PyWfrP7Z6PY-00000-00000079-00000262 so i think we can all agree it's been a
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00001-00000263-00000463 while hasn't it
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00002-00000463-00000719 hey guys what's going on it's knock and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00003-00000720-00000799 yes
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00004-00000800-00000999 this is a portal 2 video it's been a
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00005-00001000-00001278 while hasn't it really has and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00006-00001279-00001503 i don't know i've just been sort of out
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00007-00001504-00001623 of love a bit with
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00008-00001623-00001975 portal for quite a while and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00009-00001976-00002118 i guess this is just a bit of an
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00010-00002119-00002350 experiment to come back to the game and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00011-00002351-00002431 see how i
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00012-00002432-00002671 feel i think taking the breaker from
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00013-00002672-00002815 portal at the beginning of the year was
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00014-00002816-00002855 a real
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00015-00002856-00003047 eye-opener because it allowed me to see
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00016-00003048-00003286 that i could do other things and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00017-00003288-00003527 i've been having lots of fun doing other
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00018-00003528-00003727 things and portal hasn't necessarily
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00019-00003728-00003911 been at the top of my list maybe
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00020-00003911-00004086 i'm getting a bit burnt out after the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00021-00004087-00004295 many hundreds of hours i've played but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00022-00004296-00004438 like i said maybe this is a bit of an
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00023-00004439-00004575 experiment just to see
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00024-00004576-00004759 whether or not i feel like i want to and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00025-00004760-00004927 can come back to pause two because it's
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00026-00004928-00005031 been a while
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00027-00005032-00005279 and i honestly don't know what my puzzle
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00028-00005280-00005583 solving ability is going to be like
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00029-00005584-00005918 so this is worlds apart from mikestro
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00030-00005919-00006143 and uh this is a concert that he had in
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00031-00006144-00006302 his head for quite a while
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00032-00006303-00006631 uh diaz mapping contest gave me the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00033-00006631-00006823 perfect opportunity to work it out into
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00034-00006823-00007023 a small map it won't be a winner but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00035-00007023-00007255 i like it anyway and it actually won
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00036-00007256-00007439 congratulations
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00037-00007440-00007623 this is my third mono portal puzzle and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00038-00007623-00007895 there are two just two portal surfaces
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00039-00007895-00008119 believe it or not but making this idea
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00040-00008120-00008487 work took an inaudible
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00041-00008488-00008639 clearly having a break hasn't made my
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00042-00008640-00008791 pronunciations go anywhere
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00043-00008792-00009023 amount of thought and effort one of the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00044-00009024-00009142 biggest challenges to overcome was to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00045-00009143-00009263 prevent the players from being able to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00046-00009264-00009414 trap themselves but ultimately i'm very
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00047-00009415-00009559 pleased with results two rooms
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00048-00009560-00009806 completely separated and unrelated
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00049-00009807-00009999 nothing in one room influences
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00050-00010000-00010191 anything in the other they are only
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00051-00010192-00010391 connected through portals can you reach
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00052-00010392-00010542 the exit
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00053-00010543-00010903 and as always don't do any
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00054-00010904-00011078 unintended solutions three out of ten
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00055-00011079-00011295 maybe it's short small and short but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00056-00011296-00011359 it's a bit
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00057-00011360-00011783 abstract let me know what you think
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00058-00011784-00012855 all right here we go then
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00059-00012856-00013079 oh we got the reflection gel which is
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00060-00013080-00013455 pointing
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00061-00013456-00013935 there is that on a timer
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00062-00013936-00014151 okay so that's all the time so i can
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00063-00014152-00014263 only assume
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00064-00014263-00014711 with this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00065-00014712-00014903 we're going to want to press the timer
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00066-00014904-00016883 and that's going to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00067-00016884-00017855 okay
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00068-00017856-00018358 ha
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00069-00018359-00018550 maybe though if i can get that all
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00070-00018551-00018727 hooked up and actually shoot the port on
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00071-00018728-00018991 there
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00072-00018992-00019135 there'll be something when i angle the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00073-00019136-00019430 laser through there which will stop it
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00074-00019431-00019719 and do something different
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00075-00019720-00020319 perhaps
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00076-00020320-00020655 yes there we go look there we
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00077-00020656-00021127 go excellent
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00078-00021128-00021822 pop a save there
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00079-00021823-00022014 now it did say that nothing was
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00080-00022015-00022483 connected nothing was related right
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00081-00022484-00022791 so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00082-00022792-00023199 because we can do this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00083-00023200-00023550 now we need a way to redirect
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00084-00023551-00023911 this so i'm guessing we're going to take
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00085-00023912-00024007 this over to here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00086-00024008-00024358 now
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00087-00024359-00024719 like so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00088-00024720-00024999 and now we need to get rid of the cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00089-00025000-00025367 somehow
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00090-00025368-00025591 so that what happens will be that will
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00091-00025592-00025743 reflect off there the port will swap
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00092-00025744-00025943 back we put our blue portal there
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00093-00025944-00026446 that will trigger that and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00094-00026447-00026646 then that will drop down and i guess we
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00095-00026647-00026799 can use
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00096-00026800-00026974 cubes to get up to there do like a bit
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00097-00026975-00027279 of cube climbing right
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00098-00027280-00028262 i think that seems about right
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00099-00028263-00029783 let's say how do we oh
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00100-00029783-00030743 put that there perhaps
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00101-00030744-00033343 so we can do that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00102-00033344-00034743 wondering that's another angle
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00103-00034744-00035083 oh wait a second that controls
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00104-00035084-00036111 that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00105-00036112-00036343 could i just respawn that cube that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00106-00036344-00036518 would close that that would stop that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00107-00036519-00036623 yeah i think
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00108-00036624-00036790 respawning the weighted cube would
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00109-00036791-00037823 probably work here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00110-00037824-00038559 okay cube respawned
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00111-00038560-00038902 and now we're going to worry about that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00112-00038903-00039639 being angled do we
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00113-00039640-00039990 well maybe we do but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00114-00039991-00040143 we can do that whether we're not we need
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00115-00040144-00040311 to use the layer then we need to use the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00116-00040312-00040871 laser anymore
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00117-00040872-00041190 of course that is going to fire up to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00118-00041191-00041351 this and now we need to come up with a
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00119-00041352-00041639 way to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00120-00041640-00042935 delay right
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00121-00042936-00043095 but i need to use a cube to get up to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00122-00043096-00044590 here and the cube to get up to there
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00123-00044591-00044767 so now it comes down to sort of the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00124-00044768-00046938 ordering of the cube i guess
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00125-00046939-00047374 [Music]
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00126-00047375-00047639 okay so where was we um we was trying to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00127-00047640-00048335 work out a way in which we can
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00128-00048336-00049167 we can do something fancy here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00129-00049168-00049527 we now have that on there that pointing
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00130-00049528-00049607 there which
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00131-00049608-00050111 means we don't need that cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00132-00050112-00051950 which would work for the time being
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00133-00051951-00052263 but then how do we force
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00134-00052264-00052807 this to update
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00135-00052808-00053759 that's the big thing here isn't it
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00136-00053760-00053959 now if we can respawn the laser cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00137-00053960-00054142 there is a window of opportunity where
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00138-00054144-00054415 we could potentially
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00139-00054416-00054599 get up into the right area because it's
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00140-00054600-00054766 going to respawn first
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00141-00054767-00054919 then it's going to take time to come out
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00142-00054920-00055087 the dropper and drop down before it hits
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00143-00055088-00055303 that then flip the panel before that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00144-00055304-00056223 actually ends up onto there so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00145-00056224-00056375 let's just take this for now as an
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00146-00056376-00057142 example
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00147-00057144-00057335 gotta bring the cube here as well so i'm
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00148-00057336-00057887 just thinking am i missing something
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00149-00057888-00058663 else
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00150-00058664-00058935 we can't crush the crush any cubes or
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00151-00058936-00060511 anything
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00152-00060512-00060711 actually i almost wonder if we need to
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00153-00060712-00061335 do a null portal here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00154-00061336-00061575 that would solve a lot of problems so if
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00155-00061576-00061735 we're over here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00156-00061736-00063082 how would i be able to create a null
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00157-00063083-00063999 portal
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00158-00064000-00064694 by doing this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00159-00064695-00064966 but then i would need to respawn the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00160-00064967-00065199 laser cube as well so that necessarily
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00161-00065200-00065271 wouldn't work
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00162-00065272-00065663 so we actually have to do something
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00163-00065664-00066823 like okay
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00164-00066824-00067326 we would need to do that first
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00165-00067327-00067582 yes i think that might be it so what
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00166-00067583-00067655 this will do
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00167-00067656-00067815 is we can go through to the other side
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00168-00067816-00067959 we can respawn this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00169-00067960-00068111 what that will do is it'll swap the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00170-00068112-00068294 portals around so we don't have a port
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00171-00068295-00068463 on the other side so we can now set up
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00172-00068464-00068647 on the other side
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00173-00068648-00068823 at the same time this will have dropped
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00174-00068824-00068950 down respawn
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00175-00068951-00069231 landed on there causing that to flip
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00176-00069232-00069382 lays to go through there and that's that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00177-00069383-00069535 so i think we're done
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00178-00069536-00069887 i think that's it
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00179-00069888-00070894 it says
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00180-00070895-00072967 why didn't that respawn
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00181-00072968-00074135 do that that's gonna break the laser
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00182-00074136-00074438 ah okay
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00183-00074439-00074823 maybe i shouldn't be so smug maybe i am
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00184-00074824-00075671 maybe i wasn't done after all
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00185-00075672-00075903 so the big brain question at the moment
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00186-00075904-00076879 is
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00187-00076880-00079559 how do i respawn this laser cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00188-00079560-00079711 can't bring it over here and that's what
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00189-00079712-00081462 this power what can i do from here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00190-00081463-00081655 i don't want to do it from here because
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00191-00081656-00082062 there's no
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00193-00088283-00091082 so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00195-00095807-00096159 all right let me think about this one
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00196-00096160-00096382 okay i've been trying things since our
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00197-00096383-00096487 previous cut
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00198-00096488-00096759 and i think this might be progress in
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00199-00096760-00096950 that i can swap
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00200-00096951-00097303 these portals around if i bring this one
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00201-00097304-00097431 to here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00202-00097432-00097726 in the middle there and i can go back
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00203-00097727-00097950 through to this side i can respawn the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00204-00097951-00098262 standard cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00205-00098263-00098582 so what that now does for me is now i
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00206-00098583-00098799 can have the blue portal on
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00207-00098800-00099191 this side
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00208-00099192-00099494 so then i don't need to worry anymore
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00209-00099495-00099838 in this puzzle about having this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00210-00099839-00100311 on here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00211-00100312-00100631 which is all well and good the problem
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00212-00100632-00100711 with this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00213-00100712-00101103 is that then i have to hit that at some
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00214-00101104-00102279 point
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00215-00102280-00102623 i have to hit that at some point because
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00216-00102624-00102806 i need to clear the portal and the only
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00217-00102807-00102975 way to clear the portal is to set
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00218-00102976-00103239 this one as our exit the one on the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00219-00103240-00103527 other side as our main
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00220-00103528-00104078 portal so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00221-00104079-00104671 an idea i've just had here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00222-00104672-00104999 okay let me
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00223-00105000-00105223 reset this because i think that might be
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00224-00105224-00105486 on the right lines
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00225-00105488-00105790 i need to move the reflection cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00226-00105791-00106399 first though before i do anything else
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00227-00106400-00106599 so here's what i'm thinking that's not
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00228-00106600-00106815 going to change now if we do this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00229-00106816-00107119 so i can put my weighted cube here i can
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00230-00107120-00107431 put my laser cube here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00231-00107432-00108151 and this will effectively do
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00232-00108152-00108502 no it won't will it ah
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00233-00108503-00108702 okay what i was thinking along those
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00234-00108703-00108847 lines was if i now
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00235-00108848-00109710 respawn the weighted cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00236-00109711-00110207 that would cause the portal to flicker
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00237-00110208-00110799 but it doesn't does it
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00238-00110800-00111054 so if this is the right path how do i
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00239-00111055-00111215 clear
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00240-00111216-00111575 the portal on this side because the only
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00241-00111576-00111702 way i can see
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00242-00111703-00111958 or the only way i can think of doing
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00243-00111959-00113483 this right now
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00244-00113483-00115127 unless
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00245-00115128-00115271 well no because that would just put us
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00246-00115272-00115383 in the same position i was going to say
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00247-00115383-00115654 unless i can respawn this cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00248-00115655-00115831 through there and respawn both cubes at
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00249-00115832-00115983 the same time which i could do
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00250-00115983-00116295 that's not a problem
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00251-00116296-00119127 but it doesn't solve our issue does it
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00252-00119128-00119902 all right this is
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00253-00119903-00120975 okay this is completely
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00254-00120976-00121495 this is death
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00255-00121496-00121871 oh dear
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00256-00121872-00122199 i've not forgot i've i've not missed
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00257-00122200-00122263 those
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00258-00122264-00122471 that's for sure uh right what did we do
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00259-00122472-00122790 here then so i
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00260-00122791-00123543 respawn and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00261-00123544-00123910 i took this away from here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00262-00123911-00124286 i did that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00263-00124288-00124878 respawned standard cube
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00264-00124879-00125727 save there
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00265-00125728-00125871 now here's what i'm thinking with this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00266-00125872-00126207 and this is
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00267-00126208-00126575 uh this is like very very cheeky
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00268-00126576-00126775 and i don't know if this is the solution
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00269-00126776-00126902 but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00270-00126903-00128414 that panel
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00271-00128415-00129151 it did okay
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00272-00129152-00129558 i think that might be the solution
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00273-00129559-00129839 so i can put the weighted cube on here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00274-00129840-00130351 on this side
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00275-00130352-00130614 god i keep this pool without any problem
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00276-00130615-00130919 so let's just put that over there
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00277-00130920-00131683 you put that back on there
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00278-00131684-00131831 then
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00279-00131832-00132271 something like this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00280-00132272-00132454 and then if everything happens like it
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00281-00132455-00133278 just did then
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00282-00133279-00133623 but well
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00283-00133624-00133990 yes and no so let me demonstrate if this
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00284-00133991-00134431 works
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00285-00134432-00134614 that clears the portal and that would
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00286-00134615-00135087 allow me to get up to here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00287-00135088-00135702 which is what we want but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00288-00135703-00135847 the laser's not in the right position
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00289-00135848-00137283 now is it laser cubes are in the right
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00290-00137284-00138683 position
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00291-00138684-00139127 so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00292-00139128-00139414 all right well had some good ideas but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00293-00139415-00139519 nothing has come
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00294-00139520-00139790 through auras just yet so back to the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00295-00139791-00140135 drawing board it is i suppose
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00296-00140136-00140390 okay how abstract and quirky do we want
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00297-00140391-00140543 to get here
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00298-00140544-00140790 because i've just had another thought
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00299-00140791-00140951 there is one thing
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00300-00140952-00141207 in this entire map that moves and that's
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00301-00141208-00141423 this panel
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00302-00141424-00141727 so could i
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00303-00141728-00142119 do this and if so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00304-00142120-00144283 will that cube get crushed
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00305-00144284-00144543 ugh
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00306-00144544-00144926 okay well
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00307-00144927-00145831 got crushed
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00308-00145832-00146383 now i don't think however
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00309-00146384-00146687 i have enough time
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00310-00146688-00147631 to do what i need to do
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00311-00147632-00148943 all right
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00313-00152952-00153478 all right well we're not done yet
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00314-00153479-00154083 okay new idea time
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00315-00154084-00155247 276.
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00316-00155248-00156207 why don't we try and do it this way
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00317-00156208-00156575 so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00318-00156576-00156951 should hopefully happen is
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00319-00156952-00157287 i can respawn the standard cube and then
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00320-00157288-00157495 the weighted q the reflection cube sorry
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00321-00157496-00157607 will drop
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00322-00157608-00157863 as it drops it will land and hit that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00323-00157864-00158071 catcher
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00324-00158072-00158278 which will turn off this respawn that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00325-00158279-00158839 cube drop that on that conductive plate
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00326-00158840-00159366 i think
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00327-00159367-00159751 just like that
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00328-00159752-00160447 now everything has worked out correctly
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00329-00160448-00160966 i should be able i should be able to do
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00330-00160967-00161366 that and there we go that was a nice
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00331-00161367-00161495 puzzle
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00332-00161496-00161671 um on the face of it with only a couple
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00333-00161672-00161807 of poor surfaces
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00334-00161808-00161999 seems relatively simple i say that quite
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00335-00162000-00162175 often about maps that have
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00336-00162176-00162375 limited number of portal surfaces on the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00337-00162376-00162543 face and they look quite simple and they
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00338-00162544-00162687 feel like they only they limit your
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00339-00162688-00162766 options
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00340-00162767-00162935 but it's how the other elements around
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00341-00162936-00163087 those portal surfaces
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00342-00163088-00163295 actually interact with each other which
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00343-00163296-00163447 create the puzzle and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00344-00163448-00163743 make it such a head scratcher so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00345-00163744-00163854 fantastic job
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00346-00163855-00164166 thank you very much for that one and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00347-00164167-00164311 like i said i don't know how regular i'm
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00348-00164312-00164471 going to be putting out portal videos
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00349-00164472-00164511 but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00350-00164512-00164783 today i just felt like playing one and i
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00351-00164784-00164895 will try and
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00352-00164896-00165151 drop them in here and there but as i
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00353-00165152-00165295 kind of said it when i came back from my
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00354-00165296-00165463 break i don't want to tie my down to a
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00355-00165464-00165575 schedule
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00356-00165576-00165766 um and as i explained at the start of
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00357-00165767-00165887 this video i've kind of been just been
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00358-00165888-00165951 having
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00359-00165952-00166263 a lot of fun just doing my own thing so
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00360-00166264-00166423 yeah i hope you can all kind of
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00361-00166424-00166647 understand where i'm coming from but
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00362-00166648-00166775 if you have watched it thank you very
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00363-00166776-00167031 much i really appreciate your support
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00364-00167032-00167295 and um got any suggestions or feedback
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00365-00167296-00167423 for this or anything to do with the
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00366-00167424-00167575 channel please do let me know
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00367-00167576-00167726 but until next time i've been knocked
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00368-00167727-00167935 you've been awesome
PyWfrP7Z6PY-00369-00167936-00168255 see ya
P_qJW9G0KBk-00000-00000059-00000936 [Music]
P_qJW9G0KBk-00001-00000938-00001297 thank you
P_qJW9G0KBk-00002-00001298-00003695 [Music]
P_qJW9G0KBk-00003-00003696-00004056 foreign
P_qJW9G0KBk-00004-00004057-00006767 [Music]
P_qJW9G0KBk-00005-00006768-00006992 foreign
PBcVL8FhRuY-00001-00003624-00003925 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00002-00003926-00004079 thank you
PBcVL8FhRuY-00003-00004081-00004325 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00004-00004326-00004468 foreign
PBcVL8FhRuY-00005-00004469-00005749 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00006-00005750-00005963 [Applause]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00007-00005964-00006497 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00008-00006498-00006601 [Applause]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00009-00006602-00006640 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00010-00006641-00006829 [Applause]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00011-00006830-00007498 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00012-00007500-00007591 [Applause]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00013-00007592-00007787 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00014-00007788-00008084 foreign
PBcVL8FhRuY-00016-00011772-00012085 foreign
PBcVL8FhRuY-00017-00012086-00013813 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00018-00013813-00014971 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00019-00014972-00016555 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00020-00016556-00017093 thank you
PBcVL8FhRuY-00021-00017094-00018935 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00022-00018936-00019221 foreign
PBcVL8FhRuY-00024-00022886-00023841 thank you
PBcVL8FhRuY-00025-00023842-00025889 [Applause]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00026-00025889-00026437 foreign
PBcVL8FhRuY-00027-00026438-00028183 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00028-00028185-00029087 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00029-00029088-00029627 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00030-00029629-00031245 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00031-00031245-00032935 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00032-00032936-00034494 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00033-00034495-00036437 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00034-00036438-00037606 all right
PBcVL8FhRuY-00036-00040694-00042206 thank you
PBcVL8FhRuY-00037-00042207-00042593 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00038-00042594-00042754 foreign
PBcVL8FhRuY-00039-00042755-00045040 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00040-00045041-00046817 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00041-00046818-00049429 always
PBcVL8FhRuY-00042-00049430-00050968 [Music]
PBcVL8FhRuY-00043-00050969-00051269 foreign
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00000-00000008-00000271 to familiarize you with your perceptical
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00001-00000272-00000407 nemesis
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00002-00000408-00000767 know him loathe him i'll think
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00003-00000768-00001158 and might outlive him continuing on
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00004-00001159-00002030 we have ravage a fearsome
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00005-00002032-00002342 so anything you can help him with
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00006-00002343-00002655 might make all the difference he has
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00007-00002656-00003943 a great deal of faith in your recruits
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00008-00003944-00004527 protect each other good luck
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00009-00004528-00004879 we're heading out soon so remember your
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00010-00004880-00005683 [Music]
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00011-00005684-00006299 orders
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00012-00006300-00007083 [Music]
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00013-00007084-00007427 yes
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00014-00007428-00008483 [Music]
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00015-00008484-00008970 sorry
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00016-00008971-00009883 [Music]
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00017-00009884-00010208 okay
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00018-00010209-00010555 [Music]
PEiYQaQ_u4y-00019-00010556-00010856 okay
PF_99Wp9vOo-00000-00000005-00002883 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00001-00002884-00003048 so
PF_99Wp9vOo-00002-00003049-00005758 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00004-00008967-00009994 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00005-00009995-00010702 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00006-00010703-00011257 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00007-00011258-00011946 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00008-00011947-00012041 [Applause]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00009-00012042-00014083 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00010-00014084-00014300 so
PF_99Wp9vOo-00012-00022240-00022286 [Applause]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00013-00022287-00025141 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00014-00025142-00025283 [Applause]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00015-00025284-00025445 do
PF_99Wp9vOo-00017-00029714-00030367 [Music]
PF_99Wp9vOo-00018-00030368-00030575 you
PFDnKD9vbkg-00000-00000079-00000167 so
PFDnKD9vbkg-00001-00000168-00000366 i am now ezio
PFDnKD9vbkg-00002-00000367-00000655 assassin prong spike
PFDnKD9vbkg-00003-00000656-00000950 miles have i traveled in time
PFDnKD9vbkg-00004-00000951-00001231 to deliver my psych
PFDnKD9vbkg-00005-00001232-00001439 i'm desmond the norm
PFDnKD9vbkg-00006-00001440-00001718 i'm immortal in chamber
PFDnKD9vbkg-00007-00001719-00001914 but as ezio
PFDnKD9vbkg-00008-00001916-00002151 auditorium friends
PFDnKD9vbkg-00009-00002152-00002447 i hold a key to our savior
PFDnKD9vbkg-00010-00002448-00002655 to uncover the mysteries
PFDnKD9vbkg-00011-00002656-00002910 by a far ancient race
PFDnKD9vbkg-00012-00002911-00003158 known as first civilization
PFDnKD9vbkg-00013-00003159-00003431 to them i keep base
PFDnKD9vbkg-00014-00003432-00003670 my aim is simple
PFDnKD9vbkg-00015-00003671-00003903 to end all our strife
PFDnKD9vbkg-00016-00003904-00004135 to finish our conflicts
PFDnKD9vbkg-00017-00004136-00004431 with templars in life
PFDnKD9vbkg-00018-00004432-00004654 it's renaissance italy
PFDnKD9vbkg-00019-00004655-00004863 that's where i will roam
PFDnKD9vbkg-00020-00004864-00005111 15th century and 16th
PFDnKD9vbkg-00021-00005112-00005422 is my time lord come home
PFDnKD9vbkg-00022-00005423-00005631 for those who betray me
PFDnKD9vbkg-00023-00005632-00005943 i will punish with reverie
PFDnKD9vbkg-00024-00005944-00006175 and for my family
PFDnKD9vbkg-00025-00006176-00006612 i will execute most willingly
PIrVcJVKvAg-00000-00000159-00001926 [Music]
PIrVcJVKvAg-00001-00001927-00002162 so
PIrVcJVKvAg-00002-00002163-00004165 [Music]
PIrVcJVKvAg-00003-00004166-00006054 [Music]
PIrVcJVKvAg-00004-00006055-00006264 you
PIzArXAbS7A-00000-00000142-00000438 [Music]
PIzArXAbS7A-00001-00000440-00000778 I'm Ben Galbraith and I'm do now man and
PIzArXAbS7A-00002-00000779-00000932 we're on the chrome team where we work
PIzArXAbS7A-00003-00000933-00001211 on the web platform and we'll be tag
PIzArXAbS7A-00004-00001212-00001415 teaming throughout this talk as we share
PIzArXAbS7A-00005-00001416-00001609 with you some highlights of what's new
PIzArXAbS7A-00006-00001610-00001838 on Chrome in the web and since last
PIzArXAbS7A-00007-00001839-00002098 year's Google i/o we've had three major
PIzArXAbS7A-00008-00002099-00002423 anniversaries in September chrome turned
PIzArXAbS7A-00009-00002424-00002657 10 years old and to celebrate we shipped
PIzArXAbS7A-00010-00002658-00003023 a major update to Chrome's UI in the
PIzArXAbS7A-00011-00003024-00003076 same month
PIzArXAbS7A-00012-00003077-00003326 Google mom 20 years pursuing its mission
PIzArXAbS7A-00013-00003327-00003476 of organizing the world's information
PIzArXAbS7A-00014-00003477-00003836 and two months ago the web celebrated
PIzArXAbS7A-00015-00003836-00004076 its 30th birthday so I guess the web is
PIzArXAbS7A-00016-00004077-00004204 kind of a real grown up now
PIzArXAbS7A-00017-00004205-00004436 I guess we're headed to middle-age oh so
PIzArXAbS7A-00018-00004437-00004690 it was back in 1989 that Tim berners-lee
PIzArXAbS7A-00019-00004691-00004961 described this vision that he had for
PIzArXAbS7A-00020-00004962-00005170 the web and I love this concept of a
PIzArXAbS7A-00021-00005171-00005450 space where everything can be linked to
PIzArXAbS7A-00022-00005451-00005516 everything
PIzArXAbS7A-00023-00005517-00005804 I think this captures the spirit of the
PIzArXAbS7A-00024-00005805-00006097 web and what makes it special in today's
PIzArXAbS7A-00025-00006098-00006385 landscape it's this sort of massive
PIzArXAbS7A-00026-00006386-00006745 global scale open platform where all of
PIzArXAbS7A-00027-00006747-00006895 us can freely connect with each other
PIzArXAbS7A-00028-00006897-00007120 and where a new experience is just a
PIzArXAbS7A-00029-00007122-00007378 link away and the web's future depends
PIzArXAbS7A-00030-00007379-00007583 on all of us working together to adapt
PIzArXAbS7A-00031-00007584-00007778 and improve it to meet the needs of our
PIzArXAbS7A-00032-00007779-00008069 evolving load this need to collaborate
PIzArXAbS7A-00033-00008070-00008234 is why we work on the open source
PIzArXAbS7A-00034-00008235-00008456 chromium project as we work to improve
PIzArXAbS7A-00035-00008457-00008663 the web platform and we're really
PIzArXAbS7A-00036-00008664-00008912 excited that chromium is used by so many
PIzArXAbS7A-00037-00008913-00009145 different browsers all around the world
PIzArXAbS7A-00038-00009146-00009470 so web has come so far over the past
PIzArXAbS7A-00039-00009471-00009626 three decades this is the world's first
PIzArXAbS7A-00040-00009627-00009896 web page up here from simple documents
PIzArXAbS7A-00041-00009897-00010169 to really really sophisticated modern
PIzArXAbS7A-00042-00010170-00010442 websites and so as we think about the
PIzArXAbS7A-00043-00010443-00010667 next three decades we ask yourself what
PIzArXAbS7A-00044-00010668-00011113 lies ahead we have three major goals for
PIzArXAbS7A-00045-00011114-00011270 the work that we're doing to improve the
PIzArXAbS7A-00046-00011271-00011599 web platform first we want to enable
PIzArXAbS7A-00047-00011600-00011935 users to traverse the web instantly no
PIzArXAbS7A-00048-00011936-00012131 matter where they are in the world and
PIzArXAbS7A-00049-00012132-00012284 this and this helps ensure that people
PIzArXAbS7A-00050-00012285-00012517 keep exploring and finding new content
PIzArXAbS7A-00051-00012518-00012770 and it builds this rich diversity that
PIzArXAbS7A-00052-00012771-00012963 we value so much on the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00053-00012964-00013288 second major goal is expanding the power
PIzArXAbS7A-00054-00013288-00013516 of the web which enables people to find
PIzArXAbS7A-00055-00013516-00013663 all of the world's information and
PIzArXAbS7A-00056-00013663-00013836 services on the platform and it really
PIzArXAbS7A-00057-00013837-00014022 brings this vision of everything
PIzArXAbS7A-00058-00014022-00014238 connected to everything on the platform
PIzArXAbS7A-00059-00014240-00014613 to life our third major goal is ensuring
PIzArXAbS7A-00060-00014615-00014775 that as people navigate the web they're
PIzArXAbS7A-00061-00014776-00015100 kept safe and so this afternoon we're
PIzArXAbS7A-00062-00015101-00015264 gonna update you on some of the work
PIzArXAbS7A-00063-00015265-00015433 that we've been doing in these three
PIzArXAbS7A-00064-00015434-00015753 areas so let's start with loading links
PIzArXAbS7A-00065-00015754-00016102 instantly back in the early days you
PIzArXAbS7A-00066-00016103-00016327 know the dial-up modem era does this
PIzArXAbS7A-00067-00016328-00016572 bring back any any memories that kind of
PIzArXAbS7A-00068-00016573-00016683 I don't know if they're good memories
PIzArXAbS7A-00069-00016684-00017071 above they're really good memories back
PIzArXAbS7A-00070-00017072-00017328 in the dial-up era high-speed
PIzArXAbS7A-00071-00017329-00017533 connections were kind of limited to
PIzArXAbS7A-00072-00017534-00017686 institutions you didn't really have in
PIzArXAbS7A-00073-00017687-00017917 my home but today broadband is
PIzArXAbS7A-00074-00017918-00018091 everywhere we increasingly have
PIzArXAbS7A-00075-00018092-00018343 blazingly fast connections even in our
PIzArXAbS7A-00076-00018344-00018628 pockets the instant web is here okay are
PIzArXAbS7A-00077-00018629-00018994 achieved except it's really not really
PIzArXAbS7A-00078-00018995-00019189 you know if you look at the data or
PIzArXAbS7A-00079-00019190-00019347 product managers sometimes we do that
PIzArXAbS7A-00080-00019348-00019558 the real work conditions the web can be
PIzArXAbS7A-00081-00019559-00019815 pretty far from instant these are stats
PIzArXAbS7A-00082-00019816-00020197 from HTTP archive which has a corpus of
PIzArXAbS7A-00083-00020198-00020392 about five million URLs that it
PIzArXAbS7A-00084-00020393-00020608 retrieves over the world from a data
PIzArXAbS7A-00085-00020609-00020878 center in the US on average it takes six
PIzArXAbS7A-00086-00020879-00021055 seconds before the webpage even starts
PIzArXAbS7A-00087-00021056-00021283 to paint and it takes nine seconds
PIzArXAbS7A-00088-00021284-00021403 before users could even start
PIzArXAbS7A-00089-00021404-00021649 interacting with the webpage and then
PIzArXAbS7A-00090-00021650-00021843 when you start to consider other areas
PIzArXAbS7A-00091-00021844-00022065 of the world with poorer connectivity or
PIzArXAbS7A-00092-00022066-00022425 sort of emerging entry level devices it
PIzArXAbS7A-00093-00022426-00022777 can be much much worse and what small
PIzArXAbS7A-00094-00022778-00022975 web pages are constantly getting bigger
PIzArXAbS7A-00095-00022976-00023190 nearly doubling in size over the past
PIzArXAbS7A-00096-00023191-00023508 three years to an average total of 1.6
PIzArXAbS7A-00097-00023509-00023833 Meg's and we found that users are really
PIzArXAbS7A-00098-00023834-00024055 sensitive to loading speed this is from
PIzArXAbS7A-00099-00024056-00024271 a recent study from the company so stow
PIzArXAbS7A-00100-00024272-00024433 the respected performance testing firm
PIzArXAbS7A-00101-00024434-00024675 they found that even just one second
PIzArXAbS7A-00102-00024676-00024928 increases in loading times cause big
PIzArXAbS7A-00103-00024929-00025206 conversion decreases for developers it's
PIzArXAbS7A-00104-00025207-00025606 a really really important area this is
PIzArXAbS7A-00105-00025607-00025768 why we've invested so much energy
PIzArXAbS7A-00106-00025769-00025944 through the years and adding new web
PIzArXAbS7A-00107-00025945-00026149 platform features throughout the stack
PIzArXAbS7A-00108-00026150-00026320 then enable developers to
PIzArXAbS7A-00109-00026320-00026460 improve the performance of their sites
PIzArXAbS7A-00110-00026461-00026739 such as preload and prefetch to make
PIzArXAbS7A-00111-00026741-00026868 sure the browser knows what to
PIzArXAbS7A-00112-00026869-00027090 prioritize for the current page and can
PIzArXAbS7A-00113-00027091-00027262 fetch what you think will be needed for
PIzArXAbS7A-00114-00027263-00027529 the next one and the developers who take
PIzArXAbS7A-00115-00027530-00027714 advantage of all these improvements that
PIzArXAbS7A-00116-00027716-00027907 are landing in the web consistently see
PIzArXAbS7A-00117-00027908-00028252 big big gains for example wayfarer the
PIzArXAbS7A-00118-00028252-00028462 popular retailer recently optimized
PIzArXAbS7A-00119-00028463-00028677 their site and saw a 10% increase in
PIzArXAbS7A-00120-00028678-00028849 their year of your conversion rates and
PIzArXAbS7A-00121-00028850-00029068 times Internet that is similar
PIzArXAbS7A-00122-00029069-00029224 optimisation and increase their average
PIzArXAbS7A-00123-00029225-00029485 session duration by 31% we used to work
PIzArXAbS7A-00124-00029486-00029652 in retail and fight for like basis point
PIzArXAbS7A-00125-00029653-00029785 improvement that's a big embrace our
PIzArXAbS7A-00126-00029786-00030031 massive gains and again it's consistent
PIzArXAbS7A-00127-00030032-00030204 whenever developers put in this effort
PIzArXAbS7A-00128-00030205-00030457 for example we spent a bunch of ephah
PIzArXAbS7A-00129-00030458-00030655 over the last year optimizing Chrome's
PIzArXAbS7A-00130-00030656-00030912 initial page load performance and you
PIzArXAbS7A-00131-00030913-00031077 can really see these gains on
PIzArXAbS7A-00132-00031078-00031302 entry-level Android devices when we've
PIzArXAbS7A-00133-00031303-00031740 gotten it down to half the time much of
PIzArXAbS7A-00134-00031741-00031876 these gains are powered by improvements
PIzArXAbS7A-00135-00031877-00031989 with made to v8
PIzArXAbS7A-00136-00031990-00032182 our JavaScript engine and this is so
PIzArXAbS7A-00137-00032183-00032392 important because javascript size has
PIzArXAbS7A-00138-00032393-00032655 grown 50% as well and it's great to see
PIzArXAbS7A-00139-00032656-00032821 new features the developers seem to
PIzArXAbS7A-00140-00032822-00032958 really like like async/await
PIzArXAbS7A-00141-00032959-00033286 really get a lot faster as the VM team
PIzArXAbS7A-00142-00033287-00033583 really kind of supercharges it ok a big
PIzArXAbS7A-00143-00033584-00033696 part of the increase that dion was
PIzArXAbS7A-00144-00033697-00033945 talking about comes from images and you
PIzArXAbS7A-00145-00033946-00034074 know images are great especially as our
PIzArXAbS7A-00146-00034075-00034276 world becomes more visual but they also
PIzArXAbS7A-00147-00034277-00034435 lead to a lot of bloat
PIzArXAbS7A-00148-00034436-00034695 for example the average page transfers
PIzArXAbS7A-00149-00034696-00035023 840 kilobytes of images which is 2 times
PIzArXAbS7A-00150-00035024-00035299 bigger than it was three years ago and
PIzArXAbS7A-00151-00035300-00035536 so with this in mind we've added a new
PIzArXAbS7A-00152-00035537-00035755 feature to the platform lazy loading
PIzArXAbS7A-00153-00035756-00036052 that helps and it does this by loading
PIzArXAbS7A-00154-00036053-00036286 only the images that are required for
PIzArXAbS7A-00155-00036287-00036535 the user to see and it automatically
PIzArXAbS7A-00156-00036536-00036742 manages the loading of new images as the
PIzArXAbS7A-00157-00036743-00036904 user Scrolls and it addresses two
PIzArXAbS7A-00158-00036905-00037170 problems first it's just a waste of data
PIzArXAbS7A-00159-00037171-00037371 to send images down to a user that
PIzArXAbS7A-00160-00037372-00037645 they're never gonna see and two we found
PIzArXAbS7A-00161-00037646-00037965 that mobile entry level devices really
PIzArXAbS7A-00162-00037966-00038139 struggle when they try to download a lot
PIzArXAbS7A-00163-00038140-00038305 of images simultaneously they start to
PIzArXAbS7A-00164-00038306-00038487 thrash and can lead to a really sluggish
PIzArXAbS7A-00165-00038488-00038808 experience for users all you need to do
PIzArXAbS7A-00166-00038809-00039045 is add the new loading that lazy tag to
PIzArXAbS7A-00167-00039046-00039289 your image tags and chrome manages the
PIzArXAbS7A-00168-00039290-00039501 rest it detects the connection speed of
PIzArXAbS7A-00169-00039502-00039649 the user to decide when to low
PIzArXAbS7A-00170-00039650-00039907 and it retrieves the first two kilobytes
PIzArXAbS7A-00171-00039908-00040126 of the image to figure out what the size
PIzArXAbS7A-00172-00040127-00040378 of the placeholder should be we're also
PIzArXAbS7A-00173-00040379-00040606 extending this feature to iframes
PIzArXAbS7A-00174-00040607-00040795 so that they can also be lazily loaded
PIzArXAbS7A-00175-00040796-00041038 and this is in Canary and you can play
PIzArXAbS7A-00176-00041039-00041311 with it today great so to help you keep
PIzArXAbS7A-00177-00041312-00041431 up with all of these platform
PIzArXAbS7A-00178-00041432-00041611 improvements a few years ago we
PIzArXAbS7A-00179-00041612-00041809 introduced a tool called lighthouse it's
PIzArXAbS7A-00180-00041810-00042025 built right into chrome dev tools and it
PIzArXAbS7A-00181-00042026-00042223 analyzes your site to tell you exactly
PIzArXAbS7A-00182-00042224-00042424 how to use all of the latest of the
PIzArXAbS7A-00183-00042425-00042646 platform's features to optimize your
PIzArXAbS7A-00184-00042647-00042886 site's performance once you do the work
PIzArXAbS7A-00185-00042887-00043048 to get your site fast though you want to
PIzArXAbS7A-00186-00043049-00043270 keep it that way and with a large team
PIzArXAbS7A-00187-00043271-00043462 adding features it's really easy to
PIzArXAbS7A-00188-00043463-00043873 regress what we're seeing with
PIzArXAbS7A-00189-00043874-00043999 successful developers are they
PIzArXAbS7A-00190-00044000-00044194 continuously measure their websites and
PIzArXAbS7A-00191-00044195-00044485 they set performance budgets partners
PIzArXAbS7A-00192-00044486-00044704 like Pinterest and único Canada saw an
PIzArXAbS7A-00193-00044705-00044920 improvement in both business metrics and
PIzArXAbS7A-00194-00044921-00045169 user engagement when they focus on
PIzArXAbS7A-00195-00045170-00045502 performance and implemented budgets so
PIzArXAbS7A-00196-00045503-00045697 we love this practice so much we wanted
PIzArXAbS7A-00197-00045698-00045925 to add support right into lighthouse and
PIzArXAbS7A-00198-00045926-00046171 we did that today it's really simple to
PIzArXAbS7A-00199-00046172-00046429 set up you get a configuration in a JSON
PIzArXAbS7A-00200-00046430-00046687 file and you just set different resource
PIzArXAbS7A-00201-00046688-00046885 limits or set different metrics that you
PIzArXAbS7A-00202-00046886-00047115 want to hear then take lighthouse it's
PIzArXAbS7A-00203-00047116-00047236 easy to integrate it into your
PIzArXAbS7A-00204-00047237-00047482 continuous integration server and that's
PIzArXAbS7A-00205-00047483-00047734 it so you can open up the newest release
PIzArXAbS7A-00206-00047735-00048052 of lighthouse and start budgeting about
PIzArXAbS7A-00207-00048053-00048202 a year and a half ago we released the
PIzArXAbS7A-00208-00048203-00048460 chrome user experience report this is a
PIzArXAbS7A-00209-00048461-00048706 massive corpus of chrome performance
PIzArXAbS7A-00210-00048707-00048973 data that tells you exactly how your
PIzArXAbS7A-00211-00048974-00049168 users are experiencing your site all
PIzArXAbS7A-00212-00049169-00049440 across the world and it also shows you
PIzArXAbS7A-00213-00049441-00049642 how your competitors are doing we've
PIzArXAbS7A-00214-00049643-00049921 been steadily expanding this corpus of
PIzArXAbS7A-00215-00049922-00050121 data it's now has about 6 million sites
PIzArXAbS7A-00216-00050122-00050361 and you can get to the raw data and
PIzArXAbS7A-00217-00050362-00050626 explore it using Google clouds bigquery
PIzArXAbS7A-00218-00050627-00050833 product and we've also been integrating
PIzArXAbS7A-00219-00050834-00050995 it into our performance tooling like
PIzArXAbS7A-00220-00050996-00051345 HTTP archive and PageSpeed insights and
PIzArXAbS7A-00221-00051346-00051567 we have a new integration that we're
PIzArXAbS7A-00222-00051569-00051780 announcing today on our search console
PIzArXAbS7A-00223-00051782-00051952 where now there's a new speed report
PIzArXAbS7A-00224-00051953-00052191 that gives you insights at the URL level
PIzArXAbS7A-00225-00052192-00052375 and also gives you aggregate information
PIzArXAbS7A-00226-00052376-00052561 about how groups of pages can be
PIzArXAbS7A-00227-00052562-00052936 improved and then to go even deeper on
PIzArXAbS7A-00228-00052937-00053008 your side
PIzArXAbS7A-00229-00053009-00053176 the five base team announced five based
PIzArXAbS7A-00230-00053177-00053371 performance monitoring earlier today
PIzArXAbS7A-00231-00053372-00053584 this lets you instrument your own sites
PIzArXAbS7A-00232-00053585-00053848 to gather an even wider array a real
PIzArXAbS7A-00233-00053849-00054201 user metrics and it's all for free
PIzArXAbS7A-00234-00054202-00054424 there's one more small performance
PIzArXAbS7A-00235-00054425-00054553 feature I want to tell you about and
PIzArXAbS7A-00236-00054554-00054811 it's called paint holding to understand
PIzArXAbS7A-00237-00054812-00054940 one this one we need to look at one of
PIzArXAbS7A-00238-00054941-00055242 my favorite sites it's I don't know how
PIzArXAbS7A-00239-00055244-00055467 to pronounce this out over walls Awards
PIzArXAbS7A-00240-00055469-00055678 audience Awards it's a fantastic award
PIzArXAbS7A-00241-00055679-00055957 site for a web design it's really fast
PIzArXAbS7A-00242-00055958-00056215 which is great but there's this white
PIzArXAbS7A-00243-00056216-00056401 flash when you transition between pages
PIzArXAbS7A-00244-00056402-00056584 which is really annoying
PIzArXAbS7A-00245-00056585-00056779 take a look I'm gonna play it now we
PIzArXAbS7A-00246-00056779-00057085 click on the performance center and you
PIzArXAbS7A-00247-00057086-00057472 get the flash so this is actually a
PIzArXAbS7A-00248-00057473-00057679 feature from our perspective the flash
PIzArXAbS7A-00249-00057679-00057891 you just saw because we want to show the
PIzArXAbS7A-00250-00057892-00058120 user that chrome is being responsive and
PIzArXAbS7A-00251-00058121-00058294 that we're going out and we're loading
PIzArXAbS7A-00252-00058295-00058534 the page and so we immediately clear the
PIzArXAbS7A-00253-00058535-00058779 pay the site or the browser as soon as
PIzArXAbS7A-00254-00058780-00058905 we start that process to show you that
PIzArXAbS7A-00255-00058907-00059062 something's happening but in this case
PIzArXAbS7A-00256-00059063-00059287 it happens nearly instantaneously and so
PIzArXAbS7A-00257-00059288-00059485 the flash is just really annoying so
PIzArXAbS7A-00258-00059486-00059691 with paint holding we now look at the
PIzArXAbS7A-00259-00059692-00059809 page it's being loaded and if it's
PIzArXAbS7A-00260-00059810-00059995 responding fast enough we get rid of the
PIzArXAbS7A-00261-00059996-00060196 flash so I'll replay the video with this
PIzArXAbS7A-00262-00060197-00060678 feature turned on and you'll see a
PIzArXAbS7A-00263-00060679-00060979 really seamless transition so this flag
PIzArXAbS7A-00264-00060979-00061402 is available in canary today so this is
PIzArXAbS7A-00265-00061403-00061576 just a highlight of the work that we're
PIzArXAbS7A-00266-00061577-00061885 doing to make the web more instant we'd
PIzArXAbS7A-00267-00061886-00062026 also like to preview a couple of
PIzArXAbS7A-00268-00062027-00062154 longer-term efforts that we have
PIzArXAbS7A-00269-00062155-00062386 underway that have the potential to take
PIzArXAbS7A-00270-00062387-00062524 the web much further in this direction
PIzArXAbS7A-00271-00062525-00062794 and to talk about one of them I'd like
PIzArXAbS7A-00272-00062795-00062998 to invite barb onto the stage please
PIzArXAbS7A-00273-00062999-00063760 welcome barb
PIzArXAbS7A-00274-00063761-00064168 Thank You Ben hi I'm barb Paul sir I
PIzArXAbS7A-00275-00064169-00064409 work on the chrome and web partnerships
PIzArXAbS7A-00276-00064410-00064624 team helping partners test new web
PIzArXAbS7A-00277-00064625-00064853 capabilities and one of the things that
PIzArXAbS7A-00278-00064854-00065056 we've been working on is a new page
PIzArXAbS7A-00279-00065057-00065423 transition experience today
PIzArXAbS7A-00280-00065424-00065660 as we click through links we feel the
PIzArXAbS7A-00281-00065661-00065867 transition of leaving one site and
PIzArXAbS7A-00282-00065868-00066140 moving to the next and when an iframe
PIzArXAbS7A-00283-00066141-00066406 loads it's a window to another site but
PIzArXAbS7A-00284-00066407-00066619 you can't go through that window to the
PIzArXAbS7A-00285-00066620-00067048 other site portals make that possible
PIzArXAbS7A-00286-00067049-00067288 portals are like iframes
PIzArXAbS7A-00287-00067289-00067567 that you can navigate to when a user
PIzArXAbS7A-00288-00067568-00067997 opens a portal the portal becomes the
PIzArXAbS7A-00289-00067998-00068350 top-level page with Associated api's to
PIzArXAbS7A-00290-00068351-00068549 support free prefetching enhanced
PIzArXAbS7A-00291-00068550-00068782 transitions and the exchange of
PIzArXAbS7A-00292-00068783-00069017 contextual information portals enable
PIzArXAbS7A-00293-00069018-00069418 fluid composed journeys within or across
PIzArXAbS7A-00294-00069419-00069791 sites so portals are very new and we
PIzArXAbS7A-00295-00069792-00070030 have a demo to show you why we are so
PIzArXAbS7A-00296-00070031-00070399 excited about their potential so we'll
PIzArXAbS7A-00297-00070400-00070651 start at this imaginary meal planning
PIzArXAbS7A-00298-00070652-00070900 site which aggregates recipes from other
PIzArXAbS7A-00299-00070901-00071354 sites now the first thing that catches
PIzArXAbS7A-00300-00071355-00071636 my eye is this avocado toast naturally
PIzArXAbS7A-00301-00071637-00071842 we're in the Bay Area but I'm looking
PIzArXAbS7A-00302-00071843-00072116 for a dinner recipe so I will save this
PIzArXAbS7A-00303-00072117-00072444 one to the imaginary social site nom nom
PIzArXAbS7A-00304-00072445-00072809 when I click the share button the share
PIzArXAbS7A-00305-00072810-00073049 card will open in a portal
PIzArXAbS7A-00306-00073050-00073432 I'm now on nom noms domain but the meal
PIzArXAbS7A-00307-00073433-00073624 plan site appears to persist in the
PIzArXAbS7A-00308-00073625-00073894 background this is thanks to the adopt
PIzArXAbS7A-00309-00073895-00074111 predecessor function in portals which
PIzArXAbS7A-00310-00074112-00074374 allows the origin page to share context
PIzArXAbS7A-00311-00074375-00074786 with the destination page so I'll save
PIzArXAbS7A-00312-00074787-00075025 this recipe which will close the portal
PIzArXAbS7A-00313-00075026-00075386 so that I can keep browsing normally
PIzArXAbS7A-00314-00075387-00075599 each of the recipes on this page might
PIzArXAbS7A-00315-00075600-00075935 link directly to a destination site but
PIzArXAbS7A-00316-00075936-00076267 here they're all embedded portals which
PIzArXAbS7A-00317-00076268-00076535 with the help of prefetching can empower
PIzArXAbS7A-00318-00076536-00076671 developers
PIzArXAbS7A-00319-00076672-00077001 to build cool things like the speaking
PIzArXAbS7A-00320-00077002-00077283 experience where I can preview a page on
PIzArXAbS7A-00321-00077284-00077511 another site while I'm still on the meal
PIzArXAbS7A-00322-00077512-00077835 plan site and when I finally find a
PIzArXAbS7A-00323-00077836-00078099 recipe that I want and click through to
PIzArXAbS7A-00324-00078100-00078567 get my ham and spinach Sammy this portal
PIzArXAbS7A-00325-00078568-00078753 transition is so smooth you don't feel
PIzArXAbS7A-00326-00078754-00079293 it but here we are on another site so
PIzArXAbS7A-00327-00079294-00079491 this recipe looks great I'd like to buy
PIzArXAbS7A-00328-00079492-00079809 the ingredients this recipe site is now
PIzArXAbS7A-00329-00079810-00080211 ready to hand off my shopping list by
PIzArXAbS7A-00330-00080212-00080565 zipping through another portal to a
PIzArXAbS7A-00331-00080566-00080835 grocery site where I can check out now
PIzArXAbS7A-00332-00080836-00081015 the shopping list handoff was
PIzArXAbS7A-00333-00081016-00081186 accomplished by another function called
PIzArXAbS7A-00334-00081187-00081414 portal activate options which sends
PIzArXAbS7A-00335-00081415-00081669 information from the origin page to the
PIzArXAbS7A-00336-00081670-00081906 destination page this animation could
PIzArXAbS7A-00337-00081907-00082128 also be a nice distraction if you're
PIzArXAbS7A-00338-00082129-00082284 waiting for the destination page to
PIzArXAbS7A-00339-00082285-00082617 render so at the end of this journey we
PIzArXAbS7A-00340-00082618-00082884 have used for creative portal
PIzArXAbS7A-00341-00082885-00083241 transitions across four sites in one
PIzArXAbS7A-00342-00083242-00083817 composed instant experience now portals
PIzArXAbS7A-00343-00083818-00084060 also have a very strong single site use
PIzArXAbS7A-00344-00084061-00084372 case enabling the smooth transitions of
PIzArXAbS7A-00345-00084373-00084612 a single page app without having to
PIzArXAbS7A-00346-00084613-00084908 reaaargh attacked a multi-page website
PIzArXAbS7A-00347-00084909-00085314 so here we've built if I can go back and
PIzArXAbS7A-00348-00085315-00085914 show that video so I mean go forward
PIzArXAbS7A-00349-00085915-00086273 back to there we go so I hope we can see
PIzArXAbS7A-00350-00086274-00086730 the animation there we go so here we
PIzArXAbS7A-00351-00086731-00086913 built a demo for head Tina and young
PIzArXAbS7A-00352-00086914-00087102 jump web comics the Japanese manga
PIzArXAbS7A-00353-00087103-00087315 brands showing these s.p.a like
PIzArXAbS7A-00354-00087316-00087753 transitions on their multi-page site so
PIzArXAbS7A-00355-00087754-00087990 we have just launched the portals API as
PIzArXAbS7A-00356-00087991-00088230 an experimental feature behind a flag in
PIzArXAbS7A-00357-00088231-00088455 Canary and we're really eager for
PIzArXAbS7A-00358-00088456-00088638 developer commute the developer
PIzArXAbS7A-00359-00088639-00088832 community to uncover new use cases for
PIzArXAbS7A-00360-00088833-00089013 portals and also share your feedback
PIzArXAbS7A-00361-00089014-00089274 with us so now I will hand it back to
PIzArXAbS7A-00362-00089275-00089559 Ben for another part of the instant web
PIzArXAbS7A-00363-00089560-00089662 vision
PIzArXAbS7A-00364-00089663-00090416 thanks Bob thanks barb
PIzArXAbS7A-00365-00090417-00090611 so we've got one more standard we want
PIzArXAbS7A-00366-00090612-00090755 to talk to you about this one's called
PIzArXAbS7A-00367-00090756-00091109 web packaging so with packaging the
PIzArXAbS7A-00368-00091110-00091409 model for loading web pages changes from
PIzArXAbS7A-00369-00091410-00091598 today's model which we all understand
PIzArXAbS7A-00370-00091599-00091787 where the browser requests a page from
PIzArXAbS7A-00371-00091788-00092099 an origin server to a new model where
PIzArXAbS7A-00372-00092100-00092342 developers create a signed package that
PIzArXAbS7A-00373-00092343-00092597 contains the page and the browser can
PIzArXAbS7A-00374-00092598-00092837 load it from anywhere even potentially
PIzArXAbS7A-00375-00092838-00093119 other peer devices and this can enable
PIzArXAbS7A-00376-00093120-00093419 privacy safe pre loading models because
PIzArXAbS7A-00377-00093420-00093623 the data to fetch the package doesn't go
PIzArXAbS7A-00378-00093624-00093872 back to the origin server and it gives
PIzArXAbS7A-00379-00093873-00094097 the browser tremendous flexibility to
PIzArXAbS7A-00380-00094098-00094511 preload pages more of the time the first
PIzArXAbS7A-00381-00094512-00094772 phase of web packaging signed exchanges
PIzArXAbS7A-00382-00094773-00095158 is available in Chrome Canary today and
PIzArXAbS7A-00383-00095159-00095468 we believe when you look at the emerging
PIzArXAbS7A-00384-00095469-00095672 web packaging and portal standards they
PIzArXAbS7A-00385-00095673-00095951 have potential over time to enable a
PIzArXAbS7A-00386-00095952-00096320 more seamless instant web with packaging
PIzArXAbS7A-00387-00096321-00096530 enabling privacy safe pre loading and
PIzArXAbS7A-00388-00096531-00096815 portals enabling seamless transitions
PIzArXAbS7A-00389-00096816-00097247 and we'd love your feedback on both okay
PIzArXAbS7A-00390-00097248-00097439 now we'd like to shift gears and talk
PIzArXAbS7A-00391-00097440-00097658 about some of what we're doing to make
PIzArXAbS7A-00392-00097659-00097964 the web more powerful that's right fast
PIzArXAbS7A-00393-00097965-00098129 instant load in is a really exciting
PIzArXAbS7A-00394-00098130-00098378 vision and magical when it works but
PIzArXAbS7A-00395-00098379-00098513 it's only the beginning of the story
PIzArXAbS7A-00396-00098514-00098735 what really matters is what the user can
PIzArXAbS7A-00397-00098736-00099203 do once the website is loaded new
PIzArXAbS7A-00398-00099204-00099377 capabilities for the web or regularly
PIzArXAbS7A-00399-00099378-00099566 becoming available and over the past
PIzArXAbS7A-00400-00099567-00099746 year we've continued our efforts to
PIzArXAbS7A-00401-00099747-00099932 expand what's possible on the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00402-00099933-00100187 rolling our API is that bring powerful
PIzArXAbS7A-00403-00100188-00100463 capabilities to you so you know when I
PIzArXAbS7A-00404-00100464-00100628 think about cool websites I normally
PIzArXAbS7A-00405-00100629-00100802 think about movie websites so maybe we
PIzArXAbS7A-00406-00100803-00100964 should see someone using the real power
PIzArXAbS7A-00407-00100965-00101156 of the web some big motion picture from
PIzArXAbS7A-00408-00101157-00101288 this year to see how they really the
PIzArXAbS7A-00409-00101289-00101489 merchandise moving yeah let's take a
PIzArXAbS7A-00410-00101490-00101771 look at one oh I meant Avengers
PIzArXAbS7A-00411-00101772-00102112 I meant may not be what we had in mind
PIzArXAbS7A-00412-00102113-00102355 actually this is the Captain Marvel
PIzArXAbS7A-00413-00102356-00102628 website it kind of fits the 30th
PIzArXAbS7A-00414-00102629-00102768 anniversary theme you've got a nice MIDI
PIzArXAbS7A-00415-00102769-00102969 file playing it's very retro very like
PIzArXAbS7A-00416-00102970-00103182 retro and I loved how quirky and fun the
PIzArXAbS7A-00417-00103183-00103471 web can be well played marvel but
PIzArXAbS7A-00418-00103472-00103621 seriously what can you do with the new
PIzArXAbS7A-00419-00103622-00103843 platform capabilities to show us a real
PIzArXAbS7A-00420-00103844-00104030 example let's welcome Paul to the stage
PIzArXAbS7A-00421-00104031-00104839 please welcome Paul thanks apps hi
PIzArXAbS7A-00422-00104840-00105028 everyone I'm Paul Lewis I'm a software
PIzArXAbS7A-00423-00105029-00105241 engineer on the chrome team now we've
PIzArXAbS7A-00424-00105242-00105499 been thinking about the camera how
PIzArXAbS7A-00425-00105500-00105646 developers use it what that could mean
PIzArXAbS7A-00426-00105647-00105844 for the web because I think most of us
PIzArXAbS7A-00427-00105845-00105982 are used to the idea that you can get
PIzArXAbS7A-00428-00105983-00106225 links from a web page but what if you
PIzArXAbS7A-00429-00106226-00106444 could get links from objects in the real
PIzArXAbS7A-00430-00106445-00106639 world because many of them have QR codes
PIzArXAbS7A-00431-00106640-00107005 bar codes product logos images and that
PIzArXAbS7A-00432-00107006-00107302 kind of thing and it's the case that
PIzArXAbS7A-00433-00107303-00107436 when you're in say in a store and you're
PIzArXAbS7A-00434-00107438-00107614 looking at a product rather than thumb
PIzArXAbS7A-00435-00107615-00107770 typing if you could just hold the
PIzArXAbS7A-00436-00107771-00107950 product up to the camera and get some
PIzArXAbS7A-00437-00107951-00108135 information inside of the PWA that would
PIzArXAbS7A-00438-00108136-00108408 be really useful and it's that kind of
PIzArXAbS7A-00439-00108409-00108556 scenario we've had in mind as we've been
PIzArXAbS7A-00440-00108557-00108715 working on a thing that we call the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00441-00108716-00108871 perception toolkit which I'm going to
PIzArXAbS7A-00442-00108872-00109033 try and give you a demonstration of now
PIzArXAbS7A-00443-00109033-00109284 so if we could switch across to the
PIzArXAbS7A-00444-00109285-00109728 device marvelous
PIzArXAbS7A-00445-00109729-00110269 okay so what I have here is the i/o web
PIzArXAbS7A-00446-00110270-00110530 sandbox scanner PWA quite a mouthful I'm
PIzArXAbS7A-00447-00110531-00110740 sure you'll agree but what it lets me do
PIzArXAbS7A-00448-00110741-00110938 is it lets me scan items from our
PIzArXAbS7A-00449-00110939-00111244 sandbox out there I also have something
PIzArXAbS7A-00450-00111245-00111454 that I actually really like which is
PIzArXAbS7A-00451-00111455-00111960 this like 3d printed chrome Dino thing
PIzArXAbS7A-00452-00111961-00112228 it's amazing do I want this yes I do
PIzArXAbS7A-00453-00112229-00112720 right marvellous and it has a barcode so
PIzArXAbS7A-00454-00112721-00112801 what I'm gonna do is I'm gonna start
PIzArXAbS7A-00455-00112802-00113010 this up which is our scanner so this is
PIzArXAbS7A-00456-00113011-00113194 using the web perception toolkit first
PIzArXAbS7A-00457-00113195-00113419 thing it does is it starts up a camera
PIzArXAbS7A-00458-00113420-00113665 feed and a couple of detectors in the
PIzArXAbS7A-00459-00113666-00113859 background so what I'm gonna do is I'm
PIzArXAbS7A-00460-00113860-00114129 going to try and scan the barcode
PIzArXAbS7A-00461-00114130-00114378 with the lighting being as it is there
PIzArXAbS7A-00462-00114379-00114651 it is okay so it's detected the barcode
PIzArXAbS7A-00463-00114652-00114855 and you see is put this card on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00464-00114856-00115136 screen now that's not magic I've already
PIzArXAbS7A-00465-00115138-00115323 told the perception toolkit what I'm
PIzArXAbS7A-00466-00115324-00115566 looking for by putting some structured
PIzArXAbS7A-00467-00115567-00115821 data inside of the PWA I told it what
PIzArXAbS7A-00468-00115822-00115983 I'm looking for and what I wanted to put
PIzArXAbS7A-00469-00115983-00116223 in the card when that's found so I've
PIzArXAbS7A-00470-00116224-00116376 given it the image in the title and so
PIzArXAbS7A-00471-00116377-00116565 on and so forth this card that you're
PIzArXAbS7A-00472-00116566-00116759 saying is also part of the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00473-00116760-00117054 perception toolkit now in order to do
PIzArXAbS7A-00474-00117055-00117294 the scanning we use the shape detection
PIzArXAbS7A-00475-00117295-00117528 API which is a brand new web platform
PIzArXAbS7A-00476-00117529-00117795 API that lets you do QR code and a
PIzArXAbS7A-00477-00117796-00118010 barcode detection as well as face
PIzArXAbS7A-00478-00118011-00118233 detection and text detection if your
PIzArXAbS7A-00479-00118233-00118440 device supports it but it's a brand new
PIzArXAbS7A-00480-00118441-00118658 API so it might not be available
PIzArXAbS7A-00481-00118659-00118920 everywhere so in that case we also use
PIzArXAbS7A-00482-00118921-00119148 webassembly to provide the same QR code
PIzArXAbS7A-00483-00119149-00119346 and barcode scanning functionality so
PIzArXAbS7A-00484-00119347-00119592 we're maximizing support and performance
PIzArXAbS7A-00485-00119593-00119874 by doing it this way so from here I can
PIzArXAbS7A-00486-00119875-00120063 say go into the details of the thing
PIzArXAbS7A-00487-00120064-00120260 that I scanned and if this was a
PIzArXAbS7A-00488-00120261-00120405 shopping experience you could imagine I
PIzArXAbS7A-00489-00120406-00120672 could add to cart' and go on my way now
PIzArXAbS7A-00490-00120673-00120894 that's one thing but what we also wanted
PIzArXAbS7A-00491-00120895-00121107 to do was to be able to support images
PIzArXAbS7A-00492-00121108-00121368 so I'm gonna scan something else for you
PIzArXAbS7A-00493-00121369-00121551 so I'm going to go back out here I'm
PIzArXAbS7A-00494-00121552-00121848 gonna scan again now what I have here on
PIzArXAbS7A-00495-00121849-00122229 my i/o badge is the squoosh logo scrooge
PIzArXAbS7A-00496-00122230-00122427 is a PWA that we announced at chrome dev
PIzArXAbS7A-00497-00122428-00122649 summit last year I put the sticker on my
PIzArXAbS7A-00498-00122650-00122889 badge and I'm going to try and see if I
PIzArXAbS7A-00499-00122890-00123116 can get it to scan which it just did
PIzArXAbS7A-00500-00123117-00123408 that's pretty cool again it's the same
PIzArXAbS7A-00501-00123408-00123591 kind of structured data that's in the
PIzArXAbS7A-00502-00123592-00123816 PWA that's actually identifying this
PIzArXAbS7A-00503-00123817-00123906 logo for me
PIzArXAbS7A-00504-00123907-00124122 so from here not only can I view details
PIzArXAbS7A-00505-00124123-00124344 as I did before I can also launch it
PIzArXAbS7A-00506-00124345-00124641 because it's an app off we go to our PWA
PIzArXAbS7A-00507-00124642-00124815 and we're happy and we're on our way
PIzArXAbS7A-00508-00124816-00125268 right that's the end of the kind of
PIzArXAbS7A-00509-00125269-00125592 official demo a bit except well I want
PIzArXAbS7A-00510-00125593-00126015 to do bonus round what I want to do is
PIzArXAbS7A-00511-00126016-00126201 show you something a little bit extra
PIzArXAbS7A-00512-00126202-00126398 that I put in in the last couple of days
PIzArXAbS7A-00513-00126399-00126732 so you heard Bob talk about portals and
PIzArXAbS7A-00514-00126733-00127001 up until a couple of days ago
PIzArXAbS7A-00515-00127002-00127202 I hadn't had chance to play with it and
PIzArXAbS7A-00516-00127203-00127498 I thought I could add it to that PWA
PIzArXAbS7A-00517-00127499-00127793 well that'll be a great idea
PIzArXAbS7A-00518-00127794-00128075 if you're up for it I'll show it to you
PIzArXAbS7A-00519-00128076-00128554 so are you up for it yeah okay this is
PIzArXAbS7A-00520-00128555-00128801 what's known as a high-stakes maneuver
PIzArXAbS7A-00521-00128802-00128978 because I'm going to be loading Chrome
PIzArXAbS7A-00522-00128979-00129329 Canary with flags in a keynote in front
PIzArXAbS7A-00523-00129330-00129833 of a lot of people so if it goes badly
PIzArXAbS7A-00524-00129833-00130049 it never happened the official demo was
PIzArXAbS7A-00525-00130050-00130331 amazing in flawless if it goes well we
PIzArXAbS7A-00526-00130332-00130466 walk with Halloween cheer we high-five
PIzArXAbS7A-00527-00130467-00130595 we call this a good one does that sound
PIzArXAbS7A-00528-00130596-00131035 okay alright okay he goes so what I'm
PIzArXAbS7A-00529-00131036-00131210 gonna do is I'm going to go to Chrome
PIzArXAbS7A-00530-00131211-00131479 Canary same PWA that you saw before
PIzArXAbS7A-00531-00131480-00131936 start scanning here we go initializing
PIzArXAbS7A-00532-00131937-00132281 the detector and it detects it now watch
PIzArXAbS7A-00533-00132282-00132527 what happens when I tap the launch here
PIzArXAbS7A-00534-00132528-00132851 we go flips over I went to squeeze shut
PIzArXAbS7A-00535-00132852-00133499 up so if you don't have it you just get
PIzArXAbS7A-00536-00133500-00133601 the null experience if you do have
PIzArXAbS7A-00537-00133602-00133706 portals you get that wonderful
PIzArXAbS7A-00538-00133707-00134012 transition and with that I'll say wait
PIzArXAbS7A-00539-00134013-00134147 can we go back to the slides
PIzArXAbS7A-00540-00134148-00134537 yes also next marvelous so if you've
PIzArXAbS7A-00541-00134538-00134633 enjoyed that and you want more
PIzArXAbS7A-00542-00134634-00134813 information do check out the website
PIzArXAbS7A-00543-00134814-00135053 which is perception toolkit dev or come
PIzArXAbS7A-00544-00135054-00135191 and see is in the sandbox over the next
PIzArXAbS7A-00545-00135192-00135374 few days and we'll run you through all
PIzArXAbS7A-00546-00135375-00135506 the things that we've been working on
PIzArXAbS7A-00547-00135507-00136116 thank you very much thanks thank you for
PIzArXAbS7A-00548-00136117-00136445 okay so hope mentioned how they're able
PIzArXAbS7A-00549-00136446-00136526 use webassembly
PIzArXAbS7A-00550-00136527-00136760 to provide compatibility when some of
PIzArXAbS7A-00551-00136761-00136874 the API is they needed weren't available
PIzArXAbS7A-00552-00136875-00137075 I wanted to show you another example of
PIzArXAbS7A-00553-00137076-00137266 Google property that's been using
PIzArXAbS7A-00554-00137267-00137441 webassembly for a fantastic desktop
PIzArXAbS7A-00555-00137442-00137750 experience this is Google duo it uses
PIzArXAbS7A-00556-00137751-00138029 the modern web media stack for video
PIzArXAbS7A-00557-00138030-00138224 capture and streaming of course but it
PIzArXAbS7A-00558-00138225-00138440 uses web assembly to bring their native
PIzArXAbS7A-00559-00138441-00138719 library for Echo detection seamlessly to
PIzArXAbS7A-00560-00138720-00138968 the web and it can be installed and run
PIzArXAbS7A-00561-00138969-00139354 in its own top-level window with web
PIzArXAbS7A-00562-00139355-00139550 apps in a lot of momentum now on desktop
PIzArXAbS7A-00563-00139551-00139781 we wanted to improve the discovery flow
PIzArXAbS7A-00564-00139782-00139979 and make it easy for users to install
PIzArXAbS7A-00565-00139980-00140165 their favorite web apps right to their
PIzArXAbS7A-00566-00140166-00140382 desktop so starting in crow
PIzArXAbS7A-00567-00140383-00140613 seventy-six Chrome's going to be showing
PIzArXAbS7A-00568-00140614-00140835 an installation prompt right within the
PIzArXAbS7A-00569-00140836-00141156 omnibox for PWA s across all desktop
PIzArXAbS7A-00570-00141157-00141675 platforms as hulu shows here pwace on
PIzArXAbS7A-00571-00141676-00141900 desktop came to Chrome OS first late
PIzArXAbS7A-00572-00141901-00142119 last year to enable web apps that need
PIzArXAbS7A-00573-00142120-00142371 full window support and common desktop
PIzArXAbS7A-00574-00142372-00142650 app capabilities today we've extended
PIzArXAbS7A-00575-00142651-00142905 that support to Windows Mac and Linux
PIzArXAbS7A-00576-00142906-00143151 and we love how web apps fit right into
PIzArXAbS7A-00577-00143152-00143430 these desktop operating systems also
PIzArXAbS7A-00578-00143431-00143619 happy to share that slack is embracing
PIzArXAbS7A-00579-00143620-00143820 this new desktop installation model and
PIzArXAbS7A-00580-00143821-00144012 they're rolling out an offline enabled
PIzArXAbS7A-00581-00144013-00144177 web powered version of the desktop app
PIzArXAbS7A-00582-00144178-00144498 later this year and our own stadia
PIzArXAbS7A-00583-00144499-00144627 service while we're talking about
PIzArXAbS7A-00584-00144628-00144879 desktop was able to use new capabilities
PIzArXAbS7A-00585-00144880-00144993 that have recently come to the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00586-00144994-00145254 platform to use full access to the
PIzArXAbS7A-00587-00145255-00145497 keyboard and the mouse and to have low
PIzArXAbS7A-00588-00145498-00145674 latency controller support really
PIzArXAbS7A-00589-00145675-00145821 challenging our notions of what's
PIzArXAbS7A-00590-00145822-00146193 possible in a browser and we're still
PIzArXAbS7A-00591-00146194-00146373 making lots of integration improvements
PIzArXAbS7A-00592-00146374-00146637 on mobile too we launched trusty web
PIzArXAbS7A-00593-00146638-00146832 activities to give developers the best
PIzArXAbS7A-00594-00146833-00147108 way to put fullscreen web content into
PIzArXAbS7A-00595-00147109-00147420 an Android app io rooms which is India's
PIzArXAbS7A-00596-00147421-00147678 largest affordable hotels network use
PIzArXAbS7A-00597-00147679-00147888 trusted web activities to power a light
PIzArXAbS7A-00598-00147889-00148074 version of their experience which is a
PIzArXAbS7A-00599-00148075-00148257 common pattern that we seen with
PIzArXAbS7A-00600-00148258-00148503 partners in certain markets their web
PIzArXAbS7A-00601-00148504-00148653 team had already built a high quality
PIzArXAbS7A-00602-00148654-00149073 PWA they could then easily leverage and
PIzArXAbS7A-00603-00149074-00149277 we continue to bring core capabilities
PIzArXAbS7A-00604-00149278-00149595 to mobile here we see the Indian company
PIzArXAbS7A-00605-00149596-00149916 Myntra sharing products with their PWA
PIzArXAbS7A-00606-00149917-00150201 using androids native share sheet and
PIzArXAbS7A-00607-00150202-00150489 the Twitter PWA uses the web share
PIzArXAbS7A-00608-00150490-00150741 target API to tell the system that it
PIzArXAbS7A-00609-00150742-00151008 can accept the shared link the
PIzArXAbS7A-00610-00151009-00151173 unstacking about Twitter what I love
PIzArXAbS7A-00611-00151174-00151365 here is it shows an example of the full
PIzArXAbS7A-00612-00151366-00151584 progressive web app vision because from
PIzArXAbS7A-00613-00151585-00151815 a single codebase and experience they're
PIzArXAbS7A-00614-00151816-00151995 able to scale across the full spectrum
PIzArXAbS7A-00615-00151996-00152256 of devices going from feature phones all
PIzArXAbS7A-00616-00152257-00152448 the way to high powered desktop devices
PIzArXAbS7A-00617-00152449-00152631 it's the dream that is the dream my
PIzArXAbS7A-00618-00152632-00152877 friend and speaking of feature phones
PIzArXAbS7A-00619-00152878-00153045 we've noticed that a certain class of
PIzArXAbS7A-00620-00153046-00153210 web enabled feature phone are becoming
PIzArXAbS7A-00621-00153211-00153465 very popular in emerging markets and as
PIzArXAbS7A-00622-00153466-00153598 we saw this trend
PIzArXAbS7A-00623-00153599-00153760 we asked ourselves how far we could push
PIzArXAbS7A-00624-00153761-00153994 it and so we decided to try and create a
PIzArXAbS7A-00625-00153995-00154249 really rich game using the web that
PIzArXAbS7A-00626-00154250-00154399 would run really well on this form
PIzArXAbS7A-00627-00154400-00154671 factor as well as larger form factors
PIzArXAbS7A-00628-00154672-00154921 and with the whole 30 year anniversary
PIzArXAbS7A-00629-00154922-00155110 theme it was a good excuse to kind of
PIzArXAbS7A-00630-00155111-00155302 look back and I don't remember about you
PIzArXAbS7A-00631-00155303-00155461 but I wasted quite a few hours playing
PIzArXAbS7A-00632-00155462-00155695 minesweeper back in the day and so God
PIzArXAbS7A-00633-00155696-00155959 is thinking what would it do to me we've
PIzArXAbS7A-00634-00155960-00156169 got a fan in the back minesweeper it
PIzArXAbS7A-00635-00156170-00156277 teaches you how to yeah
PIzArXAbS7A-00636-00156278-00156550 what would a 20-19 version of a
PIzArXAbS7A-00637-00156551-00156850 minesweeper look like we call their
PIzArXAbS7A-00638-00156851-00156945 procs
PIzArXAbS7A-00639-00156946-00157204 so this game here for us to hit off
PIzArXAbS7A-00640-00157205-00157396 performance budget we wanted to use
PIzArXAbS7A-00641-00157397-00157588 libraries to be productive but also
PIzArXAbS7A-00642-00157589-00157903 small enough in science so this led us
PIzArXAbS7A-00643-00157904-00158194 to be using pre-act for our UI commlink
PIzArXAbS7A-00644-00158195-00158386 to help us use workers to do more off
PIzArXAbS7A-00645-00158387-00158629 the main thread and roll up to deliver
PIzArXAbS7A-00646-00158630-00158950 tight builds procs loads incredibly fast
PIzArXAbS7A-00647-00158951-00159244 as it only needs 18 K to be interactive
PIzArXAbS7A-00648-00159245-00159436 which is actually a lot smaller than the
PIzArXAbS7A-00649-00159437-00159649 original Windows game that is amazing
PIzArXAbS7A-00650-00159650-00160084 and it also supports the feature phones
PIzArXAbS7A-00651-00160085-00160387 that Ben was talking about earlier at
PIzArXAbS7A-00652-00160388-00160609 the same time we want visuals that you
PIzArXAbS7A-00653-00160610-00160786 can expect from a modern game that runs
PIzArXAbS7A-00654-00160787-00161026 at 60 frames a second and we want people
PIzArXAbS7A-00655-00161027-00161290 relying on assistive technologies to be
PIzArXAbS7A-00656-00161291-00161518 able to enjoy our game as well so we
PIzArXAbS7A-00657-00161519-00161883 made accessibility a first-class citizen
PIzArXAbS7A-00658-00161884-00162106 so did we succeed in building an
PIzArXAbS7A-00659-00162107-00162262 interactive game that works across all
PIzArXAbS7A-00660-00162263-00162457 devices you be the judge
PIzArXAbS7A-00661-00162458-00162739 go to proc Star app to play and you can
PIzArXAbS7A-00662-00162740-00162925 find all of the source code available on
PIzArXAbS7A-00663-00162926-00163162 github and then to see how this was
PIzArXAbS7A-00664-00163163-00163348 built join the team that made it during
PIzArXAbS7A-00665-00163349-00163675 their session on Thursday we're also
PIzArXAbS7A-00666-00163676-00163854 working to integrate the web with
PIzArXAbS7A-00667-00163855-00164050 assistance and to show some of what
PIzArXAbS7A-00668-00164051-00164302 we're doing I'd like to invite Dana to
PIzArXAbS7A-00669-00164303-00164449 the stage to tell us more
PIzArXAbS7A-00670-00164450-00165041 please welcome Dana
PIzArXAbS7A-00671-00165042-00165599 Thank You Ben hi my name is Dana Ritter
PIzArXAbS7A-00672-00165600-00165840 I'm the product manager behind the
PIzArXAbS7A-00673-00165841-00166023 technology that sundar introduced
PIzArXAbS7A-00674-00166024-00166404 earlier today duplex on the web duplex
PIzArXAbS7A-00675-00166405-00166599 on the web is the technology that helps
PIzArXAbS7A-00676-00166600-00166827 you get things done but it doesn't only
PIzArXAbS7A-00677-00166828-00166984 help you get things done it can also
PIzArXAbS7A-00678-00166985-00167172 help you get things done in your own
PIzArXAbS7A-00679-00167173-00167497 language this is extremely interesting
PIzArXAbS7A-00680-00167498-00167814 when we consider many many people coming
PIzArXAbS7A-00681-00167815-00168031 online that interact online and interact
PIzArXAbS7A-00682-00168032-00168249 in the Internet but not on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00683-00168250-00168519 predominant languages that are supported
PIzArXAbS7A-00684-00168520-00168697 consider for a moment there are
PIzArXAbS7A-00685-00168698-00169014 approximately 500,000 people speaking
PIzArXAbS7A-00686-00169015-00169365 Hindi that are online but not very well
PIzArXAbS7A-00687-00169366-00169659 serviced by a set of e-commerce sites
PIzArXAbS7A-00688-00169660-00169998 that are available to them I'd like to
PIzArXAbS7A-00689-00169999-00170361 show a demo from Xiaomi a leading
PIzArXAbS7A-00690-00170362-00170778 smartphone brand in India and on this
PIzArXAbS7A-00691-00170779-00170966 basis you'll see what we can provide
PIzArXAbS7A-00692-00170967-00171252 imagine for a moment I'm a Hindi speaker
PIzArXAbS7A-00693-00171253-00171660 in India ideally I would like to be able
PIzArXAbS7A-00694-00171661-00172089 to search browse and buy all in my own
PIzArXAbS7A-00695-00172090-00172359 language even if the underlying websites
PIzArXAbS7A-00696-00172360-00172621 in English so first search as you can
PIzArXAbS7A-00697-00172622-00172846 see we already support Hindi from
PIzArXAbS7A-00698-00172847-00173109 searching perspective now I can come
PIzArXAbS7A-00699-00173110-00173419 with Google shopping in India and I can
PIzArXAbS7A-00700-00173420-00173794 browse the Powerbank I want here we'll
PIzArXAbS7A-00701-00173795-00174048 choose a second one Google shopping will
PIzArXAbS7A-00702-00174049-00174358 provide for me details of that power
PIzArXAbS7A-00703-00174359-00174627 bank partially translated right now in
PIzArXAbS7A-00704-00174628-00174946 Hindi we're working as we speak on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00705-00174947-00175172 entire experience being translated and
PIzArXAbS7A-00706-00175173-00175519 to complete the cycle of buy that's
PIzArXAbS7A-00707-00175520-00175768 where duplex on the web steps in this
PIzArXAbS7A-00708-00175769-00176049 blue button here translated says fast
PIzArXAbS7A-00709-00176050-00176565 checkout once I click that duplex on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00710-00176566-00176932 web opens Chrome goes to the underline
PIzArXAbS7A-00711-00176933-00177285 web site from xiaoming it's in English
PIzArXAbS7A-00712-00177286-00177516 as you can see but duplex in the well
PIzArXAbS7A-00713-00177517-00177768 wet on the web will help me in Hindi I
PIzArXAbS7A-00714-00177769-00178033 can see all my information I can see the
PIzArXAbS7A-00715-00178034-00178333 product I'm interested in looks good
PIzArXAbS7A-00716-00178334-00178740 I'm gonna check out as you move forward
PIzArXAbS7A-00717-00178741-00179016 duplex on the web leverages Chrome the
PIzArXAbS7A-00718-00179017-00179245 information that's stored in addresses
PIzArXAbS7A-00719-00179246-00179545 and payment information to navigate all
PIzArXAbS7A-00720-00179546-00179908 the cumbersome forms of course we adhere
PIzArXAbS7A-00721-00179909-00180085 as well to all the privacy and security
PIzArXAbS7A-00722-00180086-00180375 concerns that are extremely important
PIzArXAbS7A-00723-00180376-00180547 from a chrome perspective as well as
PIzArXAbS7A-00724-00180548-00180840 from the website here I'll have to enter
PIzArXAbS7A-00725-00180841-00181112 my my security code for my credit card I
PIzArXAbS7A-00726-00181113-00181747 entered that information but I'd like to
PIzArXAbS7A-00727-00181748-00181972 see a summary of my purchase before I'm
PIzArXAbS7A-00728-00181973-00182073 done
PIzArXAbS7A-00729-00182074-00182337 duplex on the web navigates to the site
PIzArXAbS7A-00730-00182338-00182610 to show me my summary the summary of the
PIzArXAbS7A-00731-00182611-00182886 purchase tax total sends me notification
PIzArXAbS7A-00732-00182887-00183489 and my power bank is on the way this
PIzArXAbS7A-00733-00183490-00183772 technology were very excited to bring to
PIzArXAbS7A-00734-00183773-00184119 users partners and web developers
PIzArXAbS7A-00735-00184120-00184444 specifically for web developers you'll
PIzArXAbS7A-00736-00184445-00184677 be able to go to the search console to
PIzArXAbS7A-00737-00184678-00184921 see the status of your site as it
PIzArXAbS7A-00738-00184922-00185037 relates to duplex on the web the
PIzArXAbS7A-00739-00185038-00185274 relative health you'll also be able to
PIzArXAbS7A-00740-00185275-00185632 provide a test account for duplex on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00741-00185633-00185802 web to understand what your site looks
PIzArXAbS7A-00742-00185803-00186031 like beyond the what the login that
PIzArXAbS7A-00743-00186032-00186177 helps increase the quality of the
PIzArXAbS7A-00744-00186178-00186460 experience for your users and finally
PIzArXAbS7A-00745-00186461-00186714 we'd also offer additional control for
PIzArXAbS7A-00746-00186715-00186891 web developers for configuring the
PIzArXAbS7A-00747-00186892-00187125 robots.txt file to be able to restrict
PIzArXAbS7A-00748-00187126-00187248 different parts of the site if that's
PIzArXAbS7A-00749-00187249-00187536 something that you'd like to do as
PIzArXAbS7A-00750-00187537-00187773 sundar said earlier today we'll
PIzArXAbS7A-00751-00187774-00187984 carefully roll out this technology first
PIzArXAbS7A-00752-00187985-00188223 in the showtime space and rental cars
PIzArXAbS7A-00753-00188224-00188400 and that will be followed on by a
PIzArXAbS7A-00754-00188401-00188574 shopping experience much like you've
PIzArXAbS7A-00755-00188575-00188952 seen here thank you very much then back
PIzArXAbS7A-00756-00188953-00189321 [Applause]
PIzArXAbS7A-00757-00189322-00189658 Thank You Dana it's fantastic to see the
PIzArXAbS7A-00758-00189659-00189857 assistant open up parts of the web to
PIzArXAbS7A-00759-00189858-00189995 even more of the world with the
PIzArXAbS7A-00760-00189996-00190228 translation capabilities so we've talked
PIzArXAbS7A-00761-00190229-00190366 about a bunch of new capabilities that
PIzArXAbS7A-00762-00190367-00190699 the web now has and more capabilities
PIzArXAbS7A-00763-00190700-00190927 are coming there's a steady stream of
PIzArXAbS7A-00764-00190928-00191093 new capabilities in the pipeline these
PIzArXAbS7A-00765-00191094-00191323 are just as some of my favorites can't
PIzArXAbS7A-00766-00191324-00191471 wait to have native file system access
PIzArXAbS7A-00767-00191472-00191791 the ability to expand quota contacts
PIzArXAbS7A-00768-00191792-00191945 picker integration the ability for web
PIzArXAbS7A-00769-00191946-00192097 apps to integrate with mime types in the
PIzArXAbS7A-00770-00192098-00192409 OS SMS based authentication and more and
PIzArXAbS7A-00771-00192410-00192658 these are really gonna take the web even
PIzArXAbS7A-00772-00192659-00192814 further towards this vision we have of
PIzArXAbS7A-00773-00192815-00193111 linking everything together as we bring
PIzArXAbS7A-00774-00193112-00193279 these capabilities to the platform we
PIzArXAbS7A-00775-00193280-00193546 often compare it to a fugu fish because
PIzArXAbS7A-00776-00193547-00193729 fugu fish can be a really delicious
PIzArXAbS7A-00777-00193730-00194018 delicacy unless it's prepared wrong in
PIzArXAbS7A-00778-00194019-00194335 which case it kills you and so as we
PIzArXAbS7A-00779-00194336-00194572 thread the needle on the web between
PIzArXAbS7A-00780-00194573-00194986 power and safety we're very mindful of
PIzArXAbS7A-00781-00194987-00195259 the need to preserve what makes the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00782-00195260-00195496 greatest of all which is that it has
PIzArXAbS7A-00783-00195497-00195782 safety design first to keep users safe
PIzArXAbS7A-00784-00195783-00196031 as they navigate and explore all across
PIzArXAbS7A-00785-00196032-00196244 the world so this is a good opportunity
PIzArXAbS7A-00786-00196245-00196496 to transition to the last section of our
PIzArXAbS7A-00787-00196497-00196699 talk and share what else we're working
PIzArXAbS7A-00788-00196700-00196924 on to keep users safe of course this has
PIzArXAbS7A-00789-00196925-00197116 always been a big focus for us at chrome
PIzArXAbS7A-00790-00197117-00197347 when we first rolled out we had the auto
PIzArXAbS7A-00791-00197348-00197495 updating feature that was if you
PIzArXAbS7A-00792-00197496-00197623 remember controversial at the time
PIzArXAbS7A-00793-00197624-00197779 anyone remember how controversial that
PIzArXAbS7A-00794-00197780-00197993 was surely the minesweeper person can
PIzArXAbS7A-00795-00197994-00198112 give me a little bit of a hand it was a
PIzArXAbS7A-00796-00198113-00198309 really controversial feature we did it
PIzArXAbS7A-00797-00198310-00198484 because we wanted to make sure that
PIzArXAbS7A-00798-00198485-00198664 users always had the latest security
PIzArXAbS7A-00799-00198665-00198932 fixes we also have features like Safe
PIzArXAbS7A-00800-00198933-00198983 Browsing
PIzArXAbS7A-00801-00198984-00199408 to protect users against known bad sites
PIzArXAbS7A-00802-00199409-00199696 and then since lost i/o we wrote our
PIzArXAbS7A-00803-00199697-00199982 site rolled out site isolation a major
PIzArXAbS7A-00804-00199983-00200120 update to Chrome's multi-process
PIzArXAbS7A-00805-00200121-00200420 architecture Chrome's always put tabs in
PIzArXAbS7A-00806-00200421-00200602 its own process both for stability and
PIzArXAbS7A-00807-00200603-00200827 security but site isolation takes this
PIzArXAbS7A-00808-00200828-00201044 to the next level by isolating cross
PIzArXAbS7A-00809-00201045-00201259 domain content within a page as shown
PIzArXAbS7A-00810-00201260-00201513 here on this iframe into its own process
PIzArXAbS7A-00811-00201514-00201818 this aligns the OS process boundary with
PIzArXAbS7A-00812-00201819-00202147 the web security model we also wrote out
PIzArXAbS7A-00813-00202148-00202333 rolled out the latest phases in our
PIzArXAbS7A-00814-00202334-00202500 multi-year effort to move the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00815-00202501-00202806 - HTTP spider for flipping the UI model
PIzArXAbS7A-00816-00202807-00203145 around URLs - one where we assume HTTP
PIzArXAbS7A-00817-00203146-00203499 as the transport and warn the user when
PIzArXAbS7A-00818-00203500-00203769 it's HTTP and when they're at risk of
PIzArXAbS7A-00819-00203770-00204066 sending data in the clear over the past
PIzArXAbS7A-00820-00204067-00204324 three years we've seen HTTP page loads
PIzArXAbS7A-00821-00204325-00204714 on windows go from 42 to 82% which we
PIzArXAbS7A-00822-00204715-00204887 think is a significant security and
PIzArXAbS7A-00823-00204888-00205152 privacy win for users on the web and it
PIzArXAbS7A-00824-00205153-00205287 wouldn't be possible without the broad
PIzArXAbS7A-00825-00205288-00205476 community such as the let's encrypt
PIzArXAbS7A-00826-00205477-00205838 initiative so we've also been working to
PIzArXAbS7A-00827-00205839-00206087 address user feedback about tracking on
PIzArXAbS7A-00828-00206088-00206288 the web and as we do that we've been
PIzArXAbS7A-00829-00206289-00206498 focused on giving users transparency and
PIzArXAbS7A-00830-00206500-00206771 choice over how they're tracked on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00831-00206773-00207116 web through easy-to-use controls we want
PIzArXAbS7A-00832-00207117-00207351 this to be a powerful and very useful
PIzArXAbS7A-00833-00207352-00207569 feature and so we're working with users
PIzArXAbS7A-00834-00207571-00207812 to get this right and we'll preview user
PIzArXAbS7A-00835-00207813-00208104 facing features later this year today
PIzArXAbS7A-00836-00208105-00208412 we're sharing our plans around changes
PIzArXAbS7A-00837-00208413-00208698 to how cookies work in chrome to support
PIzArXAbS7A-00838-00208698-00208860 transparency and control features in
PIzArXAbS7A-00839-00208861-00209310 browsers let me explain so today when we
PIzArXAbS7A-00840-00209311-00209519 as developers set a cookie it's visible
PIzArXAbS7A-00841-00209521-00209894 by default in both first party and third
PIzArXAbS7A-00842-00209896-00210171 party context now this labels tracking
PIzArXAbS7A-00843-00210171-00210390 and it also leaves cookies that were
PIzArXAbS7A-00844-00210391-00210558 really intended for use only by the same
PIzArXAbS7A-00845-00210559-00210948 site exposed more broadly by default it
PIzArXAbS7A-00846-00210948-00211104 also means that browsers need to rely on
PIzArXAbS7A-00847-00211105-00211383 guesswork based on observing how cookies
PIzArXAbS7A-00848-00211384-00211614 are accessed to understand both the
PIzArXAbS7A-00849-00211615-00211839 intent of the developer and to provide
PIzArXAbS7A-00850-00211840-00212031 transparency to users as to what's
PIzArXAbS7A-00851-00212032-00212385 happening moving forward chrome will
PIzArXAbS7A-00852-00212386-00212607 make all cookies limited to first party
PIzArXAbS7A-00853-00212608-00212862 contexts by default and will require
PIzArXAbS7A-00854-00212863-00213111 developers to explicitly mark a cookie
PIzArXAbS7A-00855-00213112-00213392 as needing third party visibility which
PIzArXAbS7A-00856-00213394-00213542 creates a clear distinction between
PIzArXAbS7A-00857-00213542-00213846 first party and third party cookies and
PIzArXAbS7A-00858-00213846-00214287 enhances web safety as a developer to
PIzArXAbS7A-00859-00214288-00214494 make cookies third party visible you
PIzArXAbS7A-00860-00214494-00214646 just need to add a new setting called
PIzArXAbS7A-00861-00214648-00215103 same site none to the cookie later we
PIzArXAbS7A-00862-00215104-00215304 will also require that third-party
PIzArXAbS7A-00863-00215305-00215613 cookies only be served over HTTP
PIzArXAbS7A-00864-00215614-00215826 connections which further enhance
PIzArXAbS7A-00865-00215827-00216276 is web security both of these states are
PIzArXAbS7A-00866-00216277-00216501 available now for testing in Chrome
PIzArXAbS7A-00867-00216502-00216794 Canary behind flags and you can see web
PIzArXAbS7A-00868-00216796-00217137 dev for more technical details we'll
PIzArXAbS7A-00869-00217138-00217344 roll out these changes to users over the
PIzArXAbS7A-00870-00217344-00217523 coming months starting with the first
PIzArXAbS7A-00871-00217525-00217707 party cookie change I just described and
PIzArXAbS7A-00872-00217708-00217971 later with the HTTP requirement for
PIzArXAbS7A-00873-00217971-00218369 third party cookies some developers
PIzArXAbS7A-00874-00218371-00218631 attempt to track users with a technique
PIzArXAbS7A-00875-00218632-00218838 known as browser fingerprinting this
PIzArXAbS7A-00876-00218839-00219030 involves looking at things like HTTP
PIzArXAbS7A-00877-00219031-00219339 headers or invoking JavaScript API s to
PIzArXAbS7A-00878-00219340-00219609 build a profile of what makes the user's
PIzArXAbS7A-00879-00219610-00219864 browser unique and then you can use this
PIzArXAbS7A-00880-00219865-00220035 to create a type of signature that you
PIzArXAbS7A-00881-00220036-00220206 use to follow the user around as they
PIzArXAbS7A-00882-00220207-00220503 navigate the internet we see these
PIzArXAbS7A-00883-00220504-00220764 efforts as subverting user choices about
PIzArXAbS7A-00884-00220765-00221025 tracking and so chrome is announcing
PIzArXAbS7A-00885-00221026-00221166 that we will work to block a
PIzArXAbS7A-00886-00221167-00221342 fingerprinting and we'll share more
PIzArXAbS7A-00887-00221344-00221598 details in the coming months but we're
PIzArXAbS7A-00888-00221598-00221796 sharing this now to make clear our
PIzArXAbS7A-00889-00221796-00222240 commitment to user privacy as we make
PIzArXAbS7A-00890-00222241-00222444 these and other changes we're taking
PIzArXAbS7A-00891-00222444-00222675 care to preserve the health of the web
PIzArXAbS7A-00892-00222676-00223017 ecosystem but we're also clearly putting
PIzArXAbS7A-00893-00223017-00223359 users first and their choices we see
PIzArXAbS7A-00894-00223360-00223509 this as a journey that's similar in
PIzArXAbS7A-00895-00223510-00223662 scope to what Dion described earlier
PIzArXAbS7A-00896-00223663-00224028 with moving to HTTPS by default and will
PIzArXAbS7A-00897-00224029-00224229 work with the full web community to
PIzArXAbS7A-00898-00224230-00224427 refine our plans and we need your
PIzArXAbS7A-00899-00224428-00224714 feedback to make sure we get this right
PIzArXAbS7A-00900-00224715-00224964 so phishing is a major problem on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00901-00224965-00225132 web and we've been working with the
PIzArXAbS7A-00902-00225133-00225408 phyto Alliance and the w3c on a new web
PIzArXAbS7A-00903-00225409-00225861 standard to help the result is web or
PIzArXAbS7A-00904-00225862-00226073 thin which brings two-factor
PIzArXAbS7A-00905-00226075-00226298 authentication to the web and can enable
PIzArXAbS7A-00906-00226300-00226461 your web apps to take advantage of
PIzArXAbS7A-00907-00226462-00226694 modern devices with hardware tokens
PIzArXAbS7A-00908-00226696-00227013 built in a fantastic best practice we're
PIzArXAbS7A-00909-00227014-00227265 seeing is using biometric checks on the
PIzArXAbS7A-00910-00227266-00227498 device when users have previously signed
PIzArXAbS7A-00911-00227500-00227841 in in fact here at Google we're rolling
PIzArXAbS7A-00912-00227842-00228021 our support for web off end with
PIzArXAbS7A-00913-00228021-00228273 passwords google.com as a real
PIzArXAbS7A-00914-00228273-00228573 authentication model and this isn't just
PIzArXAbS7A-00915-00228573-00228735 about usability
PIzArXAbS7A-00916-00228736-00229011 our friends at Yahoo Japan shipped
PIzArXAbS7A-00917-00229012-00229254 fingerprint real and improved tide to
PIzArXAbS7A-00918-00229255-00229934 sign in by 37.5% okay so to wrap up
PIzArXAbS7A-00919-00229935-00230217 speed remains incredibly important and
PIzArXAbS7A-00920-00230217-00230415 take advantage of the platform
PIzArXAbS7A-00921-00230416-00230610 enhancements and tools that we've made
PIzArXAbS7A-00922-00230611-00230883 to move your site closer to an instant
PIzArXAbS7A-00923-00230884-00231092 experience and check out portals and
PIzArXAbS7A-00924-00231094-00231291 packaging and give us feedback because
PIzArXAbS7A-00925-00231292-00231473 we see these as having big potential to
PIzArXAbS7A-00926-00231475-00231815 redefine the future of an instant web
PIzArXAbS7A-00927-00231816-00231998 capabilities of the Weber expanding
PIzArXAbS7A-00928-00232000-00232161 faster than ever take advantage of the
PIzArXAbS7A-00929-00232162-00232332 new feature so that users can do more on
PIzArXAbS7A-00930-00232333-00232527 your site right in the browser and
PIzArXAbS7A-00931-00232528-00232752 easily re-engage afterwards
PIzArXAbS7A-00932-00232753-00232917 leading to higher conversions for your
PIzArXAbS7A-00933-00232917-00233277 business and prepare for the upcoming
PIzArXAbS7A-00934-00233278-00233421 privacy changes that are coming to
PIzArXAbS7A-00935-00233421-00233655 Chrome and consider integrating web
PIzArXAbS7A-00936-00233656-00234063 authentic so there's so much good stuff
PIzArXAbS7A-00937-00234064-00234258 coming we really want to help you keep
PIzArXAbS7A-00938-00234259-00234456 up with the latest features and best
PIzArXAbS7A-00939-00234457-00234711 practices for the web that's why we
PIzArXAbS7A-00940-00234712-00235029 created a new Sai web dev to help it's a
PIzArXAbS7A-00941-00235030-00235191 straightforward guide to teach you how
PIzArXAbS7A-00942-00235192-00235367 to build on the modern web with
PIzArXAbS7A-00943-00235369-00235503 interactive code labs
PIzArXAbS7A-00944-00235504-00235830 on the most important topics and with
PIzArXAbS7A-00945-00235831-00236058 lighthouse integrated we can help tailor
PIzArXAbS7A-00946-00236059-00236280 the guidance based on your websites and
PIzArXAbS7A-00947-00236281-00236712 help monitor your progress including how
PIzArXAbS7A-00948-00236713-00236907 to optimize popular web frameworks like
PIzArXAbS7A-00949-00236908-00237261 react CMS is like WordPress all for top
PIzArXAbS7A-00950-00237262-00237564 performance web dev is here to help you
PIzArXAbS7A-00951-00237565-00237864 build the instant powerful safe web that
PIzArXAbS7A-00952-00237865-00238067 we hope to browse together
PIzArXAbS7A-00953-00238067-00238362 you're also all invited to join us in
PIzArXAbS7A-00954-00238363-00238584 six months at the chrome dev summit in
PIzArXAbS7A-00955-00238585-00238782 San Francisco where we'll share more
PIzArXAbS7A-00956-00238783-00238953 progress on these themes and I think
PIzArXAbS7A-00957-00238954-00239136 we'll bring some avocado toast from I
PIzArXAbS7A-00958-00239137-00239256 wonder if you're gonna go for that line
PIzArXAbS7A-00959-00239257-00239331 cool
PIzArXAbS7A-00960-00239332-00239484 hey have a great i/o and thanks for
PIzArXAbS7A-00961-00239485-00239675 joining us this afternoon take care
PIzArXAbS7A-00962-00239676-00239983 [Applause]
PIzArXAbS7A-00963-00239984-00242001 [Music]
PILZXU9xjOo-00000-00000400-00000740 well at the time we felt franchising was
PILZXU9xjOo-00001-00000741-00001075 a perfect compromise we've done the
PILZXU9xjOo-00002-00001076-00001277 corporate environment and we also had
PILZXU9xjOo-00003-00001278-00001457 done the other extreme which was a
PILZXU9xjOo-00004-00001458-00001684 startup company where we had zero help
PILZXU9xjOo-00005-00001685-00001859 it allowed us to the the freedom and
PILZXU9xjOo-00006-00001860-00002087 flexibility to do our own thing but also
PILZXU9xjOo-00007-00002088-00002401 provided structure and processes that
PILZXU9xjOo-00008-00002402-00002687 that could really help us be successful
PILZXU9xjOo-00009-00002688-00002924 and also take some of the burden off
PILZXU9xjOo-00010-00002925-00003274 being a an entrepreneur with you know on
PILZXU9xjOo-00011-00003275-00003331 your own
PILZXU9xjOo-00012-00003332-00003554 I like the franchise system you know
PILZXU9xjOo-00013-00003554-00003913 someone else is doing all the global
PILZXU9xjOo-00014-00003914-00004211 research about you know what you know
PILZXU9xjOo-00015-00004212-00004431 what you should be doing for operations
PILZXU9xjOo-00016-00004432-00004784 marketing how much inventory you should
PILZXU9xjOo-00017-00004785-00004981 have it would be very difficult I think
PILZXU9xjOo-00018-00004982-00005177 to operate the same kind of store that I
PILZXU9xjOo-00019-00005178-00005438 have on my own without the support of a
PILZXU9xjOo-00020-00005439-00005642 you know a really good franchisor
PILZXU9xjOo-00021-00005643-00006041 because it's a franchise we've that that
PILZXU9xjOo-00022-00006042-00006193 helped us make our decision because of
PILZXU9xjOo-00023-00006194-00006478 the opportunity to have more stores and
PILZXU9xjOo-00024-00006479-00006814 once we figured out the system it's it's
PILZXU9xjOo-00025-00006815-00006959 like making a pizza once you figure out
PILZXU9xjOo-00026-00006959-00007133 how to make one great pizza then you
PILZXU9xjOo-00027-00007134-00007355 want to you want to make a hundred of
PILZXU9xjOo-00028-00007356-00007502 them the ease of another job is you're
PILZXU9xjOo-00029-00007503-00007639 working nine to five you go home and you
PILZXU9xjOo-00030-00007640-00007913 forget about it the the ease or the joy
PILZXU9xjOo-00031-00007914-00008069 of a franchisee owning your own
PILZXU9xjOo-00032-00008070-00008207 franchise since you get to see your
PILZXU9xjOo-00033-00008208-00008402 business build and it's been so exciting
PILZXU9xjOo-00034-00008403-00008596 all of these years to see our business
PILZXU9xjOo-00035-00008597-00008807 build being part of a franchise we've
PILZXU9xjOo-00036-00008808-00008981 got all the other owners that were able
PILZXU9xjOo-00037-00008982-00009188 to communicate with and to share ideas
PILZXU9xjOo-00038-00009189-00009473 and to build on ideas I might come up
PILZXU9xjOo-00039-00009474-00009610 with something that I want to do in my
PILZXU9xjOo-00040-00009611-00009739 store but I don't know how to implement
PILZXU9xjOo-00041-00009740-00009928 it so I'm on the phone with one of the
PILZXU9xjOo-00042-00009929-00010058 other owners saying to help me with this
PILZXU9xjOo-00043-00010059-00010199 or they're on the phone with me saying
PILZXU9xjOo-00044-00010200-00010430 help me with this if we're a mom-and-pop
PILZXU9xjOo-00045-00010431-00010639 shop independent we'd never get that
PILZXU9xjOo-00046-00010640-00010880 support through each other to start with
PILZXU9xjOo-00047-00010881-00011113 the reason these friend mark franchises
PILZXU9xjOo-00048-00011114-00011351 are making it is because majority of
PILZXU9xjOo-00049-00011352-00011596 people involved with them are doing a
PILZXU9xjOo-00050-00011597-00011842 good job and follow on the pattern so
PILZXU9xjOo-00051-00011843-00011974 that people could be comfortable going
PILZXU9xjOo-00052-00011975-00012035 to one
PILZXU9xjOo-00053-00012036-00012245 they're out and get the same kind of
PILZXU9xjOo-00054-00012246-00012431 similar results so it's one of the great
PILZXU9xjOo-00055-00012432-00012602 benefits of franchising you know and
PILZXU9xjOo-00056-00012603-00012824 since the majority of Plato's owners do
PILZXU9xjOo-00057-00012825-00013055 a good job and maintaining their stores
PILZXU9xjOo-00058-00013056-00013199 and then the image of the business
PILZXU9xjOo-00059-00013200-00013403 because you know we either make it or
PILZXU9xjOo-00060-00013404-00013588 break it together and franchising I
PILZXU9xjOo-00061-00013590-00013931 often wonder how a a locally owned
PILZXU9xjOo-00062-00013932-00014282 mom-and-pop store is able to do
PILZXU9xjOo-00063-00014283-00014501 everything that goes into creating a
PILZXU9xjOo-00064-00014502-00014684 great business without without the
PILZXU9xjOo-00065-00014685-00015058 support of a franchisor one day my dad
PILZXU9xjOo-00066-00015059-00015359 sat next to a franchise owner Plato's
PILZXU9xjOo-00067-00015360-00015731 Closet owner on a plane and got really
PILZXU9xjOo-00068-00015732-00015959 excited and called me and said what do
PILZXU9xjOo-00069-00015960-00016082 you think about Plato's Closet and I
PILZXU9xjOo-00070-00016083-00016288 said well I shop at the one near school
PILZXU9xjOo-00071-00016290-00016550 or when I when I was at college and he
PILZXU9xjOo-00072-00016551-00016682 said okay well what do you think about
PILZXU9xjOo-00073-00016683-00016901 opening your own store and I said that
PILZXU9xjOo-00074-00016902-00017123 sounds like an awesome idea what do I do
PILZXU9xjOo-00075-00017124-00017432 and he said oh you fly up to Minneapolis
PILZXU9xjOo-00076-00017433-00017708 and you interview with the training team
PILZXU9xjOo-00077-00017709-00017873 and see what you think
PILZXU9xjOo-00078-00017874-00018080 fell in love with everything to do with
PILZXU9xjOo-00079-00018081-00019333 the brand and the support and Edwin mark
PILZXU9xjOo-00080-00019334-00019540 you
PJsLXeE2p7E-00000-00000167-00001050 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00001-00001051-00001366 thank you
PJsLXeE2p7E-00002-00001367-00002429 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00003-00002430-00002558 baby
PJsLXeE2p7E-00004-00002559-00003010 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00005-00003011-00003299 giving me wind away
PJsLXeE2p7E-00006-00003300-00003622 some kind of butterfly
PJsLXeE2p7E-00007-00003623-00003789 baby
PJsLXeE2p7E-00009-00008168-00008428 to fly
PJsLXeE2p7E-00010-00008429-00008586 baby
PJsLXeE2p7E-00011-00008587-00010756 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00012-00010757-00011069 oh
PJsLXeE2p7E-00013-00011070-00011627 but I don't wanna miss you baby
PJsLXeE2p7E-00014-00011628-00012169 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00015-00012170-00014425 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00016-00014426-00014975 maybe you'll give me prices
PJsLXeE2p7E-00017-00014976-00015191 fly
PJsLXeE2p7E-00018-00015191-00015635 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00019-00015636-00015834 baby
PJsLXeE2p7E-00020-00015835-00015926 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00021-00015927-00015976 [Applause]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00022-00015977-00018022 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00023-00018023-00018179 foreign
PJsLXeE2p7E-00024-00018180-00020407 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00025-00020408-00020548 [Applause]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00026-00020549-00020957 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00027-00020958-00021176 oh
PJsLXeE2p7E-00028-00021177-00021533 [Music]
PJsLXeE2p7E-00029-00021534-00021898 foreign
PJsLXeE2p7E-00032-00029352-00029772 foreign
PJsLXeE2p7E-00033-00029773-00030079 [Music]
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00000-00000104-00000430 miro formerly named democracy player or
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00001-00000431-00000774 dtv is an audio video player and
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00002-00000775-00001007 internet television application
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00003-00001008-00001295 developed by the participatory culture
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00004-00001296-00001478 foundation
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00005-00001479-00001823 it runs on microsoft windows macos
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00006-00001823-00002134 freebsd and linux and supports most
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00007-00002135-00002447 known video file formats
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00008-00002448-00002758 it offers both audio and video some in
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00009-00002759-00003015 hd quality
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00010-00003016-00003351 the participatory culture foundation no
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00011-00003352-00003575 longer develops miro
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00012-00003576-00003927 the last version 6.0 was released in
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00013-00003928-00004222 2013 and is no longer functioning
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00014-00004223-00004454 correctly because of changes to the
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00015-00004455-00004799 youtube api miro is free software
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00016-00004800-00005006 released under the terms of the new
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00017-00005007-00005751 general public license
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00018-00005752-00005854 topic
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00019-00005855-00006302 features
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00020-00006303-00006614 miro can automatically download videos
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00021-00006615-00006831 from rss based
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00022-00006831-00006983 channels
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00023-00006984-00007214 manage them and play them the
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00024-00007215-00007463 application is designed to mesh with
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00025-00007464-00007767 other participatory culture foundation
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00026-00007768-00008142 pcf products such as video bomb a social
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00027-00008143-00008399 tagging video website and the channel
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00028-00008400-00008655 channel a tv guide for internet
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00029-00008656-00008871 television
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00030-00008872-00009214 miro integrates an rss news aggregator
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00031-00009215-00009510 and podcatcher a bittorrent client based
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00032-00009511-00009846 on lib torrent and a media player vlc
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00033-00009847-00010135 media player under windows quicktime
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00034-00010136-00010519 under makos and xine media player or g
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00035-00010520-00010927 streamer under linux and freebsd
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00036-00010928-00011287 since 2.0 miro supports the adding of
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00037-00011288-00011535 website bookmarks under the
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00038-00011536-00011670 sites
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00039-00011671-00012006 category by default clearbits.net is
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00040-00012007-00012383 pre-loaded in miro as a bookmark
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00041-00012384-00012678 examples of supported video files are
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00042-00012679-00013151 quicktime windows media video wmv mpeg
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00043-00013152-00013479 audio video interleave avi xvid as a
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00044-00013480-00013671 video player
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00045-00013672-00014030 it also supports rss bittorrent
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00046-00014031-00014279 when a new video is available the
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00047-00014280-00014551 program will notify and download if
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00048-00014552-00014735 possible
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00049-00014736-00015071 the miro video converter converts video
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00050-00015072-00015207 formats
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00051-00015208-00015543 it is based on ffmpeg with profiles for
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00052-00015544-00015958 the thera dot ogive mp4 and webm video
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00053-00015959-00016279 formats supported by various devices a
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00054-00016280-00016558 developer of miro wrote that the windows
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00055-00016559-00016791 installer installs proprietary
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00056-00016792-00017047 commercial software such as browser
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00057-00017048-00017375 add-ons also known as crapware stating
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00058-00017376-00017655 this is one of the primary ways we fund
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00059-00017656-00018422 continued miro development
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00060-00018423-00018943 topic history
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00061-00018944-00019235 the application was first launched in
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00062-00019236-00019591 2005 as democracy player sometimes
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00063-00019592-00019975 abbreviated as dtv and later on as miro
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00064-00019976-00020247 in 2007
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00065-00020248-00020511 video searching of web-based video
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00066-00020512-00020855 archives was included in 2007
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00067-00020856-00021158 with access to various archives changing
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00068-00021159-00021383 over time
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00069-00021384-00021655 miro is mostly written in python
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00070-00021656-00021911 although it links to various libraries
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00071-00021912-00022255 written in a variety of languages
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00072-00022256-00022535 versions through two x had an almost
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00073-00022536-00023007 entirely html css based ui
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00074-00023008-00023358 miro uses embedded webkit in a gtk
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00075-00023359-00023767 window on unix linux mozilla gecko xul
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00076-00023768-00023883 until
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00077-00023884-00024294 3.0.2 webkit in a coco window on macos
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00078-00024295-00024758 and mozilla in a xul window on windows
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00079-00024759-00025150 since version 3.0 the makos port uses
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00080-00025151-00025494 coco and others use gtk
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00081-00025495-00025783 the embedded web browser is used only
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00082-00025783-00026439 for web pages
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00083-00026439-00026999 topic reception
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00084-00027000-00027287 miro received a favorable review from
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00085-00027288-00027607 josh quitner who wrote i have seen the
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00086-00027608-00027839 future of television and it's an
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00087-00027839-00028174 application called mirror
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00088-00028175-00028558 in may 2011 seth rosenblatt of cnet
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00089-00028560-00028887 wrote providing one-stop shopping for
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00090-00028888-00029158 all your video and audio management
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00091-00029160-00029574 desires open source and cross-platform
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00092-00029575-00029846 deserves much of the praise that's been
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00093-00029847-00030070 heaped upon it
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00094-00030072-00030343 the soft tonic review gave the software
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00095-00030344-00030623 a score of nine tenths and described the
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00096-00030624-00030902 software as a perfect example of how
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00097-00030903-00031174 video content from different sources can
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00098-00031175-00031390 be integrated into one single
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00099-00031391-00031670 application and served directly to your
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00100-00031672-00032543 pc in a fast easy and elegant way
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00101-00032544-00033102 topic see also
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00102-00033103-00033327 broadcasting
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00103-00033328-00033551 peercasting
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00104-00033552-00033967 popcorn time a similar media player
PJNyUdvzZ5o-00105-00033968-00034372 open media network
PJRLV0yoOGI-00000-00001016-00001224 you
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00000-00000032-00000333 ji-yong dinar Jiang nan Chinese Jiang
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00001-00000334-00000606 nan pinyin ji Youngman will count ping
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00002-00000607-00000836 know a coup sometimes spelled keying nan
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00003-00000838-00000911 literally
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00004-00000913-00001209 south of the river is a geographic area
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00005-00001210-00001440 in China referring to lands immediately
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00006-00001441-00001617 to the south of the lower reaches of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00007-00001618-00001779 Yangtze River including the southern
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00008-00001780-00002046 part of its Delta the region encompasses
