M_6YZhRW4bk-00000-00000048-00000337 the city municipality of Bremen German
M_6YZhRW4bk-00001-00000338-00000655 stat combined a Bremen IPA tat man BM n
M_6YZhRW4bk-00002-00000656-00000866 listen is a Hanseatic city in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00003-00000867-00001061 northwestern Germany which belongs to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00004-00001062-00001298 the free Hanseatic city of Bremen also
M_6YZhRW4bk-00005-00001299-00001603 called just Bremen for short a federal
M_6YZhRW4bk-00006-00001604-00001898 state of Germany as a commercial and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00007-00001898-00002114 industrial city with a major port on the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00008-00002115-00002315 river Vaser Bremen is part of the Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00009-00002316-00002594 Oldenburg metropolitan region with 2.5
M_6YZhRW4bk-00010-00002595-00002876 million people Bremen is the second most
M_6YZhRW4bk-00011-00002877-00003083 populous city in northern Germany and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00012-00003084-00003281 11th in Germany Bremen has a major
M_6YZhRW4bk-00013-00003282-00003458 cultural and economic hub in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00014-00003459-00003728 northern regions of Germany Bremen is
M_6YZhRW4bk-00015-00003729-00003904 home to dozens of historical galleries
M_6YZhRW4bk-00016-00003906-00004136 and museums ranging from historical
M_6YZhRW4bk-00017-00004137-00004364 sculptures to major art museums such as
M_6YZhRW4bk-00018-00004365-00004652 the uber C Museum Bremen Bremen has a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00019-00004653-00004850 reputation as a working-class City
M_6YZhRW4bk-00020-00004851-00005078 Bremen is home to a large number of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00021-00005079-00005219 multinational companies and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00022-00005220-00005486 manufacturing centers companies
M_6YZhRW4bk-00023-00005487-00005678 headquartered in Bremen include the hish
M_6YZhRW4bk-00024-00005679-00005929 a Chocolate Company and vector foil tech
M_6YZhRW4bk-00025-00005930-00006185 four-time German football champions
M_6YZhRW4bk-00026-00006186-00006399 Werder Bremen are also based in the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00027-00006400-00006695 we der Bremen share long feuds with the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00028-00006695-00006859 rival team in the neighboring city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00029-00006860-00007138 Hamburg HSV with brawls at almost every
M_6YZhRW4bk-00030-00007139-00007526 match Bremen has some 60 kilometers 37
M_6YZhRW4bk-00031-00007527-00007723 miles south of the mouth of the Vaser on
M_6YZhRW4bk-00032-00007724-00007999 the North Sea Bremen and Bremerhaven at
M_6YZhRW4bk-00033-00008000-00008188 the mouth of the Vaser together comprise
M_6YZhRW4bk-00034-00008189-00008402 the state of the free Hanseatic city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00035-00008403-00008630 Bremen official German name Frei hence
M_6YZhRW4bk-00036-00008631-00009209 estat Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00037-00009210-00009716 topic history
M_6YZhRW4bk-00038-00009717-00009941 the marshes and moraines near Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00039-00009942-00010213 have been settled since about 12,000 BC
M_6YZhRW4bk-00040-00010214-00010489 burial places and settlements in Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00041-00010490-00010682 Mon Dorf and Bremen austere Holt's date
M_6YZhRW4bk-00042-00010683-00010877 back to the seventh century AD
M_6YZhRW4bk-00043-00010878-00011144 since the Renaissance some scientists
M_6YZhRW4bk-00044-00011145-00011306 have believed that the entry Fabares
M_6YZhRW4bk-00045-00011307-00011567 Namur Fabiana in ptolemy 4th map of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00046-00011568-00011834 europe written in AD 150 refers to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00047-00011835-00011896 Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00048-00011897-00012176 but ptolemy gives geographic coordinates
M_6YZhRW4bk-00049-00012177-00012371 and these refer to a site north east of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00050-00012372-00012593 the mouth of the River Villegas Vaser in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00051-00012594-00012835 ptolemy time the chassis lived in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00052-00012836-00013052 area now called northwestern Germany or
M_6YZhRW4bk-00053-00013053-00013304 Lower Saxony by the end of the 3rd
M_6YZhRW4bk-00054-00013305-00013525 century they had merged with the Saxons
M_6YZhRW4bk-00055-00013526-00013979 during the Saxon wars 772 to 800 for the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00056-00013980-00014216 Saxons led by widukind fought against
M_6YZhRW4bk-00057-00014216-00014429 the West Germanic franks the founders of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00058-00014430-00014707 the Carolingian Empire and lost the war
M_6YZhRW4bk-00059-00014708-00014947 Charlemagne the king of the Franks made
M_6YZhRW4bk-00060-00014948-00015179 a new law the lex saxon 'm which forbid
M_6YZhRW4bk-00061-00015180-00015380 the Saxons worshipping Odin the God of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00062-00015381-00015572 the Saxons instead they had to convert
M_6YZhRW4bk-00063-00015572-00015968 to Christianity on pain of death in 787
M_6YZhRW4bk-00064-00015969-00016156 Willa HOD of Bremen became the first
M_6YZhRW4bk-00065-00016157-00016547 bishop of Bremen in 848 the Archdiocese
M_6YZhRW4bk-00066-00016548-00016727 of Hamburg merged with the Diocese of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00067-00016728-00016889 Bremen to become Hamburg Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00068-00016890-00017117 archdiocese with its seat in Bremen and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00069-00017118-00017261 in the following centuries the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00070-00017262-00017447 Archbishop's of Hamburg Bremen were the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00071-00017448-00017572 driving force behind the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00072-00017573-00017839 Christianization of northern Germany in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00073-00017840-00018137 888 at the behest of archbishop Rembert
M_6YZhRW4bk-00074-00018138-00018328 kaiser arnulf of Carinthia the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00075-00018329-00018550 Carolingian king of east francha granted
M_6YZhRW4bk-00076-00018551-00018689 bremen the rights to hold its own
M_6YZhRW4bk-00077-00018690-00018902 markets mint its own coins and make its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00078-00018903-00019231 own customs laws the city's first stone
M_6YZhRW4bk-00079-00019232-00019508 walls were built in 1032 around that
M_6YZhRW4bk-00080-00019509-00019715 time trade with Norway England and the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00081-00019716-00019900 northern Netherlands began to grow thus
M_6YZhRW4bk-00082-00019901-00020188 increasing the importance of the city in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00083-00020189-00020462 1186 the Bremen prince-archbishop
M_6YZhRW4bk-00084-00020463-00020653 Hardwick of Ulla and his bailiff in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00085-00020654-00020834 Bremen confirmed without generally
M_6YZhRW4bk-00086-00020835-00020975 waving the prince-archbishops
M_6YZhRW4bk-00087-00020976-00021131 overlordship over the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00088-00021132-00021299 the Gowen house and privilege by which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00089-00021300-00021503 Frederick the first Barbarossa granted
M_6YZhRW4bk-00090-00021504-00021761 the city considerable privileges the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00091-00021762-00021956 city was recognized as a political
M_6YZhRW4bk-00092-00021957-00022231 entity with its own laws property within
M_6YZhRW4bk-00093-00022232-00022418 the municipal boundaries could not be
M_6YZhRW4bk-00094-00022419-00022619 subjected to feudal Overlord ship this
M_6YZhRW4bk-00095-00022620-00022802 also applied to Circe who acquired
M_6YZhRW4bk-00096-00022803-00023003 property if they lived in the city for a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00097-00023004-00023084 year and a day
M_6YZhRW4bk-00098-00023085-00023249 after which they were to be regarded as
M_6YZhRW4bk-00099-00023250-00023534 free persons property was to be freely
M_6YZhRW4bk-00100-00023535-00023711 inherited without futile claims for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00101-00023712-00023957 reversion to its original owner this
M_6YZhRW4bk-00102-00023958-00024155 privilege laid the foundation for bream
M_6YZhRW4bk-00103-00024156-00024353 ins later status of Imperial immediacy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00104-00024354-00024746 free Imperial City but in reality Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00105-00024747-00024929 did not have complete independence from
M_6YZhRW4bk-00106-00024930-00025100 the prince-archbishops there was no
M_6YZhRW4bk-00107-00025101-00025292 freedom of religion and burgers still
M_6YZhRW4bk-00108-00025293-00025436 had to pay taxes to the prince
M_6YZhRW4bk-00109-00025437-00025700 Archbishop's Bremen played a double role
M_6YZhRW4bk-00110-00025701-00025925 it participated in the diets of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00111-00025926-00026075 neighboring Prince archbishopric of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00112-00026076-00026294 Bremen as part of the Bremen estates and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00113-00026295-00026507 paid its share of taxes at least when it
M_6YZhRW4bk-00114-00026508-00026707 had previously consented to this levy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00115-00026708-00026975 since the city was the major tax payer
M_6YZhRW4bk-00116-00026976-00027266 its consent was generally sought in this
M_6YZhRW4bk-00117-00027267-00027439 way the city wielded fiscal and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00118-00027441-00027572 political power within the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00119-00027573-00027725 prince-archbishop print while not
M_6YZhRW4bk-00120-00027726-00027893 allowing the Prince archbishopric to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00121-00027894-00028150 rule in the city against its consent in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00122-00028151-00028882 1260 Bremen joined the Hanseatic League
M_6YZhRW4bk-00123-00028883-00029495 topic advent of territorial power
M_6YZhRW4bk-00124-00029497-00029727 in 1350 the number of inhabitants
M_6YZhRW4bk-00125-00029727-00030030 reached 20,000 around this time the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00126-00030031-00030243 Hansa qoj cog ship became a unique
M_6YZhRW4bk-00127-00030244-00030575 product of Bremen in 1362
M_6YZhRW4bk-00128-00030576-00030770 representatives of Bremen rendered
M_6YZhRW4bk-00129-00030772-00031035 homage to Albert ii prince archbishop of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00130-00031036-00031326 bremen in language i'll in return albert
M_6YZhRW4bk-00131-00031327-00031508 confirmed the city's privileges and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00132-00031510-00031677 brokered a peace between the city and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00133-00031677-00031863 gerhard three-count of hoya
M_6YZhRW4bk-00134-00031864-00032124 who since 1358 had held some burgers of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00135-00032125-00032408 Bremen in captivity the city had to bail
M_6YZhRW4bk-00136-00032410-00032766 them out in 1365 an extra tax levied to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00137-00032767-00032961 finance the ransom caused an uprising
M_6YZhRW4bk-00138-00032962-00033162 among the burgers and artisans that was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00139-00033163-00033354 put down by the City Council after much
M_6YZhRW4bk-00140-00033355-00033804 bloodshed in 1366 albert ii tried to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00141-00033805-00033963 take advantage of the dispute between
M_6YZhRW4bk-00142-00033964-00034209 Bremen City Council and the guilds whose
M_6YZhRW4bk-00143-00034210-00034353 members had expelled some city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00144-00034354-00034581 councilors from the city when these
M_6YZhRW4bk-00145-00034582-00034809 councilors appealed to albert ii for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00146-00034810-00035040 help many artisans and burgers regarded
M_6YZhRW4bk-00147-00035041-00035214 this as a treasonous act fearing that
M_6YZhRW4bk-00148-00035215-00035370 this appeal to the prince would only
M_6YZhRW4bk-00149-00035371-00035562 provoke him to abolish the autonomy of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00150-00035563-00035871 the city the fortified city maintained
M_6YZhRW4bk-00151-00035872-00036081 its own guards not allowing soldiers of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00152-00036082-00036318 the prince-archbishop to enter it the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00153-00036319-00036537 city reserved an extra very narrow gate
M_6YZhRW4bk-00154-00036538-00036819 the so called bishops Needle Latin ACU's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00155-00036820-00037128 Episcopal first mentioned in 1274 for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00156-00037129-00037257 all clergy including the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00157-00037258-00037503 prince-archbishop the narrowness of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00158-00037504-00037719 gate made it physically impossible for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00159-00037720-00037928 him to enter surrounded by his knights
M_6YZhRW4bk-00160-00037929-00038217 nevertheless on the night of the 29th of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00161-00038218-00038544 May 1366 Albert's troops helped buy some
M_6YZhRW4bk-00162-00038545-00038847 burgers invaded the city afterward the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00163-00038848-00039045 city had to again render him homage the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00164-00039046-00039225 Bremen Roland symbol of the city's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00165-00039226-00039453 autonomy was destroyed and a new City
M_6YZhRW4bk-00166-00039454-00039750 Council was appointed in return the new
M_6YZhRW4bk-00167-00039751-00039924 council granted Albert accredit
M_6YZhRW4bk-00168-00039925-00040077 amounting to the venn enormous sum of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00169-00040078-00040461 20,000 bremen marks but city councilors
M_6YZhRW4bk-00170-00040462-00040647 of the previous council who had fled to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00171-00040648-00040815 the county of oldenburg gained the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00172-00040816-00040995 support of the counts and recaptured the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00173-00040996-00041427 city On June 27 1366 the members of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00174-00041428-00041607 intermediate Council were regarded as
M_6YZhRW4bk-00175-00041608-00041796 traitors and beheaded and the city de
M_6YZhRW4bk-00176-00041797-00042063 facto regained its autonomy thereupon
M_6YZhRW4bk-00177-00042064-00042288 the city of Bremen which had for a long
M_6YZhRW4bk-00178-00042289-00042513 time held an autonomous status acted
M_6YZhRW4bk-00179-00042514-00042693 almost completely independent of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00180-00042694-00042852 Prince archbishop
M_6YZhRW4bk-00181-00042853-00043065 Albert failed to obtain control over the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00182-00043066-00043278 city of Bremen a second time since he
M_6YZhRW4bk-00183-00043279-00043458 was always short of money and lacked the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00184-00043459-00043656 support of his family the Wealth's who
M_6YZhRW4bk-00185-00043657-00043800 were preparing fur and fighting the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00186-00043801-00043992 Luneberg war of succession thirteen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00187-00043993-00044289 seventy two eighty eight by the end of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00188-00044290-00044496 the thirteen 60s Bremen had provided
M_6YZhRW4bk-00189-00044497-00044721 credit to Albert ii to finance his
M_6YZhRW4bk-00190-00044722-00044928 lavish lifestyle and gained in return
M_6YZhRW4bk-00191-00044929-00045111 the fortress of ward along with the dues
M_6YZhRW4bk-00192-00045112-00045312 levied in its bailiwick as guarantee for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00193-00045313-00045612 the credit in thirteen sixty nine bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00194-00045613-00045840 again lent money to albert ii against
M_6YZhRW4bk-00195-00045841-00046011 the collateral of his mint which was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00196-00046012-00046167 from then on run by the city council
M_6YZhRW4bk-00197-00046168-00046356 which took over his right to mint coins
M_6YZhRW4bk-00198-00046357-00046755 in 1377 bremen purchased from duke
M_6YZhRW4bk-00199-00046756-00046863 frederick the first of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00200-00046864-00047046 brunswick-lüneburg many of the prince
M_6YZhRW4bk-00201-00047047-00047256 Archbishop's castles which albert had
M_6YZhRW4bk-00202-00047257-00047430 pledged a security for a loan to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00203-00047431-00047685 Frederick's predecessor thus bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00204-00047686-00047874 gained a powerful position in the prince
M_6YZhRW4bk-00205-00047875-00048060 archbishopric ecclesiastical
M_6YZhRW4bk-00206-00048061-00048285 principality in effect sidelining its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00207-00048286-00048576 actual ruler the declining Knightly
M_6YZhRW4bk-00208-00048577-00048792 family of bitter kesa had become deeply
M_6YZhRW4bk-00209-00048793-00049005 indebted and having already sold many of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00210-00049006-00049182 their possessions had even pend half
M_6YZhRW4bk-00211-00049183-00049335 their say in the Bailiwick of bitter
M_6YZhRW4bk-00212-00049336-00049593 kesa amt bitter kesa to the aspiring
M_6YZhRW4bk-00213-00049594-00049815 Mandal slow family a noble house or
M_6YZhRW4bk-00214-00049816-00050082 Adil's gesh lacked they lost the rest of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00215-00050083-00050268 their claims to the city of Bremen when
M_6YZhRW4bk-00216-00050269-00050520 in 1381 its troops prevented the three
M_6YZhRW4bk-00217-00050521-00050690 Mandal slow brothers from lending them
M_6YZhRW4bk-00218-00050691-00051000 to albert ii as territorial power the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00219-00051001-00051195 Mandal slows and other robber barons
M_6YZhRW4bk-00220-00051196-00051375 from the prince-bishopric of Verdun and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00221-00051376-00051552 the prince archbishopric of bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00222-00051553-00051738 ravaged Berger's of the city of Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00223-00051739-00051914 as well as inhabitants throughout the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00224-00051915-00052292 prince archbishopric in 1381 the city's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00225-00052294-00052497 troops successfully ended the brigandage
M_6YZhRW4bk-00226-00052498-00052689 and captured the castle of bitter kesa
M_6YZhRW4bk-00227-00052690-00052812 and its bailiwick
M_6YZhRW4bk-00228-00052813-00053066 thus bremen gained a foothold to uphold
M_6YZhRW4bk-00229-00053067-00053259 peace and order in its forecourt on the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00230-00053260-00053595 lower course of the Vaser in 1386 the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00231-00053596-00053799 city of Bremen became the liege lord of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00232-00053800-00053979 the noble families holding the estates
M_6YZhRW4bk-00233-00053979-00054177 of aunt Luneberg and elm LaHaye who had
M_6YZhRW4bk-00234-00054178-00054351 previously been vassals of the knights
M_6YZhRW4bk-00235-00054352-00054716 of bitter kesa the city replaced in 1404
M_6YZhRW4bk-00236-00054717-00054941 the old wooden statue of roland which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00237-00054942-00055203 had been destroyed in 1366 by the bitter
M_6YZhRW4bk-00238-00055204-00055428 kesa with a larger limestone model this
M_6YZhRW4bk-00239-00055429-00055626 statue has managed to survive six
M_6YZhRW4bk-00240-00055627-00055817 centuries in two world wars into the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00241-00055819-00055975 21st
M_6YZhRW4bk-00242-00055976-00056278 in 1411 the jointly ruling dukes of sax
M_6YZhRW4bk-00243-00056279-00056493 lauenburg eric the fourth and his sons
M_6YZhRW4bk-00244-00056494-00056662 Eric the fifth and John the fourth
M_6YZhRW4bk-00245-00056663-00056815 ponder share in the bitter kesa
M_6YZhRW4bk-00246-00056816-00057006 bailiwick and castle to the Senate of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00247-00057007-00057229 Bremen including all they have in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00248-00057229-00057438 jurisdictions in the frisian land of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00249-00057439-00057654 wursten and inlay Bremerhaven which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00250-00057655-00057891 belongs to the aforementioned castle and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00251-00057892-00058237 vote a their share in jurisdiction vote
M_6YZhRW4bk-00252-00058238-00058453 a bailiwick and castle had been acquired
M_6YZhRW4bk-00253-00058454-00058597 from the plague stricken knights of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00254-00058598-00058999 bitter kesa in 1421 bremen acquired also
M_6YZhRW4bk-00255-00059000-00059157 the remaining half of the rights of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00256-00059158-00059325 bitter kesa knights including their
M_6YZhRW4bk-00257-00059326-00059526 remaining share in bitter kesa castle
M_6YZhRW4bk-00258-00059527-00059769 during the 1440s Bremen was often in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00259-00059770-00060028 conflict with the Dutch states the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00260-00060029-00060247 began offering contracts to pirates to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00261-00060248-00060412 attack its enemies and it became a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00262-00060413-00060697 regional hub of piracy these pirates
M_6YZhRW4bk-00263-00060698-00060865 targeted foreign shipping around the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00264-00060866-00061076 North Sea and captured numerous vessels
M_6YZhRW4bk-00265-00061077-00061372 one notorious captain known as grote
M_6YZhRW4bk-00266-00061373-00061719 Gert big Jerry captured 13 ships from
M_6YZhRW4bk-00267-00061720-00062016 Flanders in a single expedition in 1648
M_6YZhRW4bk-00268-00062017-00062256 the Prince archbishopric was transformed
M_6YZhRW4bk-00269-00062257-00062449 into the Duchy of Bremen which was first
M_6YZhRW4bk-00270-00062450-00062650 ruled in personal Union by the Swedish
M_6YZhRW4bk-00271-00062651-00063040 crown in November 16 54 after the second
M_6YZhRW4bk-00272-00063041-00063231 remian war Bremen had to cede bitter
M_6YZhRW4bk-00273-00063232-00063424 kesa and the settlement of ley to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00274-00063425-00064208 Duchy of Bremen Treaty of State 1654
M_6YZhRW4bk-00275-00064209-00064729 topic Bremen and the Reformation
M_6YZhRW4bk-00276-00064730-00065000 when the Protestant Reformation swept
M_6YZhRW4bk-00277-00065001-00065186 through northern Germany st. Peter's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00278-00065187-00065363 Cathedral belong to the Cathedral
M_6YZhRW4bk-00279-00065364-00065648 immunity district German Dom freiheit CF
M_6YZhRW4bk-00280-00065649-00065898 also Liberty an extraterritorial and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00281-00065899-00066026 clave of the neighboring prints
M_6YZhRW4bk-00282-00066027-00066374 archbishopric of bremen in 1532 the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00283-00066375-00066540 cathedral chapter which was still
M_6YZhRW4bk-00284-00066541-00066759 Catholic at that time closed st. Peter's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00285-00066760-00066948 after a mob consisting of Bremen 's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00286-00066949-00067130 Berger's had forcefully interrupted a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00287-00067131-00067341 Catholic Mass and prompted a pastor to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00288-00067342-00067716 hold a Lutheran service in 1547 the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00289-00067717-00067913 chapter which had in the meantime become
M_6YZhRW4bk-00290-00067914-00068105 predominantly Lutheran appointed the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00291-00068106-00068312 Dutch Albert rise is called Hardenberg
M_6YZhRW4bk-00292-00068313-00068496 as the first cathedral pastor of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00293-00068497-00068632 protestant affiliation
M_6YZhRW4bk-00294-00068633-00068888 Razia stern doubt to be a partisan of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00295-00068889-00069038 the swingley and understanding of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00296-00069039-00069218 Lord's Supper which was rejected by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00297-00069219-00069435 then Lutheran majority of Bergers the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00298-00069436-00069794 City Council and chapter so in 1561
M_6YZhRW4bk-00299-00069795-00070067 after heated disputes rice was dismissed
M_6YZhRW4bk-00300-00070068-00070209 and banned from the city and the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00301-00070210-00070523 cathedral again closed its doors however
M_6YZhRW4bk-00302-00070524-00070760 as a consequence of that controversy the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00303-00070761-00070967 majority of bremen x' burgers and City
M_6YZhRW4bk-00304-00070968-00071223 Council adopted Calvinism by the 1590s
M_6YZhRW4bk-00305-00071224-00071426 while the chapter which was at the same
M_6YZhRW4bk-00306-00071427-00071630 time the body of secular government in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00307-00071631-00071778 the neighboring Prince archbishopric
M_6YZhRW4bk-00308-00071779-00072066 clung to Lutheranism this antagonism
M_6YZhRW4bk-00309-00072067-00072257 between a Calvinistic majority and a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00310-00072258-00072410 Lutheran minority though it had a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00311-00072411-00072575 powerful position in its immunity
M_6YZhRW4bk-00312-00072576-00072794 district mediatized as part of the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00313-00072795-00073151 in 1803 remained dominant until in 1873
M_6YZhRW4bk-00314-00073152-00073310 the Calvinists and Lutheran
M_6YZhRW4bk-00315-00073311-00073523 congregations of Bremen were reconciled
M_6YZhRW4bk-00316-00073524-00073728 and founded a united administrative
M_6YZhRW4bk-00317-00073729-00073943 umbrella Bremen Protestant Church which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00318-00073944-00074153 still exists today comprising the bulk
M_6YZhRW4bk-00319-00074154-00074453 of Bremen s burgers at the beginning of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00320-00074454-00074585 the 17th century
M_6YZhRW4bk-00321-00074586-00074790 Bremen continued to play its double role
M_6YZhRW4bk-00322-00074791-00074978 wielding fiscal and political power
M_6YZhRW4bk-00323-00074979-00075179 within the Prince archbishopric but not
M_6YZhRW4bk-00324-00075180-00075350 allowing the Prince archbishopric to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00325-00075351-00076002 rule in the city without its consent
M_6YZhRW4bk-00326-00076003-00076647 topic thirty years war soon after the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00327-00076648-00076845 beginning of the thirty years war Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00328-00076846-00077055 declared its neutrality as did most of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00329-00077056-00077238 the territories in the lower Saxon
M_6YZhRW4bk-00330-00077239-00077487 circle john frederick lutheran
M_6YZhRW4bk-00331-00077488-00077622 administrator of the prince
M_6YZhRW4bk-00332-00077623-00077817 archbishopric of bremen desperately
M_6YZhRW4bk-00333-00077818-00078000 tried to keep his prince archbishopric
M_6YZhRW4bk-00334-00078001-00078144 out of the war with the complete
M_6YZhRW4bk-00335-00078145-00078324 agreement of the estates and the city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00336-00078325-00078678 Bremen when in 1623 the Republic of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00337-00078679-00078861 seven United Netherlands which was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00338-00078862-00079041 fighting in the eighty years war for its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00339-00079042-00079254 independence against Habsburg Spanish
M_6YZhRW4bk-00340-00079255-00079458 and imperial forces requested its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00341-00079459-00079671 Calvinist co-religionist Bremen to join
M_6YZhRW4bk-00342-00079672-00079872 them the city refused but started to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00343-00079873-00080292 reinforce its fortifications in 1623 the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00344-00080293-00080508 territories comprising the lower Saxon
M_6YZhRW4bk-00345-00080509-00080703 circle decided to recruit an army in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00346-00080704-00080847 order to maintain an armed neutrality
M_6YZhRW4bk-00347-00080848-00081075 since troops of the Catholic League were
M_6YZhRW4bk-00348-00081076-00081234 already operating in the neighboring
M_6YZhRW4bk-00349-00081235-00081429 lower Rhenish Westphalian circle and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00350-00081430-00081669 dangerously close to the region the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00351-00081670-00081855 concomitant effects of the war the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00352-00081856-00082038 basement of the currency and rising
M_6YZhRW4bk-00353-00082039-00082230 prices had already caused inflation
M_6YZhRW4bk-00354-00082231-00082614 which was also felt in Bremen in 1623
M_6YZhRW4bk-00355-00082615-00082770 the Republic of the seven United
M_6YZhRW4bk-00356-00082771-00083028 Netherlands diplomatic ly supported by
M_6YZhRW4bk-00357-00083029-00083229 King James the first of England the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00358-00083230-00083415 brother-in-law of Christian the fourth
M_6YZhRW4bk-00359-00083416-00083640 of Denmark started a new anti Habsburg
M_6YZhRW4bk-00360-00083641-00083910 campaign thus the troops of the Catholic
M_6YZhRW4bk-00361-00083911-00084087 League were otherwise occupied and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00362-00084088-00084348 Bremen seemed relieved but soon after
M_6YZhRW4bk-00363-00084349-00084561 this the imperial troops under Albrecht
M_6YZhRW4bk-00364-00084562-00084750 von Wallenstein headed north in an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00365-00084751-00084966 attempt to destroy the fading Hanseatic
M_6YZhRW4bk-00366-00084967-00085155 League in order to reduce the Hanseatic
M_6YZhRW4bk-00367-00085156-00085398 cities of Bremen Hamburg and the Lubeck
M_6YZhRW4bk-00368-00085399-00085617 and to establish a Baltic trade monopoly
M_6YZhRW4bk-00369-00085618-00085809 to be run by some Imperial favorites
M_6YZhRW4bk-00370-00085810-00086103 including Spaniards and poles the idea
M_6YZhRW4bk-00371-00086104-00086271 was to win Sweden's and Denmark's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00372-00086272-00086448 support both of which had for a long
M_6YZhRW4bk-00373-00086449-00086604 time sought the destruction of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00374-00086605-00086988 Hanseatic League in May 1625 Duke
M_6YZhRW4bk-00375-00086989-00087171 Christian the forth of Holstein was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00376-00087172-00087354 elected in the latter of his functions
M_6YZhRW4bk-00377-00087355-00087543 by the lower Saxon circles member
M_6YZhRW4bk-00378-00087544-00087720 territories commander-in-chief of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00379-00087721-00087993 lower Saxon troops in the same year
M_6YZhRW4bk-00380-00087994-00088152 Christian the fourth joined the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00381-00088153-00088470 anglo-dutch military coalition Christian
M_6YZhRW4bk-00382-00088471-00088674 the fourth ordered his troops to capture
M_6YZhRW4bk-00383-00088675-00088851 all the important traffic hubs in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00384-00088852-00089052 Prince archbishopric and commenced the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00385-00089053-00089235 Battle of letter--and berenberg on the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00386-00089236-00089375 27th of August
M_6YZhRW4bk-00387-00089376-00089606 16:26 where he was defeated by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00388-00089607-00089804 league with troops under johan t sir
M_6YZhRW4bk-00389-00089805-00090092 clays count of Tilly Christian the forth
M_6YZhRW4bk-00390-00090093-00090266 and his surviving troops fled to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00391-00090267-00090455 Prince archbishopric and established
M_6YZhRW4bk-00392-00090456-00090818 their headquarters in state in 1627
M_6YZhRW4bk-00393-00090819-00091022 Christian the fourth withdrew from the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00394-00091023-00091226 Prince archbishopric in order to oppose
M_6YZhRW4bk-00395-00091227-00091428 wallenstein s invasion of his duchy of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00396-00091429-00091697 Holstein Tilly then invaded the Prince
M_6YZhRW4bk-00397-00091698-00091898 archbishopric and captured its southern
M_6YZhRW4bk-00398-00091899-00092129 part Bremen shut its city gates and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00399-00092130-00092312 entrenched itself behind its improved
M_6YZhRW4bk-00400-00092313-00092693 fortifications in 1628 Tilly turned on
M_6YZhRW4bk-00401-00092694-00092903 the city and Bremen paid him a ransom of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00402-00092904-00093131 10,000 Rick's dollars in order to spirit
M_6YZhRW4bk-00403-00093132-00093356 a siege the city remained unoccupied
M_6YZhRW4bk-00404-00093357-00093684 throughout the war the takeover by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00405-00093685-00093917 Catholic League enabled ferdinand ii
M_6YZhRW4bk-00406-00093918-00094116 Holy Roman Emperor to implement the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00407-00094117-00094360 Edict of restitution decreed March 6
M_6YZhRW4bk-00408-00094361-00094637 1629 within the Prince archbishopric of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00409-00094638-00094855 Bremen including the city of Bremen in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00410-00094856-00095180 September 16 29 Francis William of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00411-00095181-00095438 Waardenburg appointed by ferdinand ii as
M_6YZhRW4bk-00412-00095439-00095636 chairman of the imperial restitution
M_6YZhRW4bk-00413-00095637-00095843 Commission for the lower Saxon Circle in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00414-00095844-00096029 carrying out the provisions of the Edict
M_6YZhRW4bk-00415-00096030-00096194 of restitution ordered the Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00416-00096195-00096413 chapter seated in Bremen to render an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00417-00096414-00096587 account of all the capítulo and Prince
M_6YZhRW4bk-00418-00096588-00096785 Archie Episcopal estates not to be
M_6YZhRW4bk-00419-00096786-00097043 confused with the estates the chapter
M_6YZhRW4bk-00420-00097044-00097274 refused arguing first that the order had
M_6YZhRW4bk-00421-00097275-00097460 not been authorized and later that due
M_6YZhRW4bk-00422-00097461-00097667 to disputes with Bremen City Council
M_6YZhRW4bk-00423-00097668-00097841 they could not freely travel to render
M_6YZhRW4bk-00424-00097842-00097988 an account let alone do the necessary
M_6YZhRW4bk-00425-00097989-00098243 research on the estates the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00426-00098244-00098438 anti-catholic attitudes of Bremen 's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00427-00098439-00098616 burgers and council was to make it
M_6YZhRW4bk-00428-00098617-00098796 completely impossible to prepare the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00429-00098797-00098993 restitution of estates from the Lutheran
M_6YZhRW4bk-00430-00098994-00099173 chapter to the Roman Catholic Church
M_6YZhRW4bk-00431-00099174-00099455 even Lutheran capitularies were uneasy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00432-00099456-00099755 in Calvinistic Bremen Bremen City
M_6YZhRW4bk-00433-00099756-00099948 Council ordered that the capitulo and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00434-00099949-00100154 Prince Archie Episcopal estates within
M_6YZhRW4bk-00435-00100155-00100335 the boundaries of the unoccupied city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00436-00100336-00100490 were not to be restituted to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00437-00100491-00100760 Catholic Church the council argued that
M_6YZhRW4bk-00438-00100761-00100947 the city had long been Protestant but
M_6YZhRW4bk-00439-00100948-00101138 the restitution Commission replied that
M_6YZhRW4bk-00440-00101139-00101310 the city was de jure a part of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00441-00101311-00101525 Prince archbishopric so Protestantism
M_6YZhRW4bk-00442-00101526-00101717 had illegitimately taken over Catholic
M_6YZhRW4bk-00443-00101718-00101997 owned estates the City Council replied
M_6YZhRW4bk-00444-00101998-00102179 that under these circumstances it would
M_6YZhRW4bk-00445-00102180-00102338 rather separate from the Holy Roman
M_6YZhRW4bk-00446-00102339-00102536 Empire and join the quasi independent
M_6YZhRW4bk-00447-00102538-00102758 Republic of the seven Netherlands
M_6YZhRW4bk-00448-00102759-00102999 the city was neither to be conquered nor
M_6YZhRW4bk-00449-00103000-00103190 to be successfully besieged due to its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00450-00103191-00103406 new fortifications and its access to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00451-00103407-00103844 North Sea in October 16 31 an army newly
M_6YZhRW4bk-00452-00103845-00104049 recruited by John Frederick started to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00453-00104050-00104210 reconquer the Prince archbishopric
M_6YZhRW4bk-00454-00104211-00104465 helped by forces from Sweden in the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00455-00104466-00104729 of Bremen John Frederick returned to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00456-00104730-00104949 office only to implement the supremacy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00457-00104950-00105137 of Sweden insisting that it retains
M_6YZhRW4bk-00458-00105138-00105326 supreme command until the end of the war
M_6YZhRW4bk-00459-00105327-00105582 with the impending enforcement of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00460-00105583-00105803 military major power of Sweden over the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00461-00105804-00106010 Prince archbishopric of Bremen which was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00462-00106011-00106175 under negotiation at the Treaty of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00463-00106176-00106403 Westphalia the city of Bremen feared it
M_6YZhRW4bk-00464-00106404-00106591 would fall under Swedish rule -
M_6YZhRW4bk-00465-00106592-00106811 therefore the city appealed for an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00466-00106812-00107027 imperial confirmation of its status of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00467-00107028-00107309 Imperial immediacy from 1186 gellan
M_6YZhRW4bk-00468-00107310-00107673 housing privilege in 1646 Ferdinand the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00469-00107674-00107898 3rd Holy Roman Emperor granted the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00470-00107899-00108120 requested confirmation diploma of Linz
M_6YZhRW4bk-00471-00108121-00108738 to the free Imperial City
M_6YZhRW4bk-00472-00108739-00109249 topic Swedish reaction
M_6YZhRW4bk-00473-00109250-00109533 nevertheless Sweden represented by its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00474-00109534-00109732 imperial fief Bremen Verdun which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00475-00109733-00109867 comprised the secularized
M_6YZhRW4bk-00476-00109868-00110071 prince-bishopric of Bremen and Verdun
M_6YZhRW4bk-00477-00110072-00110278 did not accept the Imperial immediacy of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00478-00110279-00110578 the city of Bremen Swedish Bremen Verdun
M_6YZhRW4bk-00479-00110579-00110733 tried to remediate eyes the free
M_6YZhRW4bk-00480-00110734-00110983 Imperial city of Bremen ie to make it
M_6YZhRW4bk-00481-00110983-00111214 switch its allegiance to Sweden with
M_6YZhRW4bk-00482-00111215-00111457 this in view Swedish Bremen Verdun twice
M_6YZhRW4bk-00483-00111458-00111826 waged war on Bremen in 1381 the city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00484-00111827-00112051 Bremen had imposed de facto rule in an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00485-00112052-00112255 area around bitter kesa and west of it
M_6YZhRW4bk-00486-00112256-00112434 as far as the lower branch of the Vaser
M_6YZhRW4bk-00487-00112435-00112630 near Bremer leahey a part of present-day
M_6YZhRW4bk-00488-00112631-00113050 Bremerhaven early in 1653 Bremen Verdun
M_6YZhRW4bk-00489-00113051-00113263 Swedish troops captured Bremer leahey by
M_6YZhRW4bk-00490-00113264-00113638 force in February 1650 for the city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00491-00113639-00113815 Bremen managed to get Ferdinand the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00492-00113816-00114046 third Holy Roman Emperor to granted a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00493-00114047-00114202 seat in the vote in the Holy Roman
M_6YZhRW4bk-00494-00114203-00114322 Empire's diet
M_6YZhRW4bk-00495-00114323-00114523 thus accepting the city's status as free
M_6YZhRW4bk-00496-00114524-00114823 Imperial city of Bremen Ferdinand the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00497-00114824-00115003 third demanded that Christina of Sweden
M_6YZhRW4bk-00498-00115004-00115228 Duchess regnant of Bremen Verdun
M_6YZhRW4bk-00499-00115229-00115417 compensate the city of Bremen for the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00500-00115418-00115603 damages caused and restitute Bremer
M_6YZhRW4bk-00501-00115604-00115942 leahey when in March 1650 for the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00502-00115943-00116158 of Bremen started to recruit soldiers in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00503-00116158-00116392 the area of bedycasa in order to prepare
M_6YZhRW4bk-00504-00116393-00116548 for further arbitrary acts
M_6YZhRW4bk-00505-00116549-00116760 swedish Bremen Verdun enacted the first
M_6YZhRW4bk-00506-00116761-00117060 remian war March to July 1650 for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00507-00117061-00117210 arguing that it was acting in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00508-00117211-00117508 self-defense the free imperial city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00509-00117508-00117715 Bremen had meanwhile urged Ferdinand the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00510-00117716-00118015 third to support it who in July 16 54
M_6YZhRW4bk-00511-00118016-00118264 asked Charles the 10th Gustav of Sweden
M_6YZhRW4bk-00512-00118265-00118483 Cristina's successor as Duke of Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00513-00118483-00118657 Verdun to cease the conflict which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00514-00118658-00118840 resulted in the first state recess
M_6YZhRW4bk-00515-00118841-00119224 November 16 54 this treaty left the main
M_6YZhRW4bk-00516-00119225-00119409 issue the acceptance of the city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00517-00119410-00119740 Bremen Imperial immediacy unresolved but
M_6YZhRW4bk-00518-00119741-00119932 the city agreed to pay tribute and levy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00519-00119933-00120181 taxes in favor of swedish Bremen Verdun
M_6YZhRW4bk-00520-00120182-00120333 and to cede its possessions around
M_6YZhRW4bk-00521-00120334-00120538 bitter kesa and Bremer leahey which was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00522-00120539-00120847 why it was later called lay in December
M_6YZhRW4bk-00523-00120848-00121138 1660 the City Council of Bremen rendered
M_6YZhRW4bk-00524-00121139-00121348 homage as free imperial city of Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00525-00121349-00121608 to Leopold the First Holy Roman Emperor
M_6YZhRW4bk-00526-00121609-00121981 in 1663 the city gained a seat in a vote
M_6YZhRW4bk-00527-00121982-00122104 in the Imperial diet
M_6YZhRW4bk-00528-00122105-00122302 despite sharp protests from Swedish
M_6YZhRW4bk-00529-00122303-00122632 Bremen Verdun in March 16 64
M_6YZhRW4bk-00530-00122633-00122821 the Swedish diet came out in favor of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00531-00122822-00123043 waging war on the free imperial city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00532-00123044-00123339 Bremen right after Leopold the first who
M_6YZhRW4bk-00533-00123340-00123525 was busy with Wars against the Ottoman
M_6YZhRW4bk-00534-00123526-00123763 Empire had infest the minor King Charles
M_6YZhRW4bk-00535-00123764-00123988 xi of Sweden with Bremen Verdun while
M_6YZhRW4bk-00536-00123989-00124158 the neighboring Brunswick and Lunenburg
M_6YZhRW4bk-00537-00124159-00124401 Sela was occupied by succession quarrels
M_6YZhRW4bk-00538-00124402-00124626 and France not opposed Sweden started
M_6YZhRW4bk-00539-00124627-00125025 the second remian war 1665 266 from its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00540-00125026-00125344 bremen Verdun fief the swedes under carl
M_6YZhRW4bk-00541-00125345-00125572 gustaf wrangle laid siege to the city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00542-00125573-00125754 Bremen the siege brought
M_6YZhRW4bk-00543-00125755-00125947 brandenburg-prussia Brunswick and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00544-00125948-00126210 Lunenburg Sela Denmark Leopold the first
M_6YZhRW4bk-00545-00126211-00126387 in the Netherlands onto the scene who
M_6YZhRW4bk-00546-00126388-00126552 were all in favor of the city with
M_6YZhRW4bk-00547-00126553-00126765 Brandenburg Ian celli and Danish and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00548-00126766-00126970 Dutch troops at Bremen Burton's borders
M_6YZhRW4bk-00549-00126971-00127243 ready to invade so on the 15th of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00550-00127244-00127531 November 1666 Sweden had to sign the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00551-00127532-00127737 treaty of haben housing obliging it to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00552-00127738-00127906 destroy the fortresses built close to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00553-00127907-00128112 Bremen and banning Bremen from sending
M_6YZhRW4bk-00554-00128113-00128283 its representative to the diet of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00555-00128284-00128541 lower Saxon Circle from then on no
M_6YZhRW4bk-00556-00128542-00128707 further Swedish attempts were made to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00557-00128708-00129060 capture the city in 1700 Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00558-00129061-00129228 introduced like all Protestant
M_6YZhRW4bk-00559-00129229-00129441 territories of Imperial immediacy the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00560-00129442-00129639 improved calendar as it was called by
M_6YZhRW4bk-00561-00129640-00129834 Protestants in order not to mention the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00562-00129835-00130147 name of Pope Gregory the 13th so Sunday
M_6YZhRW4bk-00563-00130148-00130377 the 18th of February of old style was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00564-00130378-00130587 followed by Monday the 1st of march new
M_6YZhRW4bk-00565-00130588-00131114 style
M_6YZhRW4bk-00566-00131115-00131657 topic nineteenth century
M_6YZhRW4bk-00567-00131658-00131897 the harbor of a jessic became part of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00568-00131898-00132244 the city of Bremen in 1803 in 1811
M_6YZhRW4bk-00569-00132245-00132515 Napoleon invaded Bremen and integrated
M_6YZhRW4bk-00570-00132516-00132689 it as the capital of the day part Amman
M_6YZhRW4bk-00571-00132690-00132902 to bouches do Vaser department of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00572-00132903-00133058 mouths of the Vaser into the french
M_6YZhRW4bk-00573-00133059-00133376 state in 1813 the French as they
M_6YZhRW4bk-00574-00133377-00133643 retreated withdrew from Bremen Johann
M_6YZhRW4bk-00575-00133644-00133841 Schmidt Riemann's representative at the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00576-00133842-00134039 Congress of Vienna was successful in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00577-00134040-00134189 achieving the non mediate ization of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00578-00134190-00134429 Bremen Hamburg and Lubeck by which they
M_6YZhRW4bk-00579-00134430-00134600 were not incorporated into neighboring
M_6YZhRW4bk-00580-00134601-00134771 monarchies but became sovereign
M_6YZhRW4bk-00581-00134772-00135065 republics Bremen joined the North German
M_6YZhRW4bk-00582-00135066-00135344 Confederation in 1867 and four years
M_6YZhRW4bk-00583-00135345-00135515 later became an autonomous component
M_6YZhRW4bk-00584-00135516-00135743 state of the new founded German Empire
M_6YZhRW4bk-00585-00135744-00136043 and its successors the first German
M_6YZhRW4bk-00586-00136044-00136316 steamship was manufactured in 1817 in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00587-00136317-00136658 the shipyard of Johann Lang in 1827
M_6YZhRW4bk-00588-00136659-00136907 Bremen under Johann Schmidt its mayor at
M_6YZhRW4bk-00589-00136908-00137069 that time purchased land from the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00590-00137070-00137288 kingdom of Hanover to establish the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00591-00137289-00137486 of Bremerhaven port of Bremen as an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00592-00137487-00137654 outpost of Bremen because the river
M_6YZhRW4bk-00593-00137655-00137900 Vaser was silting up the shipping
M_6YZhRW4bk-00594-00137901-00138185 company nor dr. Lloyd NDL was founded in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00595-00138186-00138545 1857 Lloyd was a byword for commercial
M_6YZhRW4bk-00596-00138546-00138722 shipping and is now a part of hey pag
M_6YZhRW4bk-00597-00138723-00139121 Lloyd Beck's brewery was founded in 1837
M_6YZhRW4bk-00598-00139122-00139355 and remains in operation today as part
M_6YZhRW4bk-00599-00139356-00139667 of anheuser-busch InBev in 1872 the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00600-00139668-00140324 Bremen Cotton Exchange was founded
M_6YZhRW4bk-00601-00140325-00140861 topic 20th century
M_6YZhRW4bk-00602-00140862-00141127 the Soviet republic of Bremen existed
M_6YZhRW4bk-00603-00141128-00141407 from January to February 1919 in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00604-00141408-00141632 aftermath of world war one before it was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00605-00141633-00141868 overthrown by Gerson burg fry corpse
M_6YZhRW4bk-00606-00141869-00142141 Henrik fought Georg Wolfe and Werner
M_6YZhRW4bk-00607-00142142-00142394 Nauman founded focke-wulf flugzeugbau AG
M_6YZhRW4bk-00608-00142395-00142654 in Bremen in 1923 the aircraft
M_6YZhRW4bk-00609-00142655-00142910 construction company as of 2010 forms
M_6YZhRW4bk-00610-00142911-00143147 part of Airbus a manufacturer of civil
M_6YZhRW4bk-00611-00143148-00143420 and military aircraft Borg Ward an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00612-00143421-00143648 automobile manufacturer was founded in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00613-00143649-00144050 1929 and is today part of Daimler AG the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00614-00144051-00144275 villages of Grande shown Beck almond
M_6YZhRW4bk-00615-00144276-00144548 hammers Beck far lob and Dorf Blumenthal
M_6YZhRW4bk-00616-00144549-00144782 Farge and Rec impart of the city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00617-00144783-00145121 Bremen in 1939 the Bremen vege esic
M_6YZhRW4bk-00618-00145122-00145343 concentration camp operated during world
M_6YZhRW4bk-00619-00145344-00145709 war ii allied bombing destroyed 60
M_6YZhRW4bk-00620-00145710-00145907 percent of the built-up area of bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00621-00145908-00146179 during world war ii the British 3rd
M_6YZhRW4bk-00622-00146180-00146399 Infantry Division under general Whistler
M_6YZhRW4bk-00623-00146400-00146725 captured Bremen in late April 1945 in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00624-00146726-00147076 1946 Bremen mayor Wilhelm kaizen SPD
M_6YZhRW4bk-00625-00147077-00147241 travelled to the u.s. to reestablish
M_6YZhRW4bk-00626-00147242-00147458 Bremen statehood as Bremen had
M_6YZhRW4bk-00627-00147459-00147652 traditionally been a city state in order
M_6YZhRW4bk-00628-00147653-00147829 to prevent its incorporation into the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00629-00147830-00148013 state of Lower Saxony in the British
M_6YZhRW4bk-00630-00148014-00148366 zone of occupation in 1947 the city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00631-00148367-00148574 became an N clave part of the American
M_6YZhRW4bk-00632-00148575-00148745 occupation zone surrounded by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00633-00148746-00149171 British zone in 1947 Martin men founded
M_6YZhRW4bk-00634-00149172-00149353 nord monday a manufacturer of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00635-00149354-00149621 entertainment electronics the company
M_6YZhRW4bk-00636-00149622-00149977 existed until 1987 ohb system a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00637-00149978-00150229 manufacturer of medium sized spaceflight
M_6YZhRW4bk-00638-00150230-00150589 satellites was founded in 1958 the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00639-00150590-00150913 University of Bremen founded in 1971 is
M_6YZhRW4bk-00640-00150914-00151133 one of 11 institutions classed as an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00641-00151134-00151465 elite University in Germany and teaches
M_6YZhRW4bk-00642-00151466-00151791 approximately twenty 3,500 people from
M_6YZhRW4bk-00643-00151792-00152453 126 countries
M_6YZhRW4bk-00644-00152454-00152988 topic geography
M_6YZhRW4bk-00645-00152989-00153219 Bremen lies on both sides of the river
M_6YZhRW4bk-00646-00153220-00153513 Vaser about 60 kilometres 37 miles
M_6YZhRW4bk-00647-00153514-00153753 upstream of its estuary on the North Sea
M_6YZhRW4bk-00648-00153754-00153953 and its transition to the outer Vaser by
M_6YZhRW4bk-00649-00153954-00154241 Bremerhaven opposite Bremen Zulte stat
M_6YZhRW4bk-00650-00154242-00154451 is the point where the middle Vaser
M_6YZhRW4bk-00651-00154452-00154818 becomes the lower Vaser and from the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00652-00154819-00155031 area of Bremen sport the river has been
M_6YZhRW4bk-00653-00155032-00155228 made navigable to ocean-going vessels
M_6YZhRW4bk-00654-00155229-00155484 the region on the left bank of the lower
M_6YZhRW4bk-00655-00155485-00155691 Vaser through which the öktem flows is
M_6YZhRW4bk-00656-00155692-00155910 the Vaser marshes the landscape on its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00657-00155911-00156078 right bank is part of the Elbe fazer
M_6YZhRW4bk-00658-00156079-00156351 triangle the lesson and it's tributaries
M_6YZhRW4bk-00659-00156352-00156590 the one-e-and ham the Sean Becker alle
M_6YZhRW4bk-00660-00156591-00156786 and Blumenthal Iraola are the downstream
M_6YZhRW4bk-00661-00156787-00157089 tributaries of the Vaser the city's
M_6YZhRW4bk-00662-00157090-00157415 municipal area is about 38 kilometres 24
M_6YZhRW4bk-00663-00157416-00157695 miles long and 16 kilometres 10 miles
M_6YZhRW4bk-00664-00157696-00158046 wide in terms of area Bremen is the 13th
M_6YZhRW4bk-00665-00158047-00158279 largest city in Germany and in terms of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00666-00158280-00158481 population the second-largest city in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00667-00158482-00158700 North West Germany after Hamburg in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00668-00158701-00158853 tenth largest in the whole of Germany
M_6YZhRW4bk-00669-00158854-00159195 seat list of cities in Germany Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00670-00159196-00159495 lies about 50 kilometres 31 miles east
M_6YZhRW4bk-00671-00159496-00159765 of the city of oldenburg 110 kilometres
M_6YZhRW4bk-00672-00159766-00160098 68 miles southwest of Hamburg 120
M_6YZhRW4bk-00673-00160099-00160359 kilometres 75 miles northwest of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00674-00160360-00160691 Hannover 100 kilometres 62 miles north
M_6YZhRW4bk-00675-00160692-00161022 of mindin and 105 kilometers 65 miles
M_6YZhRW4bk-00676-00161023-00161279 northeast of osnabrück part of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00677-00161280-00161493 Bremerhaven sport territory forms an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00678-00161494-00162127 exclave of the city of Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00679-00162128-00162628 topic Hill's of Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00680-00162629-00162859 the inner city lies on a Vaser dune
M_6YZhRW4bk-00681-00162860-00163054 which reaches a natural height of ten
M_6YZhRW4bk-00682-00163055-00163294 point five meters above sea level and n
M_6YZhRW4bk-00683-00163295-00163510 at Bremen Cathedral its highest point
M_6YZhRW4bk-00684-00163511-00163723 though is fourteen point four meters
M_6YZhRW4bk-00685-00163724-00163943 above sea level and N and lies to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00686-00163944-00164133 east at the Polly's eye house and while
M_6YZhRW4bk-00687-00164134-00164491 196 the highest natural feature in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00688-00164492-00164698 city of Bremen is thirty two point five
M_6YZhRW4bk-00689-00164699-00164908 meters above an N and lies in freed
M_6YZhRW4bk-00690-00164909-00165085 Horst Park in the northwestern borough
M_6YZhRW4bk-00691-00165086-00165385 of burgle 'some as a result Bremen has
M_6YZhRW4bk-00692-00165386-00165571 the lowest high point of all the German
M_6YZhRW4bk-00693-00165572-00165853 states however the man-made tip of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00694-00165854-00166069 rubbish dump blokland a pony in Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00695-00166070-00166814 wall is higher at 49 metres above NN
M_6YZhRW4bk-00696-00166815-00167283 topic climate
M_6YZhRW4bk-00697-00167284-00167547 Bremen has a moderate oceanic climate
M_6YZhRW4bk-00698-00167548-00167840 köppen climate classification cfb due to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00699-00167841-00168053 its proximity to the North Sea coast and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00700-00168054-00168251 temperate maritime air masses that move
M_6YZhRW4bk-00701-00168252-00168437 in with the predominantly westerly winds
M_6YZhRW4bk-00702-00168438-00168573 from the Atlantic Ocean
M_6YZhRW4bk-00703-00168574-00168858 however periods in which continental air
M_6YZhRW4bk-00704-00168859-00169073 masses predominant may occur at any time
M_6YZhRW4bk-00705-00169074-00169226 of the year and can lead to heat waves
M_6YZhRW4bk-00706-00169227-00169431 in the summer and prolonged periods of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00707-00169432-00169679 frost in the winter in general though
M_6YZhRW4bk-00708-00169680-00169872 extremes are rare in Bremen and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00709-00169873-00170085 temperatures below minus 15 degrees
M_6YZhRW4bk-00710-00170086-00170382 Celsius 5.0 degrees Fahrenheit and above
M_6YZhRW4bk-00711-00170383-00170694 35 degrees Celsius 90 5.0 degrees
M_6YZhRW4bk-00712-00170695-00170900 Fahrenheit occur only once every couple
M_6YZhRW4bk-00713-00170901-00171198 of years the record high temperature was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00714-00171199-00171385 thirty seven point six degrees Celsius
M_6YZhRW4bk-00715-00171386-00171689 99 point seven degrees Fahrenheit on the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00716-00171690-00171972 9th of August 1992 while the record low
M_6YZhRW4bk-00717-00171973-00172185 temperature was minus twenty-three point
M_6YZhRW4bk-00718-00172186-00172320 six degrees Celsius
M_6YZhRW4bk-00719-00172321-00172541 minus ten point five degrees Fahrenheit
M_6YZhRW4bk-00720-00172542-00172898 on the 13th of February 1940 being at
M_6YZhRW4bk-00721-00172899-00173070 some distance from the main North Sea
M_6YZhRW4bk-00722-00173071-00173232 bremen still has a somewhat wider
M_6YZhRW4bk-00723-00173233-00173453 temperature range than Bremerhaven that
M_6YZhRW4bk-00724-00173454-00173662 is located on the mouth of a sir
M_6YZhRW4bk-00725-00173663-00173861 average temperatures have risen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00726-00173862-00174060 continually over the last decades
M_6YZhRW4bk-00727-00174061-00174243 leading to a zero point six degrees
M_6YZhRW4bk-00728-00174244-00174566 Celsius 1.1 degrees Fahrenheit rise in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00729-00174567-00174827 the mean annual temperature between 1961
M_6YZhRW4bk-00730-00174828-00175076 to nineteen nineteen eighty one to 2010
M_6YZhRW4bk-00731-00175077-00175361 reference periods as in most parts of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00732-00175362-00175608 Germany the year 2014 has been the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00733-00175609-00175821 warmest year on record averaging eleven
M_6YZhRW4bk-00734-00175822-00176111 point one degrees Celsius 50 2.0 degrees
M_6YZhRW4bk-00735-00176112-00176312 Fahrenheit making Bremen the second
M_6YZhRW4bk-00736-00176313-00176501 warmest German state after Berlin in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00737-00176502-00176810 2014 while Bremen is located in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00738-00176811-00177029 comparatively cloudy northwestern part
M_6YZhRW4bk-00739-00177030-00177231 of Germany there has been a significant
M_6YZhRW4bk-00740-00177232-00177447 increase in average sunshine hours over
