882 a permanent settlement based entirely
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00385-00103883-00104126 around research formerly a mining town
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00386-00104127-00104375 it is still a company town operated by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00387-00104376-00104556 the Norwegian state-owned Kings Bay
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00388-00104557-00104777 while there is some tourism there
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00389-00104778-00104999 Norwegian authorities limit access to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00390-00105000-00105194 the outpost to minimize impact on the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00391-00105195-00105524 scientific work NY ålesund has a winter
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00392-00105525-00105770 population of 35 in a summer population
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00393-00105771-00106154 of 180 the Norwegian meteorological
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00394-00106155-00106354 Institute has outposts at Bureau Noah
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00395-00106355-00106558 and hoping with respectively ten and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00396-00106559-00106853 four people stationed both outposts can
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00397-00106854-00107035 also house temporary research staff
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00398-00107036-00107315 Poland operates the Polish polar station
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00399-00107316-00107477 at Horn psin with ten permanent
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00400-00107478-00107648 residents Behrens Berg is the only
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00401-00107649-00107866 permanently inhabited Russian settlement
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00402-00107867-00108119 after pyramid and was abandoned in 1998
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00403-00108120-00108428 it is a company town all facilities are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00404-00108429-00108626 owned by arktikugol which operates a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00405-00108627-00108865 coal mine in addition to the mining
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00406-00108866-00109094 facilities arktikugol has opened a hotel
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00407-00109095-00109336 and souvenir shop catering for tourists
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00408-00109338-00109523 taking day trips or hikes from longer
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00409-00109524-00109786 buin the village features facilities
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00410-00109788-00110048 such as a school library Sports Centre
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00411-00110049-00110300 community centre swimming pool farm and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00412-00110301-00110564 greenhouse pyramid and features similar
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00413-00110565-00110779 facilities both are built in typical
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00414-00110780-00111020 post-world war ii Soviet architectural
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00415-00111021-00111188 and planning style and contain the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00416-00111189-00111419 world's two most northerly Lenin statues
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00417-00111420-00111632 and other socialist realism artwork as
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00418-00111633-00111956 of 2013 a handful of workers are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00419-00111957-00112124 stationed in the largely abandoned
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00420-00112125-00112247 pyramid and to maintain the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00421-00112248-00112451 infrastructure and run the hotel which
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00422-00112452-00113090 has been reopened for tourists
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00423-00113091-00113561 topic religion
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00424-00113563-00113802 most of the population is affiliated
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00425-00113803-00114039 with the Church of Norway Catholics on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00426-00114040-00114246 the archipelago our pastor Lee served by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00427-00114247-00114970 the Roman Catholic Diocese of Oslo
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00428-00114971-00115491 topic politics
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00429-00115492-00115808 the Svalbard Treaty of 1920 established
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00430-00115809-00115992 full Norwegian sovereignty over the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00431-00115993-00116277 archipelago the islands are unlike the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00432-00116278-00116510 Norwegian Antarctic Territory a part of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00433-00116511-00116652 the kingdom of Norway and not a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00434-00116653-00116919 dependency the treaty came into effect
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00435-00116920-00117288 in 1925 following the Svalbard Act all
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00436-00117289-00117516 40 signatory countries of the treaty
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00437-00117517-00117666 have the right to conduct commercial
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00438-00117667-00117873 activities on the archipelago without
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00439-00117874-00118083 discrimination although all activity is
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00440-00118083-00118358 subject to Norwegian legislation the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00441-00118359-00118563 treaty limits Norway's right to collect
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00442-00118564-00118773 taxes to that of financing services on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00443-00118774-00119088 Svalbard therefore Val bard has a lower
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00444-00119089-00119301 income tax than mainland Norway and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00445-00119302-00119571 there is no value-added tax there is a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00446-00119572-00119781 separate budget for Svalbard to ensure
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00447-00119782-00119967 compliance spell var does a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00448-00119968-00120165 demilitarized zone as the treaty
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00449-00120166-00120372 prohibits the establishment of military
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00450-00120373-00120606 installations Norwegian military
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00451-00120607-00120819 activity is limited to fishery
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00452-00120820-00120996 surveillance by the Norwegian Coast
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00453-00120997-00121203 Guard as the treaty requires Norway to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00454-00121204-00121389 protect the natural environment the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00455-00121390-00121632 Svalbard Act established the institution
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00456-00121633-00121842 of the governor of Svalbard Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00457-00121843-00121983 sisal mannan who holds the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00458-00121983-00122202 responsibility as both county governor
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00459-00122203-00122397 and chief of police as well as holding
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00460-00122398-00122532 other authority granted from the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00461-00122533-00122796 executive branch duties include
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00462-00122797-00123039 environmental policy family law law
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00463-00123040-00123284 enforcement search and rescue tourism
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00464-00123285-00123536 management information services contact
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00465-00123538-00123723 with foreign settlements and judge in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00466-00123724-00123927 some areas of maritime inquiries and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00467-00123928-00124200 judicial examinations albeit never in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00468-00124201-00124491 the same cases as acting as police since
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00469-00124492-00124583 2015
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00470-00124584-00124818 Kirsten asked Holt has been governor she
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00471-00124819-00125009 is assisted by a staff of 26
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00472-00125010-00125256 professionals the institution is
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00473-00125257-00125451 subordinate to the Ministry of Justice
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00474-00125452-00125625 and the police but reports to other
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00475-00125626-00125781 ministries in matters within their
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00476-00125782-00126158 portfolio since 2002 longer buin
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00477-00126159-00126351 community council has had many of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00478-00126352-00126567 same responsibilities of a municipality
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00479-00126568-00126855 including utilities education cultural
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00480-00126856-00127085 facilities fire department roads and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00481-00127086-00127374 ports no care or nursing services are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00482-00127375-00127563 available nor is welfare payment
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00483-00127564-00127842 available Norwegian residents retain
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00484-00127843-00128019 pension and medical rights through their
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00485-00128020-00128280 mainland municipalities the hospital is
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00486-00128281-00128483 part of University Hospital of North
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00487-00128484-00128700 Norway while the airport is operated by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00488-00128701-00128856 state-owned Aven or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00489-00128857-00129096 and why ålesund and Barentsburg remained
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00490-00129097-00129284 company towns with all infrastructure
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00491-00129285-00129454 owned by king's bay and arktikugol
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00492-00129455-00129776 respectively other public offices with
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00493-00129777-00129993 presence on Svalbard are the Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00494-00129994-00130178 Directorate of mining the Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00495-00130179-00130371 polar Institute the Norwegian tax
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00496-00130372-00130585 administration and the Church of Norway
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00497-00130586-00130859 Svalbard is subordinate to Nord Troms
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00498-00130860-00131066 District Court and halogen Court of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00499-00131067-00131312 Appeal both located in Tromso although
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00500-00131313-00131532 Norway is part of the European Economic
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00501-00131533-00131793 Area EEA and the Schengen Agreement Val
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00502-00131794-00131997 Bart is not part of the Schengen area or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00503-00131998-00132338 the EEA non EU and non Nordic Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00504-00132339-00132566 residents do not need Schengen visas but
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00505-00132567-00132756 are prohibited from reaching Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00506-00132757-00132989 from mainland Norway without such in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00507-00132990-00133190 theory it would be possible to do a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00508-00133191-00133415 visa-free Airport transit at Oslo
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00509-00133416-00133608 Airport but this is not allowed be more
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00510-00133609-00133860 way people without a source of income
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00511-00133861-00134106 can be rejected by the governor no
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00512-00134107-00134303 person is required to have a visa or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00513-00134304-00134591 residence permit for Svalbard everybody
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00514-00134592-00134714 can live and work in Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00515-00134715-00134966 indefinitely regardless of citizenship
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00516-00134967-00135219 Svalbard Treaty grants treaty Nationals
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00517-00135220-00135404 equal right of a boat as Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00518-00135405-00135716 nationals so far non treaty nationals
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00519-00135717-00135889 were admitted visa-free as well
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00520-00135890-00136139 regulations concerning rejection and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00521-00136140-00136485 expulsion from Sal bard enforce Russia
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00522-00136486-00136700 retains a consulate in barentsburg in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00523-00136701-00136935 September 2010 a treaty was made between
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00524-00136936-00137148 Russia and Norway fixing the boundary
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00525-00137149-00137358 between the Svalbard archipelago and the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00526-00137359-00137649 Novaya Zemlya archipelago increased
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00527-00137650-00137868 interest in petroleum exploration in the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00528-00137869-00138062 Arctic raised interest in a resolution
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00529-00138063-00138338 of the dispute the agreement takes into
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00530-00138339-00138515 account the relative positions of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00531-00138516-00138699 archipelago's rather than being based
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00532-00138700-00138897 simply on northward extension of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00533-00138898-00139606 continental border of Norway in Russia
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00534-00139607-00140119 topic economy
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00535-00140120-00140338 the three main industries on Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00536-00140339-00140682 are coal mining tourism and research in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00537-00140683-00141034 2007 there were 484 people working in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00538-00141035-00141301 the mining sector 211 people working in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00539-00141302-00141523 the tourism sector and 111 people
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00540-00141524-00141817 working in the education sector the same
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00541-00141818-00142087 year the mining gave a revenue of 2.00
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00542-00142088-00142429 eight billion Norwegian kroner 227
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00543-00142430-00142606 million seven hundred ninety one
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00544-00142607-00142804 thousand seventy eight United States
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00545-00142805-00143143 Dollars tourism 317 million Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00546-00143144-00143328 kroner 35 million nine hundred
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00547-00143329-00143569 sixty-seven thousand two hundred two
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00548-00143570-00143881 United States dollars and research 142
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00549-00143882-00144109 million more Weejun kroner 16 million
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00550-00144110-00144313 ninety-eight thousand four hundred four
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00551-00144314-00144589 United States dollars in 2006 the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00552-00144590-00144769 average income for economically active
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00553-00144770-00144976 people was four hundred ninety four
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00554-00144977-00145186 thousand seven hundred Norwegian kroner
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00555-00145187-00145375 twenty three percent higher than on the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00556-00145376-00145645 mainland almost all housing is owned by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00557-00145646-00145867 the various employers and institutions
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00558-00145868-00146035 and rented to their employees there are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00559-00146036-00146260 only a few privately owned houses most
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00560-00146261-00146542 of which are recreational cabins because
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00561-00146543-00146755 of this it is nearly impossible to live
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00562-00146756-00146929 on Val bard without working for an
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00563-00146930-00147115 established institution since the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00564-00147116-00147304 resettlement of Svalbard in the early
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00565-00147305-00147523 20th century coal mining has been the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00566-00147524-00147778 dominant commercial activity store
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00567-00147779-00147970 norske spitsbergen coal company a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00568-00147971-00148189 subsidiary of the Norwegian Ministry of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00569-00148190-00148435 Trade and Industry operates via nord in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00570-00148436-00148663 sveagruva and mine seven in longer buin
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00571-00148664-00148987 the former produced 3.4 million tonnes
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00572-00148988-00149302 in 2008 while the latter uses 35 percent
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00573-00149303-00149455 of its output to long your view and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00574-00149456-00149797 power station since 2007 there has not
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00575-00149798-00149965 been any significant mining by the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00576-00149966-00150097 Russian state-owned arktikugol in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00577-00150098-00150379 barentsburg there have previously been
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00578-00150380-00150607 performed test drilling for petroleum on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00579-00150608-00150808 land but these did not give satisfactory
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00580-00150809-00151078 results for permanent operation the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00581-00151079-00151255 Norwegian authorities do not allow
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00582-00151256-00151453 offshore petroleum activities for
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00583-00151454-00151624 environmental reasons and the land
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00584-00151625-00151807 formerly test drilled on has been
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00585-00151808-00151984 protected as natural reserves or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00586-00151985-00152368 national parks in 2011 a 20-year plan to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00587-00152369-00152560 develop offshore oil and gas resources
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00588-00152561-00152929 around Svalbard was announced Val bard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00589-00152930-00153115 has historically been a base for both
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00590-00153116-00153400 whaling and fishing Norway claimed a 200
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00591-00153401-00153508 nautical mile
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00592-00153509-00153865 70 kilometers 230 miles exclusive
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00593-00153866-00154179 economic zone EEZ around Svalbard in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00594-00154180-00154639 1977 with 30 1688 square kilometers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00595-00154640-00154993 12,000 235 square miles of internal
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00596-00154994-00155458 waters and 770,000 565 square kilometers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00597-00155459-00156061 290 7500 17 square miles of EEZ norway
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00598-00156062-00156247 retains a restrictive Fisheries Policy
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00599-00156248-00156436 in the zone and the claims are disputed
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00600-00156437-00156742 by Russia tourism is focused on the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00601-00156743-00156916 environment and is centered on longer
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00602-00156917-00157180 buin activities include hiking kayaking
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00603-00157181-00157372 walks through glacier caves and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00604-00157373-00157675 snowmobile and dogsled safari cruise
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00605-00157676-00157894 ships generate a significant portion of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00606-00157895-00158098 the traffic including both stops by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00607-00158099-00158287 offshore vessels and expeditionary
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00608-00158288-00158526 cruises starting and ending in Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00609-00158527-00158782 traffic is strongly concentrated between
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00610-00158783-00159016 March and August overnights have Quinn
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00611-00159017-00159319 tupled from 1991 to 2008 when there were
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00612-00159320-00159556 93 thousand guests nights research on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00613-00159557-00159793 Svalbard centres on longer buin and NY
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00614-00159794-00160033 Allison the most accessible areas in the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00615-00160034-00160306 High Arctic the treaty grants permission
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00616-00160307-00160495 for any nation to conduct research on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00617-00160496-00160711 Svalbard resulting in the Polish polar
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00618-00160712-00160918 station and the Chinese Arctic Yellow
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00619-00160919-00161143 River station plus Russian facilities in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00620-00161144-00161422 barentsburg the University Centre in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00621-00161423-00161611 Svalbard and longer buin offers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00622-00161612-00161827 undergraduate graduate and postgraduate
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00623-00161828-00162121 courses to 350 students in various
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00624-00162122-00162370 Arctic sciences particularly biology
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00625-00162371-00162679 geology and geophysics courses are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00626-00162680-00162859 provided to supplement studies at the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00627-00162860-00163036 mainland universities there are no
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00628-00163037-00163240 tuition fees and courses are held in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00629-00163241-00163456 English with Norwegian and international
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00630-00163457-00163636 students equally represented the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00631-00163637-00163837 Svalbard global Seed Vault as a seed
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00632-00163838-00164032 bank to store seeds from as many of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00633-00164033-00164194 world's crop varieties and their
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00634-00164195-00164448 botanical wild relatives as possible a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00635-00164449-00164674 cooperation between the government of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00636-00164675-00164869 Norway and the global crop diversity
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00637-00164870-00165076 trust the vault is cut into rock near
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00638-00165077-00165310 longer buing keeping it at a natural -
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00639-00165311-00165529 six degrees Celsius 21 degrees
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00640-00165530-00165733 Fahrenheit and refrigerating the seeds
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00641-00165734-00166006 to minus 18 degrees Celsius 0 degrees
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00642-00166007-00166315 Fahrenheit the Svalbard undersea cable
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00643-00166316-00166639 system as a 1,400 40 kilometres eight
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00644-00166640-00166852 hundred ninety miles fiber-optic line
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00645-00166853-00166907 from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00646-00166908-00167063 Albert de haar stick needed for
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00647-00167064-00167231 communicating with polar orbiting
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00648-00167232-00167432 satellites through savaard satellite
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00649-00167433-00167687 station and installations in NY Allison
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00650-00167688-00167894 one source of income for the area was
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00651-00167895-00168032 until 2015
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00652-00168033-00168290 visiting cruise ships the Norwegian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00653-00168291-00168476 government became concerned about large
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00654-00168477-00168662 numbers of cruise ship passengers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00655-00168663-00168863 suddenly landing at small settlements
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00656-00168864-00169106 such as NY Allison which is conveniently
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00657-00169107-00169274 close to the barren yet picturesque
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00658-00169275-00169562 magdalena fjord with the increasing size
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00659-00169563-00169766 of the larger ships up to two thousand
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00660-00169767-00169937 people can potentially appear in a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00661-00169938-00170114 community that normally numbers less
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00662-00170115-00170387 than 40 as a result the government
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00663-00170388-00170576 severely restricted the size of cruise
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00664-00170577-00171185 ships that may visit
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00665-00171186-00171520 topic transport
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00666-00171521-00171707 you
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00667-00171708-00171985 within longer buin Barentsburg and NY
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00668-00171986-00172204 ålesund there are road systems but they
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00669-00172205-00172433 do not connect with each other off-road
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00670-00172434-00172663 motorized transport is prohibited on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00671-00172664-00172868 bare ground but snowmobiles are used
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00672-00172869-00173104 extensively during winter both for
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00673-00173105-00173337 commercial and recreational activities
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00674-00173338-00173524 transport from Longyearbyen to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00675-00173525-00173863 Barentsburg 45 kilometers or 28 miles in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00676-00173864-00174160 pyramid and 100 kilometers or 62 miles
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00677-00174161-00174407 is possible by snowmobile in winter or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00678-00174408-00174541 by ship all year round
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00679-00174542-00174797 all settlements have ports and longer
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00680-00174798-00175015 buin has a bus system Svalbard Airport
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00681-00175016-00175319 Longyear located 3 kilometres 2 miles
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00682-00175320-00175537 from longer buin is the only Airport
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00683-00175538-00175684 offering air transport off the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00684-00175685-00175987 archipelago Scandinavian Airlines has
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00685-00175988-00176203 daily scheduled services to tromsø and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00686-00176204-00176488 Oslo low-cost carrier Norwegian Air
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00687-00176489-00176732 Shuttle also has a service between Oslo
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00688-00176733-00176953 and Svalbard operating three or four
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00689-00176954-00177122 times a week there are also a regular
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00690-00177123-00177301 charter services to Russia
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00691-00177302-00177509 Finnair announced commencement of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00692-00177510-00177734 service from Helsinki operating three
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00693-00177735-00177932 times a week starting the 1st of June
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00694-00177933-00178216 2016 and lasting until the 27th of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00695-00178217-00178438 August 2016 but Norwegian authorities
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00696-00178439-00178757 did not allow this route citing the 1978
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00697-00178758-00178934 bilateral agreement on air traffic
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00698-00178935-00179191 between Finland and Norway left
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00699-00179192-00179404 transport provides regular corporate
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00700-00179405-00179633 charter services from longer buin to NY
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00701-00179634-00179870 ålesund airport and svea Airport for
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00702-00179871-00180095 Kings Bay and store norske these flights
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00703-00180096-00180269 are in general not available to the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00704-00180270-00180310 public
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00705-00180311-00180569 there are heliports in barentsburg and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00706-00180570-00180784 pyramiden and helicopters are frequently
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00707-00180785-00180968 used by the governor and to a lesser
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00708-00180969-00181679 extent the mining company arktikugol
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00709-00181680-00182178 topic climate
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00710-00182179-00182433 the climate of Svalbard is dominated by
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00711-00182434-00182607 its high latitude with the average
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00712-00182608-00182784 summer temperature at four to six
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00713-00182785-00183060 degrees Celsius 39 to 43 degrees
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00714-00183061-00183306 Fahrenheit and January averages at minus
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00715-00183307-00183615 16 to minus 12 degrees Celsius 3 to 10
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00716-00183616-00183903 degrees Fahrenheit the west Spitsbergen
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00717-00183904-00184083 current the northernmost branch of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00718-00184084-00184287 North Atlantic Current system moderate
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00719-00184288-00184509 Svalbard temperatures particularly
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00720-00184510-00184761 during winter winter temperatures in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00721-00184762-00185016 Svalbard are up to 2 degrees Celsius 4
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00722-00185017-00185205 degrees Fahrenheit higher than those at
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00723-00185206-00185399 similar latitudes in Russia and Canada
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00724-00185400-00185658 the warm Atlantic water keeps the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00725-00185659-00185862 surrounding waters open and navigable
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00726-00185863-00186123 most of the year the interior fjord
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00727-00186124-00186300 areas and valleys sheltered by the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00728-00186301-00186486 mountains have larger temperature
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00729-00186487-00186672 differences than the coasts giving about
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00730-00186673-00186918 2 degrees Celsius 4 degrees Fahrenheit
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00731-00186919-00187134 warmer summer temperatures and 3 degrees
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00732-00187135-00187386 Celsius 5 degrees Fahrenheit colder
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00733-00187387-00187632 winter temperatures on the south of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00734-00187633-00187821 Spitsbergen the temperature is slightly
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00735-00187822-00188009 higher than further north and west
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00736-00188010-00188268 during winter the temperature difference
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00737-00188269-00188496 between south and north is typically 5
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00738-00188497-00188754 degrees Celsius 9 degrees Fahrenheit and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00739-00188755-00188967 about 3 degrees Celsius 5 degrees
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00740-00188968-00189258 Fahrenheit in summer bear island has
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00741-00189259-00189453 average temperatures even higher than
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00742-00189454-00189687 the rest of the archipelago val barda's
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00743-00189688-00189879 where cold polar air from the north and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00744-00189880-00190071 mild wet sea air from the south meet
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00745-00190072-00190281 creating low-pressure changeable weather
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00746-00190282-00190503 and strong winds particularly in winter
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00747-00190504-00190769 in January a strong breeze is registered
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00748-00190770-00191058 17% of the time at is ford radio but
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00749-00191059-00191373 only 1% of the time in July in summer
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00750-00191374-00191601 particularly away from land fog is
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00751-00191602-00191775 common with visibility under one
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00752-00191776-00192141 kilometer 0.6 miles registered 20% of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00753-00192142-00192390 the time in July and 1% of the time in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00754-00192391-00192744 January at hope and in Bua precipitation
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00755-00192745-00192915 is frequent but falls in small
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00756-00192916-00193155 quantities typically less than 400
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00757-00193156-00193392 millimetres 16 in per year in western
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00758-00193393-00193641 Spitsbergen more rain falls on the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00759-00193642-00193833 uninhabited east side where there can be
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00760-00193834-00194124 more than 1,000 millimetres 39 in point
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00761-00194125-00194355 two zero one six was the warmest year on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00762-00194356-00194553 record at Svalbard Airport with a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00763-00194554-00194751 remarkable mean temperature of zero
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00764-00194752-00195048 point O degrees Celsius 30 2.0 degrees
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00765-00195049-00195420 Fahrenheit 7.5 degrees Celsius 13.5
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00766-00195421-00195543 degrees Fahrenheit
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00767-00195544-00195870 above the 1961 298 and more comparable
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00768-00195871-00196136 to a location at the Arctic Circle the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00769-00196137-00196325 coldest temperature of the year was as
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00770-00196326-00196589 high as minus 18 degrees Celsius zero
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00771-00196590-00196794 degrees Fahrenheit warmer than the mean
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00772-00196795-00197024 minimum in a normal January February or
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00773-00197025-00197291 March there was also the same number of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00774-00197292-00197504 days with rain falling as snow falling
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00775-00197505-00197651 when there are normally more than twice
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00776-00197652-00198274 as many snow days
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00777-00198275-00198774 topic nature
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00778-00198775-00199020 in addition to humans three primarily
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00779-00199021-00199251 terrestrial mammalian species inhabit
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00780-00199252-00199461 the archipelago the arctic fox the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00781-00199462-00199652 Svalbard reindeer and accidentally
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00782-00199653-00199824 introduced southern voles which are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00783-00199825-00200066 found only in grummond attempt to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00784-00200067-00200247 introduce the arctic hare and the musk
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00785-00200248-00200568 ox have both failed there are 15 to 20
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00786-00200569-00200753 types of marine mammals including whales
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00787-00200754-00201087 dolphins seals walruses and polar bears
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00788-00201088-00201318 polar bears are the iconic symbol of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00789-00201319-00201489 Svalbard and one of the main tourist
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00790-00201490-00201738 attractions the animals are protected
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00791-00201739-00201914 and people moving outside the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00792-00201915-00202059 settlements are required to have
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00793-00202060-00202251 appropriate scare devices to ward off
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00794-00202252-00202541 attacks they are also advised to carry a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00795-00202542-00202760 firearm for use as a last resort a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00796-00202761-00203013 british schoolboy was killed by a polar
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00797-00203014-00203424 bear in 2011 in July 2018 a polar bear
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00798-00203425-00203610 was shot dead after it attacked and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00799-00203611-00203781 injured a polar bear guard leading
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00800-00203782-00203927 tourists off a cruise ship
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00801-00203928-00204222 Svalbard and Franz Josef land share a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00802-00204223-00204479 common population of 3,000 polar bears
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00803-00204480-00204675 with Conn Carl's land being the most
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00804-00204676-00204948 important breeding ground the Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00805-00204948-00205208 reindeer are Teran display deer incus is
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00806-00205209-00205425 a distinct subspecies although it was
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00807-00205426-00205623 previously almost extinct it can be
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00808-00205623-00205892 legally hunted as can arctic fox there
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00809-00205894-00206084 are limited numbers of domesticated
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00810-00206085-00206382 animals in the Russian settlements about
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00811-00206383-00206604 30 species of bird are found on Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00812-00206605-00206912 most of which are migratory the barren
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00813-00206913-00207107 sea is among the areas in the world with
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00814-00207108-00207290 most seabirds with about 20 million
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00815-00207291-00207579 individuals during late summer the most
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00816-00207580-00207782 common are little acht more than foamer
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00817-00207783-00207951 thick-billed murre and blacklegged
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00818-00207952-00208313 Kittiwake 16 species are on the IUCN Red
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00819-00208314-00208644 List particularly boar Noah store feudin
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00820-00208644-00208841 Nord vest Spitsbergen and hope and are
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00821-00208842-00209017 important breeding ground for seabirds
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00822-00209019-00209277 the Arctic Tern has the farthest
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00823-00209278-00209582 migration all the way to Antarctica only
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00824-00209583-00209798 to songbirds migrate to Svalbard to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00825-00209800-00209973 breathe the snow bunting in the we dear
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00826-00209973-00210225 Rock ptarmigan is the only bird to
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00827-00210226-00210480 overwinter remains of predator x from
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00828-00210481-00210671 the Jurassic period have been found it
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00829-00210673-00210869 is the largest dinosaur era marine
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00830-00210871-00211116 reptile ever found a playa soar
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00831-00211117-00211338 estimated to have been almost 15 metres
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00832-00211339-00211757 49 feet long Svalbard has permafrost and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00833-00211758-00211941 tundra with both low middle and high
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00834-00211942-00212162 Arctic vegetation
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00835-00212163-00212450 165 species of plants have been found on
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00836-00212451-00212735 the archipelago only those areas which
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00837-00212736-00212954 defrost in the summer have vegetations
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00838-00212955-00213144 which accounts for about 10 percent of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00839-00213144-00213419 the archipelago vegetation is most
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00840-00213421-00213617 abundant in northern sealed land around
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00841-00213619-00213815 is Ferdinand we're affected by guano
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00842-00213816-00214017 while there is little precipitation
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00843-00214017-00214274 giving the archipelago a steppe climate
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00844-00214275-00214469 plants still have good access to water
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00845-00214471-00214652 because the cold climate reduces
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00846-00214653-00214910 evaporation the growing season is very
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00847-00214911-00215152 short and may last only a few weeks
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00848-00215153-00215412 there are seven national parks in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00849-00215413-00215648 Svalbard for land day in Dravida few
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00850-00215649-00215849 orden nordenskiöld land nor dry is
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00851-00215850-00216090 Fortin land Nord vest Spitsbergen SAS
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00852-00216091-00216296 and bunts a land and source Spitsbergen
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00853-00216298-00216639 the archipelago has 15 bird sanctuaries
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00854-00216640-00216917 1 gia topic protected area and 6 nature
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00855-00216919-00217194 reserves with Nord oust Svalbard and saw
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00856-00217194-00217389 roust Svalbard both being larger than
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00857-00217390-00217662 any of the national parks most of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00858-00217663-00217812 nature reserves and three of the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00859-00217813-00218126 national parks were created in 1973 with
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00860-00218127-00218313 the remaining areas gaining protection
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00861-00218314-00218627 in the 2000s all human traces dating
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00862-00218628-00218862 from before 1946 are automatically
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00863-00218863-00219216 protected the protected areas make up 65
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00864-00219217-00219479 percent of the archipelago spell barda's
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00865-00219480-00219635 on Norway's tentative list for
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00866-00219636-00219809 nomination as a UNESCO World Heritage
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00867-00219810-00220191 Site the total solar eclipse of the 20th
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00868-00220192-00220491 of March 2015 included only Svalbard and
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00869-00220492-00220638 the Faroe Islands in the band of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00870-00220639-00220941 totality many scientists and tourists
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00871-00220942-00221467 observed it
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00872-00221469-00221833 topic education
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00873-00221834-00221996 you
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00874-00221996-00222287 longer buin school serves ages 6 to 18
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00875-00222288-00222569 it is the primary secondary school in
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00876-00222569-00222817 the northernmost location on earth once
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00877-00222819-00223136 pupils reach ages 16 or 17 most families
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00878-00223137-00223436 moved to mainland Norway Barentsburg has
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00879-00223437-00223601 its own school serving the Russian
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00880-00223602-00223871 community by 2014 it had three teachers
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00881-00223871-00224104 and it's welfare funds had declined a
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00882-00224105-00224354 primary school served the community of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00883-00224355-00224644 Pyramiden in the pre-1998 period there
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00884-00224646-00224828 is a non-degree offering tertiary
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00885-00224829-00225059 educational institution in longer buin
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00886-00225060-00225329 University Centre in Svalbard unis the
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00887-00225330-00225485 tertiary school in the northernmost
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00888-00225486-00226101 location on earth
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00889-00226102-00226401 topic see also
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00890-00226402-00226633 you
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00891-00226634-00227046 Svalbard portal agriculture in Svalbard
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00892-00227047-00227564 cape amsterdam outline of Svalbard val
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00893-00227565-00227682 bard in fiction
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00894-00227683-00228070 Svalbard and January Mayan list of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00895-00228071-00228352 islands of Norway list of islands of
+H8IIrHmsp2Y-00896-00228353-00228644 Norway by area
+Hq39ueK67lY-00000-00000131-00000386 hello traders its mi trader here welcome
+Hq39ueK67lY-00001-00000387-00000566 to this training session it's not going
+Hq39ueK67lY-00002-00000567-00000734 to be a long recording but I wanted to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00003-00000735-00000928 answer a number of questions that I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00004-00000930-00001150 receive almost daily about trading
+Hq39ueK67lY-00005-00001151-00001399 divergence which is of course also known
+Hq39ueK67lY-00006-00001400-00001634 as counter trend trading it's something
+Hq39ueK67lY-00007-00001635-00001880 that virtually every trader wants to do
+Hq39ueK67lY-00008-00001880-00002120 is pick bottoms and pick tops and jump
+Hq39ueK67lY-00009-00002121-00002293 on divergence trading but it's also in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00010-00002294-00002546 an area of it makes it very very easy to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00011-00002547-00002747 lose money and I'm going to really show
+Hq39ueK67lY-00012-00002748-00002945 you the right way in the wrong way of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00013-00002946-00003211 trading divergence so with that being
+Hq39ueK67lY-00014-00003213-00003353 said a couple of things I want to cover
+Hq39ueK67lY-00015-00003354-00003856 before we get underway first of all I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00016-00003857-00004063 need to of course put up to you risk
+Hq39ueK67lY-00017-00004064-00004322 disclaimer there is a risk in trading if
+Hq39ueK67lY-00018-00004323-00004511 you haven't watched one of my recordings
+Hq39ueK67lY-00019-00004512-00004718 or read my respect split disclaimers let
+Hq39ueK67lY-00020-00004719-00004850 me get this out right chef risk
+Hq39ueK67lY-00021-00004851-00005059 disclaimer please take the time in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00022-00005060-00005441 reading the disclaimer also we will be
+Hq39ueK67lY-00023-00005442-00005636 going to some charts in a moment so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00024-00005637-00005861 bottom right-hand corner if you click on
+Hq39ueK67lY-00025-00005862-00006226 that you'll be able to go to full screen
+Hq39ueK67lY-00026-00006227-00006638 so I'm going to be covering how to trade
+Hq39ueK67lY-00027-00006639-00006827 - virgin so we're giving you a whole lot
+Hq39ueK67lY-00028-00006828-00006983 of tips and ideas so I recommend if
+Hq39ueK67lY-00029-00006984-00007231 you've got a notebook handy and a pen
+Hq39ueK67lY-00030-00007233-00007423 that lets make a little easier but
+Hq39ueK67lY-00031-00007425-00007723 before we do get under underway we're
+Hq39ueK67lY-00032-00007725-00007909 talking about the trades itself I just
+Hq39ueK67lY-00033-00007911-00008080 want to give a very very quick
+Hq39ueK67lY-00034-00008081-00008273 advertisement first of all if you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00035-00008274-00008449 haven't subscribed to my youtube channel
+Hq39ueK67lY-00036-00008450-00008749 please do if you haven't got my free
+Hq39ueK67lY-00037-00008750-00008945 e-books I now have a an e-book on
+Hq39ueK67lY-00038-00008946-00009199 mastering day trading the truth about
+Hq39ueK67lY-00039-00009200-00009353 day trading so I've got a couple of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00040-00009354-00009596 ebooks you can go straight to my website
+Hq39ueK67lY-00041-00009597-00009874 to request those and very very important
+Hq39ueK67lY-00042-00009875-00010163 is that my program the day traders fast
+Hq39ueK67lY-00043-00010164-00010520 track program I now provide indicators
+Hq39ueK67lY-00044-00010521-00010717 for tradestation ninjatrader seven ninja
+Hq39ueK67lY-00045-00010718-00010924 trader eight mc4 or thinkorswim are all
+Hq39ueK67lY-00046-00010925-00011294 included within the 197 there is no
+Hq39ueK67lY-00047-00011295-00011462 upsell you're not going to get a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00048-00011463-00011684 telephone call from a telemarketer etc
+Hq39ueK67lY-00049-00011685-00011896 but I want to make a very very important
+Hq39ueK67lY-00050-00011897-00012131 announcement and for new members or even
+Hq39ueK67lY-00051-00012132-00012320 current members watching this you'll
+Hq39ueK67lY-00052-00012321-00012488 also be included just drop me an email
+Hq39ueK67lY-00053-00012489-00012698 and we'll make sure you get the passes
+Hq39ueK67lY-00054-00012699-00012983 for this now new and new traders suffer
+Hq39ueK67lY-00055-00012984-00013202 from what I call confused knowledge that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00056-00013203-00013372 is you get bombarded
+Hq39ueK67lY-00057-00013372-00013525 so much information out there about day
+Hq39ueK67lY-00058-00013526-00013849 trading we're always studying reading
+Hq39ueK67lY-00059-00013850-00013938 that is the most
+Hq39ueK67lY-00060-00013940-00014278 I suppose the those traders that with a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00061-00014279-00014443 passion for trading always studying
+Hq39ueK67lY-00062-00014444-00014677 ideas and strategies but if it they get
+Hq39ueK67lY-00063-00014678-00015072 very confused but also when you invest
+Hq39ueK67lY-00064-00015073-00015222 in the day traders fast track program
+Hq39ueK67lY-00065-00015223-00015577 that also can be a common problem that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00066-00015578-00015861 is in my program as as you're aware or
+Hq39ueK67lY-00067-00015862-00016113 if 50 not aware you're about to find out
+Hq39ueK67lY-00068-00016115-00016350 there are dozens of videos in my program
+Hq39ueK67lY-00069-00016351-00016761 and I want to truly fast track your
+Hq39ueK67lY-00070-00016762-00016980 success as a trader so what I'm now
+Hq39ueK67lY-00071-00016981-00017266 doing for every new member that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00072-00017267-00017458 purchases the day traders fast-track
+Hq39ueK67lY-00073-00017459-00017740 program are now presenting either myself
+Hq39ueK67lY-00074-00017741-00018178 or John for live one our webinars over
+Hq39ueK67lY-00075-00018179-00018330 two weeks where you can watch and listen
+Hq39ueK67lY-00076-00018331-00018759 as we explain in detail our trade setups
+Hq39ueK67lY-00077-00018760-00019074 because traders we have the world's best
+Hq39ueK67lY-00078-00019075-00019444 strategies and I promise you that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00079-00019445-00019575 because I've been researching this
+Hq39ueK67lY-00080-00019576-00019908 business for years so what I'm now doing
+Hq39ueK67lY-00081-00019909-00020275 is presenting over two weeks four live
+Hq39ueK67lY-00082-00020276-00020505 webinars were you able to log in watch
+Hq39ueK67lY-00083-00020506-00020800 listen and ask questions that is you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00084-00020801-00020992 can't talk back to us because we're
+Hq39ueK67lY-00085-00020993-00021196 presenting the webinars but you can type
+Hq39ueK67lY-00086-00021197-00021424 in the chat box your questions what this
+Hq39ueK67lY-00087-00021425-00021733 means to you is we can truly fast track
+Hq39ueK67lY-00088-00021734-00021912 you and put you on the fast track with
+Hq39ueK67lY-00089-00021913-00022206 my most popular setups now in my program
+Hq39ueK67lY-00090-00022207-00022359 this is just a short list there are now
+Hq39ueK67lY-00091-00022360-00022747 over 200 videos now don't feel
+Hq39ueK67lY-00092-00022748-00022903 overwhelmed but this is where a lot of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00093-00022904-00023187 traders do initially feel overwhelmed so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00094-00023188-00023497 the purpose of the for one hours is to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00095-00023498-00023664 put you on the fast track that's okay
+Hq39ueK67lY-00096-00023665-00023940 here are our top set ups here of a top
+Hq39ueK67lY-00097-00023941-00024208 four or five setups to focus on here's
+Hq39ueK67lY-00098-00024209-00024397 how they work to controlling questions
+Hq39ueK67lY-00099-00024398-00024586 as much as they're already covered in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00100-00024587-00024808 videos just allows you to get to them
+Hq39ueK67lY-00101-00024809-00025030 very very quickly and makes life a lot
+Hq39ueK67lY-00102-00025031-00025146 easier and we're going to be covering
+Hq39ueK67lY-00103-00025147-00025399 things such as whatever right done which
+Hq39ueK67lY-00104-00025400-00025725 of which trading platforms you use what
+Hq39ueK67lY-00105-00025726-00025939 time frames which markets and a whole
+Hq39ueK67lY-00106-00025939-00026305 lot more over for live sessions we'll
+Hq39ueK67lY-00107-00026306-00026502 also be discussing my Google Drive and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00108-00026503-00026710 this is an old shot here but we've got
+Hq39ueK67lY-00109-00026711-00026741 by
+Hq39ueK67lY-00110-00026742-00027058 basically dozens of e-books uploaded
+Hq39ueK67lY-00111-00027060-00027380 charts recordings powerpoints
+Hq39ueK67lY-00112-00027381-00027641 I mean traders it truly is the world's
+Hq39ueK67lY-00113-00027642-00028061 most comprehensive program for active
+Hq39ueK67lY-00114-00028062-00028327 day and swing traders that's all
+Hq39ueK67lY-00115-00028329-00028526 involved it's all included in the day
+Hq39ueK67lY-00116-00028527-00028736 traders fast track program which is only
+Hq39ueK67lY-00117-00028737-00029045 197 dollars and you get the live
+Hq39ueK67lY-00118-00029045-00029297 webinars so that's the end of the ad so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00119-00029298-00029657 let's now get into it one last thing I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00120-00029658-00029960 want to say these sessions are for both
+Hq39ueK67lY-00121-00029961-00030260 our very educational their learn to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00122-00030261-00030407 trade sessions if the beginners
+Hq39ueK67lY-00123-00030408-00030595 intermediate and advanced traders so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00124-00030597-00030899 over 70% of my traders at work with me
+Hq39ueK67lY-00125-00030900-00031100 our advanced traders the whole idea
+Hq39ueK67lY-00126-00031101-00031364 traders are that in at least two of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00127-00031364-00031517 those sessions we spend the whole time
+Hq39ueK67lY-00128-00031518-00031889 just going through live examples of the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00129-00031889-00032052 setup so it's really designed to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00130-00032054-00032444 fast-track you now let's now get to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00131-00032445-00032882 trading divergence now with traders one
+Hq39ueK67lY-00132-00032883-00033044 of the greatest challenges with traders
+Hq39ueK67lY-00133-00033045-00033308 is that we we want to be hunters we want
+Hq39ueK67lY-00134-00033309-00033530 to go and hunt the set up while trading
+Hq39ueK67lY-00135-00033531-00033713 divergence we need to wait for it to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00136-00033714-00033977 come to us and you need to be very picky
+Hq39ueK67lY-00137-00033978-00034304 you need to be very patient you need to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00138-00034305-00034640 be what I call a sniper a sniper lays in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00139-00034641-00034940 wait and it's very very easy to be what
+Hq39ueK67lY-00140-00034941-00035189 I call smashed or hammered when you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00141-00035190-00035411 trade divergence so I want to run
+Hq39ueK67lY-00142-00035412-00035612 through some examples but here's a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00143-00035613-00035759 couple of things I'd like you to write
+Hq39ueK67lY-00144-00035760-00035939 down now I'm not going to turn this into
+Hq39ueK67lY-00145-00035940-00036203 a great big session this is covered very
+Hq39ueK67lY-00146-00036204-00036401 very comprehensively in my program but
+Hq39ueK67lY-00147-00036402-00036653 please write this down number one do you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00148-00036654-00036887 have angulation and I'm going to cover
+Hq39ueK67lY-00149-00036888-00037034 that in a moment but I want you to write
+Hq39ueK67lY-00150-00037035-00037328 these down do you have a bubble please
+Hq39ueK67lY-00151-00037329-00037565 write that down do I have a bubble so do
+Hq39ueK67lY-00152-00037566-00037856 I have angulation do I have a bubble do
+Hq39ueK67lY-00153-00037857-00038396 I have a pivot bounce number four have I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00154-00038397-00038651 got room to move to the major
+Hq39ueK67lY-00155-00038652-00038996 EMAS and you'll see that in a moment am
+Hq39ueK67lY-00156-00038997-00039347 i in a channel now we know that when
+Hq39ueK67lY-00157-00039348-00039509 you're trading channels you want to sell
+Hq39ueK67lY-00158-00039510-00039758 the highs by the lows but if you're in a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00159-00039759-00040031 channel trade is it's very easy to be
+Hq39ueK67lY-00160-00040032-00040097 Hamid if you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00161-00040098-00040481 or divergence trading now the other
+Hq39ueK67lY-00162-00040482-00040730 thing is our do I have two hills and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00163-00040731-00041030 I'll explain what that is in a moment so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00164-00041031-00041312 forth first of all traders 87 is a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00165-00041313-00041513 double top or double bottom when you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00166-00041514-00041807 have a double top or double bottom with
+Hq39ueK67lY-00167-00041808-00042110 the trend or counter trend there really
+Hq39ueK67lY-00168-00042111-00042353 adds to the chances of your trade coming
+Hq39ueK67lY-00169-00042354-00042734 off as you're about to see so we have in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00170-00042735-00042956 our program we've really got the three
+Hq39ueK67lY-00171-00042957-00043169 main set up to one mechana trend trading
+Hq39ueK67lY-00172-00043170-00043595 but III the t19 and the t89 and all of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00173-00043596-00043790 that really is combined with divergence
+Hq39ueK67lY-00174-00043791-00044054 and as we go through this I'll show you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00175-00044055-00044248 some example the greater the angulation
+Hq39ueK67lY-00176-00044249-00044606 that is the steeper you see price action
+Hq39ueK67lY-00177-00044607-00045002 moving away from your EMA's the from the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00178-00045003-00045218 major EMA's the better the chances of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00179-00045219-00045518 your trade coming off now what I'm about
+Hq39ueK67lY-00180-00045519-00045770 to show you here works on all markets
+Hq39ueK67lY-00181-00045771-00046004 and basically all timeframes and please
+Hq39ueK67lY-00182-00046005-00046220 remember that the low of a time frame
+Hq39ueK67lY-00183-00046221-00046408 you do have what I call more noise you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00184-00046409-00046844 will have more false signals however of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00185-00046845-00047150 course as Bay traders we use lower
+Hq39ueK67lY-00186-00047151-00047261 timeframes now in this particular
+Hq39ueK67lY-00187-00047262-00047438 example we're looking at we're looking
+Hq39ueK67lY-00188-00047439-00047870 at the N Q 144 tick chart so we're
+Hq39ueK67lY-00189-00047871-00048185 looking at the NQ 144 so what we're
+Hq39ueK67lY-00190-00048186-00048347 going to do is quickly draw a pace in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00191-00048348-00048491 the trendline so what we can see is a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00192-00048492-00048830 big sell-off here now in our course is
+Hq39ueK67lY-00193-00048831-00049070 we call this a t3 alright when you get a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00194-00049071-00049433 big drop like this and what I like to do
+Hq39ueK67lY-00195-00049434-00049667 here is and it's not exactly on the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00196-00049668-00049865 bottom is I always like to have my stop
+Hq39ueK67lY-00197-00049866-00050210 two ticks below a swing low or above if
+Hq39ueK67lY-00198-00050211-00050459 that was a swing high above there or
+Hq39ueK67lY-00199-00050460-00050711 below in this particular case I'm not
+Hq39ueK67lY-00200-00050712-00050837 going to measure it such doesn't really
+Hq39ueK67lY-00201-00050838-00051014 matter but what we've got here is a fall
+Hq39ueK67lY-00202-00051015-00051480 away for a t3 it then failed as a direct
+Hq39ueK67lY-00203-00051482-00051788 follow-through and then we form what we
+Hq39ueK67lY-00204-00051789-00051938 call a double bottom now a double bottom
+Hq39ueK67lY-00205-00051939-00052103 or a double top by the way and here's a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00206-00052104-00052366 little double top here can be within two
+Hq39ueK67lY-00207-00052367-00052579 ticks walks like a dark acts like a duck
+Hq39ueK67lY-00208-00052580-00052799 quacks like a duck it's a duck okay so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00209-00052800-00053012 if it's within two ticks it's a double
+Hq39ueK67lY-00210-00053013-00053230 top so we're going to double bottom
+Hq39ueK67lY-00211-00053232-00053411 formation and this is what we've got
+Hq39ueK67lY-00212-00053412-00053526 we've got two virgin
+Hq39ueK67lY-00213-00053527-00053862 here on our Mac T so we can see we've
+Hq39ueK67lY-00214-00053863-00054138 got two virgins and we've got a double
+Hq39ueK67lY-00215-00054139-00054504 bottom right this is a big tick towards
+Hq39ueK67lY-00216-00054504-00054720 you'll trade coming off and you also
+Hq39ueK67lY-00217-00054721-00054975 have what I call angulation so what
+Hq39ueK67lY-00218-00054976-00055233 exactly is angulation angulation is when
+Hq39ueK67lY-00219-00055234-00055671 you see price action moving well away
+Hq39ueK67lY-00220-00055672-00055892 you've got an angle price action has
+Hq39ueK67lY-00221-00055894-00056124 moved away at an angle from your major
+Hq39ueK67lY-00222-00056125-00056589 enas okay now the next thing when you do
+Hq39ueK67lY-00223-00056590-00056841 have your entry you want to be checking
+Hq39ueK67lY-00224-00056841-00057111 out how much distance do I have to my
+Hq39ueK67lY-00225-00057112-00057471 major EMA's right because these further
+Hq39ueK67lY-00226-00057472-00057680 away from your major rnase it is the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00227-00057682-00057891 greater the angle the greater the profit
+Hq39ueK67lY-00228-00057891-00058125 potential and the more like you are to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00229-00058126-00058416 have what I call follow-through so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00230-00058416-00058616 you've got two virgins here we've got
+Hq39ueK67lY-00231-00058617-00058833 plenty of room head of a mage's which
+Hq39ueK67lY-00232-00058834-00059155 are really which you're up here 89 am i
+Hq39ueK67lY-00233-00059157-00059499 220 of room so that really dumb ticks
+Hq39ueK67lY-00234-00059500-00059958 all the boxes as a counter trend or a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00235-00059959-00060162 divergence trade but one thing i do want
+Hq39ueK67lY-00236-00060163-00060414 to mention here is this notice here that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00237-00060415-00060816 I now have divergence in the direction
+Hq39ueK67lY-00238-00060816-00061227 of my higher time frame now we want to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00239-00061228-00061367 ignore the first one because what I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00240-00061369-00061758 mentioned earlier what I call two Hills
+Hq39ueK67lY-00241-00061759-00062034 to Hill so this is one Hill and this is
+Hq39ueK67lY-00242-00062035-00062289 two Hill so it's just a term I've coined
+Hq39ueK67lY-00243-00062290-00062595 over the years one Hill Goes Down and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00244-00062596-00062832 forms another hill so in this particular
+Hq39ueK67lY-00245-00062833-00063079 case we can see here that we've got a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00246-00063080-00063408 higher high on price and we have a lower
+Hq39ueK67lY-00247-00063409-00063866 high on our divergence indicator so we
+Hq39ueK67lY-00248-00063867-00064101 actually could have entered up at this
+Hq39ueK67lY-00249-00064102-00064347 point here however one thing you want to
+Hq39ueK67lY-00250-00064348-00064599 be aware of when you have really deep
+Hq39ueK67lY-00251-00064600-00064920 pullbacks to your 200 quite often a lot
+Hq39ueK67lY-00252-00064921-00065184 of these change trend direction now in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00253-00065185-00065370 this particular case you actually it
+Hq39ueK67lY-00254-00065371-00065541 actually paid off for a few ticks
+Hq39ueK67lY-00255-00065542-00065856 bounced up and then formed a nice little
+Hq39ueK67lY-00256-00065857-00066132 t7 a little double top there then it
+Hq39ueK67lY-00257-00066133-00066384 sell away very nicely thank you very
+Hq39ueK67lY-00258-00066385-00066756 much now we then had price fell away and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00259-00066757-00066874 we have divergence
+Hq39ueK67lY-00260-00066875-00067174 up again now my divergence indicator is
+Hq39ueK67lY-00261-00067175-00067345 very sensitive and you can see here I've
+Hq39ueK67lY-00262-00067346-00067603 got two little Hills so we can see here
+Hq39ueK67lY-00263-00067604-00067870 price come down pulled up we had a bit
+Hq39ueK67lY-00264-00067871-00068101 of a bounce then it fell away again and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00265-00068102-00068365 we had two Hills form we actually have
+Hq39ueK67lY-00266-00068366-00068758 an entry right there once we close above
+Hq39ueK67lY-00267-00068759-00069046 our EMA what I call the trigger line we
+Hq39ueK67lY-00268-00069047-00069313 have an entry then we went up there we
+Hq39ueK67lY-00269-00069314-00069646 bounced off the major EMA so you had
+Hq39ueK67lY-00270-00069647-00069871 probably about eight to ten ticks of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00271-00069872-00070066 profit potential and media profit
+Hq39ueK67lY-00272-00070067-00070324 potential there before you bounce now
+Hq39ueK67lY-00273-00070325-00070750 what we then had was formed was a t7 a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00274-00070751-00071059 nice little double bottom so yes you've
+Hq39ueK67lY-00275-00071060-00071215 got a bit of a tail here that doesn't
+Hq39ueK67lY-00276-00071216-00071497 matter so twice actions come up come
+Hq39ueK67lY-00277-00071498-00071758 down and if we draw it across here this
+Hq39ueK67lY-00278-00071759-00072070 is what I call a big picture divergence
+Hq39ueK67lY-00279-00072071-00072265 so you've now formed and sorry it's not
+Hq39ueK67lY-00280-00072266-00072475 exactly squared that's nice but it's
+Hq39ueK67lY-00281-00072476-00072721 come down and I'm waiting for a close
+Hq39ueK67lY-00282-00072722-00072898 and if you want to really confirm the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00283-00072899-00073087 trade you want to wait for a close above
+Hq39ueK67lY-00284-00073088-00073444 the trigger line which is right there so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00285-00073445-00073723 here are a couple of examples so one let
+Hq39ueK67lY-00286-00073724-00073891 me just go back to some of the rules do
+Hq39ueK67lY-00287-00073892-00073987 I have angulation
+Hq39ueK67lY-00288-00073988-00074221 and you can see prices steeply angled
+Hq39ueK67lY-00289-00074222-00074695 away from the major EMA's this is what I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00290-00074696-00075070 also call a bubble so our angulation and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00291-00075071-00075244 de set bubble this it looks like a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00292-00075245-00075511 bubble it does to me anyway that's why I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00293-00075512-00075817 call it it's a bubble formation do I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00294-00075818-00076087 have a pivot bounce now you feel trading
+Hq39ueK67lY-00295-00076088-00076257 with floor pivots you'll quite often see
+Hq39ueK67lY-00296-00076258-00076480 divergence trades at payoff really well
+Hq39ueK67lY-00297-00076481-00076798 that come off pivots that adds an extra
+Hq39ueK67lY-00298-00076799-00077320 probably a 10% addition to your trade
+Hq39ueK67lY-00299-00077321-00077509 coming off successfully so watch for
+Hq39ueK67lY-00300-00077510-00077922 divergence trades against major EMA's or
+Hq39ueK67lY-00301-00077923-00078268 against pivots the next question do I
+Hq39ueK67lY-00302-00078269-00078484 have room to move to the EMAs now if
+Hq39ueK67lY-00303-00078485-00078685 you're trading multiple contracts you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00304-00078686-00078967 may choose to then pull half of them off
+Hq39ueK67lY-00305-00078968-00079240 there maybe let the rest are run you get
+Hq39ueK67lY-00306-00079241-00079435 a decent pullback your stock should have
+Hq39ueK67lY-00307-00079436-00079630 been somewhere down here and then it
+Hq39ueK67lY-00308-00079631-00079960 took off to the upside so remember that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00309-00079961-00080152 usually you'll get a bounce as we did
+Hq39ueK67lY-00310-00080153-00080239 over here
+Hq39ueK67lY-00311-00080240-00080416 and we did here and we did here on the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00312-00080417-00080851 major EMA's do you have two hills well
+Hq39ueK67lY-00313-00080852-00080995 it's very hard to see but you actually
+Hq39ueK67lY-00314-00080996-00081274 had a little too hill they're not a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00315-00081275-00081448 perfect setup here you've got definitely
+Hq39ueK67lY-00316-00081449-00081679 got two hills let me just show you a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00317-00081680-00081957 couple of other examples perhaps okay
+Hq39ueK67lY-00318-00081958-00082324 here we've got an example where you've
+Hq39ueK67lY-00319-00082325-00082654 got it angling away it's not perfect but
+Hq39ueK67lY-00320-00082655-00082873 you do definitely have a higher higher
+Hq39ueK67lY-00321-00082874-00083155 price so very important here that you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00322-00083156-00083554 can see here that our MACD is sloping
+Hq39ueK67lY-00323-00083555-00083791 down we've got our higher high on price
+Hq39ueK67lY-00324-00083792-00084064 now I mentioned earlier channels this is
+Hq39ueK67lY-00325-00084065-00084214 where you've got to be very very careful
+Hq39ueK67lY-00326-00084215-00084541 that that you've got definite angulation
+Hq39ueK67lY-00327-00084542-00084718 and bubbles because what will happen in
+Hq39ueK67lY-00328-00084719-00084979 a very very strong trend you'll get
+Hq39ueK67lY-00329-00084980-00085357 these divergence indications setting up
+Hq39ueK67lY-00330-00085358-00085672 that is divergence on your Mac D etc but
+Hq39ueK67lY-00331-00085673-00085900 price just pulls back and continues
+Hq39ueK67lY-00332-00085901-00086134 price pulls back then continues so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00333-00086135-00086301 you've got to make sure that you don't
+Hq39ueK67lY-00334-00086302-00086686 or you're not trading in a channel so
+Hq39ueK67lY-00335-00086687-00086875 what we've got let me just show you one
+Hq39ueK67lY-00336-00086876-00087132 more example here you can see here that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00337-00087133-00087535 we've got two hills one - we've got a
+Hq39ueK67lY-00338-00087536-00087799 lower low our entries on the close above
+Hq39ueK67lY-00339-00087800-00088024 the trigger line we've come up here
+Hq39ueK67lY-00340-00088025-00088291 we've had a turn then we had a nother
+Hq39ueK67lY-00341-00088292-00088573 divergence trade setup not great
+Hq39ueK67lY-00342-00088574-00088759 divergence in this sense but we did have
+Hq39ueK67lY-00343-00088760-00089023 lower price very rarely is it exactly
+Hq39ueK67lY-00344-00089024-00089209 perfect traders but we can see here we
+Hq39ueK67lY-00345-00089210-00089368 would have entered our trade over the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00346-00089369-00089731 trigger line and away we go so it
+Hq39ueK67lY-00347-00089732-00089919 doesn't matter if I have told you this
+Hq39ueK67lY-00348-00089920-00090223 is CL or this was the es or this was um
+Hq39ueK67lY-00349-00090224-00090568 a major stock you go back and you'd
+Hq39ueK67lY-00350-00090569-00090769 accept it because C formations are
+Hq39ueK67lY-00351-00090770-00091068 basically exactly the same on every
+Hq39ueK67lY-00352-00091069-00091390 market now what I recommend traders is
+Hq39ueK67lY-00353-00091391-00091597 that you go back and you spend time and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00354-00091598-00092094 you mark up 100 divergence trades on the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00355-00092095-00092260 favour on your favorite market whether
+Hq39ueK67lY-00356-00092261-00092494 you're a day trader or whether you're
+Hq39ueK67lY-00357-00092495-00092682 more of a swing trader divergence
+Hq39ueK67lY-00358-00092683-00092896 trading works but you've got to be very
+Hq39ueK67lY-00359-00092897-00093298 very picky with your entries that is you
+Hq39ueK67lY-00360-00093299-00093432 definitely want to meet those rules
+Hq39ueK67lY-00361-00093433-00093617 angulation the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00362-00093618-00093917 you want to have room to move to the
+Hq39ueK67lY-00363-00093918-00094106 major image you want to make sure that
+Hq39ueK67lY-00364-00094107-00094412 you're not in a tight channel very very
+Hq39ueK67lY-00365-00094413-00094613 important so thank you traders I hope
+Hq39ueK67lY-00366-00094614-00094805 there's some ideas here just remember
+Hq39ueK67lY-00367-00094806-00095057 now with my traders fast-track program
+Hq39ueK67lY-00368-00095058-00095345 of a four live webinars and also of
+Hq39ueK67lY-00369-00095346-00095603 course you can join our educational live
+Hq39ueK67lY-00370-00095604-00095897 trading rooms that runs from 7:30 a.m.
+Hq39ueK67lY-00371-00095898-00096139 Eastern Standard times through to midday
+Hq39ueK67lY-00372-00096140-00096452 Eastern Standard Time so thank you very
+Hq39ueK67lY-00373-00096453-00096701 much traders and I'll see you on my next
+Hq39ueK67lY-00374-00096702-00097079 recording please subscribe and go and
+Hq39ueK67lY-00375-00097080-00097352 request my ebooks
+HqlLt82irP8-00000-00000104-00000327 the kosovo war was an armed conflict in
+HqlLt82irP8-00001-00000328-00000543 kosovo that started in late february
+HqlLt82irP8-00002-00000544-00000831 1998 and lasted until the 11th of june
+HqlLt82irP8-00003-00000832-00000999 1999.
+HqlLt82irP8-00004-00001000-00001150 it was thought by the forces of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00005-00001151-00001374 federal republic of yugoslavia by this
+HqlLt82irP8-00006-00001375-00001558 time consisting of the republics of
+HqlLt82irP8-00007-00001559-00001767 montenegro and serbia which controlled
+HqlLt82irP8-00008-00001768-00001939 kosovo before the war and the
+HqlLt82irP8-00009-00001939-00002167 kosovo-albanian rebel group known as the
+HqlLt82irP8-00010-00002168-00002423 kosovo liberation army kla with air
+HqlLt82irP8-00011-00002424-00002615 support from the north atlantic treaty
+HqlLt82irP8-00012-00002616-00002902 organization nato from the 24th of march
+HqlLt82irP8-00013-00002903-00003134 1999 and ground support from the
+HqlLt82irP8-00014-00003135-00003470 albanian army the kla formed in 1991
+HqlLt82irP8-00015-00003471-00003759 initiated its first campaign in 1995
+HqlLt82irP8-00016-00003760-00003927 when it launched attacks targeting
+HqlLt82irP8-00017-00003928-00004167 serbian law enforcement in kosovo and in
+HqlLt82irP8-00018-00004168-00004383 june 1996 the group claimed
+HqlLt82irP8-00019-00004384-00004606 responsibility for acts of sabotage
+HqlLt82irP8-00020-00004607-00004863 targeting kosovo police stations
+HqlLt82irP8-00021-00004864-00005151 in 1997 the organization acquired a
+HqlLt82irP8-00022-00005152-00005335 large amount of arms through weapons
+HqlLt82irP8-00023-00005336-00005511 smuggling from albania following a
+HqlLt82irP8-00024-00005512-00005702 rebellion which saw large numbers of
+HqlLt82irP8-00025-00005703-00005895 weapons looted from the country's police
+HqlLt82irP8-00026-00005896-00006070 and army posts
+HqlLt82irP8-00027-00006071-00006414 in 1998 kla attacks targeting yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-00028-00006415-00006623 authorities in kosovo resulted in an
+HqlLt82irP8-00029-00006623-00006751 increased presence of serb
+HqlLt82irP8-00030-00006752-00006975 paramilitaries and regular forces who
+HqlLt82irP8-00031-00006976-00007175 subsequently began pursuing a campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-00032-00007176-00007383 of retribution targeting kla
+HqlLt82irP8-00033-00007384-00007583 sympathizers and political opponents in
+HqlLt82irP8-00034-00007584-00007887 a drive which killed 1500 to 2000
+HqlLt82irP8-00035-00007888-00008159 civilians and kla combatants
+HqlLt82irP8-00036-00008159-00008383 after attempts at a diplomatic solution
+HqlLt82irP8-00037-00008384-00008614 failed nato intervened justifying the
+HqlLt82irP8-00038-00008615-00008999 campaign in kosovo as a humanitarian war
+HqlLt82irP8-00039-00009000-00009206 this precipitated a mass expulsion of
+HqlLt82irP8-00040-00009207-00009478 kosovar albanians as the yugoslav forces
+HqlLt82irP8-00041-00009479-00009639 continued to fight during the aerial
+HqlLt82irP8-00042-00009640-00009871 bombardment of yugoslavia march to june
+HqlLt82irP8-00043-00009872-00010046 1999.
+HqlLt82irP8-00044-00010047-00010319 by 2000 investigations had recovered the
+HqlLt82irP8-00045-00010320-00010567 remains of almost 3 000 victims of all
+HqlLt82irP8-00046-00010568-00010855 ethnicities and in 2001 a united nations
+HqlLt82irP8-00047-00010856-00011055 administered supreme court based in
+HqlLt82irP8-00048-00011056-00011271 kosovo found that there had been a
+HqlLt82irP8-00049-00011272-00011535 systematic campaign of terror including
+HqlLt82irP8-00050-00011536-00011767 murders rapes awesomes and severe
+HqlLt82irP8-00051-00011768-00011951 maltreatments
+HqlLt82irP8-00052-00011952-00012142 but that yugoslav troops had tried to
+HqlLt82irP8-00053-00012143-00012310 remove rather than eradicate the
+HqlLt82irP8-00054-00012311-00012535 albanian population the war ended with
+HqlLt82irP8-00055-00012536-00012759 the komonovo treaty with yugoslav and
+HqlLt82irP8-00056-00012760-00012943 serb forces agreeing to withdraw from
+HqlLt82irP8-00057-00012944-00013151 kosovo to make way for an international
+HqlLt82irP8-00058-00013152-00013271 presence
+HqlLt82irP8-00059-00013272-00013503 the kosovo liberation army disbanded
+HqlLt82irP8-00060-00013504-00013703 soon after this with some of its members
+HqlLt82irP8-00061-00013704-00013911 going on to fight for the ucpmb in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00062-00013912-00014111 presevo valley and others joining the
+HqlLt82irP8-00063-00014112-00014335 national liberation army nla and
+HqlLt82irP8-00064-00014336-00014558 albanian national army anna during the
+HqlLt82irP8-00065-00014559-00014791 armed ethnic conflict in macedonia while
+HqlLt82irP8-00066-00014791-00015063 others went on to form the kosovo police
+HqlLt82irP8-00067-00015063-00015279 after the war a list was compiled which
+HqlLt82irP8-00068-00015280-00015607 documented that 13517
+HqlLt82irP8-00069-00015608-00015758 were killed or went missing during the
+HqlLt82irP8-00070-00015759-00015879 conflict
+HqlLt82irP8-00071-00015880-00016119 the yugoslav and serb forces caused the
+HqlLt82irP8-00072-00016119-00016386 displacement of between 1.2 million to
+HqlLt82irP8-00073-00016387-00016719 1.45 million kosovo albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-00074-00016720-00016983 after the war around 200 000 serbs
+HqlLt82irP8-00075-00016984-00017199 romani and other non-albanians fled
+HqlLt82irP8-00076-00017200-00017350 kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00077-00017351-00017558 the nato bombing campaign has remained
+HqlLt82irP8-00078-00017559-00017743 controversial as it did not gain the
+HqlLt82irP8-00079-00017744-00017975 approval of the un security council and
+HqlLt82irP8-00080-00017976-00018279 because it caused at least 488 yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-00081-00018280-00018486 civilian deaths including substantial
+HqlLt82irP8-00082-00018487-00019207 numbers of kosovar refugees
+HqlLt82irP8-00083-00019208-00020135 topic background
+HqlLt82irP8-00084-00020136-00020967 kosovo in tito's yugoslavia 1945-1980
+HqlLt82irP8-00085-00020968-00021207 the modern albanian-serbian conflict has
+HqlLt82irP8-00086-00021208-00021358 its roots in the explosion of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00087-00021359-00021594 albanians in
+HqlLt82irP8-00088-00021595-00021814 1877-1878 from areas that became
+HqlLt82irP8-00089-00021815-00022014 incorporated into the principality of
+HqlLt82irP8-00090-00022015-00022135 serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-00091-00022136-00022303 tensions between the serbian and
+HqlLt82irP8-00092-00022304-00022543 albanian communities in kosovo simmered
+HqlLt82irP8-00093-00022544-00022703 throughout the 20th century and
+HqlLt82irP8-00094-00022704-00022943 occasionally erupted into major violence
+HqlLt82irP8-00095-00022944-00023194 particularly during the first balkan war
+HqlLt82irP8-00096-00023195-00023467 191213 world war 1
+HqlLt82irP8-00097-00023468-00023942 1914-18 and world war ii 1939-45
+HqlLt82irP8-00098-00023943-00024214 after 1945 the socialist government
+HqlLt82irP8-00099-00024215-00024455 under yosep bros tito systematically
+HqlLt82irP8-00100-00024456-00024622 repressed all manifestations of
+HqlLt82irP8-00101-00024623-00024830 nationalism throughout yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00102-00024831-00025014 seeking to ensure that no republic or
+HqlLt82irP8-00103-00025015-00025214 nationality gained dominance over the
+HqlLt82irP8-00104-00025215-00025319 others
+HqlLt82irP8-00105-00025320-00025558 in particular tito deluded the power of
+HqlLt82irP8-00106-00025559-00025806 serbia the largest and most populous
+HqlLt82irP8-00107-00025807-00026055 republic by establishing autonomous
+HqlLt82irP8-00108-00026056-00026223 governments in the serbian province of
+HqlLt82irP8-00109-00026224-00026431 vajvadina in the north and kosovo and
+HqlLt82irP8-00110-00026432-00026614 medecia in the south
+HqlLt82irP8-00111-00026616-00026855 kosovo's borders did not precisely match
+HqlLt82irP8-00112-00026856-00027079 the areas of ethnic albanian settlement
+HqlLt82irP8-00113-00027080-00027295 in yugoslavia significant numbers of
+HqlLt82irP8-00114-00027295-00027495 albanians remained in the republic of
+HqlLt82irP8-00115-00027495-00027790 macedonia montenegro and serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-00116-00027791-00028031 kosovo's formal autonomy established
+HqlLt82irP8-00117-00028032-00028327 under the 1945 yugoslav constitution
+HqlLt82irP8-00118-00028327-00028511 initially meant relatively little in
+HqlLt82irP8-00119-00028512-00028623 practice
+HqlLt82irP8-00120-00028624-00028870 the secret police the udba cracked down
+HqlLt82irP8-00121-00028872-00029070 hard on nationalists
+HqlLt82irP8-00122-00029072-00029367 in 1956 a number of albanians went on
+HqlLt82irP8-00123-00029368-00029623 trial in kosovo on charges of espionage
+HqlLt82irP8-00124-00029624-00029758 and subversion
+HqlLt82irP8-00125-00029760-00029951 the threat of separatism was in fact
+HqlLt82irP8-00126-00029952-00030151 minimal as the few underground groups
+HqlLt82irP8-00127-00030152-00030358 aiming for union with albania had little
+HqlLt82irP8-00128-00030360-00030551 political significance
+HqlLt82irP8-00129-00030552-00030711 their long-term impact became
+HqlLt82irP8-00130-00030712-00030918 substantial though as some
+HqlLt82irP8-00131-00030919-00031127 particularly the revolutionary movement
+HqlLt82irP8-00132-00031127-00031343 for albanian unity founded by adem
+HqlLt82irP8-00133-00031344-00031567 damasi would eventually form the
+HqlLt82irP8-00134-00031568-00031783 political core of the kosovo liberation
+HqlLt82irP8-00135-00031783-00032023 army founded in 1990.