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00009-00002047-00002283 the city of Shanghai the southern part
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00010-00002284-00002493 of jong-soo province the southeastern
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00011-00002494-00002709 part of Anhui province the northern part
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00012-00002710-00002913 of yunxi province in the northern part
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00013-00002914-00003183 of Jiujiang province the most important
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00014-00003184-00003420 cities in the area are Shanghai on ching
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00015-00003421-00003572 chong jo hangjo
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00016-00003573-00003881 nan Jiang Ming bow Shao Shang su Jo
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00017-00003882-00004238 Russia when Joe and Jen chieh ji young
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00018-00004239-00004425 men has long been regarded as one of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00019-00004426-00004631 most prosperous regions in China due to
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00020-00004632-00004856 its wealth in natural resources and very
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00021-00004857-00005111 high human development people of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00022-00005112-00005321 region speak ji-yong and Mandarin and Wu
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00023-00005322-00005484 Chinese dialects as their native
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00024-00005485-00005922 languages
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00025-00005923-00006389 topic etymology
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00026-00006390-00006644 the word Jian is based on the Chinese
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00027-00006645-00006875 name for the Yangtze Zhang Zhang and man
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00028-00006876-00007166 meaning south in the 19th century
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00029-00007167-00007381 English speakers also called it keying
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00030-00007383-00007779 nan
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00031-00007780-00008214 topic history
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00032-00008215-00008470 the earliest archaeological evidences
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00033-00008471-00008616 were of the maggia bang and of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00034-00008617-00008887 hemudu cultures the later Lee Jung Joo
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00035-00008888-00009192 culture from around to 600 2000 BC
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00036-00009193-00009405 created complex and beautiful Jade
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00037-00009406-00009681 artifacts their economy was based on
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00038-00009682-00009916 rice cultivation fishing and constructed
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00039-00009917-00010139 houses on stilts over rivers or lakes
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00040-00010140-00010444 during the Jo dynasty the Wu and Bay AoE
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00041-00010445-00010641 peoples inhabited the area with heavy
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00042-00010642-00010876 aquaculture and stilt houses but became
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00043-00010877-00011083 increasingly cinah sized through contact
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00044-00011084-00011323 with northern Chinese States they
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00045-00011324-00011527 adopted the Chinese writing system and
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00046-00011528-00011778 created excellent bronze swords the Chu
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00047-00011779-00012013 state from the West in Hubei expanded
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00048-00012014-00012205 into this area and defeated the U state
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00049-00012206-00012477 after Chu was conquered by the Qin state
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00050-00012478-00012771 China was unified it was not until the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00051-00012772-00012978 fall of the Western Jin dynasty during
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00052-00012979-00013165 the early fourth century AD that
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00053-00013166-00013359 northern Chinese moved to ji-yong and in
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00054-00013360-00013608 significant numbers the Yellow River
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00055-00013609-00013788 Valley was becoming barren due to
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00056-00013790-00013993 flooding lack of trees after intensive
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00057-00013994-00014215 logging to create farmland and constant
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00058-00014216-00014403 harassment and invasion by the woohoo
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00059-00014404-00014697 nomads although Chinese civilization
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00060-00014697-00014883 originated in the North China Plain
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00061-00014884-00015108 around the Yellow River natural climate
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00062-00015109-00015312 change in continuous harassment from
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00063-00015313-00015531 nomadic enemies damaged north China's
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00064-00015532-00015730 agricultural productivity throughout the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00065-00015731-00016047 first millennium ad many people settled
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00066-00016048-00016225 in South China where the ji-yong an
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00067-00016226-00016425 area's warm and wet climate were ideal
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00068-00016426-00016618 for supporting agriculture and allowed
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00069-00016619-00016869 highly sophisticated cities to arise as
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00070-00016870-00017149 early as the eastern Han Dynasty circa
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00071-00017150-00017293 2nd century AD
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00072-00017294-00017505 ji-yong in areas became one of the more
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00073-00017506-00017703 economically prominent areas of China
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00074-00017704-00017974 other than rice ji-yong them produced
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00075-00017975-00018183 highly profitable trade products such as
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00076-00018184-00018433 tea silk and celadon porcelain from
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00077-00018434-00018730 Shang you convenient transportation the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00078-00018731-00018909 Grand Canal to the north the Yangtze
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00079-00018910-00019119 River to the west and seaports such as
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00080-00019120-00019342 yong-jo contributed greatly to local
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00081-00019343-00019533 trade and also trade between ancient
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00082-00019534-00019855 China and other nations several Chinese
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00083-00019856-00020112 dynasties were based in Jiangnan after
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00084-00020113-00020337 the Qin Dynasty fell the insurgent state
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00085-00020338-00020665 of Chu took control its ruler Zhang Yu
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00086-00020666-00020869 was born here during the Three Kingdoms
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00087-00020870-00021124 period John Y a present-day nan Jiang
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00088-00021125-00021399 was the capital of Eastern will in the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00089-00021400-00021601 3rd century many northern China
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00090-00021602-00021775 he's moved here after nomadic groups
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00091-00021776-00022000 controlled the north in the 10th century
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00092-00022001-00022246 whoo you a was a small coastal kingdom
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00093-00022247-00022462 founded by Gian Lu who made a lasting
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00094-00022463-00022657 cultural impact on Jian Minh and its
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00095-00022658-00022894 people to this day after the yurt
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00096-00022895-00023116 incompletely over ran northern China in
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00097-00023117-00023392 the Jin song war of the 1120s the exiled
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00098-00023393-00023611 Song Dynasty government retreated south
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00099-00023612-00023791 establishing the new southern song
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00100-00023792-00024241 capital at Hangzhou in 11:27 during the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00101-00024242-00024454 last years of the yuan dynasty G
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00102-00024455-00024610 Youngman was thought for by two major
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00103-00024611-00024877 rebel states Zhu um Zhang's Ming faction
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00104-00024878-00025057 based in Nanjing and the Sioux Joe
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00105-00025058-00025258 centered Wu faction led by Jiang Shi
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00106-00025259-00025543 Cheng a 10-year rivalry ended with Jews
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00107-00025544-00025855 capture of Suzhou in 1367 having thus
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00108-00025856-00026092 reunified jian zhu proclaimed himself
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00109-00026093-00026320 the first emperor of the Ming Dynasty on
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00110-00026320-00026536 Chinese New Year's Day the 20th of
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00111-00026537-00026818 January of 1368 and a few months later
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00112-00026819-00026995 expelled the Mongols from northern China
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00113-00026995-00027310 as well Nanjing remained the capital of
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00114-00027311-00027529 the Ming Dynasty until the early 15th
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00115-00027530-00027742 century when the 3rd Ming ruler the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00116-00027743-00027919 young go m / er moved the capital to
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00117-00027920-00028222 Beijing when the Ching dynasty first
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00118-00028223-00028480 took over China Jian ins Gentry offered
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00119-00028481-00028663 resistance in the form of denying the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00120-00028664-00028833 ability to deal with taxes to the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00121-00028835-00029014 government the Qianlong emperor of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00122-00029014-00029230 Qing Dynasty made many visits to G
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00123-00029231-00029500 Jungman Chinese gone along Shahjahan
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00124-00029501-00029745 pinyin Qianlong sha Zhi Youngman which
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00125-00029747-00029899 have been the popular subject of
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00126-00029900-00030097 numerous Chinese operas and television
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00127-00030098-00030367 dramas earlier the Kang Zi Emperor
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00128-00030368-00030645 visited the region as well during the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00129-00030647-00030864 19th century Taiping rebellion the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00130-00030866-00031054 regime established by the Taiping rebels
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00131-00031055-00031252 occupied much of ji youngin and
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00132-00031252-00031533 eventually made nan jinguk's capital the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00133-00031535-00031720 area suffered much damage as the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00134-00031720-00031924 rebellion was quelled in Qing imperial
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00135-00031925-00032197 rule restored after the fall of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00136-00032198-00032439 Ching dynasty in 1911 and Chiang
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00137-00032441-00032635 kai-shek's northern expedition the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00138-00032636-00032842 Republic of China ROC following the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00139-00032843-00033070 wishes of Sun yat-sen made nan Jing the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00140-00033071-00033340 national capital from the late 1920s
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00141-00033341-00033583 until the Second World War the ji-yong
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00142-00033584-00033769 nan area was the focus of Chinese
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00143-00033770-00034009 economic development much of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00144-00034010-00034201 Kuomintang ruling elite in the rocks
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00145-00034202-00034408 economic elite held from the G Youngman
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00146-00034409-00034715 area
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00147-00034716-00035285 topic geographical identity
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00148-00035286-00035547 dialect has also been used as a tool for
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00149-00035548-00035768 regional identity and politics in the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00150-00035769-00035937 ji-yong Bay and Ji Young in regions
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00151-00035938-00036171 while the city of young Jo was a
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00152-00036172-00036360 flourishing and prosperous center of
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00153-00036361-00036549 trade it was considered part of ji
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00154-00036550-00036702 youngin south of the river which was
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00155-00036703-00036815 known to be wealthy
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00156-00036816-00036968 even though young Jo was north of the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00157-00036969-00037242 Yangtze River once Jung wealth and
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00158-00037243-00037446 prosperity began to wane it was then
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00159-00037447-00037628 considered to be part of Ji Young beta
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00160-00037629-00037956 backwater after young Jo was removed
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00161-00037957-00038184 from G youngin its residents decided to
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00162-00038185-00038393 replace Jang ye Mandarin which was the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00163-00038394-00038574 dialect of young Jo with tae-hyun
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00164-00038575-00038874 dialects in G young in itself multiple
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00165-00038875-00039075 sub dialects of Wu fought for the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00166-00039076-00039606 position of prestige dialect
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00167-00039607-00039880 topic notable cities
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00168-00039881-00040081 you
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00169-00040082-00040357 hangzhou historic capital of the Song
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00170-00040358-00040530 Dynasty
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00171-00040531-00040791 nan Jane historical capital of China for
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00172-00040792-00041115 various periods in history nan Tong a
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00173-00041116-00041319 prefecture-level city in Jang su
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00174-00041320-00041688 Province China Ningbo a sub provincial
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00175-00041689-00041936 city in Northeast jaejoong province
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00176-00041937-00042171 shanghai one of the most important
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00177-00042172-00042425 financial and economic centres of China
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00178-00042426-00042717 su Jo famous for its canals and
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00179-00042718-00042912 beautiful architecture such as temples
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00180-00042913-00043245 and gardens when Jo a city in south
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00181-00043246-00043566 eastern Zhejiang province Russia near
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00182-00043567-00043806 SuJu famous for its beautiful sights of
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00183-00043807-00043962 the Thai lank one of five biggest
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00184-00043963-00044184 freshwater lakes in China and culture
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00185-00044185-00044451 the birthplace of Chinese national
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00186-00044452-00044870 industry
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00187-00044871-00045339 topic demographics
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00188-00045340-00045858 topic economy
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00189-00045859-00046130 historically ji-yong and exported silk
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00190-00046131-00046540 in green tea Chinese macro regions
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00191-00046541-00046912 Golden Triangle of the Yangtze Lingnan
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00192-00046913-00047233 Vic area Apostolic of keying man for the
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00193-00047234-00047552 missionary history Wu Chinese language
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00194-00047553-00047955 group we've speaking peoples who you a
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00195-00047956-00048621 woo you a culture Wu region
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00196-00048622-00049022 topic references
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00197-00049023-00049181 you
PKs1ZMXKpYU-00198-00049182-00049388 you
PLpFDjLFkn0-00000-00000024-00000318 where where are we i assume we're i
PLpFDjLFkn0-00001-00000319-00000495 assume we're still in are you here yeah
PLpFDjLFkn0-00002-00000496-00000638 i'm right here let me answer your
PLpFDjLFkn0-00003-00000639-00000935 questions if you're here show me a sign
PLpFDjLFkn0-00004-00000936-00001103 i i don't have a sign to show you does
PLpFDjLFkn0-00005-00001104-00001303 this count as a sign like
PLpFDjLFkn0-00006-00001304-00001839 cheers can i click something
PLpFDjLFkn0-00007-00001839-00002151 i'm not alone okay cool why on earth did
PLpFDjLFkn0-00008-00002152-00002455 you touch the bag i warned you about it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00009-00002456-00002599 look where that got us
PLpFDjLFkn0-00010-00002600-00002791 that got us
PLpFDjLFkn0-00011-00002792-00003095 somewhere yeah i don't know
PLpFDjLFkn0-00012-00003096-00003599 where i don't know either
PLpFDjLFkn0-00013-00003600-00003854 strange chapter two behind the scenes
PLpFDjLFkn0-00014-00003855-00004063 kind of television
PLpFDjLFkn0-00015-00004064-00004838 maybe we should not touch it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00016-00004839-00005038 you tell i'm drunk
PLpFDjLFkn0-00017-00005039-00005167 all right let's figure this out looks
PLpFDjLFkn0-00018-00005168-00005335 like the screen doesn't have a video
PLpFDjLFkn0-00019-00005336-00005495 signal
PLpFDjLFkn0-00020-00005496-00005831 ghost possession poltergeist
PLpFDjLFkn0-00021-00005832-00006199 kisses from the gear factory huh okay
PLpFDjLFkn0-00022-00006200-00006591 can i have that gear i guess i can't
PLpFDjLFkn0-00023-00006592-00006703 huh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00024-00006704-00007055 okay what's on this side
PLpFDjLFkn0-00025-00007056-00007263 what oh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00026-00007264-00007503 that's some sort of a code
PLpFDjLFkn0-00027-00007504-00007606 what
PLpFDjLFkn0-00028-00007608-00007863 you plugged in the video input
PLpFDjLFkn0-00029-00007864-00008055 i know you just couldn't help yourself
PLpFDjLFkn0-00030-00008056-00008199 could you no
PLpFDjLFkn0-00031-00008200-00008519 i i want to see what's up
PLpFDjLFkn0-00032-00008520-00008639 oh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00033-00008640-00009135 whoa that doesn't look very sturdy
PLpFDjLFkn0-00034-00009136-00009606 time to break some glass
PLpFDjLFkn0-00035-00009607-00009895 i guess it isn't
PLpFDjLFkn0-00036-00009896-00010278 stop user oh i got you now it is time to
PLpFDjLFkn0-00037-00010279-00010503 break some glass
PLpFDjLFkn0-00038-00010504-00010727 you see you're making things worse
PLpFDjLFkn0-00039-00010728-00011078 i i can see perfectly well
PLpFDjLFkn0-00040-00011079-00011319 i'ma touch all the cracks
PLpFDjLFkn0-00041-00011320-00011631 take that as you will
PLpFDjLFkn0-00042-00011632-00011878 broken bit oh [__]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00043-00011879-00012270 this is something i've seen before
PLpFDjLFkn0-00044-00012271-00012351 bae
PLpFDjLFkn0-00045-00012352-00012551 tell me you've broken another coffee cup
PLpFDjLFkn0-00046-00012552-00012687 watson
PLpFDjLFkn0-00047-00012688-00013187 watson
PLpFDjLFkn0-00048-00013188-00013511 [Music]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00049-00013512-00013703 is it me or is there an echo all of a
PLpFDjLFkn0-00050-00013704-00014543 sudden
PLpFDjLFkn0-00051-00014544-00014751 affirmative
PLpFDjLFkn0-00052-00014752-00014943 sherlock there was nothing human about
PLpFDjLFkn0-00053-00014944-00015094 that scream
PLpFDjLFkn0-00054-00015095-00015279 it seems to be coming from our dear
PLpFDjLFkn0-00055-00015280-00015519 neighbor wilhelm's home let's go take a
PLpFDjLFkn0-00056-00015519-00015775 look shall we go ahead man this is most
PLpFDjLFkn0-00057-00015776-00016038 exciting
PLpFDjLFkn0-00058-00016040-00016238 okay i see that hanging piece of glass
PLpFDjLFkn0-00059-00016240-00016494 right there that must be what i can
PLpFDjLFkn0-00060-00016495-00016607 swipe
PLpFDjLFkn0-00061-00016608-00016855 what on earth is going on i don't know
PLpFDjLFkn0-00062-00016856-00017127 man this look like interaction icons
PLpFDjLFkn0-00063-00017128-00017319 i think we're in a
PLpFDjLFkn0-00064-00017320-00017447 game
PLpFDjLFkn0-00065-00017448-00017655 oh goodness we can stay here yeah sure
PLpFDjLFkn0-00066-00017656-00017911 we can do the icons in the game work
PLpFDjLFkn0-00067-00017912-00018063 i don't know no
PLpFDjLFkn0-00068-00018064-00018343 no that can only mean one thing
PLpFDjLFkn0-00069-00018344-00018543 we are trapped in this world just like
PLpFDjLFkn0-00070-00018544-00018814 these fictional characters a world where
PLpFDjLFkn0-00071-00018815-00019079 it's impossible to tell what's real and
PLpFDjLFkn0-00072-00019080-00019279 what's an illusion
PLpFDjLFkn0-00073-00019280-00019486 user we've probably entered a different
PLpFDjLFkn0-00074-00019487-00019727 video game dimension do something
PLpFDjLFkn0-00075-00019728-00019999 anything it's what you do best
PLpFDjLFkn0-00076-00020000-00020214 i mean i just did something i got a
PLpFDjLFkn0-00077-00020215-00020422 piece of glass
PLpFDjLFkn0-00078-00020423-00020599 please um
PLpFDjLFkn0-00079-00020600-00020855 so if you remember like if you've been
PLpFDjLFkn0-00080-00020856-00021039 around you've probably seen my rocks
PLpFDjLFkn0-00081-00021040-00021255 reacts video where i must avoid running
PLpFDjLFkn0-00082-00021256-00021503 into those characters again at all costs
PLpFDjLFkn0-00083-00021504-00021686 shut the [__] up and let me talk to my
PLpFDjLFkn0-00084-00021687-00021983 viewers
PLpFDjLFkn0-00085-00021984-00022183 i saw bay playing this game and the
PLpFDjLFkn0-00086-00022184-00022583 thing that i remember was this scene
PLpFDjLFkn0-00087-00022584-00022807 he's got something in mind but i don't
PLpFDjLFkn0-00088-00022808-00022950 know what
PLpFDjLFkn0-00089-00022951-00023103 and i saw bay playing this and it was
PLpFDjLFkn0-00090-00023104-00023271 this specific scene the other one i saw
PLpFDjLFkn0-00091-00023272-00023558 was with the um [__] porn images of
PLpFDjLFkn0-00092-00023559-00023950 the motherboards with uh gura so
PLpFDjLFkn0-00093-00023951-00024127 are you still there
PLpFDjLFkn0-00094-00024128-00024335 yeah i'm still here are you parked all
PLpFDjLFkn0-00095-00024336-00024494 around the screen
PLpFDjLFkn0-00096-00024495-00024750 there may be a way out
PLpFDjLFkn0-00097-00024751-00024991 is it what have you done now
PLpFDjLFkn0-00098-00024992-00025175 did you take off one of the game's icons
PLpFDjLFkn0-00099-00025176-00025391 damn right the one with the bent corner
PLpFDjLFkn0-00100-00025392-00025614 yeah and just what do you plan to do
PLpFDjLFkn0-00101-00025616-00025806 with that fist punch you in the mouth so
PLpFDjLFkn0-00102-00025807-00026062 maybe you [__] shut up how about that
PLpFDjLFkn0-00103-00026063-00026414 or as bae would say i will fist
PLpFDjLFkn0-00104-00026416-00026646 what do you plan to do with that feast i
PLpFDjLFkn0-00105-00026647-00026831 will
PLpFDjLFkn0-00106-00026832-00026983 just
PLpFDjLFkn0-00107-00026983-00027151 gonna say that
PLpFDjLFkn0-00108-00027152-00027470 i will fish can i break this okay user
PLpFDjLFkn0-00109-00027472-00027695 don't touch anything else i'ma touch
PLpFDjLFkn0-00110-00027695-00027814 whatever the [__]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00111-00027816-00027983 yeah punch him in the mouth punch him in
PLpFDjLFkn0-00112-00027983-00028095 the mouth there's gotta be something
PLpFDjLFkn0-00113-00028095-00028567 else i can break with this
PLpFDjLFkn0-00114-00028568-00028790 oh [__]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00115-00028791-00029031 when i asked you to find a way out i was
PLpFDjLFkn0-00116-00029032-00029374 talking about this dimension
PLpFDjLFkn0-00117-00029375-00029543 but what's here there's something
PLpFDjLFkn0-00118-00029544-00029735 written on this strange hatch what does
PLpFDjLFkn0-00119-00029736-00029918 it say unfortunately it's too small to
PLpFDjLFkn0-00120-00029919-00030158 read well i gotta get their magnifying
PLpFDjLFkn0-00121-00030160-00030343 glass then okay
PLpFDjLFkn0-00122-00030344-00030639 can i swipe it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00123-00030639-00030846 i cannot there's something written on
PLpFDjLFkn0-00124-00030847-00031279 this show
PLpFDjLFkn0-00125-00031280-00031535 mr wilhelm open the door
PLpFDjLFkn0-00126-00031536-00031879 it's your neighbor sherlock holmes
PLpFDjLFkn0-00127-00031880-00032127 it will never work holmes
PLpFDjLFkn0-00128-00032127-00032358 what we need is a key
PLpFDjLFkn0-00129-00032360-00032623 a key to open a door
PLpFDjLFkn0-00130-00032624-00032839 you disappoint me my dear friend
PLpFDjLFkn0-00131-00032840-00032999 be more creative
PLpFDjLFkn0-00132-00033000-00033262 make more daring associations
PLpFDjLFkn0-00133-00033263-00033535 and think in four dimensions
PLpFDjLFkn0-00134-00033536-00033951 okay i mean like you're doing now
PLpFDjLFkn0-00135-00033952-00034271 can i knock on the door for them
PLpFDjLFkn0-00136-00034272-00034511 don't make a sound user you're the one
PLpFDjLFkn0-00137-00034512-00034790 who's talking not a sound
PLpFDjLFkn0-00138-00034791-00035118 okay i'll leave fine
PLpFDjLFkn0-00139-00035119-00035302 [__]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00140-00035303-00035567 aha
PLpFDjLFkn0-00141-00035568-00036030 what was that sound i made a sound [__]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00142-00036031-00036279 fall down the manhole
PLpFDjLFkn0-00143-00036280-00036455 oh he found a penny
PLpFDjLFkn0-00144-00036456-00036623 yeah it's your lucky day evening my
PLpFDjLFkn0-00145-00036624-00036855 friend
PLpFDjLFkn0-00146-00036856-00037174 yeah there you go
PLpFDjLFkn0-00147-00037175-00038071 so now we got a penny so that's
PLpFDjLFkn0-00148-00038072-00038415 okay so the penny another one
PLpFDjLFkn0-00149-00038416-00038655 another one finally be able to pay your
PLpFDjLFkn0-00150-00038656-00039055 share of the rent exactly
PLpFDjLFkn0-00151-00039056-00039671 can i use the penny for anything
PLpFDjLFkn0-00152-00039672-00040118 do i need to keep on going
PLpFDjLFkn0-00153-00040119-00040287 do i need to keep on going until this
PLpFDjLFkn0-00154-00040288-00040439 does something different there must be a
PLpFDjLFkn0-00155-00040440-00040639 leak i hope you're not speaking of
PLpFDjLFkn0-00156-00040640-00041327 yourself my dear friend
PLpFDjLFkn0-00157-00041328-00041839 leave that coin on the inventory paper
PLpFDjLFkn0-00158-00041840-00042007 i mean if you're telling me to do it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00159-00042008-00042199 then that means it's the wrong thing to
PLpFDjLFkn0-00160-00042200-00042455 do isn't it i'm getting a feeling of
PLpFDjLFkn0-00161-00042456-00042687 deja vu
PLpFDjLFkn0-00162-00042688-00042935 i'm gonna keep on going until like
PLpFDjLFkn0-00163-00042936-00043343 i need to figure it out
PLpFDjLFkn0-00164-00043344-00043655 wait a minute
PLpFDjLFkn0-00165-00043656-00043879 maybe i need to like
PLpFDjLFkn0-00166-00043880-00044174 before it goes on the thing maybe i need
PLpFDjLFkn0-00167-00044175-00044295 to cut it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00168-00044296-00044567 inventory paper
PLpFDjLFkn0-00169-00044568-00044846 yes
PLpFDjLFkn0-00170-00044847-00045030 now i got ready stop cheating for
PLpFDjLFkn0-00171-00045031-00045167 goodness sake
PLpFDjLFkn0-00172-00045168-00045423 holmes i have the impression that there
PLpFDjLFkn0-00173-00045424-00045662 is whispering going on around us
PLpFDjLFkn0-00174-00045663-00045911 what's gonna happen a sort of voice with
PLpFDjLFkn0-00175-00045912-00046167 a russian accent yeah do something i'm
PLpFDjLFkn0-00176-00046168-00046302 not
PLpFDjLFkn0-00177-00046303-00046495 there did you hear it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00178-00046496-00046671 the only thing i heard is the gentle
PLpFDjLFkn0-00179-00046672-00046846 rustling of the wind
PLpFDjLFkn0-00180-00046847-00047151 with a russian accent
PLpFDjLFkn0-00181-00047152-00047390 the wind got a russian accent
PLpFDjLFkn0-00182-00047391-00047671 all right so now we got the penny so we
PLpFDjLFkn0-00183-00047672-00048015 can probably use this
PLpFDjLFkn0-00184-00048016-00048295 as
PLpFDjLFkn0-00185-00048296-00048486 this
PLpFDjLFkn0-00186-00048487-00048743 you certainly have a thing for tinkerine
PLpFDjLFkn0-00187-00048744-00048999 yeah exactly i'm good at this [__] you
PLpFDjLFkn0-00188-00049000-00049262 know not a good idea user i don't care
PLpFDjLFkn0-00189-00049263-00049486 if it's
PLpFDjLFkn0-00190-00049487-00049758 where are the monitor circuits it looks
PLpFDjLFkn0-00191-00049759-00050007 like the set of the game but seen from
PLpFDjLFkn0-00192-00050008-00050615 the other side
PLpFDjLFkn0-00193-00050616-00051438 so i need some sort of a track here huh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00194-00051439-00051735 aha i know what you're going to do don't
PLpFDjLFkn0-00195-00051736-00052335 you dare go help them out
PLpFDjLFkn0-00196-00052336-00052679 you're already retaking
PLpFDjLFkn0-00197-00052679-00052911 aha my bartitsu techniques have gotten
PLpFDjLFkn0-00198-00052912-00053135 the better of this bartetsu
PLpFDjLFkn0-00199-00053136-00053623 come what let's go inside
PLpFDjLFkn0-00200-00053624-00053950 don't go with them
PLpFDjLFkn0-00201-00053951-00054582 or
PLpFDjLFkn0-00202-00054583-00054854 mr wilhelm are you there
PLpFDjLFkn0-00203-00054855-00055111 it's far too dark in here
PLpFDjLFkn0-00204-00055112-00055335 i can't be expected to walk around in
PLpFDjLFkn0-00205-00055336-00055550 the dark sherlock
PLpFDjLFkn0-00206-00055551-00055838 so try to find us some light watson
PLpFDjLFkn0-00207-00055839-00056230 i'll do it myself
PLpFDjLFkn0-00208-00056232-00056494 these characters are trapped in the dark
PLpFDjLFkn0-00209-00056495-00056679 we're lucky
PLpFDjLFkn0-00210-00056679-00056838 let's cross our fingers and hope that
PLpFDjLFkn0-00211-00056839-00057015 they can find the light
PLpFDjLFkn0-00212-00057016-00057215 okay so we need
PLpFDjLFkn0-00213-00057216-00057399 let's cross our fingers and hope that
PLpFDjLFkn0-00214-00057400-00057654 you can't find the light
PLpFDjLFkn0-00215-00057655-00058111 i'll do it myself [__]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00216-00058112-00058191 oh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00217-00058191-00058375 i need that gear
PLpFDjLFkn0-00218-00058376-00058535 i was worried you wouldn't move this
PLpFDjLFkn0-00219-00058536-00058694 moon
PLpFDjLFkn0-00220-00058695-00058879 thankfully there's no chance of that
PLpFDjLFkn0-00221-00058879-00059111 happening
PLpFDjLFkn0-00222-00059112-00059263 not as long as the device that's
PLpFDjLFkn0-00223-00059264-00059742 attached to this wire doesn't work
PLpFDjLFkn0-00224-00059744-00060015 i get the feeling that sometimes i
PLpFDjLFkn0-00225-00060016-00060199 should just keep are you trying to stick
PLpFDjLFkn0-00226-00060200-00060494 a stamp to that device first to stick
PLpFDjLFkn0-00227-00060495-00060671 your stamp to something you need to get
PLpFDjLFkn0-00228-00060672-00060799 it wet
PLpFDjLFkn0-00229-00060800-00061159 second it's a dumb idea
PLpFDjLFkn0-00230-00061160-00061654 thanks for giving me that hint my guy
PLpFDjLFkn0-00231-00061655-00062199 oh and let's stop doing that
PLpFDjLFkn0-00232-00062200-00062430 fixing your machine with a stamp this
PLpFDjLFkn0-00233-00062432-00062719 isn't gonna work this isn't gonna work i
PLpFDjLFkn0-00234-00062720-00062863 hope it's not gonna cut your light
PLpFDjLFkn0-00235-00062864-00063006 source
PLpFDjLFkn0-00236-00063007-00063399 this isn't gonna work
PLpFDjLFkn0-00237-00063400-00063575 it [__] works
PLpFDjLFkn0-00238-00063576-00063775 where's the fake wood going where is it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00239-00063776-00064023 going
PLpFDjLFkn0-00240-00064024-00064311 let's find out where it's going
PLpFDjLFkn0-00241-00064312-00064566 oh jesus
PLpFDjLFkn0-00242-00064567-00064766 well done watson we can finally see
PLpFDjLFkn0-00243-00064767-00064942 better
PLpFDjLFkn0-00244-00064944-00065223 uh i get the feeling that mr wilhelm is
PLpFDjLFkn0-00245-00065224-00065599 redecorating
PLpFDjLFkn0-00246-00065600-00065775 i don't recall him having a view of the
PLpFDjLFkn0-00247-00065776-00065903 moon
PLpFDjLFkn0-00248-00065904-00066126 this place scares the living daylights
PLpFDjLFkn0-00249-00066127-00066294 out of me
PLpFDjLFkn0-00250-00066295-00066438 um
PLpFDjLFkn0-00251-00066439-00066703 mr wilhelm are you dead
PLpFDjLFkn0-00252-00066704-00067006 are you dead he's floating
PLpFDjLFkn0-00253-00067007-00067215 watson what has he got in his face
PLpFDjLFkn0-00254-00067216-00067575 what's he got on his face
PLpFDjLFkn0-00255-00067576-00067823 it looks like some sort of relatively
PLpFDjLFkn0-00256-00067824-00068126 thick monochromatic parasite okay and
PLpFDjLFkn0-00257-00068127-00068455 it's serious
PLpFDjLFkn0-00258-00068456-00068615 he really just said
PLpFDjLFkn0-00259-00068616-00068838 i don't know medical profession
PLpFDjLFkn0-00260-00068839-00069079 let me take a closer look at it i for
PLpFDjLFkn0-00261-00069080-00069279 one would rather keep my distance from
PLpFDjLFkn0-00262-00069280-00069511 that thing
PLpFDjLFkn0-00263-00069512-00069638 okay
PLpFDjLFkn0-00264-00069639-00069903 can i can i have your magnifying glass
PLpFDjLFkn0-00265-00069904-00070263 please
PLpFDjLFkn0-00266-00070264-00070423 poor soul
PLpFDjLFkn0-00267-00070424-00070582 it looks painful
PLpFDjLFkn0-00268-00070583-00070806 did i just punch him in the face
PLpFDjLFkn0-00269-00070807-00071103 is it just me or did the red letter move
PLpFDjLFkn0-00270-00071104-00071687 what red letter
PLpFDjLFkn0-00271-00071688-00072150 i was innate i can't stand here
PLpFDjLFkn0-00272-00072151-00072382 finish him with your batitsu homes it's
PLpFDjLFkn0-00273-00072383-00072559 unbearable
PLpFDjLFkn0-00274-00072560-00072750 how dare you steal from mr wilhelm
PLpFDjLFkn0-00275-00072751-00073303 scream put that edge back
PLpFDjLFkn0-00276-00073304-00073591 with this letter h
PLpFDjLFkn0-00277-00073592-00073799 no more playing around we should go back
PLpFDjLFkn0-00278-00073800-00073975 to the room we started in
PLpFDjLFkn0-00279-00073976-00074215 we might be able to find our exit is
PLpFDjLFkn0-00280-00074216-00074343 there something that needed it you
PLpFDjLFkn0-00281-00074344-00074526 weren't thinking about moving that fake
PLpFDjLFkn0-00282-00074527-00074782 wall forget about it the marks on the
PLpFDjLFkn0-00283-00074783-00075047 ground show that
PLpFDjLFkn0-00284-00075048-00075191 did you just use a letter from
PLpFDjLFkn0-00285-00075192-00075447 anonymotopia to fix a rail
PLpFDjLFkn0-00286-00075448-00075638 but that doesn't make any sense it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00287-00075639-00075887 doesn't as well use i don't know a
PLpFDjLFkn0-00288-00075888-00076167 monkey to work a hydraulic pump
PLpFDjLFkn0-00289-00076168-00076294 he says you can't
PLpFDjLFkn0-00290-00076295-00076511 who says you can't but what really gets
PLpFDjLFkn0-00291-00076512-00076655 me is
PLpFDjLFkn0-00292-00076656-00077143 that it works
PLpFDjLFkn0-00293-00077144-00077359 easy money
PLpFDjLFkn0-00294-00077360-00077599 that just [__] dropped okay that's
PLpFDjLFkn0-00295-00077600-00077750 fine oh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00296-00077751-00077919 okay
PLpFDjLFkn0-00297-00077920-00078159 you just swiped their mining fine glass
PLpFDjLFkn0-00298-00078160-00078455 damn right fist wasn't enough for you
PLpFDjLFkn0-00299-00078456-00078959 i just hope they won't figure it out
PLpFDjLFkn0-00300-00078960-00079191 i [__] love that line
PLpFDjLFkn0-00301-00079192-00079375 uh i can't do the kettle laugh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00302-00079376-00079519 unfortunately
PLpFDjLFkn0-00303-00079520-00079782 the feast wasn't enough for you
PLpFDjLFkn0-00304-00079783-00081119 i just hope they
PLpFDjLFkn0-00305-00081120-00081479 yeah exactly i'll figure it out it's too
PLpFDjLFkn0-00306-00081480-00081631 smart to read
PLpFDjLFkn0-00307-00081632-00081967 developers only
PLpFDjLFkn0-00308-00081968-00082291 i guess i'm a developer now
PLpFDjLFkn0-00309-00082292-00082858 [Music]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00310-00082859-00084082 [Music]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00311-00084083-00084255 okay
PLpFDjLFkn0-00312-00084256-00084438 no i i know what i know what a coding
PLpFDjLFkn0-00313-00084439-00084615 dictionary is
PLpFDjLFkn0-00314-00084616-00085159 this section
PLpFDjLFkn0-00315-00085160-00085535 there's nothing else i can
PLpFDjLFkn0-00316-00085536-00085750 i told click i had my magnifying glass
PLpFDjLFkn0-00317-00085751-00085975 in my hand watson and you honestly
PLpFDjLFkn0-00318-00085976-00086191 disappeared do you want it there you go
PLpFDjLFkn0-00319-00086192-00086359 let's figure it out
PLpFDjLFkn0-00320-00086360-00086647 that voice it's the ghost holmes it's
PLpFDjLFkn0-00321-00086648-00086767 the ghost
PLpFDjLFkn0-00322-00086768-00087326 ghost the russian ghost i'm not russian
PLpFDjLFkn0-00323-00087327-00087511 mr wilhelm you never told us you were
PLpFDjLFkn0-00324-00087512-00087735 such a talented ventriloquist
PLpFDjLFkn0-00325-00087736-00088031 oh he's not the one speaking
PLpFDjLFkn0-00326-00088032-00088206 i am
PLpFDjLFkn0-00327-00088207-00088615 my name is game what i'm a computer
PLpFDjLFkn0-00328-00088616-00088982 programmer no i'm with a user no human
PLpFDjLFkn0-00329-00088983-00089167 and we are trying everything we can to
PLpFDjLFkn0-00330-00089168-00089311 get home
PLpFDjLFkn0-00331-00089312-00089711 do you know how we can exit your game
PLpFDjLFkn0-00332-00089712-00089913 game what game
PLpFDjLFkn0-00333-00089914-00090111 [Music]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00334-00090112-00090335 your game
PLpFDjLFkn0-00335-00090336-00090575 you are aware that the world you're in
PLpFDjLFkn0-00336-00090576-00090815 isn't real not you
PLpFDjLFkn0-00337-00090816-00091038 oh my god why would you do that why
PLpFDjLFkn0-00338-00091039-00091223 would you do that why you don't know
PLpFDjLFkn0-00339-00091224-00091406 that you're in a video game is that it
PLpFDjLFkn0-00340-00091407-00091623 oh my god you're a [__] look for my
PLpFDjLFkn0-00341-00091624-00091791 magnifying glass and continue listening
PLpFDjLFkn0-00342-00091792-00092038 to your mad jabbering mr wilhelm
PLpFDjLFkn0-00343-00092039-00092279 but he's not the one
PLpFDjLFkn0-00344-00092280-00092494 user i think we are going to need mr
PLpFDjLFkn0-00345-00092495-00092726 glitch's help if he brought us into this
PLpFDjLFkn0-00346-00092727-00092918 dimension he will probably be able to
PLpFDjLFkn0-00347-00092919-00093143 get us out of here okay it's a video
PLpFDjLFkn0-00348-00093144-00093318 game
PLpFDjLFkn0-00349-00093319-00093535 there's got to be a way to get it off
PLpFDjLFkn0-00350-00093536-00093631 maybe
PLpFDjLFkn0-00351-00093632-00093879 some kind of ritual
PLpFDjLFkn0-00352-00093880-00094038 unless of course you've got the number
PLpFDjLFkn0-00353-00094039-00094399 for the fire department
PLpFDjLFkn0-00354-00094400-00094703 oh for the fire department oh it's uh
PLpFDjLFkn0-00355-00094704-00094969 probably 555-2368
PLpFDjLFkn0-00356-00094970-00096487 [Music]
PLpFDjLFkn0-00357-00096488-00096695 you
PLB7tOJZzi8-00000-00000079-00000295 hello brief firth here and today i'm
PLB7tOJZzi8-00001-00000296-00000438 going to be showing you how to make a
PLB7tOJZzi8-00002-00000440-00000743 switch activated light up card featuring
PLB7tOJZzi8-00003-00000744-00000999 chibitronics light up components
PLB7tOJZzi8-00004-00001000-00001079 um
PLB7tOJZzi8-00005-00001080-00001311 you're going to need three main parts to
PLB7tOJZzi8-00006-00001312-00001527 this card you're going to need the front
PLB7tOJZzi8-00007-00001528-00001647 the card front
PLB7tOJZzi8-00008-00001648-00001734 the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00009-00001735-00002055 light up template and a card base
PLB7tOJZzi8-00010-00002056-00002151 which is
PLB7tOJZzi8-00011-00002152-00002399 a2 sized so it's a four and a quarter by
PLB7tOJZzi8-00012-00002400-00002671 five and a half and it's scored
PLB7tOJZzi8-00013-00002672-00002910 down the middle
PLB7tOJZzi8-00014-00002911-00003191 so um first we're going to go ahead and
PLB7tOJZzi8-00015-00003192-00003422 build the light up card template
PLB7tOJZzi8-00016-00003423-00003606 but the card front
PLB7tOJZzi8-00017-00003607-00004079 is already created for you um it has
PLB7tOJZzi8-00018-00004079-00004319 image heat embossed on the front cover
PLB7tOJZzi8-00019-00004320-00004543 and the image is from the hanging lights
PLB7tOJZzi8-00020-00004544-00004735 stamp set from altenew
PLB7tOJZzi8-00021-00004736-00004999 and all we did was heat emboss the stamp
PLB7tOJZzi8-00022-00005000-00005206 the image with some gold embossing
PLB7tOJZzi8-00023-00005207-00005295 powder
PLB7tOJZzi8-00024-00005296-00005527 and then we used a little circular die
PLB7tOJZzi8-00025-00005528-00005727 to die cut a hole so that the light will
PLB7tOJZzi8-00026-00005728-00005943 shine through really bright okay so now
PLB7tOJZzi8-00027-00005944-00006047 we're going to go ahead and build the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00028-00006048-00006199 template
PLB7tOJZzi8-00029-00006200-00006318 so first you're going to take a pair of
PLB7tOJZzi8-00030-00006319-00006527 scissors and you're going to cut right
PLB7tOJZzi8-00031-00006528-00006719 on these lines
PLB7tOJZzi8-00032-00006720-00006998 so that the switch can be folded back
PLB7tOJZzi8-00033-00007000-00007551 onto the circuit
PLB7tOJZzi8-00034-00007552-00007727 and you want to stop cutting right at
PLB7tOJZzi8-00035-00007728-00007959 that kind of dashed line because that's
PLB7tOJZzi8-00036-00007959-00008214 going to be our fold line or score line
PLB7tOJZzi8-00037-00008215-00008374 so you're going to go ahead and fold
PLB7tOJZzi8-00038-00008375-00008631 that over
PLB7tOJZzi8-00039-00008632-00008759 and then you're going to take a scoring
PLB7tOJZzi8-00040-00008760-00008839 tool
PLB7tOJZzi8-00041-00008840-00009031 or a burnishing tool or anything you can
PLB7tOJZzi8-00042-00009032-00009246 use your fingers even and just
PLB7tOJZzi8-00043-00009247-00009559 flatten out that crease a little bit
PLB7tOJZzi8-00044-00009560-00009767 so now whenever we fold it over it goes
PLB7tOJZzi8-00045-00009768-00010103 right over top of this blue line
PLB7tOJZzi8-00046-00010104-00010406 so we're going to take some chibitronics
PLB7tOJZzi8-00047-00010407-00010591 copper tape you can use the copper tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00048-00010592-00010903 you can use our conductive fabric tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00049-00010904-00011031 i'm going to use the copper tape for
PLB7tOJZzi8-00050-00011032-00011167 today
PLB7tOJZzi8-00051-00011168-00011327 and you're going to have you have two
PLB7tOJZzi8-00052-00011328-00011446 parts to the circuit you're going to
PLB7tOJZzi8-00053-00011447-00011646 have a negative track and a positive
PLB7tOJZzi8-00054-00011647-00011831 track and so first we're going to follow
PLB7tOJZzi8-00055-00011832-00012159 the negative track
PLB7tOJZzi8-00056-00012160-00012310 and we're going to start
PLB7tOJZzi8-00057-00012311-00012495 right where the battery is first
PLB7tOJZzi8-00058-00012496-00012735 actually i want to make sure that our
PLB7tOJZzi8-00059-00012736-00013015 card front lines up with our template so
PLB7tOJZzi8-00060-00013016-00013230 i'm gonna
PLB7tOJZzi8-00061-00013231-00013455 line this up on top
PLB7tOJZzi8-00062-00013456-00013599 and then
PLB7tOJZzi8-00063-00013600-00013847 i'm going to take a pencil
PLB7tOJZzi8-00064-00013847-00014071 and i'm gonna mark where that is where
PLB7tOJZzi8-00065-00014072-00014351 that hole is onto the template
PLB7tOJZzi8-00066-00014352-00014615 and it's right there
PLB7tOJZzi8-00067-00014616-00014766 so then so now i know that's where i
PLB7tOJZzi8-00068-00014768-00015030 want the sticker light to
PLB7tOJZzi8-00069-00015031-00015255 exist
PLB7tOJZzi8-00070-00015256-00015415 so
PLB7tOJZzi8-00071-00015416-00015830 i'm gonna follow this template
PLB7tOJZzi8-00072-00015831-00016711 with my copper tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00073-00016712-00016967 and if it's not exact that's completely
PLB7tOJZzi8-00074-00016968-00017071 fine
PLB7tOJZzi8-00075-00017072-00017239 it's taped
PLB7tOJZzi8-00076-00017240-00017822 it's not not going to be perfect
PLB7tOJZzi8-00077-00017823-00017903 okay
PLB7tOJZzi8-00078-00017904-00018055 we're just going to use scissors to cut
PLB7tOJZzi8-00079-00018056-00018503 that part
PLB7tOJZzi8-00080-00018504-00018639 so now
PLB7tOJZzi8-00081-00018640-00018894 we're going to take the copper tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00082-00018895-00019094 do the second part of the negative
PLB7tOJZzi8-00083-00019095-00019343 circuit which is this line here
PLB7tOJZzi8-00084-00019344-00020822 that connects to the battery
PLB7tOJZzi8-00085-00020823-00021558 corners are the trickiest part
PLB7tOJZzi8-00086-00021559-00021678 and then we're going to run that
PLB7tOJZzi8-00087-00021679-00021847 straight across
PLB7tOJZzi8-00088-00021848-00022358 okay
PLB7tOJZzi8-00089-00022359-00022543 and then the last section of the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00090-00022544-00022678 negative track
PLB7tOJZzi8-00091-00022679-00022927 is right here on the actual switch
PLB7tOJZzi8-00092-00022928-00023678 itself
PLB7tOJZzi8-00093-00023679-00023830 and if it runs over the edge that's
PLB7tOJZzi8-00094-00023831-00024055 completely fine
PLB7tOJZzi8-00095-00024056-00024199 okay so
PLB7tOJZzi8-00096-00024200-00024375 as you can see there's three parts to
PLB7tOJZzi8-00097-00024376-00024527 this negative track and i'm going to use
PLB7tOJZzi8-00098-00024528-00024742 the scoring tool burnish that copper
PLB7tOJZzi8-00099-00024743-00024911 tape into
PLB7tOJZzi8-00100-00024912-00025183 our template real quick
PLB7tOJZzi8-00101-00025184-00026006 make sure we get a good connection
PLB7tOJZzi8-00102-00026007-00026183 that's this way we have a part that's
PLB7tOJZzi8-00103-00026183-00026335 connected to the light
PLB7tOJZzi8-00104-00026336-00026470 we have a part that's connected to the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00105-00026472-00026655 battery and then we have this middle
PLB7tOJZzi8-00106-00026656-00026862 part the switch that's going to connect
PLB7tOJZzi8-00107-00026863-00027151 these two separate parts causing the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00108-00027152-00027318 light to light up
PLB7tOJZzi8-00109-00027319-00027567 so that way when the switch is not
PLB7tOJZzi8-00110-00027568-00027695 flipped over
PLB7tOJZzi8-00111-00027695-00027902 that means the circuit is deactivated
PLB7tOJZzi8-00112-00027904-00028183 and the light will not light
PLB7tOJZzi8-00113-00028183-00028327 now we can go on to the easier part of
PLB7tOJZzi8-00114-00028327-00028631 the circuit and we can
PLB7tOJZzi8-00115-00028632-00029839 follow the positive track
PLB7tOJZzi8-00116-00029839-00030023 and i'm going to go ahead
PLB7tOJZzi8-00117-00030024-00030167 and i'm going to make sure that the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00118-00030168-00030431 battery i'm using a coin battery here
PLB7tOJZzi8-00119-00030432-00030599 and i'm going to make sure the battery
PLB7tOJZzi8-00120-00030600-00030887 is positive side up so that the positive
PLB7tOJZzi8-00121-00030888-00031062 part of the circuit is touching the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00122-00031063-00031390 positive part of the battery
PLB7tOJZzi8-00123-00031391-00031631 i'll get that all the way up to the edge
PLB7tOJZzi8-00124-00031632-00031751 and then i'm going to use the copper
PLB7tOJZzi8-00125-00031752-00032143 tape to hold the battery in place
PLB7tOJZzi8-00126-00032144-00032255 so
PLB7tOJZzi8-00127-00032256-00032487 trim that
PLB7tOJZzi8-00128-00032488-00032631 so
PLB7tOJZzi8-00129-00032632-00032902 it's right along this template here
PLB7tOJZzi8-00130-00032903-00033159 make sure that's secured
PLB7tOJZzi8-00131-00033160-00033415 right here and on top of the battery
PLB7tOJZzi8-00132-00033416-00033871 okay
PLB7tOJZzi8-00133-00033872-00034095 and the last part is to add the actual
PLB7tOJZzi8-00134-00034096-00034390 sticker light and chibitronics has a
PLB7tOJZzi8-00135-00034391-00034607 wide variety of colors as you can see
PLB7tOJZzi8-00136-00034608-00034774 them all here
PLB7tOJZzi8-00137-00034775-00035062 there is a pink purple it's an orange
PLB7tOJZzi8-00138-00035063-00035423 green blue yellow red and white and the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00139-00035424-00035590 sticker lights are indicated by the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00140-00035591-00035935 letters that are on them so b for blue y
PLB7tOJZzi8-00141-00035936-00036207 for yellow r for red
PLB7tOJZzi8-00142-00036208-00036439 and today we're going to be using
PLB7tOJZzi8-00143-00036440-00036751 an orange sticker and if you can see
PLB7tOJZzi8-00144-00036752-00036951 it's kind of hard to see on in this
PLB7tOJZzi8-00145-00036952-00037230 video but the stickers actually have a
PLB7tOJZzi8-00146-00037231-00037439 negative and a positive
PLB7tOJZzi8-00147-00037440-00037655 uh symbol on them so that you know which
PLB7tOJZzi8-00148-00037656-00037967 way to put the sticker light
PLB7tOJZzi8-00149-00037968-00038174 so we're gonna place the sticker light
PLB7tOJZzi8-00150-00038175-00038359 down
PLB7tOJZzi8-00151-00038360-00038551 right inside of the space in the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00152-00038552-00038799 template and as you can see the light is
PLB7tOJZzi8-00153-00038800-00039039 not activated however
PLB7tOJZzi8-00154-00039040-00039183 when you flip it over
PLB7tOJZzi8-00155-00039184-00039367 it lights up
PLB7tOJZzi8-00156-00039368-00039446 so
PLB7tOJZzi8-00157-00039447-00039830 when we attach our card front
PLB7tOJZzi8-00158-00039831-00040046 i'm just going to use lay these back to
PLB7tOJZzi8-00159-00040047-00040415 back with the front cover down put the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00160-00040416-00040574 template right side up
PLB7tOJZzi8-00161-00040575-00040743 and i'm going to use some
PLB7tOJZzi8-00162-00040744-00040958 temporary tape here
PLB7tOJZzi8-00163-00040959-00041487 with a light hold
PLB7tOJZzi8-00164-00041488-00041639 i'm gonna
PLB7tOJZzi8-00165-00041640-00042015 try and center that and lighten that up
PLB7tOJZzi8-00166-00042016-00042383 press that into that so now when we flip
PLB7tOJZzi8-00167-00042384-00042687 it over
PLB7tOJZzi8-00168-00042688-00043030 and you press on the quote here
PLB7tOJZzi8-00169-00043031-00043343 it causes the light to light up
PLB7tOJZzi8-00170-00043344-00043558 so the last thing we need to do is
PLB7tOJZzi8-00171-00043559-00043871 attach this to our card base
PLB7tOJZzi8-00172-00043872-00044790 so you can use some liquid adhesive
PLB7tOJZzi8-00173-00044791-00045958 just run it all over this back panel
PLB7tOJZzi8-00174-00045959-00046111 and then you're just going to line it up
PLB7tOJZzi8-00175-00046112-00046223 on the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00176-00046224-00046455 front of the card base
PLB7tOJZzi8-00177-00046456-00046727 and there's your card
PLB7tOJZzi8-00178-00046728-00047039 so this way you can lift this up and see
PLB7tOJZzi8-00179-00047040-00047190 the template so you can figure out
PLB7tOJZzi8-00180-00047191-00047358 remember how you built it
PLB7tOJZzi8-00181-00047359-00047502 or if you wanted a more permanent
PLB7tOJZzi8-00182-00047503-00047711 fixture you could always use foam tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00183-00047712-00047999 and run it around the edge
PLB7tOJZzi8-00184-00048000-00048318 to give space for the battery and still
PLB7tOJZzi8-00185-00048319-00048502 be able to activate the light and i'm
PLB7tOJZzi8-00186-00048503-00049174 going to go ahead and do that now
PLB7tOJZzi8-00187-00049175-00049471 so i'm just gonna run foam tape and this
PLB7tOJZzi8-00188-00049472-00049655 way you can see how
PLB7tOJZzi8-00189-00049656-00049967 um you can run the foam tape over top of
PLB7tOJZzi8-00190-00049968-00050271 the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00191-00050272-00050527 the copper tape and it won't affect
PLB7tOJZzi8-00192-00050528-00050735 anything
PLB7tOJZzi8-00193-00050736-00052711 the light will still function
PLB7tOJZzi8-00194-00052712-00052894 and one other important note to make
PLB7tOJZzi8-00195-00052895-00053094 sure of is that your
PLB7tOJZzi8-00196-00053095-00053342 your
PLB7tOJZzi8-00197-00053344-00053566 positive and negative tracks
PLB7tOJZzi8-00198-00053567-00053887 never touch
PLB7tOJZzi8-00199-00053888-00054023 if they touch
PLB7tOJZzi8-00200-00054024-00054215 then your circuit will not work so if
PLB7tOJZzi8-00201-00054216-00054430 you're ever having issues make sure that
PLB7tOJZzi8-00202-00054432-00054671 you check your
PLB7tOJZzi8-00203-00054672-00054879 template that you create and make sure
PLB7tOJZzi8-00204-00054879-00054991 that the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00205-00054991-00055175 positive and negative tracks do not
PLB7tOJZzi8-00206-00055176-00055847 touch
PLB7tOJZzi8-00207-00055848-00056094 okay and then i'm gonna go ahead
PLB7tOJZzi8-00208-00056095-00056335 put some foam tape around
PLB7tOJZzi8-00209-00056336-00056487 our
PLB7tOJZzi8-00210-00056488-00058847 switch
PLB7tOJZzi8-00211-00058848-00059063 see still works
PLB7tOJZzi8-00212-00059064-00059342 then i can come across here just put a
PLB7tOJZzi8-00213-00059344-00060719 few strips down
PLB7tOJZzi8-00214-00060720-00060838 okay
PLB7tOJZzi8-00215-00060839-00060959 so now i'm just going to go ahead and
PLB7tOJZzi8-00216-00060960-00061103 peel the backing paper
PLB7tOJZzi8-00217-00061104-00061438 off the foam tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00218-00061439-00061711 and the amount of foam tape that you use
PLB7tOJZzi8-00219-00061712-00062023 completely depends upon the size of the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00220-00062024-00062199 coin battery that you're using
PLB7tOJZzi8-00221-00062200-00062430 uh the battery that we're using today is
PLB7tOJZzi8-00222-00062432-00062559 pretty thin
PLB7tOJZzi8-00223-00062560-00062759 so we don't need to use a lot of foam
PLB7tOJZzi8-00224-00062760-00062959 tape for this but there's other point
PLB7tOJZzi8-00225-00062960-00063111 batteries out there that are a little
PLB7tOJZzi8-00226-00063112-00063342 bit thicker so you might need to use one
PLB7tOJZzi8-00227-00063344-00063775 or two layers of foam tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00228-00063776-00063919 but as you can see
PLB7tOJZzi8-00229-00063920-00064135 the circuit worked perfectly fine with
PLB7tOJZzi8-00230-00064136-00064206 the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00231-00064207-00064494 2016
PLB7tOJZzi8-00232-00064495-00064687 cell battery
PLB7tOJZzi8-00233-00064688-00064879 coin battery sorry coin battery that's
PLB7tOJZzi8-00234-00064879-00065015 all battery
PLB7tOJZzi8-00235-00065016-00065215 okay so now we're just going to place
PLB7tOJZzi8-00236-00065216-00065663 this right on top
PLB7tOJZzi8-00237-00065664-00066438 lining this up as best as possible
PLB7tOJZzi8-00238-00066439-00066543 see
PLB7tOJZzi8-00239-00066544-00066775 so now it's more permanently on the card
PLB7tOJZzi8-00240-00066776-00067015 days
PLB7tOJZzi8-00241-00067016-00067326 and there you go
PLB7tOJZzi8-00242-00067327-00067623 once again we used chibi-tronics sticker
PLB7tOJZzi8-00243-00067624-00067815 lights which come in this wonderful
PLB7tOJZzi8-00244-00067816-00068006 sampler pack
PLB7tOJZzi8-00245-00068007-00068343 and the copper tape
PLB7tOJZzi8-00246-00068344-00068726 to build this switch activated
PLB7tOJZzi8-00247-00068727-00068975 light up card featuring the
PLB7tOJZzi8-00248-00068976-00069271 hanging lights stamp set from altenew
PLB7tOJZzi8-00249-00069272-00069438 and some gold embossing powder from
PLB7tOJZzi8-00250-00069439-00069606 ranger inc
PLB7tOJZzi8-00251-00069607-00069767 if you have any questions feel free to
PLB7tOJZzi8-00252-00069768-00069943 leave a comment below
PLB7tOJZzi8-00253-00069944-00070271 and we can answer your questions
PLB7tOJZzi8-00254-00070272-00070431 i hope you have a wonderful day thank
PLB7tOJZzi8-00255-00070432-00070680 you
PNvr-hyMsUy-00000-00000008-00000223 psychology facts if you find joy in
PNvr-hyMsUy-00001-00000224-00000495 romantic films yes love is magic but the
PNvr-hyMsUy-00002-00000496-00000726 truth is love can be simple
PNvr-hyMsUy-00003-00000727-00000902 the phenomenon that occurs between
PNvr-hyMsUy-00004-00000903-00001054 people who help each other meet goals
PNvr-hyMsUy-00005-00001055-00001262 where in helping somebody makes us love
PNvr-hyMsUy-00006-00001263-00001407 them more
PNvr-hyMsUy-00007-00001408-00001582 so if you are looking for a healthy
PNvr-hyMsUy-00008-00001583-00001782 boost to your relationship feel free to
PNvr-hyMsUy-00009-00001784-00002030 help them but also know that it is okay
PNvr-hyMsUy-00010-00002032-00002199 and good for you
PNvr-hyMsUy-00011-00002200-00002391 to be vulnerable enough to ask them for
PNvr-hyMsUy-00012-00002392-00002876 help they may even love you more for it
PP-UJhzuuUE-00001-00003423-00003632 you
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00000-00000162-00001404 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00002-00004500-00004940 what's up
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00003-00004941-00007241 [Applause]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00004-00007242-00009517 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00005-00009518-00012221 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00006-00012222-00012335 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00007-00012336-00012922 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00008-00012924-00015263 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00009-00015263-00015480 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00010-00015481-00016163 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00011-00016163-00019013 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00012-00019014-00020785 baby
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00013-00020786-00021245 right here
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00014-00021246-00022675 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00016-00027332-00029411 all right
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00017-00029412-00029958 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00019-00033163-00034289 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00020-00034290-00034393 thank you
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00021-00034394-00036439 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00022-00036440-00036985 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00023-00036986-00037183 thank you
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00024-00037184-00039952 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00025-00039953-00040259 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00026-00040260-00041212 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00027-00041213-00042536 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00028-00042537-00043307 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00029-00043308-00044711 everybody
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00030-00044712-00047476 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00031-00047477-00048702 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00033-00052115-00055045 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00034-00055046-00055315 [Applause]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00035-00055316-00056059 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00036-00056060-00057385 all right
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00037-00057386-00058349 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00038-00058350-00058919 guys
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00039-00058920-00060942 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00040-00060944-00062604 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00041-00062605-00063066 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00042-00063067-00065717 thank you
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00043-00065718-00066891 all right
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00044-00066892-00067350 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00045-00067351-00067477 thank you
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00046-00067478-00069293 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00047-00069294-00070235 what's up
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00048-00070236-00071382 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00049-00071383-00073272 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00050-00073273-00074231 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00051-00074232-00074836 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00053-00078245-00079244 thank you
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00054-00079245-00080755 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00055-00080756-00081838 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00056-00081839-00083412 foreign
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00057-00083413-00085163 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00058-00085164-00086175 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00059-00086176-00087155 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00060-00087156-00087268 okay
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00061-00087269-00089549 [Music]
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00062-00089550-00091076 um
PPHnkMA8Q6I-00063-00091077-00091402 [Music]
PT4mGvaROAk-00000-00000053-00000347 casuistry is a process of reasoning that
PT4mGvaROAk-00001-00000348-00000532 seeks to resolve moral problems by
PT4mGvaROAk-00002-00000533-00000751 extracting or extending theoretical
PT4mGvaROAk-00003-00000752-00000916 rules from a particular case and
PT4mGvaROAk-00004-00000917-00001129 reapplying those rules to new instances
PT4mGvaROAk-00005-00001130-00001426 this method occurs in applied ethics and
PT4mGvaROAk-00006-00001427-00001682 jurisprudence the term is also commonly
PT4mGvaROAk-00007-00001682-00001898 used as a pejorative to criticize the
PT4mGvaROAk-00008-00001898-00002101 use of clever but unsound reasoning
PT4mGvaROAk-00009-00002102-00002284 especially in relation to moral
PT4mGvaROAk-00010-00002285-00002504 questions as in sophistry casuistry
PT4mGvaROAk-00011-00002505-00002710 describes either a form of reasoning
PT4mGvaROAk-00012-00002711-00002890 that is presumed to be acceptable or a
PT4mGvaROAk-00013-00002891-00003071 form of reasoning that is inherently
PT4mGvaROAk-00014-00003072-00003365 unsound and deceptive the oxford english
PT4mGvaROAk-00015-00003365-00003710 dictionary says that the word oft en and
PT4mGvaROAk-00016-00003711-00003904 perhaps originally applied to a
PT4mGvaROAk-00017-00003905-00004129 quibbling or evasive way of dealing with
PT4mGvaROAk-00018-00004130-00004484 difficult cases of duty its textual
PT4mGvaROAk-00019-00004485-00004688 references except for certain technical
PT4mGvaROAk-00020-00004689-00004966 usages are consistently pejorative eg
PT4mGvaROAk-00021-00004967-00005270 casuistry destroys by distinctions and
PT4mGvaROAk-00022-00005271-00005545 exceptions all morality and effaces the
PT4mGvaROAk-00023-00005546-00005722 essential difference between right and
PT4mGvaROAk-00024-00005723-00006056 wrong the word casuistry derives from
PT4mGvaROAk-00025-00006057-00006631 the latin noun cases case or occurrence
PT4mGvaROAk-00026-00006631-00006809 you
PT4mGvaROAk-00027-00006809-00007333 topic examples
PT4mGvaROAk-00028-00007334-00007558 while a principle based approach might
PT4mGvaROAk-00029-00007559-00007788 claim that lying is always morally wrong
PT4mGvaROAk-00030-00007789-00007984 the casuist would argue that depending
PT4mGvaROAk-00031-00007984-00008191 upon the details of the case lying might
PT4mGvaROAk-00032-00008192-00008466 or might not be illegal or unethical the
PT4mGvaROAk-00033-00008467-00008677 casuist might conclude that a person is
PT4mGvaROAk-00034-00008678-00008863 wrong to lie in legal testimony under
PT4mGvaROAk-00035-00008864-00009085 oath but might argue that lying actually
PT4mGvaROAk-00036-00009086-00009262 is the best moral choice if the lie
PT4mGvaROAk-00037-00009263-00009489 saves a life Tomas Sanchez and others
PT4mGvaROAk-00038-00009490-00009673 thus theorized a doctrine of mental
PT4mGvaROAk-00039-00009674-00009874 reservation which developed into its own
PT4mGvaROAk-00040-00009875-00010108 branch of casuistry for the casuist the
PT4mGvaROAk-00041-00010109-00010312 circumstances of a case are essential
PT4mGvaROAk-00042-00010313-00010547 for evaluating the proper response
PT4mGvaROAk-00043-00010548-00010821 typically casuistic reasoning begins
PT4mGvaROAk-00044-00010822-00011038 with a clear-cut paradigm attic case in
PT4mGvaROAk-00045-00011039-00011287 legal reasoning for example this might
PT4mGvaROAk-00046-00011288-00011527 be a precedent case such as premeditated
PT4mGvaROAk-00047-00011528-00011799 murder from it the casuist would ask how
PT4mGvaROAk-00048-00011800-00011994 closely the given case currently under
PT4mGvaROAk-00049-00011995-00012208 consideration matches the paradigm attic
PT4mGvaROAk-00050-00012209-00012502 case cases like the paradigm attic case
PT4mGvaROAk-00051-00012503-00012705 ought to be treated likewise cases
PT4mGvaROAk-00052-00012706-00012885 unlike the paradigm ought to be treated
PT4mGvaROAk-00053-00012886-00013155 differently thus a man is properly
PT4mGvaROAk-00054-00013156-00013369 charged with premeditated murder if the
PT4mGvaROAk-00055-00013369-00013540 circumstances surrounding his case
PT4mGvaROAk-00056-00013541-00013713 closely resembled the exemplary
PT4mGvaROAk-00057-00013715-00013978 premeditated murder case the lesser
PT4mGvaROAk-00058-00013979-00014209 given cases like the paradigm the weaker
PT4mGvaROAk-00059-00014210-00014386 the justification is for treating that
PT4mGvaROAk-00060-00014387-00014913 case like the paradigm attic case
PT4mGvaROAk-00061-00014915-00015366 topic meanings
PT4mGvaROAk-00062-00015366-00015627 casuistry is a method of case reasoning
PT4mGvaROAk-00063-00015628-00015846 especially useful in treating cases that
PT4mGvaROAk-00064-00015847-00016125 involve moral dilemmas it is a branch of
PT4mGvaROAk-00065-00016126-00016215 applied ethics
PT4mGvaROAk-00066-00016216-00016437 it is also criticized for the use of
PT4mGvaROAk-00067-00016438-00016703 inconsistent or outright specious
PT4mGvaROAk-00068-00016704-00017262 application of rule to instance
PT4mGvaROAk-00069-00017263-00017723 topic morality
PT4mGvaROAk-00070-00017724-00018005 casuistry takes a relentlessly practical
PT4mGvaROAk-00071-00018006-00018233 approach to morality rather than using
PT4mGvaROAk-00072-00018234-00018440 theories as starting points casuistry
PT4mGvaROAk-00073-00018441-00018749 begins with an examination of cases by
PT4mGvaROAk-00074-00018750-00018968 drawing parallels between paradigms or
PT4mGvaROAk-00075-00018969-00019283 so-called pure cases and the case at
PT4mGvaROAk-00076-00019284-00019487 hand a casuist tries to determine a
PT4mGvaROAk-00077-00019488-00020411 moral responsible oh one of the
PT4mGvaROAk-00078-00020412-00020606 strengths of casuistry is that it does
PT4mGvaROAk-00079-00020607-00020810 not begin with nor does it overemphasize
PT4mGvaROAk-00080-00020811-00021083 theoretical issues it does not require
PT4mGvaROAk-00081-00021084-00021296 practitioners to agree about ethical
PT4mGvaROAk-00082-00021297-00021506 theories or evaluations before making
PT4mGvaROAk-00083-00021507-00021761 policy instead they can agree that
PT4mGvaROAk-00084-00021762-00021965 certain paradigms should be treated in
PT4mGvaROAk-00085-00021966-00022133 certain ways and then agree on the
PT4mGvaROAk-00086-00022134-00022322 similarities the so-called warrants
PT4mGvaROAk-00087-00022323-00022546 between a paradigm in the case at hand
PT4mGvaROAk-00088-00022547-00022817 since most people and most cultures
PT4mGvaROAk-00089-00022818-00023018 substantially agree about most pure
PT4mGvaROAk-00090-00023019-00023261 ethical situations casuistry often
PT4mGvaROAk-00091-00023262-00023432 creates ethical arguments that can
PT4mGvaROAk-00092-00023433-00023609 persuade people of different ethnic
PT4mGvaROAk-00093-00023610-00023831 religious and philosophical beliefs to
PT4mGvaROAk-00094-00023832-00024043 treat particular cases in the same ways
PT4mGvaROAk-00095-00024044-00024332 for this reason casuistry is widely
PT4mGvaROAk-00096-00024333-00024491 considered to be the basis for the
PT4mGvaROAk-00097-00024492-00024754 English common law and its derivatives
PT4mGvaROAk-00098-00024755-00025037 casuistry is prone to abuses wherever
PT4mGvaROAk-00099-00025038-00025558 the analogies between cases are false
PT4mGvaROAk-00100-00025559-00026064 topic history
PT4mGvaROAk-00101-00026064-00026450 casuistry dates from aristotle 384 to
PT4mGvaROAk-00102-00026451-00026783 322 BC that the zenith of casuistry was
PT4mGvaROAk-00103-00026785-00027111 from 1550 to 1650 when the Society of
PT4mGvaROAk-00104-00027112-00027281 Jesus used case based reasoning
PT4mGvaROAk-00105-00027282-00027464 particularly in administering the
PT4mGvaROAk-00106-00027466-00027587 Sacrament of Penance
PT4mGvaROAk-00107-00027588-00027945 or confession the term casuistry quickly
PT4mGvaROAk-00108-00027945-00028145 became pejorative with Blaise Pascal's
PT4mGvaROAk-00109-00028147-00028373 attack on the misuse of casuistry in
PT4mGvaROAk-00110-00028374-00028552 provincial letters
PT4mGvaROAk-00111-00028554-00028860 16:56 2:7 he scolded the Jesuits for
PT4mGvaROAk-00112-00028861-00029076 using casuistic reasoning and confession
PT4mGvaROAk-00113-00029077-00029270 to placate wealthy church donors while
PT4mGvaROAk-00114-00029272-00029570 punishing poor penitence Pascal charged
PT4mGvaROAk-00115-00029572-00029745 that aristocratic penitence could
PT4mGvaROAk-00116-00029745-00029955 confess their sins one day recommit thus
PT4mGvaROAk-00117-00029956-00030168 in the next day generously donate the
PT4mGvaROAk-00118-00030169-00030333 following day then returned to wreak
PT4mGvaROAk-00119-00030333-00030504 infest our sins and only receive the
PT4mGvaROAk-00120-00030505-00030737 lightest punishment Pascal's criticisms
PT4mGvaROAk-00121-00030738-00031070 darkened casuistry reputation it was not
PT4mGvaROAk-00122-00031072-00031248 until publication of the abuse of
PT4mGvaROAk-00123-00031249-00031481 casuistry a history of moral reasoning
PT4mGvaROAk-00124-00031482-00031752 1988 by Albert Johnson and Stephen
PT4mGvaROAk-00125-00031752-00031929 Toulmin that a revival of casuistry
PT4mGvaROAk-00126-00031930-00032193 occurred they argue that the abuse of
PT4mGvaROAk-00127-00032194-00032427 casuistry is the problem not casuistry
PT4mGvaROAk-00128-00032427-00032652 per se itself an example of casuistic
PT4mGvaROAk-00129-00032652-00032990 reasoning properly used casuistry is
PT4mGvaROAk-00130-00032991-00033237 powerful reasoning Johnson and Toolman
PT4mGvaROAk-00131-00033238-00033423 offered casuistry in dissolving the
PT4mGvaROAk-00132-00033424-00033651 contradictory tenets of moral absolutism
PT4mGvaROAk-00133-00033652-00033858 and the common secular moral relativism
PT4mGvaROAk-00134-00033859-00034115 the form of reasoning constitutive of
PT4mGvaROAk-00135-00034116-00034352 classical casuistry as rhetorical
PT4mGvaROAk-00136-00034353-00034614 reasoning moreover the ethical
PT4mGvaROAk-00137-00034615-00034790 philosophies of utilitarianism
PT4mGvaROAk-00138-00034791-00035052 especially preference utilitarianism and
PT4mGvaROAk-00139-00035053-00035271 pragmatism commonly are identified as
PT4mGvaROAk-00140-00035272-00035769 greatly employing casuistic reasoning
PT4mGvaROAk-00141-00035770-00036333 topic early modern times
PT4mGvaROAk-00142-00036334-00036587 the kazoo istic method was popular among
PT4mGvaROAk-00143-00036588-00036771 Catholic thinkers in the early modern
PT4mGvaROAk-00144-00036772-00037005 period and not only among the Jesuits as
PT4mGvaROAk-00145-00037006-00037275 it is commonly thought famous casuistic
PT4mGvaROAk-00146-00037276-00037551 authors include antonio escobar y
PT4mGvaROAk-00147-00037552-00037734 mendoza who's samuel ik assume
PT4mGvaROAk-00148-00037735-00038087 conscience' 1627 enjoyed a great success
PT4mGvaROAk-00149-00038088-00038214 Tomas Sanchez
PT4mGvaROAk-00150-00038215-00038487 Vincenzo feliu G Jesuit and Penitentiary
PT4mGvaROAk-00151-00038488-00038715 at st. Peter's Antonino Diana Paul
PT4mGvaROAk-00152-00038716-00039093 layman theologian Morales 1625 John azor
PT4mGvaROAk-00153-00039094-00039456 institutio Nez Morales 1680 and bounty
PT4mGvaROAk-00154-00039457-00039684 Lewis Selat Valerius Regine Aldous
PT4mGvaROAk-00155-00039685-00040146 Hermann Bassam Baum D 1668 etc one of
PT4mGvaROAk-00156-00040147-00040337 the main theses of casuist s' was the
PT4mGvaROAk-00157-00040338-00040539 necessity to adapt the rigorous morals
PT4mGvaROAk-00158-00040540-00040743 of the early fathers of Christianity to
PT4mGvaROAk-00159-00040744-00040946 modern morals which led in some extreme
PT4mGvaROAk-00160-00040947-00041205 cases to justify what innocent xi later
PT4mGvaROAk-00161-00041206-00041462 called black cysts moral ie
PT4mGvaROAk-00162-00041463-00041754 justification of usury homicide regicide
PT4mGvaROAk-00163-00041755-00041993 lying through mental reservation
PT4mGvaROAk-00164-00041994-00042221 adultery and loss of virginity before
PT4mGvaROAk-00165-00042222-00042552 marriage etc all due case is registered
PT4mGvaROAk-00166-00042553-00042858 by Pascal in the provincial letters the
PT4mGvaROAk-00167-00042859-00043074 progress of casuistry was interrupted
PT4mGvaROAk-00168-00043075-00043299 toward the middle of the 17th century by
PT4mGvaROAk-00169-00043300-00043440 the controversy which arose concerning
PT4mGvaROAk-00170-00043441-00043662 the doctrine of probable ISM which
PT4mGvaROAk-00171-00043663-00043815 stipulated that one could choose to
PT4mGvaROAk-00172-00043816-00044102 follow a probable opinion that is
PT4mGvaROAk-00173-00044103-00044301 supported by a theologian or another
PT4mGvaROAk-00174-00044302-00044502 even if it contradicted a more probable
PT4mGvaROAk-00175-00044503-00044718 opinion or a quotation from one of the
PT4mGvaROAk-00176-00044719-00044979 fathers of the church the controversy
PT4mGvaROAk-00177-00044980-00045201 divided Catholic theologians into two
PT4mGvaROAk-00178-00045202-00045433 camps rigorous --ts and laxus
PT4mGvaROAk-00179-00045434-00045669 certain kinds of casuistry were
PT4mGvaROAk-00180-00045670-00045846 criticised by early Protestant
PT4mGvaROAk-00181-00045847-00046046 theologians because it was used in order
PT4mGvaROAk-00182-00046047-00046257 to justify many of the abuses that they
PT4mGvaROAk-00183-00046258-00046487 sought to reform it was famously
PT4mGvaROAk-00184-00046488-00046683 attacked by the Catholic and Jansenist
PT4mGvaROAk-00185-00046684-00046914 philosopher Pascal during the formulary
PT4mGvaROAk-00186-00046915-00047139 controversy against the Jesuits in his
PT4mGvaROAk-00187-00047140-00047301 provincial letters as the use of
PT4mGvaROAk-00188-00047302-00047526 rhetorics to justify moral laxity which
PT4mGvaROAk-00189-00047527-00047721 became identified by the public with
PT4mGvaROAk-00190-00047722-00047933 Jesuit ISM hence the everyday use of the
PT4mGvaROAk-00191-00047934-00048183 term to mean complex and sophistic to
PT4mGvaROAk-00192-00048184-00048483 justify moral laxity by the mid 18th
PT4mGvaROAk-00193-00048484-00048812 century casuistry had become a synonym
PT4mGvaROAk-00194-00048813-00049029 for specious moral reasoning however
PT4mGvaROAk-00195-00049030-00049224 Puritans were well known for their own
PT4mGvaROAk-00196-00049225-00049439 development of casuistry
PT4mGvaROAk-00197-00049440-00049817 in 1679 Pope Innocent the 11 publicly
PT4mGvaROAk-00198-00049818-00050002 condemned 65 of the more radical
PT4mGvaROAk-00199-00050003-00050267 propositions strictiy mentalis taken
PT4mGvaROAk-00200-00050268-00050432 chiefly from the writings of Escobar
PT4mGvaROAk-00201-00050433-00050645 Suarez and other casuist saz
PT4mGvaROAk-00202-00050646-00050855 propositions lakhs or moralist Dereham
PT4mGvaROAk-00203-00050856-00051029 and forbade anyone to teach them under
PT4mGvaROAk-00204-00051030-00051196 penalty of excommunication
PT4mGvaROAk-00205-00051197-00051449 despite this papal condemnation both
PT4mGvaROAk-00206-00051450-00051686 Catholicism and Protestantism permit the
PT4mGvaROAk-00207-00051687-00051861 use of ambiguous and equivocal
PT4mGvaROAk-00208-00051862-00052370 statements in specific circumstances
PT4mGvaROAk-00209-00052371-00052909 topic modern times
PT4mGvaROAk-00210-00052910-00053209 ge more dealt with casuistry in Chapter
PT4mGvaROAk-00211-00053210-00053434 one point four of his Principia ethica
PT4mGvaROAk-00212-00053435-00053667 in which he claims that the defects of
PT4mGvaROAk-00213-00053669-00053931 casuistry are not defects of principle
PT4mGvaROAk-00214-00053932-00054178 no objection can be taken to its aim and
PT4mGvaROAk-00215-00054179-00054474 object it has failed only because it is
PT4mGvaROAk-00216-00054475-00054693 far too difficult to subject to be
PT4mGvaROAk-00217-00054694-00054916 treated adequately in our present state
PT4mGvaROAk-00218-00054916-00055228 of knowledge furthermore he asserted
PT4mGvaROAk-00219-00055229-00055498 that casuistry is the goal of ethical
PT4mGvaROAk-00220-00055499-00055755 investigation it cannot be safely
PT4mGvaROAk-00221-00055756-00055924 attempted at the beginning of our
PT4mGvaROAk-00222-00055925-00056250 studies but only at the end since the
PT4mGvaROAk-00223-00056251-00056512 1960's applied ethics has revived the
PT4mGvaROAk-00224-00056513-00056751 ideas of casuistry in applying ethical
PT4mGvaROAk-00225-00056752-00056947 reasoning to particular cases in law
PT4mGvaROAk-00226-00056948-00057184 bioethics and business ethics so the
PT4mGvaROAk-00227-00057185-00057381 reputation of casuistry is somewhat
PT4mGvaROAk-00228-00057382-00057741 rehabilitated Pope Francis a Jesuit has
PT4mGvaROAk-00229-00057742-00057951 criticized the practice of setting
PT4mGvaROAk-00230-00057952-00058216 general laws on the basis of exceptional
PT4mGvaROAk-00231-00058216-00058785 cases as casuistry
PT4mGvaROAk-00232-00058786-00059304 topic see also
PT4mGvaROAk-00233-00059305-00059775 applied ethics case based reasoning case
PT4mGvaROAk-00234-00059776-00060140 based evidence consequentialism
PT4mGvaROAk-00235-00060141-00060480 dispensation Catholic Church list of
PT4mGvaROAk-00236-00060481-00060911 thought processes kia's rhetoric
PT4mGvaROAk-00237-00060912-00061331 rhetorical reason school of Salamanca
PT4mGvaROAk-00238-00061332-00061819 situation ethics
PT4mGvaROAk-00239-00061820-00062331 topic references
PT4mGvaROAk-00240-00062332-00062848 topic further reading
PT4mGvaROAk-00241-00062849-00063394 topic external links
PT4mGvaROAk-00242-00063395-00063623 dictionary of the history of ideas
PT4mGvaROAk-00243-00063624-00064054 casuistry accountancy is computational
PT4mGvaROAk-00244-00064055-00064250 casuistic s-- article on how modern
PT4mGvaROAk-00245-00064251-00064469 compliance regimes in accountancy and
PT4mGvaROAk-00246-00064470-00064804 law apply casuistry Mortimer Adler's
PT4mGvaROAk-00247-00064805-00065116 great ideas casuistry summary of
PT4mGvaROAk-00248-00065117-00065462 casuistry by jeremy Townsley casuistry
PT4mGvaROAk-00249-00065463-00065672 online guide to ethics and moral
PT4mGvaROAk-00250-00065673-00065975 philosophy casuistry Oxford encyclopedia
PT4mGvaROAk-00251-00065976-00066194 of rhetoric catalogued at chief
PT4mGvaROAk-00252-00066195-00066575 philosopher com
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00000-00000003-00000257 we're standing here at the end of the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00001-00000258-00000551 freeway in Zurich because cars are the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00002-00000552-00000944 topic of today with cars something
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00003-00000944-00001145 really interesting happened in Germany
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00004-00001146-00001602 we need to see your ranking and when I
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00005-00001603-00001882 discussed that CEO ranking of all the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00006-00001884-00002126 chairman companies with the Frankfurter
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00007-00002127-00002372 Allgemeine Zeitung the journalist asked
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00008-00002373-00002924 me why are there no car company CEOs and
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00009-00002925-00003088 that's a really good question
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00010-00003089-00003449 because you you get to our ranking when
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00011-00003450-00003640 you're better than your international
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00012-00003642-00004175 competition which means no German car
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00013-00004176-00004411 company has been better than their
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00014-00004412-00004795 competition that's pretty bad now I try
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00015-00004796-00004997 to explain that and another car
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00016-00004998-00005218 specialist but it's probably the diesel
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00017-00005219-00005497 scandal that hurts the German car
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00018-00005498-00005713 industry and also the sharing economy
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00019-00005714-00006020 because the cars tend to be smaller when
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00020-00006021-00006370 they're shared and finally it may be the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00021-00006371-00006645 move towards more electric cars the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00022-00006647-00007028 Germans are bad at electric cars so
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00023-00007029-00007295 these all explains why the German car
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00024-00007295-00007613 market is down right now now what
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00025-00007614-00007814 happens with the market when the market
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00026-00007815-00008351 dives it takes every body with it and
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00027-00008352-00008516 when I looked at the German top ten list
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00028-00008517-00008758 there was actually an automotive
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00029-00008759-00009077 supplier on that list now you may not
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00030-00009078-00009421 know this cars are not really made by
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00031-00009422-00009685 the car companies they're made by the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00032-00009686-00009946 part manufacturers they're called
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00033-00009947-00010220 automotive suppliers the car companies
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00034-00010221-00010481 just assembled the cars together but
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00035-00010482-00010624 most of it is actually done by
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00036-00010625-00010928 automotive suppliers so hello the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00037-00010929-00011120 company I found on the ovum our top 10
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00038-00011121-00011402 list is a really interesting player in
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00039-00011403-00011702 the German car market and I decided to
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00040-00011703-00011933 have a closer look and see if the
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00041-00011934-00012145 problems of the German car industry
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00042-00012146-00012613 applied to hellah as well and they don't
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00043-00012614-00012926 they don't produce any diesel they
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00044-00012927-00013136 actually produce light systems
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00045-00013137-00013346 they were the first one to make
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00046-00013347-00013580 headlights different on the left side
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00047-00013581-00013832 from the right side because you know on
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00048-00013833-00014108 the left side you don't want a blind to
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00049-00014109-00014350 come the car coming towards you but on
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00050-00014351-00014528 the right side you want to see it all
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00051-00014529-00014828 all the border of the road so they're
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00052-00014829-00015100 very innovative on top of that they make
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00053-00015101-00015386 security systems also something that can
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00054-00015387-00015736 be used in all types of cars big ones
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00055-00015737-00016033 small ones electric ones as well and
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00056-00016034-00016388 finally they're producing guiding system
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00057-00016389-00016844 for autonomous driving now when you
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00058-00016845-00017008 don't drive yourself anymore and when
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00059-00017009-00017219 it's your car that drives you want to
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00060-00017220-00017569 feel safe and that's when churma quality
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00061-00017570-00017861 is actually quite important so I decided
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00062-00017862-00018116 hella is a really interesting company
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00063-00018117-00018488 it's very good very ranks of 79 on
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00064-00018489-00018824 average and actually a growth rank of
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00065-00018825-00019199 100 so I decided to buy the German
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00066-00019200-00019472 automotive supplier hello that was my
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00067-00019473-00019687 decision I wish you good luck with your
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00068-00019688-00019894 decision
PTvqeIzzWiQ-00069-00019895-00020580 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00000-00000014-00000484 [Music]
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PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00019-00030303-00031741 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00021-00038728-00039720 do
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00023-00045361-00045574 [Applause]
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PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00025-00046175-00046490 so
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PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00036-00056295-00056736 is
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00037-00056737-00058342 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00038-00058344-00058534 uh
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00040-00065304-00066043 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00041-00066044-00068226 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00042-00068227-00071190 [Music]
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PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00044-00072888-00073730 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00045-00073731-00074223 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00046-00074224-00074533 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00047-00074534-00077447 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00048-00077448-00077750 let's go
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00049-00077751-00078715 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00050-00078716-00080619 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00051-00080620-00081375 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00052-00081376-00081654 foreign
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00053-00081655-00082255 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00054-00082256-00082548 [Applause]
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PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00056-00084551-00085254 oh
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00057-00085255-00085878 [Music]
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PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00062-00089152-00090206 [Applause]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00063-00090207-00090336 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00064-00090337-00091599 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00065-00091600-00092527 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00066-00092528-00095206 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00067-00095207-00096340 oh
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00068-00096341-00098370 [Music]
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PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00070-00099888-00100639 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00071-00100640-00102409 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00072-00102410-00103554 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00073-00103555-00104782 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00074-00104783-00104922 i'm good
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00076-00111335-00112004 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00078-00115227-00117048 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00080-00122180-00122249 [Applause]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00081-00122250-00123066 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00082-00123067-00126031 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00083-00126032-00126632 thank you
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00085-00130265-00132159 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00086-00132160-00132998 so
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00087-00132999-00134635 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00088-00134636-00134777 [Applause]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00089-00134778-00135493 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00090-00135494-00136023 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00091-00136024-00136471 [Music]
PTMTYLVZ4Gc-00092-00136472-00137212 so
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PbVvo69NbwQ-00000-00000012-00000375 the Italian invasion of Albania April 7
PbVvo69NbwQ-00001-00000376-00000714 to 12 1939 was a brief military campaign
PbVvo69NbwQ-00002-00000715-00000878 by the Kingdom of Italy against the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00003-00000880-00001122 Albanian Kingdom the conflict was a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00004-00001123-00001335 result of the imperialist policies of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00005-00001336-00001577 Italian dictator Benito Mussolini
PbVvo69NbwQ-00006-00001578-00001872 Albania was rapidly overrun its ruler
PbVvo69NbwQ-00007-00001873-00002139 King Zog the first forced into exile and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00008-00002140-00002313 the country made part of the Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00009-00002314-00002526 Empire as a separate Kingdom in personal
PbVvo69NbwQ-00010-00002527-00003178 union with the Italian crown
PbVvo69NbwQ-00011-00003179-00003696 topic background
PbVvo69NbwQ-00012-00003697-00003915 Albania had long been of considerable
PbVvo69NbwQ-00013-00003917-00004135 strategic importance to the Kingdom of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00014-00004136-00004459 Italy Italian naval strategists coveted
PbVvo69NbwQ-00015-00004460-00004660 the port of lor and the island of saison
PbVvo69NbwQ-00016-00004661-00004825 at the entrance to the bay of lor as
PbVvo69NbwQ-00017-00004826-00004981 they would give Italy control of the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00018-00004982-00005152 entrance to the Adriatic Sea
PbVvo69NbwQ-00019-00005153-00005437 in addition Albania could provide Italy
PbVvo69NbwQ-00020-00005438-00005683 with a beachhead in the Balkans in the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00021-00005684-00005821 late autumn and period with a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00022-00005822-00006031 de-emphasis of Islam the Albanian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00023-00006032-00006204 nationalist movement gained the strong
PbVvo69NbwQ-00024-00006205-00006415 support of two Adriatic Sea powers
PbVvo69NbwQ-00025-00006416-00006606 austria-hungary and Italy who were
PbVvo69NbwQ-00026-00006608-00006808 concerned about pan-slavism in the wider
PbVvo69NbwQ-00027-00006809-00007015 Balkans an anglo-french hegemony
PbVvo69NbwQ-00028-00007016-00007204 purportedly represented through Greece
PbVvo69NbwQ-00029-00007205-00007509 in the area before World War one Italy
PbVvo69NbwQ-00030-00007511-00007708 and austria-hungary had been supportive
PbVvo69NbwQ-00031-00007709-00007834 to the creation of an independent
PbVvo69NbwQ-00032-00007834-00008137 Albanian state at the outbreak of the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00033-00008138-00008326 war Italy had seized the chance to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00034-00008327-00008548 occupy the southern half of Albania to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00035-00008549-00008688 avoid it being captured by the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00036-00008689-00008980 austro-hungarians that success did not
PbVvo69NbwQ-00037-00008981-00009223 last long as Albanian resistance during
PbVvo69NbwQ-00038-00009224-00009394 the subsequent Flora war and post-war
PbVvo69NbwQ-00039-00009395-00009637 domestic problems forced Italy to pull
PbVvo69NbwQ-00040-00009638-00009976 out in 1920 the desire to compensate for
PbVvo69NbwQ-00041-00009977-00010168 this failure would be one of Mussolini's
PbVvo69NbwQ-00042-00010169-00010363 major motives in invading Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00043-00010364-00010570 Albania was important culturally and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00044-00010571-00010777 historically to the nationalist aims of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00045-00010778-00011013 the Italian fascists as the territory of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00046-00011014-00011215 Albania had long been part of the Roman
PbVvo69NbwQ-00047-00011216-00011437 Empire even prior to the annexation of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00048-00011438-00011685 northern Italy by the Romans later
PbVvo69NbwQ-00049-00011686-00011919 during the High Middle Ages some coastal
PbVvo69NbwQ-00050-00011920-00012148 areas like Durazo had been influenced
PbVvo69NbwQ-00051-00012149-00012358 and owned by Italian powers chiefly the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00052-00012359-00012555 kingdom of Naples and the Republic of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00053-00012556-00012891 Venice for many years CF Albania verneda
PbVvo69NbwQ-00054-00012892-00013153 the Italian fascist regime legitimized
PbVvo69NbwQ-00055-00013154-00013347 its claim to Albania through studies
PbVvo69NbwQ-00056-00013349-00013516 proclaiming the racial affinity of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00057-00013516-00013765 Albanians and Italians especially as
PbVvo69NbwQ-00058-00013766-00014094 opposed to the Slavic Yugoslavs Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00059-00014095-00014287 fascists claimed that Albanians were
PbVvo69NbwQ-00060-00014288-00014440 linked through ethnic heritage to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00061-00014441-00014611 Italians due to links between the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00062-00014612-00014863 prehistoric Italian Roman and illyrian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00063-00014863-00015076 populations and that the major influence
PbVvo69NbwQ-00064-00015077-00015258 exhibited by the Roman and Venetian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00065-00015259-00015502 empires over Albania justified Italy's
PbVvo69NbwQ-00066-00015503-00015802 right to possess it when Mussolini took
PbVvo69NbwQ-00067-00015803-00015972 power in Italy he turned with renewed
PbVvo69NbwQ-00068-00015974-00016237 interest to Albania Italy began
PbVvo69NbwQ-00069-00016238-00016569 penetration of Albania's economy in 1925
PbVvo69NbwQ-00070-00016570-00016783 when Albania agreed to allow Italy to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00071-00016784-00017000 exploit its mineral resources
PbVvo69NbwQ-00072-00017001-00017210 that was followed by the first Treaty of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00073-00017211-00017483 Tirana in 1926 and the second Treaty of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00074-00017484-00017836 Tirana in 1927 whereby Italy and Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00075-00017837-00018119 entered into a defensive alliance among
PbVvo69NbwQ-00076-00018120-00018325 other things the Albanian government and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00077-00018326-00018572 economy were subsidized by Italian loans
PbVvo69NbwQ-00078-00018573-00018767 and the Albanian army was trained by
PbVvo69NbwQ-00079-00018768-00019067 Italian military instructors despite
PbVvo69NbwQ-00080-00019068-00019297 strong Italian influence King Zog the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00081-00019298-00019493 first refused to give in completely to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00082-00019494-00019838 Italian pressure in 1931 he stood up
PbVvo69NbwQ-00083-00019839-00020059 openly to the Italians refusing to renew
PbVvo69NbwQ-00084-00020060-00020425 the 1926 Treaty of Tirana after Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00085-00020426-00020644 signed trade agreements with Yugoslavia
PbVvo69NbwQ-00086-00020645-00020927 and Greece in 1934 Mussolini made a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00087-00020928-00021094 failed attempt to intimidate the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00088-00021095-00021296 Albanians by sending a fleet of warships
PbVvo69NbwQ-00089-00021297-00021530 to Albania as Nazi Germany annexed
PbVvo69NbwQ-00090-00021531-00021728 Austria and moved against Czechoslovakia
PbVvo69NbwQ-00091-00021729-00021971 Italy saw itself becoming the lesser
PbVvo69NbwQ-00092-00021972-00022228 member of the pact of Steel the imminent
PbVvo69NbwQ-00093-00022229-00022400 birth of an Albanian royal child
PbVvo69NbwQ-00094-00022401-00022616 meanwhile threatened to give Zog elastin
PbVvo69NbwQ-00095-00022617-00022855 dynasty after Hitler invaded
PbVvo69NbwQ-00096-00022856-00023197 Czechoslovakia March 15 1939 without
PbVvo69NbwQ-00097-00023198-00023408 notifying Mussolini in advance the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00098-00023409-00023615 Italian dictator decided to proceed with
PbVvo69NbwQ-00099-00023616-00023915 his own annexation of Albania Italy's
PbVvo69NbwQ-00100-00023916-00024074 King Victor Emmanuel the third
PbVvo69NbwQ-00101-00024075-00024299 criticized the plan to take Albania as
PbVvo69NbwQ-00102-00024300-00024583 an unnecessary risk Rome however
PbVvo69NbwQ-00103-00024584-00024803 delivered Tirana an ultimatum on March
PbVvo69NbwQ-00104-00024804-00025121 25th 1939 demanding that it consent to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00105-00025122-00025393 Italy's occupation of Albania Zog
PbVvo69NbwQ-00106-00025394-00025603 refused to accept money in exchange for
PbVvo69NbwQ-00107-00025604-00025814 allowing a full Italian takeover and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00108-00025814-00026094 colonization of Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00109-00026095-00026317 the Albanian government tried to keep
PbVvo69NbwQ-00110-00026318-00026539 secret the news of the Italian ultimatum
PbVvo69NbwQ-00111-00026539-00026776 while radio Tyrande persistently
PbVvo69NbwQ-00112-00026777-00026970 broadcast that nothing was happening
PbVvo69NbwQ-00113-00026972-00027181 people became suspicious and the news of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00114-00027182-00027358 the Italian ultimatum was spread from
PbVvo69NbwQ-00115-00027358-00027631 unofficial sources on April 5th the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00116-00027632-00027820 king's son was born and the news was
PbVvo69NbwQ-00117-00027820-00028077 announced by cannons people poured out
PbVvo69NbwQ-00118-00028078-00028258 into the streets alarmed but the news of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00119-00028258-00028498 the newborn Prince calmed them people
PbVvo69NbwQ-00120-00028499-00028683 were suspicious that something else was
PbVvo69NbwQ-00121-00028685-00028914 going on which led to an anti Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00122-00028916-00029133 demonstration in Tirana the same day on
PbVvo69NbwQ-00123-00029135-00029370 the 6th of April there were several
PbVvo69NbwQ-00124-00029372-00029605 demonstrations in Albania's main cities
PbVvo69NbwQ-00125-00029606-00029964 that same afternoon 100 Italian aircraft
PbVvo69NbwQ-00126-00029966-00030076 flew over Tirana
PbVvo69NbwQ-00127-00030077-00030256 Durres and Vlore dropping leaflets
PbVvo69NbwQ-00128-00030257-00030448 instructing the people to submit to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00129-00030449-00030699 Italian occupation the people were
PbVvo69NbwQ-00130-00030700-00030895 infuriated by this demonstration of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00131-00030895-00031065 force and called for the government to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00132-00031066-00031239 resist and to release the Albanians
PbVvo69NbwQ-00133-00031241-00031599 arrested as communists the crowd shouted
PbVvo69NbwQ-00134-00031600-00031930 give us arms we are being sold out we
PbVvo69NbwQ-00135-00031931-00032173 are being betrayed while a mobilization
PbVvo69NbwQ-00136-00032174-00032343 of the reserves was called
PbVvo69NbwQ-00137-00032344-00032536 many high-ranking officers left the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00138-00032537-00032800 country also the government was fading
PbVvo69NbwQ-00139-00032801-00033046 away the Minister of the Interior Musa
PbVvo69NbwQ-00140-00033047-00033237 Jukka left the country for Yugoslavia
PbVvo69NbwQ-00141-00033238-00033592 the same day while King Zog broadcast to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00142-00033593-00033775 the nation that he would resist Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00143-00033776-00033955 occupation people felt that they were
PbVvo69NbwQ-00144-00033956-00034604 being abandoned by their government
PbVvo69NbwQ-00145-00034605-00035114 Topic invasion
PbVvo69NbwQ-00146-00035115-00035348 the original Italian plans for the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00147-00035349-00035576 invasion called for up to 50,000 men
PbVvo69NbwQ-00148-00035577-00035829 supported by 51 naval units and four
PbVvo69NbwQ-00149-00035830-00036068 hundred airplanes ultimately the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00150-00036069-00036320 invasion force grew to 100,000 men
PbVvo69NbwQ-00151-00036321-00036583 supported by 600 airplanes but only
PbVvo69NbwQ-00152-00036584-00036935 22,000 - part in the invasion on April
PbVvo69NbwQ-00153-00036936-00037172 7th Mussolini's troops led by General
PbVvo69NbwQ-00154-00037173-00037388 Alfred Oguz Oni invaded Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00155-00037389-00037571 attacking all Albanian ports
PbVvo69NbwQ-00156-00037572-00037886 simultaneously the Italian naval forces
PbVvo69NbwQ-00157-00037887-00038102 involved in the invasion consisted of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00158-00038103-00038369 the battleships Giulio Cesare and Conte
PbVvo69NbwQ-00159-00038370-00038585 de Cavour three heavy cruisers three
PbVvo69NbwQ-00160-00038586-00038823 light cruisers nine destroyers 14
PbVvo69NbwQ-00161-00038824-00039041 torpedo boats one mine layer 10
PbVvo69NbwQ-00162-00039042-00039273 auxiliary ships and 9 transport ships
PbVvo69NbwQ-00163-00039274-00039551 the ships were divided into four groups
PbVvo69NbwQ-00164-00039552-00039732 that carried out landings in Vlore
PbVvo69NbwQ-00165-00039733-00039968 durrës Saranda and changjun on the other
PbVvo69NbwQ-00166-00039969-00040173 side the regular Albanian Army had
PbVvo69NbwQ-00167-00040174-00040404 15,000 poorly equipped troops who had
PbVvo69NbwQ-00168-00040405-00040676 been trained by Italian officers King
PbVvo69NbwQ-00169-00040677-00040886 Zoggs plan was to mount a resistance in
PbVvo69NbwQ-00170-00040887-00041069 the mountains leaving the ports and main
PbVvo69NbwQ-00171-00041070-00041304 cities undefended but Italian agents
PbVvo69NbwQ-00172-00041305-00041477 placed in Albania as military
PbVvo69NbwQ-00173-00041478-00041679 instructors sabotaged this plan
PbVvo69NbwQ-00174-00041680-00041945 the Albanians discovered that artillery
PbVvo69NbwQ-00175-00041946-00042129 pieces had been disabled and there was
PbVvo69NbwQ-00176-00042130-00042419 no ammunition as a consequence the main
PbVvo69NbwQ-00177-00042420-00042620 resistance was offered by Jean d'Armes
PbVvo69NbwQ-00178-00042621-00042956 and small groups of patriots in Duras a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00179-00042957-00043202 force of 500 Albanians including Jean
PbVvo69NbwQ-00180-00043203-00043433 d'Armes and armed volunteers led by
PbVvo69NbwQ-00181-00043434-00043646 major Abbas coupie the commander of the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00182-00043647-00043892 gender marian Duras and mu jo alkyne aku
PbVvo69NbwQ-00183-00043893-00044081 a naval sergeant tried to halt the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00184-00044082-00044390 Italian advance equipped with small arms
PbVvo69NbwQ-00185-00044391-00044600 and three machine guns and supported by
PbVvo69NbwQ-00186-00044601-00044831 a coastal battery the defenders resisted
PbVvo69NbwQ-00187-00044832-00045023 for a few hours before being overcome
PbVvo69NbwQ-00188-00045024-00045269 with the help of naval gunfire the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00189-00045270-00045467 Albanian Navy stationed in Duras
PbVvo69NbwQ-00190-00045468-00045674 consisted of four patrol boats each
PbVvo69NbwQ-00191-00045675-00045879 armed with a machine gun and a coastal
PbVvo69NbwQ-00192-00045880-00046160 battery with 475 millimeters guns the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00193-00046161-00046323 latter also being involved in the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00194-00046324-00046619 fighting mu Jo alkeine aku the commander
PbVvo69NbwQ-00195-00046620-00046808 of the patrol boat terrain used his
PbVvo69NbwQ-00196-00046809-00046979 machine gun to kill and wound many
PbVvo69NbwQ-00197-00046980-00047171 Italian troops until himself being
PbVvo69NbwQ-00198-00047172-00047348 killed by an artillery shell from an
PbVvo69NbwQ-00199-00047349-00047639 Italian warship eventually a large
PbVvo69NbwQ-00200-00047640-00047840 number of light tanks were unloaded from
PbVvo69NbwQ-00201-00047841-00048140 the Italian ships after that resistance
PbVvo69NbwQ-00202-00048141-00048338 began to crumble and within five hours
PbVvo69NbwQ-00203-00048339-00048493 the Italians had captured
PbVvo69NbwQ-00204-00048494-00048745 City by 1:30 p.m. on the first day all
PbVvo69NbwQ-00205-00048746-00048979 Albanian ports were in Italian hands
PbVvo69NbwQ-00206-00048980-00049282 that same day King Zog his wife Queen
PbVvo69NbwQ-00207-00049283-00049483 Geraldine a pony and their infant son
PbVvo69NbwQ-00208-00049484-00049687 lekha fled to Greece taking with them
PbVvo69NbwQ-00209-00049688-00049831 part of the gold reserves of the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00210-00049832-00050098 Albanian central bank on hearing the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00211-00050099-00050314 news an angry mob attacked the prison's
PbVvo69NbwQ-00212-00050315-00050506 liberated the prisoners and sacked the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00213-00050507-00050812 Kings residence at 9:30 a.m. on April
PbVvo69NbwQ-00214-00050813-00051055 8th Italian troops entered Tyrande and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00215-00051056-00051211 quickly captured all government
PbVvo69NbwQ-00216-00051212-00051495 buildings Italian columns of soldiers
PbVvo69NbwQ-00217-00051496-00051738 then marched to shkoder fear and Elbasan
PbVvo69NbwQ-00218-00051739-00051973 shkoder surrendered in the evening after
PbVvo69NbwQ-00219-00051974-00052215 12 hours of fighting however two
PbVvo69NbwQ-00220-00052216-00052438 officers garrisoned at rosa castle
PbVvo69NbwQ-00221-00052439-00052651 refused to obey the ceasefire order and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00222-00052652-00052810 continued to fight until they ran out of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00223-00052811-00052882 ammunition
PbVvo69NbwQ-00224-00052883-00053154 the Italian troops later paid homage to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00225-00053155-00053365 the Albanian troops in scoter who had
PbVvo69NbwQ-00226-00053366-00053541 halted their advance for an entire day
PbVvo69NbwQ-00227-00053541-00053815 during the Italian advance in shkodër
PbVvo69NbwQ-00228-00053816-00053986 the mob besieged the prison and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00229-00053987-00054216 liberated some 200 prisoners the number
PbVvo69NbwQ-00230-00054217-00054391 of casualties in these battles is
PbVvo69NbwQ-00231-00054391-00054666 disputed Italian military propaganda
PbVvo69NbwQ-00232-00054667-00054958 stated that at Duras 25 Italians were
PbVvo69NbwQ-00233-00054959-00055191 killed in 97 wounded while the local
PbVvo69NbwQ-00234-00055192-00055414 townspeople claimed that 400 Italians
PbVvo69NbwQ-00235-00055415-00055702 were killed casualties for the Albanians
PbVvo69NbwQ-00236-00055703-00055936 were given as 160 dead and several
PbVvo69NbwQ-00237-00055937-00056176 hundreds wounded the italians
PbVvo69NbwQ-00238-00056177-00056359 immediately carried away the bodies of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00239-00056360-00056512 their dead and washed blood from the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00240-00056513-00056689 streets and harbours of Duras to cover
PbVvo69NbwQ-00241-00056690-00056889 up the number of their casualties on
PbVvo69NbwQ-00242-00056890-00057196 April 12th the Albanian Parliament voted
PbVvo69NbwQ-00243-00057197-00057400 to depose Zog and unite the nation with
PbVvo69NbwQ-00244-00057401-00057705 Italy in personal union by offering the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00245-00057707-00057901 Albanian crown to Italy's King Victor
PbVvo69NbwQ-00246-00057902-00058159 Emmanuel the third the parliament
PbVvo69NbwQ-00247-00058160-00058351 elected albania's largest landowner
PbVvo69NbwQ-00248-00058352-00058699 chekov real AC as prime minister burl a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00249-00058700-00058873 sieve served as interim head of state
PbVvo69NbwQ-00250-00058874-00059077 for five days until Victor Emmanuel the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00251-00059078-00059287 third formally accepted the Albanian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00252-00059288-00059479 crown in a ceremony at the Curie nolle
PbVvo69NbwQ-00253-00059479-00059773 palace in Rome Victor Emmanuel the third
PbVvo69NbwQ-00254-00059774-00060022 appointed Francesco Giacomo need s an
PbVvo69NbwQ-00255-00060023-00060307 Savino a former ambassador to Albania to
PbVvo69NbwQ-00256-00060308-00060562 represent him in Albania as Lieutenant
PbVvo69NbwQ-00257-00060563-00060823 General of the king effectively a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00258-00060824-00060994 Viceroy
PbVvo69NbwQ-00259-00060995-00061194 in general the Italian invasion was
PbVvo69NbwQ-00260-00061195-00061411 poorly planned badly executed and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00261-00061412-00061587 succeeded only because Albanian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00262-00061588-00061875 resistance was too weak as Filippo and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00263-00061876-00061921 Fuzhou
PbVvo69NbwQ-00264-00061922-00062075 count chiana's chief assistant
PbVvo69NbwQ-00265-00062076-00062497 sarcastically commenced less than pre
PbVvo69NbwQ-00266-00062498-00062694 greater than slash pre greater than
PbVvo69NbwQ-00267-00062695-00062943 dot-dot-dot if only the Albanians had
PbVvo69NbwQ-00268-00062944-00063178 possessed a well-armed fire brigade they
PbVvo69NbwQ-00269-00063179-00063944 could have driven us into the Adriatic
PbVvo69NbwQ-00270-00063945-00064454 topic aftermath
PbVvo69NbwQ-00271-00064455-00064851 on April 15 1939 Albania withdrew from
PbVvo69NbwQ-00272-00064852-00065037 the League of Nations from which Italy
PbVvo69NbwQ-00273-00065038-00065421 had resigned in 1937 On June 3rd 1939
PbVvo69NbwQ-00274-00065422-00065697 the Albanian Foreign Ministry was merged
PbVvo69NbwQ-00275-00065698-00065907 into the italian Foreign Ministry and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00276-00065908-00066159 the Albanian Foreign Minister XML Dino
PbVvo69NbwQ-00277-00066160-00066330 was given the rank of an Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00278-00066331-00066615 ambassador upon the capture of Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00279-00066616-00066786 Italian dictator Benito Mussolini
PbVvo69NbwQ-00280-00066787-00067029 declared the official creation of the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00281-00067030-00067245 Italian Empire and the figurehead King
PbVvo69NbwQ-00282-00067246-00067431 Victor Emmanuel the third was crowned
PbVvo69NbwQ-00283-00067432-00067629 king of the Albanians in addition to his
PbVvo69NbwQ-00284-00067630-00067839 title of Emperor of Ethiopia which had
PbVvo69NbwQ-00285-00067840-00068094 been occupied three years before the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00286-00068095-00068282 Albanian military was placed under
PbVvo69NbwQ-00287-00068283-00068507 Italian command and formally merged into
PbVvo69NbwQ-00288-00068508-00068750 the Italian Army in 1940
PbVvo69NbwQ-00289-00068751-00068988 additionally the Italian black shirts
PbVvo69NbwQ-00290-00068989-00069201 formed four legions of Albanian militia
PbVvo69NbwQ-00291-00069202-00069401 initially recruited from Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00292-00069402-00069615 colonists living in Albania but later
PbVvo69NbwQ-00293-00069616-00069891 from ethnic Albanians upon the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00294-00069892-00070122 occupation of Albania and installation
PbVvo69NbwQ-00295-00070123-00070307 of a new government the economies of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00296-00070308-00070491 Albania and Italy were connected through
PbVvo69NbwQ-00297-00070492-00070689 a customs union that resulted in the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00298-00070690-00070865 removal of most trade restrictions
PbVvo69NbwQ-00299-00070866-00071127 through a tariff union the Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00300-00071128-00071282 tariff system was put in place in
PbVvo69NbwQ-00301-00071283-00071544 Albania due to the expected economic
PbVvo69NbwQ-00302-00071545-00071814 losses in Albania from the alteration in
PbVvo69NbwQ-00303-00071815-00071997 tariff policy the Italian government
PbVvo69NbwQ-00304-00071998-00072273 provided Albania 15 million Albanian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00305-00072274-00072573 Lexx each year in compensation Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00306-00072574-00072798 customs laws were to apply in Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00307-00072799-00072981 and only Italy alone could conclude
PbVvo69NbwQ-00308-00072982-00073254 treaties with third parties Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00309-00073255-00073422 capital was allowed to dominate the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00310-00073423-00073716 Albanian economy as a result Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00311-00073717-00073836 companies were allowed to hold
PbVvo69NbwQ-00312-00073837-00074028 monopolies in the exploitation of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00313-00074029-00074355 Albanian natural resources all petroleum
PbVvo69NbwQ-00314-00074356-00074580 resources in Albania went through a gap
PbVvo69NbwQ-00315-00074581-00074835 Italy State Petroleum Company Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00316-00074836-00075044 followed Italy into war against Britain
PbVvo69NbwQ-00317-00075045-00075390 and France on June 10 1940 Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00318-00075391-00075564 served as the base for the Italian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00319-00075565-00075831 invasion of Greece in October 1940 and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00320-00075832-00076047 Albanian troops participated in the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00321-00076048-00076203 Greek campaign but they massively
PbVvo69NbwQ-00322-00076204-00076457 deserted the front line the country's
PbVvo69NbwQ-00323-00076458-00076644 southern areas including the cities of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00324-00076645-00076866 Jarek aster and course were temporarily
PbVvo69NbwQ-00325-00076867-00077079 occupied by the Greek army during that
PbVvo69NbwQ-00326-00077080-00077289 campaign but Italy regardless of the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00327-00077290-00077424 fact of not even winning one battle
PbVvo69NbwQ-00328-00077425-00077661 against the Greek army eventually was
PbVvo69NbwQ-00329-00077662-00077826 given charge of Albania due
PbVvo69NbwQ-00330-00077827-00078000 Germany's assistance with its Greek
PbVvo69NbwQ-00331-00078001-00078207 campaign and the subsequent occupation
PbVvo69NbwQ-00332-00078208-00078501 of Greece by the German army Albania was
PbVvo69NbwQ-00333-00078502-00078777 enlarged in May 1941 by the annexation
PbVvo69NbwQ-00334-00078778-00079029 of Kosovo and parts of Montenegro in the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00335-00079030-00079263 Vardar banovina going a long way towards
PbVvo69NbwQ-00336-00079264-00079461 realizing nationalistic claims for a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00337-00079462-00079770 greater albania part of the western
PbVvo69NbwQ-00338-00079771-00080013 coast of a Pyrus called samaria was also
PbVvo69NbwQ-00339-00080014-00080214 annexed and put under an Albanian High
PbVvo69NbwQ-00340-00080215-00080403 Commissioner who exercised nominal
PbVvo69NbwQ-00341-00080404-00080697 control over it when Italy left the axis
PbVvo69NbwQ-00342-00080698-00080964 in September 1943 German troops
PbVvo69NbwQ-00343-00080965-00081183 immediately occupied Albania after a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00344-00081184-00081390 short campaign with relatively strong
PbVvo69NbwQ-00345-00081391-00081576 resistance during the second world war
PbVvo69NbwQ-00346-00081577-00081825 the Albanian partisans including some
PbVvo69NbwQ-00347-00081826-00082032 sporadic Albanian nationalist groups
PbVvo69NbwQ-00348-00082033-00082206 thought against the Italians after
PbVvo69NbwQ-00349-00082207-00082518 autumn 1942 and subsequently the Germans
PbVvo69NbwQ-00350-00082519-00082857 by October 1944 the Germans had
PbVvo69NbwQ-00351-00082858-00083034 withdrawn from the southern Balkans in
PbVvo69NbwQ-00352-00083035-00083256 response to military defeats by the Red
PbVvo69NbwQ-00353-00083257-00083454 Army the collapse of Romania and the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00354-00083455-00083709 imminent fall of Bulgaria after the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00355-00083710-00083925 Germans left due to the rapid advance of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00356-00083926-00084174 Albanian communist forces the Albanian
PbVvo69NbwQ-00357-00084175-00084396 partisans crushed nationalist resistance
PbVvo69NbwQ-00358-00084397-00084591 and the leader of the Albanian Communist
PbVvo69NbwQ-00359-00084592-00084819 Party in vir hoja became the leader of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00360-00084820-00085381 the country
PbVvo69NbwQ-00361-00085382-00085962 topic cultural references
PbVvo69NbwQ-00362-00085963-00086205 the events surrounding the Italian and X
PbVvo69NbwQ-00363-00086206-00086391 Asian of Albania formed part of the
PbVvo69NbwQ-00364-00086392-00086588 inspiration for the eighth volume of The
PbVvo69NbwQ-00365-00086589-00086813 Adventures of Tintin comics titled king
PbVvo69NbwQ-00366-00086814-00087026 ottokar scepter with a plot based on a
PbVvo69NbwQ-00367-00087027-00087249 fictional Balkan country sil davia and
PbVvo69NbwQ-00368-00087250-00087423 uneasy tensions with its larger neighbor
PbVvo69NbwQ-00369-00087424-00087737 borduria the author of the Tintin comics
PbVvo69NbwQ-00370-00087738-00087948 hergé also insisted that his editor
PbVvo69NbwQ-00371-00087949-00088128 published the work to take advantage of
PbVvo69NbwQ-00372-00088129-00088440 current events in 1939 as he felt silly
PbVvo69NbwQ-00373-00088441-00089080 davia as Albania
PbVvo69NbwQ-00374-00089081-00089908 topic see also royal italian army royal
PbVvo69NbwQ-00375-00089909-00090277 albanian army adriatic campaign of World
PbVvo69NbwQ-00376-00090278-00090532 War two
PhnZc4y4ity-00000-00000003-00000323 is from cinema Sean Barie in relation to
PhnZc4y4ity-00001-00000324-00000634 facial recognition the use of facial
PhnZc4y4ity-00002-00000635-00000902 recognition by the Kings Cross central
PhnZc4y4ity-00003-00000902-00001145 limited partnership in the Kings Cross
PhnZc4y4ity-00004-00001146-00001319 development was raised with me last
PhnZc4y4ity-00005-00001320-00001544 month I then wrote to the chief
PhnZc4y4ity-00006-00001545-00001759 executive the chief executive to express
PhnZc4y4ity-00007-00001760-00001984 my concern I also asked that he engaged
PhnZc4y4ity-00008-00001985-00002126 both my deputy mayor for planning
PhnZc4y4ity-00009-00002127-00002396 regeneration and skills Jules pipe as he
PhnZc4y4ity-00010-00002397-00002567 develops the public London Charter and
PhnZc4y4ity-00011-00002568-00002775 the Information Commissioner's Office
PhnZc4y4ity-00012-00002776-00003041 the CEO replied setting up the car
PhnZc4y4ity-00013-00003042-00003272 situation that a previous facial
PhnZc4y4ity-00014-00003272-00003463 recognition system had been in place and
PhnZc4y4ity-00015-00003464-00003674 an operation on site which has been
PhnZc4y4ity-00016-00003675-00003884 replaced but that the Kings Cross
PhnZc4y4ity-00017-00003885-00004085 central limited partnership now has no
PhnZc4y4ity-00018-00004086-00004316 plans to introduce facial recognition on
PhnZc4y4ity-00019-00004317-00004577 the estate at the same time some of our
PhnZc4y4ity-00020-00004578-00004754 very received the written answer to
PhnZc4y4ity-00021-00004755-00004961 emerge question about the exchange of
PhnZc4y4ity-00022-00004962-00005086 images between private sector
PhnZc4y4ity-00023-00005087-00005384 organisations and the Met for use in
PhnZc4y4ity-00024-00005385-00005611 facial recognition this was sent from
PhnZc4y4ity-00025-00005612-00005779 mode pack to the Met for a detailed
PhnZc4y4ity-00026-00005780-00006013 reply and Mopac were assured that no
PhnZc4y4ity-00027-00006014-00006209 such exchange had taken place we now
PhnZc4y4ity-00028-00006210-00006478 know that this information was wrong and
PhnZc4y4ity-00029-00006479-00006644 the Mets have apologized for this a
PhnZc4y4ity-00030-00006645-00006895 local agreement was in place meaning the
PhnZc4y4ity-00031-00006897-00007117 images that means a big one means that
PhnZc4y4ity-00032-00007118-00007384 images were exchanged between 2016 and
PhnZc4y4ity-00033-00007386-00007699 2018 a revised answer was provided to
PhnZc4y4ity-00034-00007700-00007988 Asuma berry on the 4th of September to
PhnZc4y4ity-00035-00007989-00008189 I've asked the Met to assure me that no
PhnZc4y4ity-00036-00008190-00008345 other agreements of this type were or
PhnZc4y4ity-00037-00008346-00008420 are in place
PhnZc4y4ity-00038-00008421-00008666 I expect to receive the report of this
PhnZc4y4ity-00039-00008667-00008891 work later this month the Mets have also
PhnZc4y4ity-00040-00008892-00009116 written to all BCU commanders making it
PhnZc4y4ity-00041-00009117-00009302 clear there should be no local
PhnZc4y4ity-00042-00009303-00009535 agreements on the shown of data or local
PhnZc4y4ity-00043-00009536-00010138 use of life facial recognition
PhnZc4y4ity-00044-00010139-00011153 thank you for the question that's very
PhnZc4y4ity-00045-00011154-00011408 much appreciated my submitted question
PhnZc4y4ity-00046-00011409-00011560 here today I had to plan to have quite a
PhnZc4y4ity-00047-00011561-00011695 wide-ranging discussion with you about
PhnZc4y4ity-00048-00011696-00011881 human rights but I think given what's
PhnZc4y4ity-00049-00011882-00012020 happened this is a bit of case work that
PhnZc4y4ity-00050-00012021-00012263 I should discuss now so my first
PhnZc4y4ity-00051-00012264-00012512 question and I asked this because the
PhnZc4y4ity-00052-00012513-00012649 police and crime Committee discussed
PhnZc4y4ity-00053-00012650-00012847 facial recognition with the map of the
PhnZc4y4ity-00054-00012848-00013019 day before the new information was
PhnZc4y4ity-00055-00013019-00013082 public
PhnZc4y4ity-00056-00013083-00013310 is when did you find out that the answer
PhnZc4y4ity-00057-00013311-00013550 you had given me was wrong straight away
PhnZc4y4ity-00058-00013551-00013691 as soon as I discovered it was wrong I
PhnZc4y4ity-00059-00013691-00013838 wrote you I think the same day literally
PhnZc4y4ity-00060-00013838-00014027 maybe the day afterwards but straight
PhnZc4y4ity-00061-00014028-00014216 away so you found out the day after the
PhnZc4y4ity-00062-00014216-00014438 place I'm coming to see you as well yeah
PhnZc4y4ity-00063-00014438-00014622 we give the exact time I would have been
PhnZc4y4ity-00064-00014624-00014828 as soon as I found out I was trying to
PhnZc4y4ity-00065-00014829-00015080 put any trust with you the exact time
PhnZc4y4ity-00066-00015081-00015230 would means but just to make sure I've
PhnZc4y4ity-00067-00015231-00015491 got the timeline right on that my second
PhnZc4y4ity-00068-00015491-00015737 question is about how I was given the
PhnZc4y4ity-00069-00015738-00015965 wrong answer to my question and I seen
PhnZc4y4ity-00070-00015966-00016280 your office and Mopac have processes and
PhnZc4y4ity-00071-00016281-00016511 inquiry processes to prevent this how
PhnZc4y4ity-00072-00016512-00016736 did this answer fail those checks so
PhnZc4y4ity-00073-00016737-00016874 what happens is the mayor's office or
PhnZc4y4ity-00074-00016875-00017066 police in crime asked the Met Police
PhnZc4y4ity-00075-00017067-00017282 Service for a briefing they provide the
PhnZc4y4ity-00076-00017283-00017459 brief and today's officer please in
PhnZc4y4ity-00077-00017460-00017699 crime they provided to me I think in
PhnZc4y4ity-00078-00017700-00017924 this example what happened was the local
PhnZc4y4ity-00079-00017925-00018251 information taking place between one
PhnZc4y4ity-00080-00018252-00018497 could be see you and in this case Kings
PhnZc4y4ity-00081-00018498-00018782 Cross wasn't passed up to the people who
PhnZc4y4ity-00082-00018783-00018992 passed the information back to the best
PhnZc4y4ity-00083-00018993-00019142 officer police in crime and that's one
PhnZc4y4ity-00084-00019143-00019340 of the reasons why the Met Police
PhnZc4y4ity-00085-00019341-00019613 apologized but also I've asked for a
PhnZc4y4ity-00086-00019614-00019940 report from the MPs and I can't see any
PhnZc4y4ity-00087-00019941-00020090 reason why I want to share that with you
PhnZc4y4ity-00088-00020091-00020222 once I get that report because I think
PhnZc4y4ity-00089-00020223-00020453 what's what's keen and I think this is
PhnZc4y4ity-00090-00020454-00020750 why it's welcome that MPs apology and
PhnZc4y4ity-00091-00020751-00020894 them doing the support that I've asked
PhnZc4y4ity-00092-00020895-00021107 for is if there are any procedures that
PhnZc4y4ity-00093-00021108-00021272 need improvement for example if people
PhnZc4y4ity-00094-00021273-00021401 higher up when I was going on local on
PhnZc4y4ity-00095-00021402-00021644 locally that's a problem but the good
PhnZc4y4ity-00096-00021645-00021917 news is that the the MPs have written to
PhnZc4y4ity-00097-00021918-00022073 all BC use to make sure they're aware
PhnZc4y4ity-00098-00022074-00022343 there should be no sharing of of facial
PhnZc4y4ity-00099-00022344-00022517 recognition with a private contractors
PhnZc4y4ity-00100-00022518-00022733 that's useful to know I mean the fact
PhnZc4y4ity-00101-00022734-00022949 that they are still writing to local