M_6YZhRW4bk-00741-00177448-00177638 the last decades especially in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00742-00177639-00177873 months of April May in July causing the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00743-00177874-00178127 annual mean to rise by 62 hours between
M_6YZhRW4bk-00744-00178128-00178293 the two reference periods mentioned
M_6YZhRW4bk-00745-00178294-00178560 above this trend has continued over the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00746-00178561-00178940 last 10 years which averaged 1614 hours
M_6YZhRW4bk-00747-00178941-00179225 of sunshine a good 130 hours more than
M_6YZhRW4bk-00748-00179226-00179421 in the international reference period of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00749-00179422-00179823 1961 to 90 nevertheless especially the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00750-00179824-00180011 winters remain extremely gloomy by
M_6YZhRW4bk-00751-00180012-00180210 international standards with December
M_6YZhRW4bk-00752-00180211-00180413 averaging hardly more than one hour of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00753-00180414-00180614 sunshine out of seven astronomical
M_6YZhRW4bk-00754-00180615-00180669 apostle
M_6YZhRW4bk-00755-00180670-00180870 per day a feature that Bremen shares
M_6YZhRW4bk-00756-00180871-00181059 with most of Germany in its neighboring
M_6YZhRW4bk-00757-00181060-00181347 countries though precipitation is
M_6YZhRW4bk-00758-00181348-00181559 distributed fairly even around the year
M_6YZhRW4bk-00759-00181560-00181758 with a small peak in summer mainly due
M_6YZhRW4bk-00760-00181759-00181997 to convective precipitation ie showers
M_6YZhRW4bk-00761-00181998-00182256 and thunderstorms snowfall and the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00762-00182257-00182453 period of snow cover are variable
M_6YZhRW4bk-00763-00182454-00182651 whereas in some years hardly any snow
M_6YZhRW4bk-00764-00182652-00182856 accumulation occurs there has recently
M_6YZhRW4bk-00765-00182857-00183104 been a series of unusually snowy winters
M_6YZhRW4bk-00766-00183105-00183335 peaking in the record year 2010 counting
M_6YZhRW4bk-00767-00183336-00183621 84 days with a snow cover nevertheless
M_6YZhRW4bk-00768-00183622-00183872 snow accumulation of more than 20
M_6YZhRW4bk-00769-00183873-00184103 centimeters a tin remains exceptional
M_6YZhRW4bk-00770-00184104-00184463 the record being 68 centimeters 26.8 and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00771-00184464-00184886 of snow on the 18th of february 1979 the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00772-00184887-00185121 warmest months in bremen are June July
M_6YZhRW4bk-00773-00185122-00185279 and August with average high
M_6YZhRW4bk-00774-00185280-00185472 temperatures of twenty point two to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00775-00185473-00185650 twenty two point six degrees Celsius
M_6YZhRW4bk-00776-00185651-00185891 sixty-eight point four two seventy two
M_6YZhRW4bk-00777-00185892-00186137 point seven degrees Fahrenheit the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00778-00186138-00186335 coldest are December January and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00779-00186336-00186546 February with average low temperatures
M_6YZhRW4bk-00780-00186547-00186764 of minus one point one two zero point
M_6YZhRW4bk-00781-00186765-00186974 three degrees Celsius thirty point O to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00782-00186975-00187222 thirty two point five degrees Fahrenheit
M_6YZhRW4bk-00783-00187223-00187502 typical of its maritime location autumn
M_6YZhRW4bk-00784-00187503-00187691 tends to remain mild well into October
M_6YZhRW4bk-00785-00187692-00187886 while spring arrives later than in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00786-00187887-00188561 southwestern parts of the country
M_6YZhRW4bk-00787-00188562-00189102 topic demographics
M_6YZhRW4bk-00788-00189103-00189429 as of 2015 Bremen had a population of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00789-00189430-00189648 five hundred fifty-seven thousand four
M_6YZhRW4bk-00790-00189649-00189831 hundred sixty-four of whom about eighty
M_6YZhRW4bk-00791-00189832-00190026 nine thousand seven hundred thirteen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00792-00190027-00190292 sixteen percent had foreign citizenship
M_6YZhRW4bk-00793-00190293-00190524 furthermore twenty nine point four
M_6YZhRW4bk-00794-00190525-00190725 percent of the city population were of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00795-00190726-00191021 non German origin ethnicity as of 2015
M_6YZhRW4bk-00796-00191022-00191286 number of minorities in Bremen by
M_6YZhRW4bk-00797-00191287-00191529 nationality as of the 31st of December
M_6YZhRW4bk-00798-00191530-00192022 2015
M_6YZhRW4bk-00799-00192023-00192545 topic politics
M_6YZhRW4bk-00800-00192546-00192809 the stat burger shaft municipal assembly
M_6YZhRW4bk-00801-00192810-00193100 is made up of 68 of the 83 legislators
M_6YZhRW4bk-00802-00193101-00193277 of the state legislature the Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00803-00193278-00193481 burger shaft who reside in the city of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00804-00193482-00193757 Bremen the legislature is elected by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00805-00193758-00193996 citizens of Bremen every four years
M_6YZhRW4bk-00806-00193997-00194276 Bremen has a reputation as a left-wing
M_6YZhRW4bk-00807-00194277-00194537 city this left-wing atmosphere largely
M_6YZhRW4bk-00808-00194538-00194708 stems from a transition from an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00809-00194709-00194918 industrial economy to a service economy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00810-00194919-00195200 in elections for the stat burger shaft
M_6YZhRW4bk-00811-00195201-00195389 the Social Democratic Party has
M_6YZhRW4bk-00812-00195390-00195662 dominated for decades the Greens have
M_6YZhRW4bk-00813-00195663-00195854 also been very successful in city
M_6YZhRW4bk-00814-00195855-00196079 elections the state of Bremen which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00815-00196080-00196274 consists of the city is governed by a
M_6YZhRW4bk-00816-00196275-00196502 coalition of the Social Democratic Party
M_6YZhRW4bk-00817-00196503-00196760 in the Greens one of the two mayors
M_6YZhRW4bk-00818-00196761-00196988 Burgermeister is elected president of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00819-00196989-00197183 the Senate precedent dayson acts and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00820-00197184-00197356 serves as head of the city in the state
M_6YZhRW4bk-00821-00197357-00198038 the current president is Carsten ceiling
M_6YZhRW4bk-00822-00198039-00198585 topic last state election
M_6YZhRW4bk-00823-00198586-00198858 provisional results the AFD did not
M_6YZhRW4bk-00824-00198859-00199076 reach the 5% threshold in Bremerhaven
M_6YZhRW4bk-00825-00199077-00199284 and will hence only receive seats for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00826-00199285-00199521 votes from Bremen the BIW did not reach
M_6YZhRW4bk-00827-00199522-00199691 the threshold in Bremen and will only
M_6YZhRW4bk-00828-00199692-00199916 receive one seat in Bremerhaven mun in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00829-00199917-00200437 Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00830-00200438-00201001 topic administrative structure
M_6YZhRW4bk-00831-00201002-00201366 you
M_6YZhRW4bk-00832-00201367-00201906 topic main sites
M_6YZhRW4bk-00833-00201907-00202149 many of the sites in Bremen are found in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00834-00202150-00202352 the altstadt old town an oval area
M_6YZhRW4bk-00835-00202353-00202553 surrounded by the Vaser River on the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00836-00202554-00202731 southwest and the wall grabbin the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00837-00202732-00202916 former moats of the medieval city walls
M_6YZhRW4bk-00838-00202917-00203189 on the northeast the oldest part of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00839-00203190-00203412 altstadt as the south east half starting
M_6YZhRW4bk-00840-00203413-00203574 with the marked plots and ending at the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00841-00203575-00203883 shore quarter the marked plots Market
M_6YZhRW4bk-00842-00203884-00204089 Square is dominated by the opulent
M_6YZhRW4bk-00843-00204090-00204338 facade of the Town Hall of Bremen the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00844-00204339-00204612 building was erected between 1405 and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00845-00204613-00204869 1410 in Gothic style but the facade was
M_6YZhRW4bk-00846-00204871-00205181 built two centuries later 1609 to twelve
M_6YZhRW4bk-00847-00205182-00205469 in Renaissance style the Town Hall is
M_6YZhRW4bk-00848-00205471-00205634 the seat of the president of the Senate
M_6YZhRW4bk-00849-00205635-00205926 of Bremen today it hosts a restaurant in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00850-00205927-00206123 original decor with gigantic wine
M_6YZhRW4bk-00851-00206125-00206180 barrels
M_6YZhRW4bk-00852-00206181-00206360 the ratskeller in Bremen and the wine
M_6YZhRW4bk-00853-00206361-00206621 list boasts more than 600 exclusively
M_6YZhRW4bk-00854-00206623-00206930 German wines it is also home of the 12
M_6YZhRW4bk-00855-00206931-00207123 oldest wines in the world stored in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00856-00207123-00207300 their original barrels in the apostille
M_6YZhRW4bk-00857-00207301-00207638 chamber in July 2004 along with the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00858-00207639-00207830 Bremen Rowland the building was added to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00859-00207831-00208084 the list of UNESCO World Heritage Sites
M_6YZhRW4bk-00860-00208085-00208355 two statues stand to the west side of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00861-00208356-00208580 the Town Hall one is the statue Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00862-00208581-00208844 Roland 1404 of the city's protector
M_6YZhRW4bk-00863-00208846-00209009 Roland with his view against the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00864-00209010-00209183 Cathedral and bearing der and artha
M_6YZhRW4bk-00865-00209184-00209510 sword of justice and a shield decorated
M_6YZhRW4bk-00866-00209511-00209721 with an imperial eagle the other near
M_6YZhRW4bk-00867-00209721-00209880 the entrance to the ratskeller as
M_6YZhRW4bk-00868-00209881-00210204 Gerhard marks bronze sculpture 1953 die
M_6YZhRW4bk-00869-00210205-00210431 stadt music Kenton town musicians which
M_6YZhRW4bk-00870-00210432-00210680 portrays the donkey dog cat and rooster
M_6YZhRW4bk-00871-00210681-00210954 of the Grimm brothers fairy tale other
M_6YZhRW4bk-00872-00210955-00211157 interesting buildings in the vicinity of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00873-00211158-00211382 the marked plots are the shutting a 16th
M_6YZhRW4bk-00874-00211383-00211641 century Flemish inspired guild hall rats
M_6YZhRW4bk-00875-00211642-00211917 cafe rats apotheke haus der stadt spark
M_6YZhRW4bk-00876-00211917-00212112 ass in the stat-wise the former way
M_6YZhRW4bk-00877-00212113-00212342 house built in 1588 with an ornate
M_6YZhRW4bk-00878-00212344-00212577 Renaissance facade and the nearby ASIC
M_6YZhRW4bk-00879-00212578-00212785 house once a fine Renaissance town house
M_6YZhRW4bk-00880-00212786-00213059 the facades and houses surrounding the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00881-00213060-00213246 Market Square were the first buildings
M_6YZhRW4bk-00882-00213246-00213438 in Bremen to be restored after world war
M_6YZhRW4bk-00883-00213439-00213716 ii by the citizens of bremen themselves
M_6YZhRW4bk-00884-00213717-00214053 st. Peter's Cathedral 13th century to
M_6YZhRW4bk-00885-00214054-00214200 the east of the marked Platz with
M_6YZhRW4bk-00886-00214201-00214421 sculptures of Moses and David Peter and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00887-00214423-00214698 Paul and Charlemagne on katherine-anne
M_6YZhRW4bk-00888-00214698-00214869 cluster HOF to the northwest of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00889-00214869-00215088 Cathedral a few remaining traces can be
M_6YZhRW4bk-00890-00215089-00215298 found of st. catherine's monastery date
M_6YZhRW4bk-00891-00215298-00215613 back to the 13th century the Leapfrog
M_6YZhRW4bk-00892-00215614-00215838 church our ladies church is the oldest
M_6YZhRW4bk-00893-00215839-00216110 church of the town 11th century its
M_6YZhRW4bk-00894-00216111-00216333 Crypt features several impressive murals
M_6YZhRW4bk-00895-00216334-00216663 from the 14th century off the south side
M_6YZhRW4bk-00896-00216664-00216759 of the mark Platz
M_6YZhRW4bk-00897-00216760-00217098 the 110 meters 120 yards bhature Strasse
M_6YZhRW4bk-00898-00217098-00217491 was transformed in 1923 to 1931 by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00899-00217492-00217716 coffee magnate Ludwig res Elias who
M_6YZhRW4bk-00900-00217717-00217890 commissioned local artists to convert
M_6YZhRW4bk-00901-00217891-00218096 the narrow street in medieval times the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00902-00218098-00218259 street of the barrel makers into an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00903-00218260-00218444 inspired mixture of Gothic and Art
M_6YZhRW4bk-00904-00218446-00218748 Nouveau it was considered an tart eight
M_6YZhRW4bk-00905-00218748-00219042 kunst to generate art by the Nazis
M_6YZhRW4bk-00906-00219042-00219258 today the street is one of bremen x'
M_6YZhRW4bk-00907-00219259-00219441 most popular attractions with the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00908-00219442-00219633 glockenspiel housed at number four with
M_6YZhRW4bk-00909-00219634-00219831 its carillon of Meissen porcelain bells
M_6YZhRW4bk-00910-00219832-00220142 at the end of bhature strasse by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00911-00220144-00220332 Vaser bank stands the martin occurred
M_6YZhRW4bk-00912-00220333-00220548 Saint Martin's Church a gothic brick
M_6YZhRW4bk-00913-00220548-00220910 church built in 1229 and rebuilt in 1960
M_6YZhRW4bk-00914-00220911-00221153 after its destruction in world war ii
M_6YZhRW4bk-00915-00221154-00221396 tucked away between the cathedral and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00916-00221398-00221583 the river as the Schnoor a small well
M_6YZhRW4bk-00917-00221584-00221763 preserved area of crooked lanes
M_6YZhRW4bk-00918-00221764-00221973 fisherman's and shippers houses from the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00919-00221973-00222242 17th and 18th centuries now occupied by
M_6YZhRW4bk-00920-00222244-00222498 cafes artisan shops and art galleries
M_6YZhRW4bk-00921-00222498-00222780 the convent of st. Birgitta Forgetting
M_6YZhRW4bk-00922-00222781-00223044 cluster founded in 2002 as a small
M_6YZhRW4bk-00923-00223044-00223251 community of just seven nuns offering
M_6YZhRW4bk-00924-00223252-00223509 guest accommodation slocked
M_6YZhRW4bk-00925-00223510-00223709 the medieval harbor of bremen the modern
M_6YZhRW4bk-00926-00223710-00223910 port is some kilometers downstream and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00927-00223911-00224112 today a Riverside Boulevard with pubs
M_6YZhRW4bk-00928-00224113-00224307 and bars aligned on one side and the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00929-00224308-00224588 banks of a sir on the other
M_6YZhRW4bk-00930-00224589-00224789 the veer tell district to the east of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00931-00224790-00224960 the old town combines rows of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00932-00224961-00225191 nineteenth-century Bremen houses Reimer
M_6YZhRW4bk-00933-00225192-00225386 house' with museums and the theaters of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00934-00225387-00225575 theater bremen along the city's cultural
M_6YZhRW4bk-00935-00225576-00225911 mile coal terminal bremen the nasir
M_6YZhRW4bk-00936-00225912-00226115 moshe is the first purpose-built mosque
M_6YZhRW4bk-00937-00226116-00226301 of the ahmadi amaz ylim community in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00938-00226302-00226492 bremen more contemporary tourist
M_6YZhRW4bk-00939-00226494-00226802 attractions include Universum Science
M_6YZhRW4bk-00940-00226803-00227102 Center a modern science museum the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00941-00227103-00227285 rhododendron park bremen a major
M_6YZhRW4bk-00942-00227286-00227501 collection of rhododendrons and azaleas
M_6YZhRW4bk-00943-00227502-00227769 also includes a botanical garden
M_6YZhRW4bk-00944-00227771-00228011 Botanica a nature museum within the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00945-00228012-00228203 rhododendron park bremen that attempts
M_6YZhRW4bk-00946-00228204-00228401 be to the same as the universim but for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00947-00228402-00228475 biology
M_6YZhRW4bk-00948-00228476-00228769 Beks brewery tours are available to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00949-00228771-00229064 public which include beer tasting the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00950-00229065-00229273 kunst all a brahman an art museum with
M_6YZhRW4bk-00951-00229275-00229514 paintings from the 19th and 20th century
M_6YZhRW4bk-00952-00229515-00229726 maintained by the citizens of Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00953-00229727-00230044 folk museum museum of art and cultural
M_6YZhRW4bk-00954-00230046-00230342 history the uber sea museum Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00955-00230342-00230576 oversees world Museum is a Natural
M_6YZhRW4bk-00956-00230577-00230777 History and ethnographic museum nearby
M_6YZhRW4bk-00957-00230778-00231056 the Central Station Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-00958-00231057-00231305 the selling in botcher Strasse an
M_6YZhRW4bk-00959-00231306-00231469 art museum and expressionist
M_6YZhRW4bk-00960-00231471-00231671 architecture from Bernhard hugger with
M_6YZhRW4bk-00961-00231671-00231866 paintings from the 20th century from
M_6YZhRW4bk-00962-00231867-00232160 Paula Madison Becker the Weiser burg
M_6YZhRW4bk-00963-00232161-00232412 museum for Moderne kunst Weiser burg
M_6YZhRW4bk-00964-00232413-00232721 Modern Art Museum a Modern Art Museum
M_6YZhRW4bk-00965-00232721-00233311 located in the middle of the Vaser River
M_6YZhRW4bk-00966-00233312-00233650 topic structures
M_6YZhRW4bk-00967-00233651-00233807 you
M_6YZhRW4bk-00968-00233808-00234164 medium-wave transmitter Bremen fault or
M_6YZhRW4bk-00969-00234165-00234482 Bremen Bremen wall telecommunication
M_6YZhRW4bk-00970-00234483-00234692 tower Frey Waldorf Shale in Bremen sub
M_6YZhRW4bk-00971-00234692-00234881 all's brick was Germany's first school
M_6YZhRW4bk-00972-00234882-00235067 built to the Passivhaus low energy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00973-00235067-00235457 building standard topic economy
M_6YZhRW4bk-00974-00235458-00235658 according to data from the organisation
M_6YZhRW4bk-00975-00235659-00235828 of Economic Cooperation and Development
M_6YZhRW4bk-00976-00235829-00236302 Bremen had a GDP per capita of 53,000
M_6YZhRW4bk-00977-00236303-00236612 $379 in 2013 higher than the average for
M_6YZhRW4bk-00978-00236613-00236906 Germany as a whole for comparison in
M_6YZhRW4bk-00979-00236907-00237206 2013 the World Bank reported Germany had
M_6YZhRW4bk-00980-00237207-00237686 a GDP per capita of 46,000 $268 and the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00981-00237687-00237961 EU overall had a GDP per capita of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00982-00237962-00238325 35,000 $408 in the same year Bremen is
M_6YZhRW4bk-00983-00238326-00238490 the second development center of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00984-00238491-00238763 region after Hamburg it forms part of
M_6YZhRW4bk-00985-00238764-00238985 the production network of Airbus SAS and
M_6YZhRW4bk-00986-00238986-00239117 this is where equipping of the wing
M_6YZhRW4bk-00987-00239117-00239321 units for all wide-body Airbus aircraft
M_6YZhRW4bk-00988-00239321-00239528 and the manufacturer of small sheet
M_6YZhRW4bk-00989-00239529-00239801 metal parts takes place structural
M_6YZhRW4bk-00990-00239802-00240014 assembly including that of metal landing
M_6YZhRW4bk-00991-00240015-00240302 flaps is another focal point within the
M_6YZhRW4bk-00992-00240303-00240554 framework of Airbus a380 production
M_6YZhRW4bk-00993-00240555-00240773 assembly of the landing flaps high lift
M_6YZhRW4bk-00994-00240773-00241046 systems is carried out here the pre
M_6YZhRW4bk-00995-00241046-00241262 final assembly of the fuselage section
M_6YZhRW4bk-00996-00241263-00241471 excluding the cockpit of the a400m
M_6YZhRW4bk-00997-00241471-00241760 military transport aircraft takes place
M_6YZhRW4bk-00998-00241761-00241973 before delivery on to Spain more than
M_6YZhRW4bk-00999-00241973-00242248 3,100 persons are employed at Airbus
M_6YZhRW4bk-01000-00242250-00242480 Bremen the second largest Airbus site in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01001-00242481-00242714 Germany as part of the center of
M_6YZhRW4bk-01002-00242715-00242906 excellence link pylon Bremen is
M_6YZhRW4bk-01003-00242907-00243041 responsible for the design and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01004-00243042-00243263 manufacture of high lift systems for the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01005-00243264-00243517 wings of Airbus aircraft the entire
M_6YZhRW4bk-01006-00243519-00243740 process chain for the high lift elements
M_6YZhRW4bk-01007-00243741-00243905 has established here including the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01008-00243906-00244123 project office technology engineering
M_6YZhRW4bk-01009-00244125-00244328 flight physics system engineering
M_6YZhRW4bk-01010-00244329-00244592 structure development verification tests
M_6YZhRW4bk-01011-00244592-00244808 structural assembly wing equipping and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01012-00244809-00244985 ultimate delivery to the final assembly
M_6YZhRW4bk-01013-00244986-00245282 line in addition Bremen manufactures
M_6YZhRW4bk-01014-00245283-00245498 sheet metal parts like clips and thrust
M_6YZhRW4bk-01015-00245498-00245702 crests for all Airbus aircraft as part
M_6YZhRW4bk-01016-00245703-00245923 of the center of excellence fuselage and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01017-00245925-00246161 cabin in Bremen there is a plant of EAD
M_6YZhRW4bk-01018-00246162-00246398 s Astrium and the headquarters of ohb
M_6YZhRW4bk-01019-00246398-00246608 system respectively the first and the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01020-00246609-00246803 third space companies of European Union
M_6YZhRW4bk-01021-00246804-00247112 there is also a mercedes-benz Factory in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01022-00247113-00247181 Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01023-00247182-00247565 building the c CL k SL SL k and GL k
M_6YZhRW4bk-01024-00247566-00247805 series of cars beckon COEs headlining
M_6YZhRW4bk-01025-00247806-00248036 Brubeck's and st. Pauli girl beers are
M_6YZhRW4bk-01026-00248037-00248315 brewed in Bremen in past centuries when
M_6YZhRW4bk-01027-00248316-00248513 Bremen Sport was the key to Europe the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01028-00248514-00248711 city also had a large number of wine
M_6YZhRW4bk-01029-00248712-00248894 importers but the number is down to a
M_6YZhRW4bk-01030-00248894-00249146 precious few apart from that there is
M_6YZhRW4bk-01031-00249146-00249319 another link between Bremen and wine
M_6YZhRW4bk-01032-00249321-00249590 about 800 years ago quality wines were
M_6YZhRW4bk-01033-00249591-00249881 produced here the largest wine cellar in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01034-00249882-00250094 the world is located in Bremen below the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01035-00250094-00250292 city's main square which was once said
M_6YZhRW4bk-01036-00250292-00250484 to hold over 1 million bottles but
M_6YZhRW4bk-01037-00250485-00250658 during world war ii was rated by
M_6YZhRW4bk-01038-00250659-00250982 occupying forces a large number of food
M_6YZhRW4bk-01039-00250983-00251167 producing or trading companies are
M_6YZhRW4bk-01040-00251169-00251363 located in bremen with their German or
M_6YZhRW4bk-01041-00251364-00251537 European headquarters anheuser-busch
M_6YZhRW4bk-01042-00251538-00251837 InBev Beck's brewery Kellogg's Kraft
M_6YZhRW4bk-01043-00251838-00252116 Foods Kraft Jacobs coffee milk at
M_6YZhRW4bk-01044-00252117-00252359 Chocolate Miller 'im miracoli frosted
M_6YZhRW4bk-01045-00252360-00252671 frosted food Nord C chain of C fast food
M_6YZhRW4bk-01046-00252671-00252980 Malita Kaffee ed Jojo Kaffee Azul Kaffee
M_6YZhRW4bk-01047-00252981-00253192 vitae Kraft pet food for birds and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01048-00253194-00253415 fishes Atlanta AG Chiquita banana
M_6YZhRW4bk-01049-00253416-00253648 chocolatier Hesh a fine chocolate and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01050-00253650-00253955 confessori Theodora chocolatier Bree mer
M_6YZhRW4bk-01051-00253956-00254285 wall camera a BW k a worldwide operating
M_6YZhRW4bk-01052-00254286-00254473 company for manufacturing wool and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01053-00254475-00254690 trading in wool and similar products is
M_6YZhRW4bk-01054-00254691-00255317 headquartered in Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01055-00255317-00255841 topic transport
M_6YZhRW4bk-01056-00255842-00256053 Bremen has an International Airport
M_6YZhRW4bk-01057-00256054-00256353 situated three kilometers to miles south
M_6YZhRW4bk-01058-00256354-00256659 of the city center trams in Bremen and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01059-00256660-00256854 local bus services are offered by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01060-00256855-00257065 Bremer strand bond act translates from
M_6YZhRW4bk-01061-00257066-00257287 German as Bremen tramways corporation
M_6YZhRW4bk-01062-00257288-00257577 often abbreviated B s AG the public
M_6YZhRW4bk-01063-00257578-00257788 transport provider for Bremen the Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01064-00257789-00258000 s bond covers the Bremen Oldenburg
M_6YZhRW4bk-01065-00258001-00258223 metropolitan region from Bremerhaven in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01066-00258223-00258384 the north to twist ring and in the south
M_6YZhRW4bk-01067-00258385-00258589 and from Oldenburg in the West centered
M_6YZhRW4bk-01068-00258590-00258855 on Bremen Central Station it has been in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01069-00258856-00259119 operation since 2010 this network
M_6YZhRW4bk-01070-00259121-00259359 unified existing regional transport in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01071-00259360-00259542 Bremen as well as surrounding cities
M_6YZhRW4bk-01072-00259544-00259800 including Bremerhaven Delmon Horst twist
M_6YZhRW4bk-01073-00259801-00260025 ringin Norden 'm Oldenburg and Verdun
M_6YZhRW4bk-01074-00260026-00260287 and der ala the network lies completely
M_6YZhRW4bk-01075-00260288-00260488 within the area of the Bremen Lower
M_6YZhRW4bk-01076-00260489-00260716 Saxony Transport Association whose
M_6YZhRW4bk-01077-00260717-00261362 tariff structure applies
M_6YZhRW4bk-01078-00261363-00261867 topic events
M_6YZhRW4bk-01079-00261867-00262212 on August 8th 1992 in Weezer Stadium
M_6YZhRW4bk-01080-00262213-00262422 Michael Jackson performed a show as part
M_6YZhRW4bk-01081-00262423-00262623 of his dangerous world tour it was one
M_6YZhRW4bk-01082-00262624-00262812 of his three shows in Bremen and on his
M_6YZhRW4bk-01083-00262813-00262989 next and last tour he kicked off the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01084-00262990-00263237 next tour history world tour in Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01085-00263238-00263568 every year since 1036 in the last two
M_6YZhRW4bk-01086-00263569-00263781 weeks of October Bremen has hosted the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01087-00263782-00264039 Frey marked free market one of the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01088-00264040-00264225 world's oldest and in Germany one of
M_6YZhRW4bk-01089-00264226-00264456 today's biggest continuously celebrated
M_6YZhRW4bk-01090-00264457-00264771 fairground festivals Bremen is host to
M_6YZhRW4bk-01091-00264772-00264957 one of the four big annual techno
M_6YZhRW4bk-01092-00264958-00265299 parades the vision parade Bremen is also
M_6YZhRW4bk-01093-00265300-00265746 hosted the Reimer 68 GE renin a bicycle
M_6YZhRW4bk-01094-00265747-00266034 race at the Bremen Arena every year the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01095-00266035-00266235 city plays host to young musicians from
M_6YZhRW4bk-01096-00266236-00266397 across the world playing in the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01097-00266398-00266589 International Youth Symphony Orchestra
M_6YZhRW4bk-01098-00266590-00267054 of Bremen iyi so be on March 12th 1999
M_6YZhRW4bk-01099-00267055-00267276 the rock band Kiss played a live show in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01100-00267277-00267555 Bremen before the show they were told by
M_6YZhRW4bk-01101-00267556-00267708 the fire marshal not to use any
M_6YZhRW4bk-01102-00267709-00268002 fireworks they did not use any fireworks
M_6YZhRW4bk-01103-00268003-00268197 until the very end when they set off all
M_6YZhRW4bk-01104-00268198-00268473 of the fireworks at once because of this
M_6YZhRW4bk-01105-00268474-00268632 they are now banned from playing in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01106-00268633-00268971 Bremen Bremen was host to the 2006
M_6YZhRW4bk-01107-00268972-00269307 RoboCup competition Bremen was host to
M_6YZhRW4bk-01108-00269308-00269532 the 32nd deutscher of Angela shirk and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01109-00269533-00270009 tag 22 24 May 2009 Bremen hosted the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01110-00270010-00270213 50th international mathematical Olympiad
M_6YZhRW4bk-01111-00270214-00271069 emo from 10 to 22 July 2009
M_6YZhRW4bk-01112-00271070-00271583 topic sports
M_6YZhRW4bk-01113-00271584-00271805 Bremen is home to the football team
M_6YZhRW4bk-01114-00271806-00271964 Werder Bremen who won the German
M_6YZhRW4bk-01115-00271965-00272150 football championship for the fourth
M_6YZhRW4bk-01116-00272151-00272354 time in the German football Cup for the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01117-00272355-00272609 fifth time in 2004 making them only the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01118-00272610-00272789 fourth team in German football history
M_6YZhRW4bk-01119-00272790-00272975 to win the double the club won the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01120-00272976-00273149 German Football Cup for the sixth time
M_6YZhRW4bk-01121-00273150-00273521 in 2009 only Bayern Munich has won more
M_6YZhRW4bk-01122-00273522-00273809 titles in the final match of the 2009-10
M_6YZhRW4bk-01123-00273810-00273887 season
M_6YZhRW4bk-01124-00273888-00274166 Werder Bremen lost to Bayern Munich the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01125-00274167-00274412 home stadium of SV Werder Bremen is the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01126-00274413-00274637 Weiser Stadium a pure football stadium
M_6YZhRW4bk-01127-00274638-00274838 almost completely surrounded by solar
M_6YZhRW4bk-01128-00274839-00275114 cells it is one of the biggest buildings
M_6YZhRW4bk-01129-00275115-00275839 in Europe delivering alternative energy
M_6YZhRW4bk-01130-00275840-00276284 topic education and sciences
M_6YZhRW4bk-01131-00276285-00276460 you
M_6YZhRW4bk-01132-00276461-00276754 with 18,000 students the University of
M_6YZhRW4bk-01133-00276755-00276940 Bremen is the largest university in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01134-00276941-00277096 Bremen and is also home to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01135-00277097-00277291 International Goethe Institute and the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01136-00277292-00277573 fall tour Bremen additionally Bremen has
M_6YZhRW4bk-01137-00277574-00277756 a university of the arts and the Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01138-00277757-00278119 University of Applied Sciences in 2001
M_6YZhRW4bk-01139-00278120-00278344 the Private Jacobs University Bremen was
M_6YZhRW4bk-01140-00278345-00278614 founded all major German research
M_6YZhRW4bk-01141-00278615-00278821 foundations maintain Institute's in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01142-00278822-00279043 Bremen with a focus on marine sciences
M_6YZhRW4bk-01143-00279044-00279244 the max planck society with the Max
M_6YZhRW4bk-01144-00279245-00279487 Planck Institute for marine microbiology
M_6YZhRW4bk-01145-00279488-00279646 and the Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz
M_6YZhRW4bk-01146-00279647-00279865 scientific community with the center for
M_6YZhRW4bk-01147-00279866-00280198 tropical marine ecology zmt the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01148-00280199-00280366 Bremerhaven based Alfred Wegener
M_6YZhRW4bk-01149-00280367-00280606 Institute of the Helmholtz Association
M_6YZhRW4bk-01150-00280607-00280756 closely cooperates with the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01151-00280757-00280966 aforementioned Institute's especially
M_6YZhRW4bk-01152-00280967-00281110 within the Mara MS Center for marine
M_6YZhRW4bk-01153-00281111-00281353 environmental sciences affiliated to the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01154-00281354-00281620 University of Bremen furthermore the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01155-00281621-00281854 Fraunhofer Society is present in Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01156-00281855-00282025 with centers for applied material
M_6YZhRW4bk-01157-00282026-00282220 research I fam and medical image
M_6YZhRW4bk-01158-00282221-00282840 computing Mavis
M_6YZhRW4bk-01159-00282841-00283367 topic miscellanea
M_6YZhRW4bk-01160-00283368-00283691 in December 1949 Bremen hosted the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01161-00283692-00283903 lecture cycle ein blick in das was east
M_6YZhRW4bk-01162-00283904-00284107 by the philosopher Martin Heidegger in
M_6YZhRW4bk-01163-00284108-00284308 which Heidegger introduced his concept
M_6YZhRW4bk-01164-00284309-00284645 of a 4-fold of earth and sky gods and
M_6YZhRW4bk-01165-00284646-00284690 mortals
M_6YZhRW4bk-01166-00284691-00284932 this was also Heidegger's first public
M_6YZhRW4bk-01167-00284933-00285089 speaking engagement following his
M_6YZhRW4bk-01168-00285090-00285283 removal from his Freiburg professorship
M_6YZhRW4bk-01169-00285284-00285614 by the denazification authorities Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01170-00285615-00285784 is connected with a fairy tale by the
M_6YZhRW4bk-01171-00285785-00285989 Brothers Grimm the town musicians of
M_6YZhRW4bk-01172-00285990-00286159 Bremen although they never actually
M_6YZhRW4bk-01173-00286160-00286534 reached Bremen in the tale the 1922 film
M_6YZhRW4bk-01174-00286535-00286622 Nosferatu
M_6YZhRW4bk-01175-00286623-00286826 inés symphony de Grauman's was set
M_6YZhRW4bk-01176-00286827-00287425 mostly in Bremen
M_6YZhRW4bk-01177-00287426-00287955 topic notable people
M_6YZhRW4bk-01178-00287956-00288322 you
M_6YZhRW4bk-01179-00288323-00288932 topic international relations
M_6YZhRW4bk-01180-00288933-00289273 you
M_6YZhRW4bk-01181-00289274-00289858 topic twin and sister cities
M_6YZhRW4bk-01182-00289859-00290167 Bremen is twinned with carrot 1 then
M_6YZhRW4bk-01183-00290168-00290714 German Democratic Republic
M_6YZhRW4bk-01184-00290715-00291235 topic other relations
M_6YZhRW4bk-01185-00291236-00291923 in formal relationships
M_6YZhRW4bk-01186-00291924-00292312 topic see also
M_6YZhRW4bk-01187-00292313-00292456 you
M_6YZhRW4bk-01188-00292457-00292831 list of mayors of Bremen
MAP0fttJdOI-00000-00000000-00001913 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00002-00005378-00005984 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00003-00005985-00006286 [Applause]
MAP0fttJdOI-00004-00006287-00006598 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00005-00006598-00007363 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00006-00007364-00007920 [Applause]
MAP0fttJdOI-00007-00007922-00007977 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00008-00007978-00008335 [Applause]
MAP0fttJdOI-00009-00008336-00008823 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00010-00008824-00009607 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00012-00013528-00013752 is
MAP0fttJdOI-00013-00013753-00015516 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00014-00015518-00015735 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00015-00015736-00016029 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00016-00016030-00018952 [Applause]
MAP0fttJdOI-00017-00018953-00019686 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00018-00019687-00019886 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00019-00019887-00020191 so it's a there was a story i won't tell
MAP0fttJdOI-00020-00020192-00020221 you
MAP0fttJdOI-00021-00020222-00020327 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00022-00020328-00020550 it's like already sang that song and
MAP0fttJdOI-00023-00020551-00020711 bombay had a
MAP0fttJdOI-00024-00020712-00020943 bombay musician the music directors they
MAP0fttJdOI-00025-00020944-00021286 have a bad habit of experimenting with
MAP0fttJdOI-00026-00021287-00021422 singers
MAP0fttJdOI-00027-00021423-00021775 so keke already sang this song and
MAP0fttJdOI-00028-00021776-00022119 pritham called me up then he said you
MAP0fttJdOI-00029-00022120-00022319 should sing it
MAP0fttJdOI-00030-00022320-00022511 already sang
MAP0fttJdOI-00031-00022512-00022711 i said he sang so well
MAP0fttJdOI-00032-00022712-00023007 you don't spoil my friendship with me
MAP0fttJdOI-00033-00023008-00023158 i won't sing this
MAP0fttJdOI-00034-00023159-00023327 if you have another song
MAP0fttJdOI-00035-00023328-00023583 you give me then he gave me yali
MAP0fttJdOI-00036-00023584-00023735 okay
MAP0fttJdOI-00037-00023736-00023935 so
MAP0fttJdOI-00038-00023936-00024263 so still i i sing some time
MAP0fttJdOI-00039-00024264-00024486 in some shows
MAP0fttJdOI-00040-00024487-00024775 this song because he was afraid
MAP0fttJdOI-00041-00024776-00024958 so singing this song for you thank you
MAP0fttJdOI-00042-00024959-00025164 very much thank you
MAP0fttJdOI-00043-00025165-00025678 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00044-00025679-00025967 i cannot live without reverb
MAP0fttJdOI-00045-00025968-00026048 i'm delays
MAP0fttJdOI-00046-00026049-00026495 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00047-00026495-00026618 ready
MAP0fttJdOI-00048-00026619-00027414 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00049-00027414-00028127 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00050-00028127-00028569 and
MAP0fttJdOI-00051-00028570-00030183 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00052-00030183-00030967 [Applause]
MAP0fttJdOI-00053-00030968-00031649 oh
MAP0fttJdOI-00054-00031650-00032477 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00055-00032479-00033167 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00056-00033168-00034153 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00057-00034154-00035255 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00058-00035256-00035783 okay
MAP0fttJdOI-00059-00035784-00035974 i'll say that it's a
MAP0fttJdOI-00060-00035975-00036190 this is one of my most
MAP0fttJdOI-00061-00036191-00036487 biggest songs in assam in autism
MAP0fttJdOI-00062-00036488-00036702 even in bengal it's very popular it's
MAP0fttJdOI-00063-00036703-00036862 like
MAP0fttJdOI-00064-00036863-00037046 this is called miami
MAP0fttJdOI-00065-00037047-00037359 the mysticism of life
MAP0fttJdOI-00066-00037360-00037487 so i want to
MAP0fttJdOI-00067-00037488-00037727 dedicate this song for kk from assam
MAP0fttJdOI-00068-00037728-00038118 from nauticus from bengal as well
MAP0fttJdOI-00069-00038119-00038657 so thank you for being here
MAP0fttJdOI-00070-00038658-00041312 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00071-00041313-00041558 [Applause]
MAP0fttJdOI-00072-00041559-00042062 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00073-00042063-00042185 oh
MAP0fttJdOI-00074-00042186-00042407 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00075-00042408-00043035 foreign
MAP0fttJdOI-00076-00043036-00044296 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00077-00044297-00044471 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00078-00044472-00044868 must be
MAP0fttJdOI-00079-00044869-00045374 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00080-00045375-00045495 cause i
MAP0fttJdOI-00081-00045496-00046447 know
MAP0fttJdOI-00082-00046448-00047390 [Music]
MAP0fttJdOI-00083-00047391-00047787 if i show you
MCo_mE4VGgg-00000-00000087-00000493 [Music]
MCo_mE4VGgg-00001-00000494-00000761 there is no News Channel that Donald
MCo_mE4VGgg-00002-00000762-00000979 Trump hates more than CNN dot well that
MCo_mE4VGgg-00003-00000980-00001169 may seem like a silly thing to write
MCo_mE4VGgg-00004-00001170-00001361 about a sitting president indicating
MCo_mE4VGgg-00005-00001362-00001558 he's some kind of toddler when it comes
MCo_mE4VGgg-00006-00001559-00001796 to being criticized or reported on the
MCo_mE4VGgg-00007-00001797-00002164 fact is that we are in a new reality
MCo_mE4VGgg-00008-00002165-00002419 in this timeline the leader of the free
MCo_mE4VGgg-00009-00002420-00002614 world really hates it when you point a
MCo_mE4VGgg-00010-00002615-00002794 camera and while he's speaking then
MCo_mE4VGgg-00011-00002795-00003052 playback his exact words for the public
MCo_mE4VGgg-00012-00003053-00003226 without letting him dispute a verbatim
MCo_mE4VGgg-00013-00003227-00003484 account of his own words
MCo_mE4VGgg-00014-00003485-00003640 but all the way back at the very
MCo_mE4VGgg-00015-00003642-00003823 beginning of his administration
MCo_mE4VGgg-00016-00003824-00004009 Trump's legendary feud with the fake
MCo_mE4VGgg-00017-00004010-00004211 news media as he calls it began with a
MCo_mE4VGgg-00018-00004212-00004418 retweet of a short video a fan of his
MCo_mE4VGgg-00019-00004419-00004582 made that depicted a wrestling match
MCo_mE4VGgg-00020-00004583-00004759 with the two contestants physically
MCo_mE4VGgg-00021-00004760-00004957 battling it out wild Trump's face was
MCo_mE4VGgg-00022-00004958-00005156 superimposed on the stronger opponent
MCo_mE4VGgg-00023-00005157-00005399 and the CNN logo covered the face of the
MCo_mE4VGgg-00024-00005400-00005647 loser
MCo_mE4VGgg-00025-00005648-00005881 not an auspicious start to a meaningful
MCo_mE4VGgg-00026-00005882-00006079 relationship between the president and
MCo_mE4VGgg-00027-00006080-00006254 one of the most respected sources of
MCo_mE4VGgg-00028-00006255-00006488 news in America
MCo_mE4VGgg-00029-00006489-00006745 then famously Trump tried to shut down
MCo_mE4VGgg-00030-00006747-00006968 perhaps their biggest reporter Jim
MCo_mE4VGgg-00031-00006969-00007195 Acosta after the veteran newsmen asked
MCo_mE4VGgg-00032-00007197-00007537 questions that Trump didn't like
MCo_mE4VGgg-00033-00007538-00007731 the White House staff attempted to
MCo_mE4VGgg-00034-00007733-00007912 physically remove the microphone from
MCo_mE4VGgg-00035-00007913-00008053 Acosta's hands at a press conference
MCo_mE4VGgg-00036-00008054-00008302 then Trump's press secretary Sarah
MCo_mE4VGgg-00037-00008303-00008512 Sanders tweeted a doctored video of the
MCo_mE4VGgg-00038-00008513-00008731 event saying that Acosta had assaulted
MCo_mE4VGgg-00039-00008732-00008899 the female intern the microphone
MCo_mE4VGgg-00040-00008900-00009164 incident took place with
MCo_mE4VGgg-00041-00009165-00009377 they tried to ban a costume lost that
MCo_mE4VGgg-00042-00009378-00009593 lawsuit in a pretty spectacular fashion
MCo_mE4VGgg-00043-00009594-00009845 da no W Trump will be facing someone
MCo_mE4VGgg-00044-00009846-00010034 from inside his own administration as a
MCo_mE4VGgg-00045-00010035-00010286 foil at his nemesis Network Sarah is gir
MCo_mE4VGgg-00046-00010287-00010454 the former spokeswoman for the
MCo_mE4VGgg-00047-00010455-00010634 Department of Justice during the tenure
MCo_mE4VGgg-00048-00010635-00010844 of Jeff Sessions as Attorney General is
MCo_mE4VGgg-00049-00010845-00011072 joining CNN as a political editor in
MCo_mE4VGgg-00050-00011073-00011255 March where it will be her job to
MCo_mE4VGgg-00051-00011256-00011438 coordinate political coverage for the
MCo_mE4VGgg-00052-00011439-00011954 2020 presidential campaign
MCo_mE4VGgg-00053-00011955-00012167 just bad news for Trump it's like I
MCo_mE4VGgg-00054-00012168-00012596 don't know triple bad news or something
MCo_mE4VGgg-00055-00012597-00012833 how do you describe it when someone who
MCo_mE4VGgg-00056-00012834-00013010 worked for a guy you hated goes to work
MCo_mE4VGgg-00057-00013011-00013230 for a network you hate and already has
MCo_mE4VGgg-00058-00013231-00013413 experience criticizing you during a
MCo_mE4VGgg-00059-00013413-00013697 presidential campaign oh that's right
MCo_mE4VGgg-00060-00013698-00013850 Ezra worked for the Carly Fiorina
MCo_mE4VGgg-00061-00013851-00014193 campaign in 2016 and had plenty to say
MCo_mE4VGgg-00062-00014194-00014391 about Trump during that election season
MCo_mE4VGgg-00063-00014391-00014580 his Gore maybe a Republican strategist
MCo_mE4VGgg-00064-00014581-00014844 but she's at least grounded in some kind
MCo_mE4VGgg-00065-00014844-00015209 of normal if Trump hates her
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00000-00000014-00000332 the International Year of astronomy iy8
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00001-00000333-00000632 200 9 was a year-long celebration of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00002-00000633-00000896 astronomy that took place in 2009 to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00003-00000897-00001118 coincide with the 400th anniversary of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00004-00001119-00001298 the first recorded astronomical
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00005-00001299-00001486 observations with a telescope by Galileo
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00006-00001487-00001754 Galilei in the publication of Johannes
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00007-00001755-00001997 Kepler's astronomia nova in the 17th
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00008-00001998-00002246 century the year was declared by the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00009-00002247-00002465 62nd General Assembly of the United
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00010-00002466-00002771 Nations a global scheme laid out by the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00011-00002772-00003067 International Astronomical Union IAU was
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00012-00003068-00003322 also endorsed by UNESCO the UN body
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00013-00003323-00003547 responsible for educational scientific
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00014-00003548-00003833 and cultural matters the IAU coordinated
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00015-00003834-00004028 the International Year of astronomy in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00016-00004029-00004363 2009 this initiative was an opportunity
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00017-00004364-00004526 for the citizens of Earth to gain a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00018-00004527-00004751 deeper insight into astronomies role in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00019-00004752-00004920 enriching all human cultures
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00020-00004921-00005177 moreover served as a platform for
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00021-00005178-00005338 informing the public about the latest
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00022-00005339-00005518 astronomical discoveries while
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00023-00005519-00005681 emphasizing the essential role of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00024-00005682-00005877 astronomy in science education
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00025-00005878-00006290 iya 200 9 was sponsored by celestron &
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00026-00006291-00006928 Bailey's Alenia space
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00027-00006929-00007598 topic significance of 1609
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00028-00007598-00007916 on the 25th of September 1608 hans
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00029-00007917-00008110 lippershey a spectacle maker from
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00030-00008111-00008294 Middleburg travelled to the hague the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00031-00008295-00008459 then capital of the Netherlands to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00032-00008460-00008633 demonstrate to the Dutch government a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00033-00008634-00008834 new device he was trying to patent a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00034-00008835-00009121 telescope although Hans was not awarded
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00035-00009122-00009326 the patent Galileo heard of this story
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00036-00009327-00009553 and decided to use the Dutch perspective
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00037-00009554-00009937 glass and pointed towards the heavens in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00038-00009938-00010298 1609 Galileo Galilei first turned one of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00039-00010299-00010505 his telescopes to the night sky and made
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00040-00010506-00010646 astounding discoveries that change
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00041-00010647-00010823 mankind's conception of the world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00042-00010824-00011041 mountains and craters on the moon a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00043-00011042-00011237 plethora of stars invisible to the naked
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00044-00011238-00011482 eye and moons around Jupiter
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00045-00011483-00011702 astronomical observatories around the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00046-00011703-00011921 world promised to reveal how planets and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00047-00011922-00012149 stars are formed how galaxies assemble
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00048-00012150-00012316 and evolve and what the structure and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00049-00012317-00012532 shape of our universe actually are in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00050-00012533-00012835 the same year Johannes Kepler published
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00051-00012836-00013063 his work astronomia nova in which he
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00052-00013064-00013211 described the fundamental laws of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00053-00013212-00013577 planetary motions however Galileo was
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00054-00013578-00013730 not the first to observe the moon
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00055-00013731-00013897 through a telescope and make a drawing
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00056-00013898-00014168 of it Thomas Harriot observed and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00057-00014169-00014315 detailed the moon some months before
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00058-00014316-00014681 Galileo it's all about publicity Galileo
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00059-00014682-00014944 was extremely good at irritating people
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00060-00014945-00015158 and also using creative writing to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00061-00015159-00015344 communicate what he was learning in a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00062-00015344-00015674 way that made people think says Pamela
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00063-00015675-00015881 gay in an interview with skepticality in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00064-00015882-00016475 2009
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00065-00016476-00017032 topic intended purpose
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00066-00017033-00017372 you
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00067-00017373-00017847 topic vision
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00068-00017848-00018158 the vision of iya 200 9 was to help
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00069-00018159-00018339 people rediscover their place in the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00070-00018340-00018510 universe through the sky and thereby
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00071-00018511-00018693 engage a personal sense of wonder and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00072-00018694-00018782 discovery
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00073-00018783-00019125 iya 200 nine activities took place
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00074-00019126-00019319 locally nationally regionally and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00075-00019320-00019578 internationally national nodes were
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00076-00019579-00019722 formed in each country to prepare
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00077-00019723-00020040 activities for 2009 these nodes
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00078-00020041-00020211 established collaborations between
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00079-00020212-00020433 professional and amateur astronomers
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00080-00020434-00020589 science centers and science
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00081-00020590-00020865 communicators more than 100 countries
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00082-00020866-00021128 were involved and well over 140
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00083-00021129-00021380 participated eventually to help
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00084-00021381-00021608 coordinate this huge global program and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00085-00021609-00021797 to provide an important resource for the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00086-00021798-00021987 participating countries the IAU
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00087-00021988-00022227 established a central secretariat and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00088-00022228-00022469 the iya 200 nine website is the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00089-00022470-00022752 principal iya 200 nine resource for
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00090-00022753-00023433 public professionals and media alike
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00091-00023434-00023919 topic aims
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00092-00023920-00024187 astronomy perhaps the oldest science in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00093-00024188-00024376 history has played an important role in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00094-00024377-00024625 most if not all cultures over the ages
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00095-00024626-00024979 the International Year of astronomy 2009
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00096-00024980-00025315 iy8 200 9 was intended to be a global
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00097-00025316-00025497 celebration of astronomy and its
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00098-00025498-00025694 contributions to society and culture
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00099-00025695-00025918 stimulating worldwide interest not only
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00100-00025919-00026137 in astronomy but in science in general
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00101-00026138-00026344 with a particular slant towards young
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00102-00026345-00026704 people the iy8 200 9 marked the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00103-00026705-00026893 monumental leap forward that followed
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00104-00026894-00027100 Galileo's first use of the telescope for
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00105-00027101-00027339 astronomical observations and portrays
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00106-00027341-00027529 astronomy as a peaceful global
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00107-00027530-00027751 scientific endeavor that unites amateur
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00108-00027752-00027925 and professional astronomers in an
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00109-00027926-00028140 international and multicultural family
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00110-00028141-00028314 that works together to find answers to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00111-00028316-00028507 some of the most fundamental questions
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00112-00028508-00028783 that humankind has ever asked the aim of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00113-00028783-00028965 the year was to stimulate worldwide
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00114-00028966-00029182 interest in astronomy and science under
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00115-00029183-00029421 the central theme the universe yours to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00116-00029422-00029733 discover several committees were formed
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00117-00029735-00030039 to oversee the vast majority of iy8 200
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00118-00030041-00030418 9 activities Sidewalk astronomy events
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00119-00030419-00030655 in planetariums and public observatories
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00120-00030656-00030829 which spawned local regional and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00121-00030830-00031083 national levels these committees were
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00122-00031085-00031294 collaborations between professional and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00123-00031295-00031531 amateur astronomers science centers and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00124-00031532-00031789 science communicators individual
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00125-00031789-00031945 countries were undertaking their own
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00126-00031945-00032121 initiatives as well as assessing their
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00127-00032122-00032344 own national needs while the IAU acted
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00128-00032345-00032539 as the events coordinator and catalyst
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00129-00032539-00032848 on a global scale the IAU plan was to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00130-00032849-00033031 liaise with and involved as many as
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00131-00033032-00033226 possible of the ongoing outreach and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00132-00033227-00033390 education efforts throughout the world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00133-00033391-00033610 including those organized by amateur
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00134-00033611-00034161 astronomers
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00135-00034162-00034642 topic goals
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00136-00034643-00035010 the major goals of iya 200 9 were to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00137-00035011-00035377 increase scientific awareness promote
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00138-00035378-00035587 widespread access to new knowledge and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00139-00035588-00035863 observing experiences empower
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00140-00035864-00036088 astronomical communities in developing
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00141-00036089-00036421 countries support and improve formal and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00142-00036422-00036715 informal science education provide a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00143-00036716-00037014 modern image of science and scientists
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00144-00037015-00037264 facilitate new networks and strengthen
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00145-00037265-00037507 existing ones improve the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00146-00037508-00037687 gender-balanced representation of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00147-00037688-00037876 scientists at all levels and promote
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00148-00037877-00038035 greater involvement by underrepresented
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00149-00038036-00038257 minorities in scientific and engineering
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00150-00038258-00038620 careers facilitate the preservation and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00151-00038621-00038815 protection of the world's cultural and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00152-00038816-00039061 natural heritage of dark skies in places
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00153-00039062-00039310 such as urban oasis national parks and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00154-00039311-00039523 astronomical sites as part of the scheme
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00155-00039524-00039838 iy8 200 9 helped less well established
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00156-00039839-00040030 organizations from the developing world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00157-00040031-00040195 to become involved with larger
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00158-00040196-00040351 organizations and deliver their
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00159-00040352-00040567 contributions linked via a huge global
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00160-00040568-00040837 network this initiative also aimed at
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00161-00040838-00041017 reaching economically disadvantaged
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00162-00041018-00041221 children across the globe and enhancing
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00163-00041222-00041865 their understanding of the world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00164-00041866-00042414 topic the Secretariat
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00165-00042415-00042660 the central hub of the IAU activities
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00166-00042661-00043008 for the iya 200 9 was the iya 200 9