+HqlLt82irP8-00136-00032024-00032335 damasi himself was imprisoned in 1964
+HqlLt82irP8-00137-00032336-00032567 along with many of his followers
+HqlLt82irP8-00138-00032568-00032767 yugoslavia underwent a period of
+HqlLt82irP8-00139-00032768-00033111 economic and political crisis in 1969 as
+HqlLt82irP8-00140-00033112-00033327 a massive government program of economic
+HqlLt82irP8-00141-00033328-00033518 reform widened the gap between the rich
+HqlLt82irP8-00142-00033519-00033807 north and port south of the country
+HqlLt82irP8-00143-00033808-00034015 student demonstrations and riots in
+HqlLt82irP8-00144-00034016-00034335 belgrade in june 1968 spread to kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00145-00034336-00034583 in november but yugoslav security forces
+HqlLt82irP8-00146-00034584-00034702 quelled them
+HqlLt82irP8-00147-00034703-00034887 tito conceded some of the students
+HqlLt82irP8-00148-00034888-00035151 demands in particular representative
+HqlLt82irP8-00149-00035152-00035383 powers for albanians in both the serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00150-00035384-00035583 and yugoslav state bodies and better
+HqlLt82irP8-00151-00035584-00035839 recognition of the albanian language
+HqlLt82irP8-00152-00035840-00036030 the university of prishtina was
+HqlLt82irP8-00153-00036031-00036183 established as an independent
+HqlLt82irP8-00154-00036184-00036487 institution in 1970 ending a long period
+HqlLt82irP8-00155-00036488-00036679 when the institution had been run as an
+HqlLt82irP8-00156-00036680-00036927 outpost of belgrade university
+HqlLt82irP8-00157-00036928-00037095 the lack of albanian language
+HqlLt82irP8-00158-00037096-00037327 educational materials in yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00159-00037328-00037590 hampered albanian education in kosovo so
+HqlLt82irP8-00160-00037591-00037767 an agreement was struck with albania
+HqlLt82irP8-00161-00037768-00038023 itself to supply textbooks
+HqlLt82irP8-00162-00038024-00038318 in 1969 the serbian orthodox church
+HqlLt82irP8-00163-00038319-00038518 ordered its clergy to compile data on
+HqlLt82irP8-00164-00038519-00038774 the ongoing problems of serbs in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00165-00038775-00038935 seeking to pressure the government in
+HqlLt82irP8-00166-00038936-00039095 belgrade to do more to protect the
+HqlLt82irP8-00167-00039096-00039359 interests of serbs there in 1974
+HqlLt82irP8-00168-00039360-00039567 kosovo's political status improved
+HqlLt82irP8-00169-00039568-00039799 further when a new yugoslav constitution
+HqlLt82irP8-00170-00039800-00039999 granted an expanded set of political
+HqlLt82irP8-00171-00040000-00040111 rights
+HqlLt82irP8-00172-00040112-00040359 along with vajvadina kosovo was declared
+HqlLt82irP8-00173-00040360-00040551 a province and gained many of the powers
+HqlLt82irP8-00174-00040552-00040759 of a fully-fledged republic a seat on
+HqlLt82irP8-00175-00040760-00040935 the federal presidency and its own
+HqlLt82irP8-00176-00040936-00041687 assembly police force and national bank
+HqlLt82irP8-00177-00041688-00042479 topic after the death of tito 1980-286
+HqlLt82irP8-00178-00042480-00042695 provincial power was still exercised by
+HqlLt82irP8-00179-00042696-00042895 the communist party but now devolved
+HqlLt82irP8-00180-00042896-00043183 mainly to ethnic albanian communists
+HqlLt82irP8-00181-00043184-00043430 tito's death on the 4th of may 1980
+HqlLt82irP8-00182-00043431-00043630 ushered in a long period of political
+HqlLt82irP8-00183-00043631-00043871 instability worsened by growing economic
+HqlLt82irP8-00184-00043872-00044118 crisis and nationalist unrest
+HqlLt82irP8-00185-00044119-00044311 the first major outbreak occurred in
+HqlLt82irP8-00186-00044312-00044543 kosovo's main city prishtina when a
+HqlLt82irP8-00187-00044544-00044751 protest of university of pristina
+HqlLt82irP8-00188-00044752-00044911 students over long queues in their
+HqlLt82irP8-00189-00044912-00045167 university canteen rapidly escalated and
+HqlLt82irP8-00190-00045168-00045430 in late march and early april 1981
+HqlLt82irP8-00191-00045431-00045646 spread throughout kosovo causing mass
+HqlLt82irP8-00192-00045647-00045895 demonstrations in several towns
+HqlLt82irP8-00193-00045896-00046071 the disturbances were quelled by the
+HqlLt82irP8-00194-00046072-00046295 presidency of yugoslavia proclaiming a
+HqlLt82irP8-00195-00046296-00046511 state of emergency sending in riot
+HqlLt82irP8-00196-00046512-00046702 police in the army which resulted in
+HqlLt82irP8-00197-00046703-00046918 numerous casualties
+HqlLt82irP8-00198-00046919-00047135 communist hard-liners instituted a
+HqlLt82irP8-00199-00047136-00047351 fierce crackdown on nationalism of all
+HqlLt82irP8-00200-00047352-00047471 kinds
+HqlLt82irP8-00201-00047472-00047686 kosovo endured a heavy secret police
+HqlLt82irP8-00202-00047687-00047902 presence throughout most of the 1980s
+HqlLt82irP8-00203-00047903-00048055 that ruthlessly suppressed any
+HqlLt82irP8-00204-00048056-00048295 unauthorized nationalist manifestations
+HqlLt82irP8-00205-00048296-00048518 both albanian and serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00206-00048519-00048727 according to a report quoted by mark
+HqlLt82irP8-00207-00048728-00049046 thompson as many as 580 000 inhabitants
+HqlLt82irP8-00208-00049047-00049286 of kosovo were arrested interrogated
+HqlLt82irP8-00209-00049287-00049471 interned or reprimanded
+HqlLt82irP8-00210-00049472-00049662 thousands of these lost their jobs or
+HqlLt82irP8-00211-00049663-00049823 were expelled from their educational
+HqlLt82irP8-00212-00049824-00049983 establishments
+HqlLt82irP8-00213-00049984-00050151 during this time tension between the
+HqlLt82irP8-00214-00050152-00050335 albanian and serbian communities
+HqlLt82irP8-00215-00050336-00050551 continued to escalate
+HqlLt82irP8-00216-00050552-00050846 in february 1982 a group of priests from
+HqlLt82irP8-00217-00050847-00051039 serbia proper petitioned their bishops
+HqlLt82irP8-00218-00051040-00051382 to ask why the serbian church is silent
+HqlLt82irP8-00219-00051383-00051607 and why it did not campaign against the
+HqlLt82irP8-00220-00051608-00051854 destruction arson and sacrilege of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00221-00051855-00052150 holy shrines of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00222-00052151-00052358 such concerns did attract interest in
+HqlLt82irP8-00223-00052359-00052607 belgrade stories appeared from time to
+HqlLt82irP8-00224-00052608-00052799 time in the belgrade media claiming that
+HqlLt82irP8-00225-00052800-00052966 serbs and montenegrins were being
+HqlLt82irP8-00226-00052967-00053094 persecuted
+HqlLt82irP8-00227-00053095-00053279 there was a perception among serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00228-00053279-00053438 nationalists that serbs were being
+HqlLt82irP8-00229-00053439-00053663 driven out of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00230-00053664-00053863 in addition to all this the worsening
+HqlLt82irP8-00231-00053864-00054054 state of kosovo's economy made the
+HqlLt82irP8-00232-00054055-00054263 province a poor choice for serbs seeking
+HqlLt82irP8-00233-00054264-00054366 work
+HqlLt82irP8-00234-00054367-00054591 albanians as well as serbs tended to
+HqlLt82irP8-00235-00054591-00054791 favor their compatriots when hiring new
+HqlLt82irP8-00236-00054791-00055007 employees but the number of jobs was too
+HqlLt82irP8-00237-00055008-00055207 few for the population
+HqlLt82irP8-00238-00055208-00055382 kosovo was the poorest entity of
+HqlLt82irP8-00239-00055383-00055638 yugoslavia the average per capita income
+HqlLt82irP8-00240-00055639-00055723 was
+HqlLt82irP8-00241-00055724-00055991 795. compared with the national average
+HqlLt82irP8-00242-00055991-00056342 of 2635
+HqlLt82irP8-00243-00056344-00056647 in 1981 it was reported that some 4 000
+HqlLt82irP8-00244-00056648-00056847 serbs moved from kosovo to central
+HqlLt82irP8-00245-00056848-00057087 serbia after the kosovo albanian riots
+HqlLt82irP8-00246-00057088-00057287 in march that resulted in several serb
+HqlLt82irP8-00247-00057288-00057487 deaths and the desecration of serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00248-00057488-00057782 orthodox architecture and graveyards
+HqlLt82irP8-00249-00057783-00057999 serbia reacted with a plan to reduce the
+HqlLt82irP8-00250-00058000-00058215 power of albanians in the province and a
+HqlLt82irP8-00251-00058216-00058430 propaganda campaign that claimed serbs
+HqlLt82irP8-00252-00058432-00058591 were being pushed out of the province
+HqlLt82irP8-00253-00058591-00058766 primarily by the growing albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-00254-00058767-00058966 population rather than the bad state of
+HqlLt82irP8-00255-00058967-00059119 the economy
+HqlLt82irP8-00256-00059120-00059326 33 nationalist formations were
+HqlLt82irP8-00257-00059327-00059542 dismantled by yugoslav police who
+HqlLt82irP8-00258-00059544-00059887 sentenced some 280 people 800 fined 100
+HqlLt82irP8-00259-00059888-00060087 under investigation and seized arms
+HqlLt82irP8-00260-00060088-00060863 caches and propaganda material
+HqlLt82irP8-00261-00060864-00061071 kosovo and the rise of slobodan
+HqlLt82irP8-00262-00061072-00061735 milosevic 1986-90
+HqlLt82irP8-00263-00061736-00061999 in 1987 david binder wrote in the new
+HqlLt82irP8-00264-00062000-00062182 york times about the growing ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-00265-00062183-00062375 tension in yugoslavia and rising
+HqlLt82irP8-00266-00062376-00062630 nationalism among albanians in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00267-00062632-00062815 and referred to the perrison massacre
+HqlLt82irP8-00268-00062816-00063015 where an ethnic albanian soldier in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00269-00063016-00063303 jna killed four fellow soldiers
+HqlLt82irP8-00270-00063304-00063550 binder also writing of slobodan
+HqlLt82irP8-00271-00063551-00063759 milosevic as deposing of dragasa
+HqlLt82irP8-00272-00063760-00063966 pavlovic as head of belgrade's party
+HqlLt82irP8-00273-00063967-00064175 organization shortly before
+HqlLt82irP8-00274-00064176-00064479 wrote that mr milosevic accused mr
+HqlLt82irP8-00275-00064479-00064694 pavlovich of being an appeaser who was
+HqlLt82irP8-00276-00064695-00064982 soft on albanian radicals
+HqlLt82irP8-00277-00064983-00065287 and that mr milosevic and his supporters
+HqlLt82irP8-00278-00065288-00065487 appear to be staking their careers on a
+HqlLt82irP8-00279-00065488-00065687 strategy of confrontation with the
+HqlLt82irP8-00280-00065688-00065882 kosovo ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-00281-00065883-00066143 albanians the article quotes the federal
+HqlLt82irP8-00282-00066144-00066487 secretary for national defense fleet adm
+HqlLt82irP8-00283-00066488-00066838 branco mamula who claimed that from 1981
+HqlLt82irP8-00284-00066839-00067231 to 1987 216 illegal albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-00285-00067232-00067450 organizations with
+HqlLt82irP8-00286-00067451-00067911 1435 members were discovered in the jna
+HqlLt82irP8-00287-00067912-00068103 mamula had also said that ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-00288-00068104-00068311 albanian subversives had been preparing
+HqlLt82irP8-00289-00068312-00068575 for killing officers and soldiers
+HqlLt82irP8-00290-00068576-00068847 poisoning food and water sabotage
+HqlLt82irP8-00291-00068848-00069047 breaking into weapons arsenals and
+HqlLt82irP8-00292-00069048-00069311 stealing arms and ammunition desertion
+HqlLt82irP8-00293-00069312-00069511 and causing flagrant nationalist
+HqlLt82irP8-00294-00069512-00069767 incidents in army units
+HqlLt82irP8-00295-00069768-00069991 in kosovo an increasingly poisonous
+HqlLt82irP8-00296-00069992-00070215 atmosphere between serbs and albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-00297-00070216-00070415 led to wild rumors being spread and
+HqlLt82irP8-00298-00070416-00070615 otherwise trivial incidents being blown
+HqlLt82irP8-00299-00070616-00070767 out of proportion
+HqlLt82irP8-00300-00070768-00070943 it was against this tense background
+HqlLt82irP8-00301-00070944-00071167 that the serbian academy of sciences and
+HqlLt82irP8-00302-00071168-00071399 arts sunu conducted a survey of serbs
+HqlLt82irP8-00303-00071400-00071767 who had left kosovo in 1985 and 1986
+HqlLt82irP8-00304-00071768-00071943 which concluded that a considerable
+HqlLt82irP8-00305-00071944-00072103 number had left under pressure from
+HqlLt82irP8-00306-00072104-00072350 albanians the so-called sinu memorandum
+HqlLt82irP8-00307-00072351-00072623 leaked in september 1986 was a draft
+HqlLt82irP8-00308-00072624-00072815 document that focused on the political
+HqlLt82irP8-00309-00072816-00073062 difficulties facing serbs in yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00310-00073063-00073247 pointing to tito's deliberate hobbling
+HqlLt82irP8-00311-00073248-00073438 of serbia's power and the difficulties
+HqlLt82irP8-00312-00073439-00073726 faced by serbs outside serbia proper
+HqlLt82irP8-00313-00073727-00073959 it paid special attention to kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00314-00073960-00074150 arguing that the kosovo serbs were being
+HqlLt82irP8-00315-00074151-00074447 subjected to physical political legal
+HqlLt82irP8-00316-00074448-00074655 and cultural genocide
+HqlLt82irP8-00317-00074656-00074950 in an open and total war that had been
+HqlLt82irP8-00318-00074951-00075231 ongoing since the spring of 1981. it
+HqlLt82irP8-00319-00075232-00075526 claimed that kosovo's status in 1986 was
+HqlLt82irP8-00320-00075527-00075726 a worse historical defeat for the serbs
+HqlLt82irP8-00321-00075727-00075926 than any event since liberation from the
+HqlLt82irP8-00322-00075927-00076182 ottomans in 1804 thus ranking it above
+HqlLt82irP8-00323-00076183-00076391 such catastrophes as the world wars
+HqlLt82irP8-00324-00076392-00076543 occupations
+HqlLt82irP8-00325-00076544-00076726 the memorandum's authors claimed that
+HqlLt82irP8-00326-00076727-00076911 two hundred thousand serbs had moved out
+HqlLt82irP8-00327-00076912-00077103 of the province over the previous 20
+HqlLt82irP8-00328-00077104-00077247 years and warned that there would soon
+HqlLt82irP8-00329-00077248-00077479 be none left unless things change
+HqlLt82irP8-00330-00077480-00077719 radically the remedy according to the
+HqlLt82irP8-00331-00077720-00078023 memorandum was for genuine security and
+HqlLt82irP8-00332-00078024-00078279 unambiguous equality for all peoples
+HqlLt82irP8-00333-00078280-00078519 living in kosovo and metah to be
+HqlLt82irP8-00334-00078520-00078703 established
+HqlLt82irP8-00335-00078704-00078975 and objective and permanent conditions
+HqlLt82irP8-00336-00078976-00079199 for the return of the expelled serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00337-00079200-00079438 nation to be created
+HqlLt82irP8-00338-00079439-00079703 it concluded that serbia must not be
+HqlLt82irP8-00339-00079704-00079911 passive and wait and see what the others
+HqlLt82irP8-00340-00079912-00080143 will say as it has done so often in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00341-00080144-00080287 past
+HqlLt82irP8-00342-00080288-00080479 the sunu memorandum provoked split
+HqlLt82irP8-00343-00080480-00080735 reactions albanians saw it as a call for
+HqlLt82irP8-00344-00080736-00080950 serbian supremacy at the local level
+HqlLt82irP8-00345-00080951-00081119 claiming the serb emigrants had left
+HqlLt82irP8-00346-00081120-00081326 kosovo for economic reasons while the
+HqlLt82irP8-00347-00081327-00081519 slovenes and croat saw a threat in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00348-00081520-00081759 call for a more assertive serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-00349-00081760-00081959 serbs were divided many welcomed it
+HqlLt82irP8-00350-00081960-00082150 while the communist old guard strongly
+HqlLt82irP8-00351-00082151-00082318 attacked its message
+HqlLt82irP8-00352-00082319-00082462 one of those who denounced it was
+HqlLt82irP8-00353-00082463-00082647 serbian communist party official
+HqlLt82irP8-00354-00082648-00082879 slobodan milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-00355-00082880-00083150 in november 1988 kosovo's head of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00356-00083151-00083375 provincial committee was arrested
+HqlLt82irP8-00357-00083376-00083699 in march 1989 milosevic announced an
+HqlLt82irP8-00358-00083700-00084006 anti-bureaucratic revolution in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00359-00084007-00084231 and vajvadina curtailing their autonomy
+HqlLt82irP8-00360-00084232-00084438 as well as imposing a curfew and a state
+HqlLt82irP8-00361-00084439-00084671 of emergency in kosovo due to violent
+HqlLt82irP8-00362-00084672-00084943 demonstrations resulting in 24 deaths
+HqlLt82irP8-00363-00084944-00085135 including two policemen
+HqlLt82irP8-00364-00085136-00085318 milosevic and his government claimed
+HqlLt82irP8-00365-00085319-00085494 that the constitutional changes were
+HqlLt82irP8-00366-00085495-00085718 necessary to protect kosovo's remaining
+HqlLt82irP8-00367-00085719-00085879 serbs against harassment from the
+HqlLt82irP8-00368-00085880-00086591 albanian majority
+HqlLt82irP8-00369-00086592-00087743 constitutional amendments 1989-94
+HqlLt82irP8-00370-00087744-00088111 events
+HqlLt82irP8-00371-00088112-00088431 on the 17th of november 1988 kakusha
+HqlLt82irP8-00372-00088432-00088655 jasheri and aizem vlasi were forced to
+HqlLt82irP8-00373-00088656-00088823 resign from the leadership of the league
+HqlLt82irP8-00374-00088824-00089118 of communists of kosovo lck
+HqlLt82irP8-00375-00089119-00089382 in early 1989 the serbian assembly
+HqlLt82irP8-00376-00089383-00089582 proposed amendments to the constitution
+HqlLt82irP8-00377-00089583-00089799 of serbia that would remove the word
+HqlLt82irP8-00378-00089800-00090055 socialist from the serbian republic's
+HqlLt82irP8-00379-00090056-00090294 title establish multi-party elections
+HqlLt82irP8-00380-00090295-00090494 remove the independence of institutions
+HqlLt82irP8-00381-00090495-00090679 of the autonomous provinces such as
+HqlLt82irP8-00382-00090680-00090879 kosovo and rename kosovo as the
+HqlLt82irP8-00383-00090880-00091055 autonomous province of kosovo and
+HqlLt82irP8-00384-00091056-00091182 medecia
+HqlLt82irP8-00385-00091183-00091391 in february cassovar albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-00386-00091392-00091591 demonstrated in large numbers against
+HqlLt82irP8-00387-00091592-00091782 the proposal emboldened by striking
+HqlLt82irP8-00388-00091783-00091911 minors
+HqlLt82irP8-00389-00091912-00092138 serbs in belgrade protested against the
+HqlLt82irP8-00390-00092139-00092399 kosovo-albanian separatism on the 3rd of
+HqlLt82irP8-00391-00092400-00092726 march 1989 the presidency of yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00392-00092727-00092911 imposed special measures assigning
+HqlLt82irP8-00393-00092912-00093135 responsibility for public security to
+HqlLt82irP8-00394-00093136-00093303 the federal government
+HqlLt82irP8-00395-00093304-00093518 on the 23rd of march the assembly of
+HqlLt82irP8-00396-00093519-00093726 kosovo voted to accept the proposed
+HqlLt82irP8-00397-00093727-00093894 amendments although most albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-00398-00093895-00094071 delegates abstained
+HqlLt82irP8-00399-00094072-00094367 in early 1990 kosovar albanians held
+HqlLt82irP8-00400-00094368-00094574 mass demonstrations against the special
+HqlLt82irP8-00401-00094575-00094767 measures which were lifted on the 18th
+HqlLt82irP8-00402-00094768-00095031 of april 1990 and responsibility for
+HqlLt82irP8-00403-00095032-00095231 public security was again assigned to
+HqlLt82irP8-00404-00095232-00095543 serbia on the 8th of may 1989 milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-00405-00095544-00095735 became president of the presidency of
+HqlLt82irP8-00406-00095736-00095935 serbia which was confirmed on the 6th of
+HqlLt82irP8-00407-00095936-00096055 december
+HqlLt82irP8-00408-00096056-00096391 on the 22nd of january 1990 the 14th
+HqlLt82irP8-00409-00096392-00096567 congress of the league of communists of
+HqlLt82irP8-00410-00096568-00096847 yugoslavia lcy abolished the party's
+HqlLt82irP8-00411-00096848-00097038 position as the only legal political
+HqlLt82irP8-00412-00097039-00097231 party in yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00413-00097232-00097518 in january 1990 the yugoslav government
+HqlLt82irP8-00414-00097519-00097679 announced it would press ahead with the
+HqlLt82irP8-00415-00097680-00097903 creation of a multi-party system on the
+HqlLt82irP8-00416-00097904-00098199 26th of june 1990 serbian authorities
+HqlLt82irP8-00417-00098200-00098399 closed the kosovo assembly citing
+HqlLt82irP8-00418-00098400-00098599 special circumstances
+HqlLt82irP8-00419-00098600-00098894 on 1 or the 2nd of july 1990 serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-00420-00098895-00099038 approved the new amendments to the
+HqlLt82irP8-00421-00099039-00099326 constitution of serbia in a referendum
+HqlLt82irP8-00422-00099327-00099599 also on the 2nd of july 114 ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-00423-00099600-00099847 albanian delegates of the 180-member
+HqlLt82irP8-00424-00099848-00100071 kosovo assembly declared kosovo an
+HqlLt82irP8-00425-00100072-00100350 independent republic within yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00426-00100351-00100574 on the 5th of july the serbian assembly
+HqlLt82irP8-00427-00100575-00100815 dissolved the kosovo assembly
+HqlLt82irP8-00428-00100816-00101015 serbia also dissolved the provincial
+HqlLt82irP8-00429-00101016-00101231 executive council and assumed full and
+HqlLt82irP8-00430-00101232-00101479 direct control of the province
+HqlLt82irP8-00431-00101480-00101718 serbia took over management of kosovo's
+HqlLt82irP8-00432-00101719-00101918 principal albanian language media
+HqlLt82irP8-00433-00101919-00102206 halting albanian language broadcasts
+HqlLt82irP8-00434-00102207-00102478 on the 4th of september 1990 kosovar
+HqlLt82irP8-00435-00102479-00102734 albanians observed a 24-hour general
+HqlLt82irP8-00436-00102735-00102902 strike virtually shutting down the
+HqlLt82irP8-00437-00102903-00103254 province on 16 or the 17th of july 1990
+HqlLt82irP8-00438-00103255-00103518 the league of communists of serbia lcs
+HqlLt82irP8-00439-00103519-00103702 combined with the socialist alliance of
+HqlLt82irP8-00440-00103703-00103902 working people of serbia to become the
+HqlLt82irP8-00441-00103903-00104142 socialist party of serbia sps and
+HqlLt82irP8-00442-00104143-00104415 milosevic became its first president
+HqlLt82irP8-00443-00104416-00104654 on the 8th of august 1990 several
+HqlLt82irP8-00444-00104655-00104847 amendments to the federal socialist
+HqlLt82irP8-00445-00104848-00105134 federal republic of yugoslavia sfry
+HqlLt82irP8-00446-00105135-00105343 constitution were adopted enabling the
+HqlLt82irP8-00447-00105344-00105558 establishment of a multi-party election
+HqlLt82irP8-00448-00105559-00105823 system on the 7th of september 1990. the
+HqlLt82irP8-00449-00105824-00106054 constitution of the republic of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00450-00106055-00106231 was promulgated by the disbanded
+HqlLt82irP8-00451-00106232-00106423 assembly of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00452-00106424-00106623 milosevic responded by ordering the
+HqlLt82irP8-00453-00106624-00106831 arrest of the deputies of the disbanded
+HqlLt82irP8-00454-00106832-00107015 assembly of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00455-00107016-00107183 the new controversial serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00456-00107183-00107431 constitution was promulgated on the 28th
+HqlLt82irP8-00457-00107432-00107647 of september 1990.
+HqlLt82irP8-00458-00107648-00107839 multi-party elections were held in
+HqlLt82irP8-00459-00107840-00108086 serbia on 9 and the 26th of december
+HqlLt82irP8-00460-00108088-00108334 1990 after which milosevic became
+HqlLt82irP8-00461-00108335-00108510 president of serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-00462-00108511-00108815 in september 1991 cassovar albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-00463-00108816-00108999 held an unofficial referendum in which
+HqlLt82irP8-00464-00109000-00109143 they voted overwhelmingly for
+HqlLt82irP8-00465-00109144-00109286 independence
+HqlLt82irP8-00466-00109288-00109566 on the 24th of may 1992 kosovar
+HqlLt82irP8-00467-00109567-00109790 albanians held unofficial elections for
+HqlLt82irP8-00468-00109791-00109943 an assembly and president of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00469-00109944-00110190 republic of kosovo on the 5th of august
+HqlLt82irP8-00470-00110191-00110478 1991 the serbian assembly suspended the
+HqlLt82irP8-00471-00110479-00110686 priesthina daily rilundia following the
+HqlLt82irP8-00472-00110688-00110934 law on public information of the 29th of
+HqlLt82irP8-00473-00110935-00111199 march 1991 an establishment of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00474-00111200-00111415 panorama publishing house on the 6th of
+HqlLt82irP8-00475-00111416-00111615 november which incorporated rilendya
+HqlLt82irP8-00476-00111616-00111815 which was declared unconstitutional by
+HqlLt82irP8-00477-00111816-00112015 the federal authorities
+HqlLt82irP8-00478-00112016-00112271 united nations special rapporteur tadius
+HqlLt82irP8-00479-00112272-00112510 mazawiki reported on the 26th of
+HqlLt82irP8-00480-00112511-00112766 february 1993 that the police had
+HqlLt82irP8-00481-00112767-00112927 intensified their repression of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00482-00112928-00113231 albanian population since 1990 including
+HqlLt82irP8-00483-00113232-00113415 depriving them of their basic rights
+HqlLt82irP8-00484-00113416-00113607 destroying their education system and
+HqlLt82irP8-00485-00113608-00113815 large numbers of political dismissals of
+HqlLt82irP8-00486-00113816-00114519 civil servants
+HqlLt82irP8-00487-00114520-00115407 eruption of war
+HqlLt82irP8-00488-00115408-00116166 the slide to war 1995-1998
+HqlLt82irP8-00489-00116167-00116399 regova's policy of passive resistance
+HqlLt82irP8-00490-00116400-00116623 succeeded in keeping kosovo quiet during
+HqlLt82irP8-00491-00116624-00116823 the war with slovenia and the wars in
+HqlLt82irP8-00492-00116824-00117023 croatia and bosnia during the early
+HqlLt82irP8-00493-00117024-00117183 1990s
+HqlLt82irP8-00494-00117183-00117423 as evidenced by the emergence of the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-00495-00117424-00117590 this came at the cost of increasing
+HqlLt82irP8-00496-00117591-00117790 frustration among kosovo's albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-00497-00117791-00117927 population
+HqlLt82irP8-00498-00117928-00118190 in the mid-1990s regova pleaded for a
+HqlLt82irP8-00499-00118191-00118390 united nations peacekeeping force for
+HqlLt82irP8-00500-00118391-00118519 kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00501-00118520-00118823 in 1997 milosevic was promoted to the
+HqlLt82irP8-00502-00118824-00119015 presidency of the federal republic of
+HqlLt82irP8-00503-00119016-00119231 yugoslavia comprising serbia and
+HqlLt82irP8-00504-00119232-00119447 montenegro since its inception in april
+HqlLt82irP8-00505-00119448-00119663 1992
+HqlLt82irP8-00506-00119664-00119863 continuing repression convinced many
+HqlLt82irP8-00507-00119864-00120063 albanians that only armed resistance
+HqlLt82irP8-00508-00120064-00120254 would change the situation
+HqlLt82irP8-00509-00120255-00120599 on the 22nd of april 1996 four attacks
+HqlLt82irP8-00510-00120600-00120799 on serbian security personnel were
+HqlLt82irP8-00511-00120800-00121007 carried out almost simultaneously in
+HqlLt82irP8-00512-00121008-00121207 several parts of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00513-00121208-00121439 a hitherto unknown organization calling
+HqlLt82irP8-00514-00121440-00121766 itself the kosovo liberation army
+HqlLt82irP8-00515-00121767-00122071 kla subsequently claimed responsibility
+HqlLt82irP8-00516-00122072-00122271 the nature of the kla was at first
+HqlLt82irP8-00517-00122272-00122527 mysterious at first it seemed that their
+HqlLt82irP8-00518-00122528-00122719 only goals were to stop repression from
+HqlLt82irP8-00519-00122720-00122943 yugoslav authorities
+HqlLt82irP8-00520-00122944-00123175 as stated by jakop krzniki who was the
+HqlLt82irP8-00521-00123176-00123414 spokesman of the group kosovo liberation
+HqlLt82irP8-00522-00123415-00123590 army was formed by some members from
+HqlLt82irP8-00523-00123591-00123839 democratic league of kosovo a political
+HqlLt82irP8-00524-00123840-00124086 party led by ibrahim regova
+HqlLt82irP8-00525-00124088-00124286 kosovo liberation army shared with
+HqlLt82irP8-00526-00124288-00124599 democratic league of kosovo ldk a party
+HqlLt82irP8-00527-00124600-00124831 led by ibrahim regova common goal of
+HqlLt82irP8-00528-00124832-00125014 ending repression from belgrade and
+HqlLt82irP8-00529-00125015-00125263 making kosovo independent but kla was
+HqlLt82irP8-00530-00125264-00125454 opposed on what they called internal
+HqlLt82irP8-00531-00125455-00125807 rule of kosovo by ldk also kla goals
+HqlLt82irP8-00532-00125808-00125990 included the establishment of a greater
+HqlLt82irP8-00533-00125991-00126166 albanian state stretching into
+HqlLt82irP8-00534-00126167-00126454 surrounding fyr macedonia montenegro and
+HqlLt82irP8-00535-00126455-00126614 southern serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-00536-00126615-00126886 in july 1998 in an interview for der
+HqlLt82irP8-00537-00126888-00127134 spiegel jacob krzniki publicly announced
+HqlLt82irP8-00538-00127135-00127351 that the kla's goal was the unification
+HqlLt82irP8-00539-00127352-00127678 of all albanian-inhabited lands suleiman
+HqlLt82irP8-00540-00127679-00127943 salimi a general commander of kla in
+HqlLt82irP8-00541-00127944-00128166 1998-1999
+HqlLt82irP8-00542-00128167-00128278 said
+HqlLt82irP8-00543-00128279-00128534 there is de facto albanian nation
+HqlLt82irP8-00544-00128535-00128751 the tragedy is that european powers
+HqlLt82irP8-00545-00128752-00128943 after world war one decided to divide
+HqlLt82irP8-00546-00128944-00129134 that nation between several balkan
+HqlLt82irP8-00547-00129135-00129247 states
+HqlLt82irP8-00548-00129248-00129447 we are now fighting to unify the nation
+HqlLt82irP8-00549-00129448-00129654 to liberate all albanians including
+HqlLt82irP8-00550-00129655-00129910 those in macedonia montenegro and other
+HqlLt82irP8-00551-00129911-00130063 parts of serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-00552-00130064-00130263 we are not just a liberation army for
+HqlLt82irP8-00553-00130264-00130423 kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00554-00130424-00130607 while regova promised to uphold the
+HqlLt82irP8-00555-00130608-00130886 minority rights of serbs in kosovo kla
+HqlLt82irP8-00556-00130888-00131087 was much less tolerant
+HqlLt82irP8-00557-00131088-00131287 salimi stated that serbs who have blood
+HqlLt82irP8-00558-00131288-00131423 on their hands would have to leave the
+HqlLt82irP8-00559-00131424-00131623 kosovo it is widely believed that the
+HqlLt82irP8-00560-00131624-00131854 kla received financial and material
+HqlLt82irP8-00561-00131855-00132031 support from the kosovo albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-00562-00132032-00132175 diaspora
+HqlLt82irP8-00563-00132176-00132478 in early 1997 albania collapsed into
+HqlLt82irP8-00564-00132479-00132678 chaos following the fall of president
+HqlLt82irP8-00565-00132679-00132839 sally barisha
+HqlLt82irP8-00566-00132840-00133039 military stockpiles were looted with
+HqlLt82irP8-00567-00133040-00133254 impunity by criminal gangs with much of
+HqlLt82irP8-00568-00133255-00133478 the hardware ending up in western kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00569-00133479-00133751 and boosting the growing kla arsenal
+HqlLt82irP8-00570-00133752-00134014 bouhar bukoshi shadow prime minister in
+HqlLt82irP8-00571-00134015-00134271 exile in zurich switzerland created a
+HqlLt82irP8-00572-00134272-00134471 group called farc armed forces of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00573-00134472-00134687 republic of kosova which was reported to
+HqlLt82irP8-00574-00134688-00134863 have been disbanded and absorbed by the
+HqlLt82irP8-00575-00134864-00135102 kla in 1998.
+HqlLt82irP8-00576-00135103-00135302 the yugoslav government considered the
+HqlLt82irP8-00577-00135303-00135775 kla to be terrorists and insurgents who
+HqlLt82irP8-00578-00135776-00135951 indiscriminately attacked police and
+HqlLt82irP8-00579-00135952-00136166 civilians while most albanians saw the
+HqlLt82irP8-00580-00136167-00136527 kla as freedom fighters
+HqlLt82irP8-00581-00136528-00136823 in 1998 the u.s state department listed
+HqlLt82irP8-00582-00136824-00137071 the kla as a terrorist organization and
+HqlLt82irP8-00583-00137072-00137351 in 1999 the republican policy committee
+HqlLt82irP8-00584-00137352-00137551 of the u.s senate expressed its troubles
+HqlLt82irP8-00585-00137552-00137814 with the effective alliance of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00586-00137815-00138014 democratic clinton administration with
+HqlLt82irP8-00587-00138015-00138311 the kla due to numerous reports from
+HqlLt82irP8-00588-00138312-00138599 reputable unofficial sources
+HqlLt82irP8-00589-00138600-00138887 in 2004 john pilger claimed that for six
+HqlLt82irP8-00590-00138888-00139175 years prior to 1998 the kla had been
+HqlLt82irP8-00591-00139176-00139359 regarded by the united states as a
+HqlLt82irP8-00592-00139360-00139639 terrorist group in 2000. a bbc article
+HqlLt82irP8-00593-00139640-00139839 stated that nato at war shows how the
+HqlLt82irP8-00594-00139840-00140023 united states which had described the
+HqlLt82irP8-00595-00140024-00140263 kla as terrorist
+HqlLt82irP8-00596-00140264-00140487 now sought a relationship with the group
+HqlLt82irP8-00597-00140488-00140687 while the u.s officially described the
+HqlLt82irP8-00598-00140688-00140919 kla as terrorists author aleister
+HqlLt82irP8-00599-00140920-00141143 mckenzie claims the kla received
+HqlLt82irP8-00600-00141144-00141383 training by the u.s closest nato ally
+HqlLt82irP8-00601-00141384-00141647 the united kingdom since 1998 in a
+HqlLt82irP8-00602-00141648-00141823 training camp in the mountains above the
+HqlLt82irP8-00603-00141824-00142063 northern albanian town of byram curie
+HqlLt82irP8-00604-00142064-00142375 early in 1998 u.s envoy robert gelbard
+HqlLt82irP8-00605-00142376-00142639 referred to the kla as terrorists
+HqlLt82irP8-00606-00142640-00142831 responding to criticism he later
+HqlLt82irP8-00607-00142832-00142999 clarified to the house committee on
+HqlLt82irP8-00608-00143000-00143214 international relations that while it
+HqlLt82irP8-00609-00143215-00143447 has committed terrorist acts it has not
+HqlLt82irP8-00610-00143448-00143671 been classified legally by the u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-00611-00143672-00143990 government as a terrorist organization
+HqlLt82irP8-00612-00143991-00144287 in june 1998 he held talks with two men
+HqlLt82irP8-00613-00144288-00144447 who claimed they were political leaders
+HqlLt82irP8-00614-00144448-00144719 of the kla meanwhile the u.s held an
+HqlLt82irP8-00615-00144720-00145023 outer wall of sanctions on yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00616-00145024-00145190 which had been tied to a series of
+HqlLt82irP8-00617-00145191-00145439 issues kosovo being one of them
+HqlLt82irP8-00618-00145440-00145583 these were maintained despite the
+HqlLt82irP8-00619-00145584-00145854 agreement at dayton to end all sanctions
+HqlLt82irP8-00620-00145855-00146047 the clinton administration claimed that
+HqlLt82irP8-00621-00146048-00146231 dayton bound yugoslavia to hold
+HqlLt82irP8-00622-00146232-00146543 discussions with regova over kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00623-00146544-00146871 the crisis escalated in december 1997 at
+HqlLt82irP8-00624-00146872-00147078 the peace implementation council meeting
+HqlLt82irP8-00625-00147079-00147239 in bonn where the international
+HqlLt82irP8-00626-00147240-00147414 community as defined in the dayton
+HqlLt82irP8-00627-00147415-00147559 agreement agreed to give the high
+HqlLt82irP8-00628-00147560-00147807 representative in bosnia and herzegovina
+HqlLt82irP8-00629-00147808-00147999 sweeping powers including the right to
+HqlLt82irP8-00630-00148000-00148199 dismiss elected leaders
+HqlLt82irP8-00631-00148200-00148407 at the same time western diplomats
+HqlLt82irP8-00632-00148408-00148614 insisted that kosovo be discussed and
+HqlLt82irP8-00633-00148615-00148807 that yugoslavia be responsive to
+HqlLt82irP8-00634-00148808-00149007 albanian demands there
+HqlLt82irP8-00635-00149008-00149239 the delegation from yugoslavia stormed
+HqlLt82irP8-00636-00149240-00149431 out of the meetings in protest this was
+HqlLt82irP8-00637-00149432-00149614 followed by the return of the contact
+HqlLt82irP8-00638-00149615-00149814 group that oversaw the last phases of
+HqlLt82irP8-00639-00149815-00150023 the bosnian conflict and declarations
+HqlLt82irP8-00640-00150024-00150207 from european powers demanding that
+HqlLt82irP8-00641-00150208-00151054 yugoslavia solve the problem in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00642-00151055-00151495 war begins
+HqlLt82irP8-00643-00151496-00151766 kla attacks intensified centering on the
+HqlLt82irP8-00644-00151767-00151975 drenika valley area with the compound of
+HqlLt82irP8-00645-00151976-00152247 adem jasheri being a focal point
+HqlLt82irP8-00646-00152248-00152471 days after robert gelbard described the
+HqlLt82irP8-00647-00152472-00152743 kla as a terrorist group serbian police
+HqlLt82irP8-00648-00152744-00152951 responded to the kla attacks in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00649-00152952-00153207 likosan area and pursued some of the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-00650-00153208-00153447 to series resulting in the deaths of 16
+HqlLt82irP8-00651-00153448-00153647 albanian fighters and four serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00652-00153648-00153854 policemen despite some accusations of
+HqlLt82irP8-00653-00153855-00154039 summary executions and killings of
+HqlLt82irP8-00654-00154040-00154254 civilians condemnations from western
+HqlLt82irP8-00655-00154255-00154439 capitals were not as valuable as they
+HqlLt82irP8-00656-00154440-00154599 would become later
+HqlLt82irP8-00657-00154600-00154839 serb police began to pursue jasheri and
+HqlLt82irP8-00658-00154840-00155023 his followers in the village of daniel
+HqlLt82irP8-00659-00155024-00155143 precas
+HqlLt82irP8-00660-00155144-00155343 a massive firefight at the jasheri
+HqlLt82irP8-00661-00155344-00155551 compound led to the massacre of 60
+HqlLt82irP8-00662-00155552-00155814 albanians of which 18 were women and 10
+HqlLt82irP8-00663-00155815-00156031 were under the age of 16.
+HqlLt82irP8-00664-00156032-00156326 this march 5 1998 event provoked massive
+HqlLt82irP8-00665-00156327-00156599 condemnation from western capitals
+HqlLt82irP8-00666-00156600-00156863 madeleine albright said that this crisis
+HqlLt82irP8-00667-00156864-00157239 is not an internal affair of the fry
+HqlLt82irP8-00668-00157240-00157526 on march 24 yugoslav forces surrounded
+HqlLt82irP8-00669-00157527-00157702 the village of glo-gen and attacked a
+HqlLt82irP8-00670-00157703-00157887 rebel compound there
+HqlLt82irP8-00671-00157888-00158151 despite superior firepower the yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-00672-00158152-00158383 forces failed to destroy the kla unit
+HqlLt82irP8-00673-00158384-00158575 which had been their objective
+HqlLt82irP8-00674-00158576-00158735 although there were deaths and severe
+HqlLt82irP8-00675-00158736-00158919 injuries on the albanian side the
+HqlLt82irP8-00676-00158920-00159119 insurgency in glojan was far from
+HqlLt82irP8-00677-00159120-00159254 stamped out
+HqlLt82irP8-00678-00159255-00159414 it was in fact to become one of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00679-00159415-00159607 strongest centers of resistance in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00680-00159608-00159951 upcoming war the kla's first goal was
+HqlLt82irP8-00681-00159952-00160135 thus to merge its drenuka stronghold
+HqlLt82irP8-00682-00160136-00160351 with their stronghold in albania proper
+HqlLt82irP8-00683-00160352-00160502 and this would shape the first few
+HqlLt82irP8-00684-00160503-00160695 months of the fighting a new yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-00685-00160696-00160895 government was also formed at this time
+HqlLt82irP8-00686-00160896-00161102 led by the socialist party of serbia and
+HqlLt82irP8-00687-00161103-00161323 the serbian radical party
+HqlLt82irP8-00688-00161324-00161551 ultra-nationalist radical party chairman
+HqlLt82irP8-00689-00161552-00161799 vogeslav seshel became a deputy prime
+HqlLt82irP8-00690-00161800-00161919 minister
+HqlLt82irP8-00691-00161920-00162119 this increased the dissatisfaction with
+HqlLt82irP8-00692-00162120-00162295 the country's position among western
+HqlLt82irP8-00693-00162296-00162551 diplomats and spokespersons
+HqlLt82irP8-00694-00162552-00162775 in early april serbia arranged for a
+HqlLt82irP8-00695-00162776-00162935 referendum on the issue of foreign
+HqlLt82irP8-00696-00162936-00163151 interference in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00697-00163152-00163366 serbian voters decisively rejected
+HqlLt82irP8-00698-00163367-00163590 foreign interference in this crisis
+HqlLt82irP8-00699-00163591-00163814 meanwhile the kla claimed much of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00700-00163815-00164007 area in and around deccan and ran a
+HqlLt82irP8-00701-00164008-00164166 territory based in the village of
+HqlLt82irP8-00702-00164167-00164447 glodain encompassing its surroundings
+HqlLt82irP8-00703-00164448-00164823 so on may 31 1998 the yugoslav army and
+HqlLt82irP8-00704-00164824-00165031 the serb ministry of the interior police
+HqlLt82irP8-00705-00165032-00165214 began an operation to clear the border
+HqlLt82irP8-00706-00165215-00165366 of the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-00707-00165367-00165575 nato's response to this offensive was
+HqlLt82irP8-00708-00165576-00165814 mid-june's operation determined falcon
+HqlLt82irP8-00709-00165815-00166038 an air show over the yugoslav borders
+HqlLt82irP8-00710-00166039-00166254 during this time the yugoslav president
+HqlLt82irP8-00711-00166255-00166447 milosevic reached an arrangement with
+HqlLt82irP8-00712-00166448-00166614 boris yeltsin of russia to stop
+HqlLt82irP8-00713-00166615-00166823 offensive operations and prepare for
+HqlLt82irP8-00714-00166824-00166999 talks with the albanians who through
+HqlLt82irP8-00715-00167000-00167199 this whole crisis refused to talk to the
+HqlLt82irP8-00716-00167200-00167471 serbian side but not the yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-00717-00167472-00167647 in fact the only meeting between
+HqlLt82irP8-00718-00167648-00167887 milosevic and ibrahim regova happened on
+HqlLt82irP8-00719-00167888-00168119 the 15th of may in belgrade two days
+HqlLt82irP8-00720-00168120-00168287 after richard holbrooke announced that
+HqlLt82irP8-00721-00168288-00168454 it would take place
+HqlLt82irP8-00722-00168455-00168695 one month later holbrook after a trip to
+HqlLt82irP8-00723-00168696-00168887 belgrade where he threatened milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-00724-00168888-00169111 that if he did not obey what's left of
+HqlLt82irP8-00725-00169112-00169302 your country will implode
+HqlLt82irP8-00726-00169303-00169511 he visited the border areas affected by
+HqlLt82irP8-00727-00169512-00169711 the fighting in early june there he was
+HqlLt82irP8-00728-00169712-00169975 famously photographed with the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-00729-00169976-00170175 the publication of these images sent a
+HqlLt82irP8-00730-00170176-00170399 signal to the kla its supporters and
+HqlLt82irP8-00731-00170400-00170638 sympathizers and to observers in general
+HqlLt82irP8-00732-00170639-00170847 that the u.s was decisively backing the
+HqlLt82irP8-00733-00170848-00171078 kla and the albanian population in
+HqlLt82irP8-00734-00171079-00171295 kosovo the yeltsin agreement included
+HqlLt82irP8-00735-00171296-00171495 milosevic as allowing international
+HqlLt82irP8-00736-00171496-00171678 representatives to set up a mission in
+HqlLt82irP8-00737-00171679-00171951 kosovo to monitor the situation there
+HqlLt82irP8-00738-00171952-00172183 this was the kosovo diplomatic observer
+HqlLt82irP8-00739-00172184-00172454 mission kdom that began operations in
+HqlLt82irP8-00740-00172455-00172599 early july
+HqlLt82irP8-00741-00172600-00172790 the u.s government welcomed this part of
+HqlLt82irP8-00742-00172791-00172935 the agreement but denounced the
+HqlLt82irP8-00743-00172936-00173223 initiative's call for a mutual ceasefire
+HqlLt82irP8-00744-00173224-00173447 rather the u.s demanded that the serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00745-00173448-00173647 yugoslavian side should cease fire
+HqlLt82irP8-00746-00173648-00173878 without linkage
+HqlLt82irP8-00747-00173879-00174207 to a cessation in terrorist activities
+HqlLt82irP8-00748-00174208-00174423 all through june and into mid-july the
+HqlLt82irP8-00749-00174424-00174671 kla maintained its advance
+HqlLt82irP8-00750-00174672-00174959 kla surrounded peck dakovaca and had set
+HqlLt82irP8-00751-00174960-00175135 up an interim capital in the town of
+HqlLt82irP8-00752-00175136-00175390 malasevo north of orohovac
+HqlLt82irP8-00753-00175391-00175678 the kla troops infiltrated suvarika and
+HqlLt82irP8-00754-00175679-00175895 the northwest of priesthina
+HqlLt82irP8-00755-00175896-00176111 they moved on to the belacevic coal pits
+HqlLt82irP8-00756-00176112-00176263 and captured them in late june
+HqlLt82irP8-00757-00176264-00176423 threatening energy supplies in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00758-00176424-00176526 region
+HqlLt82irP8-00759-00176527-00176759 their tactics as usual focused mainly on
+HqlLt82irP8-00760-00176760-00176926 guerrilla and mountain warfare and
+HqlLt82irP8-00761-00176927-00177190 harassing and ambushing yugoslav forces
+HqlLt82irP8-00762-00177191-00177407 and serb police patrols the tide turned
+HqlLt82irP8-00763-00177408-00177607 in mid-july when the kla captured
+HqlLt82irP8-00764-00177608-00177743 orohovac
+HqlLt82irP8-00765-00177744-00178071 on the 17th of july 1998. too close by
+HqlLt82irP8-00766-00178072-00178295 villages to aurahovac retimlege and
+HqlLt82irP8-00767-00178296-00178535 opterusa were also captured
+HqlLt82irP8-00768-00178536-00178766 similarly less systematic events took
+HqlLt82irP8-00769-00178767-00178959 place in orohovac and the larger
+HqlLt82irP8-00770-00178960-00179247 serb-populated village of velika hoka
+HqlLt82irP8-00771-00179248-00179478 the orthodox monastery of zosie stay
+HqlLt82irP8-00772-00179479-00179823 three miles 4.8 kilometers from orhavak
+HqlLt82irP8-00773-00179824-00179983 famous for the relics of the saints
+HqlLt82irP8-00774-00179984-00180231 cosmas and demianas and revered also by
+HqlLt82irP8-00775-00180232-00180487 local albanians was robbed its monks
+HqlLt82irP8-00776-00180488-00180743 deported to a kla prison camp and while
+HqlLt82irP8-00777-00180744-00180959 empty the monastery church and all its
+HqlLt82irP8-00778-00180960-00181119 buildings were leveled to the ground by
+HqlLt82irP8-00779-00181120-00181223 mining
+HqlLt82irP8-00780-00181224-00181399 this led to a series of serb and
+HqlLt82irP8-00781-00181400-00181614 yugoslav offensives which would continue
+HqlLt82irP8-00782-00181615-00181814 into the beginning of august a new set
+HqlLt82irP8-00783-00181815-00182047 of kla attacks in mid-august triggered
+HqlLt82irP8-00784-00182048-00182287 yugoslavian operations in south central
+HqlLt82irP8-00785-00182288-00182566 kosovo south of the pristina peck road
+HqlLt82irP8-00786-00182567-00182726 this wound down with the capture of
+HqlLt82irP8-00787-00182727-00182983 klecka on august 23 and the discovery of
+HqlLt82irP8-00788-00182984-00183223 a kla run crematorium in which some of
+HqlLt82irP8-00789-00183224-00183399 their victims were found
+HqlLt82irP8-00790-00183400-00183654 the kla began an offensive on september
+HqlLt82irP8-00791-00183655-00183911 1 around priesthran causing yugoslavian
+HqlLt82irP8-00792-00183912-00184119 military activity there
+HqlLt82irP8-00793-00184120-00184359 in western kosovo around peck another
+HqlLt82irP8-00794-00184360-00184551 offensive caused condemnation as
+HqlLt82irP8-00795-00184552-00184759 international officials expressed fear
+HqlLt82irP8-00796-00184760-00184959 that a large column of displaced people
+HqlLt82irP8-00797-00184960-00185166 would be attacked in early mid-september
+HqlLt82irP8-00798-00185167-00185390 for the first time kla activity was
+HqlLt82irP8-00799-00185391-00185566 reported in northern kosovo around
+HqlLt82irP8-00800-00185567-00185719 pedujevo
+HqlLt82irP8-00801-00185720-00185943 finally in late september a determined
+HqlLt82irP8-00802-00185944-00186135 effort was made to clear the kla out of
+HqlLt82irP8-00803-00186136-00186350 the northern and central parts of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00804-00186351-00186590 and out of the drenika valley itself
+HqlLt82irP8-00805-00186591-00186783 during this time many threats were made
+HqlLt82irP8-00806-00186784-00186959 from western capitals but these were
+HqlLt82irP8-00807-00186960-00187135 tempered somewhat by the elections in
+HqlLt82irP8-00808-00187136-00187335 bosnia as they did not want serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00809-00187336-00187566 democrats and radicals to win
+HqlLt82irP8-00810-00187567-00187743 following the elections the threats
+HqlLt82irP8-00811-00187744-00187975 intensified once again but a galvanizing
+HqlLt82irP8-00812-00187976-00188119 event was needed
+HqlLt82irP8-00813-00188120-00188326 they got it on september 28 when the
+HqlLt82irP8-00814-00188327-00188519 mutilated corpses of a family were
+HqlLt82irP8-00815-00188520-00188759 discovered by kdom outside the village
+HqlLt82irP8-00816-00188760-00188983 of gornje obranje the bloody doll from
+HqlLt82irP8-00817-00188984-00189150 there became the rallying image for the
+HqlLt82irP8-00818-00189151-00189799 ensuing war
+HqlLt82irP8-00819-00189800-00190183 morale
+HqlLt82irP8-00820-00190184-00190399 morale was a serious problem for serb
+HqlLt82irP8-00821-00190400-00190623 forces intelligence surveys found that
+HqlLt82irP8-00822-00190624-00190783 many soldiers disagreed with their
+HqlLt82irP8-00823-00190784-00190966 comrades actions
+HqlLt82irP8-00824-00190967-00191183 one tank commander reported for the
+HqlLt82irP8-00825-00191184-00191463 entire time i was in kosovo i never saw
+HqlLt82irP8-00826-00191464-00191687 an enemy soldier and my unit was never
+HqlLt82irP8-00827-00191688-00192031 once involved in firing at enemy targets
+HqlLt82irP8-00828-00192032-00192350 the tanks which cost 2.5 million
+HqlLt82irP8-00829-00192351-00192559 each were used to slaughter albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-00830-00192560-00192775 children
+HqlLt82irP8-00831-00192776-00193078 i am ashamed when retreating from kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00832-00193079-00193319 after nato intervention yugoslav units
+HqlLt82irP8-00833-00193320-00193478 appeared combat effective with high
+HqlLt82irP8-00834-00193479-00193687 morale and displaying large holdings of
+HqlLt82irP8-00835-00193688-00193871 undamaged equipment
+HqlLt82irP8-00836-00193872-00194054 weeks before the end of hostilities
+HqlLt82irP8-00837-00194055-00194302 david frumkin has noted that it seemed
+HqlLt82irP8-00838-00194303-00194519 possible that nato unity might crack
+HqlLt82irP8-00839-00194520-00194878 before yugoslav morale did when clinton
+HqlLt82irP8-00840-00194879-00195047 announced it would not deploy ground
+HqlLt82irP8-00841-00195048-00195223 troops that made a tremendous boost to
+HqlLt82irP8-00842-00195224-00195919 serbian morale
+HqlLt82irP8-00843-00195920-00196790 un nato and osce 1998-1999
+HqlLt82irP8-00844-00196791-00197078 on the 9th of june 1998 u.s president
+HqlLt82irP8-00845-00197079-00197295 bill clinton declared a national
+HqlLt82irP8-00846-00197296-00197431 emergency
+HqlLt82irP8-00847-00197432-00197702 state of emergency due to the unusual
+HqlLt82irP8-00848-00197703-00197935 and extraordinary threat to the national
+HqlLt82irP8-00849-00197936-00198150 security and foreign policy of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00850-00198151-00198359 united states
+HqlLt82irP8-00851-00198360-00198599 imposed by yugoslavia and serbia over
+HqlLt82irP8-00852-00198600-00198863 the kosovo war on the 23rd of september
+HqlLt82irP8-00853-00198864-00199119 1998 acting under chapter 7 of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00854-00199120-00199359 united nations charter the un security
+HqlLt82irP8-00855-00199360-00199678 council adopted resolution 1199
+HqlLt82irP8-00856-00199679-00199902 this expressed grave concern at reports
+HqlLt82irP8-00857-00199903-00200111 reaching the secretary-general that over
+HqlLt82irP8-00858-00200112-00200375 230 000 people had been displaced from
+HqlLt82irP8-00859-00200376-00200535 their homes by the excessive and
+HqlLt82irP8-00860-00200536-00200750 indiscriminate use of force by serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-00861-00200751-00200999 security forces and the yugoslav army
+HqlLt82irP8-00862-00201000-00201214 demanding that all parties in kosovo and
+HqlLt82irP8-00863-00201215-00201423 the federal republic of yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-00864-00201424-00201663 serbia and montenegro cease hostilities
+HqlLt82irP8-00865-00201664-00201854 and maintain a ceasefire
+HqlLt82irP8-00866-00201855-00202063 on the 24th of september the north
+HqlLt82irP8-00867-00202064-00202390 atlantic council nac of nato issued an
+HqlLt82irP8-00868-00202391-00202635 activation warning
+HqlLt82irP8-00869-00202636-00202902 actwarn taking nato to an increased
+HqlLt82irP8-00870-00202903-00203119 level of military preparedness for both
+HqlLt82irP8-00871-00203120-00203311 a limited air option and a phased air
+HqlLt82irP8-00872-00203312-00203511 campaign in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00873-00203512-00203702 the other major issue for those who saw
+HqlLt82irP8-00874-00203703-00203895 no option but to resort to the use of
+HqlLt82irP8-00875-00203896-00204166 force was the estimated 250 000
+HqlLt82irP8-00876-00204167-00204423 displaced albanians 30 000 of whom were
+HqlLt82irP8-00877-00204424-00204607 out in the woods without warm clothing
+HqlLt82irP8-00878-00204608-00204919 or shelter with winter fast approaching
+HqlLt82irP8-00879-00204919-00205127 meanwhile the u.s ambassador to the
+HqlLt82irP8-00880-00205128-00205375 republic of macedonia christopher hill
+HqlLt82irP8-00881-00205376-00205582 was leading shuttle diplomacy between an
+HqlLt82irP8-00882-00205583-00205814 albanian delegation led by regova and
+HqlLt82irP8-00883-00205815-00206079 the yugoslav and serbian authorities
+HqlLt82irP8-00884-00206080-00206255 it was these meetings which were shaping
+HqlLt82irP8-00885-00206256-00206406 what was to be the peace plan to be
+HqlLt82irP8-00886-00206407-00206590 discussed during a period of planned
+HqlLt82irP8-00887-00206591-00206831 nato occupation of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00888-00206832-00207046 during a period of two weeks threats
+HqlLt82irP8-00889-00207048-00207246 intensified culminating in nato's
+HqlLt82irP8-00890-00207248-00207471 activation order being given
+HqlLt82irP8-00891-00207471-00207686 nato was ready to begin airstrikes and
+HqlLt82irP8-00892-00207687-00207879 richard holbrook went to belgrade in the
+HqlLt82irP8-00893-00207880-00208014 hope of reaching an agreement with
+HqlLt82irP8-00894-00208015-00208166 milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-00895-00208167-00208366 officially the international community
+HqlLt82irP8-00896-00208367-00208551 demanded an end to fighting it
+HqlLt82irP8-00897-00208552-00208694 specifically demanded that the
+HqlLt82irP8-00898-00208696-00208910 yugoslavia end its offensives against
+HqlLt82irP8-00899-00208911-00209119 the kla whilst attempting to convince
+HqlLt82irP8-00900-00209119-00209431 the kla to drop its bid for independence
+HqlLt82irP8-00901-00209432-00209646 attempts were made to persuade milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-00902-00209648-00209831 to permit nato peacekeeping troops to
+HqlLt82irP8-00903-00209832-00209991 enter kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00904-00209992-00210158 this they argued would allow for the
+HqlLt82irP8-00905-00210159-00210327 christopher hill peace process to
+HqlLt82irP8-00906-00210328-00210582 proceed and yield a peace agreement
+HqlLt82irP8-00907-00210583-00210879 on the 13th of october 1998 the north
+HqlLt82irP8-00908-00210880-00211087 atlantic council issued activation
+HqlLt82irP8-00909-00211088-00211171 orders
+HqlLt82irP8-00910-00211171-00211406 actords for the execution of both
+HqlLt82irP8-00911-00211407-00211591 limited air strikes and a phased air
+HqlLt82irP8-00912-00211592-00211806 campaign in yugoslavia which would begin
+HqlLt82irP8-00913-00211807-00212071 in approximately 96 hours
+HqlLt82irP8-00914-00212071-00212334 on the 15th of october the nato kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00915-00212335-00212598 verification mission kvm agreement for a
+HqlLt82irP8-00916-00212600-00212791 ceasefire was signed and the deadline
+HqlLt82irP8-00917-00212792-00213023 for withdrawal was extended to the 27th
+HqlLt82irP8-00918-00213023-00213167 of october
+HqlLt82irP8-00919-00213167-00213367 the serbian withdrawal commenced on or
+HqlLt82irP8-00920-00213367-00213663 around the 25th of october 1998. and
+HqlLt82irP8-00921-00213664-00213839 operation eagle-eye commenced on the
+HqlLt82irP8-00922-00213840-00214103 30th of october the kvm was a large
+HqlLt82irP8-00923-00214104-00214310 contingent of unarmed organization for
+HqlLt82irP8-00924-00214311-00214615 security and cooperation in europe osce
+HqlLt82irP8-00925-00214616-00214806 peace monitors officially known as
+HqlLt82irP8-00926-00214807-00215079 verifiers that moved into kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00927-00215080-00215255 their inadequacy was evident from the
+HqlLt82irP8-00928-00215256-00215527 start they were nicknamed the clockwork
+HqlLt82irP8-00929-00215528-00215639 oranges
+HqlLt82irP8-00930-00215640-00215806 in reference to their brightly colored
+HqlLt82irP8-00931-00215807-00216055 vehicles fighting resumed in december
+HqlLt82irP8-00932-00216056-00216287 1998 after both sides broke the
+HqlLt82irP8-00933-00216288-00216487 ceasefire and this surge in violence
+HqlLt82irP8-00934-00216488-00216671 culminated in the killing of zevonko
+HqlLt82irP8-00935-00216671-00216871 bojanic the serb mayor of the town of
+HqlLt82irP8-00936-00216871-00217039 kosovo pulge
+HqlLt82irP8-00937-00217040-00217255 yugoslav authorities responded by
+HqlLt82irP8-00938-00217256-00217446 launching a crackdown against kla
+HqlLt82irP8-00939-00217448-00217742 militants the january to march 1999
+HqlLt82irP8-00940-00217744-00217910 phase of the war brought increasing
+HqlLt82irP8-00941-00217911-00218134 insecurity in urban areas including
+HqlLt82irP8-00942-00218135-00218319 bombings and murders
+HqlLt82irP8-00943-00218319-00218487 such attacks took place during the
+HqlLt82irP8-00944-00218488-00218703 ramboulay talks in february and as the
+HqlLt82irP8-00945-00218704-00218942 kosovo verification agreement unravelled
+HqlLt82irP8-00946-00218944-00219071 in march
+HqlLt82irP8-00947-00219071-00219255 killings on the roads continued and
+HqlLt82irP8-00948-00219256-00219439 increased there were military
+HqlLt82irP8-00949-00219440-00219663 confrontations in among other places the
+HqlLt82irP8-00950-00219664-00219863 vucitern area in february and the
+HqlLt82irP8-00951-00219864-00220087 heretofore unaffected cacannic area in
+HqlLt82irP8-00952-00220088-00220334 early march
+HqlLt82irP8-00953-00220335-00220646 on the 15th of january 1999 the racic
+HqlLt82irP8-00954-00220648-00220934 massacre occurred when 45 kosavan
+HqlLt82irP8-00955-00220935-00221182 albanian farmers were rounded up led up
+HqlLt82irP8-00956-00221183-00221282 a hill and
+HqlLt82irP8-00957-00221283-00221575 massacred the bodies had been discovered
+HqlLt82irP8-00958-00221576-00221823 by osce monitors including head of
+HqlLt82irP8-00959-00221823-00222023 mission william walker and foreign news
+HqlLt82irP8-00960-00222023-00222182 correspondents
+HqlLt82irP8-00961-00222183-00222471 yugoslavia denied a massacre took place
+HqlLt82irP8-00962-00222471-00222679 the racic massacre was the culmination
+HqlLt82irP8-00963-00222680-00222887 of the kla attacks and yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-00964-00222888-00223071 reprisals that had continued throughout
+HqlLt82irP8-00965-00223071-00223398 the winter of 1998-1999
+HqlLt82irP8-00966-00223400-00223582 the incident was immediately condemned
+HqlLt82irP8-00967-00223583-00223782 as a massacre by the western countries
+HqlLt82irP8-00968-00223783-00224006 and the united nations security council
+HqlLt82irP8-00969-00224007-00224198 and later became the basis of one of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00970-00224200-00224391 charges of war crimes leveled against
+HqlLt82irP8-00971-00224392-00224655 milosevic and his top officials
+HqlLt82irP8-00972-00224656-00224839 this massacre was the turning point of
+HqlLt82irP8-00973-00224840-00225094 the war nato decided that the conflict
+HqlLt82irP8-00974-00225096-00225279 could only be settled by introducing a
+HqlLt82irP8-00975-00225280-00225479 military peacekeeping force under the
+HqlLt82irP8-00976-00225480-00225710 auspices of nato to forcibly restrain
+HqlLt82irP8-00977-00225711-00225863 the two sides
+HqlLt82irP8-00978-00225864-00226103 priesthina the capital of kosovo had
+HqlLt82irP8-00979-00226104-00226303 been subjected to heavy firefights and
+HqlLt82irP8-00980-00226304-00227158 segregation according to osce reports
+HqlLt82irP8-00981-00227159-00227398 the ramboulay conference january to
+HqlLt82irP8-00982-00227400-00227919 march 1999.
+HqlLt82irP8-00983-00227919-00228255 on the 30th of january 1999 nato issued
+HqlLt82irP8-00984-00228256-00228415 a statement announcing that the north
+HqlLt82irP8-00985-00228416-00228623 atlantic council had agreed that the
+HqlLt82irP8-00986-00228623-00228903 nato secretary general may authorize air
+HqlLt82irP8-00987-00228904-00229255 strikes against targets on fry territory
+HqlLt82irP8-00988-00229256-00229551 2. compel compliance with the demands of
+HqlLt82irP8-00989-00229552-00229751 the international community and to
+HqlLt82irP8-00990-00229752-00230039 achieve a political settlement
+HqlLt82irP8-00991-00230040-00230231 while this was most obviously a threat
+HqlLt82irP8-00992-00230232-00230423 to the milosevic government it also
+HqlLt82irP8-00993-00230423-00230646 included a coded threat to the albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-00994-00230648-00230831 any decision would depend on the
+HqlLt82irP8-00995-00230832-00231019 position and actions of the
+HqlLt82irP8-00996-00231019-00231282 kosovo-albanian leadership and all
+HqlLt82irP8-00997-00231283-00231463 kosovo-albanian-armed elements in and
+HqlLt82irP8-00998-00231464-00231679 around kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-00999-00231680-00231982 also on the 30th of january 1999 the
+HqlLt82irP8-01000-00231983-00232179 contact group issued a set of
+HqlLt82irP8-01001-00232180-00232471 non-negotiable principles which made up
+HqlLt82irP8-01002-00232471-00232823 a package known as status quo plus
+HqlLt82irP8-01003-00232823-00233067 effectively the restoration of kosovo's
+HqlLt82irP8-01004-00233067-00233358 pre-1990 autonomy within serbia plus the
+HqlLt82irP8-01005-00233359-00233519 introduction of democracy and
+HqlLt82irP8-01006-00233519-00233671 supervision by international
+HqlLt82irP8-01007-00233671-00233831 organizations
+HqlLt82irP8-01008-00233832-00234023 it also called for a peace conference to
+HqlLt82irP8-01009-00234023-00234294 be held in february 1999 at the chateau
+HqlLt82irP8-01010-00234296-00234575 de ramboulais outside paris
+HqlLt82irP8-01011-00234576-00234806 the rambulay talks began on the 6th of
+HqlLt82irP8-01012-00234807-00235103 february 1999 with nato secretary
+HqlLt82irP8-01013-00235104-00235327 general javier solana negotiating with
+HqlLt82irP8-01014-00235328-00235471 both sides
+HqlLt82irP8-01015-00235471-00235631 they were intended to conclude by the
+HqlLt82irP8-01016-00235632-00235934 19th of february the fr yugoslavian
+HqlLt82irP8-01017-00235935-00236151 delegation was led by then president of
+HqlLt82irP8-01018-00236152-00236391 serbia milan maladanovic while milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-01019-00236392-00236606 himself remained in belgrade
+HqlLt82irP8-01020-00236607-00236894 this was in contrast to the 1995 dayton
+HqlLt82irP8-01021-00236896-00237110 conference that ended the war in bosnia
+HqlLt82irP8-01022-00237111-00237398 where milosevic negotiated in person
+HqlLt82irP8-01023-00237400-00237631 the absence of milosevic was interpreted
+HqlLt82irP8-01024-00237632-00237823 as a sign that the real decisions were
+HqlLt82irP8-01025-00237823-00238023 being made back in belgrade a move that
+HqlLt82irP8-01026-00238023-00238263 aroused criticism in yugoslavia as well
+HqlLt82irP8-01027-00238264-00238494 as abroad kosovo's serbian orthodox
+HqlLt82irP8-01028-00238496-00238687 bishop artimich traveled all the way to
+HqlLt82irP8-01029-00238688-00238894 ramboulay to protest that the delegation
+HqlLt82irP8-01030-00238896-00239103 was wholly unrepresentative
+HqlLt82irP8-01031-00239104-00239287 at this time speculation about an
+HqlLt82irP8-01032-00239288-00239503 indictment of milosevic for war crimes
+HqlLt82irP8-01033-00239504-00239694 was rife so his absence may have been
+HqlLt82irP8-01034-00239696-00239951 motivated by fear of arrest
+HqlLt82irP8-01035-00239952-00240151 the first phase of negotiations was
+HqlLt82irP8-01036-00240152-00240423 successful in particular a statement was
+HqlLt82irP8-01037-00240423-00240630 issued by the contact group co-chairman
+HqlLt82irP8-01038-00240631-00240910 on the 23rd of february 1999 that the
+HqlLt82irP8-01039-00240911-00241198 negotiations have led to a consensus on
+HqlLt82irP8-01040-00241200-00241446 substantial autonomy for kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01041-00241448-00241671 including on mechanisms for free and
+HqlLt82irP8-01042-00241671-00241863 fair elections to democratic
+HqlLt82irP8-01043-00241864-00242055 institutions for the governance of
+HqlLt82irP8-01044-00242056-00242279 kosovo for the protection of human
+HqlLt82irP8-01045-00242280-00242446 rights and the rights of members of
+HqlLt82irP8-01046-00242448-00242623 national communities and for the
+HqlLt82irP8-01047-00242623-00242991 establishment of a fair judicial system
+HqlLt82irP8-01048-00242992-00243215 they went on to say that a political
+HqlLt82irP8-01049-00243216-00243463 framework is now in place
+HqlLt82irP8-01050-00243464-00243671 leaving the further work of finalizing
+HqlLt82irP8-01051-00243671-00243879 the implementation chapters of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01052-00243880-00244094 agreement including the modalities of
+HqlLt82irP8-01053-00244096-00244327 the invited international civilian and
+HqlLt82irP8-01054-00244328-00244727 military presence in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01055-00244728-00244934 while the accords did not fully satisfy
+HqlLt82irP8-01056-00244935-00245151 the albanians they were much too radical
+HqlLt82irP8-01057-00245152-00245358 for the yugoslavs who responded by
+HqlLt82irP8-01058-00245359-00245591 substituting a drastically revised text
+HqlLt82irP8-01059-00245592-00245863 that even russia ally of fr yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01060-00245864-00246023 found unacceptable
+HqlLt82irP8-01061-00246023-00246223 it sought to reopen the painstakingly
+HqlLt82irP8-01062-00246223-00246479 negotiated political status of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01063-00246480-00246630 and deleted all of the proposed
+HqlLt82irP8-01064-00246631-00246830 implementation measures
+HqlLt82irP8-01065-00246831-00247046 among many other changes in the proposed
+HqlLt82irP8-01066-00247048-00247263 new version it eliminated the entire
+HqlLt82irP8-01067-00247264-00247463 chapter on humanitarian assistance and
+HqlLt82irP8-01068-00247464-00247671 reconstruction removed virtually all
+HqlLt82irP8-01069-00247671-00247863 international oversight and dropped any
+HqlLt82irP8-01070-00247864-00248071 mention of invoking the will of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01071-00248071-00248271 people of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01072-00248271-00248463 in determining the final status of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01073-00248464-00248606 province
+HqlLt82irP8-01074-00248607-00248934 on the 18th of march 1999 the albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-01075-00248935-00249158 u.s and british delegations signed what
+HqlLt82irP8-01076-00249159-00249342 became known as the rambulay accords
+HqlLt82irP8-01077-00249344-00249494 while the yugoslav and russian
+HqlLt82irP8-01078-00249496-00249687 delegations refused
+HqlLt82irP8-01079-00249688-00249839 the accords called for nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01080-00249840-00250023 administration of kosovo as an
+HqlLt82irP8-01081-00250023-00250263 autonomous province within yugoslavia a
+HqlLt82irP8-01082-00250264-00250519 force of 30 000 nato troops to maintain
+HqlLt82irP8-01083-00250519-00250758 order in kosovo an unhindered right of
+HqlLt82irP8-01084-00250759-00250982 passage for nato troops on yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-01085-00250983-00251230 territory including kosovo and immunity
+HqlLt82irP8-01086-00251231-00251534 for nato and its agents to yugoslav law
+HqlLt82irP8-01087-00251535-00251679 they would have also permitted a
+HqlLt82irP8-01088-00251680-00251930 continuing yugoslav army presence of
+HqlLt82irP8-01089-00251931-00252215 1500 troops for border monitoring backed
+HqlLt82irP8-01090-00252216-00252471 by up to 1 000 troops to perform command
+HqlLt82irP8-01091-00252471-00252687 and support functions as well as a small
+HqlLt82irP8-01092-00252688-00253006 number of border police 2500 ordinary
+HqlLt82irP8-01093-00253007-00253255 mup for public security purposes
+HqlLt82irP8-01094-00253256-00253406 although these were expected to draw
+HqlLt82irP8-01095-00253407-00253646 down and to be transformed and 3000
+HqlLt82irP8-01096-00253648-00253839 local police although the yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-01097-00253840-00254046 government cited military provisions of
+HqlLt82irP8-01098-00254048-00254279 appendix b of the rambulay provisions as
+HqlLt82irP8-01099-00254280-00254471 the reason for its objections claiming
+HqlLt82irP8-01100-00254471-00254671 that it was an unacceptable violation of
+HqlLt82irP8-01101-00254671-00254855 yugoslavia's sovereignty these
+HqlLt82irP8-01102-00254856-00255039 provisions were essentially the same as
+HqlLt82irP8-01103-00255040-00255294 had been applied to bosnia for the sfor
+HqlLt82irP8-01104-00255296-00255479 stabilization force mission there after
+HqlLt82irP8-01105-00255480-00255758 the dayton agreement in 1995.