PhnZc4y4ity-00102-00022950-00023183 forces and and your update to me does
PhnZc4y4ity-00103-00023184-00023384 imply there is more to come you've
PhnZc4y4ity-00104-00023385-00023528 promised a further update - I think you
PhnZc4y4ity-00105-00023529-00023657 need to find out I think it's true we
PhnZc4y4ity-00106-00023658-00023834 don't know but I wouldn't reassurance as
PhnZc4y4ity-00107-00023835-00024035 I'm sure Londoners do as well can you
PhnZc4y4ity-00108-00024036-00024176 confirm the answer to my question is
PhnZc4y4ity-00109-00024177-00024308 still incomplete and you'll provide
PhnZc4y4ity-00110-00024309-00024536 further updates on the question as well
PhnZc4y4ity-00111-00024537-00024749 the answer to your question is accurate
PhnZc4y4ity-00112-00024750-00024896 at the time of writing but it may well
PhnZc4y4ity-00113-00024897-00025079 change as we get more information from
PhnZc4y4ity-00114-00025080-00025196 the report of Arsenal from the red
PhnZc4y4ity-00115-00025197-00025352 Police Service okay just make sure full
PhnZc4y4ity-00116-00025353-00025536 answer is on the database in the end
PhnZc4y4ity-00117-00025537-00025800 would be celibate so I make sure I'm
PhnZc4y4ity-00118-00025801-00026021 happy chair if they're interested to
PhnZc4y4ity-00119-00026022-00026258 copy in the Sena members could I
PhnZc4y4ity-00120-00026260-00026396 appreciate London ace will be concerned
PhnZc4y4ity-00121-00026397-00026592 about how the public realm is dealt with
PhnZc4y4ity-00122-00026593-00026829 absolutely so far in your investigations
PhnZc4y4ity-00123-00026830-00026987 do you know of any further incidences
PhnZc4y4ity-00124-00026988-00027186 that the mat has uncovered just to be
PhnZc4y4ity-00125-00027187-00027336 clear there's no investigation for me
PhnZc4y4ity-00126-00027337-00027486 I've asked the NPS floor report in
PhnZc4y4ity-00127-00027487-00027675 relation to what went wrong on what's
PhnZc4y4ity-00128-00027676-00027818 going on and they'll provide the report
PhnZc4y4ity-00129-00027819-00028101 wants to get the report from the NPS as
PhnZc4y4ity-00130-00028102-00028277 I said I can't see a reason why they
PhnZc4y4ity-00131-00028279-00028437 shouldn't be shared with members of the
PhnZc4y4ity-00132-00028438-00028692 assembly in respect of Kings Cross in
PhnZc4y4ity-00133-00028693-00028833 response to the BBC the British
PhnZc4y4ity-00134-00028833-00029067 Transport Police say they handed over a
PhnZc4y4ity-00135-00029068-00029235 watchlist relating to crime and
PhnZc4y4ity-00136-00029236-00029546 anti-social behavior which we assume
PhnZc4y4ity-00137-00029547-00029886 means persistent begging I suspect this
PhnZc4y4ity-00138-00029887-00030071 is the same case for the Met so can you
PhnZc4y4ity-00139-00030072-00030276 tell me what kinds of people were on the
PhnZc4y4ity-00140-00030277-00030387 watch list that was supplied to
PhnZc4y4ity-00141-00030388-00030600 Argentina I simply don't know that's why
PhnZc4y4ity-00142-00030601-00030746 we that's one of the things I've asked
PhnZc4y4ity-00143-00030747-00031110 for I mean the the the chronology is I
PhnZc4y4ity-00144-00031111-00031407 responded to the question and then
PhnZc4y4ity-00145-00031408-00031557 subsequently was told about happening
PhnZc4y4ity-00146-00031558-00031727 which said there'd be no showing I
PhnZc4y4ity-00147-00031728-00031920 certainly told there actually may have
PhnZc4y4ity-00148-00031920-00032085 been showing which is why I corrected
PhnZc4y4ity-00149-00032086-00032256 the answer to you and apologized and
PhnZc4y4ity-00150-00032257-00032427 asked for a report once I put the report
PhnZc4y4ity-00151-00032427-00032685 I'll be able to tell you know the
PhnZc4y4ity-00152-00032686-00032745 substance
PhnZc4y4ity-00153-00032745-00033065 I suspect just just looking in from out
PhnZc4y4ity-00154-00033066-00033261 it was probably crime French and advice
PhnZc4y4ity-00155-00033262-00033417 but I just don't know okay I mean I
PhnZc4y4ity-00156-00033418-00033564 asked this because I mean we know that
PhnZc4y4ity-00157-00033565-00033746 the public only ever supports the use of
PhnZc4y4ity-00158-00033747-00033957 facial recognition in limited
PhnZc4y4ity-00159-00033958-00034173 circumstances and only for serious
PhnZc4y4ity-00160-00034174-00034493 crimes and begging and being homeless is
PhnZc4y4ity-00161-00034494-00034827 not a serious crime wasn't a session the
PhnZc4y4ity-00162-00034828-00035027 position is I mean the pod needs to be
PhnZc4y4ity-00163-00035028-00035151 considered
PhnZc4y4ity-00164-00035152-00035301 my view is very simple that the two
PhnZc4y4ity-00165-00035302-00035610 biggest objections would be probably not
PhnZc4y4ity-00166-00035611-00035754 given consent and there's informed
PhnZc4y4ity-00167-00035755-00035970 consent and is expressed concern and
PhnZc4y4ity-00168-00035971-00036036 secondly
PhnZc4y4ity-00169-00036037-00036330 what happens to the database those are
PhnZc4y4ity-00170-00036331-00036521 the two biggest issues you'll be wearing
PhnZc4y4ity-00171-00036522-00036681 a separate legal case taking place and
PhnZc4y4ity-00172-00036682-00036864 is going to be a pill taking place there
PhnZc4y4ity-00173-00036865-00036983 are other issues about the lack of
PhnZc4y4ity-00174-00036984-00037230 regulation the technology advancing
PhnZc4y4ity-00175-00037231-00037418 there's other concerns about the use of
PhnZc4y4ity-00176-00037419-00037568 this by the private sector there's other
PhnZc4y4ity-00177-00037569-00037749 concerns about how the public rome is
PhnZc4y4ity-00178-00037750-00037958 policed inverted commas small P by
PhnZc4y4ity-00179-00037959-00038168 private developers and that's one of the
PhnZc4y4ity-00180-00038169-00038439 reasons why for the first time we have a
PhnZc4y4ity-00181-00038440-00038570 situation where City Hall through the
PhnZc4y4ity-00182-00038571-00038694 deputy mayor for planning was looking
PhnZc4y4ity-00183-00038695-00039225 into a public important um this kind of
PhnZc4y4ity-00184-00039226-00039393 local inconsistency within the police in
PhnZc4y4ity-00185-00039394-00039521 terms of data showering it's also
PhnZc4y4ity-00186-00039522-00039732 something we saw with the gangs matrix
PhnZc4y4ity-00187-00039733-00039989 and my real concern here and why I take
PhnZc4y4ity-00188-00039990-00040218 off my original question is whether you
PhnZc4y4ity-00189-00040219-00040443 and mopac are being proactive enough
PhnZc4y4ity-00190-00040444-00040644 than curious enough and getting ahead of
PhnZc4y4ity-00191-00040645-00040817 these kinds of human rights issues
PhnZc4y4ity-00192-00040818-00041154 before them at stumbles into making
PhnZc4y4ity-00193-00041155-00041394 mistakes like this I mean it was my MP
PhnZc4y4ity-00194-00041395-00041558 that drew this out but isn't it a
PhnZc4y4ity-00195-00041559-00041696 question you should have been asking
PhnZc4y4ity-00196-00041697-00041883 well to be fair we've been lobbying the
PhnZc4y4ity-00197-00041884-00042081 government some time now one of concerns
PhnZc4y4ity-00198-00042082-00042231 both the Commissioner this is in terms
PhnZc4y4ity-00199-00042232-00042405 of what the Met is doing both in terms
PhnZc4y4ity-00200-00042406-00042633 of the Commissioner and also in terms of
PhnZc4y4ity-00201-00042634-00042804 detection of recent crime and myself is
PhnZc4y4ity-00202-00042805-00043040 he's lobbying the government to keep
PhnZc4y4ity-00203-00043041-00043218 abreast with the advances taking place
PhnZc4y4ity-00204-00043219-00043494 in technology that is a fact many of us
PhnZc4y4ity-00205-00043495-00043658 who have mobile phones of a certain type
PhnZc4y4ity-00206-00043659-00043808 use facial recognition in relation to
PhnZc4y4ity-00207-00043809-00044037 unlock in our phone we give consent to
PhnZc4y4ity-00208-00044038-00044090 do so
PhnZc4y4ity-00209-00044091-00044292 so the technology's there and the
PhnZc4y4ity-00210-00044293-00044529 lobbying from the government login to
PhnZc4y4ity-00211-00044530-00044706 the government firm the police has been
PhnZc4y4ity-00212-00044707-00044921 we need regulation to let us know how we
PhnZc4y4ity-00213-00044922-00045105 should be using this and in the absence
PhnZc4y4ity-00214-00045106-00045339 of regulation and what the case when in
PhnZc4y4ity-00215-00045340-00045495 London unlike other police forces of
PhnZc4y4ity-00216-00045496-00045746 pilots informing the public these policy
PhnZc4y4ity-00217-00045747-00045902 taking place whether it's not Carnival
PhnZc4y4ity-00218-00045903-00046104 whether it's outside the Senate after in
PhnZc4y4ity-00219-00046105-00046283 Remembrance Day so the public aware it
PhnZc4y4ity-00220-00046284-00046461 is and making sure they test the pilots
PhnZc4y4ity-00221-00046462-00046652 and not just running itself so that's
PhnZc4y4ity-00222-00046653-00046785 the appropriate weight very pleased
PhnZc4y4ity-00223-00046786-00046970 service to behave but I think the key
PhnZc4y4ity-00224-00046971-00047183 shoes for the government to pass the
PhnZc4y4ity-00225-00047184-00047396 regulation and change laws because the
PhnZc4y4ity-00226-00047397-00047874 number of Commissioners but I'm I'm
PhnZc4y4ity-00227-00047875-00048045 looking forward to your further update
PhnZc4y4ity-00228-00048046-00048474 to my written question and thank you
PijNi7LCGdk-00000-00000026-00000437 Marc Edwards born 1964 is a civil
PijNi7LCGdk-00001-00000438-00000686 engineering environmental engineer and
PijNi7LCGdk-00002-00000687-00000893 the Charles Pilon spurred professor of
PijNi7LCGdk-00003-00000894-00001108 civil and environmental engineering at
PijNi7LCGdk-00004-00001109-00001424 Virginia Tech an expert on water
PijNi7LCGdk-00005-00001425-00001648 treatment and corrosion Edwards is
PijNi7LCGdk-00006-00001650-00001885 research on elevated lead levels in
PijNi7LCGdk-00007-00001886-00002171 Washington DC's municipal water supply
PijNi7LCGdk-00008-00002172-00002417 gained national attention changed the
PijNi7LCGdk-00009-00002418-00002663 city's recommendations on water use in
PijNi7LCGdk-00010-00002664-00002900 homes with lead service pipes and caused
PijNi7LCGdk-00011-00002901-00003076 the Centers for Disease Control and
PijNi7LCGdk-00012-00003077-00003302 Prevention to admit to publishing a
PijNi7LCGdk-00013-00003303-00003497 report so rife with errors that a
PijNi7LCGdk-00014-00003497-00003751 congressional investigation called it
PijNi7LCGdk-00015-00003752-00004072 scientifically indefensible he is
PijNi7LCGdk-00016-00004073-00004256 considered one of the world's leading
PijNi7LCGdk-00017-00004257-00004486 experts in water corrosion in home
PijNi7LCGdk-00018-00004487-00004697 plumbing and a nationally recognized
PijNi7LCGdk-00019-00004698-00005020 expert on copper corrosion he is also
PijNi7LCGdk-00020-00005021-00005227 one of the whistleblowers in the Flint
PijNi7LCGdk-00021-00005228-00005461 water crisis along with dr. mona
PijNi7LCGdk-00022-00005462-00005788 hanna-attisha edwards was named a
PijNi7LCGdk-00023-00005789-00006136 MacArthur Fellow in 2007 the program
PijNi7LCGdk-00024-00006137-00006442 cited him for playing a vital role in
PijNi7LCGdk-00025-00006443-00006667 ensuring the safety of drinking water
PijNi7LCGdk-00026-00006668-00006931 and in exposing deteriorating water
PijNi7LCGdk-00027-00006933-00007189 delivery infrastructure in America's
PijNi7LCGdk-00028-00007190-00007403 largest cities
PijNi7LCGdk-00029-00007404-00007776 in 2004 Time magazine featured him as
PijNi7LCGdk-00030-00007777-00008009 one of the United States most innovative
PijNi7LCGdk-00031-00008010-00008184 scientists
PijNi7LCGdk-00032-00008184-00008613 you
PijNi7LCGdk-00033-00008614-00009168 topic biography
PijNi7LCGdk-00034-00009169-00009423 Edwards a native of the Buffalo New York
PijNi7LCGdk-00035-00009424-00009642 area received a Bachelor of Science
PijNi7LCGdk-00036-00009643-00009900 degree in biophysics from the State
PijNi7LCGdk-00037-00009901-00010143 University of New York at Buffalo in
PijNi7LCGdk-00038-00010144-00010518 1986 he received his Master of Science
PijNi7LCGdk-00039-00010519-00010905 in 1988 and his PhD in engineering in
PijNi7LCGdk-00040-00010906-00011214 1991 from the University of Washington
PijNi7LCGdk-00041-00011215-00011412 Edwards taught at the University of
PijNi7LCGdk-00042-00011413-00011826 Colorado at Boulder in 1997 he joined
PijNi7LCGdk-00043-00011827-00012018 the faculty of Virginia Tech's
PijNi7LCGdk-00044-00012019-00012189 department of civil and environmental
PijNi7LCGdk-00045-00012190-00012693 engineering from 2001 to 2005 he served
PijNi7LCGdk-00046-00012694-00012894 as president of the board of directors
PijNi7LCGdk-00047-00012894-00013113 for the association of environmental
PijNi7LCGdk-00048-00013113-00013425 engineering and science professors he
PijNi7LCGdk-00049-00013426-00013626 delivered Virginia Tech's graduate
PijNi7LCGdk-00050-00013627-00013847 school commencement address on December
PijNi7LCGdk-00051-00013849-00014187 19 2008 he lives with his wife Jui
PijNi7LCGdk-00052-00014188-00014438 laying and two children Ethan and Aileen
PijNi7LCGdk-00053-00014440-00014674 in Blacksburg Virginia
PijNi7LCGdk-00054-00014675-00015105 you
PijNi7LCGdk-00055-00015106-00015502 topic lead levels in Washington DC water
PijNi7LCGdk-00056-00015503-00015932 supply
PijNi7LCGdk-00057-00015933-00016204 edwardses research in the mid-1990s
PijNi7LCGdk-00058-00016205-00016466 focused on an increasing incidence of
PijNi7LCGdk-00059-00016467-00016744 pinhole leaks in copper water pipes
PijNi7LCGdk-00060-00016745-00017009 homeowners contacted him about the leaks
PijNi7LCGdk-00061-00017010-00017252 some of which were occurring 18 months
PijNi7LCGdk-00062-00017253-00017555 after installation after a century of
PijNi7LCGdk-00063-00017556-00017780 using copper for water pipes the
PijNi7LCGdk-00064-00017781-00017987 expectation is that they will last for
PijNi7LCGdk-00065-00017988-00018347 50 years in residential applications the
PijNi7LCGdk-00066-00018348-00018554 District of Columbia Water and Sewer
PijNi7LCGdk-00067-00018555-00018629 Authority
PijNi7LCGdk-00068-00018630-00018890 whassa funded Edwards's research into
PijNi7LCGdk-00069-00018891-00019076 the cause of the leaks a group of
PijNi7LCGdk-00070-00019077-00019334 Washington DC homeowners asked Edwards
PijNi7LCGdk-00071-00019335-00019556 to investigate their corroding copper
PijNi7LCGdk-00072-00019557-00019931 pipes in March 2003 suspecting the water
PijNi7LCGdk-00073-00019932-00020237 he tested for lead the accepted limit
PijNi7LCGdk-00074-00020238-00020510 for lead in drinking water as 15 parts
PijNi7LCGdk-00075-00020511-00020900 per billion ppb Edwards's meter which
PijNi7LCGdk-00076-00020901-00021272 could read values up to 140 ppb showed
PijNi7LCGdk-00077-00021273-00021488 off the scale readings even after he had
PijNi7LCGdk-00078-00021489-00021722 diluted the sample to 10 percent of its
PijNi7LCGdk-00079-00021723-00022034 original strength the water contained at
PijNi7LCGdk-00080-00022035-00022505 least 1,250 ppb of lead some of it would
PijNi7LCGdk-00081-00022506-00022733 literally have to be classified as a
PijNi7LCGdk-00082-00022734-00023122 hazardous waste he said at the time
PijNi7LCGdk-00083-00023123-00023366 whassa recommended that customers in
PijNi7LCGdk-00084-00023367-00023585 areas served by lead pipes allow the
PijNi7LCGdk-00085-00023586-00023825 water to run for 30 seconds to one
PijNi7LCGdk-00086-00023826-00024152 minute as a precaution Edwards as tests
PijNi7LCGdk-00087-00024153-00024326 showed that the highest lead levels
PijNi7LCGdk-00088-00024327-00024557 occurred 30 seconds to a few minutes
PijNi7LCGdk-00089-00024558-00024788 after the tap was opened when edwards
PijNi7LCGdk-00090-00024789-00025058 brought his concerns to Wassa the agency
PijNi7LCGdk-00091-00025059-00025289 threatened to withhold future monitoring
PijNi7LCGdk-00092-00025290-00025484 data and research funding from him
PijNi7LCGdk-00093-00025485-00025655 unless he stopped working with the
PijNi7LCGdk-00094-00025656-00025918 homeowners the Environmental Protection
PijNi7LCGdk-00095-00025919-00026300 Agency EPA discontinued its subcontract
PijNi7LCGdk-00096-00026301-00026558 with him with his funding cut off
PijNi7LCGdk-00097-00026558-00026801 edwards paid his engineering students
PijNi7LCGdk-00098-00026802-00026989 out of his own pocket so that they could
PijNi7LCGdk-00099-00026991-00027167 continue the research after the
PijNi7LCGdk-00100-00027168-00027410 Washington Post ran front-page stories
PijNi7LCGdk-00101-00027411-00027722 in January 2004 about the problem a
PijNi7LCGdk-00102-00027723-00027939 congressional hearing was held in March
PijNi7LCGdk-00103-00027941-00028313 2004 where Edwards testified at the
PijNi7LCGdk-00104-00028314-00028547 hearing Edwards identified the cause of
PijNi7LCGdk-00105-00028548-00028736 the readings as chloramine a
PijNi7LCGdk-00106-00028737-00028958 disinfecting chemical that had replaced
PijNi7LCGdk-00107-00028958-00029311 chlorine in the water supply in March 2
PijNi7LCGdk-00108-00029312-00029612 chloramine treated water he said picks
PijNi7LCGdk-00109-00029613-00029837 up lead from pipes and solder and does
PijNi7LCGdk-00110-00029838-00030060 not release it resulting in elevated
PijNi7LCGdk-00111-00030061-00030371 levels chloramine also doesn't break
PijNi7LCGdk-00112-00030372-00030651 down over time as chlorine does so there
PijNi7LCGdk-00113-00030652-00030860 is always some in the water system
PijNi7LCGdk-00114-00030861-00031220 Edwards also testified that wasa s
PijNi7LCGdk-00115-00031222-00031449 attempts to replace lead pipes with
PijNi7LCGdk-00116-00031450-00031646 copper pipes could exacerbate the
PijNi7LCGdk-00117-00031647-00031862 problem because the copper increases
PijNi7LCGdk-00118-00031863-00032087 corrosion of the old lead following the
PijNi7LCGdk-00119-00032088-00032318 discontinuation of chloramine treatment
PijNi7LCGdk-00120-00032319-00032598 in 2004 edwards and his colleagues
PijNi7LCGdk-00121-00032599-00032826 continued to study the long-term effects
PijNi7LCGdk-00122-00032827-00033054 of the elevated water lead levels their
PijNi7LCGdk-00123-00033055-00033336 article elevated blood led in young
PijNi7LCGdk-00124-00033337-00033549 children due to lead contaminated
PijNi7LCGdk-00125-00033550-00033899 drinking water published in the journal
PijNi7LCGdk-00126-00033900-00034182 Environmental Science and Technology one
PijNi7LCGdk-00127-00034183-00034421 that publications Editors Choice Award
PijNi7LCGdk-00128-00034422-00034689 for the best science paper of 2009
PijNi7LCGdk-00129-00034690-00034920 referring to a study by the Centers for
PijNi7LCGdk-00130-00034921-00035255 Disease Control and Prevention CDC that
PijNi7LCGdk-00131-00035256-00035471 essentially dismissed the idea of health
PijNi7LCGdk-00132-00035472-00035754 risks from DC's lead contaminated water
PijNi7LCGdk-00133-00035755-00036074 Edwards wrote to James Stevens the CDC's
PijNi7LCGdk-00134-00036075-00036380 associate director of science why is it
PijNi7LCGdk-00135-00036381-00036590 that every child I have personal
PijNi7LCGdk-00136-00036591-00036827 knowledge of who had a strong chance of
PijNi7LCGdk-00137-00036828-00037098 having elevated blood lead from water is
PijNi7LCGdk-00138-00037099-00037318 either deleted or otherwise
PijNi7LCGdk-00139-00037319-00037620 misrepresented in the data that CDC has
PijNi7LCGdk-00140-00037621-00038030 in used for this publication Edwards did
PijNi7LCGdk-00141-00038031-00038327 not receive a response until March 2008
PijNi7LCGdk-00142-00038328-00038607 when Stevens wrote we have examined
PijNi7LCGdk-00143-00038608-00038915 CDC's role in the study and have found
PijNi7LCGdk-00144-00038916-00039198 no evidence of misconduct
PijNi7LCGdk-00145-00039199-00039471 as a result of Edwards's research the
PijNi7LCGdk-00146-00039472-00039650 United States House of Representatives
PijNi7LCGdk-00147-00039651-00039903 Science and Technology Subcommittee
PijNi7LCGdk-00148-00039904-00040146 conducted a congressional investigation
PijNi7LCGdk-00149-00040147-00040425 into the matter they concluded that the
PijNi7LCGdk-00150-00040426-00040772 CDC made scientifically indefensible
PijNi7LCGdk-00151-00040773-00041085 claims that the lead levels in DC were
PijNi7LCGdk-00152-00041086-00041337 not harmful knowingly using flawed data
PijNi7LCGdk-00153-00041338-00041670 in the wake of the investigation Edwards
PijNi7LCGdk-00154-00041671-00041925 called for the CDC papers senior author
PijNi7LCGdk-00155-00041926-00042255 to resign the day after the House report
PijNi7LCGdk-00156-00042256-00042531 was released the CDC released a public
PijNi7LCGdk-00157-00042532-00042746 statement admitting to their errors
PijNi7LCGdk-00158-00042747-00043068 James elder former national director of
PijNi7LCGdk-00159-00043069-00043284 groundwater and drinking water for the
PijNi7LCGdk-00160-00043285-00043635 EPA said had Edwards not gotten involved
PijNi7LCGdk-00161-00043636-00043945 this would never have come out
PijNi7LCGdk-00162-00043946-00044359 in 2010 the CDC said that 15,000 homes
PijNi7LCGdk-00163-00044360-00044602 in the DC area might still have water
PijNi7LCGdk-00164-00044603-00044874 supplies with dangerous levels of lead
PijNi7LCGdk-00165-00044875-00045157 following Edwards's recommendation the
PijNi7LCGdk-00166-00045158-00045448 DC water authority now warns homeowners
PijNi7LCGdk-00167-00045449-00045691 with lead water supply lines to let the
PijNi7LCGdk-00168-00045692-00045931 tap run for 10 minutes before drinking
PijNi7LCGdk-00169-00045932-00046126 or cooking during his work on the
PijNi7LCGdk-00170-00046127-00046378 Washington water quality said bill knock
PijNi7LCGdk-00171-00046379-00046585 head of Virginia Tech's civil and
PijNi7LCGdk-00172-00046586-00046749 environmental engineering department
PijNi7LCGdk-00173-00046750-00046999 Edwards was so concerned about the
PijNi7LCGdk-00174-00047000-00047176 public health impact that he was
PijNi7LCGdk-00175-00047177-00047450 hospitalized due to the stress
PijNi7LCGdk-00176-00047451-00047878 you
PijNi7LCGdk-00177-00047879-00048429 topic later work
PijNi7LCGdk-00178-00048430-00048810 in 2006 Edward suggested that the EPA
PijNi7LCGdk-00179-00048811-00049032 testing procedure for led in tap water
PijNi7LCGdk-00180-00049033-00049284 could miss elevated levels because it
PijNi7LCGdk-00181-00049285-00049476 called for homeowners to remove the
PijNi7LCGdk-00182-00049477-00049686 aerator from their faucet before drawing
PijNi7LCGdk-00183-00049687-00049977 water for testing the screen in the
PijNi7LCGdk-00184-00049978-00050181 aerator he said could trap lead
PijNi7LCGdk-00185-00050182-00050478 particles if so water drawn for testing
PijNi7LCGdk-00186-00050479-00050685 would not reflect the full lead exposure
PijNi7LCGdk-00187-00050686-00050928 experienced by people drinking from the
PijNi7LCGdk-00188-00050929-00051252 faucet under normal use in 2007 the
PijNi7LCGdk-00189-00051253-00051465 University of North Carolina at Chapel
PijNi7LCGdk-00190-00051466-00051767 Hill hired Edwards to investigate water
PijNi7LCGdk-00191-00051769-00052101 quality problems in three buildings when
PijNi7LCGdk-00192-00052102-00052383 UNC asked its engineering faculty for
PijNi7LCGdk-00193-00052384-00052667 guidance their response was we have two
PijNi7LCGdk-00194-00052669-00053169 words for you mark Edwards he found low
PijNi7LCGdk-00195-00053170-00053469 grade and fixable lead contamination
PijNi7LCGdk-00196-00053470-00053816 which he blamed on lead-free brass
PijNi7LCGdk-00197-00053817-00054075 plumbing fixtures according to Edwards
PijNi7LCGdk-00198-00054076-00054384 federal regulations permit up to 8% led
PijNi7LCGdk-00199-00054385-00054528 in lead-free
PijNi7LCGdk-00200-00054529-00054816 brass fixtures which can leach from the
PijNi7LCGdk-00201-00054816-00055130 fixtures if the water is corrosive he
PijNi7LCGdk-00202-00055132-00055347 says that the federal standard uses a
PijNi7LCGdk-00203-00055348-00055578 water formulation that is remarkably
PijNi7LCGdk-00204-00055579-00055817 tame compared to actual water supplies
PijNi7LCGdk-00205-00055819-00056066 allowing such fixtures to pass lead
PijNi7LCGdk-00206-00056067-00056376 leaching tests Edwards provided a
PijNi7LCGdk-00207-00056377-00056679 solution to UNC's problem accelerate the
PijNi7LCGdk-00208-00056679-00056862 leaching of the lead by running each
PijNi7LCGdk-00209-00056863-00057111 faucet at full flow for 10 minutes and
PijNi7LCGdk-00210-00057112-00057329 then leaving it open at a trickle for
PijNi7LCGdk-00211-00057330-00057561 three days after which most of the lead
PijNi7LCGdk-00212-00057562-00057830 had leached out in a 2008 radio
PijNi7LCGdk-00213-00057832-00058089 interview Edwards noted that the United
PijNi7LCGdk-00214-00058090-00058326 States has over 5 million lead water
PijNi7LCGdk-00215-00058327-00058548 pipes many of which are nearing the end
PijNi7LCGdk-00216-00058549-00058854 of their useful life in some cases you
PijNi7LCGdk-00217-00058854-00059232 can take a single glass of water he said
PijNi7LCGdk-00218-00059233-00059496 and if you're unlucky and it has that
PijNi7LCGdk-00219-00059497-00059739 piece of lead in it you can get a very
PijNi7LCGdk-00220-00059740-00060017 high dose of lead similar to that which
PijNi7LCGdk-00221-00060019-00060240 you could obtain by eating lead paint
PijNi7LCGdk-00222-00060241-00060347 chips
PijNi7LCGdk-00223-00060348-00060624 during the Society of environmental
PijNi7LCGdk-00224-00060625-00060917 journalists 2008 annual meeting the
PijNi7LCGdk-00225-00060919-00061151 group was given a tour of Edwards as lab
PijNi7LCGdk-00226-00061152-00061428 he told them that the number one cause
PijNi7LCGdk-00227-00061429-00061653 of waterborne disease outbreaks in the
PijNi7LCGdk-00228-00061654-00061803 United States as
PijNi7LCGdk-00229-00061804-00062038 hodgins growing in home water heaters
PijNi7LCGdk-00230-00062039-00062316 energy conscious households may set
PijNi7LCGdk-00231-00062316-00062598 their water heaters thermostat to 120
PijNi7LCGdk-00232-00062599-00062871 degrees Fahrenheit 49 degrees Celsius
PijNi7LCGdk-00233-00062872-00063090 but that temperature encourages the
PijNi7LCGdk-00234-00063091-00063281 growth of microbes such as mycobacteria
PijNi7LCGdk-00235-00063282-00063755 a setting of 140 degrees Fahrenheit 60
PijNi7LCGdk-00236-00063756-00063938 degrees Celsius would kill such
PijNi7LCGdk-00237-00063939-00064290 organisms Edward says that infections
PijNi7LCGdk-00238-00064291-00064512 from inhaling steam from contaminated
PijNi7LCGdk-00239-00064513-00064740 water in the shower or contact with
PijNi7LCGdk-00240-00064741-00065006 contaminated water in a hot tub kill an
PijNi7LCGdk-00241-00065007-00065328 estimated 3,000 to 12,000 Americans each
PijNi7LCGdk-00242-00065329-00065655 year responding to a 2009 Associated
PijNi7LCGdk-00243-00065656-00065871 Press investigation of contaminants
PijNi7LCGdk-00244-00065872-00066068 found in the drinking water of schools
PijNi7LCGdk-00245-00066069-00066321 across the United States Edwards was
PijNi7LCGdk-00246-00066322-00066591 quoted as saying if a landlord doesn't
PijNi7LCGdk-00247-00066592-00066830 tell a tenant about lead paint in an
PijNi7LCGdk-00248-00066831-00067191 apartment he can go to jail but we have
PijNi7LCGdk-00249-00067192-00067422 no system to make people follow the
PijNi7LCGdk-00250-00067423-00067730 rules to keep school children safe
PijNi7LCGdk-00251-00067731-00067980 Edwards has also warned about the
PijNi7LCGdk-00252-00067981-00068166 unintended effects of state of the art
PijNi7LCGdk-00253-00068167-00068409 water conservation techniques being used
PijNi7LCGdk-00254-00068410-00068709 in new buildings systems such as
PijNi7LCGdk-00255-00068710-00069000 rainwater capture and water recycling he
PijNi7LCGdk-00256-00069001-00069216 says may reduce the flow of water from
PijNi7LCGdk-00257-00069217-00069441 the city's system so much that the water
PijNi7LCGdk-00258-00069442-00069654 remains in the plumbing for as much as
PijNi7LCGdk-00259-00069655-00069978 three weeks before use this can cause
PijNi7LCGdk-00260-00069979-00070175 the water to pick up lead and grow
PijNi7LCGdk-00261-00070176-00070461 bacteria he has called for a more
PijNi7LCGdk-00262-00070462-00070676 holistic approach to water quality
PijNi7LCGdk-00263-00070677-00070935 monitoring in 2011 the Robert Wood
PijNi7LCGdk-00264-00070936-00071196 Johnson foundations public health law
PijNi7LCGdk-00265-00071197-00071582 research program funded a $450,000 study
PijNi7LCGdk-00266-00071583-00071940 of the 1991 lead and copper rule an EPA
PijNi7LCGdk-00267-00071941-00072221 regulation relating to drinking water
PijNi7LCGdk-00268-00072222-00072942 Edwards will spearhead the study
PijNi7LCGdk-00269-00072943-00073561 topic Flint water crisis
PijNi7LCGdk-00270-00073562-00073939 in September 2015 after receiving a call
PijNi7LCGdk-00271-00073940-00074179 from Flint Michigan citizen leanne
PijNi7LCGdk-00272-00074180-00074470 walters dr. Edwards formed a water study
PijNi7LCGdk-00273-00074471-00074698 team and traveled to Flint Michigan to
PijNi7LCGdk-00274-00074699-00074902 perform a study that uncovered high
PijNi7LCGdk-00275-00074903-00075205 levels of lead in potable water the
PijNi7LCGdk-00276-00075206-00075406 city's water source had been switched
PijNi7LCGdk-00277-00075407-00075616 from the Detroit water system to the
PijNi7LCGdk-00278-00075617-00075817 Flint River in 2014
PijNi7LCGdk-00279-00075818-00076099 exposing over 100,000 people to high
PijNi7LCGdk-00280-00076100-00076372 lead levels and affecting up to 12,000
PijNi7LCGdk-00281-00076373-00076522 people with lead poisoning
PijNi7LCGdk-00282-00076523-00076774 Edwards initiative inspired dr. mona
PijNi7LCGdk-00283-00076775-00076999 hanna-attisha a flint public health
PijNi7LCGdk-00284-00077000-00077272 advocate and pediatrician to perform her
PijNi7LCGdk-00285-00077273-00077497 own study on Flint's children that found
PijNi7LCGdk-00286-00077498-00077644 that the lead levels in their blood
PijNi7LCGdk-00287-00077645-00077857 increased as a result of the water
PijNi7LCGdk-00288-00077858-00078165 source which Edwards and hanna-attisha
PijNi7LCGdk-00289-00078166-00078442 results caused the city of Flint the
PijNi7LCGdk-00290-00078443-00078619 state of Michigan and the United States
PijNi7LCGdk-00291-00078620-00078925 to declare a state of emergency in early
PijNi7LCGdk-00292-00078926-00079048 2016
PijNi7LCGdk-00293-00079049-00079312 dr. Edwards testified twice before the
PijNi7LCGdk-00294-00079313-00079474 United States House Committee on
PijNi7LCGdk-00295-00079475-00079711 Oversight and Government Reform on the
PijNi7LCGdk-00296-00079712-00079936 crisis and was appointed to Michigan
PijNi7LCGdk-00297-00079937-00080122 Governor Rick Snyder's Flint water
PijNi7LCGdk-00298-00080123-00080371 interagency Coordinating Committee to
PijNi7LCGdk-00299-00080372-00080593 alleviate problems related to the water
PijNi7LCGdk-00300-00080594-00080947 crisis in 2016 Edwards gave an interview
PijNi7LCGdk-00301-00080948-00081135 to the Chronicle of Higher Education
PijNi7LCGdk-00302-00081136-00081406 arguing for scientists to work in the
PijNi7LCGdk-00303-00081407-00081646 public interest in July 2018
PijNi7LCGdk-00304-00081647-00081961 Edwards filed a $3,000,000 defamation
PijNi7LCGdk-00305-00081962-00082150 lawsuit against Flint mother Melissa
PijNi7LCGdk-00306-00082151-00082381 Mays and two other activists Paul
PijNi7LCGdk-00307-00082382-00082669 Schwartz and Jana Lambrini do the
PijNi7LCGdk-00308-00082670-00082858 lawsuit came in the wake of the Flint
PijNi7LCGdk-00309-00082859-00083116 complaint dot-com letter signed by over
PijNi7LCGdk-00310-00083117-00083356 60 Flint residents expressing certain
PijNi7LCGdk-00311-00083357-00083824 grievances with Edwards on March 19 2019
PijNi7LCGdk-00312-00083825-00084031 the case was dismissed by Judge Michael
PijNi7LCGdk-00313-00084032-00084283 F Urbanski the chief judge for the
PijNi7LCGdk-00314-00084284-00084511 Western District of Virginia ruling that
PijNi7LCGdk-00315-00084512-00084733 Edwards could not use litigation to
PijNi7LCGdk-00316-00084734-00084988 silence criticism and advance scientific
PijNi7LCGdk-00317-00084989-00085291 claims the ruling noted the Flint water
PijNi7LCGdk-00318-00085292-00085567 crisis as a paradigm attak example of a
PijNi7LCGdk-00319-00085568-00085777 matter of public concern where the
PijNi7LCGdk-00320-00085778-00085923 freedom to call for an investigation
PijNi7LCGdk-00321-00085924-00086179 into the activities of those in
PijNi7LCGdk-00322-00086180-00086392 positions of significant persuasive
PijNi7LCGdk-00323-00086393-00086744 power and influence as essential
PijNi7LCGdk-00324-00086745-00087110 you
PijNi7LCGdk-00325-00087111-00087743 topic Awards & honors
PijNi7LCGdk-00326-00087744-00088157 1989 outstanding ms thesis award Water
PijNi7LCGdk-00327-00088158-00088620 Pollution Control Federation 1990 HP
PijNi7LCGdk-00328-00088621-00088947 Eddy medal outstanding paper in journal
PijNi7LCGdk-00329-00088948-00089388 water pollution control Federation 1992
PijNi7LCGdk-00330-00089389-00089705 academic achievement award outstanding
PijNi7LCGdk-00331-00089706-00090048 dissertation second-place American Water
PijNi7LCGdk-00332-00090049-00090492 Works Association 1992 outstanding
PijNi7LCGdk-00333-00090493-00090825 doctoral thesis award Association of
PijNi7LCGdk-00334-00090826-00091044 environmental engineering and science
PijNi7LCGdk-00335-00091045-00091479 professors 1994 outstanding paper in
PijNi7LCGdk-00336-00091480-00091868 journal American Water Works Association
PijNi7LCGdk-00337-00091869-00092157 1995 outstanding paper in journal
PijNi7LCGdk-00338-00092158-00092607 American Water Works Association 1996
PijNi7LCGdk-00339-00092608-00092859 National Science Foundation Presidential
PijNi7LCGdk-00340-00092860-00093168 faculty fellowship awarded by the White
PijNi7LCGdk-00341-00093169-00093480 House NSF for work on corrosion in water
PijNi7LCGdk-00342-00093481-00093867 distribution systems 2000 Distinguished
PijNi7LCGdk-00343-00093868-00094101 Service Award from the association of
PijNi7LCGdk-00344-00094102-00094319 environmental engineering and science
PijNi7LCGdk-00345-00094320-00094557 professors for service as chair of the
PijNi7LCGdk-00346-00094558-00095007 AE ESP awards committee 2003 dean's
PijNi7LCGdk-00347-00095008-00095207 award for research excellence
PijNi7LCGdk-00348-00095208-00095634 Virginia Tech 2003 Walter L Huber
PijNi7LCGdk-00349-00095635-00095892 research prize from American Society of
PijNi7LCGdk-00350-00095893-00096456 Civil Engineers ASCE 2003 to 2005
PijNi7LCGdk-00351-00096457-00096654 president of association of
PijNi7LCGdk-00352-00096655-00096864 environmental engineering and science
PijNi7LCGdk-00353-00096865-00097350 professors AE ESP 2005 Distinguished
PijNi7LCGdk-00354-00097351-00097590 Service Award from the association of
PijNi7LCGdk-00355-00097591-00097806 environmental engineering and science
PijNi7LCGdk-00356-00097807-00098049 professors for service as board member
PijNi7LCGdk-00357-00098050-00098448 and president of the association 2006
PijNi7LCGdk-00358-00098449-00098700 outstanding paper in J American Water
PijNi7LCGdk-00359-00098701-00099110 Works Association water quality division
PijNi7LCGdk-00360-00099111-00099396 2006 Alumni Award for research
PijNi7LCGdk-00361-00099397-00099471 excellence
PijNi7LCGdk-00362-00099472-00099879 Virginia Tech 2007 outstanding faculty
PijNi7LCGdk-00363-00099880-00100224 member award state of Virginia Council
PijNi7LCGdk-00364-00100225-00100476 on higher education for his work on the
PijNi7LCGdk-00365-00100477-00100707 Washington lead issue
PijNi7LCGdk-00366-00100708-00101013 2008 MacArthur Foundation fellowship
PijNi7LCGdk-00367-00101014-00101362 awarded to mark for his vital role in
PijNi7LCGdk-00368-00101363-00101591 ensuring the safety of drinking water
PijNi7LCGdk-00369-00101592-00101855 and in exposing deteriorating water
PijNi7LCGdk-00370-00101856-00102112 delivery infrastructure in America's
PijNi7LCGdk-00371-00102113-00102532 largest cities the fellowship included a
PijNi7LCGdk-00372-00102533-00103114 five-year $500,000 grant 2008 national
PijNi7LCGdk-00373-00103115-00103415 Assoc of corrosion engineers mace
PijNi7LCGdk-00374-00103416-00103819 technical achievement award 2010 praxis
PijNi7LCGdk-00375-00103820-00104158 award in professional ethics Villanova
PijNi7LCGdk-00376-00104159-00104440 University citing his exemplary
PijNi7LCGdk-00377-00104441-00104767 dedication to his ethical ideals in the
PijNi7LCGdk-00378-00104768-00104996 Washington DC water LED level
PijNi7LCGdk-00379-00104997-00105411 investigation 2010 best science paper
PijNi7LCGdk-00380-00105413-00105739 environmental science and technology
PijNi7LCGdk-00381-00105740-00106028 2010 outstanding dissertation advisor
PijNi7LCGdk-00382-00106029-00106103 award
PijNi7LCGdk-00383-00106104-00106523 Virginia Tech 2011 outstanding paper in
PijNi7LCGdk-00384-00106524-00106739 journal American Water Works Association
PijNi7LCGdk-00385-00106740-00107209 research division 2012 Barras Award for
PijNi7LCGdk-00386-00107210-00107404 defending the public health and interest
PijNi7LCGdk-00387-00107405-00107734 I Triple E social implications of
PijNi7LCGdk-00388-00107735-00108203 Technology 2015 arc ADIS association of
PijNi7LCGdk-00389-00108204-00108415 environmental engineering and science
PijNi7LCGdk-00390-00108416-00108752 professors AE ESP frontier in research
PijNi7LCGdk-00391-00108753-00109204 award 2016 association of environmental
PijNi7LCGdk-00392-00109205-00109457 engineering and science professors a EE
PijNi7LCGdk-00393-00109458-00109769 espy Award for outstanding contribution
PijNi7LCGdk-00394-00109770-00110008 to environmental engineering and science
PijNi7LCGdk-00395-00110009-00110447 education 2016 the American Society of
PijNi7LCGdk-00396-00110448-00110843 Civil Engineers ASCE 2016 president's
PijNi7LCGdk-00397-00110844-00111314 medal 2016 dr. mark Edwards and dr. mona
PijNi7LCGdk-00398-00111315-00111524 hanna-attisha presented the commencement
PijNi7LCGdk-00399-00111525-00111890 address at Virginia Tech on May 13 2016
PijNi7LCGdk-00400-00111891-00112252 in Lane Stadium in Blacksburg Virginia
PijNi7LCGdk-00401-00112253-00112598 2016 dr. mark Edwards and dr mona
PijNi7LCGdk-00402-00112599-00112799 hanna-attisha were named to Time
PijNi7LCGdk-00403-00112800-00113021 magazine's list of the 100 most
PijNi7LCGdk-00404-00113022-00113321 influential people they are listed in
PijNi7LCGdk-00405-00113322-00113744 the pioneers section 2016 dr. mark
PijNi7LCGdk-00406-00113745-00113983 Edwards and dr. mona hanna-attisha
PijNi7LCGdk-00407-00113984-00114218 were named as one of ten finalists for
PijNi7LCGdk-00408-00114219-00114433 Time magazine's annual Person of the
PijNi7LCGdk-00409-00114434-00114848 Year award 2016 dr. Marc Edwards
PijNi7LCGdk-00410-00114849-00115145 received Smithsonian magazine's American
PijNi7LCGdk-00411-00115146-00115595 ingenuity award for social progress 2017
PijNi7LCGdk-00412-00115596-00115828 dr. Marc Edwards and shoe high shalt
PijNi7LCGdk-00413-00115829-00116015 were named Virginia outstanding
PijNi7LCGdk-00414-00116016-00116302 scientists for 2017 by the Science
PijNi7LCGdk-00415-00116303-00116560 Museum of Virginia and Virginia Governor
PijNi7LCGdk-00416-00116561-00116961 Terry McAuliffe on February 9th 2017
PijNi7LCGdk-00417-00116963-00117368 2017 dr. mark edwards and dr mona
PijNi7LCGdk-00418-00117369-00117574 hanna-attisha received the inaugural
PijNi7LCGdk-00419-00117575-00117863 disobediance award from the MIT Media
PijNi7LCGdk-00420-00117864-00118256 Lab on July 21st 2017 for their work in
PijNi7LCGdk-00421-00118257-00118664 the Flint water crisis 2017 engineering
PijNi7LCGdk-00422-00118665-00118895 News Record Award of Excellence for his
PijNi7LCGdk-00423-00118896-00119383 work in Flint Michigan 2018 scientific
PijNi7LCGdk-00424-00119384-00119627 freedom and responsibility award from
PijNi7LCGdk-00425-00119628-00119819 the American Association for the
PijNi7LCGdk-00426-00119820-00120155 Advancement of science AAAS
PijNi7LCGdk-00427-00120156-00120583 you
PijNi7LCGdk-00428-00120584-00121448 topic see also Flint water crisis lead
PijNi7LCGdk-00429-00121449-00121790 contamination in Washington DC drinking
PijNi7LCGdk-00430-00121791-00121908 water
PijNi7LCGdk-00431-00121909-00122281 Virginia Tech College of Engineering
PijNi7LCGdk-00432-00122282-00122533 Association of environmental engineering
PijNi7LCGdk-00433-00122534-00122855 and science professors MacArthur
PijNi7LCGdk-00434-00122856-00123143 Foundation fellowship
PiyCVPlfKP8-00000-00000055-00000298 ancient Maya cuisine was varied and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00001-00000299-00000504 extensive many different types of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00002-00000505-00000700 resources were consumed including
PiyCVPlfKP8-00003-00000701-00000949 maritime flora and fauna material and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00004-00000950-00001135 food was obtained or produced through a
PiyCVPlfKP8-00005-00001136-00001344 host of strategies such as hunting
PiyCVPlfKP8-00006-00001345-00001569 foraging and large-scale agricultural
PiyCVPlfKP8-00007-00001570-00001870 production plant domestication focused
PiyCVPlfKP8-00008-00001871-00002095 on several core foods the most important
PiyCVPlfKP8-00009-00002096-00002392 of which was maize much of the Maya food
PiyCVPlfKP8-00010-00002393-00002635 supply was grown in agricultural fields
PiyCVPlfKP8-00011-00002636-00002917 and forest Gardens known as pet khat the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00012-00002918-00003109 system takes its name from the low wall
PiyCVPlfKP8-00013-00003110-00003432 of stones pet meaning circular and cut
PiyCVPlfKP8-00014-00003433-00003684 wall of loose stones that
PiyCVPlfKP8-00015-00003685-00003906 characteristically surrounds the gardens
PiyCVPlfKP8-00016-00003907-00004191 the Maya adopted a number of adaptive
PiyCVPlfKP8-00017-00004192-00004416 techniques that if necessary allowed for
PiyCVPlfKP8-00018-00004417-00004575 the clear cutting of land and Riaan
PiyCVPlfKP8-00019-00004576-00004836 fused the soil with nutrients among
PiyCVPlfKP8-00020-00004837-00005041 these was slash and burn or swidden
PiyCVPlfKP8-00021-00005042-00005268 agriculture a technique that cleared and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00022-00005269-00005532 temporarily fertilized the area for
PiyCVPlfKP8-00023-00005533-00005757 example the introduction of ash into the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00024-00005758-00006025 soil raises the soils pH which in turn
PiyCVPlfKP8-00025-00006026-00006204 raises the content of a variety of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00026-00006205-00006432 nutrients especially phosphorus for a
PiyCVPlfKP8-00027-00006433-00006645 short period of time of around 2 years
PiyCVPlfKP8-00028-00006645-00006892 however the soil will not remain
PiyCVPlfKP8-00029-00006893-00007102 suitable for planting for as many as 10
PiyCVPlfKP8-00030-00007103-00007363 years this technique common throughout
PiyCVPlfKP8-00031-00007364-00007552 the Maya area is still practiced today
PiyCVPlfKP8-00032-00007553-00007852 in the Maya region complementing swidden
PiyCVPlfKP8-00033-00007853-00008028 techniques were crop rotation and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00034-00008029-00008212 farming employed to maintain soil
PiyCVPlfKP8-00035-00008213-00008421 viability and increase the variety of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00036-00008422-00008758 crops to completely understand how and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00037-00008759-00008949 in what quantities food resources were
PiyCVPlfKP8-00038-00008950-00009171 relied upon by the ancient Maya stable
PiyCVPlfKP8-00039-00009172-00009489 isotopic analysis has been utilized this
PiyCVPlfKP8-00040-00009490-00009699 method allows for the stable carbon and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00041-00009700-00009880 nitrogen isotopes to be chemically
PiyCVPlfKP8-00042-00009881-00010117 extracted from animal and human skeletal
PiyCVPlfKP8-00043-00010118-00010363 remains these elements are then run
PiyCVPlfKP8-00044-00010364-00010527 through a mass spectrometer and the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00045-00010528-00010713 values display the enrichment of maize
PiyCVPlfKP8-00046-00010714-00010930 and the extent of aquatic resources in
PiyCVPlfKP8-00047-00010931-00011546 an individual's diet
PiyCVPlfKP8-00048-00011547-00011846 topic ethno historic and paleo
PiyCVPlfKP8-00049-00011847-00012056 ethnobotanical evidence for plant
PiyCVPlfKP8-00050-00012057-00012457 staples
PiyCVPlfKP8-00051-00012458-00012745 paleo ethnobotanical studies consists of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00052-00012746-00012982 the examination of micro and macro plant
PiyCVPlfKP8-00053-00012983-00013177 remains found within measured units of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00054-00013178-00013369 soil taken from an archaeological
PiyCVPlfKP8-00055-00013369-00013684 context macro remains are separated from
PiyCVPlfKP8-00056-00013685-00013834 the soil through a flotation process
PiyCVPlfKP8-00057-00013835-00014056 while micro remains are chemically
PiyCVPlfKP8-00058-00014057-00014344 extracted from the flotation samples the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00059-00014344-00014560 earliest archaeological plant remains
PiyCVPlfKP8-00060-00014561-00014734 within the Maya region are from qlo
PiyCVPlfKP8-00061-00014735-00015069 police and predate pre-classic sites the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00062-00015071-00015280 majority of plant remains fall within
PiyCVPlfKP8-00063-00015281-00015481 the pre-classic Postclassic and allow
PiyCVPlfKP8-00064-00015482-00015682 for researchers to discuss subsistence
PiyCVPlfKP8-00065-00015683-00015807 patterns that revolve around
PiyCVPlfKP8-00066-00015808-00016015 domesticated and wild partially
PiyCVPlfKP8-00067-00016016-00016300 cultivated plants information for the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00068-00016301-00016483 classic period the most widely studied
PiyCVPlfKP8-00069-00016484-00016714 period for the Maya come from the sites
PiyCVPlfKP8-00070-00016715-00017005 of Coba serán dos pilas wild cane que
PiyCVPlfKP8-00071-00017006-00017368 copan Tikal and Rio Azul this range of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00072-00017369-00017560 sites also allows for insight into
PiyCVPlfKP8-00073-00017561-00017728 regional differences based on the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00074-00017729-00017911 environment and access to local
PiyCVPlfKP8-00075-00017912-00018124 resources such as aquatic and marine
PiyCVPlfKP8-00076-00018125-00018325 life Maya diet focused on four
PiyCVPlfKP8-00077-00018326-00018586 domesticated crops staple crops maize
PiyCVPlfKP8-00078-00018587-00018877 squash beans typically phaseolus
PiyCVPlfKP8-00079-00018878-00019162 vulgaris and Chili Peppers the first
PiyCVPlfKP8-00080-00019163-00019360 three cultivars are commonly referred to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00081-00019361-00019609 in North America as the three sisters
PiyCVPlfKP8-00082-00019610-00019852 and when incorporated in a diet
PiyCVPlfKP8-00083-00019853-00020038 complement one another in providing
PiyCVPlfKP8-00084-00020039-00020314 necessary nutrients among the three
PiyCVPlfKP8-00085-00020315-00020515 maize was the central component of the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00086-00020516-00020694 diet of the ancient Maya and figured
PiyCVPlfKP8-00087-00020695-00020881 prominently in Maya mythology and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00088-00020882-00021166 ideology archaeological evidence
PiyCVPlfKP8-00089-00021167-00021415 suggests that Chapel otay and al tel was
PiyCVPlfKP8-00090-00021416-00021607 the dominant species however it is
PiyCVPlfKP8-00091-00021608-00021825 likely others were being exploited also
PiyCVPlfKP8-00092-00021826-00022117 maize was used and even in a variety of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00093-00022118-00022513 ways but was always nixtamalization a
PiyCVPlfKP8-00094-00022514-00022693 term that derives from the Nahuatl word
PiyCVPlfKP8-00095-00022694-00022903 for the process is a procedure in which
PiyCVPlfKP8-00096-00022904-00023068 maize is soaked and cooked in an
PiyCVPlfKP8-00097-00023069-00023374 alkaline solution this releases niacin a
PiyCVPlfKP8-00098-00023375-00023662 necessary B vitamin vitamin b3 that
PiyCVPlfKP8-00099-00023663-00023872 prevents pellagra and reduces incidence
PiyCVPlfKP8-00100-00023873-00024199 of protein deficiency once mixed Emily's
PiyCVPlfKP8-00101-00024200-00024457 was typically ground up on a Matadi and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00102-00024458-00024742 prepared in a number of ways tortillas
PiyCVPlfKP8-00103-00024743-00024934 cooked on a coma land used to wrap other
PiyCVPlfKP8-00104-00024935-00025240 foods meat beans etc were common and are
PiyCVPlfKP8-00105-00025241-00025441 perhaps the best-known pre-columbian
PiyCVPlfKP8-00106-00025442-00025740 Mesoamerican food tamales consist of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00107-00025741-00025849 corn dough often
PiyCVPlfKP8-00108-00025850-00026011 containing a filling that are wrapped in
PiyCVPlfKP8-00109-00026012-00026257 a corn husk and steamed cooked both
PiyCVPlfKP8-00110-00026258-00026500 atole and posle were liquid-based grew
PiyCVPlfKP8-00111-00026501-00026662 like dishes that were made by mixing
PiyCVPlfKP8-00112-00026663-00026881 ground maize hominy with water with
PiyCVPlfKP8-00113-00026882-00027058 atole being denser and used as a
PiyCVPlfKP8-00114-00027058-00027241 drinking source in pozole having
PiyCVPlfKP8-00115-00027242-00027382 complete big grains of maize
PiyCVPlfKP8-00116-00027383-00027652 incorporated into a turkey broth though
PiyCVPlfKP8-00117-00027652-00027832 these dishes could be consumed plain
PiyCVPlfKP8-00118-00027833-00028000 other ingredients were added to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00119-00028001-00028255 diversify flavor including chili peppers
PiyCVPlfKP8-00120-00028256-00028608 cacao wild onions and salt along with
PiyCVPlfKP8-00121-00028610-00028912 maize beans both domestic and wild and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00122-00028913-00029137 squash were relied on as evident from
PiyCVPlfKP8-00123-00029138-00029356 the remains at Karin El Salvador the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00124-00029357-00029605 Mesoamerican Pompey an alternative view
PiyCVPlfKP8-00125-00029606-00029818 is that manioc cassava was the easily
PiyCVPlfKP8-00126-00029819-00030007 grown staple crop of the Maya and that
PiyCVPlfKP8-00127-00030008-00030154 maize was revered because it was
PiyCVPlfKP8-00128-00030155-00030400 prestigious and harder to grow this
PiyCVPlfKP8-00129-00030401-00030595 proposal was based on the inability of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00130-00030595-00030781 maize to meet the nutritional needs of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00131-00030782-00031120 densely populated Maya areas manioc can
PiyCVPlfKP8-00132-00031120-00031372 meet those needs because tubers manioc
PiyCVPlfKP8-00133-00031373-00031585 rarely survives in the archaeological
PiyCVPlfKP8-00134-00031586-00031756 record evidence for this view has been
PiyCVPlfKP8-00135-00031757-00031942 lacking although recent finds in
PiyCVPlfKP8-00136-00031943-00032145 volcanic ash at the southern Maya site
PiyCVPlfKP8-00137-00032147-00032356 of Hoya de Saron in El Salvador may be
PiyCVPlfKP8-00138-00032357-00032635 such evidence several different
PiyCVPlfKP8-00139-00032636-00032848 varieties of beans were grown including
PiyCVPlfKP8-00140-00032849-00033154 Pinto red and black beans the ancient
PiyCVPlfKP8-00141-00033155-00033367 Maya also relied on tree cropping for
PiyCVPlfKP8-00142-00033368-00033598 access to foods such as tomato Chili
PiyCVPlfKP8-00143-00033599-00033892 Peppers avocado bread nut guava soursop
PiyCVPlfKP8-00144-00033893-00034192 mammy apple papaya pineapple pumpkin
PiyCVPlfKP8-00145-00034193-00034519 sweet potato and xanthus oma Chaya was
PiyCVPlfKP8-00146-00034520-00034789 cultivated for its green leaves chayote
PiyCVPlfKP8-00147-00034790-00034978 was cultivated for its fruit and its
PiyCVPlfKP8-00148-00034979-00035140 tender green shoots were used as a
PiyCVPlfKP8-00149-00035141-00035425 vegetable various herbs were grown and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00150-00035426-00035686 used including vanilla epazote achiote
PiyCVPlfKP8-00151-00035687-00035839 and the annatto seed
PiyCVPlfKP8-00152-00035840-00036112 Canella hoja santa Piper or Adam avocado
PiyCVPlfKP8-00153-00036113-00036373 leaves garlic vine Mexican oregano and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00154-00036374-00036694 allspice while paleo ethnobotanical
PiyCVPlfKP8-00155-00036695-00036892 remains demonstrate these crops were
PiyCVPlfKP8-00156-00036893-00037075 relied on in some form by all Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00157-00037076-00037252 groups it is clear that different
PiyCVPlfKP8-00158-00037253-00037437 subsistence strategies were relied on
PiyCVPlfKP8-00159-00037438-00037702 for instance some fields were planted
PiyCVPlfKP8-00160-00037703-00037867 away from the household groups while
PiyCVPlfKP8-00161-00037868-00038079 some fields are adjacent to households
PiyCVPlfKP8-00162-00038080-00038335 farming techniques includes terracing
PiyCVPlfKP8-00163-00038336-00038602 raised fields check dams drain fields
PiyCVPlfKP8-00164-00038603-00038833 kitchen gardens forest gardens and other
PiyCVPlfKP8-00165-00038834-00039108 forms of irrigation other crops have
PiyCVPlfKP8-00166-00039109-00039226 also been invested
PiyCVPlfKP8-00167-00039227-00039412 as part of the diet of ancient Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00168-00039413-00039682 chili peppers manioc cotton and agave
PiyCVPlfKP8-00169-00039683-00039853 are thought to have been cultivated in
PiyCVPlfKP8-00170-00039854-00040490 gardens tended near the home
PiyCVPlfKP8-00171-00040491-00040777 topic ethno historical and zoo
PiyCVPlfKP8-00172-00040778-00041368 archaeological evidence of meat usage
PiyCVPlfKP8-00173-00041369-00041584 hunting is believed to have supplied the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00174-00041585-00041740 Maya with their main source of meat
PiyCVPlfKP8-00175-00041741-00041965 though several animals such as dog peck
PiyCVPlfKP8-00176-00041966-00042202 peck and Turkey ulam ulam may have been
PiyCVPlfKP8-00177-00042203-00042493 domesticated animals hunted for meat as
PiyCVPlfKP8-00178-00042494-00042724 well as for other purposes include deer
PiyCVPlfKP8-00179-00042725-00043042 manatee armadillo tapir peccary monkey
PiyCVPlfKP8-00180-00043043-00043246 guinea pig and other types of fowl
PiyCVPlfKP8-00181-00043247-00043465 turtle and iguana with the majority of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00182-00043466-00043639 meat coming from white-tailed deer as
PiyCVPlfKP8-00183-00043640-00043825 evident from animal remains found in
PiyCVPlfKP8-00184-00043826-00044080 mittens the Maya diet was also
PiyCVPlfKP8-00185-00044081-00044278 supplemented by the exploitation at
PiyCVPlfKP8-00186-00044279-00044494 least in coastal areas of maritime
PiyCVPlfKP8-00187-00044495-00044776 resources including fish lobster shrimp
PiyCVPlfKP8-00188-00044777-00045073 conch and other shellfish the zoo
PiyCVPlfKP8-00189-00045074-00045280 archeological evidence from the sites of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00190-00045281-00045448 La mania and Tipu have provided
PiyCVPlfKP8-00191-00045449-00045655 considerable information about the types
PiyCVPlfKP8-00192-00045656-00045913 of animals being exploited the zoo
PiyCVPlfKP8-00193-00045914-00046300 archaeological evidence 5000 737 remains
PiyCVPlfKP8-00194-00046301-00046678 from Lamanna and 24,000 590 remains from
PiyCVPlfKP8-00195-00046679-00046903 Tipu were collected from midden deposits
PiyCVPlfKP8-00196-00046904-00047035 and structures near and in the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00197-00047036-00047278 ceremonial center of the site while
PiyCVPlfKP8-00198-00047279-00047437 white-tailed deer remained the most
PiyCVPlfKP8-00199-00047438-00047599 exploited animal at the site's
PiyCVPlfKP8-00200-00047600-00047773 throughout time there are shifts over
PiyCVPlfKP8-00201-00047774-00047950 time from larger mammals to small
PiyCVPlfKP8-00202-00047951-00048199 mammals aviary species such as turkey
PiyCVPlfKP8-00203-00048200-00048403 and aquatic resources such as fish
PiyCVPlfKP8-00204-00048404-00048607 turtles and mollusks while it may seem
PiyCVPlfKP8-00205-00048608-00048841 improbable that aquatic resources were
PiyCVPlfKP8-00206-00048842-00049060 being exploited by inland sites the site
PiyCVPlfKP8-00207-00049061-00049282 of caracal located in the Maya mountains
PiyCVPlfKP8-00208-00049283-00049489 of beliefs displays evidence of marine
PiyCVPlfKP8-00209-00049490-00049684 resources being brought to the site and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00210-00049685-00049899 transported while still alive
PiyCVPlfKP8-00211-00049900-00050113 archaeological evidence supported this
PiyCVPlfKP8-00212-00050114-00050314 as a diverse set of marine resources
PiyCVPlfKP8-00213-00050315-00050482 were found from subsistence and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00214-00050483-00050790 ceremonial contexts at caracol the most
PiyCVPlfKP8-00215-00050791-00050998 likely candidates for this type of live
PiyCVPlfKP8-00216-00050999-00051175 transport from the ocean up to the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00217-00051176-00051358 mountains by river would be stingrays
PiyCVPlfKP8-00218-00051359-00052112 grunts sea catfish and parrotfish
PiyCVPlfKP8-00219-00052113-00052462 topic stable isotopic evidence of Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00220-00052463-00052841 diet
PiyCVPlfKP8-00221-00052841-00053157 stable isotopic analysis of carbon and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00222-00053158-00053391 nitrogen from human skeletal remains has
PiyCVPlfKP8-00223-00053391-00053586 been conducted at multiple Maya sites
PiyCVPlfKP8-00224-00053587-00053823 from the lowlands of Belize the Potenza
PiyCVPlfKP8-00225-00053824-00054012 Curtin Peninsula and the highlands of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00226-00054013-00054297 Guatemala the first applications of this
PiyCVPlfKP8-00227-00054298-00054474 practice were conducted on the remains
PiyCVPlfKP8-00228-00054475-00054704 found in the tehuacán Valley and suggest
PiyCVPlfKP8-00229-00054705-00054929 that maize was a dietary staple as early
PiyCVPlfKP8-00230-00054930-00055296 at 4,500 BP however the bulk of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00231-00055297-00055560 information is represented by over 600
PiyCVPlfKP8-00232-00055561-00055742 individuals dating from the pre-classic
PiyCVPlfKP8-00233-00055744-00055935 to the Postclassic period and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00234-00055936-00056105 substantiates that subsistence
PiyCVPlfKP8-00235-00056107-00056319 adaptations were present and caused by
PiyCVPlfKP8-00236-00056320-00056562 chronology Geographic and environmental
PiyCVPlfKP8-00237-00056563-00056826 factors and cultural pressures in the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00238-00056827-00057036 Maya lowlands of Belize carbon and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00239-00057037-00057219 nitrogen data from collagen have been
PiyCVPlfKP8-00240-00057220-00057570 analyzed from ten sites the average c-13
PiyCVPlfKP8-00241-00057571-00057786 collagen values are minus twelve point
PiyCVPlfKP8-00242-00057787-00058038 six plus or minus one point two per mil
PiyCVPlfKP8-00243-00058039-00058320 indicating that c4 sources made up 50%
PiyCVPlfKP8-00244-00058321-00058611 of ancient Maya diet these average
PiyCVPlfKP8-00245-00058612-00058833 values change very slightly in the early
PiyCVPlfKP8-00246-00058834-00059049 late and terminal classic periods with
PiyCVPlfKP8-00247-00059050-00059223 averages of minus eleven point three
PiyCVPlfKP8-00248-00059224-00059469 plus or minus minus two point three per
PiyCVPlfKP8-00249-00059470-00059694 mil in the patent
PiyCVPlfKP8-00250-00059695-00059952 pre-classic values for collagen c-13
PiyCVPlfKP8-00251-00059953-00060177 averaged minus ten point two plus or
PiyCVPlfKP8-00252-00060178-00060375 minus minus one point two per mil
PiyCVPlfKP8-00253-00060376-00060699 indicating that c4 sources made up 70%
PiyCVPlfKP8-00254-00060700-00060888 of ancient Maya diet in this region
PiyCVPlfKP8-00255-00060889-00061119 these differences in region may be
PiyCVPlfKP8-00256-00061120-00061296 attributed to the greater access to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00257-00061297-00061521 marine and aquatic resources in Belize
PiyCVPlfKP8-00258-00061522-00061797 as discussed earlier there is evidence
PiyCVPlfKP8-00259-00061798-00061959 that marine animals were being brought
PiyCVPlfKP8-00260-00061960-00062169 alive to inland sites by means of river
PiyCVPlfKP8-00261-00062170-00062523 waterways areas of the patent and may
PiyCVPlfKP8-00262-00062524-00062694 have been too far away from coastal
PiyCVPlfKP8-00263-00062695-00062913 regions for this concept to be utilized
PiyCVPlfKP8-00264-00062914-00063225 of course diet varied greatly by site
PiyCVPlfKP8-00265-00063226-00063474 and region for example at pack bite in
PiyCVPlfKP8-00266-00063475-00063645 maize was found to be heavily relied
PiyCVPlfKP8-00267-00063646-00063825 upon by the elite males found in the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00268-00063826-00064089 ceremonial center this goes against
PiyCVPlfKP8-00269-00064090-00064314 ideas about maize as a commoner food and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00270-00064315-00064482 the idea that elites has greater access
PiyCVPlfKP8-00271-00064483-00064745 to a wide variety of resources
PiyCVPlfKP8-00272-00064746-00064989 furthermore this data contradicts what
PiyCVPlfKP8-00273-00064990-00065157 is found about elite diets at other
PiyCVPlfKP8-00274-00065158-00065433 sites like copan and ylim mania overall
PiyCVPlfKP8-00275-00065434-00065646 maize played a large role in diet at the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00276-00065647-00065853 site but access to maize varied by age
PiyCVPlfKP8-00277-00065854-00066063 sex and social status
PiyCVPlfKP8-00278-00066064-00066285 males and adults consumed more than
PiyCVPlfKP8-00279-00066286-00066492 females and children and this difference
PiyCVPlfKP8-00280-00066493-00066749 is most likely caused by social status
PiyCVPlfKP8-00281-00066750-00066990 furthermore mais consumption varied
PiyCVPlfKP8-00282-00066991-00067185 through time during the flourishing
PiyCVPlfKP8-00283-00067186-00067380 periods of the early and late classic
PiyCVPlfKP8-00284-00067381-00067694 mais constituted about 72 to 77 percent
PiyCVPlfKP8-00285-00067695-00067913 of the diet of individuals living at
PiyCVPlfKP8-00286-00067914-00068181 pack bitin this drops 10% in the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00287-00068182-00068375 terminal classic as the population
PiyCVPlfKP8-00288-00068376-00068655 became less reliant on maize this could
PiyCVPlfKP8-00289-00068656-00068871 be caused by a more diverse diet due to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00290-00068872-00069063 trade or an increased reliance on other
PiyCVPlfKP8-00291-00069064-00069360 local foods another possibility is that
PiyCVPlfKP8-00292-00069361-00069561 attempts at producing enough maize to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00293-00069562-00070257 support the growing population failed
PiyCVPlfKP8-00294-00070258-00070578 topic Mayan cuisine present in modern
PiyCVPlfKP8-00295-00070579-00070974 cuisine
PiyCVPlfKP8-00296-00070975-00071192 the knowledge of the Maya cuisine can be
PiyCVPlfKP8-00297-00071193-00071409 established by archaeological evidence
PiyCVPlfKP8-00298-00071410-00071691 spawned as early as 1500 BC and running
PiyCVPlfKP8-00299-00071692-00071981 through the 16th century AD with maize
PiyCVPlfKP8-00300-00071982-00072167 being a significant factor in Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00301-00072168-00072392 cuisine and such a sustainable source of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00302-00072393-00072441 food
PiyCVPlfKP8-00303-00072442-00072609 this allowed the Mayas to expand their
PiyCVPlfKP8-00304-00072610-00072786 palette and begin cultivating and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00305-00072787-00072974 incorporate many different varieties of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00306-00072975-00073098 food in their diet
PiyCVPlfKP8-00307-00073099-00073371 the evolution and process of Maya food
PiyCVPlfKP8-00308-00073372-00073590 cultures allowed for experimentation and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00309-00073591-00073803 construction of new Maya cuisine staples
PiyCVPlfKP8-00310-00073804-00073953 to flourish and eventually be
PiyCVPlfKP8-00311-00073954-00074132 established in today's modern food
PiyCVPlfKP8-00312-00074133-00074316 practices today
PiyCVPlfKP8-00313-00074317-00074537 as another corn driven society we
PiyCVPlfKP8-00314-00074538-00074697 indulge in the luxury of a great
PiyCVPlfKP8-00315-00074698-00074886 diversity of foods and many that come
PiyCVPlfKP8-00316-00074887-00075084 from Maya techniques such as chocolate
PiyCVPlfKP8-00317-00075085-00075442 avocado guacamole tortillas and tamales
PiyCVPlfKP8-00318-00075443-00075692 chocolate with the cocoa tree being made
PiyCVPlfKP8-00319-00075693-00075893 of 2-mile and the Maya are believed to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00320-00075894-00076055 be the first people to have discovered
PiyCVPlfKP8-00321-00076056-00076268 and cultivated the cacao plant for food
PiyCVPlfKP8-00322-00076269-00076542 the cocoa beans were ground-up mixed
PiyCVPlfKP8-00323-00076543-00076757 with Chili Peppers cornmeal and honey to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00324-00076758-00076935 create a drink called cioccolato
PiyCVPlfKP8-00325-00076936-00077229 a Nahuatl word only the rich and Noble
PiyCVPlfKP8-00326-00077230-00077460 could drink this they also used cacao
PiyCVPlfKP8-00327-00077461-00077693 beans as ceremonial sacrifices to their
PiyCVPlfKP8-00328-00077694-00077951 gods the cocoa seeds were predominantly
PiyCVPlfKP8-00329-00077952-00078137 used to make other variations of the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00330-00078138-00078317 drink that were used as a stimulant mood
PiyCVPlfKP8-00331-00078318-00078528 enhancer and at ceremonies because for
PiyCVPlfKP8-00332-00078529-00078737 the Mayas cocoa was a sacred gift from
PiyCVPlfKP8-00333-00078738-00079035 the gods the cocoa plant or Theobroma
PiyCVPlfKP8-00334-00079036-00079296 which literally translates to food of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00335-00079297-00079554 gods was enjoyed by all social classes
PiyCVPlfKP8-00336-00079555-00079767 of Maya people and because of its
PiyCVPlfKP8-00337-00079768-00079988 stimulative aphrodisiac powers Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00338-00079989-00080136 couples drank chocolate during
PiyCVPlfKP8-00339-00080137-00080336 ceremonies of marriage and engagement
PiyCVPlfKP8-00340-00080337-00080588 Maya chocolate was much different than
PiyCVPlfKP8-00341-00080589-00080772 today's hot chocolate it may have been
PiyCVPlfKP8-00342-00080773-00080954 served unsweetened and with a frothy
PiyCVPlfKP8-00343-00080955-00081153 texture but this drink established the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00344-00081154-00081332 roots for one of today's most beloved
PiyCVPlfKP8-00345-00081333-00081713 treats avocado guacamole originating
PiyCVPlfKP8-00346-00081714-00081921 from southern Mexico in Guatemala
PiyCVPlfKP8-00347-00081922-00082157 avocados became a reliable food in Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00348-00082158-00082428 cuisine the avocado tree is very
PiyCVPlfKP8-00349-00082429-00082649 reliable in subtropical climates which
PiyCVPlfKP8-00350-00082650-00082787 suited perfectly to the Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00351-00082788-00083073 civilization avocados are a very
PiyCVPlfKP8-00352-00083074-00083207 versatile product that can be
PiyCVPlfKP8-00353-00083208-00083459 incorporated in cuisine in many ways
PiyCVPlfKP8-00354-00083460-00083724 corn tortillas maize can be used to
PiyCVPlfKP8-00355-00083725-00083912 connect almost every aspect of my life
PiyCVPlfKP8-00356-00083913-00084113 right down to the roots of the creation
PiyCVPlfKP8-00357-00084114-00084194 of man
PiyCVPlfKP8-00358-00084195-00084401 it is said in the popul Vuh that the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00359-00084402-00084593 first humans were crafted from an ear of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00360-00084594-00084899 corn this creation explanation also
PiyCVPlfKP8-00361-00084900-00085088 includes that people were fundamentally
PiyCVPlfKP8-00362-00085089-00085382 made of masa or corn dough tortillas
PiyCVPlfKP8-00363-00085383-00085589 driven by the divinity of maize offered
PiyCVPlfKP8-00364-00085590-00085748 countless opportunities for food
PiyCVPlfKP8-00365-00085749-00085925 creation and allowed people of all
PiyCVPlfKP8-00366-00085926-00086213 economic standings to eat freely Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00367-00086214-00086372 tortillas differed from today's
PiyCVPlfKP8-00368-00086373-00086456 tortillas
PiyCVPlfKP8-00369-00086457-00086690 the Mayas produced a small three to four
PiyCVPlfKP8-00370-00086691-00086870 inch masa paddy that was thicker than
PiyCVPlfKP8-00371-00086871-00087068 today's version to provide a sturdy base
PiyCVPlfKP8-00372-00087069-00087302 for the dish they would be serving these
PiyCVPlfKP8-00373-00087303-00087530 dishes often included meat and avocado
PiyCVPlfKP8-00374-00087531-00087707 or could be aside for a stew at a
PiyCVPlfKP8-00375-00087708-00087989 ritualistic meeting today's tortillas
PiyCVPlfKP8-00376-00087990-00088160 are thinner and often larger in diameter
PiyCVPlfKP8-00377-00088161-00088472 than Maya tortillas today you can see
PiyCVPlfKP8-00378-00088473-00088667 the use of tortillas in almost every
PiyCVPlfKP8-00379-00088668-00088859 aspect of dining including tacos
PiyCVPlfKP8-00380-00088860-00089153 burritos quesadillas chips soups and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00381-00089154-00089483 even crepes one tamales crafted from
PiyCVPlfKP8-00382-00089484-00089720 masa or corn dough and a mix of meat and
PiyCVPlfKP8-00383-00089721-00089903 vegetables tamales were one of the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00384-00089904-00090107 world's first convenience foods because
PiyCVPlfKP8-00385-00090108-00090347 of their ease of transport like many
PiyCVPlfKP8-00386-00090348-00090587 popular dishes in Maya culture the tamal
PiyCVPlfKP8-00387-00090588-00090785 included the use of the corn husks or
PiyCVPlfKP8-00388-00090786-00090995 banana leaves to ferment and enhance the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00389-00090996-00091256 cooking process of the meal after the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00390-00091257-00091436 cooking process the tamale would be
PiyCVPlfKP8-00391-00091437-00091622 unwrapped and topped with salsa which
PiyCVPlfKP8-00392-00091623-00091907 could be eaten on the go often tamales
PiyCVPlfKP8-00393-00091908-00092057 would be served at Maya holiday
PiyCVPlfKP8-00394-00092058-00092333 celebrations Maya women would also sell
PiyCVPlfKP8-00395-00092334-00092567 freshly made tamales often in exchange
PiyCVPlfKP8-00396-00092568-00092846 for cocoa seeds ancient evidence of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00397-00092847-00093026 tamales are prominent on many Maya
PiyCVPlfKP8-00398-00093027-00093323 artifacts and paintings the modern tamal
PiyCVPlfKP8-00399-00093324-00093521 is enjoyed in much the same way as in
PiyCVPlfKP8-00400-00093522-00094139 ancient Maya cuisine
PiyCVPlfKP8-00401-00094140-00094599 topic other
PiyCVPlfKP8-00402-00094600-00094894 SOI has become part of the Maya diet it
PiyCVPlfKP8-00403-00094895-00095047 is often thought that the Mayas were
PiyCVPlfKP8-00404-00095048-00095278 overthrown by Spanish conquistadors but
PiyCVPlfKP8-00405-00095279-00095494 many signs point to the idea that cities
PiyCVPlfKP8-00406-00095495-00095653 were abandoned possibly because of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00407-00095654-00095944 peasant revolt even with the sustainable
PiyCVPlfKP8-00408-00095945-00096132 crops the Mayas had control of the
PiyCVPlfKP8-00409-00096133-00096343 population grew too quickly for farmers
PiyCVPlfKP8-00410-00096344-00096604 to sustain the population by the time
PiyCVPlfKP8-00411-00096605-00096829 Spanish conquistadors arrived many of
PiyCVPlfKP8-00412-00096830-00096994 the cities were ghost towns and were
PiyCVPlfKP8-00413-00096995-00097281 easily taken by the Spanish the primary
PiyCVPlfKP8-00414-00097282-00097462 evidence of these once powerful people
PiyCVPlfKP8-00415-00097463-00097624 comes from the archaeological
PiyCVPlfKP8-00416-00097625-00098204 excavations
PiyCVPlfKP8-00417-00098205-00098737 topic see also
PiyCVPlfKP8-00418-00098738-00099094 equals equals nodes
Pj3sD0xTux8-00000-00000128-00000286 i think
Pj3sD0xTux8-00001-00000287-00000534 jamalik is a history building
Pj3sD0xTux8-00002-00000535-00000807 very very easy
Pj3sD0xTux8-00003-00000808-00000943 and cheap
Pj3sD0xTux8-00004-00000944-00001119 interesting
Pj3sD0xTux8-00005-00001120-00001810 understand yes
Pj3sD0xTux8-00006-00001811-00002631 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00007-00002632-00003221 oh
Pj3sD0xTux8-00008-00003222-00003799 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00009-00003800-00004935 friday
Pj3sD0xTux8-00010-00004936-00005163 dog
Pj3sD0xTux8-00011-00005164-00006767 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00012-00006768-00008999 yes
Pj3sD0xTux8-00013-00009000-00010295 i understand
Pj3sD0xTux8-00014-00010296-00010463 all people
Pj3sD0xTux8-00015-00010464-00010827 understand today
Pj3sD0xTux8-00016-00010828-00011623 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00017-00011624-00013591 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00018-00013591-00015350 understand
Pj3sD0xTux8-00019-00015351-00015536 cheese
Pj3sD0xTux8-00020-00015537-00016250 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00021-00016251-00017770 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00022-00017771-00018014 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00023-00018015-00018973 wow
Pj3sD0xTux8-00024-00018974-00019558 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00025-00019559-00020019 oh
Pj3sD0xTux8-00026-00020020-00021094 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00027-00021095-00022509 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00028-00022510-00022851 [Applause]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00029-00022852-00023184 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00030-00023185-00024358 [Applause]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00031-00024359-00026727 foreign
Pj3sD0xTux8-00032-00026727-00028710 foreign
Pj3sD0xTux8-00033-00028711-00029527 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00034-00029527-00030547 wow
Pj3sD0xTux8-00036-00033736-00033959 yes wow that's nice
Pj3sD0xTux8-00037-00033960-00034087 do you know him
Pj3sD0xTux8-00038-00034088-00034831 what do you know he's a famous person
Pj3sD0xTux8-00039-00034832-00035111 why famous yes he's famous
Pj3sD0xTux8-00040-00035112-00035415 take a photo with him
Pj3sD0xTux8-00041-00035416-00035615 bye-bye
Pj3sD0xTux8-00042-00035616-00035815 he isn't television actor
Pj3sD0xTux8-00043-00035816-00035974 actor actor
Pj3sD0xTux8-00044-00035975-00036159 yes oh really
Pj3sD0xTux8-00045-00036160-00036335 he's not here every time
Pj3sD0xTux8-00046-00036336-00036535 just only for one week he will go back
Pj3sD0xTux8-00047-00036536-00036718 to suri on television he is that we
Pj3sD0xTux8-00048-00036719-00037799 appear on the news
Pj3sD0xTux8-00049-00037800-00037887 hi
Pj3sD0xTux8-00050-00037888-00039287 hello
Pj3sD0xTux8-00051-00039288-00040671 say
Pj3sD0xTux8-00052-00040672-00041662 yes
Pj3sD0xTux8-00053-00041663-00041887 nice
Pj3sD0xTux8-00054-00041888-00043455 big problem
Pj3sD0xTux8-00055-00043456-00044671 foreign
Pj3sD0xTux8-00056-00044672-00044879 what is this
Pj3sD0xTux8-00057-00044880-00046255 perfect
Pj3sD0xTux8-00058-00046256-00047511 okay
Pj3sD0xTux8-00059-00047512-00048974 thank you
Pj3sD0xTux8-00060-00048975-00049686 very very
Pj3sD0xTux8-00061-00049687-00050441 come on
Pj3sD0xTux8-00062-00050442-00050702 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00063-00050703-00051354 cheers
Pj3sD0xTux8-00064-00051355-00052190 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00065-00052191-00052555 mix
Pj3sD0xTux8-00066-00052557-00054638 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00067-00054639-00054849 foreign
Pj3sD0xTux8-00068-00054850-00056361 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00069-00056362-00056573 [Laughter]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00070-00056574-00057094 [Music]
Pj3sD0xTux8-00071-00057095-00057304 i
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00001-00004855-00005317 [Music]
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00002-00005318-00005938 thank you
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00003-00005939-00006396 [Music]
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00004-00006397-00006616 yay today
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00005-00006617-00007498 [Music]
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00006-00007500-00007765 today
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00007-00007766-00010049 [Music]
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00008-00010050-00010387 ready let's go
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00009-00010388-00010774 happy birthday
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00010-00010775-00011105 ready let's go let's go let's go let's
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00011-00011106-00011397 go let's go let's go let's go
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00012-00011398-00014136 [Music]
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00013-00014137-00015049 [Music]
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00014-00015050-00015383 thank you
Pj4vzKjoD4k-00015-00015384-00015684 foreign
PkkajEUONvk-00000-00000359-00002906 [Music]
PkkajEUONvk-00001-00002907-00002915 [Applause]
PkkajEUONvk-00002-00002916-00004936 [Music]
PkkajEUONvk-00003-00004937-00005916 [Applause]
PkkajEUONvk-00004-00005917-00007768 [Music]
PkkajEUONvk-00005-00007769-00008726 [Music]
PlQQeQQTMuA-00000-00001328-00001543 welcome to session nine of the sea power
PlQQeQQTMuA-00001-00001544-00001710 conference
PlQQeQQTMuA-00002-00001711-00002023 this afternoon this afternoon's panel
PlQQeQQTMuA-00003-00002023-00002199 is somewhat different than what we had
PlQQeQQTMuA-00004-00002200-00002334 anticipated we've lost a couple of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00005-00002335-00002542 speakers
PlQQeQQTMuA-00006-00002543-00002718 but we're going to proceed
PlQQeQQTMuA-00007-00002719-00002975 with the with those that we have and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00008-00002976-00003199 an addition
PlQQeQQTMuA-00009-00003200-00003422 this afternoon's panel consists of rib
PlQQeQQTMuA-00010-00003423-00003599 admiral chris smith
PlQQeQQTMuA-00011-00003600-00003767 mr tony dalton
PlQQeQQTMuA-00012-00003768-00004031 mr justin hayhurst and rear admiral
PlQQeQQTMuA-00013-00004032-00004254 justin jones who has offered to stand in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00014-00004255-00004638 and supplement this afternoon
PlQQeQQTMuA-00015-00004639-00004799 questions will be taken at the end of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00016-00004800-00005095 the session as well
PlQQeQQTMuA-00017-00005096-00005406 using the indo-pacific 2022 app so i
PlQQeQQTMuA-00018-00005407-00005591 encourage you to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00019-00005592-00005879 to use that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00020-00005880-00005999 admiral smith is going to chair the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00021-00006000-00006199 session this afternoon and sir would you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00022-00006200-00006823 like to take the floor
PlQQeQQTMuA-00023-00006823-00006967 good afternoon ladies and gentlemen
PlQQeQQTMuA-00024-00006968-00007151 welcome to session nine the maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00025-00007152-00007431 domain of the indo-pacific a commonality
PlQQeQQTMuA-00026-00007431-00007591 of purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-00027-00007592-00007855 when framing the utility of naval forces
PlQQeQQTMuA-00028-00007856-00008127 the american strategist edward lutwat
PlQQeQQTMuA-00029-00008128-00008383 stated that naval forces are like all
PlQQeQQTMuA-00030-00008384-00008574 forms of military power
PlQQeQQTMuA-00031-00008575-00008735 only more so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00032-00008736-00008951 the familiar attributes inherent
PlQQeQQTMuA-00033-00008952-00009095 mobility
PlQQeQQTMuA-00034-00009096-00009271 tactical flexibility
PlQQeQQTMuA-00035-00009272-00009535 and wide geographical reach render a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00036-00009536-00009791 navy particularly useful as instruments
PlQQeQQTMuA-00037-00009792-00010174 of policy in the absence of hostilities
PlQQeQQTMuA-00038-00010175-00010342 the great australian historian and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00039-00010343-00010678 strategist tb miller was also alive to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00040-00010679-00010910 australia's geography and observed that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00041-00010911-00011167 the first point to remember is australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00042-00011168-00011438 is not a continent but that it is an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00043-00011439-00011583 island
PlQQeQQTMuA-00044-00011584-00011823 and underline the strategic challenges
PlQQeQQTMuA-00045-00011824-00011999 for defence
PlQQeQQTMuA-00046-00012000-00012287 miller states plainly that any hostile
PlQQeQQTMuA-00047-00012288-00012599 power does not need to invade australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00048-00012600-00012751 they need merely to control the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00049-00012752-00012943 archipelagic sea lanes that australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00050-00012944-00013222 relies upon for its global trade and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00051-00013223-00013407 prosperity
PlQQeQQTMuA-00052-00013408-00013751 in 2017 the naval shipbuilding plan
PlQQeQQTMuA-00053-00013752-00013958 asserted that australia is a maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00054-00013959-00014055 nation
PlQQeQQTMuA-00055-00014056-00014319 and our security depends on a modern and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00056-00014319-00014494 effective navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00057-00014495-00014727 this investment will ensure protection
PlQQeQQTMuA-00058-00014728-00014935 of our maritime borders
PlQQeQQTMuA-00059-00014936-00015199 secure our immediate northern approaches
PlQQeQQTMuA-00060-00015200-00015350 and the proximate sea lines of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00061-00015351-00015494 communication
PlQQeQQTMuA-00062-00015495-00015727 and enable us to project force
PlQQeQQTMuA-00063-00015728-00016015 in the maritime environment
PlQQeQQTMuA-00064-00016016-00016247 this session will review examine and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00065-00016247-00016391 evaluate
PlQQeQQTMuA-00066-00016392-00016630 the australian ecosystem
PlQQeQQTMuA-00067-00016631-00016822 approach to its maritime domain and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00068-00016823-00017055 maritime capability and consider the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00069-00017056-00017286 inputs of foreign policy industry
PlQQeQQTMuA-00070-00017287-00017535 education and small business to the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00071-00017536-00017814 delivery of security and prosperity
PlQQeQQTMuA-00072-00017815-00018127 through a whole of government lens
PlQQeQQTMuA-00073-00018128-00018279 as mentioned we've got a slightly
PlQQeQQTMuA-00074-00018280-00018486 changed lineup today
PlQQeQQTMuA-00075-00018487-00018639 but all speakers
PlQQeQQTMuA-00076-00018640-00018830 have got great experience
PlQQeQQTMuA-00077-00018831-00018983 in this area and will bring some
PlQQeQQTMuA-00078-00018984-00019127 interesting views
PlQQeQQTMuA-00079-00019128-00019358 initially i'd like to ask mr tony dalton
PlQQeQQTMuA-00080-00019359-00019527 to come up and conduct the initial
PlQQeQQTMuA-00081-00019528-00019663 keynote address
PlQQeQQTMuA-00082-00019664-00019855 mr dalton is a deputy secretary of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00083-00019856-00020055 national naval shipbuilding he's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00084-00020056-00020214 responsible for national naval
PlQQeQQTMuA-00085-00020215-00020358 shipbuilding within the capability
PlQQeQQTMuA-00086-00020359-00020591 acquisition and sustainment group in the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00087-00020592-00020758 department of defense
PlQQeQQTMuA-00088-00020759-00020975 he comes to this job after a long career
PlQQeQQTMuA-00089-00020976-00021191 in the navy where he was most recently
PlQQeQQTMuA-00090-00021192-00021335 responsible for the delivery of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00091-00021336-00021527 shipbuilding programs including the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00092-00021528-00021750 hunter class frigate and the arafura
PlQQeQQTMuA-00093-00021751-00021983 class offshore patrol vessel
PlQQeQQTMuA-00094-00021984-00022183 previously tony served as the project
PlQQeQQTMuA-00095-00022184-00022414 director for navy aviation projects
PlQQeQQTMuA-00096-00022415-00022663 within the defence material organisation
PlQQeQQTMuA-00097-00022664-00022855 the director general naval aviation
PlQQeQQTMuA-00098-00022856-00023047 systems and the head of helicopter
PlQQeQQTMuA-00099-00023048-00023855 systems division
PlQQeQQTMuA-00100-00023856-00024047 he left out the best part the first 20
PlQQeQQTMuA-00101-00024048-00024278 years as a naval aviator
PlQQeQQTMuA-00102-00024279-00024471 and there's no irony in in the fact that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00103-00024472-00024639 a naval aviator is now responsible for
PlQQeQQTMuA-00104-00024640-00024814 delivering all of navy's ships and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00105-00024815-00024983 submarines
PlQQeQQTMuA-00106-00024984-00025142 and i'll just have a chat to you today
PlQQeQQTMuA-00107-00025143-00025367 about some of those aspects some so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00108-00025368-00025606 really i'm responsible for the naval
PlQQeQQTMuA-00109-00025607-00025814 shipbuilding enterprise and we want to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00110-00025816-00025911 talk a little bit today about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00111-00025912-00026078 commonality of purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-00112-00026079-00026287 well enable shipbuilding enterprise is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00113-00026288-00026527 all about commonality of purpose that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00114-00026527-00026735 common purpose that draws us all
PlQQeQQTMuA-00115-00026736-00027014 together about how do we deliver
PlQQeQQTMuA-00116-00027016-00027199 on the government's intent to create
PlQQeQQTMuA-00117-00027200-00027407 continuous naval shipbuilding at the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00118-00027408-00027590 same time as delivering potent naval
PlQQeQQTMuA-00119-00027591-00027911 capability into the hands of our navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00120-00027912-00028151 so that enterprise itself is uh the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00121-00028152-00028495 enterprise word is the key part about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00122-00028495-00028767 how we view that commonality of purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-00123-00028768-00028958 that the unifying
PlQQeQQTMuA-00124-00028960-00029174 activity that brings us all together and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00125-00029175-00029446 we are treating it as a whole enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-00126-00029447-00029743 so that's from our end users the sailors
PlQQeQQTMuA-00127-00029744-00029887 that go down to the sea and ships and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00128-00029888-00030039 will continue to go down to the sea and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00129-00030039-00030239 ships for generations to come
PlQQeQQTMuA-00130-00030239-00030383 all the way through to the industrial
PlQQeQQTMuA-00131-00030383-00030639 base that has to deliver that capability
PlQQeQQTMuA-00132-00030639-00030831 so when we look at how that enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-00133-00030832-00031023 actually fits together how do we
PlQQeQQTMuA-00134-00031024-00031239 actually create an enterprise out of a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00135-00031239-00031551 series of projects and move away from
PlQQeQQTMuA-00136-00031552-00031790 the old shipbuilding programs that we
PlQQeQQTMuA-00137-00031791-00032023 had in australia that were definitely
PlQQeQQTMuA-00138-00032024-00032246 boom and bust so we'd build a ship
PlQQeQQTMuA-00139-00032247-00032423 building program we would build the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00140-00032424-00032662 anzac class frigates and then nothing
PlQQeQQTMuA-00141-00032663-00032807 would follow on behind it and the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00142-00032808-00033127 industrial base would erode an atrophy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00143-00033128-00033311 and then at the next program we would
PlQQeQQTMuA-00144-00033312-00033583 then have to restart that whole process
PlQQeQQTMuA-00145-00033584-00033743 again and there's a premium to be paid
PlQQeQQTMuA-00146-00033744-00033918 for doing that so the enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-00147-00033919-00034151 approach is a very deliberate process
PlQQeQQTMuA-00148-00034152-00034335 where we want to take
PlQQeQQTMuA-00149-00034336-00034527 all the programs that are lined up into
PlQQeQQTMuA-00150-00034528-00034735 the future and look at them in a way
PlQQeQQTMuA-00151-00034736-00035015 where we can create continuous naval
PlQQeQQTMuA-00152-00035016-00035231 shipbuilding now there will be an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00153-00035232-00035535 inherent tension in that because the end
PlQQeQQTMuA-00154-00035536-00035711 user might want the ships earlier
PlQQeQQTMuA-00155-00035712-00035927 sometimes our strategic circumstances
PlQQeQQTMuA-00156-00035928-00036111 might change and we're seeing some of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00157-00036112-00036351 that happen as we speak and we'll look
PlQQeQQTMuA-00158-00036352-00036607 at how the enterprise can adapt to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00159-00036608-00036935 deliver on those new challenges but the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00160-00036936-00037159 trick is to treat it still as an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00161-00037160-00037390 enterprise that allows us to do lots of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00162-00037391-00037639 other things so there's a whole bunch of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00163-00037640-00037767 sector first that we're actually
PlQQeQQTMuA-00164-00037768-00037959 achieving in the naval shipbuilding
PlQQeQQTMuA-00165-00037960-00038055 enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-00166-00038056-00038190 and one of the ones about that is a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00167-00038191-00038374 really coordinated approach with
PlQQeQQTMuA-00168-00038375-00038615 industry with academia with our
PlQQeQQTMuA-00169-00038616-00038815 vocational education and training
PlQQeQQTMuA-00170-00038816-00039039 partners about how do we set up the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00171-00039040-00039239 enterprise for success
PlQQeQQTMuA-00172-00039240-00039430 with our primes with our prime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00173-00039431-00039718 contractors we have now worked
PlQQeQQTMuA-00174-00039719-00040039 and for the very first time in australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00175-00040040-00040343 our prime contractors have all agreed to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00176-00040344-00040671 share their workforce demand data and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00177-00040672-00040958 that's a really big step normally this
PlQQeQQTMuA-00178-00040959-00041183 is data that's held quite closely inside
PlQQeQQTMuA-00179-00041184-00041407 these companies and they have all agreed
PlQQeQQTMuA-00180-00041408-00041607 to share it that means that we have a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00181-00041608-00041927 very granular view of what the workforce
PlQQeQQTMuA-00182-00041928-00042190 demand is across the enterprise for the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00183-00042191-00042415 next 10 years and beyond
PlQQeQQTMuA-00184-00042416-00042662 that allows us to use the levers of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00185-00042663-00042846 government and the whole of government
PlQQeQQTMuA-00186-00042847-00043062 is involved in the enterprise and i can
PlQQeQQTMuA-00187-00043063-00043399 go into education and help
PlQQeQQTMuA-00188-00043400-00043702 set policy that will deliver the supply
PlQQeQQTMuA-00189-00043703-00043999 side to that workforce requirement
PlQQeQQTMuA-00190-00044000-00044262 they're really big changes we've also
PlQQeQQTMuA-00191-00044263-00044567 agreed across the entire sector a common
PlQQeQQTMuA-00192-00044568-00044879 job taxonomy so we describe all the jobs
PlQQeQQTMuA-00193-00044880-00045174 the same way across the entire
PlQQeQQTMuA-00194-00045175-00045383 enterprise and that allows us to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00195-00045384-00045599 actually compare apples with apples it
PlQQeQQTMuA-00196-00045600-00045823 allows people to translate between
PlQQeQQTMuA-00197-00045824-00046158 programs far more easily as we as we do
PlQQeQQTMuA-00198-00046159-00046246 that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00199-00046247-00046462 and then the part about the enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-00200-00046463-00046679 that we most are focused on
PlQQeQQTMuA-00201-00046680-00046862 is you know why do we want to build
PlQQeQQTMuA-00202-00046863-00047102 ships in australia and the real key
PlQQeQQTMuA-00203-00047103-00047295 reason for wanting to build ships in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00204-00047296-00047607 australia is to create a sovereign
PlQQeQQTMuA-00205-00047608-00047902 sustainment capability and that's the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00206-00047903-00048207 end goal for the whole process is to be
PlQQeQQTMuA-00207-00048208-00048479 able to operate the ships that we own in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00208-00048480-00048615 a sovereign
PlQQeQQTMuA-00209-00048616-00048711 way
PlQQeQQTMuA-00210-00048712-00049046 unfettered by external pressures as much
PlQQeQQTMuA-00211-00049047-00049318 as we can possibly do that now in the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00212-00049319-00049543 ship building side of it about sixty
PlQQeQQTMuA-00213-00049544-00049743 percent of all the dollars we spend in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00214-00049744-00049927 shipbuilding are actually spent in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00215-00049928-00050039 australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00216-00050040-00050335 in sustainment about eighty percent of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00217-00050336-00050551 all the dollars we spend are actually
PlQQeQQTMuA-00218-00050552-00050790 spent in australia and we spend
PlQQeQQTMuA-00219-00050791-00051030 a significant amount of money in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00220-00051031-00051238 sustainment right now the naval
PlQQeQQTMuA-00221-00051239-00051454 sustainment budget is around about two
PlQQeQQTMuA-00222-00051455-00051663 billion dollars a year
PlQQeQQTMuA-00223-00051664-00051902 over the next decade that will grow and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00224-00051903-00052119 will double in size
PlQQeQQTMuA-00225-00052120-00052287 so there's significant investment in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00226-00052288-00052559 sustainment and in fact right now what
PlQQeQQTMuA-00227-00052560-00052879 we spend annually in sustainment is more
PlQQeQQTMuA-00228-00052879-00053054 than what we spend annually in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00229-00053055-00053175 acquisition
PlQQeQQTMuA-00230-00053176-00053399 as our programs ramp up a little bit
PlQQeQQTMuA-00231-00053400-00053607 that will change
PlQQeQQTMuA-00232-00053608-00053871 but right now we're spending more money
PlQQeQQTMuA-00233-00053872-00054071 in sustainment so when you look at the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00234-00054072-00054247 whole enterprise what we're trying to do
PlQQeQQTMuA-00235-00054248-00054471 is bring that all together
PlQQeQQTMuA-00236-00054472-00054679 we have set up an organization that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00237-00054679-00054975 helps us do that from a in industry side
PlQQeQQTMuA-00238-00054976-00055126 the naval shipbuilding college which is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00239-00055127-00055319 a bit of a misnomer it's not really a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00240-00055320-00055494 college there's no bricks and mortars
PlQQeQQTMuA-00241-00055495-00055623 and they're not actually teaching people
PlQQeQQTMuA-00242-00055624-00055823 things but they're actually working with
PlQQeQQTMuA-00243-00055824-00056015 our academic institutions to make sure
PlQQeQQTMuA-00244-00056016-00056263 that the degrees that people study at
PlQQeQQTMuA-00245-00056264-00056526 university are tailored towards ship
PlQQeQQTMuA-00246-00056527-00056750 building that the vocational education
PlQQeQQTMuA-00247-00056751-00056879 that happens
PlQQeQQTMuA-00248-00056879-00057111 with welders with boilermakers is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00249-00057112-00057271 tailored towards the shipbuilding
PlQQeQQTMuA-00250-00057272-00057471 outcomes and once those courses are
PlQQeQQTMuA-00251-00057472-00057679 accredited then all of the industry will
PlQQeQQTMuA-00252-00057679-00058007 accept that qualification as part of the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00253-00058008-00058303 entry process into the enterprise so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00254-00058304-00058503 these are really kind of groundbreaking
PlQQeQQTMuA-00255-00058504-00058766 things they are they do involve
PlQQeQQTMuA-00256-00058767-00059007 all of government
PlQQeQQTMuA-00257-00059008-00059150 and we we actually pull all that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00258-00059151-00059415 together to create that enterprise view
PlQQeQQTMuA-00259-00059416-00059638 and again as the theme suggests a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00260-00059639-00059863 commonality of purpose and that really
PlQQeQQTMuA-00261-00059864-00060071 does help us focus
PlQQeQQTMuA-00262-00060072-00060350 on all of those activities so that's the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00263-00060351-00060599 that's the real key part
PlQQeQQTMuA-00264-00060600-00060879 of that message i think as we move
PlQQeQQTMuA-00265-00060879-00061135 through the process as uh as chris said
PlQQeQQTMuA-00266-00061136-00061287 the naval shipbuilding plan was
PlQQeQQTMuA-00267-00061288-00061566 published in 2017 was built around four
PlQQeQQTMuA-00268-00061567-00061742 key programs
PlQQeQQTMuA-00269-00061744-00061975 and we've seen those programs grow and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00270-00061976-00062303 we've also seen the government adapt to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00271-00062304-00062479 our changing circumstances and that has
PlQQeQQTMuA-00272-00062479-00062703 affected one of those key programs so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00273-00062704-00062911 the attack class submarine program you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00274-00062912-00063103 would have realized last year
PlQQeQQTMuA-00275-00063104-00063247 the government has made the decision to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00276-00063248-00063447 move forward with nuclear-powered
PlQQeQQTMuA-00277-00063448-00063638 submarines and that has created a little
PlQQeQQTMuA-00278-00063639-00063863 bit of turbulence in the workforce and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00279-00063864-00064063 in the enterprise but the remarkable
PlQQeQQTMuA-00280-00064064-00064247 thing about the enterprise is over that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00281-00064248-00064479 period of time how much resilience we
PlQQeQQTMuA-00282-00064479-00064654 have built into it and i think
PlQQeQQTMuA-00283-00064655-00064871 resilience from that industrial base is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00284-00064872-00065071 a really important aspect again a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00285-00065072-00065311 commonality of purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-00286-00065312-00065494 i uh
PlQQeQQTMuA-00287-00065495-00065567 i
PlQQeQQTMuA-00288-00065568-00065919 i quite often um reflect on
PlQQeQQTMuA-00289-00065920-00066143 the public narrative around the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00290-00066144-00066263 shipbuilding
PlQQeQQTMuA-00291-00066264-00066447 enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-00292-00066448-00066526 and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00293-00066527-00066838 over the last two years we've all lived
PlQQeQQTMuA-00294-00066839-00066935 through
PlQQeQQTMuA-00295-00066936-00067215 the global covert pandemic
PlQQeQQTMuA-00296-00067216-00067494 and it's great to be here and see people
PlQQeQQTMuA-00297-00067495-00067638 in the flesh
PlQQeQQTMuA-00298-00067639-00067879 but we're not out of it by any means but
PlQQeQQTMuA-00299-00067880-00068047 there's a different level of acceptance
PlQQeQQTMuA-00300-00068048-00068311 across our community around the impacts
PlQQeQQTMuA-00301-00068312-00068438 of covert
PlQQeQQTMuA-00302-00068439-00068631 for most of us if you think about going
PlQQeQQTMuA-00303-00068632-00068894 out to buy a new car or a smart tv
PlQQeQQTMuA-00304-00068895-00069126 you have to wait um
PlQQeQQTMuA-00305-00069127-00069350 i was speaking to a chat yesterday who's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00306-00069351-00069703 just ordered a new v8 mustang
PlQQeQQTMuA-00307-00069704-00069847 it will arrive
PlQQeQQTMuA-00308-00069848-00070055 next february
PlQQeQQTMuA-00309-00070056-00070350 and that seems to be okay we all accept
PlQQeQQTMuA-00310-00070351-00070638 that covert has impacted some of those
PlQQeQQTMuA-00311-00070639-00070847 industries in different ways and you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00312-00070848-00071015 know the availability of chips and all
PlQQeQQTMuA-00313-00071016-00071150 of those things that go towards
PlQQeQQTMuA-00314-00071151-00071375 manufacturing cars
PlQQeQQTMuA-00315-00071376-00071623 we we go okay well if i want my v8
PlQQeQQTMuA-00316-00071624-00071871 mustang i'm happy to wait until next
PlQQeQQTMuA-00317-00071872-00072167 february i have 11 month delay in one of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00318-00072168-00072487 my offshore patrol vessel programs
PlQQeQQTMuA-00319-00072488-00072831 i think that is a remarkable story that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00320-00072832-00073047 we've over the course of the pandemic
PlQQeQQTMuA-00321-00073048-00073335 that we have contained the impact to a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00322-00073336-00073582 relatively small delay that demonstrates
PlQQeQQTMuA-00323-00073583-00073759 remarkable
PlQQeQQTMuA-00324-00073760-00073967 resilience across the enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-00325-00073968-00074167 remarkable as a resilience across the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00326-00074168-00074335 industry
PlQQeQQTMuA-00327-00074336-00074567 but the narrative quite often doesn't
PlQQeQQTMuA-00328-00074568-00074847 reflect that in a in a way and i'm i'm
PlQQeQQTMuA-00329-00074848-00075038 okay with that but i do think it's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00330-00075039-00075238 important that we do recognize that the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00331-00075239-00075462 commonality of purpose across our
PlQQeQQTMuA-00332-00075463-00075703 industry the commonality that you get
PlQQeQQTMuA-00333-00075704-00075862 when you bring together people in an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00334-00075863-00076071 enterprise approach to business does
PlQQeQQTMuA-00335-00076072-00076303 actually generate positive outcomes and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00336-00076304-00076519 that resilience that we can see across
PlQQeQQTMuA-00337-00076520-00076655 the shipbuilding enterprise at the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00338-00076656-00076871 moment is a reflection of that so i
PlQQeQQTMuA-00339-00076872-00077038 think there's while there's definitely
PlQQeQQTMuA-00340-00077039-00077326 challenges and what we do is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00341-00077327-00077519 is not for the faint-hearted the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00342-00077520-00077743 shipbuilding enterprise itself is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00343-00077744-00077975 working it is demonstrating that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00344-00077976-00078182 resilience it is demonstrating what you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00345-00078183-00078494 get when you have a commonality of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00346-00078495-00078767 purpose and i'll probably leave it at
PlQQeQQTMuA-00347-00078768-00079429 that chris
PlQQeQQTMuA-00348-00079430-00079671 [Applause]
PlQQeQQTMuA-00349-00079672-00079815 thank you tony
PlQQeQQTMuA-00350-00079816-00079959 your description of the scope of the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00351-00079960-00080103 ship building
PlQQeQQTMuA-00352-00080104-00080255 and importantly the sustainment
PlQQeQQTMuA-00353-00080256-00080438 enterprise in australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00354-00080439-00080606 has really highlighted the breadth and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00355-00080607-00080782 uh not just the breadth of the depth of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00356-00080783-00080982 that enterprise across our australian
PlQQeQQTMuA-00357-00080983-00081119 landscape and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00358-00081120-00081319 it's an enormous undertaking and which
PlQQeQQTMuA-00359-00081320-00081494 will take in a whole bunch
PlQQeQQTMuA-00360-00081495-00081735 of industry academia and all other
PlQQeQQTMuA-00361-00081736-00082015 aspects and really a national effort and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00362-00082016-00082175 you're right how we've been able to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00363-00082176-00082311 manage that through covert is quite
PlQQeQQTMuA-00364-00082312-00082526 remarkable and it's a shame that on
PlQQeQQTMuA-00365-00082527-00082718 occasions we don't necessarily get the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00366-00082719-00082862 credit for the great work that you and a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00367-00082863-00083094 team do
PlQQeQQTMuA-00368-00083095-00083382 next we'll move to mr justin hayhurst
PlQQeQQTMuA-00369-00083383-00083582 mr hayhurst is the deputy secretary of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00370-00083583-00083791 the geostrategic group in the department
PlQQeQQTMuA-00371-00083792-00083935 of foreign affairs
PlQQeQQTMuA-00372-00083936-00084126 prior to assuming the position of deputy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00373-00084127-00084391 secretary mr hayers was first assistant
PlQQeQQTMuA-00374-00084392-00084591 secretary international division
PlQQeQQTMuA-00375-00084592-00084743 department of the prime minister and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00376-00084744-00084862 cabinet
PlQQeQQTMuA-00377-00084863-00085143 he was lead drafter of australia's 2017
PlQQeQQTMuA-00378-00085144-00085375 foreign policy white paper and first
PlQQeQQTMuA-00379-00085376-00085535 assistant secretary in the foreign
PlQQeQQTMuA-00380-00085536-00085826 policy white paper task force
PlQQeQQTMuA-00381-00085827-00086871 2016-2017 justin
PlQQeQQTMuA-00382-00086872-00087135 thanks uh rear admiral thanks very much
PlQQeQQTMuA-00383-00087136-00087311 uh good afternoon
PlQQeQQTMuA-00384-00087312-00087462 everybody
PlQQeQQTMuA-00385-00087463-00087662 i want to start just by acknowledging
PlQQeQQTMuA-00386-00087663-00087918 the traditional custodians of the land
PlQQeQQTMuA-00387-00087919-00088094 here that we're meeting on the galigal
PlQQeQQTMuA-00388-00088095-00088350 people of the urination and i want to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00389-00088351-00088518 acknowledge
PlQQeQQTMuA-00390-00088519-00088711 the contribution they make to the region
PlQQeQQTMuA-00391-00088712-00088911 and pay my respects to their elders past
PlQQeQQTMuA-00392-00088912-00089118 present and emerging and extend that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00393-00089119-00089294 respect to any
PlQQeQQTMuA-00394-00089295-00089494 and all aboriginal and torres strait
PlQQeQQTMuA-00395-00089495-00089750 islander peoples here today
PlQQeQQTMuA-00396-00089751-00089975 i'm really glad to be here to talk about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00397-00089976-00090103 this
PlQQeQQTMuA-00398-00090104-00090303 these important issues
PlQQeQQTMuA-00399-00090304-00090431 including
PlQQeQQTMuA-00400-00090432-00090567 i suppose
PlQQeQQTMuA-00401-00090568-00090799 from a foreign policy point of view not
PlQQeQQTMuA-00402-00090800-00091015 just diplomacy but
PlQQeQQTMuA-00403-00091016-00091494 but integrated statecraft more broadly
PlQQeQQTMuA-00404-00091495-00091887 australia and our partners we face a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00405-00091888-00092103 complicated external environment
PlQQeQQTMuA-00406-00092104-00092391 including in the maritime domain
PlQQeQQTMuA-00407-00092392-00092599 and one thing i think that is clear is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00408-00092600-00092791 that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00409-00092792-00093071 responses to that environment
PlQQeQQTMuA-00410-00093072-00093303 aren't just security responses we need
PlQQeQQTMuA-00411-00093304-00093487 other tools as well
PlQQeQQTMuA-00412-00093488-00093638 to respond
PlQQeQQTMuA-00413-00093639-00093855 and shape
PlQQeQQTMuA-00414-00093856-00094047 i think this sort of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00415-00094048-00094271 at a simple level there's three things
PlQQeQQTMuA-00416-00094272-00094431 that uh
PlQQeQQTMuA-00417-00094432-00094703 foreign policy needs to do
PlQQeQQTMuA-00418-00094704-00094959 uh or three factors that you need to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00419-00094960-00095111 think about with foreign policy of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00420-00095112-00095231 course governments and we've got an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00421-00095232-00095438 election at the moment we'll decide the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00422-00095439-00095631 exact policy formulations but there's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00423-00095632-00095799 three buckets of issues one of them is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00424-00095800-00095887 your
PlQQeQQTMuA-00425-00095888-00096023 domestic
PlQQeQQTMuA-00426-00096024-00096287 capability and power and resilience and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00427-00096288-00096406 cohesion
PlQQeQQTMuA-00428-00096407-00096559 so that's about the economy it's about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00429-00096560-00096735 your military capability it's about your
PlQQeQQTMuA-00430-00096736-00096959 other security tools
PlQQeQQTMuA-00431-00096960-00097071 the more
PlQQeQQTMuA-00432-00097072-00097303 effective that is the more you can use
PlQQeQQTMuA-00433-00097304-00097518 that the better off you'll be as a state
PlQQeQQTMuA-00434-00097519-00097703 same with your partners
PlQQeQQTMuA-00435-00097704-00097959 so you've got to think about that aspect
PlQQeQQTMuA-00436-00097960-00098159 second one is a balance of power
PlQQeQQTMuA-00437-00098160-00098238 question
PlQQeQQTMuA-00438-00098239-00098431 how that works
PlQQeQQTMuA-00439-00098432-00098671 how power is distributed and exercised
PlQQeQQTMuA-00440-00098672-00098918 in the world
PlQQeQQTMuA-00441-00098919-00099191 clearly uh naval power is central to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00442-00099192-00099423 that there's no serious country that has
PlQQeQQTMuA-00443-00099424-00099615 strategic ambitions or a strategic
PlQQeQQTMuA-00444-00099616-00099782 vision that doesn't have
PlQQeQQTMuA-00445-00099783-00099967 naval capabilities
PlQQeQQTMuA-00446-00099968-00100174 the fastest growing power in the world
PlQQeQQTMuA-00447-00100175-00100391 arguably china the one that's shifting
PlQQeQQTMuA-00448-00100392-00100623 and changing the strategic environment
PlQQeQQTMuA-00449-00100624-00100871 is investing as all growing powers have
PlQQeQQTMuA-00450-00100872-00101038 in extensive
PlQQeQQTMuA-00451-00101039-00101262 naval capabilities
PlQQeQQTMuA-00452-00101263-00101415 so the distribution of power we've got
PlQQeQQTMuA-00453-00101416-00101591 to think about that how do we respond to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00454-00101592-00101879 it and shape it through defence
PlQQeQQTMuA-00455-00101880-00102047 through statecraft through diplomacy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00456-00102048-00102191 through other means
PlQQeQQTMuA-00457-00102192-00102359 and the last
PlQQeQQTMuA-00458-00102360-00102551 thing that i
PlQQeQQTMuA-00459-00102552-00102742 think about um
PlQQeQQTMuA-00460-00102743-00102886 it's really about the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00461-00102888-00103110 regional order or the global order the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00462-00103111-00103318 rules of the road
PlQQeQQTMuA-00463-00103319-00103590 international law norms
PlQQeQQTMuA-00464-00103591-00103682 those
PlQQeQQTMuA-00465-00103683-00103918 intangibles or
PlQQeQQTMuA-00466-00103919-00104182 as the government said in 2017 in its
PlQQeQQTMuA-00467-00104183-00104351 foreign policy white paper the thing
PlQQeQQTMuA-00468-00104352-00104551 that matters to australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00469-00104552-00104790 is not just how power's distributed it's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00470-00104791-00105071 also the character of the regional order
PlQQeQQTMuA-00471-00105072-00105319 is it open is it law based is it power
PlQQeQQTMuA-00472-00105320-00105431 based
PlQQeQQTMuA-00473-00105432-00105639 is it democratic is it non-democratic is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00474-00105640-00105854 it market-based that stuff
PlQQeQQTMuA-00475-00105855-00105934 so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00476-00105935-00106071 i've got to think about those three
PlQQeQQTMuA-00477-00106072-00106327 things
PlQQeQQTMuA-00478-00106328-00106471 i don't need to sort of belabor the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00479-00106472-00106654 points about the maritime dimensions to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00480-00106655-00106831 all of this for a country like australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00481-00106832-00106975 three oceans
PlQQeQQTMuA-00482-00106976-00107215 a region bound and connected by sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-00483-00107216-00107383 lanes
PlQQeQQTMuA-00484-00107383-00107623 an alliance partner of the united states
PlQQeQQTMuA-00485-00107624-00107966 with critical lines of communication
PlQQeQQTMuA-00486-00107967-00108151 nation
PlQQeQQTMuA-00487-00108152-00108375 uh a nation that seeks its future in a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00488-00108376-00108575 region
PlQQeQQTMuA-00489-00108576-00108766 where
PlQQeQQTMuA-00490-00108767-00108934 power
PlQQeQQTMuA-00491-00108935-00109207 and rules are being contested
PlQQeQQTMuA-00492-00109208-00109439 including in the maritime domain
PlQQeQQTMuA-00493-00109440-00109695 like in the south china sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-00494-00109696-00109878 the other thing of course though and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00495-00109879-00110023 this applies to australia and our
PlQQeQQTMuA-00496-00110024-00110199 partners in the pacific and southeast
PlQQeQQTMuA-00497-00110200-00110407 asia is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00498-00110408-00110702 maritime issues are more than just
PlQQeQQTMuA-00499-00110703-00110951 military and power equations there's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00500-00110952-00111086 also
PlQQeQQTMuA-00501-00111088-00111351 depleted fisheries illegal fishing
PlQQeQQTMuA-00502-00111352-00111599 piracy environmental threats
PlQQeQQTMuA-00503-00111600-00111783 got to respond to them all an australian
PlQQeQQTMuA-00504-00111783-00112007 agenda for the indo-pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-00505-00112008-00112151 that doesn't
PlQQeQQTMuA-00506-00112152-00112590 have tools to respond to those issues
PlQQeQQTMuA-00507-00112591-00112790 and cannot make a contribution won't be
PlQQeQQTMuA-00508-00112791-00113102 very effective so the bottom line for me
PlQQeQQTMuA-00509-00113103-00113199 is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00510-00113200-00113431 we need a multi-dimensional response to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00511-00113432-00113678 these challenges
PlQQeQQTMuA-00512-00113679-00113886 defense's strategic update talks about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00513-00113888-00114166 shaping deterring and responding
PlQQeQQTMuA-00514-00114167-00114407 that makes sense
PlQQeQQTMuA-00515-00114408-00114615 the foreign minister of australia talks
PlQQeQQTMuA-00516-00114616-00115039 about resilience relationships and rules
PlQQeQQTMuA-00517-00115040-00115263 shadow foreign minister talks about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00518-00115264-00115463 power and influence
PlQQeQQTMuA-00519-00115464-00115639 regional relationships in the u.s
PlQQeQQTMuA-00520-00115640-00115807 alliance
PlQQeQQTMuA-00521-00115808-00116031 the one fundamental truth for australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00522-00116032-00116247 and this conference bears it out but it
PlQQeQQTMuA-00523-00116248-00116415 comes through in lots of other ways is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00524-00116416-00116558 that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00525-00116559-00116775 of course australia has agency and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00526-00116776-00117063 capabilities and power but
PlQQeQQTMuA-00527-00117064-00117183 we can't
PlQQeQQTMuA-00528-00117183-00117390 achieve our objectives on our own
PlQQeQQTMuA-00529-00117391-00117502 clearly
PlQQeQQTMuA-00530-00117503-00117710 only through partnerships
PlQQeQQTMuA-00531-00117711-00117990 alliances cooperation can we hope to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00532-00117991-00118190 shape the region and protect our vital
PlQQeQQTMuA-00533-00118191-00118334 interests
PlQQeQQTMuA-00534-00118335-00118551 so these partnerships are enablers of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00535-00118552-00118886 australia's security and prosperity
PlQQeQQTMuA-00536-00118888-00119078 and that you know is the business of the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00537-00119079-00119407 department that i represent
PlQQeQQTMuA-00538-00119408-00119671 so maritime domain big problems
PlQQeQQTMuA-00539-00119672-00119871 multifaceted multi-dimensional ones we
PlQQeQQTMuA-00540-00119872-00120119 have different tools for different tasks
PlQQeQQTMuA-00541-00120120-00120343 orcas for example
PlQQeQQTMuA-00542-00120344-00120551 it's about high-end capability and hard
PlQQeQQTMuA-00543-00120552-00120783 power to contribute to deterrence
PlQQeQQTMuA-00544-00120783-00120934 that means australia can make a bigger
PlQQeQQTMuA-00545-00120935-00121247 contribution to regional security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00546-00121248-00121454 maritime capacity building in regions
PlQQeQQTMuA-00547-00121455-00121623 whether it's in fisheries or in the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00548-00121624-00121766 defense domain
PlQQeQQTMuA-00549-00121767-00121934 or supporting the sustainable use of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00550-00121935-00122102 marine resources
PlQQeQQTMuA-00551-00122103-00122286 that matters too
PlQQeQQTMuA-00552-00122288-00122614 we need an integrated response
PlQQeQQTMuA-00553-00122615-00122799 the other thing of course that we need
PlQQeQQTMuA-00554-00122800-00123063 to do is fortify the rules
PlQQeQQTMuA-00555-00123064-00123286 which support
PlQQeQQTMuA-00556-00123288-00123519 good order at sea as it says here in my
PlQQeQQTMuA-00557-00123520-00123639 notes
PlQQeQQTMuA-00558-00123640-00123823 unklos the ewing convention on the law
PlQQeQQTMuA-00559-00123824-00123990 of the sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-00560-00123991-00124102 um
PlQQeQQTMuA-00561-00124103-00124278 having the rules and then having the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00562-00124279-00124502 capability to use and exercise those
PlQQeQQTMuA-00563-00124503-00124599 rules
PlQQeQQTMuA-00564-00124600-00124839 so when i think of australia maintaining
PlQQeQQTMuA-00565-00124840-00125054 a strong operational presence obviously
PlQQeQQTMuA-00566-00125055-00125223 it relies on our capability and our
PlQQeQQTMuA-00567-00125224-00125431 power but we're operating in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00568-00125432-00125590 international
PlQQeQQTMuA-00569-00125591-00125710 waters
PlQQeQQTMuA-00570-00125711-00125807 or
PlQQeQQTMuA-00571-00125808-00125966 um
PlQQeQQTMuA-00572-00125967-00126166 in the air according to international
PlQQeQQTMuA-00573-00126167-00126310 law we've got to do the both things
PlQQeQQTMuA-00574-00126311-00126423 together
PlQQeQQTMuA-00575-00126424-00126558 the department of foreign affairs and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00576-00126559-00126814 trade or dfat for short that's what we
PlQQeQQTMuA-00577-00126815-00127014 do together with defence and other
PlQQeQQTMuA-00578-00127015-00127190 agencies
PlQQeQQTMuA-00579-00127191-00127327 so we support
PlQQeQQTMuA-00580-00127328-00127654 defence operations we enable them
PlQQeQQTMuA-00581-00127655-00128047 we support enable and sometimes fund
PlQQeQQTMuA-00582-00128048-00128278 abf australian border force maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00583-00128279-00128399 command
PlQQeQQTMuA-00584-00128400-00128575 work with regional partners to build
PlQQeQQTMuA-00585-00128576-00128831 their capacity
PlQQeQQTMuA-00586-00128832-00128990 the australian fisheries management
PlQQeQQTMuA-00587-00128991-00129158 authority is important the department of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00588-00129159-00129447 agriculture water and environment csiro
PlQQeQQTMuA-00589-00129448-00129566 our sort of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00590-00129567-00129799 peak research institution
PlQQeQQTMuA-00591-00129800-00129990 we work with them
PlQQeQQTMuA-00592-00129991-00130190 through our development program to help
PlQQeQQTMuA-00593-00130191-00130463 our partners tackle illegal unregulated
PlQQeQQTMuA-00594-00130464-00130639 and unreported fishing we do that in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00595-00130640-00130799 timor we do that in the pacific we do
PlQQeQQTMuA-00596-00130800-00131007 that in southeast asia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00597-00131008-00131214 we support fund and enable the pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-00598-00131215-00131487 island forum fisheries agency
PlQQeQQTMuA-00599-00131488-00131654 to protect the fisheries and the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00600-00131655-00131983 sovereign rights of our pacific partners
PlQQeQQTMuA-00601-00131984-00132111 those states
PlQQeQQTMuA-00602-00132112-00132366 small island states to some large ocean
PlQQeQQTMuA-00603-00132367-00132639 states to themselves
PlQQeQQTMuA-00604-00132640-00132839 need support from their partners i think
PlQQeQQTMuA-00605-00132840-00133111 to build that capacity and combat
PlQQeQQTMuA-00606-00133112-00133454 iu fishing
PlQQeQQTMuA-00607-00133455-00133671 it's got some positive results already
PlQQeQQTMuA-00608-00133672-00133759 so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00609-00133760-00133902 we're starting to manage
PlQQeQQTMuA-00610-00133903-00134151 tuna stocks more sustainably
PlQQeQQTMuA-00611-00134152-00134359 we've got community fisheries plans in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00612-00134360-00134639 kiribati solomon islands and vanuatu
PlQQeQQTMuA-00613-00134640-00134807 that goes hand in glove with our defence
PlQQeQQTMuA-00614-00134808-00134990 partnerships to build the regional order
PlQQeQQTMuA-00615-00134991-00135263 that we want
PlQQeQQTMuA-00616-00135264-00135423 so when you think about defence's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00617-00135424-00135671 contribution 21 guardian class patrol
PlQQeQQTMuA-00618-00135672-00135814 boats that's part of it but there are
PlQQeQQTMuA-00619-00135815-00136127 other tools as well so i'm in southeast
PlQQeQQTMuA-00620-00136128-00136214 asia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00621-00136215-00136366 we're doing it in indonesia we have a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00622-00136367-00136639 maritime cooperation plan of action
PlQQeQQTMuA-00623-00136640-00136902 we train other governments and share
PlQQeQQTMuA-00624-00136903-00137087 expertise and learn from them about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00625-00137088-00137295 applying the law of the sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-00626-00137296-00137463 and about managing and mapping our own
PlQQeQQTMuA-00627-00137464-00137695 marine resources
PlQQeQQTMuA-00628-00137696-00137911 our work with india
PlQQeQQTMuA-00629-00137912-00138135 growing an influential partner
PlQQeQQTMuA-00630-00138136-00138278 is influential in defence and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00631-00138279-00138463 non-defense terms when we think about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00632-00138464-00138719 our oceans
PlQQeQQTMuA-00633-00138720-00138863 and when we think about australia's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00634-00138864-00139087 diplomacy and policy to the south china
PlQQeQQTMuA-00635-00139088-00139335 sea for example
PlQQeQQTMuA-00636-00139336-00139543 this is where the law and the rules come
PlQQeQQTMuA-00637-00139544-00139711 into it
PlQQeQQTMuA-00638-00139712-00139902 we seek to protect and promote a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00639-00139903-00140083 rules-based
PlQQeQQTMuA-00640-00140084-00140359 system and what happens there matters
PlQQeQQTMuA-00641-00140360-00140583 not only to the countries
PlQQeQQTMuA-00642-00140584-00140766 of the immediate region or to the whole
PlQQeQQTMuA-00643-00140767-00141007 indo-pacific but globally
PlQQeQQTMuA-00644-00141008-00141175 you know there's no from our point of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00645-00141176-00141343 view in australia there's no insiders
PlQQeQQTMuA-00646-00141344-00141583 and outsiders on these matters
PlQQeQQTMuA-00647-00141584-00141751 international waterways the global
PlQQeQQTMuA-00648-00141752-00141951 commons what matters there affects you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00649-00141952-00142119 know what what happens there affects us
PlQQeQQTMuA-00650-00142120-00142190 all
PlQQeQQTMuA-00651-00142191-00142390 matters to us all so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00652-00142391-00142583 from australia's point of view building
PlQQeQQTMuA-00653-00142584-00142743 that capacity standing for those
PlQQeQQTMuA-00654-00142744-00142975 principles working with partners
PlQQeQQTMuA-00655-00142976-00143231 shaping influencing that is an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00656-00143232-00143463 integrated agenda and that is something
PlQQeQQTMuA-00657-00143464-00143711 we've got to get right
PlQQeQQTMuA-00658-00143712-00143895 just by way of concluding i just want to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00659-00143896-00144223 go back to those two fundamental points
PlQQeQQTMuA-00660-00144224-00144383 there's the stuff at home well we won't
PlQQeQQTMuA-00661-00144384-00144551 talk about that now
PlQQeQQTMuA-00662-00144552-00144751 but power and how it's distributed
PlQQeQQTMuA-00663-00144752-00144959 that's what we need to get right but
PlQQeQQTMuA-00664-00144960-00145223 then it's the character of the order
PlQQeQQTMuA-00665-00145224-00145407 and that's what integrated statecraft
PlQQeQQTMuA-00666-00145408-00145654 means being able to work on both of them
PlQQeQQTMuA-00667-00145655-00145775 different governments will have
PlQQeQQTMuA-00668-00145776-00145935 different points of emphasis but
PlQQeQQTMuA-00669-00145936-00146175 fundamentally that's the task
PlQQeQQTMuA-00670-00146176-00146383 facing australia so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00671-00146384-00146551 on that note thanks very much for the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00672-00146552-00146814 invitation and i look forward to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00673-00146815-00147502 further discussion thank you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00674-00147503-00147719 thank you justin uh for highlighting
PlQQeQQTMuA-00675-00147720-00147951 that global influences
PlQQeQQTMuA-00676-00147952-00148175 have an impact on our national responses
PlQQeQQTMuA-00677-00148176-00148407 and others actually have a say
PlQQeQQTMuA-00678-00148408-00148487 and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00679-00148488-00148695 your ability to highlight the complexity
PlQQeQQTMuA-00680-00148696-00148887 of that domestically uh
PlQQeQQTMuA-00681-00148888-00149111 um was fantastic and look forward to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00682-00149112-00149239 some of the questions that'll roll out
PlQQeQQTMuA-00683-00149240-00149351 of there
PlQQeQQTMuA-00684-00149352-00149654 for our third speaker today um this one
PlQQeQQTMuA-00685-00149655-00149839 we called up with 10 minutes notice so i
PlQQeQQTMuA-00686-00149840-00150014 do appreciate
PlQQeQQTMuA-00687-00150015-00150166 justin coming forward we're admiral
PlQQeQQTMuA-00688-00150167-00150326 justin jones
PlQQeQQTMuA-00689-00150327-00150551 extensive seagoing career within the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00690-00150552-00150687 navy which
PlQQeQQTMuA-00691-00150688-00150887 culminated in commands of the god of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00692-00150888-00151143 missile frigate newcastle and the tanker
PlQQeQQTMuA-00693-00151144-00151287 success
PlQQeQQTMuA-00694-00151288-00151551 justin has also had roles ashore as the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00695-00151552-00151775 director of the sea power center
PlQQeQQTMuA-00696-00151776-00151943 commodore training
PlQQeQQTMuA-00697-00151944-00152214 j3 and our joint operations command and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00698-00152215-00152335 is currently the commander of the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00699-00152336-00152543 maritime border command
PlQQeQQTMuA-00700-00152544-00152751 integrating and bringing together many
PlQQeQQTMuA-00701-00152752-00152871 of the things that we've been talking
PlQQeQQTMuA-00702-00152872-00153071 about today so far so thank you for
PlQQeQQTMuA-00703-00153072-00153278 joining us late notice justin and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00704-00153279-00154502 i invite you to the mic
PlQQeQQTMuA-00705-00154503-00154726 thanks chris and uh so apologies in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00706-00154727-00154911 advance if this seems uh somewhat
PlQQeQQTMuA-00707-00154912-00155207 unconstructed but um i'll i'll give it a
PlQQeQQTMuA-00708-00155208-00155326 shot
PlQQeQQTMuA-00709-00155327-00155495 um
PlQQeQQTMuA-00710-00155496-00155759 maritime border command is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00711-00155760-00156126 not a coast guard but it is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00712-00156127-00156383 as close as one can get to a conception
PlQQeQQTMuA-00713-00156384-00156623 of a coast guard in australia i want to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00714-00156624-00156783 describe to you what it is because for
PlQQeQQTMuA-00715-00156784-00157063 many here it won't be that familiar
PlQQeQQTMuA-00716-00157064-00157319 but commonality of purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-00717-00157320-00157575 is foremost in our minds in maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00718-00157576-00157790 border command
PlQQeQQTMuA-00719-00157791-00157919 it is an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00720-00157920-00158214 operationally it is the operational arm
PlQQeQQTMuA-00721-00158215-00158599 of an operationally independent
PlQQeQQTMuA-00722-00158600-00158814 command within the department of home