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00167-00043009-00043287 Secretariat this was established to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00168-00043288-00043449 coordinate activities during the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00169-00043450-00043683 planning execution and evaluation of the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00170-00043684-00043954 year the Secretariat was based in the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00171-00043955-00044115 European Southern Observatory
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00172-00044116-00044298 headquarters in the town of Garching
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00173-00044299-00044589 near Munich Germany the Secretariat was
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00174-00044590-00044796 to Lea's continuously with the National
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00175-00044797-00044997 nodes task groups partners and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00176-00044998-00045222 organizational associates the media and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00177-00045223-00045375 the general public to ensure the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00178-00045376-00045657 progress of the iya 200 9 at all levels
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00179-00045658-00045945 the Secretariat and the website were the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00180-00045946-00046167 major coordination and resource centers
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00181-00046168-00046371 for all the participating countries but
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00182-00046372-00046545 particularly for those developing
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00183-00046546-00046695 countries that lack the national
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00184-00046696-00047405 resources to mount major events alone
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00185-00047406-00048005 topic cornerstone projects
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00186-00048006-00048299 the International Year of astronomy 2009
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00187-00048300-00048569 was supported by 11 cornerstone projects
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00188-00048570-00048866 these are global programs of activities
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00189-00048867-00049073 centered on specific themes and are some
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00190-00049074-00049282 of the projects that help to achieve iy8
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00191-00049283-00049538 2009 s main goals whether it is the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00192-00049539-00049706 support and promotion of women in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00193-00049707-00049934 astronomy the preservation of dark sky
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00194-00049935-00050144 sites around the world or educating and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00195-00050145-00050285 explaining the workings of the universe
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00196-00050286-00050552 to millions the 11 cornerstones were the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00197-00050553-00051329 key elements in the success of iya 200 9
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00198-00051330-00052061 topic one hundred hours of astronomy 100
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00199-00052062-00052298 hours of astronomy 100 H a is a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00200-00052299-00052548 worldwide astronomy event that ran 2 to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00201-00052549-00052785 5 April 2009 and was part of the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00202-00052786-00052967 scheduled global activities of the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00203-00052968-00053300 International Year of astronomy 2009 the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00204-00053301-00053553 main goal of 100 H a was to have as many
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00205-00053554-00053717 people throughout the world as possible
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00206-00053718-00053922 looking through a telescope just as
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00207-00053923-00054171 Galileo did for the first time 400 years
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00208-00054172-00054498 ago the event included special webcasts
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00209-00054499-00054701 students and teachers activities a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00210-00054702-00054903 schedule of events at Science Center's
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00211-00054904-00055134 planetariums and science museums as well
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00212-00055135-00055416 as 24 hours of sidewalk astronomy which
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00213-00055416-00055566 allowed the opportunity for public
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00214-00055566-00055787 observing sessions to as many people as
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00215-00055788-00056321 possible
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00216-00056322-00056845 topic galilea scope
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00217-00056846-00057051 the galilea scope was a worldwide
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00218-00057052-00057274 astronomy event that ran two to five
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00219-00057275-00057532 april 2009 where the program was to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00220-00057533-00057751 share a personal experience of practical
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00221-00057752-00057954 astronomical observations with as many
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00222-00057955-00058162 people as possible across the world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00223-00058163-00058488 it was collaborating with the US iya 200
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00224-00058489-00058716 nine national note to develop a simple
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00225-00058717-00058969 accessible easy to assemble and easy to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00226-00058970-00059179 use telescope that can be distributed by
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00227-00059179-00059488 the millions in theory every participant
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00228-00059489-00059737 in an iya 200 nine event should be able
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00229-00059738-00059872 to take home one of these little
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00230-00059873-00060094 telescopes enabling them to observe with
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00231-00060095-00060774 an instrument similar to Galileo's one
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00232-00060775-00061307 topic Kosmic diary
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00233-00061308-00061595 the cosmic diary a worldwide astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00234-00061596-00061826 event that ran two to five April was not
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00235-00061827-00062021 about the science of astronomy but about
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00236-00062022-00062227 what it is like to be an astronomer
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00237-00062228-00062462 professionals were to blog in texts and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00238-00062463-00062702 images about their life families friends
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00239-00062703-00062906 hobbies and interests as well as their
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00240-00062907-00063098 work latest research findings and the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00241-00063099-00063341 challenges they face the bloggers
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00242-00063342-00063557 represented a vibrant cross-section of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00243-00063558-00063731 working astronomers from all around the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00244-00063732-00063950 world they wrote in many different
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00245-00063951-00064151 languages from five continents
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00246-00064152-00064384 they have also written feature article
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00247-00064385-00064655 explanations about their specialist
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00248-00064656-00064817 fields which were highlighted in the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00249-00064818-00065165 website NASA ESA and ESO all had sub
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00250-00065166-00065348 blogs as part of the cosmic diary
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00251-00065349-00065904 cornerstone
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00252-00065905-00066482 topic the portal to the universe
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00253-00066483-00066788 the portal to the universe PT tu was a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00254-00066789-00067016 worldwide astronomy event that ran two
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00255-00067017-00067294 to five April 2009 to provide a global
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00256-00067295-00067541 one-stop portal for online astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00257-00067542-00067799 contents serving as an index aggregator
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00258-00067800-00067975 and a social networking site for
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00259-00067976-00068182 astronomy content providers laypeople
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00260-00068183-00068459 press educators decision-makers and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00261-00068460-00068792 scientists PT tu was to feature news
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00262-00068793-00069041 image event and video aggregation a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00263-00069042-00069266 comprehensive directory of observatories
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00264-00069267-00069500 facilities astronomical societies
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00265-00069501-00069743 amateur astronomy societies space
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00266-00069744-00069935 artists science communication
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00267-00069936-00070196 universities and web 2.0 collaborative
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00268-00070197-00070397 tools such as the ranking of different
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00269-00070398-00070604 services according to popularity to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00270-00070605-00070796 promote interaction within the Astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00271-00070797-00071099 multimedia community in addition a range
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00272-00071100-00071423 of widgets small applications were to be
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00273-00071424-00071716 developed to tap into existing live data
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00274-00071717-00071918 modern technology and the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00275-00071919-00072106 standardization of metadata made it
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00276-00072107-00072284 possible to tie all the suppliers of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00277-00072285-00072494 such information together with a single
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00278-00072495-00073184 semi automatically updating portal
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00279-00073185-00073727 topic she is an astronomer
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00280-00073728-00073991 promoting gender equality and empowering
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00281-00073992-00074180 women as one of the United Nations
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00282-00074181-00074456 Millennium Development Goals she is an
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00283-00074457-00074663 astronomer was a worldwide astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00284-00074664-00074969 event that ran two to five April 2009 to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00285-00074970-00075185 promote gender equality in astronomy and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00286-00075186-00075299 science in general
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00287-00075300-00075533 tackling bias issues by providing a web
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00288-00075534-00075740 platform where information and links
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00289-00075741-00075905 about gender balance and related
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00290-00075906-00076187 resources are collected the aim of the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00291-00076188-00076358 project was to provide neutral
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00292-00076359-00076544 informative and accessible information
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00293-00076545-00076769 to female professional and amateur
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00294-00076770-00076973 astronomers students and those who are
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00295-00076974-00077120 interested in the gender equality
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00296-00077121-00077390 problem in science providing this
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00297-00077391-00077549 information was intended to help
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00298-00077550-00077741 increase the interest of young girls in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00299-00077742-00077903 studying and pursuing a career in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00300-00077904-00078200 astronomy another objective of the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00301-00078201-00078392 project was to build and maintain an
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00302-00078393-00078608 internet-based easy-to-handle forum and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00303-00078609-00078803 database where people regardless of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00304-00078804-00079001 geographical location could read about
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00305-00079002-00079196 the subject ask questions and find
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00306-00079197-00079454 answers there was also to be the option
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00307-00079455-00079685 to discuss astronomy sector specific
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00308-00079686-00079904 problems such as observing times and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00309-00079905-00080460 family duties
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00310-00080461-00081031 topic dark skies awareness
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00311-00081032-00081262 dark skies awareness was a worldwide
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00312-00081263-00081501 astronomy event that ran from 2 to the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00313-00081502-00081882 5th of April 2009 the IAU collaborated
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00314-00081883-00082117 with the u.s. national optical Astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00315-00082118-00082393 Observatory NOAA Oh representatives of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00316-00082394-00082573 the International dark-sky Association
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00317-00082574-00082822 Ida the Starlight initiative and other
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00318-00082823-00083037 national and international partners in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00319-00083038-00083268 dark sky and environmental education on
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00320-00083269-00083578 several related themes the focus was on
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00321-00083579-00083824 three main citizen scientist programs to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00322-00083825-00083999 measure local levels of light pollution
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00323-00084000-00084274 these programs were to take the form of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00324-00084275-00084715 star hunts or star counts providing
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00325-00084716-00084888 people with a fun and direct way to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00326-00084889-00085084 acquire heightened awareness about light
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00327-00085085-00085291 pollution through firsthand observations
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00328-00085292-00085546 of the night sky together the three
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00329-00085547-00085688 programs were to cover the entire
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00330-00085689-00085950 International Year of astronomy 2009
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00331-00085951-00086212 namely globe at night in March the great
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00332-00086213-00086457 world wide star count in October and how
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00333-00086458-00086694 many stars January February April
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00334-00086695-00086993 through September November in December
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00335-00086994-00087243 UNESCO and the IAU were working together
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00336-00087244-00087466 to implement a research and education
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00337-00087467-00087651 collaboration as part of UNESCO
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00338-00087652-00087874 schematic initiative astronomy and world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00339-00087875-00088084 heritage as a worldwide astronomy event
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00340-00088085-00088393 that also ran two to five April 2009 the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00341-00088394-00088660 main objective was to establish a link
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00342-00088661-00088879 between science and culture on the basis
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00343-00088880-00089047 of research aimed at acknowledging the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00344-00089048-00089238 cultural and scientific values of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00345-00089239-00089505 properties connected with astronomy this
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00346-00089506-00089706 program provides an opportunity to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00347-00089707-00089913 identify properties related to astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00348-00089914-00090124 located around the world to preserve
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00349-00090125-00090259 their memory and save them from
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00350-00090260-00090535 progressive deterioration support from
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00351-00090536-00090730 the international community as needed to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00352-00090731-00090910 implement this activity and to promote
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00353-00090911-00091050 the recognition of astronomical
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00354-00091051-00091225 knowledge through the nomination of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00355-00091226-00091380 sites that celebrate important
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00356-00091381-00091974 achievements in science
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00357-00091975-00092622 topic Galileo teacher training program
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00358-00092623-00092928 the Galileo teacher training program GT
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00359-00092929-00093158 TP the International Year of astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00360-00093159-00093471 2009 provided an opportunity to engage
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00361-00093472-00093669 the formal education community in the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00362-00093670-00093888 excitement of astronomical discovery as
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00363-00093889-00094065 a vehicle for improving the teaching of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00364-00094066-00094248 science in classrooms around the world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00365-00094249-00094518 to help training teachers in effective
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00366-00094519-00094728 astronomy communication and to sustain
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00367-00094729-00095067 the legacy of iya 200 9 the IAU in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00368-00095068-00095259 collaboration with the National nodes
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00369-00095260-00095445 and leaders in the field such as the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00370-00095446-00095661 global hands-on universe project the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00371-00095662-00095862 u.s. national optical Astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00372-00095863-00096057 Observatory and the Astronomical Society
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00373-00096058-00096306 of the Pacific embarked on a unique
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00374-00096307-00096504 global effort to empower teachers by
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00375-00096505-00096717 developing the Galileo teacher training
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00376-00096718-00097074 program G TTP the G TTP goal was to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00377-00097075-00097271 create a worldwide network of certified
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00378-00097272-00097662 Galileo ambassadors by 2012 these
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00379-00097663-00097824 ambassadors were to train
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00380-00097825-00098154 Galileo master teachers in the effective
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00381-00098155-00098388 use and transfer of astronomy education
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00382-00098389-00098586 tools and resources into classroom
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00383-00098587-00098877 science curricula the Galileo teachers
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00384-00098878-00099009 were to be equipped to train other
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00385-00099010-00099137 teachers in these methodologies
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00386-00099138-00099438 leveraging the work begun during iya 200
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00387-00099439-00099714 nine in classrooms everywhere through
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00388-00099715-00099939 workshops online training tools and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00389-00099940-00100170 basic education kits the products and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00390-00100171-00100347 techniques developed by this program
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00391-00100348-00100554 could be adapted to reach locations with
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00392-00100555-00100755 few resources of their own as well as
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00393-00100756-00100953 computer connected areas that could take
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00394-00100954-00101211 advantage of access to robotic optical
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00395-00101212-00101487 and radio telescopes webcams astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00396-00101488-00101745 exercises cross-disciplinary resources
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00397-00101746-00101976 image processing and digital universes
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00398-00101977-00102369 web and desktop planetariums among GT TP
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00399-00102370-00102569 partners the global hands-on universe
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00400-00102570-00103170 project was a leader
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00401-00103171-00103703 topic universe awareness
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00402-00103704-00104016 universe awareness un awwe was a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00403-00104017-00104253 worldwide astronomy event that also ran
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00404-00104254-00104520 during two to five april 2009 as an
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00405-00104521-00104724 international program to introduce very
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00406-00104725-00104861 young children in underprivileged
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00407-00104863-00105072 environments to the scale and beauty of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00408-00105073-00105351 the universe universe awareness noted
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00409-00105352-00105543 the multicultural origins of modern
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00410-00105544-00105699 astronomy in an effort to broaden
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00411-00105700-00105942 children's minds awaken their curiosity
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00412-00105943-00106113 and science and stimulate global
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00413-00106114-00106404 citizenship and tolerance using the sky
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00414-00106405-00106614 and children's natural fascination with
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00415-00106615-00106866 it as common ground un awwe was to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00416-00106867-00107043 create an international awareness of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00417-00107044-00107196 their place in the universe and their
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00418-00107197-00107743 place on earth
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00419-00107744-00108315 topic from earth to the universe
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00420-00108316-00108549 the cornerstone project from earth to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00421-00108550-00108822 the universe F et tu is a worldwide
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00422-00108823-00109068 public science event that began in June
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00423-00109069-00109428 2008 and still ongoing through 2011 this
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00424-00109429-00109583 project has endeavored to bring
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00425-00109584-00109794 astronomy images and their science to a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00426-00109795-00109932 wider audience in non-traditional
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00427-00109933-00110247 informal learning venues in placing
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00428-00110248-00110454 these astronomy exhibitions in public
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00429-00110455-00110679 parks metro stations art centers
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00430-00110680-00110889 hospitals shopping malls and other
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00431-00110890-00111108 accessible locations it has been hoped
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00432-00111108-00111260 that individuals who might normally
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00433-00111261-00111483 ignore or even dislike astronomy or
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00434-00111483-00112172 science in general will be engaged
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00435-00112173-00112789 topic developing astronomy globally
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00436-00112790-00113041 the developing astronomy globally was a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00437-00113042-00113242 worldwide astronomy event that ran
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00438-00113243-00113506 during two to five April 2009 as a
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00439-00113507-00113722 cornerstone project to acknowledge that
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00440-00113723-00113926 astronomy needs to be developed in three
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00441-00113927-00114157 key areas professionally universities
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00442-00114158-00114376 and research publicly communication
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00443-00114377-00114565 media and amateur groups and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00444-00114566-00114766 educationally schools and informal
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00445-00114767-00115059 education structures the focus was to be
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00446-00115060-00115216 on regions that do not already have
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00447-00115217-00115501 strong astronomical communities the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00448-00115502-00115675 implementation was to be centered on
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00449-00115676-00115884 training development and networking in
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00450-00115885-00116158 each of these three key areas this
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00451-00116158-00116350 cornerstone was using the momentum of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00452-00116351-00116614 iya 200 nine to help establish and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00453-00116615-00116818 enhance regional structures and networks
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00454-00116819-00116961 that work on the development of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00455-00116963-00117183 astronomy around the world these
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00456-00117184-00117382 networks were to support the current and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00457-00117383-00117604 future development work of the IAU and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00458-00117605-00117778 other programs plus ensure that
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00459-00117779-00117943 developing regions could benefit from
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00460-00117944-00118201 iy8 200 9 and the work of the other
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00461-00118202-00118485 cornerstone projects it was to also
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00462-00118486-00118686 address the question of the contribution
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00463-00118688-00119305 of astronomy to development
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00464-00119306-00119840 topic Galilean Knights
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00465-00119841-00120050 the Galilean Nights was a worldwide
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00466-00120051-00120296 astronomy event that also ran two to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00467-00120297-00120602 five April 2009 as a project to involve
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00468-00120603-00120725 both amateur and professional
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00469-00120726-00120968 astronomers around the globe taking to
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00470-00120969-00121118 the streets their telescopes and
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00471-00121119-00121295 pointing them as Galileo did four
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00472-00121296-00121541 hundred years ago the sources of
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00473-00121542-00121754 interest were Jupiter and its moons the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00474-00121755-00121976 Sun our moon and many other celestial
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00475-00121977-00122236 marvels the event was scheduled to take
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00476-00122238-00122617 place on 22 to 24 October 2009
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00477-00122618-00122789 astronomers were to share their
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00478-00122790-00122993 knowledge and enthusiasm for space by
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00479-00122994-00123152 encouraging as many people as possible
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00480-00123153-00123392 to look through a telescope at planetary
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00481-00123393-00123956 neighbors
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00482-00123957-00124509 topic C also
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00483-00124510-00124672 International Year of astronomy
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00484-00124673-00124984 commemorative coin International
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00485-00124985-00125345 Astronomical Union IAU history of the
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00486-00125346-00125894 telescope 365 days of astronomy 400
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00487-00125895-00126135 years of the telescope documentary
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00488-00126136-00126568 galilea scope global hands on universe
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00489-00126569-00126953 national astronomy week na star peace
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00490-00126954-00127379 project the world at night Tuan world
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00491-00127380-00127700 year of physics 2005 White House
MFyk1BdR5Sk-00492-00127701-00127988 astronomy night
MG1-R9aTA_k-00000-00000698-00001361 hello Mama
MG1-R9aTA_k-00001-00001362-00001846 today
MG1-R9aTA_k-00002-00001847-00004067 [Music]
MG1-R9aTA_k-00003-00004068-00004258 foreign
MG1-R9aTA_k-00004-00004259-00006222 [Music]
MG1-R9aTA_k-00005-00006223-00007469 [Applause]
MG1-R9aTA_k-00006-00007470-00009103 foreign
MG1-R9aTA_k-00007-00009104-00010306 [Music]
MG1-R9aTA_k-00008-00010307-00010469 hahaha
MG1-R9aTA_k-00009-00010470-00010649 you cannot watch
MG1-R9aTA_k-00010-00010650-00011897 have a nice day yesterday
MG1-R9aTA_k-00011-00011898-00012202 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00000-00000018-00001491 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00001-00001492-00001711 so
MHEhllmtdp8-00002-00001712-00002883 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00003-00002884-00004283 so
MHEhllmtdp8-00004-00004284-00004489 so
MHEhllmtdp8-00005-00004490-00005683 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00006-00005684-00005808 so
MHEhllmtdp8-00007-00005809-00008483 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00008-00008484-00008965 do
MHEhllmtdp8-00009-00008966-00009883 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00010-00009884-00010612 do
MHEhllmtdp8-00011-00010613-00012683 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00012-00012684-00012805 do
MHEhllmtdp8-00013-00012806-00014083 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00014-00014084-00014397 uh
MHEhllmtdp8-00015-00014399-00015483 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00016-00015484-00015694 so
MHEhllmtdp8-00017-00015696-00016883 [Music]
MHEhllmtdp8-00018-00016884-00017615 uh
MHEhllmtdp8-00019-00017616-00017823 you
MJkr3VWGRko-00001-00014159-00014368 you
MMyntB-dwqc-00000-00000424-00000591 i don't actually remember
MMyntB-dwqc-00001-00000592-00000919 how i discovered you guys but somehow or
MMyntB-dwqc-00002-00000919-00001039 another i ended up looking at your
MMyntB-dwqc-00003-00001040-00001207 website and i thought
MMyntB-dwqc-00004-00001208-00001431 oh my gosh this is super cool i didn't
MMyntB-dwqc-00005-00001432-00001535 know we had a
MMyntB-dwqc-00006-00001536-00001887 worker co-op doing special effects for
MMyntB-dwqc-00007-00001888-00002223 star wars and guardians of the galaxy
MMyntB-dwqc-00008-00002224-00002334 and stuff like that so
MMyntB-dwqc-00009-00002335-00002663 um yeah i was super excited to to find
MMyntB-dwqc-00010-00002664-00002815 you guys hadn't ever
MMyntB-dwqc-00011-00002816-00003039 heard of you so maybe you could just uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00012-00003040-00003142 introduce yourselves
MMyntB-dwqc-00013-00003143-00003422 and uh tell us a little bit about how uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00014-00003423-00003638 your co-op how long you've been around
MMyntB-dwqc-00015-00003639-00003822 um how many members you got stuff like
MMyntB-dwqc-00016-00003823-00003943 that
MMyntB-dwqc-00017-00003944-00004079 um well i'll start with about just
MMyntB-dwqc-00018-00004079-00004247 interview introducing myself
MMyntB-dwqc-00019-00004248-00004583 um so i'm anthony kramer and uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00020-00004584-00004775 i've been in the visual effects business
MMyntB-dwqc-00021-00004776-00004906 um since about
MMyntB-dwqc-00022-00004907-00005302 2005 and i'm
MMyntB-dwqc-00023-00005303-00005447 traditionally i'm what you call a
MMyntB-dwqc-00024-00005448-00005606 compositor that's kind of what i've been
MMyntB-dwqc-00025-00005607-00005886 doing in the visual effects business
MMyntB-dwqc-00026-00005887-00006231 and i would say about
MMyntB-dwqc-00027-00006232-00006727 somewhere around 2009 2010 i came across
MMyntB-dwqc-00028-00006728-00006975 worker co-ops you know the idea of them
MMyntB-dwqc-00029-00006976-00007127 anyway
MMyntB-dwqc-00030-00007128-00007351 and so since about then i've been
MMyntB-dwqc-00031-00007352-00007495 wanting to
MMyntB-dwqc-00032-00007495-00007903 uh start or just be a part of a co-op um
MMyntB-dwqc-00033-00007904-00008087 and specifically in the visual effects
MMyntB-dwqc-00034-00008088-00008287 business and uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00035-00008288-00008455 so that's kind of what started my
MMyntB-dwqc-00036-00008456-00008719 journey on this and then
MMyntB-dwqc-00037-00008720-00008895 i'll let john tell a little bit more but
MMyntB-dwqc-00038-00008896-00009031 you know we've only
MMyntB-dwqc-00039-00009032-00009319 we've only been a co-op as an exodus
MMyntB-dwqc-00040-00009320-00009359 since
MMyntB-dwqc-00041-00009360-00009710 july of last year um
MMyntB-dwqc-00042-00009711-00009846 but i've been trying to get this going
MMyntB-dwqc-00043-00009847-00010151 for for quite a while so
MMyntB-dwqc-00044-00010152-00010446 john go ahead yeah um my name is john
MMyntB-dwqc-00045-00010447-00010710 barron the ceo of the company currently
MMyntB-dwqc-00046-00010711-00010999 um i've been in the entertainment
MMyntB-dwqc-00047-00011000-00011231 business
MMyntB-dwqc-00048-00011232-00011527 in doing either television or film since
MMyntB-dwqc-00049-00011528-00011799 about 2005 as well
MMyntB-dwqc-00050-00011800-00012055 um and my main focus has been in
MMyntB-dwqc-00051-00012056-00012119 computer
MMyntB-dwqc-00052-00012120-00012423 like digital visual effects since
MMyntB-dwqc-00053-00012424-00012563 probably about
MMyntB-dwqc-00054-00012564-00012919 2010 i would say
MMyntB-dwqc-00055-00012919-00013111 um you know prior to that i had worked
MMyntB-dwqc-00056-00013112-00013255 kind of more in physical physical
MMyntB-dwqc-00057-00013256-00013319 production
MMyntB-dwqc-00058-00013319-00013647 and development um
MMyntB-dwqc-00059-00013647-00013871 but really kind of started a focus on
MMyntB-dwqc-00060-00013872-00014047 visual effects and my kind of education
MMyntB-dwqc-00061-00014047-00014119 and
MMyntB-dwqc-00062-00014119-00014286 early visual effects days was around
MMyntB-dwqc-00063-00014287-00014494 2010
MMyntB-dwqc-00064-00014495-00014751 i worked for a company the first visual
MMyntB-dwqc-00065-00014752-00014911 effects vendor i worked for was a
MMyntB-dwqc-00066-00014912-00015191 company called digital domain
MMyntB-dwqc-00067-00015191-00015494 that's currently in venice uh california
MMyntB-dwqc-00068-00015495-00015735 they they're they're you know the thing
MMyntB-dwqc-00069-00015736-00015983 that started them was basically titanic
MMyntB-dwqc-00070-00015984-00016135 uh so that was like james cameron's
MMyntB-dwqc-00071-00016136-00016303 company in the in the mid 90s that
MMyntB-dwqc-00072-00016304-00016550 really did titanic and since then uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00073-00016551-00016655 them alongside
MMyntB-dwqc-00074-00016656-00016822 industrial light magic the company that
MMyntB-dwqc-00075-00016823-00016999 did star wars kind of invented
MMyntB-dwqc-00076-00017000-00017263 basically the industry as we know today
MMyntB-dwqc-00077-00017264-00017422 along with a lot of software packages
MMyntB-dwqc-00078-00017423-00017550 and techniques that are kind of still
MMyntB-dwqc-00079-00017551-00017686 utilized
MMyntB-dwqc-00080-00017687-00017894 in some way shape or form today i mean a
MMyntB-dwqc-00081-00017895-00018022 lot of the business has changed since
MMyntB-dwqc-00082-00018023-00018175 then
MMyntB-dwqc-00083-00018176-00018375 where it's really fully digital now
MMyntB-dwqc-00084-00018376-00018535 whereas in the past it used to be kind
MMyntB-dwqc-00085-00018536-00018727 of a mixture of
MMyntB-dwqc-00086-00018728-00019063 digital and like models and all kinds of
MMyntB-dwqc-00087-00019064-00019263 techniques to really execute kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00088-00019264-00019407 this these
MMyntB-dwqc-00089-00019408-00019607 imaginary places that don't exist but
MMyntB-dwqc-00090-00019608-00019814 only exist on film
MMyntB-dwqc-00091-00019815-00019958 a lot of which are basically optical
MMyntB-dwqc-00092-00019959-00020311 illusions um
MMyntB-dwqc-00093-00020312-00020678 and uh so from 2010 to now i've been
MMyntB-dwqc-00094-00020679-00020839 in and around doing production i'm not
MMyntB-dwqc-00095-00020840-00020999 actually an artist myself
MMyntB-dwqc-00096-00021000-00021150 i've kind of certainly stayed more on
MMyntB-dwqc-00097-00021151-00021399 the business side in the producing side
MMyntB-dwqc-00098-00021400-00021622 uh anthony's background is more of an
MMyntB-dwqc-00099-00021623-00021727 artist
MMyntB-dwqc-00100-00021728-00022103 artist background certainly um
MMyntB-dwqc-00101-00022104-00022278 the company that you know one of the
MMyntB-dwqc-00102-00022279-00022478 things i learned about
MMyntB-dwqc-00103-00022479-00022655 you know being on the business side was
MMyntB-dwqc-00104-00022656-00022822 that
MMyntB-dwqc-00105-00022823-00023111 there um no matter how a lot of these
MMyntB-dwqc-00106-00023112-00023207 big companies
MMyntB-dwqc-00107-00023208-00023463 want to want to swing it there there
MMyntB-dwqc-00108-00023464-00023558 really is not
MMyntB-dwqc-00109-00023559-00023950 any proprietary technology today
MMyntB-dwqc-00110-00023951-00024255 that allows people to execute like
MMyntB-dwqc-00111-00024256-00024550 feature film quality visual effects work
MMyntB-dwqc-00112-00024551-00024758 the ability to do that is really in the
MMyntB-dwqc-00113-00024759-00024911 knowledge
MMyntB-dwqc-00114-00024912-00025071 and the collective knowledge of any
MMyntB-dwqc-00115-00025072-00025222 group of talent that you
MMyntB-dwqc-00116-00025223-00025542 you may have so you know with that
MMyntB-dwqc-00117-00025543-00025831 in mind it you know it really i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00118-00025832-00026055 lends itself well to a cooperative model
MMyntB-dwqc-00119-00026056-00026111 because
MMyntB-dwqc-00120-00026112-00026351 everything that you see in film and
MMyntB-dwqc-00121-00026352-00026495 television that's visual effects is
MMyntB-dwqc-00122-00026495-00026623 really built
MMyntB-dwqc-00123-00026624-00026967 on the labor of the artists
MMyntB-dwqc-00124-00026968-00027262 um and if you boil it down to the sheer
MMyntB-dwqc-00125-00027263-00027446 mathematics of how
MMyntB-dwqc-00126-00027447-00027711 these big companies determine how much
MMyntB-dwqc-00127-00027712-00027839 something it's going to cost
MMyntB-dwqc-00128-00027839-00028031 it really boils down to well how many
MMyntB-dwqc-00129-00028032-00028158 days is it going to take somebody to do
MMyntB-dwqc-00130-00028160-00028287 something
MMyntB-dwqc-00131-00028288-00028511 so you know with that model you can kind
MMyntB-dwqc-00132-00028512-00028670 of see how it kind of directly equates
MMyntB-dwqc-00133-00028672-00028823 to like a traditional setup of a
MMyntB-dwqc-00134-00028824-00028999 cooperative that's based on labor
MMyntB-dwqc-00135-00029000-00029143 contribution
MMyntB-dwqc-00136-00029144-00029431 and you know this is just a way of
MMyntB-dwqc-00137-00029432-00029655 organizing a group of you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00138-00029656-00029807 talented artists that have a lot of
MMyntB-dwqc-00139-00029808-00030007 experience in film and television
MMyntB-dwqc-00140-00030008-00030167 that have a high degree of technical
MMyntB-dwqc-00141-00030168-00030367 proficiency
MMyntB-dwqc-00142-00030368-00030655 you know with the goal of creating an
MMyntB-dwqc-00143-00030656-00030814 environment that generates profit for
MMyntB-dwqc-00144-00030816-00030999 themselves and not necessarily for any
MMyntB-dwqc-00145-00031000-00031246 particular shareholder and the ends of
MMyntB-dwqc-00146-00031247-00031302 it really
MMyntB-dwqc-00147-00031303-00031574 is not that you know we're not all
MMyntB-dwqc-00148-00031575-00031655 trying to drive
MMyntB-dwqc-00149-00031656-00031839 drive away in ferraris on this we're all
MMyntB-dwqc-00150-00031839-00032007 really just trying to make
MMyntB-dwqc-00151-00032008-00032143 you know good living and support
MMyntB-dwqc-00152-00032144-00032343 families and things and i think the
MMyntB-dwqc-00153-00032344-00032511 distribution of the profit across
MMyntB-dwqc-00154-00032512-00032583 membership
MMyntB-dwqc-00155-00032583-00032927 maybe will help help with that also
MMyntB-dwqc-00156-00032928-00033159 historically the the entertainment
MMyntB-dwqc-00157-00033160-00033295 business film and television
MMyntB-dwqc-00158-00033296-00033623 especially uh kind of was born
MMyntB-dwqc-00159-00033624-00033935 in a time where there were unions and
MMyntB-dwqc-00160-00033936-00033999 guilds
MMyntB-dwqc-00161-00034000-00034279 like a lot of other disciplines within
MMyntB-dwqc-00162-00034280-00034351 entertainment
MMyntB-dwqc-00163-00034352-00034623 are fall under the you know the the
MMyntB-dwqc-00164-00034624-00034902 auspice of uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00165-00034903-00035246 ayatsi which is the uh stage and
MMyntB-dwqc-00166-00035247-00035327 theatrical
MMyntB-dwqc-00167-00035328-00035671 um workers union and
MMyntB-dwqc-00168-00035672-00035895 you know that that union then has a
MMyntB-dwqc-00169-00035896-00036007 bunch of sub
MMyntB-dwqc-00170-00036008-00036190 guilds basically like your director's
MMyntB-dwqc-00171-00036191-00036351 guild of america you know there's the
MMyntB-dwqc-00172-00036352-00036502 cinematographers guild there's the
MMyntB-dwqc-00173-00036503-00036687 screen actors guild
MMyntB-dwqc-00174-00036688-00036823 and there's all these you know all these
MMyntB-dwqc-00175-00036824-00037039 specialties have these kind of union
MMyntB-dwqc-00176-00037040-00037127 protections
MMyntB-dwqc-00177-00037128-00037359 and you know union bargaining collective
MMyntB-dwqc-00178-00037360-00037502 bargaining agreements which
MMyntB-dwqc-00179-00037503-00037679 you know visual effects was born in the
MMyntB-dwqc-00180-00037680-00037887 90s which was kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00181-00037888-00038159 after unionization you know kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00182-00038160-00038335 already had its like you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00183-00038336-00038574 golden days let's say and it was kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00184-00038575-00038727 just always kind of brushed aside there
MMyntB-dwqc-00185-00038728-00038902 have been attempts to unionize
MMyntB-dwqc-00186-00038903-00039143 uh some some shops and none of them have
MMyntB-dwqc-00187-00039144-00039327 really ever been successful
MMyntB-dwqc-00188-00039328-00039511 so you know visual effects in general
MMyntB-dwqc-00189-00039512-00039671 has kind of just always been
MMyntB-dwqc-00190-00039672-00039918 on the sidelines well things are
MMyntB-dwqc-00191-00039919-00040095 certainly project based and
MMyntB-dwqc-00192-00040096-00040295 you know big studios have agreements
MMyntB-dwqc-00193-00040296-00040455 with ayati to hire
MMyntB-dwqc-00194-00040456-00040815 only union workers there's no such thing
MMyntB-dwqc-00195-00040816-00041039 for visual effects artists so
MMyntB-dwqc-00196-00041040-00041430 you know unfortunately um
MMyntB-dwqc-00197-00041431-00041574 they they don't have a lot of the same
MMyntB-dwqc-00198-00041575-00041695 visual effects artists traditionally
MMyntB-dwqc-00199-00041696-00041815 don't have a lot of the same you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00200-00041816-00042023 worker you know protections and the
MMyntB-dwqc-00201-00042024-00042358 collective bargaining power that that
MMyntB-dwqc-00202-00042359-00042702 a lot of these unions do so this may be
MMyntB-dwqc-00203-00042703-00042902 is an attempt you know you utilizing a
MMyntB-dwqc-00204-00042903-00043023 cooperative model
MMyntB-dwqc-00205-00043024-00043295 and is maybe a modern attempt at you
MMyntB-dwqc-00206-00043296-00043462 know in a more capitalist world
MMyntB-dwqc-00207-00043463-00043743 to try to to develop some of that
MMyntB-dwqc-00208-00043744-00044055 collective bargaining power i guess
MMyntB-dwqc-00209-00044056-00044367 as far as you know are is nexodus the
MMyntB-dwqc-00210-00044368-00044567 only
MMyntB-dwqc-00211-00044568-00044758 cooperatively organized visual effects
MMyntB-dwqc-00212-00044759-00044887 studio
MMyntB-dwqc-00213-00044888-00045183 in the in the us anyway as far as as far
MMyntB-dwqc-00214-00045184-00045255 as we know
MMyntB-dwqc-00215-00045256-00045590 yeah yes um and you said
MMyntB-dwqc-00216-00045591-00045895 you anthony you said you had
MMyntB-dwqc-00217-00045896-00046167 you just kind of officially became the
MMyntB-dwqc-00218-00046168-00046230 co-op
MMyntB-dwqc-00219-00046231-00046607 about nine months ago now um
MMyntB-dwqc-00220-00046608-00046990 and did nexodus exist
MMyntB-dwqc-00221-00046991-00047311 before that uh did it convert to a co-op
MMyntB-dwqc-00222-00047312-00047518 or is this a brand new thing
MMyntB-dwqc-00223-00047519-00047839 yeah so when i i lived in la for for
MMyntB-dwqc-00224-00047840-00047902 many years
MMyntB-dwqc-00225-00047903-00048086 um when i started in the business i was
MMyntB-dwqc-00226-00048087-00048255 out there and uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00227-00048256-00048543 you know around around 2009 2010
MMyntB-dwqc-00228-00048544-00048767 somewhere in there i started to you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00229-00048768-00048967 want to have a family and you know do
MMyntB-dwqc-00230-00048968-00049095 those types of things and so i was
MMyntB-dwqc-00231-00049096-00049335 looking for some job security
MMyntB-dwqc-00232-00049336-00049567 and uh you know i was working at the
MMyntB-dwqc-00233-00049568-00049711 time i was working at sony which is a
MMyntB-dwqc-00234-00049712-00049839 big company
MMyntB-dwqc-00235-00049840-00050023 um and i had been there for you know i
MMyntB-dwqc-00236-00050024-00050158 was pretty dug in there i was there for
MMyntB-dwqc-00237-00050159-00050302 a couple of years which
MMyntB-dwqc-00238-00050303-00050462 in the visual effects business is a long
MMyntB-dwqc-00239-00050463-00050639 time um
MMyntB-dwqc-00240-00050640-00050999 and uh there was an attempt to unionize
MMyntB-dwqc-00241-00051000-00051366 uh the studio um at that time and it
MMyntB-dwqc-00242-00051367-00051502 failed and that
MMyntB-dwqc-00243-00051503-00051790 um that hit me pretty hard because i
MMyntB-dwqc-00244-00051791-00051838 really
MMyntB-dwqc-00245-00051839-00052070 like i felt like that was going to be
MMyntB-dwqc-00246-00052071-00052190 the thing that was going to give me a
MMyntB-dwqc-00247-00052191-00052294 little bit of
MMyntB-dwqc-00248-00052295-00052487 you know job security because even
MMyntB-dwqc-00249-00052488-00052623 though i had been at sony
MMyntB-dwqc-00250-00052624-00052991 i was technically a a employee
MMyntB-dwqc-00251-00052991-00053326 a staff employee i never really felt
MMyntB-dwqc-00252-00053327-00053526 secure in my job just because the
MMyntB-dwqc-00253-00053527-00053694 industry is so volatile
MMyntB-dwqc-00254-00053695-00053894 and they were moving a lot of work to
MMyntB-dwqc-00255-00053895-00054103 vancouver at the time and so it was like
MMyntB-dwqc-00256-00054104-00054199 well
MMyntB-dwqc-00257-00054200-00054526 you know if i buy a house here in la
MMyntB-dwqc-00258-00054527-00054807 you know am i going to have to you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00259-00054808-00054959 travel to vancouver to pay for that
MMyntB-dwqc-00260-00054960-00055119 house in l.a you know it was like it was
MMyntB-dwqc-00261-00055120-00055223 becoming that
MMyntB-dwqc-00262-00055224-00055535 kind of thing so around that time
MMyntB-dwqc-00263-00055536-00055775 my wife and i decided you know that we
MMyntB-dwqc-00264-00055776-00055926 were just gonna i was gonna try and do
MMyntB-dwqc-00265-00055927-00055999 my own thing
MMyntB-dwqc-00266-00056000-00056294 and that's kind of um when it started
MMyntB-dwqc-00267-00056295-00056430 and i had already kind of been doing
MMyntB-dwqc-00268-00056432-00056519 some
MMyntB-dwqc-00269-00056520-00056719 visual effects work on the side like at
MMyntB-dwqc-00270-00056720-00056894 like moonlighting and stuff like that so
MMyntB-dwqc-00271-00056895-00057103 i had some clients of my own
MMyntB-dwqc-00272-00057104-00057407 um and so i decided you know if i really
MMyntB-dwqc-00273-00057408-00057575 spend time on this i could probably do
MMyntB-dwqc-00274-00057576-00057750 this full time
MMyntB-dwqc-00275-00057751-00058007 and we could move somewhere where the
MMyntB-dwqc-00276-00058008-00058166 cost of living is way cheaper
MMyntB-dwqc-00277-00058167-00058494 and you know and so we did that we
MMyntB-dwqc-00278-00058495-00058647 decided to just
MMyntB-dwqc-00279-00058648-00058911 do that so it took a couple of years to
MMyntB-dwqc-00280-00058912-00059054 make the transition but
MMyntB-dwqc-00281-00059055-00059415 i moved out to i live in lawrence kansas
MMyntB-dwqc-00282-00059416-00059711 and we moved out here bought a house and
MMyntB-dwqc-00283-00059712-00059799 i started a
MMyntB-dwqc-00284-00059800-00060111 small company called mass exodus
MMyntB-dwqc-00285-00060112-00060382 and my intention for that business was
MMyntB-dwqc-00286-00060383-00060550 to convert it to a co-op
MMyntB-dwqc-00287-00060551-00060871 when i had enough people working with me
MMyntB-dwqc-00288-00060872-00061023 that we could do that
MMyntB-dwqc-00289-00061024-00061263 and uh you know for the most part it was
MMyntB-dwqc-00290-00061264-00061326 just me
MMyntB-dwqc-00291-00061327-00061479 but then like i started bringing some
MMyntB-dwqc-00292-00061479-00061615 friends in if i got a lot of work i
MMyntB-dwqc-00293-00061616-00061791 would bring in like my friend frank
MMyntB-dwqc-00294-00061791-00061966 who's a member of the co-op now
MMyntB-dwqc-00295-00061967-00062142 um i'd bring him in he would do some
MMyntB-dwqc-00296-00062144-00062350 work with me and i would kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00297-00062351-00062463 even though we weren't officially a
MMyntB-dwqc-00298-00062464-00062759 co-op i would share
MMyntB-dwqc-00299-00062760-00063103 the profits as if we were a co-op so
MMyntB-dwqc-00300-00063104-00063303 um you know on projects where frank did
MMyntB-dwqc-00301-00063304-00063503 a lot more work he would end up getting
MMyntB-dwqc-00302-00063504-00063854 you know uh like a a good a better cut
MMyntB-dwqc-00303-00063855-00063959 of the profits
MMyntB-dwqc-00304-00063960-00064263 at the at the end of it and so um frank
MMyntB-dwqc-00305-00064264-00064423 was like oh man this is great you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00306-00064424-00064623 let you know let's make this let's do
MMyntB-dwqc-00307-00064624-00064806 this all the time
MMyntB-dwqc-00308-00064807-00065223 and so uh but we were always missing
MMyntB-dwqc-00309-00065224-00065543 um it seemed to be just timing never
MMyntB-dwqc-00310-00065544-00065647 kind of worked out
MMyntB-dwqc-00311-00065648-00065903 but we were always missing like uh you
MMyntB-dwqc-00312-00065904-00065967 know john
MMyntB-dwqc-00313-00065968-00066135 for instance like we needed that person
MMyntB-dwqc-00314-00066136-00066391 like john who could be the business side
MMyntB-dwqc-00315-00066392-00066591 of the business and bring work in
MMyntB-dwqc-00316-00066592-00066775 while the artists are working on stuff
MMyntB-dwqc-00317-00066776-00066975 uh because i found that
MMyntB-dwqc-00318-00066976-00067182 you know after a while like i just
MMyntB-dwqc-00319-00067183-00067294 couldn't uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00320-00067295-00067415 i couldn't do it on my own anymore
MMyntB-dwqc-00321-00067416-00067550 because i was doing the work i was
MMyntB-dwqc-00322-00067551-00067679 getting the work i was doing the
MMyntB-dwqc-00323-00067680-00067775 marketing
MMyntB-dwqc-00324-00067776-00067935 i was basically the whole company you
MMyntB-dwqc-00325-00067936-00068255 know and so
MMyntB-dwqc-00326-00068256-00068526 um mass exodus never ceased to exist but
MMyntB-dwqc-00327-00068527-00068743 i started basically working directly
MMyntB-dwqc-00328-00068744-00068999 for another company as a visual effects
MMyntB-dwqc-00329-00069000-00069094 supervisor
MMyntB-dwqc-00330-00069095-00069399 remotely and i did that for um like
MMyntB-dwqc-00331-00069400-00069559 three years or so
MMyntB-dwqc-00332-00069560-00069823 um and then i guess it was maybe what
MMyntB-dwqc-00333-00069824-00069999 was it john like two years ago or
MMyntB-dwqc-00334-00070000-00070231 something like that when 2018 kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00335-00070232-00070343 came in the picture
MMyntB-dwqc-00336-00070344-00070582 yep um you want to kind of take it from
MMyntB-dwqc-00337-00070583-00070655 there
MMyntB-dwqc-00338-00070656-00070823 no it was you know it was good timing
MMyntB-dwqc-00339-00070824-00071023 you know i had uh like anthony said i
MMyntB-dwqc-00340-00071024-00071135 had
MMyntB-dwqc-00341-00071136-00071391 uh kind of chased a lot of this work
MMyntB-dwqc-00342-00071392-00071511 around the globe
MMyntB-dwqc-00343-00071512-00071759 so to speak he had mentioned a lot of it
MMyntB-dwqc-00344-00071760-00071887 up and went to
MMyntB-dwqc-00345-00071888-00072119 to canada and that you know that is a
MMyntB-dwqc-00346-00072120-00072247 whole other story that we could have a
MMyntB-dwqc-00347-00072248-00072303 whole other
MMyntB-dwqc-00348-00072304-00072455 conversation on so i don't even go there
MMyntB-dwqc-00349-00072456-00072606 just know that
MMyntB-dwqc-00350-00072607-00072955 around the mid 2000s or i guess 2007 to
MMyntB-dwqc-00351-00072956-00073111 2012 really
MMyntB-dwqc-00352-00073112-00073406 a lot of a lot of work left california
MMyntB-dwqc-00353-00073407-00073479 and went to
MMyntB-dwqc-00354-00073480-00073862 canada for uh provincial and federal tax
MMyntB-dwqc-00355-00073863-00074135 incentives up there uh that combined
MMyntB-dwqc-00356-00074136-00074231 with the
MMyntB-dwqc-00357-00074232-00074479 currency exchange advantage really made
MMyntB-dwqc-00358-00074480-00074726 it cost effective to do
MMyntB-dwqc-00359-00074727-00075055 do work there as opposed to in the u.s
MMyntB-dwqc-00360-00075056-00075311 um and i moved to vancouver so i moved
MMyntB-dwqc-00361-00075312-00075359 from los
MMyntB-dwqc-00362-00075360-00075575 angeles where i had worked for 11 years
MMyntB-dwqc-00363-00075576-00075750 and moved to vancouver to kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00364-00075751-00075879 do that thing and then you know at the
MMyntB-dwqc-00365-00075880-00076087 same time my wife and i had two children
MMyntB-dwqc-00366-00076088-00076206 and i think you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00367-00076207-00076350 you have kids and maybe like what you're
MMyntB-dwqc-00368-00076351-00076471 doing in your life you kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00369-00076472-00076631 reevaluate and
MMyntB-dwqc-00370-00076632-00076862 things change and you develop different
MMyntB-dwqc-00371-00076863-00077023 priorities and i think we decided we
MMyntB-dwqc-00372-00077024-00077159 wanted to move back to the
MMyntB-dwqc-00373-00077160-00077335 to the us to be closer to family so i'm
MMyntB-dwqc-00374-00077336-00077575 in ohio now
MMyntB-dwqc-00375-00077576-00077855 and um you know anthony approached me to
MMyntB-dwqc-00376-00077856-00078023 do this and i was still trying to figure
MMyntB-dwqc-00377-00078024-00078111 out kind of what was
MMyntB-dwqc-00378-00078112-00078438 what was next for me um because i had
MMyntB-dwqc-00379-00078439-00078567 all these years of experience in this
MMyntB-dwqc-00380-00078568-00078703 industry what am i going to try
MMyntB-dwqc-00381-00078704-00078855 let's try to do something and anthony
MMyntB-dwqc-00382-00078856-00078982 approached me with this idea of doing a
MMyntB-dwqc-00383-00078983-00079215 fully virtual visual effects
MMyntB-dwqc-00384-00079216-00079567 studio uh developed as a cooperative
MMyntB-dwqc-00385-00079568-00079871 that would allow people to work kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00386-00079872-00080031 remotely from anywhere
MMyntB-dwqc-00387-00080032-00080343 on the planet and you know that
MMyntB-dwqc-00388-00080344-00080550 this was in 2018 this is way before
MMyntB-dwqc-00389-00080551-00080703 coronavirus or anything so that wasn't
MMyntB-dwqc-00390-00080704-00080791 even
MMyntB-dwqc-00391-00080792-00081126 on our radar when we started this and
MMyntB-dwqc-00392-00081127-00081303 you know when i had moved to vancouver i
MMyntB-dwqc-00393-00081304-00081479 did so for another company called
MMyntB-dwqc-00394-00081480-00081767 uh pixelmundo i was helping expand their
MMyntB-dwqc-00395-00081768-00081935 operations to vancouver they didn't have