+HqlLt82irP8-01106-00255759-00255958 the two sides did not discuss the issue
+HqlLt82irP8-01107-00255959-00256151 in detail because of their disagreements
+HqlLt82irP8-01108-00256152-00256375 on more fundamental problems
+HqlLt82irP8-01109-00256376-00256615 in particular the serb side rejected the
+HqlLt82irP8-01110-00256616-00256823 idea of any nato troop presence in
+HqlLt82irP8-01111-00256823-00257071 kosovo to replace their security forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01112-00257071-00257327 preferring unarmed u.n observers
+HqlLt82irP8-01113-00257328-00257567 milosevic himself had refused to discuss
+HqlLt82irP8-01114-00257567-00257767 the annex after informing nato that it
+HqlLt82irP8-01115-00257767-00257991 was unacceptable even after he was asked
+HqlLt82irP8-01116-00257992-00258182 to propose amendments to the provisions
+HqlLt82irP8-01117-00258183-00258334 which would have made them acceptable
+HqlLt82irP8-01118-00258335-00258519 events proceeded rapidly after the
+HqlLt82irP8-01119-00258519-00258719 failure at rambulay and the alternative
+HqlLt82irP8-01120-00258719-00258903 yugoslav proposal
+HqlLt82irP8-01121-00258904-00259167 the international monitors from the osce
+HqlLt82irP8-01122-00259167-00259406 withdrew on the 22nd of march for fear
+HqlLt82irP8-01123-00259407-00259575 of the monitor's safety ahead of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01124-00259576-00259823 anticipated nato bombing campaign on the
+HqlLt82irP8-01125-00259823-00260046 23rd of march the serbian assembly
+HqlLt82irP8-01126-00260048-00260255 accepted the principle of autonomy for
+HqlLt82irP8-01127-00260256-00260455 kosovo and non-military part of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01128-00260456-00260655 agreement while rejecting a nato troop
+HqlLt82irP8-01129-00260656-00261246 presence
+HqlLt82irP8-01130-00261248-00261839 topic nato bombing timeline
+HqlLt82irP8-01131-00261840-00262199 on the 23rd of march 1999 at 2130
+HqlLt82irP8-01132-00262200-00262399 coordinated universal time richard
+HqlLt82irP8-01133-00262400-00262567 holbrooke returned to brussels and
+HqlLt82irP8-01134-00262568-00262751 announced that peace talks had failed
+HqlLt82irP8-01135-00262752-00262943 and formally handed the matter to nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01136-00262944-00263127 for military action
+HqlLt82irP8-01137-00263128-00263358 hours before the announcement yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01138-00263359-00263551 announced on national television it had
+HqlLt82irP8-01139-00263552-00263767 declared a state of emergency citing an
+HqlLt82irP8-01140-00263768-00263975 imminent threat of war and began a huge
+HqlLt82irP8-01141-00263976-00264206 mobilization of troops and resources on
+HqlLt82irP8-01142-00264207-00264582 the 23rd of march 1999 at 2217
+HqlLt82irP8-01143-00264583-00264839 coordinated universal time the secretary
+HqlLt82irP8-01144-00264840-00265110 general of nato javier solana announced
+HqlLt82irP8-01145-00265111-00265279 he had directed the supreme allied
+HqlLt82irP8-01146-00265280-00265615 commander europe saceur u.s army general
+HqlLt82irP8-01147-00265616-00265934 wesley clark ii initiate air operations
+HqlLt82irP8-01148-00265935-00266230 in the federal republic of yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01149-00266231-00266551 on the 24th of march at 1900 coordinated
+HqlLt82irP8-01150-00266552-00266782 universal time nato started its bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-01151-00266783-00267006 campaign against yugoslavia nato's
+HqlLt82irP8-01152-00267007-00267255 bombing campaign lasted from the 24th of
+HqlLt82irP8-01153-00267256-00267567 march to the 11th of june 1999 involving
+HqlLt82irP8-01154-00267568-00267815 up to 1000 aircraft operating mainly
+HqlLt82irP8-01155-00267816-00267999 from bases in italy and aircraft
+HqlLt82irP8-01156-00268000-00268247 carriers stationed in the adriatic
+HqlLt82irP8-01157-00268248-00268447 tomahawk cruise missiles were also
+HqlLt82irP8-01158-00268448-00268687 extensively used fired from aircraft
+HqlLt82irP8-01159-00268688-00268879 ships and submarines
+HqlLt82irP8-01160-00268880-00269079 with the exception of greece all nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01161-00269080-00269327 members were involved to some degree
+HqlLt82irP8-01162-00269328-00269543 over the 10 weeks of the conflict nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01163-00269544-00269799 aircraft flew over 38 000 combat
+HqlLt82irP8-01164-00269800-00269910 missions
+HqlLt82irP8-01165-00269911-00270134 for the german air force luftwaffe it
+HqlLt82irP8-01166-00270135-00270334 was the second time it had participated
+HqlLt82irP8-01167-00270335-00270551 in a conflict since world war ii after
+HqlLt82irP8-01168-00270552-00270743 the bosnian war
+HqlLt82irP8-01169-00270744-00270910 the proclaimed goal of the nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01170-00270911-00271110 operation was summed up by its spokesman
+HqlLt82irP8-01171-00271111-00271423 as serbs out peacekeepers in refugees
+HqlLt82irP8-01172-00271424-00271534 back
+HqlLt82irP8-01173-00271535-00271734 that is yugoslav troops would have to
+HqlLt82irP8-01174-00271735-00271910 leave kosovo and be replaced by
+HqlLt82irP8-01175-00271911-00272095 international peacekeepers to ensure
+HqlLt82irP8-01176-00272096-00272287 that the albanian refugees could return
+HqlLt82irP8-01177-00272288-00272430 to their homes
+HqlLt82irP8-01178-00272431-00272623 the campaign was initially designed to
+HqlLt82irP8-01179-00272624-00272830 destroy yugoslav air defenses and
+HqlLt82irP8-01180-00272831-00273071 high-value military targets
+HqlLt82irP8-01181-00273072-00273271 it did not go very well at first with
+HqlLt82irP8-01182-00273272-00273471 bad weather hindering many sorties early
+HqlLt82irP8-01183-00273472-00273567 on
+HqlLt82irP8-01184-00273568-00273775 nato had seriously underestimated
+HqlLt82irP8-01185-00273776-00273991 milosevic's will to resist few in
+HqlLt82irP8-01186-00273992-00274158 brussels thought that the campaign would
+HqlLt82irP8-01187-00274159-00274343 last more than a few days and although
+HqlLt82irP8-01188-00274344-00274495 the initial bombardment was not
+HqlLt82irP8-01189-00274496-00274679 insignificant it did not match the
+HqlLt82irP8-01190-00274680-00274871 intensity of the bombing of baghdad in
+HqlLt82irP8-01191-00274872-00275071 1991.
+HqlLt82irP8-01192-00275072-00275287 nato military operations switched
+HqlLt82irP8-01193-00275288-00275527 increasingly to attacking yugoslav units
+HqlLt82irP8-01194-00275528-00275719 on the ground hitting targets as small
+HqlLt82irP8-01195-00275720-00275958 as individual tanks and artillery pieces
+HqlLt82irP8-01196-00275959-00276143 as well as continuing with the strategic
+HqlLt82irP8-01197-00276144-00276279 bombardment
+HqlLt82irP8-01198-00276280-00276487 this activity was heavily constrained by
+HqlLt82irP8-01199-00276488-00276687 politics as each target needed to be
+HqlLt82irP8-01200-00276688-00276958 approved by all 19 member states
+HqlLt82irP8-01201-00276959-00277143 montenegro was bombed on several
+HqlLt82irP8-01202-00277144-00277367 occasions but nato eventually desisted
+HqlLt82irP8-01203-00277368-00277558 to prop up the precarious position of
+HqlLt82irP8-01204-00277559-00277879 its anti-milosevic leader dukanovic
+HqlLt82irP8-01205-00277880-00278095 at the start of may a nato aircraft
+HqlLt82irP8-01206-00278096-00278319 attacked an albanian refugee convoy
+HqlLt82irP8-01207-00278320-00278527 believing it was a yugoslav military
+HqlLt82irP8-01208-00278528-00278839 convoy killing around 50 people nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01209-00278840-00279047 admitted its mistake five days later and
+HqlLt82irP8-01210-00279048-00279230 the yugoslavs accused nato of
+HqlLt82irP8-01211-00279231-00279430 deliberately attacking the refugees a
+HqlLt82irP8-01212-00279431-00279591 later report conducted by the
+HqlLt82irP8-01213-00279592-00279791 international criminal tribunal for the
+HqlLt82irP8-01214-00279792-00280110 former yugoslavia icty entitled the
+HqlLt82irP8-01215-00280111-00280343 final report to the prosecutor by the
+HqlLt82irP8-01216-00280344-00280558 committee established to review the nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01217-00280559-00280758 bombing campaign against the federal
+HqlLt82irP8-01218-00280759-00281023 republic of yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01219-00281024-00281239 opined that civilians were not
+HqlLt82irP8-01220-00281240-00281519 deliberately attacked in this incident
+HqlLt82irP8-01221-00281520-00281734 and that neither the air crew nor their
+HqlLt82irP8-01222-00281735-00281919 commanders displayed the degree of
+HqlLt82irP8-01223-00281920-00282103 recklessness in failing to take
+HqlLt82irP8-01224-00282104-00282279 precautionary measures which would
+HqlLt82irP8-01225-00282280-00282558 sustain criminal charges
+HqlLt82irP8-01226-00282559-00282806 on may 7 nato bombs hit the chinese
+HqlLt82irP8-01227-00282807-00282991 embassy in belgrade killing three
+HqlLt82irP8-01228-00282992-00283175 chinese journalists and outraging
+HqlLt82irP8-01229-00283176-00283375 chinese public opinion
+HqlLt82irP8-01230-00283376-00283575 the united states and nato later
+HqlLt82irP8-01231-00283576-00283767 apologized for the bombing saying that
+HqlLt82irP8-01232-00283768-00283967 it occurred because of an outdated map
+HqlLt82irP8-01233-00283968-00284191 provided by the cia although this was
+HqlLt82irP8-01234-00284192-00284367 challenged by a joint report from the
+HqlLt82irP8-01235-00284368-00284630 observer uk and politicon denmark
+HqlLt82irP8-01236-00284631-00284815 newspapers which claimed that nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01237-00284816-00284999 intentionally bombed the embassy because
+HqlLt82irP8-01238-00285000-00285199 it was being used as a relay station for
+HqlLt82irP8-01239-00285200-00285463 yugoslav army radio signals
+HqlLt82irP8-01240-00285464-00285679 the report by the newspaper contradicts
+HqlLt82irP8-01241-00285680-00285951 findings in the same report by the icty
+HqlLt82irP8-01242-00285952-00286079 which stated that the root of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01243-00286080-00286327 failures in target location appears to
+HqlLt82irP8-01244-00286328-00286567 stem from the land navigation techniques
+HqlLt82irP8-01245-00286568-00286879 employed by an intelligence officer
+HqlLt82irP8-01246-00286880-00287063 in another incident at the de brava
+HqlLt82irP8-01247-00287064-00287343 prison in kosovo in may 1999. the
+HqlLt82irP8-01248-00287344-00287567 yugoslav government attributed as many
+HqlLt82irP8-01249-00287568-00287830 as 85 civilian deaths to nato bombing of
+HqlLt82irP8-01250-00287831-00288079 the facility after nato cited serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-01251-00288080-00288303 and yugoslav military activity in the
+HqlLt82irP8-01252-00288304-00288534 area a human rights watch report later
+HqlLt82irP8-01253-00288535-00288734 concluded that at least 19 ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-01254-00288735-00288919 albanian prisoners had been killed by
+HqlLt82irP8-01255-00288920-00289119 the bombing but that an uncertain number
+HqlLt82irP8-01256-00289120-00289310 probably more than 70 were killed by
+HqlLt82irP8-01257-00289311-00289503 serbian government forces in the days
+HqlLt82irP8-01258-00289504-00289734 immediately following the bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-01259-00289735-00289927 by the start of april the conflict
+HqlLt82irP8-01260-00289928-00290127 appeared little closer to a resolution
+HqlLt82irP8-01261-00290128-00290327 and nato countries began to seriously
+HqlLt82irP8-01262-00290328-00290534 consider conducting ground operations in
+HqlLt82irP8-01263-00290535-00290671 kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01264-00290672-00290887 british prime minister tony blair was a
+HqlLt82irP8-01265-00290888-00291095 strong advocate of ground forces and
+HqlLt82irP8-01266-00291096-00291310 pressured the united states to agree his
+HqlLt82irP8-01267-00291311-00291495 strong stance caused some alarm in
+HqlLt82irP8-01268-00291496-00291703 washington as u.s forces would be making
+HqlLt82irP8-01269-00291704-00291879 the largest contribution to any
+HqlLt82irP8-01270-00291880-00291999 offensive
+HqlLt82irP8-01271-00292000-00292239 u.s president bill clinton was extremely
+HqlLt82irP8-01272-00292240-00292439 reluctant to commit u.s forces for a
+HqlLt82irP8-01273-00292440-00292591 ground offensive
+HqlLt82irP8-01274-00292592-00292830 instead clinton authorized a cia
+HqlLt82irP8-01275-00292831-00292999 operation to look into methods to
+HqlLt82irP8-01276-00293000-00293191 destabilize the yugoslav government
+HqlLt82irP8-01277-00293192-00293447 without training kla troops
+HqlLt82irP8-01278-00293448-00293630 at the same time finnish and russian
+HqlLt82irP8-01279-00293631-00293854 diplomatic negotiators continued to try
+HqlLt82irP8-01280-00293855-00294119 to persuade milosevic to back down
+HqlLt82irP8-01281-00294120-00294358 tony blair would order 50 000 british
+HqlLt82irP8-01282-00294359-00294543 soldiers to be made ready for a ground
+HqlLt82irP8-01283-00294544-00294743 offensive most of the available british
+HqlLt82irP8-01284-00294744-00294991 army milosevic finally recognized that
+HqlLt82irP8-01285-00294992-00295151 russia would not intervene to defend
+HqlLt82irP8-01286-00295152-00295375 yugoslavia despite moscow's strong
+HqlLt82irP8-01287-00295376-00295543 anti-nato rhetoric
+HqlLt82irP8-01288-00295544-00295743 he thus accepted the conditions offered
+HqlLt82irP8-01289-00295744-00295958 by a finnish russian mediation team and
+HqlLt82irP8-01290-00295959-00296151 agreed to a military presence within
+HqlLt82irP8-01291-00296152-00296334 kosovo headed by the un but
+HqlLt82irP8-01292-00296335-00296582 incorporating nato troops
+HqlLt82irP8-01293-00296583-00296806 the norwegian special forces herons
+HqlLt82irP8-01294-00296807-00297039 jagger commando and forsferet special
+HqlLt82irP8-01295-00297040-00297263 commando cooperated with the kla in
+HqlLt82irP8-01296-00297264-00297503 gathering intelligence information
+HqlLt82irP8-01297-00297504-00297710 preparing for an invasion on the 12th of
+HqlLt82irP8-01298-00297711-00297934 june norwegian special forces worked
+HqlLt82irP8-01299-00297935-00298134 with the kla on the ramno mountain on
+HqlLt82irP8-01300-00298135-00298367 the border between macedonia and kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01301-00298368-00298575 and acted as scouts to monitor events in
+HqlLt82irP8-01302-00298576-00298710 kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01303-00298711-00298910 together with british special forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01304-00298911-00299127 norwegian special forces were the first
+HqlLt82irP8-01305-00299128-00299399 to cross over the border into kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01306-00299400-00299558 according to keith graves with the
+HqlLt82irP8-01307-00299559-00299743 television network sky news the
+HqlLt82irP8-01308-00299744-00299975 norwegians were in kosovo two days prior
+HqlLt82irP8-01309-00299976-00300151 to the entry of other forces and were
+HqlLt82irP8-01310-00300152-00300375 among the first into pristina
+HqlLt82irP8-01311-00300376-00300582 the herons jegger commandos and force
+HqlLt82irP8-01312-00300583-00300791 ferrets special commando's job was to
+HqlLt82irP8-01313-00300792-00300958 clear the way between the contending
+HqlLt82irP8-01314-00300959-00301134 parties and to make local deals to
+HqlLt82irP8-01315-00301135-00301295 implement the peace deal between the
+HqlLt82irP8-01316-00301296-00302119 serbians and the kosovo albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-01317-00302120-00302375 yugoslav army withdrawal and the entry
+HqlLt82irP8-01318-00302376-00302871 of kfor
+HqlLt82irP8-01319-00302872-00303158 on the 3rd of june 1999 milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-01320-00303159-00303351 accepted the terms of an international
+HqlLt82irP8-01321-00303352-00303519 peace plan to end the fighting with the
+HqlLt82irP8-01322-00303520-00303671 national parliament adopting the
+HqlLt82irP8-01323-00303672-00303871 proposal amid contentious debate with
+HqlLt82irP8-01324-00303872-00304071 delegates coming close to fistfights at
+HqlLt82irP8-01325-00304072-00304206 some points
+HqlLt82irP8-01326-00304207-00304415 on the 10th of june the north atlantic
+HqlLt82irP8-01327-00304416-00304599 council ratified the agreement and
+HqlLt82irP8-01328-00304600-00304847 suspended air operations
+HqlLt82irP8-01329-00304848-00305071 on the 12th of june after milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-01330-00305072-00305271 accepted the conditions the nato led
+HqlLt82irP8-01331-00305272-00305551 peacekeeping kosovo force kfor began
+HqlLt82irP8-01332-00305552-00305719 entering kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01333-00305720-00305951 kfor had been preparing to conduct
+HqlLt82irP8-01334-00305952-00306167 combat operations but in the end its
+HqlLt82irP8-01335-00306168-00306382 mission was only peacekeeping
+HqlLt82irP8-01336-00306383-00306567 it was based upon the allied rapid
+HqlLt82irP8-01337-00306568-00306767 reaction corps headquarters commanded by
+HqlLt82irP8-01338-00306768-00306967 then-lieutenant general mike jackson of
+HqlLt82irP8-01339-00306968-00307119 the british army
+HqlLt82irP8-01340-00307120-00307375 it consisted of british forces a brigade
+HqlLt82irP8-01341-00307376-00307543 built from fourth armoured and fifth
+HqlLt82irP8-01342-00307544-00307791 airborne brigades a french army brigade
+HqlLt82irP8-01343-00307792-00307999 a german army brigade which entered from
+HqlLt82irP8-01344-00308000-00308167 the west while all the other forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01345-00308168-00308391 advanced from the south and italian army
+HqlLt82irP8-01346-00308392-00308671 and united states army brigades
+HqlLt82irP8-01347-00308672-00308895 the first nato troops to enter prishtina
+HqlLt82irP8-01348-00308896-00309191 on the 12th of june 1999 were norwegian
+HqlLt82irP8-01349-00309192-00309430 special forces from fsk forswear its
+HqlLt82irP8-01350-00309431-00309630 special commando and soldiers from the
+HqlLt82irP8-01351-00309631-00309910 british special air service 22 sas
+HqlLt82irP8-01352-00309911-00310063 although to nato's diplomatic
+HqlLt82irP8-01353-00310064-00310239 embarrassment russian troops arrived
+HqlLt82irP8-01354-00310240-00310406 first at the airport
+HqlLt82irP8-01355-00310407-00310647 the norwegian soldiers from fsk force
+HqlLt82irP8-01356-00310648-00310847 ferret special commando were the first
+HqlLt82irP8-01357-00310848-00311015 to come in contact with the russian
+HqlLt82irP8-01358-00311016-00311191 troops at the airport
+HqlLt82irP8-01359-00311192-00311367 fsk's mission was to level the
+HqlLt82irP8-01360-00311368-00311527 negotiating field between the
+HqlLt82irP8-01361-00311528-00311743 belligerent parties and to fine-tune the
+HqlLt82irP8-01362-00311744-00311951 detailed local deals needed to implement
+HqlLt82irP8-01363-00311952-00312134 the peace deal between the serbians and
+HqlLt82irP8-01364-00312135-00312334 the kosovo albanians the u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-01365-00312335-00312551 contribution known as the initial entry
+HqlLt82irP8-01366-00312552-00312727 force was led by the first armored
+HqlLt82irP8-01367-00312728-00312943 division commanded by brigadier general
+HqlLt82irP8-01368-00312944-00313119 peterson and was spearheaded by a
+HqlLt82irP8-01369-00313120-00313382 platoon from the 2nd battalion 505th
+HqlLt82irP8-01370-00313383-00313591 parachute infantry regiment attached to
+HqlLt82irP8-01371-00313592-00313767 the british forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01372-00313768-00313982 other units included 1st and 2nd
+HqlLt82irP8-01373-00313983-00314191 battalions of the 10th special forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01374-00314192-00314406 group airborne from stuttgart germany
+HqlLt82irP8-01375-00314407-00314791 and fort carson colorado tf 1-6 infantry
+HqlLt82irP8-01376-00314792-00315167 1-6 infantry with c co 1-35 r from
+HqlLt82irP8-01377-00315168-00315423 bombholder germany the 2nd battalion
+HqlLt82irP8-01378-00315424-00315687 505th parachute infantry regiment from
+HqlLt82irP8-01379-00315688-00315958 fort bragg north carolina the 26th
+HqlLt82irP8-01380-00315959-00316167 marine expeditionary unit from camp
+HqlLt82irP8-01381-00316168-00316447 lejeune north carolina the 1st battalion
+HqlLt82irP8-01382-00316448-00316710 26th infantry regiment from schweinfurt
+HqlLt82irP8-01383-00316711-00316934 germany an echo troop fourth cavalry
+HqlLt82irP8-01384-00316935-00317230 regiment also from schweinfurt germany
+HqlLt82irP8-01385-00317231-00317439 also attached to the u.s force was the
+HqlLt82irP8-01386-00317440-00317727 greek army's 501st mechanized infantry
+HqlLt82irP8-01387-00317728-00317847 battalion
+HqlLt82irP8-01388-00317848-00318079 the initial u.s forces established their
+HqlLt82irP8-01389-00318080-00318271 area of operation around the towns of
+HqlLt82irP8-01390-00318272-00318503 yersvac the future camp bond steel and
+HqlLt82irP8-01391-00318504-00318719 gangelain at camp monteith and spent
+HqlLt82irP8-01392-00318720-00318943 four months the start of a stay which
+HqlLt82irP8-01393-00318944-00319087 continues to date
+HqlLt82irP8-01394-00319088-00319271 establishing order in the southeast
+HqlLt82irP8-01395-00319272-00319471 sector of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01396-00319472-00319679 during the initial incursion the u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-01397-00319680-00319871 soldiers were greeted by albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-01398-00319872-00320063 cheering and throwing flowers as u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-01399-00320064-00320271 soldiers and kfor rolled through their
+HqlLt82irP8-01400-00320272-00320399 villages
+HqlLt82irP8-01401-00320400-00320623 although no resistance was met three u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-01402-00320624-00320815 soldiers from the initial entry force
+HqlLt82irP8-01403-00320816-00321006 were killed in accidents on the 1st of
+HqlLt82irP8-01404-00321007-00321358 october 1999. approximately 150
+HqlLt82irP8-01405-00321359-00321647 paratroopers from alpha company 1 508th
+HqlLt82irP8-01406-00321648-00321847 airborne battalion combat team from
+HqlLt82irP8-01407-00321848-00322095 vicenza italy parachuted into your svac
+HqlLt82irP8-01408-00322096-00322351 as part of operation rapid guardian
+HqlLt82irP8-01409-00322352-00322543 the purpose of the mission was primarily
+HqlLt82irP8-01410-00322544-00322767 to warn yugoslav president slobodan
+HqlLt82irP8-01411-00322768-00322975 milosevic of nato resolve and of its
+HqlLt82irP8-01412-00322976-00323223 rapid military capability
+HqlLt82irP8-01413-00323224-00323551 one u.s soldier army ranger sgt
+HqlLt82irP8-01414-00323552-00323751 jason neil pringle was killed during
+HqlLt82irP8-01415-00323752-00323958 operations after his parachute failed to
+HqlLt82irP8-01416-00323959-00324071 deploy
+HqlLt82irP8-01417-00324072-00324334 the paratroopers of the one 508th then
+HqlLt82irP8-01418-00324335-00324591 joined paratroopers of the 82nd airborne
+HqlLt82irP8-01419-00324592-00324863 and kfor in patrolling various areas of
+HqlLt82irP8-01420-00324864-00325071 kosovo without incident through the 3rd
+HqlLt82irP8-01421-00325072-00325415 of october 1999.
+HqlLt82irP8-01422-00325416-00325719 on the 15th of december 1999 staff
+HqlLt82irP8-01423-00325720-00325910 sergeant joseph cepanczyk of 3rd
+HqlLt82irP8-01424-00325911-00326143 battalion 10th special forces group
+HqlLt82irP8-01425-00326144-00326415 airborne was killed when the hmmwv in
+HqlLt82irP8-01426-00326416-00326575 which he was a passenger struck an
+HqlLt82irP8-01427-00326576-00326806 anti-tank mine planted by albanians and
+HqlLt82irP8-01428-00326807-00326958 meant for the russian contingent with
+HqlLt82irP8-01429-00326959-00327199 which ssg saponsic's team was patrolling
+HqlLt82irP8-01430-00327200-00327423 in kosova kamenica
+HqlLt82irP8-01431-00327424-00327615 following the military campaign the
+HqlLt82irP8-01432-00327616-00327791 involvement of russian peacekeepers
+HqlLt82irP8-01433-00327792-00327967 proved to be tense and challenging to
+HqlLt82irP8-01434-00327968-00328175 the nato-kosovo force
+HqlLt82irP8-01435-00328176-00328327 the russians expected to have an
+HqlLt82irP8-01436-00328328-00328558 independent sector of kosovo only to be
+HqlLt82irP8-01437-00328559-00328775 unhappily surprised with the prospect of
+HqlLt82irP8-01438-00328776-00328991 operating under nato command
+HqlLt82irP8-01439-00328992-00329158 without prior communication or
+HqlLt82irP8-01440-00329159-00329351 coordination with nato russian
+HqlLt82irP8-01441-00329352-00329567 peacekeeping forces entered kosovo from
+HqlLt82irP8-01442-00329568-00329815 bosnia and herzegovina and occupied
+HqlLt82irP8-01443-00329816-00330023 pristina international airport ahead of
+HqlLt82irP8-01444-00330024-00330254 the arrival of nato forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01445-00330255-00330430 this resulted in an incident during
+HqlLt82irP8-01446-00330431-00330639 which nato supreme commander wesley
+HqlLt82irP8-01447-00330640-00330806 clark's wish to forcibly block the
+HqlLt82irP8-01448-00330807-00331015 runways with nato vehicles to prevent
+HqlLt82irP8-01449-00331016-00331247 any russian reinforcement was refused by
+HqlLt82irP8-01450-00331248-00331519 kfor commander general mike jackson in
+HqlLt82irP8-01451-00331520-00331751 2010 james blunt described in an
+HqlLt82irP8-01452-00331752-00331910 interview how his unit was given the
+HqlLt82irP8-01453-00331911-00332110 assignment of securing priesthina during
+HqlLt82irP8-01454-00332111-00332303 the advance of the 30 000 strong
+HqlLt82irP8-01455-00332304-00332471 peacekeeping force and how the russian
+HqlLt82irP8-01456-00332472-00332671 army had moved in and taken control of
+HqlLt82irP8-01457-00332672-00332854 the city's airport before his unit's
+HqlLt82irP8-01458-00332855-00332967 arrival
+HqlLt82irP8-01459-00332968-00333134 blunt shared a part in the difficult
+HqlLt82irP8-01460-00333135-00333310 task of addressing the potentially
+HqlLt82irP8-01461-00333311-00333543 violent international incident
+HqlLt82irP8-01462-00333544-00333719 according to blunt's account there was a
+HqlLt82irP8-01463-00333720-00333910 standoff with the russians and the nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01464-00333911-00334127 supreme commander wesley clark gave
+HqlLt82irP8-01465-00334128-00334382 provisional orders to overpower them
+HqlLt82irP8-01466-00334383-00334567 whilst these were questioned by blunt
+HqlLt82irP8-01467-00334568-00334751 they were rejected by general jackson
+HqlLt82irP8-01468-00334752-00334975 with the now famous line i'm not having
+HqlLt82irP8-01469-00334976-00335199 my soldiers responsible for starting
+HqlLt82irP8-01470-00335200-00335375 world war iii
+HqlLt82irP8-01471-00335376-00335630 furthermore in june 2000 arms trading
+HqlLt82irP8-01472-00335631-00335871 relations between russia and yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01473-00335872-00336006 were exposed which led to the
+HqlLt82irP8-01474-00336007-00336199 retaliation and bombings of russian
+HqlLt82irP8-01475-00336200-00336478 checkpoints and area police stations
+HqlLt82irP8-01476-00336479-00336687 outpost gunner was established on a high
+HqlLt82irP8-01477-00336688-00336887 point in the presevo valley by echo
+HqlLt82irP8-01478-00336888-00337206 battery 1 161st field artillery in an
+HqlLt82irP8-01479-00337207-00337375 attempt to monitor and assist with
+HqlLt82irP8-01480-00337376-00337534 peacekeeping efforts in the russian
+HqlLt82irP8-01481-00337535-00337647 sector
+HqlLt82irP8-01482-00337648-00337799 operating under the support of
+HqlLt82irP8-01483-00337800-00338023 two-thirds field artillery first armored
+HqlLt82irP8-01484-00338024-00338199 division the battery was able to
+HqlLt82irP8-01485-00338200-00338406 successfully deploy and continuously
+HqlLt82irP8-01486-00338407-00338591 operate a firefighter radar which
+HqlLt82irP8-01487-00338592-00338799 allowed the nato forces to keep a closer
+HqlLt82irP8-01488-00338800-00338982 watch on activities in the sector and
+HqlLt82irP8-01489-00338983-00339167 the precevo valley
+HqlLt82irP8-01490-00339168-00339375 eventually a deal was struck whereby
+HqlLt82irP8-01491-00339376-00339591 russian forces operated as a unit of
+HqlLt82irP8-01492-00339592-00339830 kfor but not under the nato command
+HqlLt82irP8-01493-00339831-00340519 structure
+HqlLt82irP8-01494-00340520-00341015 reaction to the war
+HqlLt82irP8-01495-00341016-00341182 because of the country's restrictive
+HqlLt82irP8-01496-00341183-00341423 media laws the yugoslav media carried
+HqlLt82irP8-01497-00341424-00341647 little coverage of events in kosovo and
+HqlLt82irP8-01498-00341648-00341815 the attitude of other countries to the
+HqlLt82irP8-01499-00341816-00342039 humanitarian disaster that was occurring
+HqlLt82irP8-01500-00342040-00342134 there
+HqlLt82irP8-01501-00342135-00342375 thus few members of the yugoslav public
+HqlLt82irP8-01502-00342376-00342582 expected nato intervention instead
+HqlLt82irP8-01503-00342583-00342751 thinking that a diplomatic agreement
+HqlLt82irP8-01504-00342752-00343423 would be reached
+HqlLt82irP8-01505-00343424-00343878 support for the war
+HqlLt82irP8-01506-00343879-00344071 support for the kosovan war and in
+HqlLt82irP8-01507-00344072-00344287 particular the legitimacy of nato's
+HqlLt82irP8-01508-00344288-00344503 bombing campaign came from a variety of
+HqlLt82irP8-01509-00344504-00344863 sources in a 2009 article david clarke
+HqlLt82irP8-01510-00344864-00345158 claimed every member of nato every eu
+HqlLt82irP8-01511-00345159-00345375 country and most of yugoslavia's
+HqlLt82irP8-01512-00345376-00345710 neighbors supported military action
+HqlLt82irP8-01513-00345711-00345895 statements from the leaders of united
+HqlLt82irP8-01514-00345896-00346134 states czech republic and united kingdom
+HqlLt82irP8-01515-00346135-00346375 respectively described the war as one
+HqlLt82irP8-01516-00346376-00346606 upholding our values protecting our
+HqlLt82irP8-01517-00346607-00346815 interests and advancing the cause of
+HqlLt82irP8-01518-00346816-00346982 peace
+HqlLt82irP8-01519-00346983-00347223 the first war for values
+HqlLt82irP8-01520-00347224-00347471 and one to avert what would otherwise be
+HqlLt82irP8-01521-00347472-00347799 a humanitarian disaster in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01522-00347800-00348023 others included the then u.n secretary
+HqlLt82irP8-01523-00348024-00348230 general kofi annan who was reported by
+HqlLt82irP8-01524-00348231-00348406 some sources as acknowledging that the
+HqlLt82irP8-01525-00348407-00348575 nato action was legitimate who
+HqlLt82irP8-01526-00348576-00348734 emphasized that there were times when
+HqlLt82irP8-01527-00348735-00348919 the use of force was legitimate in the
+HqlLt82irP8-01528-00348920-00349103 pursuit of peace though annan stressed
+HqlLt82irP8-01529-00349104-00349375 that the un security council should have
+HqlLt82irP8-01530-00349376-00349591 been involved in any decision to use
+HqlLt82irP8-01531-00349592-00349734 force
+HqlLt82irP8-01532-00349735-00349927 the distinction between the legality and
+HqlLt82irP8-01533-00349928-00350110 legitimacy of the intervention was
+HqlLt82irP8-01534-00350111-00350271 further highlighted in two separate
+HqlLt82irP8-01535-00350272-00350399 reports
+HqlLt82irP8-01536-00350400-00350591 one was conducted by the independent
+HqlLt82irP8-01537-00350592-00350799 international commission on kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01538-00350800-00351015 entitled the kosovo report which found
+HqlLt82irP8-01539-00351016-00351127 that
+HqlLt82irP8-01540-00351128-00351327 yugoslav forces were engaged in a
+HqlLt82irP8-01541-00351328-00351495 well-planned campaign of terror and
+HqlLt82irP8-01542-00351496-00351767 expulsion of the casovar albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-01543-00351768-00351943 this campaign is most frequently
+HqlLt82irP8-01544-00351944-00352223 described as one of ethnic cleansing
+HqlLt82irP8-01545-00352224-00352406 intended to drive many if not all
+HqlLt82irP8-01546-00352407-00352671 casovar albanians from kosovo destroy
+HqlLt82irP8-01547-00352672-00352854 the foundations of their society and
+HqlLt82irP8-01548-00352855-00353078 prevent them from returning
+HqlLt82irP8-01549-00353079-00353327 it concluded that the nato military
+HqlLt82irP8-01550-00353328-00353623 intervention was illegal but legitimate
+HqlLt82irP8-01551-00353624-00353806 the second report was published by the
+HqlLt82irP8-01552-00353807-00354023 nato office of information and press
+HqlLt82irP8-01553-00354024-00354247 which reported that the human rights
+HqlLt82irP8-01554-00354248-00354503 violations committed on a large scale in
+HqlLt82irP8-01555-00354504-00354758 kosovo provide an incontestable ground
+HqlLt82irP8-01556-00354759-00354967 with reference to the humanitarian
+HqlLt82irP8-01557-00354968-00355254 aspect of nato's intervention
+HqlLt82irP8-01558-00355255-00355463 some critics note that nato did not have
+HqlLt82irP8-01559-00355464-00355630 the backing of the united nations
+HqlLt82irP8-01560-00355631-00355782 security council meant that its
+HqlLt82irP8-01561-00355783-00355991 intervention had no legal basis but
+HqlLt82irP8-01562-00355992-00356206 according to some legal scholars there
+HqlLt82irP8-01563-00356207-00356415 are nonetheless certain bases for that
+HqlLt82irP8-01564-00356416-00356758 action that are not legal but justified
+HqlLt82irP8-01565-00356759-00356982 aside from politicians and diplomats
+HqlLt82irP8-01566-00356983-00357191 commentators and intellectuals also
+HqlLt82irP8-01567-00357192-00357351 supported the war
+HqlLt82irP8-01568-00357352-00357534 michael ignatieff called natto's
+HqlLt82irP8-01569-00357535-00357775 intervention a morally justifiable
+HqlLt82irP8-01570-00357776-00357982 response to ethnic cleansing and the
+HqlLt82irP8-01571-00357983-00358223 resulting flood of refugees and not the
+HqlLt82irP8-01572-00358224-00358503 cause of the flood of refugees
+HqlLt82irP8-01573-00358504-00358687 while christopher hitchens said nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01574-00358688-00358967 intervened only when serbian forces had
+HqlLt82irP8-01575-00358968-00359206 resorted to mass deportation and full
+HqlLt82irP8-01576-00359207-00359399 dress ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-01577-00359400-00359647 cleansing writing in the nation richard
+HqlLt82irP8-01578-00359648-00359823 a fox wrote that
+HqlLt82irP8-01579-00359824-00360023 the nato campaign achieved the removal
+HqlLt82irP8-01580-00360024-00360295 of yugoslav military forces from kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01581-00360296-00360503 and even more significant the departure
+HqlLt82irP8-01582-00360504-00360695 of the dreaded serbian paramilitary
+HqlLt82irP8-01583-00360696-00360934 units and police while an article in the
+HqlLt82irP8-01584-00360935-00361175 guardian wrote that for mary caldor
+HqlLt82irP8-01585-00361176-00361430 kosovo represented a laboratory on her
+HqlLt82irP8-01586-00361431-00361719 thinking for human security humanitarian
+HqlLt82irP8-01587-00361720-00361895 intervention and international
+HqlLt82irP8-01588-00361896-00362103 peacekeeping the latter two which she
+HqlLt82irP8-01589-00362104-00362287 defined as
+HqlLt82irP8-01590-00362288-00362503 a genuine belief in the equality of all
+HqlLt82irP8-01591-00362504-00362663 human beings and this entails a
+HqlLt82irP8-01592-00362664-00362863 readiness to risk lives of peacekeeping
+HqlLt82irP8-01593-00362864-00363039 troops to save the lives of others where
+HqlLt82irP8-01594-00363040-00363254 this is necessary reports stated there
+HqlLt82irP8-01595-00363255-00363454 had been no peace between albanians and
+HqlLt82irP8-01596-00363455-00363727 serbs citing the deaths of 1500
+HqlLt82irP8-01597-00363728-00364030 albanians and displacement of 270 000
+HqlLt82irP8-01598-00364031-00364775 prior to nato intervention
+HqlLt82irP8-01599-00364776-00365327 criticism of the case for war
+HqlLt82irP8-01600-00365328-00365543 some criticized the nato intervention as
+HqlLt82irP8-01601-00365544-00365767 a political diversionary tactic coming
+HqlLt82irP8-01602-00365768-00365927 as it did on the heels of the monika
+HqlLt82irP8-01603-00365928-00366127 lewinsky scandal pointing to the fact
+HqlLt82irP8-01604-00366128-00366295 that coverage of the bombing directly
+HqlLt82irP8-01605-00366296-00366503 replaced coverage of the scandal in u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-01606-00366504-00366647 news cycles
+HqlLt82irP8-01607-00366648-00366830 also some point out that before the
+HqlLt82irP8-01608-00366831-00366982 bombing rather than there being an
+HqlLt82irP8-01609-00366983-00367223 unusually bloody conflict the kla was
+HqlLt82irP8-01610-00367224-00367454 not engaged in a widespread civil war
+HqlLt82irP8-01611-00367455-00367654 against yugoslav forces and the death
+HqlLt82irP8-01612-00367655-00367839 toll among all concerned including
+HqlLt82irP8-01613-00367840-00368071 ethnic albanians skyrocketed following
+HqlLt82irP8-01614-00368072-00368310 nato intervention u.s president clinton
+HqlLt82irP8-01615-00368311-00368495 and his administration were accused of
+HqlLt82irP8-01616-00368496-00368710 inflating the number of kosovo albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-01617-00368711-00368910 killed by state forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01618-00368911-00369103 after the bombing of the chinese embassy
+HqlLt82irP8-01619-00369104-00369319 in belgrade chinese president zhang
+HqlLt82irP8-01620-00369320-00369519 zemin said that the u.s was using its
+HqlLt82irP8-01621-00369520-00369751 economic and military superiority to
+HqlLt82irP8-01622-00369752-00369951 aggressively expand its influence and
+HqlLt82irP8-01623-00369952-00370127 interfere in the internal affairs of
+HqlLt82irP8-01624-00370128-00370278 other countries
+HqlLt82irP8-01625-00370279-00370495 chinese leaders called the nato campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-01626-00370496-00370671 a dangerous precedent of naked
+HqlLt82irP8-01627-00370672-00370903 aggression a new form of colonialism and
+HqlLt82irP8-01628-00370904-00371119 an aggressive war groundless in morality
+HqlLt82irP8-01629-00371120-00371391 or law it was seen as part of a plot by
+HqlLt82irP8-01630-00371392-00371654 the u.s to destroy yugoslavia expand
+HqlLt82irP8-01631-00371655-00371854 eastward and control all of europe the
+HqlLt82irP8-01632-00371855-00372047 united nations charter does not allow
+HqlLt82irP8-01633-00372048-00372215 military interventions in other
+HqlLt82irP8-01634-00372216-00372406 sovereign countries with few exceptions
+HqlLt82irP8-01635-00372407-00372639 which in general need to be decided upon
+HqlLt82irP8-01636-00372640-00372871 by the united nations security council
+HqlLt82irP8-01637-00372872-00373047 this legal enjoinment has proved
+HqlLt82irP8-01638-00373048-00373254 controversial with many legal scholars
+HqlLt82irP8-01639-00373255-00373423 who argue that though the kosovo war
+HqlLt82irP8-01640-00373424-00373654 illegal it was still legitimate
+HqlLt82irP8-01641-00373655-00373830 the issue was brought before the un
+HqlLt82irP8-01642-00373831-00374063 security council by russia in a draft
+HqlLt82irP8-01643-00374064-00374319 resolution which inter alia would affirm
+HqlLt82irP8-01644-00374320-00374543 that such unilateral use of force
+HqlLt82irP8-01645-00374544-00374782 constitutes a flagrant violation of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01646-00374783-00375071 united nations charter
+HqlLt82irP8-01647-00375072-00375302 china namibia and russia voted for the
+HqlLt82irP8-01648-00375303-00375502 resolution the other members against
+HqlLt82irP8-01649-00375503-00375710 thus it failed to pass the war inflicted
+HqlLt82irP8-01650-00375711-00375878 many casualties
+HqlLt82irP8-01651-00375879-00376191 already by march 1999 the combination of
+HqlLt82irP8-01652-00376192-00376375 fighting and the targeting of civilians
+HqlLt82irP8-01653-00376376-00376702 had left an estimated 1500 to 2000
+HqlLt82irP8-01654-00376703-00376943 civilians and combatants dead
+HqlLt82irP8-01655-00376944-00377151 final estimates of the casualties are
+HqlLt82irP8-01656-00377152-00377415 still unavailable for either side
+HqlLt82irP8-01657-00377416-00377582 perhaps the most controversial
+HqlLt82irP8-01658-00377583-00377767 deliberate attack of the war was that
+HqlLt82irP8-01659-00377768-00377958 made against the headquarters of serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-01660-00377959-00378310 television on april 23 1999 which killed
+HqlLt82irP8-01661-00378311-00378534 at least 14 people privately nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01662-00378535-00378710 european members were divided about the
+HqlLt82irP8-01663-00378711-00378943 aims and necessity of the war
+HqlLt82irP8-01664-00378944-00379151 most european allies did not trust the
+HqlLt82irP8-01665-00379152-00379334 motives of kosovan albanians and
+HqlLt82irP8-01666-00379335-00379582 according to nato general wesley clark
+HqlLt82irP8-01667-00379583-00379782 there was a sense among some that nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01668-00379783-00380047 was fighting on the wrong side
+HqlLt82irP8-01669-00380048-00380271 in a war between christians and muslims
+HqlLt82irP8-01670-00380272-00380519 by contrast susan sontag who witnessed
+HqlLt82irP8-01671-00380520-00380734 the three-year long siege of sarajevo
+HqlLt82irP8-01672-00380735-00380934 said that the nato intervention came
+HqlLt82irP8-01673-00380935-00381223 eight years too late and that milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-01674-00381224-00381375 should have been stopped already during
+HqlLt82irP8-01675-00381376-00382239 the bombing of dubrovnik in 1991.
+HqlLt82irP8-01676-00382240-00382878 democratic league of kosovo and farc
+HqlLt82irP8-01677-00382879-00383095 the democratic league of kosovo led by
+HqlLt82irP8-01678-00383096-00383271 ibrahim ragova had been the leading
+HqlLt82irP8-01679-00383272-00383487 political entity in kosovo since its
+HqlLt82irP8-01680-00383488-00383719 creation in 1989.
+HqlLt82irP8-01681-00383720-00383943 its parallel government in exile was led
+HqlLt82irP8-01682-00383944-00384158 by buhar bukoshi and its minister of
+HqlLt82irP8-01683-00384159-00384399 defense until 1998 was the former
+HqlLt82irP8-01684-00384400-00384671 yugoslav colonel ahmet krzniki
+HqlLt82irP8-01685-00384672-00384910 dlk politicians opposed the armed
+HqlLt82irP8-01686-00384911-00385087 conflict and were not ready to accept
+HqlLt82irP8-01687-00385088-00385334 kla as a political factor in the region
+HqlLt82irP8-01688-00385335-00385527 and tried to persuade the population not
+HqlLt82irP8-01689-00385528-00385663 to support it
+HqlLt82irP8-01690-00385664-00385878 at one point regova even claimed that it
+HqlLt82irP8-01691-00385879-00386095 was set up by serbian intelligence as an
+HqlLt82irP8-01692-00386096-00386351 excuse to invade or to discredit dlk
+HqlLt82irP8-01693-00386352-00386463 itself
+HqlLt82irP8-01694-00386464-00386702 nevertheless the support for kla even
+HqlLt82irP8-01695-00386703-00386943 within dlk membership and specifically
+HqlLt82irP8-01696-00386944-00387127 in the diaspora group together with the
+HqlLt82irP8-01697-00387128-00387334 dissatisfaction with and antagonism
+HqlLt82irP8-01698-00387335-00387519 toward dlk
+HqlLt82irP8-01699-00387520-00387758 kla initial personnel were members or
+HqlLt82irP8-01700-00387759-00388023 former members of the dlk with the
+HqlLt82irP8-01701-00388024-00388206 changes of the international stance
+HqlLt82irP8-01702-00388207-00388447 towards kla and its recognition as a
+HqlLt82irP8-01703-00388448-00388695 factor in the conflict dlk's position
+HqlLt82irP8-01704-00388696-00388830 also shifted
+HqlLt82irP8-01705-00388831-00389023 the armed forces of the republic of
+HqlLt82irP8-01706-00389024-00389247 kosovo known as farc were established in
+HqlLt82irP8-01707-00389248-00389510 order to place dlk as a military factor
+HqlLt82irP8-01708-00389511-00389727 in addition to a political one
+HqlLt82irP8-01709-00389728-00389943 a parallel paramilitary structure as
+HqlLt82irP8-01710-00389944-00390175 farc was not received well from the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-01711-00390176-00390271 side
+HqlLt82irP8-01712-00390272-00390502 ahmet krzniki was shot in tarana on the
+HqlLt82irP8-01713-00390503-00390682 21st of september
+HqlLt82irP8-01714-00390683-00390958 1998. the responsible people were not
+HqlLt82irP8-01715-00390959-00391199 found although several theories emerged
+HqlLt82irP8-01716-00391200-00391430 the democratic party of albania and its
+HqlLt82irP8-01717-00391431-00391671 leader sally barisha strong supporters
+HqlLt82irP8-01718-00391672-00391975 of dlk and farc accused shik and the
+HqlLt82irP8-01719-00391976-00392151 albanian government who from their side
+HqlLt82irP8-01720-00392152-00392391 were supporting kla as the responsible
+HqlLt82irP8-01721-00392392-00392510 parties
+HqlLt82irP8-01722-00392511-00392719 farc was never a determining factor in
+HqlLt82irP8-01723-00392720-00392895 the war and was not involved in any
+HqlLt82irP8-01724-00392896-00393006 battles
+HqlLt82irP8-01725-00393007-00393199 it did not number more than few hundred
+HqlLt82irP8-01726-00393200-00393382 men and it did not show any commitment
+HqlLt82irP8-01727-00393383-00393551 to fighting the serbs accepting a
+HqlLt82irP8-01728-00393552-00393767 broader autonomy as a solution rather
+HqlLt82irP8-01729-00393768-00393934 than independence
+HqlLt82irP8-01730-00393935-00394087 some of the farc officers were
+HqlLt82irP8-01731-00394088-00394278 incorporated later under the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-01732-00394279-00394399 umbrella
+HqlLt82irP8-01733-00394400-00394678 besides farc dlk would also politically
+HqlLt82irP8-01734-00394679-00394902 and diplomatically oppose kla and their
+HqlLt82irP8-01735-00394903-00395143 methods in a meeting with the u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-01736-00395144-00395358 president clinton on the 29th of may
+HqlLt82irP8-01737-00395359-00395702 1999 regova accompanied by fami agony
+HqlLt82irP8-01738-00395703-00396006 bukoshi and veten siroy accused kla of
+HqlLt82irP8-01739-00396007-00396223 being a left-wing ideology bearer and
+HqlLt82irP8-01740-00396224-00396463 some of its leaders as being nostalgic
+HqlLt82irP8-01741-00396464-00396687 to known communist figures such as
+HqlLt82irP8-01742-00396688-00396847 inviir hoja
+HqlLt82irP8-01743-00396848-00397015 referring to the people's movement of
+HqlLt82irP8-01744-00397016-00397343 kosovo lpk nucleus of kla an old
+HqlLt82irP8-01745-00397344-00397551 underground rival with strong left-wing
+HqlLt82irP8-01746-00397552-00397751 orientation ragova was present at the
+HqlLt82irP8-01747-00397752-00397958 negotiations held in rambulai and
+HqlLt82irP8-01748-00397959-00398143 supported the rambulay agreement since
+HqlLt82irP8-01749-00398144-00398295 the first round but without any
+HqlLt82irP8-01750-00398296-00398415 influence
+HqlLt82irP8-01751-00398416-00398647 following the nato bombing of yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01752-00398648-00398815 and the massive ethnic cleansing of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01753-00398816-00399030 albanian population there was a total
+HqlLt82irP8-01754-00399031-00399254 albanian support for the nato campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-01755-00399255-00399478 including the dlk side
+HqlLt82irP8-01756-00399479-00399727 surprisingly ibrahim regova showed up in
+HqlLt82irP8-01757-00399728-00399982 belgrade as a guest of milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-01758-00399983-00400230 at a joint tv appearance on april 1
+HqlLt82irP8-01759-00400231-00400447 ending in regova milosevic handshake
+HqlLt82irP8-01760-00400448-00400654 ragova asked for a peaceful solution and
+HqlLt82irP8-01761-00400655-00400830 the bombings to stop
+HqlLt82irP8-01762-00400831-00401023 in the same conference milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-01763-00401024-00401230 presented his proposal for kosovo as
+HqlLt82irP8-01764-00401231-00401463 part of a three-unit federal yugoslavian
+HqlLt82irP8-01765-00401464-00401558 state
+HqlLt82irP8-01766-00401559-00401782 regova's presence in belgrade scattered
+HqlLt82irP8-01767-00401783-00402039 another set of accusations from kla and
+HqlLt82irP8-01768-00402040-00402182 its supporters
+HqlLt82irP8-01769-00402183-00402430 besides being passive and too peaceful
+HqlLt82irP8-01770-00402431-00402751 regova and dlk were accused as traitors
+HqlLt82irP8-01771-00402752-00402958 following regova's passage to italy on
+HqlLt82irP8-01772-00402959-00403158 may 5 regova claimed that he had been
+HqlLt82irP8-01773-00403159-00403430 under duress in any agreement with
+HqlLt82irP8-01774-00403431-00403678 milosevic had no meaning the general
+HqlLt82irP8-01775-00403679-00403902 opinion was the dlk structures and its
+HqlLt82irP8-01776-00403903-00404071 leader would vanish from the political
+HqlLt82irP8-01777-00404072-00404263 scene of kosovo after the yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-01778-00404264-00404382 withdrawal
+HqlLt82irP8-01779-00404383-00404615 regova himself stayed for several weeks
+HqlLt82irP8-01780-00404616-00404815 out of kosovo while the prime minister
+HqlLt82irP8-01781-00404816-00405006 bukoshi and other leading membership
+HqlLt82irP8-01782-00405007-00405127 returned
+HqlLt82irP8-01783-00405128-00405327 but since only a fraction of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01784-00405328-00405551 albanians participated actively in the
+HqlLt82irP8-01785-00405552-00405806 war the support for dlk increased again
+HqlLt82irP8-01786-00405807-00405982 as a way of opposing the arrogance of
+HqlLt82irP8-01787-00405983-00406223 many kla leaders who openly engaged in
+HqlLt82irP8-01788-00406224-00406430 controlling the economical and political
+HqlLt82irP8-01789-00406431-00406615 life within the vacuum created right
+HqlLt82irP8-01790-00406616-00406895 before the deployment of unmik
+HqlLt82irP8-01791-00406896-00407215 in the october 2000 local elections dlk
+HqlLt82irP8-01792-00407216-00407391 was confirmed as the leading political
+HqlLt82irP8-01793-00407392-00407654 party the feud between kla and dlk
+HqlLt82irP8-01794-00407655-00407910 continued in the post-war kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01795-00407911-00408167 many political activists of dlk were
+HqlLt82irP8-01796-00408168-00408367 assassinated with the perpetrators not
+HqlLt82irP8-01797-00408368-00408639 being found including ex-hema j l
+HqlLt82irP8-01798-00408640-00409415 mustafa regova's most trusted aide
+HqlLt82irP8-01799-00409416-00410287 topic casualties
+HqlLt82irP8-01800-00410288-00410830 topic civilian losses
+HqlLt82irP8-01801-00410831-00411103 in june 2000 the red cross reported that
+HqlLt82irP8-01802-00411104-00411195 3
+HqlLt82irP8-01803-00411196-00411534 368 civilians mainly cassovar albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-01804-00411535-00411751 but with several hundred serbs and roma
+HqlLt82irP8-01805-00411752-00411951 were still missing nearly one year after
+HqlLt82irP8-01806-00411952-00412159 the conflict most of whom it concluded
+HqlLt82irP8-01807-00412160-00412351 had to be presumed dead a study by
+HqlLt82irP8-01808-00412352-00412526 researchers from the center for disease
+HqlLt82irP8-01809-00412527-00412703 control and prevention in atlanta
+HqlLt82irP8-01810-00412704-00412918 georgia published in 2000 in medical
+HqlLt82irP8-01811-00412919-00413214 journal the lancet estimated that 12 000
+HqlLt82irP8-01812-00413215-00413463 deaths in the total population
+HqlLt82irP8-01813-00413464-00413695 could be attributed to war this number
+HqlLt82irP8-01814-00413696-00413914 was achieved by surveying
+HqlLt82irP8-01815-00413915-00414263 1197 households from february 1998
+HqlLt82irP8-01816-00414264-00414503 through june 1999
+HqlLt82irP8-01817-00414504-00414807 67 out of the 105 deaths reported in the
+HqlLt82irP8-01818-00414808-00415007 sample population were attributed to
+HqlLt82irP8-01819-00415008-00415239 war-related trauma which extrapolates to
+HqlLt82irP8-01820-00415239-00415495 be 12 000 deaths if the same war-related
+HqlLt82irP8-01821-00415496-00415703 mortality rate is applied to kosovo's
+HqlLt82irP8-01822-00415704-00415870 total population
+HqlLt82irP8-01823-00415871-00416078 the highest mortality rates were in men
+HqlLt82irP8-01824-00416079-00416355 between 15 and 49
+HqlLt82irP8-01825-00416356-00416647 5421 victims of war as well as for men
+HqlLt82irP8-01826-00416647-00416803 over 55
+HqlLt82irP8-01827-00416804-00417030 176 victims
+HqlLt82irP8-01828-00417031-00417230 for persons younger than 15 the
+HqlLt82irP8-01829-00417231-00417503 estimates were 160 victims for males and
+HqlLt82irP8-01830-00417504-00417695 200 for females
+HqlLt82irP8-01831-00417696-00417999 for women between 15 to 49 the estimate
+HqlLt82irP8-01832-00418000-00418230 is that there were 510 victims older
+HqlLt82irP8-01833-00418231-00418518 than 50 years the estimate is 541
+HqlLt82irP8-01834-00418519-00418630 victims
+HqlLt82irP8-01835-00418631-00418830 the authors stated that it was not
+HqlLt82irP8-01836-00418831-00419055 possible to differentiate completely
+HqlLt82irP8-01837-00419056-00419495 between civilian and military casualties
+HqlLt82irP8-01838-00419496-00419703 in the 2008 joint study by the
+HqlLt82irP8-01839-00419704-00419983 humanitarian law center an ngo from
+HqlLt82irP8-01840-00419984-00420199 serbia and kosovo the international
+HqlLt82irP8-01841-00420200-00420375 commission on missing person and the
+HqlLt82irP8-01842-00420376-00420575 missing person commission of serbia made
+HqlLt82irP8-01843-00420576-00420799 a name by name list of war and post-war
+HqlLt82irP8-01844-00420800-00420918 victims
+HqlLt82irP8-01845-00420919-00421210 according to the kosovo memory book
+HqlLt82irP8-01846-00421212-00421463 13421 people were killed in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01847-00421464-00421639 during the conflict from the 1st of
+HqlLt82irP8-01848-00421639-00422022 january 1998 up until december 2000
+HqlLt82irP8-01849-00422023-00422179 of that sum
+HqlLt82irP8-01850-00422180-00422451 10533 were albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-01851-00422452-00422910 2238 were serbs 126 roma 100 bosniaks
+HqlLt82irP8-01852-00422912-00423270 and others in august 2017 the u.n high
+HqlLt82irP8-01853-00423271-00423463 commissioner for human rights reported
+HqlLt82irP8-01854-00423464-00423831 that between 1998 and 1999 more than 6
+HqlLt82irP8-01855-00423832-00424055 000 people had gone missing in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01856-00424056-00424179 and that
+HqlLt82irP8-01857-00424180-00424431 1658 remained missing with neither the
+HqlLt82irP8-01858-00424432-00424647 person nor the body having at that time
+HqlLt82irP8-01859-00424647-00425214 been found
+HqlLt82irP8-01860-00425215-00425463 topic civilians killed by nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01861-00425464-00425870 airstrikes
+HqlLt82irP8-01862-00425871-00426095 yugoslavia claimed that nato attacks
+HqlLt82irP8-01863-00426096-00426363 caused between 1200 and
+HqlLt82irP8-01864-00426364-00426670 5700 civilian casualties
+HqlLt82irP8-01865-00426671-00426935 nato's secretary general lord robertson
+HqlLt82irP8-01866-00426935-00427183 wrote after the war that the actual toll
+HqlLt82irP8-01867-00427184-00427422 in human lives will never be precisely
+HqlLt82irP8-01868-00427423-00427518 known
+HqlLt82irP8-01869-00427519-00427695 but he then offered the figures found in
+HqlLt82irP8-01870-00427696-00427887 a report by human rights watch as a
+HqlLt82irP8-01871-00427888-00428047 reasonable estimate
+HqlLt82irP8-01872-00428047-00428470 this report counted between 488 and 527
+HqlLt82irP8-01873-00428471-00428775 civilian deaths 90 to 150 of them killed
+HqlLt82irP8-01874-00428776-00428999 from cluster bomb use in 90 separate
+HqlLt82irP8-01875-00429000-00429231 incidents the worst of which were the 87
+HqlLt82irP8-01876-00429232-00429431 albanian refugees who perished at the
+HqlLt82irP8-01877-00429432-00429695 hands of nato bombs near carissa
+HqlLt82irP8-01878-00429696-00429910 attacks in kosovo overall were more
+HqlLt82irP8-01879-00429912-00430110 deadly due to the confused situation
+HqlLt82irP8-01880-00430112-00430327 with many refugee movements the
+HqlLt82irP8-01881-00430328-00430495 one-third of the incidents there account
+HqlLt82irP8-01882-00430496-00431135 for more than half of the deaths
+HqlLt82irP8-01883-00431135-00431414 topic civilians killed by yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-01884-00431415-00431814 forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01885-00431815-00431991 various estimates of the number of
+HqlLt82irP8-01886-00431992-00432214 killings attributed to yugoslav forces
+HqlLt82irP8-01887-00432215-00432431 have been announced through the years
+HqlLt82irP8-01888-00432432-00432663 an estimated 800 thousand kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-01889-00432664-00432943 albanians fled and an estimated 7000 to
+HqlLt82irP8-01890-00432943-00433159 9000 were killed according to the new
+HqlLt82irP8-01891-00433160-00433295 york times
+HqlLt82irP8-01892-00433296-00433543 the estimate of 10 000 deaths is used by
+HqlLt82irP8-01893-00433543-00433759 the u.s department of state which cited
+HqlLt82irP8-01894-00433760-00433935 human rights abuses as its main
+HqlLt82irP8-01895-00433935-00434175 justification for attacking yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01896-00434176-00434383 statistical experts working on behalf of
+HqlLt82irP8-01897-00434384-00434655 the icty prosecution estimate that the
+HqlLt82irP8-01898-00434656-00434831 total number of dead is about ten
+HqlLt82irP8-01899-00434832-00434943 thousand
+HqlLt82irP8-01900-00434943-00435159 eric fruits a professor at portland
+HqlLt82irP8-01901-00435160-00435343 state university argued that the
+HqlLt82irP8-01902-00435343-00435510 expert's analyses were based on
+HqlLt82irP8-01903-00435512-00435703 fundamentally flawed data and that none
+HqlLt82irP8-01904-00435704-00435895 of its conclusions are supported by any
+HqlLt82irP8-01905-00435896-00436151 valid statistical analysis or tests in
+HqlLt82irP8-01906-00436152-00436391 august 2000 the international criminal
+HqlLt82irP8-01907-00436392-00436703 tribunal for the former yugoslavia icty
+HqlLt82irP8-01908-00436704-00437031 announced that it had exhumed 2708
+HqlLt82irP8-01909-00437032-00437263 bodies in kosovo but declined to say how
+HqlLt82irP8-01910-00437264-00437422 many were thought to be victims of war
+HqlLt82irP8-01911-00437423-00437543 crimes
+HqlLt82irP8-01912-00437543-00437847 kfor sources told agents france press
+HqlLt82irP8-01913-00437847-00437947 that of the
+HqlLt82irP8-01914-00437947-00438214 2150 bodies that had been discovered up
+HqlLt82irP8-01915-00438215-00438575 until july 1999. about 850 were thought
+HqlLt82irP8-01916-00438576-00438791 to be victims of war crimes known mass
+HqlLt82irP8-01917-00438792-00438935 graves
+HqlLt82irP8-01918-00438935-00439239 in 2001 800 still unidentified bodies
+HqlLt82irP8-01919-00439239-00439431 were found in pits on a police training
+HqlLt82irP8-01920-00439432-00439639 ground just outside belgrade and in
+HqlLt82irP8-01921-00439639-00439999 eastern serbia at least 700 bodies were
+HqlLt82irP8-01922-00440000-00440214 uncovered in a mass grave located within
+HqlLt82irP8-01923-00440215-00440431 a special anti-terrorist police units
+HqlLt82irP8-01924-00440432-00440607 compound in the belgrade suburb of
+HqlLt82irP8-01925-00440608-00440775 botanica
+HqlLt82irP8-01926-00440776-00440966 seventy-seven bodies were found in the
+HqlLt82irP8-01927-00440967-00441310 eastern serbian town of petrovocillo
+HqlLt82irP8-01928-00441312-00441487 fifty bodies were uncovered near the
+HqlLt82irP8-01929-00441488-00442239 western serbian town of parak
+HqlLt82irP8-01930-00442239-00442679 nato losses
+HqlLt82irP8-01931-00442680-00442903 military casualties on the nato side
+HqlLt82irP8-01932-00442904-00443159 were light according to official reports
+HqlLt82irP8-01933-00443160-00443383 the alliance suffered no fatalities as a
+HqlLt82irP8-01934-00443384-00443670 direct result of combat operations
+HqlLt82irP8-01935-00443671-00443887 in the early hours of may 5 a u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-01936-00443888-00444207 military oz 64 apache helicopter crashed
+HqlLt82irP8-01937-00444208-00444414 not far from the border between serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-01938-00444415-00444759 and albania another u.s a-64 helicopter
+HqlLt82irP8-01939-00444760-00445047 crashed about 40 miles 64 kilometers
+HqlLt82irP8-01940-00445047-00445295 northeast of tirana albania's capital
+HqlLt82irP8-01941-00445296-00445607 very close to the albanian kosovo border
+HqlLt82irP8-01942-00445608-00445895 according to cnn the crash happened 45
+HqlLt82irP8-01943-00445896-00446255 miles 72 kilometers northeast of tarana
+HqlLt82irP8-01944-00446256-00446479 the two u.s pilots of the helicopter
+HqlLt82irP8-01945-00446480-00446718 army chief warrant officers david gibbs
+HqlLt82irP8-01946-00446719-00446999 and kevin l reichert died in that crash
+HqlLt82irP8-01947-00447000-00447191 they were the only nato fatalities
+HqlLt82irP8-01948-00447192-00447359 during the war according to nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01949-00447360-00447551 official statements
+HqlLt82irP8-01950-00447552-00447727 there were other casualties after the
+HqlLt82irP8-01951-00447728-00447983 war mostly due to land mines
+HqlLt82irP8-01952-00447984-00448191 during the war the alliance reported the
+HqlLt82irP8-01953-00448192-00448422 loss of the first u.s stealth aeroplane
+HqlLt82irP8-01954-00448423-00448710 an f-117 nighthawk ever shot down by
+HqlLt82irP8-01955-00448712-00448855 enemy fire
+HqlLt82irP8-01956-00448856-00449087 furthermore an f-16 fighter was lost
+HqlLt82irP8-01957-00449088-00449335 near sabac and 32 unmanned aerial
+HqlLt82irP8-01958-00449335-00449559 vehicles uavs from different nations
+HqlLt82irP8-01959-00449560-00449695 were lost
+HqlLt82irP8-01960-00449696-00449903 the wreckages of downed uavs were shown
+HqlLt82irP8-01961-00449904-00450175 on serbian television during the war
+HqlLt82irP8-01962-00450176-00450503 some u.s sources claim a second f-117a
+HqlLt82irP8-01963-00450504-00450703 was also heavily damaged and although it
+HqlLt82irP8-01964-00450704-00450903 made it back to its base it never flew
+HqlLt82irP8-01965-00450904-00451151 again eight ten thunderbolts have been
+HqlLt82irP8-01966-00451152-00451366 reported as losses with two shot down
+HqlLt82irP8-01967-00451367-00451559 and another two damaged
+HqlLt82irP8-01968-00451560-00451775 three u.s soldiers riding a humvee in a
+HqlLt82irP8-01969-00451776-00451943 routine patrol were captured by
+HqlLt82irP8-01970-00451943-00452151 yugoslav's special forces across the
+HqlLt82irP8-01971-00452152-00452863 macedonian border
+HqlLt82irP8-01972-00452864-00453414 yugoslav military losses
+HqlLt82irP8-01973-00453415-00453631 at first nato claimed to have killed 10
+HqlLt82irP8-01974-00453632-00453879 000 yugoslav troops while yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-01975-00453880-00454143 claimed only 500 the nato investigative
+HqlLt82irP8-01976-00454143-00454310 teams later corrected it to a few
+HqlLt82irP8-01977-00454312-00454495 hundred yugoslav troops killed by
+HqlLt82irP8-01978-00454496-00454639 airstrikes
+HqlLt82irP8-01979-00454639-00454955 in 2001 the yugoslav authorities claimed
+HqlLt82irP8-01980-00454956-00455327 462 soldiers were killed and 299 wounded
+HqlLt82irP8-01981-00455328-00455527 by nato airstrikes
+HqlLt82irP8-01982-00455528-00455879 later in 2013 serbia claimed that 1008
+HqlLt82irP8-01983-00455880-00456103 yugoslav soldiers and policemen had been
+HqlLt82irP8-01984-00456104-00456287 killed by nato bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-01985-00456288-00456503 nato initially claimed that 5000
+HqlLt82irP8-01986-00456504-00456718 yugoslav servicemen had been killed and
+HqlLt82irP8-01987-00456719-00456935 10 000 had been wounded during the nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01988-00456935-00457079 air campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-01989-00457080-00457322 nato has since revised this estimate to
+HqlLt82irP8-01990-00457323-00457622 1200 yugoslav soldiers and policemen
+HqlLt82irP8-01991-00457623-00457839 killed of military equipment nato
+HqlLt82irP8-01992-00457839-00458095 destroyed around 50 yugoslav aircraft
+HqlLt82irP8-01993-00458096-00458343 including six mig-29s destroyed in
+HqlLt82irP8-01994-00458343-00458518 air-to-air combat
+HqlLt82irP8-01995-00458519-00458735 a number of g4 super galebs were
+HqlLt82irP8-01996-00458735-00458903 destroyed in their hardened aircraft
+HqlLt82irP8-01997-00458904-00459103 shelter by bunker-busting bombs which
+HqlLt82irP8-01998-00459104-00459287 started a fire which spread quickly
+HqlLt82irP8-01999-00459288-00459439 because the shelter doors were not
+HqlLt82irP8-02000-00459439-00459559 closed
+HqlLt82irP8-02001-00459560-00459759 at the end of war nato officially
+HqlLt82irP8-02002-00459760-00459935 claimed that they had destroyed 93
+HqlLt82irP8-02003-00459935-00460118 yugoslav tanks
+HqlLt82irP8-02004-00460119-00460335 yugoslavia admitted a total of three
+HqlLt82irP8-02005-00460335-00460575 destroyed tanks the latter figure was
+HqlLt82irP8-02006-00460576-00460783 verified by european inspectors when
+HqlLt82irP8-02007-00460784-00460999 yugoslavia rejoined the dayton accords
+HqlLt82irP8-02008-00461000-00461151 by noting the difference between the
+HqlLt82irP8-02009-00461152-00461327 number of tanks then and at the last
+HqlLt82irP8-02010-00461328-00461566 inspection in 1995.