PlQQeQQTMuA-00723-00158815-00159126 affairs i.e i report to the commissioner
PlQQeQQTMuA-00724-00159127-00159343 of the australian border force
PlQQeQQTMuA-00725-00159344-00159647 maritime border command brings together
PlQQeQQTMuA-00726-00159648-00159759 people
PlQQeQQTMuA-00727-00159760-00160087 assets and contracted assets from the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00728-00160088-00160263 australian border force
PlQQeQQTMuA-00729-00160264-00160495 the australian defense force all three
PlQQeQQTMuA-00730-00160496-00160631 services
PlQQeQQTMuA-00731-00160632-00160831 the australian federal police
PlQQeQQTMuA-00732-00160832-00161054 the national intelligence community
PlQQeQQTMuA-00733-00161055-00161343 public servants liaison officers
PlQQeQQTMuA-00734-00161344-00161766 and a strong international network
PlQQeQQTMuA-00735-00161767-00162095 we are responsible for australia's civil
PlQQeQQTMuA-00736-00162096-00162271 maritime security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00737-00162272-00162495 now what does that mean
PlQQeQQTMuA-00738-00162496-00162751 civil maritime security advances and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00739-00162752-00162951 protects australia's interests by
PlQQeQQTMuA-00740-00162952-00163295 actively managing non-military risks to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00741-00163296-00163502 australia and australia's maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00742-00163503-00163735 domain
PlQQeQQTMuA-00743-00163736-00163854 let me just
PlQQeQQTMuA-00744-00163855-00164143 frame the problem for you for a moment
PlQQeQQTMuA-00745-00164144-00164399 i think everyone understands how vast
PlQQeQQTMuA-00746-00164400-00164687 our maritime zones are
PlQQeQQTMuA-00747-00164688-00164838 and you're probably familiar with some
PlQQeQQTMuA-00748-00164839-00164999 of the diagrams
PlQQeQQTMuA-00749-00165000-00165207 going around
PlQQeQQTMuA-00750-00165208-00165423 let me obviously offer you some other
PlQQeQQTMuA-00751-00165424-00165726 statistics drawn from the very recently
PlQQeQQTMuA-00752-00165727-00165943 published australian government civil
PlQQeQQTMuA-00753-00165944-00166183 maritime security strategy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00754-00166184-00166311 you're probably all aware that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00755-00166312-00166647 australia's area of maritime domain and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00756-00166648-00166863 interest covers 10
PlQQeQQTMuA-00757-00166864-00167023 of the earth's surface
PlQQeQQTMuA-00758-00167024-00167263 now that that is our search and rescue
PlQQeQQTMuA-00759-00167264-00167390 region
PlQQeQQTMuA-00760-00167391-00167623 uh commensurate with that is our
PlQQeQQTMuA-00761-00167624-00167871 security forces area
PlQQeQQTMuA-00762-00167872-00168078 for which maritime command the maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00763-00168079-00168359 border command is responsible
PlQQeQQTMuA-00764-00168360-00168607 around 70 of australia's jurisdiction
PlQQeQQTMuA-00765-00168608-00168902 lies beneath the ocean surface
PlQQeQQTMuA-00766-00168903-00169190 45 of our national waters are marine
PlQQeQQTMuA-00767-00169191-00169495 protected areas
PlQQeQQTMuA-00768-00169496-00169726 over 80 percent of australia's trade
PlQQeQQTMuA-00769-00169727-00169943 transits through our maritime domain
PlQQeQQTMuA-00770-00169944-00170207 with 1.2 billion dollars worth of trade
PlQQeQQTMuA-00771-00170208-00170438 moving through australian seaports every
PlQQeQQTMuA-00772-00170439-00170575 day
PlQQeQQTMuA-00773-00170576-00170807 six out of ten of australia's top
PlQQeQQTMuA-00774-00170808-00171087 attractions are aquatic or coastal
PlQQeQQTMuA-00775-00171088-00171231 attractions
PlQQeQQTMuA-00776-00171232-00171399 and australia was the world's eighth
PlQQeQQTMuA-00777-00171400-00171638 largest international tourism market in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00778-00171639-00171863 2019
PlQQeQQTMuA-00779-00171864-00172063 australia's ocean economy is predicted
PlQQeQQTMuA-00780-00172064-00172335 to contribute 100 billion dollars per
PlQQeQQTMuA-00781-00172336-00172823 annum to australia's economy by 2025.
PlQQeQQTMuA-00782-00172824-00172999 our oceans and coasts provide an
PlQQeQQTMuA-00783-00173000-00173231 estimated 25 billion dollars worth of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00784-00173232-00173526 essential ecosystem services such as
PlQQeQQTMuA-00785-00173527-00173790 carbon dioxide absorption nutrient
PlQQeQQTMuA-00786-00173791-00174199 cycling and coastal protection
PlQQeQQTMuA-00787-00174200-00174399 renewable ocean-based energy is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00788-00174400-00174663 estimated to contribute up to 11 percent
PlQQeQQTMuA-00789-00174664-00174847 of australia's total electricity
PlQQeQQTMuA-00790-00174848-00175183 generation by 2050
PlQQeQQTMuA-00791-00175184-00175399 our civil maritime security activities
PlQQeQQTMuA-00792-00175400-00175607 are critical for disrupting criminal
PlQQeQQTMuA-00793-00175608-00175759 organizations
PlQQeQQTMuA-00794-00175760-00176119 in 2018 2019 in particular
PlQQeQQTMuA-00795-00176120-00176366 72 percent of amphetamine type
PlQQeQQTMuA-00796-00176367-00176766 stimulants 83 of cannabis and 72 of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00797-00176767-00177071 cocaine were imported to australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00798-00177072-00177359 by sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-00799-00177360-00177543 that's the problem set
PlQQeQQTMuA-00800-00177544-00177854 what are the threats within that uh the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00801-00177855-00178111 declared eight civil maritime security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00802-00178112-00178287 threats that we work to in maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00803-00178288-00178431 border command
PlQQeQQTMuA-00804-00178432-00178775 are illegal activity in protected areas
PlQQeQQTMuA-00805-00178776-00178975 illegal exploitation of natural
PlQQeQQTMuA-00806-00178976-00179143 resources
PlQQeQQTMuA-00807-00179144-00179311 marine pollution
PlQQeQQTMuA-00808-00179312-00179614 prohibited imports and exports
PlQQeQQTMuA-00809-00179615-00179902 unauthorized maritime arrivals
PlQQeQQTMuA-00810-00179903-00180214 compromise to biosecurity
PlQQeQQTMuA-00811-00180215-00180559 piracy robbery or violence at sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-00812-00180560-00180919 and maritime terrorism
PlQQeQQTMuA-00813-00180920-00181111 now does anyone here think that i can do
PlQQeQQTMuA-00814-00181112-00181254 that with
PlQQeQQTMuA-00815-00181255-00181590 five patrol boats five avf patrol boats
PlQQeQQTMuA-00816-00181591-00181847 half a dozen aircraft across that vast
PlQQeQQTMuA-00817-00181848-00182071 area
PlQQeQQTMuA-00818-00182072-00182207 well this is where commonality of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00819-00182208-00182447 purpose comes in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00820-00182448-00182671 we work with
PlQQeQQTMuA-00821-00182672-00182814 across the whole of government to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00822-00182815-00183095 achieve that important civil maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00823-00183096-00183271 security mission
PlQQeQQTMuA-00824-00183272-00183438 so here are some of the departments that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00825-00183439-00183575 we work with
PlQQeQQTMuA-00826-00183576-00183783 on almost a daily basis in maritime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00827-00183784-00183990 border command the department of prime
PlQQeQQTMuA-00828-00183991-00184207 minister and cabinet the department of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00829-00184208-00184319 defense
PlQQeQQTMuA-00830-00184320-00184535 the department of foreign affairs and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00831-00184536-00184775 trade and justin just made a great point
PlQQeQQTMuA-00832-00184776-00185095 about international norms it is just as
PlQQeQQTMuA-00833-00185096-00185454 important for us to be working as far
PlQQeQQTMuA-00834-00185455-00185711 forward or as far advanced from the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00835-00185712-00186063 problem set as we can so we work closely
PlQQeQQTMuA-00836-00186064-00186319 with our posts overseas whether they
PlQQeQQTMuA-00837-00186320-00186575 have abf liaison officers or not in
PlQQeQQTMuA-00838-00186576-00186790 those posts
PlQQeQQTMuA-00839-00186791-00187023 department of agriculture water and the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00840-00187024-00187183 environment the department of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00841-00187184-00187407 infrastructure and transport how do you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00842-00187408-00187623 think we get fuel to christmas island or
PlQQeQQTMuA-00843-00187624-00187759 cocos island
PlQQeQQTMuA-00844-00187760-00187911 the australian fisheries management
PlQQeQQTMuA-00845-00187912-00188119 authority who has responsibility for
PlQQeQQTMuA-00846-00188120-00188399 managing the australian fishery
PlQQeQQTMuA-00847-00188400-00188663 the australian maritime safety authority
PlQQeQQTMuA-00848-00188664-00188999 states territories
PlQQeQQTMuA-00849-00189000-00189190 i don't command any of those and i don't
PlQQeQQTMuA-00850-00189191-00189463 have any authorities over any of those
PlQQeQQTMuA-00851-00189464-00189550 so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00852-00189551-00189871 my greatest lever we have
PlQQeQQTMuA-00853-00189872-00190047 in achieving our mission of civil
PlQQeQQTMuA-00854-00190048-00190238 maritime security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00855-00190239-00190495 is a commonality of purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-00856-00190496-00190735 what we refer to as the team australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-00857-00190736-00191031 approach
PlQQeQQTMuA-00858-00191032-00191311 it is a big problem and a big problem
PlQQeQQTMuA-00859-00191312-00191607 set that i've described and there is no
PlQQeQQTMuA-00860-00191608-00191887 way that one small entity that we are
PlQQeQQTMuA-00861-00191888-00192063 can can possibly achieve what we are
PlQQeQQTMuA-00862-00192064-00192278 supposed to achieve without bringing
PlQQeQQTMuA-00863-00192279-00192478 together
PlQQeQQTMuA-00864-00192479-00192735 all arms of the government
PlQQeQQTMuA-00865-00192736-00193078 all tools of statecraft
PlQQeQQTMuA-00866-00193079-00193343 even for civil maritime security as much
PlQQeQQTMuA-00867-00193344-00193623 as we might think about military
PlQQeQQTMuA-00868-00193624-00193831 maritime security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00869-00193832-00194102 so i appeal to the narrative
PlQQeQQTMuA-00870-00194103-00194247 the brand
PlQQeQQTMuA-00871-00194248-00194487 for the simon sinek fans out there
PlQQeQQTMuA-00872-00194488-00194647 the why
PlQQeQQTMuA-00873-00194648-00194975 understanding the why of what we do is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00874-00194976-00195223 the best tool i have to galvanize the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00875-00195224-00195407 whole of government contribution to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00876-00195408-00195614 civil maritime security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00877-00195615-00195759 for us to achieve what we need to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00878-00195760-00195919 achieve i'll leave it there and you can
PlQQeQQTMuA-00879-00195920-00196671 tackle me on questions afterwards
PlQQeQQTMuA-00880-00196672-00196911 thank you very much for presenting yet
PlQQeQQTMuA-00881-00196912-00197038 another lens in which to view the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00882-00197039-00197214 maritime security and also the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00883-00197215-00197454 challenges of generating the commonality
PlQQeQQTMuA-00884-00197455-00197663 of purpose that we spoke about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00885-00197664-00197863 that concludes the formal speaking part
PlQQeQQTMuA-00886-00197864-00198054 as we go forward so
PlQQeQQTMuA-00887-00198055-00198214 we'll have a number of questions rolling
PlQQeQQTMuA-00888-00198215-00198350 through now they've already started to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00889-00198351-00198487 come through so if you do have any
PlQQeQQTMuA-00890-00198488-00198638 questions there please
PlQQeQQTMuA-00891-00198639-00198814 push those through on the app and we'll
PlQQeQQTMuA-00892-00198815-00199343 tackle them as we go forward
PlQQeQQTMuA-00893-00199344-00199623 the first question
PlQQeQQTMuA-00894-00199624-00199823 first question that's come through
PlQQeQQTMuA-00895-00199824-00200095 for justin hayhurst how do you see the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00896-00200096-00200271 relationship between china and the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00897-00200272-00200519 solomon islands if the china solomon
PlQQeQQTMuA-00898-00200520-00200678 islands relationship comes to be
PlQQeQQTMuA-00899-00200679-00200911 stronger how might australia respond
PlQQeQQTMuA-00900-00200912-00201063 constructively
PlQQeQQTMuA-00901-00201064-00201287 what events might raise to the level of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00902-00201288-00201654 a red line
PlQQeQQTMuA-00903-00201655-00202063 nice easy one to warm up uh
PlQQeQQTMuA-00904-00202064-00202326 not very well canvassed or known about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00905-00202327-00202623 publicly so a little obscure to some
PlQQeQQTMuA-00906-00202624-00202799 um
PlQQeQQTMuA-00907-00202800-00202959 look
PlQQeQQTMuA-00908-00202960-00203102 i think it's pretty clear from the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00909-00203103-00203311 comments on the record from ministers
PlQQeQQTMuA-00910-00203312-00203390 that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00911-00203391-00203607 australia and indeed
PlQQeQQTMuA-00912-00203608-00203783 the opposition that australia has
PlQQeQQTMuA-00913-00203784-00203966 concerns
PlQQeQQTMuA-00914-00203967-00204150 about that agreement
PlQQeQQTMuA-00915-00204151-00204390 principally relating
PlQQeQQTMuA-00916-00204391-00204623 to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00917-00204624-00204894 the transparency or lack thereof behind
PlQQeQQTMuA-00918-00204896-00205158 it
PlQQeQQTMuA-00919-00205159-00205423 and also the potential effect
PlQQeQQTMuA-00920-00205423-00205679 on regional security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00921-00205680-00205871 and the fact that it
PlQQeQQTMuA-00922-00205871-00206190 has an impact uh beyond the purely
PlQQeQQTMuA-00923-00206191-00206382 bilateral
PlQQeQQTMuA-00924-00206383-00206542 the other thing though that's very clear
PlQQeQQTMuA-00925-00206544-00206646 throughout
PlQQeQQTMuA-00926-00206648-00206919 commentary uh from australian officials
PlQQeQQTMuA-00927-00206919-00207134 ministers and the opposition
PlQQeQQTMuA-00928-00207135-00207494 is a strong focus on
PlQQeQQTMuA-00929-00207496-00207655 the sovereign
PlQQeQQTMuA-00930-00207656-00207894 capacity of solomon islands and its
PlQQeQQTMuA-00931-00207896-00208086 sovereign right to make decisions in its
PlQQeQQTMuA-00932-00208087-00208255 own security
PlQQeQQTMuA-00933-00208256-00208414 i'm not going to go into the red line
PlQQeQQTMuA-00934-00208415-00208534 business but
PlQQeQQTMuA-00935-00208535-00208855 the bottom line for australia is clearly
PlQQeQQTMuA-00936-00208856-00209079 it's an important partner it's a country
PlQQeQQTMuA-00937-00209080-00209310 that's relatively near our shores by
PlQQeQQTMuA-00938-00209311-00209486 australian standards
PlQQeQQTMuA-00939-00209487-00209655 we have a long history of support and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00940-00209656-00209903 partnership on security internal
PlQQeQQTMuA-00941-00209904-00210110 development
PlQQeQQTMuA-00942-00210111-00210423 labor mobility and the stronger that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00943-00210423-00210606 partnership is the more we work on its
PlQQeQQTMuA-00944-00210607-00210894 capacity and the more we work regionally
PlQQeQQTMuA-00945-00210896-00211063 in the pacific through the pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-00946-00211064-00211271 island forum the more we're going to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00947-00211271-00211494 have effective security responses to
PlQQeQQTMuA-00948-00211496-00211710 security challenges
PlQQeQQTMuA-00949-00211711-00211887 all countries in the world are obviously
PlQQeQQTMuA-00950-00211888-00212206 going to trade and engage with
PlQQeQQTMuA-00951-00212207-00212375 china
PlQQeQQTMuA-00952-00212376-00212582 the world's largest economy the world's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00953-00212583-00212839 largest trading nation this is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00954-00212840-00213094 really though about
PlQQeQQTMuA-00955-00213096-00213375 the effectiveness of pacific responses
PlQQeQQTMuA-00956-00213376-00213679 to pacific problems by pacific island
PlQQeQQTMuA-00957-00213680-00214015 forum members i think that's um
PlQQeQQTMuA-00958-00214016-00214191 i think that's as far as i'll go right
PlQQeQQTMuA-00959-00214192-00214527 now on that thank you
PlQQeQQTMuA-00960-00214528-00214751 the next question to tony dalton noting
PlQQeQQTMuA-00961-00214752-00215023 the uk's indo-pacific tilt how will the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00962-00215023-00215255 hunter class program enhance australia's
PlQQeQQTMuA-00963-00215256-00215471 relationship with the royal navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00964-00215471-00215703 of all the challenges we must overcome
PlQQeQQTMuA-00965-00215704-00215951 to make the hunters a success what is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00966-00215952-00216310 the largest challenge in your view
PlQQeQQTMuA-00967-00216311-00216471 all right
PlQQeQQTMuA-00968-00216471-00216679 so i'd start off with
PlQQeQQTMuA-00969-00216680-00216942 the hunter class frigate is based on the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00970-00216944-00217127 global combat ship
PlQQeQQTMuA-00971-00217128-00217327 reference design
PlQQeQQTMuA-00972-00217328-00217558 that is now a reference design that
PlQQeQQTMuA-00973-00217559-00217775 serves both the royal navy and the royal
PlQQeQQTMuA-00974-00217776-00218119 canadian navy who are also a pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-00975-00218119-00218223 ocean
PlQQeQQTMuA-00976-00218223-00218319 navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-00977-00218319-00218615 so that the commonality there across
PlQQeQQTMuA-00978-00218616-00218958 those three platforms does enhance our
PlQQeQQTMuA-00979-00218959-00219231 ability to work more closely with both
PlQQeQQTMuA-00980-00219232-00219423 the royal navy and and the royal
PlQQeQQTMuA-00981-00219423-00219687 canadian navy and to be able to support
PlQQeQQTMuA-00982-00219688-00219855 each other
PlQQeQQTMuA-00983-00219856-00220127 into the future from from australia if
PlQQeQQTMuA-00984-00220128-00220294 that's required
PlQQeQQTMuA-00985-00220296-00220455 certainly in a sustainable sense we'll
PlQQeQQTMuA-00986-00220456-00220655 be able to support the royal navy and
PlQQeQQTMuA-00987-00220656-00220942 the canadian navy quite easily should
PlQQeQQTMuA-00988-00220944-00221182 they visit our area
PlQQeQQTMuA-00989-00221183-00221446 so i think that is a positive outcome
PlQQeQQTMuA-00990-00221448-00221623 uh we'll build on a whole range of
PlQQeQQTMuA-00991-00221623-00221863 sensors in that in those ships that we
PlQQeQQTMuA-00992-00221864-00222110 share and the training that will come
PlQQeQQTMuA-00993-00222111-00222375 from it so i think in those senses we
PlQQeQQTMuA-00994-00222376-00222591 can see a very positive outcome by
PlQQeQQTMuA-00995-00222592-00222927 sharing those capabilities the building
PlQQeQQTMuA-00996-00222928-00223294 of the honda class frigate is
PlQQeQQTMuA-00997-00223296-00223494 is like i said earlier on not for the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00998-00223496-00223598 shipbuilding is not for the
PlQQeQQTMuA-00999-00223600-00223791 faint-hearted there are a number of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01000-00223792-00224039 challenges going through that some of it
PlQQeQQTMuA-01001-00224040-00224271 we've already seen with some delays
PlQQeQQTMuA-01002-00224271-00224582 emerging in that program um that delay
PlQQeQQTMuA-01003-00224583-00224734 you know i think you can contribute to a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01004-00224735-00224887 number of things but i would
PlQQeQQTMuA-01005-00224888-00225006 for certainly for the australian
PlQQeQQTMuA-01006-00225007-00225255 audience talk a little bit about covert
PlQQeQQTMuA-01007-00225256-00225510 um while we are
PlQQeQQTMuA-01008-00225511-00225782 you know living in a in the new kind of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01009-00225783-00225934 covert normal
PlQQeQQTMuA-01010-00225935-00226119 environment um australia had a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01011-00226119-00226239 reasonably
PlQQeQQTMuA-01012-00226240-00226446 um straightforward experience with
PlQQeQQTMuA-01013-00226448-00226663 covert being an island nation and being
PlQQeQQTMuA-01014-00226664-00226863 able to learn lessons from the world as
PlQQeQQTMuA-01015-00226864-00227127 the covert pandemic migrated across the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01016-00227128-00227294 planet we were able to control covert in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01017-00227296-00227494 a way that some other countries didn't
PlQQeQQTMuA-01018-00227496-00227782 quite get the same opportunities to do
PlQQeQQTMuA-01019-00227783-00228039 where the type 26 is being designed in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01020-00228040-00228167 scotland
PlQQeQQTMuA-01021-00228167-00228310 their covert experience was very
PlQQeQQTMuA-01022-00228311-00228671 different to ours 10 000 people died of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01023-00228671-00228958 covert in scotland
PlQQeQQTMuA-01024-00228959-00229127 that's a number that australians really
PlQQeQQTMuA-01025-00229128-00229423 don't quite grasp most of the time the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01026-00229423-00229671 design office in scottsdale in scotland
PlQQeQQTMuA-01027-00229671-00229846 was shut down for four months
PlQQeQQTMuA-01028-00229848-00230119 you can't do ship design on your home
PlQQeQQTMuA-01029-00230119-00230223 computer
PlQQeQQTMuA-01030-00230223-00230487 so those things did impact our program
PlQQeQQTMuA-01031-00230488-00230639 and we are making our way through it
PlQQeQQTMuA-01032-00230640-00230791 from an australian perspective the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01033-00230792-00230998 biggest risk is going to always be the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01034-00231000-00231271 strategic human resource risk how do we
PlQQeQQTMuA-01035-00231271-00231510 build the skilled workforce
PlQQeQQTMuA-01036-00231511-00231719 and scale it in time to actually be able
PlQQeQQTMuA-01037-00231719-00232103 to get that program running smoothly
PlQQeQQTMuA-01038-00232104-00232246 the government has invested
PlQQeQQTMuA-01039-00232248-00232431 significantly in infrastructure we've
PlQQeQQTMuA-01040-00232432-00232639 built a state-of-the-art digital
PlQQeQQTMuA-01041-00232640-00232815 shipyard at osborne an investment of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01042-00232816-00233071 over 530 million dollars
PlQQeQQTMuA-01043-00233071-00233231 in that and we're running prototype
PlQQeQQTMuA-01044-00233232-00233431 blocks through that shipyard now
PlQQeQQTMuA-01045-00233432-00233631 demonstrating how efficient that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01046-00233632-00233839 shipyard will be so i've got a great
PlQQeQQTMuA-01047-00233840-00234063 confidence that once we start building
PlQQeQQTMuA-01048-00234064-00234263 the ships we'll be able to build them
PlQQeQQTMuA-01049-00234264-00234479 efficiently effectively
PlQQeQQTMuA-01050-00234480-00234575 and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01051-00234576-00234719 in a way that we'll be able to meet the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01052-00234719-00234919 navy's requirements
PlQQeQQTMuA-01053-00234919-00235103 yeah thank you and for those young
PlQQeQQTMuA-01054-00235104-00235375 junior officers out there i walked over
PlQQeQQTMuA-01055-00235376-00235582 glasgow late last year
PlQQeQQTMuA-01056-00235583-00235710 and it is a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01057-00235711-00235958 impressive vessel and the opportunities
PlQQeQQTMuA-01058-00235959-00236151 for us to work together in developing
PlQQeQQTMuA-01059-00236152-00236334 the mission systems the concept of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01060-00236335-00236471 operating
PlQQeQQTMuA-01061-00236471-00236646 and a range of other aspects of that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01062-00236648-00236815 vessel which will be a centre of a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01063-00236816-00237063 network not just a platform in our
PlQQeQQTMuA-01064-00237064-00237271 historical view of a frigate will
PlQQeQQTMuA-01065-00237271-00237479 provide opportunities for
PlQQeQQTMuA-01066-00237480-00237679 the royal navy the royal canadian navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-01067-00237680-00237863 and the royal australian navy to work
PlQQeQQTMuA-01068-00237864-00238023 together
PlQQeQQTMuA-01069-00238023-00238206 and with a commonality of purpose to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01070-00238207-00238334 ensure that we can enhance that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01071-00238335-00238582 capability uh for global operations it's
PlQQeQQTMuA-01072-00238583-00238855 a very exciting time in that platform
PlQQeQQTMuA-01073-00238856-00239046 uh staying with you tony what is the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01074-00239048-00239206 relationship between the shipbuilding
PlQQeQQTMuA-01075-00239207-00239367 enterprise and the nuclear-powered
PlQQeQQTMuA-01076-00239367-00239615 submarine enterprise
PlQQeQQTMuA-01077-00239616-00239839 uh well
PlQQeQQTMuA-01078-00239840-00240015 australia is uh
PlQQeQQTMuA-01079-00240016-00240231 is embarking on a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01080-00240232-00240415 an ambitious and i've heard it actually
PlQQeQQTMuA-01081-00240416-00240630 said a few times audacious shipbuilding
PlQQeQQTMuA-01082-00240631-00240751 program
PlQQeQQTMuA-01083-00240752-00240942 that includes now you know at least
PlQQeQQTMuA-01084-00240944-00241206 eight nuclear-powered submarines
PlQQeQQTMuA-01085-00241207-00241303 um
PlQQeQQTMuA-01086-00241304-00241591 i often talk about scale when we when we
PlQQeQQTMuA-01087-00241592-00241710 when we talk a little bit about some of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01088-00241711-00241887 these programs and especially in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01089-00241888-00242206 relationship to in relation to orcas
PlQQeQQTMuA-01090-00242207-00242455 there's 330 million americans
PlQQeQQTMuA-01091-00242456-00242687 there are 70 million brits and there are
PlQQeQQTMuA-01092-00242688-00243006 about 26 million australians so scale
PlQQeQQTMuA-01093-00243007-00243246 matters and when we talk about trying to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01094-00243248-00243446 integrate the nuclear-powered submarine
PlQQeQQTMuA-01095-00243448-00243679 program into the australian context it
PlQQeQQTMuA-01096-00243680-00243871 has to be viewed in inside the context
PlQQeQQTMuA-01097-00243871-00244087 of the enterprise that commonality of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01098-00244088-00244198 purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-01099-00244200-00244430 how do we make sure that industry can
PlQQeQQTMuA-01100-00244431-00244679 scale to support this new program and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01101-00244680-00244863 the way to do that is to actually have
PlQQeQQTMuA-01102-00244864-00245198 that enterprise approach to it um
PlQQeQQTMuA-01103-00245200-00245415 admiral mead is working through
PlQQeQQTMuA-01104-00245416-00245646 a process he's in many ways trying to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01105-00245648-00245879 climb mount everest without oxygen
PlQQeQQTMuA-01106-00245880-00246055 because it's such a big task over the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01107-00246056-00246215 rest of this year
PlQQeQQTMuA-01108-00246216-00246527 and he's his team will work trilaterally
PlQQeQQTMuA-01109-00246528-00246734 with our partners in the united states
PlQQeQQTMuA-01110-00246735-00246934 and the united kingdom to develop the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01111-00246935-00247167 optimal pathway for australia to deliver
PlQQeQQTMuA-01112-00247167-00247382 that nuclear-powered submarine and how
PlQQeQQTMuA-01113-00247383-00247510 they fit into the enterprise is
PlQQeQQTMuA-01114-00247511-00247734 absolutely part of what admiral mead's
PlQQeQQTMuA-01115-00247735-00247998 program is doing and we'll support him
PlQQeQQTMuA-01116-00248000-00248255 in that herculean task
PlQQeQQTMuA-01117-00248256-00248439 as he takes that back to government next
PlQQeQQTMuA-01118-00248440-00248655 year so they will absolutely be part of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01119-00248656-00248830 the enterprise a little bit how they
PlQQeQQTMuA-01120-00248831-00248991 deliver that will still be probably
PlQQeQQTMuA-01121-00248992-00249191 dependent on what the optimal pathway
PlQQeQQTMuA-01122-00249192-00249334 looks like
PlQQeQQTMuA-01123-00249335-00249510 and we'll work through that over the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01124-00249511-00249791 next a little while as we develop that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01125-00249792-00250287 optimal pathway
PlQQeQQTMuA-01126-00250288-00250519 thank you and uh next we'll go to uh
PlQQeQQTMuA-01127-00250519-00250767 we're admiral jones noting that the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01128-00250767-00250951 maritime border force advances the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01129-00250952-00251167 australian civil interests that is to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01130-00251167-00251375 say protects the national nation against
PlQQeQQTMuA-01131-00251376-00251582 crime what are the challenges which
PlQQeQQTMuA-01132-00251583-00251767 arise from the appointment of a naval
PlQQeQQTMuA-01133-00251767-00252142 officer in command
PlQQeQQTMuA-01134-00252144-00252358 none that i'm aware of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01135-00252359-00252567 i'm actually a swarm australian border
PlQQeQQTMuA-01136-00252567-00252742 force officer as well
PlQQeQQTMuA-01137-00252744-00252951 although they won't give me a badge i'll
PlQQeQQTMuA-01138-00252952-00253310 be disappointed about that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01139-00253311-00253463 i kind of come back to my point about
PlQQeQQTMuA-01140-00253464-00253671 commonality of purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-01141-00253671-00253942 so it is traditionally been a position
PlQQeQQTMuA-01142-00253944-00254151 that has been
PlQQeQQTMuA-01143-00254152-00254519 staffed by a second naval officer
PlQQeQQTMuA-01144-00254519-00254910 who is a sworn abf officer and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01145-00254911-00255319 uh i've i've outlined you know what
PlQQeQQTMuA-01146-00255319-00255494 what maritime border command is
PlQQeQQTMuA-01147-00255496-00255798 comprised of in terms of of people and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01148-00255800-00256094 agencies that contribute
PlQQeQQTMuA-01149-00256096-00256282 i'm fairly new in the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01150-00256283-00256551 job to be sure that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01151-00256552-00256927 i've not seen any real challenges yet
PlQQeQQTMuA-01152-00256928-00257023 from
PlQQeQQTMuA-01153-00257023-00257198 from the appointment of a naval officer
PlQQeQQTMuA-01154-00257200-00257815 in in command of that entity
PlQQeQQTMuA-01155-00257816-00257975 and one that's a more broader question
PlQQeQQTMuA-01156-00257976-00258246 to the panel so if you're happy to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01157-00258248-00258398 get the talking stick there justin we
PlQQeQQTMuA-01158-00258400-00258591 might start viewing move down how might
PlQQeQQTMuA-01159-00258592-00258830 australia use the navy better as an
PlQQeQQTMuA-01160-00258831-00258982 instrument of statecraft in the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01161-00258983-00259271 indo-pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-01162-00259271-00259527 that's a that's a pretty big question
PlQQeQQTMuA-01163-00259528-00259791 we are doing i think as much with our
PlQQeQQTMuA-01164-00259792-00259894 navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-01165-00259896-00260079 i'm going to draw on two years
PlQQeQQTMuA-01166-00260080-00260327 experience in joint operations command
PlQQeQQTMuA-01167-00260328-00260551 prior to my current role and we are
PlQQeQQTMuA-01168-00260552-00260830 doing about as much with our navy as one
PlQQeQQTMuA-01169-00260831-00261030 can possibly do
PlQQeQQTMuA-01170-00261031-00261327 with the resources we have that is
PlQQeQQTMuA-01171-00261328-00261423 people
PlQQeQQTMuA-01172-00261423-00261567 platforms
PlQQeQQTMuA-01173-00261567-00261679 money
PlQQeQQTMuA-01174-00261680-00261798 time
PlQQeQQTMuA-01175-00261800-00261903 um
PlQQeQQTMuA-01176-00261904-00262063 we're about we're doing as much as we
PlQQeQQTMuA-01177-00262064-00262343 can i think we're getting uh exceptional
PlQQeQQTMuA-01178-00262344-00262543 bang for buck out of our navy it's being
PlQQeQQTMuA-01179-00262544-00262943 worked hard
PlQQeQQTMuA-01180-00262944-00263287 justin
PlQQeQQTMuA-01181-00263288-00263503 it is a big question
PlQQeQQTMuA-01182-00263504-00263743 it is a big question uh
PlQQeQQTMuA-01183-00263744-00263999 i think
PlQQeQQTMuA-01184-00264000-00264134 you know
PlQQeQQTMuA-01185-00264135-00264263 the answer i'm
PlQQeQQTMuA-01186-00264264-00264415 there's two ways of thinking about this
PlQQeQQTMuA-01187-00264416-00264527 of course if the environment
PlQQeQQTMuA-01188-00264528-00264719 deteriorates so much you're on the verge
PlQQeQQTMuA-01189-00264720-00264982 of conflict you get one sort of answer
PlQQeQQTMuA-01190-00264983-00265415 in the environment we're in now
PlQQeQQTMuA-01191-00265416-00265743 presence visibility and a regional focus
PlQQeQQTMuA-01192-00265744-00265951 they're the key things our navy has
PlQQeQQTMuA-01193-00265952-00266230 often as my fellow panelists will know
PlQQeQQTMuA-01194-00266231-00266487 better than me been deployed
PlQQeQQTMuA-01195-00266488-00266734 in other theatres to use a military term
PlQQeQQTMuA-01196-00266735-00266855 but now
PlQQeQQTMuA-01197-00266856-00267079 the indo-pacific is front and center of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01198-00267080-00267391 australia's strategic agenda
PlQQeQQTMuA-01199-00267392-00267599 and our alliances and partnerships are
PlQQeQQTMuA-01200-00267600-00267767 about shaping the indo-pacific so
PlQQeQQTMuA-01201-00267768-00267934 there's a regional focus then we've got
PlQQeQQTMuA-01202-00267935-00268206 to be present and visible to partners
PlQQeQQTMuA-01203-00268207-00268343 some of whom
PlQQeQQTMuA-01204-00268344-00268695 are smaller states than australia
PlQQeQQTMuA-01205-00268696-00269087 some of them larger all of them i think
PlQQeQQTMuA-01206-00269088-00269263 to a degree
PlQQeQQTMuA-01207-00269264-00269455 have questions about some are anxious
PlQQeQQTMuA-01208-00269456-00269623 about some are confident about the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01209-00269624-00269855 future so is australia a partner that's
PlQQeQQTMuA-01210-00269856-00270030 present active
PlQQeQQTMuA-01211-00270031-00270279 uh working closely with them
PlQQeQQTMuA-01212-00270280-00270503 that's the sort of a test we want to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01213-00270504-00270830 we want to get right um
PlQQeQQTMuA-01214-00270831-00271095 if things go awry then it's a different
PlQQeQQTMuA-01215-00271096-00271367 answer i'm afraid
PlQQeQQTMuA-01216-00271368-00271519 yeah i think from uh you know from an
PlQQeQQTMuA-01217-00271520-00271743 enterprise perspective you know
PlQQeQQTMuA-01218-00271744-00271919 our role is to make sure that we have a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01219-00271920-00272134 navy that goes to sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-01220-00272135-00272334 and i think how you influence the region
PlQQeQQTMuA-01221-00272335-00272439 that you're in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01222-00272440-00272719 is by being at sea and so a lot of what
PlQQeQQTMuA-01223-00272720-00272951 we do is making sure that the navy has
PlQQeQQTMuA-01224-00272952-00273110 the capabilities that it needs when it
PlQQeQQTMuA-01225-00273111-00273287 needs it and they're fit for the purpose
PlQQeQQTMuA-01226-00273288-00273623 that navy requires and we do have a navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-01227-00273624-00273887 that goes to sea we spend a lot of time
PlQQeQQTMuA-01228-00273888-00274006 at sea
PlQQeQQTMuA-01229-00274007-00274182 and that's a real bonus and that does
PlQQeQQTMuA-01230-00274183-00274303 shape the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01231-00274304-00274519 indo-pacific in which we're in we also
PlQQeQQTMuA-01232-00274520-00274782 use elements of the enterprise itself to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01233-00274783-00274951 work really closely with our pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-01234-00274952-00275103 island partners
PlQQeQQTMuA-01235-00275104-00275351 and justin touched on the guardian class
PlQQeQQTMuA-01236-00275352-00275527 patrol boat program
PlQQeQQTMuA-01237-00275528-00275791 we're about 14 votes into a 21 boat
PlQQeQQTMuA-01238-00275792-00276015 program and those boats are being gifted
PlQQeQQTMuA-01239-00276016-00276167 by the government of australia to our
PlQQeQQTMuA-01240-00276168-00276447 pacific island partners to help
PlQQeQQTMuA-01241-00276448-00276782 them grow their own security environment
PlQQeQQTMuA-01242-00276783-00276951 and we do that in a way that's not just
PlQQeQQTMuA-01243-00276952-00277191 not parting passing the boats to them
PlQQeQQTMuA-01244-00277192-00277358 but continuing to provide that ongoing
PlQQeQQTMuA-01245-00277359-00277606 support we provide the training we have
PlQQeQQTMuA-01246-00277607-00277887 a great tafe service now in cairns in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01247-00277888-00278215 queensland that helps grow that capacity
PlQQeQQTMuA-01248-00278216-00278406 through with our pacific island partners
PlQQeQQTMuA-01249-00278407-00278567 and i think that's a great way
PlQQeQQTMuA-01250-00278568-00278647 of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01251-00278648-00278879 of demonstrating that we are more than a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01252-00278880-00279095 fair weather friend we are a partner in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01253-00279096-00279255 in the pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-01254-00279256-00279430 that's there to actually help that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01255-00279431-00279606 pacific island family that we're a part
PlQQeQQTMuA-01256-00279607-00279815 of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01257-00279816-00279934 yeah i think i'll
PlQQeQQTMuA-01258-00279935-00280119 extend in the international engagement
PlQQeQQTMuA-01259-00280120-00280263 which is one of my
PlQQeQQTMuA-01260-00280264-00280606 the hats i wear i i look at
PlQQeQQTMuA-01261-00280607-00280910 our navy our navy doesn't operate alone
PlQQeQQTMuA-01262-00280911-00281143 it works in a joint force it works in a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01263-00281144-00281279 whole of government
PlQQeQQTMuA-01264-00281280-00281455 environment but but more importantly
PlQQeQQTMuA-01265-00281456-00281758 when you look at the region we operate
PlQQeQQTMuA-01266-00281759-00282071 with a coalition of partners and friends
PlQQeQQTMuA-01267-00282072-00282271 many of those coalition of partner and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01268-00282272-00282439 friends live in different parts of our
PlQQeQQTMuA-01269-00282440-00282567 region each of those will have a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01270-00282568-00282815 perspective on what is important to them
PlQQeQQTMuA-01271-00282816-00282967 and if you talk to our friends in the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01272-00282968-00283143 pacific
PlQQeQQTMuA-01273-00283144-00283327 climate change and these other issues
PlQQeQQTMuA-01274-00283328-00283567 that are a direct result of that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01275-00283568-00283839 are a very high priority there
PlQQeQQTMuA-01276-00283840-00284134 if you look at other parts of the region
PlQQeQQTMuA-01277-00284135-00284447 then security around maritime resources
PlQQeQQTMuA-01278-00284448-00284615 and aspects of that will become very
PlQQeQQTMuA-01279-00284616-00284751 important as well
PlQQeQQTMuA-01280-00284752-00284951 so i think from a perspective of a navy
PlQQeQQTMuA-01281-00284952-00285167 we need to understand the part we play
PlQQeQQTMuA-01282-00285168-00285327 in the broader joint force in the whole
PlQQeQQTMuA-01283-00285328-00285615 of government we are a tool that is used
PlQQeQQTMuA-01284-00285616-00285919 as as part of but not as an end state in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01285-00285920-00286039 its own right
PlQQeQQTMuA-01286-00286040-00286254 we need to understand our partners and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01287-00286255-00286406 friends we need to understand what is
PlQQeQQTMuA-01288-00286407-00286630 important to them and when we do work
PlQQeQQTMuA-01289-00286631-00286815 with them and deal with them we do so in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01290-00286816-00287054 a way that's mutually beneficial and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01291-00287055-00287215 it's not just something that reflects
PlQQeQQTMuA-01292-00287216-00287495 what our desires are in that space
PlQQeQQTMuA-01293-00287496-00287671 i think also importantly moving to the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01294-00287672-00287871 point that was made around a capability
PlQQeQQTMuA-01295-00287872-00288015 of the ships themselves and what the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01296-00288016-00288134 navy does
PlQQeQQTMuA-01297-00288135-00288334 we need to be able to build partnerships
PlQQeQQTMuA-01298-00288335-00288575 regionally where we can operate together
PlQQeQQTMuA-01299-00288576-00288782 and when we do operate together we
PlQQeQQTMuA-01300-00288783-00289015 reflect the rules-based order
PlQQeQQTMuA-01301-00289016-00289215 we reflect the desired outcomes and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01302-00289216-00289487 behaviors that we want within our region
PlQQeQQTMuA-01303-00289488-00289710 collectively so it continues to
PlQQeQQTMuA-01304-00289711-00289967 reinforce exactly what it is is
PlQQeQQTMuA-01305-00289968-00290151 important to us as a nation and we go
PlQQeQQTMuA-01306-00290152-00290319 back to the character of behaviour that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01307-00290320-00290567 justin spoke about earlier and ensure
PlQQeQQTMuA-01308-00290568-00290823 that what we do reflects
PlQQeQQTMuA-01309-00290824-00291127 those priorities and those principles
PlQQeQQTMuA-01310-00291128-00291303 and we work out ways that we can build
PlQQeQQTMuA-01311-00291304-00291487 the relationships with our partners and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01312-00291488-00291647 friends here
PlQQeQQTMuA-01313-00291648-00291863 and work together to increase our
PlQQeQQTMuA-01314-00291864-00292151 capacity to ensure that we do have that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01315-00292152-00292463 stability going forward
PlQQeQQTMuA-01316-00292464-00292654 we've just been informed that that's the
PlQQeQQTMuA-01317-00292655-00292847 last question there i thank you very
PlQQeQQTMuA-01318-00292848-00293079 much for the input that people have
PlQQeQQTMuA-01319-00293080-00293391 provided i'd like you all to join me in
PlQQeQQTMuA-01320-00293392-00293495 thanking
PlQQeQQTMuA-01321-00293496-00293671 the panel who have done a fabulous job
PlQQeQQTMuA-01322-00293672-00293758 of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01323-00293759-00294087 illuminating the breadth and depth of a
PlQQeQQTMuA-01324-00294088-00294287 commonality of purpose the many lenses
PlQQeQQTMuA-01325-00294288-00294454 in which we can look at it and i think
PlQQeQQTMuA-01326-00294455-00294630 that every time i've been to one of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01327-00294631-00294895 these panel sessions uh the diversity of
PlQQeQQTMuA-01328-00294896-00295006 thoughts and views has really
PlQQeQQTMuA-01329-00295007-00295182 highlighted to me that
PlQQeQQTMuA-01330-00295183-00295358 collectively we need to come together
PlQQeQQTMuA-01331-00295359-00295534 and spend more time listening than
PlQQeQQTMuA-01332-00295535-00295639 speaking
PlQQeQQTMuA-01333-00295640-00295815 understanding the views of others and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01334-00295816-00296030 will come out with much better outcomes
PlQQeQQTMuA-01335-00296031-00296230 both here in australia and
PlQQeQQTMuA-01336-00296231-00296423 in the broader region so please thank
PlQQeQQTMuA-01337-00296424-00296662 the panel who done a great
PlQQeQQTMuA-01338-00296663-00298103 [Applause]
PlQQeQQTMuA-01339-00298104-00298311 you
PlS2XMv44Zk-00000-00000071-00000311 oh lovely
PlS2XMv44Zk-00001-00000312-00000623 now we have arrived at vaca beach now
PlS2XMv44Zk-00002-00000624-00000655 this
PlS2XMv44Zk-00003-00000656-00000991 is a beautiful rock soft white sand
PlS2XMv44Zk-00004-00000992-00001135 beach that stretches for
PlS2XMv44Zk-00005-00001136-00001399 two kilometers along the coast here a
PlS2XMv44Zk-00006-00001400-00001503 small river runs
PlS2XMv44Zk-00007-00001504-00001679 parallel to the beach which means access
PlS2XMv44Zk-00008-00001680-00001839 to the beach is restricted by these
PlS2XMv44Zk-00009-00001839-00002014 little bridges that you have to cross
PlS2XMv44Zk-00010-00002016-00002239 either in the resorts that dot here or
PlS2XMv44Zk-00011-00002240-00002391 just some of the public paths have
PlS2XMv44Zk-00012-00002392-00002455 little
PlS2XMv44Zk-00013-00002456-00002639 bridges across the river so you can get
PlS2XMv44Zk-00014-00002640-00002767 onto this beach and
PlS2XMv44Zk-00015-00002768-00003071 it is gorgeous it is huge
PlS2XMv44Zk-00016-00003072-00003286 and is one of the quieter beaches in the
PlS2XMv44Zk-00017-00003288-00003463 whole of the coast especially for its
PlS2XMv44Zk-00018-00003464-00003527 size
PlS2XMv44Zk-00019-00003528-00003759 really is lovely it's not developed that
PlS2XMv44Zk-00020-00003760-00003967 much on the beach there is a handful of
PlS2XMv44Zk-00021-00003968-00004022 shacks
PlS2XMv44Zk-00022-00004023-00004254 with lots of spaces in between them so
PlS2XMv44Zk-00023-00004255-00004399 i'm going to check here it's like
PlS2XMv44Zk-00024-00004400-00004647 100 meters before the next one they do
PlS2XMv44Zk-00025-00004648-00004847 have sun beds that spill out onto the
PlS2XMv44Zk-00026-00004848-00004999 beach so if you're eating or drinking
PlS2XMv44Zk-00027-00005000-00005070 here
PlS2XMv44Zk-00028-00005071-00005286 you can go and sit in the sun bed free
PlS2XMv44Zk-00029-00005287-00005470 of charge or you can sit at the sun bed
PlS2XMv44Zk-00030-00005471-00005591 and they'll bring your food and drinks
PlS2XMv44Zk-00031-00005592-00005679 there
PlS2XMv44Zk-00032-00005680-00006118 luxury hey it pretty much always remains
PlS2XMv44Zk-00033-00006119-00006270 quiet this beach it's a little bit off
PlS2XMv44Zk-00034-00006271-00006431 the beaten track it's not very well
PlS2XMv44Zk-00035-00006431-00006639 signposted off the main road either
PlS2XMv44Zk-00036-00006640-00006823 so it's almost a little bit of a secret
PlS2XMv44Zk-00037-00006823-00006967 but it does have a bit of
PlS2XMv44Zk-00038-00006968-00007270 everything and hardly anybody so
PlS2XMv44Zk-00039-00007272-00007519 nice and quiet so if you want somewhere
PlS2XMv44Zk-00040-00007520-00007646 with plenty space
PlS2XMv44Zk-00041-00007647-00007855 bit of privacy away from everything but
PlS2XMv44Zk-00042-00007856-00008014 a gorgeous beach
PlS2XMv44Zk-00043-00008015-00008207 sunset will be direct out there as well
PlS2XMv44Zk-00044-00008208-00008399 so a good sunset view like most of the
PlS2XMv44Zk-00045-00008400-00008495 beaches along go
PlS2XMv44Zk-00046-00008496-00008727 to be honest um the sea is okay for
PlS2XMv44Zk-00047-00008728-00008895 swimming in a little bit rough so
PlS2XMv44Zk-00048-00008896-00009063 you'd have to be able to swim to go out
PlS2XMv44Zk-00049-00009064-00009295 in there but it's still nice
PlS2XMv44Zk-00050-00009296-00009455 and there was lots of accommodation
PlS2XMv44Zk-00051-00009456-00009639 lining here as well now
PlS2XMv44Zk-00052-00009640-00009799 there's no accommodation actually on the
PlS2XMv44Zk-00053-00009800-00010006 beach it's in the road behind the beach
PlS2XMv44Zk-00054-00010007-00010046 and
PlS2XMv44Zk-00055-00010047-00010255 the grounds from the accommodation spill
PlS2XMv44Zk-00056-00010256-00010463 down onto the beach
PlS2XMv44Zk-00057-00010464-00010638 and most of the accommodation along this
PlS2XMv44Zk-00058-00010639-00010846 area it leans much more towards the
PlS2XMv44Zk-00059-00010847-00010927 high-end four
PlS2XMv44Zk-00060-00010928-00011174 and five-star resorts and hotels along
PlS2XMv44Zk-00061-00011175-00011246 here
PlS2XMv44Zk-00062-00011247-00011542 so it um if you fancy somewhere excuse
PlS2XMv44Zk-00063-00011543-00011591 me
PlS2XMv44Zk-00064-00011592-00011727 where you're going to be a little more
PlS2XMv44Zk-00065-00011728-00011903 spoiled and you want that little
PlS2XMv44Zk-00066-00011904-00012191 pampered luxury and a beautiful beach
PlS2XMv44Zk-00067-00012192-00012446 and a bit of space and peace and quiet
PlS2XMv44Zk-00068-00012447-00012984 vaca beach is the option for you
PlW68ogAmOo-00000-00000343-00001482 what do you do
PlW68ogAmOo-00001-00001483-00003379 [Music]
PlW68ogAmOo-00002-00003379-00004562 [Music]
PlW68ogAmOo-00004-00009103-00009663 [Music]
PlW68ogAmOo-00005-00009664-00010214 what are you doing
PlW68ogAmOo-00006-00010215-00011548 [Music]
PlW68ogAmOo-00007-00011549-00012595 [Music]
PlW68ogAmOo-00009-00017843-00018022 [Music]
PlW68ogAmOo-00010-00018023-00018264 m
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00000-00000463-00000774 hello my girls and today but before that
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00001-00000775-00001062 i'll need to group this all like that
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00002-00001063-00001431 and we have to move it
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00003-00001432-00001679 because i want to grip it
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00004-00001680-00001767 so
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00005-00001768-00001871 when i
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00006-00001872-00002055 take pictures of this i will have a
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00007-00002056-00002383 quick proportions there we go
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00008-00002384-00002591 now we'll name it
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00009-00002592-00002887 turret now for that let's actually group
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00010-00002888-00003142 the rest except the turret
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00011-00003143-00003486 boom and name it hull and open the
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00012-00003488-00003831 turret go to the base and we will copy
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00013-00003832-00004054 the origin
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00014-00004055-00004199 position
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00015-00004200-00004479 and we'll paste it here
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00016-00004480-00004695 world public position now we can
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00017-00004696-00004895 actually rotate
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00018-00004896-00005079 out the correct directions and actually
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00019-00005080-00005311 rotating
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00020-00005312-00005583 everywhere so this is it i'll just group
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00021-00005584-00005879 this all ctrl g and now we're going to
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00022-00005880-00006191 name it iuv-03
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00023-00006192-00006510 then after that right-click at the part
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00024-00006511-00006670 and click
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00025-00006672-00006983 save to roblox once we're there we can
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00026-00006984-00007270 actually just type the description of
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00027-00007272-00007446 our time lapse this
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00028-00007447-00007959 for a second
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00029-00007959-00008223 or maybe not now we're gonna do is to
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00030-00008224-00008439 allow copying or no
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00031-00008440-00008646 i don't sell our comments i don't every
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00032-00008647-00008751 spams
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00033-00008752-00008887 get the genre
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00034-00008888-00009055 to war and
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00035-00009056-00009855 click submit
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00036-00009856-00010095 and now we're back now we're going to do
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00037-00010096-00010206 is to
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00038-00010207-00010463 remove the dash and o3
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00039-00010464-00011046 and press a bit
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00040-00011047-00011319 and there's a duplicate
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00041-00011320-00011455 and there we go
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00042-00011456-00011742 now we're gonna do is to convert it into
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00043-00011743-00013719 a tank so let's go
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00044-00013719-00016590 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00045-00016591-00019184 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00046-00019185-00020335 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00047-00020336-00021367 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00048-00021368-00021647 so hello my jars and
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00049-00021648-00021794 we're back
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00050-00021795-00022022 unfortunately uh there's a problem with
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00051-00022023-00022375 my phone and it's actually ran out of
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00052-00022376-00022678 battery this is the result and the
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00053-00022679-00022935 conversion is actually outstanding but
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00054-00022936-00023294 only the turret but this needs to be
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00055-00023295-00023455 improved
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00056-00023456-00023671 that's because of the interior in the
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00057-00023672-00024030 original design it carries infantry
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00058-00024031-00024455 which the tank doesn't happen so anyways
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00059-00024456-00024703 let's get into working this
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00060-00024704-00025810 tank right now
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00061-00025811-00026577 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00062-00026577-00027239 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00063-00027239-00028870 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00065-00032319-00034815 bye
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00066-00034816-00035537 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00067-00035538-00036458 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00068-00036459-00037182 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00069-00037183-00037761 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00070-00037762-00038586 [Laughter]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00071-00038587-00041007 [Music]
PlXXJQ9p6Ic-00072-00041008-00041216 you
Pm14EF0SAOo-00000-00000049-00000306 the national symbols of Kyrgyzstan are
Pm14EF0SAOo-00001-00000307-00000480 defined by article 6 of the Constitution
Pm14EF0SAOo-00002-00000481-00000812 of Kyrgyzstan they consist of the flag
Pm14EF0SAOo-00003-00000813-00001153 the coat of arms and the national anthem
Pm14EF0SAOo-00004-00001154-00001439 national anthem of Kyrgyzstan in Russian
Pm14EF0SAOo-00005-00001440-00001708 translation
Q20n87HW1zQ-00000-00000000-00000110 foreign
Q20n87HW1zQ-00001-00000111-00000841 [Music]
Q20n87HW1zQ-00002-00000842-00001133 with me today is recently appointed CEO
Q20n87HW1zQ-00003-00001134-00001511 of vmlyn R India Mr saurabh saxena
Q20n87HW1zQ-00004-00001512-00001793 saurabh hi welcome to exchange for media
Q20n87HW1zQ-00005-00001794-00002010 thank you so much lovely to be here
Q20n87HW1zQ-00006-00002011-00002195 saurabh thanks for this first interview
Q20n87HW1zQ-00007-00002196-00002441 ever since you've been appointed as the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00008-00002442-00002860 new CEO of this newly uh integrated
Q20n87HW1zQ-00009-00002861-00003118 agency I mean agency has been old but
Q20n87HW1zQ-00010-00003119-00003256 their integration has just taken place
Q20n87HW1zQ-00011-00003257-00003461 couple of years ago so you know I wanted
Q20n87HW1zQ-00012-00003461-00003875 to understand from you uh the agency got
Q20n87HW1zQ-00013-00003876-00004145 finally integrated in 2018-19 and you
Q20n87HW1zQ-00014-00004146-00004420 joined it in 2022 considering that the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00015-00004421-00004606 company doesn't have a very long Legacy
Q20n87HW1zQ-00016-00004607-00004841 in India how do you plan to take things
Q20n87HW1zQ-00017-00004842-00004954 forward
Q20n87HW1zQ-00018-00004955-00005219 okay so first off let me tell you that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00019-00005220-00005561 while uh vml ynr in this current Avatar
Q20n87HW1zQ-00020-00005562-00005902 is is new and young the legacy of these
Q20n87HW1zQ-00021-00005903-00006131 individual Brands is is long and and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00022-00006132-00006520 very admirable I would say so vml ynr
Q20n87HW1zQ-00023-00006522-00006767 Commerce has been in various forms has
Q20n87HW1zQ-00024-00006768-00007037 been alive uh within wpp for many many
Q20n87HW1zQ-00025-00007038-00007241 years and this is the team that has
Q20n87HW1zQ-00026-00007242-00007420 built capabilities into a shopper and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00027-00007422-00007642 Rural activation and open activation and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00028-00007643-00007805 and the likes
Q20n87HW1zQ-00029-00007806-00008128 uh the glitch which is uh Juliana Crown
Q20n87HW1zQ-00030-00008129-00008333 has been around for a really long time
Q20n87HW1zQ-00031-00008334-00008585 as well and that uh you know you know if
Q20n87HW1zQ-00032-00008586-00008873 you you of course I'm sure no nazia but
Q20n87HW1zQ-00033-00008874-00009203 uh uh the glitch is a very successful
Q20n87HW1zQ-00034-00009204-00009527 agency so while as a brand we may not
Q20n87HW1zQ-00035-00009528-00009664 have that much of Legacy but the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00036-00009665-00009983 constituents have Legacy GTB which is uh
Q20n87HW1zQ-00037-00009984-00010145 forward and that's what I said after
Q20n87HW1zQ-00038-00010146-00010360 integration uh how do you want to take
Q20n87HW1zQ-00039-00010361-00010678 it forward so uh to combine our
Q20n87HW1zQ-00040-00010679-00010889 strengths really that's the short answer
Q20n87HW1zQ-00041-00010890-00011177 let me explain what I mean there are uh
Q20n87HW1zQ-00042-00011178-00011428 so the way that we'd like to grow is not
Q20n87HW1zQ-00043-00011429-00011705 necessarily through only social media or
Q20n87HW1zQ-00044-00011706-00011992 to do you know one little project in
Q20n87HW1zQ-00045-00011993-00012269 rural India for instance we'd like to
Q20n87HW1zQ-00046-00012270-00012509 grow on in scale and to be able to do
Q20n87HW1zQ-00047-00012510-00012670 that we need capabilities right through
Q20n87HW1zQ-00048-00012671-00012815 the line whether it is customer
Q20n87HW1zQ-00049-00012816-00013163 experience or brand experience or you
Q20n87HW1zQ-00050-00013163-00013469 know d2c Shopper uh Commerce offline
Q20n87HW1zQ-00051-00013469-00013685 Commerce rural Activation so therefore
Q20n87HW1zQ-00052-00013686-00013901 we what we're doing is we are taking all
Q20n87HW1zQ-00053-00013902-00014147 of these capabilities and putting them
Q20n87HW1zQ-00054-00014147-00014357 together to create connected brand
Q20n87HW1zQ-00055-00014358-00014543 experiences for businesses that we work
Q20n87HW1zQ-00056-00014544-00014836 on now uh a lot of our clients may not
Q20n87HW1zQ-00057-00014837-00015011 require the entire Suite of our services
Q20n87HW1zQ-00058-00015012-00015233 but they may require more than one they
Q20n87HW1zQ-00059-00015234-00015383 may require three they may require two
Q20n87HW1zQ-00060-00015384-00015658 so uh that's really how we are
Q20n87HW1zQ-00061-00015659-00015869 restructuring ourselves we are making
Q20n87HW1zQ-00062-00015869-00016030 sure that we have the right cast and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00063-00016031-00016271 crew to address any marketing problem or
Q20n87HW1zQ-00064-00016272-00016403 an opportunity that our clients would
Q20n87HW1zQ-00065-00016404-00016567 like to address
Q20n87HW1zQ-00066-00016568-00016925 sort of uh you do also have this
Q20n87HW1zQ-00067-00016926-00017213 expectation that you you your agency did
Q20n87HW1zQ-00068-00017214-00017471 exceedingly well at Khan's last year and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00069-00017472-00017747 uh you after the integration you know
Q20n87HW1zQ-00070-00017748-00018077 you're relatively new and yet I think
Q20n87HW1zQ-00071-00018078-00018322 you won more than four medals last year
Q20n87HW1zQ-00072-00018323-00018550 at guns yeah we were we were very
Q20n87HW1zQ-00073-00018551-00018839 successful yes so uh what are your plans
Q20n87HW1zQ-00074-00018840-00018958 this year
Q20n87HW1zQ-00075-00018959-00019097 so uh
Q20n87HW1zQ-00076-00019098-00019307 I I wish I could tell you more but I can
Q20n87HW1zQ-00077-00019308-00019480 tell you that the global creative
Q20n87HW1zQ-00078-00019481-00019841 Council of VMware is very happy with the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00079-00019842-00020050 entries that that we have with all the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00080-00020051-00020261 work that has happened in the last uh
Q20n87HW1zQ-00081-00020262-00020519 many months led by mukund who's our
Q20n87HW1zQ-00082-00020520-00020669 chief creative officer I'm sure you know
Q20n87HW1zQ-00083-00020670-00020957 him know of him and know him as a as a
Q20n87HW1zQ-00084-00020958-00021239 superstar so uh you know there is a lot
Q20n87HW1zQ-00085-00021240-00021443 of Promise fingers crossed I can't tell
Q20n87HW1zQ-00086-00021444-00021700 you what those are just yet but I can
Q20n87HW1zQ-00087-00021701-00021850 tell you that we are looking at it with
Q20n87HW1zQ-00088-00021851-00022025 uh great expectation and great
Q20n87HW1zQ-00089-00022026-00022271 anticipation we wish you all the best
Q20n87HW1zQ-00090-00022272-00022711 and to make us proud again yes yes
Q20n87HW1zQ-00091-00022712-00023117 we'd love to be uh you know beat our own
Q20n87HW1zQ-00092-00023118-00023407 uh past year
Q20n87HW1zQ-00093-00023408-00023693 uh saurabh there also has been a lot of
Q20n87HW1zQ-00094-00023694-00023957 restructuring within uh the the agency
Q20n87HW1zQ-00095-00023958-00024311 you know uh how is this restructured
Q20n87HW1zQ-00096-00024312-00024430 helped the agency
Q20n87HW1zQ-00097-00024431-00024664 okay so like I said the first thing is
Q20n87HW1zQ-00098-00024665-00025030 the fact that we are now casting for uh
Q20n87HW1zQ-00099-00025031-00025235 casting a crew specific to a business
Q20n87HW1zQ-00100-00025236-00025492 solution that a client might require
Q20n87HW1zQ-00101-00025493-00025768 uh and that means that we have we don't
Q20n87HW1zQ-00102-00025769-00025961 have a social media Silo we don't
Q20n87HW1zQ-00103-00025962-00026128 necessarily have a silo which is doing
Q20n87HW1zQ-00104-00026129-00026387 only BX we have an account management
Q20n87HW1zQ-00105-00026388-00026633 team or or even a creative team that is
Q20n87HW1zQ-00106-00026633-00026867 pretty much uh sort of integrated
Q20n87HW1zQ-00107-00026868-00027227 already so each team has capabilities
Q20n87HW1zQ-00108-00027227-00027473 within to take care of what the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00109-00027474-00027629 requirement of the lead clients are
Q20n87HW1zQ-00110-00027630-00027857 going to be the other thing we are doing
Q20n87HW1zQ-00111-00027858-00028096 is trying to build through restructuring
Q20n87HW1zQ-00112-00028097-00028390 trying trying to build diversity so as
Q20n87HW1zQ-00113-00028391-00028733 an agency we are 5743 uh in terms of our
Q20n87HW1zQ-00114-00028733-00028907 diversity ratio which we are happy about
Q20n87HW1zQ-00115-00028908-00029152 there is a lot more that obviously has
Q20n87HW1zQ-00116-00029154-00029285 to be done even though this number
Q20n87HW1zQ-00117-00029286-00029596 sounds very very good uh but aside of
Q20n87HW1zQ-00118-00029597-00029824 that I think there is diversity in terms
Q20n87HW1zQ-00119-00029825-00030077 of how uh what backgrounds are people
Q20n87HW1zQ-00120-00030077-00030293 come from the socio-economic background
Q20n87HW1zQ-00121-00030294-00030611 their exposure their uh how they've
Q20n87HW1zQ-00122-00030612-00030796 grown up where the background that that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00123-00030797-00030952 they have and the kind of education that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00124-00030954-00031145 they bring to the table and I think that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00125-00031145-00031427 will give us uh even more inclusivity
Q20n87HW1zQ-00126-00031427-00031679 and and diversity to to be able to have
Q20n87HW1zQ-00127-00031680-00031967 the diversity of ideas uh as an agency
Q20n87HW1zQ-00128-00031968-00032231 nazia I have to say that we'd like to
Q20n87HW1zQ-00129-00032232-00032477 strive to be a very Solutions oriented
Q20n87HW1zQ-00130-00032477-00032717 company and not just you know a campaign
Q20n87HW1zQ-00131-00032718-00032927 here or a you know big idea
Q20n87HW1zQ-00132-00032928-00033179 communication there but it could be
Q20n87HW1zQ-00133-00033180-00033412 anything the the uh if there is a
Q20n87HW1zQ-00134-00033413-00033581 marketing problem the response to that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00135-00033582-00033833 need not be a campaign it could be
Q20n87HW1zQ-00136-00033834-00034079 launcher for d2c platform for instance
Q20n87HW1zQ-00137-00034080-00034409 so that's what we are hoping to achieve
Q20n87HW1zQ-00138-00034410-00034612 and this restructure should be able to
Q20n87HW1zQ-00139-00034613-00034805 help us do that we're already seeing
Q20n87HW1zQ-00140-00034806-00035009 directionally some improvement in terms
Q20n87HW1zQ-00141-00035010-00035152 of how our teams are working together
Q20n87HW1zQ-00142-00035153-00035411 well on our top businesses so yeah
Q20n87HW1zQ-00143-00035412-00035645 fingers crossed again there is uh
Q20n87HW1zQ-00144-00035646-00035885 there's more where this came from
Q20n87HW1zQ-00145-00035886-00036118 so last year you and geometry joined
Q20n87HW1zQ-00146-00036119-00036502 forces
Q20n87HW1zQ-00147-00036503-00036743 and end-to-end creative Commerce company
Q20n87HW1zQ-00148-00036744-00037090 how that benefited the clients you know
Q20n87HW1zQ-00149-00037091-00037337 or the company what kind of response are
Q20n87HW1zQ-00150-00037338-00037415 you getting
Q20n87HW1zQ-00151-00037416-00037829 okay so for instance uh our
Q20n87HW1zQ-00152-00037830-00038099 the I talked about lineage and you know
Q20n87HW1zQ-00153-00038100-00038380 this uh our team which is led by Shankar
Q20n87HW1zQ-00154-00038381-00038621 when it comes to our our sum of our
Q20n87HW1zQ-00155-00038622-00038861 Commerce capabilities Shankar has worked
Q20n87HW1zQ-00156-00038862-00039083 for years on let's say Unilever and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00157-00039084-00039346 taking an example okay so the resident
Q20n87HW1zQ-00158-00039347-00039671 knowledge that his team and him have
Q20n87HW1zQ-00159-00039672-00040007 about Unilever products and uh across
Q20n87HW1zQ-00160-00040008-00040361 the the Spectrum has carried on the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00161-00040362-00040630 brand name has changed uh also what we
Q20n87HW1zQ-00162-00040631-00040817 have done is vml in our Commerce is a
Q20n87HW1zQ-00163-00040818-00041123 far bigger entity now we are perhaps one
Q20n87HW1zQ-00164-00041124-00041368 of the very very few agencies that have
Q20n87HW1zQ-00165-00041369-00041537 offline Commerce capabilities right up
Q20n87HW1zQ-00166-00041538-00041707 to online Commerce capabilities so
Q20n87HW1zQ-00167-00041708-00042055 Karthik who heads are uh are our
Q20n87HW1zQ-00168-00042056-00042311 e-commerce uh part of the business and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00169-00042312-00042574 partners Shankar comes with the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00170-00042575-00042880 experience in d2c in uh in creating
Q20n87HW1zQ-00171-00042881-00043024 marketplaces and creating demand
Q20n87HW1zQ-00172-00043025-00043252 generation uh work technology and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00173-00043253-00043595 solutions and so therefore as vml minor
Q20n87HW1zQ-00174-00043596-00043757 Commerce we have offline to online the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00175-00043758-00043924 short answer offline to online
Q20n87HW1zQ-00176-00043925-00044273 capabilities as well as uh be able to do
Q20n87HW1zQ-00177-00044274-00044515 anything uh for instance if you look at
Q20n87HW1zQ-00178-00044516-00044861 rural activation if you look at demand
Q20n87HW1zQ-00179-00044862-00045035 generation on the ground if you look at
Q20n87HW1zQ-00180-00045036-00045190 Behavior change that we'd like to do
Q20n87HW1zQ-00181-00045191-00045352 this is the team that can actually
Q20n87HW1zQ-00182-00045353-00045611 deliver and is delivering across various
Q20n87HW1zQ-00183-00045612-00045767 clients
Q20n87HW1zQ-00184-00045768-00046121 so you know before I sum it up
Q20n87HW1zQ-00185-00046122-00046318 if you could
Q20n87HW1zQ-00186-00046319-00046523 take five or four or five things that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00187-00046524-00046679 make you different from your competition
Q20n87HW1zQ-00188-00046680-00047087 in the market what would they be Okay so
Q20n87HW1zQ-00189-00047088-00047387 uh right on on top I think is the fact
Q20n87HW1zQ-00190-00047388-00047627 that we'd like to believe that we are
Q20n87HW1zQ-00191-00047628-00047933 very uh we are a connected team that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00192-00047934-00048167 works on connected Brands so connected
Q20n87HW1zQ-00193-00048168-00048340 brand experiences are important when it
Q20n87HW1zQ-00194-00048341-00048521 comes to you know consumers don't
Q20n87HW1zQ-00195-00048522-00048658 necessarily look at one part of the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00196-00048659-00048839 puzzle and and think of something that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00197-00048840-00049145 they'd like a connected brand experience
Q20n87HW1zQ-00198-00049146-00049318 I think that makes us different that's
Q20n87HW1zQ-00199-00049319-00049601 something that BML INR has in its uh DNA
Q20n87HW1zQ-00200-00049602-00049852 aside of that people I am new to this
Q20n87HW1zQ-00201-00049853-00050021 role but I know that you know the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00202-00050022-00050158 capability in the leadership team is
Q20n87HW1zQ-00203-00050159-00050368 immense and that's what is something
Q20n87HW1zQ-00204-00050369-00050549 that we only have to bring together and
Q20n87HW1zQ-00205-00050550-00050771 harness and take to the next level
Q20n87HW1zQ-00206-00050772-00051143 uh the uh the other thing I would say is
Q20n87HW1zQ-00207-00051144-00051551 that uh uh our creative teams uh led by
Q20n87HW1zQ-00208-00051552-00052104 mukun and urban and sunnetro and Raj are
Q20n87HW1zQ-00209-00052105-00052342 not necessarily only thinking about
Q20n87HW1zQ-00210-00052344-00052469 campaigns
Q20n87HW1zQ-00211-00052470-00052703 so you know there are many agencies that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00212-00052704-00052966 think of what is the big idea in
Q20n87HW1zQ-00213-00052967-00053200 communication we'd like to think of Big
Q20n87HW1zQ-00214-00053201-00053375 Ideas when it comes to a solution that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00215-00053376-00053561 may be required like I said I think
Q20n87HW1zQ-00216-00053562-00053825 that's what is uh exciting us quite a
Q20n87HW1zQ-00217-00053826-00054094 lot the last thing I would say is that
Q20n87HW1zQ-00218-00054095-00054197 we are a very connected Network
Q20n87HW1zQ-00219-00054198-00054479 ourselves so you know within Asia
Q20n87HW1zQ-00220-00054479-00054725 Pacific we were in uh in in Thailand
Q20n87HW1zQ-00221-00054726-00055013 last week and uh this was really my
Q20n87HW1zQ-00222-00055014-00055157 first time interacting with the regional
Q20n87HW1zQ-00223-00055158-00055373 leadership and I realized that uh you
Q20n87HW1zQ-00224-00055374-00055649 know there are solutions that a Malaysia
Q20n87HW1zQ-00225-00055650-00055894 team might have thought of or our team
Q20n87HW1zQ-00226-00055895-00056015 in Singapore might have thought of which
Q20n87HW1zQ-00227-00056016-00056135 are relevant here so we don't
Q20n87HW1zQ-00228-00056136-00056447 necessarily need to reinvent uh the
Q20n87HW1zQ-00229-00056448-00056615 wheel at the same time there are
Q20n87HW1zQ-00230-00056616-00056759 solutions that our team in India has
Q20n87HW1zQ-00231-00056760-00056932 worked on which may be very very
Q20n87HW1zQ-00232-00056933-00057142 possible to to lift and shift to other
Q20n87HW1zQ-00233-00057144-00057347 markets so I think as a network because
Q20n87HW1zQ-00234-00057348-00057515 we are so well connected we can benefit
Q20n87HW1zQ-00235-00057516-00057779 and you know hasten our learning curve
Q20n87HW1zQ-00236-00057779-00058054 and to offer solutions to clients
Q20n87HW1zQ-00237-00058055-00058715 thank you so much
Q20n87HW1zQ-00238-00058716-00058894 thank you so much it's been an absolute
Q20n87HW1zQ-00239-00058895-00059115 pleasure thanks
Q20n87HW1zQ-00240-00059116-00059261 [Music]
Q20n87HW1zQ-00241-00059262-00059321 foreign
Q20n87HW1zQ-00242-00059322-00059886 [Music]
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00000-00000175-00001629 [Music]
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00001-00001630-00002871 [Music]
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00002-00002872-00003228 i
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00003-00003229-00003847 [Music]
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00004-00003847-00004034 here
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00005-00004035-00005638 [Music]
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00006-00005639-00006063 namaste
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00007-00006064-00006311 so i guess a lot of people got faked out
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00008-00006312-00006678 by the change in the name of the channel
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00009-00006679-00006919 the rebranding of the channel
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00010-00006920-00007327 to focus on vedanta and dupanishads
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00011-00007328-00007598 so i guess they'll find it again
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00012-00007600-00007823 eventually if they have any interest in
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00013-00007823-00008119 these subjects
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00014-00008120-00008327 speaking of which
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00015-00008328-00008483 i want to tell you
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00016-00008484-00008646 about
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00017-00008647-00008991 an experience i had this morning
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00018-00008992-00009199 i usually get up very early in the
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00019-00009200-00009391 morning about two o'clock
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00020-00009392-00009599 two thirty
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00021-00009600-00009959 three is late you know
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00022-00009960-00010214 so i'm not sure exactly what time it is
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00023-00010215-00010519 probably around two
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00024-00010520-00010646 i woke up
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00025-00010647-00010831 and
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00026-00010832-00011127 i love to meditate
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00027-00011128-00011238 just
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00028-00011239-00011455 in the
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00029-00011456-00011703 sandya
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00030-00011704-00011887 the interface
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00031-00011888-00012303 between sleeping and waking
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00032-00012304-00012431 because
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00033-00012432-00012735 in that state it's very easy to contact
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00034-00012736-00012958 toriya
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00035-00012959-00013303 and brahman
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00036-00013304-00013415 so
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00037-00013416-00013655 before i you know
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00038-00013656-00013903 come out of sleep and into my body and
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00039-00013904-00014111 start doing things
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00040-00014112-00014447 i just lie there for a long time
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00041-00014447-00014758 and stay inside
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00042-00014759-00014903 not dreaming
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00043-00014904-00015207 not allowing the mind to wander
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00044-00015208-00015455 or getting involved in all the stories
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00045-00015456-00015735 that it comes up with
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00046-00015736-00016094 but just silently contemplating
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00047-00016095-00016415 consciousness
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00048-00016416-00016783 so i did that this morning and as usual
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00049-00016784-00016883 in my
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00050-00016884-00017239 meditations the bright light of brahman
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00051-00017240-00017471 shines out
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00052-00017472-00017558 and
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00053-00017559-00017847 it's a very beautiful thing
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00054-00017848-00018119 it's as if
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00055-00018120-00018407 dozens or hundreds of suns rose up in
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00056-00018408-00018558 the sky
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00057-00018559-00018727 all at once
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00058-00018728-00018935 so brilliant
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00059-00018936-00019255 thousands of points of light
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00060-00019256-00019463 all shining
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00061-00019464-00019822 with the spiritual effulgence of brahman
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00062-00019823-00020255 the sun is simply a reflection of that
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00063-00020256-00020439 so i like to
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00064-00020440-00020735 dive into that and enjoy
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00065-00020736-00021086 that beautiful presence
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00066-00021087-00021463 and this morning
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00067-00021464-00021814 the way the light came to me
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00068-00021815-00021919 it was
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00069-00021920-00022207 as if there was a door
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00070-00022208-00022343 opening
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00071-00022344-00022758 on the right side
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00072-00022759-00022894 and
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00073-00022895-00023175 the this brilliant light cascading
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00074-00023176-00023519 through this door
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00075-00023520-00023703 and so
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00076-00023704-00023942 i went through the door and as i went
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00077-00023943-00024199 through the door i realized this is the
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00078-00024200-00024591 door of death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00079-00024592-00024871 why is it the door of death because it
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00080-00024872-00025150 means the end of the ego
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00081-00025151-00025463 the end of the mind the end of the body
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00082-00025464-00025743 the end of karma the end of
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00083-00025744-00025990 everything that makes us a separate
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00084-00025991-00026190 individual
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00085-00026191-00026574 desires and so forth
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00086-00026575-00026958 and the full
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00087-00026960-00027214 fulfillment
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00088-00027216-00027623 of being in brahman
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00089-00027624-00027990 is all that's left
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00090-00027991-00028367 so this is available to everybody
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00091-00028368-00028623 this piece this
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00092-00028624-00029007 this great release
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00093-00029008-00029102 but
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00094-00029104-00029318 so few people
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00095-00029319-00029479 bother to
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00096-00029480-00029687 find it to
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00097-00029688-00030039 experience it to take advantage of it
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00098-00030039-00030302 because it gives relief from all kinds
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00099-00030303-00030718 of suffering
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00100-00030719-00031079 so the means to attain brahman
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00101-00031080-00031383 are given in the upanishads
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00102-00031383-00031670 and this experience this morning
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00103-00031672-00032007 reminded me of the kata upanishad
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00104-00032008-00032223 which contains a story
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00105-00032224-00032414 about nachiketa
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00106-00032416-00032662 and death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00107-00032663-00032879 but before i get into the story i want
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00108-00032880-00033255 to talk about the meaning of upanishad
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00109-00033256-00033743 according to shankar acharya
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00110-00033744-00034174 the main root is saad
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00111-00034175-00034495 upanishad
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00112-00034496-00034655 and upa
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00113-00034656-00034846 and ni
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00114-00034847-00035111 mean upa means near
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00115-00035112-00035630 and knee means with certainty
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00116-00035631-00035815 so
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00117-00035816-00036159 shot means to to destroy
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00118-00036160-00036318 or to go
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00119-00036319-00036735 to break up or cut to pieces something
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00120-00036736-00036823 or
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00121-00036824-00037246 to go to another place
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00122-00037247-00037374 so
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00123-00037375-00037607 the real meaning of upanishad or the
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00124-00037608-00038030 secret esoteric meaning of upanishad
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00125-00038031-00038246 is that knowledge
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00126-00038247-00038502 which cuts to pieces
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00127-00038503-00038895 or destroys the nations that separates
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00128-00038896-00039151 us from our true self
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00129-00039152-00039551 which is nothing but brahman
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00130-00039552-00039735 and
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00131-00039736-00039846 also
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00132-00039847-00040087 the knowledge that gives us the ability
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00133-00040088-00040262 to go
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00134-00040263-00040599 well even though there's no place to go
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00135-00040600-00040951 but to transform ourselves
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00136-00040952-00041383 into knowers of brahman
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00137-00041384-00041695 and so it's said later on in the katu
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00138-00041696-00041830 upanishad
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00139-00041831-00041999 knowing that
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00140-00042000-00042655 one becomes freed from the jaws of death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00141-00042656-00042990 and we'll see in the story how nachiketa
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00142-00042991-00043190 actually
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00143-00043191-00043446 transforms death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00144-00043447-00043687 from something destructive to something
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00145-00043688-00043974 liberating
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00146-00043975-00044223 the story is nakeda's father was
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00147-00044224-00044487 performing a sacrifice
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00148-00044488-00044702 and in this sacrifice
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00149-00044703-00044902 he was supposed to give away all his
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00150-00044903-00045079 possessions
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00151-00045080-00045446 and then take sanyas
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00152-00045447-00045743 so nachiketa noticed
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00153-00045744-00045990 that the cows that he was giving to the
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00154-00045991-00046167 brahmanas
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00155-00046168-00046367 were all old
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00156-00046368-00046558 and dried up
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00157-00046559-00046895 and basically useless
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00158-00046896-00047023 and
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00159-00047024-00047230 he was struck by this
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00160-00047231-00047430 and realized that
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00161-00047431-00047758 if his father only gives useless animals
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00162-00047759-00048095 in the sacrifice he won't get the result
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00163-00048096-00048279 that he's aiming for
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00164-00048280-00048630 he won't get freedom from his karma
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00165-00048631-00048911 he won't be able to leave his household
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00166-00048912-00049167 life and so on
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00167-00049168-00049479 so nachiketas
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00168-00049480-00049751 came to his father and said
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00169-00049752-00049967 now you're giving away everything that's
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00170-00049968-00050111 yours
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00171-00050112-00050439 i am also yours
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00172-00050440-00050527 so
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00173-00050528-00051030 to whom are you going to give me
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00174-00051031-00051263 because he felt that he was a better
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00175-00051264-00051463 gift he was more
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00176-00051464-00051758 more valuable more useful than these old
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00177-00051759-00052087 useless cows
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00178-00052088-00052366 but nakeda's father became
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00179-00052367-00052559 angry
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00180-00052560-00052775 and upset
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00181-00052776-00053271 and he said i'll give you to death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00182-00053272-00053566 so nachiketa said all right
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00183-00053567-00053823 okay
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00184-00053824-00054094 and the next thing we know
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00185-00054095-00054303 nachiketa is
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00186-00054304-00054535 in the house of death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00187-00054536-00054894 it doesn't say how he got there
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00188-00054895-00055094 whether by his own will
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00189-00055095-00055230 or
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00190-00055232-00055454 you know it's not stated
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00191-00055455-00055711 that detail is left out
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00192-00055712-00055959 but anyway he's in the house of death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00193-00055960-00056382 but death was out yamaraja
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00194-00056383-00056658 i guess he was you know harvesting souls
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00195-00056659-00056871 [Laughter]
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00196-00056872-00057159 busy you know as usual
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00197-00057160-00057366 and he must be working overtime in
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00198-00057367-00057807 ukraine right now
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00199-00057808-00058111 so anyway death was out
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00200-00058112-00058535 and for three days nachiketa waited
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00201-00058536-00058750 without food or water
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00202-00058751-00059038 or rest
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00203-00059039-00059359 and then when death came home his wives
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00204-00059360-00059766 told him hey there's a brahmana boy
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00205-00059767-00060054 waiting for to see you
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00206-00060055-00060271 and he's had nothing to eat or drink or
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00207-00060272-00060503 rest for three days you should do
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00208-00060504-00060654 something
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00209-00060655-00060823 you know give him some boons or
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00210-00060824-00061030 something to make it up
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00211-00061032-00061326 because the brahmanas and especially an
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00212-00061327-00061591 uninvited guest
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00213-00061591-00061750 of brahmana
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00214-00061751-00062150 is considered to be as good as god
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00215-00062151-00062559 and one should serve them very nicely
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00216-00062560-00062654 so
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00217-00062655-00063094 death approached nachiketa
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00218-00063095-00063438 and apologized
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00219-00063439-00063671 he said i'm very sorry you had to endure
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00220-00063672-00063887 such inconvenience
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00221-00063888-00064071 because of me
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00222-00064072-00064247 my neglect
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00223-00064248-00064503 so i offer you since you were here three
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00224-00064504-00064966 days i offer you three boons
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00225-00064967-00065238 three blessings
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00226-00065239-00065503 you pick whatever you like
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00227-00065504-00065782 so nachiketa said immediately
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00228-00065783-00065935 first boon
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00229-00065936-00066319 is let me be reconciled with my father
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00230-00066320-00066671 let him understand my action
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00231-00066672-00066926 and appreciate my intention to protect
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00232-00066927-00067038 him
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00233-00067039-00067431 and the results of his sacrifice
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00234-00067432-00067863 so death said okay granted you got it
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00235-00067864-00068294 then nachiketa said for my second boon
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00236-00068295-00068503 i want to understand
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00237-00068504-00068682 the sacrificial
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00238-00068683-00069063 fire and how the sacrificial fire
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00239-00069064-00069182 removes
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00240-00069183-00069391 all the obstacles
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00241-00069392-00069687 to salvation
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00242-00069688-00069967 beginning with attaining the heavenly
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00243-00069968-00070143 worlds
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00244-00070144-00070382 and all the way up to
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00245-00070383-00070726 full liberation
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00246-00070727-00071015 so yama said okay that's fine and he
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00247-00071016-00071131 instructed
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00248-00071132-00071287 nachiketas
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00249-00071288-00071519 in this art and science
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00250-00071520-00071855 of the fire ceremony
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00251-00071856-00072103 so we won't go into detail on that but
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00252-00072104-00072255 then
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00253-00072256-00072679 nachiketa asked for his third boon
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00254-00072680-00072862 he said
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00255-00072863-00073062 reveal to me
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00256-00073063-00073447 what is beyond death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00257-00073448-00073591 in other words
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00258-00073592-00073894 what is beyond sansara
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00259-00073895-00074199 the round of birth and death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00260-00074200-00074550 or in in plain direct speech
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00261-00074551-00075006 show me about liberation
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00262-00075007-00075359 and death said oh that's very secret
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00263-00075360-00075838 even the demigods don't know this
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00264-00075839-00075975 only i
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00265-00075976-00076199 and the supreme lord
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00266-00076200-00076423 visnu
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00267-00076424-00076782 know this and shiva
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00268-00076783-00077023 so ask for something else ask for
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00269-00077024-00077223 anything else
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00270-00077224-00077575 and he offered him so many benedictions
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00271-00077576-00077950 of wealth and power and fame
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00272-00077951-00078031 and
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00273-00078032-00078262 unlimited
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00274-00078263-00078599 concubines and you know so many things
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00275-00078600-00078711 right
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00276-00078712-00079071 but nachiketa said
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00277-00079072-00079350 these are very nice
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00278-00079351-00079559 but
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00279-00079560-00079911 they're temporary
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00280-00079912-00080150 and so yama said well then i grant you
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00281-00080151-00080479 long life until the end of the universe
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00282-00080480-00080582 even
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00283-00080583-00080847 the same like the demigods
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00284-00080848-00081062 and nachiketa said but what's the use of
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00285-00081063-00081150 that
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00286-00081151-00081647 if it has to end when the universe ends
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00287-00081648-00081831 no these are not
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00288-00081832-00082262 boons that i would think are acceptable
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00289-00082263-00082599 uh i i'll stick with my story
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00290-00082600-00082935 i want to know what is beyond death what
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00291-00082936-00083126 is immortality
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00292-00083127-00083655 what is moksha what is liberation
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00293-00083656-00083735 so
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00294-00083736-00084047 at this yama was kind of backed into a
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00295-00084048-00084215 corner because he couldn't go back on
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00296-00084216-00084503 his promise
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00297-00084504-00084862 so he gave nachiketa the knowledge
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00298-00084863-00085103 that leads to liberation
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00299-00085104-00085479 and as i said at the end of this section
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00300-00085480-00085726 it said knowing that
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00301-00085727-00086247 one becomes freed from the jaws of death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00302-00086248-00086511 so the key to liberation
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00303-00086512-00086718 freedom from death
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00304-00086719-00086935 is knowledge
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00305-00086936-00087150 and that knowledge is given in the
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00306-00087151-00087391 upanishads
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00307-00087392-00087550 therefore one should
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00308-00087551-00087855 study the upanishads
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00309-00087856-00088071 and i've
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00310-00088072-00088262 put a link in the video description
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00311-00088263-00088438 below
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00312-00088439-00088750 of this kata upanishad
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00313-00088751-00089150 so that you can read it and study it
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00314-00089151-00089479 and gain these same secrets
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00315-00089480-00090255 for yourself
Q2gOVm7_K8o-00316-00090256-00090556 um
Q2yU8F1oy7c-00000-00001492-00004283 so
Q2yU8F1oy7c-00001-00004284-00004584 wow
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00000-00001095-00001434 hi it is Stacy and we are here at
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00001-00001435-00001692 Tamarack Nature Center and we are here
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00002-00001693-00001985 for our first edition of nature
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00003-00001986-00002285 know-it-all today we have a very special
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00004-00002286-00002606 focus it is all about Natural Resources
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00005-00002607-00002889 and restoration and our first contestant
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00006-00002890-00003153 is mr. Justin from New Richmond
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00007-00003154-00003963 Wisconsin so Wisconsin do you have a
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00008-00003964-00004227 favorite cheese by the way oh absolutely
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00009-00004228-00004539 aged cheddar ooh very good choice very
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00010-00004540-00004743 good choice alright so let's get down to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00011-00004744-00005061 business we've got three questions once
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00012-00005062-00005295 I read off the question when you think
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00013-00005296-00005394 you have an answer
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00014-00005395-00005709 hit the button hit the buzzer and then
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00015-00005710-00006003 we'll see how many you get right I think
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00016-00006004-00006270 I'm ready okay excellent question number
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00017-00006271-00006687 one what are the top three reasons for
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00018-00006688-00006866 an oak savanna
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00019-00006867-00007316 restoration okay Stacey I think I got
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00020-00007317-00007626 this one number one we want to increase
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00021-00007627-00007938 plant diversity diversity is key and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00022-00007939-00008202 then number two we want to reestablish
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00023-00008203-00008471 endangered land types a lot of people
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00024-00008472-00008678 don't know that oak savannas are some of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00025-00008679-00008895 the most endangered ecotypes in the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00026-00008896-00009221 world and then number three we want to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00027-00009222-00009452 improve spaces for people because it
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00028-00009453-00009623 helps your mental health to get outside
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00029-00009624-00009804 oh my goodness
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00030-00009805-00010273 [Applause]
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00031-00010274-00010659 alright oh my goodness let's see we're
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00032-00010660-00010910 one for three all right next
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00033-00010911-00011148 are you ready Justin I'm ready again I
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00034-00011149-00011360 think still a little nervous okay well
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00035-00011361-00011642 you're doing really well here name the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00036-00011643-00011932 top five invasive plants that
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00037-00011933-00012349 removed to prepare or prep a restoration
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00038-00012350-00012481 area okay
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00039-00012482-00012736 Stacey this one's a little more tougher
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00040-00012737-00012952 I think I have three off the top of my
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00041-00012953-00013216 head we've got the garlic mustard black
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00042-00013216-00013419 locust which is a tree in Siberian Elm
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00043-00013421-00013638 which is another Woody's tree woody
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00044-00013640-00013951 species but the other two could be tough
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00045-00013952-00014227 let's say well there's buckthorn out
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00046-00014228-00014488 there we've definitely gotten rid of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00047-00014488-00014710 some of that and then what a lot of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00048-00014711-00014881 people don't know about how about nearly
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00049-00014882-00014983 bitter kress
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00050-00014984-00015144 how's that goodness do you think he got
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00051-00015146-00015493 it he rattled them right off garlic
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00052-00015494-00015796 mustard black locust Siberian Elm
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00053-00015797-00016024 buckthorn and narrow leaf bitter Chris
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00054-00016025-00016771 he got it oh my gosh all right he's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00055-00016772-00017086 already breeze through two out of three
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00056-00017087-00017323 and for a last and final question for
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00057-00017324-00017740 the day named five native plants that
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00058-00017741-00018033 are planted in an oak savanna
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00059-00018034-00018511 restoration all right we've got wild
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00060-00018512-00018847 bergamot which is a great flower June
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00061-00018848-00019063 grass and little blue stem to round out
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00062-00019064-00019393 our grasses and then Indian grass and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00063-00019394-00019719 prairie dropseed how about that oh my
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00064-00019720-00020161 gosh they sound great to me let's check
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00065-00020162-00020708 [Applause]
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00066-00020709-00021039 quit just how did you do that I don't
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00067-00021040-00021237 you might have to move on to the finals
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00068-00021238-00021432 and the semi-finals how did you get all
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00069-00021433-00021756 of those questions right well I've done
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00070-00021757-00022041 a lot of this work myself and happy to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00071-00022042-00022230 help out around the parts to make sure
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00072-00022231-00022389 that these things happen and learn from
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00073-00022390-00022572 other people so wait a minute are you
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00074-00022573-00022806 saying you do this for your job yeah
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00075-00022807-00023115 yeah baby yeah I asked where you work
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00076-00023116-00023385 Ramsey County employs me to do this nice
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00077-00023386-00023597 well hey we've got some pretty cool
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00078-00023598-00023864 restoration going on in the prairie and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00079-00023865-00024135 out that's gonna turn into an oak
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00080-00024136-00024327 savannah would you mind walking over
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00081-00024328-00024513 there and maybe answering a few
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00082-00024514-00024714 questions for us yeah certainly love to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00083-00024715-00024927 join you oh my gosh thank you so much I
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00084-00024928-00025227 will give you an air high-five nice job
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00085-00025228-00025593 and we'll see you in a couple minutes
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00086-00025594-00025709 sounds good
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00087-00025710-00025897 all right thanks for tuning in for
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00088-00025898-00026945 nature Noel hi everybody we are out in
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00089-00026947-00027285 our restoration area and Justin here
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00090-00027286-00027501 from soil and water it's gonna help us
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00091-00027502-00027738 try to figure out what's happening and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00092-00027739-00028340 why so Justin what happened here well
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00093-00028341-00028524 first of all Stacey let me step back a
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00094-00028525-00028731 little bit and talk about our plan so
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00095-00028732-00028998 about a year ago we did a redo of the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00096-00028999-00029223 parks plan and that included a natural
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00097-00029224-00029585 resource plan of revamping and as
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00098-00029586-00029795 identified in there there's several
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00099-00029797-00030039 places around the county that were
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00100-00030039-00030377 identified as top priority areas so we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00101-00030379-00030579 went to this was one of them and we went
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00102-00030580-00030804 ahead and got a grant through our
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00103-00030805-00030989 conservation partners legacy grant
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00104-00030991-00031161 through the Department of Natural
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00105-00031162-00031404 Resources we came up with a plan
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00106-00031405-00031881 specific for this area and worked with
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00107-00031882-00032145 some contractors to then remove a lot of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00108-00032145-00032364 the invasive trees so we had buckthorn
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00109-00032364-00032690 in here Siberian Elm a lot of black
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00110-00032691-00032909 locust which is extremely invasive
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00111-00032910-00033164 meaning that it takes over and basically
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00112-00033165-00033420 denotes the soil nothing else can grow
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00113-00033421-00033631 so not a whole lot of diversity which
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00114-00033632-00033943 what we're after then we came back and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00115-00033944-00034303 you can see some of the spraying here we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00116-00034304-00034531 came back and we wanted to terminate as
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00117-00034532-00034804 many plants as possible to make sure
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00118-00034805-00034957 that we had a clean seed bed to start
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00119-00034958-00035119 over with so that we didn't just have
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00120-00035120-00035383 another weed bed in a couple years next
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00121-00035384-00035713 steps are gonna be planting out in the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00122-00035714-00035941 out in the field areas and we're also
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00123-00035942-00036130 gonna do some plantings in here to try
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00124-00036131-00036373 to supplement the good native plants
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00125-00036374-00036604 that are growing up all right sounds
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00126-00036605-00036637 good
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00127-00036638-00036829 can I ask what are some of the plants
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00128-00036830-00037102 you're gonna plant a little bit of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00129-00037103-00037378 everything that you would expect in a
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00130-00037379-00037648 tall grass prairie so heavy on the grass
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00131-00037649-00037984 is like June grass and Indian grass big
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00132-00037985-00038127 bluestem little bluestem
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00133-00038128-00038440 also a good amount of flowers flowers
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00134-00038441-00038608 are pretty expensive though in the mixes
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00135-00038609-00038953 so we try to balance that as much as we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00136-00038954-00039151 can with the budget that we have on hand
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00137-00039152-00039406 so while bergamot will be in their
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00138-00039407-00039628 black-eyed Susans you'll probably see
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00139-00039629-00039877 some of those types of plants start up
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00140-00039878-00040207 first and as things goes out and go on
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00141-00040208-00040429 we can reassess what's in there and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00142-00040430-00040742 increase the diversity by planting later
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00143-00040743-00040976 so you said that this is one of the top
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00144-00040977-00041270 priorities to restore to help me
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00145-00041271-00041549 understand why is this such a high
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00146-00041550-00041819 priority to restore this area or this
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00147-00041820-00042029 type of area yeah good question this
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00148-00042030-00042269 particular area was high priority
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00149-00042270-00042527 because of all the restoration that's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00150-00042528-00042875 gone on before it so out to our West
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00151-00042876-00043079 here this is in the northeast corner of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00152-00043080-00043277 the property all out to the west has
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00153-00043278-00043487 been restored for the most part in
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00154-00043488-00043823 previous decades and with this area not
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00155-00043824-00043955 being restored you're getting a lot of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00156-00043956-00044357 invasives heading back into that area so
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00157-00044358-00044639 in order to protect our investment we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00158-00044640-00044909 needed to continue to work on the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00159-00044910-00045200 restoration to get rid of that seed bank
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00160-00045201-00045430 get rid of the plants that are reinvade
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00161-00045431-00045932 that we've already cleaned up so it
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00162-00045933-00046190 sounds like a big process how long is
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00163-00046191-00046433 all of this gonna take do you think yeah
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00164-00046434-00046628 it's an ongoing process that will never
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00165-00046629-00046907 end but we have a three-year grant with
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00166-00046908-00047060 the conservation partners I could see
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00167-00047061-00047384 the CPL after that it'll be maintenance
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00168-00047385-00047741 in about year three because we got the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00169-00047742-00047927 planting in last year about ear three
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00170-00047928-00048092 should really start to see that ferry
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00171-00048093-00048356 pop and some of the woodland flowers
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00172-00048357-00048512 should start to come out a little bit
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00173-00048513-00048923 more in here five six that's what you're
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00174-00048924-00049220 really gonna start to see the Prairie be
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00175-00049221-00049571 established and self maintained as much
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00176-00049572-00049812 as we can without
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00177-00049813-00050273 hands-on okay so I heard a lot about
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00178-00050274-00050596 prairie so this used to feel like and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00179-00050597-00050957 look like more dense wood like so it's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00180-00050958-00051118 gonna look a lot more open is that right
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00181-00051119-00051320 yeah yeah I know it's visually
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00182-00051321-00051554 disturbing to a lot of people and that's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00183-00051554-00051829 that I I respect that and I understand
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00184-00051830-00052015 that it can it can be tough when you
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00185-00052016-00052163 come here for years and that's what it
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00186-00052164-00052385 looks like the problem is like I said
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00187-00052386-00052567 with all the invasives in there it just
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00188-00052569-00052832 dilutes the soil and everything's gone
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00189-00052833-00053144 except for a couple of the animals that
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00190-00053145-00053363 can survive in here the most Hardy so
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00191-00053364-00053648 what we want to do is is our main goal
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00192-00053649-00053900 is just increased diversity in diversity
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00193-00053901-00054151 means resilience it can it can bounce
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00194-00054152-00054439 back from whatever you throw at it
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00195-00054440-00054773 so what we want to make sure that we do
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00196-00054774-00055121 is keep going back to that that that
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00197-00055122-00055490 diversity and and evaluating that at all
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00198-00055491-00055901 times so we're not necessarily changing
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00199-00055902-00056150 this back to what it actually originally
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00200-00056151-00056426 was because we don't know right yeah
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00201-00056427-00056666 yeah absolutely and said so that's a
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00202-00056666-00056957 good point this area was a lot of tall
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00203-00056958-00057098 grass prairies some short grass prairie
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00204-00057099-00057371 depending on the area there's also some
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00205-00057372-00057541 shrub land in there and then what we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00206-00057542-00057812 call oak savannah which was a it's a
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00207-00057813-00058144 highly endangered ecotype that oak
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00208-00058145-00058457 savannah is is what we're trying to go
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00209-00058458-00058622 after here so that just means that we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00210-00058623-00058991 have some oak trees that are fire
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00211-00058991-00059341 resistant or can handle regular fire
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00212-00059341-00059813 planted within that and what that might
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00213-00059814-00060076 not have necessarily been here but
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00214-00060077-00060301 looking back at the records that did
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00215-00060302-00060529 exist in this area and we want to make
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00216-00060530-00060836 sure that we're where appropriate we can
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00217-00060837-00060994 stick that oak savannah back and try to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00218-00060995-00061439 do our part to undo the man-made
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00219-00061440-00061637 disturbance that was done before nice
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00220-00061638-00061954 alright and you said that oak savannas
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00221-00061955-00062207 and prairies are endangered ecosystems
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00222-00062208-00062552 ecotypes how how you are there around
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00223-00062553-00062822 yeah the the both with tall grass
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00224-00062823-00063044 prairie and oak savannah the the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00225-00063045-00063229 statistic I'm most comfortable with is
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00226-00063230-00063441 less than one percent of the original
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00227-00063442-00063749 remnants are left over it's incredibly
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00228-00063750-00064010 endangered yeah well speaking of Prairie
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00229-00064011-00064247 would you mind walking with me over to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00230-00064248-00064492 one of our controlled burn areas and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00231-00064494-00064642 talk about that yeah let's talk about
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00232-00064644-00064874 some maintenance all right perfect we'll
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00233-00064875-00065315 see you in just a minute all right so we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00234-00065316-00065714 have moved to one of the sections land
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00235-00065715-00065993 here at Tamarack that was part of one of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00236-00065994-00066368 the controlled burns this spring and you
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00237-00066369-00066650 can see look around you can see emily is
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00238-00066651-00066872 there a little bit of evidence of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00239-00066873-00067196 charring from the fire but there's also