MMyntB-dwqc-00396-00081936-00082094 an office there they it's a
MMyntB-dwqc-00397-00082095-00082206 privately owned company that's
MMyntB-dwqc-00398-00082207-00082415 headquarters in l.a
MMyntB-dwqc-00399-00082416-00082575 it started as a german company but they
MMyntB-dwqc-00400-00082576-00082815 had seven seven offices globally
MMyntB-dwqc-00401-00082816-00083071 and i opened the helped them open the
MMyntB-dwqc-00402-00083072-00083223 vancouver office
MMyntB-dwqc-00403-00083224-00083406 and in that process you know i did a lot
MMyntB-dwqc-00404-00083407-00083526 of financial math
MMyntB-dwqc-00405-00083527-00083847 on uh what because they were gonna have
MMyntB-dwqc-00406-00083848-00083999 to make investments in hardware and
MMyntB-dwqc-00407-00084000-00084159 stuff and technology and
MMyntB-dwqc-00408-00084160-00084391 i did a lot of financial math on what
MMyntB-dwqc-00409-00084392-00084518 what the best direction
MMyntB-dwqc-00410-00084519-00084694 was to take and a lot of my financial
MMyntB-dwqc-00411-00084695-00084999 math pointed towards virtualization
MMyntB-dwqc-00412-00085000-00085303 utilizing uh like a compute solution
MMyntB-dwqc-00413-00085304-00085526 like amazon or google as opposed to
MMyntB-dwqc-00414-00085527-00085711 having physical machines in a building
MMyntB-dwqc-00415-00085712-00086087 so to speak and that for the really the
MMyntB-dwqc-00416-00086088-00086150 first time
MMyntB-dwqc-00417-00086151-00086511 in about 2016 was viable you know prior
MMyntB-dwqc-00418-00086512-00086711 to that there were bandwidth limitations
MMyntB-dwqc-00419-00086712-00086750 and
MMyntB-dwqc-00420-00086751-00086926 you know just compute limitations that
MMyntB-dwqc-00421-00086927-00087126 really didn't make it
MMyntB-dwqc-00422-00087127-00087318 didn't make it a viable solution but in
MMyntB-dwqc-00423-00087319-00087503 2016 it started to become one
MMyntB-dwqc-00424-00087504-00087767 in 2018 when we had this thought it was
MMyntB-dwqc-00425-00087768-00087991 definitely at the forefront and both
MMyntB-dwqc-00426-00087992-00088287 from an effectiveness standpoint and a
MMyntB-dwqc-00427-00088288-00088559 cost efficiency standpoint was kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00428-00088560-00088903 you know the right way to go so to speak
MMyntB-dwqc-00429-00088904-00089111 and i think it will continue to even get
MMyntB-dwqc-00430-00089112-00089287 better and i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00431-00089288-00089550 um you know the writing's kind of on the
MMyntB-dwqc-00432-00089551-00089750 wall for the old the old method and i
MMyntB-dwqc-00433-00089751-00089799 think this
MMyntB-dwqc-00434-00089800-00089982 is probably you know we're one of
MMyntB-dwqc-00435-00089983-00090175 probably the first people to
MMyntB-dwqc-00436-00090176-00090326 to maneuver towards complete
MMyntB-dwqc-00437-00090327-00090606 virtualization in this business
MMyntB-dwqc-00438-00090607-00090838 now coronavirus happens a lot of things
MMyntB-dwqc-00439-00090839-00091062 get accelerated and acceptance of
MMyntB-dwqc-00440-00091063-00091255 people working from home in a business
MMyntB-dwqc-00441-00091256-00091406 that's traditionally pretty protective
MMyntB-dwqc-00442-00091407-00091526 of its data
MMyntB-dwqc-00443-00091527-00091726 has opened up quite a bit and other
MMyntB-dwqc-00444-00091727-00091911 people are certainly making strides to
MMyntB-dwqc-00445-00091912-00091999 do
MMyntB-dwqc-00446-00092000-00092135 you know what we've done we may have
MMyntB-dwqc-00447-00092136-00092350 just have a little bit of a head start
MMyntB-dwqc-00448-00092351-00092511 on them and we're certainly not a big
MMyntB-dwqc-00449-00092512-00092687 company we're not the size of industrial
MMyntB-dwqc-00450-00092688-00092871 light magic or digital domain
MMyntB-dwqc-00451-00092872-00093182 um that's okay we'll get there someday
MMyntB-dwqc-00452-00093183-00093343 maybe
MMyntB-dwqc-00453-00093344-00093750 but um you know i think kind of just
MMyntB-dwqc-00454-00093751-00093943 getting getting getting back to the
MMyntB-dwqc-00455-00093944-00094062 point of it i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00456-00094063-00094350 in 2018 it was the first time that that
MMyntB-dwqc-00457-00094351-00094462 was really
MMyntB-dwqc-00458-00094463-00094671 the way you could design a business and
MMyntB-dwqc-00459-00094672-00094782 that's kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00460-00094783-00095006 the root the route that we decided to
MMyntB-dwqc-00461-00095007-00095111 take
MMyntB-dwqc-00462-00095112-00095318 and you know getting back to something i
MMyntB-dwqc-00463-00095319-00095494 said a little bit earlier
MMyntB-dwqc-00464-00095495-00095694 you know there's no single technology
MMyntB-dwqc-00465-00095695-00095911 that really allows any one company to do
MMyntB-dwqc-00466-00095912-00096071 what we do better than another company a
MMyntB-dwqc-00467-00096072-00096118 lot of
MMyntB-dwqc-00468-00096119-00096335 it isn't is in the is in the brainpower
MMyntB-dwqc-00469-00096336-00096487 of the employees
MMyntB-dwqc-00470-00096488-00096815 and also along along with that
MMyntB-dwqc-00471-00096816-00097135 you know back you know five
MMyntB-dwqc-00472-00097136-00097447 ten back ten years ago let's say
MMyntB-dwqc-00473-00097448-00097815 in this business the ability to do this
MMyntB-dwqc-00474-00097816-00098006 or even to start on day one took an
MMyntB-dwqc-00475-00098007-00098206 enormous initial investment like
MMyntB-dwqc-00476-00098207-00098438 millions of dollars in computers
MMyntB-dwqc-00477-00098439-00098599 and in render farms the size of
MMyntB-dwqc-00478-00098600-00098855 warehouses like it just took a lot of
MMyntB-dwqc-00479-00098856-00099094 financial assets and resources to just
MMyntB-dwqc-00480-00099095-00099374 start so there was a huge gateway to
MMyntB-dwqc-00481-00099375-00099431 entry
MMyntB-dwqc-00482-00099432-00099671 for smaller companies especially you
MMyntB-dwqc-00483-00099672-00099918 know like worker owned companies without
MMyntB-dwqc-00484-00099919-00100174 maybe a bunch of startup capital
MMyntB-dwqc-00485-00100175-00100511 and what these like services like amazon
MMyntB-dwqc-00486-00100512-00100711 and google have allowed you to do
MMyntB-dwqc-00487-00100712-00100926 is kind of uh switch to like a
MMyntB-dwqc-00488-00100927-00101031 pay-as-you-go
MMyntB-dwqc-00489-00101032-00101223 model so that you don't really need to
MMyntB-dwqc-00490-00101224-00101423 have the initial capital upfront
MMyntB-dwqc-00491-00101424-00101567 because all of these computers that
MMyntB-dwqc-00492-00101568-00101759 you're you're using you're you're just
MMyntB-dwqc-00493-00101760-00101967 renting basically or you're buying buy
MMyntB-dwqc-00494-00101968-00102103 you're paying for them by the minute so
MMyntB-dwqc-00495-00102104-00102294 you don't have to have five million
MMyntB-dwqc-00496-00102295-00102510 dollars up front in a big building
MMyntB-dwqc-00497-00102511-00102727 to start and it eliminates you know kind
MMyntB-dwqc-00498-00102728-00102871 of the gateway to entry for
MMyntB-dwqc-00499-00102872-00103006 a lot of these smaller companies like
MMyntB-dwqc-00500-00103007-00103230 ours and and let's say worker
MMyntB-dwqc-00501-00103231-00103430 owned companies where you don't have an
MMyntB-dwqc-00502-00103431-00103606 initial investor that just
MMyntB-dwqc-00503-00103607-00103734 gives you five million dollars and
MMyntB-dwqc-00504-00103735-00103999 expects a return on investment so
MMyntB-dwqc-00505-00104000-00104190 i think both from a technological
MMyntB-dwqc-00506-00104191-00104494 standpoint and
MMyntB-dwqc-00507-00104495-00104775 you know it's kind of just it was very
MMyntB-dwqc-00508-00104776-00104902 conducive to this happening
MMyntB-dwqc-00509-00104903-00105215 in 2018 i think yeah you're gonna go
MMyntB-dwqc-00510-00105216-00105327 that way
MMyntB-dwqc-00511-00105328-00105551 very good decision you guys made two
MMyntB-dwqc-00512-00105552-00105671 years
MMyntB-dwqc-00513-00105672-00105975 before it became mandatory for everybody
MMyntB-dwqc-00514-00105976-00106086 yeah well if we could do without a
MMyntB-dwqc-00515-00106088-00106319 coronavirus i would uh i would i would
MMyntB-dwqc-00516-00106320-00106790 that would be better but right
MMyntB-dwqc-00517-00106791-00106975 your question so you know the company
MMyntB-dwqc-00518-00106976-00107134 kind of originally started
MMyntB-dwqc-00519-00107135-00107447 as as mass exodus which was just
MMyntB-dwqc-00520-00107448-00107783 an llc that i that i owned and then
MMyntB-dwqc-00521-00107783-00108166 when john and i came together with frank
MMyntB-dwqc-00522-00108167-00108495 in 2018 was it yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-00523-00108496-00108815 yeah july 2018 we started
MMyntB-dwqc-00524-00108816-00109199 uh a another llc called nimble heroes
MMyntB-dwqc-00525-00109200-00109319 llc
MMyntB-dwqc-00526-00109320-00109790 and that was a partnership um and
MMyntB-dwqc-00527-00109791-00109966 that was like our intention at that
MMyntB-dwqc-00528-00109967-00110166 point was for that llc to just be
MMyntB-dwqc-00529-00110167-00110231 organized
MMyntB-dwqc-00530-00110232-00110534 as a cooperative it never really it was
MMyntB-dwqc-00531-00110535-00110695 a partnership because all of us were
MMyntB-dwqc-00532-00110696-00110815 equal owners in the
MMyntB-dwqc-00533-00110816-00111254 in the llc but then uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00534-00111255-00111566 last year around july we converted
MMyntB-dwqc-00535-00111567-00111910 that llc into the corporation
MMyntB-dwqc-00536-00111911-00112215 and and the cooperative corporate and
MMyntB-dwqc-00537-00112216-00112399 that's when we like adopted our bylaws
MMyntB-dwqc-00538-00112400-00112502 and
MMyntB-dwqc-00539-00112503-00112639 all that stuff so that's kind of what
MMyntB-dwqc-00540-00112640-00112790 that transition happened i think the
MMyntB-dwqc-00541-00112791-00112943 only reason we didn't do it originally
MMyntB-dwqc-00542-00112944-00113247 in 2018 was just uh legal knowledge of
MMyntB-dwqc-00543-00113248-00113390 how to actually execute it
MMyntB-dwqc-00544-00113391-00113631 you know uh we didn't know how to do it
MMyntB-dwqc-00545-00113632-00113823 it's not something that's on legalzoom
MMyntB-dwqc-00546-00113824-00114110 um you have to have a couple thousand
MMyntB-dwqc-00547-00114111-00114239 dollars to pay an attorney to help you
MMyntB-dwqc-00548-00114240-00114375 figure it all out
MMyntB-dwqc-00549-00114376-00114590 which i don't think we were ready to
MMyntB-dwqc-00550-00114591-00114727 spend yet until we proved up
MMyntB-dwqc-00551-00114728-00114886 the business would work and i think we
MMyntB-dwqc-00552-00114888-00115071 use kind of nimble heroes as like a test
MMyntB-dwqc-00553-00115072-00115190 bed
MMyntB-dwqc-00554-00115191-00115415 for if the technology would work and
MMyntB-dwqc-00555-00115416-00115575 then once it kind of was proven then it
MMyntB-dwqc-00556-00115576-00115727 worked and we were able to develop some
MMyntB-dwqc-00557-00115728-00115902 consistent revenue we're like okay
MMyntB-dwqc-00558-00115903-00116078 now let's let's reorganize this the way
MMyntB-dwqc-00559-00116079-00116223 that we intended and that's
MMyntB-dwqc-00560-00116224-00116383 that was kind of the way the reason it
MMyntB-dwqc-00561-00116383-00116647 started kind of organically like that
MMyntB-dwqc-00562-00116648-00116927 and so and so you take mass exodus and
MMyntB-dwqc-00563-00116928-00117071 nimble heroes and you put them together
MMyntB-dwqc-00564-00117072-00117286 and you get next to this right
MMyntB-dwqc-00565-00117288-00117607 am i i mean yeah more or less
MMyntB-dwqc-00566-00117608-00117790 i'm a word guy so of course i'm like oh
MMyntB-dwqc-00567-00117791-00118007 okay i think mass exodus proved
MMyntB-dwqc-00568-00118008-00118199 mass exodus proved that there were
MMyntB-dwqc-00569-00118200-00118366 clients that were willing to pay for
MMyntB-dwqc-00570-00118367-00118519 people that worked remote
MMyntB-dwqc-00571-00118520-00118799 you know and nimble heroes proved that
MMyntB-dwqc-00572-00118800-00118975 this new virtualization technology
MMyntB-dwqc-00573-00118976-00119015 worked
MMyntB-dwqc-00574-00119016-00119215 so you kind of bring both those things
MMyntB-dwqc-00575-00119216-00119327 together and then
MMyntB-dwqc-00576-00119328-00119478 some elements of people from the outside
MMyntB-dwqc-00577-00119479-00119686 that weren't previously in the company
MMyntB-dwqc-00578-00119688-00119799 and you kind of have something that
MMyntB-dwqc-00579-00119800-00120054 works and then we called that in exodus
MMyntB-dwqc-00580-00120055-00120439 nice so how many um
MMyntB-dwqc-00581-00120440-00120790 people are actually members of nexus
MMyntB-dwqc-00582-00120791-00120951 right now
MMyntB-dwqc-00583-00120952-00121310 how many uh six as as of today six okay
MMyntB-dwqc-00584-00121311-00121631 so you got a good uh half dozen and then
MMyntB-dwqc-00585-00121632-00121807 do you have people who are
MMyntB-dwqc-00586-00121808-00121966 working with you but are kind of like on
MMyntB-dwqc-00587-00121967-00122183 the membership track or not
MMyntB-dwqc-00588-00122183-00122334 yeah or is that everybody that works
MMyntB-dwqc-00589-00122335-00122543 okay everybody
MMyntB-dwqc-00590-00122544-00122695 everybody who's working with us is on
MMyntB-dwqc-00591-00122696-00122854 the membership track
MMyntB-dwqc-00592-00122855-00123086 okay yeah yeah and if there after a
MMyntB-dwqc-00593-00123088-00123223 certain period of the
MMyntB-dwqc-00594-00123224-00123478 time of working we haven't we have a
MMyntB-dwqc-00595-00123479-00123686 chance to evaluate their skill set
MMyntB-dwqc-00596-00123688-00123863 they have a chance to evaluate whether
MMyntB-dwqc-00597-00123864-00124047 or not they want to you know be involved
MMyntB-dwqc-00598-00124048-00124239 with a cooperative or if they just want
MMyntB-dwqc-00599-00124240-00124566 you know just want a job and uh you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00600-00124567-00124702 after that introductory period then
MMyntB-dwqc-00601-00124703-00124919 there's a formal application that they
MMyntB-dwqc-00602-00124920-00125095 can submit once they've completed that
MMyntB-dwqc-00603-00125096-00125207 that process and
MMyntB-dwqc-00604-00125208-00125439 we'll evaluate and invite them to become
MMyntB-dwqc-00605-00125440-00125599 members of it if it makes sense
MMyntB-dwqc-00606-00125600-00125878 for us we we have like a thousand hour
MMyntB-dwqc-00607-00125879-00126110 threshold that they have to hit
MMyntB-dwqc-00608-00126111-00126439 before they can apply and uh as of right
MMyntB-dwqc-00609-00126440-00126614 now the only person to hit that thousand
MMyntB-dwqc-00610-00126615-00126695 hours has
MMyntB-dwqc-00611-00126696-00126983 become a member right when you hit it um
MMyntB-dwqc-00612-00126983-00127095 and so but we're looking
MMyntB-dwqc-00613-00127096-00127343 on the cusp of like in the next couple
MMyntB-dwqc-00614-00127344-00127510 of months here probably adding
MMyntB-dwqc-00615-00127511-00127639 a couple more people to that because
MMyntB-dwqc-00616-00127640-00127839 they're about to hit those thresholds
MMyntB-dwqc-00617-00127840-00127943 you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00618-00127944-00128134 and there seems to be broad interest in
MMyntB-dwqc-00619-00128135-00128271 general in in
MMyntB-dwqc-00620-00128272-00128527 what we're doing um because it's kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00621-00128528-00128590 unheard of
MMyntB-dwqc-00622-00128591-00128751 and a lot of people you know there
MMyntB-dwqc-00623-00128752-00128895 certainly is a word of mouth
MMyntB-dwqc-00624-00128896-00129047 effect happening and some people we've
MMyntB-dwqc-00625-00129048-00129207 hired only for contract
MMyntB-dwqc-00626-00129208-00129351 positions only because you know they
MMyntB-dwqc-00627-00129352-00129543 were certain projects only lasted for a
MMyntB-dwqc-00628-00129544-00129710 certain period of time
MMyntB-dwqc-00629-00129711-00129943 um have expressed interest and hey like
MMyntB-dwqc-00630-00129944-00130071 i'd love to work for you guys again
MMyntB-dwqc-00631-00130072-00130390 is there a way i can like try to become
MMyntB-dwqc-00632-00130391-00130486 a member
MMyntB-dwqc-00633-00130488-00130678 you know and before the thousand hours
MMyntB-dwqc-00634-00130679-00130919 so like the interest is there and now i
MMyntB-dwqc-00635-00130920-00131023 think once the
MMyntB-dwqc-00636-00131024-00131278 you know the pandemics starts to subside
MMyntB-dwqc-00637-00131279-00131343 and some work
MMyntB-dwqc-00638-00131344-00131678 starts to pick back up um you know a lot
MMyntB-dwqc-00639-00131679-00131807 of these people that
MMyntB-dwqc-00640-00131808-00131983 you know had on and off jobs during the
MMyntB-dwqc-00641-00131984-00132159 pandemic we can start hiring back
MMyntB-dwqc-00642-00132160-00132223 full-time
MMyntB-dwqc-00643-00132224-00132383 it's just you know it's a tough time out
MMyntB-dwqc-00644-00132384-00132527 there for everybody
MMyntB-dwqc-00645-00132528-00132919 yeah um so in terms of you guys being
MMyntB-dwqc-00646-00132920-00133054 all remote i saw
MMyntB-dwqc-00647-00133055-00133263 on the website that you were
MMyntB-dwqc-00648-00133264-00133447 incorporated in cincinnati ohio and
MMyntB-dwqc-00649-00133448-00133590 that's your address i assume because
MMyntB-dwqc-00650-00133591-00133711 john's there
MMyntB-dwqc-00651-00133712-00134039 right um it was who was kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00652-00134040-00134175 it's like oh of course you know where
MMyntB-dwqc-00653-00134176-00134366 all the great hollywood effects come out
MMyntB-dwqc-00654-00134367-00134687 of cincinnati everybody knows that right
MMyntB-dwqc-00655-00134688-00135087 but so anthony you're in kansas correct
MMyntB-dwqc-00656-00135088-00135414 yep and johnson ohio and then
MMyntB-dwqc-00657-00135415-00135631 your other members and people working
MMyntB-dwqc-00658-00135632-00135719 with you are
MMyntB-dwqc-00659-00135720-00135831 are they scattered all across the
MMyntB-dwqc-00660-00135832-00136095 country are they kind of clunky are we
MMyntB-dwqc-00661-00136096-00136383 all kind of vancouver yeah we all kind
MMyntB-dwqc-00662-00136384-00136478 of came from
MMyntB-dwqc-00663-00136479-00136614 i mean we all lived in california i
MMyntB-dwqc-00664-00136615-00136823 think at one time or another uh we all
MMyntB-dwqc-00665-00136824-00136943 started there and that's
MMyntB-dwqc-00666-00136944-00137231 pretty much where we all met um but over
MMyntB-dwqc-00667-00137232-00137390 time you know we've all scattered so
MMyntB-dwqc-00668-00137391-00137559 we've got john and i
MMyntB-dwqc-00669-00137560-00137807 in ohio and kansas we've got um one of
MMyntB-dwqc-00670-00137808-00138047 our members is in south carolina
MMyntB-dwqc-00671-00138048-00138383 one is in um uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00672-00138384-00138678 oregon and one and one is still in
MMyntB-dwqc-00673-00138679-00138783 california
MMyntB-dwqc-00674-00138784-00139102 that converts i think there will always
MMyntB-dwqc-00675-00139103-00139319 be a concentration in california
MMyntB-dwqc-00676-00139320-00139471 in los angeles that's because it's where
MMyntB-dwqc-00677-00139472-00139783 a lot of the jobs are but i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00678-00139784-00139927 you know as our company continues to
MMyntB-dwqc-00679-00139928-00140102 grow and this work from home thing i
MMyntB-dwqc-00680-00140103-00140159 think
MMyntB-dwqc-00681-00140160-00140390 i think to a degree we'll always be
MMyntB-dwqc-00682-00140391-00140502 around i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00683-00140503-00140663 that people will start to disperse from
MMyntB-dwqc-00684-00140664-00140823 california because a lot of people are
MMyntB-dwqc-00685-00140824-00141023 only there
MMyntB-dwqc-00686-00141024-00141175 because this is where that's where the
MMyntB-dwqc-00687-00141176-00141351 industry has historically been
MMyntB-dwqc-00688-00141352-00141502 but you know now that there's maybe a
MMyntB-dwqc-00689-00141503-00141735 window to like leave there and maybe
MMyntB-dwqc-00690-00141736-00141902 be able to buy a house in an area that's
MMyntB-dwqc-00691-00141903-00142047 a little bit more affordable or you
MMyntB-dwqc-00692-00142048-00142159 don't have to commute as far to have an
MMyntB-dwqc-00693-00142160-00142287 affordable house
MMyntB-dwqc-00694-00142288-00142423 i think you'll see a lot more outside of
MMyntB-dwqc-00695-00142424-00142607 california yes
MMyntB-dwqc-00696-00142608-00143014 or at least mm-hmm um
MMyntB-dwqc-00697-00143015-00143247 yeah i mean personally i live in uh
MMyntB-dwqc-00698-00143248-00143471 rural western montana
MMyntB-dwqc-00699-00143472-00143847 uh in a town of 500 people and you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00700-00143848-00144054 i manage a website most people in the
MMyntB-dwqc-00701-00144055-00144295 collective live in dc and new york and
MMyntB-dwqc-00702-00144296-00144575 uh but it's yeah the the internet's
MMyntB-dwqc-00703-00144576-00144719 great for not having to live in big
MMyntB-dwqc-00704-00144720-00144854 cities if you're not into that
MMyntB-dwqc-00705-00144855-00145047 or being able to live in the one you
MMyntB-dwqc-00706-00145048-00145263 want to um
MMyntB-dwqc-00707-00145264-00145647 so i see on your uh website besides
MMyntB-dwqc-00708-00145648-00145863 you guys being this kind of like remote
MMyntB-dwqc-00709-00145864-00146014 worker co-op which you've already got
MMyntB-dwqc-00710-00146015-00146111 like kind of two
MMyntB-dwqc-00711-00146112-00146383 pretty um i don't know to use the
MMyntB-dwqc-00712-00146384-00146551 buzzword cutting edge or something you
MMyntB-dwqc-00713-00146552-00146583 know
MMyntB-dwqc-00714-00146584-00146823 you know two pretty forward-looking
MMyntB-dwqc-00715-00146824-00146990 aspects of your business
MMyntB-dwqc-00716-00146991-00147159 then you've also got seems like these
MMyntB-dwqc-00717-00147160-00147335 kind of cloud services for people who
MMyntB-dwqc-00718-00147336-00147495 aren't members to just use right that
MMyntB-dwqc-00719-00147496-00147631 you allow people
MMyntB-dwqc-00720-00147632-00147847 other people to make use of your vfx
MMyntB-dwqc-00721-00147848-00147999 tools online
MMyntB-dwqc-00722-00148000-00148190 um and charge for that service as well
MMyntB-dwqc-00723-00148191-00148343 could you talk about that a little bit
MMyntB-dwqc-00724-00148344-00148487 um
MMyntB-dwqc-00725-00148488-00148687 yeah yeah i mean we have uh we're kind
MMyntB-dwqc-00726-00148688-00148902 of we have two things that we're selling
MMyntB-dwqc-00727-00148903-00149007 currently
MMyntB-dwqc-00728-00149008-00149199 one is a traditional visual effects
MMyntB-dwqc-00729-00149200-00149343 service you know like
MMyntB-dwqc-00730-00149344-00149519 where we act as kind of visual a visual
MMyntB-dwqc-00731-00149520-00149711 effects vendor though
MMyntB-dwqc-00732-00149712-00149887 that model even without getting into the
MMyntB-dwqc-00733-00149888-00150126 intricacies of it has a slightly
MMyntB-dwqc-00734-00150127-00150335 disruptive pricing model
MMyntB-dwqc-00735-00150336-00150735 which you know is is has so far has
MMyntB-dwqc-00736-00150736-00150895 gained some acceptance
MMyntB-dwqc-00737-00150896-00151111 and i think as more people start to hear
MMyntB-dwqc-00738-00151112-00151223 about it and understand what we're
MMyntB-dwqc-00739-00151224-00151351 offering in that way
MMyntB-dwqc-00740-00151352-00151526 it will probably accelerate and i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00741-00151527-00151671 there'll be a lot of interest in it
MMyntB-dwqc-00742-00151672-00151902 and and that that pricing structure and
MMyntB-dwqc-00743-00151903-00152031 that model which we're pushing
MMyntB-dwqc-00744-00152032-00152240 certainly is um
MMyntB-dwqc-00745-00152241-00152407 [Music]
MMyntB-dwqc-00746-00152408-00152683 is more i think beneficial to artists
MMyntB-dwqc-00747-00152684-00152951 working and then maybe the historic the
MMyntB-dwqc-00748-00152952-00153126 this the traditional model the other
MMyntB-dwqc-00749-00153127-00153351 thing that we're offering is the cloud
MMyntB-dwqc-00750-00153352-00153687 product so the platform on which we
MMyntB-dwqc-00751-00153688-00153975 we work virtually and have built over
MMyntB-dwqc-00752-00153976-00154102 the past couple of years
MMyntB-dwqc-00753-00154103-00154326 we're selling and licensing to other
MMyntB-dwqc-00754-00154327-00154559 other companies and other individuals
MMyntB-dwqc-00755-00154560-00154831 uh to use so that they can also kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00756-00154832-00155023 work and collaborate remotely and
MMyntB-dwqc-00757-00155024-00155231 anybody that has a need for a really
MMyntB-dwqc-00758-00155232-00155343 powerful computer
MMyntB-dwqc-00759-00155344-00155614 you know setup and then also has the
MMyntB-dwqc-00760-00155615-00155671 need
MMyntB-dwqc-00761-00155672-00155926 to collaborate with other people on
MMyntB-dwqc-00762-00155927-00156102 large amounts of data
MMyntB-dwqc-00763-00156103-00156366 um could benefit and would benefit from
MMyntB-dwqc-00764-00156367-00156566 from our platform
MMyntB-dwqc-00765-00156567-00156854 um and then you know in a third way
MMyntB-dwqc-00766-00156855-00156943 anybody that
MMyntB-dwqc-00767-00156944-00157119 doesn't have the initial capital to
MMyntB-dwqc-00768-00157120-00157295 maybe start up a business like that in a
MMyntB-dwqc-00769-00157296-00157414 traditional model
MMyntB-dwqc-00770-00157415-00157639 this is also you know a route you can
MMyntB-dwqc-00771-00157640-00157759 look at even if you have people working
MMyntB-dwqc-00772-00157760-00158183 in the same building
MMyntB-dwqc-00773-00158184-00158439 and has there been interest in that it's
MMyntB-dwqc-00774-00158440-00158678 just like is that something kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00775-00158679-00158839 a side thing that you're offering does
MMyntB-dwqc-00776-00158840-00159047 he engage the interest in or is that
MMyntB-dwqc-00777-00159048-00159214 yeah i mean it's it's still technically
MMyntB-dwqc-00778-00159215-00159439 in a beta okay there are there's a lot
MMyntB-dwqc-00779-00159440-00159559 of interest in it
MMyntB-dwqc-00780-00159560-00159726 and um you know right now it's just
MMyntB-dwqc-00781-00159727-00159911 about kind of getting out
MMyntB-dwqc-00782-00159912-00160126 the pricing to people so that they that
MMyntB-dwqc-00783-00160127-00160263 they can understand it but we certainly
MMyntB-dwqc-00784-00160264-00160383 have users
MMyntB-dwqc-00785-00160384-00160519 that are paying you know paying
MMyntB-dwqc-00786-00160520-00160711 customers that are using it
MMyntB-dwqc-00787-00160712-00160895 um and and while it's in beta it's
MMyntB-dwqc-00788-00160896-00161047 really only in beta
MMyntB-dwqc-00789-00161048-00161302 not because the product is beta but
MMyntB-dwqc-00790-00161303-00161383 because the
MMyntB-dwqc-00791-00161384-00161543 the way to sell the products beta we're
MMyntB-dwqc-00792-00161544-00161783 still you know trying to figure out
MMyntB-dwqc-00793-00161784-00162023 the best way to sell this service uh to
MMyntB-dwqc-00794-00162024-00162095 people
MMyntB-dwqc-00795-00162096-00162295 like what's the way that makes it the
MMyntB-dwqc-00796-00162296-00162414 easiest for people to
MMyntB-dwqc-00797-00162415-00162678 purchase and start using so that's kind
MMyntB-dwqc-00798-00162679-00162735 of what we're
MMyntB-dwqc-00799-00162736-00162895 what we're exploring in this kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00800-00162896-00163119 data phase cool that is
MMyntB-dwqc-00801-00163120-00163375 yeah that's that's super cool i mean you
MMyntB-dwqc-00802-00163376-00163463 guys
MMyntB-dwqc-00803-00163464-00163726 i don't i mean you probably are aware of
MMyntB-dwqc-00804-00163727-00163790 it but
MMyntB-dwqc-00805-00163791-00163951 just like as somebody from the outside
MMyntB-dwqc-00806-00163952-00164254 looking at like you're doing a number of
MMyntB-dwqc-00807-00164255-00164423 like innovative things kind of all at
MMyntB-dwqc-00808-00164424-00164590 once and uh it's
MMyntB-dwqc-00809-00164591-00164926 it's really cool to see um
MMyntB-dwqc-00810-00164927-00165302 yeah we didn't uh i don't know if it was
MMyntB-dwqc-00811-00165303-00165438 just
MMyntB-dwqc-00812-00165439-00165575 i'm not quite sure how it happened but
MMyntB-dwqc-00813-00165576-00165743 it seems like everything we're doing
MMyntB-dwqc-00814-00165744-00166087 is is in some way breaking the mold um
MMyntB-dwqc-00815-00166088-00166295 in not only visual effects but in you
MMyntB-dwqc-00816-00166296-00166487 know normal capitalist business
MMyntB-dwqc-00817-00166488-00166823 type things as well so um
MMyntB-dwqc-00818-00166824-00167143 yeah we're definitely trying to disrupt
MMyntB-dwqc-00819-00167144-00167375 the industry a little bit and in favor
MMyntB-dwqc-00820-00167376-00167543 of artists because i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00821-00167544-00167831 the the in our industry there's always
MMyntB-dwqc-00822-00167832-00168247 been this sort of um
MMyntB-dwqc-00823-00168248-00168559 stigma that you know even when people
MMyntB-dwqc-00824-00168560-00168711 talk about cg
MMyntB-dwqc-00825-00168712-00169007 they talk about cgi or that was cgi you
MMyntB-dwqc-00826-00169008-00169190 know cg means computer generated well
MMyntB-dwqc-00827-00169191-00169351 none of this stuff is computer generated
MMyntB-dwqc-00828-00169352-00169431 it's all
MMyntB-dwqc-00829-00169432-00169638 artist generated you know like you don't
MMyntB-dwqc-00830-00169639-00169895 say a painting is paintbrush generated
MMyntB-dwqc-00831-00169896-00170014 and so there's there's a there's all
MMyntB-dwqc-00832-00170015-00170302 there's been this stigma behind
MMyntB-dwqc-00833-00170303-00170471 computer generated imagery and visual
MMyntB-dwqc-00834-00170472-00170654 effects that in some some way it's the
MMyntB-dwqc-00835-00170655-00170807 computer doing all the work
MMyntB-dwqc-00836-00170808-00170975 and we're trying to sort of refocus
MMyntB-dwqc-00837-00170976-00171159 everything to to be
MMyntB-dwqc-00838-00171160-00171390 no you're paying for the talent and so
MMyntB-dwqc-00839-00171391-00171599 it's you know our business model for
MMyntB-dwqc-00840-00171600-00171775 visual effects is instead of you paying
MMyntB-dwqc-00841-00171776-00171887 for shots
MMyntB-dwqc-00842-00171888-00172063 which is what the normal way of doing
MMyntB-dwqc-00843-00172064-00172278 things is is you're going to pay
MMyntB-dwqc-00844-00172279-00172463 you're going to pay for that talent and
MMyntB-dwqc-00845-00172464-00172590 so we're trying to sort of change the
MMyntB-dwqc-00846-00172591-00172766 business a little bit and focus it more
MMyntB-dwqc-00847-00172767-00172863 on
MMyntB-dwqc-00848-00172864-00173047 the artists and the people that are
MMyntB-dwqc-00849-00173048-00173247 doing the work rather than
MMyntB-dwqc-00850-00173248-00173535 the outcome of the work so right yeah so
MMyntB-dwqc-00851-00173536-00173711 rather than getting a piece work rate
MMyntB-dwqc-00852-00173712-00173799 you just kind of have
MMyntB-dwqc-00853-00173800-00174135 a set like this is how much we
MMyntB-dwqc-00854-00174136-00174366 you have to pay us to do our thing yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-00855-00174367-00174526 i mean we're selling the talent you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00856-00174527-00174687 we have really talented
MMyntB-dwqc-00857-00174688-00174847 experienced visual effects artists
MMyntB-dwqc-00858-00174848-00174975 working with us that have been doing
MMyntB-dwqc-00859-00174976-00175175 this for years and years
MMyntB-dwqc-00860-00175176-00175495 and so we we are trying to
MMyntB-dwqc-00861-00175496-00175814 sell them and not the output
MMyntB-dwqc-00862-00175815-00176119 that they create and i think
MMyntB-dwqc-00863-00176120-00176471 you know it's uh there's there's a
MMyntB-dwqc-00864-00176472-00176543 couple of
MMyntB-dwqc-00865-00176544-00176863 i think the the main thing that allows
MMyntB-dwqc-00866-00176864-00176966 us to do that
MMyntB-dwqc-00867-00176967-00177175 that hasn't the reason it hasn't been
MMyntB-dwqc-00868-00177176-00177351 done before is what kind of i was
MMyntB-dwqc-00869-00177352-00177526 getting alluding to a little bit earlier
MMyntB-dwqc-00870-00177527-00177607 is
MMyntB-dwqc-00871-00177608-00177871 um to previously do this you needed like
MMyntB-dwqc-00872-00177872-00177926 a big
MMyntB-dwqc-00873-00177927-00178254 investment in technology right and so
MMyntB-dwqc-00874-00178255-00178407 these companies that bought this stuff
MMyntB-dwqc-00875-00178408-00178519 had to then
MMyntB-dwqc-00876-00178520-00178702 try to recoup this you know this
MMyntB-dwqc-00877-00178703-00178911 investment whereas now
MMyntB-dwqc-00878-00178912-00179263 we can kind of um create
MMyntB-dwqc-00879-00179264-00179599 little individual like um teams of
MMyntB-dwqc-00880-00179600-00179671 people
MMyntB-dwqc-00881-00179672-00179878 to go work and just build the whole
MMyntB-dwqc-00882-00179879-00180031 infrastructure quickly digitally and
MMyntB-dwqc-00883-00180032-00180190 virtually
MMyntB-dwqc-00884-00180191-00180559 you know for for for a specific project
MMyntB-dwqc-00885-00180560-00180687 and then when the project's over we can
MMyntB-dwqc-00886-00180688-00180919 kind of close it down there's no like
MMyntB-dwqc-00887-00180920-00181111 need to recapture an enormous investment
MMyntB-dwqc-00888-00181112-00181231 on a specific
MMyntB-dwqc-00889-00181232-00181399 thing it's it's one of the reasons it
MMyntB-dwqc-00890-00181400-00181575 kind of visual effects developed
MMyntB-dwqc-00891-00181576-00181831 in the way that it develops you know as
MMyntB-dwqc-00892-00181832-00182071 it is you know a lot of other
MMyntB-dwqc-00893-00182072-00182254 most other things film and television
MMyntB-dwqc-00894-00182255-00182407 shows like to take a television show for
MMyntB-dwqc-00895-00182408-00182487 example
MMyntB-dwqc-00896-00182488-00182711 they operate you know a specific show
MMyntB-dwqc-00897-00182712-00182926 operates almost as its own individual
MMyntB-dwqc-00898-00182927-00182983 company
MMyntB-dwqc-00899-00182984-00183183 right and they'll hire a director when
MMyntB-dwqc-00900-00183184-00183302 they need a director they'll hire
MMyntB-dwqc-00901-00183303-00183423 a camera person when they need a camera
MMyntB-dwqc-00902-00183424-00183559 person they need a set dress with a
MMyntB-dwqc-00903-00183560-00183719 higher set dresser
MMyntB-dwqc-00904-00183720-00183838 and their only reason they haven't hired
MMyntB-dwqc-00905-00183839-00184038 a visual effects artist previously
MMyntB-dwqc-00906-00184039-00184295 you know to complete the package is
MMyntB-dwqc-00907-00184296-00184431 because that visual effects artist had
MMyntB-dwqc-00908-00184432-00184559 to come with a whole mountain of
MMyntB-dwqc-00909-00184560-00184687 computers
MMyntB-dwqc-00910-00184688-00184911 to like do the work yeah right they
MMyntB-dwqc-00911-00184912-00184999 didn't want to pay for that
MMyntB-dwqc-00912-00185000-00185111 they would pay for that they didn't know
MMyntB-dwqc-00913-00185112-00185214 how to pay for that they didn't even
MMyntB-dwqc-00914-00185215-00185343 know because you know it was
MMyntB-dwqc-00915-00185344-00185559 at one point in the 90s in the early
MMyntB-dwqc-00916-00185560-00185863 2000s this was like
MMyntB-dwqc-00917-00185864-00186087 you know computers were not around like
MMyntB-dwqc-00918-00186088-00186207 the way they are today and yeah like
MMyntB-dwqc-00919-00186208-00186278 your imac
MMyntB-dwqc-00920-00186279-00186478 couldn't pull out visual effects exactly
MMyntB-dwqc-00921-00186479-00186614 yeah yeah yeah now
MMyntB-dwqc-00922-00186615-00186775 you know there was a lot more technology
MMyntB-dwqc-00923-00186776-00186911 that went into doing what we're doing
MMyntB-dwqc-00924-00186912-00187038 back then in terms of like
MMyntB-dwqc-00925-00187039-00187350 you know uh proprietary method methods
MMyntB-dwqc-00926-00187351-00187454 and technologies which
MMyntB-dwqc-00927-00187455-00187614 kind of don't exist anymore so now you
MMyntB-dwqc-00928-00187615-00187911 can really create an autonomous little
MMyntB-dwqc-00929-00187912-00188143 entity of really talented people
MMyntB-dwqc-00930-00188144-00188335 that have access to all these tools on
MMyntB-dwqc-00931-00188336-00188447 demand
MMyntB-dwqc-00932-00188448-00188654 and they can get done the work you know
MMyntB-dwqc-00933-00188655-00188814 for you specifically so
MMyntB-dwqc-00934-00188815-00188983 i think it's kind of a couple of things
MMyntB-dwqc-00935-00188984-00189143 that have led us to this point
MMyntB-dwqc-00936-00189144-00189390 which allow this to this business this
MMyntB-dwqc-00937-00189391-00189519 business model to exist
MMyntB-dwqc-00938-00189520-00189959 really right now and not previously yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-00939-00189960-00190166 johnson we're just trying to get them to
MMyntB-dwqc-00940-00190167-00190278 hire
MMyntB-dwqc-00941-00190279-00190511 talent as they do for other positions
MMyntB-dwqc-00942-00190512-00190638 that they have already you know they
MMyntB-dwqc-00943-00190639-00190750 hire editors
MMyntB-dwqc-00944-00190751-00190983 they hire assistant editors they hire
MMyntB-dwqc-00945-00190984-00191183 dps they hire grips
MMyntB-dwqc-00946-00191184-00191438 so you know we're just trying to sort of
MMyntB-dwqc-00947-00191439-00191614 make our model fit that model
MMyntB-dwqc-00948-00191615-00191823 you know and provide a way for that to
MMyntB-dwqc-00949-00191824-00191999 happen yeah right
MMyntB-dwqc-00950-00192000-00192302 yeah yeah um and and in a better way
MMyntB-dwqc-00951-00192303-00192559 because i mean ideally you you know get
MMyntB-dwqc-00952-00192560-00192702 the
MMyntB-dwqc-00953-00192703-00192959 that same kind of salary structure um
MMyntB-dwqc-00954-00192960-00193207 but you're working for yourselves right
MMyntB-dwqc-00955-00193208-00193438 yeah and a co-op which gets to my next
MMyntB-dwqc-00956-00193439-00193519 kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-00957-00193520-00193695 question which is just a little bit
MMyntB-dwqc-00958-00193696-00193823 about how you guys
MMyntB-dwqc-00959-00193824-00194207 uh you know do your decision making how
MMyntB-dwqc-00960-00194208-00194254 much
MMyntB-dwqc-00961-00194255-00194438 uh collective decision making you you
MMyntB-dwqc-00962-00194439-00194566 know you
MMyntB-dwqc-00963-00194567-00194743 you need to do or is you know most of
MMyntB-dwqc-00964-00194744-00194887 the
MMyntB-dwqc-00965-00194888-00195047 the decisions being made and like
MMyntB-dwqc-00966-00195048-00195199 whoever is working on this particular
MMyntB-dwqc-00967-00195200-00195366 project and just kind of talk about your
MMyntB-dwqc-00968-00195367-00195495 management a little bit
MMyntB-dwqc-00969-00195496-00195654 one more point to that last thing before
MMyntB-dwqc-00970-00195655-00195775 i forget about it that i think is
MMyntB-dwqc-00971-00195776-00195831 important
MMyntB-dwqc-00972-00195832-00196159 um you also
MMyntB-dwqc-00973-00196160-00196366 along with this i think there's the
MMyntB-dwqc-00974-00196367-00196471 potential to
MMyntB-dwqc-00975-00196472-00196678 to really increase the quality of what
MMyntB-dwqc-00976-00196679-00196831 you're seeing across the board
MMyntB-dwqc-00977-00196832-00196983 not that i mean there's a lot of really
MMyntB-dwqc-00978-00196984-00197166 high-end great-looking stuff now
MMyntB-dwqc-00979-00197167-00197431 out there but if you look at the current
MMyntB-dwqc-00980-00197432-00197599 model it's kind of set up to
MMyntB-dwqc-00981-00197600-00197854 these companies really realistically
MMyntB-dwqc-00982-00197855-00198038 from a business standpoint
MMyntB-dwqc-00983-00198039-00198302 are trying to deliver the least product
MMyntB-dwqc-00984-00198303-00198463 and charge the most amount of money
MMyntB-dwqc-00985-00198464-00198775 right and this is capitalism yeah i mean
MMyntB-dwqc-00986-00198776-00198831 and
MMyntB-dwqc-00987-00198832-00198999 you know it just is what it is it's how
MMyntB-dwqc-00988-00199000-00199143 that's how they make their money right
MMyntB-dwqc-00989-00199144-00199366 so and this model really allows the
MMyntB-dwqc-00990-00199367-00199526 client that's paying for this
MMyntB-dwqc-00991-00199527-00199759 to choose more directly where they're
MMyntB-dwqc-00992-00199760-00199983 spending their money so that they can
MMyntB-dwqc-00993-00199984-00200166 you know identify places where the money
MMyntB-dwqc-00994-00200167-00200311 should be spent and where it doesn't
MMyntB-dwqc-00995-00200312-00200438 need to be spent
MMyntB-dwqc-00996-00200439-00200631 and it kind of allows them to make those
MMyntB-dwqc-00997-00200632-00200743 decisions so i think there's
MMyntB-dwqc-00998-00200744-00200919 a chance that this business model will
MMyntB-dwqc-00999-00200920-00201175 also in the end
MMyntB-dwqc-01000-00201176-00201614 lead to higher quality content because
MMyntB-dwqc-01001-00201615-00201759 you know you can divert some of that
MMyntB-dwqc-01002-00201760-00201887 money to specific areas where it's
MMyntB-dwqc-01003-00201888-00201959 really important
MMyntB-dwqc-01004-00201960-00202295 important to the storytelling aspect so
MMyntB-dwqc-01005-00202296-00202511 anyway sorry we'll we'll get on with
MMyntB-dwqc-01006-00202512-00202647 your your the next point the
MMyntB-dwqc-01007-00202648-00202743 decision-making thing
MMyntB-dwqc-01008-00202744-00202999 anthony if you want to take that yeah so
MMyntB-dwqc-01009-00203000-00203063 we're
MMyntB-dwqc-01010-00203064-00203423 you know our bylaws we've organized
MMyntB-dwqc-01011-00203424-00203678 you know we have a board of directors um
MMyntB-dwqc-01012-00203679-00203783 right now the board
MMyntB-dwqc-01013-00203784-00204111 is the five founding members
MMyntB-dwqc-01014-00204112-00204375 but now that we have our sixth member we
MMyntB-dwqc-01015-00204376-00204559 will have an election
MMyntB-dwqc-01016-00204560-00204886 in uh june or july we'll have
MMyntB-dwqc-01017-00204887-00205206 our first election in july um to
MMyntB-dwqc-01018-00205207-00205366 you know elect the new board members now
MMyntB-dwqc-01019-00205367-00205534 there's only six of us so you know one
MMyntB-dwqc-01020-00205535-00205710 person's still gonna get left out
MMyntB-dwqc-01021-00205711-00205966 but uh you know we basically organized
MMyntB-dwqc-01022-00205967-00206023 in a way
MMyntB-dwqc-01023-00206023-00206406 where um you know the workers will elect
MMyntB-dwqc-01024-00206407-00206542 the board and the board
MMyntB-dwqc-01025-00206544-00206751 makes the high-level decisions you know
MMyntB-dwqc-01026-00206752-00206942 the board for instance would hire
MMyntB-dwqc-01027-00206944-00207238 you know the ceo john and you know sort
MMyntB-dwqc-01028-00207239-00207262 of
MMyntB-dwqc-01029-00207263-00207631 empower him with the uh the ability to
MMyntB-dwqc-01030-00207632-00207686 make
MMyntB-dwqc-01031-00207687-00207862 you know decisions for the company so
MMyntB-dwqc-01032-00207863-00208079 that's really that's our structure
MMyntB-dwqc-01033-00208080-00208303 um because i think we're looking ahead
MMyntB-dwqc-01034-00208304-00208519 and hoping that we will
MMyntB-dwqc-01035-00208519-00208775 get larger and so i think we decided
MMyntB-dwqc-01036-00208776-00208879 that instead of just
MMyntB-dwqc-01037-00208880-00209031 deciding on everything collectively that
MMyntB-dwqc-01038-00209032-00209271 would kind of muddy the waters a little
MMyntB-dwqc-01039-00209271-00209303 bit
MMyntB-dwqc-01040-00209304-00209510 and make decisions hard to make and so
MMyntB-dwqc-01041-00209511-00209694 we we decided to go for this sort of
MMyntB-dwqc-01042-00209696-00209871 board structure and so
MMyntB-dwqc-01043-00209871-00210071 um i think in our bylaws we have five
MMyntB-dwqc-01044-00210071-00210287 now the board can expand itself
MMyntB-dwqc-01045-00210288-00210606 up to nine members and i think our plan
MMyntB-dwqc-01046-00210607-00210791 is really just to expand
MMyntB-dwqc-01047-00210792-00211006 you know to odd numbers only so there's
MMyntB-dwqc-01048-00211007-00211103 never a
MMyntB-dwqc-01049-00211104-00211279 tie in the board or anything like that
MMyntB-dwqc-01050-00211280-00211431 and we also have the ability to bring in
MMyntB-dwqc-01051-00211432-00211542 outside directors
MMyntB-dwqc-01052-00211544-00211767 if we if we feel that that's necessary
MMyntB-dwqc-01053-00211767-00211887 um
MMyntB-dwqc-01054-00211888-00212223 you know and we and we also have a um
MMyntB-dwqc-01055-00212223-00212598 a structure in our bylaws for um
MMyntB-dwqc-01056-00212600-00212815 for outside investors kind of like equal
MMyntB-dwqc-01057-00212816-00213039 exchange we kind of modeled our bylaws
MMyntB-dwqc-01058-00213040-00213110 after
MMyntB-dwqc-01059-00213111-00213287 a lot of what equal exchange exchange
MMyntB-dwqc-01060-00213288-00213542 had done so we have preferred membership
MMyntB-dwqc-01061-00213544-00213831 um written into our bylaws so people can
MMyntB-dwqc-01062-00213832-00213894 invest
MMyntB-dwqc-01063-00213896-00214094 you know without voting but they can
MMyntB-dwqc-01064-00214096-00214231 have some
MMyntB-dwqc-01065-00214232-00214415 capital investment in the business and
MMyntB-dwqc-01066-00214416-00214591 get dividends based on that
MMyntB-dwqc-01067-00214592-00214863 um yeah and then we i think we have room
MMyntB-dwqc-01068-00214864-00214982 on the board for them to have
MMyntB-dwqc-01069-00214983-00215191 a representative if they want on the
MMyntB-dwqc-01070-00215192-00215446 board as well
MMyntB-dwqc-01071-00215448-00215775 um yeah i know if i was one of your
MMyntB-dwqc-01072-00215776-00215927 your six members in the election was
MMyntB-dwqc-01073-00215928-00216119 coming up i would be running hard to be
MMyntB-dwqc-01074-00216119-00216263 the the one guy who doesn't have to show
MMyntB-dwqc-01075-00216264-00216381 up to board meetings
MMyntB-dwqc-01076-00216382-00216687 [Laughter]
MMyntB-dwqc-01077-00216688-00216887 um there's no extra pay for board
MMyntB-dwqc-01078-00216888-00217031 members so yeah just
MMyntB-dwqc-01079-00217032-00217206 do it because you want to do it that's
MMyntB-dwqc-01080-00217207-00217367 your company
MMyntB-dwqc-01081-00217367-00217734 um so you guys have been
MMyntB-dwqc-01082-00217735-00218079 officially in this form of nexus
MMyntB-dwqc-01083-00218080-00218382 now for about nine months have you done
MMyntB-dwqc-01084-00218383-00218510 much work in that
MMyntB-dwqc-01085-00218511-00218839 period of time yet or have you getting
MMyntB-dwqc-01086-00218840-00218975 contracts and
MMyntB-dwqc-01087-00218976-00219271 doing jobs we did um it's online on
MMyntB-dwqc-01088-00219271-00219406 youtube and like we can send you a link
MMyntB-dwqc-01089-00219407-00219631 to it so you can see it but we did
MMyntB-dwqc-01090-00219632-00219982 we worked with a video game company
MMyntB-dwqc-01091-00219983-00220223 called studio wild card that developed a
MMyntB-dwqc-01092-00220223-00220367 game
MMyntB-dwqc-01093-00220367-00220719 called arc
MMyntB-dwqc-01094-00220719-00221063 that they're developing a sequel for
MMyntB-dwqc-01095-00221064-00221367 and we we helped produce the the sequel
MMyntB-dwqc-01096-00221367-00221510 there's a like a digital double
MMyntB-dwqc-01097-00221511-00221839 in that of uh vin diesel and uh so it's
MMyntB-dwqc-01098-00221840-00221903 like a full
MMyntB-dwqc-01099-00221904-00222151 basically four minute short fully cg
MMyntB-dwqc-01100-00222152-00222255 film
MMyntB-dwqc-01101-00222256-00222439 that we can send you the link to which
MMyntB-dwqc-01102-00222440-00222582 is kind of the biggest thing
MMyntB-dwqc-01103-00222583-00222719 the big thing that we worked on last
MMyntB-dwqc-01104-00222719-00222903 year and you know
MMyntB-dwqc-01105-00222904-00223119 at one point we had 30 some people
MMyntB-dwqc-01106-00223119-00223263 working you know collaborating on our
MMyntB-dwqc-01107-00223264-00223439 platform working on that
MMyntB-dwqc-01108-00223440-00223615 um and that's kind of where a lot of
MMyntB-dwqc-01109-00223616-00223758 people that you know
MMyntB-dwqc-01110-00223759-00223982 that are getting close to that six month
MMyntB-dwqc-01111-00223983-00224191 uh a thousand hour thing or
MMyntB-dwqc-01112-00224192-00224463 came from from that starting and then
MMyntB-dwqc-01113-00224464-00224567 we've been able to you know just
MMyntB-dwqc-01114-00224567-00224679 continue on
MMyntB-dwqc-01115-00224680-00225063 we're also working on um some episodics
MMyntB-dwqc-01116-00225064-00225319 uh for streaming services out there so
MMyntB-dwqc-01117-00225319-00225455 you'll you know you'll see our
MMyntB-dwqc-01118-00225456-00225863 our work on london on a television show
MMyntB-dwqc-01119-00225864-00226015 on one of your streaming services
MMyntB-dwqc-01120-00226016-00226310 in the near future yeah when it comes
MMyntB-dwqc-01121-00226311-00226358 out we'll
MMyntB-dwqc-01122-00226359-00226631 we'll be able to can't count right yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-01123-00226632-00226751 but yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-01124-00226752-00227182 yeah um yeah so the
MMyntB-dwqc-01125-00227183-00227415 so on your website and it's got the like
MMyntB-dwqc-01126-00227416-00227519 worked on
MMyntB-dwqc-01127-00227519-00227758 the following movies and the big list of
MMyntB-dwqc-01128-00227759-00227927 all the blockbusters that's
MMyntB-dwqc-01129-00227928-00228127 stuff you worked on that your people who
MMyntB-dwqc-01130-00228128-00228294 are working with you now have worked on
MMyntB-dwqc-01131-00228296-00228503 previously right that's like a legacy
MMyntB-dwqc-01132-00228504-00228631 reel yeah so okay
MMyntB-dwqc-01133-00228632-00228775 people that we've worked the people that
MMyntB-dwqc-01134-00228776-00228934 are part of the company now
MMyntB-dwqc-01135-00228935-00229079 that's a sample of work that they've
MMyntB-dwqc-01136-00229080-00229294 done over their careers basically
MMyntB-dwqc-01137-00229296-00229534 so it's like it's my work it's frank
MMyntB-dwqc-01138-00229535-00229775 who's another member it's just members
MMyntB-dwqc-01139-00229776-00230046 so it's myself and frank and robin and
MMyntB-dwqc-01140-00230048-00230206 donald so we're all
MMyntB-dwqc-01141-00230207-00230327 artists that have been working in the
MMyntB-dwqc-01142-00230328-00230510 business a while so it's a sort of an
MMyntB-dwqc-01143-00230511-00230631 amalgamation of our
MMyntB-dwqc-01144-00230632-00230871 our past work is what that real is nice
MMyntB-dwqc-01145-00230871-00230942 okay
MMyntB-dwqc-01146-00230944-00231127 um i just wanted to know if i could you
MMyntB-dwqc-01147-00231128-00231255 know be
MMyntB-dwqc-01148-00231256-00231446 bragging to people like a worker co-op
MMyntB-dwqc-01149-00231448-00231655 did that cool star wars i know we didn't
MMyntB-dwqc-01150-00231656-00231694 actually
MMyntB-dwqc-01151-00231696-00231967 do that i have to wait a couple of years
MMyntB-dwqc-01152-00231967-00232071 until i can
MMyntB-dwqc-01153-00232071-00232398 uh yeah exactly you can have it you can
MMyntB-dwqc-01154-00232400-00232503 show the arc thing
MMyntB-dwqc-01155-00232504-00232687 and uh in a couple of months we'll be
MMyntB-dwqc-01156-00232688-00232823 able to show some work that we did
MMyntB-dwqc-01157-00232823-00233134 for this television show you know that
MMyntB-dwqc-01158-00233135-00233255 that business is kind of just
MMyntB-dwqc-01159-00233256-00233439 up and up and going now so i think you
MMyntB-dwqc-01160-00233440-00233558 know there'll be a lot of these shows
MMyntB-dwqc-01161-00233559-00233639 that come out
MMyntB-dwqc-01162-00233640-00234063 now every every year so
MMyntB-dwqc-01163-00234064-00234367 cool so i don't know is there anything
MMyntB-dwqc-01164-00234367-00234439 what did i
MMyntB-dwqc-01165-00234440-00234591 what should i have asked you about that
MMyntB-dwqc-01166-00234592-00234975 i didn't ask you about
MMyntB-dwqc-01167-00234976-00235406 we do um you know we
MMyntB-dwqc-01168-00235407-00235727 so we decided to kind of take
MMyntB-dwqc-01169-00235728-00235951 uh you know the seven cooperative
MMyntB-dwqc-01170-00235952-00236175 principles and we kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-01171-00236176-00236406 um we kind of made them our own i think
MMyntB-dwqc-01172-00236407-00236527 we actually have ten
MMyntB-dwqc-01173-00236528-00236694 if i remember correctly they're on our
MMyntB-dwqc-01174-00236696-00236967 website um
MMyntB-dwqc-01175-00236967-00237198 so that's something that you know we
MMyntB-dwqc-01176-00237200-00237382 kind of added to them and subtracted
MMyntB-dwqc-01177-00237383-00237494 from them you know one of the things
MMyntB-dwqc-01178-00237496-00237582 that's in the seven
MMyntB-dwqc-01179-00237583-00237846 principles which i'm not you know not
MMyntB-dwqc-01180-00237848-00238006 saying is bad but it didn't really fit
MMyntB-dwqc-01181-00238007-00238103 our model
MMyntB-dwqc-01182-00238104-00238406 was this idea of like local community
MMyntB-dwqc-01183-00238407-00238727 um and because we're all remote
MMyntB-dwqc-01184-00238728-00238991 it's hard to really for that to really
MMyntB-dwqc-01185-00238992-00239110 make sense for our
MMyntB-dwqc-01186-00239111-00239319 for our model um you know we think of
MMyntB-dwqc-01187-00239319-00239439 our community as
MMyntB-dwqc-01188-00239440-00239639 like the visual effects artists
MMyntB-dwqc-01189-00239640-00239782 community like that's
MMyntB-dwqc-01190-00239783-00239967 that's our community our community's you
MMyntB-dwqc-01191-00239967-00240182 know not all located in one
MMyntB-dwqc-01192-00240183-00240463 in one spot so you know our our
MMyntB-dwqc-01193-00240464-00240591 cooperative principles are
MMyntB-dwqc-01194-00240592-00240782 maybe a little bit different than you
MMyntB-dwqc-01195-00240783-00240951 know just adopting the normal seven that
MMyntB-dwqc-01196-00240952-00241119 everyone adopts out there
MMyntB-dwqc-01197-00241119-00241479 um but you know we do try and uh
MMyntB-dwqc-01198-00241480-00241630 one of our principles is to you know
MMyntB-dwqc-01199-00241631-00241871 work with other co-ops whenever possible
MMyntB-dwqc-01200-00241871-00242206 we our accountants are a cooperative
MMyntB-dwqc-01201-00242207-00242415 key figures out of austin is who does
MMyntB-dwqc-01202-00242416-00242598 all our accounting
MMyntB-dwqc-01203-00242600-00242910 um so we've tried to you know wherever
MMyntB-dwqc-01204-00242911-00242991 we can we're
MMyntB-dwqc-01205-00242992-00243094 going to try and work with other
MMyntB-dwqc-01206-00243096-00243406 cooperatives um
MMyntB-dwqc-01207-00243407-00243615 what else we could give a shout out to
MMyntB-dwqc-01208-00243616-00243751 jenny casan who's our
MMyntB-dwqc-01209-00243752-00244079 lawyer she's out of um um
MMyntB-dwqc-01210-00244080-00244319 is she in berkeley she's somewhere over
MMyntB-dwqc-01211-00244319-00244503 there in berkeley yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-01212-00244504-00244727 yeah somewhere out there but she's she's
MMyntB-dwqc-01213-00244728-00244903 been great and she helped us with our
MMyntB-dwqc-01214-00244904-00244967 bylaws
MMyntB-dwqc-01215-00244967-00245319 and uh did a fantastic job um
MMyntB-dwqc-01216-00245319-00245655 yeah i don't know john anything else
MMyntB-dwqc-01217-00245656-00245967 um no i think i think in general a lot
MMyntB-dwqc-01218-00245967-00246198 of us have kind of the same
MMyntB-dwqc-01219-00246200-00246446 the same you know motivations and i
MMyntB-dwqc-01220-00246448-00246542 think
MMyntB-dwqc-01221-00246544-00246903 i think part of moving moving back
MMyntB-dwqc-01222-00246904-00247039 i you know i kind of grew up in
MMyntB-dwqc-01223-00247040-00247271 cincinnati and uh my wife and i live in
MMyntB-dwqc-01224-00247271-00247423 a small city here
MMyntB-dwqc-01225-00247423-00247598 kind of surrounded by the proper the
MMyntB-dwqc-01226-00247600-00247767 city proper cincinnati
MMyntB-dwqc-01227-00247767-00248039 you know called wyoming which is a small
MMyntB-dwqc-01228-00248040-00248175 small community has a very small
MMyntB-dwqc-01229-00248176-00248342 community feel to it
MMyntB-dwqc-01230-00248344-00248663 and you know i also
MMyntB-dwqc-01231-00248664-00248958 like work as a firefighter for the city
MMyntB-dwqc-01232-00248959-00249071 of cincinnati
MMyntB-dwqc-01233-00249071-00249263 so these are all like things that i do
MMyntB-dwqc-01234-00249264-00249446 that i get you know a lot of enjoyment
MMyntB-dwqc-01235-00249448-00249542 out of and i think
MMyntB-dwqc-01236-00249544-00249694 kind of taking that to like the
MMyntB-dwqc-01237-00249696-00249855 professional world
MMyntB-dwqc-01238-00249856-00250030 and working as a community and granted
MMyntB-dwqc-01239-00250031-00250206 we're not in the same community we don't
MMyntB-dwqc-01240-00250207-00250351 live in the same place but it certainly
MMyntB-dwqc-01241-00250352-00250534 is like a
MMyntB-dwqc-01242-00250535-00250806 visual effects you know community and we
MMyntB-dwqc-01243-00250807-00250927 we all came and
MMyntB-dwqc-01244-00250928-00251127 know kind of the same world i think this
MMyntB-dwqc-01245-00251128-00251294 is just a way for us to work together
MMyntB-dwqc-01246-00251296-00251487 for for the benefit of all of us
MMyntB-dwqc-01247-00251488-00251815 you know and um i think that's that's
MMyntB-dwqc-01248-00251816-00251903 kind of important
MMyntB-dwqc-01249-00251904-00252167 i think you know outside the drive for
MMyntB-dwqc-01250-00252167-00252351 just sheer profit there's other things
MMyntB-dwqc-01251-00252352-00252558 that are important in the world
MMyntB-dwqc-01252-00252559-00252710 and i think that a lot of the
MMyntB-dwqc-01253-00252711-00252958 traditional business structures
MMyntB-dwqc-01254-00252959-00253310 don't really allow for having that as a
MMyntB-dwqc-01255-00253311-00253527 level of importance you know i think
MMyntB-dwqc-01256-00253528-00253710 the cooperative structure allows us to
MMyntB-dwqc-01257-00253711-00253919 identify what's important to us
MMyntB-dwqc-01258-00253919-00254215 and and make sure that we focus on uh
MMyntB-dwqc-01259-00254216-00254398 accomplishing or abiding by or
MMyntB-dwqc-01260-00254400-00254687 doing whatever to to make sure that
MMyntB-dwqc-01261-00254688-00254734 those things
MMyntB-dwqc-01262-00254735-00254894 are important stay important and we're
MMyntB-dwqc-01263-00254896-00255071 not just out there to
MMyntB-dwqc-01264-00255071-00255471 to make money and and walk away you know
MMyntB-dwqc-01265-00255471-00255679 you know our mission statement you know
MMyntB-dwqc-01266-00255680-00256006 is really
MMyntB-dwqc-01267-00256007-00256327 is really focused on the workers and
MMyntB-dwqc-01268-00256328-00256519 sustainability that's really kind of our
MMyntB-dwqc-01269-00256519-00256630 thing because i felt like
MMyntB-dwqc-01270-00256631-00256894 for a long time in visual effects for
MMyntB-dwqc-01271-00256896-00257015 for a lot of people it hasn't been a
MMyntB-dwqc-01272-00257016-00257110 sustainable
MMyntB-dwqc-01273-00257111-00257271 industry you know you you go from
MMyntB-dwqc-01274-00257271-00257510 project to project
MMyntB-dwqc-01275-00257511-00257687 sometimes you'll get offered health
MMyntB-dwqc-01276-00257688-00257991 insurance most times you won't
MMyntB-dwqc-01277-00257992-00258223 you know if you're in the u.s so you
MMyntB-dwqc-01278-00258223-00258423 know you have to
MMyntB-dwqc-01279-00258423-00258558 you know either figure out your own
MMyntB-dwqc-01280-00258559-00258742 health insurance thing or start and stop
MMyntB-dwqc-01281-00258744-00258855 and
MMyntB-dwqc-01282-00258856-00258998 so what we're trying to do too one of
MMyntB-dwqc-01283-00259000-00259158 the big things is as soon as we were
MMyntB-dwqc-01284-00259159-00259206 able to
MMyntB-dwqc-01285-00259207-00259391 which was like literally in our first
MMyntB-dwqc-01286-00259392-00259567 year we
MMyntB-dwqc-01287-00259567-00259919 we offer health insurance and benefits
MMyntB-dwqc-01288-00259919-00259975 to our
MMyntB-dwqc-01289-00259976-00260206 our members so as soon as you become a
MMyntB-dwqc-01290-00260207-00260430 member you have access to
MMyntB-dwqc-01291-00260431-00260655 all of our benefits so that was
MMyntB-dwqc-01292-00260656-00260767 something that was really important to
MMyntB-dwqc-01293-00260767-00260855 us and that we
MMyntB-dwqc-01294-00260856-00261094 you know without delay we did as soon as
MMyntB-dwqc-01295-00261096-00261215 we could
MMyntB-dwqc-01296-00261216-00261334 and we're just going to continue to
MMyntB-dwqc-01297-00261335-00261567 offer i think more benefits as the
MMyntB-dwqc-01298-00261567-00261679 workers
MMyntB-dwqc-01299-00261680-00262006 want them you know yeah yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-01300-00262007-00262215 that's great do you want to mention
MMyntB-dwqc-01301-00262216-00262367 canada at all john
MMyntB-dwqc-01302-00262368-00262495 yeah so that was the other thing you
MMyntB-dwqc-01303-00262496-00262695 know there's a lot of um
MMyntB-dwqc-01304-00262696-00262919 you know a lot of this business did
MMyntB-dwqc-01305-00262920-00263103 expand to in canada
MMyntB-dwqc-01306-00263104-00263391 to canada because of certain incentives
MMyntB-dwqc-01307-00263392-00263519 there
MMyntB-dwqc-01308-00263520-00263847 now you know some of that a lot of that
MMyntB-dwqc-01309-00263848-00264182 population is is kind of imported um to
MMyntB-dwqc-01310-00264183-00264455 a degree from kind of all over the world
MMyntB-dwqc-01311-00264456-00264703 and you know some of it obviously and a
MMyntB-dwqc-01312-00264704-00264799 lot of it has now been
MMyntB-dwqc-01313-00264800-00264958 developed kind of locally you know i
MMyntB-dwqc-01314-00264959-00265151 think since the early
MMyntB-dwqc-01315-00265152-00265471 2000s mid 2000s um you know
MMyntB-dwqc-01316-00265472-00265582 a lot of these little schools have
MMyntB-dwqc-01317-00265583-00265775 popped up to teach kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-01318-00265776-00265910 what it is we do and then a lot of
MMyntB-dwqc-01319-00265911-00266158 people came into it came to there
MMyntB-dwqc-01320-00266159-00266415 you know at one point it was certainly
MMyntB-dwqc-01321-00266416-00266575 like a lot of the technical stuff was
MMyntB-dwqc-01322-00266576-00266806 figured out in los angeles or in the u.s
MMyntB-dwqc-01323-00266807-00267110 and then like the nitty-gritty like get
MMyntB-dwqc-01324-00267111-00267167 it get in
MMyntB-dwqc-01325-00267168-00267358 into the weeds doing the actual work
MMyntB-dwqc-01326-00267359-00267534 some of it that that's the work that was
MMyntB-dwqc-01327-00267535-00267727 initially shipped to canada
MMyntB-dwqc-01328-00267728-00267951 and now over the past you know 10 10
MMyntB-dwqc-01329-00267952-00268063 years basically 10
MMyntB-dwqc-01330-00268064-00268463 20 10 20 years now almost
MMyntB-dwqc-01331-00268464-00268687 canada has a lot of that just natural
MMyntB-dwqc-01332-00268688-00268791 talent that
MMyntB-dwqc-01333-00268792-00268967 came out of canada and has learned and
MMyntB-dwqc-01334-00268968-00269087 continued to develop and they're like
MMyntB-dwqc-01335-00269088-00269230 you know equally
MMyntB-dwqc-01336-00269231-00269487 equally as capable of doing high-end
MMyntB-dwqc-01337-00269488-00269663 visual effects work that anybody in los
MMyntB-dwqc-01338-00269664-00269727 angeles
MMyntB-dwqc-01339-00269728-00270063 is certainly and um
MMyntB-dwqc-01340-00270064-00270271 you know i think we've structured our
MMyntB-dwqc-01341-00270272-00270447 bylaws to allow for
MMyntB-dwqc-01342-00270448-00270679 membership anywhere basically on the
MMyntB-dwqc-01343-00270680-00270767 planet
MMyntB-dwqc-01344-00270768-00271030 the most natural extension next for us
MMyntB-dwqc-01345-00271031-00271095 will be
MMyntB-dwqc-01346-00271096-00271310 canada and we've kind of already
MMyntB-dwqc-01347-00271311-00271551 explored some of that
MMyntB-dwqc-01348-00271552-00271687 some of those kind of possibilities
MMyntB-dwqc-01349-00271688-00271806 working with people that i had worked
MMyntB-dwqc-01350-00271807-00271943 with in vancouver
MMyntB-dwqc-01351-00271944-00272206 uh before to to see one kind of what the
MMyntB-dwqc-01352-00272207-00272447 interest level there is among
MMyntB-dwqc-01353-00272448-00272655 individuals and talent you know or would
MMyntB-dwqc-01354-00272656-00272775 somebody be interested in joining a
MMyntB-dwqc-01355-00272776-00272895 cooperative
MMyntB-dwqc-01356-00272896-00273119 and then two how do you logistically do
MMyntB-dwqc-01357-00273120-00273303 that from a business and a financial
MMyntB-dwqc-01358-00273304-00273487 standpoint with the international border
MMyntB-dwqc-01359-00273488-00273639 and i think anything that we can do to
MMyntB-dwqc-01360-00273640-00273815 make the international border and the