+HqlLt82irP8-02011-00461567-00461814 nato claimed that the yugoslav army lost
+HqlLt82irP8-02012-00461815-00462366 93 tanks m80 fos and t55s 132 apcs and
+HqlLt82irP8-02013-00462367-00462599 52 artillery pieces
+HqlLt82irP8-02014-00462600-00462831 newsweek the second largest news weekly
+HqlLt82irP8-02015-00462832-00463063 magazine in the u.s gained access to a
+HqlLt82irP8-02016-00463064-00463270 suppressed u.s air force report that
+HqlLt82irP8-02017-00463271-00463470 claimed the real numbers were three
+HqlLt82irP8-02018-00463471-00463839 tanks not 120 18 armored personnel
+HqlLt82irP8-02019-00463839-00464255 carriers not 220 20 artillery pieces not
+HqlLt82irP8-02020-00464256-00464503 450.
+HqlLt82irP8-02021-00464504-00464718 another u.s air force report gives a
+HqlLt82irP8-02022-00464719-00465047 figure of 14 tanks destroyed most of the
+HqlLt82irP8-02023-00465047-00465287 targets hit in kosovo were decoys such
+HqlLt82irP8-02024-00465288-00465495 as tanks made out of plastic sheets with
+HqlLt82irP8-02025-00465496-00465727 telegraph poles for gun barrels or old
+HqlLt82irP8-02026-00465728-00465943 world war ii era tanks which were not
+HqlLt82irP8-02027-00465943-00466063 functional
+HqlLt82irP8-02028-00466064-00466287 anti-aircraft defenses were preserved by
+HqlLt82irP8-02029-00466288-00466479 the simple expedient of not turning them
+HqlLt82irP8-02030-00466480-00466663 on preventing nato aircraft from
+HqlLt82irP8-02031-00466664-00466855 detecting them but forcing them to keep
+HqlLt82irP8-02032-00466856-00467239 above a ceiling of 15 000 ft 4600 metres
+HqlLt82irP8-02033-00467239-00467407 making accurate bombing much more
+HqlLt82irP8-02034-00467408-00467527 difficult
+HqlLt82irP8-02035-00467528-00467703 towards the end of the war it was
+HqlLt82irP8-02036-00467704-00467943 claimed that carpet bombing by b-52
+HqlLt82irP8-02037-00467943-00468151 aircraft had caused huge casualties
+HqlLt82irP8-02038-00468152-00468351 among yugoslav troops stationed along
+HqlLt82irP8-02039-00468352-00468583 the kosovo-albania border
+HqlLt82irP8-02040-00468584-00468807 careful searching by nato investigators
+HqlLt82irP8-02041-00468808-00468975 found no evidence of any such
+HqlLt82irP8-02042-00468976-00469214 large-scale casualties
+HqlLt82irP8-02043-00469215-00469375 the most significant loss for the
+HqlLt82irP8-02044-00469376-00469575 yugoslav army was the damaged and
+HqlLt82irP8-02045-00469576-00469775 destroyed infrastructure
+HqlLt82irP8-02046-00469776-00469983 almost all military air bases and
+HqlLt82irP8-02047-00469984-00470270 airfields battanica ledevchi slatina
+HqlLt82irP8-02048-00470271-00470470 golobavchi and dakovica and other
+HqlLt82irP8-02049-00470471-00470679 military buildings and facilities were
+HqlLt82irP8-02050-00470680-00470903 badly damaged or destroyed
+HqlLt82irP8-02051-00470904-00471079 unlike the units and their equipment
+HqlLt82irP8-02052-00471080-00471239 military buildings could not be
+HqlLt82irP8-02053-00471239-00471391 camouflaged
+HqlLt82irP8-02054-00471392-00471614 thus defence industry and military
+HqlLt82irP8-02055-00471615-00471847 technical overhaul facilities were also
+HqlLt82irP8-02056-00471847-00472135 seriously damaged utva zostava arms
+HqlLt82irP8-02057-00472135-00472366 factory moma stanoilovic air force
+HqlLt82irP8-02058-00472367-00472566 overhaul center technical overhaul
+HqlLt82irP8-02059-00472567-00472831 centers in kasich and kraguhevac
+HqlLt82irP8-02060-00472832-00473055 in an effort to weaken the yugoslav army
+HqlLt82irP8-02061-00473056-00473303 nato targeted several important civilian
+HqlLt82irP8-02062-00473304-00473551 facilities the panchevo oil refinery
+HqlLt82irP8-02063-00473552-00473895 novisad oil refinery bridges tv antennas
+HqlLt82irP8-02064-00473896-00474622 railroads etc
+HqlLt82irP8-02065-00474623-00475103 kla losses
+HqlLt82irP8-02066-00475104-00475431 around 1500 kosovo liberation army
+HqlLt82irP8-02067-00475432-00475655 soldiers were killed according to kla's
+HqlLt82irP8-02068-00475656-00475807 own estimates
+HqlLt82irP8-02069-00475808-00476199 hlc registered 2057 kla insurgents
+HqlLt82irP8-02070-00476200-00476910 killed in its comprehensive database
+HqlLt82irP8-02071-00476912-00477391 topic aftermath
+HqlLt82irP8-02072-00477392-00477622 the yugoslav and serb forces caused the
+HqlLt82irP8-02073-00477623-00477891 displacement of between 1.2 million to
+HqlLt82irP8-02074-00477892-00478231 1.45 million kosovo albanians
+HqlLt82irP8-02075-00478232-00478503 after the end of the war in june 1999
+HqlLt82irP8-02076-00478504-00478710 numerous albanian refugees started
+HqlLt82irP8-02077-00478712-00478847 returning home from neighboring
+HqlLt82irP8-02078-00478847-00478966 countries
+HqlLt82irP8-02079-00478967-00479263 by november 1999 according to the un
+HqlLt82irP8-02080-00479264-00479647 high commissioner for refugees 848 1100
+HqlLt82irP8-02081-00479647-00479866 out of 1
+HqlLt82irP8-02082-00479867-00480110 108913 had returned according to the
+HqlLt82irP8-02083-00480112-00480422 1991 yugoslavia census of the nearly 2
+HqlLt82irP8-02084-00480423-00480883 million population of kosovo in 1991.
+HqlLt82irP8-02085-00480884-00481195 194190 were serbs
+HqlLt82irP8-02086-00481196-00481491 45745 were romani and
+HqlLt82irP8-02087-00481492-00481759 20356 were montenegrins
+HqlLt82irP8-02088-00481760-00481951 according to the human rights watch two
+HqlLt82irP8-02089-00481952-00482135 hundred thousand serbs and thousands of
+HqlLt82irP8-02090-00482135-00482351 roma fled from kosovo during and after
+HqlLt82irP8-02091-00482352-00482470 the war
+HqlLt82irP8-02092-00482471-00482735 a 2001 human rights watches report
+HqlLt82irP8-02093-00482735-00482918 suggested that the removal of ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-02094-00482919-00483143 minorities in kosovo was done in order
+HqlLt82irP8-02095-00483143-00483359 to better justify an independent state
+HqlLt82irP8-02096-00483360-00483551 and there were over 1 000 reports of
+HqlLt82irP8-02097-00483552-00483759 beatings and torturing of minorities in
+HqlLt82irP8-02098-00483760-00484039 kosovo by ethnic albanians in 2000 after
+HqlLt82irP8-02099-00484039-00484191 the war finished
+HqlLt82irP8-02100-00484192-00484375 homes of minorities were burned and
+HqlLt82irP8-02101-00484376-00484583 orthodox churches and monasteries were
+HqlLt82irP8-02102-00484584-00484775 destroyed in the immediate aftermath of
+HqlLt82irP8-02103-00484776-00485055 kfor's arrival in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02104-00485056-00485262 attackers combined this destruction with
+HqlLt82irP8-02105-00485263-00485470 killings harassment and intimidation
+HqlLt82irP8-02106-00485471-00485622 designed to force people from their
+HqlLt82irP8-02107-00485623-00485791 homes and communities
+HqlLt82irP8-02108-00485792-00486007 the yugoslav red cross had also
+HqlLt82irP8-02109-00486008-00486259 registered 247
+HqlLt82irP8-02110-00486260-00486662 391 mostly serbian refugees by november
+HqlLt82irP8-02111-00486663-00487007 more than 164 000 serbs left kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02112-00487008-00487183 during the seven weeks which followed
+HqlLt82irP8-02113-00487184-00487407 yugoslav and serb fosse's withdrawal
+HqlLt82irP8-02114-00487408-00487710 from and the nato-led kosovo force kfor
+HqlLt82irP8-02115-00487712-00487918 entering kosovo further inter-ethnic
+HqlLt82irP8-02116-00487919-00488766 violence took place in 2000 and 2004
+HqlLt82irP8-02117-00488767-00489647 topic war crimes
+HqlLt82irP8-02118-00489647-00490343 topic by fr yugoslav and serb forces
+HqlLt82irP8-02119-00490343-00490566 for the government of serbia cooperation
+HqlLt82irP8-02120-00490567-00490759 with the international criminal tribunal
+HqlLt82irP8-02121-00490760-00490991 for the former yugoslavia is still
+HqlLt82irP8-02122-00490992-00491247 regarded as a distressing obligation the
+HqlLt82irP8-02123-00491247-00491495 necessary price for joining the european
+HqlLt82irP8-02124-00491496-00491662 union
+HqlLt82irP8-02125-00491663-00491935 yugoslav president slobodan milosevic
+HqlLt82irP8-02126-00491935-00492135 along with milan molotanovic nicolas
+HqlLt82irP8-02127-00492135-00492383 sanovich draggaljeb ochenik and vladjko
+HqlLt82irP8-02128-00492384-00492662 stoljilkovic were charged by the icty
+HqlLt82irP8-02129-00492663-00492862 with crimes against humanity including
+HqlLt82irP8-02130-00492863-00493175 murder forcible transfer deportation and
+HqlLt82irP8-02131-00493176-00493422 persecution on political racial or
+HqlLt82irP8-02132-00493423-00493631 religious grounds
+HqlLt82irP8-02133-00493632-00493887 in 2001 then president vojoslov
+HqlLt82irP8-02134-00493888-00494159 kostenika fought tooth and nail
+HqlLt82irP8-02135-00494160-00494375 against attempts to put milosevic before
+HqlLt82irP8-02136-00494376-00494575 an international court but was unable to
+HqlLt82irP8-02137-00494576-00494751 prevent this happening after further
+HqlLt82irP8-02138-00494752-00494951 atrocities were revealed
+HqlLt82irP8-02139-00494952-00495175 in october 2003 there were more
+HqlLt82irP8-02140-00495176-00495399 indictments against former armed forces
+HqlLt82irP8-02141-00495400-00495647 chief of staff nabaj supovkovic former
+HqlLt82irP8-02142-00495647-00495879 army corps commander vladimir lazarovich
+HqlLt82irP8-02143-00495880-00496055 former police official vlastemir
+HqlLt82irP8-02144-00496056-00496295 dordovich and sriten lukic
+HqlLt82irP8-02145-00496296-00496479 all were indicted for crimes against
+HqlLt82irP8-02146-00496480-00496695 humanity and violations of the laws or
+HqlLt82irP8-02147-00496696-00496887 customs of war
+HqlLt82irP8-02148-00496888-00497118 later the united nations international
+HqlLt82irP8-02149-00497119-00497279 criminal tribunal for the former
+HqlLt82irP8-02150-00497280-00497591 yugoslavia icty legally found that fry
+HqlLt82irP8-02151-00497592-00497910 and serbian forces use d violence and
+HqlLt82irP8-02152-00497912-00498135 terror to force a significant number of
+HqlLt82irP8-02153-00498135-00498366 kosovo albanians from their homes and
+HqlLt82irP8-02154-00498367-00498559 across the borders in order for the
+HqlLt82irP8-02155-00498560-00498766 state authorities to maintain control
+HqlLt82irP8-02156-00498767-00499039 over kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02157-00499039-00499295 this campaign was conducted by army and
+HqlLt82irP8-02158-00499296-00499622 interior ministry police forces mup
+HqlLt82irP8-02159-00499623-00499855 under the control of frye and serbian
+HqlLt82irP8-02160-00499856-00500070 authorities who were responsible for
+HqlLt82irP8-02161-00500071-00500327 mass expulsions of kosovo-albanian
+HqlLt82irP8-02162-00500328-00500551 civilians from their homes as well as
+HqlLt82irP8-02163-00500552-00500807 incidents of killings sexual assault and
+HqlLt82irP8-02164-00500808-00501135 the intentional destruction of mosques
+HqlLt82irP8-02165-00501135-00501351 religious objects were also damaged or
+HqlLt82irP8-02166-00501352-00501447 destroyed
+HqlLt82irP8-02167-00501447-00501735 of the 498 mosques in kosovo that were
+HqlLt82irP8-02168-00501735-00501959 in active use the international criminal
+HqlLt82irP8-02169-00501960-00502270 tribunal for the former yugoslavia icty
+HqlLt82irP8-02170-00502271-00502559 documented that 225 mosques sustained
+HqlLt82irP8-02171-00502560-00502775 damage or destruction by the yugoslav
+HqlLt82irP8-02172-00502776-00502910 serb army
+HqlLt82irP8-02173-00502912-00503170 in all 18 months of the yugoslav serb
+HqlLt82irP8-02174-00503171-00503462 counterinsurgency campaign between 1998
+HqlLt82irP8-02175-00503463-00503887 1999 within kosovo resulted in 225 or a
+HqlLt82irP8-02176-00503888-00504110 third out of a total of 600 mosques
+HqlLt82irP8-02177-00504112-00504414 being damaged vandalized or destroyed
+HqlLt82irP8-02178-00504415-00504639 during the war islamic architectural
+HqlLt82irP8-02179-00504639-00504847 heritage posed for yugoslav's serb
+HqlLt82irP8-02180-00504847-00505070 paramilitary and military forces as
+HqlLt82irP8-02181-00505071-00505287 albanian patrimony with destruction of
+HqlLt82irP8-02182-00505288-00505510 non-serbian architectural heritage being
+HqlLt82irP8-02183-00505512-00505710 a methodical and planned component of
+HqlLt82irP8-02184-00505712-00506462 ethnic cleansing in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02185-00506463-00507022 by kosovo-albanian forces
+HqlLt82irP8-02186-00507023-00507262 the icty also leveled indictments
+HqlLt82irP8-02187-00507263-00507535 against kla members fatmir limage herod
+HqlLt82irP8-02188-00507535-00507807 and bala isak mazliyu and agim murtezi
+HqlLt82irP8-02189-00507808-00508022 for crimes against humanity
+HqlLt82irP8-02190-00508023-00508310 they were arrested on february 17 and 18
+HqlLt82irP8-02191-00508312-00508479 2003
+HqlLt82irP8-02192-00508480-00508670 charges were soon dropped against agim
+HqlLt82irP8-02193-00508671-00508910 murtezi as a case of mistaken identity
+HqlLt82irP8-02194-00508912-00509103 and fatmir limage was acquitted of all
+HqlLt82irP8-02195-00509104-00509479 charges on november 30 2005 and released
+HqlLt82irP8-02196-00509480-00509655 the charges were in relation to the
+HqlLt82irP8-02197-00509656-00509831 prison camp run by the defendants at
+HqlLt82irP8-02198-00509832-00510207 lapuusnik between may and july 1998.
+HqlLt82irP8-02199-00510208-00510518 in 2008 carla del ponte published a book
+HqlLt82irP8-02200-00510519-00510695 in which she alleged that after the end
+HqlLt82irP8-02201-00510696-00510999 of the war in 1999 kosovo albanians were
+HqlLt82irP8-02202-00511000-00511287 smuggling organs of between 100 and 300
+HqlLt82irP8-02203-00511288-00511462 serbs and other minorities from the
+HqlLt82irP8-02204-00511463-00511783 province to albania in march 2005 a u.n
+HqlLt82irP8-02205-00511784-00511999 tribunal indicted kosovo prime minister
+HqlLt82irP8-02206-00512000-00512222 ramesh haradina for war crimes against
+HqlLt82irP8-02207-00512223-00512351 the serbs
+HqlLt82irP8-02208-00512352-00512607 on march 8 he tendered his resignation
+HqlLt82irP8-02209-00512608-00512870 herodina an ethnic albanian was a former
+HqlLt82irP8-02210-00512871-00513062 commander who led units of the kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02211-00513063-00513262 liberation army and was appointed prime
+HqlLt82irP8-02212-00513263-00513495 minister after winning an election of 72
+HqlLt82irP8-02213-00513496-00513655 votes to three in the kosovo's
+HqlLt82irP8-02214-00513656-00513927 parliament in december 2004.
+HqlLt82irP8-02215-00513928-00514118 herodine was acquitted on all counts
+HqlLt82irP8-02216-00514119-00514343 along with fellow kla veterans idris
+HqlLt82irP8-02217-00514343-00514575 balaj and lahi brahimage
+HqlLt82irP8-02218-00514576-00514759 the office of the prosecutor appealed
+HqlLt82irP8-02219-00514760-00515007 their acquittals resulting in the icty
+HqlLt82irP8-02220-00515008-00515214 ordering a partial retrial
+HqlLt82irP8-02221-00515215-00515495 on the 29 of november 2012 all three
+HqlLt82irP8-02222-00515496-00515670 were acquitted for the second time on
+HqlLt82irP8-02223-00515671-00515814 all charges
+HqlLt82irP8-02224-00515815-00516159 according to human rights watch hrw 800
+HqlLt82irP8-02225-00516160-00516414 non-albanian civilians were kidnapped
+HqlLt82irP8-02226-00516415-00516870 and murdered from 1998 to 1999
+HqlLt82irP8-02227-00516871-00517018 after the war
+HqlLt82irP8-02228-00517019-00517422 479 people have gone missing
+HqlLt82irP8-02229-00517423-00517647 most of them serbs
+HqlLt82irP8-02230-00517647-00517943 in april 2014 the assembly of kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02231-00517943-00518070 considered and approved the
+HqlLt82irP8-02232-00518071-00518279 establishment of a special court to try
+HqlLt82irP8-02233-00518280-00518510 cases involving crimes and other serious
+HqlLt82irP8-02234-00518512-00518675 abuses committed in
+HqlLt82irP8-02235-00518676-00518975 1999-2000 by members of the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-02236-00518976-00519175 there have been many reports of abuses
+HqlLt82irP8-02237-00519176-00519391 and war crimes committed by the kla
+HqlLt82irP8-02238-00519392-00519591 during and after the conflict such as
+HqlLt82irP8-02239-00519592-00519822 massacres of civilians prison camps and
+HqlLt82irP8-02240-00519823-00519999 destruction of medieval churches and
+HqlLt82irP8-02241-00520000-00520647 monuments
+HqlLt82irP8-02242-00520647-00521110 by nato forces
+HqlLt82irP8-02243-00521112-00521327 the yugoslav government and a number of
+HqlLt82irP8-02244-00521328-00521543 international pressure groups e.g
+HqlLt82irP8-02245-00521543-00521759 amnesty international claimed that nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02246-00521760-00521943 had carried out war crimes during the
+HqlLt82irP8-02247-00521943-00522127 conflict notably the bombing of the
+HqlLt82irP8-02248-00522128-00522359 serbian tv headquarters in belgrade on
+HqlLt82irP8-02249-00522360-00522703 april 23 1999 where 16 people were
+HqlLt82irP8-02250-00522704-00522966 killed and 16 more were injured
+HqlLt82irP8-02251-00522967-00523222 sean jones of amnesty stated the bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02252-00523223-00523431 of the headquarters of serbian state
+HqlLt82irP8-02253-00523432-00523662 radio and television was a deliberate
+HqlLt82irP8-02254-00523663-00523918 attack on a civilian object and as such
+HqlLt82irP8-02255-00523919-00524199 constitutes a war crime
+HqlLt82irP8-02256-00524200-00524462 a later report conducted by the icty
+HqlLt82irP8-02257-00524463-00524687 entitled final report to the prosecutor
+HqlLt82irP8-02258-00524688-00524847 by the committee established to review
+HqlLt82irP8-02259-00524848-00525031 the nato bombing campaign against the
+HqlLt82irP8-02260-00525032-00525270 federal republic of yugoslavia concluded
+HqlLt82irP8-02261-00525271-00525559 that insofar as the attack actually was
+HqlLt82irP8-02262-00525560-00525766 aimed at disrupting the communications
+HqlLt82irP8-02263-00525767-00526087 network it was legally acceptable
+HqlLt82irP8-02264-00526088-00526375 and that nato's targeting of the rts
+HqlLt82irP8-02265-00526376-00526622 building for propaganda purposes was an
+HqlLt82irP8-02266-00526623-00526887 incidental albeit complementary aim of
+HqlLt82irP8-02267-00526888-00527095 its primary goal of disabling the
+HqlLt82irP8-02268-00527096-00527335 serbian military command and control
+HqlLt82irP8-02269-00527336-00527543 system and to destroy the nerve system
+HqlLt82irP8-02270-00527544-00527783 and apparatus that keeps milosevic in
+HqlLt82irP8-02271-00527784-00527935 power
+HqlLt82irP8-02272-00527936-00528159 in regards to civilian casualties it
+HqlLt82irP8-02273-00528160-00528311 further stated that though they were
+HqlLt82irP8-02274-00528312-00528518 unfortunately high they do not appear to
+HqlLt82irP8-02275-00528519-00529287 be clearly disproportionate
+HqlLt82irP8-02276-00529288-00529487 international reaction to nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02277-00529488-00530359 intervention
+HqlLt82irP8-02278-00530360-00530759 africa
+HqlLt82irP8-02279-00530760-00530975 egypt supported nato intervention in
+HqlLt82irP8-02280-00530976-00531191 kosovo and withdrew its ambassador from
+HqlLt82irP8-02281-00531192-00531351 belgrade
+HqlLt82irP8-02282-00531352-00531607 libyan jamaharaya leader muammar gaddafi
+HqlLt82irP8-02283-00531608-00531807 opposed the campaign and called on world
+HqlLt82irP8-02284-00531808-00531991 leaders to support yugoslavia's
+HqlLt82irP8-02285-00531992-00532183 legitimate right to defend its freedoms
+HqlLt82irP8-02286-00532184-00532375 and territorial integrity against a
+HqlLt82irP8-02287-00532376-00533070 possible aggression
+HqlLt82irP8-02288-00533071-00533455 asia
+HqlLt82irP8-02289-00533456-00533751 cambodia was against the campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02290-00533752-00533935 china deeply condemned the bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02291-00533936-00534095 saying it was an act of aggression
+HqlLt82irP8-02292-00534096-00534311 against the yugoslav people especially
+HqlLt82irP8-02293-00534312-00534527 when nato bombed its embassy in belgrade
+HqlLt82irP8-02294-00534528-00534807 on may 7 1999. riots and mass
+HqlLt82irP8-02295-00534808-00534983 demonstrations against the governments
+HqlLt82irP8-02296-00534984-00535159 of the united states and great britain
+HqlLt82irP8-02297-00535160-00535343 were reported against both the attack
+HqlLt82irP8-02298-00535344-00535551 and the operation overall
+HqlLt82irP8-02299-00535552-00535766 zhong zemin the president of the country
+HqlLt82irP8-02300-00535767-00535943 at the time called once more for an
+HqlLt82irP8-02301-00535944-00536111 immediate halt to the airstrikes and
+HqlLt82irP8-02302-00536112-00536399 demanded peaceful negotiations
+HqlLt82irP8-02303-00536400-00536607 india condemned the bombing the indian
+HqlLt82irP8-02304-00536608-00536807 foreign ministry also stated that it
+HqlLt82irP8-02305-00536808-00537014 urged all military actions to be brought
+HqlLt82irP8-02306-00537015-00537239 to a halt and that fr yugoslavia be
+HqlLt82irP8-02307-00537240-00537431 enabled to resolve its internal issues
+HqlLt82irP8-02308-00537432-00537583 internally
+HqlLt82irP8-02309-00537584-00537862 indonesia was against the campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02310-00537863-00538135 israel did not support the 1999 nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02311-00538136-00538335 bombing of yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-02312-00538336-00538575 ariel sharon criticized nato's bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02313-00538576-00538870 as an act of brutal interventionism
+HqlLt82irP8-02314-00538871-00539055 it was suggested that sharon may have
+HqlLt82irP8-02315-00539056-00539262 supported the yugoslav position because
+HqlLt82irP8-02316-00539263-00539470 of the serbian population's history of
+HqlLt82irP8-02317-00539471-00539759 saving jews during the holocaust
+HqlLt82irP8-02318-00539760-00539966 jordan supported nato intervention in
+HqlLt82irP8-02319-00539967-00540183 kosovo and withdrew its ambassador from
+HqlLt82irP8-02320-00540184-00540335 belgrade
+HqlLt82irP8-02321-00540336-00540614 japan's pm kizo obuchi advocated the
+HqlLt82irP8-02322-00540615-00540839 bombing stating that yugoslavia had an
+HqlLt82irP8-02323-00540840-00541070 uncompromising attitude japan's foreign
+HqlLt82irP8-02324-00541071-00541351 minister masahiko komura said that japan
+HqlLt82irP8-02325-00541352-00541543 understands nato's use of force as
+HqlLt82irP8-02326-00541544-00541718 measures that had to be taken to prevent
+HqlLt82irP8-02327-00541719-00541983 humanitarian
+HqlLt82irP8-02328-00541984-00542183 malaysia supported the bombing stating
+HqlLt82irP8-02329-00542184-00542343 that it was necessary to prevent
+HqlLt82irP8-02330-00542344-00542575 genocide in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02331-00542576-00542759 pakistan's government was concerned
+HqlLt82irP8-02332-00542760-00542983 about developing situations in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02333-00542984-00543247 and called for un intervention
+HqlLt82irP8-02334-00543248-00543455 united arab emirates supported nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02335-00543456-00543695 intervention in kosovo the uae
+HqlLt82irP8-02336-00543696-00543911 population contributed large amounts of
+HqlLt82irP8-02337-00543912-00544166 money toward humanitarian aid set up and
+HqlLt82irP8-02338-00544167-00544366 ran a highly efficient refugee camp
+HqlLt82irP8-02339-00544367-00544535 while building an airstrip for incoming
+HqlLt82irP8-02340-00544536-00544718 relief supplies at cooks in northern
+HqlLt82irP8-02341-00544719-00544870 albania
+HqlLt82irP8-02342-00544871-00545679 vietnam was against the bombing campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02343-00545680-00546062 europe
+HqlLt82irP8-02344-00546063-00546279 albania strongly supported the bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02345-00546280-00546503 campaign this resulted in the breaking
+HqlLt82irP8-02346-00546504-00546735 of diplomatic ties between albania and
+HqlLt82irP8-02347-00546736-00546951 the federal republic of yugoslavia who
+HqlLt82irP8-02348-00546952-00547118 accused the albanian government of
+HqlLt82irP8-02349-00547119-00547343 harboring kla insurgents and supplying
+HqlLt82irP8-02350-00547344-00547527 them with weapons
+HqlLt82irP8-02351-00547528-00547735 greece took no active part in the nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02352-00547736-00548022 campaign and 96 of the greek population
+HqlLt82irP8-02353-00548023-00548303 was opposed to the nato bombings
+HqlLt82irP8-02354-00548304-00548503 in france a combatant the bulk of the
+HqlLt82irP8-02355-00548504-00548695 population supported the action but
+HqlLt82irP8-02356-00548696-00548895 factions on the far left and far right
+HqlLt82irP8-02357-00548896-00549127 opposed it french officials felt
+HqlLt82irP8-02358-00549128-00549335 aggrieved their traditional ally serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-02359-00549336-00549687 was subjected to military action by nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02360-00549688-00549918 slobodan milosevic the president of the
+HqlLt82irP8-02361-00549919-00550127 federal republic of yugoslavia called
+HqlLt82irP8-02362-00550128-00550311 the bombings an unlawful act of
+HqlLt82irP8-02363-00550312-00550479 terrorism and the key to colonize
+HqlLt82irP8-02364-00550480-00550622 yugoslavia
+HqlLt82irP8-02365-00550623-00550879 the yugoslav population also strongly
+HqlLt82irP8-02366-00550880-00551070 opposed the bombing and showed defiance
+HqlLt82irP8-02367-00551071-00551295 with cultural related themes
+HqlLt82irP8-02368-00551296-00551511 milosevic also stated that the only
+HqlLt82irP8-02369-00551512-00551662 correct decision that could have been
+HqlLt82irP8-02370-00551663-00551839 made was the one to reject foreign
+HqlLt82irP8-02371-00551840-00552055 troops on our territory the yugoslavs
+HqlLt82irP8-02372-00552056-00552287 who opposed milosevic also opposed the
+HqlLt82irP8-02373-00552288-00552447 bombing saying that it supports
+HqlLt82irP8-02374-00552448-00552743 milosevic rather than attacking him
+HqlLt82irP8-02375-00552744-00552927 chancellor gerhard schroeder newly
+HqlLt82irP8-02376-00552928-00553111 elected government supported the nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02377-00553112-00553335 campaign german public opinion was not
+HqlLt82irP8-02378-00553336-00553607 prepared for a prolonged campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02379-00553608-00553807 the bombing was met with mixed reactions
+HqlLt82irP8-02380-00553808-00554070 in italy following former prime minister
+HqlLt82irP8-02381-00554071-00554287 romano prodi's decision of authorizing
+HqlLt82irP8-02382-00554288-00554535 the use of italian airbases and military
+HqlLt82irP8-02383-00554536-00554759 infrastructures to the coalition forces
+HqlLt82irP8-02384-00554760-00554975 massimo de lima's centre-left government
+HqlLt82irP8-02385-00554976-00555183 authorized the country's participation
+HqlLt82irP8-02386-00555184-00555343 in the air campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02387-00555344-00555575 the bombing was also supported by silvio
+HqlLt82irP8-02388-00555576-00555735 berlusconi and the center-right
+HqlLt82irP8-02389-00555736-00555862 opposition
+HqlLt82irP8-02390-00555863-00556079 domestic opposition to the nato bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02391-00556080-00556375 campaign against serbia was strong
+HqlLt82irP8-02392-00556376-00556614 russia strongly condemned the campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02393-00556615-00556814 president boris yeltsin stated that
+HqlLt82irP8-02394-00556815-00557014 russia is deeply upset by nato's
+HqlLt82irP8-02395-00557015-00557199 military action against sovereign
+HqlLt82irP8-02396-00557200-00557399 yugoslavia which is nothing more than
+HqlLt82irP8-02397-00557400-00557622 open aggression they also condemned nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02398-00557623-00557822 at the united nations saying that nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02399-00557823-00558031 airstrikes on serbia were an illegal
+HqlLt82irP8-02400-00558032-00558231 action some russians volunteered to go
+HqlLt82irP8-02401-00558232-00558495 to kosovo not only to fight the kla but
+HqlLt82irP8-02402-00558496-00558718 also to oppose nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02403-00558719-00558895 as a contributor to the bombing the
+HqlLt82irP8-02404-00558896-00559095 united kingdom strongly supported the
+HqlLt82irP8-02405-00559096-00559295 bombing campaign as did a majority of
+HqlLt82irP8-02406-00559296-00559503 the british population
+HqlLt82irP8-02407-00559504-00559711 the polish government sanctioned nato's
+HqlLt82irP8-02408-00559712-00559887 activities but poland did not
+HqlLt82irP8-02409-00559888-00560079 participate in the operation there were
+HqlLt82irP8-02410-00560080-00560270 demonstrations in warsaw against the
+HqlLt82irP8-02411-00560271-00560407 bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02412-00560408-00560631 bulgaria allowed its airspace to be used
+HqlLt82irP8-02413-00560632-00560879 by nato aircraft for attacks
+HqlLt82irP8-02414-00560880-00561103 despite bulgaria's ambitions of joining
+HqlLt82irP8-02415-00561104-00561318 both nato and the european union the
+HqlLt82irP8-02416-00561319-00561527 leftist opposition organized street
+HqlLt82irP8-02417-00561528-00561766 protests in sofia over the nato bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02418-00561767-00561999 of yugoslavia the public was reportedly
+HqlLt82irP8-02419-00562000-00562191 deeply divided because of sympathy for
+HqlLt82irP8-02420-00562192-00562351 their fellow slavs and christian
+HqlLt82irP8-02421-00562352-00562551 orthodox serb neighbors but also a
+HqlLt82irP8-02422-00562552-00562751 desire to join the european union and
+HqlLt82irP8-02423-00562752-00562870 nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02424-00562871-00563062 several nato missiles and aircraft
+HqlLt82irP8-02425-00563063-00563791 strayed off course into bulgaria
+HqlLt82irP8-02426-00563792-00564222 oceania
+HqlLt82irP8-02427-00564223-00564462 australia supported the campaign prime
+HqlLt82irP8-02428-00564463-00564695 minister john howard stated that history
+HqlLt82irP8-02429-00564696-00564879 has told us that if you sit by and do
+HqlLt82irP8-02430-00564880-00565055 nothing you pay a much greater price
+HqlLt82irP8-02431-00565056-00565711 later on
+HqlLt82irP8-02432-00565712-00566175 united nations
+HqlLt82irP8-02433-00566176-00566399 the united nations had mixed reactions
+HqlLt82irP8-02434-00566400-00566559 to the bombing which was carried out
+HqlLt82irP8-02435-00566560-00566759 without its authorization
+HqlLt82irP8-02436-00566760-00567007 kofi annan the u.n secretary general
+HqlLt82irP8-02437-00567008-00567231 said it is indeed tragic that diplomacy
+HqlLt82irP8-02438-00567232-00567399 has failed but there are times when the
+HqlLt82irP8-02439-00567400-00567559 use of force is legitimate in the
+HqlLt82irP8-02440-00567560-00568207 pursuit of peace
+HqlLt82irP8-02441-00568208-00568439 topic military and political
+HqlLt82irP8-02442-00568440-00568903 consequences
+HqlLt82irP8-02443-00568904-00569127 the kosovo war had a number of important
+HqlLt82irP8-02444-00569128-00569343 consequences in terms of the military
+HqlLt82irP8-02445-00569344-00569518 and political outcome
+HqlLt82irP8-02446-00569519-00569783 the status of kosovo remains unresolved
+HqlLt82irP8-02447-00569784-00570095 international negotiations began in 2006
+HqlLt82irP8-02448-00570096-00570327 to determine kosovo's level of autonomy
+HqlLt82irP8-02449-00570328-00570566 as envisaged under u.n security council
+HqlLt82irP8-02450-00570567-00570895 resolution 1244 but efforts failed
+HqlLt82irP8-02451-00570896-00571070 the province is administered by the
+HqlLt82irP8-02452-00571071-00571287 united nations despite its unilateral
+HqlLt82irP8-02453-00571288-00571510 declaration of independence on february
+HqlLt82irP8-02454-00571511-00571751 17 2008.
+HqlLt82irP8-02455-00571752-00571999 the un-backed talks led by u.n special
+HqlLt82irP8-02456-00572000-00572214 envoy marty atisari had begun in
+HqlLt82irP8-02457-00572215-00572439 february 2006.
+HqlLt82irP8-02458-00572440-00572639 whilst progress was made on technical
+HqlLt82irP8-02459-00572640-00572799 matters both parties remained
+HqlLt82irP8-02460-00572800-00572999 diametrically opposed on the question of
+HqlLt82irP8-02461-00573000-00573166 status itself
+HqlLt82irP8-02462-00573167-00573462 in february 2007 atissari delivered a
+HqlLt82irP8-02463-00573463-00573662 draft status settlement proposal to
+HqlLt82irP8-02464-00573663-00573879 leaders in belgrade and priesthina the
+HqlLt82irP8-02465-00573880-00574118 basis for a draft u.n security council
+HqlLt82irP8-02466-00574119-00574391 resolution which proposes supervised
+HqlLt82irP8-02467-00574392-00574647 independence for the province which is
+HqlLt82irP8-02468-00574648-00574870 in contrary to un security council
+HqlLt82irP8-02469-00574871-00575103 resolution 1244.
+HqlLt82irP8-02470-00575104-00575414 by july 2007 the draft resolution which
+HqlLt82irP8-02471-00575415-00575639 was backed by the united states united
+HqlLt82irP8-02472-00575640-00575822 kingdom and other european members of
+HqlLt82irP8-02473-00575823-00576031 the security council had been rewritten
+HqlLt82irP8-02474-00576032-00576247 four times to try to accommodate russian
+HqlLt82irP8-02475-00576248-00576431 concerns that such a resolution would
+HqlLt82irP8-02476-00576432-00576583 undermine the principle of state
+HqlLt82irP8-02477-00576584-00576710 sovereignty
+HqlLt82irP8-02478-00576711-00576887 russia which holds a veto in the
+HqlLt82irP8-02479-00576888-00577070 security council as one of five
+HqlLt82irP8-02480-00577071-00577247 permanent members stated that it would
+HqlLt82irP8-02481-00577248-00577462 not support any resolution which is not
+HqlLt82irP8-02482-00577463-00577631 acceptable to both belgrade and
+HqlLt82irP8-02483-00577632-00577822 prishtina the campaign exposed
+HqlLt82irP8-02484-00577823-00578014 significant weaknesses in the u.s
+HqlLt82irP8-02485-00578015-00578183 arsenal which were later addressed for
+HqlLt82irP8-02486-00578184-00578462 the afghanistan and iraq campaigns
+HqlLt82irP8-02487-00578463-00578791 apache attack helicopters and ac-130
+HqlLt82irP8-02488-00578792-00578966 spectre gunships were brought up to the
+HqlLt82irP8-02489-00578967-00579159 front lines but were never used after
+HqlLt82irP8-02490-00579160-00579351 two apaches crashed during training in
+HqlLt82irP8-02491-00579352-00579551 the albanian mountains
+HqlLt82irP8-02492-00579552-00579743 stocks of many precision missiles were
+HqlLt82irP8-02493-00579744-00579975 reduced to critically low levels for
+HqlLt82irP8-02494-00579976-00580222 combat aircraft continuous operations
+HqlLt82irP8-02495-00580223-00580375 resulted in skipped maintenance
+HqlLt82irP8-02496-00580376-00580543 schedules and many aircraft were
+HqlLt82irP8-02497-00580544-00580735 withdrawn from service awaiting spare
+HqlLt82irP8-02498-00580736-00580910 parts and service
+HqlLt82irP8-02499-00580911-00581103 also many of the precision-guided
+HqlLt82irP8-02500-00581104-00581279 weapons proved unable to cope with
+HqlLt82irP8-02501-00581280-00581470 balkan weather as the clouds blocked the
+HqlLt82irP8-02502-00581471-00581662 laser guidance beams
+HqlLt82irP8-02503-00581663-00581879 this was resolved by retrofitting bombs
+HqlLt82irP8-02504-00581880-00582103 with global positioning system satellite
+HqlLt82irP8-02505-00582104-00582303 guidance devices that are immune to bad
+HqlLt82irP8-02506-00582304-00582407 weather
+HqlLt82irP8-02507-00582408-00582614 although pilotless surveillance aircraft
+HqlLt82irP8-02508-00582615-00582822 were extensively used often attack
+HqlLt82irP8-02509-00582823-00582983 aircraft could not be brought to the
+HqlLt82irP8-02510-00582984-00583159 scene quickly enough to hit targets of
+HqlLt82irP8-02511-00583160-00583303 opportunity
+HqlLt82irP8-02512-00583304-00583470 this led missiles being fitted to
+HqlLt82irP8-02513-00583471-00583703 predator drones in afghanistan reducing
+HqlLt82irP8-02514-00583704-00583927 the sensor to shooter
+HqlLt82irP8-02515-00583928-00584175 time to virtually zero
+HqlLt82irP8-02516-00584176-00584399 kosovo also showed that some low-tech
+HqlLt82irP8-02517-00584400-00584583 tactics could reduce the impact of a
+HqlLt82irP8-02518-00584584-00584775 high-tech force such as nato the
+HqlLt82irP8-02519-00584776-00584975 milosevic government cooperated with
+HqlLt82irP8-02520-00584976-00585175 saddam hussein's bhattathas regime in
+HqlLt82irP8-02521-00585176-00585366 iraq passing on many of the lessons
+HqlLt82irP8-02522-00585367-00585470 learned
+HqlLt82irP8-02523-00585471-00585703 the yugoslav army had long expected to
+HqlLt82irP8-02524-00585704-00585895 need to resist a much stronger enemy
+HqlLt82irP8-02525-00585896-00586103 either soviet or nato during the cold
+HqlLt82irP8-02526-00586104-00586295 war and had developed effective tactics
+HqlLt82irP8-02527-00586296-00586591 of deception and concealment in response
+HqlLt82irP8-02528-00586592-00586743 these would have been unlikely to have
+HqlLt82irP8-02529-00586744-00586966 resisted a full-scale invasion for long
+HqlLt82irP8-02530-00586967-00587135 but were probably used to mislead
+HqlLt82irP8-02531-00587136-00587399 overflying aircraft and satellites
+HqlLt82irP8-02532-00587400-00587631 among the tactics used were
+HqlLt82irP8-02533-00587632-00587839 u.s stealth aeroplanes were tracked with
+HqlLt82irP8-02534-00587840-00588127 radars operating on long wavelengths
+HqlLt82irP8-02535-00588128-00588335 if stealth jets got wet or opened their
+HqlLt82irP8-02536-00588336-00588535 bombay doors they would become visible
+HqlLt82irP8-02537-00588536-00588710 on the radar screens
+HqlLt82irP8-02538-00588711-00589022 an f-117 nighthawk downed by a missile
+HqlLt82irP8-02539-00589023-00589295 was possibly spotted in this way
+HqlLt82irP8-02540-00589296-00589510 dummy targets such as fake bridges
+HqlLt82irP8-02541-00589511-00589743 airfields and decoy aeroplanes and tanks
+HqlLt82irP8-02542-00589744-00589935 were used extensively
+HqlLt82irP8-02543-00589936-00590175 tanks were made using old tires plastic
+HqlLt82irP8-02544-00590176-00590414 sheeting and logs and sand cans and fuel
+HqlLt82irP8-02545-00590415-00590655 set a light to mimic heat emissions
+HqlLt82irP8-02546-00590656-00590862 they fooled nato pilots into bombing
+HqlLt82irP8-02547-00590863-00591070 hundreds of such decoys though general
+HqlLt82irP8-02548-00591071-00591295 clark's survey found that in operation
+HqlLt82irP8-02549-00591296-00591566 allied force nato airman hit just 25
+HqlLt82irP8-02550-00591567-00591822 decoys an insignificant percentage of
+HqlLt82irP8-02551-00591823-00592135 the 974 validated hits
+HqlLt82irP8-02552-00592136-00592327 nato sources claimed that this was due
+HqlLt82irP8-02553-00592328-00592551 to operating procedures which obliged
+HqlLt82irP8-02554-00592552-00592766 troops in this case aircraft to engage
+HqlLt82irP8-02555-00592767-00592983 any and all targets however unlikely
+HqlLt82irP8-02556-00592984-00593110 they may be
+HqlLt82irP8-02557-00593111-00593303 the targets needed only to look real to
+HqlLt82irP8-02558-00593304-00593503 be shot at if detected
+HqlLt82irP8-02559-00593504-00593735 nato claimed that yugoslav air force had
+HqlLt82irP8-02560-00593736-00593966 been devastated official data showed
+HqlLt82irP8-02561-00593967-00594310 that the yugoslav army in kosovo lost 26
+HqlLt82irP8-02562-00594311-00594727 of its tanks 34 of its apcs and 47 of
+HqlLt82irP8-02563-00594728-00595527 the artillery to the air campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02564-00595528-00596047 military decorations
+HqlLt82irP8-02565-00596048-00596270 as a result of the kosovo war the north
+HqlLt82irP8-02566-00596271-00596503 atlantic treaty organization created a
+HqlLt82irP8-02567-00596504-00596718 second nato medal the nato medal for
+HqlLt82irP8-02568-00596719-00596903 kosovo service and international
+HqlLt82irP8-02569-00596904-00597103 military decoration
+HqlLt82irP8-02570-00597104-00597310 shortly thereafter nato created the
+HqlLt82irP8-02571-00597311-00597551 non-article 5 medal for balkan service
+HqlLt82irP8-02572-00597552-00597807 to combine both yugoslavian and kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02573-00597808-00598039 operations into one service medal due to
+HqlLt82irP8-02574-00598040-00598214 the involvement of the united states
+HqlLt82irP8-02575-00598215-00598462 armed forces a separate u.s military
+HqlLt82irP8-02576-00598463-00598687 decoration known as the kosovo campaign
+HqlLt82irP8-02577-00598688-00598895 medal was established by president bill
+HqlLt82irP8-02578-00598896-00599110 clinton in 2000.
+HqlLt82irP8-02579-00599111-00599375 the kosovo campaign medal kcm is a
+HqlLt82irP8-02580-00599376-00599575 military award of the united states
+HqlLt82irP8-02581-00599576-00599791 armed forces established by executive
+HqlLt82irP8-02582-00599792-00599931 order
+HqlLt82irP8-02583-00599932-00600231 13154 of president bill clinton on may 3
+HqlLt82irP8-02584-00600232-00600359 2000.
+HqlLt82irP8-02585-00600360-00600583 the medal recognizes military service
+HqlLt82irP8-02586-00600584-00600943 performed in kosovo from march 24 1999
+HqlLt82irP8-02587-00600944-00601783 through december 31 2013
+HqlLt82irP8-02588-00601784-00602327 weaponry and vehicles used
+HqlLt82irP8-02589-00602328-00602527 a variety of weapons were used by the
+HqlLt82irP8-02590-00602528-00602783 yugoslav security forces and the kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02591-00602784-00603022 liberation army nato only operated
+HqlLt82irP8-02592-00603023-00603207 aircraft and naval units during the
+HqlLt82irP8-02593-00603208-00603366 conflict
+HqlLt82irP8-02594-00603367-00603614 yugoslav security forcesth weapons used
+HqlLt82irP8-02595-00603615-00603814 by yugoslav government were mostly
+HqlLt82irP8-02596-00603815-00604022 yugoslav made while almost all of their
+HqlLt82irP8-02597-00604023-00604295 double-a units were soviet-made
+HqlLt82irP8-02598-00604296-00604535 kosovo liberation armaid weapons used by
+HqlLt82irP8-02599-00604536-00604766 the kosovo liberation army were mostly
+HqlLt82irP8-02600-00604767-00604966 soviet kalashnikovs and chinese
+HqlLt82irP8-02601-00604967-00605191 derivatives of the ak-47 and some
+HqlLt82irP8-02602-00605192-00605470 western weaponry
+HqlLt82irP8-02603-00605471-00606055 nato
+HqlLt82irP8-02604-00606056-00606510 see also
+HqlLt82irP8-02605-00606511-00606751 organ theft in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02606-00606752-00606966 operation horseshoe
+HqlLt82irP8-02607-00606967-00607262 state security service serbia
+HqlLt82irP8-02608-00607263-00607551 insurgency in the priscevo valley
+HqlLt82irP8-02609-00607552-00607895 insurgency in the republic of macedonia
+HqlLt82irP8-02610-00607896-00608207 2004 unrest in kosovo
+HqlLt82irP8-02611-00608208-00608943 albania yugoslav border incident
+HqlLt82irP8-02612-00608944-00609375 gallery
+HqlLt82irP8-02613-00609376-00609763 equals equals footnotes
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00000-00000165-00000958 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00001-00000959-00001702 hmm
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00002-00001703-00002395 [Laughter]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00003-00002396-00002599 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00004-00002600-00002883 ding
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00005-00002884-00003674 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00006-00003675-00003946 [Applause]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00007-00003947-00004206 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00009-00007215-00007420 hmm
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00010-00007420-00009527 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00011-00009528-00009730 oh
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00012-00009731-00011487 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00013-00011488-00012155 okay
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00014-00012156-00013487 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00015-00013488-00014527 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00016-00014528-00014856 um
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00017-00014857-00015365 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00018-00015366-00016471 [Laughter]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00019-00016472-00016607 oh
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00020-00016608-00016914 no no no no oh
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00021-00016915-00017505 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00022-00017506-00018038 [Laughter]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00023-00018039-00018703 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00024-00018704-00019566 foreign
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00025-00019567-00020239 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00026-00020240-00020614 hmm
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00027-00020615-00023221 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00028-00023222-00023346 [Applause]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00029-00023347-00023455 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00030-00023456-00024154 um
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00031-00024155-00024719 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00032-00024720-00025237 mind
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00033-00025238-00025854 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00034-00025855-00026718 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00035-00026719-00027019 my
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00037-00034960-00035285 so
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00038-00035286-00035583 [Music]
+HqG6KP7zhsu-00039-00035584-00035791 you
+HtIYmnQ225c-00000-00000071-00001420 so
+HtIYmnQ225c-00001-00001421-00001813 uh Nepali typing
+HtIYmnQ225c-00002-00001814-00002341 how to write how to write
+HtIYmnQ225c-00003-00002342-00002583 Nepali Nepali
+HtIYmnQ225c-00004-00002584-00002831 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00005-00002832-00005261 foreign
+HtIYmnQ225c-00006-00005262-00005741 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00007-00005742-00006227 to write
+HtIYmnQ225c-00008-00006228-00006481 write Nepali
+HtIYmnQ225c-00009-00006481-00007067 so somebody
+HtIYmnQ225c-00010-00007068-00007834 uh translate right Google translated
+HtIYmnQ225c-00011-00007836-00008059 Google translate
+HtIYmnQ225c-00012-00008059-00008824 you translate
+HtIYmnQ225c-00013-00008825-00009269 step one more negotiate step one four uh
+HtIYmnQ225c-00014-00009270-00009653 translate they translate trans
+HtIYmnQ225c-00015-00009654-00010067 uh late Google right Google Translate
+HtIYmnQ225c-00016-00010068-00010164 Google
+HtIYmnQ225c-00017-00010165-00010849 step one step one month
+HtIYmnQ225c-00018-00010850-00011191 open Gmail
+HtIYmnQ225c-00019-00011192-00011610 Gmail
+HtIYmnQ225c-00020-00011611-00012499 type open variously
+HtIYmnQ225c-00021-00012500-00012905 all right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00022-00012906-00013216 in a Roman
+HtIYmnQ225c-00023-00013218-00013465 right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00024-00013466-00013666 and then
+HtIYmnQ225c-00025-00013668-00013835 it will
+HtIYmnQ225c-00026-00013836-00014033 it will
+HtIYmnQ225c-00027-00014034-00014380 translate hey Trench
+HtIYmnQ225c-00028-00014381-00014761 lit translate automatically right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00029-00014762-00014935 automatically
+HtIYmnQ225c-00030-00014936-00015191 automatically translated so for example
+HtIYmnQ225c-00031-00015191-00015455 about you still want my Amazon so when
+HtIYmnQ225c-00032-00015456-00015583 the first name
+HtIYmnQ225c-00033-00015584-00015901 is
+HtIYmnQ225c-00034-00015902-00016930 gmail.com right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00035-00016931-00019643 foreign
+HtIYmnQ225c-00036-00019644-00020050 right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00037-00020051-00020458 and then after choose translate I then
+HtIYmnQ225c-00038-00020459-00020629 after third Market
+HtIYmnQ225c-00039-00020630-00021317 choose translate choose
+HtIYmnQ225c-00040-00021318-00022414 choose uh Translate
+HtIYmnQ225c-00041-00022415-00024096 um
+HtIYmnQ225c-00042-00024097-00024964 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00043-00024965-00027247 foreign
+HtIYmnQ225c-00044-00027248-00028061 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00045-00028062-00028217 middle
+HtIYmnQ225c-00046-00028218-00028705 uh it's not coming right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00047-00028706-00030761 now foreign
+HtIYmnQ225c-00048-00030762-00031314 foreign
+HtIYmnQ225c-00049-00031316-00031720 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00050-00031722-00033535 foreign
+HtIYmnQ225c-00051-00033536-00034651 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00052-00034652-00034840 ma
+HtIYmnQ225c-00053-00034841-00035179 um online
+HtIYmnQ225c-00054-00035180-00035452 a lot in
+HtIYmnQ225c-00055-00035453-00035609 online
+HtIYmnQ225c-00056-00035610-00035890 marketing
+HtIYmnQ225c-00057-00035891-00036424 marketing
+HtIYmnQ225c-00058-00036425-00036655 your tablet
+HtIYmnQ225c-00059-00036656-00037811 so is easy
+HtIYmnQ225c-00060-00037812-00037981 right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00061-00037982-00038245 uh this
+HtIYmnQ225c-00062-00038246-00038824 is very easy right very easy options you
+HtIYmnQ225c-00063-00038825-00041521 can use it right easy
+HtIYmnQ225c-00064-00041522-00041993 I know okay right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00065-00041994-00042173 bus two
+HtIYmnQ225c-00066-00042174-00042540 is ready
+HtIYmnQ225c-00067-00042541-00043379 you can copy it is
+HtIYmnQ225c-00068-00043380-00043777 your
+HtIYmnQ225c-00069-00043778-00044093 writing is
+HtIYmnQ225c-00070-00044094-00044362 ready ready
+HtIYmnQ225c-00071-00044363-00044518 now
+HtIYmnQ225c-00072-00044519-00044699 copy
+HtIYmnQ225c-00073-00044700-00044879 and
+HtIYmnQ225c-00074-00044880-00045101 best
+HtIYmnQ225c-00075-00045102-00045299 where
+HtIYmnQ225c-00076-00045300-00045461 you
+HtIYmnQ225c-00077-00045462-00045733 want to Beijing
+HtIYmnQ225c-00078-00045734-00046151 you get copy and pastors for example uh
+HtIYmnQ225c-00079-00046152-00046807 example suppose you must
+HtIYmnQ225c-00080-00046808-00047629 says
+HtIYmnQ225c-00081-00047630-00048258 you you use it
+HtIYmnQ225c-00082-00048259-00048985 uh suppose
+HtIYmnQ225c-00083-00048986-00049157 uh
+HtIYmnQ225c-00084-00049158-00049618 diary and for example this is my private
+HtIYmnQ225c-00085-00049619-00050039 group either
+HtIYmnQ225c-00086-00050040-00050279 so
+HtIYmnQ225c-00087-00050280-00050999 um
+HtIYmnQ225c-00088-00051000-00051244 so
+HtIYmnQ225c-00089-00051245-00051844 your volume and it is yeah
+HtIYmnQ225c-00090-00051845-00052116 a book
+HtIYmnQ225c-00091-00052117-00052337 you know
+HtIYmnQ225c-00092-00052338-00052835 simply write the maintenance closer
+HtIYmnQ225c-00093-00052836-00054076 very badly oh okay yeah
+HtIYmnQ225c-00094-00054077-00054592 uh
+HtIYmnQ225c-00095-00054594-00055038 second
+HtIYmnQ225c-00096-00055039-00055516 ways to write
+HtIYmnQ225c-00097-00055517-00057411 foreign
+HtIYmnQ225c-00098-00057412-00058553 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00099-00058554-00058829 code
+HtIYmnQ225c-00100-00058829-00059369 [Music]
+HtIYmnQ225c-00101-00059370-00059688 right so
+HtIYmnQ225c-00102-00059689-00060263 Nepali Unicode all right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00103-00060264-00060437 Nepali
+HtIYmnQ225c-00104-00060438-00060611 unique
+HtIYmnQ225c-00105-00060612-00060988 code
+HtIYmnQ225c-00106-00060989-00061438 this person open it The Slice It Up full
+HtIYmnQ225c-00107-00061439-00061630 nose
+HtIYmnQ225c-00108-00061632-00062788 suppose
+HtIYmnQ225c-00109-00062789-00063150 mirror
+HtIYmnQ225c-00110-00063151-00063497 mirror Nam
+HtIYmnQ225c-00111-00063498-00063761 ah
+HtIYmnQ225c-00112-00063762-00064037 oh
+HtIYmnQ225c-00113-00064038-00064144 right
+HtIYmnQ225c-00114-00064145-00064541 Ma
+HtIYmnQ225c-00115-00064541-00064799 business
+HtIYmnQ225c-00116-00064800-00065380 for the true
+HtIYmnQ225c-00117-00065382-00065938 um
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+HtIYmnQ225c-00119-00066216-00066899 online
+HtIYmnQ225c-00120-00066900-00067463 yes
+HtIYmnQ225c-00121-00067464-00068093 should take
+HtIYmnQ225c-00122-00068094-00068603 mahato
+HtIYmnQ225c-00123-00068604-00069179 all right very simple
+HtIYmnQ225c-00124-00069180-00069623 these symbols right so uh type in Nepali
+HtIYmnQ225c-00125-00069624-00069749 Unicode
+HtIYmnQ225c-00126-00069750-00069899 and
+HtIYmnQ225c-00127-00069900-00070091 start to
+HtIYmnQ225c-00128-00070092-00070253 write
+HtIYmnQ225c-00129-00070254-00070805 okay
+HtIYmnQ225c-00130-00070806-00070979 and
+HtIYmnQ225c-00131-00070980-00071147 yo
+HtIYmnQ225c-00132-00071148-00071381 why you
+HtIYmnQ225c-00133-00071382-00071621 typing is
+HtIYmnQ225c-00134-00071622-00072167 ready ready wire and then copy
+HtIYmnQ225c-00135-00072168-00072359 copy and
+HtIYmnQ225c-00136-00072360-00072826 test simple all right so copy and paste
+HtIYmnQ225c-00137-00072827-00073019 adhesive
+HtIYmnQ225c-00138-00073020-00073282 so that's all thank you so much I've
+HtIYmnQ225c-00139-00073283-00073681 been with me so as a question
+HtIYmnQ225c-00140-00073682-00073949 thank you so much
+HtIYmnQ225c-00141-00073950-00074249 so
+HtIYmnQ225c-00142-00074250-00074635 uh
+HtIYmnQ225c-00143-00074636-00075020 see you in the next series thank you
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00000-00000035-00000356 Kawara dairy company is a Canadian
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00001-00000357-00000644 family owned and operated dairy based in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00002-00000645-00000904 Bobcaygeon Ontario in the City of
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00003-00000905-00001262 Kawartha Lakes the company was founded
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00004-00001263-00001701 in 1937 and it remains family-owned
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00005-00001702-00002059 koala dairy produces a line of milk and
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00006-00002060-00002270 cream products which are sold both
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00007-00002271-00002566 wholesale and in its own retail stores
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00008-00002567-00002897 while koala dairy milk and cream are
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00009-00002898-00003179 available primarily in its home area of
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00010-00003180-00003470 central Ontario it's well known brand of
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00011-00003471-00003656 ice cream can be found throughout
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00012-00003657-00004094 Ontario the company also operates ten of
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00013-00004095-00004855 its own retail stores in the province
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00014-00004856-00005741 topic history in 1937 Jack and Ella crow
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00015-00005742-00006041 bought a small dairy in Bobcaygeon after
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00016-00006042-00006299 Jack enjoyed his experience working at
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00017-00006300-00006548 the now-defunct osawa dairy and began
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00018-00006548-00006911 producing and selling milk products they
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00019-00006912-00007118 initially used ice from the nearby
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00020-00007119-00007367 pigeon lake to keep their products in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00021-00007368-00007730 cold storage they increased the size of
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00022-00007731-00008078 the operation in 1942 by buying the
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00023-00008079-00008402 other dairies in the town they stored
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00024-00008403-00008618 their products in eighty pound steel
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00025-00008619-00008813 containers and deliver them to the
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00026-00008814-00009104 surrounding area by wagon or boat in the
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00027-00009105-00009341 summer and by sleigh in the winter in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00028-00009342-00009764 the mid-1950s crow attended courses at
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00029-00009765-00009977 the university of guelph where he
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00030-00009978-00010181 learned how to make ice cream which
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00031-00010182-00010418 would soon be added to koala dairies
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00032-00010419-00010658 line of products and become one of their
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00033-00010659-00011129 signature items in the early 1960s the
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00034-00011130-00011363 company expanded to Minden where it
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00035-00011364-00011849 opened a retail store in 2008 there were
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00036-00011850-00012134 five koala dairy retail stores in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00037-00012135-00012521 central Ontario in 2010 the company
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00038-00012522-00012806 received approximately six hundred and
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00039-00012807-00013046 twenty thousand dollars in funding from
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00040-00013047-00013328 the province of Ontario's rural economic
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00041-00013329-00013586 development program to facilitate the
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00042-00013587-00013838 expansion and updating of their plant in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00043-00013838-00014119 Bobcaygeon including the creation of ten
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00044-00014120-00014479 new jobs and updated production systems
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00045-00014480-00014750 additional provincial funding of three
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00046-00014751-00014944 hundred and eleven thousand two hundred
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00047-00014945-00015293 dollars was also secured in August 2017
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00048-00015294-00015550 to help with the expansion of their
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00049-00015551-00015836 refrigeration and storage facilities the
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00050-00015837-00016106 company's largest such expansion in its
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00051-00016107-00016487 70 year history by 2012 the company was
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00052-00016488-00016775 operating a tree tail stores in Ontario
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00053-00016776-00017140 in addition to its wholesale business
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00054-00017141-00017474 2016 saw the opening of a ninth store in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00055-00017475-00017825 Orillia and by May 2018 a tenth store
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00056-00017826-00018032 was opened in Newmarket
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00057-00018033-00018464 the company employs 145 staff in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00058-00018465-00018779 addition to around 100 extra employees
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00059-00018780-00019057 when demand increases in the summer in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00060-00019058-00019430 2013 koala dairy launched an expansion
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00061-00019431-00019643 into urban grocery stores throughout
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00062-00019644-00020044 Ontario the company capitalized on its
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00063-00020045-00020300 association with cottage country by
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00064-00020301-00020533 including images of rural Ontario
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00065-00020534-00021002 landscapes on its packaging in 2015
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00066-00021003-00021278 the redesign was awarded Best in Show at
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00067-00021279-00022010 the pack Global Leadership Awards
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00068-00022011-00022752 topic products some of koala dairies
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00069-00022753-00023010 most popular products include it's ice
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00070-00023011-00023286 cream chocolate milk and eggnog which
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00071-00023287-00023487 are sold in the company's own retail
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00072-00023488-00023747 stores and distributed in third-party
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00073-00023748-00024138 retailers across Ontario the company
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00074-00024139-00024393 makes a point of using fresh Ontario
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00075-00024394-00024660 milk and cream exclusively in its ice
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00076-00024661-00024872 cream and they source the majority of
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00077-00024873-00025205 their milk from the Bobcaygeon area in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00078-00025206-00025614 February 2018 koala dairy collaborated
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00079-00025614-00025830 with Ontario Brewer Muskoka of
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00080-00025831-00026069 Bracebridge on a limited-edition beer
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00081-00026070-00026283 based on the former's salty caramel
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00082-00026283-00026537 truffle ice cream flavor which was
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00083-00026538-00026760 brewed in a box style and contained
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00084-00026761-00027045 caramel and milk chocolate flavors in
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00085-00027045-00027287 the summer of 2018
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00086-00027288-00027552 the company began offering edible candy
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00087-00027552-00027815 spoons as a way to reduce waste and
+Hw6qWTrbufM-00088-00027816-00028172 benefit the environment
+H-GLqhfATSu-00000-00001391-00002431 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00001-00002432-00002865 jordy it's time to get off the watch
+H-GLqhfATSu-00002-00002866-00005580 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00003-00005581-00006325 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00004-00006326-00007570 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00005-00007572-00008495 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00006-00008496-00008646 to the aboriginal and torres strait
+H-GLqhfATSu-00007-00008647-00009141 islander men and women
+H-GLqhfATSu-00008-00009142-00009153 [Applause]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00009-00009154-00010269 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00010-00010270-00011157 [Applause]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00011-00011158-00012438 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00012-00012439-00013172 zero
+H-GLqhfATSu-00013-00013174-00013777 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00014-00013778-00014305 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00015-00014306-00014844 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00016-00014846-00015879 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00017-00015880-00017235 so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00018-00017236-00017871 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00019-00017872-00018931 four twenty
+H-GLqhfATSu-00020-00018932-00019671 [Music]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00021-00019672-00019847 good morning team it's uh great to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-00022-00019848-00020103 with you here on day three it feels like
+H-GLqhfATSu-00023-00020104-00020271 about day ten
+H-GLqhfATSu-00024-00020272-00020471 of what has been a frenetic couple of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00025-00020472-00020567 days
+H-GLqhfATSu-00026-00020568-00020758 and i'd certainly like to uh have a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00027-00020759-00020983 shout out to all our of our visiting
+H-GLqhfATSu-00028-00020984-00021150 international
+H-GLqhfATSu-00029-00021151-00021255 friends
+H-GLqhfATSu-00030-00021256-00021519 it's wonderful to have you with us
+H-GLqhfATSu-00031-00021520-00021727 not just to show you really cool videos
+H-GLqhfATSu-00032-00021728-00021886 about our navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00033-00021887-00022094 but also to draw upon your great
+H-GLqhfATSu-00034-00022095-00022222 experience
+H-GLqhfATSu-00035-00022223-00022414 as our friends partners and allies in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00036-00022415-00022550 this region
+H-GLqhfATSu-00037-00022551-00022703 we're all here for a commonality of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00038-00022704-00022878 purpose you know the theme
+H-GLqhfATSu-00039-00022879-00023222 of sea power 2022 very very well
+H-GLqhfATSu-00040-00023223-00023486 and you all know me well enough to know
+H-GLqhfATSu-00041-00023487-00023575 that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00042-00023576-00023855 while i think our submarines our planes
+H-GLqhfATSu-00043-00023856-00024142 and our ships are really really cool
+H-GLqhfATSu-00044-00024143-00024342 the thing that matters to me the most is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00045-00024343-00024503 you guys
+H-GLqhfATSu-00046-00024504-00024791 this is your navy you are our capability
+H-GLqhfATSu-00047-00024792-00024958 and getting you together today for this
+H-GLqhfATSu-00048-00024959-00025103 sailors forum
+H-GLqhfATSu-00049-00025104-00025350 is is absolutely
+H-GLqhfATSu-00050-00025351-00025455 about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00051-00025456-00025639 sharing ideas
+H-GLqhfATSu-00052-00025639-00025790 listening
+H-GLqhfATSu-00053-00025791-00025999 and implementing
+H-GLqhfATSu-00054-00026000-00026262 what you want from your navy as we move
+H-GLqhfATSu-00055-00026263-00026407 forward
+H-GLqhfATSu-00056-00026408-00026683 we're on the precipice of a very
+H-GLqhfATSu-00057-00026683-00026846 important
+H-GLqhfATSu-00058-00026847-00027143 time in our navy as we grow from being
+H-GLqhfATSu-00059-00027144-00027223 a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00060-00027224-00027518 a small to medium-sized power to a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00061-00027519-00027702 an internationally recognized
+H-GLqhfATSu-00062-00027704-00027902 medium-sized navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00063-00027904-00028070 we know that we've got cutting-edge
+H-GLqhfATSu-00064-00028072-00028207 technology we've got some of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00065-00028208-00028407 greatest capabilities
+H-GLqhfATSu-00066-00028408-00028574 in the world and they are the greatest
+H-GLqhfATSu-00067-00028575-00028807 capabilities in the world because of you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00068-00028808-00029062 you bring them to life you operate them
+H-GLqhfATSu-00069-00029063-00029335 and if we if we need to fight them
+H-GLqhfATSu-00070-00029336-00029655 you will be the ones that take us to see
+H-GLqhfATSu-00071-00029656-00029807 and fight and win
+H-GLqhfATSu-00072-00029808-00029918 so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00073-00029919-00030318 i i really really am delighted to have
+H-GLqhfATSu-00074-00030319-00030599 so many of our senior sailors our junior
+H-GLqhfATSu-00075-00030600-00030702 sailors
+H-GLqhfATSu-00076-00030703-00030902 and our future sailors
+H-GLqhfATSu-00077-00030903-00031231 involved in sea power 2022
+H-GLqhfATSu-00078-00031232-00031527 please get involved don't hold back
+H-GLqhfATSu-00079-00031527-00031799 bring forward your thoughts
+H-GLqhfATSu-00080-00031800-00031999 because there's no such thing as a silly
+H-GLqhfATSu-00081-00032000-00032199 question or a bad idea
+H-GLqhfATSu-00082-00032200-00032446 and i i'm really really delighted to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-00083-00032447-00032574 your chief
+H-GLqhfATSu-00084-00032575-00032790 um the sad thing is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00085-00032791-00033351 i'll go soon
+H-GLqhfATSu-00086-00033352-00033615 and have to leave you to um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00087-00033616-00033790 move forward
+H-GLqhfATSu-00088-00033791-00034095 but be in no doubt
+H-GLqhfATSu-00089-00034096-00034295 that i'm very very proud
+H-GLqhfATSu-00090-00034296-00034439 of what we've achieved as a navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00091-00034440-00034599 together
+H-GLqhfATSu-00092-00034600-00034774 over many years and i've had the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00093-00034775-00035039 privilege to serve at sea and ashore
+H-GLqhfATSu-00094-00035040-00035367 with many of you and i do leave very
+H-GLqhfATSu-00095-00035368-00035623 proudly in july knowing that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00096-00035624-00035959 our navy both now and into the future is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00097-00035960-00036159 in great hands
+H-GLqhfATSu-00098-00036160-00036383 i guess if i am to say that the sailors
+H-GLqhfATSu-00099-00036384-00036615 forum is officially open it's open but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00100-00036616-00036830 as far as i'm concerned it was open on
+H-GLqhfATSu-00101-00036831-00037015 on monday morning when many of us bumped
+H-GLqhfATSu-00102-00037016-00037215 in and started talking with our original
+H-GLqhfATSu-00103-00037216-00037383 friends and partners
+H-GLqhfATSu-00104-00037384-00037574 well done keep up the great work and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00105-00037575-00037751 it's been a pleasure to serve with each
+H-GLqhfATSu-00106-00037752-00038879 and every one of you thank you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00107-00038880-00039095 so thank you for those kind words and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00108-00039096-00039295 just want to pause for a moment and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00109-00039296-00039511 thank you for your service to our navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00110-00039512-00039743 on behalf of all our workforce enlisted
+H-GLqhfATSu-00111-00039744-00039999 and officers um i've worked alongside
+H-GLqhfATSu-00112-00040000-00040118 you for the last two and a half years
+H-GLqhfATSu-00113-00040119-00040262 been the most proudest moments of my
+H-GLqhfATSu-00114-00040263-00040487 life so um thank you for your service
+H-GLqhfATSu-00115-00040488-00040655 and you've left the navy in a ship shape
+H-GLqhfATSu-00116-00040656-00040767 but you've got a couple more things to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00117-00040768-00040990 do before you go
+H-GLqhfATSu-00118-00040991-00041143 all right um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00119-00041144-00041230 i'd
+H-GLqhfATSu-00120-00041231-00041390 personally like to welcome you in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00121-00041391-00041574 friendship and partnership but i'd like
+H-GLqhfATSu-00122-00041575-00041743 to also acknowledge the digital owners
+H-GLqhfATSu-00123-00041744-00041895 of the land in which we meet today the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00124-00041896-00042190 galligal people and in the aurora nation
+H-GLqhfATSu-00125-00042191-00042415 we recognize our first nations people
+H-GLqhfATSu-00126-00042416-00042590 their continued connections to lands and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00127-00042591-00042815 waters and we pray our respect to the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00128-00042816-00043039 elders past present and emerging and we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00129-00043040-00043183 thank veterans that have served or
+H-GLqhfATSu-00130-00043184-00043399 continue to serve from indigenous
+H-GLqhfATSu-00131-00043400-00043511 heritage
+H-GLqhfATSu-00132-00043512-00043671 secondly i'd just like to draw
+H-GLqhfATSu-00133-00043672-00043815 everyone's attention
+H-GLqhfATSu-00134-00043816-00044023 the australian team to my my
+H-GLqhfATSu-00135-00044024-00044190 international counterparts i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-00136-00044191-00044502 absolutely humbled to host on behalf of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00137-00044503-00044639 the chief of navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00138-00044640-00044918 26 nations and in no particular order
+H-GLqhfATSu-00139-00044919-00045111 except it's alphabetical i'd just like
+H-GLqhfATSu-00140-00045112-00045407 to thank these countries brunei canada
+H-GLqhfATSu-00141-00045408-00045502 chile
+H-GLqhfATSu-00142-00045503-00045895 fiji france india indonesia italy japan
+H-GLqhfATSu-00143-00045896-00046199 jordan malaysia maldives netherlands new
+H-GLqhfATSu-00144-00046200-00046471 zealand peru philippines the royal
+H-GLqhfATSu-00145-00046472-00046743 marines from the uk the royal navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00146-00046744-00047046 singapore sri lanka sweden tanzania
+H-GLqhfATSu-00147-00047047-00047343 thailand uae from the usa we have pac
+H-GLqhfATSu-00148-00047344-00047599 fleet and the u.s coast guard i'd like
+H-GLqhfATSu-00149-00047600-00047751 to thank those gentlemen for coming all
+H-GLqhfATSu-00150-00047752-00047846 this way
+H-GLqhfATSu-00151-00047847-00048039 i'm absolutely honoured to share
+H-GLqhfATSu-00152-00048040-00048255 experiences with you and i look forward
+H-GLqhfATSu-00153-00048256-00048462 to our conference tomorrow
+H-GLqhfATSu-00154-00048463-00049351 for those that aren't
+H-GLqhfATSu-00155-00049352-00049551 i started by saying that i welcome in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00156-00049552-00049686 friendship and partnership and that's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00157-00049687-00049911 absolutely what we're here to do
+H-GLqhfATSu-00158-00049912-00050046 the last two years it's been quite
+H-GLqhfATSu-00159-00050047-00050286 difficult to get out and and into the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00160-00050287-00050518 region and all of you in the room have
+H-GLqhfATSu-00161-00050519-00050679 been out doing not what we call
+H-GLqhfATSu-00162-00050680-00050855 contactless deployments
+H-GLqhfATSu-00163-00050856-00051007 erunta was our first ship we got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00164-00051008-00051230 alongside in a traditional port visit
+H-GLqhfATSu-00165-00051232-00051399 outside the covered restrictions and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00166-00051400-00051614 thank india who's here for the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00167-00051615-00051838 hospitality you gave that team and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00168-00051839-00051982 look forward to getting our ships and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00169-00051983-00052230 our sailors into your ports as often as
+H-GLqhfATSu-00170-00052232-00052430 as much as we can because without that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00171-00052432-00052638 human connection about learning about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00172-00052639-00052766 culture
+H-GLqhfATSu-00173-00052767-00053047 understanding the food the experiences
+H-GLqhfATSu-00174-00053048-00053271 the beautiful scenery you can't
+H-GLqhfATSu-00175-00053272-00053471 understand each other and we can't work
+H-GLqhfATSu-00176-00053472-00053694 together as well so i thank you all for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00177-00053695-00053887 coming the sea power conference will
+H-GLqhfATSu-00178-00053888-00054150 explore a broad theme the indo pacific
+H-GLqhfATSu-00179-00054151-00054326 maritime domain the 21st century
+H-GLqhfATSu-00180-00054327-00054503 commonality of purpose we've pulled
+H-GLqhfATSu-00181-00054504-00054694 together a program today that starts
+H-GLqhfATSu-00182-00054695-00054807 with setting around what that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00183-00054808-00054926 commonality purpose what is the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00184-00054927-00055191 indo-pacific um and then we'll roll into
+H-GLqhfATSu-00185-00055191-00055407 some updates about the current fleet and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00186-00055408-00055599 after lunch i'm delighted that some of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00187-00055600-00055782 the international uh counterparts will
+H-GLqhfATSu-00188-00055783-00055911 be able to give us some updates from
+H-GLqhfATSu-00189-00055912-00056111 their nations and then the last session
+H-GLqhfATSu-00190-00056112-00056294 of today we'll talk we'll hear from our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00191-00056295-00056430 people that are actually out not out
+H-GLqhfATSu-00192-00056432-00056630 doing stuff not me sitting behind a desk
+H-GLqhfATSu-00193-00056632-00056871 in canberra um on a video screen that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00194-00056872-00057030 i've spoken to most you on for the last
+H-GLqhfATSu-00195-00057032-00057199 two years so i'm really excited about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00196-00057200-00057471 the day um please come in and out please
+H-GLqhfATSu-00197-00057472-00057694 engage and as the chief said please ask
+H-GLqhfATSu-00198-00057695-00057950 tough questions so it's my great honor
+H-GLqhfATSu-00199-00057951-00058271 to introduce our first keynote um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00200-00058272-00058471 address it's professor john blackson uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-00201-00058472-00058663 thank you for your time sir you've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00202-00058664-00058823 always been a good friend to our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00203-00058824-00059023 workforce and i i look forward to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00204-00059024-00059235 hearing from you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00205-00059236-00059950 [Applause]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00206-00059951-00060966 thanks deb
+H-GLqhfATSu-00207-00060967-00061094 there are a couple of ones i can think
+H-GLqhfATSu-00208-00061095-00061254 of at the moment but it's really great
+H-GLqhfATSu-00209-00061255-00061494 to see a wonderful international
+H-GLqhfATSu-00210-00061495-00061726 contingent here
+H-GLqhfATSu-00211-00061727-00061911 from around the world across the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00212-00061912-00062206 indo-pacific uh i'm honored to be here
+H-GLqhfATSu-00213-00062207-00062487 for the keynote of the of the of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00214-00062488-00062703 session being with the people who are
+H-GLqhfATSu-00215-00062704-00062926 the navies and the navies of our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00216-00062927-00063175 neighborhood our friends and partners
+H-GLqhfATSu-00217-00063176-00063350 this is where it's at and the chief of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00218-00063351-00063559 navy's absolutely right and i'm thrilled
+H-GLqhfATSu-00219-00063560-00063806 to be here absolutely tickle pink so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00220-00063807-00063975 ladies and gentlemen i hope it's going
+H-GLqhfATSu-00221-00063976-00064150 to i'm going to make it worth your while
+H-GLqhfATSu-00222-00064151-00064287 but hold onto your seats because we're
+H-GLqhfATSu-00223-00064288-00064423 going to do what i'm calling a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00224-00064424-00064687 geostrategic swot analysis for australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-00225-00064688-00064975 and as you'll see from this map it's it
+H-GLqhfATSu-00226-00064976-00065175 starts with the map of australia it's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00227-00065176-00065382 raf i'm sorry it's raf not navy right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00228-00065383-00065575 it's a wrath planning map centered on
+H-GLqhfATSu-00229-00065576-00065991 darwin but spun 45 degrees right and you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00230-00065992-00066150 get a sense by doing that you get a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00231-00066151-00066399 sense of australia hanging off asia but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00232-00066400-00066623 you also get a sense of australia in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00233-00066624-00066726 indo
+H-GLqhfATSu-00234-00066727-00066967 one side pacific the other it's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00235-00066968-00067126 no-brainer isn't it really when you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00236-00067127-00067311 think about it like that that's where we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00237-00067312-00067615 live and you know australia has had an
+H-GLqhfATSu-00238-00067616-00067791 issue with reconciling its history with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00239-00067792-00068079 its geography we've kind of been this uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-00240-00068080-00068279 we've culturally been somewhere in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00241-00068280-00068438 mid-north atlantic
+H-GLqhfATSu-00242-00068439-00068615 but geographically we're not we're in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00243-00068616-00068831 the indo-pacific and we're slowly coming
+H-GLqhfATSu-00244-00068832-00069055 to reconcile our history with our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00245-00069056-00069263 geography which is a bloody good thing
+H-GLqhfATSu-00246-00069264-00069343 right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00247-00069344-00069519 and it's so great that so many people
+H-GLqhfATSu-00248-00069520-00069719 from the indo-pacific are here and i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-00249-00069720-00069919 delighted that we're here for this so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00250-00069920-00070071 let me continue
+H-GLqhfATSu-00251-00070072-00070287 what i've got is i've done this a swot
+H-GLqhfATSu-00252-00070288-00070471 analysis it's kind of you know it's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00253-00070472-00070599 business concept where you look at the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00254-00070600-00070775 internal strengths and weaknesses and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00255-00070776-00070975 external opportunities and threats well
+H-GLqhfATSu-00256-00070976-00071159 i've applied it strategically to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00257-00071160-00071375 australia's circumstances and when you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00258-00071376-00071526 think about it and it's in that that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00259-00071527-00071694 paper there on the left the center of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00260-00071695-00071926 gravity paper but essentially we're
+H-GLqhfATSu-00261-00071927-00072079 dealing with a spectrum of global
+H-GLqhfATSu-00262-00072080-00072231 security challenges it's not just
+H-GLqhfATSu-00263-00072232-00072519 economic not just environmental not just
+H-GLqhfATSu-00264-00072520-00072679 political and human or but cyber
+H-GLqhfATSu-00265-00072680-00072879 maritime territorial and homeland it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00266-00072880-00073087 bigger than ben hur okay and for those
+H-GLqhfATSu-00267-00073088-00073335 of you who don't know ben hur is go and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00268-00073336-00073519 google him because he's a really great
+H-GLqhfATSu-00269-00073520-00073719 guy great movie all right some of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00270-00073720-00073911 older folks you know and chuckling along
+H-GLqhfATSu-00271-00073912-00074071 the younger folks look up the movie it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00272-00074072-00074343 a cracker right um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00273-00074344-00074575 um but this the the diagram here in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00274-00074576-00074806 middle that it's my i'm a simple guy and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00275-00074807-00075023 i need pictures right so i was trying to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00276-00075024-00075247 distill this complexity into some
+H-GLqhfATSu-00277-00075248-00075438 apparent simplicity and when you think
+H-GLqhfATSu-00278-00075439-00075623 about it what we're dealing with is a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00279-00075624-00075847 spectrum of challenges not just great
+H-GLqhfATSu-00280-00075848-00076094 power contestation yes it's part of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00281-00076095-00076262 equation but it's not just the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00282-00076263-00076375 environment it's not just what the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00283-00076376-00076543 greens are saying it's not just about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00284-00076544-00076750 looming environmental catastrophe yes
+H-GLqhfATSu-00285-00076751-00076959 that's part of the equation oh and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00286-00076960-00077167 there's also governance challenges right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00287-00077168-00077359 we're talking about the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00288-00077360-00077550 breakdown of law and order terrorism
+H-GLqhfATSu-00289-00077551-00077703 people smuggling drugs smuggling
+H-GLqhfATSu-00290-00077704-00077935 corruption etc all of those things when
+H-GLqhfATSu-00291-00077936-00078175 you combine them that bit in the middle
+H-GLqhfATSu-00292-00078176-00078350 now i'm giving you my bluff my bottom
+H-GLqhfATSu-00293-00078351-00078519 line up front because this is my so what
+H-GLqhfATSu-00294-00078520-00078767 from the swat okay but i'm giving it so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00295-00078768-00078967 you can see it when we go through it but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00296-00078968-00079143 essentially this is a complicated who
+H-GLqhfATSu-00297-00079144-00079431 owns that space navy no army no air
+H-GLqhfATSu-00298-00079432-00079759 force no defense no home affairs no uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-00299-00079760-00080087 dfat no who owns it is it you know is it
+H-GLqhfATSu-00300-00080088-00080271 a new south wales jurisdiction thing no
+H-GLqhfATSu-00301-00080272-00080462 is it a federal no is it international
+H-GLqhfATSu-00302-00080463-00080615 well there's no international body
+H-GLqhfATSu-00303-00080616-00080903 dealing with it who the hell owns this
+H-GLqhfATSu-00304-00080904-00081062 problem
+H-GLqhfATSu-00305-00081063-00081206 well we all do
+H-GLqhfATSu-00306-00081207-00081335 right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00307-00081336-00081543 okay so let's go going to go through
+H-GLqhfATSu-00308-00081544-00081703 them now strengths weaknesses
+H-GLqhfATSu-00309-00081704-00081847 opportunities threats go in a race room
+H-GLqhfATSu-00310-00081848-00082071 hold on to your seats yeah the wind at
+H-GLqhfATSu-00311-00082072-00082255 least the hot air from me is going to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00312-00082256-00082543 rush past your ears okay um so hold on
+H-GLqhfATSu-00313-00082544-00082759 natural resources the land of plenty
+H-GLqhfATSu-00314-00082760-00083047 right oh the lucky country uh uh our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00315-00083048-00083191 land of bounds with nature's guests
+H-GLqhfATSu-00316-00083192-00083391 beauty rich and rare okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00317-00083392-00083535 we've got lots of them it's one of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00318-00083536-00083711 great strengths of australia and one of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00319-00083712-00083855 the reasons why we have such a strong
+H-GLqhfATSu-00320-00083856-00084038 economy let's face it you know
+H-GLqhfATSu-00321-00084039-00084311 we mind the thing to kingdom come
+H-GLqhfATSu-00322-00084312-00084535 um but it's in relative decline not that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00323-00084536-00084671 we're doing badly but our neighbors are
+H-GLqhfATSu-00324-00084672-00084911 doing better they're outstripping us
+H-GLqhfATSu-00325-00084912-00085126 outpacing us okay um now we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00326-00085127-00085326 demolition domestic political stability
+H-GLqhfATSu-00327-00085327-00085543 in the rule of law which we've kind of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00328-00085544-00085703 tended to take for granted a little bit
+H-GLqhfATSu-00329-00085704-00085862 a bit like oxygen you know you don't you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00330-00085863-00086055 don't think about oxygen until you until
+H-GLqhfATSu-00331-00086056-00086191 you don't have it and then all of a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00332-00086192-00086343 sudden you're screaming looking out for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00333-00086344-00086543 it okay and this is a bit like this and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00334-00086544-00086647 we've seen this a little bit with the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00335-00086648-00086847 pandemic and the protests and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00336-00086848-00087079 starting to see a little bit of fraying
+H-GLqhfATSu-00337-00087080-00087247 of the political and social order that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00338-00087248-00087415 we've taken for granted and that we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00339-00087416-00087718 can't afford to take for granted okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00340-00087719-00087879 and then we've got an educated workforce
+H-GLqhfATSu-00341-00087880-00087999 and i'm at the australian national
+H-GLqhfATSu-00342-00088000-00088159 university australia's you know very
+H-GLqhfATSu-00343-00088160-00088367 prestigious university tick or pink to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00344-00088368-00088503 be there i have to say it's a wonderful
+H-GLqhfATSu-00345-00088504-00088631 place to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-00346-00088632-00088903 but um we we are we are an educated
+H-GLqhfATSu-00347-00088904-00089087 workforce you are amongst the most
+H-GLqhfATSu-00348-00089088-00089335 educated navies in the world right you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00349-00089336-00089526 are you have a training system that is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00350-00089527-00089679 world class
+H-GLqhfATSu-00351-00089680-00089894 and you are the beneficiaries of it and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00352-00089895-00090006 part of the problem for the navy is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00353-00090007-00090150 keeping you because you're so employable
+H-GLqhfATSu-00354-00090151-00090303 elsewhere right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00355-00090304-00090535 you've got so many great skills that i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-00356-00090536-00090703 incredibly marketable i just hope that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00357-00090704-00090935 you also have a sense of patriotic duty
+H-GLqhfATSu-00358-00090936-00091079 that you'll hang around a bit longer and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00359-00091080-00091231 that in the meantime the chief of navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00360-00091232-00091399 can boost your conditions of service to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00361-00091400-00091567 make it a lot more attractive to stay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00362-00091568-00091711 and maybe recruit some of your friends
+H-GLqhfATSu-00363-00091712-00091911 along the way um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00364-00091912-00092143 we've got a multicultural society 55
+H-GLqhfATSu-00365-00092144-00092279 years ago we abandoned the white
+H-GLqhfATSu-00366-00092280-00092518 australia policy all right 55 years ago
+H-GLqhfATSu-00367-00092519-00092718 we went by from being white bred to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00368-00092719-00092918 being much more cosmopolitan much more
+H-GLqhfATSu-00369-00092919-00093150 mixed we've got now you know
+H-GLqhfATSu-00370-00093151-00093303 four percent of our population from
+H-GLqhfATSu-00371-00093304-00093518 northeast asia southeast asia and south
+H-GLqhfATSu-00372-00093519-00093759 asia let alone from latin america africa
+H-GLqhfATSu-00373-00093760-00093967 and the rest of europe it's really much
+H-GLqhfATSu-00374-00093968-00094182 more diverse than it ever was quite
+H-GLqhfATSu-00375-00094183-00094303 extraordinary
+H-GLqhfATSu-00376-00094304-00094526 we've got a honed and high-tech defence
+H-GLqhfATSu-00377-00094527-00094831 force but it's a boutique one okay and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00378-00094832-00094991 you guys are part of it and the chief
+H-GLqhfATSu-00379-00094992-00095118 the chief of navy talked about this
+H-GLqhfATSu-00380-00095119-00095287 briefly the fact that we need to grow
+H-GLqhfATSu-00381-00095288-00095526 the force we we have an adf that can't
+H-GLqhfATSu-00382-00095527-00095782 sustain a traditional con
+H-GLqhfATSu-00383-00095783-00095943 conflict in any kind of substantial
+H-GLqhfATSu-00384-00095944-00096143 manner it's because we're a one-punch
+H-GLqhfATSu-00385-00096144-00096343 force we're designed for the unipolar
+H-GLqhfATSu-00386-00096344-00096550 moment when the united states was top
+H-GLqhfATSu-00387-00096551-00096791 dog uncontested and we were kind of saw
+H-GLqhfATSu-00388-00096792-00096999 ourselves as you know looking after our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00389-00097000-00097143 patch and helping out when we need to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00390-00097144-00097279 with others
+H-GLqhfATSu-00391-00097280-00097438 ladies and gentlemen
+H-GLqhfATSu-00392-00097439-00097647 those days are no longer
+H-GLqhfATSu-00393-00097648-00097743 okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00394-00097744-00097935 we have structured for a moment that has
+H-GLqhfATSu-00395-00097936-00098038 passed
+H-GLqhfATSu-00396-00098039-00098431 and we need to accelerate change
+H-GLqhfATSu-00397-00098432-00098655 uh just in terms of the army and i'm i i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00398-00098656-00098855 was in the army long time ago so humor
+H-GLqhfATSu-00399-00098856-00099071 me please don't don't don't throw stones
+H-GLqhfATSu-00400-00099072-00099382 um but in terms of the army we have a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00401-00099383-00099582 one to two division fours now in a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00402-00099583-00099879 division about ten thousand troops right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00403-00099880-00100023 at the height of the second world war
+H-GLqhfATSu-00404-00100024-00100206 january 1943
+H-GLqhfATSu-00405-00100207-00100487 out of a population under eight million
+H-GLqhfATSu-00406-00100488-00100815 we mustered 14 divisions
+H-GLqhfATSu-00407-00100816-00101087 we have one and a half today
+H-GLqhfATSu-00408-00101088-00101311 we have a navy of a dozen warships and a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00409-00101312-00101494 handful of submarines we've had that for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00410-00101495-00101750 about 50 years right and an air force of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00411-00101751-00101959 about 100 fighters and a few enabling