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00240-00067197-00067466 a lot of greenery so a lot of people
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00241-00067467-00067817 don't know why controlled burns happen
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00242-00067818-00068156 why do you burn in Ramsey County Parks
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00243-00068157-00068309 yeah it's a good question
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00244-00068310-00068534 I prescribed burns and controlled burns
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00245-00068535-00068825 are a key part of maintenance of the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00246-00068826-00069011 Prairie so once we get established we
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00247-00069012-00069212 want to make sure that those non-natives
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00248-00069213-00069635 or or woody natives don't reintroduce
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00249-00069636-00069833 themselves into the Prairie so we do
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00250-00069834-00069989 that by burning and as you can see it's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00251-00069990-00070190 pretty effective here that this is the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00252-00070191-00070445 woody plant right here just crumbles
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00253-00070446-00070900 right up can't survive this we do this
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00254-00070901-00071123 just to make sure that those natives can
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00255-00071124-00071444 get a get a head start on the non-native
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00256-00071445-00071626 species the herbaceous and the Woody's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00257-00071627-00072134 so wait a minute but how do these native
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00258-00072135-00072407 plants survive a fire well they're what
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00259-00072408-00072596 we call fire adapted so they have
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00260-00072597-00072956 they've co-evolved with fire so that
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00261-00072957-00073363 they can they need fire to survive
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00262-00073364-00073616 non-native species is a herbaceous and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00263-00073617-00073808 and the the woody plants they're not
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00264-00073809-00074042 meant to be run through by fire so it'll
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00265-00074043-00074303 set them back while your natives will
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00266-00074304-00074454 thrive once that
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00267-00074455-00074669 black shows up on the ground warms up
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00268-00074670-00074937 the soil it makes them pop out they stay
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00269-00074938-00075144 dormant and then don't isn't it right
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00270-00075145-00075303 that a lot of these native prairie
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00271-00075304-00075567 plants have really deep roots absolutely
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00272-00075568-00075756 that's key part of it they can be up to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00273-00075757-00075885 ten feet I don't know if you've seen
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00274-00075886-00076100 that publisher but if they can be up to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00275-00076101-00076311 ten feet compared to some of your turf
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00276-00076312-00076713 grasses that are just inches so how
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00277-00076714-00077069 often do you do burns in the prairies
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00278-00077070-00077430 yeah ideally three to five years is is
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00279-00077431-00077606 usually the number there's some research
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00280-00077607-00077754 out there showing that maybe we should
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00281-00077755-00077928 do it a little more often as we can but
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00282-00077929-00078198 you know budgets and permits are hard to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00283-00078199-00078912 get a hold of sometimes yeah absolutely
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00284-00078913-00079137 I mean Buffalo roamed the prairies for
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00285-00079138-00079425 years and still do and there it is a key
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00286-00079426-00079686 piece and many ruminants can be a part
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00287-00079687-00079992 of that so goats cattle Buffalo if you
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00288-00079993-00080256 can get a hold of them they can chew
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00289-00080257-00080553 down and knock down some of those woody
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00290-00080554-00080781 species there's also mowing that's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00291-00080782-00081009 basically the mechanical version of what
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00292-00081010-00081300 you get with the animals all right so
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00293-00081301-00081681 all of this work and maintenance seems
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00294-00081682-00081936 like it's definitely work worth all the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00295-00081937-00081988 effort
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00296-00081989-00082425 but why is it have to be so much yeah
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00297-00082426-00082617 this is really important there's a lot
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00298-00082618-00082779 of planning that goes into it and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00299-00082780-00083181 there's a lot of at work and effort that
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00300-00083182-00083394 goes into it absolutely but it's it's
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00301-00083395-00083541 definitely the payoff you get things
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00302-00083542-00083841 like the bluebirds and a lot of the the
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00303-00083842-00084060 flowers and the grasses that you
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00304-00084061-00084288 wouldn't get otherwise it was a lot of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00305-00084289-00084626 human disturbance to get to the to
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00306-00084627-00084834 degrade the areas that were restoring
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00307-00084835-00084990 today and it's going to be a lot of
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00308-00084991-00085276 effort to get back to a functional
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00309-00085277-00085518 ecosystem in there
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00310-00085519-00085767 well we appreciate all your and the rest
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00311-00085768-00086061 of the park district and soil water and
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00312-00086062-00086255 everybody all the players that go into
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00313-00086256-00087518 maintaining all the property here yeah
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00314-00087519-00087636 we'll keep working at it
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00315-00087637-00087798 Thanks
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00316-00087799-00088726 [Music]
Q3wGTdarpiQ-00317-00088727-00088933 you
Q4Tc9j_Cte0-00000-00000000-00000098 thank you
Q4Tc9j_Cte0-00002-00003534-00003682 foreign
Q4Tc9j_Cte0-00004-00007109-00007673 foreign
Q4Tc9j_Cte0-00006-00011118-00011248 foreign
Q4Tc9j_Cte0-00008-00014540-00014849 [Music]
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00000-00000102-00000335 wow
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00001-00000336-00001955 [Music]
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00002-00001955-00003089 [Music]
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00003-00003090-00003359 welcome to hope today it is a great day
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00004-00003360-00003556 to serve the Lord it is a great day to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00005-00003557-00003736 be rescued by the Lord we're going to be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00006-00003738-00003869 talking about that in just a little bit
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00007-00003870-00004193 but we have a great show for you I'm Tom
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00008-00004194-00004451 I am here with Angela and Anna tell us
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00009-00004452-00004697 about our guest Anna yes it's also a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00010-00004698-00004972 great day to talk about your value your
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00011-00004973-00005351 worthiness and who God made you to be so
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00012-00005352-00005699 is it possible to live a life of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00013-00005700-00005915 contrast when it comes to your identity
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00014-00005916-00006181 can you be confident and humble
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00015-00006182-00006484 independent and supported career focused
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00016-00006486-00006773 and family focused well our guest today
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00017-00006773-00007139 Caitlin Skaggs says yes her heart is to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00018-00007140-00007396 see women live into the depths of their
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00019-00007397-00007684 value and worthiness declaring in her
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00020-00007686-00008033 book that you are both worth it and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00021-00008034-00008345 wonderful and Angela I know this is a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00022-00008346-00008596 passion of your heart too and I we want
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00023-00008597-00008783 to bring in the men perspective too
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00024-00008784-00009160 because God wants men to live into who
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00025-00009161-00009451 they are too but Angela
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00026-00009452-00009719 I love this topic and I don't think we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00027-00009720-00009910 could ever hear enough about it you know
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00028-00009911-00010319 worth it and wonderful is an idea a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00029-00010320-00010577 concept and when it gets deeply rooted
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00030-00010578-00010763 in US it changes our entire perspective
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00031-00010764-00011159 even for our fellas Tom even yes
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00032-00011160-00011363 absolutely we you know we we need to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00033-00011364-00011542 know our worth in Christ you know and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00034-00011543-00011806 one of the today is Purim it's the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00035-00011807-00011999 Jewish holiday that celebrates how the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00036-00012000-00012106 Jewish people were saved from
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00037-00012107-00012359 annihilation in ancient Persia As Told
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00038-00012360-00012556 in the Book of Esther you you all know
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00039-00012557-00012791 the story and it began at sundown last
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00040-00012792-00012971 night and ends at nightfall this evening
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00041-00012972-00013175 but that there is someone who didn't
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00042-00013176-00013547 think that she had What it Took and she
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00043-00013547-00013930 was encouraged to take a stand and of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00044-00013931-00014105 course the the they celebrate that we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00045-00014106-00014233 were talking about the little cookies
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00046-00014234-00014603 that are made haman's hearts we've heard
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00047-00014604-00014885 them called or haman's hats although
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00048-00014886-00015035 Anna you have a really unique
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00049-00015036-00015197 perspective
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00050-00015197-00015443 to call me out on this I was like it's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00051-00015444-00015671 humans ears right the cookies are hayvis
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00052-00015672-00015929 here and everybody's like I have no idea
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00053-00015930-00016133 what you're talking about I'm like oh
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00054-00016134-00016427 okay my wife grew up though two doors
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00055-00016428-00016625 down from a Jewish Family that some of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00056-00016626-00016967 her best friends uh uh the uh the one
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00057-00016968-00017189 girl was her same age and so she was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00058-00017190-00017357 always over there for that celebration
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00059-00017358-00017650 great time and you know even hearing the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00060-00017651-00017879 story of Esther it reminds me so much
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00061-00017880-00018149 about she recognized who she was right
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00062-00018150-00018457 Mordecai called her to arise like stand
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00063-00018458-00018803 and when she recognized her value in her
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00064-00018804-00019193 position it freed and re redeemed and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00065-00019194-00019408 really restored the value of an entire
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00066-00019409-00019594 people and that's what I love about
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00067-00019595-00019871 Purim like there's so much to celebrate
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00068-00019872-00020039 and that's the focus of the holiday
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00069-00020040-00020255 that's what we're here for today to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00070-00020256-00020519 celebrate life and your value yeah and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00071-00020520-00020849 also to celebrate that God rescues his
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00072-00020850-00021172 people like God was so in love with his
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00073-00021173-00021436 p people as you would read in the story
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00074-00021437-00021785 of Esther that he had Esther be born for
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00075-00021786-00022007 such a time as this to be in the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00076-00022008-00022319 position as Queen to be able to save her
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00077-00022320-00022607 people that was no coincidence God had
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00078-00022608-00022817 it planned and let me tell you the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00079-00022818-00022978 things that God does in your life too
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00080-00022979-00023327 it's no coincidence he is coming after
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00081-00023328-00023657 you to rescue you and show you who you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00082-00023658-00023969 are meant to be so when we come back in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00083-00023970-00024167 just 60 seconds we're going to get right
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00084-00024168-00024407 in with our guest and unpack all the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00085-00024408-00024694 beauty of your worthiness and value stay
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00086-00024695-00025217 with us
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00087-00025218-00025541 thank you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00088-00025542-00025870 when Laura called our 24 7 prayer line
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00089-00025872-00026093 she had so much fear that she didn't
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00090-00026094-00026351 want to leave her house she had lost her
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00091-00026352-00026627 husband of 54 years just six months
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00092-00026627-00026885 earlier Laura was flipping through TV
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00093-00026886-00027064 stations when she came across
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00094-00027066-00027293 Cornerstone television she felt
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00095-00027294-00027533 compelled to call one of our prayer
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00096-00027533-00027779 Partners talked listened and prayed with
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00097-00027780-00028120 her for 45 minutes at the end Laura said
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00098-00028122-00028324 how much the ministry had helped relieve
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00099-00028325-00028612 her fear praise God for how he is using
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00100-00028613-00028955 ctvn when you give you become part of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00101-00028956-00029231 what he's doing this month when you give
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00102-00029232-00029561 we'll send wild expectance as our way of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00103-00029562-00029855 saying thank you this book will inspire
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00104-00029856-00030155 you to live your life as God intended
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00105-00030156-00030389 give and request your copy visit us
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00106-00030389-00030990 online at ctvn.org donate or call us at
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00107-00030991-00031564 888-665-4483 Hope happens here
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00108-00031566-00031901 Our Guest today longs to see women live
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00109-00031902-00032158 vibrant lives marked by possibility
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00110-00032160-00032477 instead of living an oversimplified and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00111-00032477-00032711 cautious existence marked by others
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00112-00032712-00033023 expectations personal insecurities and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00113-00033024-00033335 fear author Caitlin Skaggs join us to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00114-00033336-00033581 share how the Bible consistently affirms
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00115-00033582-00033839 your value and invites us to live
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00116-00033840-00034085 bravely and beautifully in our true
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00117-00034086-00034433 identity so Caitlin welcome to hope
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00118-00034434-00034757 today so good to be here today oh man I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00119-00034758-00035009 cannot wait to just dig deeper into this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00120-00035010-00035357 conversation about worth and value and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00121-00035358-00035585 can you share with us at the beginning
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00122-00035586-00035843 of your book you talked about an aha
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00123-00035844-00036149 moment when you realize that you get to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00124-00036150-00036449 live who God meant you created you to be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00125-00036450-00036695 not who the world says you should be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00126-00036696-00036929 absolutely it was one of the most
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00127-00036930-00037133 freeing moments for me it was this Eyes
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00128-00037134-00037385 Wide Open moment where I realized I was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00129-00037386-00037612 feeling all this pressure to choose all
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00130-00037613-00037859 this pressure to be who the world says I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00131-00037860-00037985 should be and to live up to those
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00132-00037986-00038201 expectations but when I realized that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00133-00038202-00038452 those expectations mean nothing in the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00134-00038453-00038662 wake of who God says I am and what he
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00135-00038663-00038980 did for me through Jesus it was Freedom
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00136-00038981-00039209 it was freedom to live with joy and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00137-00039210-00039485 delight and embrace every complexity of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00138-00039486-00039767 who he made me to be yes absolutely and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00139-00039768-00040079 you were reading a book on growing a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00140-00040080-00040355 successful business being a successful
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00141-00040356-00040577 leader and there were two phrases one
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00142-00040578-00040865 was the tyranny of the ore and the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00143-00040866-00041152 genius of the and yes so in a business
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00144-00041153-00041411 concept an example would be would you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00145-00041412-00041735 can't be charitable and profitable the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00146-00041736-00041879 tyranny of the ore would say you've got
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00147-00041880-00042023 to pick which way are you going to go
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00148-00042024-00042262 but this business book said no you can
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00149-00042263-00042443 do both of those things you can be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00150-00042444-00042718 charitable and profitable and as I was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00151-00042719-00042905 thinking about it I thought why is this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00152-00042906-00043115 only for businesses Why Can't This Be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00153-00043116-00043427 for all of us that I can be responsible
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00154-00043428-00043685 and fun-loving and adventurous I can be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00155-00043686-00043901 a great mom and a great career woman and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00156-00043902-00044123 that really helped open my eyes to it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00157-00044124-00044267 but then of course I needed to filter
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00158-00044268-00044458 that through a Biblical lens and say but
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00159-00044459-00044651 is this is this truth is this actual
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00160-00044652-00045083 truth too right and so talk to us a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00161-00045084-00045305 little bit about some of the paradoxes
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00162-00045306-00045658 in the Bible that we can hold on to as
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00163-00045659-00045911 that truth well I thought about those
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00164-00045912-00046121 the the first shall be last and Kingdom
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00165-00046122-00046385 upside down and the light shines
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00166-00046386-00046546 brightest in the darkness so I was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00167-00046547-00046727 realizing that scripture really is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00168-00046728-00046961 speaking to us in contrast in opposites
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00169-00046962-00047146 so I knew I was on to something there
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00170-00047147-00047321 that that this wasn't just an inkling
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00171-00047322-00047518 this just wasn't another self-helpism
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00172-00047519-00047729 that there was some gospel Truth for all
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00173-00047730-00047933 of us so I think about how scripture
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00174-00047934-00048112 says we're fearfully and wonderfully
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00175-00048113-00048299 made there's even a translation that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00176-00048300-00048587 uses complexities it actually uses that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00177-00048588-00048845 word like God knows we're complicated
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00178-00048846-00049067 and he's okay with it in fact he's so
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00179-00049068-00049289 okay with it that He sent Jesus for us
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00180-00049290-00049535 because he said you are supremely worth
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00181-00049536-00049835 it I will send my own son because you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00182-00049836-00050068 are that worth it to me so that's where
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00183-00050069-00050308 every idea in this book is rooted right
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00184-00050309-00050549 I just love that because our identity
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00185-00050550-00050824 when everything else shakes around us
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00186-00050825-00051101 when people try to tell us who we are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00187-00051102-00051364 who we're supposed to be the identity
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00188-00051365-00051742 that is secure in Christ always remains
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00189-00051744-00052108 firm and true absolutely so you've had
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00190-00052109-00052463 quite a journey through your life and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00191-00052464-00052780 you started off out of college as a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00192-00052782-00053075 police officer and you really that was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00193-00053076-00053429 key to Growing your faith and making you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00194-00053429-00053632 become bold can you share that story
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00195-00053633-00053866 absolutely it's so funny to think that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00196-00053867-00054011 that's where it all started it feels so
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00197-00054012-00054257 surreal but it did it's true you know I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00198-00054258-00054382 was really blessed to be raised an
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00199-00054383-00054616 incredible Christian family but I think
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00200-00054617-00054766 each of us has that point where we have
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00201-00054767-00054982 to grab onto our faith with both hands
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00202-00054983-00055157 and say this is my faith and this is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00203-00055158-00055421 between me and the Lord nobody else and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00204-00055422-00055600 that's what happened to me in a police
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00205-00055601-00055900 cruiser I was so overwhelmed by the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00206-00055901-00056116 darkness every night at work I got into
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00207-00056117-00056279 this profession thinking I could help
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00208-00056279-00056537 people people and save people and every
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00209-00056538-00056735 night I was disappointed because who was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00210-00056736-00056926 I helping and who was I really saving
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00211-00056927-00057185 and there was a moment of true despair
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00212-00057186-00057425 where I remember sitting in my car after
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00213-00057426-00057742 one horrific call and just truly having
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00214-00057744-00057923 a cry out to the Lord moment of like
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00215-00057924-00058163 what is all this for anyways and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00216-00058164-00058373 fortunately our sermon series was in The
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00217-00058374-00058516 Book of Luke one of my all-time
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00218-00058517-00058799 favorites because in Luke we look Jesus
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00219-00058800-00058991 in the eyes and we realize there's never
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00220-00058991-00059200 a place too far gone and we can always
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00221-00059201-00059465 get our hopes up so that's what I did I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00222-00059466-00059729 pursued Jesus and it changed everything
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00223-00059729-00060076 wow and so you said let me see if I can
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00224-00060077-00060316 find the quote you said hopelessness
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00225-00060317-00060592 doesn't need to be the conclusion it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00226-00060594-00060832 wasn't for me and I don't want it to be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00227-00060833-00061103 for you either there's somebody watching
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00228-00061104-00061469 today that is feeling hopeless can you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00229-00061470-00061654 just encourage them what would you say
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00230-00061655-00061930 to them yeah I would just say to you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00231-00061932-00062165 that there's never a place too far gone
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00232-00062166-00062375 when it comes to the love love and the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00233-00062376-00062561 Redemption and the freedom that you can
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00234-00062562-00062932 find in Jesus so race after him pursue
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00235-00062933-00063166 him with everything you have and just be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00236-00063167-00063400 expectant that he's going to show up and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00237-00063401-00063623 redeem all the parts that hurt and all
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00238-00063624-00063844 the parts that are hard and feel too far
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00239-00063845-00064103 gone he is for you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00240-00064104-00064403 he is four yeah I think the Lord it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00241-00064404-00064637 seems to me the Lord really Delights to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00242-00064638-00064823 rescue those people that we see that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00243-00064824-00065075 seem the furthest off have you have you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00244-00065076-00065194 ever seen that have you seen someone
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00245-00065195-00065459 come to God that was far away you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00246-00065460-00065626 thought well that's a hard case there
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00247-00065627-00065861 God Delights in in bringing the hard
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00248-00065862-00066131 cases to himself I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00249-00066132-00066323 you know what you're getting at makes me
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00250-00066324-00066526 think of the ministry that I work for my
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00251-00066527-00066725 full-time job I work for New Hope girls
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00252-00066726-00066961 and we work in the Dominican Republic
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00253-00066962-00067175 helping girls that have been brought out
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00254-00067176-00067367 of the ultimate Darkness trafficking
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00255-00067368-00067625 abuse exploitation and that's been
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00256-00067626-00067835 profound for me too because watching
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00257-00067836-00068159 those girls walk intact and whole in the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00258-00068160-00068369 Lord is the ultimate transformation
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00259-00068370-00068549 because I think the world would say well
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00260-00068550-00068747 you're too far gone there's no coming
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00261-00068748-00068903 back from something like what you've
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00262-00068904-00069076 experienced but Jesus says watch me
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00263-00069077-00069317 watch the freedom that I will give these
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00264-00069318-00069526 girls watch How I literally set the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00265-00069527-00069719 captives free from everything they've
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00266-00069720-00069826 experienced
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00267-00069827-00070019 what I found really interesting about
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00268-00070020-00070193 the ministry you're a part of we got to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00269-00070194-00070450 talk prior to and I love how you guys
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00270-00070451-00070673 incorporate this value of Celebration
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00271-00070674-00070900 and I really believe when you're talking
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00272-00070901-00071123 about the paradoxes and the contrast
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00273-00071124-00071429 you're living that so can you tell me a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00274-00071430-00071626 little bit about how that shows up in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00275-00071627-00071831 that Ministry with these young girls
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00276-00071832-00071944 who've come from devastating
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00277-00071945-00072232 circumstances absolutely so birthdays
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00278-00072233-00072400 are a really big deal for these girls
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00279-00072401-00072706 for us we let them pick their theme and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00280-00072707-00072911 we make it all about them and there's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00281-00072912-00073109 prayer we lay hands on them and pray
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00282-00073110-00073331 over them and just tell them we speak
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00283-00073332-00073505 words of who they are in the Lord you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00284-00073506-00073649 are creative for more that's what our
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00285-00073650-00073859 saying is for our girls creato paramas
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00286-00073860-00074135 and the reason we do that is because we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00287-00074136-00074303 know the darkness exists and we can't
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00288-00074304-00074453 change what's happened to them in the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00289-00074454-00074681 past but you can believe that the future
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00290-00074682-00074981 forward is full of Hope and it is our
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00291-00074982-00075185 joy to live in that hope with them each
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00292-00075186-00075406 and every day I love that because I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00293-00075407-00075617 think a lot of times when we hear hard
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00294-00075618-00075821 stories we think there's no joy there
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00295-00075822-00076121 but you all with New Hope Ministries you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00296-00076122-00076294 are finding it and being intentional
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00297-00076295-00076565 about celebrating life and truly like
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00298-00076566-00076871 seeing the actual exchange of ashes for
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00299-00076872-00077135 beauty of mourning for dancing you know
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00300-00077136-00077387 and and I love that principle how would
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00301-00077388-00077615 you say that today if there's a woman or
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00302-00077616-00077831 a man who's watching and they are in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00303-00077832-00077981 their sackcloth you know like we're
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00304-00077982-00078155 talking about Esther they're mourning
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00305-00078156-00078400 and and they are sorrowful what is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00306-00078401-00078575 something that they can do today right
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00307-00078576-00078700 where they are even though their
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00308-00078701-00078905 circumstances haven't changed to really
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00309-00078906-00079265 get them to a place of exchanging those
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00310-00079266-00079456 ashes for beauty
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00311-00079457-00079691 think a part of it starts honestly with
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00312-00079692-00079888 lament and with feeling the heavy and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00313-00079889-00080117 acknowledging it's not meant to be this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00314-00080118-00080303 way Lord it is not meant to be this way
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00315-00080304-00080561 because choosing Joy isn't choosing to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00316-00080562-00080747 act like it never happened but it's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00317-00080748-00080909 acknowledging it before the Lord in this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00318-00080910-00081071 holy lament of saying this should have
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00319-00081072-00081281 never happened but it did but now I'm
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00320-00081282-00081461 trusting you to pick up every broken
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00321-00081462-00081665 piece and make sense of it Lord because
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00322-00081666-00081961 he can in only a way that he can
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00323-00081962-00082282 and so good yeah I love that so much
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00324-00082283-00082588 because I was just as I was praying over
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00325-00082589-00082888 this program today and the conversations
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00326-00082889-00083117 that we were going to have
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00327-00083118-00083488 I thought to myself the closer that we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00328-00083489-00083987 draw to Jesus the more we find life
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00329-00083988-00084473 and how often do we seek a job for our
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00330-00084474-00084875 identity in Life or a relationship or a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00331-00084876-00085091 certain look of the way that we dress
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00332-00085092-00085355 that something that will fulfill us and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00333-00085356-00085619 show us our identity but our life our
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00334-00085620-00085912 identity is all hidden in Christ and as
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00335-00085913-00086267 we go closer to him we come back to life
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00336-00086268-00086537 and he brings that Beauty From the Ashes
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00337-00086538-00086831 so I want to just unpack these contrasts
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00338-00086832-00087125 a little bit there were a few in your
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00339-00087126-00087449 book that just really captured me and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00340-00087450-00087838 the first was lovely and fierce so it's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00341-00087839-00088049 one of my favorites that's my favorite
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00342-00088050-00088259 kind of person if you are lovely and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00343-00088260-00088535 fierce it means that you have this this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00344-00088536-00088762 kind of inner beauty that radiates and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00345-00088763-00088991 you're just delightful to be around but
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00346-00088992-00089206 you'll also dig your heels in and you'll
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00347-00089207-00089362 fight for the holy things that are worth
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00348-00089363-00089567 fighting for so of course I go back to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00349-00089568-00089861 New Hope girls our founder and who's one
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00350-00089862-00090041 of my best friends she embodies lovely
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00351-00090042-00090232 and Fierce and I introduce you to her in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00352-00090233-00090431 the book but just this idea of she
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00353-00090432-00090629 submits herself before the Lord in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00354-00090630-00090803 prayer and she trusts that he is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00355-00090804-00090947 ultimately the one that is going to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00356-00090948-00091175 write all the wrongs but she also says
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00357-00091176-00091450 Lord I'm here I'm ready use me and she's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00358-00091451-00091679 ready to get to work for him right I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00359-00091680-00091894 love this concept of warrior and I was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00360-00091895-00092267 joking with Tom because he was at a guy
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00361-00092268-00092573 here everybody he was at a men's Retreat
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00362-00092574-00092782 this past weekend and he said how they
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00363-00092783-00093029 spoke into the men talking about how
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00364-00093030-00093244 they're Warriors which is so true and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00365-00093245-00093538 Tom's like that's man language and I was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00366-00093539-00093923 like listen we women are warriors too
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00367-00093924-00094223 and you talk about like kicking indoors
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00368-00094224-00094432 it's one of my favorite Concepts because
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00369-00094433-00094726 to me when when I say kicking indoors I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00370-00094727-00094847 mean there's some funny stories in there
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00371-00094848-00095044 about where all that came from but it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00372-00095045-00095212 really is saying that you are so worth
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00373-00095213-00095459 it that there's nowhere I won't go for
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00374-00095460-00095656 you right I will go there and I will go
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00375-00095657-00095885 to the the lengths and and that's what I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00376-00095886-00096143 see Jesus do doing is he went and met
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00377-00096144-00096287 with the hard people the difficult
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00378-00096288-00096532 people the smelly people but he knew
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00379-00096533-00096653 that they were worth it and they had
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00380-00096654-00096893 inherent value and that's to me what
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00381-00096894-00097055 these beautiful Warriors do what my
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00382-00097056-00097235 colleagues in the Dominican Republic do
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00383-00097236-00097426 and what these lovely and fierce women
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00384-00097427-00097643 of God do is we just say we'll do the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00385-00097644-00097853 hard things Lord if you ask me I'll be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00386-00097854-00098032 brave I'll be brave with my life for you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00387-00098033-00098249 you know I know all about lovely and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00388-00098250-00098461 Affairs I'm married to Gene Hollis okay
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00389-00098462-00098747 I know completely about lovely and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00390-00098748-00099011 fierce you know and my daughters as well
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00391-00099012-00099221 you know but what but what a great
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00392-00099222-00099491 concept what a great understanding that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00393-00099492-00099923 God wants us to go all for you know all
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00394-00099924-00100241 for those people to rescue those people
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00395-00100242-00100438 um just tell me a story tell me a story
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00396-00100439-00100643 about somebody that one of those girls
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00397-00100644-00100865 is there one that just pops into your
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00398-00100866-00101111 head about one of the girls that that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00399-00101112-00101488 that has been rescued yeah so many this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00400-00101489-00101644 one little girl we'll just we'll call
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00401-00101645-00101849 her Maria just protect her identity but
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00402-00101850-00102029 the first time I met her I was down
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00403-00102030-00102167 there and she was weeks out from a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00404-00102168-00102382 rescue she was still raw and in her eyes
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00405-00102383-00102580 there was no life and she didn't want
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00406-00102581-00102718 anyone to be near her and she was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00407-00102719-00103121 fearful everything made her afraid and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00408-00103122-00103306 little by little we started with
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00409-00103307-00103504 painting and art and I watched my boss
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00410-00103505-00103684 Joy I watched she mirrors how you can
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00411-00103685-00103816 work with these girls and just bring
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00412-00103817-00104134 them out of themselves but two visits
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00413-00104135-00104290 later I showed up so that you figure
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00414-00104291-00104489 this is now over about a nine month span
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00415-00104490-00104680 and the first thing she wanted to do was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00416-00104681-00104873 have a tea party with me and she just
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00417-00104874-00105034 wanted to sit down and she was so
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00418-00105035-00105334 comfortable and she was so sweet and she
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00419-00105335-00105545 served me my tea and she made this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00420-00105546-00105760 beautiful spread and what that says to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00421-00105761-00106036 me is she was so broken inside but she
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00422-00106038-00106295 now has the capacity to love and to give
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00423-00106296-00106504 that love freely and I think what a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00424-00106505-00106684 powerful transformation story that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00425-00106685-00107051 someone so broken so betrayed can heal
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00426-00107052-00107219 in a way that they can give the very
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00427-00107220-00107489 love that they were denied for years so
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00428-00107490-00107843 it she is just incredible wow I love
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00429-00107844-00108065 that story because it does show the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00430-00108066-00108527 power of love you know God is love and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00431-00108528-00108845 to see him rush into every crack over
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00432-00108846-00109216 years of trauma is powerful that he can
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00433-00109217-00109463 do it like that it doesn't take a lot it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00434-00109464-00109728 takes one touch of Jesus and a life
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00435-00109729-00110033 transformed I love your position there I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00436-00110033-00110201 love that you guys are ministering there
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00437-00110202-00110416 we all ought to be like that that's what
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00438-00110417-00110590 we should be our characters of his love
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00439-00110591-00110854 that changes every crack right
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00440-00110855-00111173 absolutely he does restore and rebuild
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00441-00111174-00111533 and so I know that Caitlyn you have
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00442-00111533-00111916 children that you get to raise and their
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00443-00111917-00112175 value and their purpose and another
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00444-00112176-00112433 contrast that you talked about was that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00445-00112433-00112745 a woman can be both family focused and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00446-00112746-00112997 career focused so tell us a little bit
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00447-00112998-00113290 about how you do that with balance you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00448-00113291-00113489 know it's hard and it's a process and I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00449-00113490-00113633 think it's one that we all walk through
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00450-00113633-00113878 but what I try to see is how the two
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00451-00113879-00114149 pieces feed each other that when I am
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00452-00114150-00114383 investing well in my family the lessons
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00453-00114383-00114569 I learn in that space I can bring to the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00454-00114570-00114749 work environment and then the work that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00455-00114750-00115001 I do helps inform the way I parent and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00456-00115002-00115145 the way I encourage my children and I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00457-00115146-00115366 also want my children to be aware of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00458-00115367-00115565 this is a big world with a lot of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00459-00115566-00115745 opportunity and we are to live in this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00460-00115746-00115960 world and not be of this world so what
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00461-00115961-00116158 does that look like so I truly see it as
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00462-00116159-00116410 modeling for my children getting their
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00463-00116411-00116608 interests peaked you know before this
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00464-00116609-00116783 current role I was a spokesperson at a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00465-00116783-00116939 university and they would see me on TV
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00466-00116940-00117143 as the spokesperson and and then they
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00467-00117144-00117389 would play TV at home or play news at
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00468-00117390-00117575 home and so it's fun to see how it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00469-00117576-00117863 brings that but I think the important
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00470-00117864-00118031 thing is be present where you are in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00471-00118032-00118169 that moment don't be at work feeling
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00472-00118170-00118319 guilty you're not at home don't be at
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00473-00118320-00118504 home feeling guilty or not at work you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00474-00118505-00118751 really have to just be where you are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00475-00118752-00119104 fully present right it's really truly so
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00476-00119105-00119321 beautiful all the different contrasts
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00477-00119322-00119645 that we can live in and it's not an ore
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00478-00119646-00120023 it's the and and thank you for writing
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00479-00120024-00120371 your book it each chapter is an example
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00480-00120372-00120586 of these contrasts that we both can live
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00481-00120588-00120916 into and so we have just like 30 seconds
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00482-00120917-00121199 left before we go to our scripture can
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00483-00121200-00121397 you just look into the camera and really
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00484-00121398-00121631 encourage a woman in her purpose
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00485-00121632-00121966 absolutely God Delights in who you are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00486-00121967-00122201 he made you with intention and he made
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00487-00122202-00122513 you on purpose for a purpose so rest in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00488-00122514-00122758 that beautiful truth that he loves you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00489-00122759-00123016 and he is for you no matter what you're
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00490-00123017-00123233 facing today you can turn to him and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00491-00123233-00123425 trust that he'll walk with you through
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00492-00123426-00123701 the good days and the bad days he will
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00493-00123702-00123913 be present with you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00494-00123914-00124271 Caitlyn thank you so much for worth it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00495-00124272-00124516 and wonderful if you want to be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00496-00124517-00124823 encouraged in your god-given identity
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00497-00124824-00125140 take some time to read Caitlyn's book it
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00498-00125141-00125447 will encourage you and cause you to be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00499-00125448-00125747 lovely and Fierce and go after all that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00500-00125748-00126052 God has for you and the word is where we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00501-00126053-00126299 find all this truth and Angela you have
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00502-00126300-00126593 our scripture for today that is true we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00503-00126594-00127049 have Psalm 139 14 for you today thank
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00504-00127050-00127357 you for making me so wonderfully complex
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00505-00127358-00127793 your workmanship is marvelous how well I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00506-00127794-00128027 know it I think our conversation today
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00507-00128028-00128297 was very clearly you know speaking to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00508-00128298-00128578 the complexities that we are even you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00509-00128579-00128752 men are complex I know some of you are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00510-00128753-00128908 looking at each other and saying that's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00511-00128909-00129160 definitely so simple we are completely
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00512-00129161-00129527 simple believe me but I love it Sports
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00513-00129528-00129904 food we're good
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00514-00129905-00130121 oh goodness you know what I just I want
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00515-00130122-00130331 to say because I know our conversation
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00516-00130332-00130823 today was so woman focused but men who
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00517-00130824-00131171 are watching realize that God infused
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00518-00131172-00131525 purpose and identity in you too as men
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00519-00131526-00131819 and women we were created in the image
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00520-00131820-00132190 of God and I thought about how God is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00521-00132191-00132664 described as lovely and Fierce and he is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00522-00132665-00133001 a warrior and as men and women we are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00523-00133002-00133409 warriors when we walk together and who
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00524-00133410-00133690 God made us to be it's not that men are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00525-00133691-00133907 better than women or women are better
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00526-00133908-00134135 than men but when we realize that we are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00527-00134136-00134489 equal in Christ and that we are so fully
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00528-00134490-00134837 loved and what a beautiful picture that
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00529-00134838-00135035 we get to represent as men and women
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00530-00135036-00135431 together on this Earth of who God is and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00531-00135432-00135671 his love for his people well one thing I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00532-00135672-00135863 love about that and and sometimes you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00533-00135864-00136121 know guys struggle with the whole the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00534-00136122-00136366 love for Jesus you know that he's the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00535-00136367-00136564 lover of our soul and we need to be
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00536-00136565-00136804 those people that understand where we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00537-00136805-00137033 fight and where we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00538-00137034-00137339 love you know where are our hearts are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00539-00137340-00137554 hit are completely his so we're standing
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00540-00137555-00137783 there and Caitlyn when
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00541-00137784-00137957 you know with
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00542-00137958-00138185 um just could you speak into that a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00543-00138186-00138664 little bit about men also being fierce
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00544-00138665-00138875 but also loving because a lot of times
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00545-00138876-00139109 where we got the fierce side down you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00546-00139110-00139493 know uh but but uh as as men of God we
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00547-00139494-00139739 need to be loving and caring and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00548-00139740-00139973 nurturing all those other sides of God
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00549-00139974-00140273 that sometimes women seem to represent
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00550-00140274-00140531 better sure and I think even if it's a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00551-00140532-00140704 struggle really the end goal is an
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00552-00140705-00140921 identity that mirrors the identity of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00553-00140922-00141202 Jesus and that's who Jesus is so all
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00554-00141203-00141478 self-confidence all manly man aside it's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00555-00141479-00141743 not about the um the masculinity it's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00556-00141744-00141995 about who is Jesus and using him as the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00557-00141996-00142163 ultimate guidepost so I think that's how
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00558-00142164-00142343 I would encourage men is to really lean
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00559-00142344-00142540 into that and say well that's what Jesus
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00560-00142541-00142666 modeled so I'm going to do that I'm
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00561-00142667-00142864 going to be faithful and obedient the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00562-00142865-00143039 other reason it's super important is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00563-00143040-00143333 because when you do that you reflect the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00564-00143334-00143531 glory of God to a hurting and broken
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00565-00143532-00143771 world so if that's what obedience if
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00566-00143772-00144016 that's the outcome of obedience super
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00567-00144017-00144214 important to do yeah
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00568-00144215-00144473 absolutely and maybe you know you've
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00569-00144474-00144640 been hearing all this and you've been
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00570-00144641-00144977 wondering where you fit well maybe you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00571-00144978-00145211 had to make this either or choice and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00572-00145212-00145427 God says no I've got better for you I've
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00573-00145428-00145661 got more for you I just want you to take
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00574-00145662-00145864 that moment right now and cry out to God
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00575-00145865-00146171 and say God I I I think I made a wrong
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00576-00146172-00146416 choice somewhere what's so great and and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00577-00146417-00146687 Caitlyn's seen it with what she's when
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00578-00146688-00146825 she works with these girls that the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00579-00146826-00146981 world would say are damaged that the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00580-00146982-00147202 world would say uh you know that they
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00581-00147203-00147431 they can't be healed but through God you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00582-00147432-00147647 can be healed they can be healed all of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00583-00147648-00147989 us we can we can begin to see who God
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00584-00147990-00148247 made us to truly be God has built things
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00585-00148248-00148433 inside of you that haven't been released
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00586-00148434-00148739 yet trust him today that he's going to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00587-00148740-00148883 release those you can call our prayer
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00588-00148884-00149045 line you can pray about that with one of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00589-00149046-00149201 our prayer Partners they'll be happy to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00590-00149202-00149447 just pray with you but cry out to God
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00591-00149448-00149704 and say God I want to know the purpose
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00592-00149705-00149963 for which I was created yeah I think
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00593-00149964-00150166 it's important for you to realize like
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00594-00150167-00150407 the scripture we read today you know you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00595-00150408-00150664 are wonderfully complex and the Lord
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00596-00150665-00150869 knows you very well he knows you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00597-00150870-00151109 exceedingly well that in that weak place
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00598-00151110-00151402 he's with you and in your strength he's
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00599-00151403-00151816 also with you every part of Who You Are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00600-00151817-00152213 God wants to infiltrate and pour over he
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00601-00152214-00152464 loves you and made you so
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00602-00152465-00152825 yes I'm listening to everyone share I'm
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00603-00152826-00153052 just thinking about somebody who is
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00604-00153053-00153419 watching today and you have had a lot of
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00605-00153420-00153785 lies spoken into your identity maybe
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00606-00153786-00154097 from a very young age somebody who was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00607-00154098-00154331 significant in your life that was
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00608-00154332-00154613 supposed to be a safe person
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00609-00154614-00155002 spoke lies to you about who you are and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00610-00155003-00155381 those have been so ingrained and you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00611-00155382-00155614 hear yourself just repeating those same
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00612-00155615-00155861 lies about your identity
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00613-00155862-00156257 today is the day to bring all of that to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00614-00156258-00156551 the feet of Jesus because he wants to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00615-00156552-00156923 pull those lies out of the darkness and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00616-00156924-00157319 bring them into light to say this isn't
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00617-00157320-00157643 this is a lie and I will tell you who
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00618-00157644-00157847 you are
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00619-00157848-00158147 he wants to speak his truth into your
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00620-00158148-00158387 heart telling you that you are a
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00621-00158388-00158825 masterpiece you are his chosen woman his
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00622-00158826-00159245 chosen man he has Beauty ready for the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00623-00159246-00159521 ashes that you have been sitting in he
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00624-00159522-00159887 wants you to shake off that dust and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00625-00159888-00160247 rise up into your identity because time
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00626-00160248-00160595 on this Earth is short and you are here
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00627-00160596-00160793 for a reason
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00628-00160794-00161123 don't sit around any longer in the dark
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00629-00161124-00161363 and the shame and the guilt and the less
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00630-00161364-00161495 than
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00631-00161496-00161801 you were not given a spirit of fear but
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00632-00161802-00162185 a spirit of power love and a sound mind
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00633-00162186-00162409 that's really good Anna
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00634-00162410-00162647 Caitlin thank you so much for being with
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00635-00162648-00162869 us and for sharing it's a great message
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00636-00162870-00163085 an important message for for all of us
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00637-00163086-00163349 to to hear and to know and and again as
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00638-00163350-00163576 Anna just said as we've been saying to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00639-00163577-00163823 you you were destined for a purpose in
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00640-00163824-00164164 God you know the I'm just I just know
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00641-00164165-00164314 there's somebody right now I don't I
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00642-00164315-00164531 don't know what age you are but you're
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00643-00164532-00164789 you're feeling like you haven't seen the
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00644-00164790-00164963 full release of what God wants in here
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00645-00164964-00165161 well God says yeah you have it I'm going
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00646-00165162-00165437 to do that be prepared be prepared to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00647-00165438-00165695 see something fresh and new have your as
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00648-00165696-00165821 I've heard preachers say have your
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00649-00165822-00166066 antennas up have your eyes open to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00650-00166067-00166295 receive from God because when you do
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00651-00166296-00166499 that you begin to walk in that purpose
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00652-00166500-00166714 you were created for and you begin to
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00653-00166715-00167152 find God find his hope today
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00654-00167153-00167464 on Tomorrow's Hope today discover how
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00655-00167465-00167711 God speaks into your unique personality
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00656-00167712-00167969 and life story to make the gospel come
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00657-00167970-00168275 alive for you podcaster and author Jesse
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00658-00168276-00168514 Eubanks invites you to discover who you
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00659-00168515-00168785 are encounter the Heart of Jesus and
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00660-00168786-00169043 strengthen your relationships don't miss
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00661-00169044-00169978 Tomorrow's Hope today
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00662-00169979-00170195 Cornerstone television wishes to thank
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00663-00170196-00170393 all our faithful viewers whose
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00664-00170394-00170554 consistent prayers and financial support
Q5_sBhYJaSk-00665-00170555-00170929 have made this program possible
Qr6xXXKL7y8-00000-00000440-00000543 so we came here
Qr6xXXKL7y8-00001-00000544-00000991 and we found our sections
QrEdsCx-QbY-00000-00000008-00000179 [Music]
QrEdsCx-QbY-00001-00000180-00000604 foreign
QrEdsCx-QbY-00003-00003996-00004220 foreign
QrEdsCx-QbY-00004-00004221-00007205 [Music]
QrEdsCx-QbY-00005-00007206-00007934 foreign
QrEdsCx-QbY-00007-00011010-00011362 foreign
QrEdsCx-QbY-00008-00011363-00014063 [Music]
QrEdsCx-QbY-00009-00014063-00014791 foreign
QrEdsCx-QbY-00011-00017868-00018219 foreign
QrEdsCx-QbY-00012-00018220-00018588 [Music]
QtxTvSTZcq4-00000-00000052-00000651 [Music]
QtxTvSTZcq4-00001-00000652-00002772 a is free B is for C is for D is for
QtxTvSTZcq4-00002-00002773-00003063 don't be scared Boris the light near you
QtxTvSTZcq4-00003-00003064-00003189 so you don't get lost
QtxTvSTZcq4-00004-00003190-00003620 e is for everyone knows that song f is
QtxTvSTZcq4-00005-00003621-00005226 for G is for H is for you I is for J is
QtxTvSTZcq4-00006-00005227-00005934 for K is
QvLJaLnFbvY-00000-00000313-00001648 [Music]
QvLJaLnFbvY-00002-00011284-00011677 do
QvLJaLnFbvY-00003-00011678-00014083 [Music]
QvLJaLnFbvY-00004-00014084-00014449 do
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QvLJaLnFbvY-00020-00078483-00078795 do
QvLJaLnFbvY-00021-00078796-00079882 [Music]
QvLJaLnFbvY-00022-00079883-00080419 so
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QvLJaLnFbvY-00024-00082683-00083123 do
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QvLJaLnFbvY-00081-00324051-00324882 [Music]
QvLJaLnFbvY-00082-00324883-00325196 do
QvLJaLnFbvY-00084-00329083-00329483 do
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QvLJaLnFbvY-00091-00360113-00360606 [Music]
QvLJaLnFbvY-00092-00360607-00360816 you
Qw8yYS75l-g-00000-00000281-00000446 about good tonight
Qw8yYS75l-g-00001-00000447-00001264 we're on happy beach
Qw8yYS75l-g-00002-00001265-00001925 and this is the view
Qw8yYS75l-g-00003-00001926-00002408 from Happy Bay Beach
Qw8yYS75l-g-00004-00002409-00004344 that's the way we come
Qw8yYS75l-g-00005-00004345-00004606 it's about in 2h we're at the end of
Qw8yYS75l-g-00006-00004607-00005389 happy baby to show you the alternative
Qw8yYS75l-g-00007-00005390-00005679 routes in case you need to that's across
Qw8yYS75l-g-00010-00012321-00012527 be careful of your footing
Qw8yYS75l-g-00011-00012528-00012830 once again sand under your feet sand
Qw8yYS75l-g-00012-00012831-00015727 under your shoes can be quite slippery
Qw8yYS75l-g-00013-00015728-00016066 it's about five
Qw8yYS75l-g-00014-00016068-00016492 and there's a valley on the left-hand
Qw8yYS75l-g-00015-00016493-00016808 side you're going at the beach to the
Qw8yYS75l-g-00016-00016809-00018301 caves we're a risk
Qw8yYS75l-g-00017-00018302-00019188 it's really a lovely day for a hike
Qw8yYS75l-g-00018-00019189-00019569 it's just about 8 o'clock now that's
Qw8yYS75l-g-00019-00019570-00021675 rockin French I believe that I rock but
Qw8yYS75l-g-00020-00021676-00022533 this is the highest high rockin
Qw8yYS75l-g-00021-00022534-00022621 Afrikaans
Qw8yYS75l-g-00022-00022622-00023364 I was camping in the cave ones
Qw8yYS75l-g-00023-00023365-00023850 the next morning I had to run back to
Qw8yYS75l-g-00024-00023851-00024000 the internal beach to get some fresh
Qw8yYS75l-g-00025-00024001-00024360 water because there aren't any
Qw8yYS75l-g-00026-00024361-00024864 facilities at the caves and as I ran
Qw8yYS75l-g-00027-00024865-00025157 forced this rock there was a girl on top
Qw8yYS75l-g-00028-00025158-00025455 we decided that I must have benefit a
Qw8yYS75l-g-00029-00025456-00025749 threat of some sort and it thought of
Qw8yYS75l-g-00030-00025750-00026268 attacking me dive-bomb Kamikaze it went
Qw8yYS75l-g-00031-00026269-00026562 ballistic I had to duck and weave to get
Qw8yYS75l-g-00032-00026563-00026919 out of the way and coming in back on the
Qw8yYS75l-g-00033-00026920-00027318 way again same story so in my mind this
Qw8yYS75l-g-00034-00027319-00028508 is called go rock it's about 5'4 state
Qw8yYS75l-g-00035-00028510-00028917 and I believe this is known as flat
Qw8yYS75l-g-00036-00028918-00029502 bunkies or the flats in English and I've
Qw8yYS75l-g-00037-00029502-00029720 seen some anglers on these rocks many
Qw8yYS75l-g-00038-00029722-00030366 times before probably catching a daily
Qw8yYS75l-g-00039-00030367-00032013 meal
Qw8yYS75l-g-00040-00032014-00032493 oops and slip
Qw8yYS75l-g-00041-00032494-00034360 watch your footing
Qw8yYS75l-g-00042-00034361-00034709 it's about quarter past eight
Qw8yYS75l-g-00043-00034710-00035191 and this is the first view of the Rick
Qw8yYS75l-g-00044-00035192-00035507 this Rick is actually not a shipwreck as
Qw8yYS75l-g-00045-00035508-00035906 many people think but it is it used to
Qw8yYS75l-g-00046-00035907-00036530 be a floating dry dock and it stranded
Qw8yYS75l-g-00047-00036531-00037217 here in 1902 the story was that it
Qw8yYS75l-g-00048-00037218-00037631 needed to be transported to Durban
Qw8yYS75l-g-00049-00037632-00038213 Harbor on the east coast of and as it
Qw8yYS75l-g-00050-00038214-00038726 pushed Mossel Bay storm arose on the
Qw8yYS75l-g-00051-00038727-00039313 Seas and one of its mooring lines broke
Qw8yYS75l-g-00052-00039314-00039689 that's one of its towing lines broke
Qw8yYS75l-g-00053-00039690-00040210 broke and there were quite a few
Qw8yYS75l-g-00054-00040211-00040739 attempts to to save it again there was a
Qw8yYS75l-g-00055-00040740-00040916 second line attached but that also
Qw8yYS75l-g-00056-00040917-00041258 snapped and then eventually due to the
Qw8yYS75l-g-00057-00041259-00041528 rough seas it was decided to abandon the
Qw8yYS75l-g-00058-00041529-00041998 effort and eventually it washed out here
Qw8yYS75l-g-00059-00041999-00042350 if I remember my facts correctly
Qw8yYS75l-g-00060-00042351-00042632 asserted mr. George Parkes obtained the
Qw8yYS75l-g-00061-00042633-00043084 salvage rights and he came here and
Qw8yYS75l-g-00062-00043085-00043205 stripped down
Qw8yYS75l-g-00063-00043206-00043400 suppose he had a whole team of men doing
Qw8yYS75l-g-00064-00043401-00043814 it stripped down whatever they could
Qw8yYS75l-g-00065-00043815-00044155 salvage from the dry docks
Qw8yYS75l-g-00066-00044156-00044712 as you can see it's broken into 1 2 3
Qw8yYS75l-g-00067-00044713-00045121 pieces and on google maps you can see
Qw8yYS75l-g-00068-00045122-00045433 then lying in a line diagonally running
Qw8yYS75l-g-00069-00045434-00045858 into the sea today with spring low tide
Qw8yYS75l-g-00070-00045859-00046297 it is actually possible to approach the
Qw8yYS75l-g-00071-00046298-00046827 front the front part of the of the RIC
Qw8yYS75l-g-00072-00046828-00047353 without getting to wait for the more
Qw8yYS75l-g-00073-00047354-00048273 adventurous among us it is tricky and
Qw8yYS75l-g-00074-00048274-00048790 the structure is rested so if you get a
Qw8yYS75l-g-00075-00048791-00049065 pick up a scrape or cut yourself on on
Qw8yYS75l-g-00076-00049066-00049339 the jagged edges that could land you in
Qw8yYS75l-g-00077-00049340-00050725 hospital
Qw8yYS75l-g-00078-00050726-00051007 and we're going that way oh yes just
Qw8yYS75l-g-00079-00051008-00051412 behind us there's a little holiday beach
Qw8yYS75l-g-00080-00051413-00051921 house apparently the owners have a
Qw8yYS75l-g-00081-00051922-00052276 garage on top of the hill which you
Qw8yYS75l-g-00082-00052277-00052433 can't see now
Qw8yYS75l-g-00083-00052434-00052799 and they park there and then come down a
Qw8yYS75l-g-00084-00052800-00053135 pot not sure how clear the parties that
Qw8yYS75l-g-00085-00053136-00053413 I can see a diagonal line zigzagging
Qw8yYS75l-g-00086-00053414-00053841 down the cliff goes into the valley and
Qw8yYS75l-g-00087-00053842-00054244 comes out at the back door of that house
Qw8yYS75l-g-00088-00054245-00054686 there are some people on the porch
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00000-00000697-00000940 our panelists are meeting each other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00001-00000941-00003202 [Laughter]
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00002-00003203-00003740 all right hi everyone so that was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00003-00003740-00003992 fantastic thank you so much for for that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00004-00003993-00004151 and I feel like that was such a perfect
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00005-00004152-00004400 framework going into this topic of youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00006-00004401-00004595 voice right now like that that was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00007-00004596-00004772 fantastic so we couldn't have asked for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00008-00004773-00005102 a better segue into into our topic for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00009-00005103-00005339 this panel I'm really excited to kick
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00010-00005340-00005570 off our first panel today with this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00011-00005571-00005855 topic of youth voice I have been so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00012-00005856-00006110 inspired by youth across the country in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00013-00006111-00006416 recent years in their advocacy and their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00014-00006417-00006670 way for speaking up for themselves for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00015-00006672-00006944 their peers for the issues that they are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00016-00006945-00007154 all fighting for you know I mean we saw
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00017-00007155-00007309 that in Florida as well with Douglas
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00018-00007311-00007510 high after the shooting you know and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00019-00007511-00007754 just we see that all the time in history
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00020-00007755-00007945 that youth are the ones that are really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00021-00007947-00008263 making change in this country so how are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00022-00008264-00008570 we as theatre companies working with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00023-00008571-00009026 youth to empower them to continue to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00024-00009027-00009278 make that change not just in society and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00025-00009279-00009449 in their worlds but also within our own
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00026-00009450-00009677 theaters so I'm really interested in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00027-00009678-00009959 that that question as our theatre
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00028-00009960-00010205 continues to centralize education and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00029-00010206-00010409 engagement programming as core to our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00030-00010410-00010764 missions and our visions how are we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00031-00010765-00011039 representing youth voice at those tables
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00032-00011040-00011387 as we strive to create safe and brave
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00033-00011388-00011614 spaces for youth at our theaters in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00034-00011615-00011860 world of me too we need to listen to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00035-00011861-00012382 them as we make decisions and how we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00036-00012383-00012662 responsibly hold that space for those
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00037-00012663-00012881 youth and how are we making the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00038-00012882-00013052 decisions with them rather than just for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00039-00013053-00013616 them I hope to start here to put forth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00040-00013616-00013828 youth voice front and center as we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00041-00013829-00014069 continue on our day to discuss
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00042-00014069-00014266 trauma-informed care and safety I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00043-00014268-00014591 this is a great flow to to this whole
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00044-00014591-00014869 day together and let's consider in these
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00045-00014870-00015209 conversations how we will take this work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00046-00015210-00015452 back to our own theaters and be more
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00047-00015453-00015671 responsible when we do invite youth to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00048-00015672-00015752 the table
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00049-00015753-00016085 for these dialogues I'm thrilled to have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00050-00016086-00016286 a wonderful panel here this is really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00051-00016287-00016604 exciting to me I think that each person
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00052-00016605-00016808 here has a really unique voice a unique
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00053-00016809-00017159 role at their institutions and I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00054-00017160-00017336 they're going to be bringing a lot to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00055-00017337-00017633 the table for for this this conversation
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00056-00017634-00017840 so why don't we just start with having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00057-00017841-00018104 you all introduce yourselves the role
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00058-00018105-00018404 that you have as well as the institution
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00059-00018405-00018833 that you are with hello my name is Abby
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00060-00018834-00019028 Thompson and I'm finishing up my degree
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00061-00019029-00019222 at Columbia College Chicago and I'm an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00062-00019223-00019400 alumni of Milwaukee reparatory theatres
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00063-00019401-00019838 team council hi my name is Natalie
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00064-00019839-00020044 Hirsch I'm the artistic director of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00065-00020045-00020306 52nd Street project which is located in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00066-00020307-00020497 New York City and it's a after-school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00067-00020498-00020750 arts program for young people and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00068-00020751-00021089 professional artists my name is Viet
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00069-00021090-00021377 Kudo I'm the program manager for old
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00070-00021378-00021785 globe in San Diego hi my name is Rachel
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00071-00021786-00021922 Fink and I'm the executive director of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00072-00021923-00022268 Looking Glass Theatre Company hello my
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00073-00022269-00022481 name is Victoria wrote rista and I am
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00074-00022482-00022672 the director of education and family
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00075-00022673-00023252 programming at Miami theatre Center so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00076-00023253-00023363 something that really excites me about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00077-00023364-00023534 this panel is the variety of roles that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00078-00023535-00023717 each person has as well as the vast
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00079-00023718-00023846 array of programs that we are all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00080-00023847-00024094 involved with one of the questions in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00081-00024095-00024325 the description for this session is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00082-00024326-00024550 around the extent to which youth are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00083-00024551-00024800 being given decision-making powers and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00084-00024801-00025106 involvement at your theaters so Natalie
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00085-00025107-00025268 I'm actually gonna start with you in a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00086-00025269-00025544 52nd Street project I think you've done
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00087-00025545-00025720 some amazing work in creating space for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00088-00025722-00025909 youth to co-create with professional
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00089-00025910-00026095 artists can you speak a bit about that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00090-00026097-00026327 process and how youth are involved
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00091-00026327-00026633 throughout it sure yeah so just a little
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00092-00026633-00026908 background about the 52nd Street project
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00093-00026910-00027080 so we're a non-profit in Hell's Kitchen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00094-00027081-00027395 neighborhood of New York City and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00095-00027395-00027611 provide free programming for young
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00096-00027612-00027956 people ages 9 to 18 and the way every
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00097-00027957-00028073 program works is that it's a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00098-00028074-00028276 collaboration with our young people and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00099-00028277-00028607 professional artists who volunteer their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00100-00028608-00028831 time so to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00101-00028832-00029023 start the all of our programs are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00102-00029024-00029245 collaborative but to start to get a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00103-00029245-00029551 sense of what we do is that our 9 or 10
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00104-00029552-00029739 year olds come in and they take a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00105-00029741-00029923 playmaking class which is essentially
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00106-00029924-00030027 playwriting and teaching them how to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00107-00030029-00030292 write a play and we we teach them the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00108-00030293-00030673 basic structure of a play want conflict
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00109-00030674-00030831 didn't change or the three main
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00110-00030832-00031077 ingredients we teach them and then we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00111-00031079-00031233 have them write an original piece of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00112-00031235-00031473 theater we do not touch content at all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00113-00031474-00031804 we let them take it wherever they want
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00114-00031805-00032044 to take it and each young person is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00115-00032045-00032272 paired with two professional actors and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00116-00032273-00032557 a director and so that one person is one
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00117-00032558-00032695 young person is working with three
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00118-00032695-00032965 professional adult artists to help fully
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00119-00032966-00033094 realize their play and then we fully
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00120-00033095-00033445 produce it in our theater and we take it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00121-00033446-00033670 really really seriously and so yes
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00122-00033671-00033814 they're nine and ten-year-olds writing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00123-00033815-00033955 these plays so there's often you think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00124-00033956-00034132 you know they're writing about monsters
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00125-00034133-00034492 or unicorns but the content is actually
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00126-00034493-00034807 really interesting and I think really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00127-00034808-00034993 important because for example this last
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00128-00034994-00035263 round a young person wrote about a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00129-00035264-00035476 superhero whose dad just died and the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00130-00035477-00035626 only thing he had left was his dad's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00131-00035627-00036067 guitar and this young girl who wrote
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00132-00036068-00036271 this her father had just moved out and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00133-00036272-00036511 he came to the play to the show and just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00134-00036512-00036640 sawed up the whole time and realized
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00135-00036641-00036766 that there is a connection and that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00136-00036767-00036913 their way of expressing themselves
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00137-00036914-00037246 through superheroes so that's kind of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00138-00037247-00037492 the start of how we do everything how we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00139-00037493-00037861 do our programs but the way every other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00140-00037862-00038200 program that we do works is that we are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00141-00038201-00038374 pairing a young person with an adult
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00142-00038375-00038608 professional no matter what so if it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00143-00038609-00038833 our dance program we pair a young person
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00144-00038834-00039064 with an adult artist and we teach them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00145-00039065-00039292 basic movements how to move their body
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00146-00039293-00039619 but then the young person creates or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00147-00039620-00039766 choreographed an original piece of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00148-00039767-00039943 theater that the two of them perform
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00149-00039944-00040168 together so every step of the way the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00150-00040169-00040351 young person has a complete creative say
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00151-00040352-00040669 or creative collaboration with their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00152-00040670-00040828 partner and the partner is not there to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00153-00040829-00040957 teach them it's really just there to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00154-00040958-00041332 support and guide and go on this path
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00155-00041333-00041536 together so that's a little bit about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00156-00041537-00041734 how we try and really make sure that the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00157-00041735-00042139 young person's voice creative voice is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00158-00042140-00042316 in every process even if it's something
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00159-00042317-00042504 new to them like dancing or like writing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00160-00042505-00042724 how long has that structure been in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00161-00042725-00042979 place at your theater the project the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00162-00042980-00043138 52nd project we call it the project
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00163-00043139-00043714 we've been around 38 years but the play
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00164-00043715-00043951 I think the play making program started
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00165-00043952-00044293 about 30 years ago yeah and there's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00166-00044294-00044507 actually a book on the man who created
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00167-00044508-00044794 it as a man named Daniel Judah Sklar and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00168-00044795-00045016 there is a book about play making out
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00169-00045017-00045201 there I think it's called play making
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00170-00045202-00045475 and it teaches you the steps of how to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00171-00045476-00045727 teach them the basics of writing but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00172-00045728-00046096 then also how to balance the structure
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00173-00046097-00046318 of a play but giving them complete
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00174-00046319-00046615 creative freedom or content freedom yeah
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00175-00046616-00046867 that's fantastic do you find that the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00176-00046868-00047155 structure has changed you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00177-00047156-00047436 throughout the years or has it been
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00178-00047437-00047944 adapted at all in recent years I think I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00179-00047945-00048181 don't think the structure has changed I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00180-00048182-00048442 think we are always aware of content
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00181-00048443-00048595 like the one thing that is always a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00182-00048596-00048860 little tricky is making sure again which
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00183-00048861-00049018 I'm sure we'll talk about suit later
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00184-00049019-00049216 today is the safety of the young person
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00185-00049217-00049454 so when they write something that might
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00186-00049455-00050044 feel scary or concerning we make sure we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00187-00050045-00050239 we used to have there's something that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00188-00050240-00050470 related to we often on have a social
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00189-00050471-00050740 worker working with our organization and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00190-00050741-00050973 sometimes it's really useful and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00191-00050974-00051274 sometimes it's we always lose that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00192-00051275-00051568 balance what how much do we support them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00193-00051569-00051883 therapeutically but the one thing I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00194-00051884-00052054 always try and talk to my young person
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00195-00052055-00052252 about when especially lately is that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00196-00052253-00052460 never want a sense or anything they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00197-00052461-00052574 write because I think it's really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00198-00052575-00052699 important for them to feel complete
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00199-00052700-00052886 ownership over it but I always remind
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00200-00052887-00053119 them that this is gonna be performed by
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00201-00053120-00053336 a big big audience it's gonna come to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00202-00053337-00053498 the show and just reminding them how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00203-00053499-00053668 would that how is it can make you feel
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00204-00053669-00053915 when this information is performed to a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00205-00053916-00054166 lot of people so I think content has a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00206-00054167-00054379 bit been a little I think because the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00207-00054380-00054572 time the nine-year-olds feel what's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00208-00054573-00054716 going on in the climate too as much as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00209-00054716-00054967 we do so I think the content has gotten
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00210-00054968-00055216 a little darker maybe and I think we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00211-00055217-00055381 just trying to negotiate and navigate
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00212-00055382-00055470 how to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00213-00055471-00055608 still support them and let them feel
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00214-00055609-00055776 like they have complete agency over the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00215-00055777-00056028 work but not let them ever feel unsafe
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00216-00056029-00056300 when their work is performed on stage
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00217-00056301-00056637 that's great thank you so staying on the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00218-00056638-00056910 artistic creation side Victoria of Miami
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00219-00056911-00057087 Theatre Center also has a program in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00220-00057088-00057219 which youth write and produce their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00221-00057220-00057459 plays correct yes that's correct yeah so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00222-00057460-00057609 can you describe that program that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00223-00057610-00057870 process and how users are engaged from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00224-00057871-00057941 the beginning
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00225-00057942-00058140 yes and I will just start by saying that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00226-00058141-00058446 my first ever job in the United States
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00227-00058447-00058635 New York City was at the 52nd Street
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00228-00058636-00058866 project and that's where I started I was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00229-00058866-00059042 volunteering I wasn't I didn't have my
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00230-00059044-00059196 green card year and I was volunteering
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00231-00059197-00059487 and seeing that program from the inside
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00232-00059488-00059685 out was absolutely incredible and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00233-00059686-00059919 inspiring and I literally took so many
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00234-00059920-00060159 things from that program into the rest
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00235-00060160-00060390 of the positions and jobs that I held so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00236-00060391-00060579 thank you guys for that the model is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00237-00060579-00060729 really incredible and you should all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00238-00060729-00060896 check it out if you have those programs
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00239-00060897-00061191 but yes we have two main programs that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00240-00061191-00061505 we have where decision-making youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00241-00061507-00061655 decision-making is really at the core
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00242-00061657-00061923 and one is during the term time which is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00243-00061924-00062187 a play we play writing residency in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00244-00062188-00062550 schools that is a similar model except
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00245-00062551-00062692 it's a little bit different is that the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00246-00062694-00062883 the kids work with their classroom
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00247-00062884-00063048 teacher and work in groups to write
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00248-00063049-00063237 their own plays but they are performed
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00249-00063238-00063441 by our ensemble of teaching artists on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00250-00063441-00063683 the stage for them and that's in schools
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00251-00063684-00063929 and it's very similar where we give them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00252-00063930-00064158 stimulus to create characters such as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00253-00064159-00064425 images maps letters that sort of thing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00254-00064426-00064707 and then over a six-week session in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00255-00064708-00064829 partnership with their classroom teacher
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00256-00064830-00065121 they write small group plays so that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00257-00065122-00065379 the one element and then a second
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00258-00065379-00065556 program that we have is during our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00259-00065557-00065766 summer program which is our musical
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00260-00065767-00065964 theatre summer camps which are just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00261-00065965-00066114 about to begin next week because our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00262-00066115-00066318 kids finish up this is their last week
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00263-00066319-00066593 of school here in South Florida and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00264-00066594-00066876 again decision-making is at the core of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00265-00066877-00067095 it there are three week sessions and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00266-00067096-00067365 give them a theme and it can be from you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00267-00067366-00067763 know superheroes and then kindness or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00268-00067764-00068019 ancient Greece and bravery and courage
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00269-00068020-00068448 or fairy tale and advocacy change you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00270-00068449-00068586 know whatever the themes are of that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00271-00068587-00068702 year
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00272-00068703-00068984 and and then with their teaching artists
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00273-00068985-00069269 they create character script costumes
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00274-00069270-00069506 set the older groups actually also tech
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00275-00069507-00069794 their own shows as well as operate front
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00276-00069795-00070010 of house so at the end of the three-week
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00277-00070011-00070154 session the family and friends and the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00278-00070155-00070352 local community invited in to see their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00279-00070353-00070580 shows and they are literally operating
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00280-00070581-00070817 every part of the show which is also
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00281-00070818-00071126 incredible and they're the group stay
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00282-00071127-00071306 with there are two teaching artists
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00283-00071307-00071479 there local teaching artists
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00284-00071480-00071780 professional actors and playwrights and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00285-00071781-00072080 dancers from Miami and then during the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00286-00072081-00072311 course of their day while their rating
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00287-00072312-00072494 on they're working on their plays they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00288-00072495-00072740 will also go to specialized master
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00289-00072741-00072959 teachers who will work on the dance
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00290-00072960-00073142 number or work on you know with with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00291-00073143-00073319 their choreographer or they may work on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00292-00073320-00073646 their musical number with a you know a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00293-00073647-00073841 composer so throughout the day it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00294-00073842-00074051 broken off weather constantly working on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00295-00074052-00074201 their play but with different people to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00296-00074202-00074492 get a different view and then I should
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00297-00074493-00074672 just say for our playwriting residency
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00298-00074673-00075038 in schools the head of that residency is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00299-00075039-00075218 local playwright Carmen plays who's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00300-00075219-00075407 going to be I think presenting at one of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00301-00075408-00075626 the panels during this conference she
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00302-00075627-00075899 just had her amazing play produced at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00303-00075900-00076196 Miami new drama here so she's very very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00304-00076197-00076340 well known in the community so we try
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00305-00076341-00076694 and access and you know well we don't we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00306-00076695-00076931 try and access local Miami working
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00307-00076932-00077150 professionals that really are interested
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00308-00077151-00077375 in working with youth and young people
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00309-00077376-00077546 but also making sure that they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00310-00077547-00077741 understand that these these are the kids
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00311-00077742-00077942 they decide what they do you know very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00312-00077943-00078139 similar to what you were saying you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00313-00078140-00078371 sometimes they don't sometimes they've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00314-00078372-00078509 got it in their mind what they want the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00315-00078510-00078682 kids to do and it's gonna be great and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00316-00078683-00078809 we're gonna do this and we're know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00317-00078810-00079121 actually you know if they write if they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00318-00079122-00079292 write a play about a ball of bubblegum
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00319-00079293-00079580 chasing a goat then that that's gonna be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00320-00079581-00079826 the play and they're like what you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00321-00079827-00080063 and but very interesting just talking
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00322-00080064-00080288 about the change we had a group this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00323-00080289-00080504 last season it was part of our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00324-00080505-00080771 playwriting program and the kids were a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00325-00080772-00080957 little bit older but I noticed the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00326-00080958-00081193 change with the climate they wrote about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00327-00081194-00081503 or than the play was about the national
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00328-00081504-00081710 monuments throughout the United States
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00329-00081711-00081913 going missing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00330-00081914-00082369 and the the the trial of the play and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00331-00082370-00082559 the protagonist was the American Eagle
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00332-00082560-00082813 who was very upset with the way that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00333-00082814-00083078 these that things were changing so it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00334-00083079-00083267 just interesting that the you know and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00335-00083268-00083542 this this absolutely came from them so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00336-00083543-00083704 it was just it's interested in how you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00337-00083705-00083848 say you know kids pick up on everything
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00338-00083849-00083986 they hear everything they feel
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00339-00083987-00084124 everything and so we really try and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00340-00084125-00084244 represent that in all of our programs
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00341-00084245-00084503 that's fantastic so how long have those
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00342-00084504-00084746 those program has been in existence then
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00343-00084747-00085016 so Miami Theater Center interesting
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00344-00085017-00085249 enough three seasons ago we went through
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00345-00085250-00085442 a huge transition and we went from a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00346-00085443-00085679 producing house to a presenting house so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00347-00085680-00085886 I was brought in as education director
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00348-00085887-00086123 so we put our main season we present
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00349-00086124-00086575 four to six tya focused theatre
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00350-00086576-00086719 companies or dance companies music
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00351-00086720-00086921 concerts from around the world from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00352-00086922-00087086 around the country and then the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00353-00087087-00087284 education programs everything that we do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00354-00087285-00087515 is related to whatever's on our stage so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00355-00087516-00087682 we'll bring these groups in to see live
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00356-00087683-00087898 performances inspiration or will you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00357-00087899-00088126 know whatever we do will expose them to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00358-00088127-00088340 pieces of visual art whatever it is so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00359-00088341-00088535 those this is our third season running
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00360-00088536-00088879 that program and what was the other part
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00361-00088880-00089230 the question this is this is the third
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00362-00089231-00089441 season our musical theater summer camps
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00363-00089442-00089704 they've been running for nine years our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00364-00089705-00089954 camp director and art Garcia is in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00365-00089955-00090232 absolutely insanely incredibly talented
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00366-00090233-00090466 people know his name they come to work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00367-00090467-00090694 with him in his summer camps and you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00368-00090695-00090880 know and I think one of the main reasons
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00369-00090881-00091115 is it because he gives agency over to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00370-00091116-00091237 the young people and they really do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00371-00091238-00091436 create their own work that's great
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00372-00091437-00091754 that's great so as we've talked about as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00373-00091755-00091954 well already we've seen how the world is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00374-00091955-00092287 seemingly rapidly changing these days as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00375-00092288-00092479 is the role of education and engagement
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00376-00092480-00092719 programming in our theaters vehicon I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00377-00092720-00092874 think you have a really interesting
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00378-00092875-00093538 position you have a really interesting
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00379-00093539-00093901 position where you had a huge transition
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00380-00093902-00094316 at the Old Globe from almost not just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00381-00094317-00094555 mentioning the education programming but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00382-00094556-00094784 the department transitioned more into
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00383-00094785-00094991 the engagement side and overseeing that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00384-00094992-00095228 can you talk a bit about that transition
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00385-00095229-00095479 and how did that impact the education
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00386-00095480-00095806 program in itself and were you a part of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00387-00095807-00095982 that dialogue at all or how did that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00388-00095983-00096296 become part of that influence yes thank
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00389-00096297-00096472 you so early I forgot to mention that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00390-00096473-00096649 I'm part of the arts engagement