MMyntB-dwqc-01361-00273816-00273903 currency different
MMyntB-dwqc-01362-00273904-00274119 as as invisible as possible to the
MMyntB-dwqc-01363-00274120-00274343 artists and allow for a really truly
MMyntB-dwqc-01364-00274344-00274519 collaborative kind of experience of
MMyntB-dwqc-01365-00274520-00274599 people from all
MMyntB-dwqc-01366-00274600-00274934 over the world um you know while still
MMyntB-dwqc-01367-00274935-00275079 being able to take advantage of all
MMyntB-dwqc-01368-00275080-00275191 those business
MMyntB-dwqc-01369-00275192-00275510 uh advantages there are maybe but you
MMyntB-dwqc-01370-00275511-00275639 know maybe for the benefit
MMyntB-dwqc-01371-00275640-00275919 of this group whether they be u.s
MMyntB-dwqc-01372-00275920-00276103 citizens or citizens of the world you
MMyntB-dwqc-01373-00276104-00276230 know it's part of the
MMyntB-dwqc-01374-00276231-00276439 visual effects community and i think
MMyntB-dwqc-01375-00276440-00276799 that also will maybe allow us to be
MMyntB-dwqc-01376-00276800-00276975 a have a little bit of an edge on some
MMyntB-dwqc-01377-00276976-00277143 other people that we're able to
MMyntB-dwqc-01378-00277144-00277399 hire this person from you know whatever
MMyntB-dwqc-01379-00277400-00277558 eastern europe to do this thing that
MMyntB-dwqc-01380-00277559-00277630 this guy that
MMyntB-dwqc-01381-00277631-00277767 you know he's really good at this thing
MMyntB-dwqc-01382-00277768-00277991 or you know this woman from taiwan is
MMyntB-dwqc-01383-00277992-00278103 really good at
MMyntB-dwqc-01384-00278104-00278375 something specific so how do you invite
MMyntB-dwqc-01385-00278376-00278575 her to work alongside you
MMyntB-dwqc-01386-00278576-00278734 like you can do it virtually with our
MMyntB-dwqc-01387-00278735-00278927 platform if i want her to start working
MMyntB-dwqc-01388-00278928-00279030 tomorrow
MMyntB-dwqc-01389-00279031-00279199 i can give her credentials and she can
MMyntB-dwqc-01390-00279200-00279375 log in and start working collaboratively
MMyntB-dwqc-01391-00279376-00279519 on our stuff right away i don't have to
MMyntB-dwqc-01392-00279520-00279727 worry about shipping a computer to her
MMyntB-dwqc-01393-00279728-00279975 house or data back and forth like
MMyntB-dwqc-01394-00279976-00280127 none of that none of there's no
MMyntB-dwqc-01395-00280128-00280327 limitations there the only limitations
MMyntB-dwqc-01396-00280328-00280495 really are figuring out the legalities
MMyntB-dwqc-01397-00280496-00280534 of how
MMyntB-dwqc-01398-00280535-00280782 how to make it how to make it work and
MMyntB-dwqc-01399-00280783-00280871 that's kind of what
MMyntB-dwqc-01400-00280872-00281006 we're doing now with some of these
MMyntB-dwqc-01401-00281007-00281127 people in canada that i've worked with
MMyntB-dwqc-01402-00281128-00281247 before
MMyntB-dwqc-01403-00281248-00281479 we i can't remember the name of their
MMyntB-dwqc-01404-00281480-00281671 federation of canadians yeah it's
MMyntB-dwqc-01405-00281672-00281823 basically like the canadian version of
MMyntB-dwqc-01406-00281824-00282055 the us federation of co-ops like their
MMyntB-dwqc-01407-00282056-00282223 sister entity or whatever we reached out
MMyntB-dwqc-01408-00282224-00282510 to them um because we were looking for
MMyntB-dwqc-01409-00282511-00282767 advice on like how are we you know if we
MMyntB-dwqc-01410-00282768-00282943 were to structure this
MMyntB-dwqc-01411-00282944-00283223 how would it work you know we really uh
MMyntB-dwqc-01412-00283224-00283334 and we're still working on it this is
MMyntB-dwqc-01413-00283335-00283543 not anything that's in progress but
MMyntB-dwqc-01414-00283544-00283655 you know we were trying to figure out
MMyntB-dwqc-01415-00283656-00283839 like how would we make it so that we
MMyntB-dwqc-01416-00283840-00283958 could still have one governance
MMyntB-dwqc-01417-00283959-00284079 structure
MMyntB-dwqc-01418-00284080-00284399 um in place but you know be able to
MMyntB-dwqc-01419-00284400-00284751 hire canadians uh and pay them as if
MMyntB-dwqc-01420-00284752-00284815 they were
MMyntB-dwqc-01421-00284816-00285119 working for a company in canada so um
MMyntB-dwqc-01422-00285120-00285375 it's it's looking like we might be able
MMyntB-dwqc-01423-00285376-00285551 to start up like a
MMyntB-dwqc-01424-00285552-00285879 a subsidiary in canada that would be
MMyntB-dwqc-01425-00285880-00286039 sort of a pass-through entity for
MMyntB-dwqc-01426-00286040-00286367 us so they would still be members
MMyntB-dwqc-01427-00286368-00286615 of our u.s co-op even though they live
MMyntB-dwqc-01428-00286616-00286703 in canada
MMyntB-dwqc-01429-00286704-00286815 and then they would just get paid
MMyntB-dwqc-01430-00286816-00287047 through this subsidiary of
MMyntB-dwqc-01431-00287048-00287287 of us something like that that's kind of
MMyntB-dwqc-01432-00287288-00287447 what we're looking at right now
MMyntB-dwqc-01433-00287448-00287679 right yeah just it's always a matter of
MMyntB-dwqc-01434-00287680-00287823 trying to figure out
MMyntB-dwqc-01435-00287824-00288079 how you can do the thing you want to do
MMyntB-dwqc-01436-00288080-00288158 while
MMyntB-dwqc-01437-00288159-00288334 jumping through all the hoops yeah i
MMyntB-dwqc-01438-00288335-00288510 mean right definitions and
MMyntB-dwqc-01439-00288511-00288654 end of the day we want to support those
MMyntB-dwqc-01440-00288655-00288815 people that we've worked with and that
MMyntB-dwqc-01441-00288816-00288967 are super talented and
MMyntB-dwqc-01442-00288968-00289087 you know we've already got one of them
MMyntB-dwqc-01443-00289088-00289343 working for us now um but just as a
MMyntB-dwqc-01444-00289344-00289639 contractor because there's no really
MMyntB-dwqc-01445-00289640-00289934 legal way for us to pay him as like a
MMyntB-dwqc-01446-00289935-00290143 what's the what's the canadian
MMyntB-dwqc-01447-00290144-00290463 w-2 equivalent it's like a t4 p4
MMyntB-dwqc-01448-00290464-00290663 there's no there's no way for us to fame
MMyntB-dwqc-01449-00290664-00290791 as a t4 employee
MMyntB-dwqc-01450-00290792-00290958 at the moment and there there's a
MMyntB-dwqc-01451-00290959-00291127 there's a lot of i think in general it
MMyntB-dwqc-01452-00291128-00291391 seems like they're just theoretically
MMyntB-dwqc-01453-00291392-00291527 there's a lot of support for what we're
MMyntB-dwqc-01454-00291528-00291630 doing you know a lot of the
MMyntB-dwqc-01455-00291631-00291806 labor laws that exist in these places
MMyntB-dwqc-01456-00291807-00292030 exist to protect workers and i think
MMyntB-dwqc-01457-00292031-00292206 we would certainly meet the minimum
MMyntB-dwqc-01458-00292207-00292334 qualifications are probably trying to
MMyntB-dwqc-01459-00292335-00292471 offer more so
MMyntB-dwqc-01460-00292472-00292654 it's just a matter of like trying to
MMyntB-dwqc-01461-00292655-00292839 figure out the right way to do it
MMyntB-dwqc-01462-00292840-00293223 yeah which is going to be complicated
MMyntB-dwqc-01463-00293224-00293319 but yeah
MMyntB-dwqc-01464-00293320-00293503 we're going to do it we're going to do
MMyntB-dwqc-01465-00293504-00294401 it we're going to do it
MMyntB-dwqc-01466-00294402-00294639 [Music]
MMyntB-dwqc-01467-00294640-00294848 you
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00000-00000035-00000329 when you think about a snake
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00001-00000330-00000599 how do you picture it moving yeah if
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00002-00000600-00000797 you're like most of us you picture it in
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00003-00000798-00001054 an S shape and it's slithering and
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00004-00001055-00001241 moving across the ground or maybe
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00005-00001242-00001445 sometimes swimming on top of the water
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00006-00001446-00001697 maybe you picture it slithering in the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00007-00001698-00002002 sand or maybe even hanging on a tree
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00008-00002003-00002321 branch and most of us don't picture an
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00009-00002322-00002633 s-shaped slithering movement floating
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00010-00002634-00002842 out of the sky
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00011-00002843-00003107 that's right there is an amazing group
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00012-00003108-00003304 of snakes that God designed with the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00013-00003305-00003653 ability to glide through the air these
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00014-00003654-00003935 snakes are known as flying snakes and
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00015-00003936-00004145 they're found in various parts of Asia
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00016-00004146-00004343 and India and a few other places and
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00017-00004344-00004720 let's look at the fabulous flying snake
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00018-00004721-00005129 and discover how it's able to soar first
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00019-00005130-00005381 the snake has special scales and they've
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00020-00005382-00005591 got little ridges on them and these
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00021-00005592-00005938 ridges are known as Keels using its
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00022-00005939-00006281 ridged scales a flying snake can push
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00023-00006282-00006623 against a tree trunk and climb to the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00024-00006623-00006767 highest branches
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00025-00006768-00007163 and when it gets there in this tree very
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00026-00007164-00007396 high up where these snakes spend much of
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00027-00007397-00007745 their time sometimes it wants to go to a
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00028-00007745-00007978 tree or something further away
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00029-00007979-00008285 and so in order to do that it finds a
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00030-00008286-00008531 suitable branch slithers to the end of
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00031-00008532-00008885 it and basically launches itself almost
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00032-00008886-00009257 like jumping off of the limb now once it
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00033-00009258-00009364 is in the air
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00034-00009365-00009683 the flying snake sucks in its belly and
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00035-00009684-00010006 flares out its sights and then it moves
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00036-00010007-00010313 its body back and forth almost like it's
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00037-00010314-00010564 swimming but in midair
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00038-00010565-00010895 so how does this help the snake well it
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00039-00010896-00011081 helps it by drawing the middle of its
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00040-00011082-00011338 body up and spreading out its sides it
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00041-00011339-00011603 forms an air pocket along the underside
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00042-00011604-00011921 of its stomach you can see a similar
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00043-00011922-00012196 design in a flying disc like a frisbee
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00044-00012197-00012485 that has a concave shape where the sides
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00045-00012486-00012724 dip down further than the middle of the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00046-00012725-00012971 disc leaving a lip on the underside of
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00047-00012972-00013229 the edge the slithering Motion in the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00048-00013230-00013469 air well it also helps control airflow
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00049-00013469-00013715 and it helps the snakes control where
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00050-00013716-00013883 they land and if you want to get
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00051-00013884-00014051 technical flying snakes they don't
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00052-00014052-00014308 really fly they can't really gain
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00053-00014309-00014566 altitude actually it would be better if
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00054-00014568-00014758 you called them gliding snakes but
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00055-00014759-00014944 flying snakes is a little more exciting
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00056-00014945-00015215 it just so happens however that when we
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00057-00015216-00015419 talk about them gliding they're very
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00058-00015419-00015749 good gliders even though they don't have
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00059-00015750-00016043 limbs like flying squirrels do they are
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00060-00016044-00016253 more efficient than most all of the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00061-00016254-00016522 flying mammals in fact some flying
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00062-00016523-00016955 snakes can glide as far as 300 feet in
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00063-00016956-00017093 one flight
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00064-00017094-00017357 that is the entire length of a football
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00065-00017358-00017675 field can you imagine seeing a snake
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00066-00017676-00018017 launch itself from a limb on one end of
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00067-00018018-00018311 a football field at the goal line and
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00068-00018312-00018730 end up all the way at the other end
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00069-00018731-00018977 wow that's pretty impressive it's no
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00070-00018978-00019183 wonder we call them flying snakes
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00071-00019184-00019439 because flying snakes are such good
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00072-00019440-00019643 gliders scientists have done lots of
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00073-00019644-00019829 research on their abilities and these
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00074-00019830-00020008 scientists are trying to find how the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00075-00020009-00020380 snakes with no wings can use the air so
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00076-00020381-00020663 well and go so far if we could learn
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00077-00020664-00020933 more about how flying snakes float so
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00078-00020934-00021107 efficiently we could use that knowledge
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00079-00021108-00021347 to build helpful machines or scientists
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00080-00021348-00021557 suggest even maybe robots that would
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00081-00021558-00021886 mimic this ability and as we look at
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00082-00021887-00022144 this amazing design those robots might
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00083-00022145-00022457 help us do certain jobs you see
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00084-00022458-00022685 brilliant men and women they have
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00085-00022686-00022925 studied these flying snakes and they've
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00086-00022926-00023213 studied other aspects of Nature and how
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00087-00023214-00023494 these snakes use their bodies but we
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00088-00023495-00023722 still don't completely understand all
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00089-00023723-00023933 that they're doing and that means that
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00090-00023934-00024203 whoever designed the flying snake is
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00091-00024204-00024514 much more intelligent than we humans who
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00092-00024515-00024863 are studying them we know that God is
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00093-00024864-00025133 the grand designer who created the
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00094-00025134-00025408 universe and we can see a tiny piece of
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00095-00025409-00025547 his awesome design
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00096-00025548-00025918 when we study flying snakes let's always
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00097-00025919-00026122 remember to praise the Creator for all
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00098-00026123-00026483 the super slithery soaring wonders he
MN_0kQwH1Mc-00099-00026483-00026719 has made
MpTXZl2WACI-00000-00000031-00000377 marine world Africa USA was a tourist
MpTXZl2WACI-00001-00000378-00000592 attraction located in Redwood Shores
MpTXZl2WACI-00002-00000593-00000719 California
MpTXZl2WACI-00003-00000720-00001010 the park was named marine world when it
MpTXZl2WACI-00004-00001011-00001551 first opened
MpTXZl2WACI-00005-00001552-00002226 topic origins of the Africa USA name
MpTXZl2WACI-00006-00002227-00002521 there were two successive Africa USA
MpTXZl2WACI-00007-00002522-00002824 parks in California both associated with
MpTXZl2WACI-00008-00002825-00003121 animal trainer Ralph Helfer the first
MpTXZl2WACI-00009-00003122-00003433 Africa USA in California was created in
MpTXZl2WACI-00010-00003434-00003879 1962 as a 600 acre 2.4 square kilometers
MpTXZl2WACI-00011-00003880-00004129 affection training compound by Ralph and
MpTXZl2WACI-00012-00004130-00004211 Tony Hoffer
MpTXZl2WACI-00013-00004212-00004549 it was located in Soledad Canyon near
MpTXZl2WACI-00014-00004550-00004765 Palmdale north of Los Angeles
MpTXZl2WACI-00015-00004766-00005008 Ivan tours first discovered Clarence the
MpTXZl2WACI-00016-00005009-00005290 cross-eyed lion at Africa USA and it
MpTXZl2WACI-00017-00005291-00005511 inspired him to create the film Clarence
MpTXZl2WACI-00018-00005512-00005824 the cross-eyed lion 1965 and the
MpTXZl2WACI-00019-00005825-00006088 spin-off television series Daktari which
MpTXZl2WACI-00020-00006089-00006418 was partly shot on location there Judy
MpTXZl2WACI-00021-00006419-00006658 the chimp another star of the show was
MpTXZl2WACI-00022-00006659-00007015 also owned by Ralph Helfer a few other
MpTXZl2WACI-00023-00007016-00007288 shows such as cowboy in Africa gentle
MpTXZl2WACI-00024-00007289-00007540 Ben as well as an episode of Star Trek
MpTXZl2WACI-00025-00007541-00007681 shore-leave
MpTXZl2WACI-00026-00007681-00007935 were also shot there Helfer was
MpTXZl2WACI-00027-00007936-00008137 providing both the location and the
MpTXZl2WACI-00028-00008138-00008685 animals in January 1969 Africa USA was
MpTXZl2WACI-00029-00008686-00008910 struck by a powerful rainstorm over
MpTXZl2WACI-00030-00008911-00009228 Soledad Canyon the resulting severe
MpTXZl2WACI-00031-00009229-00009430 flooding and mudslides in the canyons
MpTXZl2WACI-00032-00009431-00009667 destroyed the compound but only nine of
MpTXZl2WACI-00033-00009668-00010108 Health as 1500 animals had drowned the
MpTXZl2WACI-00034-00010109-00010446 property was located at 80 237 Soledad
MpTXZl2WACI-00035-00010447-00011031 Canyon Road
MpTXZl2WACI-00036-00011032-00011827 topic marine world Africa USA the marine
MpTXZl2WACI-00037-00011828-00012088 world Africa USA site occupied
MpTXZl2WACI-00038-00012089-00012472 approximately 66 acres 270,000 square
MpTXZl2WACI-00039-00012473-00012712 meters of reclaimed tidelands of San
MpTXZl2WACI-00040-00012713-00012919 Francisco Bay within the confines of
MpTXZl2WACI-00041-00012919-00013237 Redwood City numerous shallow slurs
MpTXZl2WACI-00042-00013238-00013468 which have long been filled in unknown
MpTXZl2WACI-00043-00013469-00013672 to have meandered across the property in
MpTXZl2WACI-00044-00013672-00013975 its natural state the general area of
MpTXZl2WACI-00045-00013976-00014179 the site was dict off from the bay about
MpTXZl2WACI-00046-00014180-00014461 1910 and was used for pasture until
MpTXZl2WACI-00047-00014462-00014766 about 1946 when it was converted to salt
MpTXZl2WACI-00048-00014768-00015157 evaporation ponds earth metrics 1969 the
MpTXZl2WACI-00049-00015158-00015346 site was then cleaned and leveled and
MpTXZl2WACI-00050-00015347-00015799 between 1964 and 1965 received about two
MpTXZl2WACI-00051-00015800-00015886 feet of fill
MpTXZl2WACI-00052-00015887-00016084 construction of marine world took place
MpTXZl2WACI-00053-00016085-00016561 between 1966 and 1968 available
MpTXZl2WACI-00054-00016562-00016768 topographic surveys indicate that
MpTXZl2WACI-00055-00016769-00016975 surcharges of two to three feet were
MpTXZl2WACI-00056-00016976-00017206 placed over some of the old slough areas
MpTXZl2WACI-00057-00017207-00017505 prior to construction of the animal park
MpTXZl2WACI-00058-00017506-00017935 marine world opened in July 1968 the
MpTXZl2WACI-00059-00017936-00018121 park was owned and operated by the
MpTXZl2WACI-00060-00018122-00018472 American Broadcasting Company ralph
MpTXZl2WACI-00061-00018473-00018790 Helfer bought out marine world in 1972
MpTXZl2WACI-00062-00018791-00018967 when it went bankrupt and added a
MpTXZl2WACI-00063-00018968-00019339 wildlife parking jungle theater renaming
MpTXZl2WACI-00064-00019340-00019777 the park as marine world Africa USA the
MpTXZl2WACI-00065-00019778-00020085 park moved in 1986 to Vallejo California
MpTXZl2WACI-00066-00020086-00020397 to eventually become Six Flags marine
MpTXZl2WACI-00067-00020398-00020727 world in 1998 the Redwood Shores
MpTXZl2WACI-00068-00020728-00020959 location of the former marine world
MpTXZl2WACI-00069-00020960-00021268 Africa USA is now occupied by the world
MpTXZl2WACI-00070-00021269-00021718 headquarters of Oracle Corporation a few
MpTXZl2WACI-00071-00021719-00021931 years before the parks acquisition by
MpTXZl2WACI-00072-00021932-00022234 Six Flags a new dinosaur themed area was
MpTXZl2WACI-00073-00022235-00022492 added using animatronic dinosaurs in a
MpTXZl2WACI-00074-00022493-00022810 jungle like exhibit
MOoon2KKpNI-00000-00000003-00000311 hi my name is Detroit Cyrus dongle for
MOoon2KKpNI-00001-00000312-00000599 us I'm an English teacher I am a
MOoon2KKpNI-00002-00000600-00000829 bachelor's degree brevet for hotel and
MOoon2KKpNI-00003-00000830-00001033 research management major in culinary
MOoon2KKpNI-00004-00001034-00001478 arts and I have six years working as an
MOoon2KKpNI-00005-00001479-00001882 ESL teacher I train my students to be
MOoon2KKpNI-00006-00001884-00002231 soon to be leaders and help to improve
MOoon2KKpNI-00007-00002232-00002432 their English ability skills without
MOoon2KKpNI-00008-00002433-00002672 worrying and making it fun and
MOoon2KKpNI-00009-00002673-00003100 interesting I consider myself as a good
MOoon2KKpNI-00010-00003101-00003394 public speaker and a good ESL teacher
MOoon2KKpNI-00011-00003395-00003704 because my students are having a fun
MOoon2KKpNI-00012-00003704-00004063 time in my class best of all they're not
MOoon2KKpNI-00013-00004064-00004288 getting bored because I'm giving them
MOoon2KKpNI-00014-00004289-00004572 facts and trivia that are very helpful
MOoon2KKpNI-00015-00004573-00004931 my hobbies are cooking on collecting
MOoon2KKpNI-00016-00004932-00005279 mountain hiking and beach surfing so
MOoon2KKpNI-00017-00005280-00005591 that's all as a bill Millman I hope I'll
MOoon2KKpNI-00018-00005592-00005854 teach you soon and I'll see you soon we
MOoon2KKpNI-00019-00005855-00006302 have a great and awesome day bye for now
MPWeF3-qWa4-00000-00001653-00002306 I say it's time for supercharged my name
MPWeF3-qWa4-00001-00002307-00002624 is Paul and I'm here to help now welcome
MPWeF3-qWa4-00002-00002625-00002795 to supercharged I'm Paul this is the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00003-00002796-00002984 show where you submit your sites I go
MPWeF3-qWa4-00004-00002985-00003125 through them and I try and find the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00005-00003126-00003272 performance problems and recommend some
MPWeF3-qWa4-00006-00003272-00003556 fixes now today I've got the Guardian I
MPWeF3-qWa4-00007-00003557-00003770 have spoken with them before and I know
MPWeF3-qWa4-00008-00003771-00003917 they actually do a really good job with
MPWeF3-qWa4-00009-00003918-00004151 things like inlining and so on but we're
MPWeF3-qWa4-00010-00004152-00004343 gonna run it through webpagetest anyway
MPWeF3-qWa4-00011-00004344-00004535 first for you only I'm gonna run on
MPWeF3-qWa4-00012-00004536-00004871 mobile 3G with a nexus 5 this time and
MPWeF3-qWa4-00013-00004872-00005486 Chrome by watching paint dry welcome to
MPWeF3-qWa4-00014-00005487-00005800 supercharged I say this taking rather a
MPWeF3-qWa4-00015-00005801-00006082 long time making people wait their turn
MPWeF3-qWa4-00016-00006083-00006374 do you know who I am you'll prioritize
MPWeF3-qWa4-00017-00006375-00006539 me if you know what's good for you so
MPWeF3-qWa4-00018-00006540-00006761 we've got the web page test result which
MPWeF3-qWa4-00019-00006762-00006856 looks good
MPWeF3-qWa4-00020-00006858-00007061 and I tell you what we'll do we'll dive
MPWeF3-qWa4-00021-00007062-00007286 into the filmstrip view because that's
MPWeF3-qWa4-00022-00007287-00007550 always good fun I noticed that the the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00023-00007551-00007742 speed index was about six thousand seven
MPWeF3-qWa4-00024-00007743-00007919 hundred and so I would expect something
MPWeF3-qWa4-00025-00007920-00008173 for like the gold standard to be
MPWeF3-qWa4-00026-00008175-00008496 somewhere around the 3000 mark I mean a
MPWeF3-qWa4-00027-00008497-00008813 give or take now as I scroll to the left
MPWeF3-qWa4-00028-00008814-00008974 we're sort of a blank white screen for
MPWeF3-qWa4-00029-00008975-00009178 about four and a half seconds and then
MPWeF3-qWa4-00030-00009179-00009362 at five seconds we're actually starting
MPWeF3-qWa4-00031-00009363-00009692 to see page content now because we're if
MPWeF3-qWa4-00032-00009693-00009899 we look at the bottom we can see that
MPWeF3-qWa4-00033-00009900-00010085 there's still there HTML and that's
MPWeF3-qWa4-00034-00010086-00010327 coming in and as we get to the end of
MPWeF3-qWa4-00035-00010328-00010544 that we actually start to see render so
MPWeF3-qWa4-00036-00010545-00010808 that means they are in lining styles
MPWeF3-qWa4-00037-00010809-00010924 because the only way we could get to the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00038-00010925-00011120 end of the HTML and start rendering is
MPWeF3-qWa4-00039-00011121-00011320 if there's some inline style so that's a
MPWeF3-qWa4-00040-00011321-00011630 really good thing
MPWeF3-qWa4-00041-00011631-00011977 print CSS now I want a phone I don't
MPWeF3-qWa4-00042-00011978-00012233 expect to print it's a minor thing is
MPWeF3-qWa4-00043-00012234-00012463 extremely minor because it's only 2.9 K
MPWeF3-qWa4-00044-00012464-00012608 but it is a connection that we're making
MPWeF3-qWa4-00045-00012609-00012781 and I wonder whether that needs to be
MPWeF3-qWa4-00046-00012782-00012854 made with us
MPWeF3-qWa4-00047-00012855-00013082 that's throwaway I won't even worry
MPWeF3-qWa4-00048-00013083-00013262 about it you know unless you're worried
MPWeF3-qWa4-00049-00013263-00013427 about it if you're worried about it do
MPWeF3-qWa4-00050-00013428-00013568 something but don't I'm not saying you
MPWeF3-qWa4-00051-00013569-00013813 should worry I'm not worried that HTML
MPWeF3-qWa4-00052-00013815-00014326 does look quite large it's 83 K 83 KS
MPWeF3-qWa4-00053-00014327-00014614 you know even I mean lb gzipped as well
MPWeF3-qWa4-00054-00014615-00014882 so it's a fair amount to be sending down
MPWeF3-qWa4-00055-00014883-00015074 as the initial
MPWeF3-qWa4-00056-00015075-00015413 most of content I I wonder whether it
MPWeF3-qWa4-00057-00015413-00015587 would be better even though they're
MPWeF3-qWa4-00058-00015588-00015763 inline Styles I wonder whether it would
MPWeF3-qWa4-00059-00015765-00015938 be better to actually send down less
MPWeF3-qWa4-00060-00015938-00016216 HTML and then use Ajax to pull things in
MPWeF3-qWa4-00061-00016218-00016436 that might just boost things a tiny
MPWeF3-qWa4-00062-00016437-00016655 amount let's actually have a look at the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00063-00016656-00017123 HTML itself hey they're hiring too bit
MPWeF3-qWa4-00064-00017124-00017330 of an advert in there busted that wide
MPWeF3-qWa4-00065-00017331-00017600 open for you this looks like our inline
MPWeF3-qWa4-00066-00017601-00017764 styles here okay let's grab some of that
MPWeF3-qWa4-00067-00017765-00018050 because I am curious as to how much of
MPWeF3-qWa4-00068-00018051-00018404 inline styling we are seeing ding I'm
MPWeF3-qWa4-00069-00018405-00018572 going to try that again in English I'm
MPWeF3-qWa4-00070-00018573-00018734 wondering how much inline styles were
MPWeF3-qWa4-00071-00018735-00018959 actually seeing so let me grab all this
MPWeF3-qWa4-00072-00018960-00019232 it keeps on going gonna copy that so I'm
MPWeF3-qWa4-00073-00019233-00019385 gonna do is I'm gonna fire up sublime
MPWeF3-qWa4-00074-00019386-00019799 and I'm gonna paste it in let's save
MPWeF3-qWa4-00075-00019800-00020410 that on our desktop as like fyel'd up
MPWeF3-qWa4-00076-00020411-00020648 okay so we got the terminal open so what
MPWeF3-qWa4-00077-00020649-00020843 we'll do is we will go to my desktop
MPWeF3-qWa4-00078-00020844-00021098 where I saved that file and we'll do LS
MPWeF3-qWa4-00079-00021099-00021829 - lah - la for file dot CSS and it is
MPWeF3-qWa4-00080-00021830-00022184 179 Kay of inline styles but that's not
MPWeF3-qWa4-00081-00022185-00022358 fair because what we should do is we
MPWeF3-qWa4-00082-00022359-00022637 should gzip file dot CSS just is okay
MPWeF3-qWa4-00083-00022638-00022787 this is all finger in the air kind of
MPWeF3-qWa4-00084-00022788-00023096 stuff well let's see what we get so LS
MPWeF3-qWa4-00085-00023097-00023300 la and then we'll just tap that up and
MPWeF3-qWa4-00086-00023301-00023494 we'll go okay so it's 22 K when it's
MPWeF3-qWa4-00087-00023495-00023849 gzip so that's still quite small but if
MPWeF3-qWa4-00088-00023850-00023987 you want to get something inside the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00089-00023988-00024179 initial response from a server it's got
MPWeF3-qWa4-00090-00024180-00024440 to be in the first I think 14 K or so to
MPWeF3-qWa4-00091-00024441-00024686 be to account for tcp slow-start and all
MPWeF3-qWa4-00092-00024687-00024881 that good stuff so this is probably
MPWeF3-qWa4-00093-00024882-00025088 quite a large amount of inline styles
MPWeF3-qWa4-00094-00025089-00025241 but we have one other trick up our
MPWeF3-qWa4-00095-00025242-00025436 sleeves here which I will show you now
MPWeF3-qWa4-00096-00025437-00025586 this the credit for this goes to Matt
MPWeF3-qWa4-00097-00025587-00025817 gaunt one of my colleagues he came up
MPWeF3-qWa4-00098-00025818-00025975 with this and it's based off the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00099-00025976-00026239 filament group's load CSS library what
MPWeF3-qWa4-00100-00026241-00026507 what I've got here is a bookmarklet
MPWeF3-qWa4-00101-00026508-00026720 which when I click it is going to switch
MPWeF3-qWa4-00102-00026720-00026918 off any styles that been loaded in
MPWeF3-qWa4-00103-00026919-00027089 remotely and just leave the inline
MPWeF3-qWa4-00104-00027089-00027251 styles what it does is it goes through
MPWeF3-qWa4-00105-00027252-00027540 the style sheets and it switches off the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00106-00027541-00027785 the remote styles by just giving them a
MPWeF3-qWa4-00107-00027786-00028112 media type that is rubbish and there you
MPWeF3-qWa4-00108-00028113-00028343 go so that these don't apply anymore
MPWeF3-qWa4-00109-00028344-00028745 has put it on the ridge so this is what
MPWeF3-qWa4-00110-00028745-00029020 it looks like when there are no remote
MPWeF3-qWa4-00111-00029022-00029216 stars just the inline Styles applied
MPWeF3-qWa4-00112-00029217-00029545 Sumi in the United Kingdom what is this
MPWeF3-qWa4-00113-00029547-00029726 global warming you see climate change
MPWeF3-qWa4-00114-00029727-00030041 and I I mean unless they're doing work
MPWeF3-qWa4-00115-00030042-00030638 to undo these Styles it feels like the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00116-00030639-00030787 inline styles that have been applied
MPWeF3-qWa4-00117-00030788-00031142 don't set through the layout up now it
MPWeF3-qWa4-00118-00031143-00031289 could be that there's some other work
MPWeF3-qWa4-00119-00031289-00031454 that's gone on with the JavaScript to to
MPWeF3-qWa4-00120-00031455-00031622 change things around but as a first pass
MPWeF3-qWa4-00121-00031623-00031943 I'll be looking at this going hmm when I
MPWeF3-qWa4-00122-00031944-00032045 switch off the remotes
MPWeF3-qWa4-00123-00032045-00032264 I want the inline Styles to be color
MPWeF3-qWa4-00124-00032264-00032486 blocks and layout and stuff so that we
MPWeF3-qWa4-00125-00032487-00032720 stop things moving around but mainly so
MPWeF3-qWa4-00126-00032720-00032840 that we can get something up on screen
MPWeF3-qWa4-00127-00032841-00033002 the whole point of the inline CSS is
MPWeF3-qWa4-00128-00033003-00033227 hopefully to just kind of bootstrap up
MPWeF3-qWa4-00129-00033228-00033452 that initial viewport and get us going
MPWeF3-qWa4-00130-00033453-00033680 so much for the page load then which is
MPWeF3-qWa4-00131-00033681-00033827 actually really looking good I think
MPWeF3-qWa4-00132-00033828-00033998 there are some tweaks that they could
MPWeF3-qWa4-00133-00033999-00034151 potentially make to crush down the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00134-00034152-00034697 inline styles and you know not put so
MPWeF3-qWa4-00135-00034698-00034910 much in there and put what is really
MPWeF3-qWa4-00136-00034911-00035102 important in there not just what seems
MPWeF3-qWa4-00137-00035103-00035285 important what we'll do next time is
MPWeF3-qWa4-00138-00035286-00035480 actually dive into the performance
MPWeF3-qWa4-00139-00035481-00035624 characteristics of things like they're
MPWeF3-qWa4-00140-00035625-00035804 scrolling and so on so stick around for
MPWeF3-qWa4-00141-00035805-00036044 that and I'll see you next time I'm the
MPWeF3-qWa4-00142-00036045-00036176 only one on camera the only one they let
MPWeF3-qWa4-00143-00036177-00036413 on camera these days take two or as I
MPWeF3-qWa4-00144-00036414-00036620 like to call it the professional cut it
MPWeF3-qWa4-00145-00036621-00036788 ends a point on the top of my head poor
MPWeF3-qWa4-00146-00036789-00037073 Louis man boy
MPbMAPljFTE-00000-00000187-00000463 you're here to CIT in the search for the
MPbMAPljFTE-00001-00000465-00000836 Faculty Holy Grail this is meant to be a
MPbMAPljFTE-00002-00000836-00001258 conversation so I'm going to ask you to
MPbMAPljFTE-00003-00001259-00001474 please think about your own personal
MPbMAPljFTE-00004-00001475-00001766 experiences and thoughts as we move
MPbMAPljFTE-00005-00001767-00002110 forward through this conversation not so
MPbMAPljFTE-00006-00002111-00002462 much a presentation I'm Deena Kurzweil
MPbMAPljFTE-00007-00002463-00002696 I'm the director of the education and
MPbMAPljFTE-00008-00002697-00002915 technology innovation support office at
MPbMAPljFTE-00009-00002916-00003164 the uniformed services University over
MPbMAPljFTE-00010-00003165-00003668 here to my left is Sean Baker in from I
MPbMAPljFTE-00011-00003669-00003979 don't even know your new title chief
MPbMAPljFTE-00012-00003980-00004166 technology officer at the uniformed
MPbMAPljFTE-00013-00004167-00004306 services University of the Health
MPbMAPljFTE-00014-00004307-00004592 Sciences in front of me up here is mr.
MPbMAPljFTE-00015-00004593-00004913 Brandon Henry he is an instructional
MPbMAPljFTE-00016-00004914-00005141 designer at the University and Beth
MPbMAPljFTE-00017-00005142-00005570 Marsalis the four of us work for the
MPbMAPljFTE-00018-00005571-00005779 government so a wonderful disclaimer
MPbMAPljFTE-00019-00005780-00005997 must go on all our slides
MPbMAPljFTE-00020-00005998-00006281 so please note that these are our
MPbMAPljFTE-00021-00006282-00006670 opinions and are not ones that are
MPbMAPljFTE-00022-00006672-00006823 supposed to be construed as reflecting
MPbMAPljFTE-00023-00006825-00007019 the views of the DoD usus or any other
MPbMAPljFTE-00024-00007020-00007339 agency of the federal government so
MPbMAPljFTE-00025-00007340-00007877 please keep that in mind so we are here
MPbMAPljFTE-00026-00007878-00008131 to talk about the faculty Grail and the
MPbMAPljFTE-00027-00008133-00008378 IT faculty Grail have to ask an
MPbMAPljFTE-00028-00008379-00008609 important question here as we start how
MPbMAPljFTE-00029-00008610-00009166 many people have actually seen the movie
MPbMAPljFTE-00030-00009167-00009467 it is important as part of this
MPbMAPljFTE-00031-00009468-00009644 conversation that you think about the
MPbMAPljFTE-00032-00009645-00010078 movie as we go through so as we think
MPbMAPljFTE-00033-00010079-00010313 about the cast of characters here it's
MPbMAPljFTE-00034-00010314-00010478 important for us to think about our own
MPbMAPljFTE-00035-00010479-00010691 cast who works for us
MPbMAPljFTE-00036-00010692-00011021 what are they able to do and we need to
MPbMAPljFTE-00037-00011022-00011167 be sure that they are much more
MPbMAPljFTE-00038-00011168-00011480 confident than we actually saw in the
MPbMAPljFTE-00039-00011481-00011651 movie we need to be sure they're well
MPbMAPljFTE-00040-00011652-00011860 rounded we need to be sure they not only
MPbMAPljFTE-00041-00011861-00012101 know IT elements but things like
MPbMAPljFTE-00042-00012102-00012326 customer service they have to be
MPbMAPljFTE-00043-00012327-00012623 well-trained well-educated they have to
MPbMAPljFTE-00044-00012624-00012760 have an understanding of each other's
MPbMAPljFTE-00045-00012761-00013105 strengths and weaknesses and they can't
MPbMAPljFTE-00046-00013106-00013379 just be a bunch of fluttering people
MPbMAPljFTE-00047-00013380-00013544 that runaround from problem to problem
MPbMAPljFTE-00048-00013544-00013835 to problem so one of the things I wanted
MPbMAPljFTE-00049-00013836-00014099 to ask this group is how do you help
MPbMAPljFTE-00050-00014100-00014543 your IT team actually understand each
MPbMAPljFTE-00051-00014544-00014697 other's strengths and weaknesses
MPbMAPljFTE-00052-00014699-00014930 you know I know in my group we have a
MPbMAPljFTE-00053-00014931-00015094 lot of conversations with each other
MPbMAPljFTE-00054-00015096-00015329 about what we're learning what we're
MPbMAPljFTE-00055-00015330-00015619 able to do and how we're able to do it
MPbMAPljFTE-00056-00015621-00015866 but the question really becomes how do
MPbMAPljFTE-00057-00015866-00016028 we share that information amongst the
MPbMAPljFTE-00058-00016029-00016181 larger teams that we work with and the
MPbMAPljFTE-00059-00016182-00016475 other people who help support us so one
MPbMAPljFTE-00060-00016476-00016592 of the questions I want to throw out to
MPbMAPljFTE-00061-00016593-00016856 you right now is what are you doing to
MPbMAPljFTE-00062-00016857-00017099 help ensure that the rest of your groups
MPbMAPljFTE-00063-00017100-00017329 and groups that work around you actually
MPbMAPljFTE-00064-00017330-00017654 understand what your team can and cannot
MPbMAPljFTE-00065-00017655-00017984 do and I will call if nobody raises
MPbMAPljFTE-00066-00017985-00020738 their hand nobody so yes so does your
MPbMAPljFTE-00067-00020739-00021146 team talk to faculty members about their
MPbMAPljFTE-00068-00021147-00021496 services and what they're able to do
MPbMAPljFTE-00069-00021497-00021851 yeah I would say so and how are those
MPbMAPljFTE-00070-00021852-00022214 conversations facilitated one-on-ones
MPbMAPljFTE-00071-00022215-00022400 one we do WebEx
MPbMAPljFTE-00072-00022401-00022747 mm-hmm so have you ever brought in your
MPbMAPljFTE-00073-00022748-00022967 faculty together to kind of look at what
MPbMAPljFTE-00074-00022968-00023197 are they able to expect from your IT
MPbMAPljFTE-00075-00023198-00023477 team we have a department of online
MPbMAPljFTE-00076-00023478-00023749 learning and teaching they host the
MPbMAPljFTE-00077-00023750-00024140 sessions quite often okay how else are
MPbMAPljFTE-00078-00024141-00024461 you guys doing it yes he's going to
MPbMAPljFTE-00079-00024462-00024626 bring you a mic actually because we're
MPbMAPljFTE-00080-00024627-00024809 streaming so they want to capture all
MPbMAPljFTE-00081-00024810-00025784 the questions
MPbMAPljFTE-00082-00025785-00026343 what we do is some meetings to to see
MPbMAPljFTE-00083-00026344-00026852 the teacher and student necessities and
MPbMAPljFTE-00084-00026854-00027387 that works a lot because we tried as IT
MPbMAPljFTE-00085-00027388-00027808 to cover all the necessities for the
MPbMAPljFTE-00086-00027808-00028252 teacher so sometimes they have they they
MPbMAPljFTE-00087-00028252-00028429 have a problem that can be solved
MPbMAPljFTE-00088-00028430-00028735 quickly and they don't know how to do it
MPbMAPljFTE-00089-00028736-00029110 with the IT but sometimes you have to
MPbMAPljFTE-00090-00029111-00029479 develop something to cover the necessity
MPbMAPljFTE-00091-00029480-00029808 for necessities um so a lot of times
MPbMAPljFTE-00092-00029810-00030087 you're hearing people that are reaching
MPbMAPljFTE-00093-00030088-00030310 out and having communications through
MPbMAPljFTE-00094-00030311-00030471 other groups how many times there are
MPbMAPljFTE-00095-00030472-00030675 your IT groups actually going out
MPbMAPljFTE-00096-00030676-00030904 specifically to hold information
MPbMAPljFTE-00097-00030905-00031111 sessions anybody doing anything like
MPbMAPljFTE-00098-00031112-00031230 that
MPbMAPljFTE-00099-00031231-00031561 you are and what are you doing with your
MPbMAPljFTE-00100-00031562-00032302 team no we we generally we hold kind of
MPbMAPljFTE-00101-00032302-00032431 training sessions for our faculty
MPbMAPljFTE-00102-00032432-00032821 depending on what their interest is and
MPbMAPljFTE-00103-00032822-00032995 so we've worked we have a faculty group
MPbMAPljFTE-00104-00032996-00033232 that does professional development and
MPbMAPljFTE-00105-00033233-00033427 so we work with them and they may tell
MPbMAPljFTE-00106-00033428-00033712 us instructionally so we moved to canvas
MPbMAPljFTE-00107-00033713-00034045 and so we had our instructor said we
MPbMAPljFTE-00108-00034046-00034215 need to get more training on that so we
MPbMAPljFTE-00109-00034216-00034423 set up some sessions where we would do
MPbMAPljFTE-00110-00034424-00034630 beginning intermediate advanced levels
MPbMAPljFTE-00111-00034631-00035065 of training with them and what we find
MPbMAPljFTE-00112-00035066-00035208 is that we don't get as much
MPbMAPljFTE-00113-00035209-00035490 participation so our issue is we we can
MPbMAPljFTE-00114-00035491-00035782 hold the trainings but the faculty have
MPbMAPljFTE-00115-00035783-00035968 busy schedules sometimes they're out of
MPbMAPljFTE-00116-00035969-00036376 town so in terms of how much spread we
MPbMAPljFTE-00117-00036377-00036571 get with that in terms of the the
MPbMAPljFTE-00118-00036572-00036787 participation we haven't found a good
MPbMAPljFTE-00119-00036788-00037087 way to consistently get good you know a
MPbMAPljFTE-00120-00037088-00037342 good number of faculty to make it make
MPbMAPljFTE-00121-00037343-00037582 it effective we do one-on-ones as well
MPbMAPljFTE-00122-00037583-00037840 that seems to be the best way we've been
MPbMAPljFTE-00123-00037841-00037965 able to do it we try going to
MPbMAPljFTE-00124-00037966-00038112 departmental meetings those kinds of
MPbMAPljFTE-00125-00038113-00038283 things but we're still trying to figure
MPbMAPljFTE-00126-00038284-00038471 out how to do it when we're do
MPbMAPljFTE-00127-00038472-00038768 something school-wide it's hard it's
MPbMAPljFTE-00128-00038769-00038927 hard to drive those kinds of things and
MPbMAPljFTE-00129-00038928-00039131 and so we're still we're still
MPbMAPljFTE-00130-00039132-00039323 struggling to figure out the best way to
MPbMAPljFTE-00131-00039324-00039500 to reach out to faculty and work with
MPbMAPljFTE-00132-00039501-00040217 them so it tends to be a common theme
MPbMAPljFTE-00133-00040218-00040589 that I have heard from IT support staff
MPbMAPljFTE-00134-00040590-00040793 instructional design stuff is getting
MPbMAPljFTE-00135-00040794-00041090 faculty to come to these information
MPbMAPljFTE-00136-00041091-00041294 sessions anybody else having these
MPbMAPljFTE-00137-00041295-00041630 issues yeah a few hands up in the room
MPbMAPljFTE-00138-00041631-00041855 and I think it's really important that
MPbMAPljFTE-00139-00041856-00042101 we look at not just our team of
MPbMAPljFTE-00140-00042102-00042440 characters but how we're teaming with
MPbMAPljFTE-00141-00042441-00042719 both the deans and the leadership in
MPbMAPljFTE-00142-00042720-00043103 order to bring in those faculty part of
MPbMAPljFTE-00143-00043104-00043322 your team that you don't really see here
MPbMAPljFTE-00144-00043323-00043628 on our cast of characters is that higher
MPbMAPljFTE-00145-00043629-00043871 leadership team and how that leadership
MPbMAPljFTE-00146-00043872-00044159 makes your support a priority for the
MPbMAPljFTE-00147-00044160-00044414 institution where does it actually sit
MPbMAPljFTE-00148-00044415-00044690 in the paradigm in terms of ensuring
MPbMAPljFTE-00149-00044691-00044846 that not just that they take in the
MPbMAPljFTE-00150-00044847-00045092 right training but they're coming and
MPbMAPljFTE-00151-00045093-00045260 getting the information they need in
MPbMAPljFTE-00152-00045261-00045803 order to succeed so we really have to
MPbMAPljFTE-00153-00045804-00046283 think about how those faculty members
MPbMAPljFTE-00154-00046284-00046505 and our team interrelate with one
MPbMAPljFTE-00155-00046506-00046546 another
MPbMAPljFTE-00156-00046547-00046793 how do they see each other you know we
MPbMAPljFTE-00157-00046794-00046967 have to have this value for what the
MPbMAPljFTE-00158-00046968-00047248 teams do faculty have an inherent value
MPbMAPljFTE-00159-00047249-00047594 to the institution and IT and
MPbMAPljFTE-00160-00047595-00047783 instructional design and support
MPbMAPljFTE-00161-00047784-00048121 services have an inherent value but the
MPbMAPljFTE-00162-00048122-00048323 titles alone don't bring that respect
MPbMAPljFTE-00163-00048324-00048640 and it's how that respect is built
MPbMAPljFTE-00164-00048641-00048878 through the institution that leadership
MPbMAPljFTE-00165-00048879-00049071 really needs to work on and think about
MPbMAPljFTE-00166-00049072-00049367 because we need to explain how somebody
MPbMAPljFTE-00167-00049368-00049538 has come to the institution especially
MPbMAPljFTE-00168-00049539-00049802 if they're not faculty and make a case
MPbMAPljFTE-00169-00049803-00050102 for why they need to have this respect
MPbMAPljFTE-00170-00050103-00050321 why they're seen as important throughout
MPbMAPljFTE-00171-00050322-00050510 the institution it doesn't happen
MPbMAPljFTE-00172-00050511-00050789 organically a lot of times faculty
MPbMAPljFTE-00173-00050790-00051076 support staff are shown in research as
MPbMAPljFTE-00174-00051077-00051415 the support staff not even knowing that
MPbMAPljFTE-00175-00051416-00051560 some of that support staff have higher
MPbMAPljFTE-00176-00051561-00051860 degrees have masters have Doctor
MPbMAPljFTE-00177-00051861-00052211 and therefore they're seen very
MPbMAPljFTE-00178-00052212-00052654 similarly to other staff and lower-level
MPbMAPljFTE-00179-00052655-00052900 staff where if you would actually put
MPbMAPljFTE-00180-00052901-00053104 them on a paradigm and have yourself
MPbMAPljFTE-00181-00053105-00053407 looking at where these people lie in
MPbMAPljFTE-00182-00053408-00053579 comparison to those faculty members they
MPbMAPljFTE-00183-00053579-00053810 can have many times more education and
MPbMAPljFTE-00184-00053811-00053975 more experience than many of the faculty
MPbMAPljFTE-00185-00053976-00054209 members coming in so how is that
MPbMAPljFTE-00186-00054210-00054394 communicated throughout your group I
MPbMAPljFTE-00187-00054395-00054650 know a lot of times we've started to
MPbMAPljFTE-00188-00054651-00054809 actually put the Seavey's of our staff
MPbMAPljFTE-00189-00054810-00055075 up on our website so that somebody can
MPbMAPljFTE-00190-00055076-00055298 actually see exactly where did this
MPbMAPljFTE-00191-00055299-00055454 person go to school what background do
MPbMAPljFTE-00192-00055454-00055606 they have what's their experience how
MPbMAPljFTE-00193-00055607-00055748 long have they been working what
MPbMAPljFTE-00194-00055749-00055981 publications have they done what
MPbMAPljFTE-00195-00055982-00056176 presentations have they done anybody
MPbMAPljFTE-00196-00056177-00056354 else doing anything to promote their
MPbMAPljFTE-00197-00056354-00056663 staff to provide get that respect that
MPbMAPljFTE-00198-00056664-00057157 is due to them any other people here at
MPbMAPljFTE-00199-00057158-00057748 the university level doing anything now
MPbMAPljFTE-00200-00057749-00058929 you doing anything with your staff okay
MPbMAPljFTE-00201-00058930-00059200 uh-huh
MPbMAPljFTE-00202-00059201-00059672 mm-hmm our product so I was very
MPbMAPljFTE-00203-00059673-00059869 interested to come and hear your
MPbMAPljFTE-00204-00059870-00060323 discussion with the prime memory primary
MPbMAPljFTE-00205-00060324-00060601 members of appear E oh absolutely so
MPbMAPljFTE-00206-00060602-00060679 sorry I can't
MPbMAPljFTE-00207-00060680-00061004 that's okay hands on there who else from
MPbMAPljFTE-00208-00061004-00061288 a university here how are you promoting
MPbMAPljFTE-00209-00061289-00061424 your staff or are you not and hasn't
MPbMAPljFTE-00210-00061425-00061666 even thought about it how many people
MPbMAPljFTE-00211-00061667-00061807 here actually have a way to promote
MPbMAPljFTE-00212-00061808-00062088 their staff members their support staff
MPbMAPljFTE-00213-00062089-00062585 how many people do not more hands do not
MPbMAPljFTE-00214-00062586-00062926 then do has this even been discussed at
MPbMAPljFTE-00215-00062927-00063101 your institutions about the promotion of
MPbMAPljFTE-00216-00063102-00063353 your staff to earn the respect that they
MPbMAPljFTE-00217-00063354-00063940 need yeah
MPbMAPljFTE-00218-00063941-00065204 the nice delays with the mic we've had
MPbMAPljFTE-00219-00065205-00065637 faculty even demand occasionally in the
MPbMAPljFTE-00220-00065638-00066183 past that TVs be posted mm-hmm and sort
MPbMAPljFTE-00221-00066184-00066453 of as a result of that tone
MPbMAPljFTE-00222-00066454-00066960 they haven't been oh we're a union shop
MPbMAPljFTE-00223-00066961-00067302 and if didn't wasn't approached in a
MPbMAPljFTE-00224-00067303-00067617 very good way my mom so I have on our
MPbMAPljFTE-00225-00067618-00067851 website which I seriously doubt very
MPbMAPljFTE-00226-00067852-00068141 many people look at but I have you know
MPbMAPljFTE-00227-00068142-00068412 on it different different times it said
MPbMAPljFTE-00228-00068413-00068613 different things but I have the list of
MPbMAPljFTE-00229-00068614-00068733 people and what you know what they've
MPbMAPljFTE-00230-00068734-00068964 done and you know I have a little bit of
MPbMAPljFTE-00231-00068965-00069447 that but it's not as transparent as it
MPbMAPljFTE-00232-00069448-00069693 might be mm-hmm we try to do a lot of
MPbMAPljFTE-00233-00069694-00070380 that in the one-on-one you know I go to
MPbMAPljFTE-00234-00070381-00070689 an Orion new faculty orientation session
MPbMAPljFTE-00235-00070690-00071250 in the fall and we have a chance to put
MPbMAPljFTE-00236-00071251-00071451 a little blurb in and you know and we
MPbMAPljFTE-00237-00071452-00071628 try to way we work closely with this new
MPbMAPljFTE-00238-00071629-00071844 department which is the office for the
MPbMAPljFTE-00239-00071845-00072005 Advancement of teaching and learning
MPbMAPljFTE-00240-00072006-00072471 which Dan mentioned and that's really
MPbMAPljFTE-00241-00072472-00073086 been our best way to worm our way in we
MPbMAPljFTE-00242-00073087-00073350 I mean we can't get to faculty meetings
MPbMAPljFTE-00243-00073351-00073497 the only times I've ever been successful
MPbMAPljFTE-00244-00073498-00073803 in going to faculty meetings was you
MPbMAPljFTE-00245-00073804-00074139 know 30 years ago when the person who at
MPbMAPljFTE-00246-00074140-00074523 the time was doing scheduling brother
MPbMAPljFTE-00247-00074524-00074760 departments would give me five of her 15
MPbMAPljFTE-00248-00074761-00075015 minutes and I was involved at that time
MPbMAPljFTE-00249-00075016-00075249 with classroom media assistants which
MPbMAPljFTE-00250-00075250-00075432 you know was a whole nother world back
MPbMAPljFTE-00251-00075433-00075810 then but I was you know then we were
MPbMAPljFTE-00252-00075811-00075978 able to bring some information so they
MPbMAPljFTE-00253-00075979-00076246 could learn about how how we are already
MPbMAPljFTE-00254-00076247-00076488 serving their departments you know from
MPbMAPljFTE-00255-00076489-00077061 a percentage-wise and so on it's a it's
MPbMAPljFTE-00256-00077062-00077205 a big problem we've talked about it
MPbMAPljFTE-00257-00077206-00077319 internally
MPbMAPljFTE-00258-00077320-00077411 there hasn't been anything
MPbMAPljFTE-00259-00077412-00077815 institutionally so just what we try to
MPbMAPljFTE-00260-00077816-00078079 do is anytime there's a there we don't
MPbMAPljFTE-00261-00078080-00078291 even have one list I mean I hate to say
MPbMAPljFTE-00262-00078292-00078624 this but we don't have one list that we
MPbMAPljFTE-00263-00078625-00078936 can reach all faculty on Wow because
MPbMAPljFTE-00264-00078937-00079066 there's so many there's different
MPbMAPljFTE-00265-00079067-00079257 adjuncts there's different you know
MPbMAPljFTE-00266-00079258-00079611 there's a lot of things like that so
MPbMAPljFTE-00267-00079612-00079950 communication is I think part of the big
MPbMAPljFTE-00268-00079951-00080215 picture that you need to think about in
MPbMAPljFTE-00269-00080216-00080509 terms of how you're actually gaining
MPbMAPljFTE-00270-00080510-00080856 that respect for your group because if
MPbMAPljFTE-00271-00080857-00081036 the faculty don't know who you are and
MPbMAPljFTE-00272-00081037-00081234 who your team is and what they've done
MPbMAPljFTE-00273-00081235-00081441 it's going to be a little harder for
MPbMAPljFTE-00274-00081442-00081648 them to kind of gain that trust with
MPbMAPljFTE-00275-00081649-00082112 them and also build up in a lot of cases
MPbMAPljFTE-00276-00082113-00082672 some frustration so we need to think
MPbMAPljFTE-00277-00082673-00082929 about how we're actually communicating
MPbMAPljFTE-00278-00082930-00083187 with our stakeholders whether they be
MPbMAPljFTE-00279-00083188-00083463 faculty your leadership or even other
MPbMAPljFTE-00280-00083464-00083671 people in just the generic institution
MPbMAPljFTE-00281-00083672-00083949 and how we go about actually bridging
MPbMAPljFTE-00282-00083950-00084204 that gap because that frustration piece
MPbMAPljFTE-00283-00084205-00084528 when things break is probably the
MPbMAPljFTE-00284-00084529-00084807 biggest pushback that we get from our
MPbMAPljFTE-00285-00084808-00085009 institutions in terms of what they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00286-00085010-00085309 going to actually do and how they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00287-00085310-00085611 going to react to situations because
MPbMAPljFTE-00288-00085612-00085893 when something breaks the sky is falling
MPbMAPljFTE-00289-00085894-00086118 and Chicken Little is actually running
MPbMAPljFTE-00290-00086119-00086416 around screaming their head off because
MPbMAPljFTE-00291-00086417-00086676 the sky is really falling but they don't
MPbMAPljFTE-00292-00086677-00086928 know who to go to and they end up having
MPbMAPljFTE-00293-00086929-00087148 that greater frustration with the
MPbMAPljFTE-00294-00087149-00087453 situation in terms of what am I supposed
MPbMAPljFTE-00295-00087454-00087654 to do Who am I supposed to go to how
MPbMAPljFTE-00296-00087655-00087859 does this happen oh my god it doesn't
MPbMAPljFTE-00297-00087860-00088449 work oh my god it's broken right you
MPbMAPljFTE-00298-00088450-00088563 know and they're running around and
MPbMAPljFTE-00299-00088564-00088716 they're running around and you have to
MPbMAPljFTE-00300-00088717-00088909 remember that there was some easy
MPbMAPljFTE-00301-00088910-00089124 grenades out there for us to grab and
MPbMAPljFTE-00302-00089125-00089371 lob over that helped reduce that impact
MPbMAPljFTE-00303-00089372-00089653 that helped reduce that problem with us
MPbMAPljFTE-00304-00089654-00089853 because that communication piece with
MPbMAPljFTE-00305-00089854-00090046 them about when something's going to go
MPbMAPljFTE-00306-00090047-00090235 down who's the point of contact who can
MPbMAPljFTE-00307-00090236-00090537 they call when X Y or Z happens where is
MPbMAPljFTE-00308-00090538-00090697 the documentation on the how
MPbMAPljFTE-00309-00090698-00090975 twos of it all how do I get into my
MPbMAPljFTE-00310-00090976-00091297 account is there a guide somewhere you
MPbMAPljFTE-00311-00091298-00091459 know having a website with hundreds and
MPbMAPljFTE-00312-00091460-00091687 hundreds of guides is great but how do
MPbMAPljFTE-00313-00091688-00091984 they find it fast because they will tell
MPbMAPljFTE-00314-00091985-00092155 you everybody will say they are a very
MPbMAPljFTE-00315-00092156-00092394 busy person in this world so what they
MPbMAPljFTE-00316-00092395-00092593 want is instant access and instant
MPbMAPljFTE-00317-00092594-00092872 information so I think a lot of things
MPbMAPljFTE-00318-00092873-00093091 that have shown in the research is that
MPbMAPljFTE-00319-00093092-00093237 we're missing kind of that low-hanging
MPbMAPljFTE-00320-00093238-00093304 fruit
MPbMAPljFTE-00321-00093305-00093571 those easy grenades we can lob over to
MPbMAPljFTE-00322-00093572-00093718 kind of take care of some of the smaller
MPbMAPljFTE-00323-00093719-00094105 problems that happen such as having your
MPbMAPljFTE-00324-00094106-00094381 documentation out there looking at
MPbMAPljFTE-00325-00094382-00094567 things you can do to reduce the stress
MPbMAPljFTE-00326-00094568-00094828 load in your community because if they
MPbMAPljFTE-00327-00094829-00094990 have a point of contact if they have
MPbMAPljFTE-00328-00094991-00095200 somebody that they've developed a
MPbMAPljFTE-00329-00095201-00095418 relationship with there's a better
MPbMAPljFTE-00330-00095419-00095710 chance that you're going to actually be
MPbMAPljFTE-00331-00095711-00096004 sure that that faculty member actually
MPbMAPljFTE-00332-00096005-00096229 talks to the next faculty member or
MPbMAPljFTE-00333-00096230-00096511 talks to the next person in a positive
MPbMAPljFTE-00334-00096512-00096835 way about that experience and I'll be
MPbMAPljFTE-00335-00096836-00097007 honest with you it is one bad experience
MPbMAPljFTE-00336-00097008-00097287 that will spread like lightening fire
MPbMAPljFTE-00337-00097288-00097573 you know I mean you have that bad
MPbMAPljFTE-00338-00097574-00097717 experience that person is going to talk
MPbMAPljFTE-00339-00097718-00097954 the loudest they're going to be the most
MPbMAPljFTE-00340-00097955-00098226 vibrant but it's all the small good
MPbMAPljFTE-00341-00098227-00098742 experiences that build up with our group
MPbMAPljFTE-00342-00098743-00099450 so communication we have to think about
MPbMAPljFTE-00343-00099451-00099737 how we're communicating with everybody
MPbMAPljFTE-00344-00099738-00100060 we need to think about the language we
MPbMAPljFTE-00345-00100061-00100561 are using you know a lot of times I'm an
MPbMAPljFTE-00346-00100562-00100794 instructional designer and I work a lot
MPbMAPljFTE-00347-00100795-00101037 with our IT folks and very recently I
MPbMAPljFTE-00348-00101038-00101329 had somebody talking to me and he said
MPbMAPljFTE-00349-00101330-00101556 to me you know I don't understand why
MPbMAPljFTE-00350-00101557-00101905 you don't get this and I was like I'm
MPbMAPljFTE-00351-00101906-00102213 not an IT person and they were just
MPbMAPljFTE-00352-00102214-00102499 shocked they assumed right off the bat I
MPbMAPljFTE-00353-00102500-00102772 knew all of this technical information
MPbMAPljFTE-00354-00102773-00103068 he was giving me so he was talking to me
MPbMAPljFTE-00355-00103069-00103257 with that assumption that I had this
MPbMAPljFTE-00356-00103258-00103549 knowledge that I didn't have and it's
MPbMAPljFTE-00357-00103550-00103726 important that we think about how we're
MPbMAPljFTE-00358-00103727-00103917 communicating and asking questions even
MPbMAPljFTE-00359-00103918-00103999 about the simple
MPbMAPljFTE-00360-00104000-00104239 thing and opening the door for somebody
MPbMAPljFTE-00361-00104240-00104554 to come to us and stop and go hold on I
MPbMAPljFTE-00362-00104555-00104920 don't get that even the simplest of
MPbMAPljFTE-00363-00104921-00105244 things deserve the stop and touch point
MPbMAPljFTE-00364-00105245-00105711 of does that make sense in a my my okay
MPbMAPljFTE-00365-00105713-00106030 and looking teaching our staff and our
MPbMAPljFTE-00366-00106031-00106246 support groups to look for those verbal
MPbMAPljFTE-00367-00106247-00106464 cues those question marks in their eyes
MPbMAPljFTE-00368-00106465-00106720 because a lot of times you'll see people
MPbMAPljFTE-00369-00106721-00106963 go and it is go here go here go here go
MPbMAPljFTE-00370-00106964-00107332 here do this do that or look over here
MPbMAPljFTE-00371-00107333-00107523 then go over here and you've just done
MPbMAPljFTE-00372-00107524-00107802 15 different steps for somebody and
MPbMAPljFTE-00373-00107803-00108151 they're kind of clueless about what just
MPbMAPljFTE-00374-00108152-00108216 happened
MPbMAPljFTE-00375-00108217-00108486 so speaking that same language and
MPbMAPljFTE-00376-00108488-00108925 having the same approach I know one
MPbMAPljFTE-00377-00108926-00109171 person at a school in Pennsylvania that
MPbMAPljFTE-00378-00109172-00109477 I talked to regularly actually does for
MPbMAPljFTE-00379-00109478-00109654 every meeting with a new faculty member
MPbMAPljFTE-00380-00109655-00109765 and they keep track of all the faculty
MPbMAPljFTE-00381-00109766-00109908 members they've touched from their IT
MPbMAPljFTE-00382-00109909-00110158 department they actually have a list of
MPbMAPljFTE-00383-00110158-00110542 who's actually been introduced so that
MPbMAPljFTE-00384-00110543-00110731 there is a formal process when somebody
MPbMAPljFTE-00385-00110732-00110932 comes to their help desk to their
MPbMAPljFTE-00386-00110933-00111181 support team that's an introduction to
MPbMAPljFTE-00387-00111182-00111346 hey you know we're going to take a few
MPbMAPljFTE-00388-00111347-00111538 minutes and talk about our services and
MPbMAPljFTE-00389-00111539-00111715 kind of give you that one-on-one
MPbMAPljFTE-00390-00111716-00111874 orientation you were talking about but
MPbMAPljFTE-00391-00111875-00112096 it's formalized everybody's speaking the
MPbMAPljFTE-00392-00112097-00112161 same language
MPbMAPljFTE-00393-00112163-00112351 everybody's saying the same thing it
MPbMAPljFTE-00394-00112352-00112579 isn't a big question marking kind of an