+H-GLqhfATSu-00412-00101960-00102094 aircraft
+H-GLqhfATSu-00413-00102095-00102238 they're good
+H-GLqhfATSu-00414-00102239-00102599 whoopi do in a serious stash that ain't
+H-GLqhfATSu-00415-00102600-00102886 going to touch the sides
+H-GLqhfATSu-00416-00102888-00103030 and it's one of the reasons why we need
+H-GLqhfATSu-00417-00103031-00103199 collaboration cooperation and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00418-00103200-00103318 partnership
+H-GLqhfATSu-00419-00103319-00103463 so the other reason why we've got a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00420-00103464-00103599 boutique defense force because we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00421-00103600-00103878 a bloody big moat right um and you guys
+H-GLqhfATSu-00422-00103879-00104063 have been caught key parts of defending
+H-GLqhfATSu-00423-00104064-00104318 the moat um but essentially we've it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00424-00104319-00104527 given us this kind of this kind of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00425-00104528-00104702 confidence that hey you know she'll be
+H-GLqhfATSu-00426-00104703-00104919 right mate no worries take it easy you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00427-00104920-00105143 know don't spend too much on defense
+H-GLqhfATSu-00428-00105144-00105302 really what the hell you know what's the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00429-00105303-00105447 point
+H-GLqhfATSu-00430-00105448-00105678 well i think there are some points
+H-GLqhfATSu-00431-00105679-00105878 but we can leverage also from our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00432-00105879-00106023 connections with the united states i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00433-00106024-00106143 contributed to this book australia's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00434-00106144-00106383 american alliance
+H-GLqhfATSu-00435-00106383-00106534 and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00436-00106535-00106695 intelligence connections uh and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00437-00106696-00106863 interoperability that map in the top
+H-GLqhfATSu-00438-00106864-00107015 right that needs the you know the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00439-00107016-00107207 strategic essence the suitable piece of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00440-00107208-00107463 real estate the joint defense facilities
+H-GLqhfATSu-00441-00107464-00107678 pine gap ladies and gentlemen let me
+H-GLqhfATSu-00442-00107679-00107895 tell you at the unclassified level that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00443-00107896-00108158 is freaking amazing all right what it
+H-GLqhfATSu-00444-00108159-00108366 delivers for australia's defense the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00445-00108367-00108566 insights it provides on threats on
+H-GLqhfATSu-00446-00108567-00108799 ballistic missiles on international
+H-GLqhfATSu-00447-00108800-00108966 developments is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00448-00108967-00109231 worth every freaking penny i'm telling
+H-GLqhfATSu-00449-00109232-00109478 you now okay now you won't get it much
+H-GLqhfATSu-00450-00109479-00109607 more than that out of a security
+H-GLqhfATSu-00451-00109608-00109831 briefing but it is really worthwhile
+H-GLqhfATSu-00452-00109832-00110047 okay and whenever a prime minister comes
+H-GLqhfATSu-00453-00110048-00110278 to office or a defense minister goes out
+H-GLqhfATSu-00454-00110279-00110454 there gets briefed
+H-GLqhfATSu-00455-00110455-00110686 he picks up his jaw and then he says
+H-GLqhfATSu-00456-00110688-00110871 yeah that's a good deal
+H-GLqhfATSu-00457-00110872-00110983 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00458-00110983-00111183 all right so then we've got a series of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00459-00111183-00111383 weaknesses we've got a complacency about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00460-00111383-00111590 our place in the world you know we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00461-00111591-00111766 got we've had a revolving door of prime
+H-GLqhfATSu-00462-00111767-00111951 ministerships over the last 10 years or
+H-GLqhfATSu-00463-00111952-00112151 so and really who cares i mean
+H-GLqhfATSu-00464-00112152-00112343 australia's been prosperous does it
+H-GLqhfATSu-00465-00112344-00112527 really matter if the economy is ticking
+H-GLqhfATSu-00466-00112528-00112678 along and everything's fine
+H-GLqhfATSu-00467-00112679-00112831 well on one level you think not but i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00468-00112832-00113039 would contend that perhaps into the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00469-00113040-00113215 future that day is becoming more
+H-GLqhfATSu-00470-00113216-00113407 important than it's been right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00471-00113408-00113519 and then we've got infrastructure
+H-GLqhfATSu-00472-00113520-00113663 pressures and uneven population
+H-GLqhfATSu-00473-00113664-00113895 distribution around the southeast corner
+H-GLqhfATSu-00474-00113896-00114078 of only 26 million we still can't get
+H-GLqhfATSu-00475-00114079-00114286 the infrastructure bits quite right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00476-00114288-00114486 and then we've got a dependency on
+H-GLqhfATSu-00477-00114488-00114719 international service providers the gps
+H-GLqhfATSu-00478-00114720-00114902 systems that we are more and more
+H-GLqhfATSu-00479-00114903-00115151 dependent on than ever we don't control
+H-GLqhfATSu-00480-00115152-00115447 uh cable communications cables that are
+H-GLqhfATSu-00481-00115448-00115615 more vulnerable than we realize
+H-GLqhfATSu-00482-00115616-00115766 remembering that the first and second
+H-GLqhfATSu-00483-00115767-00115975 world war one of the first things great
+H-GLqhfATSu-00484-00115976-00116110 britain did at the start of the first
+H-GLqhfATSu-00485-00116111-00116286 and second world war is what ladies and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00486-00116288-00116727 gentlemen anyone like to guess
+H-GLqhfATSu-00487-00116728-00116919 cut the cables
+H-GLqhfATSu-00488-00116920-00117166 cut the cables
+H-GLqhfATSu-00489-00117167-00117399 the undersea cables got cut and we are
+H-GLqhfATSu-00490-00117400-00117599 more dependent on them than ever let
+H-GLqhfATSu-00491-00117600-00117839 alone on refined oil which thanks to our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00492-00117840-00118023 singaporean and korean friends we they
+H-GLqhfATSu-00493-00118024-00118231 do most of the refining for us
+H-GLqhfATSu-00494-00118232-00118423 but let me just say ladies and gentlemen
+H-GLqhfATSu-00495-00118424-00118607 i can you know what could possibly go
+H-GLqhfATSu-00496-00118608-00118839 wrong well love singapore love
+H-GLqhfATSu-00497-00118840-00119083 singaporeans but there are half a dozen
+H-GLqhfATSu-00498-00119083-00119415 plausible man-made or natural disasters
+H-GLqhfATSu-00499-00119416-00119647 that could interrupt that flow right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00500-00119648-00119854 and um what are we doing about it oh
+H-GLqhfATSu-00501-00119855-00120023 she'll be right mate it's okay don't
+H-GLqhfATSu-00502-00120024-00120295 worry about it well i think we should
+H-GLqhfATSu-00503-00120296-00120423 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00504-00120424-00120599 then we've got power vulnerability so we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00505-00120600-00120847 use we're getting more hydro um we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00506-00120848-00121023 got lots of solar we're getting more
+H-GLqhfATSu-00507-00121024-00121319 solar we export uranium we don't take it
+H-GLqhfATSu-00508-00121320-00121486 back and we don't use it we're a bunch
+H-GLqhfATSu-00509-00121488-00121710 of nimbies not in my backyard thank you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00510-00121711-00121878 very much right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00511-00121879-00122047 so even though we're on the most stable
+H-GLqhfATSu-00512-00122048-00122254 continent on the most least populated
+H-GLqhfATSu-00513-00122255-00122454 continent on the planet we won't take it
+H-GLqhfATSu-00514-00122455-00122639 back and we won't use it i can't figure
+H-GLqhfATSu-00515-00122640-00122878 that out it's just got me bamboozled i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00516-00122879-00122990 don't get that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00517-00122991-00123166 anyway i'm not a scientist i'm just an
+H-GLqhfATSu-00518-00123167-00123495 opinionated boob but there you go
+H-GLqhfATSu-00519-00123496-00123654 cyber vulnerabilities we've gone from
+H-GLqhfATSu-00520-00123655-00123919 being web enabled to web dependent and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00521-00123920-00124143 in the process we become web vulnerable
+H-GLqhfATSu-00522-00124144-00124478 so we are more vulnerable now from from
+H-GLqhfATSu-00523-00124479-00124766 afar than we've been arguably ever and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00524-00124767-00125063 so you see the emergence of this uh the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00525-00125064-00125254 development of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00526-00125255-00125527 of the australian cyber security center
+H-GLqhfATSu-00527-00125528-00125695 and the asd surround signals directorate
+H-GLqhfATSu-00528-00125696-00125910 getting resourced because we've got to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00529-00125911-00126175 compensate for the vulnerabilities okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00530-00126176-00126343 and we've got limited sovereign capacity
+H-GLqhfATSu-00531-00126344-00126590 to respond to crises of war we haven't
+H-GLqhfATSu-00532-00126591-00126751 felt the need to have much of a defence
+H-GLqhfATSu-00533-00126752-00126910 industry in australia why because we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00534-00126911-00127047 just buy it off the shelf from someone
+H-GLqhfATSu-00535-00127048-00127175 else right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00536-00127176-00127327 and well of course what what could
+H-GLqhfATSu-00537-00127328-00127519 possibly go wrong and if what the war in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00538-00127520-00127710 ukraine is showing if anything it's that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00539-00127711-00127951 supplies of critical munitions
+H-GLqhfATSu-00540-00127952-00128199 when you want them chances are everyone
+H-GLqhfATSu-00541-00128200-00128414 else is going to want them to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00542-00128415-00128639 so we're having to rethink how we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00543-00128640-00128975 prioritize the supply and the provision
+H-GLqhfATSu-00544-00128976-00129166 and development of those capabilities
+H-GLqhfATSu-00545-00129167-00129358 because you know it's always that you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00546-00129359-00129510 know in the army we used to talk about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00547-00129511-00129751 things happening at the corner four maps
+H-GLqhfATSu-00548-00129752-00129975 at night it's getting dark it's starting
+H-GLqhfATSu-00549-00129976-00130166 to rain and your battery's dying right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00550-00130167-00130366 that's when it happens
+H-GLqhfATSu-00551-00130367-00130519 it's right where you don't want it to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00552-00130520-00130631 happen that's where it's going to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00553-00130632-00130766 probably happen
+H-GLqhfATSu-00554-00130767-00130895 and of course we're not prepared for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00555-00130896-00131071 that we're not resilient
+H-GLqhfATSu-00556-00131072-00131271 then okay opportunities now i've grouped
+H-GLqhfATSu-00557-00131272-00131502 these i've grouped these
+H-GLqhfATSu-00558-00131503-00131735 geographically
+H-GLqhfATSu-00559-00131736-00131943 and the first one south pacific now
+H-GLqhfATSu-00560-00131944-00132119 wonderful opportunities but look at this
+H-GLqhfATSu-00561-00132120-00132319 map folks when you normally look at a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00562-00132320-00132463 map of the south pacific all you do is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00563-00132464-00132735 see specs right but when you add the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00564-00132736-00133078 exclusive economic zones of these micro
+H-GLqhfATSu-00565-00133079-00133295 states of the pacific all of a sudden
+H-GLqhfATSu-00566-00133296-00133502 you get the geostrategic economic
+H-GLqhfATSu-00567-00133503-00133766 significance jumps out at you of course
+H-GLqhfATSu-00568-00133767-00133863 it does
+H-GLqhfATSu-00569-00133864-00134143 incredible lucrative fisheries
+H-GLqhfATSu-00570-00134144-00134335 let alone sea by seabed mining
+H-GLqhfATSu-00571-00134336-00134566 opportunities that emerge in this space
+H-GLqhfATSu-00572-00134567-00134639 for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00573-00134640-00134902 those countries like china that have
+H-GLqhfATSu-00574-00134903-00135047 signed up to the u.n convention on the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00575-00135048-00135302 law of the sea back in 1982 but when you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00576-00135303-00135471 look at the edge you look at the map
+H-GLqhfATSu-00577-00135472-00135678 china's got a tiny exclusive economic
+H-GLqhfATSu-00578-00135679-00135839 zone so of course they're going to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-00579-00135840-00135959 interested in exploiting the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00580-00135960-00136111 opportunities in the pacific if
+H-GLqhfATSu-00581-00136112-00136327 countries in the pacific led them that's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00582-00136328-00136583 a completely understandable impulse for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00583-00136584-00136759 them to want to do
+H-GLqhfATSu-00584-00136760-00136951 i would contend
+H-GLqhfATSu-00585-00136952-00137143 it's not in our interests to let that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00586-00137144-00137287 happen okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00587-00137288-00137535 and we need to work collaboratively to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00588-00137536-00137735 mitigate the risks and the effects of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00589-00137736-00137839 that happening
+H-GLqhfATSu-00590-00137840-00138071 um but there are enormous opportunities
+H-GLqhfATSu-00591-00138072-00138335 here and there's a lot we can do a lot
+H-GLqhfATSu-00592-00138336-00138575 lots to do in this in this space
+H-GLqhfATSu-00593-00138576-00138814 um asean the association of southeast
+H-GLqhfATSu-00594-00138815-00139095 asian nations we have disaggregated this
+H-GLqhfATSu-00595-00139096-00139254 in our consciousness
+H-GLqhfATSu-00596-00139255-00139519 and yet when you pull it together it is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00597-00139520-00139759 a proto-great power
+H-GLqhfATSu-00598-00139760-00139943 all right we have if you look at the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00599-00139944-00140207 stats the charts you see india japan
+H-GLqhfATSu-00600-00140208-00140327 china
+H-GLqhfATSu-00601-00140328-00140551 maybe indonesia and then all the list
+H-GLqhfATSu-00602-00140552-00140807 micro states right when you aggregate
+H-GLqhfATSu-00603-00140808-00141047 southeast asia it's up there with india
+H-GLqhfATSu-00604-00141048-00141166 in terms of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00605-00141167-00141366 economic heft in terms of population
+H-GLqhfATSu-00606-00141367-00141775 size in terms of significance and yet we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00607-00141776-00141878 literally
+H-GLqhfATSu-00608-00141879-00142126 and metaphorically skip over it on our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00609-00142127-00142335 way somewhere else especially the wrath
+H-GLqhfATSu-00610-00142336-00142526 we need to fly over it you know you guys
+H-GLqhfATSu-00611-00142527-00142695 tend to go through it a lot more but the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00612-00142696-00142959 other army navy army air force sorry
+H-GLqhfATSu-00613-00142960-00143183 defence diplomacy we go elsewhere we're
+H-GLqhfATSu-00614-00143184-00143431 more comfortable in new york and geneva
+H-GLqhfATSu-00615-00143432-00143639 you know than our own neighborhood and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00616-00143640-00143743 this is what i'm saying about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00617-00143744-00143919 reconciling our history with our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00618-00143920-00144199 geography we live where we live we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00619-00144200-00144351 got to make that work for us we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00620-00144352-00144519 to understand our neighborhood we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00621-00144520-00144759 to recognize our space
+H-GLqhfATSu-00622-00144760-00144943 so about a million pride of the pandemic
+H-GLqhfATSu-00623-00144944-00145111 about a million visitors a year about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00624-00145112-00145319 nearly a million people living here with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00625-00145320-00145519 their southeast asian heritage two and a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00626-00145520-00145766 half trillion economy our third largest
+H-GLqhfATSu-00627-00145767-00146047 trading partner for crying out loud
+H-GLqhfATSu-00628-00146048-00146263 who knew who knew
+H-GLqhfATSu-00629-00146264-00146407 right well no one does because it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00630-00146408-00146575 disaggregated we completely don't think
+H-GLqhfATSu-00631-00146576-00146799 of it this way but it's our immediate
+H-GLqhfATSu-00632-00146800-00147071 neighbor right this isn't some far away
+H-GLqhfATSu-00633-00147072-00147295 country on the other side of the planet
+H-GLqhfATSu-00634-00147296-00147807 this is our immediate neighbor
+H-GLqhfATSu-00635-00147808-00147943 then there's northeast asia now we're
+H-GLqhfATSu-00636-00147944-00148078 more comfortable this we understand this
+H-GLqhfATSu-00637-00148079-00148414 one japan korea china taiwan this is a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00638-00148415-00148590 space where we do a lot of business with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00639-00148591-00148751 and have for a long time and we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00640-00148752-00148975 reaped the dividends of it right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00641-00148976-00149111 now we're not seeing that so much
+H-GLqhfATSu-00642-00149112-00149231 because of the more illiberal
+H-GLqhfATSu-00643-00149232-00149431 assertiveness of china make it more
+H-GLqhfATSu-00644-00149432-00149623 tricky you know back in the old days you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00645-00149624-00149831 used to get one handler one interpreter
+H-GLqhfATSu-00646-00149832-00150023 you do a lap of china sign up a few
+H-GLqhfATSu-00647-00150024-00150166 trade deals come back in time for tea
+H-GLqhfATSu-00648-00150167-00150390 and scones right well not so anymore
+H-GLqhfATSu-00649-00150391-00150599 it's a lot harder but we have a whole
+H-GLqhfATSu-00650-00150600-00150902 range of other opportunities still
+H-GLqhfATSu-00651-00150903-00151054 max suits last year in the australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-00652-00151055-00151271 financial review talked about in over
+H-GLqhfATSu-00653-00151272-00151439 three articles lambasted the government
+H-GLqhfATSu-00654-00151440-00151663 for how things were going um talked
+H-GLqhfATSu-00655-00151664-00151887 about how badly were handled things but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00656-00151888-00152071 in the final paragraph he says yet
+H-GLqhfATSu-00657-00152072-00152214 outside the rhetoric it's hard to see
+H-GLqhfATSu-00658-00152215-00152351 how australia should have managed it
+H-GLqhfATSu-00659-00152352-00152535 differently different rhetoric wouldn't
+H-GLqhfATSu-00660-00152536-00152719 have produced a different outcome the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00661-00152720-00152895 chief obstacle is the aggressive attempt
+H-GLqhfATSu-00662-00152896-00153166 to expand g's authoritarianism into the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00663-00153167-00153399 indo-pacific no kidding
+H-GLqhfATSu-00664-00153400-00153702 all right so opportunities indian ocean
+H-GLqhfATSu-00665-00153703-00153935 uh with the quad with the indian ocean
+H-GLqhfATSu-00666-00153936-00154135 rim association and it's great to see
+H-GLqhfATSu-00667-00154136-00154351 nations from the indonesian rim uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-00668-00154352-00154559 engaged with us today uh very
+H-GLqhfATSu-00669-00154560-00154735 significant opportunities in this space
+H-GLqhfATSu-00670-00154736-00154951 as well um with the rest of the world
+H-GLqhfATSu-00671-00154952-00155126 very interesting to see the nato
+H-GLqhfATSu-00672-00155127-00155335 countries playing in a way that they
+H-GLqhfATSu-00673-00155336-00155575 weren't a decade or two ago very
+H-GLqhfATSu-00674-00155576-00155743 interested in engaging in our space
+H-GLqhfATSu-00675-00155744-00155911 france of course has enduring presence
+H-GLqhfATSu-00676-00155912-00156075 in our neighbourhood we've got to re
+H-GLqhfATSu-00677-00156076-00156302 re-recover that relationship we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00678-00156303-00156471 to make that one work through france and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00679-00156472-00156687 through quite quite deceit uh through
+H-GLqhfATSu-00680-00156688-00156823 our activities because they're there in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00681-00156824-00157047 the pacific they're not going away we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00682-00157048-00157247 need to collaborate with them uh of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00683-00157248-00157454 course canada it's a pacific power as
+H-GLqhfATSu-00684-00157455-00157671 well um and i see we've got canadians
+H-GLqhfATSu-00685-00157672-00157926 here so that's great to see canada has a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00686-00157927-00158119 long history in the pacific they fought
+H-GLqhfATSu-00687-00158120-00158295 in in in hong kong in the second world
+H-GLqhfATSu-00688-00158296-00158590 war and in the aleutians uh and in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00689-00158591-00158719 darwin actually they had a signals
+H-GLqhfATSu-00690-00158720-00158854 intelligence unit in darwin in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00691-00158855-00159054 second world war um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00692-00159055-00159278 france germany you know these countries
+H-GLqhfATSu-00693-00159279-00159407 have sent out warships you guys have
+H-GLqhfATSu-00694-00159408-00159543 been working with them i'm sure in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00695-00159544-00159735 last little while the brits back with a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00696-00159736-00159919 vengeance obviously signing deals with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00697-00159920-00159983 us
+H-GLqhfATSu-00698-00159984-00160231 fpda five power defense arrangement 50
+H-GLqhfATSu-00699-00160232-00160414 years old last year i mean it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00700-00160415-00160671 extraordinary how this organization that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00701-00160672-00160871 seems to be an anachronism still has
+H-GLqhfATSu-00702-00160872-00161014 legs right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00703-00161015-00161190 now it's problematic for indonesia of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00704-00161191-00161311 course because it was set up against
+H-GLqhfATSu-00705-00161312-00161478 them initially but it's no longer about
+H-GLqhfATSu-00706-00161479-00161687 like indonesia so we've got to find a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00707-00161688-00161871 way of actually making that relationship
+H-GLqhfATSu-00708-00161872-00162039 work better
+H-GLqhfATSu-00709-00162040-00162254 orcas bit controversial but of course
+H-GLqhfATSu-00710-00162255-00162383 when you think about it it's actually a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00711-00162384-00162535 no-brainer
+H-GLqhfATSu-00712-00162536-00162678 conventional diesel
+H-GLqhfATSu-00713-00162679-00162895 electric subs problematic because of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00714-00162896-00163135 ability increasing ability of potential
+H-GLqhfATSu-00715-00163136-00163343 adversaries to detect if you start
+H-GLqhfATSu-00716-00163344-00163711 snorkeling with ai satellites drones etc
+H-GLqhfATSu-00717-00163712-00163878 very hard to hide
+H-GLqhfATSu-00718-00163879-00164063 with the increased stealth increased
+H-GLqhfATSu-00719-00164064-00164278 range increased speed you compensate for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00720-00164279-00164511 that the key advantage of the submarine
+H-GLqhfATSu-00721-00164512-00164735 is not only range but stealth
+H-GLqhfATSu-00722-00164736-00164943 and getting more stealthy is critical so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00723-00164944-00165175 i'm all for it all right and i'm happy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00724-00165176-00165351 to talk about it in q a if we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00725-00165352-00165543 time later the united states this is a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00726-00165544-00165678 graph of a project i did with a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00727-00165679-00165863 colleague looking at how thailand views
+H-GLqhfATSu-00728-00165864-00166054 the united states and other great powers
+H-GLqhfATSu-00729-00166055-00166199 and if you see the red line in the blue
+H-GLqhfATSu-00730-00166200-00166351 line the red line's china the blue lines
+H-GLqhfATSu-00731-00166352-00166575 the united states you see united states
+H-GLqhfATSu-00732-00166576-00166759 influence has not gone away
+H-GLqhfATSu-00733-00166760-00167007 but it's eclipsed right and australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-00734-00167008-00167287 has a very important role to play uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-00735-00167288-00167511 in in in in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00736-00167512-00167702 the demonstration effect what we say and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00737-00167703-00167943 do has a demonstration effect in our
+H-GLqhfATSu-00738-00167944-00168047 neighborhood
+H-GLqhfATSu-00739-00168048-00168351 right antarctica who knew that we had a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00740-00168352-00168575 land border with new zealand
+H-GLqhfATSu-00741-00168576-00168926 with norway with france with chile with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00742-00168927-00169143 argentina and with britain
+H-GLqhfATSu-00743-00169144-00169263 who knew
+H-GLqhfATSu-00744-00169264-00169366 right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00745-00169367-00169590 well we do ladies and gentlemen and if
+H-GLqhfATSu-00746-00169591-00169823 in 50 years time that place melts and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00747-00169824-00170095 turns green and australia turns brown
+H-GLqhfATSu-00748-00170096-00170287 black and crisp
+H-GLqhfATSu-00749-00170288-00170431 that's going to be more important for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00750-00170432-00170663 our grandkids than you or you and i have
+H-GLqhfATSu-00751-00170664-00170878 ever conceived of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00752-00170879-00171047 we need to reimagine
+H-GLqhfATSu-00753-00171048-00171319 the way we approach antarctica
+H-GLqhfATSu-00754-00171320-00171463 and then there's a threat so i'm sorry
+H-GLqhfATSu-00755-00171464-00171614 ladies and gentlemen i hope this is not
+H-GLqhfATSu-00756-00171615-00171759 going to induce a warm bath and razor
+H-GLqhfATSu-00757-00171760-00171919 blades but this is a bloody long list
+H-GLqhfATSu-00758-00171920-00172199 okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00759-00172200-00172351 so foreign interference when i started
+H-GLqhfATSu-00760-00172352-00172487 writing about the history of asia a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00761-00172488-00172663 decade ago azio was very comfortable
+H-GLqhfATSu-00762-00172664-00172854 with us talking about this anachronistic
+H-GLqhfATSu-00763-00172855-00173135 concept of foreign interference by 2015
+H-GLqhfATSu-00764-00173136-00173271 when we were finishing up the project
+H-GLqhfATSu-00765-00173272-00173463 they said ah look can you edit out some
+H-GLqhfATSu-00766-00173464-00173614 of those bits we're not very comfortable
+H-GLqhfATSu-00767-00173615-00173975 with you talking about our mo right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00768-00173976-00174231 back on game's back on right and then
+H-GLqhfATSu-00769-00174232-00174463 there's uh cyber attack and you guys
+H-GLqhfATSu-00770-00174464-00174663 know all about that we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00771-00174664-00174838 the vulnerability i talked about cables
+H-GLqhfATSu-00772-00174839-00175063 in the first world war guess what just
+H-GLqhfATSu-00773-00175064-00175295 as easy to cut today okay we're more
+H-GLqhfATSu-00774-00175296-00175599 dependent on them than ever
+H-GLqhfATSu-00775-00175600-00175735 okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00776-00175736-00175911 um and you think about the space it's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00777-00175912-00176175 multi-faceted multi-dimensional space
+H-GLqhfATSu-00778-00176176-00176343 most of us think of the surface web but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00779-00176344-00176463 there's deep and they're dark and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00780-00176464-00176631 don't need i don't have time to go into
+H-GLqhfATSu-00781-00176632-00176887 it today but it's multifaceted
+H-GLqhfATSu-00782-00176888-00177031 and you think about the implications for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00783-00177032-00177223 the domains of warfare we used to think
+H-GLqhfATSu-00784-00177224-00177478 about sea and land then aircraft came
+H-GLqhfATSu-00785-00177479-00177719 along the first world war v2 rockets in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00786-00177720-00177911 the end of world war ii started out the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00787-00177912-00178175 space domain we've gone human and we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00788-00178176-00178311 got we've always had human but we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00789-00178312-00178526 gone cyber as well it's very complicated
+H-GLqhfATSu-00790-00178527-00178775 space it is multifaceted and then we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00791-00178776-00178943 seen the u.s transactional retreat from
+H-GLqhfATSu-00792-00178944-00179102 ideational leadership under president
+H-GLqhfATSu-00793-00179103-00179199 trump
+H-GLqhfATSu-00794-00179200-00179351 we've seen some retreat from that but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00795-00179352-00179543 not that much we've got a religiously
+H-GLqhfATSu-00796-00179544-00179726 and politically motivated violence at
+H-GLqhfATSu-00797-00179727-00179871 home and abroad
+H-GLqhfATSu-00798-00179872-00180038 marawi
+H-GLqhfATSu-00799-00180039-00180302 bombings in bali jakarta
+H-GLqhfATSu-00800-00180303-00180519 problems in the streets of melbourne in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00801-00180520-00180902 in martin place and and so on okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00802-00180903-00181047 we don't know what the future holds but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00803-00181048-00181335 this is a real challenge for the future
+H-GLqhfATSu-00804-00181336-00181471 then we've got good old-fashioned
+H-GLqhfATSu-00805-00181472-00181647 conventional or nuclear war you know
+H-GLqhfATSu-00806-00181648-00181790 bring back the good old days where we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00807-00181791-00181975 knew the goodies were and the bad is
+H-GLqhfATSu-00808-00181976-00182175 where i say okay i'm only joking i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-00809-00182176-00182390 only joking but there is the prospect of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00810-00182391-00182559 war and it is close over the korean
+H-GLqhfATSu-00811-00182560-00182766 peninsula the east china sea what china
+H-GLqhfATSu-00812-00182767-00182966 calls it diy japan causes senkaku
+H-GLqhfATSu-00813-00182967-00183175 islands over the taiwan straits and over
+H-GLqhfATSu-00814-00183176-00183414 the south china sea what could possibly
+H-GLqhfATSu-00815-00183415-00183519 go wrong
+H-GLqhfATSu-00816-00183520-00183807 you know lots obviously
+H-GLqhfATSu-00817-00183808-00183999 and linda jacobson writes what does
+H-GLqhfATSu-00818-00184000-00184183 china want i don't think outright war
+H-GLqhfATSu-00819-00184184-00184423 with china's is likely she says and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00820-00184424-00184502 agree
+H-GLqhfATSu-00821-00184503-00184719 china will use means all means short of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00822-00184720-00184926 war to get what it wants
+H-GLqhfATSu-00823-00184927-00185166 and using a mixture of tactics of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00824-00185167-00185359 intimidation disinformation and cyber
+H-GLqhfATSu-00825-00185360-00185590 attacks leaving the united states and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00826-00185591-00185799 allies like australia hard pressed to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00827-00185800-00185950 counter these moves
+H-GLqhfATSu-00828-00185951-00186319 they refuse to present a nail right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00829-00186320-00186478 what's the freaking use of having that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00830-00186479-00186671 hammer well it's still good having a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00831-00186672-00186919 hammer because the nail may yet present
+H-GLqhfATSu-00832-00186920-00187135 itself but it's not the only factor okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00833-00187136-00187311 it's not the only part of the equation
+H-GLqhfATSu-00834-00187312-00187438 then there's of course increased
+H-GLqhfATSu-00835-00187439-00187599 environmental challenges climate change
+H-GLqhfATSu-00836-00187600-00187735 extreme weather
+H-GLqhfATSu-00837-00187736-00187919 food security etc
+H-GLqhfATSu-00838-00187920-00188071 and we've seen this you guys have lived
+H-GLqhfATSu-00839-00188072-00188231 it i don't need to tell you about it and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00840-00188232-00188375 then there's transnational security
+H-GLqhfATSu-00841-00188376-00188550 concerns a long list
+H-GLqhfATSu-00842-00188551-00188766 which you can quickly skim there right
+H-GLqhfATSu-00843-00188767-00188887 and then there's
+H-GLqhfATSu-00844-00188888-00189054 people smuggling drugs smuggling through
+H-GLqhfATSu-00845-00189055-00189238 the pacific from latin america and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00846-00189239-00189399 southeast asia it's into the streets of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00847-00189400-00189583 melbourne and sydney then we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-00848-00189584-00189799 large-scale unregulated people movement
+H-GLqhfATSu-00849-00189800-00190047 we saw rohingyas get on boats not that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00850-00190048-00190287 long ago there's a prospect of malaysia
+H-GLqhfATSu-00851-00190288-00190526 of myanmar sorry melting down and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00852-00190527-00190671 presenting a problem bigger than
+H-GLqhfATSu-00853-00190672-00190895 bangladesh can handle uh we've got watch
+H-GLqhfATSu-00854-00190896-00191071 this space then our relationship with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00855-00191072-00191263 indonesia we've played a game of snakes
+H-GLqhfATSu-00856-00191264-00191487 and ladders there uh up and down you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00857-00191488-00191719 know up the the snake and then down with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00858-00191720-00191919 beef boats spies clemency timur papua
+H-GLqhfATSu-00859-00191920-00192095 jerusalem we have fumbled that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00860-00192096-00192302 relationship we do not respect them
+H-GLqhfATSu-00861-00192303-00192543 enough we need to play that differently
+H-GLqhfATSu-00862-00192544-00192726 then there's southwest pacific fisheries
+H-GLqhfATSu-00863-00192727-00192878 challenges and we touched on this when
+H-GLqhfATSu-00864-00192879-00193071 we're talking about opportunities and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00865-00193072-00193238 then there's diminished biodiversity in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00866-00193239-00193438 pandemics
+H-GLqhfATSu-00867-00193439-00193535 so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00868-00193536-00193726 where to here we've got a long list
+H-GLqhfATSu-00869-00193727-00193975 there folks that's my distillation we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00870-00193976-00194166 started that at the outset we've got a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00871-00194167-00194407 big problem navy is part of the solution
+H-GLqhfATSu-00872-00194408-00194583 it's not the entirety of the solution
+H-GLqhfATSu-00873-00194584-00194799 but we need to work collaboratively with
+H-GLqhfATSu-00874-00194800-00195054 our partner nations and partner agencies
+H-GLqhfATSu-00875-00195055-00195295 domestically and internationally
+H-GLqhfATSu-00876-00195296-00195535 we've got a foreign policy plan b 2017
+H-GLqhfATSu-00877-00195536-00195743 foreign policy white paper which
+H-GLqhfATSu-00878-00195744-00195919 basically articulated what happens when
+H-GLqhfATSu-00879-00195920-00196111 the united states goes
+H-GLqhfATSu-00880-00196112-00196375 in introspective okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-00881-00196376-00196535 and it basically stresses everything
+H-GLqhfATSu-00882-00196536-00196647 else
+H-GLqhfATSu-00883-00196648-00196831 the u.s engagement yes the indo-pacific
+H-GLqhfATSu-00884-00196832-00197047 the quad the asean relationship the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00885-00197048-00197271 special summit the pacific step up
+H-GLqhfATSu-00886-00197272-00197463 and regional economic and trade ties
+H-GLqhfATSu-00887-00197464-00197687 bolstered but what we face ladies and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00888-00197688-00197919 gentlemen is not just the prospect of
+H-GLqhfATSu-00889-00197920-00198111 consecutive crises like we've been able
+H-GLqhfATSu-00890-00198112-00198302 to handle off the line of march if you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00891-00198303-00198502 like in an army sense just from what you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00892-00198503-00198711 got in in stock what's on the shelf
+H-GLqhfATSu-00893-00198712-00198919 what's in what's at the heart what's in
+H-GLqhfATSu-00894-00198920-00199254 by the pier but what might happen is if
+H-GLqhfATSu-00895-00199255-00199519 these happen uh consecutively uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-00896-00199520-00199766 concurrently sorry at the same time we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00897-00199767-00199959 face a crisis we're not prepared for we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00898-00199960-00200175 are not ready to handle these things
+H-GLqhfATSu-00899-00200176-00200431 happening at the same time and we need
+H-GLqhfATSu-00900-00200432-00200631 to brace ourselves for that happening to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00901-00200632-00200831 do that i think we need a plan b a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00902-00200832-00200999 political and societal reawakening
+H-GLqhfATSu-00903-00201000-00201223 covering the environment contestation
+H-GLqhfATSu-00904-00201224-00201431 governance i think we need to establish
+H-GLqhfATSu-00905-00201432-00201590 a national institute of net assessment
+H-GLqhfATSu-00906-00201591-00201790 to think about 50 years out to think
+H-GLqhfATSu-00907-00201791-00202111 about what we do for our grandkids state
+H-GLqhfATSu-00908-00202112-00202238 i think we need to strike a grand
+H-GLqhfATSu-00909-00202239-00202407 compact with the pacific
+H-GLqhfATSu-00910-00202408-00202623 bigger than the pacific step up but akin
+H-GLqhfATSu-00911-00202624-00202847 to what new zealand's done with tonga
+H-GLqhfATSu-00912-00202848-00203095 and nui i start with the cook islands
+H-GLqhfATSu-00913-00203096-00203271 and nui sorry
+H-GLqhfATSu-00914-00203272-00203471 but in a collegial collaborative way
+H-GLqhfATSu-00915-00203472-00203663 where we mutually respect each other we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00916-00203664-00203919 work to build each other's capabilities
+H-GLqhfATSu-00917-00203920-00204111 and deepen trade and security ties
+H-GLqhfATSu-00918-00204112-00204295 reimagine engagement over antarctic
+H-GLqhfATSu-00919-00204296-00204495 antarctica and bolster endurance and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00920-00204496-00204623 resilience through an australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-00921-00204624-00204831 universal scheme for national and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00922-00204832-00205119 community service incentivized but
+H-GLqhfATSu-00923-00205119-00205366 voluntary service for the nation
+H-GLqhfATSu-00924-00205367-00205558 um there we have it ladies and gentlemen
+H-GLqhfATSu-00925-00205559-00205742 i've run out of time thank you for
+H-GLqhfATSu-00926-00205744-00205879 humoring me
+H-GLqhfATSu-00927-00205880-00205966 and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00928-00205967-00206175 i hope that sparked some interest and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00929-00206176-00206366 some questions and hopefully there's an
+H-GLqhfATSu-00930-00206367-00206494 opportunity for that a bit later thanks
+H-GLqhfATSu-00931-00206496-00206681 very much
+H-GLqhfATSu-00932-00206682-00207527 [Applause]
+H-GLqhfATSu-00933-00207528-00207710 thanks john um and uh johnny are you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00934-00207711-00207910 able to join us for questions
+H-GLqhfATSu-00935-00207911-00208006 excellent
+H-GLqhfATSu-00936-00208007-00208190 i might get you to come up here john the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00937-00208191-00208327 only reason i say that and please the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00938-00208328-00208551 team bear with me with the mic um we're
+H-GLqhfATSu-00939-00208552-00208782 actually live streaming this event today
+H-GLqhfATSu-00940-00208783-00208942 and we're also going to have it recorded
+H-GLqhfATSu-00941-00208944-00209119 and have it on youtube so you can have a
+H-GLqhfATSu-00942-00209119-00209262 look at it or get your shipments to have
+H-GLqhfATSu-00943-00209263-00209431 a look at it so we do need the questions
+H-GLqhfATSu-00944-00209432-00209542 through the mic
+H-GLqhfATSu-00945-00209544-00209703 i'm a big fan of voice primary as you
+H-GLqhfATSu-00946-00209704-00209910 all know but voice primary won't help us
+H-GLqhfATSu-00947-00209911-00210006 today
+H-GLqhfATSu-00948-00210007-00210231 so please questions from the floor um
+H-GLqhfATSu-00949-00210232-00210431 and there's there's two very competent
+H-GLqhfATSu-00950-00210432-00210734 microphone carriers um thank you joel
+H-GLqhfATSu-00951-00210735-00210942 and cheryl for helping us out so please
+H-GLqhfATSu-00952-00210944-00211431 who would like to ask the first question
+H-GLqhfATSu-00953-00211432-00212582 there's one over here
+H-GLqhfATSu-00954-00212583-00212806 hey guy man can i sir
+H-GLqhfATSu-00955-00212807-00213079 ronaldo dixon um you mentioned the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00956-00213080-00213398 cables and i saw your diagram of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00957-00213400-00213567 cables now obviously we're an island
+H-GLqhfATSu-00958-00213567-00213687 nation so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00959-00213688-00213894 we can be isolated but i noticed there
+H-GLqhfATSu-00960-00213896-00214151 was a lot of cables going to china
+H-GLqhfATSu-00961-00214152-00214231 so
+H-GLqhfATSu-00962-00214232-00214463 there's a two-way street there or will
+H-GLqhfATSu-00963-00214464-00214815 we have the ability the same impact
+H-GLqhfATSu-00964-00214816-00214894 that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00965-00214896-00215039 it would have on their nation as that
+H-GLqhfATSu-00966-00215040-00215279 would with us if those cables are cut
+H-GLqhfATSu-00967-00215280-00215487 yeah thanks very much mark mark i
+H-GLqhfATSu-00968-00215488-00215710 actually owe mark a lot we worked
+H-GLqhfATSu-00969-00215711-00215975 together um he was my
+H-GLqhfATSu-00970-00215976-00216127 war officer when i was the defense
+H-GLqhfATSu-00971-00216128-00216342 attache in thailand and so he actually
+H-GLqhfATSu-00972-00216344-00216639 made me look good um so i'm indebted to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00973-00216640-00216831 you mark thank you and thank you for the
+H-GLqhfATSu-00974-00216832-00217071 question yeah no it is a two-edged sword
+H-GLqhfATSu-00975-00217071-00217175 all of these things are they're
+H-GLqhfATSu-00976-00217176-00217382 double-edged swords
+H-GLqhfATSu-00977-00217383-00217551 i would put to you though that other
+H-GLqhfATSu-00978-00217552-00217687 countries have been giving this a lot
+H-GLqhfATSu-00979-00217688-00217871 more attention than we have and they've
+H-GLqhfATSu-00980-00217871-00218094 been prepared to take risks that we have
+H-GLqhfATSu-00981-00218096-00218327 not been prepared to contemplate
+H-GLqhfATSu-00982-00218328-00218615 and that we need to revisit our history
+H-GLqhfATSu-00983-00218616-00218846 revisit just what you have to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-00984-00218848-00219071 prepared to do in extremis
+H-GLqhfATSu-00985-00219071-00219271 if you want to be prepared to do
+H-GLqhfATSu-00986-00219271-00219558 defend your interests and to deter
+H-GLqhfATSu-00987-00219559-00219719 and to my mind it was very interesting
+H-GLqhfATSu-00988-00219719-00220023 the chief navy's video at the start
+H-GLqhfATSu-00989-00220023-00220310 deter detect respond deter
+H-GLqhfATSu-00990-00220311-00220542 critical to that what we do in peacetime
+H-GLqhfATSu-00991-00220544-00220798 it's about actually avoiding war we
+H-GLqhfATSu-00992-00220800-00221063 don't want war war is awful it's ugly
+H-GLqhfATSu-00993-00221064-00221287 it's destructive
+H-GLqhfATSu-00994-00221288-00221623 but what we want is the the security and
+H-GLqhfATSu-00995-00221623-00221982 stability from a robust force able to
+H-GLqhfATSu-00996-00221983-00222263 respond to whatever challenges emerge be
+H-GLqhfATSu-00997-00222264-00222463 it cable cutting
+H-GLqhfATSu-00998-00222464-00222855 or missiles or hypersonics or stealthy
+H-GLqhfATSu-00999-00222856-00223310 submarines thanks mark
+H-GLqhfATSu-01000-00223311-00223463 just watch some people think of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01001-00223464-00223623 questions i might throw one at you john
+H-GLqhfATSu-01002-00223623-00223894 if i may um as background i first met
+H-GLqhfATSu-01003-00223896-00224071 professor blacksling when he was an anu
+H-GLqhfATSu-01004-00224071-00224294 professor and i was a struggling student
+H-GLqhfATSu-01005-00224296-00224463 at the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01006-00224464-00224694 commander staff course legendary student
+H-GLqhfATSu-01007-00224696-00224791 by the way
+H-GLqhfATSu-01008-00224792-00224887 so um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01009-00224888-00225175 so from a simple sailor's mind john what
+H-GLqhfATSu-01010-00225176-00225375 advice have you got to the sales in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01011-00225376-00225679 work in the in the room about how they
+H-GLqhfATSu-01012-00225680-00225791 can better
+H-GLqhfATSu-01013-00225792-00226094 understand and better just quickly
+H-GLqhfATSu-01014-00226096-00226310 upload information to themselves is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01015-00226311-00226503 there a is there a really easy resource
+H-GLqhfATSu-01016-00226504-00226710 that they could go to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01017-00226711-00226967 uh no that's a good question um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01018-00226967-00227127 and uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01019-00227128-00227391 look there's so many easy resources now
+H-GLqhfATSu-01020-00227392-00227558 the question is where do you go what do
+H-GLqhfATSu-01021-00227559-00227646 you pick
+H-GLqhfATSu-01022-00227648-00227767 and um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01023-00227767-00227942 i think it's you know it's easy enough
+H-GLqhfATSu-01024-00227944-00228110 to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01025-00228111-00228406 in my case i i follow a lot of news
+H-GLqhfATSu-01026-00228407-00228575 sources i read a lot of journals and i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-01027-00228576-00228734 reading a lot of books and trying to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01028-00228735-00229015 across a range of issues um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01029-00229016-00229263 i think uh you know you're best to pick
+H-GLqhfATSu-01030-00229264-00229446 what i do is i pick a a couple of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01031-00229448-00229663 sources and and this so i pick across
+H-GLqhfATSu-01032-00229664-00229903 the spectrum so i go i i read the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01033-00229904-00230110 australian i read the canberra times i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01034-00230111-00230415 read the guardian i read crikey
+H-GLqhfATSu-01035-00230416-00230534 i read
+H-GLqhfATSu-01036-00230535-00230727 the conversation and i and i actually
+H-GLqhfATSu-01037-00230728-00230894 contribute i write for all of those
+H-GLqhfATSu-01038-00230896-00231239 really on and off occasionally um but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01039-00231240-00231406 you know you're hard-pressed to go past
+H-GLqhfATSu-01040-00231407-00231567 the abc website to be honest that's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01041-00231567-00231782 pretty good uh and the channel nine ones
+H-GLqhfATSu-01042-00231783-00232006 are good too you know this pick one and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01043-00232007-00232127 follow it and then when you find
+H-GLqhfATSu-01044-00232128-00232382 something controversial then check it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01045-00232383-00232510 but don't just swallow what you're
+H-GLqhfATSu-01046-00232511-00232663 reading first time always if there's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01047-00232664-00232751 something
+H-GLqhfATSu-01048-00232752-00233055 that looks odd chances are it is odd
+H-GLqhfATSu-01049-00233056-00233294 and double check what i teach i teach a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01050-00233296-00233479 course called honeypots and overcoats
+H-GLqhfATSu-01051-00233480-00233694 australian intelligence in the world and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01052-00233696-00233815 one of the key things i tell the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01053-00233816-00233951 students is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01054-00233952-00234094 check the source
+H-GLqhfATSu-01055-00234096-00234263 check corroborate right look for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01056-00234264-00234455 corroboration how accurate and how
+H-GLqhfATSu-01057-00234456-00234687 reliable is the source so they're the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01058-00234688-00234879 two judgments and it's from the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01059-00234880-00235127 old-fashioned admiralty rating scale
+H-GLqhfATSu-01060-00235128-00235310 right that the royal navy developed a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01061-00235311-00235519 long time time ago but it's still very
+H-GLqhfATSu-01062-00235519-00235742 very applicable how accurate and how
+H-GLqhfATSu-01063-00235744-00235975 reliable is that report you're reading
+H-GLqhfATSu-01064-00235976-00236271 so what's the source and often it'll be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01065-00236271-00236494 quite often if you see something
+H-GLqhfATSu-01066-00236496-00236694 maybe just be a copy from some other
+H-GLqhfATSu-01067-00236696-00236855 news source so check the source check
+H-GLqhfATSu-01068-00236856-00237039 the footnotes check the you know where
+H-GLqhfATSu-01069-00237040-00237255 is it from um check the byline and then
+H-GLqhfATSu-01070-00237256-00237423 look if it is controversial look to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01071-00237423-00237591 corroborate it you know check check to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01072-00237592-00237767 see if there's another source out there
+H-GLqhfATSu-01073-00237767-00237982 that speaks to to that story because
+H-GLqhfATSu-01074-00237983-00238198 quite often and in this day and age we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01075-00238200-00238446 are dealing with a lot of misinformation
+H-GLqhfATSu-01076-00238448-00238646 and disinformation
+H-GLqhfATSu-01077-00238648-00238823 misinformation is just not accurate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01078-00238823-00239071 stuff disinformation is accurate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01079-00239071-00239279 actively trying to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01080-00239280-00239519 mislead okay and there's a lot of that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01081-00239519-00239655 out there at the moment
+H-GLqhfATSu-01082-00239656-00239982 so judicious uh reflection on what
+H-GLqhfATSu-01083-00239983-00240231 you're reading uh i just noticed we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-01084-00240232-00240415 got a singaporean officer here in front
+H-GLqhfATSu-01085-00240416-00240671 of me at straits time's good too
+H-GLqhfATSu-01086-00240671-00240879 my channel news asia is also pretty good
+H-GLqhfATSu-01087-00240880-00241175 too and i i use that i comment on it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01088-00241176-00241446 occasionally as well um so that's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01089-00241448-00241646 probably a long-winded answer but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01090-00241648-00241871 hopefully not too bad thanks deb
+H-GLqhfATSu-01091-00241871-00241958 thanks
+H-GLqhfATSu-01092-00241959-00242079 i think we've got a question in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01093-00242080-00242282 middle of the room there thank you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01094-00242283-00242494 sir thanks
+H-GLqhfATSu-01095-00242496-00242742 thanks for uh your presentation john um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01096-00242744-00242934 lieutenant ben hoffman currently posted
+H-GLqhfATSu-01097-00242935-00243191 a fleet legal you mentioned uh or
+H-GLqhfATSu-01098-00243192-00243367 suggests that australia should consider
+H-GLqhfATSu-01099-00243367-00243630 re-engagement with uh in the antarctic
+H-GLqhfATSu-01100-00243631-00243871 region how do you envisage that playing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01101-00243871-00244158 out before 2048
+H-GLqhfATSu-01102-00244159-00244391 and then potentially after that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01103-00244392-00244582 timeline
+H-GLqhfATSu-01104-00244583-00244806 yeah so we've got a very light footprint
+H-GLqhfATSu-01105-00244807-00244991 in antarctica we've talked about
+H-GLqhfATSu-01106-00244992-00245158 building a runway we've backed off i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01107-00245159-00245294 don't think we should have
+H-GLqhfATSu-01108-00245296-00245446 we've got one ship that can go down
+H-GLqhfATSu-01109-00245448-00245630 there i think we should have multiples i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01110-00245631-00245806 think our presence should be much more
+H-GLqhfATSu-01111-00245807-00245942 substantial
+H-GLqhfATSu-01112-00245944-00246087 and we should not take the chinese
+H-GLqhfATSu-01113-00246088-00246294 presence for granted it is there
+H-GLqhfATSu-01114-00246296-00246487 it is they are pushing the bounds in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01115-00246488-00246646 terms of what they're trying to set
+H-GLqhfATSu-01116-00246648-00246871 precedence for what's acceptable
+H-GLqhfATSu-01117-00246871-00247158 uh by pushing the terms and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01118-00247159-00247391 seeking to establish precedence that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01119-00247392-00247615 will give them a stronger position
+H-GLqhfATSu-01120-00247616-00247863 bargaining position into the future
+H-GLqhfATSu-01121-00247864-00248055 and what we have at the moment
+H-GLqhfATSu-01122-00248056-00248182 in my opinion
+H-GLqhfATSu-01123-00248183-00248382 is we've got people engaged on antarctic
+H-GLqhfATSu-01124-00248383-00248582 studies that are tend to be scientists
+H-GLqhfATSu-01125-00248583-00248871 not and some lawyers but they're
+H-GLqhfATSu-01126-00248871-00249103 not strategists uh they're not people
+H-GLqhfATSu-01127-00249104-00249294 who've got a hard-nosed real politic
+H-GLqhfATSu-01128-00249296-00249463 calculation of what he's actually
+H-GLqhfATSu-01129-00249464-00249582 transpiring
+H-GLqhfATSu-01130-00249583-00249815 and we need all three
+H-GLqhfATSu-01131-00249816-00249982 and environmentalists of course
+H-GLqhfATSu-01132-00249983-00250103 scientists essentially is what i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-01133-00250104-00250239 talking about scientists lawyers and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01134-00250240-00250519 strategists yeah thanks
+H-GLqhfATSu-01135-00250519-00250655 we've got a couple of questions over
+H-GLqhfATSu-01136-00250656-00250806 here we might go to the further back one
+H-GLqhfATSu-01137-00250807-00251055 please thanks
+H-GLqhfATSu-01138-00251056-00251223 thanks later
+H-GLqhfATSu-01139-00251223-00251398 uh good morning sir
+H-GLqhfATSu-01140-00251400-00251575 just a quick question you mentioned that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01141-00251576-00251879 we need a political and society uh wake
+H-GLqhfATSu-01142-00251880-00251958 up
+H-GLqhfATSu-01143-00251959-00252151 noting that in the past we have seen a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01144-00252152-00252398 fall off of australia's industrial
+H-GLqhfATSu-01145-00252400-00252542 military complex
+H-GLqhfATSu-01146-00252544-00252703 and now rebuild
+H-GLqhfATSu-01147-00252704-00252846 how do we ensure that we don't have that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01148-00252848-00253094 fall off yet again in as you say 50
+H-GLqhfATSu-01149-00253096-00253263 years down the track
+H-GLqhfATSu-01150-00253264-00253463 yeah thank you so
+H-GLqhfATSu-01151-00253464-00253751 it's heartening to see at the moment um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01152-00253752-00253894 and it's you know in the conference
+H-GLqhfATSu-01153-00253896-00254030 floor next door
+H-GLqhfATSu-01154-00254031-00254206 uh quite a lot of small to medium
+H-GLqhfATSu-01155-00254207-00254382 enterprises australian enterprises being
+H-GLqhfATSu-01156-00254383-00254510 represented i've been to a couple of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01157-00254511-00254687 these kind of shows before an army one
+H-GLqhfATSu-01158-00254688-00254919 and an air force one and it's been
+H-GLqhfATSu-01159-00254919-00255182 really great to see a fresh investment
+H-GLqhfATSu-01160-00255183-00255351 in those uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01161-00255352-00255567 indeed you know locally developed ideas
+H-GLqhfATSu-01162-00255567-00255703 because there's a lot of good ideas
+H-GLqhfATSu-01163-00255704-00255806 around there
+H-GLqhfATSu-01164-00255807-00255998 uh and there's some great work that the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01165-00256000-00256175 what they call the primes are doing as
+H-GLqhfATSu-01166-00256176-00256263 well
+H-GLqhfATSu-01167-00256264-00256439 so it's a fine balance between working
+H-GLqhfATSu-01168-00256440-00256655 with the primes collaborating with them
+H-GLqhfATSu-01169-00256656-00256839 and capitalizing on the the great you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01170-00256840-00256975 know the industrial strength of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01171-00256976-00257198 allies and the in in technological edge
+H-GLqhfATSu-01172-00257200-00257527 they've got and the innovation and uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01173-00257528-00257910 now and uh flexibility of the homegrown
+H-GLqhfATSu-01174-00257911-00258151 australian small to medium enterprises
+H-GLqhfATSu-01175-00258152-00258375 so hopefully i mean this is really about
+H-GLqhfATSu-01176-00258376-00258534 government policy setting the right
+H-GLqhfATSu-01177-00258535-00258710 framework for that to happen
+H-GLqhfATSu-01178-00258711-00258903 and uh and hopefully that's something we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01179-00258904-00259046 can see happen with a degree of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01180-00259048-00259230 consistency that's been lacking in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01181-00259231-00259382 last 20 years
+H-GLqhfATSu-01182-00259383-00259582 thank you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01183-00259583-00259758 and i think we had one a question from
+H-GLqhfATSu-01184-00259759-00259942 another john please
+H-GLqhfATSu-01185-00259944-00260094 good morning john john blackstone from
+H-GLqhfATSu-01186-00260096-00260334 hmas penguin this is a little bit of a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01187-00260335-00260494 long-winded question but it relates to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01188-00260496-00260655 your comments about
+H-GLqhfATSu-01189-00260656-00260839 the introspection of the american
+H-GLqhfATSu-01190-00260840-00261055 government and the previous president
+H-GLqhfATSu-01191-00261056-00261303 plus our complacency of our leadership
+H-GLqhfATSu-01192-00261304-00261567 at the moment how do we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01193-00261567-00261767 and the think tanks encourage the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01194-00261767-00261975 government to get over this complacency
+H-GLqhfATSu-01195-00261976-00262103 and actually be more engaging
+H-GLqhfATSu-01196-00262104-00262215 considering
+H-GLqhfATSu-01197-00262216-00262455 that we've had many unexpected surprises
+H-GLqhfATSu-01198-00262456-00262695 in the last six or seven years including
+H-GLqhfATSu-01199-00262696-00262855 the election of trump
+H-GLqhfATSu-01200-00262856-00263023 there is the possibility he could be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01201-00263024-00263287 re-elected again so these are unexpected
+H-GLqhfATSu-01202-00263288-00263599 things that we really didn't plan for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01203-00263600-00263895 yeah no thank you so um i think
+H-GLqhfATSu-01204-00263896-00264039 part of it is actually happening
+H-GLqhfATSu-01205-00264040-00264158 gradually
+H-GLqhfATSu-01206-00264159-00264375 and one of the reasons why i'm delighted
+H-GLqhfATSu-01207-00264376-00264543 to speak to the geostrategic swot
+H-GLqhfATSu-01208-00264544-00264815 analysis with you this morning is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01209-00264816-00264999 because of the advocacy work i'm doing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01210-00265000-00265230 in trying to raise awareness of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01211-00265231-00265439 the fact that what we're facing is not
+H-GLqhfATSu-01212-00265440-00265719 what we faced before it is a much more
+H-GLqhfATSu-01213-00265720-00265958 complicated problem it's a much more
+H-GLqhfATSu-01214-00265959-00266143 multifaceted problem
+H-GLqhfATSu-01215-00266144-00266423 and it's a much more long long standing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01216-00266424-00266695 uh challenge it's not just about the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01217-00266696-00266951 next electoral cycle it's not just about
+H-GLqhfATSu-01218-00266952-00267206 the 24 7 news cycle it's about the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01219-00267207-00267399 prospects intergenerationally for where
+H-GLqhfATSu-01220-00267400-00267623 we position ourselves for the future
+H-GLqhfATSu-01221-00267624-00267823 reconciling as i talked about before our
+H-GLqhfATSu-01222-00267824-00268039 history with our geography and you know
+H-GLqhfATSu-01223-00268040-00268191 people it's very interesting that kind
+H-GLqhfATSu-01224-00268192-00268391 of where we go on this discussion
+H-GLqhfATSu-01225-00268392-00268495 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01226-00268496-00268791 you get people lambasting orcas and the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01227-00268792-00268887 quad
+H-GLqhfATSu-01228-00268888-00269103 and australia's connection with the five
+H-GLqhfATSu-01229-00269104-00269375 eyes you know look let's be real here
+H-GLqhfATSu-01230-00269376-00269615 folks we are part of the anglosphere
+H-GLqhfATSu-01231-00269616-00269815 you can't pretend we're not
+H-GLqhfATSu-01232-00269816-00269934 to say that you're not part of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01233-00269935-00270151 english sphere is just to not deny
+H-GLqhfATSu-01234-00270152-00270479 your dna it's ridiculous we are who we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01235-00270480-00270863 are but we are so we are where we are
+H-GLqhfATSu-01236-00270864-00271087 and with the change of as i mentioned
+H-GLqhfATSu-01237-00271088-00271247 with australia since the white australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01238-00271248-00271527 policy was abandoned 55 years ago we are
+H-GLqhfATSu-01239-00271528-00271830 a more multicultural society we are more
+H-GLqhfATSu-01240-00271831-00272023 inviting of people from southeast asia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01241-00272024-00272319 and the pacific into our into our
+H-GLqhfATSu-01242-00272320-00272455 society
+H-GLqhfATSu-01243-00272456-00272630 and it's great to see you know and i've
+H-GLqhfATSu-01244-00272631-00272871 increasingly seen this even at the tail
+H-GLqhfATSu-01245-00272872-00273039 end of my service i was seeing people
+H-GLqhfATSu-01246-00273040-00273247 from southeast asia in the pacific
+H-GLqhfATSu-01247-00273248-00273503 who are in uniform working alongside me
+H-GLqhfATSu-01248-00273504-00273630 and my colleagues
+H-GLqhfATSu-01249-00273631-00273879 really great to see and hopefully more
+H-GLqhfATSu-01250-00273880-00274063 of that is going to come but that is i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01251-00274064-00274206 think the way of the future we need to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01252-00274207-00274447 be thinking about how we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01253-00274448-00274679 you know not try and do one or the other
+H-GLqhfATSu-01254-00274680-00275030 it's not a binary it's actually a fusion
+H-GLqhfATSu-01255-00275031-00275263 it's about recognizing the strengths of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01256-00275264-00275534 our anglo-european roots
+H-GLqhfATSu-01257-00275535-00275734 and of which which is actually one of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01258-00275735-00275871 the things that attracts many students
+H-GLqhfATSu-01259-00275872-00276055 so at the annual we have thousands of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01260-00276056-00276295 students from southeast asia south asia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01261-00276296-00276703 and east asia come to study at anu why
+H-GLqhfATSu-01262-00276704-00276863 what is it well it's partly because we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01263-00276864-00276991 teach in english
+H-GLqhfATSu-01264-00276992-00277215 but also because it's rigorous
+H-GLqhfATSu-01265-00277216-00277423 and it's it's world world-class
+H-GLqhfATSu-01266-00277424-00277630 um and that's not to be sneezed at so we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01267-00277631-00277823 don't want we don't want to dilute that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01268-00277824-00278047 that is actually a strength that is one
+H-GLqhfATSu-01269-00278048-00278215 of the most attractive features of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01270-00278216-00278430 australia i would contend
+H-GLqhfATSu-01271-00278431-00278639 but along with that is a recognition and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01272-00278640-00278975 a respect for the cultures
+H-GLqhfATSu-01273-00278976-00279167 for the contributions
+H-GLqhfATSu-01274-00279168-00279430 of minorities in and amongst us from
+H-GLqhfATSu-01275-00279431-00279623 south east asia and beyond and from the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01276-00279624-00279830 pacific and beyond
+H-GLqhfATSu-01277-00279831-00279975 and i think that's the way of the future
+H-GLqhfATSu-01278-00279976-00280206 and hopefully we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-01279-00280207-00280375 increased recognition in our political
+H-GLqhfATSu-01280-00280376-00280582 class that that's the way it's got to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01281-00280583-00280806 we can't just play the short-term
+H-GLqhfATSu-01282-00280807-00280975 political gamesmanship
+H-GLqhfATSu-01283-00280976-00281151 thanks
+H-GLqhfATSu-01284-00281152-00281271 i think we had a question over here
+H-GLqhfATSu-01285-00281272-00281487 please yeah g'day john uh guy blackburn
+H-GLqhfATSu-01286-00281488-00281599 good to see you last night at the coral
+H-GLqhfATSu-01287-00281600-00281775 sea commemoration as well thank you um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01288-00281776-00282030 thanks for the analysis um i'm the navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-01289-00282031-00282310 workforce planner or i'm one of them
+H-GLqhfATSu-01290-00282311-00282430 and i've listened to a lot of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01291-00282431-00282582 plenaries and what it comes down to is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01292-00282583-00282710 people yeah
+H-GLqhfATSu-01293-00282711-00282847 we can have all the technology in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01294-00282848-00283006 world but if we haven't got smart people
+H-GLqhfATSu-01295-00283007-00283103 then it's going to make it very
+H-GLqhfATSu-01296-00283104-00283375 difficult um and defense can't be in a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01297-00283376-00283575 contest with industry for smart people
+H-GLqhfATSu-01298-00283576-00283758 because we can't win because of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01299-00283759-00283927 legislative boundaries that we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-01300-00283928-00284079 around it i'm going to challenge one of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01301-00284080-00284191 your strengths up there where you said
+H-GLqhfATSu-01302-00284192-00284406 we've got an educated population yeah
+H-GLqhfATSu-01303-00284407-00284591 we've slipped in oecd rankings for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01304-00284592-00284719 education
+H-GLqhfATSu-01305-00284720-00284871 and what we're seeing is an increasing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01306-00284872-00285071 requirement of stem and less
+H-GLqhfATSu-01307-00285072-00285310 engagement in stem discipline
+H-GLqhfATSu-01308-00285311-00285454 there are other countries in the region
+H-GLqhfATSu-01309-00285455-00285606 that are represented here like singapore
+H-GLqhfATSu-01310-00285607-00285830 that have invested heavily in education
+H-GLqhfATSu-01311-00285831-00286110 what what do you think we need to do um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01312-00286111-00286382 to turn education more into a strength
+H-GLqhfATSu-01313-00286383-00286567 um so that we don't get into that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01314-00286568-00286815 competition uh with industry where quite
+H-GLqhfATSu-01315-00286816-00287103 frankly we won't win yeah no it's a good
+H-GLqhfATSu-01316-00287104-00287343 question um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01317-00287344-00287519 look i think there's been interesting
+H-GLqhfATSu-01318-00287520-00287727 during the political campaigning of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01319-00287728-00287934 last few weeks some talk about education
+H-GLqhfATSu-01320-00287935-00288054 and recognition of some of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01321-00288055-00288223 limitations of where we've gone we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-01322-00288224-00288358 been pouring a lot of money into
+H-GLqhfATSu-01323-00288359-00288591 education but our ranking hasn't gone up
+H-GLqhfATSu-01324-00288592-00288879 it's been in buildings and kind of soft
+H-GLqhfATSu-01325-00288880-00289191 soft programs that are not foundational
+H-GLqhfATSu-01326-00289192-00289327 and that's i think increasingly a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01327-00289328-00289534 recognition that you do actually need
+H-GLqhfATSu-01328-00289535-00289734 foundational skills to be better
+H-GLqhfATSu-01329-00289735-00290015 resourced but also championed better uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01330-00290016-00290206 we have not been i think you know and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01331-00290207-00290503 i'm look this is on edges of my i don't
+H-GLqhfATSu-01332-00290504-00290671 claim to be an expert in this area but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01333-00290672-00290895 in my anecdotal sense of what's going on
+H-GLqhfATSu-01334-00290896-00291110 being in the in the in the ivory tower
+H-GLqhfATSu-01335-00291111-00291319 if you like in academia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01336-00291320-00291671 is that we have not valued enough
+H-GLqhfATSu-01337-00291672-00292006 science and maths teachers we have not
+H-GLqhfATSu-01338-00292007-00292223 remunerated them appropriately and we've
+H-GLqhfATSu-01339-00292224-00292430 not made the job attractive enough so we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01340-00292431-00292823 actually have problems in schools where
+H-GLqhfATSu-01341-00292824-00292967 you know we've tried to empower the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01342-00292968-00293151 students but in empowering the students
+H-GLqhfATSu-01343-00293152-00293375 we've actually disempowered the teachers
+H-GLqhfATSu-01344-00293376-00293582 and that's i think generated all sorts
+H-GLqhfATSu-01345-00293583-00293839 of educational and disciplinary problems
+H-GLqhfATSu-01346-00293840-00293951 in schools
+H-GLqhfATSu-01347-00293952-00294106 that is actually
+H-GLqhfATSu-01348-00294107-00294391 counter-intuitively quite harmful i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01349-00294392-00294567 think so we have a number of problems
+H-GLqhfATSu-01350-00294568-00294751 there that need to be addressed but just
+H-GLqhfATSu-01351-00294752-00294879 on the can i go to the workforce
+H-GLqhfATSu-01352-00294880-00295047 planning stuff and i touched on osnix
+H-GLqhfATSu-01353-00295048-00295182 and i've got a piece coming out in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01354-00295183-00295367 policy forum today
+H-GLqhfATSu-01355-00295368-00295575 with the crawford school at anu a blog
+H-GLqhfATSu-01356-00295576-00295791 piece on what i'm calling osnix the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01357-00295792-00295967 australian universal scheme for national
+H-GLqhfATSu-01358-00295968-00296143 and community service
+H-GLqhfATSu-01359-00296144-00296279 so what we've seen over the last couple
+H-GLqhfATSu-01360-00296280-00296430 of years with the fires and the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01361-00296431-00296654 the floods the plagues the pandemics and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01362-00296655-00296775 so on
+H-GLqhfATSu-01363-00296776-00296879 is that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01364-00296880-00297119 the tempo and the scale the severity of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01365-00297120-00297303 these challenges seems to be on the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01366-00297304-00297415 increase
+H-GLqhfATSu-01367-00297416-00297606 and the volunteer ethos of the rural
+H-GLqhfATSu-01368-00297607-00297854 fire service and the ses
+H-GLqhfATSu-01369-00297855-00298054 which has served us well so far i think
+H-GLqhfATSu-01370-00298055-00298175 is not going to serve us well into the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01371-00298176-00298271 future
+H-GLqhfATSu-01372-00298272-00298406 and that's why i think we need to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01373-00298407-00298623 actually double down on a scheme now
+H-GLqhfATSu-01374-00298624-00298854 every and i talked to actually the chief
+H-GLqhfATSu-01375-00298855-00299039 of navy a little while ago when i first
+H-GLqhfATSu-01376-00299040-00299247 came up with this idea and he said to me
+H-GLqhfATSu-01377-00299248-00299406 quite rightly john i don't need that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01378-00299407-00299599 many extra sailors i just need a few
+H-GLqhfATSu-01379-00299600-00299903 more um and i and i i would contend look
+H-GLqhfATSu-01380-00299904-00300063 i think we do need more than just a few
+H-GLqhfATSu-01381-00300064-00300239 more if we need because we need to get
+H-GLqhfATSu-01382-00300240-00300406 out of the mindset of just a middle
+H-GLqhfATSu-01383-00300407-00300558 power
+H-GLqhfATSu-01384-00300559-00300830 navy for the unipolar moment we need a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01385-00300831-00301030 more muscular
+H-GLqhfATSu-01386-00301031-00301247 quantitatively and qualitatively
+H-GLqhfATSu-01387-00301248-00301582 improved navy um and and and defense
+H-GLqhfATSu-01388-00301583-00301830 force writ large ses and rfs and police
+H-GLqhfATSu-01389-00301831-00302006 as well the thing all of these things
+H-GLqhfATSu-01390-00302007-00302182 need more right we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-01391-00302183-00302358 underemployment at the moment we've got
+H-GLqhfATSu-01392-00302359-00302599 a lot of people who've been on on a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01393-00302600-00302806 variety of government schemes
+H-GLqhfATSu-01394-00302807-00302999 i i think we should be looking to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01395-00303000-00303239 provide an incentivized but voluntary
+H-GLqhfATSu-01396-00303240-00303479 scheme where you where you give
+H-GLqhfATSu-01397-00303480-00303751 reward and recognition so you remunerate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01398-00303752-00303991 you provide in incentives for soft loans
+H-GLqhfATSu-01399-00303992-00304199 for business or concessions on higher
+H-GLqhfATSu-01400-00304200-00304375 education for people to do one or two
+H-GLqhfATSu-01401-00304376-00304471 years
+H-GLqhfATSu-01402-00304472-00304743 in a ready reserve like scheme okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-01403-00304744-00304975 where we bolster our numbers
+H-GLqhfATSu-01404-00304976-00305119 now people have said ah john that's too
+H-GLqhfATSu-01405-00305120-00305343 hard to manage it's kind of problematic
+H-GLqhfATSu-01406-00305344-00305495 look
+H-GLqhfATSu-01407-00305496-00305703 we can't sit still
+H-GLqhfATSu-01408-00305704-00306039 we have to change we have to grow
+H-GLqhfATSu-01409-00306040-00306334 we and we have the resources we have the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01410-00306335-00306582 way ways to do it we just need the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01411-00306583-00306823 political will to implement this program
+H-GLqhfATSu-01412-00306824-00306991 now there's pushback because of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01413-00306992-00307175 legacy of conscription in the vietnam
+H-GLqhfATSu-01414-00307176-00307406 war era it's politically contentious
+H-GLqhfATSu-01415-00307407-00307623 which is why i'm suggesting we need an
+H-GLqhfATSu-01416-00307624-00307903 incentivized voluntary scheme so make it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01417-00307904-00308095 so that it's kind of an expectation that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01418-00308096-00308287 when you finish school you spend a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01419-00308288-00308406 couple of years
+H-GLqhfATSu-01420-00308407-00308703 in doing national and or community
+H-GLqhfATSu-01421-00308704-00308830 service
+H-GLqhfATSu-01422-00308831-00309006 and we don't see it as an exception and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01423-00309007-00309230 you people are exceptional people but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01424-00309231-00309463 you're a small fraction of australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-01425-00309464-00309582 society
+H-GLqhfATSu-01426-00309583-00309710 this should be you should be a bigger
+H-GLqhfATSu-01427-00309711-00309919 fraction of australian society and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01428-00309920-00310167 people say oh you know john this we know
+H-GLqhfATSu-01429-00310168-00310327 very little uh unemployment at the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01430-00310328-00310527 moment look there's a lot of under
+H-GLqhfATSu-01431-00310528-00310782 employment at the moment i would contend
+H-GLqhfATSu-01432-00310783-00311006 and if we need a visionary scheme it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01433-00311007-00311151 got to be bigger than the navy it's got
+H-GLqhfATSu-01434-00311152-00311375 to be led by the senior leadership of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01435-00311376-00311567 the government which is why i look i've
+H-GLqhfATSu-01436-00311568-00311710 been hitting up both sides of politics
+H-GLqhfATSu-01437-00311711-00311910 with this idea i'm hoping it will get
+H-GLqhfATSu-01438-00311911-00312110 traction and that it will trickle down
+H-GLqhfATSu-01439-00312111-00312343 it with benefits to navy whereby you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01440-00312344-00312510 guys are
+H-GLqhfATSu-01441-00312511-00312806 resourced better and you guys who are
+H-GLqhfATSu-01442-00312807-00313143 junior sailors are motivated to stay on
+H-GLqhfATSu-01443-00313144-00313399 uh and you are recognized for the skills
+H-GLqhfATSu-01444-00313400-00313599 and the credentials that you acquire
+H-GLqhfATSu-01445-00313600-00313839 accrue while you're in service and that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01446-00313840-00313975 you have a contribution to bank in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01447-00313976-00314191 service and beyond service thanks very
+H-GLqhfATSu-01448-00314192-00314423 much thanks guy
+H-GLqhfATSu-01449-00314424-00314663 uh one over here please
+H-GLqhfATSu-01450-00314664-00314854 thanks sir uh leading tim and beams from
+H-GLqhfATSu-01451-00314855-00315079 the school of maritime warfare um i've
+H-GLqhfATSu-01452-00315080-00315247 just got to i thought you swatted alan
+H-GLqhfATSu-01453-00315248-00315454 analysis sorry was excellent um two
+H-GLqhfATSu-01454-00315455-00315654 things i got from that was uh the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01455-00315655-00315806 environment and then also community
+H-GLqhfATSu-01456-00315807-00316023 spirit if you sort of mentioned just
+H-GLqhfATSu-01457-00316024-00316206 recently about um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01458-00316207-00316415 you know like national like volunteering
+H-GLqhfATSu-01459-00316416-00316575 and all that kind of stuff but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01460-00316576-00316734 hypothetically if the defence force is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01461-00316735-00316934 away on a deployment or there was a war
+H-GLqhfATSu-01462-00316935-00317167 god forbid um do you think there would
+H-GLqhfATSu-01463-00317168-00317399 be need for a home guard to respond to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01464-00317400-00317519 disasters
+H-GLqhfATSu-01465-00317520-00317671 and national events do you think that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01466-00317672-00317879 would be a paid service outside say the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01467-00317880-00318071 ses there's a lot of people here you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01468-00318072-00318239 know we've done the flood assist
+H-GLqhfATSu-01469-00318240-00318382 bushfire assist do you think there'll be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01470-00318383-00318519 a need for a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01471-00318520-00318743 specialised department for that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01472-00318744-00318815 so
+H-GLqhfATSu-01473-00318816-00319087 yeah great question thank you um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01474-00319088-00319282 i think what there is is a need for a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01475-00319283-00319543 specialized instrumentality
+H-GLqhfATSu-01476-00319544-00319671 to coordinate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01477-00319672-00319903 state and federal government initiatives
+H-GLqhfATSu-01478-00319904-00320039 problem is that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01479-00320040-00320254 in a federation like australia you know
+H-GLqhfATSu-01480-00320255-00320415 it's different to new zealand new
+H-GLqhfATSu-01481-00320416-00320606 zealand's a unitary state with one house
+H-GLqhfATSu-01482-00320607-00320719 of parliament
+H-GLqhfATSu-01483-00320720-00320871 australia has a in the federal
+H-GLqhfATSu-01484-00320872-00321063 government we have a lower house and an
+H-GLqhfATSu-01485-00321064-00321319 upper house house of reps in the senate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01486-00321320-00321591 and then we have eight other governments
+H-GLqhfATSu-01487-00321592-00321830 often with a lower and upper house some
+H-GLqhfATSu-01488-00321831-00321991 not some don't like queensland's just
+H-GLqhfATSu-01489-00321992-00322143 unicameral
+H-GLqhfATSu-01490-00322144-00322375 but that's eight other premiers
+H-GLqhfATSu-01491-00322376-00322534 and opposition leaders there's eight
+H-GLqhfATSu-01492-00322535-00322751 other political systems to take into
+H-GLqhfATSu-01493-00322752-00322982 consideration when negotiating it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01494-00322983-00323110 bloody hard
+H-GLqhfATSu-01495-00323111-00323319 pulling it together you know so when you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01496-00323320-00323503 i mean i'm i don't want to defend scott
+H-GLqhfATSu-01497-00323504-00323623 morrison here but when you compare
+H-GLqhfATSu-01498-00323624-00323863 jacinda dern to scott morrison scott
+H-GLqhfATSu-01499-00323864-00324063 morrison's job is a lot harder
+H-GLqhfATSu-01500-00324064-00324223 a lot harder
+H-GLqhfATSu-01501-00324224-00324415 he's got two houses of parliament which
+H-GLqhfATSu-01502-00324416-00324630 he barely controls and he's got eight
+H-GLqhfATSu-01503-00324631-00324719 other
+H-GLqhfATSu-01504-00324720-00324927 centers of political power all with
+H-GLqhfATSu-01505-00324928-00325151 monstrous egos okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-01506-00325152-00325351 how do you manage that are very very
+H-GLqhfATSu-01507-00325352-00325751 difficult um so it is a challenge um and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01508-00325752-00325863 so i don't know if i've answered your
+H-GLqhfATSu-01509-00325864-00325991 question
+H-GLqhfATSu-01510-00325992-00326191 but it's complicated and and i think
+H-GLqhfATSu-01511-00326192-00326463 what we need is a instrumentality i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01512-00326464-00326654 think probably coordinated at the prime
+H-GLqhfATSu-01513-00326655-00326967 minister and cabinet level a national
+H-GLqhfATSu-01514-00326968-00327206 and community service coordinator
+H-GLqhfATSu-01515-00327207-00327439 to actually make sure that we come up
+H-GLqhfATSu-01516-00327440-00327630 with a plan so that the states are
+H-GLqhfATSu-01517-00327631-00327839 resourced part of the issue here is that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01518-00327840-00328023 federal government has one lever it can
+H-GLqhfATSu-01519-00328024-00328287 pull and that's the adf right it and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01520-00328288-00328471 it's a very obvious one you pull the adf
+H-GLqhfATSu-01521-00328472-00328767 lever you get adf people on the streets
+H-GLqhfATSu-01522-00328768-00328958 and you get news coverage you're on the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01523-00328959-00329191 you know the headline news right
+H-GLqhfATSu-01524-00329192-00329375 if you resource
+H-GLqhfATSu-01525-00329376-00329599 the state-based bodies the state police
+H-GLqhfATSu-01526-00329600-00330030 rural fire service ses ambos etc
+H-GLqhfATSu-01527-00330031-00330175 well the federal government doesn't get
+H-GLqhfATSu-01528-00330176-00330358 much kudos out of that so we've got to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01529-00330359-00330495 find a way
+H-GLqhfATSu-01530-00330496-00330847 that compensates for that felt absence
+H-GLqhfATSu-01531-00330848-00331087 or the felt need for political relevance
+H-GLqhfATSu-01532-00331088-00331319 there to make these bodies work and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01533-00331320-00331543 saw my sense is let's not reinvent the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01534-00331544-00331775 wheel let's not make it something new
+H-GLqhfATSu-01535-00331776-00332006 let's have a coordinating body that then
+H-GLqhfATSu-01536-00332007-00332399 resources these properly ses rfs
+H-GLqhfATSu-01537-00332400-00332575 national parks and wildlife on the off
+H-GLqhfATSu-01538-00332576-00332727 months
+H-GLqhfATSu-01539-00332728-00332934 as i say ambulance services and then
+H-GLqhfATSu-01540-00332935-00333134 train people up in this space look
+H-GLqhfATSu-01541-00333135-00333327 there's a lot of i'm mindful also
+H-GLqhfATSu-01542-00333328-00333503 there's a lot of veterans out there who
+H-GLqhfATSu-01543-00333504-00333727 are very skilled not just in the defence
+H-GLqhfATSu-01544-00333728-00333927 force but in these other agencies who
+H-GLqhfATSu-01545-00333928-00334223 could be drawn back in to help mentor
+H-GLqhfATSu-01546-00334224-00334575 and coordinate and train in this space
+H-GLqhfATSu-01547-00334576-00334799 but we do need to think imaginatively
+H-GLqhfATSu-01548-00334800-00335039 and we need to think big
+H-GLqhfATSu-01549-00335040-00335223 thanks
+H-GLqhfATSu-01550-00335224-00335367 yeah that's a good point john and just
+H-GLqhfATSu-01551-00335368-00335567 for the room chief of navy says quite
+H-GLqhfATSu-01552-00335568-00335767 often um the new south wales police
+H-GLqhfATSu-01553-00335768-00336023 force is just over 16 000 people and as
+H-GLqhfATSu-01554-00336024-00336167 you know we're just over fifteen
+H-GLqhfATSu-01555-00336168-00336343 thousand seven hundred so when you put
+H-GLqhfATSu-01556-00336344-00336503 context around that it makes us sound
+H-GLqhfATSu-01557-00336504-00336654 pretty small so thank you for pointing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01558-00336655-00336782 that out i think we've got a question
+H-GLqhfATSu-01559-00336783-00336943 over here please
+H-GLqhfATSu-01560-00336944-00337095 good morning sir lieutenant casey from
+H-GLqhfATSu-01561-00337096-00337287 patrol boat group darwin i just wanted
+H-GLqhfATSu-01562-00337288-00337510 to ask about your views on the human
+H-GLqhfATSu-01563-00337511-00337743 divine of warfare in particular as
+H-GLqhfATSu-01564-00337744-00337903 social media and the part that will play
+H-GLqhfATSu-01565-00337904-00338078 in future
+H-GLqhfATSu-01566-00338079-00338310 reflecting on the current war in ukraine
+H-GLqhfATSu-01567-00338311-00338567 and how social media has played a role
+H-GLqhfATSu-01568-00338568-00338767 there do you think social media will be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01569-00338768-00338982 a strength of weakness in future uh what
+H-GLqhfATSu-01570-00338983-00339127 are your views
+H-GLqhfATSu-01571-00339128-00339343 yeah no great question uh look social
+H-GLqhfATSu-01572-00339344-00339606 media is now part of the equation in a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01573-00339607-00339823 way that it wasn't when i went through
+H-GLqhfATSu-01574-00339824-00340158 my training and education uh it's it's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01575-00340159-00340399 it's an instrument of warfare
+H-GLqhfATSu-01576-00340400-00340591 it's part of the suite of information
+H-GLqhfATSu-01577-00340592-00340806 operations capabilities or psychological
+H-GLqhfATSu-01578-00340807-00341006 operations if you like and i mentioned
+H-GLqhfATSu-01579-00341007-00341175 in passing misinformation and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01580-00341176-00341415 disinformation that's very much in that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01581-00341416-00341615 space as well but as i say it's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01582-00341616-00341775 double-edged sword
+H-GLqhfATSu-01583-00341776-00341967 so i think we need we need training in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01584-00341968-00342175 that space about managing our own
+H-GLqhfATSu-01585-00342176-00342375 presence because i think it is important
+H-GLqhfATSu-01586-00342376-00342543 to be there to be monitoring and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01587-00342544-00342719 engaging in this space
+H-GLqhfATSu-01588-00342720-00342934 and not shying away from it i'm a bit
+H-GLqhfATSu-01589-00342935-00343095 wary of the kind of the government's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01590-00343096-00343406 current approach to kind of not allowing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01591-00343407-00343599 anybody to say anything i think we need
+H-GLqhfATSu-01592-00343600-00343806 to be much more proactive rather than
+H-GLqhfATSu-01593-00343807-00343943 reactive
+H-GLqhfATSu-01594-00343944-00344015 and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01595-00344016-00344239 that requires a different mindset to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01596-00344240-00344519 seeing information operations as
+H-GLqhfATSu-01597-00344520-00344695 not just peripheral and a kind of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01598-00344696-00344871 trimming on the side
+H-GLqhfATSu-01599-00344872-00345095 at foundational and as part remember we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01600-00345096-00345310 talked about the domains of warfare
+H-GLqhfATSu-01601-00345311-00345630 briefly uh land air sea
+H-GLqhfATSu-01602-00345631-00345887 space and cyber
+H-GLqhfATSu-01603-00345888-00346143 and that cyber is an informational one
+H-GLqhfATSu-01604-00346144-00346382 in the human the human cyber overlap is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01605-00346383-00346630 a is a informational domain that is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01606-00346631-00346758 actually now
+H-GLqhfATSu-01607-00346759-00346895 fundamental
+H-GLqhfATSu-01608-00346896-00347206 to victory uh and and vladimir vladimir