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00391-00096650-00096886 department and it's a fairly new
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00392-00096887-00097036 department I'd say three to four years
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00393-00097037-00097222 old and prior to that we were the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00394-00097223-00097465 Education Department and so I think the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00395-00097466-00097603 main difference between that is the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00396-00097604-00097784 interactiveness with the community
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00397-00097785-00097972 before we were providing a lot of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00398-00097973-00098122 educational programming and we were
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00399-00098123-00098406 probably providing a lot of one way type
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00400-00098407-00098587 programs like the student matinee
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00401-00098588-00098716 programs where we bring the students
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00402-00098717-00098986 onto our campus and we also had a studio
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00403-00098987-00099235 program where we would bring an ensemble
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00404-00099236-00099661 cast of students in about 32 to be part
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00405-00099662-00099815 of a production and act on our stages
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00406-00099816-00100038 well we've kind of transitioned into
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00407-00100039-00100375 making it more studio for example a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00408-00100376-00100585 devise piece where the students kind of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00409-00100586-00100715 have a collaboration between the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00410-00100716-00100900 Shakespeare's work and then putting in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00411-00100901-00101128 and inserting their reflections and that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00412-00101129-00101392 becomes the piece itself and so it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00413-00101393-00101615 really a way to give them a platform and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00414-00101616-00101752 we literally give them a platform a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00415-00101753-00102025 stage to provide their creative pieces
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00416-00102026-00102232 and it's really empowering to them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00417-00102233-00102478 because it's no longer us dictating and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00418-00102479-00102797 directing a play it's them curating it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00419-00102798-00102952 themselves and yes we do bring
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00420-00102953-00103165 professionals in such as fight
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00421-00103166-00103354 choreographers and music directors and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00422-00103355-00103660 movement directors and such to make it a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00423-00103661-00103847 more professional piece but really it is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00424-00103848-00104026 theirs we also have another program
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00425-00104027-00104311 where it is school in the park and what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00426-00104312-00104464 that is is when the students come in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00427-00104465-00104650 they also interact with Shakespeare
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00428-00104651-00104860 something that we do they also interact
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00429-00104861-00105083 with a Shakespeare piece but they also
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00430-00105083-00105248 are given components on how to write
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00431-00105249-00105400 their own poems how to write their own
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00432-00105401-00105610 pieces and then they share it we call it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00433-00105611-00105875 peer to peer sharing and for them to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00434-00105876-00106063 provide these vulnerable pieces in front
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00435-00106064-00106261 of their peers is just really empowering
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00436-00106262-00106585 because they might be really quieted in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00437-00106586-00106789 the in the classroom and then once they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00438-00106790-00107048 get to our space they feel they have a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00439-00107049-00107368 safe space to be more themselves and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00440-00107369-00107597 that's a really beautiful thing to watch
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00441-00107598-00107822 unfold and so with the Education
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00442-00107823-00107999 Department we still provide some kind of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00443-00108000-00108170 educational programming but now we've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00444-00108171-00108458 grown very quickly I might add to having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00445-00108458-00108616 20 plus programs
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00446-00108617-00108857 that spanned from community engagement
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00447-00108858-00108958 where we're out in the community
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00448-00108959-00109163 providing playwriting classes to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00449-00109164-00109435 multi-generational communities to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00450-00109436-00109684 bringing more and more students onto the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00451-00109685-00109982 campus for programs and working more
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00452-00109983-00110266 with Volunteers of all ages that's great
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00453-00110267-00110533 so you also talked on our call about a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00454-00110534-00110683 program that you do with incarcerated
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00455-00110684-00110870 youth is that correct so we have a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00456-00110871-00111026 program called reflecting Shakespeare
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00457-00111027-00111395 which is now going to be in Donovan and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00458-00111396-00111684 also we are currently in Centinela
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00459-00111685-00112070 federal prison and so we provide the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00460-00112071-00112510 inmates a space to also be in the play
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00461-00112511-00112708 but also put their reflections and also
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00462-00112709-00112888 something that we've brought into studio
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00463-00112889-00113203 and so right now we're definitely trying
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00464-00113204-00113536 to promote that amongst the youth who
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00465-00113538-00113744 are incarcerated in San Diego and giving
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00466-00113745-00113993 them that space and growing that program
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00467-00113994-00114245 it's still in its early stages of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00468-00114246-00114452 planning but that's the goal that we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00469-00114453-00114758 have and we're slowly expanding we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00470-00114758-00114964 started with just a handful I say three
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00471-00114965-00115094 people when we were the Education
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00472-00115095-00115270 Department and now we've grown to a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00473-00115271-00115615 staff of 10 plus 20 teaching artists and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00474-00115616-00115931 a marketing person who helps split her
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00475-00115932-00116093 time between the PR and marketing as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00476-00116094-00116348 side of it and then us and so we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00477-00116349-00116546 really trying to create a sustainable
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00478-00116547-00116813 program and grow and I was at a rate
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00479-00116814-00116953 where the development can keep up with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00480-00116954-00117085 us but also still provide free
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00481-00117086-00117251 programming for everybody and so it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00482-00117252-00117500 kind of a chicken and egg kind of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00483-00117501-00117656 situation but we want to keep that going
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00484-00117657-00117875 and we don't want to cut programs and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00485-00117876-00118070 figure out where we can trim the fat we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00486-00118071-00118214 kind of want to figure out how we can
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00487-00118215-00118366 keep everything all the good work that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00488-00118367-00119018 we've been doing going so transitioning
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00489-00119019-00119209 over to a bit of team councils and I'm
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00490-00119210-00119438 gonna go to you next Rachel here they've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00491-00119439-00119641 become more more popular as a way to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00492-00119642-00119996 bring youth voice into the theatre
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00493-00119997-00120257 we actually have 12 teenagers across
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00494-00120258-00120385 four different theaters that will be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00495-00120386-00120563 joining us for the conference tomorrow
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00496-00120564-00120731 so and a lot of them are coming in right
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00497-00120732-00121003 now I just got a text a few minutes ago
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00498-00121004-00121186 from what the picture of my teens at the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00499-00121188-00121447 airport
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00500-00121448-00121819 but Rachel your design of the program
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00501-00121820-00122088 when you were formerly at Berklee rap
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00502-00122089-00122401 has really been an inspiration to many
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00503-00122402-00122590 people who have designed these programs
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00504-00122591-00122800 across our theaters and it was a model
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00505-00122801-00123025 of us that we were all inspired by since
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00506-00123026-00123256 then Rachel has transitioned into
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00507-00123257-00123418 executive leadership and is now at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00508-00123419-00123667 Looking Glass I would love to hear from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00509-00123668-00124003 you about that role shift from you from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00510-00124004-00124255 education into executive leadership and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00511-00124256-00124543 how that value of youth voice has
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00512-00124544-00124920 carried over into a very different role
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00513-00124921-00125146 first of all thank you so much for that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00514-00125147-00125310 that's so sweet
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00515-00125311-00125641 teen council was something that was and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00516-00125642-00125896 is near and dear to my heart so I was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00517-00125897-00126084 very sweet of you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00518-00126085-00126358 you know when I started I was at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00519-00126358-00126595 Berkeley rep I started in 2000 we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00520-00126596-00126856 started the team council
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00521-00126857-00127219 oh is it join in 2001-2002 you yeah so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00522-00127220-00127635 Lake and and what I'll say is that when
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00523-00127636-00127849 we started then it was not that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00524-00127850-00128004 different from what I'm experiencing now
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00525-00128005-00128160 going to a whole new institution because
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00526-00128161-00128619 so much of it is about creating a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00527-00128620-00128910 culture that embraces youth and youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00528-00128911-00129193 voice so well like there is there's the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00529-00129194-00129343 piece of it that all everyone on the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00530-00129344-00129475 panel is talking about in terms of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00531-00129476-00129693 creating these really dynamic engaging
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00532-00129694-00130081 programming that fits the needs of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00533-00130082-00130300 youth as well as the community there's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00534-00130301-00130653 also the the structure that it fits
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00535-00130654-00130918 within and so I remember starting at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00536-00130919-00131053 Berkeley rep and it was at a time when
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00537-00131054-00131178 we were building a new theater and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00538-00131179-00131347 everyone was terrified about having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00539-00131348-00131551 teenagers come in and they're gonna rip
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00540-00131552-00131758 up the seats and oh my god they're gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00541-00131759-00132066 spray-paint the bathrooms and so like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00542-00132067-00132411 there was a I'm not kidding
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00543-00132412-00132928 there there was a long process in terms
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00544-00132929-00133447 of creating space building trust kind of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00545-00133448-00133578 saying you know what tough this is what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00546-00133579-00133750 this program needs to be and we're just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00547-00133751-00133939 gonna show you that it's gonna be okay
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00548-00133940-00134047 and we can trust these kids because
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00549-00134048-00134518 they're amazing and that really took
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00550-00134519-00134902 time and effort and love and care from a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00551-00134903-00135247 whole variety of stakeholders and to the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00552-00135248-00135520 extent I was had right before the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00553-00135521-00135649 beginning of the session talking to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00554-00135650-00135808 Rachel Howe who's now the director
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00555-00135809-00135973 Berkeley up and she was telling me how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00556-00135974-00136315 the artistic director was talking to the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00557-00136316-00136528 the current artistic director was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00558-00136529-00136837 talking to the kids recently and saying
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00559-00136838-00137299 how much a part of the culture of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00560-00137300-00137503 Berkeley rep is the teen council and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00561-00137504-00137737 it's about having a full integration
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00562-00137738-00138129 across the organization so so that I had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00563-00138130-00138420 that experience it was in my body and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00564-00138421-00138840 I'm but wanting to have a change in my
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00565-00138841-00139084 own career and wanting to run a company
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00566-00139085-00139215 in working collaboration with artists
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00567-00139216-00139603 moved to Looking Glass which had a and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00568-00139604-00139810 has a long tradition of working with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00569-00139811-00139992 youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00570-00139993-00140241 but in a I would say a more traditional
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00571-00140242-00140517 sense in terms of having resident
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00572-00140518-00140631 teaching artists going out into the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00573-00140632-00141078 classroom and that has been celebrated
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00574-00141079-00141416 but not a fully integrated space for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00575-00141417-00141633 teenagers and I was like oh I remember
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00576-00141634-00142035 this like oh right like I you know the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00577-00142036-00142251 thought of well where the teens where
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00578-00142252-00142518 are we having where is their voice how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00579-00142519-00142791 are we both training and mentoring the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00580-00142792-00142986 next generation as the same time as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00581-00142987-00143133 we're doing the work because something
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00582-00143134-00143358 that I learned from the years of doing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00583-00143359-00143619 teen councils that actually and I found
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00584-00143620-00143733 this in a type of mentoring it makes me
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00585-00143734-00143892 better at my job because if you're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00586-00143893-00144165 constantly being questioned of why to do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00587-00144166-00144303 something you can't take it for granted
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00588-00144304-00144714 and you're challenged to always rethink
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00589-00144715-00144858 and requestion the choices that you're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00590-00144859-00145065 making and so it's something that I also
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00591-00145066-00145467 embraced in my leadership so you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00592-00145468-00145710 we're at the beginning stages now of a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00593-00145711-00146030 lookingglass of figuring out what is the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00594-00146031-00146319 equivalent of really integrated youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00595-00146320-00146565 voice into the organization there's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00596-00146566-00146715 definitely space where they're creating
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00597-00146716-00146865 work kind of similar to what other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00598-00146866-00147183 people have talked about but you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00599-00147184-00147300 our challenge and this is a new
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00600-00147301-00147888 challenge for me is is while we love our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00601-00147889-00148086 space we're very grateful for our space
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00602-00148087-00148539 we're in a public utility we're in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00603-00148540-00148767 water pumping station on Michigan Avenue
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00604-00148768-00149070 which has a lot of baggage attached to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00605-00149071-00149772 it we are in one of the most affluent
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00606-00149773-00150165 areas of Chicago it is a a high-end
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00607-00150166-00150483 shopping district and our building looks
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00608-00150484-00150678 like a castle it literally like you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00609-00150679-00150834 could it looks like I need a moat around
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00610-00150835-00151119 it so if you're thinking about trying to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00611-00151120-00151455 create a welcoming space and a space
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00612-00151456-00151737 where youth and teens have ownership and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00613-00151738-00151875 a voice which is what all of this is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00614-00151876-00152130 about it is a space that is screaming
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00615-00152131-00152493 the exact opposite and you know then we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00616-00152494-00152802 are dealing with the politics of Chicago
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00617-00152803-00153318 and we're in a space where we regularly
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00618-00153319-00153528 get updates for the Michigan mile
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00619-00153529-00153801 association are from our landlords of Oh
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00620-00153802-00153978 be careful there's a group of teenagers
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00621-00153979-00154272 who are coming on public transportation
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00622-00154273-00154464 and gonna be on mag mouths so watch out
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00623-00154465-00154914 so as yeah so as staff we're having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00624-00154915-00155028 conversations well we don't feel
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00625-00155029-00155166 uncomfortable a bit about that so what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00626-00155167-00155352 are we gonna do how are we gonna make
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00627-00155353-00155757 this space be a place where teens can
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00628-00155758-00156015 feel like they can be themselves that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00629-00156016-00156249 they can engage with art where it is a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00630-00156250-00156501 place where they belong where you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00631-00156502-00156636 they may be different than the person
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00632-00156637-00156840 sitting next to him next to them and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00633-00156841-00157182 that is okay and so in some ways it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00634-00157183-00157560 really interesting because I did not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00635-00157561-00157842 fully appreciate and it sounds stupid to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00636-00157843-00157953 say it out loud but I'll still say it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00637-00157954-00158202 the amount of power and privilege that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00638-00158203-00158493 had as an executive director going into
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00639-00158494-00158715 the space to say oh but no we're gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00640-00158716-00158853 really change this this is really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00641-00158854-00159375 different and and abused to being in a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00642-00159376-00159618 space where you had to build so much
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00643-00159619-00159939 buy-in and you had to do that work and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00644-00159940-00160098 knowing that that's certainly important
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00645-00160099-00160326 because you know I want people to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00646-00160327-00160512 actually do something because they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00647-00160513-00160734 believe it's important not because the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00648-00160735-00160914 boss told them to but that there is a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00649-00160915-00161211 little there is a certain amount of no
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00650-00161212-00161361 I'm just gonna rip off the band-aid and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00651-00161362-00161460 we're gonna make sure that we're gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00652-00161461-00161640 say that this is okay and figure out the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00653-00161641-00161757 steps of doing it and yeah there's gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00654-00161758-00162039 be parts that are messy and we'll learn
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00655-00162040-00162213 from that and we'll have our eyes wide
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00656-00162214-00162398 open and we'll keep on talking about it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00657-00162399-00162747 but that that is been like one of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00658-00162748-00162936 one of the big transitions and change so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00659-00162937-00163065 I will say that you know I've been at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00660-00163066-00163299 Looking Glass for a year so we are in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00661-00163300-00163740 the beginnings of it but it's something
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00662-00163741-00163956 that is exciting and I think incredibly
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00663-00163957-00164261 incredibly important both for youth work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00664-00164262-00164484 but also just for the health vitality
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00665-00164485-00164735 and sustainability of the organization
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00666-00164736-00165147 thank you and of course what would a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00667-00165148-00165357 panel on youth voice would be without a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00668-00165358-00165726 young adult at the table so I first met
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00669-00165727-00165906 Abby when she
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00670-00165907-00166127 tended one of our teen councils teen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00671-00166128-00166335 nights I think before you were even in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00672-00166336-00167054 high school and she very quickly got
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00673-00167055-00167484 involved with our programming she became
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00674-00167485-00167774 an intern at Milwaukee Repertory Theatre
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00675-00167775-00168077 she became our teen council president
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00676-00168078-00168341 she was also highly involved with all of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00677-00168342-00168641 the other theaters in town as well so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00678-00168642-00168866 she was a very very busy youth and she
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00679-00168867-00169110 remains busy in her college years right
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00680-00169111-00169478 now and is involved in multiple theaters
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00681-00169479-00169818 still she also attended TCG in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00682-00169819-00170094 Washington DC as a member of teen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00683-00170095-00170402 council so it's really exciting to have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00684-00170403-00170631 her on this panel and one of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00685-00170632-00170801 questions that I have that I'd love to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00686-00170802-00171014 hear from you because you've continued
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00687-00171015-00171203 your involvement in various theatre
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00688-00171204-00171411 companies not just with Milwaukee rep of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00689-00171412-00172031 course you know how how do you feel that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00690-00172032-00172451 your experiences as a youth where do you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00691-00172452-00172739 feel that your voice was included in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00692-00172740-00172940 decision-making process at any of these
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00693-00172941-00173184 theaters and how does it inform you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00694-00173185-00173445 today yeah well something that was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00695-00173446-00173598 really unique about Milwaukee rep that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00696-00173599-00173748 was just speaking to via come out this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00697-00173749-00173973 morning is the transition between like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00698-00173974-00174195 doing children's theatre and adulthood
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00699-00174196-00174389 like the rep definitely specifically
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00700-00174390-00174614 really was there and that in-between a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00701-00174615-00174779 stage when I was looking at colleges
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00702-00174780-00174933 when I was prepping my resume when I was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00703-00174934-00175119 learning about the adult world
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00704-00175120-00175281 so teen councils specifically I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00705-00175282-00175548 really not only empowered my voice and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00706-00175549-00175727 gave me the chance to be able to learn
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00707-00175728-00175893 about all these things and and have a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00708-00175894-00176066 voice in these things but really prepped
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00709-00176067-00176274 me for that adult world and prepped me
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00710-00176275-00176540 for college in so many ways in some ways
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00711-00176541-00176663 that was even more than my high school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00712-00176664-00176852 did and I went to an arts high school so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00713-00176853-00177077 I was getting like double-dipping but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00714-00177078-00177275 something that teen council specifically
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00715-00177276-00177440 did for me was really like the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00716-00177441-00177546 administrative side and the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00717-00177547-00177689 behind-the-scenes and learning about the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00718-00177690-00177909 Education Department and vehic and I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00719-00177910-00178035 were talking I'm also a teaching artist
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00720-00178036-00178245 in Chicago and in Milwaukee and for the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00721-00178246-00178533 rep and so and something I didn't even
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00722-00178534-00178686 know that teaching artistry was a thing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00723-00178687-00178824 or what that was or what an education
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00724-00178825-00179085 department was and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00725-00179086-00179274 until I really joined the teen council
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00726-00179275-00179388 and really got to see that side of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00727-00179389-00179541 things I grew up doing professional
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00728-00179542-00179784 children's theatre I grew up doing shows
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00729-00179785-00180069 at church and at school and but seeing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00730-00180070-00180237 that education side of things and I used
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00731-00180238-00180363 to joke that like I kind of had like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00732-00180364-00180519 resistance education because I have a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00733-00180520-00180741 lot of professors in my family and my
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00734-00180742-00180852 dad's a professor in my gran was a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00735-00180853-00181044 professor and so I kind of joked I loved
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00736-00181045-00181257 working with kids but I knew I didn't
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00737-00181258-00181377 want to be like a traditional classroom
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00738-00181378-00181548 teacher but I loved working with kids
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00739-00181549-00181689 and I was constantly finding myself
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00740-00181690-00181899 doing it since a young age so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00741-00181900-00182070 discovering that theatres have an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00742-00182071-00182204 Education Department was a brand-new
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00743-00182205-00182441 concept to me that I'd been around my
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00744-00182442-00182604 entire life but I'd never seen the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00745-00182605-00182775 inside workings like I teaching artists
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00746-00182776-00182961 come to my school when I was younger and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00747-00182962-00183123 I don't think I even fully realized what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00748-00183124-00183264 that was or what they were doing for me
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00749-00183265-00183387 that that was a career and something
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00750-00183388-00183639 that I could go into more so that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00751-00183640-00183816 something that the rep in particular
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00752-00183817-00183990 really exposed me to that an arts
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00753-00183991-00184410 advocacy which TCG was the first them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00754-00184411-00184641 taking me to TCG we also went to a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00755-00184642-00184821 conference in Madison Wisconsin in their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00756-00184822-00185033 capital and did some arts advocacy there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00757-00185034-00185322 so that whole world was open to me that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00758-00185323-00185478 I didn't even know existed or that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00759-00185479-00185661 kind of had snippets of but really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00760-00185662-00185844 connecting the dots and helping with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00761-00185845-00186177 that transition between being a child
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00762-00186178-00186564 and children's leader to adulthood so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00763-00186565-00186984 yeah so from your experiences with with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00764-00186985-00187191 each of these theatres as well what do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00765-00187192-00187629 you think theaters could even do more of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00766-00187630-00188031 in terms of youth voice and in in terms
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00767-00188032-00188304 of like program design not just again we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00768-00188305-00188589 heard a lot about how youth are involved
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00769-00188590-00188811 and their voices are heard within
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00770-00188812-00189108 specific programs but how about that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00771-00189109-00189306 development of those programs where do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00772-00189307-00189636 you feel that that those voices could be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00773-00189637-00189921 really beneficial yeah something I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00774-00189922-00190050 is super beneficial that I had the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00775-00190051-00190358 privilege of having kind of I guess
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00776-00190359-00190536 informally but I think could be done
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00777-00190537-00190668 more formally is the idea of mentorship
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00778-00190669-00190827 I think I had kind of a natural
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00779-00190828-00190983 mentorship through the rep and I just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00780-00190984-00191204 kind of naturally was at that point in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00781-00191205-00191385 time and as someone who's always like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00782-00191386-00191652 seeking and and following and wanting to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00783-00191653-00191808 learn things so I think that was very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00784-00191809-00191952 informal but I think having a more
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00785-00191953-00192165 formal structure of mentorship not only
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00786-00192166-00192259 just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00787-00192260-00192504 professional to student or to youth but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00788-00192505-00192784 youth on youth and peer-on-peer and the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00789-00192785-00193024 former president of teen council right
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00790-00193025-00193186 after me her and I still remained
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00791-00193187-00193294 friends this day and we were talking
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00792-00193295-00193395 about this having this conversation
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00793-00193396-00193636 about really that importance of having a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00794-00193637-00193825 mentor that's a similar age in you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00795-00193826-00193975 that's only a few years older than you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00796-00193976-00194149 because they're those next steps they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00797-00194150-00194284 the people that are gonna be there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00798-00194285-00194502 are the people that have just been where
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00799-00194503-00194678 you are right now and where you're going
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00800-00194679-00194959 so having that those different levels of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00801-00194960-00195133 mentorship not only professional to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00802-00195134-00195439 youth but really just having having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00803-00195440-00195607 interns maybe working with the interns
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00804-00195608-00195789 and that's something that again I kind
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00805-00195790-00195919 of I think our teen counsel has been
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00806-00195920-00196114 acquiring and we kind of acquired
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00807-00196115-00196264 informally because we were so excited
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00808-00196265-00196432 like all the interns they're in college
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00809-00196433-00196594 or they're fresh out of college we want
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00810-00196595-00196708 to know what they're doing and ask them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00811-00196709-00196900 questions but having in place more
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00812-00196901-00197161 structures like more panels more meet
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00813-00197162-00197478 and greets and interviews shadowing I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00814-00197479-00197652 think shadowing is super important again
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00815-00197653-00197802 something that I did kind of informally
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00816-00197803-00197938 throughout the years through interning
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00817-00197939-00198163 and just asking questions but having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00818-00198164-00198325 more of a structure and more of an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00819-00198326-00198475 openness so that teens know that's an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00820-00198476-00198706 option and youth know oh I really want
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00821-00198707-00198777 to try this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00822-00198778-00198943 like when I intern for the rep I'd never
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00823-00198944-00199227 done sound before and my internship was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00824-00199228-00199377 more education and administrative base
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00825-00199378-00199513 but I think at one point I just said
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00826-00199514-00199657 like Jenni I really want to run sound
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00827-00199658-00199888 I've never done it and then the next
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00828-00199889-00200004 thing I know I was in the booth learning
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00829-00200005-00200359 how to run sound so and that's and I'm
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00830-00200360-00200533 primarily an actor so that was totally
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00831-00200534-00200734 new territory for me but really just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00832-00200735-00200914 making that known that that's an option
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00833-00200915-00201102 and having more of a structure in place
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00834-00201103-00201460 to do shadowing to ask questions to do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00835-00201461-00201666 resume prep against something informal
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00836-00201667-00201862 that was done by a lot of my mentors at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00837-00201863-00202012 the rapp were having them look at my
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00838-00202013-00202183 resume and give me feedback having them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00839-00202184-00202414 help me with interviews having them help
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00840-00202415-00202660 me search for opportunities for future
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00841-00202661-00202825 summers so that I could have the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00842-00202826-00202945 opportunity to go to other theatre
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00843-00202946-00203143 companies an intern and dip my toe in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00844-00203144-00203368 the water in different fields and just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00845-00203369-00203527 showing me where those resources are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00846-00203528-00203853 taking me to TCG prepping us for the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00847-00203854-00204013 conference before we even went talking
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00848-00204014-00204193 about the sessions and what we're gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00849-00204194-00204385 experience and goals that we have in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00850-00204386-00204625 mind so all of these things kind of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00851-00204626-00204753 happened I feel like for me pretty
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00852-00204754-00204885 informally but having more of a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00853-00204886-00205096 structure of that mentorship and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00854-00205096-00205434 shadowing it's really important great
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00855-00205435-00205788 so turning it back to this idea again of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00856-00205789-00206121 youth voice within our programs I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00857-00206121-00206369 thought there was an interesting a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00858-00206369-00206577 question that I keep coming back to this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00859-00206578-00206867 where do we begin this process where do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00860-00206869-00207132 we when do we invite youth to the table
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00861-00207133-00207540 so I know after that TCG conference in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00862-00207541-00207702 Chicago where the first time that the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00863-00207703-00207816 teens were all there where we all went
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00864-00207817-00208059 oh we all need this at our theaters you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00865-00208060-00208278 know that ended up being a like how do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00866-00208279-00208469 we start this how do we begin this right
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00867-00208471-00208635 and we haven't do a summer program at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00868-00208636-00208821 the time and we invited those youth from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00869-00208821-00208956 that summer program it said hey there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00870-00208957-00209133 was this thing that we learned about how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00871-00209134-00209310 do we shape this how do you want this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00872-00209311-00209628 shaped and even recently like after you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00873-00209629-00209898 know Abbie graduated to out of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00874-00209898-00210096 program we have a whole new group of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00875-00210096-00210261 teens that have looked at all the plans
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00876-00210262-00210378 that these teens went through and they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00877-00210379-00210558 went yeah we're not actually interested
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00878-00210559-00210951 in this stuff like what what's really so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00879-00210952-00211104 like these are the things that we really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00880-00211105-00211251 want these are the things that would
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00881-00211252-00211482 actually help us so I thought that was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00882-00211483-00211758 fascinating to of I whoa so the years of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00883-00211759-00212025 building these programs with youth once
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00884-00212026-00212235 we get new voices in they need to shift
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00885-00212236-00212415 and having that flexibility to be able
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00886-00212416-00212669 to do that we also have an after-school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00887-00212671-00212889 program that has been very youth centric
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00888-00212890-00213192 and around community engaged work with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00889-00213192-00213408 youth in relationship to our productions
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00890-00213409-00213548 as well as the neighborhoods in which
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00891-00213550-00213879 these programs are occurring and it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00892-00213880-00214101 been floundering it's been we've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00893-00214102-00214356 struggled with attendance with retention
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00894-00214357-00214563 with getting the youth to stay and now
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00895-00214564-00214698 granted most of our programs are for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00896-00214698-00214869 teenagers so that's really difficult to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00897-00214869-00215130 get teenagers to stay after school when
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00898-00215131-00215217 they have so many different
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00899-00215217-00215466 responsibilities so we have youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00900-00215467-00215631 leaders that we've hired now as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00901-00215632-00215862 part-time employees of The Wrap and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00902-00215863-00216113 have them giving us information and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00903-00216114-00216453 helping with you know just surveying
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00904-00216454-00216603 their peers and talking to them about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00905-00216604-00216807 how do we make sure that this program is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00906-00216808-00216984 sustainable and we've actually come to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00907-00216985-00217196 the decision that is just not you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00908-00217198-00217308 that we're gonna have to cancel this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00909-00217309-00217638 program so we've we've been doing this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00910-00217639-00217836 program but in these conversations we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00911-00217837-00217971 knew that we needed to replace it with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00912-00217971-00218223 something informed by what those youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00913-00218223-00218439 were saying at the time we were doing a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00914-00218440-00218598 lot of research on August Wilson
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00915-00218598-00218771 monologue competition
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00916-00218773-00219078 and we were able to apply for that with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00917-00219079-00219408 their voices at that table and that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00918-00219409-00219528 the reason why we've applied for that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00919-00219529-00219669 shadow year we're starting that shadow
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00920-00219669-00219864 year next year so it's going to be huge
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00921-00219865-00220065 learning process there but even with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00922-00220066-00220266 what are we doing in that shadow year
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00923-00220267-00220503 what is the programming elements we've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00924-00220504-00220641 have the youth leaders from those
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00925-00220642-00220806 after-school programs as well as from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00926-00220807-00221004 our teen council who are at that table
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00927-00221005-00221298 with youth serving organizations that we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00928-00221298-00221550 would be partnering with and schools and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00929-00221551-00221826 teachers to be able to say okay what is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00930-00221827-00222048 it that we want to do and what is it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00931-00222048-00222221 that's going to best serve the youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00932-00222223-00222465 today and knowing that in two years
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00933-00222466-00222596 those youth are going to graduate and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00934-00222598-00222777 we're going to be at that table again
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00935-00222778-00223044 asking those same questions of what is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00936-00223044-00223517 it going to be this year now so that was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00937-00223519-00223725 a really long introduction into that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00938-00223726-00224034 original question of when do you thumb
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00939-00224035-00224292 involved in that process you know how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00940-00224292-00224534 how do they influence the program design
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00941-00224535-00225042 not just the content of a program and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00942-00225042-00225748 that's for all of you so I'll speak so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00943-00225750-00225984 it's something I think about all the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00944-00225985-00226230 time and I just grapple with all the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00945-00226231-00226539 time so I've been at the 52nd Street
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00946-00226540-00226721 project for five years and I've been
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00947-00226723-00226941 artistic director two years and this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00948-00226942-00227151 organization has been around for 30 plus
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00949-00227152-00227492 years and so one of our programs is our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00950-00227494-00227664 teen ensemble which is a two-year
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00951-00227665-00228108 program when our teens can they opt to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00952-00228109-00228303 be part of it or not it's totally their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00953-00228304-00228698 choice and you start around if you're a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00954-00228700-00228848 sophomore junior or anyone who's a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00955-00228850-00229071 member will is invited to join the teen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00956-00229071-00229334 Ensemble and so the history of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00957-00229335-00229629 project the second year of the teen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00958-00229630-00229881 Ensemble was always a bridge shake
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00959-00229882-00230088 Shakespeare show so they would put on a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00960-00230089-00230256 90 minute Shakespeare show and make it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00961-00230257-00230714 contemporary and and so for my first two
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00962-00230715-00231042 rounds of the teen ensemble that's what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00963-00231042-00231105 we did
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00964-00231106-00231480 and it wasn't working and it was really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00965-00231481-00231969 really hard and because at while I'm not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00966-00231969-00232116 knocking Shakespeare at all I love
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00967-00232117-00232582 him not knocking him but it just wasn't
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00968-00232583-00232856 it wasn't it wasn't working for our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00969-00232857-00233028 teens and I was like what what's going
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00970-00233029-00233250 on here and I had to reflect on it and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00971-00233251-00233562 think that so are all of our programming
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00972-00233563-00233721 while we it's all theater based we are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00973-00233721-00234053 not we're not here to produce or make
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00974-00234054-00234317 actors these are the theaters that they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00975-00234319-00234528 are for other skills to build their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00976-00234529-00234675 self-esteem and there's a sense of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00977-00234676-00235041 self-worth and community and their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00978-00235042-00235178 creativity but we're not here to make
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00979-00235179-00235823 actors so this last round of teens we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00980-00235825-00236040 did the program before that is our what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00981-00236041-00236241 we call our two on twos where the teens
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00982-00236242-00236423 we put them into groups about two or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00983-00236425-00236660 three or four and a playwright comes and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00984-00236661-00236780 meets with our teens and gets to know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00985-00236781-00236916 them and the writes original piece of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00986-00236917-00237080 theatre short original piece of theater
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00987-00237081-00237348 for them and this round of those plays
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00988-00237348-00237567 were very personal to our teens and they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00989-00237567-00237690 were so excited because they were
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00990-00237691-00238038 political and each team like we really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00991-00238039-00238173 related to the character in a way that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00992-00238173-00238592 often our plays are very abstract and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00993-00238594-00238781 not as connected to them and so they we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00994-00238782-00239016 witnessed them loving the fact that they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00995-00239017-00239391 were playing things that were close to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00996-00239392-00239652 their hearts so I for the first time had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00997-00239653-00239802 to step out with my associate artistic
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00998-00239803-00239948 director and we were like we're not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-00999-00239950-00240138 doing Shakespeare next year we're gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01000-00240139-00240308 devise an original piece of theatre
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01001-00240309-00240581 based on their what they're interested
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01002-00240582-00240765 in and it was really scary to have to do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01003-00240766-00240921 that shift because here I am the new
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01004-00240921-00241109 artistic director with this history
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01005-00241110-00241365 which I really respect and value and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01006-00241366-00241517 I asked my colleagues who had been there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01007-00241519-00241752 longer why do we do Shakespeare why why
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01008-00241753-00241953 is this what we do for their second year
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01009-00241954-00242298 and the main request answer was that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01010-00242298-00242510 what we've always done and and then I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01011-00242511-00242729 was like okay this is gonna be scary but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01012-00242730-00242825 we're gonna do something completely
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01013-00242826-00243209 different and based on what we watched
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01014-00243210-00243450 happen with our teens and so here we are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01015-00243451-00243765 it's June 4th we have a show in our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01016-00243766-00243987 original devised piece of theatre that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01017-00243988-00244157 we'll do for the first time is happening
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01018-00244158-00244521 in two three weeks and we're all scared
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01019-00244521-00244800 and we're all really excited but it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01020-00244801-00245067 also the first time that I've seen this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01021-00245067-00245234 is my third round of teen ensemble and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01022-00245235-00245276 I've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01023-00245277-00245548 the young people show up so often
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01024-00245548-00245792 they're not as flaky is thy mean teens
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01025-00245792-00246050 are always gonna be a little flaky but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01026-00246051-00246239 they're not as flaky as they used to be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01027-00246240-00246380 they're way more responsible and we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01028-00246381-00246542 holding them accountable like we can't
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01029-00246542-00246742 do this piece if you're not in the if
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01030-00246744-00246881 you're not in rehearsal we can't finish
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01031-00246882-00247052 this because we need your work not just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01032-00247053-00247202 your body but your words and your
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01033-00247203-00247519 thoughts and your ideas so I've never
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01034-00247521-00247817 seen so many of them return every every
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01035-00247817-00248114 class and be really more on it and and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01036-00248115-00248276 communicate when they're not going to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01037-00248277-00248494 show up and it's usually for like prom
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01038-00248496-00248936 or I have to take this exam so it's it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01039-00248937-00249110 it's a hard transition especially with a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01040-00249111-00249419 long-standing organization but to try
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01041-00249419-00249581 and really listen and I'm now like how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01042-00249582-00249683 am I gonna do it with every other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01043-00249684-00249827 program I gotta reflect on every single
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01044-00249828-00249980 through program and bring them at the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01045-00249981-00250148 end of each program bring them back and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01046-00250148-00250319 be like what worked for you what didn't
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01047-00250319-00250559 work for you okay but it's it's an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01048-00250560-00250838 ongoing battle and struggle and it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01049-00250839-00251464 also really exciting too so something
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01050-00251465-00251879 that I think comes from the teens
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01051-00251880-00252158 there's a story of show that we did a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01052-00252159-00252392 little bit ago where we're talking about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01053-00252392-00252626 the first female astronauts and one of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01054-00252627-00252908 the artists children were watching it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01055-00252909-00253069 and they were little girls and they did
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01056-00253071-00253286 not understand why sexism existed they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01057-00253287-00253391 didn't understand why there was this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01058-00253392-00253619 unfairness and I think what that says to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01059-00253619-00253808 us is this perfect world that we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01060-00253809-00253996 working toward already kind of exists in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01061-00253998-00254183 the minds of these young children and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01062-00254184-00254317 live in this world where we're trying to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01063-00254319-00254494 make sure that it continues in that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01064-00254496-00254617 direction so while we're in this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01065-00254619-00254927 purgatory of having a world where all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01066-00254928-00255194 the isms and all this are there we have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01067-00255194-00255389 to realize that there's this world where
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01068-00255390-00255560 these children think that the world is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01069-00255561-00255748 fair in a good place and we want to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01070-00255750-00256031 continue that trajectory and so I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01071-00256032-00256235 language is a really important part of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01072-00256236-00256511 this conversation empathy and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01073-00256512-00256637 understanding where they're coming from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01074-00256638-00256952 and also representation I think with our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01075-00256953-00257135 department specifically we are out in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01076-00257136-00257312 the community a lot and we have 20
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01077-00257313-00257483 teaching artists very diverse in all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01078-00257484-00257885 sorts of aspects and so I think it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01079-00257886-00258125 really important to present a space that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01080-00258126-00258266 looks like the world that they think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01081-00258267-00258398 they're living in that they are living
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01082-00258398-00258590 in and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01083-00258591-00258725 you know we want to send a teaching
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01084-00258726-00259055 artist into community who looks and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01085-00259056-00259298 feels and speaks like like the students
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01086-00259298-00259490 in the and the families that live there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01087-00259491-00259715 and I think that that is something that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01088-00259716-00259934 we should continue doing it's a hard
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01089-00259935-00260119 topic to do it's very new and exciting
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01090-00260121-00260429 our department grew very quickly from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01091-00260430-00260617 the very beginning I wasn't there during
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01092-00260619-00260792 the Big Bang that's what I'm calling it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01093-00260792-00261230 but uh our director was not to say that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01094-00261231-00261377 he's old if you're listening to this I'm
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01095-00261378-00261752 sorry freedom but he was there in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01096-00261753-00261950 beginning and he was a really good part
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01097-00261951-00262175 of curating that program and very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01098-00262176-00262379 selective about the people who are going
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01099-00262380-00262568 to represent this department who really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01100-00262569-00262763 are representing this community and the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01101-00262764-00263006 youth are included and I think their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01102-00263007-00263176 voices have always been there and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01103-00263177-00263606 growing up I rarely saw persons of color
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01104-00263607-00263864 and especially Asian Asian Americans on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01105-00263865-00264092 television in a good light and so it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01106-00264093-00264290 really nice to see that that's no longer
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01107-00264291-00264440 the world that we live in and that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01108-00264441-00264605 people are trying really hard to create
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01109-00264606-00264757 this world that we should be living in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01110-00264758-00265778 so language and empowerment so going
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01111-00265779-00265985 along the same lines of language I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01112-00265986-00266153 like accessibility and not just in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01113-00266154-00266438 sense of like POC and and students with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01114-00266439-00266648 disabilities or whatnot but I know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01115-00266649-00266762 something like we talked about like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01116-00266763-00266882 teens are flaky and like it's really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01117-00266883-00267005 hard I feel like there's kind of like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01118-00267006-00267227 one of two types not to put labels on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01119-00267228-00267389 things but like you had those students
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01120-00267390-00267566 like me were like we're super involved
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01121-00267567-00267761 and so busy that like when we weren't
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01122-00267762-00267887 able to make something it was because we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01123-00267888-00268013 were so busy and then there's this other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01124-00268014-00268202 teens that it's just difficult there's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01125-00268203-00268358 circumstances beyond their control of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01126-00268359-00268517 them being able to attend events or get
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01127-00268518-00268664 there and something I think that really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01128-00268665-00268937 helped myself and peers was like having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01129-00268938-00269057 accessibility to public transportation
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01130-00269058-00269282 being able to get bus passes and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01131-00269283-00269393 depending on what community you're in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01132-00269394-00269594 there are very simple things that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01133-00269595-00269744 think helped a lot of my peers that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01134-00269745-00269963 weren't able to make it because not all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01135-00269964-00270104 of us you know we're able to have our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01136-00270105-00270302 parents drop us off or get picked up or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01137-00270303-00270527 things like that so I think that was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01138-00270528-00270656 something that was super helpful was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01139-00270657-00270863 just having bus passes or just being
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01140-00270864-00271028 offered the option that there are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01141-00271029-00271175 multiple ways to get to where we need to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01142-00271176-00271442 go and kind of really problem-solving
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01143-00271443-00271598 with the teens and figuring out okay how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01144-00271599-00271772 can we get you there like for TCG like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01145-00271773-00271928 okay how can we make this happen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01146-00271929-00272132 and we fundraised we got GoFundMe
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01147-00272133-00272273 account so we learned how to set them up
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01148-00272274-00272501 we reached out to all the actor friends
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01149-00272502-00272654 every theater professional that we knew
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01150-00272655-00272918 at the time as as high school students
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01151-00272919-00273176 and along the same lines having a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01152-00273177-00273326 smaller sort of incentive like we had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01153-00273327-00273461 some programs we had a program through
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01154-00273462-00273686 teen council where we were offered the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01155-00273687-00273806 opportunity to go into schools with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01156-00273807-00274034 teaching artists and it was like a slam
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01157-00274035-00274283 poetry the slam poetry workshops that we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01158-00274284-00274424 did and there was a small monetary
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01159-00274425-00274637 incentive so as teens we were able to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01160-00274638-00274886 get paid a little bit to do to do work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01161-00274887-00275069 for the teen council I know that's not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01162-00275070-00275264 always feasible and possible but I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01163-00275265-00275486 for teens that are so busy or that are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01164-00275487-00275645 torn between they really want to be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01165-00275646-00275801 involved but they need to get a job they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01166-00275802-00275975 need to save for college very practical
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01167-00275976-00276170 things having some sort of monetary
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01168-00276171-00276347 incentive I know it was super helpful
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01169-00276348-00276584 for a lot of my peers who really really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01170-00276585-00276710 wanted to be involved really wanted to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01171-00276711-00276833 be there but that was just a setback
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01172-00276834-00277088 that they had and I know where there was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01173-00277089-00277247 another there was a gala event or they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01174-00277248-00277376 had some of us come in and they wanted
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01175-00277377-00277529 us to share about our experiences about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01176-00277530-00277745 the theatre company in teen council and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01177-00277746-00277871 how it had helped us and they wanted us
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01178-00277872-00278078 to perform and they asked us to come in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01179-00278079-00278186 for rehearsals and they were able to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01180-00278187-00278486 give us a small stipend for that so just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01181-00278487-00278651 small ways small incentives for those
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01182-00278652-00278831 teens that are super busy like myself or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01183-00278832-00278981 like I really want to be involved but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01184-00278982-00279218 there's only so much that I can do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01185-00279219-00279413 saving for college and and all these
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01186-00279414-00279623 other things so just having that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01187-00279624-00279821 accessibility in terms of thinking
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01188-00279822-00279974 troubleshooting those problems and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01189-00279975-00280127 working with the students if there is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01190-00280128-00280313 flakiness if there is kind of a deficit
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01191-00280314-00280532 and okay 100 teens came to this event
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01192-00280533-00280703 and now only five are coming but really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01193-00280704-00280883 asking the youth asking them what's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01194-00280884-00281084 going on like how can we help you and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01195-00281085-00281309 really getting at the root of what that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01196-00281310-00281423 is and sometimes they're out of our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01197-00281424-00281561 control but sometimes they're things
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01198-00281562-00281798 that can be we can work together and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01199-00281799-00282643 solve those problems one thing that we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01200-00282644-00282923 recognized with our theatre with the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01201-00282924-00283049 other part of my job which is the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01202-00283050-00283268 presenting in the programming is that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01203-00283269-00283730 was finding the the elementary
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01204-00283731-00283919 school-age kids for field trips coming
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01205-00283920-00284138 into our theatre was no problem we could
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01206-00284139-00284315 get 1500 kids through our door in one
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01207-00284316-00284549 week the teachers would contact us they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01208-00284550-00284726 would want pre or post show workshops
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01209-00284727-00284930 after we'd send teaching artists out
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01210-00284931-00285167 into the schools it was great we will
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01211-00285168-00285239 win in we will
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01212-00285240-00285440 yeah this is great I'm good at my job
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01213-00285441-00285800 but I noticed that whenever I tried to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01214-00285801-00286109 put on a show for a tya prefer and this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01215-00286110-00286312 was my professional theater at ey
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01216-00286313-00286496 professional theatre company that was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01217-00286497-00286697 geared slightly older kids maybe upper
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01218-00286698-00286928 middle or high school I was struggling
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01219-00286929-00287204 to get the audience in I was struggling
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01220-00287205-00287384 to get the school audiences and I was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01221-00287385-00287516 going out into the schools and I was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01222-00287517-00287753 trying to meet with the teachers and I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01223-00287754-00287888 was talking to them about I've got this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01224-00287889-00288035 idea I'm gonna I'm gonna program this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01225-00288036-00288248 show it's based on oh it's based on a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01226-00288249-00288407 book will you bring em in if it's based
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01227-00288408-00288584 on a book you know I was you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01228-00288585-00288773 whatever it took I was like I'll do it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01229-00288774-00289034 and they were like where we want to but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01230-00289035-00289217 we've got testing and we've got this and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01231-00289218-00289373 we've got that and I was just like oh
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01232-00289374-00289664 man and so what we've tried to do not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01233-00289665-00289913 for this coming season but I've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01234-00289914-00290138 committed to to us and our staff that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01235-00290139-00290363 for the following season we're gonna try
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01236-00290364-00290609 and either Commissioner Show or book a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01237-00290610-00290771 show that we're going to tour into the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01238-00290772-00291001 high schools whether it's a small-scale
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01239-00291002-00291257 production which is when I was at the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01240-00291258-00291443 National Theater in London we often did
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01241-00291444-00291710 with our Shakespeare piece we often took
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01242-00291711-00291995 one you know we had one piece in our in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01243-00291996-00292169 our main theater that we bust in or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01244-00292170-00292349 people took the tube or the brought into
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01245-00292350-00292511 the field trips but then we always had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01246-00292512-00292835 one small pouring piece that we took
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01247-00292836-00293099 into local schools and it was set up in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01248-00293100-00293303 the corner of the dining hall and they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01249-00293304-00293471 would do a big pre-show workshop and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01250-00293472-00293681 then they would see the performance and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01251-00293682-00293819 then we do a talkback or would do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01252-00293820-00294320 something afterwards so for me we have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01253-00294321-00294491 to make that shift a little bit and well
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01254-00294492-00294713 and it's not easy to do it's really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01255-00294714-00294902 expensive and it's gonna take a lot of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01256-00294903-00295031 staff and it's going to take a lot of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01257-00295032-00295211 organization and we're it's finding that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01258-00295212-00295436 right company that are willing to do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01259-00295437-00295595 that and not maybe be on a stage with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01260-00295596-00295895 you know a soundboard and lighting and a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01261-00295896-00296075 crew but yeah you know in a dining hall
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01262-00296076-00296270 like we're gonna shut the tables over
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01263-00296271-00296420 there you know so it's trying to make
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01264-00296421-00296612 the best of what we've got but it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01265-00296613-00296828 recognizing the that is the age group
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01266-00296829-00297179 the crying out for this kind of work and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01267-00297180-00297320 that we've got to shift a little bit of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01268-00297321-00297437 our focus to make sure that they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01269-00297438-00297758 accessible to it so that's one thing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01270-00297759-00298046 that we're doing great I'll just add one
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01271-00298047-00298394 thing which is that in our conversations
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01272-00298395-00298607 about empowering youth voice for these
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01273-00298608-00298628 two
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01274-00298629-00298820 programs it's important for us to define
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01275-00298821-00299210 like really who's voice what age group
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01276-00299211-00299408 are we talking about what is the type of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01277-00299409-00299565 program we're talking about we are not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01278-00299566-00299828 we're all you know small arts
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01279-00299829-00299942 organizations we're never gonna be all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01280-00299943-00300191 things to all people and by trying to do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01281-00300192-00300465 that I personally believe that you are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01282-00300466-00300770 not able to develop to deliver on the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01283-00300771-00301001 greatest program you could by trying to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01284-00301002-00301373 serve all so one define that and then
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01285-00301374-00301643 realize that all of your constituencies
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01286-00301644-00301892 that you're working with have expertise
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01287-00301893-00302096 that they're bringing to the table so if
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01288-00302097-00302364 you're focusing on working with high
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01289-00302365-00302648 school youth then there's real knowledge
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01290-00302649-00302819 there in the same way that there's real
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01291-00302820-00302969 knowledge and your staff and it's about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01292-00302970-00303125 collaborating together for the best
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01293-00303126-00303383 program to meet what your goals are but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01294-00303384-00303673 it's difficult if you're trying to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01295-00303674-00303995 approach one for what I think evelyn was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01296-00303996-00304196 talking about before in terms of trying
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01297-00304197-00304373 to fulfill what some mandate is from the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01298-00304374-00304730 funder or from someone who is so far
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01299-00304731-00304880 away from the community that you're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01300-00304881-00305009 working with that they don't actually
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01301-00305010-00305450 have an understanding of the community's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01302-00305451-00305642 needs and wants and desires which they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01303-00305643-00305780 need to have an opportunity to express
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01304-00305781-00305954 themselves so it's really about creating
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01305-00305955-00306260 that space right thank you for sharing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01306-00306261-00306617 that it's interesting I had a you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01307-00306618-00306710 we were looking at doing some
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01308-00306711-00306809 neighborhood program this is a little
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01309-00306810-00306935 bit of a sidebar but it does relate I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01310-00306936-00307290 promise we were doing a youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01311-00307291-00307460 after-school programming in a specific
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01312-00307461-00307638 neighborhood in the amani neighborhood
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01313-00307639-00308045 and our youth that we were working with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01314-00308046-00308262 we kept hearing them talk about how they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01315-00308263-00308501 don't have enough adult positive
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01316-00308502-00308732 interactions in their life I know this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01317-00308733-00308954 is really interesting at the same time
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01318-00308955-00309189 there was a funder that was saying hey
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01319-00309190-00309350 we're gonna be cutting the funding for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01320-00309351-00309530 these youth programs because we're gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01321-00309531-00309710 be focusing specifically on neighborhood
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01322-00309711-00309929 programming and on community engagement
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01323-00309930-00310191 program and it's like okay so then I was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01324-00310192-00310491 getting a directive to think about what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01325-00310492-00310751 could we do and I'm not I don't like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01326-00310752-00311033 that perspective of a funders dictating
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01327-00311034-00311210 what we should be doing so let's do it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01328-00311211-00311456 that way so I took the grant application
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01329-00311457-00311715 to the community and I said it to a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01330-00311716-00311867 couple of the community lead
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01331-00311868-00312047 small organizations within that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01332-00312048-00312320 community does this make sense this is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01333-00312321-00312443 what I'm hearing from the youth that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01334-00312444-00312584 we're working with in this neighborhood
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01335-00312585-00312794 doesn't make sense to develop something
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01336-00312795-00313171 with you all as partners and have it be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01337-00313172-00313346 multi-generational where we're working
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01338-00313347-00313508 with the youth but we're also working
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01339-00313509-00313733 with this and through that we've also
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01340-00313734-00313958 you know considering that that you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01341-00313959-00314078 just some of the learnings from when
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01342-00314079-00314267 when Abby was with us to about that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01343-00314268-00314426 monetary incentive it was really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01344-00314427-00314615 important so we make sure that in those
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01345-00314616-00314810 applications and every grant application
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01346-00314811-00315113 we are including part-time youth leader
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01347-00315114-00315442 positions these are paid positions and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01348-00315443-00315716 making sure that you know they're there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01349-00315717-00316112 for that entire process so it was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01350-00316113-00316286 interesting to me just kind of thinking
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01351-00316287-00316667 about that that shift of focus for us
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01352-00316668-00317246 and how those those conversations of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01353-00317247-00317489 where were at the table with these
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01354-00317490-00317783 applications and how do we also include
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01355-00317784-00318133 then youth in those applications for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01356-00318134-00318425 grants you know from that writing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01357-00318426-00318535 perspective
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01358-00318536-00318836 so as we're shifting our after-school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01359-00318837-00319028 programming and looking at what is the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01360-00319029-00319196 content of what we're going to be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01361-00319197-00319424 delivering next year you know I had a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01362-00319425-00319631 teen councilmember who was doing his
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01363-00319632-00319952 internship with us as well work with us
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01364-00319953-00320291 on editing this grant and providing some
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01365-00320292-00320483 of this research you know so from that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01366-00320484-00320783 beginning how are they involved and how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01367-00320784-00321080 can we empower their voices but then at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01368-00321081-00321362 the same time not having that pendulum
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01369-00321363-00321575 swing so far because I've also realized
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01370-00321576-00321767 when I tried to empower our teen council
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01371-00321768-00322145 too much that they have no idea you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01372-00322146-00322343 just make the decision it's fine like we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01373-00322344-00322502 don't know how to make the decision you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01374-00322503-00322670 know and that reminder of oh yeah wait
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01375-00322671-00322835 they don't know what they don't know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01376-00322836-00323054 they haven't been in the same world you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01377-00323055-00323345 know of program development and planning
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01378-00323346-00323579 so how can we make sure that we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01379-00323580-00323762 providing those options and seeking
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01380-00323763-00323945 their guidance in a responsible way on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01381-00323946-00324353 that direction as well great does
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01382-00324354-00324505 anybody else want to add anything to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01383-00324506-00324953 just where where youth come into this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01384-00324954-00325083 process of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01385-00325084-00325278 development kind of going off with a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01386-00325279-00325389 grant writing thing because I actually
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01387-00325390-00325608 recently did a apprenticeship where I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01388-00325609-00325833 was helping edit grants cuz I told my
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01389-00325834-00325959 boss asked me what do you want to focus
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01390-00325960-00326070 on what he want to learn and I said
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01391-00326071-00326307 grant writing so myself and three other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01392-00326308-00326532 apprentices in Chicago where we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01393-00326533-00326805 helping edit a grant but another factor
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01394-00326806-00326976 I was thinking about is the marketing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01395-00326977-00327171 aspect and the the reach at the outreach
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01396-00327172-00327381 to actually bring the youth in and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01397-00327382-00327585 involving them in that but again not too
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01398-00327586-00327696 much I know like that was a huge
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01399-00327697-00327822 challenge I feel like when I was in teen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01400-00327823-00328008 council is okay we're trying to recruit
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01401-00328009-00328194 our peers but our peers are doing all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01402-00328195-00328425 these other XYZ activities and we were
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01403-00328426-00328644 just at a loss for like where to where
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01404-00328645-00328835 to start I remember like our first
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01405-00328836-00329130 masquerade ball fundraiser and myself
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01406-00329131-00329247 and another friend from our high school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01407-00329248-00329427 invited like everyone we could think of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01408-00329428-00329595 that we that we knew to this masquerade
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01409-00329596-00329790 ball and the masquerade ball ended up
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01410-00329791-00330042 being half half of the attendees I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01411-00330043-00330234 attended my high school just because we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01412-00330235-00330450 had asked so many people and then years
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01413-00330451-00330600 later we had more and more people but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01414-00330601-00330813 since we had such a small Council and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01415-00330814-00331044 had such limited options of even who to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01416-00331045-00331179 invite we didn't even know where to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01417-00331180-00331446 begin so finding that balance and really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01418-00331447-00331662 just evaluating the size of your team
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01419-00331663-00331776 counsellor the size of your group and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01420-00331777-00332016 what they are capable of doing and what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01421-00332017-00332145 we can put in their hands and what we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01422-00332146-00332271 shouldn't I know that was always such a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01423-00332272-00332421 tricky question because we would be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01424-00332422-00332571 empowered and we'd be told you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01425-00332572-00332703 invite your friends invite your friends
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01426-00332704-00332886 we want to but we at a certain point
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01427-00332887-00333051 there was no one left to invite her we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01428-00333052-00333204 couldn't you know our friends were
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01429-00333205-00333339 involved in other things they had prom
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01430-00333340-00333594 they had exams and whatnot so finding
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01431-00333595-00333795 that balance between the marketing and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01432-00333796-00333954 the outreach and bringing those teens in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01433-00333955-00334143 and maybe having the professional staff
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01434-00334144-00334377 go in you know ahead of time and prep I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01435-00334378-00334497 know something that the rep really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01436-00334498-00334680 helped do is any time they would have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01437-00334681-00334827 any sort of workshop they would always
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01438-00334828-00335025 like put in a plug for team counsel and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01439-00335026-00335187 say and we have this side thing that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01440-00335188-00335370 teen counsel and they would explain it a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01441-00335371-00335553 little bit and so hopefully that drew in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01442-00335554-00335880 some students so really having the your
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01443-00335881-00336108 theatre organization prep ahead of time
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01444-00336109-00336345 and go in and find some teens to begin
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01445-00336346-00336489 with so you have somewhere to start and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01446-00336490-00336681 so you're also empowering them to go out
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01447-00336682-00336873 and outreach but it's not all on them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01448-00336874-00337032 it's not solely on them to bring in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01449-00337033-00337251 people because eventually we graduate
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01450-00337252-00337407 and then you know there's this constant
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01451-00337408-00337737 turnover with teens so the bigger and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01452-00337738-00337854 the stronger the better because we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01453-00337855-00337971 all gonna bring a different role we had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01454-00337972-00338196 one teen council member who moved away
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01455-00338197-00338388 and when I was president I think it was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01456-00338389-00338531 my junior senior of high school he was
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01457-00338532-00338783 sending me a marketing plan like from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01458-00338784-00338981 from I think he was in Boston at the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01459-00338982-00339171 time or Colorado and he wanted to be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01460-00339172-00339288 involved so badly and we were good
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01461-00339289-00339390 friends from high school and so he's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01462-00339391-00339504 like here I really want to help you guys
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01463-00339505-00339654 I know you've gotten smaller people are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01464-00339655-00339870 leaving so he sent us a marketing plan
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01465-00339871-00340029 to use as like a junior in high school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01466-00340030-00340287 that we tried to use so really finding
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01467-00340288-00340457 that balance of bringing in the youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01468-00340458-00340605 ahead of time so that we have somewhere
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01469-00340606-00340839 to begin but then giving us the choice
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01470-00340840-00341112 and the and the tools to help us and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01471-00341113-00341360 equip us to be able to market and bring
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01472-00341361-00341538 in more teens because we don't know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01473-00341539-00341697 everyone there's only so many teens we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01474-00341698-00342255 know and they're involved in so many
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01475-00342256-00342480 other things so this actually is a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01476-00342481-00342702 really great segue into my next question
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01477-00342703-00343109 for you all beyond education programming
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01478-00343110-00343362 where do you see youth voice being
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01479-00343363-00343623 incorporated into your theaters how do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01480-00343624-00343958 they get involved in marketing and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01481-00343959-00344282 development in artistic programming and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01482-00344283-00344577 you know in community engagement if your
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01483-00344578-00344763 separate department or if it's the same
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01484-00344764-00345087 you know so how do you see teens
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01485-00345088-00345431 starting to infiltrate in other areas
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01486-00345432-00345632 and influence other areas in your
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01487-00345633-00346773 theaters so we we've had volunteers as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01488-00346774-00347019 part of the old Globes program for a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01489-00347020-00347223 very long time but they're there they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01490-00347224-00347478 in a matter of being ushered and patron
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01491-00347479-00347855 services etc and so since I've been
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01492-00347856-00348002 brought on I've been tasked with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01493-00348003-00348255 curating our volunteer program from the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01494-00348256-00348405 community engagement standpoint and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01495-00348406-00348753 those those volunteers are slightly of a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01496-00348754-00348894 different breed because we want them to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01497-00348895-00349130 be able to speak back and have a two-way
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01498-00349131-00349248 conversation with those that they are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01499-00349249-00349358 engaging with when they're out in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01500-00349359-00349572 community it's not just a thank you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01501-00349573-00349709 here's your seat and that's it have a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01502-00349710-00349950 good show we want to make sure that it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01503-00349951-00350205 a continuous conversation about what it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01504-00350206-00350388 is that they're witnessing did they like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01505-00350389-00350940 the show and so we have something called
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01506-00350941-00351096 breaking bread which is when we bring
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01507-00351097-00351429 people in to hear their voices and these
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01508-00351430-00351573 are obviously adults
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01509-00351574-00351882 but eventually we'd like to bring in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01510-00351883-00352053 student voices that have been coming
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01511-00352054-00352305 through our programs and curating those
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01512-00352306-00352587 those those relationships that we've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01513-00352588-00352808 already started to build and so for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01514-00352809-00352956 example we would love to bring in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01515-00352957-00353220 studio alumni who are now young adults
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01516-00353221-00353355 they're in college maybe they've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01517-00353356-00353496 graduated by now if they've been in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01518-00353497-00353730 program a lot longer and so they would
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01519-00353731-00353862 be the ones that would fill this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01520-00353863-00354018 awareness gap that I think is missing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01521-00354019-00354222 from these marketing departments that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01522-00354223-00354438 say I think they'll love this show but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01523-00354439-00354675 really did they ask a student about it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01524-00354676-00355116 and so I think that awareness gap needs
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01525-00355117-00355377 to be filled by the voices that we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01526-00355378-00355629 trying to seek and that is the students
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01527-00355630-00355905 and so we have a lot of participants and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01528-00355906-00356292 I'd love to spend my time you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01529-00356293-00356415 reconnecting with them bringing them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01530-00356416-00356655 back in and really having them guide
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01531-00356656-00356943 what we're doing we are on a couple of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01532-00356944-00357165 councils a creative youth development
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01533-00357166-00357407 there is a conference in San Diego
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01534-00357408-00357642 called the arts amplifying youth where
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01535-00357643-00357918 it's planned by teens created by teens
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01536-00357919-00358080 and only teens are invited we're not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01537-00358081-00358212 even a lot in the room except for a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01538-00358213-00358353 handful of people and that's really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01539-00358354-00358527 amazing some adults can't even do that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01540-00358528-00358859 you know so so it's really awesome and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01541-00358860-00358977 I'd love to connect with them because
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01542-00358978-00359159 they really are the future and if you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01543-00359160-00359391 give them a platform earlier then
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01544-00359392-00359573 they'll feel more empowered and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01545-00359574-00359807 innovation is all about taking risks and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01546-00359808-00360042 I think when you take those risks it is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01547-00360043-00360351 very scary but the results are very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01548-00360352-00360579 rewarding and so sometimes you really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01549-00360580-00360762 just have to put yourself out on a limb
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01550-00360763-00360987 and trust the people who will eventually
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01551-00360988-00361692 be running our future kind of in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01552-00361693-00361910 same regard in terms of marketing just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01553-00361911-00362121 really providing them not even just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01554-00362122-00362289 marketing just exposing them to the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01555-00362290-00362391 different departments at your theater
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01556-00362392-00362547 beyond the education departments that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01557-00362548-00362670 they have those options and they know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01558-00362671-00362823 they're out there whether that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01559-00362824-00362988 assuring volunteering I know like a lot
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01560-00362989-00363177 of our teens on the council we've all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01561-00363178-00363345 interior the annual gala so we got to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01562-00363346-00363621 see that side of things so just exposing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01563-00363622-00363804 them and and from the ground having that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01564-00363805-00363945 groundwork of this is what our theater
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01565-00363946-00364098 is this is what we do these are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01566-00364099-00364287 different departments and then if it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01567-00364288-00364494 out there they've seen they've seen the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01568-00364495-00364665 options and that way before they even
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01569-00364666-00364824 are interested in shadowing or having a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01570-00364825-00364867 mentor
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01571-00364868-00365164 ship or going to these events before
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01572-00365165-00365358 they even know they need to know what's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01573-00365359-00365503 out there and what their options are so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01574-00365504-00365722 just showing them those different
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01575-00365723-00366306 departments I think it goes back to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01576-00366307-00366439 something you said earlier in terms of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01577-00366440-00366589 asking them what they want and what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01578-00366590-00366715 they're interested in and providing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01579-00366716-00366850 space for that I mean I think that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01580-00366851-00367087 kind of the bottom line across the board
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01581-00367088-00367414 I know that when I was at the rep we had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01582-00367415-00367758 a program where the teen council young
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01583-00367759-00368010 adults were mentored by the fellows so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01584-00368011-00368256 that we had the kind of multiple levels
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01585-00368257-00368425 of learning for though that was cross
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01586-00368426-00368832 departmental that was very fruitful I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01587-00368833-00369073 know that now at lookingglass it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01588-00369074-00369241 interesting because we have this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01589-00369242-00369403 additional culture in that so we're an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01590-00369404-00369688 ensemble based company the ensemble
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01591-00369689-00369814 members are in a place where their lives
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01592-00369815-00370008 where most of them have teenagers so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01593-00370009-00370450 there is this extra level of oh you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01594-00370451-00370702 20 or so teenagers who grew up at the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01595-00370703-00370983 theater who most of them are interested