MPbMAPljFTE-00395-00112580-00112978 ad-hoc piece to what's going on because
MPbMAPljFTE-00396-00112979-00113398 the consequences of not doing that
MPbMAPljFTE-00397-00113399-00113623 result in a different message across
MPbMAPljFTE-00398-00113624-00113920 time and a different input to the
MPbMAPljFTE-00399-00113921-00114106 faculty member well so-and-so told me
MPbMAPljFTE-00400-00114107-00114232 I'm supposed to go here but so-and-so
MPbMAPljFTE-00401-00114233-00114636 said this and now you're confused now
MPbMAPljFTE-00402-00114638-00114904 you don't know what to do so you really
MPbMAPljFTE-00403-00114905-00115077 have to make sure that everybody
MPbMAPljFTE-00404-00115078-00115438 understands the same thing and has a
MPbMAPljFTE-00405-00115439-00115657 basic grounding in what that thing
MPbMAPljFTE-00406-00115658-00115933 actually is because it doesn't happen
MPbMAPljFTE-00407-00115933-00116176 organically again I'm going to throw it
MPbMAPljFTE-00408-00116177-00116302 out to you here do you have a process
MPbMAPljFTE-00409-00116303-00116482 anybody have a process here they'd like
MPbMAPljFTE-00410-00116483-00116749 to share about how they're communicating
MPbMAPljFTE-00411-00116750-00116926 with their faculty how they're setting
MPbMAPljFTE-00412-00116927-00117244 that up yes sir he's going to bring you
MPbMAPljFTE-00413-00117245-00117781 the mic
MPbMAPljFTE-00414-00117782-00118501 the gentleman in the room burgundy shirt
MPbMAPljFTE-00415-00118502-00118792 hi our school we have bimonthly
MPbMAPljFTE-00416-00118793-00119042 receiving monthly meetings with our
MPbMAPljFTE-00417-00119043-00119423 faculty trainings team and that way so
MPbMAPljFTE-00418-00119424-00119584 we can communicate with them and then
MPbMAPljFTE-00419-00119585-00120002 they actually work with our faculty and
MPbMAPljFTE-00420-00120003-00120158 honestly we've found that that has a
MPbMAPljFTE-00421-00120158-00120518 great impact on our faculty that we've
MPbMAPljFTE-00422-00120519-00120779 had better responses from them as well
MPbMAPljFTE-00423-00120780-00121145 as given us the ability to teach the
MPbMAPljFTE-00424-00121146-00121292 people that are going to be teaching the
MPbMAPljFTE-00425-00121293-00121613 people what's coming up and actually
MPbMAPljFTE-00426-00121614-00121757 discuss the plan on rolling things out
MPbMAPljFTE-00427-00121758-00121960 with them Wow
MPbMAPljFTE-00428-00121961-00122219 so it's bimonthly you said once a month
MPbMAPljFTE-00429-00122220-00122573 once once a month Wow and so that's all
MPbMAPljFTE-00430-00122574-00122747 getting communicated and filtered in a
MPbMAPljFTE-00431-00122748-00122939 consistent message with this consistent
MPbMAPljFTE-00432-00122940-00123119 theme to all the partners that's
MPbMAPljFTE-00433-00123120-00123473 involved Wow and then so my question is
MPbMAPljFTE-00434-00123474-00123755 your leadership supports this idea yeah
MPbMAPljFTE-00435-00123756-00123980 actually it had been something we've
MPbMAPljFTE-00436-00123981-00124139 been having problems with in the past
MPbMAPljFTE-00437-00124140-00124475 obviously we've been not communicating
MPbMAPljFTE-00438-00124476-00124649 well enough or my department hadn't been
MPbMAPljFTE-00439-00124650-00124754 communicating well enough with the
MPbMAPljFTE-00440-00124755-00124931 faculty and staff so they determined
MPbMAPljFTE-00441-00124932-00125132 that this would be a way of keeping the
MPbMAPljFTE-00442-00125133-00125378 faculty up to speed we get invited to
MPbMAPljFTE-00443-00125379-00125531 their monthly meeting actually to
MPbMAPljFTE-00444-00125532-00125792 present what's going on and discuss
MPbMAPljFTE-00445-00125793-00126203 options going forward that honestly
MPbMAPljFTE-00446-00126204-00126613 helped again just create a cohesive and
MPbMAPljFTE-00447-00126614-00126929 understanding environment Wow thank you
MPbMAPljFTE-00448-00126930-00127079 for sharing so anybody else like to
MPbMAPljFTE-00449-00127080-00127510 share how they're communicating yes
MPbMAPljFTE-00450-00127511-00127558 ma'am
MPbMAPljFTE-00451-00127559-00128699 over here in the white sweater for us we
MPbMAPljFTE-00452-00128700-00128966 we've looked at several different ways
MPbMAPljFTE-00453-00128967-00129158 because we've always had an issue with
MPbMAPljFTE-00454-00129158-00129545 emails they don't really use so we have
MPbMAPljFTE-00455-00129546-00129854 a portal a community on our portal that
MPbMAPljFTE-00456-00129855-00130241 we usually put information on and we
MPbMAPljFTE-00457-00130242-00130724 also use our LMS announcement section
MPbMAPljFTE-00458-00130725-00131033 additionally we have a compost bulletin
MPbMAPljFTE-00459-00131033-00131327 so we cannot get information out in
MPbMAPljFTE-00460-00131328-00131648 various places yeah
MPbMAPljFTE-00461-00131649-00132119 and that works so how many people
MPbMAPljFTE-00462-00132120-00132365 actually use email to communicate with
MPbMAPljFTE-00463-00132366-00132755 their faculty I see quite a lot of hands
MPbMAPljFTE-00464-00132756-00132995 so a push method we're going to push out
MPbMAPljFTE-00465-00132996-00133175 the information to the faculty member is
MPbMAPljFTE-00466-00133176-00133409 anybody pulling information from their
MPbMAPljFTE-00467-00133410-00133705 faculty members from their stakeholders
MPbMAPljFTE-00468-00133706-00134015 yes ma'am he's going to bring you the
MPbMAPljFTE-00469-00134016-00134714 mic we create in Sakai and with
MPbMAPljFTE-00470-00134715-00134996 different institutions sites of
MPbMAPljFTE-00471-00134997-00135398 communicate with the with different
MPbMAPljFTE-00472-00135399-00135878 tools to make the documentation direct
MPbMAPljFTE-00473-00135879-00136448 and for the problem and with groups so
MPbMAPljFTE-00474-00136449-00136778 that's really great because you have a
MPbMAPljFTE-00475-00136779-00137309 meeting every 15 days two weeks and but
MPbMAPljFTE-00476-00137310-00137704 you you have all the documentation and
MPbMAPljFTE-00477-00137705-00138032 with the new tool which guy is very nice
MPbMAPljFTE-00478-00138033-00138493 because you have the documentation in
MPbMAPljFTE-00479-00138494-00138935 inside but you have all by mail too so
MPbMAPljFTE-00480-00138936-00139478 it is very easy to to solve problems and
MPbMAPljFTE-00481-00139479-00139940 to get new IDI ideas from there nice yes
MPbMAPljFTE-00482-00139941-00141878 ma'am let's say our institution we have
MPbMAPljFTE-00483-00141879-00142097 a very small group of people who
MPbMAPljFTE-00484-00142098-00142340 actually work from the IT directly with
MPbMAPljFTE-00485-00142341-00142676 faculty concerning the LMS so really
MPbMAPljFTE-00486-00142677-00142964 there's two or three of us who work very
MPbMAPljFTE-00487-00142965-00143216 intimately with faculty on a daily basis
MPbMAPljFTE-00488-00143217-00143513 in fact we're embedded in the largest
MPbMAPljFTE-00489-00143514-00143822 classroom space building on campus so
MPbMAPljFTE-00490-00143823-00143972 we're right there and faculty know they
MPbMAPljFTE-00491-00143973-00144095 can just walk in if they have
MPbMAPljFTE-00492-00144096-00144287 and that's helped immensely but
MPbMAPljFTE-00493-00144288-00144676 communication wise we we look through
MPbMAPljFTE-00494-00144677-00144841 the service tickets I mean we're always
MPbMAPljFTE-00495-00144842-00145046 in there answering questions for faculty
MPbMAPljFTE-00496-00145047-00145301 anyway so we kind of monitor that and if
MPbMAPljFTE-00497-00145302-00145501 we see that there is a subject that
MPbMAPljFTE-00498-00145502-00145757 comes up you know a hot subject that's
MPbMAPljFTE-00499-00145758-00145970 confusing them more often than not then
MPbMAPljFTE-00500-00145971-00146144 that's what we base our communication on
MPbMAPljFTE-00501-00146145-00146341 that month you know we'll shoot out a
MPbMAPljFTE-00502-00146342-00146602 quick little video how-to on it we'll
MPbMAPljFTE-00503-00146603-00146810 focus on the weekly thing that goes out
MPbMAPljFTE-00504-00146811-00147016 to everybody from the IT that explains
MPbMAPljFTE-00505-00147017-00147214 it with a link to something we just kind
MPbMAPljFTE-00506-00147215-00147376 of keep our hand on the pulse a little
MPbMAPljFTE-00507-00147377-00147584 bit of if we can see that there's a
MPbMAPljFTE-00508-00147585-00147826 common problem with Sakai a confusion
MPbMAPljFTE-00509-00147827-00148022 something that in the upgrade that's
MPbMAPljFTE-00510-00148023-00148204 really seemed to confuse people that's
MPbMAPljFTE-00511-00148205-00148363 what we focus for communication on that
MPbMAPljFTE-00512-00148364-00148489 months I don't think you know that's
MPbMAPljFTE-00513-00148490-00148757 probably all that clever but the fact
MPbMAPljFTE-00514-00148758-00149009 that we're watching our service tickets
MPbMAPljFTE-00515-00149010-00149188 and kind of watching the conversation
MPbMAPljFTE-00516-00149189-00149389 happening there and confusion with the
MPbMAPljFTE-00517-00149390-00149612 helpdesk or whatever we kind of focus on
MPbMAPljFTE-00518-00149613-00149764 that on our communication for the month
MPbMAPljFTE-00519-00149765-00149984 to month basis I love that idea because
MPbMAPljFTE-00520-00149985-00150176 not only is that saying you're being
MPbMAPljFTE-00521-00150177-00150352 responsive to the larger group will
MPbMAPljFTE-00522-00150353-00150575 actually use the help desk and by the
MPbMAPljFTE-00523-00150576-00150766 way use it appropriately because we know
MPbMAPljFTE-00524-00150767-00151001 people don't always use the ticketing
MPbMAPljFTE-00525-00151002-00151145 system and the help desk the way it
MPbMAPljFTE-00526-00151146-00151331 should be used but it also shows that
MPbMAPljFTE-00527-00151332-00151625 you're documenting to your leadership
MPbMAPljFTE-00528-00151626-00151874 well you know faculty could be
MPbMAPljFTE-00529-00151875-00152135 complaining about X feature that doesn't
MPbMAPljFTE-00530-00152136-00152261 work but we don't have the helpdesk
MPbMAPljFTE-00531-00152262-00152525 tickets to show that our helpdesk team
MPbMAPljFTE-00532-00152526-00152819 doesn't have that information because
MPbMAPljFTE-00533-00152820-00153056 they may say it to you but we don't we
MPbMAPljFTE-00534-00153057-00153194 don't have a way to know that we're not
MPbMAPljFTE-00535-00153195-00153439 mind reader's out there so I actually
MPbMAPljFTE-00536-00153440-00153632 think it's extremely clever and I don't
MPbMAPljFTE-00537-00153633-00153719 know if you've thought about the
MPbMAPljFTE-00538-00153720-00153889 documentation piece and giving that to
MPbMAPljFTE-00539-00153890-00154116 your leadership but that's the focus of
MPbMAPljFTE-00540-00154117-00154448 kind of where your support is going it's
MPbMAPljFTE-00541-00154449-00154625 a great way to say this is how we're
MPbMAPljFTE-00542-00154626-00154816 prioritizing this is how we're doing our
MPbMAPljFTE-00543-00154817-00155038 work very easy we have service now it's
MPbMAPljFTE-00544-00155039-00155254 very easy in this ticket system to run a
MPbMAPljFTE-00545-00155255-00155515 quick report on which departments have
MPbMAPljFTE-00546-00155516-00155657 the most problems what kind of problems
MPbMAPljFTE-00547-00155658-00155924 they have I mean it's it's outstanding
MPbMAPljFTE-00548-00155925-00156115 and I would say in our oh I T Department
MPbMAPljFTE-00549-00156116-00156338 which is pretty big they're very
MPbMAPljFTE-00550-00156339-00156575 proactive in in running reports out of -
MPbMAPljFTE-00551-00156576-00156851 out of ServiceNow so yeah and you know
MPbMAPljFTE-00552-00156852-00157087 the other piece to that is I think it
MPbMAPljFTE-00553-00157088-00157312 kind of gets helps me segue to the next
MPbMAPljFTE-00554-00157313-00157460 slide here
MPbMAPljFTE-00555-00157461-00157589 which is this is kind of a never-ending
MPbMAPljFTE-00556-00157590-00157937 journey we're doing you know this isn't
MPbMAPljFTE-00557-00157938-00158162 going to stop and so the more you can
MPbMAPljFTE-00558-00158163-00158528 sit there and think about how you're
MPbMAPljFTE-00559-00158529-00158728 actually supporting the faculty and
MPbMAPljFTE-00560-00158729-00158975 showing your leadership those trends
MPbMAPljFTE-00561-00158976-00159158 because people don't like change
MPbMAPljFTE-00562-00159159-00159470 so Sakai 11 everybody went where did my
MPbMAPljFTE-00563-00159471-00159716 cheese go you know who moved my cheese
MPbMAPljFTE-00564-00159717-00159953 and why'd you move it and it wasn't the
MPbMAPljFTE-00565-00159954-00160279 right time and oh it affected this but
MPbMAPljFTE-00566-00160280-00160595 in the end people who are unhappy with
MPbMAPljFTE-00567-00160596-00160741 the change who are having problems
MPbMAPljFTE-00568-00160742-00160978 assimilating with that change who needs
MPbMAPljFTE-00569-00160979-00161234 support in that change are probably
MPbMAPljFTE-00570-00161235-00161465 going to be not the people who are
MPbMAPljFTE-00571-00161466-00161641 pulling out your helpdesk tickets but
MPbMAPljFTE-00572-00161642-00161909 are going to be the loudest and so you
MPbMAPljFTE-00573-00161910-00162176 can help support both those people who
MPbMAPljFTE-00574-00162177-00162563 do use the system and your leadership by
MPbMAPljFTE-00575-00162564-00162751 saying we'd love to hear their concerns
MPbMAPljFTE-00576-00162752-00163070 put in a ticket because that's how we
MPbMAPljFTE-00577-00163071-00163283 prioritize that's the way we work and
MPbMAPljFTE-00578-00163284-00163439 that takes us all the way back to the
MPbMAPljFTE-00579-00163440-00163757 communication piece because once your
MPbMAPljFTE-00580-00163758-00163925 stakeholders understand how you're
MPbMAPljFTE-00581-00163926-00164140 compiling that information how you're
MPbMAPljFTE-00582-00164141-00164261 getting that information together
MPbMAPljFTE-00583-00164262-00164629 they're more likely to use it instead of
MPbMAPljFTE-00584-00164630-00165020 running around just talking you know we
MPbMAPljFTE-00585-00165021-00165209 do we haven't had never ending journey
MPbMAPljFTE-00586-00165210-00165419 and I think we need to realize that as
MPbMAPljFTE-00587-00165420-00166065 support staff this doesn't stop yes sir
MPbMAPljFTE-00588-00166066-00166244 one of the things that we've done
MPbMAPljFTE-00589-00166245-00166508 particularly with our upgrade to Sakai
MPbMAPljFTE-00590-00166509-00166850 11 is identify well we have master
MPbMAPljFTE-00591-00166851-00167045 course templates that we import content
MPbMAPljFTE-00592-00167046-00167215 into the course teaching shells that are
MPbMAPljFTE-00593-00167216-00167428 used and so there's a set up process
MPbMAPljFTE-00594-00167429-00167612 that every faculty member has to go
MPbMAPljFTE-00595-00167613-00167807 through to get their course ready to
MPbMAPljFTE-00596-00167808-00168095 teach and so we've identified things
MPbMAPljFTE-00597-00168096-00168287 that faculty members need to know in
MPbMAPljFTE-00598-00168288-00168440 that course set up process and we've
MPbMAPljFTE-00599-00168441-00168743 created a set of videos and so we had
MPbMAPljFTE-00600-00168744-00168914 those in a library but you know people
MPbMAPljFTE-00601-00168915-00169157 weren't watching them so we're in the
MPbMAPljFTE-00602-00169158-00169462 process now of actually embedding those
MPbMAPljFTE-00603-00169463-00169997 videos in every course content that will
MPbMAPljFTE-00604-00169998-00170237 be moved over in a faculty guide so that
MPbMAPljFTE-00605-00170238-00170411 they'll be right there so if they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00606-00170412-00170537 going to the faculty guide which they
MPbMAPljFTE-00607-00170538-00170747 should be to help them figure out how to
MPbMAPljFTE-00608-00170748-00170834 teach the course
MPbMAPljFTE-00609-00170835-00171002 have those resources right there to be
MPbMAPljFTE-00610-00171003-00171352 able to set up the technology and so
MPbMAPljFTE-00611-00171353-00171640 putting the resources where they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00612-00171641-00171761 going to need them where they're going
MPbMAPljFTE-00613-00171762-00172090 to run into the problem to help them be
MPbMAPljFTE-00614-00172091-00172361 able to find it easily and when they
MPbMAPljFTE-00615-00172362-00172718 encounter that problem it's a great idea
MPbMAPljFTE-00616-00172719-00173021 it's real time right there at their
MPbMAPljFTE-00617-00173022-00173213 hands and again you have the
MPbMAPljFTE-00618-00173214-00173390 documentation to show you're reaching
MPbMAPljFTE-00619-00173391-00173693 out to the faculty member I can't
MPbMAPljFTE-00620-00173694-00173929 overemphasize that documentation piece
MPbMAPljFTE-00621-00173930-00174125 and the other piece I wanted to talk
MPbMAPljFTE-00622-00174126-00174302 about in this slide is you know faculty
MPbMAPljFTE-00623-00174303-00174577 members tend to or your stakeholders
MPbMAPljFTE-00624-00174578-00174739 whoever it be amusing these words kind
MPbMAPljFTE-00625-00174740-00175129 of anomaly here they want something they
MPbMAPljFTE-00626-00175130-00175373 come to us and a lot of times there are
MPbMAPljFTE-00627-00175374-00175595 things that have to happen beforehand I
MPbMAPljFTE-00628-00175596-00175886 see you nodding your head here and for
MPbMAPljFTE-00629-00175887-00176266 them it sounds like no oh I've got this
MPbMAPljFTE-00630-00176267-00176479 much paperwork to fill out or I have to
MPbMAPljFTE-00631-00176480-00176945 do requirements gathering oh you know
MPbMAPljFTE-00632-00176946-00177098 what does that mean the difference
MPbMAPljFTE-00633-00177099-00177338 between a need and a want you know Shawn
MPbMAPljFTE-00634-00177339-00177476 and I were having that discussion last
MPbMAPljFTE-00635-00177477-00177749 night at dinner if I want it is it a
MPbMAPljFTE-00636-00177750-00178031 need how do we communicate to them what
MPbMAPljFTE-00637-00178032-00178210 it even means to gather requirements
MPbMAPljFTE-00638-00178211-00178537 because all of this sounds like barriers
MPbMAPljFTE-00639-00178538-00178765 to our stakeholders and they don't
MPbMAPljFTE-00640-00178766-00179060 understand why so going back to the next
MPbMAPljFTE-00641-00179061-00179191 slide it's part of that communication
MPbMAPljFTE-00642-00179192-00179435 piece why are we doing this what's the
MPbMAPljFTE-00643-00179436-00179723 benefit for them in terms of us having
MPbMAPljFTE-00644-00179724-00179909 this information in place explaining it
MPbMAPljFTE-00645-00179910-00180236 instead of giving the list going through
MPbMAPljFTE-00646-00180237-00180490 the actual process of educating or
MPbMAPljFTE-00647-00180491-00180770 stakeholders about why why is this
MPbMAPljFTE-00648-00180771-00181027 necessary yeah I know it sounds like a
MPbMAPljFTE-00649-00181028-00181214 pain I'm really sorry yep there's
MPbMAPljFTE-00650-00181215-00181385 paperwork here but you know we all work
MPbMAPljFTE-00651-00181386-00181589 in our case for the federal government
MPbMAPljFTE-00652-00181590-00181804 so there are things we have to - before
MPbMAPljFTE-00653-00181805-00182018 we can look into this and yet that's a
MPbMAPljFTE-00654-00182019-00182252 lot of paperwork but it increases your
MPbMAPljFTE-00655-00182253-00182543 chance of getting to a positive outcome
MPbMAPljFTE-00656-00182544-00182866 it is part of the rules of what needs to
MPbMAPljFTE-00657-00182867-00183200 be done but I can tell you from a lot of
MPbMAPljFTE-00658-00183201-00183371 looking at the research out there people
MPbMAPljFTE-00659-00183372-00183512 just tend to give them well you've got
MPbMAPljFTE-00660-00183513-00183758 to fill out form 1432 then you have to
MPbMAPljFTE-00661-00183759-00183923 go get a signature from your dean and
MPbMAPljFTE-00662-00183924-00184175 then you have to go over here and get a
MPbMAPljFTE-00663-00184176-00184220 signal
MPbMAPljFTE-00664-00184221-00184760 from the VP of XY and Z and that's what
MPbMAPljFTE-00665-00184761-00184937 they hear but they don't understand why
MPbMAPljFTE-00666-00184938-00185135 what's the purpose of all of this why is
MPbMAPljFTE-00667-00185136-00185360 this in place and in the end it comes
MPbMAPljFTE-00668-00185361-00185630 back to your support stuff well they had
MPbMAPljFTE-00669-00185631-00185900 a ton of paperwork for me to do they and
MPbMAPljFTE-00670-00185901-00186113 you get into those you and they
MPbMAPljFTE-00671-00186114-00186260 conversations which aren't positive
MPbMAPljFTE-00672-00186261-00186557 which don't promote really a great
MPbMAPljFTE-00673-00186558-00188051 partnership between both teams so I got
MPbMAPljFTE-00674-00188052-00188219 to tell you that I'm a longtime Monty
MPbMAPljFTE-00675-00188220-00188429 Python fan not a surprise I'm sure there
MPbMAPljFTE-00676-00188430-00188585 a lot of you like that in the room here
MPbMAPljFTE-00677-00188586-00188942 today so it's a little excited when we
MPbMAPljFTE-00678-00188943-00189068 talked about this we're going to do
MPbMAPljFTE-00679-00189069-00189211 Monty Python is the theme for
MPbMAPljFTE-00680-00189212-00189428 conversation about working with faculty
MPbMAPljFTE-00681-00189429-00189650 in IT and in learning management system
MPbMAPljFTE-00682-00189651-00189839 delivery but there's also a little bit
MPbMAPljFTE-00683-00189840-00189980 concerned when I found out that the
MPbMAPljFTE-00684-00189981-00190133 Black Knight would be representing my
MPbMAPljFTE-00685-00190134-00190436 infrastructure teams work I wasn't sure
MPbMAPljFTE-00686-00190437-00190598 how to feel about that because on the
MPbMAPljFTE-00687-00190599-00190910 one hand well he's uh he's vigilant
MPbMAPljFTE-00688-00190911-00191240 that's for sure but at the same time is
MPbMAPljFTE-00689-00191241-00191453 the black knight he's kind of silly on
MPbMAPljFTE-00690-00191454-00191687 reflection though it's really you don't
MPbMAPljFTE-00691-00191688-00191861 watch Monty Python because you're going
MPbMAPljFTE-00692-00191862-00192041 to learn something every time you watch
MPbMAPljFTE-00693-00192042-00192179 it you're watching it for the
MPbMAPljFTE-00694-00192180-00192362 familiarity for the jokes you know
MPbMAPljFTE-00695-00192363-00192611 because you enjoy spending that time on
MPbMAPljFTE-00696-00192612-00192851 them and I think that's how the Black
MPbMAPljFTE-00697-00192852-00193019 Knight lends itself to being the
MPbMAPljFTE-00698-00193020-00193247 infrastructure metaphor because no
MPbMAPljFTE-00699-00193248-00193441 matter what you do you can plan ahead
MPbMAPljFTE-00700-00193442-00193697 better than anyone something's going to
MPbMAPljFTE-00701-00193698-00194009 go wrong Sakai will go down in the
MPbMAPljFTE-00702-00194010-00194201 middle of an exam during the most
MPbMAPljFTE-00703-00194202-00194468 important exam of the year despite all
MPbMAPljFTE-00704-00194469-00194636 your planning all your load testing
MPbMAPljFTE-00705-00194637-00194807 everything else these things are going
MPbMAPljFTE-00706-00194808-00195146 to happen and then big lesson which we
MPbMAPljFTE-00707-00195147-00195434 have learned is that you can't lose hope
MPbMAPljFTE-00708-00195435-00195710 you need to continue to attempt to
MPbMAPljFTE-00709-00195711-00196013 persevere you have to be transparent
MPbMAPljFTE-00710-00196014-00196292 with your users you have to tell them
MPbMAPljFTE-00711-00196293-00196583 why it went wrong now I'll throw myself
MPbMAPljFTE-00712-00196584-00196793 under the bus our sky went down in the
MPbMAPljFTE-00713-00196794-00197018 middle of a summative evaluation why
MPbMAPljFTE-00714-00197019-00197279 because we had a log in storm at the
MPbMAPljFTE-00715-00197280-00197447 same time that we had low entropy on the
MPbMAPljFTE-00716-00197448-00197645 system and we just exhausted
MPbMAPljFTE-00717-00197646-00197933 we couldn't connect to our database and
MPbMAPljFTE-00718-00197934-00198059 we went back and we did our analytics
MPbMAPljFTE-00719-00198060-00198361 we'd run three million hours of Linux
MPbMAPljFTE-00720-00198362-00198577 server operations the university over
MPbMAPljFTE-00721-00198578-00198778 the past five years never had that
MPbMAPljFTE-00722-00198779-00198823 problem
MPbMAPljFTE-00723-00198824-00199046 when does it happen it happens in the
MPbMAPljFTE-00724-00199047-00199273 middle of that summative evaluation
MPbMAPljFTE-00725-00199274-00199445 because that's just how these things go
MPbMAPljFTE-00726-00199446-00199789 and you all you can do is tell them why
MPbMAPljFTE-00727-00199790-00199963 it happened and what you're going to do
MPbMAPljFTE-00728-00199964-00200137 to solve the problem and keep it from
MPbMAPljFTE-00729-00200138-00200338 happening again in the future if you
MPbMAPljFTE-00730-00200339-00200611 can't get the trust from them if you
MPbMAPljFTE-00731-00200612-00200846 can't be honest and have a conversation
MPbMAPljFTE-00732-00200847-00201095 about it we're never going to work well
MPbMAPljFTE-00733-00201096-00201313 together going forward and they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00734-00201314-00201443 always going to look at infrastructure
MPbMAPljFTE-00735-00201444-00201664 as the black knight the sylia limbless
MPbMAPljFTE-00736-00201665-00201809 guy who's standing on the ground
MPbMAPljFTE-00737-00201810-00202010 shouting insults at you without any
MPbMAPljFTE-00738-00202011-00202279 ability to affect things and that's not
MPbMAPljFTE-00739-00202280-00202622 where we want to be we want to be a core
MPbMAPljFTE-00740-00202623-00203006 part of a larger conversation part of a
MPbMAPljFTE-00741-00203007-00204482 movie which we all enjoy so the right
MPbMAPljFTE-00742-00204483-00204832 little rabbit that nobody took seriously
MPbMAPljFTE-00743-00204833-00204994 how many people remember this scene from
MPbMAPljFTE-00744-00204996-00205630 the movie yeah huh it's the bunny with
MPbMAPljFTE-00745-00205631-00205871 the big pointy T's there we go but it's
MPbMAPljFTE-00746-00205871-00206080 just the bunny you know what are we
MPbMAPljFTE-00747-00206081-00206317 going to do it's just a bunny bunny
MPbMAPljFTE-00748-00206319-00206434 ain't going to hurt you I'll go take
MPbMAPljFTE-00749-00206435-00206535 care of that bunny
MPbMAPljFTE-00750-00206536-00206876 yeah well that bunny is the one that
MPbMAPljFTE-00751-00206877-00207148 gets you in the behind it's the one that
MPbMAPljFTE-00752-00207150-00207409 causes the most havoc it's the
MPbMAPljFTE-00753-00207410-00207610 unexpected things that are going to get
MPbMAPljFTE-00754-00207611-00207655 you
MPbMAPljFTE-00755-00207656-00207931 and we're really sitting here trying to
MPbMAPljFTE-00756-00207932-00208132 say that there are so many things that
MPbMAPljFTE-00757-00208133-00208585 play into our involvement with our core
MPbMAPljFTE-00758-00208586-00208834 community with our stakeholders but
MPbMAPljFTE-00759-00208835-00209011 don't forget the little unexpected
MPbMAPljFTE-00760-00209012-00209327 things the server unexpectedly going
MPbMAPljFTE-00761-00209328-00209723 down in the middle of a test okay major
MPbMAPljFTE-00762-00209723-00210137 assessment goes down it's part of that
MPbMAPljFTE-00763-00210138-00210314 partnership it's part of that previous
MPbMAPljFTE-00764-00210315-00210580 communication it's part of that trust
MPbMAPljFTE-00765-00210581-00210716 that you're building with your
MPbMAPljFTE-00766-00210717-00210902 stakeholders that's going to help you
MPbMAPljFTE-00767-00210903-00211033 get through these little onyx
MPbMAPljFTE-00768-00211034-00211391 things because trust me if it can break
MPbMAPljFTE-00769-00211392-00211667 I break it okay I have an innate ability
MPbMAPljFTE-00770-00211667-00211855 to have the bunny come but pretty much
MPbMAPljFTE-00771-00211856-00212206 on a daily yeah a daily event in my own
MPbMAPljFTE-00772-00212207-00212516 personal life computer doesn't turn on
MPbMAPljFTE-00773-00212517-00212842 no reason but think about all the
MPbMAPljFTE-00774-00212844-00212983 faculty members that are coming to you
MPbMAPljFTE-00775-00212984-00213217 for those unexpected big events but
MPbMAPljFTE-00776-00213217-00213415 one-on-ones take care of it
MPbMAPljFTE-00777-00213416-00213796 you know how you communicate with your
MPbMAPljFTE-00778-00213797-00213962 institution about the big bunnies that
MPbMAPljFTE-00779-00213963-00214147 are out there or the little ones that
MPbMAPljFTE-00780-00214148-00214294 take out a core amount of people how
MPbMAPljFTE-00781-00214296-00214576 that's communicated what the resolution
MPbMAPljFTE-00782-00214577-00214787 is to the problem what are the next
MPbMAPljFTE-00783-00214788-00214954 steps that are going to take care of
MPbMAPljFTE-00784-00214955-00215122 that problem and make it not happen
MPbMAPljFTE-00785-00215123-00215462 again what did we do well you know
MPbMAPljFTE-00786-00215463-00215639 Shawn's sitting here more than willing
MPbMAPljFTE-00787-00215640-00215908 to throw himself under the bus you know
MPbMAPljFTE-00788-00215909-00216202 but we have to be able to do that and
MPbMAPljFTE-00789-00216203-00216376 say there's nothing we can do about it
MPbMAPljFTE-00790-00216377-00216682 life happens things happen and they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00791-00216683-00216842 unexpected and these are the things we
MPbMAPljFTE-00792-00216842-00216955 do to make sure this doesn't happen
MPbMAPljFTE-00793-00216956-00217265 again we can't promise it's never going
MPbMAPljFTE-00794-00217266-00217541 to happen again but what we can actually
MPbMAPljFTE-00795-00217542-00217814 say is that we have steps in place to
MPbMAPljFTE-00796-00217815-00217999 help ensure and do our best that it
MPbMAPljFTE-00797-00218000-00218245 won't and it's also part of that
MPbMAPljFTE-00798-00218246-00218444 communication piece where is your
MPbMAPljFTE-00799-00218444-00218639 communication when the bunny comes up
MPbMAPljFTE-00800-00218640-00218917 and bites everybody how do you inform
MPbMAPljFTE-00801-00218919-00219196 the larger group where's your leadership
MPbMAPljFTE-00802-00219197-00219467 in forming that group and how is your
MPbMAPljFTE-00803-00219467-00219622 leadership actually supporting your team
MPbMAPljFTE-00804-00219623-00219808 to make sure those bunnies actually get
MPbMAPljFTE-00805-00219809-00219975 taken care of
MPbMAPljFTE-00806-00219976-00220207 why are decisions made the way they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00807-00220208-00220691 made and I'd love to hear if anybody has
MPbMAPljFTE-00808-00220692-00221044 any methods they're using to ensure the
MPbMAPljFTE-00809-00221046-00221658 unexpected things result in less havoc
MPbMAPljFTE-00810-00221659-00223540 any ideas on that yes ma'am
MPbMAPljFTE-00811-00223541-00224015 so we had a fun experience with a final
MPbMAPljFTE-00812-00224016-00224311 exam as well a couple years ago and the
MPbMAPljFTE-00813-00224312-00224666 professor admittedly setup the worst
MPbMAPljFTE-00814-00224667-00224876 case scenario for this thing to fail
MPbMAPljFTE-00815-00224877-00225169 he had like I'm not kidding like a
MPbMAPljFTE-00816-00225171-00225500 hundred question pools with you know ten
MPbMAPljFTE-00817-00225501-00225673 questions in each one he was doing a
MPbMAPljFTE-00818-00225675-00226067 randomized quiz brandon mised exam he
MPbMAPljFTE-00819-00226067-00226382 had a lockdown browser he had 300
MPbMAPljFTE-00820-00226383-00226544 students taking it at the same time so
MPbMAPljFTE-00821-00226544-00226696 they simultaneously all logged in at the
MPbMAPljFTE-00822-00226698-00226898 same time and everything you do to
MPbMAPljFTE-00823-00226898-00227231 prepare for it there's nothing you can
MPbMAPljFTE-00824-00227232-00227421 do in it when it breaks and it broke bad
MPbMAPljFTE-00825-00227423-00227885 so we sat down with them you know the
MPbMAPljFTE-00826-00227886-00228110 next couple days after we got everything
MPbMAPljFTE-00827-00228111-00228469 figured out and we really put forth the
MPbMAPljFTE-00828-00228471-00228796 effort then moving forward to work with
MPbMAPljFTE-00829-00228798-00229028 him very proactively on how we can fix
MPbMAPljFTE-00830-00229029-00229271 this because there's so much you can ask
MPbMAPljFTE-00831-00229271-00229523 of a system and after that point for us
MPbMAPljFTE-00832-00229523-00229738 we just you know you're beating yourself
MPbMAPljFTE-00833-00229739-00230087 against your head against the wall so we
MPbMAPljFTE-00834-00230088-00230231 worked out some plans for him if he
MPbMAPljFTE-00835-00230232-00230504 wanted to continue in that style you
MPbMAPljFTE-00836-00230505-00230684 know how to do staggered starts on it
MPbMAPljFTE-00837-00230685-00230840 maybe every five minutes a group of
MPbMAPljFTE-00838-00230841-00231083 students whatever but then going forward
MPbMAPljFTE-00839-00231084-00231392 as he tried then to other systems along
MPbMAPljFTE-00840-00231392-00231509 the course of the next couple of years
MPbMAPljFTE-00841-00231510-00231814 we really just stood in the classroom
MPbMAPljFTE-00842-00231815-00232133 during the exam with him we just gave
MPbMAPljFTE-00843-00232134-00232292 him the presence that we were there so
MPbMAPljFTE-00844-00232292-00232511 that if you know ten students
MPbMAPljFTE-00845-00232512-00232658 simultaneously stand up with their
MPbMAPljFTE-00846-00232659-00232856 laptops and move forward going towards
MPbMAPljFTE-00847-00232857-00233087 him there were support staff around that
MPbMAPljFTE-00848-00233088-00233261 could all answer the questions for him
MPbMAPljFTE-00849-00233262-00233453 we just basically had a show of force
MPbMAPljFTE-00850-00233454-00233678 you know we're here supporting you if
MPbMAPljFTE-00851-00233679-00233852 you want to do this we we don't
MPbMAPljFTE-00852-00233853-00234023 recommend that you do this but you're
MPbMAPljFTE-00853-00234023-00234233 going to do it anyway so we're here to
MPbMAPljFTE-00854-00234234-00234416 help you but we can't take the blame if
MPbMAPljFTE-00855-00234417-00234683 you move forward doing something that we
MPbMAPljFTE-00856-00234684-00234902 would recommend you not do but we still
MPbMAPljFTE-00857-00234903-00235091 wanted to help support him in any way we
MPbMAPljFTE-00858-00235092-00235430 could so that's basically what we did we
MPbMAPljFTE-00859-00235431-00235546 you know the inevitable is going to
MPbMAPljFTE-00860-00235548-00235763 happen but if you stand behind them and
MPbMAPljFTE-00861-00235764-00235901 tell them you're at least going to help
MPbMAPljFTE-00862-00235902-00236081 them you may not be able to fix it right
MPbMAPljFTE-00863-00236082-00236204 away but you'll be able to answer a lot
MPbMAPljFTE-00864-00236205-00236276 of outline
MPbMAPljFTE-00865-00236277-00236450 questions and support him then I think
MPbMAPljFTE-00866-00236451-00236648 they really appreciate the fact that you
MPbMAPljFTE-00867-00236649-00236889 do have their back as I T we have to do
MPbMAPljFTE-00868-00236890-00237092 that for them because they can't solve
MPbMAPljFTE-00869-00237093-00237410 these problems on their own if they
MPbMAPljFTE-00870-00237411-00237596 don't heed our advice there's not a lot
MPbMAPljFTE-00871-00237597-00237758 we can do but at least we're helping him
MPbMAPljFTE-00872-00237759-00238034 but you said that to them yeah you said
MPbMAPljFTE-00873-00238035-00238184 that to them and I think that's kind of
MPbMAPljFTE-00874-00238185-00238580 key in helping prepare our stakeholders
MPbMAPljFTE-00875-00238581-00238910 for the results of their actions we
MPbMAPljFTE-00876-00238911-00239123 don't recommend you do this this has a
MPbMAPljFTE-00877-00239124-00239324 lot of potential pitfalls that will
MPbMAPljFTE-00878-00239325-00239732 cause you issues you know we see the
MPbMAPljFTE-00879-00239733-00239996 rabbit with the red eyes and the big
MPbMAPljFTE-00880-00239997-00240419 teeth over there and you need to know
MPbMAPljFTE-00881-00240420-00240677 that this will have consequences because
MPbMAPljFTE-00882-00240678-00240813 a lot of people are afraid to say that
MPbMAPljFTE-00883-00240814-00241109 this could break it it could break it
MPbMAPljFTE-00884-00241110-00241346 people don't say that to their
MPbMAPljFTE-00885-00241347-00241587 stakeholders what you're doing has
MPbMAPljFTE-00886-00241588-00241802 consequences what you're doing could
MPbMAPljFTE-00887-00241803-00242074 break it we're not set up for this
MPbMAPljFTE-00888-00242075-00242439 because we as support staff feel like
MPbMAPljFTE-00889-00242440-00242603 it's our duty to make sure everything
MPbMAPljFTE-00890-00242604-00242814 works all the time when in reality we
MPbMAPljFTE-00891-00242815-00243233 know what those limitations are so again
MPbMAPljFTE-00892-00243234-00243572 and any other suggestions ideas that the
MPbMAPljFTE-00893-00243573-00244175 group would like to share alrighty we're
MPbMAPljFTE-00894-00244176-00244366 there we go
MPbMAPljFTE-00895-00244367-00244764 we do something similar in terms of just
MPbMAPljFTE-00896-00244765-00244967 planning for the unexpected so a lot of
MPbMAPljFTE-00897-00244968-00245153 times when we sit down with faculty if
MPbMAPljFTE-00898-00245154-00245339 they're using technology what we say is
MPbMAPljFTE-00899-00245340-00245558 if this fails do you have a back-up plan
MPbMAPljFTE-00900-00245559-00245684 just to make sure that they have
MPbMAPljFTE-00901-00245685-00245819 something if it's something as simple as
MPbMAPljFTE-00902-00245820-00246080 having printed off paper copies of the
MPbMAPljFTE-00903-00246081-00246365 exam so that they can easily have those
MPbMAPljFTE-00904-00246366-00246687 ready or if we all have a pool of
MPbMAPljFTE-00905-00246688-00246914 laptops as backup in case one or two
MPbMAPljFTE-00906-00246915-00247067 students come in and their equipment
MPbMAPljFTE-00907-00247068-00247389 fails so those we do those kinds of
MPbMAPljFTE-00908-00247390-00247531 things and then if we know there are
MPbMAPljFTE-00909-00247532-00247778 kind of you know kind of the most
MPbMAPljFTE-00910-00247779-00247955 inopportune times during a high-stakes
MPbMAPljFTE-00911-00247956-00248210 exam during those times we do similarly
MPbMAPljFTE-00912-00248211-00248447 we do a show of force so beginning of
MPbMAPljFTE-00913-00248448-00248664 the term midterms finals we make sure
MPbMAPljFTE-00914-00248665-00248846 that we have people double-check things
MPbMAPljFTE-00915-00248847-00249098 and we have we have staff that are that
MPbMAPljFTE-00916-00249099-00249410 are available so that along with again
MPbMAPljFTE-00917-00249411-00249660 kind of just having them think about if
MPbMAPljFTE-00918-00249661-00249867 things don't work what's your back-up
MPbMAPljFTE-00919-00249867-00249992 plan just having them think through that
MPbMAPljFTE-00920-00249994-00250319 has made a big difference and it's you
MPbMAPljFTE-00921-00250321-00250527 know having that communication with your
MPbMAPljFTE-00922-00250528-00250728 stakeholders as well when do those
MPbMAPljFTE-00923-00250729-00250953 things come up having that conversation
MPbMAPljFTE-00924-00250954-00251133 with their leadership about when exactly
MPbMAPljFTE-00925-00251134-00251409 are these high stakes pieces that you
MPbMAPljFTE-00926-00251410-00251546 may not even know about that are going
MPbMAPljFTE-00927-00251548-00251850 on I mean some institutions are so large
MPbMAPljFTE-00928-00251851-00251996 you don't have that insight if they're
MPbMAPljFTE-00929-00251998-00252156 not going to talk to you so developing
MPbMAPljFTE-00930-00252157-00252369 back that conversation with those
MPbMAPljFTE-00931-00252369-00252783 stakeholders well thank you very much
MPbMAPljFTE-00932-00252784-00253128 for sharing today our contact is up
MPbMAPljFTE-00933-00253129-00253292 there and if there are any other
MPbMAPljFTE-00934-00253294-00253931 questions we have about a minute or so
MPbMAPljFTE-00935-00253932-00254242 all righty well thank you very much
MPbMAPljFTE-00936-00254244-00254482 [Applause]
MSnJb18BAVY-00000-00000003-00000302 hey guys welcome back to empty G arena
MSnJb18BAVY-00001-00000303-00000524 and I think you all know from
MSnJb18BAVY-00002-00000525-00000788 considering that from the last episode
MSnJb18BAVY-00003-00000789-00001025 I'm from now on I feel like I'm just
MSnJb18BAVY-00004-00001026-00001303 gonna be doing practice from now on and
MSnJb18BAVY-00005-00001304-00001544 I'll just do these off-camera and I know
MSnJb18BAVY-00006-00001545-00001852 this may seem kind of boring for some of
MSnJb18BAVY-00007-00001853-00002090 you but as long as I can actually use
MSnJb18BAVY-00008-00002091-00002264 these decks that I really like and I get
MSnJb18BAVY-00009-00002265-00002467 to win with them I do get to feel good
MSnJb18BAVY-00010-00002468-00002897 about myself that's why I do this so I'm
MSnJb18BAVY-00011-00002898-00003260 sorry if L waited oh that's okay yeah
MSnJb18BAVY-00012-00003261-00003536 they just recently made it update I'm
MSnJb18BAVY-00013-00003536-00003695 just now looking at everything
MSnJb18BAVY-00014-00003696-00004072 everything's new but I think the deck
MSnJb18BAVY-00015-00004073-00004370 down gonna be showing up next I think
MSnJb18BAVY-00016-00004371-00004961 it's going to be I think this one I even
MSnJb18BAVY-00017-00004962-00005585 used this one that much and yes as well
MSnJb18BAVY-00018-00005586-00005759 be how the rest of the series is going
MSnJb18BAVY-00019-00005760-00006887 to be like I hope you all enjoy
MSnJb18BAVY-00020-00006888-00007366 it seems to be lagging for some reason
MSnJb18BAVY-00021-00007367-00007630 and it's a button and it's usually it
MSnJb18BAVY-00022-00007631-00008042 loads immediately oh I gave him press
MSnJb18BAVY-00023-00008043-00008305 the cancel button
MSnJb18BAVY-00024-00008306-00008588 hey and like I did just say they just
MSnJb18BAVY-00026-00013281-00013553 I'm gonna place this down next so I have
MSnJb18BAVY-00027-00013554-00013960 to be too worried about projects
MSnJb18BAVY-00028-00013961-00015063 they're usually
MSnJb18BAVY-00029-00015065-00016125 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00030-00016126-00018799 she might be sorry y'all heard that I
MSnJb18BAVY-00031-00018800-00019194 was just scooching my chair a little bit
MSnJb18BAVY-00032-00019195-00020821 perfect I think I'd rather have another
MSnJb18BAVY-00033-00020822-00022618 lamb right now oh she might have an
MSnJb18BAVY-00034-00022619-00022891 instan because that was clicking away
MSnJb18BAVY-00035-00022892-00023590 like she had one oh really she still
MSnJb18BAVY-00037-00026687-00026908 has a she had a sixty card deck just
MSnJb18BAVY-00038-00026908-00029052 like me I'm gonna like this down first
MSnJb18BAVY-00039-00029052-00029562 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00040-00029563-00031395 yeah I don't see whenever we're honest
MSnJb18BAVY-00041-00031397-00031642 things name is is dealt damage each
MSnJb18BAVY-00042-00031643-00033814 opponents sacrifices of thing there but
MSnJb18BAVY-00043-00033815-00033940 see this is why I mean like being
MSnJb18BAVY-00044-00033941-00034111 product myself like a deck that I
MSnJb18BAVY-00045-00034112-00034408 actually believe in I need to be ripped
MSnJb18BAVY-00046-00034409-00035077 off by bunch of try-hards no I'm not
MSnJb18BAVY-00047-00035078-00035206 like this you know this is actually a
MSnJb18BAVY-00048-00035207-00035596 free good card to what it does they
MSnJb18BAVY-00049-00035597-00035971 attack me I flip a coin if it's heads I
MSnJb18BAVY-00050-00035972-00036187 think if it keeps going its heads I get
MSnJb18BAVY-00051-00036188-00036466 to summon that amount of the exact same
MSnJb18BAVY-00052-00036467-00038239 monster I believe that's how all the way
MSnJb18BAVY-00053-00038240-00038908 Oh enters the battle my mistake it's not
MSnJb18BAVY-00054-00038909-00039142 when I attack I should activated that
MSnJb18BAVY-00055-00039143-00041365 first although I got this guy
MSnJb18BAVY-00056-00041366-00041602 then don't worry guys this won't me deal
MSnJb18BAVY-00057-00041603-00041777 they all get to our battle on tour I
MSnJb18BAVY-00058-00041778-00042629 complete this one although I don't
MSnJb18BAVY-00059-00042630-00042805 really have to sign because I'm using
MSnJb18BAVY-00060-00042806-00042905 business right now
MSnJb18BAVY-00062-00052030-00052969 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00063-00052970-00054619 oh wow and they get haste - now I'm
MSnJb18BAVY-00064-00054620-00054784 gonna show up another DeKnight thing I
MSnJb18BAVY-00065-00054785-00054979 believe I did in the last episode I
MSnJb18BAVY-00066-00054979-00055204 don't think it's got enough screen time
MSnJb18BAVY-00067-00055204-00055716 so I'll use it again and I believe it
MSnJb18BAVY-00068-00055717-00056029 was this one there's actually one of my
MSnJb18BAVY-00069-00056029-00057899 favorite decks and maybe after this
MSnJb18BAVY-00070-00057900-00059054 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00071-00059055-00061232 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00072-00061233-00064008 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00073-00064009-00065262 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00074-00065263-00067531 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00076-00070581-00070935 it's acting
MSnJb18BAVY-00077-00070936-00073864 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00078-00073865-00074846 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00079-00074847-00077475 actually I think I want their tech trees
MSnJb18BAVY-00080-00077476-00077682 and only lasted on one turn so you just
MSnJb18BAVY-00081-00077683-00078681 write your own monster or nothing yeah
MSnJb18BAVY-00082-00078682-00081544 go right
MSnJb18BAVY-00083-00081545-00082735 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00084-00082736-00083662 I have enough to use her ability or him
MSnJb18BAVY-00085-00083663-00086125 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00086-00086126-00086732 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00087-00086733-00088173 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00089-00091309-00091927 also paying for that I keep forgetting
MSnJb18BAVY-00090-00091928-00092197 his name let's the creature that's like
MSnJb18BAVY-00091-00092198-00092569 nine attacking talking listen when it
MSnJb18BAVY-00092-00092570-00092854 comes onto the field all mana gets
MSnJb18BAVY-00093-00092855-00093347 untapped immediately such a good country
MSnJb18BAVY-00094-00093348-00094207 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00095-00094208-00096221 and now I'm just gonna finish off there
MSnJb18BAVY-00096-00096222-00096539 now I'll buy some hats and CY can get
MSnJb18BAVY-00097-00096540-00098090 for this new event that's going on yeah
MSnJb18BAVY-00098-00098091-00100648 it's gonna be lagging again a little bit
MSnJb18BAVY-00099-00100649-00101114 of this but that's basically that one
MSnJb18BAVY-00100-00101115-00101429 other card that's also small that does
MSnJb18BAVY-00101-00101430-00102578 the exact same thing is that okay that's
MSnJb18BAVY-00102-00102579-00102626 pretty good
MSnJb18BAVY-00103-00102627-00104203 if you're using a light one yeah cute
MSnJb18BAVY-00104-00104204-00104579 right tributed wand deals one damage to
MSnJb18BAVY-00105-00104580-00104884 any target when it is put into the grave
MSnJb18BAVY-00106-00104885-00105026 you're from the battlefield it deals
MSnJb18BAVY-00107-00105027-00105338 five damage to each target pretty
MSnJb18BAVY-00108-00105339-00106002 impressive
MSnJb18BAVY-00109-00106003-00106331 never dragon wins deals combat damage to
MSnJb18BAVY-00110-00106332-00106520 a player each player discards their hand
MSnJb18BAVY-00111-00106521-00106739 and draw in cards
MSnJb18BAVY-00112-00106740-00108977 oh wow another counter yeah so many
MSnJb18BAVY-00113-00108978-00109181 other people who use count decks or so
MSnJb18BAVY-00114-00109182-00110649 arm do use that okay
MSnJb18BAVY-00115-00110650-00110915 okay I guess that's pretty good if you
MSnJb18BAVY-00116-00110916-00112436 can't really attack voluminous that's
MSnJb18BAVY-00117-00112438-00112770 flying in death touch when enters the
MSnJb18BAVY-00118-00112771-00113088 battlefield with plus one counters on it
MSnJb18BAVY-00119-00113089-00113298 for each different mana cost among non
MSnJb18BAVY-00120-00113299-00113507 laying cards in your graveyard
MSnJb18BAVY-00121-00113508-00113907 okay I mean it's like kind of like a
MSnJb18BAVY-00122-00113908-00114195 late-game card if you got like a Monster
MSnJb18BAVY-00123-00114196-00114564 Mash deck end it's filled all this build
MSnJb18BAVY-00124-00114565-00114720 into the graveyard it becomes a really
MSnJb18BAVY-00125-00114721-00116093 powerful
MSnJb18BAVY-00126-00116094-00116476 no I just got another new planeswalker
MSnJb18BAVY-00127-00116477-00116903 [Music]
MSnJb18BAVY-00128-00116904-00117243 not this Pyromancer Oh lentils you
MSnJb18BAVY-00129-00117244-00117414 control get plus two into your table
MSnJb18BAVY-00130-00117415-00117726 until the end of the turn add two man
MSnJb18BAVY-00131-00117727-00118149 Mountain manna and deals two damage to
MSnJb18BAVY-00132-00118150-00118660 any target I guess I'm just basically a
MSnJb18BAVY-00133-00118661-00119124 support card really it's not really and
MSnJb18BAVY-00134-00119125-00119571 um I'll be an extreme white like all of
MSnJb18BAVY-00135-00119572-00120008 the other planeswalkers without this
MSnJb18BAVY-00136-00120008-00120417 when gallows tireless pilgrim into the
MSnJb18BAVY-00137-00120418-00120564 battlefield you may search your library
MSnJb18BAVY-00138-00120565-00120780 for a land car put the cards without
MSnJb18BAVY-00139-00120781-00121113 field tap and shuffle your library and
MSnJb18BAVY-00140-00121114-00121365 you play this amount of mana exile a top
MSnJb18BAVY-00141-00121366-00121563 three card to your library you may play
MSnJb18BAVY-00142-00121564-00121833 them this turn without either mana cost
MSnJb18BAVY-00143-00121833-00122202 of the one two three four five six seven
MSnJb18BAVY-00144-00122203-00122499 mana or you need one of every minute to
MSnJb18BAVY-00145-00122500-00123966 do that I'm not gonna bother reading
MSnJb18BAVY-00146-00123967-00124313 then that's too much
MSnJb18BAVY-00147-00124314-00124647 well looks like that's all of them let's
MSnJb18BAVY-00148-00124648-00124872 see what I can do with those cards I got
MSnJb18BAVY-00149-00124873-00125031 maybe I'll make a deck and show it off
MSnJb18BAVY-00150-00125032-00125301 next time next episode I'll see you all
MSnJb18BAVY-00151-00125302-00125561 next time
MSL4xya4sWc-00000-00000003-00000337 seven surveyors engineers and architects
MSL4xya4sWc-00001-00000338-00000509 are never required to factor the
MSL4xya4sWc-00002-00000509-00000676 supposed curvature of the earth into
MSL4xya4sWc-00003-00000677-00000937 their projects canals railways bridges
MSL4xya4sWc-00004-00000938-00001202 and tunnels for example are always cut
MSL4xya4sWc-00005-00001203-00001424 and laid horizontally often over
MSL4xya4sWc-00006-00001425-00001634 hundreds of miles without any allowance
MSL4xya4sWc-00007-00001635-00001951 for curvature 8 the Suez Canal
MSL4xya4sWc-00008-00001952-00002159 connecting the Mediterranean with the
MSL4xya4sWc-00009-00002160-00002420 Red Sea is a hundred miles long without
MSL4xya4sWc-00010-00002421-00002617 any locks making the water an
MSL4xya4sWc-00011-00002618-00002900 uninterrupted continuation of the two
MSL4xya4sWc-00012-00002901-00003149 seas when constructed the Earth's
MSL4xya4sWc-00013-00003150-00003361 supposin curvature was not taken into
MSL4xya4sWc-00014-00003363-00003595 account it was dug along a horizontal
MSL4xya4sWc-00015-00003596-00003895 datum line 26 feet below sea level
MSL4xya4sWc-00016-00003896-00004142 passing through several lakes from one
MSL4xya4sWc-00017-00004143-00004376 sea to the other with the datum line and
MSL4xya4sWc-00018-00004377-00004550 the water's surface running perfectly
MSL4xya4sWc-00019-00004551-00004881 parallel over the hundred miles mine
MSL4xya4sWc-00020-00004882-00005186 engineer W Winkler was published in the
MSL4xya4sWc-00021-00005187-00005435 earth review regarding the Earth's
MSL4xya4sWc-00022-00005436-00005695 supposed curvature stating as an
MSL4xya4sWc-00023-00005696-00005927 engineer of many years standing I saw
MSL4xya4sWc-00024-00005928-00006109 that this absurd allowance is only
MSL4xya4sWc-00025-00006110-00006343 permitted in schoolbooks no engineer
MSL4xya4sWc-00026-00006344-00006517 would dream of allowing anything of the
MSL4xya4sWc-00027-00006518-00006559 kind
MSL4xya4sWc-00028-00006561-00006820 I have projected many miles of railways
MSL4xya4sWc-00029-00006822-00007016 and many more of canals and the
MSL4xya4sWc-00030-00007017-00007244 allowance has not even been thought of
MSL4xya4sWc-00031-00007245-00007514 much less allowed for this allowance for
MSL4xya4sWc-00032-00007515-00007771 curvature means this that it is 8 inches
MSL4xya4sWc-00033-00007772-00007952 for the first mile of a canal and
MSL4xya4sWc-00034-00007953-00008138 increasing at the ratio by the square of
MSL4xya4sWc-00035-00008139-00008273 the distance and miles
MSL4xya4sWc-00036-00008274-00008534 thus a small navigable canal for boats
MSL4xya4sWc-00037-00008535-00008912 say 30 miles long will have by the above
MSL4xya4sWc-00038-00008913-00009173 rule an allowance for curvature of 600
MSL4xya4sWc-00039-00009174-00009401 feet think of that and then please
MSL4xya4sWc-00040-00009402-00009617 credit engineers is not being quite such
MSL4xya4sWc-00041-00009618-00009928 fools nothing of the sort is allowed we
MSL4xya4sWc-00042-00009929-00010160 no more think of allowing 600 feet for a
MSL4xya4sWc-00043-00010161-00010388 line of 30 miles of railway or canal
MSL4xya4sWc-00044-00010389-00010577 than of wasting our time trying to
MSL4xya4sWc-00045-00010578-00010919 square the circle hem the London and
MSL4xya4sWc-00046-00010920-00011126 North Western Railway forms a straight
MSL4xya4sWc-00047-00011127-00011410 line 180 miles long between London and
MSL4xya4sWc-00048-00011411-00011642 Liverpool the railroads highest point
MSL4xya4sWc-00049-00011643-00011953 Midway at Birmingham station is only 240
MSL4xya4sWc-00050-00011954-00012059 feet above sea level
MSL4xya4sWc-00051-00012060-00012248 if the world were actually a globe
MSL4xya4sWc-00052-00012249-00012449 however curving 8 inches per mile
MSL4xya4sWc-00053-00012450-00012734 squared the 180 mile stretch of rail
MSL4xya4sWc-00054-00012735-00012919 would form an arc with the center point
MSL4xya4sWc-00055-00012920-00013210 at Birmingham raised over a mile a full
MSL4xya4sWc-00056-00013211-00013403 5,400 feet above London
MSL4xya4sWc-00057-00013404-00013760 and Liverpool 11 a surveyor and engineer
MSL4xya4sWc-00058-00013761-00013955 of 30 years published in the Birmingham
MSL4xya4sWc-00059-00013956-00014236 weekly mercury stated I am thoroughly
MSL4xya4sWc-00060-00014237-00014383 acquainted with the theory and practice
MSL4xya4sWc-00061-00014384-00014545 of civil engineering
MSL4xya4sWc-00062-00014546-00014747 however bigoted some of our professors
MSL4xya4sWc-00063-00014747-00014917 may be in the theory of surveying
MSL4xya4sWc-00064-00014918-00015200 according to the prescribed rules yet it
MSL4xya4sWc-00065-00015201-00015422 is well known amongst us that such
MSL4xya4sWc-00066-00015422-00015647 theoretical measurements are incapable
MSL4xya4sWc-00067-00015647-00015955 of any practical illustration all our
MSL4xya4sWc-00068-00015956-00016141 locomotives are designed to run on what
MSL4xya4sWc-00069-00016143-00016420 may be regarded as true levels or flats
MSL4xya4sWc-00070-00016421-00016694 there are of course partial inclines or
MSL4xya4sWc-00071-00016695-00016892 gradients here and there but they are
MSL4xya4sWc-00072-00016893-00017128 always accurately defined and must be
MSL4xya4sWc-00073-00017129-00017353 carefully traversed but anything
MSL4xya4sWc-00074-00017354-00017519 approaching to eight inches in the mile
MSL4xya4sWc-00075-00017520-00017719 increasing as the square of the distance
MSL4xya4sWc-00076-00017720-00017978 could not be worked by any engine that
MSL4xya4sWc-00077-00017979-00018233 was ever yet constructed taking one
MSL4xya4sWc-00078-00018234-00018458 station with another all over England
MSL4xya4sWc-00079-00018459-00018706 and Scotland it may be stated that while
MSL4xya4sWc-00080-00018707-00018911 the platforms are on the same relative
MSL4xya4sWc-00081-00018912-00019150 level the distance between eastern and
MSL4xya4sWc-00082-00019151-00019369 western coasts of England may be set
MSL4xya4sWc-00083-00019370-00019514 down as 300 miles
MSL4xya4sWc-00084-00019515-00019747 if the prescribed curvature was indeed
MSL4xya4sWc-00085-00019748-00019987 as represented the central stations at
MSL4xya4sWc-00086-00019988-00020267 rugby or Warwick ought to be close upon
MSL4xya4sWc-00087-00020268-00020483 three miles higher than a chord drawn
MSL4xya4sWc-00088-00020484-00020611 from the two extremities
MSL4xya4sWc-00089-00020612-00020852 if such was the case there is not a
MSL4xya4sWc-00090-00020853-00021097 driver or stoker within the kingdom that
MSL4xya4sWc-00091-00021098-00021242 would be found to take charge of the
MSL4xya4sWc-00092-00021243-00021503 Train we can only laugh at those of your
MSL4xya4sWc-00093-00021504-00021755 readers who seriously give us credit for
MSL4xya4sWc-00094-00021756-00021968 such venturesome exploits as running
MSL4xya4sWc-00095-00021969-00022280 trains round spherical curves horizontal
MSL4xya4sWc-00096-00022281-00022461 curves on levels are dangerous enough
MSL4xya4sWc-00097-00022462-00022669 vertical curves would be a thousand
MSL4xya4sWc-00098-00022670-00022878 times worse and with our rolling stock
MSL4xya4sWc-00099-00022879-00023177 constructed as at present physically
MSL4xya4sWc-00100-00023178-00023564 impossible 12 the Manchester Ship Canal
MSL4xya4sWc-00101-00023565-00023761 Company published in the earth review
MSL4xya4sWc-00102-00023762-00024019 stated it is customary in railway and
MSL4xya4sWc-00103-00024020-00024262 canal constructions for all levels to be
MSL4xya4sWc-00104-00024263-00024508 referred to a datum which is nominally
MSL4xya4sWc-00105-00024509-00024728 horizontal and is so shown on all
MSL4xya4sWc-00106-00024729-00025018 sections it is not the practice in
MSL4xya4sWc-00107-00025019-00025180 laying out public works to make
MSL4xya4sWc-00108-00025181-00025342 allowances for the curvature of the
MSL4xya4sWc-00109-00025343-00025693 earth 13 in a 19th century French
MSL4xya4sWc-00110-00025694-00026108 experiment by mm Bo and arago a powerful
MSL4xya4sWc-00111-00026108-00026342 lamp with good reflectors was placed on
MSL4xya4sWc-00112-00026343-00026630 the summit of Desio della Palma in Spain
MSL4xya4sWc-00113-00026631-00026708 and
MSL4xya4sWc-00114-00026710-00026898 able to be seen all the way from Capri
MSL4xya4sWc-00115-00026899-00027189 on the island of Ibiza since the
MSL4xya4sWc-00116-00027189-00027345 elevation of the two points were
MSL4xya4sWc-00117-00027345-00027513 identical and the distance between
MSL4xya4sWc-00118-00027514-00027711 covered nearly a hundred miles
MSL4xya4sWc-00119-00027712-00027891 if the earth were about twenty-five
MSL4xya4sWc-00120-00027892-00028101 thousand miles in circumference the
MSL4xya4sWc-00121-00028102-00028314 light should have been more than sixty
MSL4xya4sWc-00122-00028314-00028524 six hundred feet a mile and a quarter
MSL4xya4sWc-00123-00028525-00028902 below the line of sight fourteen the
MSL4xya4sWc-00124-00028902-00029124 lieutenant-colonel Portlock experiment
MSL4xya4sWc-00125-00029125-00029420 used oxy-hydrogen Drummond's lights and
MSL4xya4sWc-00126-00029420-00029670 heliostats to reflect the sun's rays
MSL4xya4sWc-00127-00029670-00029919 across stations set up across a hundred
MSL4xya4sWc-00128-00029920-00030135 and eight miles of st. George's channel
MSL4xya4sWc-00129-00030136-00030369 if the earth were actually about twenty
MSL4xya4sWc-00130-00030370-00030522 five thousand miles in circumference
MSL4xya4sWc-00131-00030523-00030750 port locks light should have remained
MSL4xya4sWc-00132-00030751-00030924 hidden under a mile and a half of
MSL4xya4sWc-00133-00030925-00031170 curvature
MThoPsc0KjM-00000-00000685-00000990 hi my name is Alfonso Chicago I'm an IT
MThoPsc0KjM-00001-00000991-00001167 fellow and this is my second year
MThoPsc0KjM-00002-00001168-00001326 working as an IT fellow at the school of
MThoPsc0KjM-00003-00001327-00001544 social work I'm pretty happy to be here
MThoPsc0KjM-00004-00001545-00001779 I'm also after year PhD student within
MThoPsc0KjM-00005-00001780-00001937 the comparative and international
MThoPsc0KjM-00006-00001938-00003520 development education program
MThoPsc0KjM-00007-00003521-00003775 one of the spires of working in Peters
MThoPsc0KjM-00008-00003776-00003929 one night is being able to work with
MThoPsc0KjM-00009-00003929-00004261 Peter and Jackie and living in the
MThoPsc0KjM-00010-00004262-00004586 environment calm environment of Peters
MThoPsc0KjM-00011-00004587-00005403 hall
MThoPsc0KjM-00012-00005404-00005832 I believe it's important to look both
MThoPsc0KjM-00013-00005833-00006018 forwards and backwards at the same time
MThoPsc0KjM-00014-00006019-00006318 if you can and my major in college was
MThoPsc0KjM-00015-00006319-00006509 history but at the same time I love
MThoPsc0KjM-00016-00006511-00006753 technology and gadgets and what's new so
MThoPsc0KjM-00017-00006754-00007419 I believe in having that bounce flash
MThoPsc0KjM-00018-00007420-00007686 cards two iPads from pencils to
MThoPsc0KjM-00019-00007687-00008175 computers and laptops and wireless or a
MThoPsc0KjM-00020-00008176-00008424 good old lecture and a microphone and a
MThoPsc0KjM-00021-00008425-00008787 podium and collaborative tools and
MThoPsc0KjM-00022-00008788-00009035 individual tools I think every tool
MThoPsc0KjM-00023-00009036-00009299 improves the flexibility that we can
MThoPsc0KjM-00024-00009300-00009495 help with in a classroom learning to
MThoPsc0KjM-00025-00009496-00009885 master new tools is learning to be able
MThoPsc0KjM-00026-00009886-00010107 to splain as a yes in a different life
MThoPsc0KjM-00027-00010108-00010346 so I look forward to helping you with
MThoPsc0KjM-00028-00010347-00010563 that
MTwCpxeV3JY-00000-00000003-00000323 an aquifer as an underground layer of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00001-00000324-00000545 water barring permeable rock rock
MTwCpxeV3JY-00002-00000546-00000805 fractures or unconsolidated materials
MTwCpxeV3JY-00003-00000806-00001202 gravel sand or silt groundwater can be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00004-00001203-00001490 extracted using a water well the study
MTwCpxeV3JY-00005-00001491-00001702 of water flow in aquifers and the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00006-00001703-00001945 characterization of aquifers is called
MTwCpxeV3JY-00007-00001946-00002275 hydrogeology related terms include
MTwCpxeV3JY-00008-00002276-00002476 aquitard which is a bed of low
MTwCpxeV3JY-00009-00002477-00002732 permeability along an aquifer an aqua
MTwCpxeV3JY-00010-00002733-00002950 clewd or aqua fuge which is a solid
MTwCpxeV3JY-00011-00002951-00003247 impermeable area underlying or overlying
MTwCpxeV3JY-00012-00003248-00003329 an aquifer
MTwCpxeV3JY-00013-00003329-00003647 if the impermeable area over leads the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00014-00003647-00003838 aquifer pressure could cause it to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00015-00003839-00004534 become a confined aquifer
MTwCpxeV3JY-00016-00004535-00005040 topic depth
MTwCpxeV3JY-00017-00005041-00005299 aquafers may occur at various depths
MTwCpxeV3JY-00018-00005300-00005602 those closer to the surface are not only
MTwCpxeV3JY-00019-00005603-00005839 more likely to be used for water supply
MTwCpxeV3JY-00020-00005840-00006058 and irrigation but are also more likely
MTwCpxeV3JY-00021-00006059-00006315 to be topped up by the local rainfall
MTwCpxeV3JY-00022-00006316-00006631 many desert areas have limestone hills
MTwCpxeV3JY-00023-00006631-00006829 or mountains within them or close to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00024-00006830-00006996 them that can be exploited as
MTwCpxeV3JY-00025-00006997-00007327 groundwater resources part of the Atlas
MTwCpxeV3JY-00026-00007328-00007567 Mountains in North Africa the Lebanon
MTwCpxeV3JY-00027-00007568-00007834 and anti Lebanon ranges between Syria
MTwCpxeV3JY-00028-00007834-00008086 and Lebanon the Jebel Akhdar in Oman
MTwCpxeV3JY-00029-00008087-00008284 parts of the Sierra Nevada and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00030-00008285-00008512 neighboring ranges in the United States
MTwCpxeV3JY-00031-00008513-00008760 Southwest have shallow aquifers that are
MTwCpxeV3JY-00032-00008761-00009013 exploited for their water over
MTwCpxeV3JY-00033-00009014-00009226 exploitation can lead to the exceeding
MTwCpxeV3JY-00034-00009227-00009469 of the practical sustained yield ie
MTwCpxeV3JY-00035-00009470-00009673 more water as taken out than can be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00036-00009674-00009963 replenished along the coastlines of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00037-00009964-00010188 certain countries such as Libya and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00038-00010189-00010483 Israel increased water usage associated