+H-GLqhfATSu-01609-00347207-00347478 zelinski seems to get that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01610-00347479-00347591 and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01611-00347592-00347767 we need to get that too
+H-GLqhfATSu-01612-00347768-00347903 and certainly
+H-GLqhfATSu-01613-00347904-00348078 the way it's being played out in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01614-00348079-00348295 pacific the way things are happening in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01615-00348296-00348391 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01616-00348392-00348599 in in places like solomon islands it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01617-00348600-00348830 would suggest that we are we're being
+H-GLqhfATSu-01618-00348831-00349015 outplayed it's not just social media but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01619-00349016-00349191 it is in that space too
+H-GLqhfATSu-01620-00349192-00349703 thank you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01621-00349704-00350375 just wait for the mic please back
+H-GLqhfATSu-01622-00350376-00350519 good morning sir and thank you for your
+H-GLqhfATSu-01623-00350520-00350719 insight on today's sword analysis my
+H-GLqhfATSu-01624-00350720-00350982 question is uh with the recent uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01625-00350983-00351191 influence between china and the solomon
+H-GLqhfATSu-01626-00351192-00351415 islands you mentioned that uh new
+H-GLqhfATSu-01627-00351416-00351695 zealand had actually uh worked with
+H-GLqhfATSu-01628-00351696-00351895 the cook islands and things like that to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01629-00351896-00352063 strengthen their relationships within
+H-GLqhfATSu-01630-00352064-00352247 the pacific how do you see our
+H-GLqhfATSu-01631-00352248-00352495 relationships improving in the area and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01632-00352496-00352703 what can we take on the new zealand take
+H-GLqhfATSu-01633-00352704-00352903 to strengthen these ties
+H-GLqhfATSu-01634-00352904-00353110 yeah thank you so
+H-GLqhfATSu-01635-00353111-00353263 uh now
+H-GLqhfATSu-01636-00353264-00353430 whatever we might do
+H-GLqhfATSu-01637-00353431-00353695 in in response in our neighborhood
+H-GLqhfATSu-01638-00353696-00353934 can't be just a carbon copy of what new
+H-GLqhfATSu-01639-00353935-00354119 zealand's done with cook islands and nui
+H-GLqhfATSu-01640-00354120-00354351 it's not appropriate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01641-00354352-00354623 the the islands in the pacific today are
+H-GLqhfATSu-01642-00354624-00354830 proud independent nations
+H-GLqhfATSu-01643-00354831-00354982 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01644-00354983-00355103 uh and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01645-00355104-00355239 so there's a lot we can learn from new
+H-GLqhfATSu-01646-00355240-00355351 zealand and we can we need to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01647-00355352-00355503 respectfully and have a degree of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01648-00355504-00355743 humility in the way we approach this
+H-GLqhfATSu-01649-00355744-00355919 but i think there's a lot to be said for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01650-00355920-00356063 collaborating and this is the idea of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01651-00356064-00356223 the grand compact in the pacific which
+H-GLqhfATSu-01652-00356224-00356375 i've written about in a journal called
+H-GLqhfATSu-01653-00356376-00356558 australian foreign affairs
+H-GLqhfATSu-01654-00356559-00356903 but i've written it in a piece just
+H-GLqhfATSu-01655-00356904-00357191 recently in the diplomat magazine uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01656-00357192-00357375 calling it fear honour and interests
+H-GLqhfATSu-01657-00357376-00357623 it's playing off thucydides uh you know
+H-GLqhfATSu-01658-00357624-00357815 the great ancient greek historian he
+H-GLqhfATSu-01659-00357816-00358023 talked about the peloponnesian war
+H-GLqhfATSu-01660-00358024-00358247 and fear honor and interest were his
+H-GLqhfATSu-01661-00358248-00358415 kind of he his distillation of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01662-00358416-00358654 causes of war why people go to war over
+H-GLqhfATSu-01663-00358655-00358951 fear of a sense of honor or dishonor and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01664-00358952-00359151 over interest protecting their interests
+H-GLqhfATSu-01665-00359152-00359382 or exploiting their interests
+H-GLqhfATSu-01666-00359383-00359575 very interesting kind of distillation
+H-GLqhfATSu-01667-00359576-00359782 and i applied it to the pacific and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01668-00359783-00359975 think what i tried to say there is that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01669-00359976-00360191 we need to see the space we're in as
+H-GLqhfATSu-01670-00360192-00360415 more about competition and contestation
+H-GLqhfATSu-01671-00360416-00360623 and potential conflict so there's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01672-00360624-00360775 spectrum of seas
+H-GLqhfATSu-01673-00360776-00360982 competition cooperation collaboration
+H-GLqhfATSu-01674-00360983-00361287 competition contestation conflict all
+H-GLqhfATSu-01675-00361288-00361606 all happening at the one time okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-01676-00361607-00361823 for the idea of the grand compact uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01677-00361824-00361982 what i'm suggesting is that we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01678-00361983-00362223 respectfully engage with our neighbors
+H-GLqhfATSu-01679-00362224-00362430 and do them a deal now it's got to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01680-00362431-00362551 something that's in a deal that's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01681-00362552-00362695 attractive enough to the australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-01682-00362696-00362910 electorate it won't fly if our
+H-GLqhfATSu-01683-00362911-00363119 politicians don't think it will fly
+H-GLqhfATSu-01684-00363120-00363295 right so it's got to have a domestic
+H-GLqhfATSu-01685-00363296-00363510 australian appeal
+H-GLqhfATSu-01686-00363511-00363758 and so the appeal is that for australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01687-00363759-00363927 we would help manage the exclusive
+H-GLqhfATSu-01688-00363928-00364134 economic zones of these micro states and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01689-00364135-00364278 help with governance
+H-GLqhfATSu-01690-00364279-00364487 we have in australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01691-00364488-00364630 robust
+H-GLqhfATSu-01692-00364631-00364734 audit
+H-GLqhfATSu-01693-00364735-00364895 inspector general
+H-GLqhfATSu-01694-00364896-00365119 judicial oversight
+H-GLqhfATSu-01695-00365120-00365399 functions that enable our democracy to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01696-00365400-00365654 rambunctious as it is to muddle its way
+H-GLqhfATSu-01697-00365655-00365791 through a lot of the smaller states in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01698-00365792-00366006 the pacific are very small
+H-GLqhfATSu-01699-00366007-00366215 and they're they don't have the same
+H-GLqhfATSu-01700-00366216-00366495 audit inspector general and judicial
+H-GLqhfATSu-01701-00366496-00366671 separation of powers
+H-GLqhfATSu-01702-00366672-00366991 that are critical to a vibrant democracy
+H-GLqhfATSu-01703-00366992-00367158 that's under challenged from an
+H-GLqhfATSu-01704-00367159-00367399 authoritarian state okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-01705-00367400-00367551 and what we're seeing is that challenge
+H-GLqhfATSu-01706-00367552-00367854 presenting itself with coercion with
+H-GLqhfATSu-01707-00367855-00368047 financial manipulation
+H-GLqhfATSu-01708-00368048-00368295 with
+H-GLqhfATSu-01709-00368296-00368551 bully boy behavior and um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01710-00368552-00368847 uh underhanded actions so what i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-01711-00368848-00369015 suggesting is that what we need to do is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01712-00369016-00369254 make an offer to the pacific island
+H-GLqhfATSu-01713-00369255-00369358 states
+H-GLqhfATSu-01714-00369359-00369647 that is in their interests so that what
+H-GLqhfATSu-01715-00369648-00369919 i'm suggesting is hey
+H-GLqhfATSu-01716-00369920-00370263 we you we we you we form a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01717-00370264-00370551 compact of the pacific right
+H-GLqhfATSu-01718-00370552-00370799 you get to be you get to have
+H-GLqhfATSu-01719-00370800-00370934 residents rights and a path to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01720-00370935-00371143 citizenship in australia and you get the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01721-00371144-00371327 privileges of being an australian much
+H-GLqhfATSu-01722-00371328-00371567 like a kiwi comes to australia gets the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01723-00371568-00371782 privileges of being an australian okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-01724-00371783-00371951 you get the all the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01725-00371952-00372191 benefits of being in australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01726-00372192-00372391 um i think that's what we should be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01727-00372392-00372647 offering to the pacific
+H-GLqhfATSu-01728-00372648-00372839 in exchange for the agreement to help
+H-GLqhfATSu-01729-00372840-00373015 with governance and the oversight of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01730-00373016-00373287 eu's ends of these places so as a quid
+H-GLqhfATSu-01731-00373288-00373447 pro quo we get a we get a benefit
+H-GLqhfATSu-01732-00373448-00373654 because we get security instability and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01733-00373655-00373823 and a degree of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01734-00373824-00374078 prevention of external influence
+H-GLqhfATSu-01735-00374079-00374302 and and they get as a result a benefit
+H-GLqhfATSu-01736-00374303-00374575 of access com unfitted access to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01737-00374576-00374839 australia uh as as equal rights now for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01738-00374840-00375039 the micro states they're very small ones
+H-GLqhfATSu-01739-00375040-00375215 it's about quarter of a million people
+H-GLqhfATSu-01740-00375216-00375382 that's only fractionally over what we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01741-00375383-00375543 annually take intake
+H-GLqhfATSu-01742-00375544-00375727 normally pre-pandemic now we've had a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01743-00375728-00375895 couple of years of a hiatus and it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01744-00375896-00376054 wouldn't happen overnight
+H-GLqhfATSu-01745-00376055-00376199 so i think this is something australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01746-00376200-00376454 can afford to do over a generation and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01747-00376455-00376639 here's the reason people say oh john but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01748-00376640-00376734 that's you know you're being
+H-GLqhfATSu-01749-00376735-00376895 self-interested okay
+H-GLqhfATSu-01750-00376896-00377039 no i'm not
+H-GLqhfATSu-01751-00377040-00377119 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01752-00377120-00377295 it's a fact it's got to be a factor it's
+H-GLqhfATSu-01753-00377296-00377471 fear honor and interest
+H-GLqhfATSu-01754-00377472-00377702 okay there's a fear here a fear of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01755-00377703-00377991 climate change if if climate change is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01756-00377992-00378271 real if tuvalu
+H-GLqhfATSu-01757-00378272-00378399 tonga
+H-GLqhfATSu-01758-00378400-00378567 kiribati
+H-GLqhfATSu-01759-00378568-00378791 solomon islands etc
+H-GLqhfATSu-01760-00378792-00379023 are in fact vulnerable
+H-GLqhfATSu-01761-00379024-00379110 to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01762-00379111-00379415 sea storm surges and sea level rise as
+H-GLqhfATSu-01763-00379416-00379678 seems to be happening
+H-GLqhfATSu-01764-00379679-00379895 then we should be offering them a deal
+H-GLqhfATSu-01765-00379896-00380206 if we are truly vale if we are family
+H-GLqhfATSu-01766-00380207-00380399 we need to be offering them a deal i
+H-GLqhfATSu-01767-00380400-00380671 would contend and that deal as i say it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01768-00380672-00380975 has to be marketable politically
+H-GLqhfATSu-01769-00380976-00381206 domestically in australia too
+H-GLqhfATSu-01770-00381207-00381319 and there's no you get a lot of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01771-00381320-00381591 high-handed you know uh kind of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01772-00381592-00381727 pontificating
+H-GLqhfATSu-01773-00381728-00381919 people talking about oh australia should
+H-GLqhfATSu-01774-00381920-00382102 be more generous look you know it's got
+H-GLqhfATSu-01775-00382103-00382302 to be politically feasible you've got to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01776-00382303-00382430 be able to sell it to the australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-01777-00382431-00382654 electorate right so that's why i say
+H-GLqhfATSu-01778-00382655-00382839 it's got to be a two-way street and if
+H-GLqhfATSu-01779-00382840-00382958 you do that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01780-00382959-00383102 then i think that's feasible and we're
+H-GLqhfATSu-01781-00383103-00383287 going to we've got a way forward thank
+H-GLqhfATSu-01782-00383288-00383471 you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01783-00383472-00383663 scott please
+H-GLqhfATSu-01784-00383664-00383927 professor scott campbell i'm just uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01785-00383928-00384151 interested and so first of all thank you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01786-00384152-00384406 for the presentation it speaks to the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01787-00384407-00384654 why of what we do a lot
+H-GLqhfATSu-01788-00384655-00384823 interested in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01789-00384824-00384927 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01790-00384928-00385071 so
+H-GLqhfATSu-01791-00385072-00385334 some guidance inspiration into
+H-GLqhfATSu-01792-00385335-00385478 how
+H-GLqhfATSu-01793-00385479-00385615 the sailors
+H-GLqhfATSu-01794-00385616-00385871 uh in the forum when we conduct port
+H-GLqhfATSu-01795-00385872-00386047 visits we do community engagement we do
+H-GLqhfATSu-01796-00386048-00386215 all that sort of stuff
+H-GLqhfATSu-01797-00386216-00386495 why it's important um to work with the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01798-00386496-00386751 partner nations at the sailor level
+H-GLqhfATSu-01799-00386752-00386934 and and how
+H-GLqhfATSu-01800-00386935-00387127 we can turn those engagements into a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01801-00387128-00387319 strength for our nation
+H-GLqhfATSu-01802-00387320-00387502 yeah thank you thanks scott
+H-GLqhfATSu-01803-00387503-00387582 um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01804-00387583-00387799 so i'm a great believer in defence
+H-GLqhfATSu-01805-00387800-00387967 diplomacy
+H-GLqhfATSu-01806-00387968-00388206 as a former defence attache i've seen
+H-GLqhfATSu-01807-00388207-00388399 the benefits of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01808-00388400-00388575 an australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-01809-00388576-00388767 anzac frigate come up the chaparria
+H-GLqhfATSu-01810-00388768-00388951 river in thailand
+H-GLqhfATSu-01811-00388952-00389047 and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01812-00389048-00389302 throw a cocktail party and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01813-00389303-00389510 have present an opportunity to engage
+H-GLqhfATSu-01814-00389511-00389687 with our counterparts
+H-GLqhfATSu-01815-00389688-00389847 and to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01816-00389848-00390087 present and demonstrate australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-01817-00390088-00390254 goodwill australian capability
+H-GLqhfATSu-01818-00390255-00390502 australian presence australian
+H-GLqhfATSu-01819-00390503-00390678 commitment to the region very
+H-GLqhfATSu-01820-00390679-00390967 interesting with a country like thailand
+H-GLqhfATSu-01821-00390968-00391263 it's not fpda it's not an immediate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01822-00391264-00391510 neighbor and i like it and mark knows
+H-GLqhfATSu-01823-00391511-00391647 this well
+H-GLqhfATSu-01824-00391648-00391751 i like
+H-GLqhfATSu-01825-00391752-00391910 looking at the team
+H-GLqhfATSu-01826-00391911-00392023 the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01827-00392024-00392278 thailand example because
+H-GLqhfATSu-01828-00392279-00392647 when we had a crisis in 1999 in a very
+H-GLqhfATSu-01829-00392648-00392815 difficult situation in our relationship
+H-GLqhfATSu-01830-00392816-00393030 with indonesia which we didn't start it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01831-00393031-00393182 was very complicated when i could come
+H-GLqhfATSu-01832-00393183-00393327 back and give the talk on each team or
+H-GLqhfATSu-01833-00393328-00393495 if you like deb another time but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01834-00393496-00393702 essentially you know in lots of people
+H-GLqhfATSu-01835-00393703-00393839 indonesia think it was our fault it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01836-00393840-00394071 wasn't um this as prime minister john
+H-GLqhfATSu-01837-00394072-00394295 howard sent a letter suggesting a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01838-00394296-00394567 matinon-like accord habibi the president
+H-GLqhfATSu-01839-00394568-00394839 at the time took was insulted decided to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01840-00394840-00395047 have a plebiscite he decided to have a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01841-00395048-00395271 plebiscite on whether timor would become
+H-GLqhfATSu-01842-00395272-00395454 part of indonesia or not
+H-GLqhfATSu-01843-00395455-00395702 and it went ahead and it was disastrous
+H-GLqhfATSu-01844-00395703-00395878 for indonesia right
+H-GLqhfATSu-01845-00395879-00396182 so but when that crisis came
+H-GLqhfATSu-01846-00396183-00396327 we looked around the neighborhood for a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01847-00396328-00396575 friend now understandably
+H-GLqhfATSu-01848-00396576-00396767 malaysia and singapore were reluctant to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01849-00396768-00396934 be the first volunteer they lived right
+H-GLqhfATSu-01850-00396935-00397158 next door to indonesia right they were a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01851-00397159-00397263 little bit un
+H-GLqhfATSu-01852-00397264-00397406 nervous about
+H-GLqhfATSu-01853-00397407-00397606 antagonising internet completely
+H-GLqhfATSu-01854-00397607-00397758 understandable right
+H-GLqhfATSu-01855-00397759-00398047 so uh emo air vice marshall doug riding
+H-GLqhfATSu-01856-00398048-00398223 the vice chief of defence force went on
+H-GLqhfATSu-01857-00398224-00398430 a tour and he's you know fpda you'd
+H-GLqhfATSu-01858-00398431-00398599 think fpda would be work but for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01859-00398600-00398758 understandable reasons
+H-GLqhfATSu-01860-00398759-00398919 singapore malaysia were a little bit
+H-GLqhfATSu-01861-00398920-00399119 uncomfortable so he went on to thailand
+H-GLqhfATSu-01862-00399120-00399382 and the thais thought you know what
+H-GLqhfATSu-01863-00399383-00399606 australia is really a really significant
+H-GLqhfATSu-01864-00399607-00399743 regional partner
+H-GLqhfATSu-01865-00399744-00399910 they were very instrumental in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01866-00399911-00400239 cambodian peace accord of 9293
+H-GLqhfATSu-01867-00400240-00400487 and that helped turn you know what
+H-GLqhfATSu-01868-00400488-00400663 general charlotte at the time called
+H-GLqhfATSu-01869-00400664-00400943 turning battlefields into marketplaces
+H-GLqhfATSu-01870-00400944-00401143 that was a boon for thailand a boon for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01871-00401144-00401415 cambodia right it was a win-win and that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01872-00401416-00401639 was australia was instrumental with
+H-GLqhfATSu-01873-00401640-00401910 japan and indonesia in making that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01874-00401911-00402054 happen
+H-GLqhfATSu-01875-00402055-00402310 um so the thais sort of saw the crisis
+H-GLqhfATSu-01876-00402311-00402567 in 1999 and i thought you know what
+H-GLqhfATSu-01877-00402568-00402791 we don't want australia to fail
+H-GLqhfATSu-01878-00402792-00403015 we it's actually not good for that to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01879-00403016-00403119 happen
+H-GLqhfATSu-01880-00403120-00403367 and they volunteered the deputy force
+H-GLqhfATSu-01881-00403368-00403591 commander and then a task force of over
+H-GLqhfATSu-01882-00403592-00403839 a thousand people to help now thereafter
+H-GLqhfATSu-01883-00403840-00404054 singapore malaysia philippines others
+H-GLqhfATSu-01884-00404055-00404319 quickly piled in on top thankfully but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01885-00404320-00404519 understandably didn't want to be first
+H-GLqhfATSu-01886-00404520-00404606 right
+H-GLqhfATSu-01887-00404607-00404830 now i mentioned this because who thinks
+H-GLqhfATSu-01888-00404831-00405095 of thailand as a key security partner so
+H-GLqhfATSu-01889-00405096-00405199 it just doesn't feature in our
+H-GLqhfATSu-01890-00405200-00405391 consciousness very much great place to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01891-00405392-00405487 visit
+H-GLqhfATSu-01892-00405488-00405734 uh but you know the king of thailand
+H-GLqhfATSu-01893-00405735-00405910 went to duntroon
+H-GLqhfATSu-01894-00405911-00406095 he spent he went through the downtrend
+H-GLqhfATSu-01895-00406096-00406287 training group ten years before i did
+H-GLqhfATSu-01896-00406288-00406671 there are thousands of graduates of um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01897-00406672-00406847 australian courses
+H-GLqhfATSu-01898-00406848-00407119 at all at all ranked levels uh and and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01899-00407120-00407302 it is an opportunity here for us to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01900-00407303-00407471 actually stretch this and uh be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01901-00407472-00407606 interesting to hear your perspective
+H-GLqhfATSu-01902-00407607-00407815 mark on on making this something
+H-GLqhfATSu-01903-00407816-00408023 available for for for non-commissioned
+H-GLqhfATSu-01904-00408024-00408206 officers as well
+H-GLqhfATSu-01905-00408207-00408423 to expand our connections here but that
+H-GLqhfATSu-01906-00408424-00408630 relationship that investment over half a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01907-00408631-00408751 century
+H-GLqhfATSu-01908-00408752-00408882 generated
+H-GLqhfATSu-01909-00408883-00409110 remarkable effects
+H-GLqhfATSu-01910-00409111-00409247 who knew
+H-GLqhfATSu-01911-00409248-00409382 when we first started the defense
+H-GLqhfATSu-01912-00409383-00409670 cooperation program in 1963 that we
+H-GLqhfATSu-01913-00409671-00409847 would be leaning on thailand to help us
+H-GLqhfATSu-01914-00409847-00410166 in a crisis in 1999 no one was able to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01915-00410167-00410374 envisage that but we invest in this
+H-GLqhfATSu-01916-00410375-00410439 space
+H-GLqhfATSu-01917-00410439-00410663 in defence diplomacy collaboratively
+H-GLqhfATSu-01918-00410664-00410814 with our neighbours in the pacific and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01919-00410815-00411039 southeast asia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01920-00411039-00411239 with this exactly kind of situation in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01921-00411239-00411422 mind how do you manage a crisis and
+H-GLqhfATSu-01922-00411423-00411647 let's not forget each team all could
+H-GLqhfATSu-01923-00411647-00411943 have been a freaking catastrophe
+H-GLqhfATSu-01924-00411943-00412159 for indonesia and australia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01925-00412160-00412430 and it wasn't and in part that's because
+H-GLqhfATSu-01926-00412431-00412678 of defense cooperation and the defense
+H-GLqhfATSu-01927-00412679-00412959 relationship it's also to be fair
+H-GLqhfATSu-01928-00412960-00413166 because of the great work of our defense
+H-GLqhfATSu-01929-00413167-00413399 attaches in indonesia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01930-00413400-00413630 who had the foresight
+H-GLqhfATSu-01931-00413631-00413726 to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01932-00413727-00414087 get general cosgrove to show respect
+H-GLqhfATSu-01933-00414088-00414318 to martial khmer air of martial law
+H-GLqhfATSu-01934-00414319-00414687 commander major general kiki shanakri
+H-GLqhfATSu-01935-00414688-00414991 that was a very significant move to show
+H-GLqhfATSu-01936-00414992-00415270 respect to the indonesians
+H-GLqhfATSu-01937-00415271-00415510 as they handed over authority under the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01938-00415512-00415703 u.n mandate
+H-GLqhfATSu-01939-00415704-00415847 for management of east timor to
+H-GLqhfATSu-01940-00415847-00415999 australia and the international force of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01941-00416000-00416295 east timor right very significant
+H-GLqhfATSu-01942-00416296-00416534 that could have turned very ugly but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01943-00416535-00416799 didn't because of deft handling deft
+H-GLqhfATSu-01944-00416800-00416966 appreciation of the complexities and the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01945-00416967-00417151 cultural dimensions and the need to be
+H-GLqhfATSu-01946-00417152-00417439 respectful even though no one was happy
+H-GLqhfATSu-01947-00417439-00417630 but to be respectful it's really
+H-GLqhfATSu-01948-00417631-00417847 important thanks scott
+H-GLqhfATSu-01949-00417847-00418022 yeah and um john thank you for the point
+H-GLqhfATSu-01950-00418023-00418247 about um partnering and learning from
+H-GLqhfATSu-01951-00418247-00418503 other nations um for those in the room
+H-GLqhfATSu-01952-00418504-00418703 i'm honored to meet tomorrow with my
+H-GLqhfATSu-01953-00418704-00418870 colleagues and one of the agenda items
+H-GLqhfATSu-01954-00418871-00419078 we'll have on that on the table is more
+H-GLqhfATSu-01955-00419079-00419303 opportunities for exchange and education
+H-GLqhfATSu-01956-00419304-00419518 and learning from it from each other for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01957-00419519-00419727 our workforce we do a lot in the office
+H-GLqhfATSu-01958-00419728-00419918 space and i think we'll all agree
+H-GLqhfATSu-01959-00419919-00420079 we can do more in the office space but
+H-GLqhfATSu-01960-00420080-00420359 we need to do much much more in the sala
+H-GLqhfATSu-01961-00420360-00420591 space so so that is um a subject for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01962-00420592-00420710 tomorrow i just want to let everyone
+H-GLqhfATSu-01963-00420712-00420903 know i think we're out of questions
+H-GLqhfATSu-01964-00420904-00421159 there john um
+H-GLqhfATSu-01965-00421160-00421455 correction we're not out of questions my
+H-GLqhfATSu-01966-00421456-00421831 my uk friend is
+H-GLqhfATSu-01967-00421832-00421975 i thought we were friends but apparently
+H-GLqhfATSu-01968-00421976-00422239 we're not
+H-GLqhfATSu-01969-00422239-00422583 sir um w1 stephen want us to do all navy
+H-GLqhfATSu-01970-00422584-00422863 um fascinating update this morning
+H-GLqhfATSu-01971-00422864-00423103 thought provoking i am a simple sailor
+H-GLqhfATSu-01972-00423104-00423231 so i'll probably have more questions
+H-GLqhfATSu-01973-00423232-00423479 tomorrow once my head's been on a pillow
+H-GLqhfATSu-01974-00423480-00423839 um you mentioned uh nato countries you
+H-GLqhfATSu-01975-00423839-00424039 mentioned the united kingdom clearly
+H-GLqhfATSu-01976-00424039-00424270 last year during covid we we sailed a
+H-GLqhfATSu-01977-00424271-00424551 task group into this area of the world
+H-GLqhfATSu-01978-00424552-00424839 um noting prior to the ukrainian
+H-GLqhfATSu-01979-00424839-00425007 situation developing the interest in
+H-GLqhfATSu-01980-00425008-00425175 this part of the world particularly for
+H-GLqhfATSu-01981-00425176-00425366 my government was growing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01982-00425367-00425631 um i just wanted your views on
+H-GLqhfATSu-01983-00425632-00425822 your opinion on us sailing our task
+H-GLqhfATSu-01984-00425823-00425991 group linking up with lots of fellow
+H-GLqhfATSu-01985-00425992-00426183 countries and partners i'm i'm bobbing
+H-GLqhfATSu-01986-00426184-00426375 around the oceans of this part of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-01987-00426376-00426463 world
+H-GLqhfATSu-01988-00426464-00426887 for a six to eight month period good bad
+H-GLqhfATSu-01989-00426888-00427222 indifferent so i'm going to uh rail
+H-GLqhfATSu-01990-00427223-00427439 against the uh
+H-GLqhfATSu-01991-00427439-00427703 the consensus in academia
+H-GLqhfATSu-01992-00427704-00427879 which was that it was a bit of a froth
+H-GLqhfATSu-01993-00427880-00428095 and bubble activity i actually think it
+H-GLqhfATSu-01994-00428096-00428263 made a lot of sense
+H-GLqhfATSu-01995-00428264-00428455 um it made a lot of sense on a number of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01996-00428456-00428591 levels
+H-GLqhfATSu-01997-00428592-00428814 it's contributed to the bolstering of
+H-GLqhfATSu-01998-00428815-00428983 bilateral ties between
+H-GLqhfATSu-01999-00428984-00429279 the united kingdom and japan
+H-GLqhfATSu-02000-00429280-00429670 and it has contributed to a
+H-GLqhfATSu-02001-00429671-00429766 look
+H-GLqhfATSu-02002-00429767-00429935 my reading of it is that
+H-GLqhfATSu-02003-00429935-00430039 with
+H-GLqhfATSu-02004-00430039-00430343 brexit the uk needed to reburnish the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02005-00430343-00430495 special relationship with the united
+H-GLqhfATSu-02006-00430496-00430583 states
+H-GLqhfATSu-02007-00430584-00430863 and one way to do that is to make itself
+H-GLqhfATSu-02008-00430864-00431127 more useful in the contest in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02009-00431128-00431318 indo-pacific
+H-GLqhfATSu-02010-00431319-00431591 and so that's one dimension to it one is
+H-GLqhfATSu-02011-00431592-00431766 also that you wanted to bolster trade
+H-GLqhfATSu-02012-00431767-00431935 ties with japan and other countries in
+H-GLqhfATSu-02013-00431935-00432031 asia
+H-GLqhfATSu-02014-00432032-00432255 the the queen elizabeth's visit
+H-GLqhfATSu-02015-00432256-00432575 was a very very visible way of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02016-00432576-00432791 pursuing that agenda
+H-GLqhfATSu-02017-00432792-00432943 and i think also it was a way of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02018-00432943-00433287 signaling to china that the uk
+H-GLqhfATSu-02019-00433288-00433414 would play
+H-GLqhfATSu-02020-00433415-00433631 alongside its allies
+H-GLqhfATSu-02021-00433632-00433895 and also signifying that nato reaches
+H-GLqhfATSu-02022-00433896-00434022 now this is i think something that
+H-GLqhfATSu-02023-00434023-00434175 shocks china
+H-GLqhfATSu-02024-00434176-00434335 they forget that
+H-GLqhfATSu-02025-00434335-00434599 two indo-pacific powers
+H-GLqhfATSu-02026-00434600-00434799 canada and the united states are
+H-GLqhfATSu-02027-00434800-00435055 actually nato countries right and they
+H-GLqhfATSu-02028-00435056-00435270 are pacific powers too but we don't
+H-GLqhfATSu-02029-00435271-00435622 think of nato as having a pacific remit
+H-GLqhfATSu-02030-00435623-00435839 and of course the uk
+H-GLqhfATSu-02031-00435839-00436135 long-standing member of the fpda
+H-GLqhfATSu-02032-00436135-00436263 fire power defence arrangement with
+H-GLqhfATSu-02033-00436264-00436414 malaysia singapore australia and new
+H-GLqhfATSu-02034-00436415-00436607 zealand
+H-GLqhfATSu-02035-00436608-00436703 has
+H-GLqhfATSu-02036-00436704-00436918 legitimate interests in this space and i
+H-GLqhfATSu-02037-00436919-00437166 think it's very warmly welcomed the the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02038-00437167-00437343 current government
+H-GLqhfATSu-02039-00437343-00437439 has
+H-GLqhfATSu-02040-00437439-00437775 indicated as much and as i say i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-02041-00437776-00437935 i'm i see
+H-GLqhfATSu-02042-00437935-00438103 why
+H-GLqhfATSu-02043-00438104-00438239 people think
+H-GLqhfATSu-02044-00438239-00438463 of this as being not all that relevant
+H-GLqhfATSu-02045-00438464-00438703 and people talk about comparing with the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02046-00438704-00438814 you know the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02047-00438815-00439055 the prince of wales and repulse sunk in
+H-GLqhfATSu-02048-00439056-00439351 december 1941 when they came to rescue
+H-GLqhfATSu-02049-00439352-00439566 the far eastern empire
+H-GLqhfATSu-02050-00439567-00439807 um and and the failure of that and they
+H-GLqhfATSu-02051-00439808-00439966 they draw a parallel which i think is an
+H-GLqhfATSu-02052-00439967-00440118 unfair and unreasonable parallel the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02053-00440119-00440310 world is a very different place today
+H-GLqhfATSu-02054-00440312-00440510 um and the significance of the carrier's
+H-GLqhfATSu-02055-00440512-00440670 visit is is
+H-GLqhfATSu-02056-00440671-00440887 demonstrably useful for british industry
+H-GLqhfATSu-02057-00440888-00441031 and for british engagement with the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02058-00441032-00441247 region and to bolster
+H-GLqhfATSu-02059-00441247-00441431 the position of other countries in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02060-00441432-00441639 neighborhood who are
+H-GLqhfATSu-02061-00441639-00441775 pro you know kind of sitting on the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02062-00441776-00442070 fence about how much you support the us
+H-GLqhfATSu-02063-00442071-00442270 alliance how much you pro you support
+H-GLqhfATSu-02064-00442271-00442479 u.s presence in asia and how much you
+H-GLqhfATSu-02065-00442480-00442735 just cut out to chinese pressure
+H-GLqhfATSu-02066-00442735-00442903 and as i said with the demonstration
+H-GLqhfATSu-02067-00442904-00443118 effect for australia when we when we
+H-GLqhfATSu-02068-00443119-00443391 speak and act it provides an opportunity
+H-GLqhfATSu-02069-00443392-00443583 i would contend for neighbouring
+H-GLqhfATSu-02070-00443584-00443807 countries to act in a similar way maybe
+H-GLqhfATSu-02071-00443808-00444070 just short just shy of that level of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02072-00444071-00444270 forthrightness perhaps
+H-GLqhfATSu-02073-00444271-00444479 and britain's actions in in coming to
+H-GLqhfATSu-02074-00444480-00444622 the indo-pacific
+H-GLqhfATSu-02075-00444623-00444743 demonstrate that and it's very
+H-GLqhfATSu-02076-00444743-00444895 interesting to hear the the british
+H-GLqhfATSu-02077-00444896-00445191 government recently talk about
+H-GLqhfATSu-02078-00445192-00445431 enduring and not letting ukraine prevent
+H-GLqhfATSu-02079-00445432-00445599 it from continuing to play in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02080-00445600-00445814 indo-pacific there's a you know one of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02081-00445815-00446007 the great theorists
+H-GLqhfATSu-02082-00446008-00446127 mckinder
+H-GLqhfATSu-02083-00446128-00446366 talked about um control of the eurasian
+H-GLqhfATSu-02084-00446367-00446559 landmass um and
+H-GLqhfATSu-02085-00446560-00446783 uh as being you know kind of the great
+H-GLqhfATSu-02086-00446784-00446991 determinant of the fate of great powers
+H-GLqhfATSu-02087-00446992-00447166 in the in the world now it's a little
+H-GLqhfATSu-02088-00447167-00447335 bit simplistic but i think there is a
+H-GLqhfATSu-02089-00447335-00447479 truism to it
+H-GLqhfATSu-02090-00447480-00447663 and japan and
+H-GLqhfATSu-02091-00447664-00447927 the united kingdom two island nations
+H-GLqhfATSu-02092-00447928-00448183 great island nations at either end of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02093-00448184-00448351 the eurozone land mass
+H-GLqhfATSu-02094-00448352-00448599 have a lot of notes to swap
+H-GLqhfATSu-02095-00448600-00448766 to with each other
+H-GLqhfATSu-02096-00448767-00449087 and their actions i think have a
+H-GLqhfATSu-02097-00449088-00449318 really positive effect on a range of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02098-00449319-00449463 countries here i'm thinking not just
+H-GLqhfATSu-02099-00449464-00449727 australia but singapore
+H-GLqhfATSu-02100-00449728-00449951 you know malaysia
+H-GLqhfATSu-02101-00449952-00450103 philippines
+H-GLqhfATSu-02102-00450104-00450351 and others in the neighborhood who are
+H-GLqhfATSu-02103-00450352-00450583 you know looking at how you how you
+H-GLqhfATSu-02104-00450584-00450839 hedge your bets into the future
+H-GLqhfATSu-02105-00450839-00451103 britain playing its hand this way
+H-GLqhfATSu-02106-00451104-00451318 adds a degree of reassurance in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02107-00451319-00451575 light of you know this uh ideational
+H-GLqhfATSu-02108-00451576-00451799 retreat from the transactional retreat
+H-GLqhfATSu-02109-00451800-00451975 from ideational leadership by the united
+H-GLqhfATSu-02110-00451976-00452270 states it kind of helps to balance the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02111-00452271-00452455 equation a little bit
+H-GLqhfATSu-02112-00452456-00452655 and and i'm what i'm saying flies in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02113-00452656-00452879 face of my colleague hugh white who's
+H-GLqhfATSu-02114-00452880-00453087 kind of of the view that we should
+H-GLqhfATSu-02115-00453088-00453231 basically let china have it and i'm
+H-GLqhfATSu-02116-00453232-00453631 thinking nah
+H-GLqhfATSu-02117-00453632-00453839 yeah thanks john um i think everyone
+H-GLqhfATSu-02118-00453839-00454087 will widely agree that um this morning's
+H-GLqhfATSu-02119-00454088-00454287 presentation has been really helpful can
+H-GLqhfATSu-02120-00454288-00454447 you join me in thanking in the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02121-00454447-00455447 traditional way
+H-GLqhfATSu-02122-00455447-00455655 john i'd like to thank you and i'd like
+H-GLqhfATSu-02123-00455656-00455791 to present you some cuff links and if
+H-GLqhfATSu-02124-00455792-00455966 you could possibly wear them with pride
+H-GLqhfATSu-02125-00455967-00456191 um think of the enlisted workforce that
+H-GLqhfATSu-02126-00456192-00456463 um have benefited from your point of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02127-00456464-00456639 view this morning really thank you thank
+H-GLqhfATSu-02128-00456639-00456749 you
+H-GLqhfATSu-02129-00456750-00457687 [Applause]
+H-GLqhfATSu-02130-00457688-00457839 so team that brings us to the end of the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02131-00457839-00458014 first session just a couple of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02132-00458015-00458263 housekeeping points um thank you firstly
+H-GLqhfATSu-02133-00458264-00458463 for all coming um
+H-GLqhfATSu-02134-00458464-00458631 i sent an email to the warrenosa rank
+H-GLqhfATSu-02135-00458632-00458814 group a couple of days ago and said my
+H-GLqhfATSu-02136-00458815-00459007 biggest fear is no one will turn up you
+H-GLqhfATSu-02137-00459008-00459199 build it and no one will come and then i
+H-GLqhfATSu-02138-00459200-00459414 have to explain to the boss that i was a
+H-GLqhfATSu-02139-00459415-00459614 failure so thank you for helping me out
+H-GLqhfATSu-02140-00459615-00459839 but but please don't make me a failure
+H-GLqhfATSu-02141-00459839-00460063 by not coming back
+H-GLqhfATSu-02142-00460064-00460263 deliberately the next presentations are
+H-GLqhfATSu-02143-00460264-00460391 all shorter
+H-GLqhfATSu-02144-00460392-00460566 so i know it gets harder as the day goes
+H-GLqhfATSu-02145-00460567-00460639 on
+H-GLqhfATSu-02146-00460639-00460879 the next session will be the fleet the
+H-GLqhfATSu-02147-00460880-00461199 um sea waste uh from the various areas
+H-GLqhfATSu-02148-00461200-00461335 now they've only been given seven
+H-GLqhfATSu-02149-00461335-00461566 minutes each they have horse traded some
+H-GLqhfATSu-02150-00461567-00461807 time i think a cuo in naval engineering
+H-GLqhfATSu-02151-00461808-00462055 sold some time to cy fleet so but
+H-GLqhfATSu-02152-00462056-00462199 they've only got seven minutes and we
+H-GLqhfATSu-02153-00462200-00462414 can buzz them off a bit like the gong
+H-GLqhfATSu-02154-00462415-00462631 if they go over that time and then so
+H-GLqhfATSu-02155-00462632-00462935 that session will start at 11 and then
+H-GLqhfATSu-02156-00462935-00463095 the next session after that will start
+H-GLqhfATSu-02157-00463096-00463495 at 1300 and that will be short sharp
+H-GLqhfATSu-02158-00463496-00463718 well articulated far better articulated
+H-GLqhfATSu-02159-00463719-00463895 international counterparts of mine and
+H-GLqhfATSu-02160-00463896-00464063 then the last session will be some
+H-GLqhfATSu-02161-00464064-00464214 really cool things that our people have
+H-GLqhfATSu-02162-00464215-00464391 been doing and hearing from our
+H-GLqhfATSu-02163-00464392-00464591 workforce about some of the challenges
+H-GLqhfATSu-02164-00464592-00464839 around tonga flood assist autonomous
+H-GLqhfATSu-02165-00464839-00465095 systems and naval mastery so please come
+H-GLqhfATSu-02166-00465096-00465214 back
+H-GLqhfATSu-02167-00465215-00465470 in between go to the floor
+H-GLqhfATSu-02168-00465471-00465655 someone told me they got 28 stubby
+H-GLqhfATSu-02169-00465656-00465831 coolers yesterday in two hours that's a
+H-GLqhfATSu-02170-00465832-00466031 pretty good gig you've got two hours of
+H-GLqhfATSu-02171-00466032-00466310 breaks today so if you can exceed that
+H-GLqhfATSu-02172-00466312-00466479 i haven't got a single stubby course if
+H-GLqhfATSu-02173-00466480-00466622 someone wants to grab me one i'd be
+H-GLqhfATSu-02174-00466623-00466783 greatly appreciative i need something to
+H-GLqhfATSu-02175-00466784-00467055 put my beer in but please go and enjoy
+H-GLqhfATSu-02176-00467056-00467247 and i'll see everyone back here at 11
+H-GLqhfATSu-02177-00467247-00468335 o'clock please
+H-GLqhfATSu-02178-00468335-00468543 you
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00000-00000071-00000135 [Music]
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00001-00000136-00000366 what mit executive is doing truly
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00002-00000367-00000567 exemplifies the final two pillars of
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00003-00000568-00000695 learner success
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00004-00000696-00000902 building lifelong learner relationships
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00005-00000903-00001070 and putting students at the center of
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00006-00001071-00001239 digital transformation
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00007-00001240-00001399 these pillars are so incredibly
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00008-00001400-00001550 important especially when we think about
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00009-00001551-00001710 what natalie shared earlier
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00010-00001711-00002030 45 of institutions are implementing new
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00011-00002032-00002126 business models
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00012-00002127-00002407 coming out of the pandemic mit they're a
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00013-00002408-00002550 fantastic example
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00014-00002551-00002791 of how an institution can use the
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00015-00002792-00002958 agility of the salesforce platform to
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00016-00002959-00003031 adapt
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00017-00003032-00003175 to evolving learner needs and
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00018-00003176-00003351 expectations using tools like
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00019-00003352-00003519 commerce cloud and marketing cloud to
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00020-00003520-00003670 create personalized
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00021-00003671-00003847 data-driven experiences that are
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00022-00003847-00004086 designed for lifelong learners
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00023-00004087-00004359 in fact today your institution can
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00024-00004360-00004406 deliver
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00025-00004407-00004631 end-to-end executive education and
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00026-00004632-00004815 professional learning programs
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00027-00004816-00005063 all on salesforce and that includes
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00028-00005064-00005159 using products like
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00029-00005160-00005351 accounting subledger to bridge financial
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00030-00005352-00005511 data and sales force with your general
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00031-00005512-00005583 ledger
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00032-00005584-00005799 and of course advisor link to provide
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00033-00005800-00005959 tailored career coaching
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00034-00005960-00006238 and support for every lifelong learner
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00035-00006239-00006286 you know
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00036-00006287-00006478 mit's executive story really does
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00037-00006479-00006670 inspire me and it's a great reminder
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00038-00006672-00006870 of how we all how our institutions can
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00039-00006872-00007055 transform using salesforce
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00040-00007056-00007287 especially as we think about creating
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00041-00007288-00007455 new models so we can build
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00042-00007456-00007703 the future of education together and
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00043-00007704-00007823 with that i'm going to hand it off to
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00044-00007823-00007991 our good friend leah mcgowan hair for
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00045-00007992-00008119 even more inspiration
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00046-00008120-00008374 as we kick off our fifth annual summit
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00047-00008375-00008510 award it's very exciting
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00048-00008511-00008613 take it away
+HBl9dwZMuKc-00049-00008614-00008918 [Music]
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00000-00000054-00000503 on September 8th 2017 the Pacific coast
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00001-00000504-00000767 of Mexico was hit by an 8.2 magnitude
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00002-00000768-00001164 earthquake which left 69 people that and
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00003-00001165-00001500 1,700 people homeless at that moment I
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00004-00001501-00001655 feel a little bit sad not only for the
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00005-00001657-00001857 magnitude of the damage in the coast of
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00006-00001857-00002133 Mexico but also because of the poor
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00007-00002134-00002322 coverage of the news about this
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00008-00002323-00002559 earthquake in the Netherlands news
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00009-00002560-00002777 system this air cause was not even
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00010-00002778-00002973 trained topic and social media because
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00011-00002974-00003185 was what was in everybody's lives was
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00012-00003186-00003464 the damage of the hurricane here my
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00013-00003465-00003675 intern Martin's Islands and also the
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00014-00003676-00004038 florist in Texas unfortunately yesterday
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00015-00004039-00004496 on the afternoon of 19 September Mexico
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00016-00004497-00004763 was hit once again by not one but two
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00017-00004764-00005016 simultaneous earthquakes that originated
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00018-00005017-00005343 in the state of Puebla and marilla's the
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00019-00005344-00005634 footage of the earthquake in Mexico is
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00020-00005635-00005868 really shocking to the handful of people
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00021-00005869-00006113 that follows my channels I would like to
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00022-00006114-00006305 ask you for help not only for the people
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00023-00006306-00006555 living in Mexico City but also for the
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00024-00006556-00006717 people who live in the provinces of
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00025-00006718-00007070 Morelos Puebla States of Mexico Oaxaca
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00026-00007071-00007409 and Chiapas the earthquake left more
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00027-00007411-00007724 than 200 people dead and thousands of
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00028-00007725-00008039 people wounded and homeless I hope I
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00029-00008040-00008295 really really wish that you can see how
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00030-00008296-00008663 organized and how helpful the Mexican
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00031-00008664-00008924 people can be thousands of civilians are
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00032-00008925-00009183 helping Mexican authorities to rescue
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00033-00009184-00009402 hundreds and hundreds of people draped
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00034-00009403-00009641 in the degrees of the most of the 14
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00035-00009642-00009837 buildings that collapses only in Mexico
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00036-00009838-00010098 City one of the stories that broke my
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00037-00010099-00010442 heart was the story about the pepsiman
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00038-00010443-00010773 elementary school the building of this
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00039-00010774-00011024 school could not stand the chamber and
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00040-00011025-00011303 it actually collapsed despite the
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00041-00011304-00011828 intense rescue effort 32 children and 5
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00042-00011829-00012027 adults were found dead inside this
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00043-00012028-00012084 building
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00044-00012085-00012284 however the resisted hope the children
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00045-00012285-00012509 threatened the building are using social
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00046-00012510-00012744 media to communicate to their relatives
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00047-00012745-00012963 that they are still alive a couple of
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00048-00012963-00013277 minutes ago actually Fatima
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00049-00013278-00013463 managed to communicate with their
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00050-00013463-00013715 relatives and she say I am okay I'm
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00051-00013716-00013933 trapped here with other five children's
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00052-00013934-00014191 and we are thirsty as I told you before
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00053-00014191-00014494 the Mexican people are really helpful
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00054-00014494-00014921 but in need means to work it out they
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00055-00014922-00015247 need tools they need cloths they need
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00056-00015248-00015691 masks goggles shovels and sparks but
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00057-00015693-00015838 what Mexico really really needs is
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00058-00015840-00016147 continuity because the rescue labor will
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00059-00016148-00016444 last many many days and the total
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00060-00016445-00016646 magnitude of the damage is still
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00061-00016647-00016897 uncertain donations can be addressed to
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00062-00016898-00017108 the Mexican Red Cross which provides
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00063-00017109-00017513 medical aid and give shelter to homeless
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00064-00017514-00017794 people another Mexican organization you
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00065-00017795-00018047 can address is the tapas which literally
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00066-00018048-00018469 means the most the most is extraordinary
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00067-00018470-00018785 organization of civilians that are very
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00068-00018786-00019100 well trained to help people in cases
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00069-00019101-00019289 like this both of these organizations
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00070-00019290-00019558 receive international help to people
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00071-00019559-00019906 recently Google opened a system to make
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00072-00019907-00020243 donations you can simply google central
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00073-00020244-00020530 Mexican earthquake and then you can
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00074-00020531-00020900 donate five twenty or fifty euros I will
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00075-00020901-00021184 at least to these two organizations in
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00076-00021185-00021425 Mexico here in the communist and in the
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00077-00021426-00021619 description of this video and I will
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00078-00021620-00021821 answer any other of the questions you
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00079-00021822-00022069 have about this tragedy and how to tell
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00080-00022070-00022286 people in Mexico but also how to help
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00081-00022287-00022600 animals because they are also in it so
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00082-00022601-00022771 I'm a Chicano
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00083-00022772-00023014 and the people of my beloved Mexico
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00084-00023015-00023155 needs your help
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00085-00023156-00023464 many small contributions can make a big
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00086-00023465-00023788 difference our love to all the people
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00087-00023789-00023932 who is driving after the tragedy in
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00088-00023933-00024268 Mexico our mouths sincere admiration to
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00089-00024269-00024442 all the people who is helping the
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00090-00024443-00024757 brothers and sisters in need we are so
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00091-00024758-00024973 proud of you to the people watching this
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00092-00024974-00025366 video thank you for watching and we hope
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00093-00025367-00025810 that you can help Mexico kbo Mexico give
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00094-00025811-00026637 Eva
+HFOyBtCS3Cu-00095-00026638-00026844 you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00000-00000000-00000788 [Music]
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00001-00000789-00001070 [Music]
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00002-00001071-00001311 hey guys how's it going i trust that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00003-00001312-00001535 everyone is doing well and good the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00004-00001536-00001751 audio for today is profound many
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00005-00001752-00002014 disclosures are presented
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00006-00002016-00002167 some believe it is difficult to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00007-00002168-00002447 comprehend which is why i mentioned in
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00008-00002448-00002758 my earlier messages to research
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00009-00002759-00002966 your attention span
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00010-00002967-00003150 on google
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00011-00003151-00003383 my new tick tock channel is coming and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00012-00003384-00003543 i'm ecstatic
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00013-00003544-00003719 please live with awareness wishing you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00014-00003720-00004622 an awesome day enjoy and chill
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00015-00004623-00004911 um first of all thank you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00016-00004912-00005311 for everything that you do for all of us
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00017-00005312-00005551 i have been listening for a while
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00018-00005552-00005663 and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00019-00005664-00005847 i am what you like to refer to as a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00020-00005848-00006054 strong wanter
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00021-00006055-00006311 a very very strong wanter usually people
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00022-00006312-00006478 who tell us that they are strong wanters
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00023-00006479-00006663 are those who have beliefs that oppose
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00024-00006664-00006903 desire and so you are able to measure
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00025-00006904-00007023 your desire
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00026-00007023-00007255 by the struggle
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00027-00007256-00007455 is that the kind of wanter you are
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00028-00007456-00007678 it's not what i try to aspire to but
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00029-00007679-00007919 sometimes
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00030-00007920-00008199 um i am hoping you can give me a little
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00031-00008200-00008374 bit of fine-tuning
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00032-00008375-00008535 with
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00033-00008536-00008814 the difference between
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00034-00008815-00009031 when i have a desire that still needs
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00035-00009032-00009214 some work
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00036-00009215-00009310 on
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00037-00009311-00009614 resistance and when i'm every desire
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00038-00009615-00009839 needs work on resistance the problem is
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00039-00009840-00010006 the work on resistance just makes the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00040-00010007-00010327 resistance more
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00041-00010328-00010535 so rather than work on resistance what
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00042-00010536-00010671 you're wanting to work on is more
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00043-00010672-00010942 allowance which is finding ways to feel
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00044-00010943-00011174 better about the desire what we're
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00045-00011175-00011414 wanting esther to understand means don't
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00046-00011415-00011670 be so practical so soon
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00047-00011671-00011878 so let's talk about something real
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00048-00011879-00012191 and we'll show you what we would do
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00049-00012192-00012527 for me right now i'm i'm
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00050-00012528-00012678 looking for
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00051-00012679-00012871 some passion you want to know what you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00052-00012872-00012966 want
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00053-00012967-00013119 yeah
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00054-00013119-00013279 you want something to ring your bells
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00055-00013280-00013430 yes
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00056-00013431-00013703 the other day esther was visiting with
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00057-00013704-00013983 some friends and they went on a day
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00058-00013984-00014303 journey just a few hours up into the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00059-00014304-00014471 rocky mountains
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00060-00014472-00014743 so esther set herself up for that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00061-00014744-00014919 feeling that you're
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00062-00014919-00015094 in that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00063-00015095-00015375 she's pre-paved in that she imagined a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00064-00015376-00015575 nice day and it was
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00065-00015576-00015727 and she imagined
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00066-00015728-00015886 lots of fun and laughter with her
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00067-00015887-00016166 friends and there was that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00068-00016168-00016686 when that moment of ecstasy came
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00069-00016687-00016935 it was just momentum there had been no
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00070-00016936-00017199 subterfuge to the momentum which just
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00071-00017200-00017527 meant i like this i like this i like
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00072-00017528-00017935 this i like this i like this i like this
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00073-00017936-00018279 i like this i like this i like this i
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00074-00018280-00018614 like this i like this i like this i like
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00075-00018615-00018839 this i like this and soon there is a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00076-00018840-00019047 crescendo that just takes your breath
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00077-00019048-00019319 away and you feel like the most blessed
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00078-00019320-00019527 and the most loved but most people don't
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00079-00019528-00019767 do that most people say i like this not
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00080-00019768-00019919 that so much
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00081-00019920-00020079 i like this
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00082-00020080-00020343 not that so much i like this
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00083-00020344-00020550 i could do without that and so the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00084-00020551-00020719 momentum doesn't
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00085-00020720-00020999 build to that place of ringing your belt
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00086-00021000-00021111 in that way
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00087-00021112-00021286 does that make sense to you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00088-00021287-00021503 now that's just an example of a few
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00089-00021504-00021814 hours in a car together
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00090-00021815-00022071 but your whole life is that way this is
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00091-00022072-00022255 good this isn't this is good this isn't
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00092-00022256-00022503 this is good this isn't the subject here
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00093-00022504-00022791 is the subject of momentum esther
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00094-00022792-00022943 translates
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00095-00022944-00023094 into some of her old-fashioned
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00096-00023095-00023391 vocabulary that many of you may not even
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00097-00023392-00023639 be able to relate to it's like priming
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00098-00023640-00023830 the pump
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00099-00023831-00024142 priming the pump did you ever prime a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00100-00024143-00024622 pump
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00101-00024623-00024999 sometimes you have to suck on a hose
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00102-00025000-00025183 to get it going and then once it gets
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00103-00025184-00025367 going then
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00104-00025368-00025535 so
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00105-00025536-00025727 priming the pump or
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00106-00025727-00026022 our newest words are get out ahead of it
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00107-00026023-00026231 a segment intend
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00108-00026232-00026502 look for positive aspects
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00109-00026504-00026646 you cannot
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00110-00026647-00026967 be practical
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00111-00026968-00027270 because your practicality will kill the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00112-00027272-00027439 momentum
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00113-00027439-00027743 that objectivity that practicality is i
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00114-00027744-00027902 really want more money but i don't have
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00115-00027904-00028055 enough right now i really want more
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00116-00028056-00028239 money but my family never had enough
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00117-00028239-00028446 money i really want more money but my
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00118-00028447-00028614 job just doesn't pay enough i really
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00119-00028616-00028879 want more money but so there's not an
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00120-00028880-00029223 allowance of the laws of the universe to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00121-00029224-00029390 help you out
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00122-00029391-00029758 so it takes some decision you said i'm a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00123-00029760-00029951 powerful wanter and we like
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00124-00029952-00030102 determination
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00125-00030103-00030270 but we want
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00126-00030272-00030527 your determination to be focused upon
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00127-00030527-00030702 the determination to find the best
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00128-00030703-00030943 feeling thoughts and if you find
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00129-00030944-00031174 yourself working too hard at it then
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00130-00031175-00031383 it's not really a good exercise so the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00131-00031383-00031518 easiest thing
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00132-00031519-00031711 to get momentum going is to find
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00133-00031712-00031895 something that is easy to get momentum
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00134-00031895-00032062 going about now we're going to give you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00135-00032063-00032214 something here that's going to help you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00136-00032216-00032431 enormously this will make sense to all
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00137-00032432-00032518 of you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00138-00032519-00032735 it's our favorite new way of explaining
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00139-00032736-00032974 this thank you for your question
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00140-00032975-00033207 every subject is two subjects like the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00141-00033208-00033374 end of the stick that has what you want
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00142-00033375-00033511 on it and the end of the stick that has
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00143-00033512-00033702 the absence of what you want on it i
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00144-00033703-00033927 want more money as one of the stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00145-00033928-00034079 i don't have enough money as the other
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00146-00034080-00034183 end
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00147-00034184-00034262 so
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00148-00034263-00034511 let's say that that's not the only stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00149-00034512-00034695 in the pile there's the money stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00150-00034696-00034911 there's a relationship stick there's the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00151-00034912-00035127 way i earn my money stick there's the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00152-00035128-00035343 friendship stick there's the lover stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00153-00035344-00035559 there's the where i lipstick there's all
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00154-00035560-00035911 this bundle of sticks and let's say that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00155-00035912-00036167 you've decided that you're going to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00156-00036168-00036423 identify and isolate feeling good on the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00157-00036424-00036615 money stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00158-00036616-00036830 so you think about it but the other end
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00159-00036831-00037030 of the stick you've practiced it more so
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00160-00037031-00037199 every time you try to think about or
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00161-00037200-00037407 daydream about more money you just
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00162-00037408-00037615 become more practical and realize that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00163-00037616-00037830 you don't have enough so you try but
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00164-00037831-00038007 it's a struggle and you never really get
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00165-00038008-00038151 there and then you feel like you're not
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00166-00038152-00038302 good at this
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00167-00038303-00038462 but what if
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00168-00038463-00038655 in that pile of sticks
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00169-00038656-00038790 there was a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00170-00038791-00038918 really
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00171-00038919-00039183 good feeling stick maybe it's your dog
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00172-00039184-00039446 your little dog
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00173-00039447-00039655 that cute little dog that cute little
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00174-00039656-00039887 dog that licks your face that cute
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00175-00039888-00040087 little dog that you have never had
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00176-00040088-00040271 anything but a blissful thought about
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00177-00040272-00040423 you just can't bring yourself to do
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00178-00040424-00040551 anything but love that dog do you have
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00179-00040552-00040662 one of those dogs do you know one of
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00180-00040663-00040927 those dogs so you're thinking about that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00181-00040928-00041062 little dog now that little dog may not
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00182-00041063-00041335 be with you here today hopefully
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00183-00041336-00041646 sometimes you bring them
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00184-00041647-00041774 that little dog is you're thinking about
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00185-00041775-00041887 that little dog you're thinking about
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00186-00041888-00042079 that little dog and it's so easy to be
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00187-00042080-00042318 on that end of the stick and so think
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00188-00042319-00042487 about the little dog you think about
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00189-00042488-00042743 cute little dog that dog that waits for
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00190-00042744-00042958 you and loves you and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00191-00042959-00043255 is so unconditional in that love and so
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00192-00043256-00043471 really adorable think about the pictures
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00193-00043472-00043679 of that dog
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00194-00043680-00043918 that dog that is so easy for you to love
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00195-00043919-00044111 so that's the stick that you're focused
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00196-00044112-00044230 upon
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00197-00044231-00044446 and the other end of the stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00198-00044447-00044662 just is not activated at all
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00199-00044663-00044951 by activating that end of that stick you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00200-00044952-00045174 now have access to that end of all of
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00201-00045175-00045390 those sticks
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00202-00045391-00045599 now you might jump to the money stick in
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00203-00045600-00045807 which case you'll go to the other end
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00204-00045808-00045990 but it takes a minute
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00205-00045991-00046127 and meanwhile
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00206-00046128-00046351 you did good work on all the end of all
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00207-00046352-00046551 those sticks if you just understand that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00208-00046552-00046702 it's a vibrational thing that you're
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00209-00046703-00046918 doing here you're tuning yourself to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00210-00046919-00047158 this end of the stick which is to say
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00211-00047159-00047351 you're tuning yourself to positive
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00212-00047352-00047527 expectation which is to say you're
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00213-00047528-00047686 tuning yourself to the way your inner
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00214-00047687-00047855 being looks at all your sticks which
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00215-00047856-00048007 means you're tuning yourself to pure
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00216-00048008-00048158 positive energy which means you're
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00217-00048159-00048295 tuning yourself to being in the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00218-00048296-00048479 receiving mode which means you're tuning
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00219-00048480-00048671 yourself to being in the vortex which
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00220-00048672-00048846 means you're tuning yourself to being a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00221-00048847-00048974 vibrational match to what's in your
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00222-00048975-00049295 vortex you see what we're getting at so
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00223-00049296-00049486 don't be practical
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00224-00049487-00049711 take the path of resistance what is the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00225-00049712-00049967 easiest stick to feel good about
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00226-00049968-00050223 whatever it is and before you know it
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00227-00050224-00050374 you'll feel good about just about all
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00228-00050375-00050518 the sticks
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00229-00050519-00050695 and if you're like most humans you'll
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00230-00050696-00050990 still focus on the problem stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00231-00050991-00051135 you don't need to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00232-00051136-00051382 so it works the other way too maybe
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00233-00051383-00051550 you've got this pile of sticks and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00234-00051551-00051711 you're feeling pretty good about them
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00235-00051712-00051894 you like your house you like your mate
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00236-00051895-00052063 you like your job you're doing really
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00237-00052064-00052246 good you just don't like that one
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00238-00052247-00052303 neighbor
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00239-00052304-00052582 [Music]
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00240-00052583-00052782 well you know
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00241-00052783-00053103 you could focus upon the neighbor
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00242-00053104-00053326 or the barking dog
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00243-00053327-00053615 that lives with the neighbor
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00244-00053616-00053823 you could focus there and before you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00245-00053824-00053919 know it
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00246-00053920-00054126 you've activated the other end of all of
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00247-00054127-00054342 your sticks because that's the way
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00248-00054344-00054535 tuning is you see
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00249-00054536-00054630 so
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00250-00054632-00054903 what was your original question to us
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00251-00054904-00055094 try to restate it as closely as you can
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00252-00055095-00055326 to what you said
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00253-00055327-00055742 i was looking for some fine-tuning on
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00254-00055744-00055999 when things need some more gestation
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00255-00056000-00056142 they're in the board that's not what you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00256-00056144-00056454 said
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00257-00056455-00056599 where were you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00258-00056600-00056942 oh did it go away
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00259-00056944-00057126 now it's irrelevant
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00260-00057127-00057303 you can't even find it
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00261-00057304-00057503 can't even find it because you were on
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00262-00057504-00057766 the other end of the stick
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00263-00057767-00057926 and now your question has moved on and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00264-00057927-00058071 that's good so now what do you want to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00265-00058072-00058775 talk about
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00266-00058776-00058975 you want something that rings your bells
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00267-00058976-00059135 and the thing that we really want you to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00268-00059136-00059415 hear is that when you let something just
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00269-00059416-00059630 be pleasant it's not really a big bell
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00270-00059632-00059942 ringer but it's not a downer either and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00271-00059944-00060103 so when you find something that's
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00272-00060104-00060287 pleasant something else will follow in
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00273-00060288-00060406 something else and something else and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00274-00060407-00060535 something else and something else and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00275-00060536-00060750 something else you see that passion that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00276-00060751-00060911 you're looking for you're really going
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00277-00060912-00061150 to like this so here's this vortex full
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00278-00061151-00061391 of ingredients they're all in
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00279-00061391-00061703 cooperation with one another and now you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00280-00061704-00062015 found a stick in your pile that you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00281-00062016-00062254 focused upon that had no resistance in
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00282-00062255-00062511 it and so now you have access to a whole
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00283-00062512-00062775 bunch of stuff in your vibrational
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00284-00062776-00063015 reality you have access to things in
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00285-00063016-00063223 your vibrational reality that in your
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00286-00063224-00063391 normal practical life you don't have
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00287-00063391-00063511 access to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00288-00063512-00063791 and so if it's enough for you to just
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00289-00063791-00064054 feel that calm pleasure of
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00290-00064055-00064399 non-resistance then what happens is
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00291-00064400-00064726 you'll begin to receive something more
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00292-00064727-00065063 from this and at first it won't be
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00293-00065064-00065303 really bell ringing but it will be
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00294-00065304-00065559 pleasant and if it's pleasant that's
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00295-00065560-00065791 enough in other words let's just say
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00296-00065792-00066015 that something that isn't negative
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00297-00066016-00066231 something that doesn't feel bad
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00298-00066232-00066359 is enough
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00299-00066360-00066519 because if you can find something that's
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00300-00066520-00066775 just neutral and that doesn't feel bad
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00301-00066776-00066943 that's the beginning of positive
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00302-00066944-00067150 momentum because you're not doing that
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00303-00067151-00067319 thing that you usually do that takes it
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00304-00067320-00067463 in the other direction
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00305-00067464-00067671 so now something else will come and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00306-00067672-00067823 something else will come and something
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00307-00067824-00068135 else will come but you got to be patient
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00308-00068136-00068311 the other day we were speaking with a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00309-00068312-00068663 very nice person who was wanting
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00310-00068664-00068871 more movement in her work
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00311-00068872-00069215 and she used the word vehicle in her
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00312-00069216-00069359 question to us
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00313-00069360-00069591 and so we said imagine that you're in a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00314-00069592-00069831 vehicle and you're moving along
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00315-00069832-00069911 and
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00316-00069912-00070159 everything's satisfying
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00317-00070160-00070359 nothing to write home about it's not
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00318-00070360-00070575 ringing your bells
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00319-00070576-00070719 not even
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00320-00070720-00071031 but doesn't suck
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00321-00071032-00071150 it's okay
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00322-00071151-00071343 feels pretty good so you're just moving
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00323-00071344-00071438 along
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00324-00071439-00071694 and in that absence of resistance
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00325-00071695-00071911 thoughts not ringing your bells but it's
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00326-00071912-00072206 not resistant either following us
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00327-00072207-00072391 she looks over oh there's another
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00328-00072392-00072535 vehicle
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00329-00072536-00072711 extra pretty
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00330-00072712-00072919 it just moves over there just goes down
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00331-00072920-00073079 the road a little bit
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00332-00073080-00073271 doesn't ring her bells
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00333-00073272-00073494 nothing to write home about
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00334-00073495-00073862 doesn't suck
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00335-00073863-00073975 she looks over and there's another
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00336-00073976-00074247 vehicle
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00337-00074248-00074550 faster brighter shinier so just slip
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00338-00074551-00074759 right into it because it's right there
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00339-00074760-00074903 and off you go
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00340-00074904-00075167 and then off you go and then off you go
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00341-00075168-00075367 and then off you go and pretty soon
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00342-00075368-00075559 those bells are ringing
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00343-00075560-00075682 you see how it
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00344-00075683-00075855 is
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00345-00075856-00076055 the breakthrough for her
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00346-00076056-00076359 and it is for you too
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00347-00076360-00076638 she wanted to go from this vehicle to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00348-00076639-00076919 that one and she wanted to do it now
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00349-00076920-00077071 and law of attraction just doesn't help
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00350-00077072-00077367 you do that because when you reach for a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00351-00077368-00077567 stick that you're not a vibrational
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00352-00077568-00077703 match to
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00353-00077704-00077911 all it does is activate where you are
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00354-00077912-00078126 instead of where you want to be
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00355-00078127-00078206 so
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00356-00078207-00078326 something that just feels a little
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00357-00078327-00078535 better has to be enough you know why
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00358-00078536-00078743 it's all you have access to has to be
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00359-00078744-00078991 enough has to be enough and it's enough
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00360-00078992-00079143 it's enough it's the path of least
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00361-00079144-00079423 resistance the path of least resistance
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00362-00079424-00079599 is something that either leaves you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00363-00079600-00079791 where you are or feels a little better
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00364-00079792-00079999 that's the path of least resistance but
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00365-00080000-00080223 when you try to make a bigger jump then
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00366-00080224-00080415 you're ready to make then there's a
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00367-00080416-00080671 backlash involved in it that keeps you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00368-00080672-00080950 eternally dissatisfied and a striver