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01596-00370984-00371239 in being artists and create their own
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01597-00371240-00371505 work where it is an accepted part of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01598-00371506-00371743 culture but it's this interesting
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01599-00371744-00372094 organism because it is this like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01600-00372095-00372322 elevated status because they're children
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01601-00372323-00372582 of ensemble members and so figuring out
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01602-00372583-00372922 how do we connect that with what's going
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01603-00372923-00373209 on in our education programs in a way
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01604-00373210-00373791 that feels organic and authentic and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01605-00373792-00374010 dynamic and fun is something else that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01606-00374011-00374208 we're we're talking about because there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01607-00374209-00374443 is already like something in the DNA
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01608-00374444-00374662 there and it's just about how are we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01609-00374663-00374904 weaving that across the entire
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01610-00374905-00375094 organization so that's another thing for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01611-00375095-00375480 us to work on and I think anytime we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01612-00375481-00375703 talk about youth voice and internship
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01613-00375704-00375882 programs it's funny
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01614-00375883-00376080 Alma's here Alma and I used to be the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01615-00376081-00376380 new victory theater together and in New
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01616-00376381-00376600 York City and I you cannot talk have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01617-00376601-00376744 this conversation about internships
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01618-00376745-00376857 without mentioning the new victory
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01619-00376858-00377074 theater and they're incredible
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01620-00377075-00377266 internships where they have young people
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01621-00377267-00377500 placed in every single department at the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01622-00377501-00377689 theater and they're paid and they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01623-00377690-00378059 trained and they're doing real work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01624-00378060-00378293 and you know just a funny side note
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01625-00378294-00378569 personal story I had an intern when I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01626-00378570-00378695 was in the Education Department who
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01627-00378696-00378995 shadowed me for however many weeks and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01628-00378996-00379142 then she went back home to London she
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01629-00379143-00379391 was actually an intern an international
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01630-00379392-00379604 internship program she went back to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01631-00379605-00379748 London and then when I moved back to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01632-00379749-00379934 London several years later she was there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01633-00379935-00380182 my boss at the National Theatre which
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01634-00380183-00380498 you know was incredible and awesome and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01635-00380499-00380858 that shows the level of program the the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01636-00380859-00381053 new victory theater has and I know that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01637-00381054-00381266 members of their Education Department
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01638-00381267-00381401 are going to be a TCG later on this week
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01639-00381402-00381581 and if any of you are interested you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01640-00381582-00381689 know I'm not the one that should be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01641-00381690-00381836 speaking for their program they are and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01642-00381837-00382163 it's like mind-bogglingly good so you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01643-00382164-00382265 know I think that they're worth just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01644-00382266-00382463 dropping in right Alma we got it we were
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01645-00382464-00382592 just talking this morning we were like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01646-00382593-00382781 they're the rolls-royce you know and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01647-00382782-00382958 that's how the and they're very generous
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01648-00382959-00383228 and they will share any program
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01649-00383229-00383396 information and details with you guys
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01650-00383397-00383828 and you know just reach out to them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01651-00383829-00383990 because Lindsey in the Education
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01652-00383991-00384194 Department is you know it's phenomenal
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01653-00384195-00384476 so I'm just giving them a shout out it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01654-00384477-00384674 been interesting too over the last I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01655-00384675-00384797 mean we've had our team counsel for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01656-00384798-00385157 about nine years now and for having you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01657-00385158-00385373 know seeing the ones that become very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01658-00385374-00385574 involved and our just happened to like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01659-00385575-00385721 make the theater another home for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01660-00385722-00386009 themselves you know the more that they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01661-00386010-00386282 become present and infiltrated not just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01662-00386283-00386477 in education but then they start being
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01663-00386478-00386765 seen by other departments that's when we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01664-00386766-00386885 start getting questions from those other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01665-00386886-00387080 departments so one of the things that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01666-00387081-00387224 we've set up now as a part of the team
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01667-00387225-00387383 Council is that we have space for one
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01668-00387384-00387557 team to do a semester or year-long
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01669-00387558-00387857 internship where they Job Shadow every
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01670-00387858-00388163 single department or we set up with them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01671-00388164-00388571 a plan for that job shadowing what are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01672-00388572-00388718 you interested in what do you want to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01673-00388719-00388868 learn more of and then they have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01674-00388869-00389009 reflections that they have to do after
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01675-00389010-00389189 that initial shadow and then I'll go
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01676-00389190-00389333 back to that department depending on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01677-00389334-00389477 that reflection say hey we need to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01678-00389478-00389657 follow up you know we need another
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01679-00389658-00389837 shadow they actually want to spend some
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01680-00389838-00390011 time in the department could you use
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01681-00390012-00390221 them as an intern for four weeks and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01682-00390222-00390449 then just be placed in development you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01683-00390450-00390644 know and now we start getting requests
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01684-00390645-00390867 from my new play development saying hey
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01685-00390868-00391173 I have your high school intern for a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01686-00391174-00391358 while you know so I need a couple weeks
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01687-00391359-00391569 I've got a couple projects and that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01688-00391570-00391701 would be a really great perspective to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01689-00391702-00391872 have you know so it's just been an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01690-00391873-00392207 interesting way for us to start
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01691-00392208-00392448 introducing those teens but then also it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01692-00392449-00392829 has resulted into actual jobs too that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01693-00392830-00392949 aren't just me
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01694-00392950-00393189 studying up jobs but somebody's saying
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01695-00393190-00393399 oh we need a receptionist you know is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01696-00393400-00393543 there a teen council member that would
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01697-00393544-00393753 be a receptionist you know is there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01698-00393754-00393918 somebody that can work in the ticket
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01699-00393919-00394023 office is there something you know so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01700-00394024-00394293 looking at how they start becoming
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01701-00394294-00394470 involved in other departments just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01702-00394471-00394821 because we're seeing that their presence
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01703-00394822-00395100 is demonstrating their responsibility
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01704-00395101-00395400 and commitment to our theater as well as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01705-00395401-00395598 the future of our theater so that's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01706-00395599-00395759 another another interesting way to do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01707-00395760-00396066 that okay yeah exactly
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01708-00396067-00396465 so one final question and then I do want
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01709-00396466-00396645 to spend some time with some Q&A here
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01710-00396646-00396900 one final question is just upon
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01711-00396901-00397154 reflection of your we have a lot of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01712-00397155-00397559 years of working with youth or being a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01713-00397560-00397752 youth as a part of programming and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01714-00397753-00397928 growing into your own educational
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01715-00397929-00398289 development what are some of those
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01716-00398290-00398506 takeaways what have you learned about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01717-00398507-00398783 theater today the future of theater and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01718-00398784-00399198 where where we are moving towards what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01719-00399199-00399506 should we be moving towards as a field
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01720-00399507-00399717 based off of the learnings that we've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01721-00399718-00399956 had in youth voice so that's a big
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01722-00399957-00400176 question you know it's a pretty big
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01723-00400177-00400379 question you know but one of the things
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01724-00400380-00400524 that like I'll start while you're all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01725-00400525-00400695 thinking about that question you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01726-00400696-00400968 one of the things that I've I've been
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01727-00400969-00401466 learning is just seeing how maybe it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01728-00401467-00401637 just at our theater but maybe it's it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01729-00401638-00401802 elsewhere too because I feel like these
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01730-00401803-00402021 conversations and the years of having
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01731-00402022-00402342 even you that TCG conferences has been a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01732-00402343-00402549 really interesting thing for us to be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01733-00402550-00402864 taking from them as well as as working
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01734-00402865-00403052 with them and hopefully mentoring them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01735-00403053-00403382 you know how how is this a reciprocal
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01736-00403383-00403634 relationship with the youth and not just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01737-00403635-00403893 about us you know oh we need your
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01738-00403894-00404003 perspective because we're trying to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01739-00404004-00404094 bring younger
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01740-00404095-00404333 people in our seats right but how are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01741-00404334-00404708 you actually ingrained into every
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01742-00404709-00404892 decision that we are making how are we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01743-00404893-00405093 been taking that into consideration when
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01744-00405094-00405308 we're even looking at new plays that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01745-00405309-00405447 we're developing at our theaters if you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01746-00405448-00405606 have a new play development department
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01747-00405607-00405822 how are we looking at that in terms of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01748-00405823-00406101 just programming what the shows were
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01749-00406102-00406362 doing you know how are the youth able to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01750-00406363-00406532 read some of the scripts that were
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01751-00406533-00406719 considering for season planning how do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01752-00406720-00406962 you structure that you know so there's a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01753-00406963-00407142 lot of things that I'm just considering
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01754-00407143-00407331 and thinking and I feel like in the last
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01755-00407332-00407595 decade you know with community
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01756-00407596-00407871 engagement becoming so central as well
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01757-00407872-00408102 and education programming alongside that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01758-00408103-00408348 I think we're just becoming more and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01759-00408349-00408570 more central and I wonder how much of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01760-00408571-00408857 that is also been influenced by youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01761-00408858-00409527 being at the table I'm not sure if is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01762-00409528-00409782 gonna answer any of it or part of it but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01763-00409783-00410178 what that made me think about I guess is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01764-00410179-00410807 representation of youth on stage so the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01765-00410808-00410978 project the young people are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01766-00410979-00411464 predominantly youth of color and we work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01767-00411466-00411851 with about 200 volunteer artists a year
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01768-00411852-00412099 and one thing that I've been very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01769-00412100-00412395 cognizant and about and focused on is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01770-00412396-00412595 making sure that the artists who are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01771-00412596-00412937 volunteering reflect also and represent
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01772-00412938-00413139 the young people and that they look like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01773-00413139-00413472 them and they that we have a specific
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01774-00413472-00413763 very diverse group of volunteers who
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01775-00413764-00413907 come in and work with our young people
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01776-00413908-00414072 because I think it's really important
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01777-00414072-00414303 that they see themselves in these adults
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01778-00414304-00414543 as well and one thing that we also I'm
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01779-00414543-00414726 you know blessed to be in New York City
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01780-00414727-00414932 where there's so much the access to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01781-00414933-00415235 theatre and so what we try and do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01782-00415237-00415445 regularly with our young people is take
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01783-00415446-00415695 them to see shows in New York City and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01784-00415696-00415793 we do have a lot of wonderful
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01785-00415795-00415917 relationships with a lot of different
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01786-00415918-00416303 theaters who offer us comp tickets and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01787-00416304-00416526 honestly one of my favorite things to do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01788-00416527-00416820 is go to a student matinee or a show
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01789-00416821-00417014 with young people because they are so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01790-00417016-00417260 incredibly honest in their reactions to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01791-00417262-00417403 what they're seeing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01792-00417404-00417564 and I and and then we always you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01793-00417566-00417841 with young with student matinees or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01794-00417842-00418021 whatever it is student shows there's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01795-00418022-00418197 often a talkback and another thing that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01796-00418199-00418384 I see in a lot of these artists is that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01797-00418385-00418705 they always often reflect that they one
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01798-00418706-00418885 are so excited to have youth in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01799-00418885-00419029 audience and two they're so nerve they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01800-00419030-00419176 get more nervous than a regular show
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01801-00419177-00419317 because they know that these young
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01802-00419318-00419521 people are gonna be honest and are gonna
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01803-00419522-00419710 react that you will hear how they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01804-00419710-00419974 feeling in the moment they do not hold
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01805-00419975-00420316 back but and so we've been making an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01806-00420317-00420592 effort to bring our young people to see
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01807-00420593-00420805 shows that would excite them and not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01808-00420806-00421045 just you know when when I first talked
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01809-00421046-00421174 to my young people about what they think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01810-00421175-00421378 theatre is it's like you sit in as you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01811-00421379-00421552 sit in the theater there's an audience
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01812-00421553-00421738 you don't say anything
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01813-00421739-00421903 you can barely relate to what's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01814-00421904-00422083 happening and then we try so then I'm
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01815-00422084-00422218 thinking what kind of shows can we take
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01816-00422218-00422443 them to where we can break that and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01817-00422443-00422572 the last show we went to there we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01818-00422572-00422785 started in a park and marched through
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01819-00422785-00423060 the park in LA it was like a New Orleans
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01820-00423062-00423334 themed band and we marched through into
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01821-00423335-00423460 the theater and we stood the whole time
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01822-00423460-00423655 and we danced and they were like Natalie
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01823-00423656-00423889 this is theatre yeah this is theatre too
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01824-00423889-00424159 so also like breaking they're allowing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01825-00424160-00424218 them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01826-00424220-00424410 I think theatre needs to move forward
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01827-00424412-00424534 and think about how to be more
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01828-00424535-00424735 accessible and more relatable to young
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01829-00424735-00425053 people because they are smart as hell
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01830-00425054-00425263 and they know they know things and they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01831-00425264-00425460 know how to relate to things and it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01832-00425462-00425713 important for them to feel it and have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01833-00425714-00425881 an experience that's not always distant
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01834-00425882-00426157 most traditional kind of theatre so I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01835-00426158-00426322 guess I'm also breaking what traditional
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01836-00426322-00426727 theatre looks like that made me think of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01837-00426728-00426922 kind of going to going along the same
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01838-00426922-00427108 lines is that idea of immersive theater
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01839-00427109-00427357 and I think something that specifically
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01840-00427358-00427639 Millennials and youth is that idea of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01841-00427639-00427797 attention span that idea of social media
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01842-00427799-00427999 and the quick the story the idea of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01843-00428000-00428193 watching a story in 10 seconds moving on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01844-00428195-00428485 and bouncing from idea to idea to idea
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01845-00428485-00428749 thought to thought faster and faster and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01846-00428750-00429004 so something that I think theater that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01847-00429005-00429301 that new theater has kind of embraced
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01848-00429302-00429535 encompasses the idea of a lot quicker
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01849-00429535-00429753 attention span may be moving from
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01850-00429754-00429967 whether it's physically moving from room
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01851-00429968-00430171 to room or whether it's incorporating
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01852-00430172-00430357 social media on a screen is part of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01853-00430358-00430626 show but really just adapting and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01854-00430627-00430774 utilizing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01855-00430775-00431038 Media and that idea of immersive
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01856-00431039-00431284 experience all theater that I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01857-00431285-00431751 excites youth and younger people
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01858-00431752-00431968 something that I think Rachel had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01859-00431968-00432133 mentioned earlier is to define this
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01860-00432134-00432360 community and I think we were talking
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01861-00432362-00432532 about representation and really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01862-00432533-00432709 community can mean a lot of things right
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01863-00432710-00432958 you can relate because you're part of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01864-00432959-00433164 the LGBTQ community you could relate
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01865-00433166-00433360 because of your gender you can relate
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01866-00433360-00433549 because of your socioeconomic status
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01867-00433550-00433666 there's there's really a large spectrum
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01868-00433667-00433870 of what that community is defined as and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01869-00433871-00434206 I think we need to break this mold of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01870-00434207-00434446 what we think theatre goers look like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01871-00434447-00434772 and how they what their socioeconomic
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01872-00434774-00434947 status is we need to break the mold of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01873-00434947-00435187 what volunteers look like we have a very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01874-00435188-00435468 nice robust docent program but they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01875-00435470-00435925 very veteran volunteers and and I don't
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01876-00435926-00436087 you know and I get volunteers who are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01877-00436088-00436255 like I would love to be a docent but I'm
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01878-00436256-00436450 not retired and not six and I was like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01879-00436451-00436768 no no and so I I feel like we need to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01880-00436768-00437077 fight this it's very true and we need to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01881-00437078-00437379 fight this language that persists and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01882-00437380-00437653 let them know that just because the way
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01883-00437654-00437842 things were aren't always the way they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01884-00437843-00438208 need to be moving forward to make sure
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01885-00438209-00438435 that that is inclusive language allows
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01886-00438437-00438601 them to realize that these opportunities
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01887-00438602-00438901 are also there for them and they need to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01888-00438902-00439162 be encouraged to take it and I think
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01889-00439163-00439410 that that that little bit of action
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01890-00439412-00439576 needs a little encouragement a little
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01891-00439577-00439780 bit oiling on our side because if we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01892-00439781-00439989 don't do that then we'll continue to get
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01893-00439991-00440260 these older retired which we love we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01894-00440260-00440418 love and they do a wonderful job for us
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01895-00440420-00440575 we have thousands of volunteers and it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01896-00440576-00440896 great but you know one day they'll
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01897-00440897-00441093 retire from volunteering and we'll need
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01898-00441095-00441553 a younger base to continue forward sorry
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01899-00441554-00442060 tell about volunteers okay so my brains
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01900-00442060-00442399 going lots of different places but you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01901-00442400-00442555 know one thing that I'm struggling with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01902-00442556-00442726 it does get back to your question is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01903-00442727-00443038 that and then truly struggling with is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01904-00443039-00443338 new IDI and an organization our tickets
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01905-00443339-00443706 are too expensive like we have created
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01906-00443707-00443977 or I don't even know how to best say it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01907-00443978-00444162 there are too many barriers to entry and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01908-00444163-00444489 at the same time we're not fully
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01909-00444490-00444679 compensating people for the work that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01910-00444680-00444906 they're doing like the cost of what we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01911-00444907-00445381 do is so expensive and with the way that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01912-00445382-00445549 our financial model works it's like well
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01913-00445550-00445714 you're gonna get it from fundraising are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01914-00445714-00445852 you gonna charge your ticket prices and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01915-00445853-00446206 so we're stuck and that's a huge problem
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01916-00446207-00446500 because you know what I am a strong
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01917-00446501-00446872 believer that you know particularly if
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01918-00446872-00447016 you're looking at middle school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01919-00447017-00447222 teenagers they should they should have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01920-00447223-00447451 the opportunity to go to any type of art
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01921-00447452-00447676 that they could be interested in I want
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01922-00447677-00447789 to encourage them to be cultural
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01923-00447790-00448060 omnivores and with no judgement placed
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01924-00448060-00448437 on what they attend and consume and find
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01925-00448438-00448924 meaning and joy in but if we have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01926-00448925-00449220 created a system where you have to be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01927-00449221-00449395 from a certain socio-economic class in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01928-00449396-00449749 order to participate then we're creating
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01929-00449750-00450012 something that is either getting smaller
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01930-00450013-00450208 and smaller not very interesting to me
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01931-00450209-00450495 and also not sustainable in any way and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01932-00450496-00450816 and not forward-thinking so while you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01933-00450817-00451047 know I think that there's actually a big
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01934-00451048-00451470 economic piece to this that I know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01935-00451471-00451600 people have been talking about for a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01936-00451601-00451762 long time we've been you know all that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01937-00451763-00452162 but still it's getting worse and that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01938-00452163-00452670 figuring out how to have the experience
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01939-00452671-00452976 of attending a live performance is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01940-00452977-00453337 another thing that one can do on the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01941-00453338-00453547 weekend with their friends is something
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01942-00453547-00454164 that I think is vital to our success as
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01943-00454165-00454549 an industry and as artists and for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01944-00454550-00454887 engagement and also for human beings to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01945-00454888-00455026 be able to have a space where we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01946-00455027-00455193 collectively convening together and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01947-00455194-00455458 engaging with ideas and thoughts and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01948-00455459-00455595 people who might be different than us so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01949-00455596-00455910 there's a there's a lot in there that I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01950-00455911-00456235 think mirrors what we need to be
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01951-00456235-00456433 addressing within our institutions and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01952-00456434-00456656 also mirrors what's going on in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01953-00456657-00457441 around us great so with that we have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01954-00457442-00457856 about 15 minutes left for a Q & A so if
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01955-00457857-00457997 anybody has any questions for a group
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01956-00457997-00459272 yes kotti so you've very eloquently
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01957-00459272-00459518 talked about some of your strategies on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01958-00459518-00459956 the institutional side for you know for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01959-00459957-00460120 inclusion inclusion of youth voices
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01960-00460121-00460372 whether it's bus passes or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01961-00460374-00460495 [Music]
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01962-00460496-00460754 representation of docents or teaching
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01963-00460755-00460916 artists could you speak a little bit
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01964-00460917-00461158 about some of the strategies it's you've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01965-00461159-00461303 talked about the sort of the what and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01966-00461304-00461470 the how can you talk a little bit about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01967-00461471-00461981 the who like how you get a diverse group
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01968-00461982-00462145 of young people in the room and that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01969-00462146-00463525 includes young people with disabilities
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01970-00463526-00463814 that's a super tricky question uh but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01971-00463814-00464060 just like a brief way is just like um
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01972-00464060-00464249 what's the right word recycling
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01973-00464250-00464441 recycling your youth like over the years
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01974-00464442-00464588 like if you've got a teen council
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01975-00464589-00464849 bringing those students back I mean like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01976-00464850-00464996 Jenny's brought me back and I'm teaching
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01977-00464997-00465170 for her like just like and there's been
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01978-00465171-00465305 multiple like she mentioned like there's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01979-00465306-00465575 been receptionist's who have worked on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01980-00465576-00465710 the teen council so if you already have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01981-00465710-00465860 a youth program in place just like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01982-00465860-00466103 bringing those youth back again and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01983-00466104-00466480 again if they they do you know represent
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01984-00466481-00466735 because yeah that's super important so I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01985-00466737-00466901 think if they've already grown up in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01986-00466902-00467185 program and they've already kind of had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01987-00467187-00467492 that like training I guess that's a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01988-00467493-00468188 super good way so to be completely
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01989-00468189-00468470 honest with you so at the 52nd Street
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01990-00468471-00468614 project one of the main things that we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01991-00468614-00468842 do with our young people is we take them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01992-00468843-00469264 away on trips so the componentOne with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01993-00469266-00469412 all of our big theater programs like if
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01994-00469413-00469556 during the plane making program the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01995-00469557-00469700 first thing we do we take them away for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01996-00469701-00469880 a weekend on a writing retreat to get
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01997-00469881-00469985 them out of the city we go to the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01998-00469985-00470185 country somewhere outside upstate or
Qwr1i7rRkoo-01999-00470187-00470464 somewhere and everything's free of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02000-00470466-00470699 course for the young people and we and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02001-00470700-00471014 they we just spend the weekend writing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02002-00471014-00471137 and I like bowling or whatever the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02003-00471138-00471389 afternoon activity is and that's why our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02004-00471389-00471734 kids want to come to our program like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02005-00471735-00471839 these ten year olds are like I'm not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02006-00471839-00471992 trying to be an actor I hear that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02007-00471993-00472288 there's a ping-pong table and we go to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02008-00472289-00472700 the Hamptons over the weekend which is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02009-00472701-00473138 ridiculous but but it's also a way for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02010-00473139-00473306 them to have another experience outside
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02011-00473307-00473618 of New York City and to allow them to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02012-00473618-00473839 experiment to write in a different space
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02013-00473839-00474191 or rehearse in a different space and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02014-00474192-00474314 and we're not we know that we're not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02015-00474314-00474647 here to make actors or help build that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02016-00474647-00474793 but we're here to have them build
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02017-00474795-00475052 community and relationships and creative
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02018-00475053-00475274 skills so our team we always joke like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02019-00475275-00475496 they're not here for the theater they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02020-00475497-00475658 here because we're gonna take them away
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02021-00475659-00476021 for a bit volunteers for that Hampton
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02022-00476022-00476220 trip I mean
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02023-00476221-00476710 never been yeah I was gonna say the a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02024-00476710-00476991 lot of our youth the way that we attract
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02025-00476992-00477229 youth programming is word of mouth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02026-00477230-00477402 like people that have been part of our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02027-00477403-00477597 programs they tell their friends we also
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02028-00477598-00477745 have an in-school program where we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02029-00477746-00477925 out in schools during the term time so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02030-00477926-00478062 we talked to teachers about any kids
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02031-00478063-00478227 that they might know of that are either
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02032-00478228-00478372 taking part in the pre and post-show
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02033-00478372-00478593 workshops come to see the theater or if
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02034-00478594-00478777 they know of any other kids and anywhere
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02035-00478778-00478954 else in the school you know the teachers
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02036-00478955-00479133 are incredible resources they know their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02037-00479134-00479364 kids really really well and you know and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02038-00479365-00479581 then we might reach out that way the way
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02039-00479582-00479701 that we get them into the theater with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02040-00479702-00479847 field trips is all our tickets for our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02041-00479848-00480006 school matinees are free and we also
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02042-00480007-00480226 provide busing for all the schools we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02043-00480227-00480354 had to do that through grants and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02044-00480355-00480550 fundraising which was really really hard
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02045-00480551-00480756 but that's the only way that we could do
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02046-00480757-00481045 it and the school's just could not you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02047-00481046-00481216 know we partnered with the city we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02048-00481217-00481324 part of something called the cultural
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02049-00481325-00481564 passport program where schools will
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02050-00481564-00481747 reach out to the to them and say we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02051-00481747-00481872 really want to do field trips and then
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02052-00481873-00482052 they will kind of make that connection
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02053-00482053-00482281 with us and so that was like the schools
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02054-00482282-00482383 and teachers and then once you're in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02055-00482384-00482533 there talking to the people that work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02056-00482534-00482733 with the young people themselves they
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02057-00482734-00482947 become your advocate and so if they've
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02058-00482947-00483312 got a kid we've also become in our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02059-00483313-00483595 summer camp programs we have a lot of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02060-00483596-00483906 kids with additional needs and that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02061-00483907-00484095 started where they were just coming to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02062-00484096-00484281 us the families were coming to us or a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02063-00484282-00484435 teacher would refer them to us we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02064-00484435-00484737 decided that we had you know families
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02065-00484738-00484891 that were interested kids that you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02066-00484892-00485064 loved the arts we all know that you know
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02067-00485065-00485197 there's so much research and studies out
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02068-00485197-00485433 there that sometimes often kids with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02069-00485434-00485683 additional learning needs get so much
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02070-00485684-00485824 out of the performing arts whatever that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02071-00485825-00486052 is and so that we started training our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02072-00486053-00486226 staff sending them out to do trainings
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02073-00486227-00486435 so they can have strategies and and then
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02074-00486436-00486649 we've got a reputation and then we went
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02075-00486650-00486931 for a city grant called the sassy grant
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02076-00486932-00487099 which can give us money to help support
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02077-00487100-00487287 these young people while they're in our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02078-00487288-00487539 programs so a lot of it kind of started
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02079-00487540-00487777 word-of-mouth and just getting other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02080-00487778-00487966 community leaders where your theater is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02081-00487967-00488164 to be your advocates to invite them in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02082-00488164-00488401 to watch what you do because it's not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02083-00488402-00488587 you know always have to ask people come
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02084-00488588-00488695 in and then we're gonna ask you for
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02085-00488696-00488914 money sometimes you we want you to just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02086-00488914-00489097 come in see what we do and then just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02087-00489097-00489262 talk to everyone you know about us
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02088-00489263-00489510 and you know just talk to everyone that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02089-00489512-00489682 you know and maybe somewhere along the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02090-00489683-00489816 line someone would like to give us some
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02091-00489817-00490068 money which always be helpful but that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02092-00490069-00490306 that's not always the way sometimes you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02093-00490307-00490620 know Miami's a very word-of-mouth town
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02094-00490621-00491070 so that's one thing that we do I think a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02095-00491071-00491214 huge thing as meeting them where they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02096-00491215-00491518 at to meeting the students that you're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02097-00491518-00491659 hoping to get into the doors where
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02098-00491660-00491910 they're at whether it's through various
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02099-00491912-00492072 communities whether it's partnering with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02100-00492073-00492291 youth serving organizations that are not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02101-00492292-00492522 theatres most of my partners are not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02102-00492523-00492804 involved with arts at all most of it is
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02103-00492805-00493102 after-school programs youth programs
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02104-00493103-00493303 that have nothing to do with theatre and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02105-00493304-00493537 we might be that one arts partner with
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02106-00493538-00493912 that group also connecting to my in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02107-00493913-00494047 school programs which we haven't talked
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02108-00494047-00494203 about it all really is in school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02109-00494204-00494380 programming but during those in school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02110-00494381-00494629 programs we talk about these other
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02111-00494630-00494806 programs these other ways to get
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02112-00494807-00495022 involved so maybe we have this group of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02113-00495022-00495247 35 students in this classroom that have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02114-00495247-00495574 absolutely no desire to be in the arts
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02115-00495575-00495693 but they're a part of this in school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02116-00495694-00495901 program because they're required to but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02117-00495902-00496081 then there's that one student that it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02118-00496082-00496252 like actually I'm kind of interested in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02119-00496253-00496555 this you know so how do we we provide
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02120-00496556-00496801 them with the information that this is a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02121-00496802-00497022 pathway that there are ways for you to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02122-00497023-00497224 get involved beyond this particular
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02123-00497225-00497503 school program and this is what we hear
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02124-00497504-00497697 in communities as well is you have to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02125-00497698-00497818 build those relationships you have to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02126-00497818-00498012 start with those relationships because
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02127-00498013-00498109 they're not going to trust you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02128-00498110-00498420 particularly at white institutions right
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02129-00498421-00498604 and Milwaukee rep right now is a very
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02130-00498605-00498853 white institution still you know so how
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02131-00498854-00499159 are we able to invite people in and make
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02132-00499160-00499443 them feel welcome but it really starts
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02133-00499444-00499662 with with being there being in their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02134-00499663-00499858 communities and starting there versus
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02135-00499859-00500287 starting with us thank you all so much I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02136-00500288-00500458 have ten questions so I'm going to have
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02137-00500459-00500701 lunch with each of you and ask the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02138-00500702-00500827 questions but the one that's probably
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02139-00500828-00501001 the most pressing is this idea of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02140-00501002-00501241 constant compensation that Abby you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02141-00501242-00501472 brought up and I'm curious to know we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02142-00501472-00501601 have young people right now who are
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02143-00501602-00501891 advocating for minimum wage to work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02144-00501892-00502078 particularly in the True Colors troop
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02145-00502079-00502333 and in Boston that's $12 an hour right
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02146-00502334-00502622 and so through the writing process where
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02147-00502623-00502791 able to do that but once they go on tour
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02148-00502792-00503027 its hours and hours and hours of work
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02149-00503028-00503366 and it's much above what we can afford
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02150-00503367-00503672 so I'm curious know of your
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02151-00503673-00504062 organization's who is compensating young
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02152-00504063-00504225 people for their work and how you're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02153-00504226-00504872 doing that one thing that we do in art
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02154-00504873-00505025 this is with our musical theater camp
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02155-00505026-00505164 which is a little bit different to your
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02156-00505164-00505395 structure but we got a city grant I
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02157-00505396-00505650 mentioned it where it gives us support
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02158-00505651-00505802 for kids with additional needs but it
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02159-00505803-00506231 also they offer as financial means to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02160-00506232-00506585 offer scholarships and throw we might
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02161-00506586-00506916 not compensate in an hourly rate but we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02162-00506917-00507098 may offer them a scholarship to take
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02163-00507099-00507318 part in the program so that's one thing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02164-00507318-00507660 that we found successful slightly
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02165-00507660-00507831 similar we partner with after-school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02166-00507832-00508214 matters in Chicago where they pay youth
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02167-00508215-00508448 to attend our summer programs so we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02168-00508449-00508677 able to do it that way but beyond that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02169-00508678-00508947 we don't we're also struggling we don't
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02170-00508947-00509081 have the resources to be able to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02171-00509082-00509477 compensate which is a problem along the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02172-00509478-00509735 same lines our studio program is the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02173-00509736-00510033 only program that is a paid program
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02174-00510034-00510345 it's a tuition based program and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02175-00510346-00510495 offer scholarships and it's not an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02176-00510496-00510672 unlimited amount of money that we can
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02177-00510672-00510962 offer them but it's that barrier that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02178-00510963-00511112 you were talking about earlier Rachel
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02179-00511113-00511497 where this access used to be tuition
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02180-00511497-00511697 only and we didn't offer scholarships
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02181-00511698-00511908 and everyone had to audition and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02182-00511909-00512156 that's in addition to the money barrier
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02183-00512157-00512352 there was a talent barrier too and so
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02184-00512353-00512531 now we've transitioned recently what
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02185-00512532-00512712 since our department has started into a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02186-00512713-00513039 nun tons kind of experience so you can
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02187-00513039-00513216 come in with zero experience but had
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02188-00513217-00513362 that little inkling like maybe I'd like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02189-00513363-00513570 to be an actor to the person who's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02190-00513571-00513764 aspiring to move to New York one day and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02191-00513765-00513939 become a Broadway star and we want to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02192-00513939-00514097 include everybody in that in that
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02193-00514098-00514356 communication and so we do offer the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02194-00514357-00514527 scholarships and I have this wonderful
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02195-00514528-00514697 conversation with our development
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02196-00514698-00514862 department and we were talking about
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02197-00514863-00514989 scholarships and suddenly they're like
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02198-00514989-00515093 you know why don't we just make it all
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02199-00515094-00515325 free and I go oh my god and so it's not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02200-00515326-00515454 something we would have been posed upon
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02201-00515455-00515556 them because we don't want to create
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02202-00515557-00515798 more work for the departments but it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02203-00515799-00516035 so great to feel supported by the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02204-00516037-00516228 and then the other thing I wanted to add
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02205-00516229-00516483 was our artistic department has a really
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02206-00516484-00516738 robust internship program and the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02207-00516739-00516981 interns usually move on and get promoted
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02208-00516982-00517235 from within and then they begin getting
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02209-00517237-00517593 fairly compensated on a the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02210-00517593-00517716 organizational chart the way they should
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02211-00517717-00517895 be paid just like every other employee
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02212-00517896-00518130 one is going on to becoming an assistant
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02213-00518131-00518510 director another one is starting to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02214-00518512-00518700 follow the dramaturg and so it's just
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02215-00518701-00518883 it's just really nice that we're we're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02216-00518884-00519072 collecting them from within and not
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02217-00519072-00519222 going from without to show that loyalty
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02218-00519222-00519491 to them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02219-00519492-00519864 we do have a Teen Employment Program at
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02220-00519864-00520146 my organization and so and it is a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02221-00520147-00520404 minimum wage which is $15 in New York
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02222-00520405-00520695 City you know and so they are our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02223-00520696-00520897 after-school receptionists our Usher's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02224-00520899-00521259 and homework helpers just support the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02225-00521260-00521595 younger we do after-school homework help
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02226-00521596-00521709 every day after school we do have an
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02227-00521710-00521874 education department and some of our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02228-00521875-00522027 teens are homework helpers and help some
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02229-00522028-00522233 of the younger kids with their homework
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02230-00522234-00522657 and then in every theatre arts program
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02231-00522658-00522845 that we have we also have a teen
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02232-00522846-00523113 employee assistant who participates in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02233-00523114-00523242 the program perhaps they have done it a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02234-00523243-00523476 few years before and they act as a class
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02235-00523477-00523671 assistant to the teaching artist and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02236-00523672-00523854 they will be compensated for that so we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02237-00523855-00524259 try and find different ways to give them
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02238-00524260-00524406 opportunity to want to be responsible
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02239-00524407-00524586 and have a job and to and to compensate
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02240-00524587-00524811 them but with our when they're
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02241-00524812-00525099 performing or for the most part it it's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02242-00525100-00525249 tricky it's tricky to pay them and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02243-00525250-00525411 luckily all of our programming is free
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02244-00525412-00525690 but for them but and our shows are free
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02245-00525691-00526035 to attend but it's a it's something we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02246-00526036-00526371 always think about yeah correct me if
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02247-00526372-00526524 I'm wrong when when I was a part of the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02248-00526525-00526668 council I'm not sure there was there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02249-00526669-00526851 wasn't a specific competition for being
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02250-00526852-00527016 a part of the council but kind of as you
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02251-00527017-00527139 mentioned like opportunities within the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02252-00527140-00527334 companies so like an after-school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02253-00527335-00527481 program you could be like an assistant
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02254-00527482-00527691 or teaching artist like I mentioned
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02255-00527692-00527963 working at the gala that was a stipend
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02256-00527964-00528261 so mostly stipend based when I was there
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02257-00528262-00528764 but
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02258-00528765-00528984 we try to incorporate that into our
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02259-00528985-00529167 grant writing so if we're writing a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02260-00529168-00529377 program a grant for a program
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02261-00529378-00529662 specifically then we incorporate either
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02262-00529663-00529911 if it's stipend base or an hourly wage
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02263-00529912-00530280 for teens we also find the city partners
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02264-00530281-00530424 in Milwaukee Public Schools in
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02265-00530425-00530619 particular has teen internship programs
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02266-00530620-00530892 particularly in the summer which is a B
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02267-00530893-00531108 was a summer arts intern and was paid
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02268-00531109-00531381 through us but it was we were reimbursed
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02269-00531382-00531615 by the Milwaukee Public School System to
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02270-00531616-00531969 be able to do a paid teen internship we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02271-00531970-00532185 also have a program a professional
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02272-00532186-00532556 training institute where teens have free
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02273-00532557-00532860 master classes throughout the school
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02274-00532861-00533028 year and then it culminates in the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02275-00533029-00533268 summer with a full production where we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02276-00533269-00533492 are paying those actors as paid actors
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02277-00533493-00533805 part of that now is is paid for through
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02278-00533806-00534033 that Milwaukee Public Schools arts
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02279-00534034-00534255 internship program but also we raise a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02280-00534256-00534510 ton of money at our gala and we have a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02281-00534511-00534645 earmarked in a separate fund
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02282-00534646-00534798 specifically for engagement in education
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02283-00534799-00535071 programming and we use we allocate some
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02284-00535072-00535347 of that fund to pay those interns and we
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02285-00535348-00535467 know that we're gonna have to replenish
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02286-00535468-00535686 that fund with additional fund raisers
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02287-00535687-00535878 but that program is not covered by a
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02288-00535879-00536691 grant we're pretty much at time unless
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02289-00536692-00537057 there is one last burning question I'm
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02290-00537058-00537288 gonna say this has been amazing
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02291-00537289-00537498 talk about putting kids at the center of
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02292-00537499-00537692 our organizations and empowerment
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02293-00537693-00537963 empowering them to make decisions and
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02294-00537964-00538176 giving them opportunity to use their
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02295-00538177-00538362 voice and grow into their voice please
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02296-00538363-00538980 thank the panel with me
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02297-00538981-00539320 and can engage with our teens there's 12
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02298-00539321-00539524 of them Alliance Berkeley a rap center
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02299-00539525-00539683 theater group in Milwaukee rep well I'll
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02300-00539684-00539833 have teens and they are doing the
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02301-00539834-00540115 session tomorrow you see what o'clock
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02302-00540116-00540526 tomorrow wonderful that's great on
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02303-00540527-00540736 leadership there you go so learn wonder
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02304-00540737-00540916 nun I love that that it's actually
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02305-00540917-00541060 incorporated into the conference proper
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02306-00541061-00541306 we are on a 15-minute break we are going
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02307-00541307-00541534 to start back here again promptly at 12
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02308-00541535-00541693 o'clock we're having a bit of a later
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02309-00541694-00541909 lunch so this is just a quick there's
Qwr1i7rRkoo-02310-00541910-00542245 still a snack there use the red
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Qx2sqaFa-UM-00127-00127855-00128030 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00128-00128031-00129263 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00129-00129264-00130911 sheesh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00130-00130913-00131807 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00131-00131808-00132414 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00132-00132415-00132540 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00133-00132541-00134887 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00134-00134888-00135232 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00135-00135233-00136407 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00136-00136408-00138327 okay
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00137-00138328-00139311 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00138-00139312-00140139 okay
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00139-00140140-00140478 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00140-00140479-00141037 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00141-00141038-00142359 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00142-00142360-00142636 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00143-00142637-00143063 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00144-00143064-00144119 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00145-00144120-00145223 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00146-00145224-00145330 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00147-00145331-00146440 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00148-00146441-00147341 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00149-00147342-00148511 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00150-00148512-00150759 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00151-00150760-00152592 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00152-00152593-00153166 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00153-00153167-00153796 shhh
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00154-00153797-00154522 [Music]
Qx2sqaFa-UM-00156-00162032-00162240 you
QyQpvzPHkag-00000-00000000-00000642 [Music]
QyQpvzPHkag-00001-00000643-00001174 [Music]
QyQpvzPHkag-00002-00001175-00001535 hello and welcome to the episode 197
QyQpvzPHkag-00003-00001536-00001967 what a fab day i am your host simon mas
QyQpvzPHkag-00004-00001968-00002279 a massive studio recording for bbc a
QyQpvzPHkag-00005-00002280-00002558 friend saying goodbye and more work on
QyQpvzPHkag-00006-00002559-00002831 two harrison originals will be the focus
QyQpvzPHkag-00007-00002832-00003110 of today's episode
QyQpvzPHkag-00008-00003111-00003367 let's start with some very early day
QyQpvzPHkag-00009-00003368-00003775 action first on the 16th of july 1960
QyQpvzPHkag-00010-00003776-00003975 the silver beetles performed at the
QyQpvzPHkag-00011-00003976-00004279 grosvenor barum in wasse for another
QyQpvzPHkag-00012-00004280-00004527 show arranged by their manager alan
QyQpvzPHkag-00013-00004528-00004806 williams the band featured norman
QyQpvzPHkag-00014-00004807-00005095 chapman on drums george harrison john
QyQpvzPHkag-00015-00005096-00005383 lennon and paul mccartney on guitar and
QyQpvzPHkag-00016-00005384-00005815 boyce and stu sue cliff on base
QyQpvzPHkag-00017-00005816-00006199 one year later in 1961 the beatles now
QyQpvzPHkag-00018-00006200-00006503 with pollen base and pete best on drums
QyQpvzPHkag-00019-00006504-00006751 performed the first of three sunday
QyQpvzPHkag-00020-00006752-00006975 night events organized by peak
QyQpvzPHkag-00021-00006976-00007239 promotions at the blair hall in
QyQpvzPHkag-00022-00007240-00007431 liverpool
QyQpvzPHkag-00023-00007431-00007655 the same lineup of the band was busy
QyQpvzPHkag-00024-00007656-00007991 with a double feature in 1962 performing
QyQpvzPHkag-00025-00007992-00008191 the usual lunchtime concert at the
QyQpvzPHkag-00026-00008192-00008487 cavern club in liverpool plus an evening
QyQpvzPHkag-00027-00008488-00008742 gig at the plaza ballroom in saint
QyQpvzPHkag-00028-00008743-00008959 helens
QyQpvzPHkag-00029-00008960-00009083 big day
QyQpvzPHkag-00030-00009084-00009255 1963
QyQpvzPHkag-00031-00009256-00009495 not being able to make it for first
QyQpvzPHkag-00032-00009496-00009751 planned session at the scheduled time of
QyQpvzPHkag-00033-00009752-00010063 10 30 am the beatles decided to cram the
QyQpvzPHkag-00034-00010064-00010359 recording sessions of bbc radio show pop
QyQpvzPHkag-00035-00010360-00010823 go the beatles between 3 and 10 30 p.m
QyQpvzPHkag-00036-00010824-00011238 show 8 9 and 10 when then recorded today
QyQpvzPHkag-00037-00011239-00011599 at the bbc paris studio in london
QyQpvzPHkag-00038-00011600-00011974 the band recorded 18 songs pretty much
QyQpvzPHkag-00039-00011975-00012310 all one take only taping their usual
QyQpvzPHkag-00040-00012311-00012631 upbeat banter for each show on top of
QyQpvzPHkag-00041-00012632-00012735 that
QyQpvzPHkag-00042-00012736-00013007 even just saying it i mean no by the
QyQpvzPHkag-00043-00013008-00013151 feet
QyQpvzPHkag-00044-00013152-00013391 the three shows were broadcast on the
QyQpvzPHkag-00045-00013391-00013719 6th the 13th and on the 20th of august
QyQpvzPHkag-00046-00013719-00014183 respectively all between 5 and 5 29 pm
QyQpvzPHkag-00047-00014184-00014455 the guests wear the swinging blue jeans
QyQpvzPHkag-00048-00014456-00014775 for show eight the hollies for show nine
QyQpvzPHkag-00049-00014776-00015055 and ross senti and the new notes for
QyQpvzPHkag-00050-00015056-00015222 show ten
QyQpvzPHkag-00051-00015223-00015463 the beatles performed i'm gonna sit
QyQpvzPHkag-00052-00015463-00015727 right down and cry over you
QyQpvzPHkag-00053-00015728-00016135 crying waiting hoping kansas city hey
QyQpvzPHkag-00054-00016136-00016494 hey hey to know her is to love her the
QyQpvzPHkag-00055-00016495-00016767 honeymoon song and twist and shout for
QyQpvzPHkag-00056-00016768-00016903 show eight
QyQpvzPHkag-00057-00016904-00017222 long told sally please please me she
QyQpvzPHkag-00058-00017223-00017535 loves you you really got a hold on me
QyQpvzPHkag-00059-00017536-00017814 i'll get you and i got a woman for show
QyQpvzPHkag-00060-00017815-00017911 nine
QyQpvzPHkag-00061-00017912-00018255 and words of love glad all over i just
QyQpvzPHkag-00062-00018256-00018527 don't understand there's a devil in her
QyQpvzPHkag-00063-00018528-00018879 heart and slow down for show 10 which
QyQpvzPHkag-00064-00018880-00019230 also included a re-airing of show nines
QyQpvzPHkag-00065-00019231-00019447 she loves you
QyQpvzPHkag-00066-00019448-00019775 on the 16th of july 1968
QyQpvzPHkag-00067-00019776-00020014 we find the beatles busy with another
QyQpvzPHkag-00068-00020015-00020191 recording session
QyQpvzPHkag-00069-00020192-00020503 this time working at the emi studios
QyQpvzPHkag-00070-00020504-00020855 between 4 p.m and 2 a.m the fab 4
QyQpvzPHkag-00071-00020856-00021127 recorded 10 takes of the rhythm track of
QyQpvzPHkag-00072-00021128-00021511 cry baby cry a song they had rehearsed
QyQpvzPHkag-00073-00021512-00021878 for six hours on the previous day
QyQpvzPHkag-00074-00021879-00022183 after the basic track was down and after
QyQpvzPHkag-00075-00022184-00022503 two reduction mixes a harmonium played
QyQpvzPHkag-00076-00022504-00022799 by producer george martin and a piano
QyQpvzPHkag-00077-00022800-00023071 played by john lennon were over dubbed
QyQpvzPHkag-00078-00023072-00023263 on the final result
QyQpvzPHkag-00079-00023264-00023478 the session was remarkable for another
QyQpvzPHkag-00080-00023479-00023791 reason though it was today that engineer
QyQpvzPHkag-00081-00023792-00024071 and long-time collaborator jeff famerick
QyQpvzPHkag-00082-00024072-00024311 decided to stop working with the beatles
QyQpvzPHkag-00083-00024312-00024542 for the time being
QyQpvzPHkag-00084-00024543-00024814 funny but i can't stop reminding you to
QyQpvzPHkag-00085-00024815-00025094 share this podcast with your friends
QyQpvzPHkag-00086-00025095-00025358 help me to gather a bigger community of
QyQpvzPHkag-00087-00025359-00025655 music lovers that might enjoy my music
QyQpvzPHkag-00088-00025656-00025934 rated content the way you do
QyQpvzPHkag-00089-00025935-00026118 it takes a second
QyQpvzPHkag-00090-00026119-00026414 but if you have a bit more time to kill
QyQpvzPHkag-00091-00026416-00026870 please head to www.simonmass.org
QyQpvzPHkag-00092-00026872-00027255 support to see what more can be done
QyQpvzPHkag-00093-00027256-00027590 thank you for being fab and bear with me
QyQpvzPHkag-00094-00027591-00027831 once again
QyQpvzPHkag-00095-00027832-00028031 let's close the episode with another
QyQpvzPHkag-00096-00028032-00028374 double studio session in 1969
QyQpvzPHkag-00097-00028375-00028670 working again in abbey road studio 3
QyQpvzPHkag-00098-00028672-00029118 from 2 30 to 7 p.m and studio 2
QyQpvzPHkag-00099-00029119-00029518 from 7 p.m to 12 30 am the beatles over
QyQpvzPHkag-00100-00029519-00029814 dubbed hand claps and harmonium on take
QyQpvzPHkag-00101-00029816-00030207 15 up here comes the sun and lead vocals
QyQpvzPHkag-00102-00030208-00030479 backing vocals and hand clapping on
QyQpvzPHkag-00103-00030480-00030783 something scrapping a reduction mix of
QyQpvzPHkag-00104-00030783-00031014 the track previously completed on the
QyQpvzPHkag-00105-00031016-00031343 11th of july and producing two more such
QyQpvzPHkag-00106-00031344-00031614 mixes to allow for new recordings to be
QyQpvzPHkag-00107-00031616-00031862 done today and for the orchestral
QyQpvzPHkag-00108-00031863-00032127 overdubs for which george martin was
QyQpvzPHkag-00109-00032127-00032351 preparing the score
QyQpvzPHkag-00110-00032352-00032614 both sessions were produced by glenn
QyQpvzPHkag-00111-00032616-00033007 jones and both soda beatles still orphan
QyQpvzPHkag-00112-00033008-00033262 of john lennon
QyQpvzPHkag-00113-00033263-00033551 this leaves me with a task to introduce
QyQpvzPHkag-00114-00033552-00033783 tomorrow's episode which will feature
QyQpvzPHkag-00115-00033784-00034015 the world premiere of the yellow
QyQpvzPHkag-00116-00034016-00034190 submarine film
QyQpvzPHkag-00117-00034191-00034518 tune in for that and more stories about
QyQpvzPHkag-00118-00034519-00034687 the four you love
QyQpvzPHkag-00119-00034688-00034974 for the moment i wish you a good day and
QyQpvzPHkag-00120-00034975-00035347 a fab continuation
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00000-00000295-00000827 [Music]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00001-00000827-00000991 [Music]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00002-00000992-00001174 what's happening people and welcome to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00003-00001175-00001358 our podcast where we step outside the
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00004-00001359-00001599 box and talk about atypical topics from
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00005-00001600-00001823 growing minds i'm benjamin and i'm
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00006-00001823-00002079 rainey and we are your hosts welcome to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00007-00002080-00002318 our show now let's shoot the [__]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00008-00002319-00002550 i'm crossing your highlight obviously
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00009-00002551-00002702 but
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00010-00002703-00002934 it's just like it's gonna start little
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00011-00002935-00003095 but you know it's the little things for
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00012-00003096-00003222 me
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00013-00003223-00003470 because i feel like that's gonna lead me
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00014-00003471-00003767 to the greater things
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00015-00003768-00003983 you know
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00016-00003984-00004127 i just
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00017-00004128-00004367 we've been doing the podcast and i mean
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00018-00004368-00004511 obviously because
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00019-00004512-00004711 it was my idea to change the title to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00020-00004712-00004831 that
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00021-00004832-00005111 because i want to enjoy my anarchy
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00022-00005112-00005470 anarchy is a natural state of mind
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00023-00005471-00005663 it's uncovering all the layers of
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00024-00005664-00005847 indoctrination
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00025-00005848-00006063 into
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00026-00006064-00006454 just very simple human ideals you know
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00027-00006455-00006670 certainly anarchists
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00028-00006672-00006887 are the most simple-minded
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00029-00006888-00007134 but like in a good way
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00030-00007136-00007287 yeah we're not thinking about credit
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00031-00007288-00007446 scores it's original
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00032-00007447-00007719 yeah yeah yeah exactly so simple it like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00033-00007720-00007934 takes us back to like being the original
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00034-00007936-00008070 people
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00035-00008072-00008431 you know really pure pure apart and [__]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00036-00008432-00008687 like that's how i feel about anarchists
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00037-00008688-00008951 most of them are pure apart
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00038-00008952-00009199 they understand it and they treat people
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00039-00009200-00009374 like people
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00040-00009375-00009503 they're just kind of fed up with the
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00041-00009504-00009742 system yeah exactly because they just
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00042-00009743-00009991 don't want a system in the first place
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00043-00009992-00010342 so that's how i feel i feel like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00044-00010343-00010542 i want everything and anything to do
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00045-00010543-00010774 with anarchism
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00046-00010775-00011006 me too i want to support it in any way i
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00047-00011007-00011335 can but i also i'm like you that's what
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00048-00011336-00011574 it is that's what's going on
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00049-00011575-00011878 my throat chakra is aligning
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00050-00011879-00012046 so like at the
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00051-00012047-00012303 why why do you say that because like at
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00052-00012304-00012535 the concert how i just spark up
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00053-00012536-00012767 conversations with people then i go to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00054-00012768-00013030 the bathroom and i talk to girls like in
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00055-00013031-00013271 the line about how ridiculous it is you
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00056-00013272-00013551 know i'm just outspoken
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00057-00013552-00013847 your throat chakra works on like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00058-00013847-00014015 speaking your truth
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00059-00014016-00014215 and like being outspoken about what you
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00060-00014216-00014486 want or who you are or just saying what
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00061-00014487-00014686 you mean and what's on your mind kind of
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00062-00014687-00014935 thing
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00063-00014936-00015255 okay so i feel like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00064-00015256-00015483 i've been talking a lot
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00065-00015484-00015743 more being a little more confident i
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00066-00015744-00015983 guess in myself
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00067-00015984-00016358 and that's why i want to get pulled over
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00068-00016359-00016647 do i confidently want to express my
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00069-00016648-00016847 beliefs
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00070-00016848-00017079 i want to express my you confidently you
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00071-00017080-00017247 should be able to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00072-00017248-00017350 yeah
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00073-00017351-00017639 i feel can i back you no i know but i
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00074-00017640-00018150 just want to you know i'm like ready
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00075-00018151-00018647 i'm ready to not say a word
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00076-00018648-00018911 you're ready to not say a word yeah
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00077-00018912-00019071 what do you mean by that i'm ready to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00078-00019072-00019311 get pulled over and i'm not saying
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00079-00019312-00019591 oh oh yeah yeah so that's just complete
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00080-00019592-00019871 the fit yeah well you have to say that
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00081-00019872-00020055 if you're not going to talk that's one
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00082-00020056-00020294 thing yeah that's one thing or you can
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00083-00020295-00020550 write it on paper and say i'm a mew or i
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00084-00020551-00020663 can't hear
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00085-00020664-00020871 yeah i don't know why i'm sure like that
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00086-00020872-00021150 that's not quite a bell for me
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00087-00021151-00021439 it's a gray area yeah well i want to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00088-00021440-00021583 rebel
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00089-00021584-00021839 i want to because yeah you
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00090-00021840-00022030 in order to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00091-00022031-00022247 for it to be legal
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00092-00022248-00022543 you have to express that you are
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00093-00022544-00022727 invoking your right
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00094-00022728-00022814 to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00095-00022815-00022967 stay silent
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00096-00022968-00023127 you don't have to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00097-00023128-00023303 no
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00098-00023304-00023511 it's up to them to violate you right or
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00099-00023512-00023678 not
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00100-00023679-00023903 i mean it's whether they're a good cop
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00101-00023904-00024078 or not and you know what i mean
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00102-00024079-00024271 whether they know their job but you're
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00103-00024272-00024535 not they do that yeah
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00104-00024536-00024686 so yeah
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00105-00024687-00024807 i've been feeling
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00106-00024808-00025103 i've just kind of felt like full of like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00107-00025104-00025319 actual life
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00108-00025320-00025542 you know what it is
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00109-00025543-00025758 i said that twice now because i just i'm
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00110-00025760-00026031 hiding i keep having these epiphanies
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00111-00026032-00026231 i started reading
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00112-00026232-00026599 i started becoming inspired
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00113-00026600-00026695 like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00114-00026695-00026895 living the lives of these women who
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00115-00026895-00027095 stand up for themselves and turn the
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00116-00027095-00027351 century and [__] you know
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00117-00027352-00027735 i'm inspired
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00118-00027736-00027990 grateful for who i am the life we live
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00119-00027991-00028255 grateful to be awake enough to relate to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00120-00028256-00028567 these women
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00121-00028568-00028783 in the books they always have
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00122-00028783-00029399 the man who's by your side
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00123-00029400-00029511 the man
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00124-00029512-00029758 who's fireside yeah
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00125-00029760-00029935 prince charles
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00126-00029936-00030270 no no i don't it's never prince charles
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00127-00030272-00030655 no i what are you talking about
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00128-00030656-00031046 the books i read are historical fiction
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00129-00031047-00031143 um
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00130-00031144-00031358 they are mainly of
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00131-00031360-00031543 women going through like the turn of the
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00132-00031544-00031783 century being told what to do
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00133-00031783-00031999 and like outcasting from it you know
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00134-00032000-00032118 rebelling
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00135-00032119-00032318 but they're all like 30 year old woman
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00136-00032319-00032567 it's just
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00137-00032568-00032967 and the men they find are always like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00138-00032968-00033199 the one you wouldn't pick you know like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00139-00033200-00033455 the hard working man
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00140-00033456-00033683 the tradesmen [__] like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00141-00033684-00033967 that so it's just
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00142-00033968-00034072 really cool
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00143-00034073-00034279 [Music]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00144-00034280-00034502 i always see my life as an adventure
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00145-00034503-00034639 again
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00146-00034640-00035023 okay you see yourself as like a pirate
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00147-00035024-00035495 like a gypsy no i see myself as rainy i
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00148-00035496-00035767 just see it in clear eyes i don't see my
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00149-00035768-00036055 life like a movie like i don't i'm not
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00150-00036056-00036374 going to see myself
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00151-00036375-00036599 appreciating what i know think thanks
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00152-00036600-00036871 come from
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00153-00036872-00037062 movies
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00154-00037063-00037230 and i just love you i'm sorry for
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00155-00037231-00037359 ranting
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00156-00037360-00037599 it's okay i love you so much too
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00157-00037600-00037895 and i love the bravo's like [__]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00158-00037896-00038046 full-blown
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00159-00038047-00038318 what is that called a koala bearing
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00160-00038319-00038511 right now yeah but he's just trying to
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00161-00038512-00038799 play
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00162-00038800-00039007 he's got all fours right there on one
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00163-00039008-00040687 limb
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00164-00040688-00040935 all right i should let you know then
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00165-00040936-00041118 what i've been recording for a few
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00166-00041119-00041223 minutes
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00167-00041224-00041318 why
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00168-00041319-00041662 just for random behind the scenes [__]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00169-00041663-00041943 how long has it been it's been
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00170-00041944-00042662 seven minutes
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00171-00042663-00042935 yeah exactly like this is as really good
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00172-00042936-00043087 as it is
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00173-00043088-00043439 exactly this [__] is wrong we don't [__]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00174-00043440-00043958 around this is how we are all the time
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00175-00043959-00044358 she's all blown away yeah
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00176-00044359-00044502 i don't know whether they're being mad
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00177-00044503-00044617 or like
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00178-00044618-00044746 [Applause]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00179-00044747-00045135 uh it don't even
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00180-00045136-00045311 we'll decide together whether we put
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00181-00045312-00045548 this out so the people will know
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00182-00045549-00045815 [Laughter]
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00183-00045816-00045999 all right thank you everybody
Q_MkMzSz4GU-00184-00046000-00046300 peace
QBv8hjGDptI-00000-00000078-00000293 uh still good morning uh good morning
QBv8hjGDptI-00001-00000294-00000719 everyone uh that was a wonderful start
QBv8hjGDptI-00002-00000720-00000893 um by the way
QBv8hjGDptI-00003-00000894-00001091 um I'm the deputy head of biomedical
QBv8hjGDptI-00004-00001092-00001378 engineering this is my first official
QBv8hjGDptI-00005-00001379-00001925 external Duty as the Deputy head
QBv8hjGDptI-00006-00001926-00002141 thank you for the trust from the
QBv8hjGDptI-00007-00002142-00002410 department and the Dean's office this
QBv8hjGDptI-00008-00002411-00002692 wonderful event made me think uh sort of
QBv8hjGDptI-00009-00002693-00003245 remind me what I did in 2000 in 2015. so
QBv8hjGDptI-00010-00003246-00003551 many thanks to the Dean's office it's
QBv8hjGDptI-00011-00003552-00003736 really wonderful to celebrate the
QBv8hjGDptI-00012-00003738-00003977 accomplishments of our associate
QBv8hjGDptI-00013-00003978-00004159 professors
QBv8hjGDptI-00014-00004160-00004504 it's my great pleasure to introduce to
QBv8hjGDptI-00015-00004505-00004585 you
QBv8hjGDptI-00016-00004586-00004969 Dr Joseph rospali
QBv8hjGDptI-00017-00004970-00005459 he joined Purdue BME in 2015 after
QBv8hjGDptI-00018-00005460-00005843 getting a PhD degree from biomedical
QBv8hjGDptI-00019-00005844-00006115 engineering at the Texas A M University
QBv8hjGDptI-00020-00006116-00006445 but his footsteps have been everywhere
QBv8hjGDptI-00021-00006445-00006784 in continental U.S and elsewhere and I'm
QBv8hjGDptI-00022-00006786-00006934 sure he's going to talk about his
QBv8hjGDptI-00023-00006936-00007187 excitements throughout his uh his his
QBv8hjGDptI-00024-00007188-00007367 growth
QBv8hjGDptI-00025-00007368-00007606 um he's got some really good research
QBv8hjGDptI-00026-00007608-00007883 collaborations with top-notch medical
QBv8hjGDptI-00027-00007884-00008159 schools including the University of
QBv8hjGDptI-00028-00008159-00008251 Texas
QBv8hjGDptI-00029-00008252-00008428 Southwestern Medical School the
QBv8hjGDptI-00030-00008429-00008573 University of Pittsburgh medical center
QBv8hjGDptI-00031-00008574-00008824 IU School medicine and the University of
QBv8hjGDptI-00032-00008825-00009010 Virginia school of medicine
QBv8hjGDptI-00033-00009011-00009257 and also he's got really really good
QBv8hjGDptI-00034-00009258-00009545 collaboration with GE Healthcare as you
QBv8hjGDptI-00035-00009546-00009821 know this is really hard for a assistant
QBv8hjGDptI-00036-00009822-00010006 associate professor
QBv8hjGDptI-00037-00010007-00010378 so what he has been doing he's focused
QBv8hjGDptI-00038-00010379-00010678 on electromagnetic modeling and radio
QBv8hjGDptI-00039-00010679-00011027 frequency coil design for MRI for
QBv8hjGDptI-00040-00011028-00011410 magnetic Renaissance Imaging so you see
QBv8hjGDptI-00041-00011411-00011699 these uh Capital Equipment in many
QBv8hjGDptI-00042-00011700-00012035 hospitals and he's really improving the
QBv8hjGDptI-00043-00012036-00012341 coil design of those machines so really
QBv8hjGDptI-00044-00012342-00012773 big deal he's designed over 30 coils for
QBv8hjGDptI-00045-00012774-00013072 3T and 70 MRI
QBv8hjGDptI-00046-00013073-00013385 and um he has got a lot of awards at
QBv8hjGDptI-00047-00013386-00013816 Purdue including uh the impact faculty
QBv8hjGDptI-00048-00013818-00014027 fellow this is for undergraduate course
QBv8hjGDptI-00049-00014028-00014303 transformation so Joseph has been really
QBv8hjGDptI-00050-00014304-00014501 really a front runner in the department
QBv8hjGDptI-00051-00014502-00014891 on undergraduate education
QBv8hjGDptI-00052-00014891-00015130 um he's also got uh teaching Awards
QBv8hjGDptI-00053-00015131-00015413 Willis a Tucker prize for outstanding
QBv8hjGDptI-00054-00015413-00015647 teaching in biomedical engineering and
QBv8hjGDptI-00055-00015647-00015922 mentoring so basically he has been
QBv8hjGDptI-00056-00015923-00016121 really a front runner in terms of
QBv8hjGDptI-00057-00016122-00016343 undergraduate teaching graduate
QBv8hjGDptI-00058-00016344-00016547 mentoring
QBv8hjGDptI-00059-00016548-00016877 um so uh without further Ado and let me
QBv8hjGDptI-00060-00016878-00017122 just present to you Dr Joseph Russ
QBv8hjGDptI-00061-00017123-00017327 Paulie
QBv8hjGDptI-00062-00017328-00017663 foreign
QBv8hjGDptI-00063-00017664-00017807 thank you
QBv8hjGDptI-00064-00017808-00018029 thank you very much Nan I appreciate it
QBv8hjGDptI-00065-00018030-00018299 I'm honored to be your first official
QBv8hjGDptI-00066-00018300-00018697 engagement as our uh our interim head
QBv8hjGDptI-00067-00018698-00018953 also I want to thank the college for
QBv8hjGDptI-00068-00018954-00019103 putting on this series it's been many
QBv8hjGDptI-00069-00019104-00019355 years that's been doing so and the
QBv8hjGDptI-00070-00019356-00019583 tenure track is a grueling long
QBv8hjGDptI-00071-00019584-00019936 experience it could be a marathon just
QBv8hjGDptI-00072-00019937-00020122 like a PhD program with ups and downs
QBv8hjGDptI-00073-00020123-00020243 and it's wonderful to celebrate
QBv8hjGDptI-00074-00020244-00020572 successes and to share perhaps some
QBv8hjGDptI-00075-00020573-00020741 lessons learned along the way for for
QBv8hjGDptI-00076-00020742-00021064 our colleagues so thank you very much 10
QBv8hjGDptI-00077-00021065-00021305 minutes is not a very long time to go
QBv8hjGDptI-00078-00021306-00021514 through uh you know what I'd love to to
QBv8hjGDptI-00079-00021515-00021767 share with you I could do a few Power
QBv8hjGDptI-00080-00021768-00022067 hours easily but I think that's you know
QBv8hjGDptI-00081-00022068-00022264 what draw people like me to the
QBv8hjGDptI-00082-00022265-00022457 profession uh standing in front of a
QBv8hjGDptI-00083-00022458-00022697 captive audience so I'll just start with
QBv8hjGDptI-00084-00022698-00022900 some of my background the places I've
QBv8hjGDptI-00085-00022901-00023147 lived could be seen on this part of the
QBv8hjGDptI-00086-00023148-00023464 globe uh when I was young I moved around
QBv8hjGDptI-00087-00023465-00023711 several locations on the the East Coast
QBv8hjGDptI-00088-00023712-00023993 the Mid-Atlantic region my father was in
QBv8hjGDptI-00089-00023994-00024233 the Navy so every two or three years we
QBv8hjGDptI-00090-00024234-00024378 packed up and moved somewhere new
QBv8hjGDptI-00091-00024379-00024677 usually it was somewhere in in Virginia
QBv8hjGDptI-00092-00024678-00024900 or Maryland there were highlights there
QBv8hjGDptI-00093-00024901-00025277 actually lived on Camp David from 1983
QBv8hjGDptI-00094-00025278-00025643 to 85 during the Reagan presidency and
QBv8hjGDptI-00095-00025644-00026075 of course many military bases but the
QBv8hjGDptI-00096-00026076-00026285 formative years I'd say started when I
QBv8hjGDptI-00097-00026286-00026483 was 10 and my father was assigned to
QBv8hjGDptI-00098-00026483-00026585 Pearl Harbor
QBv8hjGDptI-00099-00026586-00026795 and I was lucky enough that after that
QBv8hjGDptI-00100-00026795-00026981 assignment he retired and found a
QBv8hjGDptI-00101-00026982-00027233 civilian job out there so much of my
QBv8hjGDptI-00102-00027233-00027401 upbringing was in Hawaii if you've been
QBv8hjGDptI-00103-00027402-00027677 out to Oahu Hanauma Bay is a popular
QBv8hjGDptI-00104-00027677-00027851 snorkeling spot on the east side of the
QBv8hjGDptI-00105-00027852-00028061 island near Cocoa head our house was
QBv8hjGDptI-00106-00028062-00028240 maybe a couple miles from there it was
QBv8hjGDptI-00107-00028241-00028505 just idyllic beautiful Society
QBv8hjGDptI-00108-00028506-00028690 Multicultural just loved everything
QBv8hjGDptI-00109-00028691-00028937 about it but very expensive to live
QBv8hjGDptI-00110-00028938-00029220 and uh you know when the time came to
QBv8hjGDptI-00111-00029222-00029446 graduate I ended up leaving but
QBv8hjGDptI-00112-00029447-00029640 meanwhile while I was there
QBv8hjGDptI-00113-00029641-00029987 I was very interested in computers I was
QBv8hjGDptI-00114-00029988-00030124 building computers for family and
QBv8hjGDptI-00115-00030125-00030274 friends at the time it was buying
QBv8hjGDptI-00116-00030275-00030449 different components and motherboards
QBv8hjGDptI-00117-00030450-00030593 and putting it all together
QBv8hjGDptI-00118-00030594-00030868 I was writing code in Pascal and writing
QBv8hjGDptI-00119-00030869-00031249 early web pages just in raw HTML for for
QBv8hjGDptI-00120-00031250-00031505 companies as well as personal interests
QBv8hjGDptI-00121-00031506-00031661 and that was the webmaster at our our
QBv8hjGDptI-00122-00031662-00031757 high school
QBv8hjGDptI-00123-00031758-00031907 so I knew I wanted to do something to do
QBv8hjGDptI-00124-00031908-00032074 with computers but I was also fascinated
QBv8hjGDptI-00125-00032075-00032296 by electrical engineering in general
QBv8hjGDptI-00126-00032297-00032524 so I chose to go to the University of
QBv8hjGDptI-00127-00032525-00032687 Virginia since I had lived in Virginia
QBv8hjGDptI-00128-00032688-00032896 before and I I was able to get in-state
QBv8hjGDptI-00129-00032897-00033023 tuition in my third and fourth years
QBv8hjGDptI-00130-00033024-00033335 because of that history there I double
QBv8hjGDptI-00131-00033336-00033515 majored in electrical engineering and
QBv8hjGDptI-00132-00033516-00033677 computer engineering they were separate
QBv8hjGDptI-00133-00033678-00033905 programs at the time and ended up
QBv8hjGDptI-00134-00033906-00034133 writing two undergraduate Theses one for
QBv8hjGDptI-00135-00034134-00034373 engineering and one for a minor in
QBv8hjGDptI-00136-00034374-00034529 Chinese history
QBv8hjGDptI-00137-00034530-00034823 um so at a time I was a one of the few
QBv8hjGDptI-00138-00034824-00035068 people that that could speak at length
QBv8hjGDptI-00139-00035069-00035352 about the the policing of the British
QBv8hjGDptI-00140-00035353-00035662 Administration in Shanghai in the latter
QBv8hjGDptI-00141-00035663-00035927 19th century it was quite an interesting
QBv8hjGDptI-00142-00035928-00036143 topic on the side of my engineering
QBv8hjGDptI-00143-00036144-00036287 courses
QBv8hjGDptI-00144-00036288-00036599 but upon graduation I never honestly
QBv8hjGDptI-00145-00036600-00036755 gave you know much thought about
QBv8hjGDptI-00146-00036756-00036971 graduate school I had worked with
QBv8hjGDptI-00147-00036972-00037174 talented Tas but I really was interested
QBv8hjGDptI-00148-00037175-00037427 in getting a job making some money
QBv8hjGDptI-00149-00037428-00037793 getting out of debt Etc and there were a
QBv8hjGDptI-00150-00037794-00037918 number of companies that recruited
QBv8hjGDptI-00151-00037919-00038123 around there had offers from defense
QBv8hjGDptI-00152-00038124-00038362 contractors in the DC area but I someone
QBv8hjGDptI-00153-00038363-00038543 wanted to move west and I was intrigued
QBv8hjGDptI-00154-00038544-00038812 by a job offer at Dell computers in
QBv8hjGDptI-00155-00038813-00039077 Austin Texas so I ended up moving there
QBv8hjGDptI-00156-00039078-00039274 I lived in Austin area for eight years
QBv8hjGDptI-00157-00039275-00039515 it was a wonderful place to be in your
QBv8hjGDptI-00158-00039516-00039809 20s Austin's always changing supposedly
QBv8hjGDptI-00159-00039810-00040007 you know you're from Austin if you can
QBv8hjGDptI-00160-00040008-00040193 complain about how great Austin used to
QBv8hjGDptI-00161-00040194-00040589 be but it's still a wonderful City and I
QBv8hjGDptI-00162-00040590-00040757 ended up meeting the young woman who
QBv8hjGDptI-00163-00040758-00040907 would become my wife there
QBv8hjGDptI-00164-00040908-00041218 she was attending University of Texas at
QBv8hjGDptI-00165-00041219-00041399 Austin to get a master's degree in
QBv8hjGDptI-00166-00041400-00041543 special education
QBv8hjGDptI-00167-00041544-00041777 and then she became a school teacher at
QBv8hjGDptI-00168-00041778-00041951 the local public schools
QBv8hjGDptI-00169-00041952-00042287 and so we were married she decided a
QBv8hjGDptI-00170-00042288-00042407 couple years later that she wanted to
QBv8hjGDptI-00171-00042408-00042671 get a PhD and she went back to UT Austin
QBv8hjGDptI-00172-00042672-00043061 got a PhD and got her first academic
QBv8hjGDptI-00173-00043062-00043307 position at Texas A M University
QBv8hjGDptI-00174-00043308-00043505 and so I was still working for Dell and
QBv8hjGDptI-00175-00043506-00043739 she was starting at Texas A M and she'd
QBv8hjGDptI-00176-00043740-00043955 come home from work and talk about you
QBv8hjGDptI-00177-00043956-00044158 know all the wonderful time she had
QBv8hjGDptI-00178-00044159-00044339 mentoring students that day teaching
QBv8hjGDptI-00179-00044340-00044537 courses doing research
QBv8hjGDptI-00180-00044538-00044746 and I was driving into my job and I had
QBv8hjGDptI-00181-00044747-00044939 great colleagues there and it paid well
QBv8hjGDptI-00182-00044940-00045118 and it was there was a defined career
QBv8hjGDptI-00183-00045119-00045317 path but I realized I had an early
QBv8hjGDptI-00184-00045318-00045527 midlife crisis that I'm thankful I did
QBv8hjGDptI-00185-00045528-00045749 have because I realized I wasn't going
QBv8hjGDptI-00186-00045750-00046001 to have personal fulfillment you know
QBv8hjGDptI-00187-00046002-00046229 staying in an industry job similar to
QBv8hjGDptI-00188-00046230-00046439 Dell or the other companies in the
QBv8hjGDptI-00189-00046440-00046565 Austin area
QBv8hjGDptI-00190-00046566-00046780 so now that she was an assistant
QBv8hjGDptI-00191-00046781-00047039 professor I decided to quit and go to
QBv8hjGDptI-00192-00047040-00047237 graduate school myself and it made
QBv8hjGDptI-00193-00047238-00047458 plenty of sense to do so at Texas A M
QBv8hjGDptI-00194-00047459-00047693 University and College Station
QBv8hjGDptI-00195-00047694-00047890 I wanted to build on my electrical
QBv8hjGDptI-00196-00047891-00048101 engineering backgrounds but pivot maybe
QBv8hjGDptI-00197-00048102-00048268 to something that had to do with
QBv8hjGDptI-00198-00048269-00048430 medicine I really wanted to help people
QBv8hjGDptI-00199-00048431-00048589 more immediately
QBv8hjGDptI-00200-00048590-00048808 you could say Adele that you know you're
QBv8hjGDptI-00201-00048809-00048971 building these data center servers and
QBv8hjGDptI-00202-00048972-00049085 they're going out and doing wonderful
QBv8hjGDptI-00203-00049086-00049289 things for all sorts of applications but
QBv8hjGDptI-00204-00049290-00049408 I really wanted that more immediate
QBv8hjGDptI-00205-00049409-00049618 impact perhaps even working in a
QBv8hjGDptI-00206-00049619-00049967 hospital setting as part of my career so
QBv8hjGDptI-00207-00049968-00050171 I found a lab there that was mainly
QBv8hjGDptI-00208-00050172-00050512 electrical engineering oriented and you
QBv8hjGDptI-00209-00050513-00050621 know ended up getting into Hardware
QBv8hjGDptI-00210-00050622-00050873 design for MRI as as Nan said radio
QBv8hjGDptI-00211-00050874-00051065 frequency coil design
QBv8hjGDptI-00212-00051066-00051370 and ended up then coming to Purdue but
QBv8hjGDptI-00213-00051371-00051540 what brought me to Purdue obviously
QBv8hjGDptI-00214-00051541-00051802 tremendous International reputation for
QBv8hjGDptI-00215-00051803-00052073 excellence the other opportunities I had
QBv8hjGDptI-00216-00052074-00052373 were you know the caliber of engineering
QBv8hjGDptI-00217-00052374-00052565 students and peers and the faculty that
QBv8hjGDptI-00218-00052566-00052799 I would have didn't compare so I was
QBv8hjGDptI-00219-00052800-00053059 very excited about Purdue in that regard
QBv8hjGDptI-00220-00053060-00053332 there was a an alumnus that I also
QBv8hjGDptI-00221-00053333-00053557 admired nearly a hundred years ago
QBv8hjGDptI-00222-00053558-00053830 Edward Mills Purcell who got a double e
QBv8hjGDptI-00223-00053832-00054185 degree in 1933 and would go on to win
QBv8hjGDptI-00224-00054186-00054388 the Nobel Prize for his discovery of the
QBv8hjGDptI-00225-00054389-00054694 NMR phenomenon which led to MRI and I
QBv8hjGDptI-00226-00054695-00054919 really appreciated his his philosophical
QBv8hjGDptI-00227-00054920-00055319 view of research in his Nobel speech
QBv8hjGDptI-00228-00055320-00055559 talking about at his doorstep great
QBv8hjGDptI-00229-00055560-00055882 heaps of protons quietly processing in
QBv8hjGDptI-00230-00055883-00056141 the Earth's magnetic field in the snow
QBv8hjGDptI-00231-00056141-00056404 and and I really connected with that and
QBv8hjGDptI-00232-00056405-00056603 I'd remembered that from before I was
QBv8hjGDptI-00233-00056604-00056837 introduced to Purdue in Indiana but at
QBv8hjGDptI-00234-00056838-00057011 the time it was programming the teams
QBv8hjGDptI-00235-00057012-00057149 that were carrying out most of the
QBv8hjGDptI-00236-00057150-00057382 hiring here and for me it was the
QBv8hjGDptI-00237-00057383-00057550 engineering healthier brains preeminent
QBv8hjGDptI-00238-00057551-00057726 team that Drew me to Purdue
QBv8hjGDptI-00239-00057727-00057941 whereas I could tell you all about the
QBv8hjGDptI-00240-00057941-00058057 literature and Mr Hardware
QBv8hjGDptI-00241-00058058-00058349 electromagnetic modeling I was more
QBv8hjGDptI-00242-00058350-00058492 familiar with the engineering healthier
QBv8hjGDptI-00243-00058494-00058715 brains initiative through watching
QBv8hjGDptI-00244-00058716-00058973 Frontline and Professor Tom talavich who
QBv8hjGDptI-00245-00058974-00059303 led that team back in 2011 first you
QBv8hjGDptI-00246-00059304-00059525 know discussed the dangers of repetitive
QBv8hjGDptI-00247-00059526-00059729 head impacts through Collision Sports
QBv8hjGDptI-00248-00059729-00059938 and so I was honored to join that team
QBv8hjGDptI-00249-00059939-00060119 and work with all the colleagues Eric
QBv8hjGDptI-00250-00060120-00060382 Naman and others in that Remnant team
QBv8hjGDptI-00251-00060383-00060604 but I have to be honest Purdue also you
QBv8hjGDptI-00252-00060605-00060821 know is exceptional in their partner
QBv8hjGDptI-00253-00060822-00061054 placement program my wife not even being
QBv8hjGDptI-00254-00061055-00061288 in the College of Engineering it's not
QBv8hjGDptI-00255-00061289-00061523 common to have a program that the
QBv8hjGDptI-00256-00061524-00061673 Provost does a wonderful job here at
QBv8hjGDptI-00257-00061674-00061919 really facilitating partner placements
QBv8hjGDptI-00258-00061920-00062254 across colleges and that also played
QBv8hjGDptI-00259-00062255-00062407 into our decision
QBv8hjGDptI-00260-00062408-00062699 Purdue was in the midst of doubling down
QBv8hjGDptI-00261-00062700-00062915 and investing in MRI hardware and
QBv8hjGDptI-00262-00062916-00063119 resources here on campus about a year
QBv8hjGDptI-00263-00063120-00063353 after I came Purdue opened the MRI
QBv8hjGDptI-00264-00063354-00063616 facility with a three Tesla human
QBv8hjGDptI-00265-00063617-00063850 scanner from GE Healthcare that I'm now
QBv8hjGDptI-00266-00063851-00064054 the director of and there's a photo of
QBv8hjGDptI-00267-00064055-00064253 my group at the time at the opening
QBv8hjGDptI-00268-00064254-00064450 ceremony of the facility so very
QBv8hjGDptI-00269-00064451-00064630 exciting time to come here
QBv8hjGDptI-00270-00064632-00064847 I continued my work with Professor
QBv8hjGDptI-00271-00064848-00065135 Slavic and the neurotrauma group my
QBv8hjGDptI-00272-00065136-00065344 little area that I carved out was doing
QBv8hjGDptI-00273-00065345-00065609 Mr spectroscopy on collision Sports
QBv8hjGDptI-00274-00065610-00065926 athletes so gauging the concentration of
QBv8hjGDptI-00275-00065927-00066113 different metabolites in the brain and
QBv8hjGDptI-00276-00066114-00066371 longitudinal studies before football
QBv8hjGDptI-00277-00066372-00066665 season during and after recovery and
QBv8hjGDptI-00278-00066666-00066844 also diffusion tensor Imaging where we
QBv8hjGDptI-00279-00066845-00067003 looked at white matter Integrity
QBv8hjGDptI-00280-00067004-00067319 throughout the same time course with a
QBv8hjGDptI-00281-00067320-00067541 nice little graphic here of one of our
QBv8hjGDptI-00282-00067542-00067955 participants white matter in 3D
QBv8hjGDptI-00283-00067956-00068176 I also stuck with what I considered my
QBv8hjGDptI-00284-00068177-00068303 more bread and butter which was the
QBv8hjGDptI-00285-00068304-00068453 radio frequency coil design and
QBv8hjGDptI-00286-00068454-00068699 electromagnetic modeling for that it was
QBv8hjGDptI-00287-00068700-00068897 for ultra high field magnetic resonance
QBv8hjGDptI-00288-00068898-00069076 so I worked with different partners as
QBv8hjGDptI-00289-00069077-00069371 uh as Nan mentioned including the
QBv8hjGDptI-00290-00069372-00069581 University of Pittsburgh we had NIH
QBv8hjGDptI-00291-00069582-00069829 support for these studies where
QBv8hjGDptI-00292-00069830-00070193 succinctly to say high field MRI you can
QBv8hjGDptI-00293-00070194-00070367 no longer have a single coil that
QBv8hjGDptI-00294-00070368-00070529 transmits and excites protons in the
QBv8hjGDptI-00295-00070530-00070763 body the shorter wavelength requires
QBv8hjGDptI-00296-00070764-00070913 that you have more than one in this case
QBv8hjGDptI-00297-00070914-00071135 we have 16 independent coils or you
QBv8hjGDptI-00298-00071136-00071273 could think of them as antennas for
QBv8hjGDptI-00299-00071274-00071435 magnetic fields and they're all
QBv8hjGDptI-00300-00071436-00071644 operating independently and ideally you
QBv8hjGDptI-00301-00071645-00071843 have a nice uniform magnetic field is
QBv8hjGDptI-00302-00071844-00072131 created but in the not ideal case you
QBv8hjGDptI-00303-00072132-00072275 know MRI could act a bit like a
QBv8hjGDptI-00304-00072276-00072550 microwave and heat up tissue so really
QBv8hjGDptI-00305-00072551-00072791 this is all research only seven Tesla
QBv8hjGDptI-00306-00072792-00072971 MRI and that's because the safety
QBv8hjGDptI-00307-00072972-00073132 aspects of it have not been hammered out
QBv8hjGDptI-00308-00073133-00073288 enough and that's where a large part of
QBv8hjGDptI-00309-00073289-00073463 my research lies in performing
QBv8hjGDptI-00310-00073464-00073643 electromagnetic modeling to ensure
QBv8hjGDptI-00311-00073644-00073985 safety with parallel transmit Hardware
QBv8hjGDptI-00312-00073986-00074237 and we've also spent a good time on
QBv8hjGDptI-00313-00074238-00074405 breast MRI as well because that's
QBv8hjGDptI-00314-00074406-00074656 something I've carried through since my
QBv8hjGDptI-00315-00074657-00075082 early days as a doctoral student
QBv8hjGDptI-00316-00075083-00075238 um and then here taking advantage of our
QBv8hjGDptI-00317-00075239-00075419 three Tesla scanners we've developed a
QBv8hjGDptI-00318-00075420-00075671 class of wearable coils the initial
QBv8hjGDptI-00319-00075672-00075893 motivation indeed was for breast MRI so
QBv8hjGDptI-00320-00075894-00076156 to be able to have a wearable array of
QBv8hjGDptI-00321-00076157-00076337 coils that can provide better image
QBv8hjGDptI-00322-00076338-00076487 quality for a woman getting in breast
QBv8hjGDptI-00323-00076488-00076925 MRI which is normally done prone with a
QBv8hjGDptI-00324-00076926-00077285 very fairly uncomfortable position but
QBv8hjGDptI-00325-00077286-00077465 my My Hope was if we could do this
QBv8hjGDptI-00326-00077466-00077759 supine wearing either a stretchable
QBv8hjGDptI-00327-00077760-00077950 array similar to what you see at the
QBv8hjGDptI-00328-00077951-00078209 bottom right and these are easily
QBv8hjGDptI-00329-00078210-00078382 manufactured with conductive thread and
QBv8hjGDptI-00330-00078383-00078556 embroidery machines so I partnered with
QBv8hjGDptI-00331-00078557-00078791 GE Healthcare to evaluate some of these
QBv8hjGDptI-00332-00078792-00079000 coils including this 60 Channel array
QBv8hjGDptI-00333-00079001-00079187 that's now with their partner at
QBv8hjGDptI-00334-00079188-00079426 Stanford surgery and Radiology for
QBv8hjGDptI-00335-00079427-00079655 evaluation so very excited to continue
QBv8hjGDptI-00336-00079656-00079865 this work and this has brought me one of
QBv8hjGDptI-00337-00079866-00080105 my patent applications here at Purdue as
QBv8hjGDptI-00338-00080106-00080303 well
QBv8hjGDptI-00339-00080304-00080512 and then finally I just wanted to touch
QBv8hjGDptI-00340-00080513-00080705 on service opportunities and and that's
QBv8hjGDptI-00341-00080706-00080873 beyond you know serving in committees
QBv8hjGDptI-00342-00080874-00081137 here um one service opportunity that I
QBv8hjGDptI-00343-00081138-00081305 jumped on and I'm very glad I did was an
QBv8hjGDptI-00344-00081306-00081629 international uh working group through
QBv8hjGDptI-00345-00081630-00081785 my primary organization the
QBv8hjGDptI-00346-00081786-00081947 international Society for magnetic
QBv8hjGDptI-00347-00081948-00082144 resonance and medicine and this was a
QBv8hjGDptI-00348-00082145-00082349 three-year effort that culminated in a
QBv8hjGDptI-00349-00082350-00082655 120 page white paper with experts around
QBv8hjGDptI-00350-00082656-00082991 the globe so I was I was chairing the RF
QBv8hjGDptI-00351-00082992-00083194 safety subsection which was the largest
QBv8hjGDptI-00352-00083195-00083399 chapter of this white paper and it was
QBv8hjGDptI-00353-00083400-00083585 really a great opportunity to make
QBv8hjGDptI-00354-00083586-00083806 colleagues and friends around the globe
QBv8hjGDptI-00355-00083807-00084059 also though to manage a group of
QBv8hjGDptI-00356-00084060-00084262 different colleagues who sometimes are
QBv8hjGDptI-00357-00084263-00084532 competing in the research realm so that
QBv8hjGDptI-00358-00084533-00084817 definitely has helped my future
QBv8hjGDptI-00359-00084818-00085043 collaborative opportunities and
QBv8hjGDptI-00360-00085044-00085259 international reputation
QBv8hjGDptI-00361-00085260-00085456 but finally it all comes back to the