MTwCpxeV3JY-00039-00010484-00010690 with population growth has caused a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00040-00010691-00010876 lowering of the water table and the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00041-00010877-00011056 subsequent contamination of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00042-00011057-00011372 groundwater with salt water from the sea
MTwCpxeV3JY-00043-00011373-00011588 a beach provides a model to help
MTwCpxeV3JY-00044-00011589-00011897 visualize an aquifer if a hole has dug
MTwCpxeV3JY-00045-00011898-00012179 into the sand very wet or saturated sand
MTwCpxeV3JY-00046-00012180-00012485 will be located at a shallow depth this
MTwCpxeV3JY-00047-00012486-00012704 hole has accrued well the wet sand
MTwCpxeV3JY-00048-00012705-00012944 represents an aquifer and the level to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00049-00012944-00013133 which the water rises in this hole
MTwCpxeV3JY-00050-00013134-00013405 represents the water table
MTwCpxeV3JY-00051-00013406-00013738 in 2013 large freshwater aquifers were
MTwCpxeV3JY-00052-00013740-00013963 discovered under continental shelves off
MTwCpxeV3JY-00053-00013965-00014263 Australia China North America and South
MTwCpxeV3JY-00054-00014265-00014605 Africa they contain an estimated half a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00055-00014606-00014933 million cubic kilometers of low salinity
MTwCpxeV3JY-00056-00014934-00015166 water that could be economically
MTwCpxeV3JY-00057-00015168-00015419 processed into potable water the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00058-00015419-00015644 reserves formed when ocean levels were
MTwCpxeV3JY-00059-00015644-00015859 lower and rainwater made its way into
MTwCpxeV3JY-00060-00015860-00016087 the ground in land areas that were not
MTwCpxeV3JY-00061-00016088-00016414 submerged until the ice age ended 20,000
MTwCpxeV3JY-00062-00016415-00016742 years ago the volume is estimated to be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00063-00016743-00017027 100 times the amount of water extracted
MTwCpxeV3JY-00064-00017028-00017794 from other aquifers since 1900
MTwCpxeV3JY-00065-00017795-00018376 topic classification
MTwCpxeV3JY-00066-00018377-00018658 the system shows two aquifers with one
MTwCpxeV3JY-00067-00018659-00018907 aquitard a confining or impermeable
MTwCpxeV3JY-00068-00018908-00019114 layer between them surrounded by the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00069-00019115-00019360 bedrock a quick load which is in contact
MTwCpxeV3JY-00070-00019361-00019600 with a gaining stream typical in humid
MTwCpxeV3JY-00071-00019601-00019903 regions the water table and unsaturated
MTwCpxeV3JY-00072-00019904-00020317 zone are also illustrated an aqua tart
MTwCpxeV3JY-00073-00020318-00020482 as a zone within the earth that
MTwCpxeV3JY-00074-00020483-00020683 restricts the flow of groundwater from
MTwCpxeV3JY-00075-00020684-00021025 one aquifer to another an aquitard can
MTwCpxeV3JY-00076-00021026-00021286 sometimes if completely impermeable be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00077-00021287-00021613 called an aqua clewd or aqua fuge aqua
MTwCpxeV3JY-00078-00021614-00021820 tardes are composed of layers of either
MTwCpxeV3JY-00079-00021821-00022045 clay or non porous rock with low
MTwCpxeV3JY-00080-00022046-00022698 hydraulic conductivity
MTwCpxeV3JY-00081-00022699-00023386 topic saturated versus unsaturated
MTwCpxeV3JY-00082-00023387-00023638 groundwater can be found at nearly every
MTwCpxeV3JY-00083-00023639-00023830 point in the Earth's shallow subsurface
MTwCpxeV3JY-00084-00023831-00024118 to some degree although aquifers do not
MTwCpxeV3JY-00085-00024119-00024439 necessarily contain freshwater the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00086-00024440-00024649 earth's crust can be divided into two
MTwCpxeV3JY-00087-00024650-00024919 regions the saturated zone or phreatic
MTwCpxeV3JY-00088-00024920-00025294 zone eg aquifers aqua tardes etc where
MTwCpxeV3JY-00089-00025295-00025494 all available spaces are filled with
MTwCpxeV3JY-00090-00025495-00025764 water and the unsaturated zone also
MTwCpxeV3JY-00091-00025766-00025971 called the vadose zone where there are
MTwCpxeV3JY-00092-00025972-00026190 still pockets of air that contains some
MTwCpxeV3JY-00093-00026191-00026505 water but can be filled with more water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00094-00026506-00026764 saturated means the pressure head of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00095-00026764-00026905 water as greater than atmospheric
MTwCpxeV3JY-00096-00026906-00027181 pressure it has a gauge pressure greater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00097-00027182-00027483 than zero the definition of the water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00098-00027485-00027670 table as the surface where the pressure
MTwCpxeV3JY-00099-00027670-00027886 head is equal to atmospheric pressure
MTwCpxeV3JY-00100-00027887-00028242 where gauge pressure equals zero
MTwCpxeV3JY-00101-00028243-00028507 unsaturated conditions occur above the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00102-00028508-00028693 water table where the pressure head is
MTwCpxeV3JY-00103-00028694-00028945 negative absolute pressure can never be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00104-00028945-00029173 negative but gauge pressure can and the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00105-00029174-00029395 water that incompletely fills the pores
MTwCpxeV3JY-00106-00029395-00029640 of the aquifer material as under suction
MTwCpxeV3JY-00107-00029641-00029908 the water content in the unsaturated
MTwCpxeV3JY-00108-00029908-00030175 zone is held in place by surface
MTwCpxeV3JY-00109-00030176-00030412 adhesive forces and it rises above the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00110-00030413-00030621 water table the zero gauge pressure
MTwCpxeV3JY-00111-00030622-00030912 isobar by capillary action to saturate a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00112-00030913-00031108 small zone above the phreatic surface
MTwCpxeV3JY-00113-00031108-00031360 the capillary fringe at less than
MTwCpxeV3JY-00114-00031361-00031642 atmospheric pressure this is termed
MTwCpxeV3JY-00115-00031643-00031882 tension saturation and is not the same
MTwCpxeV3JY-00116-00031883-00032175 as saturation on a water content basis
MTwCpxeV3JY-00117-00032176-00032461 water content in a capillary fringe
MTwCpxeV3JY-00118-00032462-00032695 decreases with increasing distance from
MTwCpxeV3JY-00119-00032695-00033025 the phreatic surface the capillary head
MTwCpxeV3JY-00120-00033026-00033390 depends on soil pore size in sandy soils
MTwCpxeV3JY-00121-00033391-00033627 with larger pores the head will be less
MTwCpxeV3JY-00122-00033628-00033896 than in clay soils with very small pores
MTwCpxeV3JY-00123-00033897-00034249 the normal capillary rise in a clay soil
MTwCpxeV3JY-00124-00034250-00034606 is less than 1.8 meters 6 feet but can
MTwCpxeV3JY-00125-00034607-00035014 range between 0.3 and 10 meters 1 and 33
MTwCpxeV3JY-00126-00035015-00035254 feet the capillary rise of water in a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00127-00035255-00035506 small diameter tube involves the same
MTwCpxeV3JY-00128-00035507-00035848 physical process the water table as the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00129-00035849-00036055 level to which water will rise in a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00130-00036056-00036373 large diameter pipe eg a well that goes
MTwCpxeV3JY-00131-00036374-00036613 down into the aquifer and is open to the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00132-00036614-00036838 atmosphere
MTwCpxeV3JY-00133-00036839-00037181 you
MTwCpxeV3JY-00134-00037182-00037833 topic aquafers versus aqua tardes
MTwCpxeV3JY-00135-00037834-00038135 aquifers are typically saturated regions
MTwCpxeV3JY-00136-00038136-00038324 of the subsurface that produce an
MTwCpxeV3JY-00137-00038325-00038555 economically feasible quantity of water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00138-00038556-00038893 to a well or spring eg sand and gravel
MTwCpxeV3JY-00139-00038894-00039115 or fractured bedrock often make good
MTwCpxeV3JY-00140-00039116-00039499 aquifer materials an aqua tart as a zone
MTwCpxeV3JY-00141-00039500-00039683 within the earth that restricts the flow
MTwCpxeV3JY-00142-00039684-00039914 of groundwater from one aquifer to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00143-00039915-00040193 another a completely impermeable
MTwCpxeV3JY-00144-00040194-00040448 aquitard is called an aquiclude or aqua
MTwCpxeV3JY-00145-00040449-00040733 fuge aqua tardes comprise layers of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00146-00040734-00040979 either clay or non porous rock with low
MTwCpxeV3JY-00147-00040980-00041318 hydraulic conductivity in mountainous
MTwCpxeV3JY-00148-00041319-00041536 areas or near rivers in mountainous
MTwCpxeV3JY-00149-00041537-00041790 areas the main aquifers are typically
MTwCpxeV3JY-00150-00041791-00042029 unconsolidated alluvium composed of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00151-00042030-00042271 mostly horizontal layers of materials
MTwCpxeV3JY-00152-00042272-00042554 deposited by water processes rivers and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00153-00042555-00042790 streams which in cross-section looking
MTwCpxeV3JY-00154-00042791-00042983 at a two-dimensional slice of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00155-00042984-00043177 aquifer appear to be layers of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00156-00043178-00043429 alternating coarse and fine materials
MTwCpxeV3JY-00157-00043430-00043699 coarse materials because of the high
MTwCpxeV3JY-00158-00043700-00043936 energy needed to move them tend to be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00159-00043937-00044177 found near the source mountain fronts or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00160-00044178-00044423 rivers whereas the fine-grained material
MTwCpxeV3JY-00161-00044424-00044630 will make it farther from the source to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00162-00044631-00044801 the flatter parts of the basin or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00163-00044802-00045076 overbank areas sometimes called the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00164-00045077-00045343 pressure area since there are less
MTwCpxeV3JY-00165-00045344-00045565 fine-grained deposits near the source
MTwCpxeV3JY-00166-00045566-00045961 this is a place where aquifers are often
MTwCpxeV3JY-00167-00045962-00046396 unconformity munication with the land
MTwCpxeV3JY-00168-00046397-00046954 surface
MTwCpxeV3JY-00169-00046955-00047607 topic confined versus unconfined
MTwCpxeV3JY-00170-00047608-00047817 there are two end members in the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00171-00047818-00048060 spectrum of types of aquifers confined
MTwCpxeV3JY-00172-00048061-00048339 and unconfined with semi confined being
MTwCpxeV3JY-00173-00048340-00048665 in between unconfined aquifers are
MTwCpxeV3JY-00174-00048666-00048911 sometimes also called water table or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00175-00048912-00049139 phreatic aquifers because their upper
MTwCpxeV3JY-00176-00049140-00049383 boundary as the water table or phreatic
MTwCpxeV3JY-00177-00049384-00049743 surface see biscayne aquifer typically
MTwCpxeV3JY-00178-00049744-00050012 but not always the shallowest aquifer at
MTwCpxeV3JY-00179-00050013-00050277 a given location as unconfined meaning
MTwCpxeV3JY-00180-00050278-00050477 it does not have a confining layer an
MTwCpxeV3JY-00181-00050478-00050724 aquitard or aquiclude between it and the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00182-00050725-00051126 surface the term perched refers to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00183-00051127-00051377 groundwater accumulating above a low
MTwCpxeV3JY-00184-00051378-00051629 permeability unit or strata such as a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00185-00051630-00051960 clay layer this term is generally used
MTwCpxeV3JY-00186-00051961-00052196 to refer to a small local area of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00187-00052197-00052419 groundwater that occurs at an elevation
MTwCpxeV3JY-00188-00052420-00052638 higher than a regionally extensive
MTwCpxeV3JY-00189-00052639-00052923 aquifer the difference between perched
MTwCpxeV3JY-00190-00052924-00053160 and unconfined aquifers as their size
MTwCpxeV3JY-00191-00053161-00053516 perched is smaller confined aquifers or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00192-00053517-00053697 aquifers that are Overland by a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00193-00053698-00053956 confining layer often made up of clay
MTwCpxeV3JY-00194-00053957-00054225 the confining layer might offer some
MTwCpxeV3JY-00195-00054226-00054551 protection from surface contamination if
MTwCpxeV3JY-00196-00054552-00054822 the distinction between confined and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00197-00054823-00055106 unconfined is not clear geologically ie
MTwCpxeV3JY-00198-00055107-00055376 if it is not known if a clear confining
MTwCpxeV3JY-00199-00055377-00055665 layer exists or if the geology is more
MTwCpxeV3JY-00200-00055666-00055955 complex eg a fractured bedrock aquifer
MTwCpxeV3JY-00201-00055957-00056238 the value of storativity returned from
MTwCpxeV3JY-00202-00056239-00056463 an aquifer test can be used to determine
MTwCpxeV3JY-00203-00056464-00056717 it although aquifer tests in unconfined
MTwCpxeV3JY-00204-00056719-00056904 aquifers should be interpreted
MTwCpxeV3JY-00205-00056904-00057225 differently than confined ones confined
MTwCpxeV3JY-00206-00057226-00057441 aquifers have very low storativity
MTwCpxeV3JY-00207-00057441-00057837 values much less than 0.01 and as little
MTwCpxeV3JY-00208-00057838-00058086 as ten minus five which means that the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00209-00058087-00058292 aquifer is storing water using the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00210-00058294-00058551 mechanisms of aquifer matrix expansion
MTwCpxeV3JY-00211-00058552-00058761 and the compressibility of water which
MTwCpxeV3JY-00212-00058762-00058943 typically are both quite small
MTwCpxeV3JY-00213-00058944-00059243 quantities unconfined aquifers have
MTwCpxeV3JY-00214-00059244-00059490 storativity x' typically then called
MTwCpxeV3JY-00215-00059491-00059925 specific yield greater than 0.01 1% of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00216-00059926-00060150 bulk volume they release water from
MTwCpxeV3JY-00217-00060151-00060366 storage by the mechanism of actually
MTwCpxeV3JY-00218-00060366-00060525 draining the pores of the aquifer
MTwCpxeV3JY-00219-00060526-00060767 releasing relatively large amounts of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00220-00060769-00060968 water up to the drainable pore
MTwCpxeV3JY-00221-00060969-00061178 city of the aquifer material or the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00222-00061179-00061889 minimum volumetric water content
MTwCpxeV3JY-00223-00061890-00062571 topic isotropic versus anisotropic
MTwCpxeV3JY-00224-00062572-00062889 in isotropic aquifers or aquifer layers
MTwCpxeV3JY-00225-00062890-00063195 the hydraulic conductivity K is equal
MTwCpxeV3JY-00226-00063196-00063416 for flow in all directions while in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00227-00063417-00063629 anisotropic conditions it differs
MTwCpxeV3JY-00228-00063630-00063960 notably in horizontal KH and vertical K
MTwCpxeV3JY-00229-00063961-00064419 V sense semi confined aquifers with one
MTwCpxeV3JY-00230-00064420-00064599 or more aqua tards work as in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00231-00064600-00064812 anisotropic system even when the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00232-00064813-00065040 separate layers are isotropic because
MTwCpxeV3JY-00233-00065041-00065328 the compound KH and kV values are
MTwCpxeV3JY-00234-00065329-00065535 different see hydraulic transmissivity
MTwCpxeV3JY-00235-00065536-00065850 and hydraulic resistance when
MTwCpxeV3JY-00236-00065851-00066084 calculating flow two drains are flow two
MTwCpxeV3JY-00237-00066085-00066366 wells in an aquifer the anisotropy has
MTwCpxeV3JY-00238-00066367-00066564 to be taken into account lest the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00239-00066565-00066747 resulting design of the drainage system
MTwCpxeV3JY-00240-00066748-00067385 may be faulty
MTwCpxeV3JY-00241-00067386-00067976 topic pooris versus karst
MTwCpxeV3JY-00242-00067977-00068228 to properly manage an aquifer its
MTwCpxeV3JY-00243-00068229-00068480 properties must be understood many
MTwCpxeV3JY-00244-00068481-00068714 properties must be known to predict how
MTwCpxeV3JY-00245-00068715-00068906 an aquifer will respond to rainfall
MTwCpxeV3JY-00246-00068907-00069287 drought pumping and contamination where
MTwCpxeV3JY-00247-00069288-00069434 and how much water enters the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00248-00069435-00069673 groundwater from rainfall and snowmelt
MTwCpxeV3JY-00249-00069674-00069956 how fast in what direction does the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00250-00069957-00070232 groundwater travel how much water leaves
MTwCpxeV3JY-00251-00070233-00070433 the ground as Springs and evaporation
MTwCpxeV3JY-00252-00070434-00070736 how much water can be sustainably pumped
MTwCpxeV3JY-00253-00070737-00070964 out how quickly will a contamination
MTwCpxeV3JY-00254-00070965-00071164 incident reach a well our spring
MTwCpxeV3JY-00255-00071165-00071441 computer models can be used to test how
MTwCpxeV3JY-00256-00071442-00071633 accurately the understanding of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00257-00071634-00071843 aquifer properties matches the actual
MTwCpxeV3JY-00258-00071844-00072182 aquifer performance environmental
MTwCpxeV3JY-00259-00072183-00072452 regulations require sites with potential
MTwCpxeV3JY-00260-00072453-00072698 sources of contamination to demonstrate
MTwCpxeV3JY-00261-00072699-00072857 that the hydrology has been
MTwCpxeV3JY-00262-00072858-00073422 characterized
MTwCpxeV3JY-00263-00073423-00073891 topic pooris
MTwCpxeV3JY-00264-00073892-00074197 porous aquifers typically occur in sand
MTwCpxeV3JY-00265-00074198-00074457 and sandstone porous aquifer properties
MTwCpxeV3JY-00266-00074458-00074730 depend on the depositional sedimentary
MTwCpxeV3JY-00267-00074731-00074919 environment and later natural
MTwCpxeV3JY-00268-00074920-00075213 cementation of the sand grains the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00269-00075214-00075423 environment whereas and body was
MTwCpxeV3JY-00270-00075424-00075678 deposited controls the orientation of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00271-00075679-00075897 the sand grains the horizontal and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00272-00075898-00076116 vertical variations and the distribution
MTwCpxeV3JY-00273-00076117-00076467 of shale layers even thin shale layers
MTwCpxeV3JY-00274-00076468-00076692 are important barriers to groundwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00275-00076693-00076950 flow all these factors affect the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00276-00076951-00077197 porosity and permeability of sandy
MTwCpxeV3JY-00277-00077198-00077487 aquifers sandy deposits formed in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00278-00077488-00077688 shallow marine environments and in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00279-00077689-00077919 windblown sand dune environments have
MTwCpxeV3JY-00280-00077920-00078117 moderate to high permeability while
MTwCpxeV3JY-00281-00078118-00078322 sandy deposits formed in river
MTwCpxeV3JY-00282-00078323-00078519 environments have low to moderate
MTwCpxeV3JY-00283-00078520-00078876 permeability rainfall and snowmelt enter
MTwCpxeV3JY-00284-00078877-00079080 the groundwater where the aquifer is
MTwCpxeV3JY-00285-00079081-00079356 near the surface groundwater flow
MTwCpxeV3JY-00286-00079357-00079540 directions can be determined from
MTwCpxeV3JY-00287-00079541-00079779 potentiometric surface maps of water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00288-00079780-00080118 levels in wells and Springs aquifer
MTwCpxeV3JY-00289-00080119-00080349 tests and weld tests can be used with
MTwCpxeV3JY-00290-00080350-00080574 Darcy's law flow equations to determine
MTwCpxeV3JY-00291-00080575-00080803 the ability of a porous aquifer to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00292-00080804-00081117 convey water analyzing this type of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00293-00081118-00081351 information over an area gives an
MTwCpxeV3JY-00294-00081352-00081573 indication how much water can be pumped
MTwCpxeV3JY-00295-00081574-00081744 without over drafting and how
MTwCpxeV3JY-00296-00081745-00082053 contamination will travel in porous
MTwCpxeV3JY-00297-00082054-00082293 aquifers groundwater flows as slow
MTwCpxeV3JY-00298-00082294-00082601 seepage and pores between sand grains a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00299-00082602-00082854 groundwater flow rate of one foot per
MTwCpxeV3JY-00300-00082855-00083253 day 0.3 meters D is considered to be a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00301-00083254-00083460 high rate for porous aquifers as
MTwCpxeV3JY-00302-00083461-00083710 illustrated by the water slowly seeping
MTwCpxeV3JY-00303-00083711-00083937 from sandstone in the accompanying image
MTwCpxeV3JY-00304-00083938-00084483 to the left
MTwCpxeV3JY-00305-00084484-00084951 topic karst
MTwCpxeV3JY-00306-00084952-00085230 karst aquifers typically develop in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00307-00085231-00085491 limestone surface water containing
MTwCpxeV3JY-00308-00085492-00085776 natural carbonic acid moves down into
MTwCpxeV3JY-00309-00085777-00086057 small fissures in limestone this
MTwCpxeV3JY-00310-00086058-00086298 carbonic acid gradually dissolves
MTwCpxeV3JY-00311-00086299-00086547 limestone thereby enlarging the fissures
MTwCpxeV3JY-00312-00086548-00086826 the enlarged fissures allow a larger
MTwCpxeV3JY-00313-00086827-00087038 quantity of water to enter which leads
MTwCpxeV3JY-00314-00087039-00087319 to a progressive enlargement of openings
MTwCpxeV3JY-00315-00087320-00087600 abundant small openings store a large
MTwCpxeV3JY-00316-00087601-00087888 quantity of water the larger openings
MTwCpxeV3JY-00317-00087889-00088119 create a conduit system that drains the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00318-00088120-00088461 aquifer to Springs characterization of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00319-00088462-00088671 karst aquifers requires field
MTwCpxeV3JY-00320-00088672-00088971 exploration to locate sinkholes swalot
MTwCpxeV3JY-00321-00088972-00089193 s-- sinking streams and springs in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00322-00089194-00089492 addition to studying geologic maps
MTwCpxeV3JY-00323-00089493-00089754 conventional hydrogeological
MTwCpxeV3JY-00324-00089755-00089985 such as aquifer tests and potentiometric
MTwCpxeV3JY-00325-00089986-00090246 mapping are insufficient to characterize
MTwCpxeV3JY-00326-00090247-00090573 the complexity of karst aquifers these
MTwCpxeV3JY-00327-00090574-00090825 conventional investigation methods need
MTwCpxeV3JY-00328-00090826-00091032 to be supplemented with dye traces
MTwCpxeV3JY-00329-00091033-00091251 measurement of spring discharges and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00330-00091252-00091569 analysis of water chemistry US
MTwCpxeV3JY-00331-00091570-00091815 Geological Survey died tracing has
MTwCpxeV3JY-00332-00091816-00092034 determined that conventional groundwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00333-00092035-00092169 models that assume a uniform
MTwCpxeV3JY-00334-00092170-00092442 distribution of porosity are not
MTwCpxeV3JY-00335-00092443-00092769 applicable for karst aquifers linear
MTwCpxeV3JY-00336-00092770-00092979 alignment of surface features such as
MTwCpxeV3JY-00337-00092980-00093188 straight stream segments and sinkholes
MTwCpxeV3JY-00338-00093189-00093576 develop along fracture traces locating a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00339-00093577-00093822 well in a fracture trace or intersection
MTwCpxeV3JY-00340-00093823-00094026 of fracture traces increases the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00341-00094027-00094215 likelihood to encounter good water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00342-00094216-00094551 production voids in karst aquifers can
MTwCpxeV3JY-00343-00094552-00094767 be large enough to cause destructive
MTwCpxeV3JY-00344-00094768-00094971 collapse or subsidence of the ground
MTwCpxeV3JY-00345-00094972-00095207 surface that can create a catastrophic
MTwCpxeV3JY-00346-00095208-00095529 release of contaminants groundwater flow
MTwCpxeV3JY-00347-00095530-00095760 rate in karst aquifers is much more
MTwCpxeV3JY-00348-00095761-00096000 rapid than in porous aquifers as shown
MTwCpxeV3JY-00349-00096001-00096212 in the accompanying image to the left
MTwCpxeV3JY-00350-00096213-00096459 for example in the Barton Springs
MTwCpxeV3JY-00351-00096460-00096762 Edwards Aquifer died traces measured the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00352-00096763-00097068 karst groundwater flow rates from 0.5 to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00353-00097069-00097698 7 miles per day 0.82 11.3 kilometres d
MTwCpxeV3JY-00354-00097699-00097953 rapid groundwater flow rates make karst
MTwCpxeV3JY-00355-00097954-00098138 aquifers much more sensitive to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00356-00098139-00098379 groundwater contamination than porous
MTwCpxeV3JY-00357-00098380-00098970 aquifers
MTwCpxeV3JY-00358-00098971-00099672 topic groundwater in rock formations
MTwCpxeV3JY-00359-00099673-00099930 groundwater may exist in underground
MTwCpxeV3JY-00360-00099931-00100257 rivers eg caves where water flows freely
MTwCpxeV3JY-00361-00100258-00100581 underground this may occur in eroded
MTwCpxeV3JY-00362-00100582-00100785 limestone areas known as karst
MTwCpxeV3JY-00363-00100786-00101025 topography which make up only a small
MTwCpxeV3JY-00364-00101026-00101364 percentage of Earth's area more usual as
MTwCpxeV3JY-00365-00101365-00101562 that the pore spaces of rocks in the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00366-00101563-00101796 subsurface are simply saturated with
MTwCpxeV3JY-00367-00101797-00102135 water like a kitchen sponge which can be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00368-00102136-00102354 pumped out for agricultural industrial
MTwCpxeV3JY-00369-00102355-00102659 or municipal uses
MTwCpxeV3JY-00370-00102660-00102935 if a rock unit of low porosity is highly
MTwCpxeV3JY-00371-00102936-00103128 fractured it can also make a good
MTwCpxeV3JY-00372-00103129-00103371 aquifer via fissure flow provided the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00373-00103372-00103550 rock has a hydraulic conductivity
MTwCpxeV3JY-00374-00103551-00103791 sufficient to facilitate movement of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00375-00103792-00104168 water porosities important but alone it
MTwCpxeV3JY-00376-00104169-00104391 does not determine a rocks ability to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00377-00104392-00104703 act as an aquifer areas of the Deccan
MTwCpxeV3JY-00378-00104704-00104976 Traps a basaltic lava in West Central
MTwCpxeV3JY-00379-00104977-00105174 India are good examples of rock
MTwCpxeV3JY-00380-00105175-00105432 formations with high porosity but low
MTwCpxeV3JY-00381-00105433-00105635 permeability which makes them poor
MTwCpxeV3JY-00382-00105636-00105981 aquifers similarly the micro porous
MTwCpxeV3JY-00383-00105982-00106194 upper cretaceous chalk group of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00384-00106195-00106391 southeast England although having a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00385-00106392-00106674 reasonably high porosity has a low grain
MTwCpxeV3JY-00386-00106675-00106883 to grain permeability with it's good
MTwCpxeV3JY-00387-00106884-00107124 water yielding characteristics mostly
MTwCpxeV3JY-00388-00107125-00107861 due to micro fracturing and fishery
MTwCpxeV3JY-00389-00107863-00108556 topic human dependence on groundwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00390-00108557-00108846 most land areas on earth have some form
MTwCpxeV3JY-00391-00108847-00109098 of aquifer underlying them sometimes at
MTwCpxeV3JY-00392-00109099-00109437 significant depths in some cases these
MTwCpxeV3JY-00393-00109438-00109681 aquifers are rapidly being depleted by
MTwCpxeV3JY-00394-00109682-00110071 the human population freshwater aquifers
MTwCpxeV3JY-00395-00110072-00110316 especially those with limited recharge
MTwCpxeV3JY-00396-00110317-00110632 by snow or rain also known as meteoric
MTwCpxeV3JY-00397-00110633-00110838 water can be over exploited and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00398-00110839-00111102 depending on the local hydrogeology may
MTwCpxeV3JY-00399-00111103-00111343 draw in non potable water or saltwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00400-00111344-00111561 intrusion from hydraulically connected
MTwCpxeV3JY-00401-00111562-00111903 aquifers or surface water bodies this
MTwCpxeV3JY-00402-00111904-00112161 can be a serious problem especially in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00403-00112162-00112357 coastal areas and other areas where
MTwCpxeV3JY-00404-00112358-00112696 aquifer pumping is excessive in some
MTwCpxeV3JY-00405-00112697-00112911 areas the groundwater can become
MTwCpxeV3JY-00406-00112912-00113119 contaminated by arsenic and other
MTwCpxeV3JY-00407-00113120-00113333 mineral poisons
MTwCpxeV3JY-00408-00113334-00113577 aquifers are critically important in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00409-00113578-00113861 human habitation in agriculture deep
MTwCpxeV3JY-00410-00113863-00114104 aquifers in arid areas have long been
MTwCpxeV3JY-00411-00114105-00114335 water sources for irrigation see
MTwCpxeV3JY-00412-00114336-00114665 Ogallala below many villages and even
MTwCpxeV3JY-00413-00114666-00114897 large cities draw their water supply
MTwCpxeV3JY-00414-00114898-00115248 from wells in aquifers municipal
MTwCpxeV3JY-00415-00115249-00115515 irrigation and industrial water supplies
MTwCpxeV3JY-00416-00115516-00115753 are provided through large wells
MTwCpxeV3JY-00417-00115754-00116027 multiple wells for one water supply
MTwCpxeV3JY-00418-00116028-00116370 source are termed well fields which may
MTwCpxeV3JY-00419-00116371-00116585 withdraw water from confined or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00420-00116586-00116891 unconfined aquifers using groundwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00421-00116892-00117140 from deep confined aquifers provides
MTwCpxeV3JY-00422-00117141-00117320 more protection from surface water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00423-00117321-00117661 contamination some wells termed
MTwCpxeV3JY-00424-00117663-00117965 collector wells are specifically
MTwCpxeV3JY-00425-00117966-00118188 designed to induce infiltration of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00426-00118189-00118491 surface usually river water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00427-00118492-00118758 aquifers that provide sustainable fresh
MTwCpxeV3JY-00428-00118758-00118980 groundwater to urban areas and for
MTwCpxeV3JY-00429-00118981-00119210 agricultural irrigation are typically
MTwCpxeV3JY-00430-00119211-00119411 close to the ground surface within a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00431-00119413-00119607 couple of hundred meters and have some
MTwCpxeV3JY-00432-00119608-00119955 recharge by fresh water this recharge is
MTwCpxeV3JY-00433-00119956-00120194 typically from rivers or meteoric water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00434-00120195-00120426 precipitation that percolates into the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00435-00120427-00120657 aquifer through overlying unsaturated
MTwCpxeV3JY-00436-00120658-00120841 materials
MTwCpxeV3JY-00437-00120842-00121179 occasionally sedimentary or fossil
MTwCpxeV3JY-00438-00121180-00121468 aquifers are used to provide irrigation
MTwCpxeV3JY-00439-00121469-00121728 and drinking water to urban areas in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00440-00121729-00122061 Libya for example Muammar Gaddafi's
MTwCpxeV3JY-00441-00122063-00122305 great man-made River project has pumped
MTwCpxeV3JY-00442-00122306-00122503 large amounts of groundwater from
MTwCpxeV3JY-00443-00122504-00122740 aquifers beneath the Sahara to populous
MTwCpxeV3JY-00444-00122741-00123022 areas near the coast though this has
MTwCpxeV3JY-00445-00123023-00123253 saved Libya money over the alternative
MTwCpxeV3JY-00446-00123254-00123534 desalination the aquifers are likely to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00447-00123535-00123940 run dry in 60 to 100 years aquifer
MTwCpxeV3JY-00448-00123941-00124165 depletion has been cited as one of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00449-00124166-00124983 causes of the food price rises of 2011
MTwCpxeV3JY-00450-00124984-00125550 topic subsidence
MTwCpxeV3JY-00451-00125551-00125858 in unconsolidated aquifers groundwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00452-00125859-00126069 has produced from pore spaces between
MTwCpxeV3JY-00453-00126070-00126465 particles of gravel sand and silt if the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00454-00126466-00126686 aquifer is confined by low permeability
MTwCpxeV3JY-00455-00126688-00126969 layers the reduced water pressure in the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00456-00126970-00127221 sand and gravel causes slow drainage of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00457-00127222-00127404 water from the adjoining confining
MTwCpxeV3JY-00458-00127405-00127725 layers if these confining layers are
MTwCpxeV3JY-00459-00127726-00127929 composed of compressible silt or clay
MTwCpxeV3JY-00460-00127930-00128241 the loss of water to the aquifer reduces
MTwCpxeV3JY-00461-00128242-00128421 the water pressure in the confining
MTwCpxeV3JY-00462-00128422-00128636 layer causing it to compress from the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00463-00128638-00128877 weight of overlying geologic materials
MTwCpxeV3JY-00464-00128878-00129231 in severe cases this compression can be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00465-00129232-00129420 observed on the ground surface as
MTwCpxeV3JY-00466-00129421-00129750 subsidence unfortunately much of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00467-00129751-00129933 subsidence from groundwater extraction
MTwCpxeV3JY-00468-00129933-00130247 is permanent elastic rebound as small
MTwCpxeV3JY-00469-00130248-00130533 thus the subsidence has not only
MTwCpxeV3JY-00470-00130533-00130760 permanent but the compressed aquifer has
MTwCpxeV3JY-00471-00130761-00130992 a permanently reduced capacity to hold
MTwCpxeV3JY-00472-00130993-00131568 water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00473-00131569-00132185 topic salt water intrusion
MTwCpxeV3JY-00474-00132186-00132450 aquafers near the coast have a lens of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00475-00132451-00132675 fresh water near the surface and denser
MTwCpxeV3JY-00476-00132676-00132954 sea water under fresh water sea water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00477-00132955-00133236 penetrates the aquifer diffusing in from
MTwCpxeV3JY-00478-00133237-00133463 the ocean and is denser than fresh water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00479-00133464-00133843 for porous ie sandy aquifers near the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00480-00133844-00134076 coast the thickness of freshwater atop
MTwCpxeV3JY-00481-00134077-00134383 saltwater as about 12 meters 40 feet for
MTwCpxeV3JY-00482-00134384-00134715 every 0.3 meters one foot of fresh water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00483-00134716-00135048 head above sea level this relationship
MTwCpxeV3JY-00484-00135049-00135276 is called the Gibbon Herzberg equation
MTwCpxeV3JY-00485-00135277-00135556 if too much ground water is pumped near
MTwCpxeV3JY-00486-00135557-00135624 the coast
MTwCpxeV3JY-00487-00135625-00135822 salt water may intrude into freshwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00488-00135823-00136074 aquifers causing contamination of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00489-00136075-00136428 potable freshwater supplies many coastal
MTwCpxeV3JY-00490-00136429-00136671 aquifers such as the biscayne aquifer
MTwCpxeV3JY-00491-00136672-00136906 near Miami and the New Jersey coastal
MTwCpxeV3JY-00492-00136907-00137107 plain aquifer have problems with
MTwCpxeV3JY-00493-00137108-00137349 saltwater intrusion as a result of over
MTwCpxeV3JY-00494-00137350-00138055 pumping and sea level rise
MTwCpxeV3JY-00495-00138056-00138618 topic salination
MTwCpxeV3JY-00496-00138619-00138930 aquifers in surface irrigated areas in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00497-00138931-00139152 semi-arid zones with reuse of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00498-00139153-00139362 unavoidable irrigation water losses
MTwCpxeV3JY-00499-00139363-00139617 percolating down into the underground by
MTwCpxeV3JY-00500-00139618-00139857 supplemental irrigation from wells run
MTwCpxeV3JY-00501-00139858-00140055 the risk of salination surface
MTwCpxeV3JY-00502-00140056-00140334 irrigation water normally contains salts
MTwCpxeV3JY-00503-00140335-00140646 in the order of 0.5 grams per liter or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00504-00140647-00140835 more and the annual irrigation
MTwCpxeV3JY-00505-00140836-00141027 requirement as in the order of ten
MTwCpxeV3JY-00506-00141028-00141264 thousand cubic metres per hectare or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00507-00141265-00141513 more so the annual import of salt as in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00508-00141514-00141738 the order of five thousand kilograms per
MTwCpxeV3JY-00509-00141739-00141978 hectare or more under the influence of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00510-00141979-00142191 continuous evaporation the salt
MTwCpxeV3JY-00511-00142192-00142425 concentration of the aquifer water may
MTwCpxeV3JY-00512-00142426-00142641 increase continually and eventually
MTwCpxeV3JY-00513-00142642-00142962 cause an environmental problem for
MTwCpxeV3JY-00514-00142963-00143244 salinity control in such a case annually
MTwCpxeV3JY-00515-00143245-00143448 an amount of drainage water as to be
MTwCpxeV3JY-00516-00143449-00143676 discharged from the aquifer by means of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00517-00143677-00143871 a subsurface drainage system and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00518-00143872-00144156 disposed of through a safe outlet the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00519-00144157-00144399 drainage system may be horizontal ie
MTwCpxeV3JY-00520-00144400-00144681 using pipes tile drains or ditches or
MTwCpxeV3JY-00521-00144682-00145032 vertical drainage by wells to estimate
MTwCpxeV3JY-00522-00145033-00145245 the drainage requirement the use of a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00523-00145246-00145482 groundwater model with an agro hydro
MTwCpxeV3JY-00524-00145483-00145725 salinity component may be instrumental
MTwCpxeV3JY-00525-00145726-00146442 AG sahi's mod
MTwCpxeV3JY-00526-00146443-00146996 topic examples
MTwCpxeV3JY-00527-00146997-00147281 the Great Artesian Basin situated in
MTwCpxeV3JY-00528-00147282-00147470 Australia is arguably the largest
MTwCpxeV3JY-00529-00147471-00147748 groundwater aquifer in the world over
MTwCpxeV3JY-00530-00147749-00148165 1.7 million square kilometres are 0.66
MTwCpxeV3JY-00531-00148166-00148489 million square miles it plays a large
MTwCpxeV3JY-00532-00148490-00148736 part in water supplies for Queensland
MTwCpxeV3JY-00533-00148737-00149093 and remote parts of South Australia the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00534-00149094-00149324 Guarani aquifer located beneath the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00535-00149325-00149645 surface of Argentina Brazil Paraguay and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00536-00149646-00149870 Uruguay is one of the world's largest
MTwCpxeV3JY-00537-00149871-00150103 aquifer systems and is an important
MTwCpxeV3JY-00538-00150104-00150407 source of freshwater named after the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00539-00150408-00150673 Guarani people it covers 1 million
MTwCpxeV3JY-00540-00150674-00151046 200,000 square kilometres 460 thousand
MTwCpxeV3JY-00541-00151047-00151310 square miles with a volume of about 40
MTwCpxeV3JY-00542-00151311-00151745 thousand cubic kilometres 9600 Cu mi a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00543-00151746-00152021 thickness of between 50 and 800 meters
MTwCpxeV3JY-00544-00152022-00152261 one hundred sixty and two thousand six
MTwCpxeV3JY-00545-00152262-00152491 hundred twenty feet and a maximum depth
MTwCpxeV3JY-00546-00152492-00152782 of about 1,800 meters
MTwCpxeV3JY-00547-00152783-00153229 5900 feet aquifer depletion is a problem
MTwCpxeV3JY-00548-00153230-00153451 in some areas and is especially critical
MTwCpxeV3JY-00549-00153452-00153724 in northern Africa for example the great
MTwCpxeV3JY-00550-00153725-00154066 man-made River project of Libya however
MTwCpxeV3JY-00551-00154067-00154264 new methods of groundwater management
MTwCpxeV3JY-00552-00154265-00154561 such as artificial recharge an injection
MTwCpxeV3JY-00553-00154562-00154784 of surface waters during seasonal wet
MTwCpxeV3JY-00554-00154785-00155011 periods has extended the life of many
MTwCpxeV3JY-00555-00155012-00155258 freshwater aquifers especially in the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00556-00155259-00155633 United States the Ogallala Aquifer of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00557-00155634-00155849 the central United States as one of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00558-00155850-00156112 world's great aquifers but in places it
MTwCpxeV3JY-00559-00156113-00156323 is being rapidly depleted by growing
MTwCpxeV3JY-00560-00156324-00156529 municipal use and continuing
MTwCpxeV3JY-00561-00156530-00156884 agricultural use this huge aquifer which
MTwCpxeV3JY-00562-00156885-00157082 underlies portions of eight states
MTwCpxeV3JY-00563-00157083-00157349 contains primarily fossil water from the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00564-00157350-00157661 time of the last glaciation annual
MTwCpxeV3JY-00565-00157662-00157883 recharge in the more arid parts of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00566-00157884-00158156 aquifer is estimated to total only about
MTwCpxeV3JY-00567-00158157-00158403 10 percent of annual withdrawals
MTwCpxeV3JY-00568-00158404-00158737 according to a 2013 report by research
MTwCpxeV3JY-00569-00158738-00158984 hydrologist Leonard F kana cow at the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00570-00158985-00159349 United States Geological Survey USGS the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00571-00159350-00159749 depletion between 2001 to 2008 inclusive
MTwCpxeV3JY-00572-00159750-00160003 is about 32 percent of the cumulative
MTwCpxeV3JY-00573-00160004-00160279 depletion during the entire 20th century
MTwCpxeV3JY-00574-00160280-00160372 conic
MTwCpxeV3JY-00575-00160373-00160871 2013 2:22 quote in the United States the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00576-00160872-00161123 biggest users of water from aquifers
MTwCpxeV3JY-00577-00161124-00161417 include agricultural irrigation and oil
MTwCpxeV3JY-00578-00161418-00161843 and coal extraction quote cumulative
MTwCpxeV3JY-00579-00161844-00162041 total groundwater depletion in the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00580-00162042-00162292 United States accelerated in the late
MTwCpxeV3JY-00581-00162293-00162587 1940s and continued at an almost steady
MTwCpxeV3JY-00582-00162588-00162761 linear rate through the end of the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00583-00162762-00163102 century in addition to widely recognized
MTwCpxeV3JY-00584-00163103-00163364 environmental consequences groundwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00585-00163365-00163613 depletion also adversely impacts the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00586-00163614-00163835 long-term sustainability of groundwater
MTwCpxeV3JY-00587-00163836-00164063 supplies to help meet the nation's water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00588-00164064-00164312 needs an example of a significant and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00589-00164313-00164540 sustainable carbonate aquifer as the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00590-00164541-00164873 Edwards Aquifer in Central Texas this
MTwCpxeV3JY-00591-00164874-00165104 carbonate aquifer has historically been
MTwCpxeV3JY-00592-00165105-00165350 providing high quality water for nearly
MTwCpxeV3JY-00593-00165351-00165641 2 million people and even today is full
MTwCpxeV3JY-00594-00165642-00165857 because of tremendous recharge from a
MTwCpxeV3JY-00595-00165858-00166105 number of area streams rivers and lakes
MTwCpxeV3JY-00596-00166106-00166421 the primary risk to this resource as
MTwCpxeV3JY-00597-00166422-00166625 human development over the recharge
MTwCpxeV3JY-00598-00166626-00166798 areas
MTwCpxeV3JY-00599-00166799-00167039 discontinuous sand bodies at the base of
MTwCpxeV3JY-00600-00167040-00167303 the MacMurray formation in the Athabasca
MTwCpxeV3JY-00601-00167304-00167552 oil sands region of northeastern alberta
MTwCpxeV3JY-00602-00167553-00167807 canada are commonly referred to as the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00603-00167808-00167936 basal water sand
MTwCpxeV3JY-00604-00167937-00168374 bws aquifers saturated with water they
MTwCpxeV3JY-00605-00168375-00168596 are confined beneath impermeable bitumen
MTwCpxeV3JY-00606-00168597-00168842 saturated sands that are exploited to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00607-00168843-00169079 recover bitumen for synthetic crude oil
MTwCpxeV3JY-00608-00169080-00169388 production where they are deep lying and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00609-00169389-00169640 recharge occurs from underlying Devonian
MTwCpxeV3JY-00610-00169641-00169862 formations they are saline and where
MTwCpxeV3JY-00611-00169863-00170033 they are shallow and recharged by
MTwCpxeV3JY-00612-00170034-00170381 meteoric water they are non saline the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00613-00170382-00170669 BWS typically posed problems for the
MTwCpxeV3JY-00614-00170670-00170918 recovery of bitumen whether by open-pit
MTwCpxeV3JY-00615-00170919-00171209 mining or by an situ methods such as
MTwCpxeV3JY-00616-00171210-00171521 steam assisted gravity drainage SI g d
MTwCpxeV3JY-00617-00171522-00171755 and in some areas they are targets for
MTwCpxeV3JY-00618-00171756-00172409 wastewater injection
MTwCpxeV3JY-00619-00172410-00172974 topic see also
MTwCpxeV3JY-00620-00172975-00173244 aquafers portal aquifer storage and
MTwCpxeV3JY-00621-00173245-00173706 recovery aquifer properties artesian
MTwCpxeV3JY-00622-00173707-00174090 aquifer cistern waterproof receptacle
MTwCpxeV3JY-00623-00174091-00174383 for holding liquids usually water
MTwCpxeV3JY-00624-00174384-00174848 groundwater model groundwater pollution
MTwCpxeV3JY-00625-00174849-00175331 hydraulic tomography over-exploitation
MTwCpxeV3JY-00626-00175332-00175626 seasonal thermal energy storage storage
MTwCpxeV3JY-00627-00175627-00175866 of heat or cold for periods of up to
MTwCpxeV3JY-00628-00175867-00176124 several months aquifers may be used for
MTwCpxeV3JY-00629-00176125-00176352 storing heat between opposing seasons
MTwCpxeV3JY-00630-00176353-00176553 and for ecologically heating cooling
MTwCpxeV3JY-00631-00176554-00176811 greenhouses buildings and district
MTwCpxeV3JY-00632-00176812-00177249 systems surficial aquifer
MUvjehvqz0U-00000-00000367-00000543 i want to say a word of appreciation to
MUvjehvqz0U-00001-00000544-00000655 all of you
MUvjehvqz0U-00002-00000656-00000815 to the laity and the clergy of the north
MUvjehvqz0U-00003-00000816-00000983 texas conference of the united methodist
MUvjehvqz0U-00004-00000984-00001087 church
MUvjehvqz0U-00005-00001088-00001350 we know that 2020 was a challenging year
MUvjehvqz0U-00006-00001351-00001535 to be in ministry for our clergy
MUvjehvqz0U-00007-00001536-00001710 is challenging for our laity as well
MUvjehvqz0U-00008-00001711-00001910 because nothing happened the way
MUvjehvqz0U-00009-00001911-00002095 any of us would have expected it to have
MUvjehvqz0U-00010-00002096-00002367 happened but you were still the church
MUvjehvqz0U-00011-00002368-00002623 while you couldn't gather in person in
MUvjehvqz0U-00012-00002624-00002726 large groups
MUvjehvqz0U-00013-00002727-00002975 you were the church in the community in
MUvjehvqz0U-00014-00002976-00003110 all the communities across the north
MUvjehvqz0U-00015-00003111-00003263 texas conference they were deeply
MUvjehvqz0U-00016-00003264-00003375 blessed by
MUvjehvqz0U-00017-00003376-00003759 by you your presence and your generosity
MUvjehvqz0U-00018-00003760-00003879 and i want to thank you for the way in
MUvjehvqz0U-00019-00003879-00004006 which you've been generous to your
MUvjehvqz0U-00020-00004007-00004095 neighbors
MUvjehvqz0U-00021-00004096-00004351 and extending the hands of christ to
MUvjehvqz0U-00022-00004352-00004399 those
MUvjehvqz0U-00023-00004400-00004638 who are in need i also want to say this
MUvjehvqz0U-00024-00004639-00004870 special word of gratitude as well
MUvjehvqz0U-00025-00004871-00005079 you have been very very generous with
MUvjehvqz0U-00026-00005080-00005215 your contributions
MUvjehvqz0U-00027-00005216-00005535 and so at the end of the year of 2020
MUvjehvqz0U-00028-00005536-00005783 you uh the laity and the clergy in the
MUvjehvqz0U-00029-00005784-00006022 north texas conference have paid
MUvjehvqz0U-00030-00006023-00006334 apportionments and the rate of 89
MUvjehvqz0U-00031-00006335-00006510 which is approximately what was paid
MUvjehvqz0U-00032-00006511-00006751 last year so while there were financial
MUvjehvqz0U-00033-00006752-00006903 difficulties at time
MUvjehvqz0U-00034-00006904-00007087 you have been most generous and i want
MUvjehvqz0U-00035-00007088-00007263 to thank you so very much for your
MUvjehvqz0U-00036-00007264-00007351 generosity
MUvjehvqz0U-00037-00007352-00007591 not only locally but to the larger
MUvjehvqz0U-00038-00007592-00007655 church
MUvjehvqz0U-00039-00007656-00007919 that is around the world god bless you
MUvjehvqz0U-00040-00007920-00008127 for your ministry
MUvjehvqz0U-00041-00008128-00008784 and your generosity blessings
MWawisr2oPg-00000-00000187-00001330 [Music]
MWawisr2oPg-00001-00001331-00004225 [Music]
MWawisr2oPg-00002-00004226-00005275 [Music]
MWawisr2oPg-00003-00005276-00006003 [Music]
MWawisr2oPg-00004-00006004-00006040 [Applause]
MWawisr2oPg-00005-00006041-00007147 [Music]
MWawisr2oPg-00006-00007148-00007940 [Applause]
MWawisr2oPg-00007-00007941-00008638 [Music]
MWawisr2oPg-00008-00008639-00009710 [Applause]
MWawisr2oPg-00009-00009711-00010309 [Music]
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MWawisr2oPg-00014-00015996-00016303 [Music]
MYxrxWuZ5po-00000-00000049-00000318 Naga sari is a traditional steamed cake
MYxrxWuZ5po-00001-00000319-00000543 made from rice flour coconut milk and
MYxrxWuZ5po-00002-00000544-00000753 sugar filled with slices of banana
MYxrxWuZ5po-00003-00000754-00000990 it is usually wrapped in banana leaves
MYxrxWuZ5po-00004-00000991-00001194 before being steamed or prepared with
MYxrxWuZ5po-00005-00001195-00001344 pandan that gives it aroma
MYxrxWuZ5po-00006-00001345-00001581 it is commonly eaten as a snack in
MYxrxWuZ5po-00007-00001582-00001757 Indonesia where it is also known as
MYxrxWuZ5po-00008-00001758-00001993 Cuban dang Bandung by Bugis people
MYxrxWuZ5po-00009-00001994-00002262 sometimes it is simply called cue pisang
MYxrxWuZ5po-00010-00002263-00002615 banana cake Naga sorry sometimes appear
MYxrxWuZ5po-00011-00002616-00002801 in different colors with white being its
MYxrxWuZ5po-00012-00002802-00003125 normal color red Naga sari contains palm
MYxrxWuZ5po-00013-00003126-00003390 sugar blue one has clitoria eternity for
MYxrxWuZ5po-00014-00003390-00003602 coloring and green one uses pleum la
MYxrxWuZ5po-00015-00003603-00003907 angustifolia cin Dracena angustifolia
MYxrxWuZ5po-00016-00003908-00004188 hue Naga sari is commonly sold in
MYxrxWuZ5po-00017-00004189-00004382 indonesian traditional market as one of
MYxrxWuZ5po-00018-00004383-00004665 qjuj on pasar market munchies sold
MYxrxWuZ5po-00019-00004666-00004863 together with other popular traditional
MYxrxWuZ5po-00020-00004864-00005079 cakes such as clapping owned owned bika
MYxrxWuZ5po-00021-00005080-00005790 ambon lapis legit and pastel
MYxrxWuZ5po-00022-00005791-00006326 topic see also
MYxrxWuZ5po-00023-00006327-00006677 list of steamed foods
MbjtOJNhT6U-00000-00000000-00000316 I wanted to we're having these daily
MbjtOJNhT6U-00001-00000317-00000599 encouraging devotions and today we're
MbjtOJNhT6U-00002-00000600-00000829 gonna be looking at two specific verses
MbjtOJNhT6U-00003-00000830-00001291 any Isaiah just kind of dealing with the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00004-00001292-00001607 idea of relentless discouragement have
MbjtOJNhT6U-00005-00001607-00001723 you ever been in that place for you it's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00006-00001725-00002012 like everything is opposed to you well
MbjtOJNhT6U-00007-00002013-00002315 that's exactly the the verse that we're
MbjtOJNhT6U-00008-00002316-00002597 looking at today it's found in Isaiah
MbjtOJNhT6U-00009-00002598-00002897 well the story is from Isaiah 36 all the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00010-00002898-00003322 way through Isaiah 37 but there's only
MbjtOJNhT6U-00011-00003323-00003436 two real verses that we're gonna be
MbjtOJNhT6U-00012-00003438-00003640 looking at first off let me let me kind
MbjtOJNhT6U-00013-00003642-00003824 of set things up okay so there's this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00014-00003825-00004022 there's this King his name's Hezekiah
MbjtOJNhT6U-00015-00004022-00004283 and he rules his tiny little this tiny
MbjtOJNhT6U-00016-00004284-00004727 little country he rules a tiny tiny
MbjtOJNhT6U-00017-00004728-00005238 little country called Judah and you know
MbjtOJNhT6U-00018-00005239-00005561 things aren't going overly well as she's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00019-00005562-00005752 attacked by this massive vampire called
MbjtOJNhT6U-00020-00005753-00005827 Assyria
MbjtOJNhT6U-00021-00005828-00006131 this huge army they're just like headin
MbjtOJNhT6U-00022-00006132-00006352 down you know the coast wiping
MbjtOJNhT6U-00023-00006353-00006532 everything out and and they come they
MbjtOJNhT6U-00024-00006533-00006791 come to Judas into this tiny little
MbjtOJNhT6U-00025-00006792-00007148 country of Judah and not great so right
MbjtOJNhT6U-00026-00007148-00007403 there there's bad news you know the the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00027-00007404-00007564 it's like when you're waiting for an
MbjtOJNhT6U-00028-00007565-00007753 impending doom this armies coming
MbjtOJNhT6U-00029-00007754-00007937 oh no we better be scared that this army
MbjtOJNhT6U-00030-00007938-00008126 is coming we got to be scared and so
MbjtOJNhT6U-00031-00008127-00008369 then they start killing everybody and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00032-00008370-00008495 wiping everything out well now you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00033-00008496-00008642 really got something scared because not
MbjtOJNhT6U-00034-00008643-00008813 rumor anymore it's like it's it's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00035-00008814-00009209 actually happening and so then they come
MbjtOJNhT6U-00036-00009210-00009434 up they come up to the wall of a city
MbjtOJNhT6U-00037-00009435-00009596 and they say okay let me just kind of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00038-00009597-00009785 break this down for you we've been
MbjtOJNhT6U-00039-00009786-00010016 killing everything destroying everything
MbjtOJNhT6U-00040-00010017-00010292 and you're next you are screwed
MbjtOJNhT6U-00041-00010293-00010563 there is no hope of escape for you and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00042-00010564-00010742 nothing's gonna save you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00043-00010743-00010913 we've beat all those other gods over
MbjtOJNhT6U-00044-00010914-00011159 there don't let your king fool you into
MbjtOJNhT6U-00045-00011160-00011291 thinking that you guys are safe in there
MbjtOJNhT6U-00046-00011292-00011702 so not even your giant wall will save us
MbjtOJNhT6U-00047-00011703-00011960 so then then the Kings messengers say
MbjtOJNhT6U-00048-00011961-00012235 look we understand different languages
MbjtOJNhT6U-00049-00012236-00012356 that our people don't
MbjtOJNhT6U-00050-00012357-00012514 why don't we speak more of those other
MbjtOJNhT6U-00051-00012515-00012742 languages and then that Syrian
MbjtOJNhT6U-00052-00012743-00012926 messengers say no no no no no no this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00053-00012927-00013099 isn't just for you and for your King
MbjtOJNhT6U-00054-00013100-00013241 this is for everybody
MbjtOJNhT6U-00055-00013241-00013391 and so they intentionally used the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00056-00013391-00013574 language that everybody is using to
MbjtOJNhT6U-00057-00013575-00013738 cause this mass panic
MbjtOJNhT6U-00058-00013738-00014051 so now King has AK I asked to deal with
MbjtOJNhT6U-00059-00014052-00014477 this army after it's been weeks and the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00060-00014478-00014660 making of this constant terror and also
MbjtOJNhT6U-00061-00014661-00014863 years before that of Willis area come
MbjtOJNhT6U-00062-00014865-00015140 down and so there's that so he's already
MbjtOJNhT6U-00063-00015141-00015344 probably stressed out but now this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00064-00015344-00015544 messenger is trying to turn his people
MbjtOJNhT6U-00065-00015545-00015805 against him and you can just bet you can
MbjtOJNhT6U-00066-00015806-00015938 just bet that some of his people were
MbjtOJNhT6U-00067-00015938-00016183 thinking what is your deal Hezekiah do
MbjtOJNhT6U-00068-00016184-00016313 you have a plan or do you just have
MbjtOJNhT6U-00069-00016313-00016730 those holed up in here to die and so
MbjtOJNhT6U-00070-00016731-00017080 then they say okay no your kings lying
MbjtOJNhT6U-00071-00017081-00017249 to you your God's lying to you nothing's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00072-00017250-00017438 gonna end nothing's gonna fix this we
MbjtOJNhT6U-00073-00017439-00017615 button we beat all the other gods we're
MbjtOJNhT6U-00074-00017616-00018134 gonna beat you too and so then some some
MbjtOJNhT6U-00075-00018135-00018275 news happens they have to go and deal
MbjtOJNhT6U-00076-00018276-00018392 with the different city but they end up
MbjtOJNhT6U-00077-00018393-00018602 coming back and sending a messenger and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00078-00018603-00018821 saying look we're dealing with this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00079-00018822-00019049 other city but we will be back and when
MbjtOJNhT6U-00080-00019050-00019250 we do do you honestly think that your
MbjtOJNhT6U-00081-00019251-00019496 God will save you when all these other
MbjtOJNhT6U-00082-00019497-00019850 gods couldn't save them and so just put
MbjtOJNhT6U-00083-00019851-00020042 yourself in the place of Hezekiah you've
MbjtOJNhT6U-00084-00020043-00020138 got bad news
MbjtOJNhT6U-00085-00020139-00020328 you're ridiculed for your decisions
MbjtOJNhT6U-00086-00020329-00020612 trying to be the good you know the good
MbjtOJNhT6U-00087-00020613-00020837 the good King but you're being ridiculed
MbjtOJNhT6U-00088-00020838-00021125 by everybody your enemy is turning
MbjtOJNhT6U-00089-00021126-00021359 people against you of ruining your good
MbjtOJNhT6U-00090-00021360-00021734 name they start making fun of his faith
MbjtOJNhT6U-00091-00021735-00021941 so it's almost like well maybe my faith
MbjtOJNhT6U-00092-00021942-00022124 is misplaced maybe I shouldn't trust in
MbjtOJNhT6U-00093-00022125-00022349 God everything is going wrong there
MbjtOJNhT6U-00094-00022350-00022568 seems to be no escape this is a massive
MbjtOJNhT6U-00095-00022569-00022802 hurdle and I mean we're talking about
MbjtOJNhT6U-00096-00022803-00023087 relentless discouragement person after
MbjtOJNhT6U-00097-00023088-00023294 person after person thing after thing
MbjtOJNhT6U-00098-00023295-00023500 after thing it's like geez would you let
MbjtOJNhT6U-00099-00023501-00023675 up a little bit God where are you in the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00100-00023676-00023953 midst of this can't you fix this and so
MbjtOJNhT6U-00101-00023954-00024116 then the first verse that were look at
MbjtOJNhT6U-00102-00024117-00024353 is Isaiah chapter 37 verses 1 & 2 it
MbjtOJNhT6U-00103-00024354-00024575 says as soon as King Hezekiah heard it
MbjtOJNhT6U-00104-00024576-00024758 he tore his clothes and covered himself
MbjtOJNhT6U-00105-00024759-00024911 with sack cloths and went into the house
MbjtOJNhT6U-00106-00024912-00025231 of the Lord his first reaction out of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00107-00025232-00025403 all his bad news out of all the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00108-00025404-00025912 stressful situation his first step is to
MbjtOJNhT6U-00109-00025913-00026300 go immediately into prayer what that is
MbjtOJNhT6U-00110-00026301-00026539 crazy when I think of how I've handled
MbjtOJNhT6U-00111-00026540-00026574 bad
MbjtOJNhT6U-00112-00026575-00026795 my life I mean there's there's crying
MbjtOJNhT6U-00113-00026797-00026943 there's weeping there's gnashing of the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00114-00026944-00026979 teeth
MbjtOJNhT6U-00115-00026980-00027291 there's binge Netflix there's a lot of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00116-00027292-00027704 snacks um usually pizza a lot of Pizza
MbjtOJNhT6U-00117-00027705-00027977 fried okra fried okras good if anybody
MbjtOJNhT6U-00118-00027979-00028200 wants to thank me in here I would accept
MbjtOJNhT6U-00119-00028201-00028422 that so there's all this you know all
MbjtOJNhT6U-00120-00028423-00028635 this binge eating binge watching Netflix
MbjtOJNhT6U-00121-00028636-00028926 but as a guys first step in the midst of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00122-00028927-00029211 this impossible situation that God has
MbjtOJNhT6U-00123-00029212-00029544 not said anything on is to go to prayer
MbjtOJNhT6U-00124-00029545-00029925 Wow wow that blows me away so he's in
MbjtOJNhT6U-00125-00029926-00030117 the midst of a hopeless situation and in
MbjtOJNhT6U-00126-00030118-00030381 the physical it was hopeless but then in
MbjtOJNhT6U-00127-00030382-00030687 that moment he sought God to give him a
MbjtOJNhT6U-00128-00030688-00030801 little bit of hope and I that just
MbjtOJNhT6U-00129-00030802-00031083 amazes me so then you know after the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00130-00031083-00031248 second letter is received from the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00131-00031249-00031410 Syrian Empire that I was talking to you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00132-00031411-00031581 about that takes us to verse 37 and this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00133-00031582-00031872 is the second passage I want to read um
MbjtOJNhT6U-00134-00031873-00032160 I'm sorry not verse 37 verses 40 to 20
MbjtOJNhT6U-00135-00032161-00032379 it says this Hezekiah received the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00136-00032380-00032523 letter from the hand of the messengers
MbjtOJNhT6U-00137-00032524-00032840 and read it his first reaction after
MbjtOJNhT6U-00138-00032841-00033093 reading it okay Hezekiah went up to the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00139-00033094-00033279 house of the Lord and spread it before