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00369-00080951-00081055 like you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00370-00081056-00081215 someone with a clear mind like you've
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00371-00081216-00081462 got someone who focuses powerfully like
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00372-00081463-00081694 you do someone who's practical like you
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00373-00081695-00081871 are you keep shooting yourself in the
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00374-00081872-00082071 foot
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00375-00082072-00082294 helpful yes
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00376-00082295-00082431 something else
+HJ07P2o1ujk-00377-00082432-00082807 no really good thank you
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00000-00000000-00000936 [Music]
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00001-00000938-00001265 hi this is dr. Don and I have a problem
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00002-00001266-00001676 out of McClain chapter three and this
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00003-00001677-00001973 has to do with conditional probabilities
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00004-00001973-00002362 were given a table of summary data here
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00005-00002363-00002783 about two types of meals lunch and
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00006-00002784-00003109 dinner and whether or not patrons rated
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00007-00003110-00003488 the service good or poor this is a total
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00008-00003489-00003785 of 133 and you can see they've given you
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00009-00003786-00004129 the column totals down here and the row
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00010-00004130-00004336 totals here in the grand total here
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00011-00004337-00004504 which is good if you're trying to do
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00012-00004505-00004745 this with a manual calculator but if
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00013-00004746-00004927 you're trying to do it using statcrunch
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00014-00004928-00005210 it adds a little bit of complexity so
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00015-00005211-00005441 let's see the first question is given
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00016-00005442-00005627 that the meal was a dinner what's the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00017-00005628-00005902 probability that service was poor the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00018-00005903-00006127 way to think about this we look over
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00019-00006128-00006638 here dinner is a row so we need the row
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00020-00006639-00006959 values here and we want to know given if
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00021-00006959-00007189 it's dinner given gives you the clue
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00022-00007190-00007621 that that is the assumption the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00023-00007622-00007901 conditional and the probability that
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00024-00007902-00008198 service is poor so let's jump in to
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00025-00008199-00008351 statcrunch remember we can go to the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00026-00008352-00008570 little rectangle there click on copy the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00027-00008571-00008924 table and we'll open in statcrunch okay
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00028-00008925-00009292 we've got statcrunch open and here's the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00029-00009293-00009517 problem that we have for some reason
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00030-00009518-00009760 when they design this particular problem
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00031-00009761-00010139 in my stat lab they included these row
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00032-00010140-00010471 and column totals and that confuses
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00033-00010472-00010624 statcrunch so the first thing you need
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00034-00010625-00010903 to do is to highlight those and use
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00035-00010904-00011219 control X to delete those totals and
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00036-00011220-00011435 then I'm gonna highlight this column and
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00037-00011436-00011777 then use control X to delete that now we
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00038-00011778-00012017 have just the information statcrunch can
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00039-00012018-00012242 use and not get confused so we go to
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00040-00012243-00012641 stat look down until we find tables and
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00041-00012642-00012938 then we go to contingency with summary
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00042-00012938-00013278 our columns
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00043-00013279-00013725 or the service good and service poor and
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00044-00013726-00014103 then our row labels are the meals we're
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00045-00014104-00014261 gonna go ahead and select the row
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00046-00014262-00014580 percent hold down the control key at the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00047-00014581-00014963 column percent and the percent of total
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00048-00014965-00015122 and I'm going to go ahead and leave
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00049-00015123-00015336 everything else standard in this click
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00050-00015337-00015725 compute so we get a table here a
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00051-00015726-00015941 contingency table that we can use to
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00052-00015943-00016178 answer our questions and it looks
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00053-00016179-00016514 complex and confusing but if you
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00054-00016515-00016716 remember what I told you the first
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00055-00016717-00016974 question is given that the meal was a
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00056-00016975-00017253 dinner so we look for dinner
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00057-00017254-00017502 that's in a row you can see the row is
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00058-00017503-00017711 highlighted there and we want to know
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00059-00017712-00017930 what is there probably the service was
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00060-00017931-00018200 poor so we look in the poor column but
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00061-00018201-00018519 we're in the dinner row we look up here
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00062-00018520-00018711 in this legend you can see that the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00063-00018712-00019044 first number in parentheses is the row
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00064-00019045-00019353 percent the second is the column percent
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00065-00019354-00019578 and the third is percent of total so we
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00066-00019579-00019818 go down here in our dinner row we go to
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00067-00019819-00020055 the service fourth column and we want
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00068-00020056-00020318 the road percent and that's sixty one
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00069-00020319-00020597 point five four percent and remember we
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00070-00020598-00020883 need to change that back to decimal so
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00071-00020884-00021215 it'd be point six one five which is the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00072-00021216-00021480 answer over here the second question is
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00073-00021481-00021728 if the respondent gives a good tip
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00074-00021729-00022053 that's the given that excuse me it gives
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00075-00022054-00022305 a good rating that's two given what does
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00076-00022306-00022562 it probably respondent had lunch so we
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00077-00022563-00022712 look over here in the service good
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00078-00022713-00023061 rating this is a column number and we're
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00079-00023062-00023250 looking at what is the probability that
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00080-00023251-00023496 if the service rating was good that it
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00081-00023497-00023747 was lunch so we look up here we want the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00082-00023748-00023955 column percent which is the second
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00083-00023956-00024303 number and that is here sixty six point
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00084-00024304-00024668 six seven or 0.667 if we've got that to
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00085-00024669-00025019 decimal and that is the answer there so
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00086-00025020-00025340 we can answer the last part part C as
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00087-00025341-00025617 well using this contingency table the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00088-00025618-00025881 question is are the events poor service
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00089-00025882-00026195 and dinner independent well we can look
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00090-00026196-00026345 at that two different ways and we're
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00091-00026346-00026570 going to look at the answer here the way
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00092-00026571-00026655 they're looking at
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00093-00026656-00026918 is the probably a poor given dinner
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00094-00026919-00027348 equal to or not equal to poor so let's
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00095-00027349-00027504 look over here in our table
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00096-00027505-00027914 pour the probability of poor we look
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00097-00027916-00028101 down in this column service poorest at
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00098-00028102-00028502 the bottom that's 58 out of 133 which is
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00099-00028504-00028632 if we look at the percent of the total
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00100-00028633-00029014 which is the last value in parentheses
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00101-00029016-00029457 forty three point six one percent the
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00102-00029458-00029939 probability of poor given dinner is this
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00103-00029941-00030129 row remember because we've got given
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00104-00030130-00030357 that's the clue that it's the thing
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00105-00030358-00030756 after the bar so we look at the row
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00106-00030757-00031058 percent which is sixty one point five
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00107-00031060-00031362 four because sixty one point 5 4 is not
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00108-00031363-00031644 equal to forty three point six one then
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00109-00031645-00032004 they are not independent and so that's
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00110-00032005-00032187 your answer here no because of
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00111-00032188-00032436 probability a poor given dinner is not
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00112-00032437-00032645 equal to the probability of poor hope
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00113-00032647-00032895 this helps
+HJm0HVAr-ho-00114-00032896-00033102 you
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00000-00000000-00001006 [Music]
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00001-00001007-00001397 hi this is dr. Don this is another video
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00002-00001398-00001775 in the Monte Carlo simulation series on
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00003-00001776-00002063 this one I'm just going to focus on how
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00004-00002064-00002372 to use the triangle distribution
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00005-00002373-00002729 calculator I provided on some of the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00006-00002730-00003173 problems Excel does not have a built-in
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00007-00003174-00003688 function to calculate either the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00008-00003689-00004010 probability under a triangular
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00009-00004011-00004409 distribution or of course the x value
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00010-00004410-00004697 the random variable value that generates
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00011-00004698-00004972 that probability if you have a more
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00012-00004973-00005168 expensive software package such as
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00013-00005169-00005431 crystal ball or X at risk
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00014-00005432-00005701 those have these built in triangular
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00015-00005702-00005997 distributions but Plano Excel doesn't
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00016-00005998-00006331 unfortunately many business decisions
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00017-00006332-00006646 you see the only information available
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00018-00006647-00007021 is in the form of a low estimate a high
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00019-00007022-00007352 estimate and most likely sometimes it's
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00020-00007353-00007645 called worst-case best-case most likely
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00021-00007647-00007924 case it's very common in business so I
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00022-00007925-00008162 built this calculator and I have another
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00023-00008163-00008444 video that shows the theory behind the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00024-00008445-00008767 calculator and and how triangular
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00025-00008768-00009028 distributions work this video is just on
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00026-00009029-00009251 how to use that little calculator that
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00027-00009252-00009496 I'm providing looking back at our
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00028-00009497-00009848 outsourcing decision model previously we
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00029-00009849-00010110 just had two variables that were
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00030-00010111-00010474 randomly varying and that was the demand
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00031-00010475-00010771 under normal distribution and the you
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00032-00010772-00011063 the UVC the unit variable cost we also
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00033-00011064-00011292 had an under a normal in this particular
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00034-00011293-00011592 spreadsheet now I'm adding the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00035-00011593-00011920 outsourced unit costs oh you see as a
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00036-00011921-00012284 triangular distribution with a low
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00037-00012285-00012617 estimate of 150 dollars a high estimate
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00038-00012618-00013230 of 185 and a most likely estimate of 165
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00039-00013231-00013440 is the little calculator that I created
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00040-00013441-00013635 and that I'm providing on some models
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00041-00013636-00013968 and you have to input the low most
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00042-00013969-00014277 likely and high values they can be in
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00043-00014278-00014487 dollars they can be in percents if
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00044-00014488-00014772 you're looking at inflation or increases
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00045-00014772-00014975 in prices but is spotting it they have
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00046-00014976-00015233 to be consistent and you've got to put
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00047-00015234-00015621 it in this pattern low medium high and I
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00048-00015622-00016016 label those a a 1 C 1 and B 1 so that
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00049-00016018-00016241 will help you do your modeling the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00050-00016243-00016499 calculator outputs the cumulative
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00051-00016500-00016686 probability distribution that's
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00052-00016687-00016941 everything to the left do you think of
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00053-00016942-00017124 our traditional curves and you'll
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00054-00017125-00017330 understand that better when you see the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00055-00017331-00017565 other video associated with the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00056-00017566-00017871 triangular distribution but I also have
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00057-00017872-00018228 included a formula that will do the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00058-00018229-00018519 inverse of that takes that probability
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00059-00018520-00018837 and gives us the x value which is what
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00060-00018838-00019080 we need in this particular case with
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00061-00019081-00019482 that said I took the value here in this
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00062-00019483-00019905 cell which is the output cell and link
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00063-00019906-00020297 that up here to the oh you see and then
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00064-00020298-00020609 of course we did the spreadsheet you can
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00065-00020610-00021147 see the OUC goes down here to the random
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00066-00021148-00021530 variable the random variable uses all
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00067-00021531-00022038 four of those inputs and then over here
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00068-00022039-00022553 of course my OAC links back here so from
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00069-00022554-00022866 there to there to there to the random
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00070-00022867-00023075 remember we've got to have all the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00071-00023076-00023433 variables that are we want to randomize
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00072-00023434-00023834 in our data table and so I'm just going
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00073-00023835-00024036 to stop there you know how to create the
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00074-00024037-00024287 data table for now on so that's how to
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00075-00024288-00024509 use the triangular distribution I hope
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00076-00024510-00024590 this helps
+HLj-Zak9ZQk-00077-00024591-00025300 [Music]
+HNPDFfNOicY-00000-00000075-00000441 nanobiotechnology bionanotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00001-00000442-00000713 and nanobiology are terms that refer to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00002-00000714-00000975 the intersection of nanotechnology and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00003-00000976-00001304 biology given that the subject is one
+HNPDFfNOicY-00004-00001305-00001607 that has only emerged very recently via
+HNPDFfNOicY-00005-00001607-00001878 nanotechnology and nano biotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00006-00001879-00002109 serve as blanket terms for various
+HNPDFfNOicY-00007-00002110-00002469 related technologies this discipline
+HNPDFfNOicY-00008-00002470-00002649 helps to indicate the merger of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00009-00002650-00002922 biological research with various fields
+HNPDFfNOicY-00010-00002923-00003245 of nanotechnology concepts that are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00011-00003246-00003497 enhanced through nanobiology include
+HNPDFfNOicY-00012-00003498-00003851 nano devices such as biological machines
+HNPDFfNOicY-00013-00003852-00004119 nanoparticles and nano scale phenomena
+HNPDFfNOicY-00014-00004120-00004310 that occurs within the discipline of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00015-00004311-00004638 nanotechnology this technical approach
+HNPDFfNOicY-00016-00004639-00004944 to biology allows scientists to imagine
+HNPDFfNOicY-00017-00004945-00005175 and create systems that can be used for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00018-00005176-00005520 biological research biologically
+HNPDFfNOicY-00019-00005521-00005856 inspired nanotechnology uses biological
+HNPDFfNOicY-00020-00005857-00006051 systems as the inspirations for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00021-00006052-00006410 technologies not yet created however as
+HNPDFfNOicY-00022-00006411-00006685 with nanotechnology and biotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00023-00006686-00006956 bionanotechnology does have many
+HNPDFfNOicY-00024-00006957-00007217 potential ethical issues associated with
+HNPDFfNOicY-00025-00007218-00007341 it
+HNPDFfNOicY-00026-00007342-00007584 the most important objectives that are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00027-00007584-00007871 frequently found in nanobiology involve
+HNPDFfNOicY-00028-00007872-00008131 applying nano tools to relevant medical
+HNPDFfNOicY-00029-00008133-00008388 biological problems and refining these
+HNPDFfNOicY-00030-00008389-00008769 applications developing new tools such
+HNPDFfNOicY-00031-00008770-00009024 as peptide nana sheets for medical and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00032-00009025-00009285 biological purposes as another primary
+HNPDFfNOicY-00033-00009286-00009651 objective in nano technology new nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00034-00009652-00009873 tools are often made by refining the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00035-00009874-00010095 applications of the nano tools that are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00036-00010096-00010438 already being used the imaging of native
+HNPDFfNOicY-00037-00010439-00010734 biomolecules biological membranes and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00038-00010735-00010998 tissues is also a major topic for the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00039-00010999-00011349 nano biology researchers other topics
+HNPDFfNOicY-00040-00011350-00011621 concerning nanobiology include the use
+HNPDFfNOicY-00041-00011622-00011846 of cantilever array sensors and the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00042-00011847-00012066 application of nanophotonics for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00043-00012067-00012299 manipulating molecular processes in
+HNPDFfNOicY-00044-00012300-00012538 living cells recently the use of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00045-00012539-00012798 microorganisms to synthesize functional
+HNPDFfNOicY-00046-00012799-00013157 nanoparticles has been of great interest
+HNPDFfNOicY-00047-00013158-00013400 microorganisms can change the oxidation
+HNPDFfNOicY-00048-00013401-00013668 state of metals these microbial
+HNPDFfNOicY-00049-00013669-00013856 processes have opened up new
+HNPDFfNOicY-00050-00013857-00014118 opportunities for us to explore novel
+HNPDFfNOicY-00051-00014119-00014328 applications for example the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00052-00014329-00014663 biosynthesis of metal nanomaterials in
+HNPDFfNOicY-00053-00014663-00014880 contrast to chemical and physical
+HNPDFfNOicY-00054-00014881-00015159 methods microbial processes for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00055-00015160-00015384 synthesizing nanomaterials can be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00056-00015385-00015633 achieved in aqueous phase under gentle
+HNPDFfNOicY-00057-00015634-00015860 and environmentally benign conditions
+HNPDFfNOicY-00058-00015861-00016118 this approach has become an attractive
+HNPDFfNOicY-00059-00016119-00016403 focus in current green bionanotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00060-00016404-00017241 research towards sustainable development
+HNPDFfNOicY-00061-00017242-00017808 topic terminology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00062-00017809-00018072 the terms are often used interchangeably
+HNPDFfNOicY-00063-00018073-00018391 when a distinction is intended though it
+HNPDFfNOicY-00064-00018392-00018594 is based on whether the focus is on
+HNPDFfNOicY-00065-00018595-00018886 applying biological ideas or on studying
+HNPDFfNOicY-00066-00018887-00019145 biology with nanotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00067-00019146-00019464 bionanotechnology generally refers to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00068-00019465-00019655 the study of how the goals of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00069-00019656-00019908 nanotechnology can be guided by studying
+HNPDFfNOicY-00070-00019909-00020275 how biological machines work and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00071-00020276-00020547 adapting these biological motifs into
+HNPDFfNOicY-00072-00020548-00020830 improving existing nanotechnologies or
+HNPDFfNOicY-00073-00020831-00021234 creating new ones nanobiotechnology on
+HNPDFfNOicY-00074-00021235-00021500 the other hand refers to the waste that
+HNPDFfNOicY-00075-00021501-00021724 nanotechnology is used to create devices
+HNPDFfNOicY-00076-00021725-00022027 to study biological systems in other
+HNPDFfNOicY-00077-00022028-00022333 words nanobiotechnology is essentially
+HNPDFfNOicY-00078-00022334-00022603 miniaturized biotechnology whereas
+HNPDFfNOicY-00079-00022604-00022858 bionanotechnology is a specific
+HNPDFfNOicY-00080-00022859-00023178 application of nanotechnology for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00081-00023179-00023524 example DNA nanotechnology or cellular
+HNPDFfNOicY-00082-00023525-00023700 engineering would be classified as
+HNPDFfNOicY-00083-00023701-00023967 bionanotechnology because they involve
+HNPDFfNOicY-00084-00023968-00024180 working with biomolecules on the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00085-00024181-00024549 nanoscale conversely many new medical
+HNPDFfNOicY-00086-00024550-00024819 technologies involving nanoparticles as
+HNPDFfNOicY-00087-00024820-00025071 delivery systems or as sensors would be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00088-00025072-00025365 examples of nanobiotechnology since they
+HNPDFfNOicY-00089-00025366-00025624 involve using nanotechnology to advance
+HNPDFfNOicY-00090-00025625-00025993 the goals of biology the definitions
+HNPDFfNOicY-00091-00025994-00026208 enumerated above will be utilized
+HNPDFfNOicY-00092-00026209-00026452 whenever a distinction between nano Bo
+HNPDFfNOicY-00093-00026452-00026702 and bi enano is made in this article
+HNPDFfNOicY-00094-00026703-00027039 however given the overlapping usage of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00095-00027040-00027304 the terms in modern parlance individual
+HNPDFfNOicY-00096-00027305-00027546 technologies may need to be evaluated to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00097-00027547-00027804 determine which term is more fitting as
+HNPDFfNOicY-00098-00027805-00028617 such they are best discussed in parallel
+HNPDFfNOicY-00099-00028618-00029174 topic concepts
+HNPDFfNOicY-00100-00029175-00029448 most of the scientific concepts in
+HNPDFfNOicY-00101-00029449-00029717 bionanotechnology are derived from other
+HNPDFfNOicY-00102-00029718-00030077 fields biochemical principles that are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00103-00030078-00030273 used to understand the material
+HNPDFfNOicY-00104-00030274-00030527 properties of biological systems are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00105-00030528-00030798 central in bionanotechnology because
+HNPDFfNOicY-00106-00030799-00031017 those same principles are to be used to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00107-00031018-00031343 create new technologies material
+HNPDFfNOicY-00108-00031344-00031601 properties and applications studied in
+HNPDFfNOicY-00109-00031602-00031848 Baia nanoscience include mechanical
+HNPDFfNOicY-00110-00031849-00032129 properties eg deformation adhesion
+HNPDFfNOicY-00111-00032130-00032517 failure electrical electronic eg electro
+HNPDFfNOicY-00112-00032518-00032826 mechanical stimulation capacitors energy
+HNPDFfNOicY-00113-00032827-00033161 storage batteries optical eg absorption
+HNPDFfNOicY-00114-00033162-00033507 luminescence photo chemistry thermal eg
+HNPDFfNOicY-00115-00033508-00033745 thermo mutability thermal management
+HNPDFfNOicY-00116-00033746-00034073 biological eg how cells interact with
+HNPDFfNOicY-00117-00034074-00034405 nanomaterials molecular flaws defects
+HNPDFfNOicY-00118-00034406-00034736 biosensing biological mechanisms s a
+HNPDFfNOicY-00119-00034737-00035042 Meccano sensing nanoscience of disease
+HNPDFfNOicY-00120-00035043-00035396 eg genetic disease cancer organ tissue
+HNPDFfNOicY-00121-00035397-00035730 failure as well as computing eg DNA
+HNPDFfNOicY-00122-00035731-00036020 computing an agriculture target delivery
+HNPDFfNOicY-00123-00036021-00036311 of pesticides hormones and fertilizers
+HNPDFfNOicY-00124-00036312-00036602 the impact of bian NO science
+HNPDFfNOicY-00125-00036603-00036776 achieved through structural and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00126-00036777-00037046 mechanistic analyses of biological
+HNPDFfNOicY-00127-00037047-00037262 processes at nano scale is their
+HNPDFfNOicY-00128-00037263-00037469 translation into synthetic and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00129-00037470-00037682 technological applications through
+HNPDFfNOicY-00130-00037683-00037900 nanotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00131-00037901-00038192 nanobiotechnology takes most of its
+HNPDFfNOicY-00132-00038193-00038516 fundamentals from nanotechnology most of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00133-00038517-00038698 the devices designed for nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00134-00038699-00038972 biotechnological use are directly based
+HNPDFfNOicY-00135-00038973-00039385 on other existing nano technologies nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00136-00039386-00039611 biotechnology is often used to describe
+HNPDFfNOicY-00137-00039612-00039857 the overlapping multidisciplinary
+HNPDFfNOicY-00138-00039858-00040148 activities associated with biosensors
+HNPDFfNOicY-00139-00040149-00040448 particularly where photonics chemistry
+HNPDFfNOicY-00140-00040449-00040793 biology biophysics nano medicine and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00141-00040794-00041102 engineering converge measurement in
+HNPDFfNOicY-00142-00041103-00041396 biology using waveguide techniques such
+HNPDFfNOicY-00143-00041397-00041666 as dual polarisation interferometry are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00144-00041667-00042146 another example
+HNPDFfNOicY-00145-00042147-00042308 you
+HNPDFfNOicY-00146-00042309-00042915 topic applications
+HNPDFfNOicY-00147-00042916-00043213 applications of bionanotechnology are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00148-00043214-00043523 extremely widespread insofar as the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00149-00043524-00043813 distinction holds nanobiotechnology is
+HNPDFfNOicY-00150-00043814-00044048 much more commonplace in that it simply
+HNPDFfNOicY-00151-00044049-00044263 provides more tools for the study of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00152-00044264-00044665 biology by a nanotechnology on the other
+HNPDFfNOicY-00153-00044666-00044960 hand promises to recreate biological
+HNPDFfNOicY-00154-00044961-00045190 mechanisms and pathways in a form that
+HNPDFfNOicY-00155-00045191-00045864 is useful in other ways
+HNPDFfNOicY-00156-00045865-00046446 topic nanomedicine
+HNPDFfNOicY-00157-00046447-00046663 nanomedicine is a field of medical
+HNPDFfNOicY-00158-00046664-00046861 science whose applications are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00159-00046862-00047083 increasing more and more thanks to nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00160-00047084-00047362 robots and biological machines which
+HNPDFfNOicY-00161-00047363-00047608 constitute a very useful tool to develop
+HNPDFfNOicY-00162-00047609-00047974 this area of knowledge in the past years
+HNPDFfNOicY-00163-00047975-00048181 researchers have made many improvements
+HNPDFfNOicY-00164-00048182-00048427 in the different devices and systems
+HNPDFfNOicY-00165-00048428-00048760 required to develop nano robots this
+HNPDFfNOicY-00166-00048761-00048988 supposes a new way of treating and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00167-00048989-00049216 dealing with diseases such as cancer
+HNPDFfNOicY-00168-00049217-00049480 thanks to nano robots side-effects of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00169-00049481-00049675 chemotherapy have been controlled
+HNPDFfNOicY-00170-00049676-00049939 reduced and even eliminated so some
+HNPDFfNOicY-00171-00049940-00050173 years from now cancer patients will be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00172-00050174-00050356 offered an alternative to treat this
+HNPDFfNOicY-00173-00050357-00050608 disease instead of chemotherapy which
+HNPDFfNOicY-00174-00050609-00050860 causes secondary effects such as hair
+HNPDFfNOicY-00175-00050861-00051133 loss fatigue or nausea killing not only
+HNPDFfNOicY-00176-00051134-00051364 cancerous cells but also the healthy
+HNPDFfNOicY-00177-00051365-00051703 ones at a clinical level cancer
+HNPDFfNOicY-00178-00051704-00051904 treatment with nano medicine will
+HNPDFfNOicY-00179-00051904-00052162 consist of the supply of nano robots to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00180-00052163-00052327 the patient through an injection that
+HNPDFfNOicY-00181-00052328-00052540 will search for cancerous cells while
+HNPDFfNOicY-00182-00052541-00052827 leaving untouched the healthy ones
+HNPDFfNOicY-00183-00052828-00053041 patients that will be treated through
+HNPDFfNOicY-00184-00053041-00053248 nano medicine will not notice the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00185-00053249-00053464 presence of these nano machines inside
+HNPDFfNOicY-00186-00053465-00053679 them the only thing that is going to be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00187-00053680-00053820 noticeable as the progressive
+HNPDFfNOicY-00188-00053821-00054482 improvement of their health
+HNPDFfNOicY-00189-00054483-00055124 topic nanobiotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00190-00055125-00055443 nanobiotechnology sometimes referred to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00191-00055444-00055743 as nanobiology is best described as
+HNPDFfNOicY-00192-00055744-00055974 helping modern medicine progress from
+HNPDFfNOicY-00193-00055975-00056209 treating symptoms to generating cures
+HNPDFfNOicY-00194-00056210-00056490 and regenerating biological tissues
+HNPDFfNOicY-00195-00056491-00056773 three American patients have received
+HNPDFfNOicY-00196-00056774-00056994 whole cultured bladders with the help of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00197-00056995-00057253 doctors who use nano biology techniques
+HNPDFfNOicY-00198-00057254-00057571 in their practice also it has been
+HNPDFfNOicY-00199-00057572-00057804 demonstrated in animal studies that a
+HNPDFfNOicY-00200-00057805-00058032 uterus can be grown outside the body and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00201-00058033-00058257 then placed in the body in order to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00202-00058258-00058605 produce a baby stem cell treatments have
+HNPDFfNOicY-00203-00058606-00058824 been used to fix diseases that are found
+HNPDFfNOicY-00204-00058825-00059047 in the human heart and are in clinical
+HNPDFfNOicY-00205-00059048-00059349 trials in the United States there is
+HNPDFfNOicY-00206-00059350-00059574 also funding for research into allowing
+HNPDFfNOicY-00207-00059575-00059809 people to have new limbs without having
+HNPDFfNOicY-00208-00059810-00060132 to resort to prosthesis artificial
+HNPDFfNOicY-00209-00060133-00060369 proteins might also become available to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00210-00060370-00060586 manufacture without the need for harsh
+HNPDFfNOicY-00211-00060587-00060936 chemicals and expensive machines it has
+HNPDFfNOicY-00212-00060937-00061206 even been surmised that by the year 2050
+HNPDFfNOicY-00213-00061207-00061465 five computers may be made out of bio
+HNPDFfNOicY-00214-00061466-00061719 chemicals and organic salts another
+HNPDFfNOicY-00215-00061720-00061966 example of current nano biotechnological
+HNPDFfNOicY-00216-00061966-00062244 research involves nanospheres coated
+HNPDFfNOicY-00217-00062245-00062560 with fluorescent polymers researchers
+HNPDFfNOicY-00218-00062561-00062769 are seeking to design polymers whose
+HNPDFfNOicY-00219-00062770-00062947 fluorescence is quenched when they
+HNPDFfNOicY-00220-00062948-00063288 encounter specific molecules different
+HNPDFfNOicY-00221-00063289-00063468 polymers would detect different
+HNPDFfNOicY-00222-00063469-00063772 metabolites the polymer coated spheres
+HNPDFfNOicY-00223-00063773-00064003 could become part of new biological
+HNPDFfNOicY-00224-00064004-00064242 assays and the technology might someday
+HNPDFfNOicY-00225-00064243-00064431 lead to particles which could be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00226-00064432-00064662 introduced into the human body to track
+HNPDFfNOicY-00227-00064663-00064938 down metabolites associated with tumors
+HNPDFfNOicY-00228-00064939-00065209 and other health problems another
+HNPDFfNOicY-00229-00065210-00065410 example from a different perspective
+HNPDFfNOicY-00230-00065411-00065676 would be evaluation and therapy at the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00231-00065677-00065935 nanoscopic level ie the treatment of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00232-00065936-00066310 nano bacteria 25 to 200 nanometers sized
+HNPDFfNOicY-00233-00066311-00066709 as is done by nana biotech firm ax while
+HNPDFfNOicY-00234-00066710-00066997 nano biology is in its infancy there are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00235-00066998-00067198 a lot of promising methods that will
+HNPDFfNOicY-00236-00067199-00067536 rely on nano biology in the future
+HNPDFfNOicY-00237-00067537-00067806 biological systems are inherently nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00238-00067807-00068082 in scale nanoscience must merge with
+HNPDFfNOicY-00239-00068083-00068340 biology in order to deliver bio
+HNPDFfNOicY-00240-00068341-00068491 macromolecules and moe
+HNPDFfNOicY-00241-00068492-00068671 alekhya ler machines that are similar to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00242-00068672-00068982 nature controlling and mimicking the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00243-00068983-00069178 devices and processes that are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00244-00069179-00069369 constructed from molecules as a
+HNPDFfNOicY-00245-00069370-00069565 tremendous challenge to face the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00246-00069566-00069819 converging disciplines of nanotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00247-00069820-00070036 all living things
+HNPDFfNOicY-00248-00070037-00070285 including humans can be considered to be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00249-00070286-00070636 nano foundries natural evolution has
+HNPDFfNOicY-00250-00070637-00070972 optimized the natural form of nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00251-00070973-00071296 biology over millions of years in the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00252-00071297-00071596 21st century humans have developed the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00253-00071597-00071826 technology to artificially tap into
+HNPDFfNOicY-00254-00071827-00072175 nanobiology this process is best
+HNPDFfNOicY-00255-00072176-00072460 described as organic merging with
+HNPDFfNOicY-00256-00072461-00072790 synthetic colonies of live neurons can
+HNPDFfNOicY-00257-00072791-00072997 live together on a biochip device
+HNPDFfNOicY-00258-00072998-00073257 according to research from dr. gunther
+HNPDFfNOicY-00259-00073258-00073605 gross at the University of North Texas
+HNPDFfNOicY-00260-00073606-00073825 self-assembling nanotubes have the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00261-00073826-00074007 ability to be used as a structural
+HNPDFfNOicY-00262-00074008-00074301 system they would be composed together
+HNPDFfNOicY-00263-00074302-00074509 with rhodopsins which would facilitate
+HNPDFfNOicY-00264-00074510-00074821 the optical computing process and help
+HNPDFfNOicY-00265-00074822-00075141 with the storage of biological materials
+HNPDFfNOicY-00266-00075142-00075436 DNA as the software for all living
+HNPDFfNOicY-00267-00075437-00075644 things can be used as a structural
+HNPDFfNOicY-00268-00075645-00075963 proteomic system a logical component for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00269-00075964-00076261 molecular computing Ned Seeman a
+HNPDFfNOicY-00270-00076262-00076531 researcher at New York University along
+HNPDFfNOicY-00271-00076532-00076696 with other researchers are currently
+HNPDFfNOicY-00272-00076697-00076942 researching concepts that are similar to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00273-00076943-00077516 each other
+HNPDFfNOicY-00274-00077517-00078139 topic bionanotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00275-00078140-00078472 DNA nanotechnology is one important
+HNPDFfNOicY-00276-00078473-00078769 example of bionanotechnology the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00277-00078770-00078976 utilization of the inherent properties
+HNPDFfNOicY-00278-00078977-00079294 of nucleic acids like DNA to create
+HNPDFfNOicY-00279-00079295-00079591 useful materials as a promising area of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00280-00079592-00079930 modern research another important area
+HNPDFfNOicY-00281-00079931-00080209 of research involves taking advantage of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00282-00080210-00080404 membrane properties to generate
+HNPDFfNOicY-00283-00080405-00080718 synthetic membranes proteins that
+HNPDFfNOicY-00284-00080719-00080950 self-assembled to generate functional
+HNPDFfNOicY-00285-00080951-00081163 materials could be used as a novel
+HNPDFfNOicY-00286-00081164-00081385 approach for the large-scale production
+HNPDFfNOicY-00287-00081386-00081712 of programmable nanomaterials one
+HNPDFfNOicY-00288-00081713-00081961 example as the development of amyloids
+HNPDFfNOicY-00289-00081962-00082216 found in bacterial biofilms as
+HNPDFfNOicY-00290-00082217-00082435 engineered nanomaterials that can be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00291-00082436-00082654 programmed genetically to have different
+HNPDFfNOicY-00292-00082655-00082972 properties protein folding studies
+HNPDFfNOicY-00293-00082973-00083188 provide a third important Avenue of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00294-00083189-00083404 research but one that has been largely
+HNPDFfNOicY-00295-00083405-00083656 inhibited by our inability to predict
+HNPDFfNOicY-00296-00083657-00083869 protein folding with a sufficiently high
+HNPDFfNOicY-00297-00083870-00084259 degree of accuracy given the myriad uses
+HNPDFfNOicY-00298-00084260-00084481 that biological systems have for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00299-00084482-00084550 proteins
+HNPDFfNOicY-00300-00084551-00084754 though research into understanding
+HNPDFfNOicY-00301-00084755-00084985 protein folding is of high importance
+HNPDFfNOicY-00302-00084986-00085132 and could prove fruitful for
+HNPDFfNOicY-00303-00085133-00085551 bionanotechnology in the future lipid
+HNPDFfNOicY-00304-00085552-00085807 nanotechnology as another major area of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00305-00085808-00086094 research in bionanotechnology where
+HNPDFfNOicY-00306-00086095-00086353 physical chemical properties of lipids
+HNPDFfNOicY-00307-00086354-00086524 such as their antifouling and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00308-00086525-00086782 self-assembly is exploited to build nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00309-00086783-00087037 devices with applications in medicine
+HNPDFfNOicY-00310-00087038-00087620 and engineering
+HNPDFfNOicY-00311-00087621-00088226 topic agriculture
+HNPDFfNOicY-00312-00088227-00088451 nanotechnology application to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00313-00088452-00088725 biotechnology leaves no field untouched
+HNPDFfNOicY-00314-00088726-00088917 by its groundbreaking scientific
+HNPDFfNOicY-00315-00088918-00089150 innovations for human wellness the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00316-00089151-00089466 agricultural industry is no exception
+HNPDFfNOicY-00317-00089467-00089718 basically nanomaterials are
+HNPDFfNOicY-00318-00089719-00089901 distinguished depending on the origin
+HNPDFfNOicY-00319-00089902-00090172 natural incidental and engineered
+HNPDFfNOicY-00320-00090173-00090519 nanoparticles among these engineered
+HNPDFfNOicY-00321-00090520-00090724 nanoparticles have received wide
+HNPDFfNOicY-00322-00090725-00090909 attention in all fields of science
+HNPDFfNOicY-00323-00090910-00091171 including medical materials and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00324-00091172-00091469 agriculture technology with significant
+HNPDFfNOicY-00325-00091470-00091765 socio-economical growth in the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00326-00091766-00091984 agriculture industry engineered
+HNPDFfNOicY-00327-00091985-00092218 nanoparticles have been serving as nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00328-00092219-00092512 carriers containing herbicides chemicals
+HNPDFfNOicY-00329-00092513-00092793 or genes which target particular plant
+HNPDFfNOicY-00330-00092794-00093036 parts to release their content
+HNPDFfNOicY-00331-00093037-00093282 previously nano capsules containing
+HNPDFfNOicY-00332-00093283-00093484 herbicides have been reported to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00333-00093485-00093709 effectively penetrate through cuticles
+HNPDFfNOicY-00334-00093710-00093930 and tissues allowing the slow and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00335-00093931-00094099 constant release of the active
+HNPDFfNOicY-00336-00094100-00094443 substances likewise other literature
+HNPDFfNOicY-00337-00094444-00094713 describes that nano encapsulated slow
+HNPDFfNOicY-00338-00094714-00094968 release of fertilisers has also become a
+HNPDFfNOicY-00339-00094969-00095232 trend to save fertiliser consumption and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00340-00095233-00095418 to minimize environmental pollution
+HNPDFfNOicY-00341-00095419-00095716 through precision farming these are only
+HNPDFfNOicY-00342-00095717-00095962 a few examples from numerous research
+HNPDFfNOicY-00343-00095963-00096180 works which might open up exciting
+HNPDFfNOicY-00344-00096181-00096423 opportunities for nanobiotechnology
+HNPDFfNOicY-00345-00096424-00096762 application in agriculture also
+HNPDFfNOicY-00346-00096763-00096999 application of this kind of engineered
+HNPDFfNOicY-00347-00097000-00097198 nanoparticles to plants should be
+HNPDFfNOicY-00348-00097199-00097405 considered the level of amicability
+HNPDFfNOicY-00349-00097406-00097626 before it is employed in agriculture
+HNPDFfNOicY-00350-00097627-00097948 practices based on a thorough literature
+HNPDFfNOicY-00351-00097949-00098205 survey it was understood that there is
+HNPDFfNOicY-00352-00098206-00098440 only limited authentic information
+HNPDFfNOicY-00353-00098441-00098682 available to explain the biological
+HNPDFfNOicY-00354-00098683-00098878 consequence of engineered nanoparticles
+HNPDFfNOicY-00355-00098879-00099253 on treated plants certain reports
+HNPDFfNOicY-00356-00099254-00099519 underlined the phyto toxicity of various
+HNPDFfNOicY-00357-00099520-00099768 origin of engineered nanoparticles to
+HNPDFfNOicY-00358-00099769-00099984 the plant caused by the subject of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00359-00099985-00100315 concentrations and sizes at the same
+HNPDFfNOicY-00360-00100316-00100593 time however an equal number of studies
+HNPDFfNOicY-00361-00100594-00100844 were reported with a positive outcome of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00362-00100845-00101092 nanoparticles which facilitate growth
+HNPDFfNOicY-00363-00101093-00101346 promoting nature to treat plant in
+HNPDFfNOicY-00364-00101347-00101548 particular compared
+HNPDFfNOicY-00365-00101549-00101810 two other nanoparticles silver and gold
+HNPDFfNOicY-00366-00101811-00102048 nanoparticles based applications
+HNPDFfNOicY-00367-00102049-00102318 elicited beneficial results on various
+HNPDFfNOicY-00368-00102319-00102547 plant species with less and or no
+HNPDFfNOicY-00369-00102548-00102993 toxicity silver nanoparticles a GN piece
+HNPDFfNOicY-00370-00102994-00103239 treated leaves of asparagus showed the
+HNPDFfNOicY-00371-00103240-00103450 increased content of ascorbate in
+HNPDFfNOicY-00372-00103451-00103565 chlorophyll
+HNPDFfNOicY-00373-00103566-00103956 similarly 8g NPS treated common bean and
+HNPDFfNOicY-00374-00103957-00104190 corn has increased shoot and root length
+HNPDFfNOicY-00375-00104191-00104438 leaf surface area chlorophyll
+HNPDFfNOicY-00376-00104439-00104682 carbohydrate and protein contents
+HNPDFfNOicY-00377-00104683-00105027 reported earlier the gold nanoparticle
+HNPDFfNOicY-00378-00105028-00105256 has been used to induce growth and seed
+HNPDFfNOicY-00379-00105257-00105961 yield in Brassica Yukiya
+HNPDFfNOicY-00380-00105963-00106496 topic tools
+HNPDFfNOicY-00381-00106497-00106751 this field relies on a variety of
+HNPDFfNOicY-00382-00106752-00107024 research methods including experimental
+HNPDFfNOicY-00383-00107025-00107330 tools eg imaging characterization via
+HNPDFfNOicY-00384-00107331-00107648 AFM optical tweezers etc x-ray
+HNPDFfNOicY-00385-00107649-00107923 diffraction based tools synthesis via
+HNPDFfNOicY-00386-00107924-00108197 self-assembly characterization of self
+HNPDFfNOicY-00387-00108198-00108661 assembly using eg MP SPR dpi recombinant
+HNPDFfNOicY-00388-00108663-00109067 DNA methods etc Theory eg statistical
+HNPDFfNOicY-00389-00109068-00109410 mechanics nano mechanics etc as well as
+HNPDFfNOicY-00390-00109411-00109691 computational approaches bottom-up multi
+HNPDFfNOicY-00391-00109692-00110447 scale simulation supercomputing
+HNPDFfNOicY-00392-00110448-00111004 topic see also
+HNPDFfNOicY-00393-00111005-00111560 colloidal gold gold nano beacons gold
+HNPDFfNOicY-00394-00111561-00112078 nanoparticle nana biomechanics nano
+HNPDFfNOicY-00395-00112079-00112461 medicine nanoparticle biomolecule
+HNPDFfNOicY-00396-00112463-00113133 conjugate nano submarine nana zaimes
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00000-00000000-00000329 Underneath It All who are we sexually
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00001-00000330-00000665 Bible cufflinks and stilettos with
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00002-00000666-00000862 Gisele St James
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00003-00000863-00001183 for mature audiences only
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00004-00001184-00003256 [Music]
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00005-00003257-00003556 watch Bible cufflinks and stilettos on
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00006-00003557-00003803 care of vision midnight on Mondays and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00007-00003804-00004020 Friday nights at 11 PM
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00008-00004021-00004265 sponsored by women and men of Excellence
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00009-00004266-00004799 Outreach Ministries
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00010-00004800-00004967 thank you for joining us for the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00011-00004968-00005219 continuation of this episode please
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00012-00005220-00005404 enjoy the program and don't forget to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00013-00005405-00005851 like comment share and subscribe
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00014-00005852-00006241 last week we spoke on the size of the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00015-00006242-00006427 penis
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00016-00006428-00006653 we're going to talk Elizabeth some more
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00017-00006654-00006953 about that as well tonight and we're
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00018-00006954-00007223 also going to be talking about body size
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00019-00007223-00007589 because also body size ladies and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00020-00007590-00007834 gentlemen sometimes that is a discussion
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00021-00007836-00008069 that we need to have because we always
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00022-00008070-00008381 have our little preference and sometimes
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00023-00008382-00008578 that throws us off when we talk about
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00024-00008579-00008807 sex don't it because we don't want to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00025-00008808-00008987 have sex with persons that have too much
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00026-00008988-00009095 bone
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00027-00009096-00009413 don't it men you won't have a little
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00028-00009414-00009760 cushion for the pushing don't it yeah I
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00029-00009761-00009971 have like a lumps here and there and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00030-00009972-00010169 some little swells and some like a roll
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00031-00010170-00010469 and yeah but then we also have those men
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00032-00010470-00010805 who don't want any woman with any little
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00033-00010806-00011033 extra fluff
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00034-00011034-00011428 and that can turn off and throw off
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00035-00011429-00011933 when we start having our relations all
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00036-00011934-00012269 right so we're talking about sex and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00037-00012270-00012623 size size and sex doesn't matter should
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00038-00012624-00012767 it matter
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00039-00012768-00013007 and how does it affect
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00040-00013008-00013613 how we have our sexual relations listen
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00041-00013613-00013972 to me we're gonna have a great great
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00042-00013973-00014285 talk today but before we go into that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00043-00014286-00014585 you know we have to have our self-check
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00044-00014586-00015047 exercise ladies and gentlemen so as you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00045-00015047-00015311 know how we do it you have to take a
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00046-00015312-00015472 deep breath in whether you want to do it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00047-00015473-00015658 loudly or silently you're gonna repeat
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00048-00015659-00015985 after me
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00049-00015986-00016200 foreign
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00050-00016201-00016877 I am present and in the moment
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00051-00016878-00017171 I welcome the information that will be
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00052-00017172-00017705 presented tonight with an open mind
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00053-00017706-00018179 I am committed to pleasing my partner
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00054-00018180-00018665 I am ready to learn and to practice
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00055-00018666-00018958 I will comment and share my experiences
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00056-00018959-00019321 to enhance tonight's session
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00057-00019322-00019643 I am ready
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00058-00019644-00019950 you ready you're ready
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00059-00019951-00020411 you're ready cause I'm ready I am so
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00060-00020412-00020819 very pretty please and attention listen
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00061-00020820-00021058 to me of course you know we have to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00062-00021059-00021317 bring our Holy Spirit in so we're going
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00063-00021318-00021436 to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00064-00021437-00021700 have a little prayer session right now
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00065-00021701-00022114 Lord we are so thankful for your gifts
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00066-00022115-00022499 and Lord God you give good gifts
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00067-00022500-00022828 Lord Jesus I want to thank you for the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00068-00022829-00023230 gift of our relationship that we have I
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00069-00023231-00023519 want to thank you for the gift of sex
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00070-00023520-00023813 because Lord God you blessed it and you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00071-00023814-00024113 said that it was good and Lord God for
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00072-00024114-00024335 many it has been good but we know that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00073-00024336-00024671 for others they struggle I pray Lord God
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00074-00024672-00024994 that through this show that many will
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00075-00024995-00025361 come to the realization that sex can be
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00076-00025362-00025702 enjoyable and pleasurable and that Lord
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00077-00025704-00026008 God this show will help to unlock a lot
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00078-00026010-00026237 of things that they've kept hidden and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00079-00026238-00026531 Lord God it will lead them to the path
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00080-00026532-00026933 of enjoying sex with their partner even
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00081-00026933-00027035 more
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00082-00027036-00027262 thank you for all you've done already
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00083-00027263-00027539 through this show and we're just excited
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00084-00027539-00027802 to see where it takes us and where it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00085-00027804-00028073 takes couples in the future in their
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00086-00028074-00028290 mighty name I pray
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00087-00028291-00028620 amen amen amen
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00088-00028622-00028961 tonight's scripture is taken from once
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00089-00028962-00029368 again First Corinthians 7 verses 3 to 6
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00090-00029369-00029579 and we're reading from The New
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00091-00029580-00029939 International Version and it reads
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00092-00029939-00030257 the husband should fulfill his marital
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00093-00030258-00030587 duty to his wife and likewise the wife
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00094-00030588-00030983 to her husband the wife's body does not
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00095-00030983-00031307 belong to her alone but also to her
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00096-00031308-00031408 husband
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00097-00031410-00031829 in the same way the husband's body does
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00098-00031830-00032183 not belong to him alone but also to his
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00099-00032183-00032335 wife
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00100-00032336-00032824 do not deprive each other except by
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00101-00032825-00033161 Mutual consent and for a time so that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00102-00033162-00033437 you may devote yourself to prayer then
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00103-00033438-00033749 come together again so that Satan will
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00104-00033750-00034093 not tempt you because of your lack of
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00105-00034094-00034429 self-control I say this as a concession
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00106-00034430-00034907 not as a command now let me kind of look
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00107-00034908-00035261 at this particular scripture that Paul
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00108-00035262-00035639 wrote to the Corinthians now he spoke
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00109-00035640-00035851 about the fact that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00110-00035852-00036424 we have our duty to our wives and our
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00111-00036425-00036796 husbands and our marital Duty
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00112-00036797-00037115 as it relates to our body says that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00113-00037116-00037252 listen to me
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00114-00037253-00037643 and not just you one alone it belongs so
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00115-00037644-00037859 when you get married ladies and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00116-00037860-00038123 gentlemen your body
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00117-00038124-00038440 it is not just yours alone anymore and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00118-00038441-00038729 some persons might not agree with that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00119-00038730-00039112 but the Bible is showing us that when
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00120-00039113-00039299 you become one
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00121-00039300-00039701 it means that you are one flesh
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00122-00039702-00040024 and because you are one flesh it means
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00123-00040025-00040349 that you belong to each other
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00124-00040350-00040685 you have each other you are responsible
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00125-00040686-00040895 for what happens to the person's body
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00126-00040896-00041146 especially as it relates to your marital
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00127-00041147-00041345 Duty
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00128-00041346-00041471 all right
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00129-00041472-00041759 so if I am responsible for what happens
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00130-00041760-00042011 to my husband as it relates to my
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00131-00042012-00042418 marital Duty especially in the bedroom
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00132-00042419-00042737 that's a high honor for me
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00133-00042738-00043018 and because it's a high honor I am going
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00134-00043019-00043387 to do what needs to be done to make sure
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00135-00043388-00043768 that my marital duty is fulfilled
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00136-00043769-00044021 and when you look at the scripture your
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00137-00044022-00044230 Miracle leads in the fulfilled until the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00138-00044231-00044429 person enjoyed himself you know enough
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00139-00044430-00044677 people never like that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00140-00044678-00045161 enough people do not gonna like that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00141-00045162-00045646 instead because your marital duty is not
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00142-00045647-00046246 done until the person is satisfied whoa
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00143-00046247-00046499 because
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00144-00046500-00046811 my husband body belongs to me
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00145-00046812-00047177 and my my body belonged in
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00146-00047178-00047446 and if I'm going to do my marital Duty
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00147-00047447-00047608 right
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00148-00047609-00047962 that has to also
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00149-00047963-00048287 be a part of it where I satisfy
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00150-00048288-00048799 my husband or he satisfies me that is
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00151-00048800-00049157 numerical beauty is truthfully complete
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00152-00049158-00049468 look what we consummate marriage and all
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00153-00049469-00050029 we do all this
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00154-00050030-00050374 consummate and illegal and but we're not
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00155-00050375-00050674 looking on that other part of it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00156-00050675-00051040 where we have to be committed to our
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00157-00051041-00051269 marital Beauty remember so when we are
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00158-00051270-00051473 doing Duty outside Road you know we'll
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00159-00051474-00051592 do it right
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00160-00051594-00051820 but when it comes to America later we'll
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00161-00051821-00052073 share kids and we want to fix it up
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00162-00052074-00052264 right and when I do it all supposed to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00163-00052265-00052582 do it but no this show
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00164-00052583-00052907 is telling you that your marital Duty
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00165-00052908-00053303 isn't just Bam Bam Bam and none but your
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00166-00053304-00053615 Miracle beauty is also to bum bum bum
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00167-00053616-00053932 bam no it's right
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00168-00053933-00054088 and done
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00169-00054089-00054521 tonight we also have with us the Apostle
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00170-00054522-00054929 faith she was with us last week and we
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00171-00054929-00055453 are back with her to have a whole lot of
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00172-00055454-00055866 fun welcome apostles
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00173-00055867-00056207 oh my goodness I'm excited to be here
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00174-00056208-00056680 get ready yes I am excited to have you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00175-00056682-00056932 with beer I am so excited to have you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00176-00056933-00057179 here listen lady faith I was just
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00177-00057179-00057461 talking about our personal Beauty
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00178-00057462-00057779 and the fact that our marital Duty needs
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00179-00057779-00058049 to also be done right you know what I'm
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00180-00058050-00058342 saying or marital duty is not just to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00181-00058344-00058559 okay have sex and then roll over I'm
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00182-00058560-00058879 done but our marital abuse is also
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00183-00058879-00059171 supposed to be done right it's supposed
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00184-00059172-00059387 to be it's supposed to be done right
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00185-00059388-00059638 time take your time take your time come
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00186-00059639-00060161 on man take your time and enjoy it what
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00187-00060162-00062947 a Russian favorite where's
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00188-00062948-00063376 but I'm still waiting nothing and you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00189-00063377-00063635 know I I like the whole fact of marital
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00190-00063636-00063875 Duty because a part of our mortal Duty
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00191-00063876-00064223 and the whole idea of the fact that the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00192-00064224-00064300 body
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00193-00064301-00064511 the husband's body belongs to the wife
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00194-00064512-00065075 the wife's body belongs that's right yes
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00195-00065076-00065285 everything the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00196-00065286-00065519 things of drugs every single thing that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00197-00065520-00065735 body comes with so whether that body
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00198-00065736-00065915 comes with a fat ass
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00199-00065916-00066226 or the body comes with small boobs or
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00200-00066227-00066635 the body comes with a big long penis and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00201-00066636-00066979 the body comes it's a medium-sized penis
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00202-00066980-00067415 we are supposed to appreciate it and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00203-00067416-00067697 make the person feel like they are loved
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00204-00067698-00068003 for the body that they have that you now
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00205-00068004-00068203 have come into
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00206-00068204-00068525 responsibility for
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00207-00068526-00068693 yeah but you have to learn how to manage
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00208-00068694-00068982 it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00209-00068983-00069365 man of course and it's a skills to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00210-00069366-00069535 manage it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00211-00069536-00069905 especially if it's big oh yes man come
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00212-00069906-00070025 on
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00213-00070026-00070235 big and you know
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00214-00070236-00070511 I you know I always come with my props
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00215-00070512-00070817 lady face well that's good I always come
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00216-00070818-00071009 with my props
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00217-00071010-00071328 so in my bags my bag of tricks today
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00218-00071329-00071585 [Music]
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00219-00071586-00071855 we are representing something that is
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00220-00071856-00072137 probably not of average I need to get
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00221-00072138-00072281 some more bags of tricks to like what
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00222-00072282-00072532 you have here oh my God
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00223-00072533-00072775 so this is
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00224-00072776-00073235 a massive a massive size you know what
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00225-00073236-00073559 I'm saying and a lot of women will go
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00226-00073560-00073853 crazy over a size like this but at the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00227-00073854-00074032 same time they cannot handle something
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00228-00074033-00074476 like this and sometimes ladies the body
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00229-00074477-00074837 ain't made for this remember what we
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00230-00074838-00075094 said about the average
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00231-00075095-00075215 um size
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00232-00075216-00075415 right ladies
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00233-00075416-00075785 the average size of a penis that is not
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00234-00075786-00076300 erect is 3.3 it's 3.66 inches and if it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00235-00076301-00076721 is erect it is 4.59 inches now when we
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00236-00076722-00077069 look at the vagina
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00237-00077070-00077459 and how deep the vagina is remember when
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00238-00077460-00077873 we said unstimulated it could be 2.75
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00239-00077874-00078094 inches to about three and a quarter
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00240-00078095-00078431 inches and then when she's aroused it is
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00241-00078432-00079061 increased to 4.25 inches this my viewers
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00242-00079062-00079361 thank you for joining us Erin thank you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00243-00079362-00079523 so much
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00244-00079524-00079721 um and others
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00245-00079722-00079961 all of this
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00246-00079962-00080471 is bigger than 4.25 inches
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00247-00080472-00080873 it's longer 4.75 inches it's longer
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00248-00080874-00081155 so can you imagine
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00249-00081156-00081347 you're probably
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00250-00081348-00081623 this deep
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00251-00081624-00081988 and you're taking the rest of this
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00252-00081989-00082235 sometimes okay I'll manage it and we
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00253-00082236-00082625 swear that we can't take anything and it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00254-00082626-00082888 ruins us
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00255-00082889-00083285 it ruins us we can't anglite you get
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00256-00083286-00083555 what I'm saying so we have to appreciate
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00257-00083556-00083806 what our husbands have
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00258-00083807-00084143 so if he has a four point seven five
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00259-00084144-00084671 inch penis or a 5.5 inch penis don't put
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00260-00084672-00084844 any pressure upon him
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00261-00084845-00085061 if we get bigger
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00262-00085062-00085355 that's true pressure on him to get
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00263-00085356-00085685 bigger that is what you are blessed with
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00264-00085686-00086056 you now have the responsibility to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00265-00086057-00086399 appreciate him love on him as if he had
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00266-00086400-00086837 the most massive penis and help him to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00267-00086838-00086987 please you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00268-00086988-00087247 help him to please you instead of
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00269-00087248-00087923 appreciate it appreciated
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00270-00087924-00088193 what happened to that and and ladies and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00271-00088194-00088312 gentlemen
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00272-00088313-00088618 I I also want to talk about the size of
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00273-00088619-00089015 the person's body remember you are given
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00274-00089016-00089405 um your husband and your wife to love in
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00275-00089406-00089615 every single way
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00276-00089616-00089867 you're supposed to appreciate what they
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00277-00089868-00090217 have how is it now ladies and gentlemen
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00278-00090218-00090455 all of a sudden
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00279-00090456-00090899 have
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00280-00090900-00091205 all of a sudden you start a problem with
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00281-00091206-00091397 all the facts that she'll have no big
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00282-00091398-00091656 breasts I don't want to have breast
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00283-00091657-00091876 enlargements and then when you look
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00284-00091877-00092068 around but I mean I say oh God me can't
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00285-00092069-00092341 smack it almost like it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00286-00092342-00092723 all sorts of problems that um
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00287-00092724-00092885 oh
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00288-00092886-00093029 how
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00289-00093030-00093353 and not to mention those persons who you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00290-00093354-00093550 know they married a stick
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00291-00093551-00093718 now I want to say I don't want to say
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00292-00093719-00094018 stick figure but you married a slim nice
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00293-00094019-00094276 lady and then you know now get found
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00294-00094277-00094456 another relationship and I have a couple
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00295-00094457-00094709 children and then just start get a
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00296-00094710-00095081 little rotund and you're now disgusted
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00297-00095082-00095387 by how she looks how do you think that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00298-00095388-00095662 makes her feel
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00299-00095663-00095855 you know what I'm saying
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00300-00095856-00096155 how do you think that makes her feel of
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00301-00096156-00096391 course she can't feel very confident
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00302-00096392-00096673 especially if every day you're fine
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00303-00096674-00096988 finding to tell her I said oh I liked it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00304-00096989-00097253 better when you were slim oh why don't
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00305-00097254-00097511 you lose some weight oh this that that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00306-00097512-00097721 come on
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00307-00097722-00098044 she cannot feel confident and if you're
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00308-00098045-00098135 a woman
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00309-00098136-00098417 gentlemen doesn't feel confident about
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00310-00098418-00098687 how she looks and you don't make her
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00311-00098688-00098981 feel desired and you don't make her feel
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00312-00098982-00099221 like she's everything to you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00313-00099222-00099425 how do you think she's gonna be in that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00314-00099426-00099718 frame of mind for sex it's not going to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00315-00099719-00099935 be a good frame of mind she's gonna be
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00316-00099936-00100037 in
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00317-00100038-00100631 so that she can open her flowers
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00318-00100632-00100985 so the size
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00319-00100986-00101206 it shouldn't matter
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00320-00101207-00101393 because the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00321-00101394-00101699 person you married
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00322-00101700-00102005 not the shape of the body
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00323-00102006-00102376 not the size of her bottom
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00324-00102377-00102586 you marry the person you married her
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00325-00102588-00102832 personality you married the love that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00326-00102833-00103042 she gives to you it doesn't change
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00327-00103043-00103313 should it does it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00328-00103314-00103715 it should not change based on how her
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00329-00103716-00104008 body sticks and people don't understand
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00330-00104009-00104404 that listen the confidence that a woman
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00331-00104405-00104860 carries when she loses it she loses so
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00332-00104861-00105184 many other things she loses her sick her
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00333-00105185-00105436 sex drive
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00334-00105438-00105778 it affects her sex drive
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00335-00105779-00106181 and I must say for the men too when they
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00336-00106182-00106433 don't feel confident because of how
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00337-00106433-00106763 their woman starts to tease them about
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00338-00106764-00107093 how they are and all of that they
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00339-00107094-00107236 themselves
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00340-00107238-00107531 lose their confidence and you find that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00341-00107532-00107669 even then
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00342-00107670-00107945 that starts to affect other things so it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00343-00107946-00108154 starts to affect how long they stay
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00344-00108155-00108534 sometimes it affects their their stamina
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00345-00108535-00108871 so many other things that it affects
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00346-00108872-00109123 because
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00347-00109124-00109619 and you as their person
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00348-00109620-00109828 you don't make them feel confident about
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00349-00109829-00110099 who they are
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00350-00110100-00110375 so the question Still Remains ladies and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00351-00110376-00110531 gentlemen
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00352-00110532-00110927 should the size matter in Christian
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00353-00110928-00111190 marriages in any marriage or
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00354-00111191-00111875 relationship at all should size matter
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00355-00111876-00112260 now according to healthline.com
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00356-00112261-00112565 they talk about some things so we're
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00357-00112566-00112697 going to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00358-00112698-00112919 talk about those three things that they
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00359-00112920-00113171 spoke about they said one
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00360-00113172-00113531 bigger isn't necessarily better and this
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00361-00113532-00113801 is as it relates to penises
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00362-00113802-00114131 bigger than average penises have been
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00363-00114132-00114547 associated with a higher risk of injury
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00364-00114548-00115019 and infection now remember I just showed
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00365-00115020-00115097 you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00366-00115098-00115415 a model penis or a
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00367-00115416-00115877 dildo and I showed you how long it is
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00368-00115878-00116213 and the fact of the matter is that women
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00369-00116214-00116699 when their Rose their depth is 4.75
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00370-00116700-00117028 inches now when you think of a link like
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00371-00117029-00117589 that going into a vagina that is 4.75
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00372-00117590-00117971 inches you have a realizing some
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00373-00117972-00118271 positions is going to be very very
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00374-00118272-00118649 painful and women who have experienced
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00375-00118650-00118973 them kind of big long john there them no
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00376-00118974-00119266 matter about come on no matter about you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00377-00119267-00119389 know
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00378-00119390-00120252 sometimes the word kind of Acts
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00379-00120253-00120545 still want it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00380-00120546-00120965 Mr Allen in the belly button cramp up on
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00381-00120966-00121481 the silly take it I wanna kill walk
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00382-00121482-00121847 I don't feel like on a must take it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00383-00121848-00122201 but look at you feeling all this pain
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00384-00122202-00122452 for the love that you're supposed to be
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00385-00122453-00122771 making right so bigger is it always
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00386-00122772-00123071 better because that can be uncomfortable
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00387-00123072-00123328 this is you after
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00388-00123329-00123454 um the whole
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00389-00123455-00123763 sex with that person you are
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00390-00123764-00124036 experiencing a whole lot of pain
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00391-00124038-00124336 associated with sex and then you are
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00392-00124338-00124895 even probably causing internal damage
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00393-00124896-00125140 so ladies
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00394-00125141-00125602 you might think that might have have uh
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00395-00125603-00125866 a big penis
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00396-00125867-00126215 but it ain't always the best thing to do
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00397-00126216-00126604 all right it sometimes is not the best
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00398-00126605-00126910 thing to do so bigger isn't necessarily
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00399-00126911-00127223 better ladies and gentlemen and too much
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00400-00127224-00127558 birth to can cause tearing
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00401-00127559-00127690 right
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00402-00127691-00127943 you're ever having sex with the the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00403-00127944-00128183 person who is a big on a bit on the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00404-00128183-00128369 bigger side especially if you don't use
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00405-00128370-00128807 like lubrication and it causes a burning
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00406-00128808-00128957 sensation if you're not properly
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00407-00128958-00129293 lubricated it causes tearing if you're