QBv8hjGDptI-00362-00085457-00085667 students they're countless faculty peers
QBv8hjGDptI-00363-00085668-00085906 and mentors here too many to list really
QBv8hjGDptI-00364-00085907-00086153 but as well as undergraduate students in
QBv8hjGDptI-00365-00086154-00086405 my lab I think about 30 so far but The
QBv8hjGDptI-00366-00086406-00086561 Graduate alumni for my group have gone
QBv8hjGDptI-00367-00086562-00086788 on to very prestigious post-docs I'm
QBv8hjGDptI-00368-00086789-00086962 very proud of them all and I wouldn't be
QBv8hjGDptI-00369-00086963-00087197 here without these graduates and I also
QBv8hjGDptI-00370-00087198-00087485 have a wonderful current cohort of
QBv8hjGDptI-00371-00087486-00087731 students across BME and electrical
QBv8hjGDptI-00372-00087732-00087959 engineering that I continue to work with
QBv8hjGDptI-00373-00087960-00088144 and it's really that's why we're here
QBv8hjGDptI-00374-00088145-00088438 for our students and it's just one of
QBv8hjGDptI-00375-00088439-00088571 the highlights of the job in my opinion
QBv8hjGDptI-00376-00088572-00088781 to be able to Mentor them and watch them
QBv8hjGDptI-00377-00088782-00089032 grow so I think I'm already over my 10
QBv8hjGDptI-00378-00089033-00089326 minutes as quick as that seemed thank
QBv8hjGDptI-00379-00089327-00089729 you very much
QBv8hjGDptI-00380-00089730-00090076 thank you Joseph questions I think we
QBv8hjGDptI-00381-00090077-00091068 can allow two quick questions
QBv8hjGDptI-00382-00091069-00091349 Joseph I do have a question
QBv8hjGDptI-00383-00091350-00091409 um
QBv8hjGDptI-00384-00091410-00091582 I was reading your
QBv8hjGDptI-00385-00091583-00091787 your biography
QBv8hjGDptI-00386-00091788-00092141 and different people you work with so
QBv8hjGDptI-00387-00092142-00092291 what lessons did you learn from your
QBv8hjGDptI-00388-00092292-00092585 experience chairing the RF safety
QBv8hjGDptI-00389-00092586-00092711 working group
QBv8hjGDptI-00390-00092712-00093005 that that's a good question on uh that
QBv8hjGDptI-00391-00093006-00093179 working group uh you know they're
QBv8hjGDptI-00392-00093180-00093359 experts from France Germany England
QBv8hjGDptI-00393-00093360-00093676 Korea uh and as I mentioned some of them
QBv8hjGDptI-00394-00093677-00093826 might be competing for Grants some of
QBv8hjGDptI-00395-00093827-00093988 them might have alternate approaches to
QBv8hjGDptI-00396-00093989-00094181 how they feel experimental Hardware
QBv8hjGDptI-00397-00094182-00094481 should be validated or even designed for
QBv8hjGDptI-00398-00094482-00094732 high field MRI so when I was given that
QBv8hjGDptI-00399-00094733-00094961 opportunity I talked with some more
QBv8hjGDptI-00400-00094962-00095105 senior colleagues who have been in these
QBv8hjGDptI-00401-00095106-00095435 types of uh working groups before for
QBv8hjGDptI-00402-00095436-00095626 advice and one one that really came
QBv8hjGDptI-00403-00095627-00095849 through and was relevant here was to not
QBv8hjGDptI-00404-00095850-00096011 let everything boil down to the least
QBv8hjGDptI-00405-00096012-00096244 common denominator where everyone is in
QBv8hjGDptI-00406-00096245-00096418 agreement otherwise you'll end up
QBv8hjGDptI-00407-00096419-00096544 putting a white paper out that really
QBv8hjGDptI-00408-00096545-00096667 has no meaning
QBv8hjGDptI-00409-00096668-00097091 and would be not quite as impactful so
QBv8hjGDptI-00410-00097092-00097294 there were many difficult conversations
QBv8hjGDptI-00411-00097295-00097438 in the meetings we had over the years
QBv8hjGDptI-00412-00097439-00097762 and you know we have to we had to come
QBv8hjGDptI-00413-00097763-00097900 to consensus through voting it wasn't
QBv8hjGDptI-00414-00097901-00098153 always unanimous and but we also wanted
QBv8hjGDptI-00415-00098154-00098423 to be inclusive to include all the
QBv8hjGDptI-00416-00098424-00098675 different approaches but really to to
QBv8hjGDptI-00417-00098676-00098968 make sure that we didn't let things kind
QBv8hjGDptI-00418-00098969-00099106 of go down to the least common
QBv8hjGDptI-00419-00099107-00099449 denominator
QBv8hjGDptI-00420-00099450-00099779 well quick question anybody
QBv8hjGDptI-00421-00099780-00100000 okay let's give another round of
QBv8hjGDptI-00422-00100001-00100282 applause to Joseph
QBv8hjGDptI-00423-00100283-00100381 thank you very much
QBv8hjGDptI-00424-00100382-00100928 [Applause]
QBv8hjGDptI-00425-00100929-00101575 [Music]
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00000-00000017-00000313 the hazel Atlas Glass Company was a
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00001-00000314-00000526 large producer of machine moulded glass
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00002-00000527-00000749 containers headquartered in Wheeling
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00003-00000750-00001141 West Virginia it was founded in 1902 in
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00004-00001142-00001399 Washington Pennsylvania as the merger of
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00005-00001400-00001745 four companies hazel glass and metals
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00006-00001746-00002165 company started in 1887 Atlas glass
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00007-00002166-00002617 company started 1896 wheeling metal
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00008-00002618-00003318 plaid republic glass company
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00009-00003319-00004018 topic history by the nineteen hundred's
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00010-00004019-00004297 hazel atlas had 15 plants plants
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00011-00004298-00004453 included those in Clarksburg West
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00012-00004454-00004753 Virginia Zanesville oh I de okay
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00013-00004754-00005007 Montgomery Alabama Oakland California
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00014-00005008-00005325 Pomona CA and other locations and was a
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00015-00005326-00005686 sizeable glass manufacturer hazel Atlas
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00016-00005687-00005934 manufactured tremendous quantities of
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00017-00005935-00006243 depression pressed glassware in a wide
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00018-00006244-00006493 variety of patterns throughout the 1920s
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00019-00006494-00007033 1930s and 1940s they also produced many
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00020-00007034-00007389 of the white milk glass inserts used
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00021-00007390-00007633 inside zinc fruit jar lids as well as
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00022-00007634-00007884 many types of milk glass cold cream jars
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00023-00007886-00008230 and sub containers also an important
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00024-00008231-00008478 maker of a very large variety of bottles
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00025-00008479-00008692 and jars for the commercial packaging
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00026-00008693-00009037 industry Atlas was the name brand of
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00027-00009038-00009244 their most popular line of fruit jars
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00028-00009245-00009570 for home canning hazel Atlas at that
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00029-00009571-00009798 time the third largest producer of glass
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00030-00009799-00010095 containers in the US shipping nearly 10%
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00031-00010096-00010314 of the markets glass containers became a
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00032-00010315-00010516 subsidiary of the Continental can
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00033-00010517-00010930 company in 1957 the acquisition was
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00034-00010931-00011103 challenged under the Clayton Antitrust
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00035-00011104-00011308 Act in a case that was eventually
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00036-00011309-00011574 decided by the US Supreme Court in
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00037-00011575-00011973 United States v continental can Co it
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00038-00011974-00012220 continued to make containers glassware
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00039-00012221-00012769 and tableware into the 1960s in 1964 ten
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00040-00012770-00012946 of the twelve H a plants in operation
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00041-00012947-00013230 were sold to Brockway Glass Company and
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00042-00013231-00013435 it is unclear if the remaining two
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00043-00013436-00013687 plants used the H a trademark after that
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00044-00013688-00014216 year
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00045-00014218-00014922 topic patterns hazel Atlas produced
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00046-00014924-00015151 dozens of different patterns with unique
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00047-00015152-00015454 names the hazel atlas mark usually
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00048-00015455-00015663 placed on the back of the product is an
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00049-00015665-00016156 A nestled underneath an H the mark was
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00050-00016157-00016465 reportedly first used in 1923
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00051-00016466-00016675 according to trademark office records
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00052-00016676-00016975 quoted by Peterson 400 trademarks on
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00053-00016976-00017524 glass
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00054-00017525-00018193 topic external links and references
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00055-00018194-00018478 hazel Atlas depression glass are filled
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00056-00018479-00018833 unto itself from a February 2005 article
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00057-00018834-00019108 in the San Diego union-tribune
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00058-00019109-00019435 official hazel Atlas glass website
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00059-00019436-00019733 summary of the hazel atlas glass company
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00060-00019734-00019958 with discussion on types of glass made
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00061-00019959-00020291 webpage on the glass bottle marks calm
QDcXAJ1I9Uc-00062-00020292-00020534 sight
QHwzjIVpzRu-00000-00000006-00000077 foreign
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QHwzjIVpzRu-00005-00006201-00007303 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00006-00007304-00007695 thank you
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QHwzjIVpzRu-00026-00035109-00035407 [Applause]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00027-00035408-00035615 thank you
QHwzjIVpzRu-00028-00035616-00035852 foreign
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QHwzjIVpzRu-00031-00040813-00041200 thank you
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QHwzjIVpzRu-00034-00043958-00044069 thank you
QHwzjIVpzRu-00035-00044070-00044207 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00036-00044208-00044368 [Applause]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00037-00044369-00044442 foreign
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QHwzjIVpzRu-00046-00056565-00057091 [Applause]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00047-00057092-00059188 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00048-00059189-00059691 oh
QHwzjIVpzRu-00050-00063054-00063209 foreign
QHwzjIVpzRu-00052-00067793-00068729 [Music]
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QHwzjIVpzRu-00054-00069995-00070309 foreign
QHwzjIVpzRu-00055-00070310-00071305 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00056-00071306-00072881 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00057-00072882-00073211 foreign
QHwzjIVpzRu-00058-00073212-00073350 foreign
QHwzjIVpzRu-00059-00073351-00074107 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00060-00074108-00075886 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00061-00075887-00076901 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00062-00076902-00077862 [Music]
QHwzjIVpzRu-00063-00077863-00078170 thank you
QHM21XNuVFU-00000-00000031-00000323 France competed at the 2015 World
QHM21XNuVFU-00001-00000324-00000557 Aquatics Championships in Kazan Russia
QHM21XNuVFU-00002-00000558-00000805 from the 24th of July to the 9th of
QHM21XNuVFU-00003-00000806-00001445 August 2015
QHM21XNuVFU-00004-00001446-00002376 topic medalists
QHM21XNuVFU-00005-00002377-00002907 topic diving
QHM21XNuVFU-00006-00002908-00003123 French divers qualified for the
QHM21XNuVFU-00007-00003124-00003309 individual spots and the synchronized
QHM21XNuVFU-00008-00003310-00003638 teams at the World Championships
QHM21XNuVFU-00009-00003639-00004204 men woman mixed
QHM21XNuVFU-00010-00004205-00004768 topic high-diving
QHM21XNuVFU-00011-00004769-00005041 France has qualified one high diver at
QHM21XNuVFU-00012-00005042-00005654 the World Championships
QHM21XNuVFU-00013-00005655-00006247 Topic open water swimming
QHM21XNuVFU-00014-00006248-00006481 France fielded a full team of five
QHM21XNuVFU-00015-00006481-00006670 swimmers to compete in the open water
QHM21XNuVFU-00016-00006670-00007253 marathon
QHM21XNuVFU-00017-00007254-00007568 topic swimming
QHM21XNuVFU-00018-00007569-00007781 you
QHM21XNuVFU-00019-00007781-00008020 French swimmers have achieved qualifying
QHM21XNuVFU-00020-00008022-00008243 standards in the following events up to
QHM21XNuVFU-00021-00008244-00008447 a maximum of two swimmers in each event
QHM21XNuVFU-00022-00008448-00008672 at the a standard entry time and one at
QHM21XNuVFU-00023-00008673-00008909 the B standard swimmers must qualify at
QHM21XNuVFU-00024-00008910-00009161 the 2015 French Championships in Limoges
QHM21XNuVFU-00025-00009162-00009416 for pool events to confirm their places
QHM21XNuVFU-00026-00009417-00009737 for the worlds the French team consists
QHM21XNuVFU-00027-00009738-00010157 of 28 swimmers 14 men and 14 women among
QHM21XNuVFU-00028-00010158-00010358 the official roster featured defending
QHM21XNuVFU-00029-00010359-00010580 world champion Camilla Court in the 50
QHM21XNuVFU-00030-00010581-00010811 meters backstroke and 2012 Olympic
QHM21XNuVFU-00031-00010812-00011012 champion Florent man adieu in the 50
QHM21XNuVFU-00032-00011013-00011299 meters freestyle reigning Olympic and
QHM21XNuVFU-00033-00011300-00011513 world gold medallist Yannick Agnel was
QHM21XNuVFU-00034-00011514-00011720 initially selected to the team but had
QHM21XNuVFU-00035-00011721-00011846 elected to withdraw from the
QHM21XNuVFU-00036-00011847-00012002 championships due to health issues
QHM21XNuVFU-00037-00012003-00012203 missing out an opportunity to
QHM21XNuVFU-00038-00012204-00012419 successfully defend his 200 metres
QHM21XNuVFU-00039-00012420-00012671 freestyle title
QHM21XNuVFU-00040-00012672-00013225 men woman mixed
QHM21XNuVFU-00041-00013226-00013836 topic synchronized swimming
QHM21XNuVFU-00042-00013837-00014085 France fielded a full team of eleven
QHM21XNuVFU-00043-00014086-00014283 synchronized swimmers to compete in each
QHM21XNuVFU-00044-00014284-00014550 of the following events
QHM21XNuVFU-00045-00014551-00015096 women mixed
QHM21XNuVFU-00046-00015097-00015999 topic water polo
QHM21XNuVFU-00047-00016000-00016569 topic women's tournament
QHM21XNuVFU-00048-00016570-00017128 team roster group play 13 16th place
QHM21XNuVFU-00049-00017129-00017520 semifinals 13th place game
QIKtg1HamaA-00000-00000053-00000283 stem cells are cells that can
QIKtg1HamaA-00001-00000284-00000480 differentiate into other types of cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00002-00000481-00000772 and can also divide in self-renewal to
QIKtg1HamaA-00003-00000773-00000978 produce more of the same type of stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00004-00000980-00001378 cells telomerase is active in normal
QIKtg1HamaA-00005-00001379-00001558 stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00006-00001559-00001852 in mammals there are two broad types of
QIKtg1HamaA-00007-00001853-00002140 stem cells embryonic stem cells which
QIKtg1HamaA-00008-00002141-00002392 are isolated from the inner cell mass of
QIKtg1HamaA-00009-00002393-00002587 blastocysts in early embryonic
QIKtg1HamaA-00010-00002588-00002883 development and adult stem cells which
QIKtg1HamaA-00011-00002884-00003097 are found in various tissues of fully
QIKtg1HamaA-00012-00003098-00003445 developed mammals in adult organisms
QIKtg1HamaA-00013-00003446-00003745 stem cells and progenitor cells act as a
QIKtg1HamaA-00014-00003746-00004003 repair system for the body replenishing
QIKtg1HamaA-00015-00004004-00004311 adult tissues in a developing embryo
QIKtg1HamaA-00016-00004312-00004603 stem cells can differentiate into all
QIKtg1HamaA-00017-00004604-00004891 the specialized cells ectoderm endoderm
QIKtg1HamaA-00018-00004892-00005212 and mesoderm c induced pluripotent stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00019-00005213-00005488 cells but also maintain the normal
QIKtg1HamaA-00020-00005489-00005776 turnover of regenerative organs such as
QIKtg1HamaA-00021-00005777-00006204 blood skin or intestinal tissues there
QIKtg1HamaA-00022-00006205-00006429 are three known accessible sources of
QIKtg1HamaA-00023-00006430-00006746 autologous adult stem cells in humans
QIKtg1HamaA-00024-00006747-00007134 bone marrow adipose tissue and blood
QIKtg1HamaA-00025-00007134-00007423 stem cells can also be taken from
QIKtg1HamaA-00026-00007423-00007768 umbilical cord blood just after birth of
QIKtg1HamaA-00027-00007769-00008080 all stem cell therapy types autologous
QIKtg1HamaA-00028-00008081-00008391 harvesting involves the least risk
QIKtg1HamaA-00029-00008392-00008673 adult stem cells are frequently used in
QIKtg1HamaA-00030-00008674-00009002 various medical therapies eg bone marrow
QIKtg1HamaA-00031-00009003-00009366 transplantation stem cells can now be
QIKtg1HamaA-00032-00009367-00009605 artificially grown and transformed
QIKtg1HamaA-00033-00009606-00009867 differentiated into specialized cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00034-00009868-00010113 types with characteristics consistent
QIKtg1HamaA-00035-00010114-00010310 with cells of various tissues such as
QIKtg1HamaA-00036-00010311-00010685 muscles or nerves embryonic cell lines
QIKtg1HamaA-00037-00010686-00010938 and autologous embryonic stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00038-00010939-00011139 generated through somatic cell nuclear
QIKtg1HamaA-00039-00011140-00011445 transfer or D differentiation have also
QIKtg1HamaA-00040-00011446-00011682 been proposed as promising candidates
QIKtg1HamaA-00041-00011683-00012033 for future therapies research into stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00042-00012034-00012291 cells grew out of findings by Ernest a
QIKtg1HamaA-00043-00012292-00012507 McCulloch and James II till at the
QIKtg1HamaA-00044-00012508-00012912 University of Toronto in the 1960s
QIKtg1HamaA-00045-00012913-00013344 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00046-00013345-00013908 topic properties
QIKtg1HamaA-00047-00013909-00014187 the classical definition of a stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00048-00014188-00014382 requires that it possesses two
QIKtg1HamaA-00049-00014383-00014787 properties self-renewal the ability to
QIKtg1HamaA-00050-00014788-00014985 go through numerous cycles of cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00051-00014986-00015162 division while maintaining the in
QIKtg1HamaA-00052-00015163-00015530 differentiated state potency the
QIKtg1HamaA-00053-00015531-00015725 capacity to differentiate into
QIKtg1HamaA-00054-00015726-00016053 specialized cell types in the strictest
QIKtg1HamaA-00055-00016054-00016107 sense
QIKtg1HamaA-00056-00016108-00016344 this requires stem cells to be either
QIKtg1HamaA-00057-00016344-00016668 totipotent or pluripotent to be able to
QIKtg1HamaA-00058-00016669-00016893 give rise to any mature cell type
QIKtg1HamaA-00059-00016894-00017112 although multipotent or unipotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00060-00017113-00017358 progenitor cells are sometimes referred
QIKtg1HamaA-00061-00017359-00017700 to as stem cells apart from this it is
QIKtg1HamaA-00062-00017701-00017886 said that stem cell function is
QIKtg1HamaA-00063-00017887-00018211 regulated in a feedback mechanism
QIKtg1HamaA-00064-00018212-00018618 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00065-00018619-00019188 topic self-renewal
QIKtg1HamaA-00066-00019189-00019473 two mechanisms ensure that a stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00067-00019474-00019952 population is maintained one obligatory
QIKtg1HamaA-00068-00019953-00020229 asymmetric replication a stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00069-00020230-00020457 divides into one mother cell that is
QIKtg1HamaA-00070-00020458-00020700 identical to the original stem cell and
QIKtg1HamaA-00071-00020701-00020879 another daughter cell that is
QIKtg1HamaA-00072-00020880-00021240 differentiated when a stem cell self
QIKtg1HamaA-00073-00021241-00021474 renews it divides and does not disrupt
QIKtg1HamaA-00074-00021475-00021794 the in differentiated State this self
QIKtg1HamaA-00075-00021795-00022062 renewal demands control of cell cycle as
QIKtg1HamaA-00076-00022063-00022284 well as upkeep of multi potency or
QIKtg1HamaA-00077-00022285-00022560 pluripotency which all depends on the
QIKtg1HamaA-00078-00022561-00022805 stem cell point to stochastic
QIKtg1HamaA-00079-00022806-00023046 differentiation when one stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00080-00023047-00023268 develops into two differentiated
QIKtg1HamaA-00081-00023269-00023481 daughter cells another stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00082-00023482-00023781 undergoes mitosis and produces two stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00083-00023782-00024476 cells identical to the original
QIKtg1HamaA-00084-00024477-00025058 topic potency meaning
QIKtg1HamaA-00085-00025059-00025358 potency specifies the differentiation
QIKtg1HamaA-00086-00025359-00025595 potential the potential to differentiate
QIKtg1HamaA-00087-00025596-00025836 into different cell types of the stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00088-00025837-00026318 cell totipotent aka omnipotent stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00089-00026319-00026564 cells can differentiate into embryonic
QIKtg1HamaA-00090-00026566-00026933 and extra embryonic cell types such
QIKtg1HamaA-00091-00026934-00027189 cells can construct a complete viable
QIKtg1HamaA-00092-00027189-00027470 organism these cells are produced from
QIKtg1HamaA-00093-00027472-00027712 the fusion of an egg and sperm cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00094-00027713-00027977 cells produced by the first few
QIKtg1HamaA-00095-00027978-00028193 divisions of the fertilized egg are also
QIKtg1HamaA-00096-00028194-00028611 totipotent pluripotent stem cells are
QIKtg1HamaA-00097-00028612-00028842 the descendants of totipotent cells and
QIKtg1HamaA-00098-00028843-00029073 can differentiate into nearly all cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00099-00029074-00029321 ie cells derived from any of the three
QIKtg1HamaA-00100-00029322-00029751 germ layers multipotent stem cells can
QIKtg1HamaA-00101-00029752-00029949 differentiate into a number of cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00102-00029950-00030180 types but only those of a closely
QIKtg1HamaA-00103-00030181-00030587 related family of cells aligot and stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00104-00030588-00030839 cells can differentiate into only a few
QIKtg1HamaA-00105-00030841-00031131 cell types such as lymphoid or myeloid
QIKtg1HamaA-00106-00031132-00031518 stem cells unipotent cells can produce
QIKtg1HamaA-00107-00031519-00031799 only one cell type their own but have
QIKtg1HamaA-00108-00031800-00032007 the property of self-renewal which
QIKtg1HamaA-00109-00032008-00032237 distinguishes them from non stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00110-00032238-00032580 eg progenitor cells which cannot self
QIKtg1HamaA-00111-00032581-00032718 renew
QIKtg1HamaA-00112-00032719-00033126 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00113-00033127-00033706 topic identification
QIKtg1HamaA-00114-00033707-00034057 in practice stem cells are identified by
QIKtg1HamaA-00115-00034058-00034363 whether they can regenerate tissue for
QIKtg1HamaA-00116-00034364-00034603 example the defining test for bone
QIKtg1HamaA-00117-00034604-00034993 marrow or hematopoietic stem cells HSCs
QIKtg1HamaA-00118-00034994-00035224 is the ability to transplant the cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00119-00035225-00035635 and save an individual without HSCs this
QIKtg1HamaA-00120-00035636-00035839 demonstrates that the cells can produce
QIKtg1HamaA-00121-00035840-00036178 new blood cells over a long term it
QIKtg1HamaA-00122-00036179-00036439 should also be possible to isolate stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00123-00036440-00036670 cells from the transplanted individual
QIKtg1HamaA-00124-00036671-00036895 which can themselves be transplanted
QIKtg1HamaA-00125-00036896-00037194 into another individual without HSCs
QIKtg1HamaA-00126-00037195-00037408 demonstrating that the stem cell was
QIKtg1HamaA-00127-00037409-00037774 able to self renew properties of stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00128-00037775-00038062 cells can be illustrated in vitro using
QIKtg1HamaA-00129-00038063-00038314 methods such as clone a genic assays in
QIKtg1HamaA-00130-00038315-00038512 which single cells are assessed for
QIKtg1HamaA-00131-00038513-00038749 their ability to differentiate and self
QIKtg1HamaA-00132-00038750-00039136 renew stem cells can also be isolated by
QIKtg1HamaA-00133-00039137-00039343 their possession of a distinctive set of
QIKtg1HamaA-00134-00039344-00039522 cell surface markers
QIKtg1HamaA-00135-00039523-00039859 however in vitro culture conditions can
QIKtg1HamaA-00136-00039860-00040096 alter the behavior of cells making it
QIKtg1HamaA-00137-00040097-00040312 unclear whether the cells shall behave
QIKtg1HamaA-00138-00040313-00040615 in a similar manner in vivo there is
QIKtg1HamaA-00139-00040616-00040837 considerable debate as to whether some
QIKtg1HamaA-00140-00040838-00041065 proposed adult cell populations are
QIKtg1HamaA-00141-00041066-00041295 truly stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00142-00041296-00041729 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00143-00041730-00042308 topic embryonic
QIKtg1HamaA-00144-00042309-00042708 embryonic stem cells es CS are the cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00145-00042709-00042936 of the inner cell mass of a blastocyst
QIKtg1HamaA-00146-00042937-00043179 formed prior to implantation in the
QIKtg1HamaA-00147-00043180-00043494 uterus in human embryonic development
QIKtg1HamaA-00148-00043495-00043788 the blastocyst stage is reached four to
QIKtg1HamaA-00149-00043789-00044052 five days after fertilization at which
QIKtg1HamaA-00150-00044053-00044580 time it consists of 50 to 150 cells esc
QIKtg1HamaA-00151-00044581-00044796 s are pluripotent and give rise during
QIKtg1HamaA-00152-00044797-00045012 development to all derivatives of the
QIKtg1HamaA-00153-00045013-00045297 three germ layers ectoderm endoderm and
QIKtg1HamaA-00154-00045298-00045663 mesoderm in other words they can develop
QIKtg1HamaA-00155-00045664-00045885 into each of the more than 200 cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00156-00045886-00046098 types of the adult body when given
QIKtg1HamaA-00157-00046099-00046350 sufficient and necessary stimulation for
QIKtg1HamaA-00158-00046351-00046644 a specific cell type they do not
QIKtg1HamaA-00159-00046645-00046821 contribute to the extra embryonic
QIKtg1HamaA-00160-00046822-00047178 membranes or to the placenta during
QIKtg1HamaA-00161-00047179-00047427 embryonic development the cells of the
QIKtg1HamaA-00162-00047428-00047691 inner cell mass continuously divide and
QIKtg1HamaA-00163-00047692-00048042 become more specialized for example a
QIKtg1HamaA-00164-00048043-00048261 portion of the ectoderm in the dorsal
QIKtg1HamaA-00165-00048262-00048513 part of the embryo specializes as new
QIKtg1HamaA-00166-00048514-00048714 ectoderm which will become the future
QIKtg1HamaA-00167-00048715-00049029 central nervous system later in
QIKtg1HamaA-00168-00049030-00049287 development neural ation causes the new
QIKtg1HamaA-00169-00049288-00049593 ectoderm to form the neural tube at the
QIKtg1HamaA-00170-00049594-00049854 neural tube stage the anterior portion
QIKtg1HamaA-00171-00049855-00050130 undergoes encephalization to generate or
QIKtg1HamaA-00172-00050131-00050421 pattern the basic form of the brain at
QIKtg1HamaA-00173-00050422-00050727 this stage of development the principal
QIKtg1HamaA-00174-00050728-00050982 cell type of the CNS is considered a
QIKtg1HamaA-00175-00050983-00051341 neural stem cell the neural stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00176-00051342-00051585 self renew and at some point transition
QIKtg1HamaA-00177-00051586-00051852 into radial glial progenitor cells are a
QIKtg1HamaA-00178-00051853-00052323 GPS early formed our GPS self renew by
QIKtg1HamaA-00179-00052324-00052557 symmetrical division to form a reservoir
QIKtg1HamaA-00180-00052558-00052877 group of progenitor cells these cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00181-00052878-00053129 transition to a neurogenic state and
QIKtg1HamaA-00182-00053130-00053316 start to divide asymmetrically to
QIKtg1HamaA-00183-00053316-00053511 produce a large diversity of many
QIKtg1HamaA-00184-00053512-00053724 different neuron types each with unique
QIKtg1HamaA-00185-00053725-00054017 gene expression morphological and
QIKtg1HamaA-00186-00054019-00054380 functional characteristics the process
QIKtg1HamaA-00187-00054382-00054629 of generating neurons from radial glial
QIKtg1HamaA-00188-00054630-00054924 cells is called neurogenesis
QIKtg1HamaA-00189-00054925-00055199 the radial glial cell has a distinctive
QIKtg1HamaA-00190-00055200-00055456 bipolar morphology with highly elongated
QIKtg1HamaA-00191-00055457-00055688 processes spanning the thickness of the
QIKtg1HamaA-00192-00055689-00056003 neural tube wall it shares some glial
QIKtg1HamaA-00193-00056004-00056241 characteristics most notably the
QIKtg1HamaA-00194-00056241-00056486 expression of glial fiber Larry acidic
QIKtg1HamaA-00195-00056487-00056904 protein GF AP the radial glial cell as
QIKtg1HamaA-00196-00056904-00057111 the primary neural stem cell of the
QIKtg1HamaA-00197-00057112-00057401 developing vertebrate CNS and it's cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00198-00057402-00057604 body resides in the ventricular zone
QIKtg1HamaA-00199-00057605-00057842 adjacent to the developing ventricular
QIKtg1HamaA-00200-00057843-00058191 system neural stem cells are committed
QIKtg1HamaA-00201-00058191-00058426 to the neuronal lineages neurons
QIKtg1HamaA-00202-00058427-00058761 astrocytes and oligodendrocytes and thus
QIKtg1HamaA-00203-00058762-00059006 their potency is restricted nearly all
QIKtg1HamaA-00204-00059007-00059241 research to date has made use of mouse
QIKtg1HamaA-00205-00059241-00059588 embryonic stem cells MDS or human
QIKtg1HamaA-00206-00059589-00059762 embryonic stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00207-00059763-00059997 he's derived from the early inner cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00208-00059998-00060337 mass both have the essential stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00209-00060338-00060557 characteristics yet they require very
QIKtg1HamaA-00210-00060558-00060798 different environments in order to
QIKtg1HamaA-00211-00060799-00061022 maintain an in differentiated state
QIKtg1HamaA-00212-00061023-00061335 mouse s cells are grown on a layer of
QIKtg1HamaA-00213-00061336-00061601 gelatin as an extracellular matrix for
QIKtg1HamaA-00214-00061602-00061824 support and require the presence of
QIKtg1HamaA-00215-00061825-00062166 leukemia inhibitory factor leaf in serum
QIKtg1HamaA-00216-00062166-00062472 media a drug cocktail containing
QIKtg1HamaA-00217-00062473-00062855 inhibitors to GSK 3b and the MAPK Kirk
QIKtg1HamaA-00218-00062856-00063198 pathway called 2 I has also been shown
QIKtg1HamaA-00219-00063199-00063425 to maintain pluripotency in stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00220-00063426-00063810 culture human esc s are grown on a
QIKtg1HamaA-00221-00063811-00064024 feeder layer of mouse embryonic
QIKtg1HamaA-00222-00064025-00064272 fibroblasts and require the presence of
QIKtg1HamaA-00223-00064273-00064646 basic fibroblast growth factor P fgf or
QIKtg1HamaA-00224-00064647-00065016 fgf2 without optimal culture conditions
QIKtg1HamaA-00225-00065016-00065336 or genetic manipulation embryonic stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00226-00065337-00065648 cells will rapidly differentiate
QIKtg1HamaA-00227-00065649-00065924 a human embryonic stem cell is also
QIKtg1HamaA-00228-00065925-00066134 defined by the expression of several
QIKtg1HamaA-00229-00066135-00066392 transcription factors and cell surface
QIKtg1HamaA-00230-00066393-00066704 proteins the transcription factors
QIKtg1HamaA-00231-00066705-00067049 October 4 nanak and socks to form the
QIKtg1HamaA-00232-00067050-00067268 core regulatory network that ensures the
QIKtg1HamaA-00233-00067269-00067483 suppression of genes that lead to
QIKtg1HamaA-00234-00067484-00067682 differentiation and the maintenance of
QIKtg1HamaA-00235-00067683-00068033 pluripotency the cell surface antigens
QIKtg1HamaA-00236-00068034-00068285 most commonly used to identify these
QIKtg1HamaA-00237-00068286-00068546 cells are the glycolipids stage specific
QIKtg1HamaA-00238-00068547-00068807 embryonic antigen 3 and 4 and the
QIKtg1HamaA-00239-00068808-00069227 keratin sulfate antigens tra 1-6 T and T
QIKtg1HamaA-00240-00069228-00069659 are a1 minus 81 the molecular definition
QIKtg1HamaA-00241-00069660-00069860 of a stem cell includes many more
QIKtg1HamaA-00242-00069861-00070103 proteins and continues to be a topic of
QIKtg1HamaA-00243-00070104-00070388 research by using human embryonic stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00244-00070389-00070637 cells to produce specialized cells like
QIKtg1HamaA-00245-00070638-00070873 nerve cells or heart cells in the lab
QIKtg1HamaA-00246-00070874-00071132 scientists can gain access to adult
QIKtg1HamaA-00247-00071133-00071351 human cells without taking tissue from
QIKtg1HamaA-00248-00071352-00071651 patients they can then study these
QIKtg1HamaA-00249-00071652-00071933 specialized adult cells in detail to try
QIKtg1HamaA-00250-00071934-00072182 to discern complications of diseases or
QIKtg1HamaA-00251-00072183-00072452 to study cell reactions to proposed new
QIKtg1HamaA-00252-00072453-00072755 drugs because of their combined
QIKtg1HamaA-00253-00072756-00072998 abilities of unlimited expansion and
QIKtg1HamaA-00254-00072999-00073316 pluripotency embryonic stem cells remain
QIKtg1HamaA-00255-00073317-00073538 a theoretically potential source for
QIKtg1HamaA-00256-00073539-00073700 regenerative medicine and tissue
QIKtg1HamaA-00257-00073701-00073913 replacement after injury or disease
QIKtg1HamaA-00258-00073914-00074210 however there are currently no approved
QIKtg1HamaA-00259-00074211-00074588 treatments using s cells the first human
QIKtg1HamaA-00260-00074589-00074831 trial was approved by the US Food and
QIKtg1HamaA-00261-00074832-00075196 Drug Administration in January 2009
QIKtg1HamaA-00262-00075197-00075470 however the human trial was not
QIKtg1HamaA-00263-00075471-00075797 initiated until October 13 2010 in
QIKtg1HamaA-00264-00075798-00076013 Atlanta for spinal cord injury research
QIKtg1HamaA-00265-00076014-00076439 on November 14 2011 the company
QIKtg1HamaA-00266-00076440-00076589 conducting the trial
QIKtg1HamaA-00267-00076590-00076850 Geron corporation announced that it will
QIKtg1HamaA-00268-00076851-00077075 discontinue further development of its
QIKtg1HamaA-00269-00077076-00077347 stem cell programs
QIKtg1HamaA-00270-00077348-00077597 differentiating as cells into useable
QIKtg1HamaA-00271-00077598-00077789 cells while avoiding transplant
QIKtg1HamaA-00272-00077790-00078005 rejection are just a few of the hurdles
QIKtg1HamaA-00273-00078006-00078254 that embryonic stem cell researchers
QIKtg1HamaA-00274-00078255-00078548 still face embryonic stem cells being
QIKtg1HamaA-00275-00078549-00078869 pluripotent require specific signals for
QIKtg1HamaA-00276-00078870-00079115 correct differentiation if injected
QIKtg1HamaA-00277-00079116-00079430 directly into another body as cells will
QIKtg1HamaA-00278-00079431-00079646 differentiate into many different types
QIKtg1HamaA-00279-00079647-00080042 of cells causing a teratoma ethical
QIKtg1HamaA-00280-00080043-00080237 considerations regarding the use of
QIKtg1HamaA-00281-00080238-00080507 unborn human tissue are another reason
QIKtg1HamaA-00282-00080508-00080696 for the lack of approved treatments
QIKtg1HamaA-00283-00080697-00081056 using embryonic stem cells many nations
QIKtg1HamaA-00284-00081057-00081356 currently have moratoria or limitations
QIKtg1HamaA-00285-00081357-00081596 on either human s cell research or the
QIKtg1HamaA-00286-00081597-00081939 production of new human s cell lines
QIKtg1HamaA-00287-00081940-00082374 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00288-00082375-00082900 topic fetal
QIKtg1HamaA-00289-00082901-00083175 the primitive stem cells located in the
QIKtg1HamaA-00290-00083176-00083394 organs of fetuses are referred to as
QIKtg1HamaA-00291-00083395-00083773 fetal stem cells there are two types of
QIKtg1HamaA-00292-00083774-00084178 fetal stem cells fetal proper stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00293-00084179-00084412 come from the tissue of the fetus proper
QIKtg1HamaA-00294-00084413-00084610 and are generally obtained after an
QIKtg1HamaA-00295-00084611-00084904 abortion these stem cells are not
QIKtg1HamaA-00296-00084905-00085090 immortal but have a high level of
QIKtg1HamaA-00297-00085091-00085372 division and are multipotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00298-00085373-00085666 extraembryonic fetal stem cells come
QIKtg1HamaA-00299-00085667-00085918 from extra embryonic membranes and are
QIKtg1HamaA-00300-00085919-00086131 generally not distinguished from adult
QIKtg1HamaA-00301-00086132-00086479 stem cells these stem cells are acquired
QIKtg1HamaA-00302-00086480-00086712 after birth they are not immortal but
QIKtg1HamaA-00303-00086713-00086925 have a high level of cell division and
QIKtg1HamaA-00304-00086926-00087148 are pluripotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00305-00087149-00087580 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00306-00087581-00088120 topic adult
QIKtg1HamaA-00307-00088121-00088462 adult stem cells also called somatic
QIKtg1HamaA-00308-00088463-00088774 from Greek somatic acute Sigma of the
QIKtg1HamaA-00309-00088775-00089122 body stem cells are stem cells which
QIKtg1HamaA-00310-00089123-00089329 maintain and repair the tissue in which
QIKtg1HamaA-00311-00089330-00089623 they are found they can be found in
QIKtg1HamaA-00312-00089624-00089869 children as well as adults there are
QIKtg1HamaA-00313-00089870-00090070 three known accessible sources of
QIKtg1HamaA-00314-00090071-00090384 autologous adult stem cells in humans
QIKtg1HamaA-00315-00090385-00090739 bone marrow which requires extraction by
QIKtg1HamaA-00316-00090740-00090976 harvesting that is drilling into bone
QIKtg1HamaA-00317-00090977-00091375 typically the femur or iliac crest
QIKtg1HamaA-00318-00091376-00091687 adipose tissue fat cells which requires
QIKtg1HamaA-00319-00091688-00092107 extraction by liposuction blood which
QIKtg1HamaA-00320-00092108-00092326 requires extraction through apheresis
QIKtg1HamaA-00321-00092327-00092554 wherein blood is drawn from the donor
QIKtg1HamaA-00322-00092555-00092824 similar to a blood donation and passed
QIKtg1HamaA-00323-00092825-00093040 through a machine that extracts the stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00324-00093041-00093271 cells and returns other portions of the
QIKtg1HamaA-00325-00093272-00093502 blood to the donor stem cells can also
QIKtg1HamaA-00326-00093503-00093781 be taken from umbilical cord blood just
QIKtg1HamaA-00327-00093782-00094113 after birth of all stem cell types
QIKtg1HamaA-00328-00094114-00094372 autologous harvesting involves the least
QIKtg1HamaA-00329-00094373-00094774 risk by definition otologist cells are
QIKtg1HamaA-00330-00094775-00094993 obtained from one's own body just as
QIKtg1HamaA-00331-00094994-00095194 when Maybank his or her own blood for
QIKtg1HamaA-00332-00095195-00095587 elective surgical procedures pluripotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00333-00095588-00095827 adult stem cells are rare and generally
QIKtg1HamaA-00334-00095828-00096064 small in number but they can be found in
QIKtg1HamaA-00335-00096065-00096327 umbilical cord blood and other tissues
QIKtg1HamaA-00336-00096328-00096628 bone marrow is a rich source of adult
QIKtg1HamaA-00337-00096629-00096847 stem cells which have been used in
QIKtg1HamaA-00338-00096848-00097057 treating several conditions including
QIKtg1HamaA-00339-00097058-00097324 liver cirrhosis chronic Lyme ischemia
QIKtg1HamaA-00340-00097325-00097684 and end-stage heart failure the quantity
QIKtg1HamaA-00341-00097685-00097930 of bone marrow stem cells declines with
QIKtg1HamaA-00342-00097931-00098119 age and is greater in males than females
QIKtg1HamaA-00343-00098120-00098491 during reproductive years much adult
QIKtg1HamaA-00344-00098492-00098743 stem cell research to date has aimed to
QIKtg1HamaA-00345-00098744-00098923 characterize their potency and
QIKtg1HamaA-00346-00098924-00099319 self-renewal capabilities DNA damage
QIKtg1HamaA-00347-00099320-00099571 accumulates with age in both stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00348-00099572-00099769 and the cells that comprise the stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00349-00099770-00100108 cell environment this accumulation is
QIKtg1HamaA-00350-00100109-00100372 considered to be responsible at least in
QIKtg1HamaA-00351-00100373-00100570 part for increasing stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00352-00100571-00100870 dysfunction with aging see DNA damage
QIKtg1HamaA-00353-00100871-00101149 theory of aging most adult stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00354-00101150-00101413 are lineage restricted multipotent and
QIKtg1HamaA-00355-00101414-00101581 are generally referred to by their
QIKtg1HamaA-00356-00101582-00101845 tissue origin mesenchymal stem cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00357-00101846-00102157 adipose derived stem cell endothelial
QIKtg1HamaA-00358-00102158-00102606 stem cell dental pulp stem cell etc Mews
QIKtg1HamaA-00359-00102607-00102892 cells multi lineage differentiating
QIKtg1HamaA-00360-00102893-00103126 stress enduring cells are a recently
QIKtg1HamaA-00361-00103127-00103368 discovered pluripotent stem cell type
QIKtg1HamaA-00362-00103369-00103581 found in multiple adult tissues
QIKtg1HamaA-00363-00103582-00103915 including adipose dermal fibroblasts and
QIKtg1HamaA-00364-00103916-00104026 bone marrow
QIKtg1HamaA-00365-00104027-00104380 while rare Mew cells are identifiable by
QIKtg1HamaA-00366-00104381-00104713 their expression of SS CA 3 a marker for
QIKtg1HamaA-00367-00104714-00104767 India
QIKtg1HamaA-00368-00104768-00104998 Ferengi ated stem cells and general
QIKtg1HamaA-00369-00104999-00105258 mesenchymal stem cells markers such as
QIKtg1HamaA-00370-00105259-00105700 CD 105 when subjected to single cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00371-00105701-00105913 suspension culture the cells will
QIKtg1HamaA-00372-00105914-00106108 generate clusters that are similar to
QIKtg1HamaA-00373-00106108-00106399 embryoid bodies in morphology as well as
QIKtg1HamaA-00374-00106400-00106657 gene expression including canonical
QIKtg1HamaA-00375-00106658-00107029 pluripotency markers October 4 sox2 and
QIKtg1HamaA-00376-00107030-00107109 Nanak
QIKtg1HamaA-00377-00107110-00107314 adult stem cell treatments have been
QIKtg1HamaA-00378-00107315-00107527 successfully used for many years to
QIKtg1HamaA-00379-00107528-00107791 treat leukemia and related bone blood
QIKtg1HamaA-00380-00107792-00108078 cancers through bone marrow transplants
QIKtg1HamaA-00381-00108079-00108364 adult stem cells are also used in
QIKtg1HamaA-00382-00108365-00108595 veterinary medicine to treat tendon and
QIKtg1HamaA-00383-00108596-00108853 ligament injuries in horses the use of
QIKtg1HamaA-00384-00108854-00109086 adult stem cells in research and therapy
QIKtg1HamaA-00385-00109088-00109321 as not as controversial as the use of
QIKtg1HamaA-00386-00109322-00109560 embryonic stem cells because the
QIKtg1HamaA-00387-00109561-00109795 production of adult stem cells does not
QIKtg1HamaA-00388-00109796-00110088 require the destruction of an embryo
QIKtg1HamaA-00389-00110089-00110368 additionally in instances where adult
QIKtg1HamaA-00390-00110369-00110542 stem cells are obtained from the
QIKtg1HamaA-00391-00110543-00110803 intended recipient and autograft the
QIKtg1HamaA-00392-00110804-00111007 risk of rejection is essentially
QIKtg1HamaA-00393-00111008-00111373 non-existent consequently more US
QIKtg1HamaA-00394-00111374-00111595 government funding is being provided for
QIKtg1HamaA-00395-00111596-00111808 adult stem cell research with the
QIKtg1HamaA-00396-00111808-00112033 increasing demand of human adult stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00397-00112033-00112209 cells for both research and clinical
QIKtg1HamaA-00398-00112210-00112507 purposes typically one to five million
QIKtg1HamaA-00399-00112508-00112756 cells per kilogram of body weight are
QIKtg1HamaA-00400-00112757-00112986 required per treatment it becomes of
QIKtg1HamaA-00401-00112988-00113184 utmost importance to bridge the gap
QIKtg1HamaA-00402-00113185-00113413 between the need to expand the cells in
QIKtg1HamaA-00403-00113414-00113644 vitro and the capability of harnessing
QIKtg1HamaA-00404-00113645-00113851 the factors underlying replicative
QIKtg1HamaA-00405-00113852-00114210 senescence adult stem cells are known to
QIKtg1HamaA-00406-00114211-00114448 have a limited lifespan in vitro and to
QIKtg1HamaA-00407-00114449-00114658 enter replicative senescence almost
QIKtg1HamaA-00408-00114658-00114901 undetectably upon starting in vitro
QIKtg1HamaA-00409-00114902-00115126 culturing
QIKtg1HamaA-00410-00115127-00115502 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00411-00115503-00116094 topic amniotic
QIKtg1HamaA-00412-00116095-00116395 multipotent stem cells are also found in
QIKtg1HamaA-00413-00116396-00116709 amniotic fluid these stem cells are very
QIKtg1HamaA-00414-00116710-00116961 active expand extensively without
QIKtg1HamaA-00415-00116963-00117325 feeders and are not tumorigenic amniotic
QIKtg1HamaA-00416-00117326-00117577 stem cells are multipotent and can
QIKtg1HamaA-00417-00117578-00117836 differentiate in cells of a depe Zdenek
QIKtg1HamaA-00418-00117838-00118207 osteogenic myogenic endothelial hepatic
QIKtg1HamaA-00419-00118208-00118603 and also neuronal lines amniotic stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00420-00118604-00119017 cells are a topic of active research use
QIKtg1HamaA-00421-00119018-00119259 of stem cells from amniotic fluid
QIKtg1HamaA-00422-00119260-00119488 overcomes the ethical objections to
QIKtg1HamaA-00423-00119489-00119796 using human embryos as a source of cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00424-00119797-00120084 Roman Catholic teaching forbids the use
QIKtg1HamaA-00425-00120085-00120298 of embryonic stem cells in
QIKtg1HamaA-00426-00120299-00120598 experimentation accordingly the Vatican
QIKtg1HamaA-00427-00120599-00120960 newspaper L'Osservatore Romano call
QIKtg1HamaA-00428-00120961-00121282 amniotic stem cells the future of
QIKtg1HamaA-00429-00121283-00121536 medicine it is possible to collect
QIKtg1HamaA-00430-00121538-00121819 amniotic stem cells for donors are for
QIKtg1HamaA-00431-00121820-00122101 autologous use the first u.s. amniotic
QIKtg1HamaA-00432-00122102-00122433 stem cells Bank was opened in 2009 in
QIKtg1HamaA-00433-00122434-00122709 Medford MA by bio cell Center
QIKtg1HamaA-00434-00122710-00122902 Corporation and collaborates with
QIKtg1HamaA-00435-00122903-00123157 various hospitals and universities all
QIKtg1HamaA-00436-00123158-00123408 over the world
QIKtg1HamaA-00437-00123408-00123781 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00438-00123782-00124430 topic induced pluripotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00439-00124431-00124715 adult stem cells have limitations with
QIKtg1HamaA-00440-00124716-00124973 their potency unlike embryonic stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00441-00124974-00125273 cells esc s they are not able to
QIKtg1HamaA-00442-00125274-00125507 differentiate into cells from all three
QIKtg1HamaA-00443-00125508-00125840 germ layers as such they are deemed
QIKtg1HamaA-00444-00125841-00126052 multipotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00445-00126053-00126316 however reprogramming allows for the
QIKtg1HamaA-00446-00126317-00126577 creation of pluripotent cells induced
QIKtg1HamaA-00447-00126578-00126933 pluripotent stem cells iPS seized from
QIKtg1HamaA-00448-00126934-00127273 adult cells these are not adult stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00449-00127274-00127597 cells but adult cells eg epithelial
QIKtg1HamaA-00450-00127598-00127864 cells reprogrammed to give rise to cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00451-00127865-00128208 with pluripotent capabilities using
QIKtg1HamaA-00452-00128209-00128416 genetic reprogramming with protein
QIKtg1HamaA-00453-00128417-00128685 transcription factors pluripotent stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00454-00128686-00128977 cells with ESC like capabilities have
QIKtg1HamaA-00455-00128978-00129295 been derived the first demonstration of
QIKtg1HamaA-00456-00129296-00129526 induced pluripotent stem cells was
QIKtg1HamaA-00457-00129527-00129775 conducted by Shinya Yamanaka and his
QIKtg1HamaA-00458-00129776-00130003 colleagues at kyoto university
QIKtg1HamaA-00459-00130004-00130279 they used the transcription factors
QIKtg1HamaA-00460-00130280-00130804 October 3/4 socks to see my sea and klf4
QIKtg1HamaA-00461-00130805-00131134 to reprogram mouse fibroblast cells into
QIKtg1HamaA-00462-00131135-00131494 pluripotent cells subsequent work used
QIKtg1HamaA-00463-00131495-00131761 these factors to induce pluripotency in
QIKtg1HamaA-00464-00131762-00131979 human fibroblast cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00465-00131980-00132298 Junia you James Thompson and their
QIKtg1HamaA-00466-00132299-00132465 colleagues at the University of
QIKtg1HamaA-00467-00132466-00132721 wisconsin-madison used a different set
QIKtg1HamaA-00468-00132722-00133120 of factors October 4 socks to Nanog and
QIKtg1HamaA-00469-00133121-00133414 Lyn 28 and carried out their experiments
QIKtg1HamaA-00470-00133415-00133762 using cells from human foreskin however
QIKtg1HamaA-00471-00133763-00134011 they were able to replicate Yamanaka
QIKtg1HamaA-00472-00134012-00134275 finding that inducing pluripotency in
QIKtg1HamaA-00473-00134276-00134537 human cells was possible
QIKtg1HamaA-00474-00134538-00134813 induced pluripotent stem cells differ
QIKtg1HamaA-00475-00134814-00135113 from embryonic stem cells they share
QIKtg1HamaA-00476-00135114-00135328 many similar properties such as
QIKtg1HamaA-00477-00135329-00135539 pluripotency and differentiation
QIKtg1HamaA-00478-00135540-00135775 potential the expression of pluripotency
QIKtg1HamaA-00479-00135776-00136163 genes epigenetic patterns embryoid body
QIKtg1HamaA-00480-00136164-00136418 and teratoma formation and viable
QIKtg1HamaA-00481-00136419-00136640 chimera formation but there are many
QIKtg1HamaA-00482-00136641-00136952 differences within these properties the
QIKtg1HamaA-00483-00136953-00137252 chromatin of IPS sees appears to be more
QIKtg1HamaA-00484-00137253-00137627 closed or methylated than that of ES
QIKtg1HamaA-00485-00137628-00137953 sees similarly the gene expression
QIKtg1HamaA-00486-00137954-00138340 pattern between es CS and IPS CS or even
QIKtg1HamaA-00487-00138341-00138649 IPS see sourced from different origins
QIKtg1HamaA-00488-00138650-00138916 there are thus questions about the
QIKtg1HamaA-00489-00138917-00139264 completeness of reprogramming and the
QIKtg1HamaA-00490-00139265-00139469 somatic memory of induced pluripotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00491-00139470-00139603 stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00492-00139604-00139937 despite this inducing adult cells to be
QIKtg1HamaA-00493-00139938-00140290 pluripotent appears to be viable as a
QIKtg1HamaA-00494-00140291-00140471 result of the success of these
QIKtg1HamaA-00495-00140472-00140738 experiments Ian's wilmut who helped
QIKtg1HamaA-00496-00140739-00140977 create the first cloned animal Dolly the
QIKtg1HamaA-00497-00140978-00141194 sheep has announced that he will abandon
QIKtg1HamaA-00498-00141195-00141458 somatic cell nuclear transfer as an
QIKtg1HamaA-00499-00141459-00141722 avenue of research furthermore induced
QIKtg1HamaA-00500-00141723-00141971 pluripotent stem cells provide several
QIKtg1HamaA-00501-00141972-00142373 therapeutic advantages like esc s
QIKtg1HamaA-00502-00142374-00142634 they are pluripotent they thus have
QIKtg1HamaA-00503-00142635-00142844 great differentiation potential
QIKtg1HamaA-00504-00142845-00143072 theoretically they could produce any
QIKtg1HamaA-00505-00143073-00143239 cell within the human body
QIKtg1HamaA-00506-00143240-00143506 if reprogramming to pluripotency was
QIKtg1HamaA-00507-00143507-00143981 complete moreover unlike esc s they
QIKtg1HamaA-00508-00143982-00144161 potentially could allow doctors to
QIKtg1HamaA-00509-00144162-00144437 create a pluripotent stem cell line for
QIKtg1HamaA-00510-00144438-00144758 each individual patient frozen blood
QIKtg1HamaA-00511-00144759-00145003 samples can be used as a valuable source
QIKtg1HamaA-00512-00145004-00145306 of induced pluripotent stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00513-00145307-00145595 patients specific stem cells allow for
QIKtg1HamaA-00514-00145596-00145772 the screening for side effects before
QIKtg1HamaA-00515-00145773-00146012 drug treatment as well as the reduced
QIKtg1HamaA-00516-00146013-00146287 risk of transplantation rejection
QIKtg1HamaA-00517-00146288-00146519 despite their current limited use
QIKtg1HamaA-00518-00146520-00146837 therapeutically IPS sees hold create
QIKtg1HamaA-00519-00146838-00147077 potential for future use in medical
QIKtg1HamaA-00520-00147078-00147370 treatment and research
QIKtg1HamaA-00521-00147371-00147746 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00522-00147747-00148295 topic lineage
QIKtg1HamaA-00523-00148296-00148580 to ensure self-renewal stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00524-00148581-00148865 undergo two types of cell division see
QIKtg1HamaA-00525-00148866-00149074 stem cell division and differentiation
QIKtg1HamaA-00526-00149075-00149456 diagram symmetric division gives rise to
QIKtg1HamaA-00527-00149457-00149693 two identical daughter cells both
QIKtg1HamaA-00528-00149694-00149974 endowed with stem cell properties
QIKtg1HamaA-00529-00149975-00150245 asymmetric division on the other hand
QIKtg1HamaA-00530-00150246-00150503 produces only one stem cell and a
QIKtg1HamaA-00531-00150504-00150710 progenitor cell with limited self
QIKtg1HamaA-00532-00150711-00151043 renewal potential progenitors can go
QIKtg1HamaA-00533-00151044-00151250 through several rounds of cell division
QIKtg1HamaA-00534-00151251-00151487 before terminally differentiating into a
QIKtg1HamaA-00535-00151488-00151793 mature cell it is possible that the
QIKtg1HamaA-00536-00151794-00152018 molecular distinction between symmetric
QIKtg1HamaA-00537-00152019-00152231 and asymmetric divisions lies in
QIKtg1HamaA-00538-00152232-00152420 differential segregation of cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00539-00152421-00152666 membrane proteins such as receptors
QIKtg1HamaA-00540-00152667-00152837 between the daughter cells an
QIKtg1HamaA-00541-00152838-00153086 alternative theory is that stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00542-00153087-00153287 remain indifferent she ated due to
QIKtg1HamaA-00543-00153288-00153509 environmental cues in their particular
QIKtg1HamaA-00544-00153510-00153866 niche stem cells differentiate when they
QIKtg1HamaA-00545-00153867-00154082 leave that niche are no longer received
QIKtg1HamaA-00546-00154083-00154415 those signals studies in Drosophila
QIKtg1HamaA-00547-00154416-00154646 Chair Miriam have identified the signals
QIKtg1HamaA-00548-00154647-00154838 deca Penta plea jerk and adherence
QIKtg1HamaA-00549-00154839-00155075 junctions that prevent share Mariam stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00550-00155076-00155398 cells from differentiating
QIKtg1HamaA-00551-00155399-00155774 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00552-00155775-00156353 topic treatments
QIKtg1HamaA-00553-00156354-00156635 stem-cell therapy is the use of stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00554-00156636-00156851 cells to treat or prevent a disease or
QIKtg1HamaA-00555-00156852-00157208 condition bone marrow transplant as a
QIKtg1HamaA-00556-00157209-00157457 form of stem cell therapy that has been
QIKtg1HamaA-00557-00157458-00157793 used for many years without controversy
QIKtg1HamaA-00558-00157794-00158201 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00559-00158202-00158776 topic advantages
QIKtg1HamaA-00560-00158777-00159054 stem-cell treatments may lower symptoms
QIKtg1HamaA-00561-00159055-00159238 of the disease or condition that is
QIKtg1HamaA-00562-00159239-00159544 being treated the lowering of symptoms
QIKtg1HamaA-00563-00159545-00159763 may allow patients to reduce the drug
QIKtg1HamaA-00564-00159764-00160099 intake of the disease or condition stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00565-00160100-00160300 cell treatment may also provide
QIKtg1HamaA-00566-00160301-00160491 knowledge for society to further
QIKtg1HamaA-00567-00160492-00160723 stem-cell understanding and future
QIKtg1HamaA-00568-00160724-00160892 treatments
QIKtg1HamaA-00569-00160893-00161300 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00570-00161301-00161728 topic disadvantages
QIKtg1HamaA-00571-00161729-00161897 you
QIKtg1HamaA-00572-00161898-00162136 stem-cell treatments may require
QIKtg1HamaA-00573-00162137-00162311 immunosuppression because of a
QIKtg1HamaA-00574-00162312-00162526 requirement for radiation before the
QIKtg1HamaA-00575-00162527-00162712 transplant to remove the person's
QIKtg1HamaA-00576-00162713-00162959 previous cells or because the patient's
QIKtg1HamaA-00577-00162960-00163227 immune system may target the stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00578-00163228-00163501 one approach to avoid the second
QIKtg1HamaA-00579-00163502-00163733 possibility is to use stem cells from
QIKtg1HamaA-00580-00163734-00164056 the same patient who is being treated
QIKtg1HamaA-00581-00164057-00164341 pluripotency in certain stem cells could
QIKtg1HamaA-00582-00164342-00164534 also make it difficult to obtain a
QIKtg1HamaA-00583-00164535-00164875 specific cell type it is also difficult
QIKtg1HamaA-00584-00164876-00165139 to obtain the exact cell type needed
QIKtg1HamaA-00585-00165140-00165370 because not all cells in a population
QIKtg1HamaA-00586-00165371-00165658 differentiate uniformly in
QIKtg1HamaA-00587-00165659-00165913 differentiated cells can create tissues
QIKtg1HamaA-00588-00165914-00166193 other than desired types some stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00589-00166194-00166432 form tumors after transplantation
QIKtg1HamaA-00590-00166433-00166661 pluripotency is linked to tumor
QIKtg1HamaA-00591-00166662-00166927 formation especially in embryonic stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00592-00166928-00167222 cells fetal proper stem cells induced
QIKtg1HamaA-00593-00167223-00167621 pluripotent stem cells fetal proper stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00594-00167622-00168404 cells form tumors despite multi potency
QIKtg1HamaA-00595-00168405-00168963 topic research
QIKtg1HamaA-00596-00168964-00169227 some of the fundamental patents covering
QIKtg1HamaA-00597-00169228-00169485 human embryonic stem cells are owned by
QIKtg1HamaA-00598-00169486-00169728 the Wisconsin alumni Research Foundation
QIKtg1HamaA-00599-00169729-00169839 Worf
QIKtg1HamaA-00600-00169840-00170025 they are patents five million eight
QIKtg1HamaA-00601-00170026-00170238 hundred forty-three thousand seven
QIKtg1HamaA-00602-00170239-00170451 hundred eighty six million two hundred
QIKtg1HamaA-00603-00170452-00170727 thousand eight hundred six and seven
QIKtg1HamaA-00604-00170728-00170898 million twenty nine thousand nine
QIKtg1HamaA-00605-00170899-00171132 hundred thirteen invented by James a
QIKtg1HamaA-00606-00171133-00171453 Thompson Worf does not enforce these
QIKtg1HamaA-00607-00171454-00171741 patents against academic scientists but
QIKtg1HamaA-00608-00171742-00171977 does enforce them against companies in
QIKtg1HamaA-00609-00171978-00172320 2006 a request for the US Patent and
QIKtg1HamaA-00610-00172321-00172695 Trademark Office USPTO to re-examine the
QIKtg1HamaA-00611-00172696-00172911 three patents was filed by the public
QIKtg1HamaA-00612-00172912-00173115 patent foundation on behalf of its
QIKtg1HamaA-00613-00173116-00173378 client the nonprofit patent watchdog
QIKtg1HamaA-00614-00173379-00173654 group consumer watchdog formerly the
QIKtg1HamaA-00615-00173655-00173903 foundation for taxpayer and consumer
QIKtg1HamaA-00616-00173904-00174203 rights in the re-examination process
QIKtg1HamaA-00617-00174204-00174453 which involves several rounds of
QIKtg1HamaA-00618-00174454-00174720 discussion between the USPTO and the
QIKtg1HamaA-00619-00174721-00175044 parties the USPTO initially agreed with
QIKtg1HamaA-00620-00175045-00175278 consumer watchdog and rejected all the
QIKtg1HamaA-00621-00175279-00175553 claims in all three patents however in
QIKtg1HamaA-00622-00175554-00175815 response Worf amended the claims of all
QIKtg1HamaA-00623-00175816-00176010 three patents to make them more narrow
QIKtg1HamaA-00624-00176011-00176415 and in 2008 the USPTO found the amended
QIKtg1HamaA-00625-00176416-00176625 claims in all three patents to be
QIKtg1HamaA-00626-00176626-00176928 patentable the decision on one of the
QIKtg1HamaA-00627-00176929-00177140 patents seven million twenty nine
QIKtg1HamaA-00628-00177141-00177365 thousand nine hundred thirteen was
QIKtg1HamaA-00629-00177366-00177585 appealable while the decisions on the
QIKtg1HamaA-00630-00177586-00177929 other two were not consumer watchdog
QIKtg1HamaA-00631-00177930-00178245 appealed the granting of the 913 patent
QIKtg1HamaA-00632-00178246-00178529 to the USPTO s Board of patent appeals
QIKtg1HamaA-00633-00178530-00178782 and interferences bpai
QIKtg1HamaA-00634-00178783-00179090 which granted the appeal and in 2010 the
QIKtg1HamaA-00635-00179091-00179382 bpai decided that the amended claims of
QIKtg1HamaA-00636-00179383-00179723 the 913 patent were not patentable
QIKtg1HamaA-00637-00179724-00180014 however Worf was able to reopen
QIKtg1HamaA-00638-00180015-00180240 prosecution of the case and did so
QIKtg1HamaA-00639-00180241-00180566 amending the claims of the 913 patent
QIKtg1HamaA-00640-00180567-00180774 again to make them more narrow and in
QIKtg1HamaA-00641-00180775-00181068 January 2013 the amended claims were
QIKtg1HamaA-00642-00181069-00181425 allowed in July 2013 consumer watchdog
QIKtg1HamaA-00643-00181426-00181587 announced that it would appeal the
QIKtg1HamaA-00644-00181588-00181887 decision to allow the claims of the 913
QIKtg1HamaA-00645-00181888-00182136 patent to the US Court of Appeals for
QIKtg1HamaA-00646-00182137-00182296 the Federal Circuit see
QIKtg1HamaA-00647-00182297-00182577 FC the federal appeals court that here's
QIKtg1HamaA-00648-00182578-00182926 patent cases at a hearing in December
QIKtg1HamaA-00649-00182927-00183274 2013 the CAFC raised the question of
QIKtg1HamaA-00650-00183275-00183496 whether consumer watchdog had legal
QIKtg1HamaA-00651-00183497-00183702 standing to appeal the case could not
QIKtg1HamaA-00652-00183703-00184446 proceed until that issue was resolved
QIKtg1HamaA-00653-00184447-00184981 topic treatment
QIKtg1HamaA-00654-00184982-00185245 diseases and conditions where stem-cell
QIKtg1HamaA-00655-00185246-00185631 treatment is being investigated include
QIKtg1HamaA-00656-00185632-00186101 diabetes rheumatoid arthritis
QIKtg1HamaA-00657-00186102-00186614 Parkinson's disease Alzheimer's disease
QIKtg1HamaA-00658-00186615-00187021 osteoarthritis stroke and traumatic
QIKtg1HamaA-00659-00187022-00187401 brain injury repair learning disability
QIKtg1HamaA-00660-00187402-00187791 due to congenital disorder spinal cord
QIKtg1HamaA-00661-00187792-00188234 injury repair heart infarction
QIKtg1HamaA-00662-00188235-00188714 anti-cancer treatments baldness reversal
QIKtg1HamaA-00663-00188715-00189195 replace missing teeth repair hearing
QIKtg1HamaA-00664-00189196-00189486 restore vision and repair damage to the
QIKtg1HamaA-00665-00189487-00189959 cornea amyotrophic lateral sclerosis
QIKtg1HamaA-00666-00189960-00190178 crohn's disease
QIKtg1HamaA-00667-00190179-00190623 wound healing male infertility due to
QIKtg1HamaA-00668-00190624-00190965 absence of spermatogonia stem cells in
QIKtg1HamaA-00669-00190966-00191262 recent studies scientists have found a
QIKtg1HamaA-00670-00191263-00191424 way to solve this problem by
QIKtg1HamaA-00671-00191425-00191652 reprogramming a cell and turning it into
QIKtg1HamaA-00672-00191653-00192003 a spermatozoon other studies have proven
QIKtg1HamaA-00673-00192004-00192249 the restoration of spermatogenesis by
QIKtg1HamaA-00674-00192250-00192568 introducing human IPSC cells in mice
QIKtg1HamaA-00675-00192569-00192891 testicles this could mean the end of a
QIKtg1HamaA-00676-00192892-00193321 ZOA sperm 'ya female infertility oocytes
QIKtg1HamaA-00677-00193322-00193671 made from embryonic stem cells recently
QIKtg1HamaA-00678-00193672-00193935 scientists have found the ovarian stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00679-00193936-00194376 cells a rare type of cells 0o 1 4%
QIKtg1HamaA-00680-00194377-00194707 found in the ovary it is not clear their
QIKtg1HamaA-00681-00194708-00194946 existence yet but the impact it could
QIKtg1HamaA-00682-00194947-00195258 have are limitless it could be used as a
QIKtg1HamaA-00683-00195259-00195522 treatment not only for infertility but
QIKtg1HamaA-00684-00195523-00195783 also for premature ovarian insufficiency
QIKtg1HamaA-00685-00195784-00196077 research is underway to develop various
QIKtg1HamaA-00686-00196078-00196359 sources for stem cells and to apply stem
QIKtg1HamaA-00687-00196360-00196521 cell treatments for neurodegenerative
QIKtg1HamaA-00688-00196522-00196887 diseases and conditions diabetes heart
QIKtg1HamaA-00689-00196888-00197259 disease and other conditions research is
QIKtg1HamaA-00690-00197260-00197502 also underway in generating organoids
QIKtg1HamaA-00691-00197503-00197733 using stem cells which would allow for
QIKtg1HamaA-00692-00197734-00197934 further understanding of human
QIKtg1HamaA-00693-00197935-00198204 development organogenesis and
QIKtg1HamaA-00694-00198205-00198420 modeling of human diseases in more
QIKtg1HamaA-00695-00198421-00198627 recent years with the ability of
QIKtg1HamaA-00696-00198628-00198852 scientists to isolate and culture
QIKtg1HamaA-00697-00198853-00199116 embryonic stem cells and with scientists
QIKtg1HamaA-00698-00199117-00199356 growing ability to create stem cells
QIKtg1HamaA-00699-00199357-00199641 using somatic cell nuclear transfer and
QIKtg1HamaA-00700-00199642-00199842 techniques to create induced pluripotent
QIKtg1HamaA-00701-00199843-00200196 stem cells controversy has crept in both
QIKtg1HamaA-00702-00200197-00200475 related to abortion politics into human
QIKtg1HamaA-00703-00200476-00200868 cloning hepatotoxicity and drug-induced
QIKtg1HamaA-00704-00200869-00201072 liver injury account for a substantial
QIKtg1HamaA-00705-00201073-00201321 number of failures of new drugs in
QIKtg1HamaA-00706-00201322-00201507 development and market withdrawal
QIKtg1HamaA-00707-00201508-00201714 highlighting the need for screening
QIKtg1HamaA-00708-00201715-00201918 assays such as stem cell derived
QIKtg1HamaA-00709-00201919-00202167 hepatocyte like cells that are capable
QIKtg1HamaA-00710-00202168-00202461 of detecting toxicity early in the drug
QIKtg1HamaA-00711-00202462-00202764 development process
QIKtg1HamaA-00712-00202765-00203180 equals equals see also
QKvNYPttqy8-00000-00000079-00000295 for this problem we want to graph the
QKvNYPttqy8-00001-00000296-00000342 circle
QKvNYPttqy8-00002-00000343-00000647 with the equation x squared plus 6x
QKvNYPttqy8-00003-00000648-00000943 plus y squared plus 4y equals negative
QKvNYPttqy8-00004-00000944-00001023 9.
QKvNYPttqy8-00005-00001024-00001215 first we need to put the equation into
QKvNYPttqy8-00006-00001216-00001358 standard form
QKvNYPttqy8-00007-00001359-00001550 to do this we need to complete the
QKvNYPttqy8-00008-00001551-00001663 square for x
QKvNYPttqy8-00009-00001664-00001967 and for y to complete the square for x
QKvNYPttqy8-00010-00001968-00002215 we take the coefficient of x which is
QKvNYPttqy8-00011-00002216-00002310 six
QKvNYPttqy8-00012-00002311-00002599 and then we multiply it by one half
QKvNYPttqy8-00013-00002600-00002815 which is equal to three
QKvNYPttqy8-00014-00002816-00003079 then we take three and we square it
QKvNYPttqy8-00015-00003080-00003247 which is equal to nine
QKvNYPttqy8-00016-00003247-00003486 so now we add nine to both sides of the
QKvNYPttqy8-00017-00003488-00003590 equation
QKvNYPttqy8-00018-00003592-00003886 to complete the square for y we take the
QKvNYPttqy8-00019-00003887-00004006 coefficient of y
QKvNYPttqy8-00020-00004007-00004463 which is four we multiply it by one half
QKvNYPttqy8-00021-00004464-00004822 which is equal to two then we take two
QKvNYPttqy8-00022-00004823-00005111 and we square it which is equal to four
QKvNYPttqy8-00023-00005112-00005254 so now we add four
QKvNYPttqy8-00024-00005255-00005511 to both sides of the equation by
QKvNYPttqy8-00025-00005512-00005654 completing the square
QKvNYPttqy8-00026-00005655-00005991 our equation becomes x
QKvNYPttqy8-00027-00005992-00006422 plus three squared plus
QKvNYPttqy8-00028-00006423-00006823 y plus two squared
QKvNYPttqy8-00029-00006823-00007151 equals four now that our equation is in
QKvNYPttqy8-00030-00007152-00007214 standard
QKvNYPttqy8-00031-00007215-00007639 form we know that h is equal to negative
QKvNYPttqy8-00032-00007640-00007767 three
QKvNYPttqy8-00033-00007768-00008103 k is equal to negative two
QKvNYPttqy8-00034-00008104-00008503 and r squared is equal to four
QKvNYPttqy8-00035-00008504-00008839 this means that r is equal to the square
QKvNYPttqy8-00036-00008840-00008974 root of four
QKvNYPttqy8-00037-00008975-00009287 which is equal to two now we know that
QKvNYPttqy8-00038-00009288-00009414 our center
QKvNYPttqy8-00039-00009415-00009742 is at negative three
QKvNYPttqy8-00040-00009743-00010078 negative two and that the radius
QKvNYPttqy8-00041-00010079-00010391 is equal to 2. now we can graph the
QKvNYPttqy8-00042-00010392-00010535 points of our circle
QKvNYPttqy8-00043-00010536-00010919 the center is at negative 3 negative 2
QKvNYPttqy8-00044-00010920-00011135 and since the radius is 2 our outside
QKvNYPttqy8-00045-00011136-00011310 points are at
QKvNYPttqy8-00046-00011311-00011670 negative 3 0 negative 1 negative 2
QKvNYPttqy8-00047-00011671-00012031 negative 3 negative 4 and negative 5
QKvNYPttqy8-00048-00012032-00012135 negative 3.
QKvNYPttqy8-00049-00012136-00012319 connecting these points we get the graph
QKvNYPttqy8-00050-00012320-00012542 of the circle and this is the final
QKvNYPttqy8-00051-00012543-00012807 answer
QKwGSzQcPGy-00000-00000035-00000453 Rubi as a dynamic interpreted reflective
QKwGSzQcPGy-00001-00000454-00000628 object-oriented general-purpose
QKwGSzQcPGy-00002-00000629-00000923 programming language it was designed and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00003-00000924-00001183 developed in the mid-1990s by Yukihiro
QKwGSzQcPGy-00004-00001184-00001655 Matz Matsumoto in Japan according to the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00005-00001655-00001868 creator ruby was influenced by Perl
QKwGSzQcPGy-00006-00001869-00002189 small talk Eiffel ADA and Lisp it
QKwGSzQcPGy-00007-00002190-00002401 supports multiple programming paradigms
QKwGSzQcPGy-00008-00002402-00002650 including functional object-oriented and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00009-00002651-00002945 imperative it also has a dynamic type
QKwGSzQcPGy-00010-00002946-00003515 system and automatic memory management
QKwGSzQcPGy-00011-00003517-00003949 topic history
QKwGSzQcPGy-00012-00003950-00004474 topic early concept
QKwGSzQcPGy-00013-00004475-00004703 Matsumoto has said that ruby was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00014-00004704-00005104 conceived in 1993 in a 1999 post to the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00015-00005105-00005249 ruby talk mailing list
QKwGSzQcPGy-00016-00005250-00005435 he describes some of his early ideas
QKwGSzQcPGy-00017-00005436-00005713 about the language I was talking with my
QKwGSzQcPGy-00018-00005714-00005897 colleague about the possibility of an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00019-00005898-00006097 object-oriented scripting language
QKwGSzQcPGy-00020-00006098-00006431 I knew Perl pearl for not Perl 5 but I
QKwGSzQcPGy-00021-00006431-00006617 didn't like it really because it had the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00022-00006618-00006920 smell of a toy language it still has the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00023-00006920-00007123 object-oriented language seemed very
QKwGSzQcPGy-00024-00007125-00007198 promising
QKwGSzQcPGy-00025-00007200-00007456 I knew Python then but I didn't like it
QKwGSzQcPGy-00026-00007458-00007616 because I didn't think it was a true
QKwGSzQcPGy-00027-00007617-00007820 object-oriented language who features
QKwGSzQcPGy-00028-00007820-00007999 appeared to be add on to the language as
QKwGSzQcPGy-00029-00008000-00008348 a language maniac a new fan for 15 years
QKwGSzQcPGy-00030-00008349-00008491 I really wanted a genuine
QKwGSzQcPGy-00031-00008492-00008710 object-oriented easy to use scripting
QKwGSzQcPGy-00032-00008711-00008957 language I looked for but couldn't find
QKwGSzQcPGy-00033-00008958-00009326 one so I decided to make it Matsumoto
QKwGSzQcPGy-00034-00009327-00009533 describes the design of Ruby as being
QKwGSzQcPGy-00035-00009534-00009737 like a simple Lisp language at its core
QKwGSzQcPGy-00036-00009738-00009902 with an object system like that of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00037-00009903-00010118 Smalltalk blocks inspired by higher
QKwGSzQcPGy-00038-00010119-00010307 order functions and practical utility
QKwGSzQcPGy-00039-00010308-00010679 like that of Perl
QKwGSzQcPGy-00040-00010680-00011254 topic the name Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00041-00011255-00011596 the name Ruby originated during an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00042-00011597-00011818 online chat session between Matsumoto
QKwGSzQcPGy-00043-00011819-00012109 and key Jewish itsuka on February 24
QKwGSzQcPGy-00044-00012110-00012373 1993 before any code had been written
QKwGSzQcPGy-00045-00012374-00012631 for the language initially two names
QKwGSzQcPGy-00046-00012632-00013116 were proposed coral and Ruby Matsumoto
QKwGSzQcPGy-00047-00013118-00013303 chose the latter in a later email to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00048-00013304-00013566 each itsuka Matsumoto later noted a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00049-00013568-00013855 factor in choosing the name Ruby it was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00050-00013856-00014383 the birthstone of one of his colleagues
QKwGSzQcPGy-00051-00014384-00014859 topic first publication
QKwGSzQcPGy-00052-00014860-00015210 the first public release of ruby 0.95
QKwGSzQcPGy-00053-00015211-00015422 was announced on Japanese domestic news
QKwGSzQcPGy-00054-00015424-00015734 groups on December 21st 1995
QKwGSzQcPGy-00055-00015735-00015987 subsequently three more versions of Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00056-00015988-00016257 were released in two days the release
QKwGSzQcPGy-00057-00016258-00016416 coincided with the launch of the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00058-00016417-00016647 Japanese language Ruby list mailing list
QKwGSzQcPGy-00059-00016648-00016842 which was the first mailing list for the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00060-00016843-00017130 new language already present at this
QKwGSzQcPGy-00061-00017131-00017307 stage of development were many of the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00062-00017308-00017514 features familiar in later releases of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00063-00017515-00017727 ruby including object-oriented design
QKwGSzQcPGy-00064-00017728-00017949 classes with inheritance mix-ins
QKwGSzQcPGy-00065-00017950-00018210 iterators closures exception handling
QKwGSzQcPGy-00066-00018211-00018604 and garbage collection
QKwGSzQcPGy-00067-00018605-00019223 topic early releases following the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00068-00019224-00019610 release of Ruby 0.95 in 1995 several
QKwGSzQcPGy-00069-00019611-00019838 stable versions of Ruby were released in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00070-00019839-00020189 the following years ruby 1.0 December
QKwGSzQcPGy-00071-00020190-00020872 25th 1996 Ruby 1.2 December 1998 Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00072-00020873-00021472 1.4 August 1999 Ruby 1.6 September 2000
QKwGSzQcPGy-00073-00021473-00021776 in 1997 the first article about ruby was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00074-00021777-00022034 published on the web in the same year
QKwGSzQcPGy-00075-00022035-00022334 matsumoto was hired by net lab JP to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00076-00022335-00022565 work on Ruby as a full-time developer in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00077-00022566-00022853 1998 the Ruby application archive was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00078-00022854-00023042 launched by Matsumoto along with a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00079-00023043-00023237 simple english-language home page for
QKwGSzQcPGy-00080-00023238-00023494 Ruby in 1999 the first english-language
QKwGSzQcPGy-00081-00023495-00023744 mailing list Ruby talk began which
QKwGSzQcPGy-00082-00023745-00023897 signaled a growing interest in the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00083-00023898-00024172 language outside Japan in this same year
QKwGSzQcPGy-00084-00024173-00024446 Matsumoto and key Jewish itsuka wrote
QKwGSzQcPGy-00085-00024447-00024599 the first book on Ruby the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00086-00024600-00024812 object-oriented scripting language Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00087-00024813-00025088 abuja kudo ji Chang soo Curie puto Yan
QKwGSzQcPGy-00088-00025089-00025310 Yu Ruby which was published in Japan in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00089-00025311-00025649 October 1999 it would be followed in the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00090-00025650-00025915 early 2000s by around 20 books on Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00091-00025916-00026189 published in Japanese by 2000 Ruby was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00092-00026189-00026402 more popular than Python in Japan in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00093-00026402-00026648 September 2000 the first
QKwGSzQcPGy-00094-00026649-00026870 english-language book programming ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00095-00026870-00027050 was printed which was later freely
QKwGSzQcPGy-00096-00027051-00027158 released to the public
QKwGSzQcPGy-00097-00027158-00027340 further widening the adoption of ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00098-00027341-00027479 amongst english speakers
QKwGSzQcPGy-00099-00027480-00027845 in early 2002 the English language ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00100-00027845-00028033 talk mailing list was receiving more
QKwGSzQcPGy-00101-00028035-00028240 messages than the Japanese language Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00102-00028241-00028469 List demonstrating Ruby's increasing
QKwGSzQcPGy-00103-00028470-00028688 popularity in the non Japanese speaking
QKwGSzQcPGy-00104-00028689-00028989 world
QKwGSzQcPGy-00105-00028991-00029749 topic ruby 1.8 ruby 1.8 was initially
QKwGSzQcPGy-00106-00029750-00030025 released August 2003 was stable for a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00107-00030026-00030295 long time and was retired June 2013
QKwGSzQcPGy-00108-00030295-00030547 although deprecated there is still code
QKwGSzQcPGy-00109-00030548-00030625 based on it
QKwGSzQcPGy-00110-00030626-00030904 Ruby 1.8 is only partially compatible
QKwGSzQcPGy-00111-00030905-00031348 with ruby 1.9 ruby 1.8 has been the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00112-00031349-00031543 subject of several industry standards
QKwGSzQcPGy-00113-00031544-00031831 the language specifications for ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00114-00031832-00031995 were developed by the open standards
QKwGSzQcPGy-00115-00031997-00032200 promotion center of the information
QKwGSzQcPGy-00116-00032201-00032449 technology promotion agency a japanese
QKwGSzQcPGy-00117-00032450-00032656 government agency for submission to the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00118-00032657-00032860 japanese industrial standards committee
QKwGSzQcPGy-00119-00032861-00033109 JIS c and then to the International
QKwGSzQcPGy-00120-00033110-00033424 Organization for Standardization ISO it
QKwGSzQcPGy-00121-00033425-00033640 was accepted as a Japanese industrial
QKwGSzQcPGy-00122-00033641-00034018 standard G's x3000 17 in 2011 and an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00123-00034019-00034435 international standard iso/iec 30000 170
QKwGSzQcPGy-00124-00034436-00034780 in 2012 around 2005 interest in the Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00125-00034781-00034981 language surged in tandem with Ruby on
QKwGSzQcPGy-00126-00034982-00035202 Rails a web framework written in Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00127-00035203-00035449 rails is frequently credited with
QKwGSzQcPGy-00128-00035450-00035879 increasing awareness of Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00129-00035880-00036677 topic ruby 1.9 ruby 1.9 was released on
QKwGSzQcPGy-00130-00036678-00037004 christmas day in 2007 effective with
QKwGSzQcPGy-00131-00037005-00037402 ruby 1.9.3 released october 31st 2011
QKwGSzQcPGy-00132-00037403-00037643 ruby switched from being dual licensed
QKwGSzQcPGy-00133-00037644-00037864 under the ruby license and the GPL to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00134-00037865-00038030 being dual licensed under the ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00135-00038031-00038305 license and the to claus bsd license
QKwGSzQcPGy-00136-00038306-00038611 adoption of 1.9 was slowed by changes
QKwGSzQcPGy-00137-00038612-00038864 from 1.8 that required many popular
QKwGSzQcPGy-00138-00038865-00039167 third-party gems to be rewritten ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00139-00039168-00039461 1.9 introduces many significant changes
QKwGSzQcPGy-00140-00039462-00039932 over the 1.8 series examples blanc local
QKwGSzQcPGy-00141-00039933-00040151 variables variables that are local to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00142-00040152-00040374 the Block in which they are declared an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00143-00040375-00040727 additional lambda syntax F equals to a B
QKwGSzQcPGy-00144-00040728-00041065 puts a plus B an additional hash literal
QKwGSzQcPGy-00145-00041066-00041264 syntax using colons for symbol keys
QKwGSzQcPGy-00146-00041265-00041929 symbol underscore key value equals
QKwGSzQcPGy-00147-00041930-00042534 topic symbol underscore key
QKwGSzQcPGy-00148-00042535-00042960 greater than value per string character
QKwGSzQcPGy-00149-00042961-00043307 encodings are supported new socket API
QKwGSzQcPGy-00150-00043308-00043707 ipv6 support require underscore relative
QKwGSzQcPGy-00151-00043708-00043971 import security ruby 1.9 has been
QKwGSzQcPGy-00152-00043972-00044301 obsolete since february 23rd 2015 and it
QKwGSzQcPGy-00153-00044302-00044502 will no longer receive bug and security
QKwGSzQcPGy-00154-00044503-00044802 fixes users are advised to upgrade to a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00155-00044803-00045177 more recent version
QKwGSzQcPGy-00156-00045178-00045939 topic ruby 2.0 ruby 2.0 added several
QKwGSzQcPGy-00157-00045940-00046242 new features including method keyword
QKwGSzQcPGy-00158-00046243-00046578 arguments a new method module hashtag
QKwGSzQcPGy-00159-00046579-00046884 prepend for extending a class a new
QKwGSzQcPGy-00160-00046885-00047108 literal for creating an array of symbols
QKwGSzQcPGy-00161-00047109-00047421 new api for the lazy evaluation of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00162-00047422-00047718 enumerables and a new convention of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00163-00047719-00047958 using hashtag 2h to convert objects to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00164-00047959-00048225 hashes ruby 2.0 is intended to be fully
QKwGSzQcPGy-00165-00048226-00048630 backward-compatible with ruby 1.9.3 as
QKwGSzQcPGy-00166-00048631-00048890 of the official 2 point 0.0 release on
QKwGSzQcPGy-00167-00048891-00049203 february 24 2013 there were only five
QKwGSzQcPGy-00168-00049204-00049431 known minor incompatibilities it has
QKwGSzQcPGy-00169-00049432-00049719 been obsolete since february 22nd 2016
QKwGSzQcPGy-00170-00049720-00049935 and it will no longer receive bug and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00171-00049936-00050220 security fixes users are advised to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00172-00050221-00050718 upgrade to a more recent version
QKwGSzQcPGy-00173-00050719-00051440 topic Ruby 2.1 Ruby 2 point 1.0 was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00174-00051441-00051755 released on Christmas Day in 2013 the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00175-00051757-00051996 release includes speed ups bug fixes and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00176-00051997-00052335 library updates starting with 2 point
QKwGSzQcPGy-00177-00052336-00052608 1.0 rubies versioning policy as more
QKwGSzQcPGy-00178-00052609-00052827 like semantic versioning although
QKwGSzQcPGy-00179-00052828-00053061 similar Ruby's versioning policy is not
QKwGSzQcPGy-00180-00053062-00053303 compatible with semantic versioning
QKwGSzQcPGy-00181-00053304-00053535 semantic versioning also provides
QKwGSzQcPGy-00182-00053536-00053741 additional labels for pre-release and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00183-00053742-00053901 build metadata are available as
QKwGSzQcPGy-00184-00053902-00054108 extensions to the major minor patch
QKwGSzQcPGy-00185-00054109-00054504 format not available at Ruby Ruby 2.1
QKwGSzQcPGy-00186-00054504-00054755 has been obsolete since April 1st 2017
QKwGSzQcPGy-00187-00054757-00054978 and it will no longer receive bug and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00188-00054979-00055266 security fixes users are advised to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00189-00055266-00055711 upgrade to a more recent version
QKwGSzQcPGy-00190-00055712-00056488 topic Ruby 2.2 Ruby 2 point 2.0 was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00191-00056489-00056809 released on Christmas Day in 2014 the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00192-00056810-00057051 release includes speed ups bug fixes and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00193-00057052-00057238 library updates and removes some
QKwGSzQcPGy-00194-00057239-00057504 deprecated API s most notably Ruby 2
QKwGSzQcPGy-00195-00057505-00057778 point 2.0 introduces changes to memory
QKwGSzQcPGy-00196-00057779-00057951 handling an incremental garbage
QKwGSzQcPGy-00197-00057952-00058114 collector support for garbage collection
QKwGSzQcPGy-00198-00058115-00058329 of symbols and the option to compile
QKwGSzQcPGy-00199-00058330-00058486 directly against Gemma Locke
QKwGSzQcPGy-00200-00058487-00058774 it also contains experimental support
QKwGSzQcPGy-00201-00058775-00059059 for using v4 2 with system and spawn and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00202-00059060-00059290 added support for the unicode 7.0
QKwGSzQcPGy-00203-00059291-00059545 specification features that were made
QKwGSzQcPGy-00204-00059546-00059851 obsolete or removed include call/cc the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00205-00059852-00060226 DL library digest h mac lib / tonal dot
QKwGSzQcPGy-00206-00060227-00060547 RB lib slash complex dot RB g server
QKwGSzQcPGy-00207-00060548-00060823 logger application as well as various c
QKwGSzQcPGy-00208-00060824-00061240 api functions poe RPC 64 performance
QKwGSzQcPGy-00209-00061241-00061519 since version 2.2 point 1 Ruby MRI
QKwGSzQcPGy-00210-00061520-00061872 performance on Poe RPC 64 was improved
QKwGSzQcPGy-00211-00061873-00062284 topic Ruby 2.3 Ruby 2 point 3.0 was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00212-00062285-00062626 released on Christmas Day in 2015 a few
QKwGSzQcPGy-00213-00062627-00062821 notable changes include the ability to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00214-00062822-00063030 mark all string literals as frozen by
QKwGSzQcPGy-00215-00063032-00063190 default with a consequently large
QKwGSzQcPGy-00216-00063191-00063357 performance increase in string
QKwGSzQcPGy-00217-00063358-00063642 operations hash comparison to allow
QKwGSzQcPGy-00218-00063644-00063816 direct checking of key value pairs
QKwGSzQcPGy-00219-00063817-00064111 instead of just keys a new safe
QKwGSzQcPGy-00220-00064112-00064315 navigation operator and that can ease
QKwGSzQcPGy-00221-00064316-00064597 nil handling eg instead of if obj and an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00222-00064598-00064948 obj dot foo and an obj dot foo bar we
QKwGSzQcPGy-00223-00064949-00065301 can use if obj and dot foo and bar the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00224-00065302-00065512 did underscore u underscore meme gem is
QKwGSzQcPGy-00225-00065513-00065719 now bundled by default and required on
QKwGSzQcPGy-00226-00065720-00065953 startup to automatically suggest similar
QKwGSzQcPGy-00227-00065954-00066118 name matches on a name error or no
QKwGSzQcPGy-00228-00066119-00066406 method error hash hash tag dig and array
QKwGSzQcPGy-00229-00066407-00066646 hash tag dig to easily extract deeply
QKwGSzQcPGy-00230-00066647-00066934 nested values eg given profile equals
QKwGSzQcPGy-00231-00066935-00067231 social Wikipedia named foo bass the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00232-00067232-00067438 value foo Baz can now be retrieved by
QKwGSzQcPGy-00233-00067439-00067771 profile dig social Wikipedia name grep
QKwGSzQcPGy-00234-00067772-00067990 underscore V Rega which will match all
QKwGSzQcPGy-00235-00067991-00068194 negative examples of a given regular
QKwGSzQcPGy-00236-00068195-00068368 expression in addition to other new
QKwGSzQcPGy-00237-00068369-00068631 features the 2.3 branch also includes
QKwGSzQcPGy-00238-00068632-00068844 many performance improvements updates
QKwGSzQcPGy-00239-00068845-00069091 and bug fixes including changes to proc
QKwGSzQcPGy-00240-00069092-00069363 Tagg call socket and IO use of exception
QKwGSzQcPGy-00241-00069364-00069582 keywords thread hash tag name handling
QKwGSzQcPGy-00242-00069583-00069871 default passive net FTP connections and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00243-00069872-00070228 rake being removed from stdlib.h Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00244-00070229-00070561 2.4 Ruby 2 point 4.0 was released on
QKwGSzQcPGy-00245-00070562-00070891 Christmas Day in 2016 a few notable
QKwGSzQcPGy-00246-00070892-00071185 changes include binding hash IRB start a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00247-00071186-00071428 repl session similar to binding dot pry
QKwGSzQcPGy-00248-00071429-00071704 unify fixnum and bignum into integer
QKwGSzQcPGy-00249-00071705-00071901 class string supports unicode case
QKwGSzQcPGy-00250-00071902-00072124 mappings not just ascii a new method
QKwGSzQcPGy-00251-00072125-00072373 riga hash tag match which is a faster
QKwGSzQcPGy-00252-00072374-00072594 boolean version of riga cash tag match
QKwGSzQcPGy-00253-00072595-00072796 thread deadlock detection now shows
QKwGSzQcPGy-00254-00072797-00072955 threads with their back trace and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00255-00072956-00073231 dependent cites 2.4 branch also includes
QKwGSzQcPGy-00256-00073232-00073437 performance improvements to hash table
QKwGSzQcPGy-00257-00073438-00073719 array hash tag max array hash tag men an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00258-00073720-00073924 instance variable access rubies
QKwGSzQcPGy-00259-00073925-00074179 popularity has been declining since 2014
QKwGSzQcPGy-00260-00074180-00074400 a slip that may be permanent in the face
QKwGSzQcPGy-00261-00074401-00074773 of increasing competition topic ruby 2.5
QKwGSzQcPGy-00262-00074774-00075031 Ruby 2 point 5.0 was released on
QKwGSzQcPGy-00263-00075032-00075363 Christmas Day in 2017 a few notable
QKwGSzQcPGy-00264-00075364-00075562 changes include rescue and ensure
QKwGSzQcPGy-00265-00075563-00075712 statements automatically use a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00266-00075713-00075900 surrounding to end block less need for
QKwGSzQcPGy-00267-00075901-00076135 extra begin end blocks method chaining
QKwGSzQcPGy-00268-00076136-00076330 with yield underscores self support
QKwGSzQcPGy-00269-00076331-00076504 branch coverage and Method coverage
QKwGSzQcPGy-00270-00076505-00076711 measurement easier hash transformations
QKwGSzQcPGy-00271-00076712-00076938 with hash hash tag slice and hash hash
QKwGSzQcPGy-00272-00076939-00077179 tag transform keys on top of that come a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00273-00077180-00077356 lot of performance improvements like
QKwGSzQcPGy-00274-00077357-00077601 faster block passing three times faster
QKwGSzQcPGy-00275-00077602-00077863 faster mutexes faster Erb templates and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00276-00077864-00078028 improvements on some concatenation
QKwGSzQcPGy-00277-00078029-00078337 methods topic table of versions topic
QKwGSzQcPGy-00278-00078338-00078568 philosophy Matsumoto has said that ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00279-00078569-00078718 is designed for programmer productivity
QKwGSzQcPGy-00280-00078719-00078973 and fun following the principles of good
QKwGSzQcPGy-00281-00078974-00079255 user interface design at a google Tech
QKwGSzQcPGy-00282-00079256-00079569 Talk in 2008 Matsumoto further stated I
QKwGSzQcPGy-00283-00079570-00079762 hope to see Ruby help every programmer
QKwGSzQcPGy-00284-00079763-00079932 in the world to be productive and to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00285-00079933-00080215 enjoy programming and to be happy that
QKwGSzQcPGy-00286-00080216-00080430 is the primary purpose of Ruby language
QKwGSzQcPGy-00287-00080431-00080650 he stresses that systems design needs to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00288-00080651-00080856 emphasize human rather than computer
QKwGSzQcPGy-00289-00080857-00081103 needs often people especially computer
QKwGSzQcPGy-00290-00081104-00081381 engineers focus on the machines they
QKwGSzQcPGy-00291-00081382-00081574 think by doing this the machine will run
QKwGSzQcPGy-00292-00081575-00081865 fast by doing this the machine will run
QKwGSzQcPGy-00293-00081866-00082093 more effectively by doing this the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00294-00082094-00082237 machine will something something
QKwGSzQcPGy-00295-00082238-00082465 something they are focusing on machines
QKwGSzQcPGy-00296-00082466-00082713 but in fact we need to focus on humans
QKwGSzQcPGy-00297-00082714-00082867 on how humans care about doing
QKwGSzQcPGy-00298-00082868-00083098 programming or operating the application
QKwGSzQcPGy-00299-00083099-00083380 of the machines we are the Masters they
QKwGSzQcPGy-00300-00083381-00083692 are the slaves ruby is said to follow
QKwGSzQcPGy-00301-00083693-00083905 the principle of least astonishment Pola
QKwGSzQcPGy-00302-00083906-00084081 meaning that the language should behave
QKwGSzQcPGy-00303-00084082-00084253 in such a way as to minimize confusion
QKwGSzQcPGy-00304-00084254-00084612 for experienced users Matsumoto has said
QKwGSzQcPGy-00305-00084613-00084799 his primary design goal was to make a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00306-00084800-00084993 language that he himself enjoyed using
QKwGSzQcPGy-00307-00084994-00085194 by minimizing programmer work and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00308-00085195-00085459 possible confusion he has said that he
QKwGSzQcPGy-00309-00085460-00085626 had not applied the principle of least
QKwGSzQcPGy-00310-00085627-00085846 astonishment to the design of ruby but
QKwGSzQcPGy-00311-00085847-00086023 nevertheless the phrase has come to be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00312-00086024-00086203 closely associated with the ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00313-00086204-00086449 programming language the phrase has
QKwGSzQcPGy-00314-00086450-00086637 itself been a source of surprise as
QKwGSzQcPGy-00315-00086638-00086821 novice users may take it to mean that
QKwGSzQcPGy-00316-00086822-00087012 Ruby's behaviors tried to closely match
QKwGSzQcPGy-00317-00087013-00087213 behaviors familiar from other languages
QKwGSzQcPGy-00318-00087214-00087553 in a May 2005 discussion on the news
QKwGSzQcPGy-00319-00087554-00087874 group comped langu B Matsumoto attempted
QKwGSzQcPGy-00320-00087875-00088090 to distance Ruby from Paula explaining
QKwGSzQcPGy-00321-00088091-00088261 that because any design choice will be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00322-00088262-00088494 surprising to someone he uses a personal
QKwGSzQcPGy-00323-00088495-00088767 standard in evaluating surprised if that
QKwGSzQcPGy-00324-00088768-00088992 personal standard remains consistent
QKwGSzQcPGy-00325-00088993-00089167 there would be few surprises for those
QKwGSzQcPGy-00326-00089168-00089376 familiar with the standard Matsumoto
QKwGSzQcPGy-00327-00089377-00089600 defined it this way in an interview
QKwGSzQcPGy-00328-00089601-00089871 everyone has an individual background
QKwGSzQcPGy-00329-00089872-00090144 someone may come from Python someone
QKwGSzQcPGy-00330-00090145-00090318 else may come from Perl and they may be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00331-00090319-00090519 surprised by different aspects of the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00332-00090520-00090784 language then they come up to me and say
QKwGSzQcPGy-00333-00090785-00090981 I was surprised by this feature of the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00334-00090982-00091204 language so ruby violates the principle
QKwGSzQcPGy-00335-00091205-00091482 of least surprise wait wait the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00336-00091483-00091699 principle of least surprise is not for
QKwGSzQcPGy-00337-00091700-00091921 you only the principle of least surprise
QKwGSzQcPGy-00338-00091922-00092187 means principle of least my surprise and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00339-00092188-00092394 it means the principle of least surprise
QKwGSzQcPGy-00340-00092395-00092698 after you learn Ruby very well for
QKwGSzQcPGy-00341-00092699-00092967 example I was a C++ programmer before I
QKwGSzQcPGy-00342-00092968-00093259 started designing Ruby I programmed in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00343-00093260-00093535 C++ exclusively for two or three years
QKwGSzQcPGy-00344-00093536-00093817 and after two years of C++ programming
QKwGSzQcPGy-00345-00093818-00094263 it still surprises me
QKwGSzQcPGy-00346-00094264-00094587 topic features
QKwGSzQcPGy-00347-00094588-00094772 you
QKwGSzQcPGy-00348-00094773-00094985 thoroughly object-oriented with
QKwGSzQcPGy-00349-00094986-00095256 inheritance mix-ins and metaclasses
QKwGSzQcPGy-00350-00095257-00095518 dynamic typing and duck typing
QKwGSzQcPGy-00351-00095519-00095747 everything is an expression even
QKwGSzQcPGy-00352-00095748-00095962 statements and everything is executed
QKwGSzQcPGy-00353-00095963-00096223 imperatively even declarations
QKwGSzQcPGy-00354-00096224-00096461 succinctly flexible syntax that
QKwGSzQcPGy-00355-00096462-00096680 minimizes syntactic noise and serves as
QKwGSzQcPGy-00356-00096681-00096823 a foundation for domain-specific
QKwGSzQcPGy-00357-00096824-00097160 languages dynamic reflection and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00358-00097161-00097367 alteration of objects to facilitate
QKwGSzQcPGy-00359-00097368-00097624 metaprogramming lexical closures
QKwGSzQcPGy-00360-00097625-00097862 iterators and generators with a block
QKwGSzQcPGy-00361-00097863-00098168 syntax literal notation for arrays
QKwGSzQcPGy-00362-00098169-00098475 hashes regular expressions and symbols
QKwGSzQcPGy-00363-00098476-00098793 embedding code in strings interpolation
QKwGSzQcPGy-00364-00098794-00099181 default arguments for levels of variable
QKwGSzQcPGy-00365-00099182-00099449 scope global class instance and local
QKwGSzQcPGy-00366-00099450-00099681 denoted by sigils or the lack thereof
QKwGSzQcPGy-00367-00099682-00099992 garbage collection first class
QKwGSzQcPGy-00368-00099993-00100325 continuations strict boolean coercion
QKwGSzQcPGy-00369-00100326-00100537 rules everything is true except false
QKwGSzQcPGy-00370-00100538-00100937 and nil exception handling operator
QKwGSzQcPGy-00371-00100938-00101194 overloading built-in support for
QKwGSzQcPGy-00372-00101195-00101425 rational numbers complex numbers and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00373-00101426-00101735 arbitrary precision arithmetic custom
QKwGSzQcPGy-00374-00101736-00101893 dispatch behavior through method
QKwGSzQcPGy-00375-00101894-00102100 underscore missing and const underscore
QKwGSzQcPGy-00376-00102101-00102398 missing native threads and cooperative
QKwGSzQcPGy-00377-00102399-00102792 fibers fibers are a 1.9 why arv feature
QKwGSzQcPGy-00378-00102793-00103078 initial support for Unicode and multiple
QKwGSzQcPGy-00379-00103079-00103353 character encodings no ICU support
QKwGSzQcPGy-00380-00103354-00103816 native plugin API and C interactive Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00381-00103817-00104019 shell repl
QKwGSzQcPGy-00382-00104020-00104252 centralized package management through
QKwGSzQcPGy-00383-00104253-00104542 Ruby gems implemented on all major
QKwGSzQcPGy-00384-00104543-00104852 platforms large standard library
QKwGSzQcPGy-00385-00104853-00105299 including modules for YAML Jason XML CGI
QKwGSzQcPGy-00386-00105300-00105824 open sole HTTP FTP RSS curses is a Lib
QKwGSzQcPGy-00387-00105825-00106179 and TK
QKwGSzQcPGy-00388-00106180-00106941 topic semantics ruby is object-oriented
QKwGSzQcPGy-00389-00106942-00107151 every value is an object including
QKwGSzQcPGy-00390-00107152-00107373 classes and instances of types that many
QKwGSzQcPGy-00391-00107374-00107583 other languages designate as primitives
QKwGSzQcPGy-00392-00107584-00107891 such as integers boolean's and null
QKwGSzQcPGy-00393-00107892-00108135 variables always hold references to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00394-00108136-00108397 objects every function as a method and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00395-00108398-00108597 methods are always called on an object
QKwGSzQcPGy-00396-00108598-00108844 methods defined at the top-level scope
QKwGSzQcPGy-00397-00108845-00109156 become methods of the object class since
QKwGSzQcPGy-00398-00109157-00109357 this class is an ancestor of every other
QKwGSzQcPGy-00399-00109358-00109575 class such methods can be called on any
QKwGSzQcPGy-00400-00109576-00109846 object they are also visible in all
QKwGSzQcPGy-00401-00109847-00110068 scopes effectively serving as global
QKwGSzQcPGy-00402-00110069-00110356 procedures ruby supports inheritance
QKwGSzQcPGy-00403-00110357-00110565 with dynamic dispatch mix-ins and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00404-00110566-00110754 singleton methods belonging to and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00405-00110755-00110973 define for a single instance rather than
QKwGSzQcPGy-00406-00110974-00111232 being defined on the class though ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00407-00111233-00111390 does not support multiple inheritance
QKwGSzQcPGy-00408-00111391-00111662 classes can import modules as mix-ins
QKwGSzQcPGy-00409-00111663-00111873 ruby has been described as a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00410-00111874-00112104 multi-paradigm programming language it
QKwGSzQcPGy-00411-00112105-00112323 allows procedural programming defining
QKwGSzQcPGy-00412-00112324-00112533 functions variables outside classes
QKwGSzQcPGy-00413-00112534-00112720 makes them part of the route self object
QKwGSzQcPGy-00414-00112721-00112972 with object orientation everything as an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00415-00112973-00113158 object or functional programming
QKwGSzQcPGy-00416-00113158-00113376 it has anonymous functions closures and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00417-00113377-00113632 continuations statements all have values
QKwGSzQcPGy-00418-00113633-00113859 and functions return the last evaluation
QKwGSzQcPGy-00419-00113860-00114077 it has support for introspection
QKwGSzQcPGy-00420-00114078-00114295 reflection and meta programming as well
QKwGSzQcPGy-00421-00114296-00114527 as support for interpreter based threads
QKwGSzQcPGy-00422-00114528-00114786 ruby features dynamic typing and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00423-00114787-00114972 supports parametric polymorphism
QKwGSzQcPGy-00424-00114973-00115275 according to the ruby faq the syntax is
QKwGSzQcPGy-00425-00115276-00115456 similar to Perl and the semantics are
QKwGSzQcPGy-00426-00115457-00115635 similar to small talk but it differs
QKwGSzQcPGy-00427-00115636-00115938 greatly from Python topics syntax the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00428-00115939-00116146 syntax of Ruby is broadly similar to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00429-00116147-00116448 that of Perl and Python class and method
QKwGSzQcPGy-00430-00116449-00116644 definitions are signaled by keywords
QKwGSzQcPGy-00431-00116645-00116848 whereas code blocks can be both defined
QKwGSzQcPGy-00432-00116849-00117145 by keywords or braces in contrast to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00433-00117146-00117336 Perl variables are not obligatorily
QKwGSzQcPGy-00434-00117337-00117624 prefixed with a signal when used the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00435-00117625-00117828 signal changes the semantics of scope of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00436-00117829-00118083 the variable for practical purposes
QKwGSzQcPGy-00437-00118084-00118203 there is no distinction between
QKwGSzQcPGy-00438-00118204-00118473 expressions and statements line breaks
QKwGSzQcPGy-00439-00118474-00118669 are significant and taken as the end of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00440-00118670-00118833 a statement a semicolon may be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00441-00118834-00119107 equivalently used unlike Python
QKwGSzQcPGy-00442-00119108-00119371 indentation is not significant one of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00443-00119372-00119574 the differences from Python and Perl
QKwGSzQcPGy-00444-00119575-00119759 is that Ruby keeps all of its instance
QKwGSzQcPGy-00445-00119760-00119940 variables completely private to the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00446-00119941-00120134 class and only exposes them through
QKwGSzQcPGy-00447-00120135-00120425 accessor methods attr underscore writer
QKwGSzQcPGy-00448-00120426-00120813 attr underscore reader etc unlike the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00449-00120814-00120983 getter and setter methods of other
QKwGSzQcPGy-00450-00120984-00121281 languages like C++ or Java accessor
QKwGSzQcPGy-00451-00121282-00121467 methods in Ruby can be created with a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00452-00121468-00121695 single line of code via metaprogramming
QKwGSzQcPGy-00453-00121696-00121908 however accessor methods can also be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00454-00121908-00122094 created in the traditional fashion of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00455-00122095-00122418 C++ and Java as invocation of these
QKwGSzQcPGy-00456-00122419-00122585 methods does not require the use of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00457-00122586-00122808 parentheses it is trivial to change an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00458-00122808-00123011 instance variable into a full function
QKwGSzQcPGy-00459-00123013-00123180 without modifying a single line of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00460-00123181-00123348 calling code or having to do any
QKwGSzQcPGy-00461-00123349-00123485 refactoring achieving similar
QKwGSzQcPGy-00462-00123486-00123710 functionality to c-sharp and vb.net
QKwGSzQcPGy-00463-00123711-00124032 property members pythons property
QKwGSzQcPGy-00464-00124033-00124218 descriptors are similar but come with a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00465-00124219-00124440 trade-off in the development process if
QKwGSzQcPGy-00466-00124441-00124760 one begins in Python by using a publicly
QKwGSzQcPGy-00467-00124761-00124965 exposed instance variable and later
QKwGSzQcPGy-00468-00124966-00125145 changes the implementation to use a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00469-00125146-00125346 private instance variable exposed
QKwGSzQcPGy-00470-00125347-00125520 through a property descriptor code
QKwGSzQcPGy-00471-00125521-00125694 internal to the class may need to be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00472-00125695-00125883 adjusted to use the private variable
QKwGSzQcPGy-00473-00125883-00126141 rather than the public property Ruby's
QKwGSzQcPGy-00474-00126142-00126375 design forces all instance variables to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00475-00126376-00126597 be private but also provides a simple
QKwGSzQcPGy-00476-00126598-00126867 way to declare set and get methods this
QKwGSzQcPGy-00477-00126868-00127068 is in keeping with the idea that in Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00478-00127069-00127259 when never directly accesses the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00479-00127260-00127464 internal members of a class from outside
QKwGSzQcPGy-00480-00127465-00127698 the class rather one passes a message to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00481-00127699-00127968 the class and receives a response see
QKwGSzQcPGy-00482-00127969-00128183 the example section below for samples of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00483-00128184-00128510 code demonstrating Ruby syntax topic
QKwGSzQcPGy-00484-00128511-00128673 interaction the Ruby official
QKwGSzQcPGy-00485-00128674-00128916 distribution also includes IRB an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00486-00128917-00129120 interactive command-line interpreter
QKwGSzQcPGy-00487-00129121-00129290 that can be used to test code quickly
QKwGSzQcPGy-00488-00129291-00129591 the following code fragment represents a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00489-00129592-00129884 sample session using IRB topic examples
QKwGSzQcPGy-00490-00129885-00130080 the following examples can be run in a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00491-00130081-00130281 ruby shell such as interactive Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00492-00130282-00130494 shell or saved in a file and run from
QKwGSzQcPGy-00493-00130495-00130794 the command line by typing Ruby classic
QKwGSzQcPGy-00494-00130795-00131055 hello world example some basic Ruby code
QKwGSzQcPGy-00495-00131056-00131316 input conversions topic strings there
QKwGSzQcPGy-00496-00131317-00131514 are a variety of ways to define strings
QKwGSzQcPGy-00497-00131515-00131787 in Ruby the following assignments are
QKwGSzQcPGy-00498-00131788-00131991 equivalent strings support variable
QKwGSzQcPGy-00499-00131992-00132198 interpolation the following assignments
QKwGSzQcPGy-00500-00132199-00132387 are equivalent and produced raw strings
QKwGSzQcPGy-00501-00132388-00132618 topic collections constructing and using
QKwGSzQcPGy-00502-00132619-00132798 an array constructing and using an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00503-00132799-00132942 associative array in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00504-00132943-00133125 be called a hash topic control
QKwGSzQcPGy-00505-00133126-00133350 structures if statement topic blocks and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00506-00133351-00133572 iterators the two syntaxes for creating
QKwGSzQcPGy-00507-00133573-00133767 a code block a code block can be passed
QKwGSzQcPGy-00508-00133768-00133929 to a method as an optional block
QKwGSzQcPGy-00509-00133930-00134217 argument many built-in methods have such
QKwGSzQcPGy-00510-00134218-00134436 arguments parameter passing a block to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00511-00134437-00134622 be a closure creating an anonymous
QKwGSzQcPGy-00512-00134623-00134805 function returning closures from a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00513-00134806-00134964 method yielding the flow of program
QKwGSzQcPGy-00514-00134965-00135177 controlled to a block that was provided
QKwGSzQcPGy-00515-00135178-00135327 at calling time iterating over
QKwGSzQcPGy-00516-00135328-00135570 enumerations and arrays using blocks a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00517-00135571-00135795 method such as inject can accept both a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00518-00135796-00136071 parameter and a block the inject method
QKwGSzQcPGy-00519-00136072-00136245 iterates over each member of a list
QKwGSzQcPGy-00520-00136246-00136419 performing some function on it while
QKwGSzQcPGy-00521-00136420-00136674 retaining an aggregate this is analogous
QKwGSzQcPGy-00522-00136675-00136865 to the folding in functional programming
QKwGSzQcPGy-00523-00136866-00137172 languages for example on the first pass
QKwGSzQcPGy-00524-00137173-00137397 the block receives 10 the argument to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00525-00137398-00137649 inject as sum and 1 the first element of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00526-00137650-00137946 the array as element this returns 11
QKwGSzQcPGy-00527-00137947-00138147 which then becomes sum on the next pass
QKwGSzQcPGy-00528-00138148-00138495 it is added to 3 to get 14 which is then
QKwGSzQcPGy-00529-00138496-00138732 added to 5 on the third pass to finally
QKwGSzQcPGy-00530-00138733-00139044 return 19 using an enumeration and a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00531-00139045-00139227 block to square the numbers 1 to 10
QKwGSzQcPGy-00532-00139228-00139452 using a range or invoke a method on each
QKwGSzQcPGy-00533-00139453-00139698 item map is a synonym for collect topic
QKwGSzQcPGy-00534-00139699-00139899 classes the following code defines a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00535-00139900-00140148 class named person in addition to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00536-00140149-00140361 initialize the usual constructor to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00537-00140362-00140577 create new objects it has two methods
QKwGSzQcPGy-00538-00140578-00140796 when to override the comparison operator
QKwGSzQcPGy-00539-00140797-00141018 so array hash tag sort can sort by age
QKwGSzQcPGy-00540-00141019-00141180 and the other to override that to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00541-00141181-00141408 underscore s method so kernel hash tag
QKwGSzQcPGy-00542-00141409-00141741 puts can format its output here attr
QKwGSzQcPGy-00543-00141742-00141978 underscore reader as an example of meta
QKwGSzQcPGy-00544-00141979-00142092 programming in Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00545-00142093-00142395 attr underscore accessor defines getter
QKwGSzQcPGy-00546-00142396-00142599 and setter methods of instance variables
QKwGSzQcPGy-00547-00142600-00142857 but attr underscore reader only getter
QKwGSzQcPGy-00548-00142858-00143163 methods the last evaluated statement in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00549-00143164-00143367 a method as its return value allowing
QKwGSzQcPGy-00550-00143368-00143532 the omission of an explicit return
QKwGSzQcPGy-00551-00143533-00143808 statement the proceeding code prints
QKwGSzQcPGy-00552-00143809-00144036 three names in Reverse age order person
QKwGSzQcPGy-00553-00144037-00144213 is a constant and as a reference to a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00554-00144214-00144546 class object topic open classes in Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00555-00144547-00144750 classes are never closed methods can
QKwGSzQcPGy-00556-00144751-00144944 always be added to an existing class
QKwGSzQcPGy-00557-00144945-00145239 this applies to all classes including
QKwGSzQcPGy-00558-00145240-00145515 the standard built-in classes all that
QKwGSzQcPGy-00559-00145516-00145689 is needed to do is open up a class
QKwGSzQcPGy-00560-00145690-00145917 definition for an existing class and the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00561-00145918-00146118 new content specified will be added to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00562-00146119-00146295 the existing contents
QKwGSzQcPGy-00563-00146296-00146535 a simple example of adding a new method
QKwGSzQcPGy-00564-00146536-00146721 to the standard libraries time class
QKwGSzQcPGy-00565-00146722-00146934 adding methods to previously defined
QKwGSzQcPGy-00566-00146935-00147159 classes as often called monkey-patching
QKwGSzQcPGy-00567-00147160-00147447 if performed recklessly the practice can
QKwGSzQcPGy-00568-00147448-00147621 lead to both behavior collisions with
QKwGSzQcPGy-00569-00147622-00147834 subsequent unexpected results and code
QKwGSzQcPGy-00570-00147835-00148200 scalability problems since ruby 2.0 it
QKwGSzQcPGy-00571-00148201-00148391 has been possible to use refinements to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00572-00148392-00148535 reduce the potentially negative
QKwGSzQcPGy-00573-00148536-00148754 consequences of monkey patching by
QKwGSzQcPGy-00574-00148755-00148916 limiting the scope of the patch to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00575-00148917-00149220 particular areas of the code base topic
QKwGSzQcPGy-00576-00149221-00149418 exceptions an exception is raised with a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00577-00149419-00149622 raise call an optional message can be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00578-00149623-00149828 added to the exception exceptions can
QKwGSzQcPGy-00579-00149829-00150018 also be specified by the programmer
QKwGSzQcPGy-00580-00150019-00150251 alternatively an exception instance can
QKwGSzQcPGy-00581-00150252-00150440 be passed to the raise method this last
QKwGSzQcPGy-00582-00150441-00150633 construct is useful when raising an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00583-00150634-00150815 instance of a custom exception class
QKwGSzQcPGy-00584-00150816-00151011 featuring a constructor that takes more
QKwGSzQcPGy-00585-00151012-00151221 than one argument exceptions are handled
QKwGSzQcPGy-00586-00151222-00151509 by the rescue clause such a Clause can
QKwGSzQcPGy-00587-00151510-00151674 catch exceptions that inherit from
QKwGSzQcPGy-00588-00151675-00151887 standard error other flow control
QKwGSzQcPGy-00589-00151888-00152073 keywords that can be used when handling
QKwGSzQcPGy-00590-00152074-00152283 exceptions or else and ensure it is a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00591-00152284-00152477 common mistake to attempt to catch all
QKwGSzQcPGy-00592-00152478-00152677 exceptions with a simple rescue clause
QKwGSzQcPGy-00593-00152678-00152965 to catch all exceptions one must write
QKwGSzQcPGy-00594-00152966-00153353 or catch particular exceptions it is
QKwGSzQcPGy-00595-00153354-00153554 also possible to specify that the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00596-00153555-00153747 exception object be made available to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00597-00153748-00154056 the handler clause alternatively the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00598-00154057-00154236 most recent exception is stored in the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00599-00154237-00154538 magic global dollar several exceptions
QKwGSzQcPGy-00600-00154539-00154921 can also be cut
QKwGSzQcPGy-00601-00154922-00155551 topic metaprogramming Ruby code can
QKwGSzQcPGy-00602-00155552-00155761 programmatically modify at runtime
QKwGSzQcPGy-00603-00155762-00155974 aspects of its own structure that would
QKwGSzQcPGy-00604-00155975-00156187 be fixed in more rigid languages such as
QKwGSzQcPGy-00605-00156188-00156475 class and method definitions this sort
QKwGSzQcPGy-00606-00156476-00156652 of meta programming can be used to write
QKwGSzQcPGy-00607-00156653-00156877 more concise code and effectively extend
QKwGSzQcPGy-00608-00156878-00157159 the language for example the following
QKwGSzQcPGy-00609-00157160-00157396 Ruby code generates new methods for the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00610-00157397-00157606 built in string class based on a list of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00611-00157607-00157876 colors the methods wrap the contents of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00612-00157877-00158115 the string with an HTML tag styled with
QKwGSzQcPGy-00613-00158116-00158391 the respective color the generated
QKwGSzQcPGy-00614-00158392-00158671 methods could then be used like this to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00615-00158672-00158848 implement the equivalent in many other
QKwGSzQcPGy-00616-00158849-00159037 languages the programmer would have to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00617-00159038-00159238 write each method in underscore black in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00618-00159239-00159474 underscore read in underscore green etc
QKwGSzQcPGy-00619-00159475-00159828 separately some other possible uses for
QKwGSzQcPGy-00620-00159829-00160074 Ruby metaprogramming include
QKwGSzQcPGy-00621-00160075-00160379 intercepting and modifying method calls
QKwGSzQcPGy-00622-00160380-00160664 implementing new inheritance models
QKwGSzQcPGy-00623-00160665-00160888 dynamically generating classes from
QKwGSzQcPGy-00624-00160889-00161161 parameters automatic object
QKwGSzQcPGy-00625-00161162-00161452 serialization interactive help in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00626-00161453-00161823 debugging
QKwGSzQcPGy-00627-00161824-00162326 topic more examples
QKwGSzQcPGy-00628-00162327-00162584 more sample Ruby coat as available as
QKwGSzQcPGy-00629-00162585-00162859 algorithms in the following article
QKwGSzQcPGy-00630-00162860-00163385 exponentiating by squaring
QKwGSzQcPGy-00631-00163386-00163924 topic implementations
QKwGSzQcPGy-00632-00163925-00164487 topic Matz's Ruby interpreter
QKwGSzQcPGy-00633-00164488-00164748 the original Ruby interpreter is often
QKwGSzQcPGy-00634-00164749-00164904 referred to as the Matz's Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00635-00164905-00165213 interpreter or MRI this implementation
QKwGSzQcPGy-00636-00165214-00165450 is written in C and uses its own Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00637-00165451-00165705 specific virtual machine the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00638-00165706-00165963 standardized and retired ruby 1.8
QKwGSzQcPGy-00639-00165964-00166173 implementation was written in C as a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00640-00166174-00166368 single pass interpreted language
QKwGSzQcPGy-00641-00166369-00166650 starting with ruby 1.9 and continuing
QKwGSzQcPGy-00642-00166651-00166908 with Ruby 2x and above the official Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00643-00166909-00167187 interpreter has been Y ARV yet another
QKwGSzQcPGy-00644-00167188-00167493 Ruby VM and this implementation has
QKwGSzQcPGy-00645-00167494-00167700 superseded the slower virtual machine
QKwGSzQcPGy-00646-00167701-00168205 used in previous releases of MRI
QKwGSzQcPGy-00647-00168206-00168770 topic alternate implementations
QKwGSzQcPGy-00648-00168771-00169019 as of 2018 there are a number of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00649-00169020-00169226 alternative implementations of ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00650-00169227-00169477 including Giroux be Rubinius and marubi
QKwGSzQcPGy-00651-00169478-00169726 each takes a different approach with
QKwGSzQcPGy-00652-00169727-00169901 guru b and Rubinius providing
QKwGSzQcPGy-00653-00169902-00170138 just-in-time compilation and marubi also
QKwGSzQcPGy-00654-00170139-00170459 providing ahead of time compilation ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00655-00170460-00170602 has three major alternate
QKwGSzQcPGy-00656-00170603-00170909 implementations guru be a java
QKwGSzQcPGy-00657-00170910-00171091 implementation that runs on the Java
QKwGSzQcPGy-00658-00171092-00171208 Virtual Machine
QKwGSzQcPGy-00659-00171209-00171607 Giroux be currently targets Ruby 2.3
QKwGSzQcPGy-00660-00171608-00171893 truffula Ruby a Java implementation
QKwGSzQcPGy-00661-00171894-00172025 using the truffle language
QKwGSzQcPGy-00662-00172026-00172306 implementation framework with growl vm
QKwGSzQcPGy-00663-00172307-00172646 rubinius a c++ bytecode virtual machine
QKwGSzQcPGy-00664-00172647-00172891 that uses LLVM to compile to machine
QKwGSzQcPGy-00665-00172892-00173183 code at runtime the bytecode compiler
QKwGSzQcPGy-00666-00173184-00173357 and most core classes are written in
QKwGSzQcPGy-00667-00173358-00173653 pure Ruby rubinius currently targets
QKwGSzQcPGy-00668-00173654-00173929 Ruby 2.1 other Ruby implementations
QKwGSzQcPGy-00669-00173930-00174194 include maglev a small talk
QKwGSzQcPGy-00670-00174195-00174413 implementation that runs on gem talk
QKwGSzQcPGy-00671-00174414-00174761 systems gemstone SVM marubi an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00672-00174762-00174956 implementation designed to be embedded
QKwGSzQcPGy-00673-00174957-00175181 into C code in a similar vein to Lua
QKwGSzQcPGy-00674-00175182-00175414 it is currently being developed by
QKwGSzQcPGy-00675-00175415-00175816 Yukihiro Matsumoto and others are GSS or
QKwGSzQcPGy-00676-00175817-00176076 ruby game scripting system a proprietary
QKwGSzQcPGy-00677-00176077-00176333 implementation that is used by the RPG
QKwGSzQcPGy-00678-00176334-00176566 Maker series of software for game design
QKwGSzQcPGy-00679-00176567-00176837 and modification of the RPG Maker engine
QKwGSzQcPGy-00680-00176838-00177176 a transpiler partial from ruby to julia
QKwGSzQcPGy-00681-00177177-00177473 julia Lizer is available it can be used
QKwGSzQcPGy-00682-00177474-00177761 for a large speed-up over eg Ruby or
QKwGSzQcPGy-00683-00177762-00177976 Giroux B implementations may only be
QKwGSzQcPGy-00684-00177977-00178339 useful for numerical code topaz a ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00685-00178340-00178673 implementation written in Python opal a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00686-00178674-00178903 web based interpreter that compiles Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00687-00178904-00179113 to JavaScript other now-defunct Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00688-00179114-00179444 implementations were makrooh be a Mac OS
QKwGSzQcPGy-00689-00179445-00179641 X implementation on the objective-c
QKwGSzQcPGy-00690-00179642-00179963 runtime its iOS counterpart is called
QKwGSzQcPGy-00691-00179964-00180293 Ruby motion ironruby and implementation
QKwGSzQcPGy-00692-00180294-00180569 on the net framework
QKwGSzQcPGy-00693-00180570-00180766 Cardinal and implementation for the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00694-00180767-00181037 parrot virtual machine Ruby Enterprise
QKwGSzQcPGy-00695-00181038-00181256 Edition often shortened to re an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00696-00181257-00181448 implementation optimized to handle
QKwGSzQcPGy-00697-00181449-00181775 large-scale Ruby on Rails projects hot
QKwGSzQcPGy-00698-00181776-00181993 Ruby a Java Script and ActionScript
QKwGSzQcPGy-00699-00181994-00182198 implementation of the Ruby programming
QKwGSzQcPGy-00700-00182199-00182360 language the maturity of Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00701-00182361-00182554 implementations tends to be measured by
QKwGSzQcPGy-00702-00182555-00182704 their ability to run the Ruby on Rails
QKwGSzQcPGy-00703-00182705-00182972 Rails framework because it is complex to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00704-00182973-00183194 implement and use as many Ruby specific
QKwGSzQcPGy-00705-00183195-00183449 features the point when a particular
QKwGSzQcPGy-00706-00183450-00183640 implementation that jeeves this goal is
QKwGSzQcPGy-00707-00183641-00183937 called the rails singularity the
QKwGSzQcPGy-00708-00183938-00184141 reference implementation MRI
QKwGSzQcPGy-00709-00184142-00184375 Giroux B and Rubinius are all able to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00710-00184376-00184591 run rails unmodified in a production
QKwGSzQcPGy-00711-00184592-00184917 environment
QKwGSzQcPGy-00712-00184918-00185454 topic platform support
QKwGSzQcPGy-00713-00185455-00185686 matsumoto originally did ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00714-00185687-00185899 development on the four Bahamian dollars
QKwGSzQcPGy-00715-00185900-00186178 and thirty cents based Sony News OS 3x
QKwGSzQcPGy-00716-00186179-00186433 but later migrated his work to sunos for
QKwGSzQcPGy-00717-00186434-00186790 X and finally to Linux by 1999 ruby was
QKwGSzQcPGy-00718-00186791-00186961 known to work across many different
QKwGSzQcPGy-00719-00186962-00187189 operating systems including news OS
QKwGSzQcPGy-00720-00187190-00187684 sunos X SVR for solaris NEC up ux next
QKwGSzQcPGy-00721-00187685-00188062 step bsd linux mac OS dos windows and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00722-00188063-00188269 bios modern ruby versions and
QKwGSzQcPGy-00723-00188270-00188464 implementations are available on many
QKwGSzQcPGy-00724-00188465-00188695 operating systems such as Linux BSD
QKwGSzQcPGy-00725-00188696-00189091 Solaris X Mac OS Windows Windows Phone
QKwGSzQcPGy-00726-00189092-00189854 Windows CE II Symbian OS b OS and IBM I
QKwGSzQcPGy-00727-00189855-00190484 pick repositories and libraries ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00728-00190485-00190694 gems as rubies package manager
QKwGSzQcPGy-00729-00190695-00191030 a ruby package is called a gem and can
QKwGSzQcPGy-00730-00191031-00191225 easily be installed via the command line
QKwGSzQcPGy-00731-00191226-00191450 most gems are libraries though a few
QKwGSzQcPGy-00732-00191451-00191704 exist that are applications such as IDEs
QKwGSzQcPGy-00733-00191705-00192053 there are over 9000 ruby gems hosted on
QKwGSzQcPGy-00734-00192054-00192434 rubygems.org many new and existing Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00735-00192435-00192671 libraries are hosted on github a service
QKwGSzQcPGy-00736-00192672-00192848 that offers version control repository
QKwGSzQcPGy-00737-00192849-00193144 hosting forget the Ruby application
QKwGSzQcPGy-00738-00193145-00193405 archive which hosted applications
QKwGSzQcPGy-00739-00193406-00193643 documentation and libraries for Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00740-00193644-00193886 programming was maintained until 2013
QKwGSzQcPGy-00741-00193887-00194048 when its function was transferred to
QKwGSzQcPGy-00742-00194049-00194503 Ruby gems
QKwGSzQcPGy-00743-00194504-00195045 topic see also
QKwGSzQcPGy-00744-00195046-00195330 comparison of programming languages
QKwGSzQcPGy-00745-00195331-00195574 metasploit project the world's largest
QKwGSzQcPGy-00746-00195575-00195901 ruby project with over 700,000 lines of
QKwGSzQcPGy-00747-00195902-00196210 code wise poignant guide to ruby an
QKwGSzQcPGy-00748-00196211-00196450 online ruby textbook in graphic novel
QKwGSzQcPGy-00749-00196451-00196801 format X Ruby a ruby to Java static
QKwGSzQcPGy-00750-00196802-00197083 compiler crystal a programming language
QKwGSzQcPGy-00751-00197084-00197533 inspired by Ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00752-00197534-00198095 topic references
QKwGSzQcPGy-00753-00198096-00198613 topic further reading
QKwGSzQcPGy-00754-00198614-00199154 topic external links
QKwGSzQcPGy-00755-00199155-00199488 official website official ruby
QKwGSzQcPGy-00756-00199489-00199807 documentation Ruby user guide by
QKwGSzQcPGy-00757-00199808-00200129 Yukihiro Matsumoto the creator of Ruby a
QKwGSzQcPGy-00758-00200130-00200423 community-driven Ruby coding style guide
QKwGSzQcPGy-00759-00200424-00200794 Ruby from other languages Ruby forum
QKwGSzQcPGy-00760-00200795-00201026 gateway to the Ruby talk mailing list
QKwGSzQcPGy-00761-00201027-00201522 try Ruby web-based Ruby repl ruby draft
QKwGSzQcPGy-00762-00201523-00201897 specification September 2010 Ruby at
QKwGSzQcPGy-00763-00201898-00202137 curly