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00408-00129294-00129575 not probably properly lubricated and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00409-00129576-00129893 also just something that if you're doing
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00410-00129894-00130228 like anal sex that and stuff like that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00411-00130229-00130631 oh yeah it can definitely cause some
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00412-00130632-00130990 damage so you have to think about that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00413-00130991-00131339 all right when you are talking about I
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00414-00131340-00131513 want a bigger penis
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00415-00131514-00131921 all right so bigger isn't always better
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00416-00131922-00132245 ladies and gentlemen another thing is
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00417-00132246-00132683 that smaller isn't necessarily bad a
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00418-00132684-00132989 smaller penis is automatically easier to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00419-00132990-00133240 handle that's what Healthline says which
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00420-00133241-00133564 it means all involved can focus on
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00421-00133565-00133847 Pleasure rather than pain or trying to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00422-00133848-00134128 figure out how you're going to fit that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00423-00134129-00134477 into their stuff like that you are now
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00424-00134478-00134716 focused on okay this is all about
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00425-00134717-00134981 pleasure let's get it on let's do this
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00426-00134982-00135209 thing and you're not worried about okay
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00427-00135210-00135587 it's gonna be painful or this or that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00428-00135588-00135977 everything is just going to fit in the
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00429-00135978-00136414 right socket
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00430-00136415-00136649 it's gonna fit in the right side I got
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00431-00136650-00136985 some love on that a while ago I got some
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00432-00136986-00137237 love on that yes man and I can't focus
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00433-00137238-00137525 on the right something
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00434-00137526-00137699 you're not gonna tell him you're not
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00435-00137700-00137981 about cream
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00436-00137982-00138316 it is gonna go on with it you know what
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00437-00138317-00138485 I'm saying
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00438-00138486-00138828 and also when you think about smaller
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00439-00138829-00139219 you cannot fit it into the small paste
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00440-00139220-00139595 spaces so you can fit it in your mouth
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00441-00139596-00139907 you know if you have small hands like I
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00442-00139908-00140231 do you know you can fit it around your
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00443-00140232-00140554 hand and be able to fillet it properly
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00444-00140555-00140897 if you're doing stuff like that and also
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00445-00140898-00141233 if you are the type of person who likes
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00446-00141234-00141659 anal sex
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00447-00141660-00141952 it's easier to fit in your inner rectum
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00448-00141953-00142397 if it's a smaller penis you get what I'm
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00449-00142398-00142661 saying unlike any penis size any
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00450-00142662-00142840 perceived shortcomings ladies and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00451-00142841-00143166 gentlemen are easily and enjoyably
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00452-00143167-00143609 rectified with the right position
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00453-00143610-00144064 but let me also say that some positions
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00454-00144065-00144401 are not for persons who have smaller
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00455-00144402-00144545 penises
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00456-00144546-00144935 that's right and also not for smaller
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00457-00144936-00145295 penises who are having sex with bigger
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00458-00145296-00145445 bodies
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00459-00145446-00145673 let me just say that again
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00460-00145674-00145966 some positions are not for smaller
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00461-00145967-00146254 penises that's right for smaller penises
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00462-00146255-00146519 that are having sex with bigger bodies
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00463-00146520-00146807 so listen to me if you know sir
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00464-00146808-00147131 you have like a like three inch or a
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00465-00147132-00147431 four inch don't put a big battery girl
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00466-00147432-00147814 pan a buckles
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00467-00147815-00148378 because tiger always drops in our work
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00468-00148379-00148721 it's a go always drop out yeah that's
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00469-00148722-00149177 right so please no say maybe missionary
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00470-00149178-00149447 a year or something and listen to me you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00471-00149448-00149609 see the girl with the thick thighs that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00472-00149610-00150016 save lives she can't ride a four inch or
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00473-00150017-00150364 a three inch penis no she can't
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00474-00150365-00150616 can't so.org
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00475-00150617-00150845 you know like when them say You must act
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00476-00150846-00151111 your wage and act your age
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00477-00151112-00151813 sometimes
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00478-00151814-00152752 you're a foreign
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00479-00152753-00152873 yeah
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00480-00152874-00153131 um what if you know a lot of times uh
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00481-00153132-00153383 when you're when you are a Christian you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00482-00153384-00153502 know you're not supposed to have sex
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00483-00153503-00153623 before
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00484-00153624-00153883 you get married
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00485-00153884-00154223 so how are you going to adjust because
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00486-00154224-00154463 why are things I've done
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00487-00154464-00154714 and I'll share this with people
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00488-00154715-00155425 uh you could tell if that thing is alive
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00489-00155426-00155837 just a hug
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00490-00155838-00156043 just a hug
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00491-00156044-00156454 it will stand to attention oh yes you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00492-00156455-00156766 know
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00493-00156767-00156928 you know
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00494-00156929-00157175 um this weekend I was in Wisconsin lady
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00495-00157176-00157439 faith right and somebody was telling me
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00496-00157440-00157739 the science behind the whole bulge and
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00497-00157740-00158128 all of that and somebody said if you can
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00498-00158129-00158428 feel the body or see the Bulge it's not
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00499-00158429-00158833 big but it's the ones that are
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00500-00158834-00158987 concealed
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00501-00158988-00159347 they have the heavy heart artillery get
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00502-00159348-00159754 out of town oh yeah because when you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00503-00159755-00160061 learn something new oh she said it's not
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00504-00160062-00160452 sticking out
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00505-00160453-00160757 oh Lord
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00506-00160758-00161033 oh this one's hanging down
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00507-00161034-00161231 so that's is that a good thing or a bad
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00508-00161232-00161309 thing
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00509-00161310-00161633 it's a good thing when it's not sticking
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00510-00161634-00161740 out because when it's sticking out
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00511-00161741-00161902 that's all it can do it can just stick
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00512-00161903-00162089 out so I'm just saying when you make
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00513-00162090-00162221 that when you make that connection but
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00514-00162222-00162407 what do you make that connection whether
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00515-00162408-00162545 or not it's good it's not gonna hang
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00516-00162546-00162731 down they're gonna stick out anyway it's
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00517-00162732-00162925 going
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00518-00162926-00163199 balls it's gonna bulk up that's right
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00519-00163200-00163595 something that's gonna stick out yes so
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00520-00163596-00163769 what about that guy remember I told you
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00521-00163770-00164002 that guy that had that 708 about 10
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00522-00164003-00164345 inches or something in a more size it
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00523-00164346-00165061 was this long
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00524-00165062-00165340 no she can't just take
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00525-00165341-00165593 a little at a time
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00526-00165594-00165869 and and that's the thing with a lot of
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00527-00165870-00166289 lube yeah and nothing that is rough she
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00528-00166290-00166457 definitely cannot handle something that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00529-00166458-00166769 is very rough no rough sex it's so long
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00530-00166770-00167081 with that yeah but she kind enough but
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00531-00167082-00167321 as I said only a little at a time
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00532-00167322-00167621 remember the vagina can only what four
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00533-00167622-00167766 people
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00534-00167767-00167975 but that's if you find a lady that's
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00535-00167976-00168107 gonna handle that
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00536-00168108-00168383 that's true and he will and I'd love to
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00537-00168384-00168581 find if he did find somebody because I
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00538-00168582-00168925 felt better yeah
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00539-00168926-00169223 he will he will and the thing the good
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00540-00169224-00169516 thing about the vagina is that it does
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00541-00169517-00169859 stretch it can't elongate and all of
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00542-00169860-00170201 that but as I said you have to take time
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00543-00170202-00170549 with a size like that of course you have
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00544-00170550-00171214 to take time you take days
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00545-00171215-00171454 thanks for watching please join us next
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00546-00171455-00171635 time for the continuation of this
+HP0N9ZcT1sM-00547-00171636-00172003 episode stay tuned
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00000-00000112-00000335 breaches and cyber security incidents
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00001-00000336-00000591 are making headlines every day what are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00002-00000592-00000831 you doing to be prepared welcome to the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00003-00000832-00001087 tripwire cyber security podcast brought
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00004-00001088-00001311 to you by tripwire the show that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00005-00001312-00001503 explores cyber security for the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00006-00001504-00001710 enterprise and how to identify and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00007-00001711-00001918 protect against cyber threats before
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00008-00001919-00002047 they happen
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00009-00002048-00002271 listen for techniques and best practices
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00010-00002272-00002550 to harden your defenses against hackers
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00011-00002551-00003015 now here's your host tim erlin
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00012-00003016-00003206 welcome everyone to the tripwire cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00013-00003207-00003422 security podcast i'm tim erlin vice
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00014-00003423-00003695 president of strategy at tripwire and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00015-00003696-00003959 today i am joined by kurt dukes who is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00016-00003960-00004143 the executive vice president and general
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00017-00004144-00004327 manager of the center for internet
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00018-00004328-00004551 security or cis
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00019-00004552-00004686 welcome kurt
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00020-00004687-00004911 hey tim thank you for having me on
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00021-00004912-00005063 glad to have you here
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00022-00005064-00005311 now cis i think a lot of our audiences
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00023-00005312-00005551 is familiar with cis probably from
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00024-00005552-00005759 either the critical security controls or
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00025-00005760-00005983 the cis benchmarks i think those are the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00026-00005984-00006263 the two uh artifacts uh models
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00027-00006264-00006391 capabilities whatever you want to call
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00028-00006392-00006663 them that cis is best known for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00029-00006664-00006855 but we're not here to talk about those
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00030-00006856-00007031 we're here to talk about the community
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00031-00007031-00007287 defense model which i think i wasn't
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00032-00007288-00007583 familiar with prior to um you know our
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00033-00007584-00007774 initial conversations but i think it's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00034-00007775-00007959 it's pretty interesting and exciting so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00035-00007959-00008119 kurt why don't you start by just
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00036-00008120-00008246 explaining a little bit about what the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00037-00008247-00008471 community defense model is yeah i'd love
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00038-00008472-00008735 to so uh the community defense model's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00039-00008736-00008903 been in existence for i guess a little
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00040-00008904-00009151 over a year now and roughly speaking you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00041-00009152-00009414 know the theory behind the case uh for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00042-00009415-00009542 for cdm
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00043-00009543-00009719 is you know we'd like to be able to use
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00044-00009720-00009927 one or more publicly available
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00045-00009928-00010199 authoritative summaries of attacks
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00046-00010200-00010399 uh and and basically that would help us
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00047-00010400-00010606 identify the most important types of tax
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00048-00010607-00010887 uh that you know uh organizations have
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00049-00010888-00011167 to deal with on on a daily weekly
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00050-00011168-00011303 monthly basis
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00051-00011304-00011495 the second part of this really is around
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00052-00011496-00011591 you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00053-00011592-00011799 describing the atomic elements of those
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00054-00011800-00012119 attacks uh using using a framework in in
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00055-00012120-00012278 this case we actually use the miter
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00056-00012279-00012583 attack framework and then we create an
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00057-00012584-00012759 attack pattern
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00058-00012760-00012958 which consists of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00059-00012959-00013286 in using miter attack
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00060-00013287-00013471 terminology
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00061-00013472-00013783 attack tech tactics and techniques
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00062-00013784-00013958 and then finally we analyze those
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00063-00013959-00014135 elements of those patterns against
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00064-00014136-00014375 individual cis controls and the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00065-00014376-00014583 underlying safeguards in order to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00066-00014584-00014855 establish the specific security value of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00067-00014856-00014935 each
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00068-00014936-00015150 of those safeguards
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00069-00015151-00015407 within that attack pattern you can also
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00070-00015408-00015615 more clearly state the impact of not
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00071-00015616-00015799 applying any individual
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00072-00015800-00015927 safeguard
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00073-00015928-00016103 in essence does it have any value
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00074-00016104-00016343 against step in an important attack
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00075-00016344-00016511 you know tim i would tell you this is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00076-00016512-00016799 not a magic bullet or a perfect system
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00077-00016800-00017071 but it is driven by real life data
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00078-00017072-00017335 and as much more clearly defines the use
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00079-00017336-00017527 of data and bounds the judgment and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00080-00017528-00017711 opinions of individuals
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00081-00017712-00017950 it also helps us move from from a model
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00082-00017951-00018175 where every company needs to read these
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00083-00018176-00018455 reports separately to a sort of central
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00084-00018456-00018694 shared labor of translation from attacks
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00085-00018695-00018855 to action and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00086-00018856-00019007 the center for internet security does
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00087-00019008-00019255 that on behalf of the community
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00088-00019256-00019422 so one of the things i always liked
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00089-00019423-00019671 about the the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00090-00019672-00019807 the critical security controls and the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00091-00019808-00020022 underlying safeguards is that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00092-00020023-00020222 i always felt like they were based in
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00093-00020223-00020486 sort of real world data from from the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00094-00020487-00020630 their their you know initial
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00095-00020631-00020743 introduction
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00096-00020744-00020950 um that was that was sort of the major
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00097-00020951-00021111 advantage
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00098-00021112-00021278 how does the community defense model
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00099-00021279-00021478 differ from how the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00100-00021479-00021719 uh the security controls themselves are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00101-00021720-00021886 are generated and defined and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00102-00021887-00022135 prioritized yeah that's a great question
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00103-00022136-00022222 so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00104-00022223-00022455 historically um the critical security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00105-00022456-00022622 controls you know we would get together
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00106-00022623-00022871 within a community and each community
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00107-00022872-00023143 member you know brought you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00108-00023144-00023447 uh their stories of of cyber threats you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00109-00023448-00023591 know based on the data they had
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00110-00023592-00023783 available to them and that kind of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00111-00023784-00023975 helped us form the critical security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00112-00023976-00024247 controls and so what we wanted to do
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00113-00024248-00024542 as we noticed many organizations
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00114-00024543-00024807 were creating annual threat summaries
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00115-00024808-00025022 right so we have the the verizon data
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00116-00025023-00025183 breach
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00117-00025184-00025319 report
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00118-00025320-00025678 you know we have ibm's x-force
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00119-00025679-00025862 and so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00120-00025863-00026055 what we found was that by having that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00121-00026056-00026287 type of data available to us now
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00122-00026288-00026414 we could actually
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00123-00026416-00026583 take that data
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00124-00026583-00026887 and synthesize it into um what what
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00125-00026888-00027199 would we call the top five attack types
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00126-00027200-00027431 and then from there be able to measure
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00127-00027432-00027511 the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00128-00027512-00027711 how the uh the controls actually the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00129-00027712-00027990 effectiveness of the of the controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00130-00027991-00028295 so earlier in in in sort of the the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00131-00028295-00028590 genesis of cis it was more of like a you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00132-00028591-00028790 know a set of controls based on the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00133-00028791-00028935 expertise of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00134-00028936-00029262 of industry practitioners it it's got to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00135-00029263-00029527 be pretty satisfying to see
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00136-00029527-00029758 the data now that we have these sources
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00137-00029760-00029999 of data the data really
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00138-00030000-00030231 you know prove out the conclusions that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00139-00030232-00030439 that cis had come to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00140-00030439-00030599 with which controls were most important
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00141-00030600-00030767 to start with it feels like a an
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00142-00030768-00030951 important connection to make and an
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00143-00030952-00031079 important justification for the work
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00144-00031080-00031255 that cis has kind of done all along
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00145-00031256-00031470 around the controls yeah that's exactly
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00146-00031472-00031662 right i mean so we're actually backing
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00147-00031663-00031751 up
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00148-00031752-00031951 our choices for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00149-00031952-00032183 actions that we want organizations to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00150-00032183-00032367 take to protect themselves from cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00151-00032368-00032655 attack with actual data now before like
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00152-00032656-00032846 i said it was it was you know the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00153-00032847-00032983 community that was kind of bringing that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00154-00032984-00033255 forth but now we actually we can now
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00155-00033256-00033407 um cite
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00156-00033408-00033543 data sources
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00157-00033544-00033662 and that's what we've done within the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00158-00033663-00033839 community defense model so it's very
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00159-00033840-00034079 satisfying i mean and and we make that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00160-00034080-00034183 uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00161-00034184-00034423 very open and transparent everyone can
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00162-00034424-00034655 see what data sources we're using and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00163-00034656-00034846 what recommendations we're we're making
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00164-00034847-00035143 based off of uh of the um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00165-00035144-00035367 the attack techniques that we've
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00166-00035368-00035599 identified through mitre attack uh the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00167-00035600-00035743 framework
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00168-00035744-00035895 yeah so that's interesting it makes me
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00169-00035896-00035990 think about
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00170-00035991-00036159 you know what how you how do you expect
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00171-00036160-00036423 organizations to use the the cdm i mean
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00172-00036424-00036567 i understand
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00173-00036568-00036799 how they they look at the controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00174-00036800-00036927 themselves
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00175-00036928-00037143 but you've created this this
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00176-00037144-00037327 artifact that provides evidence what do
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00177-00037328-00037487 you expect organizations to to do with
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00178-00037488-00037623 that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00179-00037624-00037799 that i guess the way i would describe it
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00180-00037800-00037887 as
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00181-00037888-00038046 is you know the community defense model
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00182-00038047-00038279 really exists to provide the data behind
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00183-00038280-00038543 the prioritization of the controls and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00184-00038544-00038743 in particular in the set of safeguards
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00185-00038744-00038935 that that can be described as essential
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00186-00038936-00039230 cyber hygiene just like with the um you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00187-00039231-00039446 know here in the us the centers for dec
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00188-00039447-00039695 disease control you know they they do
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00189-00039696-00039967 research and we rely on their experts to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00190-00039968-00040223 tell us that you know for example
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00191-00040224-00040518 washing hands and and mask wearing uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00192-00040519-00040718 are really good preventive measures or
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00193-00040719-00040918 hygiene to help you know mitigate the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00194-00040919-00041174 spread of germs well we've done
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00195-00041175-00041390 you know something very similar to what
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00196-00041391-00041687 the cdc does uh for the community you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00197-00041688-00041895 know and we in what we've done is taken
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00198-00041896-00042127 those data sources and actually from
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00199-00042128-00042399 that um you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00200-00042400-00042558 measure back what are the preventive
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00201-00042559-00042783 measures you know for for cyber security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00202-00042784-00043030 that are that are effective um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00203-00043031-00043279 but just to be clear these are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00204-00043280-00043495 preventive measures and they're not in
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00205-00043496-00043751 what we've done is not perfect um but it
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00206-00043752-00043943 really does back up your choices you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00207-00043944-00044143 know and on what you what actions you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00208-00044144-00044439 need to take not to get infected
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00209-00044440-00044551 i think that's actually an important
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00210-00044552-00044758 point to make that what we're talking
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00211-00044759-00044943 about with with cis and with the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00212-00044944-00045167 controls and with the the cdm
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00213-00045168-00045407 is is a way to prioritize the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00214-00045408-00045646 implementation of preventive controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00215-00045647-00045879 there's a lot of conversation
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00216-00045880-00046135 uh in the industry today about detective
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00217-00046136-00046343 controls and i think you know for for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00218-00046344-00046486 folks who've been in the industry for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00219-00046487-00046671 for a long time and seen this this
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00220-00046672-00046830 pendulum swing back and forth a couple
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00221-00046831-00047071 of times it it does happen that you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00222-00047072-00047286 for a period of time we'll be focused on
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00223-00047287-00047446 prevention and then people will get
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00224-00047447-00047662 disenchanted with preventing uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00225-00047663-00047799 successful attacks and they'll move to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00226-00047800-00047943 detecting them and then you know might
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00227-00047944-00048174 swing back the other way but this idea
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00228-00048175-00048383 that that um which i've seen
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00229-00048384-00048615 communicated in a couple of of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00230-00048616-00048895 different ways lately that somehow
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00231-00048896-00049118 um prevention is a you know a hopeless
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00232-00049119-00049302 cause that you can't effectively prevent
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00233-00049303-00049518 control so you have to focus on
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00234-00049519-00049830 detection and response it seems like the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00235-00049831-00050135 the cdm and the the evidence it provides
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00236-00050136-00050239 really
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00237-00050240-00050439 you know gives data to reject that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00238-00050440-00050599 premise that prevention is a hopeless
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00239-00050600-00050711 cause
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00240-00050712-00050943 yeah no tim i i absolutely agree i'll
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00241-00050944-00051190 tell you i'm also an optimist um and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00242-00051191-00051479 every time i've you know i've seen a uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00243-00051479-00051694 a cyber breach you know the large ones
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00244-00051695-00051863 you know always i always try to go back
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00245-00051864-00052126 to what the root cause was and it always
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00246-00052127-00052270 comes back to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00247-00052271-00052430 just a little bit of prevention would
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00248-00052432-00052647 have actually protected you uh from that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00249-00052648-00052903 attack you know and it goes back to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00250-00052904-00053119 you know what we call essential cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00251-00053120-00053487 hygiene you know which is a set of uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00252-00053488-00053742 controls and underlying safeguards you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00253-00053744-00053966 know that that we can prove now that are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00254-00053967-00054247 effective uh in in
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00255-00054248-00054447 in either mitigating or
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00256-00054448-00054671 breaking uh up an attacker's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00257-00054672-00054999 attack pattern in that regard and so um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00258-00055000-00055230 i i really think it's it's an important
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00259-00055232-00055559 step for us and and within the community
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00260-00055560-00055719 and it really demonstrates the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00261-00055720-00055847 importance of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00262-00055848-00055991 a few
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00263-00055991-00056223 set of actions that if organizations
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00264-00056224-00056342 will take
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00265-00056344-00056591 it will save them a lot of pain
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00266-00056591-00056742 should there be a should there be a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00267-00056744-00056966 cyber breach
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00268-00056967-00057166 [Music]
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00269-00057167-00057366 you are listening to the tripwire cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00270-00057367-00057591 security podcast thousands of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00271-00057591-00057847 organizations rely on tripwire to serve
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00272-00057848-00058038 as the core of their cybersecurity
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00273-00058039-00058311 programs why because we detect
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00274-00058312-00058511 suspicious activity before it becomes
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00275-00058512-00058607 breach
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00276-00058608-00058823 our systems work on site and in the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00277-00058824-00059111 cloud to find monitor and minimize a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00278-00059112-00059279 wide range of threats
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00279-00059279-00059479 with deep system visibility and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00280-00059479-00059711 automated compliance we help you shorten
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00281-00059712-00059838 the time it takes to catch
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00282-00059839-00060079 vulnerabilities and ensure your
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00283-00060079-00060342 organization is following the absolute
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00284-00060344-00060647 best practices in cyber security today
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00285-00060648-00060982 for more information visit tripwire.com
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00286-00060983-00061479 that's tripwire.com
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00287-00061479-00061638 well let's talk a little bit about the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00288-00061639-00061879 the conclusions um and for folks who
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00289-00061879-00062047 aren't familiar uh maybe just a little
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00290-00062048-00062375 bit of background so cis has a set of uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00291-00062376-00062559 you know critical security controls that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00292-00062560-00062799 um underneath each control is a set of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00293-00062800-00062966 safeguards right
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00294-00062967-00063215 and um and those are you know they're
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00295-00063216-00063471 they're semantically connected um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00296-00063472-00063671 but what the cdm did was look at the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00297-00063672-00063879 mapping of if i understand correctly the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00298-00063879-00064079 mapping of safeguards
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00299-00064079-00064182 to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00300-00064183-00064415 uh attack techniques in the in the miter
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00301-00064416-00064623 attack framework and so then the result
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00302-00064624-00064911 is that that the cdm points out the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00303-00064912-00064991 um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00304-00064991-00065271 the safeguards that are most effective
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00305-00065272-00065503 for addressing those attack techniques
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00306-00065504-00065599 and and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00307-00065600-00065743 what were some of the conclusions that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00308-00065744-00065975 are most interesting or most valuable
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00309-00065976-00066175 for organizations out of that work
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00310-00066176-00066526 yeah so tim i tell you you know um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00311-00066527-00066791 the the the overarching uh conclusion
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00312-00066792-00067006 from from our analysis was that you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00313-00067007-00067279 we verified that the sea ice controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00314-00067280-00067447 you know are highly effective at
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00315-00067448-00067638 defending against approximately 80
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00316-00067639-00067823 percent of the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00317-00067824-00067935 attack
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00318-00067936-00068182 techniques found within the miter attack
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00319-00068183-00068406 framework and more importantly uh the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00320-00068407-00068606 controls are really effective against
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00321-00068607-00068855 the top five attack types found
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00322-00068856-00069006 in again
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00323-00069007-00069279 we use 35 different industry
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00324-00069280-00069559 threat data sources um you know for this
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00325-00069560-00069775 analysis and the bottom line really is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00326-00069776-00069887 that uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00327-00069888-00070094 you know our rcs controls and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00328-00070095-00070335 specifically what we call implementation
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00329-00070336-00070606 group one which is a set of 56
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00330-00070607-00070750 safeguards
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00331-00070751-00070991 are a really a robust foundation you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00332-00070992-00071215 know for for your cybersecurity program
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00333-00071216-00071591 and we urge every organization to start
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00334-00071592-00071671 with
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00335-00071672-00071943 implementation group one and uh and then
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00336-00071944-00072143 implement your cyber security program
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00337-00072144-00072423 around um around that set of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00338-00072424-00072687 of safeguards i i would tell you the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00339-00072688-00072823 other um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00340-00072824-00073206 the other key point here was that um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00341-00073207-00073350 you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00342-00073351-00073559 it's very you know what our analysis
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00343-00073560-00073759 also proved that it was uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00344-00073760-00073999 that the importance of establishing and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00345-00074000-00074191 maintaining a secure configuration
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00346-00074192-00074494 process as a safeguard again for all all
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00347-00074495-00074775 five attack types for that so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00348-00074776-00074975 configuration management
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00349-00074976-00075262 truly does matter when it comes to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00350-00075263-00075591 protecting yourself against
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00351-00075592-00075694 various
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00352-00075695-00075894 attack types
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00353-00075895-00076094 yeah i think that that um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00354-00076095-00076431 that first uh safeguard in the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00355-00076432-00076623 the control number four which is is you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00356-00076624-00076750 know secure configuration management the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00357-00076751-00076959 first safeguard 4.1 is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00358-00076960-00077087 establish and maintain a secure
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00359-00077088-00077247 configuration process
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00360-00077248-00077462 and the analysis sort of bubbled that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00361-00077463-00077671 one up to the top as having
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00362-00077672-00077919 uh the biggest impact of a as a single
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00363-00077920-00078126 safeguard on on the number of attack
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00364-00078127-00078399 techniques that it would protect against
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00365-00078400-00078582 and i i find that really interesting
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00366-00078583-00078759 because we we we work in an industry
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00367-00078760-00078855 where
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00368-00078856-00079119 um we're talking about you know on a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00369-00079120-00079262 daily basis about artificial
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00370-00079263-00079494 intelligence about you know unique
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00371-00079495-00079711 uh tools that are being developed in the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00372-00079712-00079919 market and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00373-00079920-00080135 the reality is that just making sure
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00374-00080136-00080294 that you you've configured your
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00375-00080295-00080447 environment securely and that it stays
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00376-00080448-00080606 configured securely
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00377-00080607-00080815 is probably the most effective thing you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00378-00080816-00080911 can do
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00379-00080912-00081150 based on this data in order to prevent
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00380-00081151-00081319 successful attacks
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00381-00081320-00081494 yeah that that's exactly right you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00382-00081495-00081711 the the community defense model found
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00383-00081712-00081991 that having a secure configuration is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00384-00081992-00082335 its job number one um the the most
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00385-00082336-00082526 effective uh primitive measure you can
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00386-00082527-00082799 use to mitigate uh against the uh all
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00387-00082800-00083015 you know at least against the five
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00388-00083016-00083231 top attacks um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00389-00083232-00083455 types that we we identified
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00390-00083456-00083631 for that you know and you know question
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00391-00083632-00083879 folks will ask is why is that well this
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00392-00083880-00084094 is because many attacks occur due to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00393-00084095-00084271 misconfiguration
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00394-00084272-00084550 for example many insider and and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00395-00084551-00084775 privileged misuse attacks occur
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00396-00084776-00085062 because users have access to data and or
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00397-00085063-00085279 applications unnecessarily
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00398-00085280-00085591 additionally many attacks occur due to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00399-00085592-00085831 unnecessary ports and protocols left
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00400-00085832-00086094 open and unprotected an example of that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00401-00086095-00086359 would be say some of the web application
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00402-00086360-00086591 hacking attacks that we that we've seen
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00403-00086592-00086694 recently
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00404-00086695-00086871 you know also
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00405-00086872-00087159 a secure configuration satisfies many
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00406-00087160-00087367 security controls in
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00407-00087368-00087655 in not only within the cis critical
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00408-00087656-00087862 security controls but also with other
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00409-00087863-00088062 other frameworks such as nist cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00410-00088063-00088247 security framework or
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00411-00088248-00088347 iso
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00412-00088348-00088511 27001
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00413-00088512-00088750 so that that's um that's really why
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00414-00088751-00089015 we've been working on tighter mappings
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00415-00089016-00089406 between our cis benchmarks and our cis
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00416-00089407-00089582 critical security controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00417-00089583-00089767 just to show how implementing a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00418-00089768-00090071 benchmark can satisfy not just a control
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00419-00090072-00090303 in our own framework but eventually
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00420-00090304-00090526 controls and other frameworks yeah i
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00421-00090527-00090735 think i think this is a a point that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00422-00090736-00090871 maybe um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00423-00090872-00090999 or maybe a little bit of explanation
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00424-00091000-00091167 that people don't always
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00425-00091168-00091287 you know intuitively understand that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00426-00091288-00091431 they're they're the cis controls and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00427-00091432-00091599 then they're the benchmarks and the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00428-00091600-00091759 controls are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00429-00091760-00091991 uh you know a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00430-00091992-00092255 relatively high level explanation or
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00431-00092256-00092423 technology agnostic might be the better
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00432-00092424-00092638 way to put it explanation of security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00433-00092639-00092847 controls that are you know important to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00434-00092848-00092950 put in place they're grouped and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00435-00092951-00093118 prioritized as we've been talking about
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00436-00093119-00093350 the benchmarks on the other hand are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00437-00093351-00093606 specific sets of configurations for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00438-00093607-00093847 specific platforms and technology
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00439-00093848-00094006 how do you think about the relationship
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00440-00094007-00094159 between those two things
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00441-00094160-00094406 yeah you know so i kind of you know my
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00442-00094407-00094559 easy way of thinking about it is you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00443-00094560-00094862 know you know i say start secure um and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00444-00094863-00095071 and how do you start secure and that's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00445-00095072-00095382 with individual as you point out uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00446-00095383-00095606 products or platforms and so for example
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00447-00095607-00095791 if you happen to be in uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00448-00095792-00096103 your environment is you know is is tied
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00449-00096104-00096462 to um you know microsoft and and windows
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00450-00096463-00096638 uh then you know you want to secure
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00451-00096639-00096871 those um those windows
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00452-00096872-00097206 10 now windows 11 uh endpoints right and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00453-00097207-00097406 so in order to configure them you need
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00454-00097407-00097591 some type of you know secure
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00455-00097592-00097711 configuration
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00456-00097712-00097918 recommendations and that's what that's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00457-00097919-00098126 what the cis benchmarks are so those are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00458-00098127-00098247 individual
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00459-00098248-00098479 products within an environment and then
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00460-00098480-00098623 if you want to stay secure you think
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00461-00098624-00098823 about your environment it's bigger than
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00462-00098824-00099087 just individual products
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00463-00099088-00099279 and that's where the um the set of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00464-00099280-00099462 critical security controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00465-00099463-00099679 and the underlying safeguards uh come
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00466-00099680-00099838 into action and so that's where you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00467-00099839-00099991 would actually measure
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00468-00099992-00100279 your cyber security you know program
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00469-00100280-00100503 um within within your environment using
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00470-00100504-00100815 uh you using the cis controls for that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00471-00100816-00101103 but i think product think benchmark and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00472-00101104-00101494 then think um environment think um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00473-00101495-00101750 you know critical security controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00474-00101751-00101894 when we talk about critical security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00475-00101895-00102087 controls i mean these
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00476-00102088-00102215 there's been there have been changes
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00477-00102216-00102423 over time in the controls that are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00478-00102424-00102639 included and the the you know the the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00479-00102640-00102863 prioritization of those controls but
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00480-00102864-00103054 the reality is that over the life of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00481-00103055-00103310 those controls that that change has been
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00482-00103311-00103399 uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00483-00103400-00103599 relatively speaking minimal i mean
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00484-00103600-00103766 there's sort of a core set of controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00485-00103767-00104006 that have have persisted
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00486-00104007-00104166 why do you think this is a conversation
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00487-00104167-00104358 that we're still struggling to have that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00488-00104359-00104527 organizations are still given the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00489-00104528-00104742 evidence that implementing just the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00490-00104743-00104934 the essential group of controls is so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00491-00104935-00105166 effective at preventing attacks
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00492-00105167-00105327 why isn't that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00493-00105328-00105415 uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00494-00105416-00105575 a done deal with organizations what's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00495-00105576-00105783 the challenge that you see in the mark
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00496-00105783-00105943 yeah you know tim that's a that's a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00497-00105944-00106207 really great question i think there's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00498-00106208-00106423 two reasons behind it
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00499-00106424-00106790 number one is um i think there's um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00500-00106791-00106975 there's you know varying or different
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00501-00106976-00107310 frameworks um each one with different um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00502-00107311-00107486 with a different set of controls and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00503-00107488-00107775 safeguards yes there is a fair amount of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00504-00107776-00107910 overlap
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00505-00107911-00108143 but each one is is slightly different
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00506-00108144-00108327 and the prioritization is is different
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00507-00108328-00108583 uh for those and so what we tried to do
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00508-00108583-00108743 uh here at the center for internet
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00509-00108744-00108871 security was
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00510-00108872-00109054 you know i'm not trying to offer yet
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00511-00109055-00109310 another framework um what i'm trying to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00512-00109311-00109551 offer is a prioritized set of actions
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00513-00109552-00109783 that we want you to take so for example
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00514-00109783-00109958 if you happen to be implementing the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00515-00109959-00110166 nist cybersecurity framework
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00516-00110167-00110407 well how you implement it is is by using
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00517-00110408-00110631 the cis critical security controls so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00518-00110632-00110815 that's really point one i think you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00519-00110816-00111031 there's just um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00520-00111032-00111215 a bit of this there's too many
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00521-00111216-00111463 frameworks available uh and so you're
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00522-00111464-00111686 giving the users too many options in in
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00523-00111688-00111943 some sense i think the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00524-00111944-00112158 the more critical uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00525-00112159-00112295 answer or
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00526-00112296-00112478 point to make is really is around you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00527-00112479-00112671 know what we you know which are our
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00528-00112672-00112902 first three controls and those are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00529-00112903-00113231 inventory of assets uh inventory of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00530-00113232-00113519 software and data protection
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00531-00113520-00113751 you know fundamentally that is the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00532-00113752-00114039 foundation um for everything that we do
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00533-00114040-00114199 in security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00534-00114200-00114319 you know if you don't know your
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00535-00114320-00114615 environment i don't know how you protect
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00536-00114616-00114815 your environment and so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00537-00114816-00115063 so that's why we have as our top three
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00538-00115064-00115190 controls
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00539-00115191-00115471 you know hardware ass hardware inventory
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00540-00115472-00115823 software inventory and now um inventory
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00541-00115824-00116054 or or data protection
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00542-00116055-00116366 um and that was that was a a sea change
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00543-00116367-00116607 for us with version eight of the other
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00544-00116608-00116807 critical security controls we moved you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00545-00116808-00117078 know data protection up to to uh to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00546-00117079-00117358 control number three um because it just
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00547-00117359-00117615 made sense to us we we're we're tracking
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00548-00117616-00117871 hardware we're tracking software well we
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00549-00117872-00118015 by god we ought to kind of know where
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00550-00118016-00118271 the our sense of data is is uh it's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00551-00118272-00118534 located within our within our enterprise
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00552-00118535-00118686 and and do an effective job of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00553-00118688-00118990 protecting that um but you know um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00554-00118991-00119175 what we find is a number of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00555-00119176-00119351 organizations will tell us
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00556-00119352-00119463 that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00557-00119464-00119647 maintaining creating and maintaining an
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00558-00119648-00119878 inventory for hardware software and and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00559-00119879-00120007 now data
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00560-00120008-00120310 um is is difficult for them and so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00561-00120311-00120478 i think that's where organizations
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00562-00120479-00120639 struggle
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00563-00120640-00120886 what i would tell you is is you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00564-00120888-00121071 you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00565-00121072-00121302 there there has to be processes in place
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00566-00121303-00121614 for any any enterprise and you know for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00567-00121615-00121863 that enterprise how you how you acquire
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00568-00121864-00122047 assets and how you acquire software you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00569-00122048-00122223 have to you have to build processes you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00570-00122224-00122439 know for that where you maintain your
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00571-00122440-00122639 software and i you know i'm sorry where
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00572-00122640-00122878 you maintain your your data and that's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00573-00122879-00123158 critically important today tim because
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00574-00123159-00123375 you know largely we're we're a remote
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00575-00123376-00123575 workforce the you know the pandemic kind
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00576-00123576-00123758 of you know drove us in that direction
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00577-00123759-00123927 although we were moving in that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00578-00123928-00124166 direction to begin with um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00579-00124167-00124366 and you know where that data is actually
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00580-00124367-00124631 maintained now i would urge you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00581-00124632-00124734 folks to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00582-00124735-00124910 maybe centralize it within a cloud
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00583-00124911-00125119 environment so that wherever you are you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00584-00125120-00125295 happen to be in the world that you can
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00585-00125296-00125558 you can access it from one um single
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00586-00125559-00125751 location but
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00587-00125752-00125958 you know it's it's the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00588-00125959-00126199 the various frameworks and then i think
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00589-00126200-00126302 just
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00590-00126303-00126471 you know the around the first three
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00591-00126472-00126702 controls has been has been what's been
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00592-00126703-00126878 difficult for um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00593-00126879-00127063 for organizations to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00594-00127064-00127334 uh to start now the final thing i'll say
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00595-00127335-00127663 is that you know we made a huge change
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00596-00127664-00128014 with um version 7.1 of the controls and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00597-00128015-00128223 we and it's now also within version
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00598-00128224-00128463 eight um and that was by you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00599-00128464-00128631 breaking up our
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00600-00128632-00129054 20 controls and uh in our 171 safeguards
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00601-00129055-00129175 that were part of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00602-00129176-00129366 version 7.1
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00603-00129367-00129575 we broke them into three groups
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00604-00129576-00129758 and you know we call them implementation
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00605-00129759-00129902 groups and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00606-00129903-00130158 we we strongly believe that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00607-00130159-00130478 implementation group one is is should be
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00608-00130479-00130678 the basis for what we call essential
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00609-00130679-00130831 cyber hygiene
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00610-00130832-00131014 and you know and every organization
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00611-00131015-00131295 should be um implementing
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00612-00131296-00131511 those set of actions first and then
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00613-00131512-00131711 measuring themselves against the against
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00614-00131712-00131863 those actions but
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00615-00131864-00132063 you know why is it why is it um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00616-00132064-00132254 difficult or hard for organizations to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00617-00132255-00132502 implement um i think i think they just
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00618-00132503-00132711 need to understand where to start
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00619-00132712-00132854 they need to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00620-00132855-00133102 just choose a framework
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00621-00133103-00133359 and then from that then be very diligent
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00622-00133360-00133566 about you know some of the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00623-00133567-00133766 you know some of the processes about you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00624-00133767-00133943 know knowing your environment which is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00625-00133944-00134071 knowing where your hardware your
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00626-00134072-00134439 software and where your data exists
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00627-00134440-00134623 and with the the community defense model
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00628-00134624-00134902 with the work and the the the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00629-00134903-00135135 data and evidence included there they've
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00630-00135136-00135231 got
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00631-00135232-00135407 real information
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00632-00135408-00135607 that justifies that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00633-00135608-00135814 prioritization of those
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00634-00135815-00135999 essential controls for you know the the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00635-00136000-00136151 implementation group one controls for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00636-00136152-00136343 essential cyber hygiene
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00637-00136344-00136583 that that is based on on actual data as
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00638-00136584-00136759 opposed to just you know the expertise
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00639-00136760-00136902 of of people in the industry i think
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00640-00136903-00137199 that that does make a difference because
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00641-00137200-00137311 in the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00642-00137312-00137535 the cyber security industry you have
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00643-00137536-00137735 lots of vendors who are pushing their
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00644-00137736-00137966 their solutions and they bring
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00645-00137967-00138127 data and evidence
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00646-00138128-00138311 uh that their solution is the right
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00647-00138312-00138463 thing to implement
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00648-00138464-00138878 um having an independent group like cis
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00649-00138879-00139095 produce that kind of result i think is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00650-00139096-00139343 is pretty valuable for organizations to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00651-00139344-00139519 to have something to look at that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00652-00139520-00139663 doesn't involve them going and reading
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00653-00139664-00139783 all of those individual reports and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00654-00139784-00139990 drawing their conclusions and also isn't
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00655-00139991-00140214 driven by you know a vendor motivation
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00656-00140215-00140439 to to sell a product ultimately yeah
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00657-00140440-00140671 that that's exactly right and i'll tell
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00658-00140672-00140847 you that was one of the chief
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00659-00140848-00141095 motivations um for why i came to the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00660-00141096-00141287 center for internet security i i had
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00661-00141288-00141463 spent my first career at the national
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00662-00141464-00141743 security agency and and really did at
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00663-00141744-00141990 the time we were calling it information
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00664-00141991-00142166 um information security and then
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00665-00142167-00142359 information assurance and now it's uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00666-00142360-00142583 now it's cyber security but really what
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00667-00142584-00142823 motivated me was was
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00668-00142824-00142935 um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00669-00142936-00143111 being able to actually
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00670-00143112-00143383 make a difference um from the perch of a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00671-00143384-00143575 non-profit from a small non-profit i
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00672-00143576-00143790 would add um you know so
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00673-00143791-00144078 you're always gonna have um a segment
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00674-00144079-00144295 that may have you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00675-00144296-00144590 some distrust in in government um and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00676-00144591-00144919 then you have a segment that may um you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00677-00144920-00145143 know that are using commercial
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00678-00145144-00145359 commercial products but you know there's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00679-00145360-00145575 there's typically a reason behind
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00680-00145576-00145671 um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00681-00145672-00145919 that commercial product and and and how
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00682-00145920-00146126 they're um articulating uh the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00683-00146127-00146319 advantages of that product when you have
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00684-00146320-00146487 a small non-profit
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00685-00146488-00146759 that's neither a for-profit company and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00686-00146760-00147031 it's not government um but it's really
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00687-00147032-00147375 is a is a global community of cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00688-00147376-00147687 security practitioners that really have
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00689-00147688-00147926 kind of come together and said
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00690-00147927-00148102 we believe these are the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00691-00148103-00148271 the set of actions that every
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00692-00148272-00148471 organization should take you know again
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00693-00148472-00148639 we we call them the critical security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00694-00148640-00148951 controls um and you know we open that up
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00695-00148952-00149159 here's our transparent uh process for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00696-00149160-00149375 how we come to uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00697-00149376-00149551 uh come to the conclusion that these are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00698-00149552-00149726 the set of uh set of actions that we
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00699-00149727-00150095 want you to take um i just think um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00700-00150096-00150175 it
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00701-00150176-00150423 it provides an opportunity for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00702-00150424-00150654 public and private sector to rally
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00703-00150655-00150863 around and give um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00704-00150864-00151095 give themselves a you know an ability to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00705-00151096-00151254 actually protect themselves against
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00706-00151255-00151359 today's
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00707-00151360-00151551 you know real world
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00708-00151552-00151929 you know cyber attacks
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00709-00151930-00152126 [Music]
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00710-00152127-00152326 you are listening to the tripwire cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00711-00152327-00152551 security podcast thousands of
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00712-00152552-00152807 organizations rely on tripwire to serve
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00713-00152808-00152999 as the core of their cybersecurity
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00714-00153000-00153254 programs for more information visit
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00715-00153255-00153447 tripwire.com
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00716-00153448-00153935 that's tripwire.com
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00717-00153936-00154166 if folks are looking for a an
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00718-00154167-00154383 interesting read on
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00719-00154384-00154590 you know the market uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00720-00154591-00154799 threat landscape
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00721-00154800-00154975 and the the evidence about which
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00722-00154976-00155214 controls actually make the most
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00723-00155215-00155383 difference in in preventing the the most
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00724-00155384-00155559 prevalent types of attacks
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00725-00155560-00155711 i'd go you should look at the community
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00726-00155712-00155823 defense model because it really is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00727-00155824-00156054 interesting it's not a it's a it's a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00728-00156055-00156231 detailed document but you can read parts
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00729-00156232-00156447 of it and get a pretty clear picture um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00730-00156448-00156654 and that evidence that's independent as
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00731-00156655-00156814 you point out
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00732-00156815-00156975 you know government independent and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00733-00156976-00157207 vendor independent is i think occupies a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00734-00157208-00157511 unique space um in this industry so kurt
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00735-00157512-00157639 i i want to thank you for the time i
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00736-00157640-00157719 think it was a really interesting
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00737-00157720-00157902 conversation i really appreciate what um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00738-00157903-00158159 what cis is is doing in this latest
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00739-00158160-00158343 development from cis is you know even
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00740-00158344-00158543 more value for the the folks who are who
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00741-00158544-00158766 are out there um practicing cyber
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00742-00158767-00159023 security these days well tim um first
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00743-00159024-00159254 thank you for having me on the podcast
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00744-00159255-00159471 um yeah i gotta tell you it's um it's a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00745-00159472-00159647 little bit of out-of-body experience for
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00746-00159648-00159895 me i mean like i said i spent my career
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00747-00159896-00160063 at the national security agency where
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00748-00160064-00160263 you know you really didn't want to talk
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00749-00160264-00160543 uh publicly about anything um but you
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00750-00160544-00160790 know but for you to have me on you know
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00751-00160791-00160966 and and for you to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00752-00160967-00161135 you know identify the community defense
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00753-00161136-00161399 model is is an important um
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00754-00161400-00161687 uh you know um contribution to the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00755-00161688-00161926 global cyber security community is
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00756-00161927-00162102 really important and secondly i would
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00757-00162103-00162302 also be remiss if i didn't point out
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00758-00162303-00162559 that uh you know tripwire you know that
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00759-00162560-00162775 sponsors this podcast you know they are
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00760-00162776-00162871 also
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00761-00162872-00162999 uh
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00762-00163000-00163247 they contribute mightily into our
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00763-00163248-00163583 community and we we support uh we we
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00764-00163584-00163838 appreciate uh what they do for uh for a
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00765-00163839-00164047 small nonprofit
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00766-00164048-00164207 thank you so much kurt and thank you to
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00767-00164208-00164431 everyone who listened i hope it was as
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00768-00164432-00164638 interesting for you as it was to me
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00769-00164639-00164814 and that you'll tune in for the next
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00770-00164815-00165007 episode of the tripwire cyber security
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00771-00165008-00165199 podcast
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00772-00165200-00165390 you have been listening to the tripwire
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00773-00165391-00165678 cyber security podcast join us next time
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00774-00165679-00165878 as we explore stories of people
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00775-00165879-00166078 protecting people and techniques and
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00776-00166079-00166311 best practices to harden your defenses
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00777-00166312-00166471 against hackers
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00778-00166472-00166614 we'll talk to you next time on the
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00779-00166615-00167227 tripwire cyber security podcast
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00780-00167228-00168726 [Music]
+HSm0ENcFZ4E-00781-00168727-00168936 you