MbjtOJNhT6U-00140-00033280-00033504 the Lord and Hezekiah prayed to the Lord
MbjtOJNhT6U-00141-00033505-00033669 O Lord of Hosts God of Israel and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00142-00033670-00033810 throned above the cherubim
MbjtOJNhT6U-00143-00033811-00034155 now what that means is they had the Ark
MbjtOJNhT6U-00144-00034156-00034368 of the Covenant and on the it was this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00145-00034369-00034602 basically this big rectangle box and on
MbjtOJNhT6U-00146-00034603-00034833 the top of that box was two cherubim
MbjtOJNhT6U-00147-00034834-00035130 which are two types of angels and it was
MbjtOJNhT6U-00148-00035131-00035361 said that God spoke from that from from
MbjtOJNhT6U-00149-00035362-00035565 the from the middle there were the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00150-00035566-00035846 turbines wings met so when it says you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00151-00035847-00036015 were on throned above the cherubim he's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00152-00036016-00036183 saying you who speaks from the Ark of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00153-00036184-00036399 the Covenant you who made this promise
MbjtOJNhT6U-00154-00036400-00036656 with those you you gave us the law Oh
MbjtOJNhT6U-00155-00036657-00036890 Lord of Hosts God of Israel and throned
MbjtOJNhT6U-00156-00036891-00037110 above the cherubim you are the god you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00157-00037111-00037242 will dawn of all the kingdoms of the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00158-00037243-00037415 earth which would ever thereby include
MbjtOJNhT6U-00159-00037416-00037677 Assyria you have made heaven and earth
MbjtOJNhT6U-00160-00037678-00037946 and kline your ear oh Lord and here
MbjtOJNhT6U-00161-00037947-00038145 open your eyes O Lord and see what does
MbjtOJNhT6U-00162-00038146-00038262 he want him to hear and see check this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00163-00038263-00038457 out and hear all the words of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00164-00038458-00038805 Sennacherib see that amazes me Hezekiah
MbjtOJNhT6U-00165-00038806-00038973 wasn't saying look at how righteous I am
MbjtOJNhT6U-00166-00038974-00039162 look at how I'm standing for you he said
MbjtOJNhT6U-00167-00039163-00039519 god this is a terrifying situation but
MbjtOJNhT6U-00168-00039520-00039927 in all of this look at what
MbjtOJNhT6U-00169-00039928-00040080 a crib is saying which he is sent to
MbjtOJNhT6U-00170-00040081-00040257 mock the Living God truly Oh Lord the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00171-00040258-00040539 kings of Assyria have laid waste all the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00172-00040540-00040707 nations of their lands that's that's not
MbjtOJNhT6U-00173-00040708-00041012 an exaggeration and have cast their gods
MbjtOJNhT6U-00174-00041013-00041220 into the fire for they were no gods but
MbjtOJNhT6U-00175-00041221-00041424 the work of men's hands wood and stone
MbjtOJNhT6U-00176-00041425-00041586 therefore they were destroyed so now O
MbjtOJNhT6U-00177-00041587-00041826 Lord our God save us from his hand that
MbjtOJNhT6U-00178-00041827-00042036 all the kingdoms of the earth may know
MbjtOJNhT6U-00179-00042037-00042240 that you alone are the Lord just for
MbjtOJNhT6U-00180-00042241-00042450 lent las' faith in the midst of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00181-00042451-00042756 relentless discouragement um having
MbjtOJNhT6U-00182-00042757-00042942 having Tabernacles and all those
MbjtOJNhT6U-00183-00042943-00043092 different things law codes these are all
MbjtOJNhT6U-00184-00043093-00043275 things that the everybody in the ancient
MbjtOJNhT6U-00185-00043276-00043500 world had that wasn't anything new but
MbjtOJNhT6U-00186-00043501-00043719 what made Israel set apart is they
MbjtOJNhT6U-00187-00043720-00043926 didn't have an idol for God in the fact
MbjtOJNhT6U-00188-00043927-00044090 they were actually forbidden in the law
MbjtOJNhT6U-00189-00044091-00044484 to make an idol of God and so all these
MbjtOJNhT6U-00190-00044485-00044823 other gods and that that's what Hezekiah
MbjtOJNhT6U-00191-00044824-00044964 is saying all these other gods of people
MbjtOJNhT6U-00192-00044965-00045093 are worshiping there it's actually just
MbjtOJNhT6U-00193-00045094-00045327 a piece of a piece of wood but you are
MbjtOJNhT6U-00194-00045328-00045521 the only God who's apart from all those
MbjtOJNhT6U-00195-00045522-00045744 other gods you're living and that just
MbjtOJNhT6U-00196-00045745-00045957 amazes me that his first step and all
MbjtOJNhT6U-00197-00045958-00046143 this relentless discouragement
MbjtOJNhT6U-00198-00046144-00046446 relentless attack relentless the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00199-00046447-00046833 situation is to go straight to prayer so
MbjtOJNhT6U-00200-00046834-00047013 there's there's three things that I
MbjtOJNhT6U-00201-00047014-00047163 noticed from this or I'm sorry four
MbjtOJNhT6U-00202-00047164-00047280 things that I noticed some that from
MbjtOJNhT6U-00203-00047281-00047508 this to kind of help me and maybe
MbjtOJNhT6U-00204-00047509-00047745 they'll help you first off is it really
MbjtOJNhT6U-00205-00047746-00047921 a big deal sometimes we go to prayer
MbjtOJNhT6U-00206-00047922-00048150 distraught and God you know oh I just
MbjtOJNhT6U-00207-00048151-00048309 can't deal with this this is the worst
MbjtOJNhT6U-00208-00048310-00048429 news in the world but if we actually
MbjtOJNhT6U-00209-00048430-00048612 just stop and think you know this this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00210-00048613-00048752 really isn't that big of a deal I'm just
MbjtOJNhT6U-00211-00048753-00048957 kind of blowing it out of proportion and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00212-00048958-00049623 it's we can sometimes do that a lot of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00213-00049624-00049920 times I mean I'm hitting I'm winking you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00214-00049921-00050171 see we can sometimes do that all the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00215-00050172-00050679 time so first off is it really a big
MbjtOJNhT6U-00216-00050680-00051000 deal then the second thing God is
MbjtOJNhT6U-00217-00051001-00051295 mastered answering the hopelessness
MbjtOJNhT6U-00218-00051296-00051539 you know we've got how much more
MbjtOJNhT6U-00219-00051540-00051791 hopeless can this get there's an army of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00220-00051792-00052052 hundreds of thousands of people waiting
MbjtOJNhT6U-00221-00052053-00052352 to murder you there is no escaping this
MbjtOJNhT6U-00222-00052353-00052560 is all you can just catch an airplane
MbjtOJNhT6U-00223-00052561-00052710 out of there or something like you're
MbjtOJNhT6U-00224-00052711-00052979 stuck in this hole with this huge army
MbjtOJNhT6U-00225-00052980-00053141 arrayed against you your own people are
MbjtOJNhT6U-00226-00053142-00053262 getting ready to turn on you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00227-00053263-00053504 mass panic you've been concerned about
MbjtOJNhT6U-00228-00053505-00053792 the situation for months like how scary
MbjtOJNhT6U-00229-00053794-00053985 and terrifying is that this is actual
MbjtOJNhT6U-00230-00053986-00054354 real and yet God speaks in the midst of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00231-00054354-00054516 this hopeless situation because remember
MbjtOJNhT6U-00232-00054516-00054777 that it was a hopeless situation but God
MbjtOJNhT6U-00233-00054778-00055008 is not confined to the hopelessness
MbjtOJNhT6U-00234-00055009-00055292 around us and the story goes on and it's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00235-00055294-00055677 in a Crips armies was wiped out he ends
MbjtOJNhT6U-00236-00055678-00055920 up going back to Syria and in the story
MbjtOJNhT6U-00237-00055921-00056064 it says that he was murdered it doesn't
MbjtOJNhT6U-00238-00056065-00056346 really say when well in the Babylonian
MbjtOJNhT6U-00239-00056347-00056492 or I guess I should say Assyrian records
MbjtOJNhT6U-00240-00056494-00056847 we found he was it was like I think it
MbjtOJNhT6U-00241-00056848-00056970 was 20 years or something like that
MbjtOJNhT6U-00242-00056971-00057069 before he was killed
MbjtOJNhT6U-00243-00057070-00057225 but more or less strongly being he was
MbjtOJNhT6U-00244-00057226-00057432 killed by his own children while he was
MbjtOJNhT6U-00245-00057433-00057735 worshiping his gods and just the irony
MbjtOJNhT6U-00246-00057736-00057915 of that that he thought he was bigger
MbjtOJNhT6U-00247-00057916-00058164 than God Almighty and his own kids
MbjtOJNhT6U-00248-00058165-00058458 killed him in while he was worshiping so
MbjtOJNhT6U-00249-00058459-00058623 his his own family slaughtered him when
MbjtOJNhT6U-00250-00058624-00058758 he was worshiping his own God and his
MbjtOJNhT6U-00251-00058759-00058932 God couldn't save him from his own
MbjtOJNhT6U-00252-00058933-00059244 children but the Living God saved all of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00253-00059245-00059607 Israel or Judah from this massive Empire
MbjtOJNhT6U-00254-00059608-00059757 that just blows me away now the third
MbjtOJNhT6U-00255-00059758-00060174 thing take it to God not to your group
MbjtOJNhT6U-00256-00060175-00060447 sometimes the first thing all the time
MbjtOJNhT6U-00257-00060448-00060617 the first thing we do when we're faced
MbjtOJNhT6U-00258-00060619-00060885 with these terrible situations we go
MbjtOJNhT6U-00259-00060886-00061073 Facebook rants about politics or
MbjtOJNhT6U-00260-00061074-00061367 whatever or we go and have we have a
MbjtOJNhT6U-00261-00061369-00061515 certain group that we can say about how
MbjtOJNhT6U-00262-00061516-00061671 this person wronged is or whatever and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00263-00061672-00061839 this week at this this little sob story
MbjtOJNhT6U-00264-00061840-00062073 going on people pass on the back end do
MbjtOJNhT6U-00265-00062074-00062211 we feel better for five seconds and then
MbjtOJNhT6U-00266-00062212-00062352 we go right back to the situation
MbjtOJNhT6U-00267-00062353-00062607 sometimes that that that group is our
MbjtOJNhT6U-00268-00062608-00062844 family people who we go and we just we
MbjtOJNhT6U-00269-00062845-00063039 we don't really fix the problem or we
MbjtOJNhT6U-00270-00063040-00063217 just bellyache about the problem and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00271-00063219-00063441 replay it and how we were wronged in all
MbjtOJNhT6U-00272-00063441-00063779 this stuff um and that's one thing we
MbjtOJNhT6U-00273-00063780-00063987 see Hezekiah not doing he goes straight
MbjtOJNhT6U-00274-00063988-00064212 to God God this is that this is a
MbjtOJNhT6U-00275-00064213-00064428 situation beyond me and you saw he did
MbjtOJNhT6U-00276-00064429-00064604 it two times at the beginning of Burton
MbjtOJNhT6U-00277-00064605-00064854 chapters 37 and then midway through 37
MbjtOJNhT6U-00278-00064854-00065157 and his response was the same way both
MbjtOJNhT6U-00279-00065158-00065496 times going straight to God so remember
MbjtOJNhT6U-00280-00065497-00065624 when you fish with these relentless
MbjtOJNhT6U-00281-00065625-00065795 discouragements these times of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00282-00065796-00066054 overwhelming adversity maybe you have
MbjtOJNhT6U-00283-00066055-00066219 mental disorders maybe you have physical
MbjtOJNhT6U-00284-00066220-00066465 problems whatever when you get these bad
MbjtOJNhT6U-00285-00066466-00066549 news is the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00286-00066550-00066792 first thing to do is find hope in God
MbjtOJNhT6U-00287-00066793-00066903 because here's the thing God won't
MbjtOJNhT6U-00288-00066904-00067206 always kill us that's just a fact of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00289-00067207-00067545 life God won't always tell us but and
MbjtOJNhT6U-00290-00067546-00067695 here's the thing God will always go with
MbjtOJNhT6U-00291-00067696-00068016 us see everybody dies everybody dies but
MbjtOJNhT6U-00292-00068017-00068289 we have a promise that goes past death
MbjtOJNhT6U-00293-00068290-00068568 to our even deaths sting isn't as an
MbjtOJNhT6U-00294-00068569-00068772 ultimate when we get into heaven here's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00295-00068773-00068940 the thing we are all gonna be healed
MbjtOJNhT6U-00296-00068941-00069264 absolutely 100 the problem is some of us
MbjtOJNhT6U-00297-00069265-00069426 have to wait until heaven to get to get
MbjtOJNhT6U-00298-00069427-00069672 that but either way it's coming so
MbjtOJNhT6U-00299-00069673-00069852 that's a hope that transcends death
MbjtOJNhT6U-00300-00069853-00069996 that's a hope that not even death can
MbjtOJNhT6U-00301-00069997-00070403 destroy and then the fourth thing here
MbjtOJNhT6U-00302-00070404-00070935 faith is not you being scared I'm sorry
MbjtOJNhT6U-00303-00070936-00071133 having a lack of faith is not you being
MbjtOJNhT6U-00304-00071134-00071439 scared everybody gets scared everybody
MbjtOJNhT6U-00305-00071440-00071628 has moments of doubt that that's not
MbjtOJNhT6U-00306-00071629-00071862 that's not having a lack of faith faith
MbjtOJNhT6U-00307-00071863-00072198 is when God is your only option even if
MbjtOJNhT6U-00308-00072199-00072501 you're scared even if it feels like you
MbjtOJNhT6U-00309-00072502-00072738 didn't handle them you don't have the
MbjtOJNhT6U-00310-00072739-00073055 right to give even and all those things
MbjtOJNhT6U-00311-00073056-00073356 faith is not I was never scared I was
MbjtOJNhT6U-00312-00073357-00073509 never shaken my faith always stood
MbjtOJNhT6U-00313-00073510-00073809 that's not faith in fact that's that's
MbjtOJNhT6U-00314-00073810-00074088 putting faith in yourself faith faith is
MbjtOJNhT6U-00315-00074089-00074286 when God is your only option god I don't
MbjtOJNhT6U-00316-00074287-00074414 know what's gonna happen I really don't
MbjtOJNhT6U-00317-00074415-00074640 but I trust you'll get me through that
MbjtOJNhT6U-00318-00074641-00074793 god I'm scared but I trust you're gonna
MbjtOJNhT6U-00319-00074794-00074952 get me to it and you'll find that every
MbjtOJNhT6U-00320-00074953-00075081 single time God will get you through it
MbjtOJNhT6U-00321-00075082-00075357 God will never abandon you never ever
MbjtOJNhT6U-00322-00075358-00075609 you will get sick you will have times of
MbjtOJNhT6U-00323-00075610-00075741 discouragement you all times of doubt
MbjtOJNhT6U-00324-00075742-00076002 but God will never ever abandon you in
MbjtOJNhT6U-00325-00076003-00076410 that that is worth knowing
MduoMt-_UOU-00000-00000042-00000914 [Music]
MduoMt-_UOU-00001-00000915-00001179 you know what's going on guys it is your
MduoMt-_UOU-00002-00001180-00001332 voice that snares a video here today
MduoMt-_UOU-00003-00001333-00001512 we're guys a Photoshop sort of Christian
MduoMt-_UOU-00004-00001513-00001817 very own one-minute banner design we're
MduoMt-_UOU-00005-00001818-00002049 gonna call like liquid abstract blob
MduoMt-_UOU-00006-00002050-00002190 whatever the title says in the video as
MduoMt-_UOU-00007-00002191-00002349 you usually know we don't know but imma
MduoMt-_UOU-00008-00002350-00002451 try something different in today's video
MduoMt-_UOU-00009-00002452-00002592 so basically guys are the woman a better
MduoMt-_UOU-00010-00002593-00002718 design series are just taking a cool
MduoMt-_UOU-00011-00002719-00002871 effect and trying to make it so you can
MduoMt-_UOU-00012-00002872-00002997 do it of course in basically one minute
MduoMt-_UOU-00013-00002998-00003152 when you guys get it down packs a lot of
MduoMt-_UOU-00014-00003153-00003311 lower these times and cuts these videos
MduoMt-_UOU-00015-00003312-00003534 like super crazy so you guys let me know
MduoMt-_UOU-00016-00003535-00003684 this format today's video if it's better
MduoMt-_UOU-00017-00003685-00003857 for you and it works for you if it does
MduoMt-_UOU-00018-00003858-00004007 leave a like of course in a comment down
MduoMt-_UOU-00019-00004008-00004200 why you might think and not work but I'm
MduoMt-_UOU-00020-00004201-00004320 kind of good it's more gonna be like
MduoMt-_UOU-00021-00004321-00004509 step by step rather than explanatory so
MduoMt-_UOU-00022-00004510-00004641 you guys let me know how it is
MduoMt-_UOU-00023-00004642-00004775 regardless some said if I lights in the
MduoMt-_UOU-00024-00004776-00004911 video because sig now below it wasn't
MduoMt-_UOU-00025-00004912-00005136 the PS you guys see when we guys of
MduoMt-_UOU-00026-00005137-00005261 course design it all that good stuff and
MduoMt-_UOU-00027-00005262-00005378 I had to kind of have very step three
MduoMt-_UOU-00028-00005379-00005579 guys for the PSD and with that being
MduoMt-_UOU-00029-00005580-00005709 said let's just get this thing goin
MduoMt-_UOU-00030-00005710-00005912 also stay safe guys crona's no joke
MduoMt-_UOU-00031-00005913-00006071 whatsoever I'm in quarantine for like
MduoMt-_UOU-00032-00006072-00006122 two weeks
MduoMt-_UOU-00033-00006123-00006314 I'm out of my mind like my hair oh my
MduoMt-_UOU-00034-00006315-00006548 god alright look good is he going and I
MduoMt-_UOU-00035-00006550-00006630 hope you guys enjoy it
MduoMt-_UOU-00036-00006631-00006786 alright guys he's gonna say going rain
MduoMt-_UOU-00037-00006787-00006897 here right now so the first thing of
MduoMt-_UOU-00038-00006898-00007017 course that we're in and we are in a
MduoMt-_UOU-00039-00007018-00007173 Twitter head of dimension and that is
MduoMt-_UOU-00040-00007173-00007494 3000 by 1,000 pixels when it comes to
MduoMt-_UOU-00041-00007495-00007784 what the actual document size is so the
MduoMt-_UOU-00042-00007786-00007929 first thing is the background here is
MduoMt-_UOU-00043-00007930-00008109 actually this nice purple so this purple
MduoMt-_UOU-00044-00008109-00008271 here is this text tone right here
MduoMt-_UOU-00045-00008272-00008454 so with this hex tone we're gonna go
MduoMt-_UOU-00046-00008455-00008670 ahead and make a new layer and the way
MduoMt-_UOU-00047-00008671-00008775 we're gonna do it we're going to select
MduoMt-_UOU-00048-00008776-00008985 with a nice soft brush this color right
MduoMt-_UOU-00049-00008986-00009162 here that's starting color and move this
MduoMt-_UOU-00050-00009163-00009402 hue bar once over here one notch either
MduoMt-_UOU-00051-00009403-00009570 up or down first I start with my first
MduoMt-_UOU-00052-00009571-00009828 one being up press okay right now with
MduoMt-_UOU-00053-00009829-00009933 this new brush I'm gonna kind of make
MduoMt-_UOU-00054-00009934-00010080 myself a nice little gradient kind of
MduoMt-_UOU-00055-00010081-00010269 like curve the edge of this side then I
MduoMt-_UOU-00056-00010270-00010473 make another new layer and then take the
MduoMt-_UOU-00057-00010474-00010695 same default color again but then this
MduoMt-_UOU-00058-00010696-00010848 time just like going up I'm gonna go
MduoMt-_UOU-00059-00010849-00011061 down a little bit like a bit like a very
MduoMt-_UOU-00060-00011062-00011226 very little notch and I'm gonna take
MduoMt-_UOU-00061-00011227-00011388 another new layer and give myself a nice
MduoMt-_UOU-00062-00011389-00011564 little notch down here and we kind of
MduoMt-_UOU-00063-00011565-00011775 have ourselves a very simple base purple
MduoMt-_UOU-00064-00011776-00011921 now I'm gonna do I'm gonna go ahead and
MduoMt-_UOU-00065-00011922-00012093 make another new layer and I'm gonna go
MduoMt-_UOU-00066-00012094-00012239 use the rectangle nothing rights no
MduoMt-_UOU-00067-00012240-00012381 marquee tool but the ellipse marquee
MduoMt-_UOU-00068-00012382-00012521 tool and with this here when I click on
MduoMt-_UOU-00069-00012522-00012675 the middle of my canvas somewhere and
MduoMt-_UOU-00070-00012676-00012896 hold alt and shift as I'm clicking and
MduoMt-_UOU-00071-00012897-00013080 dragging to put my circle right in the
MduoMt-_UOU-00072-00013081-00013259 middle I'm gonna make a fairly big size
MduoMt-_UOU-00073-00013260-00013481 brush just like so then I'm gonna do in
MduoMt-_UOU-00074-00013482-00013575 the chamber for going to blah
MduoMt-_UOU-00075-00013576-00013763 and then press alt backspace to quick
MduoMt-_UOU-00076-00013765-00014000 fill it in ctrl D to deselect and I'm
MduoMt-_UOU-00077-00014001-00014189 gonna go hide in my rulers but now with
MduoMt-_UOU-00078-00014190-00014328 this circle here I'm gonna make a new
MduoMt-_UOU-00079-00014329-00014489 layer and then this new layer I'm gonna
MduoMt-_UOU-00080-00014490-00014678 click masters new layer and then I'm
MduoMt-_UOU-00081-00014679-00014786 gonna go ahead and just choose my colors
MduoMt-_UOU-00082-00014787-00014955 here I have over here as well so here
MduoMt-_UOU-00083-00014956-00015108 the hex tones these codes I'm using
MduoMt-_UOU-00084-00015109-00015471 right here just like this cool so I'm
MduoMt-_UOU-00085-00015472-00015663 actually start off with the blue take
MduoMt-_UOU-00086-00015663-00015810 this the left-hand side of this circle
MduoMt-_UOU-00087-00015811-00015978 here kind of get myself a little over
MduoMt-_UOU-00088-00015979-00016227 here take the pink on the bottom we're
MduoMt-_UOU-00089-00016228-00016386 gonna take this like peachy color more
MduoMt-_UOU-00090-00016387-00016527 on the top and I'm gonna take this
MduoMt-_UOU-00091-00016528-00016661 orange I think imma put a little more
MduoMt-_UOU-00092-00016662-00016860 pigment in it though take this orange
MduoMt-_UOU-00093-00016861-00017067 and put this right around here now we
MduoMt-_UOU-00094-00017068-00017265 have a nice simple kind of like or or a
MduoMt-_UOU-00095-00017266-00017453 kind of circle going on alright so now
MduoMt-_UOU-00096-00017454-00017597 with this circle where are we taking
MduoMt-_UOU-00097-00017598-00017772 this guven this together making a copy
MduoMt-_UOU-00098-00017773-00017975 of this circle now with this actual
MduoMt-_UOU-00099-00017976-00018108 circle are we taking it and making a
MduoMt-_UOU-00100-00018109-00018284 duplicate of it and then I'm gonna go to
MduoMt-_UOU-00101-00018285-00018522 where it says filter liquify and then
MduoMt-_UOU-00102-00018523-00018678 with these liquify these blobs I'm gonna
MduoMt-_UOU-00103-00018679-00018822 basically be using the fourth tab first
MduoMt-_UOU-00104-00018823-00018953 to give a little bit of a twirl
MduoMt-_UOU-00105-00018954-00019136 right give a nice little organic shape
MduoMt-_UOU-00106-00019137-00019278 now we're not really looking to make
MduoMt-_UOU-00107-00019279-00019449 really fun like crazy things like this
MduoMt-_UOU-00108-00019450-00019625 where I want to go outside the canvas we
MduoMt-_UOU-00109-00019626-00019764 want to make sure we kind of assist
MduoMt-_UOU-00110-00019765-00019980 these blobs just be more inside their
MduoMt-_UOU-00111-00019981-00020147 little zone here and kind of like just
MduoMt-_UOU-00112-00020148-00020250 kind of stretch it out a little bit
MduoMt-_UOU-00113-00020251-00020439 there a little bit here and make these
MduoMt-_UOU-00114-00020440-00020630 nice pretty organic shapes when you're
MduoMt-_UOU-00115-00020631-00020828 done you press ok then you have these
MduoMt-_UOU-00116-00020829-00020978 nice little shapes to assist put one
MduoMt-_UOU-00117-00020979-00021122 over here and then you just want to do
MduoMt-_UOU-00118-00021123-00021347 this one or two more times and get just
MduoMt-_UOU-00119-00021348-00021483 another one on this right hand side over
MduoMt-_UOU-00120-00021484-00021818 here
MduoMt-_UOU-00121-00021819-00022384 [Music]
MduoMt-_UOU-00122-00022385-00022580 alright guys now once you guys have your
MduoMt-_UOU-00123-00022581-00022748 blobs in the top right and the left hand
MduoMt-_UOU-00124-00022749-00022907 side want to take one more duplicate of
MduoMt-_UOU-00125-00022908-00023084 this circle just like so and then go to
MduoMt-_UOU-00126-00023085-00023366 filter liquify now within liquify I want
MduoMt-_UOU-00127-00023367-00023513 to take this circle and I want to go
MduoMt-_UOU-00128-00023514-00023681 ahead and give myself a nice little oval
MduoMt-_UOU-00129-00023682-00023894 kind of shape to get all these colors
MduoMt-_UOU-00130-00023895-00024062 mixed together and then you want to take
MduoMt-_UOU-00131-00024063-00024269 it and kind of pull your mouse top right
MduoMt-_UOU-00132-00024270-00024416 top left to get as many colors as
MduoMt-_UOU-00133-00024417-00024515 possible in there
MduoMt-_UOU-00134-00024516-00024776 basically give yourself a nice cool
MduoMt-_UOU-00135-00024777-00025039 Crescent kind of shape here right and
MduoMt-_UOU-00136-00025040-00025235 I'll sit something like this is pretty
MduoMt-_UOU-00137-00025236-00025412 good get a little bit of a swirl at the
MduoMt-_UOU-00138-00025413-00025604 end kind of just of course starting from
MduoMt-_UOU-00139-00025605-00025808 the top and let me get flows all the way
MduoMt-_UOU-00140-00025808-00025862 through
MduoMt-_UOU-00141-00025863-00026033 I was just enlike that might be good
MduoMt-_UOU-00142-00026033-00026189 enough let's just as you see press okay
MduoMt-_UOU-00143-00026189-00026399 and all you really want to do is to see
MduoMt-_UOU-00144-00026400-00026648 if it kind of Flitz fits through if we
MduoMt-_UOU-00145-00026649-00026905 put it like somewhere around here and
MduoMt-_UOU-00146-00026906-00027218 then of course below the circle and I
MduoMt-_UOU-00147-00027219-00027358 would say like honestly that's actually
MduoMt-_UOU-00148-00027360-00027554 pretty good I'm not I'm not upset with
MduoMt-_UOU-00149-00027555-00027727 that of course the many more codes you
MduoMt-_UOU-00150-00027729-00027889 get the more attention you guys do to
MduoMt-_UOU-00151-00027891-00028133 when it comes to the actual blob
MduoMt-_UOU-00152-00028133-00028295 themselves is you get the better result
MduoMt-_UOU-00153-00028295-00028481 honestly alright guys so when you guys
MduoMt-_UOU-00154-00028482-00028625 are now at this stage you want to take
MduoMt-_UOU-00155-00028626-00028766 your circle copy which is basically the
MduoMt-_UOU-00156-00028767-00029006 last layer you guys should have I'm
MduoMt-_UOU-00157-00029007-00029249 gonna press ctrl alt shift and E on your
MduoMt-_UOU-00158-00029250-00029300 keyboard
MduoMt-_UOU-00159-00029301-00029452 that'll merge everything together now
MduoMt-_UOU-00160-00029454-00029618 with these now merged layers in this one
MduoMt-_UOU-00161-00029619-00029762 single layer we want to make sure you
MduoMt-_UOU-00162-00029763-00029954 add on a nice little convert to smart
MduoMt-_UOU-00163-00029955-00030137 object and then we want to go to filter
MduoMt-_UOU-00164-00030138-00030374 and then go to filter gallery and then
MduoMt-_UOU-00165-00030375-00030514 you want to have your settings be on
MduoMt-_UOU-00166-00030516-00030710 artistic and we want to use plastic wrap
MduoMt-_UOU-00167-00030711-00030851 now the settings we want to have for
MduoMt-_UOU-00168-00030852-00031187 this plastic wrap is around 15 - and 15
MduoMt-_UOU-00169-00031188-00031352 if you guys want to go in and I actually
MduoMt-_UOU-00170-00031352-00031586 go to 13 but play with your settings
MduoMt-_UOU-00171-00031587-00031724 have fun with it you get way more
MduoMt-_UOU-00172-00031725-00031838 different results of course and you
MduoMt-_UOU-00173-00031839-00031979 change things around we're gonna press
MduoMt-_UOU-00174-00031980-00032183 ok though and we're gonna also take this
MduoMt-_UOU-00175-00032183-00032369 and put a layer mask on it then right
MduoMt-_UOU-00176-00032370-00032470 out with this layer mask of course when
MduoMt-_UOU-00177-00032472-00032606 I want to delete some stuff around so
MduoMt-_UOU-00178-00032607-00032780 I'm gonna take a black brush with this
MduoMt-_UOU-00179-00032781-00032963 layer mask and delete some things we
MduoMt-_UOU-00180-00032964-00033080 don't want too much kind of going on
MduoMt-_UOU-00181-00033081-00033218 here we just want this nice cool
MduoMt-_UOU-00182-00033219-00033647 rendered kind of fun 3d bevel bezel to
MduoMt-_UOU-00183-00033648-00033794 it right we're gonna take all this and
MduoMt-_UOU-00184-00033795-00033962 basically go around and erase sections
MduoMt-_UOU-00185-00033963-00034118 that you know just don't look too
MduoMt-_UOU-00186-00034119-00034280 appealing like right here doesn't look
MduoMt-_UOU-00187-00034281-00034445 too appealing go through the actual tire
MduoMt-_UOU-00188-00034446-00034634 banner and erase all this stuff and then
MduoMt-_UOU-00189-00034635-00034765 of course come back when you guys are
MduoMt-_UOU-00190-00034766-00034880 good to go
MduoMt-_UOU-00191-00034881-00035268 [Music]
MduoMt-_UOU-00192-00035269-00035470 all right now once you guys have it all
MduoMt-_UOU-00193-00035471-00035584 you race and I like good stuff you want
MduoMt-_UOU-00194-00035585-00035692 to add a little bit of an adjustment
MduoMt-_UOU-00195-00035693-00035851 we're gonna go to where it says vibrance
MduoMt-_UOU-00196-00035852-00035980 we're gonna add a little bit of vibrance
MduoMt-_UOU-00197-00035981-00036163 and a little bit of saturation then
MduoMt-_UOU-00198-00036164-00036244 we're gonna go how to make any another
MduoMt-_UOU-00199-00036245-00036412 new layer then we're gonna take a brush
MduoMt-_UOU-00200-00036413-00036616 here nice soft brush select the color
MduoMt-_UOU-00201-00036617-00036772 around the actual canvas by holding alt
MduoMt-_UOU-00202-00036773-00037006 take your color make it a little bit
MduoMt-_UOU-00203-00037007-00037159 darker of course just bringing in the
MduoMt-_UOU-00204-00037160-00037390 actual little circle here down then want
MduoMt-_UOU-00205-00037391-00037570 to go in here and kind of highlight this
MduoMt-_UOU-00206-00037571-00037702 little area here then I'm going to
MduoMt-_UOU-00207-00037703-00037840 change it from normal to linear dodge
MduoMt-_UOU-00208-00037841-00038050 add give ourself a nice little glow on
MduoMt-_UOU-00209-00038051-00038203 the orange I'm gonna basically add this
MduoMt-_UOU-00210-00038204-00038371 around the actual place where this of
MduoMt-_UOU-00211-00038372-00038530 course is orange like right around here
MduoMt-_UOU-00212-00038531-00038734 a little bit I have a look around here a
MduoMt-_UOU-00213-00038735-00038929 little bit right and they want to do
MduoMt-_UOU-00214-00038930-00039043 this from multiple colors don't do it
MduoMt-_UOU-00215-00039044-00039157 for one more color and that's gonna be
MduoMt-_UOU-00216-00039158-00039394 let's just say the blue which would do a
MduoMt-_UOU-00217-00039395-00039577 little bit of blue action here take this
MduoMt-_UOU-00218-00039578-00039748 make it a little more darker and put our
MduoMt-_UOU-00219-00039749-00039985 color in here as well just like this a
MduoMt-_UOU-00220-00039986-00040195 little bit of blue there I let here as
MduoMt-_UOU-00221-00040196-00040441 well be nice right make it look almost
MduoMt-_UOU-00222-00040442-00040582 like candy life which is a really cool
MduoMt-_UOU-00223-00040583-00040882 little effect right then we've got
MduoMt-_UOU-00224-00040883-00041005 ourselves out looking pretty good
MduoMt-_UOU-00225-00041006-00041143 actually put a text in here as well
MduoMt-_UOU-00226-00041144-00041470 right okay we're looking pretty good I
MduoMt-_UOU-00227-00041471-00041698 think the last little part I do here is
MduoMt-_UOU-00228-00041699-00041899 taking everything below this text layer
MduoMt-_UOU-00229-00041900-00042043 so don't mind the text layer we're gonna
MduoMt-_UOU-00230-00042044-00042304 press ctrl alt shift + V so click on the
MduoMt-_UOU-00231-00042305-00042445 top layer there you just finished off
MduoMt-_UOU-00232-00042446-00042640 doing which is that mostly gonna be the
MduoMt-_UOU-00233-00042641-00042784 brush layer I'm gonna take this layer
MduoMt-_UOU-00234-00042785-00042940 now that's all everything basically put
MduoMt-_UOU-00235-00042941-00043081 in together we're gonna go to where it
MduoMt-_UOU-00236-00043082-00043371 says filter blur Gaussian blur
MduoMt-_UOU-00237-00043372-00043681 put your studs about 1.5 pixels then of
MduoMt-_UOU-00238-00043682-00043801 course I'm gonna use another layer mask
MduoMt-_UOU-00239-00043802-00044026 and make your layer mask pure black so
MduoMt-_UOU-00240-00044027-00044155 there's currently white we're gonna make
MduoMt-_UOU-00241-00044156-00044365 it pure black now this is basically
MduoMt-_UOU-00242-00044366-00044551 saying it's all erased so if we take a
MduoMt-_UOU-00243-00044552-00044785 white brush and get in here and get all
MduoMt-_UOU-00244-00044786-00044986 all these really weird kind of like
MduoMt-_UOU-00245-00044987-00045148 places where it's a little bit too sharp
MduoMt-_UOU-00246-00045149-00045355 or a little bit weird like scenarios
MduoMt-_UOU-00247-00045356-00045481 like right here we can just blur that
MduoMt-_UOU-00248-00045482-00045619 out a little bit so now it's right here
MduoMt-_UOU-00249-00045620-00045796 we can blur that out Brian so all these
MduoMt-_UOU-00250-00045797-00045898 little spots that you just don't think
MduoMt-_UOU-00251-00045899-00046015 it looks good you can just give it some
MduoMt-_UOU-00252-00046016-00046261 give it a little bit of a blur and I you
MduoMt-_UOU-00253-00046262-00047318 should be good
MduoMt-_UOU-00254-00047319-00047540 all right now once you guys are all done
MduoMt-_UOU-00255-00047541-00047660 you're pretty much you pretty much
MduoMt-_UOU-00256-00047661-00047798 aren't done so right I'm gonna take this
MduoMt-_UOU-00257-00047799-00048038 take my vibrance once again and oddly
MduoMt-_UOU-00258-00048039-00048206 enough it doesn't take my vibrance here
MduoMt-_UOU-00259-00048207-00048359 and lower this down just a little bit
MduoMt-_UOU-00260-00048360-00048542 here put my saturation up just a little
MduoMt-_UOU-00261-00048543-00048752 bit like so give myself a little more of
MduoMt-_UOU-00262-00048753-00048998 that kind of how do you say tie-dye kind
MduoMt-_UOU-00263-00048999-00049076 of esque
MduoMt-_UOU-00264-00049077-00049229 kind of feel right and then you have
MduoMt-_UOU-00265-00049230-00049475 some like this and I think you're pretty
MduoMt-_UOU-00266-00049476-00049694 much done you got yourself a nice cool
MduoMt-_UOU-00267-00049695-00049988 clean very weird abstract blob kind of
MduoMt-_UOU-00268-00049989-00050285 effect so basically right just you guys
MduoMt-_UOU-00269-00050286-00050456 know don't be afraid of change around
MduoMt-_UOU-00270-00050457-00050594 and measure out your blobs all the good
MduoMt-_UOU-00271-00050595-00050789 stuff of course the more you time more
MduoMt-_UOU-00272-00050790-00051005 time more time you take on your blobs
MduoMt-_UOU-00273-00051006-00051248 the better they do look and let me know
MduoMt-_UOU-00274-00051249-00051370 in the comment section below if you guys
MduoMt-_UOU-00275-00051371-00051515 like to stop me kind of moving a little
MduoMt-_UOU-00276-00051516-00051644 bit quicker apologies for that
MduoMt-_UOU-00277-00051645-00051916 appreciate you Devon for purchasing got
MduoMt-_UOU-00278-00051917-00052151 you that little shout out action but yo
MduoMt-_UOU-00279-00052152-00052340 just like give yourself a nice little
MduoMt-_UOU-00280-00052341-00052538 kind of maybe a few minutes on each blob
MduoMt-_UOU-00281-00052539-00052715 you're gonna get a really nice effect so
MduoMt-_UOU-00282-00052716-00052826 let me know in the comment below if you
MduoMt-_UOU-00283-00052827-00053066 guys like it and yeah Tata guys later so
MduoMt-_UOU-00284-00053066-00053291 so HQ out you have to get a keep smiling
MduoMt-_UOU-00285-00053291-00053504 stay positive and stay a freakin good
MduoMt-_UOU-00286-00053504-00053561 guys
MduoMt-_UOU-00287-00053562-00053699 I know it's hard for this coronavirus
MduoMt-_UOU-00288-00053700-00053825 stuff going on here but just stay as
MduoMt-_UOU-00289-00053826-00053924 productive as possible
MduoMt-_UOU-00290-00053925-00054152 be as healthy as possible eat as much as
MduoMt-_UOU-00291-00054153-00054347 you guys need to enjoy yourselves it's
MduoMt-_UOU-00292-00054348-00054529 not a vacation just leave it as like a
MduoMt-_UOU-00293-00054530-00054674 nice place to kind of get yourself
MduoMt-_UOU-00294-00054675-00054875 settled good to go and ready when you
MduoMt-_UOU-00295-00054876-00055013 guys of course can leave and enjoy
MduoMt-_UOU-00296-00055014-00055163 yourselves that you're just like you're
MduoMt-_UOU-00297-00055164-00055330 still in that momentum so keep that in
MduoMt-_UOU-00298-00055332-00055535 mind love you guys peace
MduoMt-_UOU-00299-00055536-00055733 okay there's a little bit of an easter
MduoMt-_UOU-00300-00055734-00055844 egg so I'm gonna say something really
MduoMt-_UOU-00301-00055845-00055979 quick so just go back all the way back
MduoMt-_UOU-00302-00055979-00056261 so we only have a circle then you can
MduoMt-_UOU-00303-00056262-00056423 take this will make this work a little
MduoMt-_UOU-00304-00056424-00056582 bit bigger if we'll make another circle
MduoMt-_UOU-00305-00056583-00056777 right below it but Matt actually make it
MduoMt-_UOU-00306-00056778-00056996 a shadow right a little bit of a shadow
MduoMt-_UOU-00307-00056997-00057125 action here gonna make a nice little
MduoMt-_UOU-00308-00057126-00057316 circle below it it's like a purple drag
MduoMt-_UOU-00309-00057317-00057527 a little bit down shadow action let me
MduoMt-_UOU-00310-00057528-00057655 have a little bit of a blur going on
MduoMt-_UOU-00311-00057657-00057899 here for the shadow now with this we can
MduoMt-_UOU-00312-00057900-00058049 take this then you can just add some
MduoMt-_UOU-00313-00058050-00058211 little bit of UI elements around and
MduoMt-_UOU-00314-00058212-00058358 like different areas and you have a
MduoMt-_UOU-00315-00058359-00058555 completely different look a completely
MduoMt-_UOU-00316-00058557-00058729 different feel and it could just be like
MduoMt-_UOU-00317-00058730-00058867 it could just look really freaking cool
MduoMt-_UOU-00318-00058869-00059054 for just a little bit UI elements around
MduoMt-_UOU-00319-00059054-00059234 that's just like another style an idea
MduoMt-_UOU-00320-00059235-00059411 didn't want to put in the video onto the
MduoMt-_UOU-00321-00059412-00059522 end because this is just one of those
MduoMt-_UOU-00322-00059523-00059696 other things you can explore with enjoy
MduoMt-_UOU-00323-00059697-00060050 I'll start you guys later peace
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00000-00000015-00000246 the term ephemeris time often
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00001-00000247-00000519 abbreviated ET can in principle refer to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00002-00000520-00000699 time in connection with any astronomical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00003-00000700-00000996 ephemeris in practice it has been used
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00004-00000997-00001317 more specifically to refer to a former
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00005-00001318-00001560 standard astronomical timescale adopted
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00006-00001561-00001889 in 1952 by the IAU and superseded in the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00007-00001889-00002238 1970s this timescale was proposed in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00008-00002239-00002493 1948 to overcome the drawbacks of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00009-00002494-00002696 irregularly fluctuating mean solar time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00010-00002697-00003000 the intent was to define a uniform time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00011-00003001-00003206 as far as was then feasible based on
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00012-00003207-00003455 Newtonian theory see below definition of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00013-00003456-00003836 ephemeris time 1952 ephemeris time was a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00014-00003837-00004059 first application of the concept of a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00015-00004060-00004286 dynamical time scale in which the time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00016-00004287-00004481 and time scale are defined implicitly
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00017-00004482-00004682 inferred from the observed position of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00018-00004683-00004922 an astronomical object via the dynamical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00019-00004923-00005175 theory of its motion a modern
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00020-00005176-00005375 relativistic coordinate time scale
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00021-00005376-00005606 implemented by the JPL ephemeris time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00022-00005607-00005918 argument teph in a series of numerically
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00023-00005919-00006209 integrated development FM era T's among
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00024-00006210-00006450 them as the de 405 ephemeris in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00025-00006451-00006729 widespread current years the time scale
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00026-00006730-00006987 represented by teph is closely related
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00027-00006988-00007275 to but distinct by an offset in constant
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00028-00007276-00007539 rate from the TCB time scale currently
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00029-00007540-00007779 adopted as a standard by the IAU see
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00030-00007780-00008045 below JPL ephemeris time argument teph
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00031-00008047-00008313 most of the following sections relate to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00032-00008314-00008568 the ephemeris time of the 1952 standard
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00033-00008569-00008868 an impression has sometimes arisen that
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00034-00008869-00009150 ephemeris time was in use from 1900 this
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00035-00009151-00009360 probably arose because et though
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00036-00009361-00009654 proposed and adopted in the period 1948
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00037-00009655-00009972 to 1952 was defined in detail using
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00038-00009973-00010194 formula that made retrospective use of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00039-00010195-00010488 the epoch date of 1900 January 0 and of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00040-00010489-00010653 Newcomb's tables of the Sun the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00041-00010654-00010917 ephemeris time of the 1952 standard
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00042-00010918-00011103 leaves a continuing legacy through its
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00043-00011104-00011292 ephemeris second which became closely
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00044-00011293-00011475 duplicated in the length of the current
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00045-00011476-00011769 standard SI ii see below redefinition of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00046-00011770-00012319 the second
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00047-00012320-00013033 topic history 1952 standard
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00048-00013034-00013363 ephemeris time ET adopted as standard in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00049-00013363-00013633 1952 was originally designed as an
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00050-00013634-00013846 approach to a uniform time scale to be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00051-00013847-00014038 freed from the effects of irregularity
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00052-00014038-00014224 in the rotation of the earth for the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00053-00014225-00014422 convenience of astronomers and other
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00054-00014422-00014728 scientists for example for use in F
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00055-00014729-00014925 emeriti 's of the Sun as observed from
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00056-00014926-00015180 the earth the moon and the planets it
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00057-00015181-00015490 was proposed in 1948 by G M Clements
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00058-00015491-00015813 from the time of John Flamsteed 1646 to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00059-00015815-00016038 1719 it had been believed that the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00060-00016040-00016315 Earth's daily rotation was uniform but
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00061-00016316-00016494 in the later 19th and early 20th
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00062-00016495-00016717 centuries with increasing precision of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00063-00016718-00016930 astronomical measurements it began to be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00064-00016931-00017149 suspected and was eventually established
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00065-00017150-00017341 that the rotation of the earth ie the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00066-00017342-00017533 length of the day showed irregularities
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00067-00017534-00017733 on short timescales and was slowing down
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00068-00017734-00018030 on longer timescales the evidence was
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00069-00018031-00018358 compiled by W de sitter 1927 who wrote
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00070-00018359-00018643 if we accept this hypothesis then the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00071-00018644-00018850 astronomical time given by the Earth's
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00072-00018851-00019094 rotation and used in all practical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00073-00019095-00019363 astronomical computations differs from
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00074-00019364-00019639 the uniform or Newtonian time which is
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00075-00019640-00019869 defined as the independent variable of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00076-00019870-00020233 the equations of celestial mechanics de
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00077-00020234-00020392 sitter offered a correction to be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00078-00020393-00020580 applied to the mean solar time given by
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00079-00020581-00020817 the Earth's rotation to get uniform time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00080-00020818-00021091 other astronomers of the period also
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00081-00021092-00021325 made suggestions for obtaining uniform
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00082-00021326-00021622 time including a Dan John 1929 who
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00083-00021623-00021802 suggested in effect that observed
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00084-00021803-00022027 positions of the Moon Sun and planets
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00085-00022028-00022134 when compared with their
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00086-00022135-00022359 well-established gravitational f emeriti
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00087-00022360-00022534 z' could better and more uniformly
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00088-00022535-00022747 define and determine time thus the aim
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00089-00022748-00022947 developed to provide a new time scale
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00090-00022948-00023164 for astronomical and scientific purposes
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00091-00023165-00023347 to avoid the unpredictable
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00092-00023348-00023527 irregularities of the mean solar time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00093-00023528-00023755 scale and to replace for these purposes
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00094-00023756-00024012 universal time UT and any other time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00095-00024013-00024193 scale based on the rotation of the earth
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00096-00024194-00024580 around its axis such as sidereal time GM
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00097-00024581-00024906 Clement 1948 made a detailed proposal of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00098-00024907-00025084 this type based on the results of H
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00099-00025085-00025546 Spencer Jones 1939 Clemmons 1948 made it
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00100-00025547-00025774 clear that his proposal was intended for
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00101-00025775-00025989 the convenience of astronomers and other
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00102-00025990-00026346 scientists only and that it was logical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00103-00026347-00026427 to continue
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00104-00026429-00026833 mean solar time for civil purposes de
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00105-00026833-00027019 sitter and clemont's both referred to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00106-00027020-00027244 the proposal as Newtonian or uniform
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00107-00027245-00027517 time de Brouwer suggested the name
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00108-00027518-00027708 ephemeris time following this an
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00109-00027710-00027943 astronomical conference held in Paris in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00110-00027944-00028252 1950 recommended that in all cases where
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00111-00028252-00028447 the mean solar second as unsatisfactory
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00112-00028448-00028735 as a unit of time by reason of its
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00113-00028736-00028987 variability the unit adopted should be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00114-00028988-00029350 the sidereal year at 1900 point o that
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00115-00029351-00029524 the time reckoned in this unit be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00116-00029525-00029824 designated ephemeris time and gave
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00117-00029825-00030045 clemens his formula c definition of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00118-00030047-00030361 ephemeris time 1952 for translating mean
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00119-00030362-00030639 solar time to ephemeris time the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00120-00030641-00030802 International Astronomical Union
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00121-00030802-00031089 approved this recommendation at its 1950
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00122-00031091-00031345 to General Assembly practical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00123-00031345-00031561 introduction took some time see use of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00124-00031562-00031768 ephemeris time in official almanacs and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00125-00031769-00032058 FM era T's ephemeris time et remained a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00126-00032060-00032326 standard until superseded in the 1970s
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00127-00032327-00032564 by further timescales see revision
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00128-00032566-00032839 during the currency of ephemeris time as
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00129-00032840-00033037 a standard the details were revised a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00130-00033038-00033280 little the unit was redefined in terms
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00131-00033281-00033598 of the tropical year at 1900 point o
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00132-00033599-00033790 instead of the sidereal year and the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00133-00033791-00034075 standard second was defined first as 131
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00134-00034076-00034315 million five hundred fifty six thousand
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00135-00034316-00034609 nine hundred twenty-fifth 0.975 of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00136-00034610-00034909 tropical year at 1900 point o and then
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00137-00034910-00035170 is the slightly modified fraction 131
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00138-00035171-00035413 million five hundred fifty-six thousand
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00139-00035414-00035608 nine hundred twenty fifth point nine
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00140-00035609-00035860 seven four seven instead finally being
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00141-00035861-00036247 redefined in 1960 7/8 in terms of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00142-00036248-00036525 cesium atomic clock standard see below
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00143-00036526-00036832 although et is no longer directly in use
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00144-00036833-00037102 it leaves a continuing legacy its
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00145-00037103-00037384 successor time scales such as T DT as
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00146-00037385-00037624 well as the atomic time scale I 80
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00147-00037625-00037801 ty were designed with a relationship
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00148-00037802-00038095 that provides continuity with ephemeris
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00149-00038096-00038437 time ET was used for the calibration of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00150-00038438-00038689 atomic clocks in the 1950s close
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00151-00038690-00038911 equality between the ET ii with the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00152-00038912-00039163 later SI ii as defined with reference to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00153-00039164-00039337 the cesium atomic clock has been
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00154-00039338-00039604 verified to within one part in 1010 in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00155-00039605-00039799 this way decisions made by the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00156-00039800-00039961 original designers of ephemeris time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00157-00039962-00040135 influenced the length of today's
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00158-00040136-00040378 standard si second and in turn this has
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00159-00040379-00040555 a continuing influence on the number of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00160-00040556-00040720 leap seconds which have been needed for
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00161-00040721-00040870 insertion into current broadcast
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00162-00040871-00041125 timescales to keep them approximately in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00163-00041126-00041772 step with mean solar time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00164-00041773-00042458 topic definition 1952
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00165-00042459-00042723 ephemeris time was defined in principle
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00166-00042724-00042860 by the orbital motion of the earth
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00167-00042861-00043055 around the Sun but it's practical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00168-00043056-00043260 implementation was usually achieved in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00169-00043261-00043332 another way
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00170-00043333-00043635 see below it's detailed definition
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00171-00043636-00043851 depended on Simon Newcomb's tables of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00172-00043852-00044151 the sunday 1895 interpreted in a new way
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00173-00044152-00044310 to accommodate certain observed
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00174-00044311-00044601 discrepancies in the introduction to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00175-00044602-00044891 Newcomb's tables of the sunday 1895 the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00176-00044892-00045140 basis of the tables p9 includes a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00177-00045141-00045354 formula for the sun's mean longitude at
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00178-00045355-00045623 a time indicated by interval T in Julian
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00179-00045624-00046035 centuries of 36,000 525 means solar days
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00180-00046036-00046254 reckoned from greenwich mean new nonzero
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00181-00046255-00046751 January 1900 ELLs equals 279 degrees
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00182-00046752-00047024 forty one forty eight point zero four
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00183-00047025-00047387 plus 129 million six hundred two
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00184-00047388-00047648 thousand seven hundred sixty eight
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00185-00047649-00048083 thirteen T plus one point zero 892 one
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00186-00048084-00048386 spencer-jones work of 1939 showed that
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00187-00048387-00048524 the positions of the Sun actually
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00188-00048525-00048710 observed when compared with those
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00189-00048711-00048929 obtained from Newcomb's formula show the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00190-00048930-00049098 need for the following correction to the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00191-00049099-00049336 formula to represent the observations
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00192-00049337-00049649 Delta L Z equals plus one point zero
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00193-00049650-00050148 zero plus two inches 97 T plus one point
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00194-00050149-00050519 two three T 2 plus zero point zero seven
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00195-00050520-00050840 four eight B where the times of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00196-00050841-00051060 observation are in Universal Time not
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00197-00051061-00051266 corrected to Newtonian time and zero
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00198-00051267-00051537 point zero seven four eight B represents
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00199-00051538-00051752 an irregular fluctuation calculated from
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00200-00051753-00051895 lunar observations
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00201-00051896-00052185 thus a conventionally corrected form of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00202-00052186-00052386 Newcomb's formula to incorporate the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00203-00052387-00052580 corrections on the basis of mean solar
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00204-00052581-00052740 time would be the sum of the two
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00205-00052741-00053166 preceding expressions LZ equals 279
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00206-00053166-00053421 degrees forty one forty nine point zero
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00207-00053422-00053847 four plus 129 million six hundred two
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00208-00053848-00054228 thousand seven hundred seventy-one ten T
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00209-00054229-00054603 plus to 0.32 t2 plus zero point zero
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00210-00054604-00054972 seven four eight B to clemencies 1948
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00211-00054973-00055191 proposal did not adopt a correction of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00212-00055191-00055367 this kind in terms of mean solar time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00213-00055368-00055616 instead the same numbers were used as in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00214-00055617-00055869 Newcomb's original uncorrected formula
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00215-00055870-00056067 but now in a reverse sense to define the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00216-00056069-00056292 time and time scale implicitly based on
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00217-00056294-00056611 the real position of the son ELLs equals
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00218-00056612-00056826 two hundred seventy nine degrees forty
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00219-00056827-00057117 one forty eight point zero four plus one
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00220-00057119-00057357 hundred twenty nine million six hundred
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00221-00057358-00057678 two thousand seven hundred sixty-eight
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00222-00057679-00058038 thirteen plus one point zero eight nine
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00223-00058039-00058311 times ten to the to three where the time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00224-00058312-00058561 variable here represented as II now
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00225-00058562-00058804 represents time in ephemeris centuries
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00226-00058804-00058992 of thirty six thousand five hundred
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00227-00058993-00059400 twenty five ephemeris days of 86,400
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00228-00059401-00059803 ephemeris seconds the 1961 official
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00229-00059804-00060087 reference put it this way the origin and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00230-00060088-00060282 rate of ephemeris time are defined to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00231-00060283-00060478 make the sons mean longitude agree with
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00232-00060479-00060673 Newcomb's expression from the comparison
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00233-00060674-00060904 of formulae two and three both of which
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00234-00060904-00061129 express the same real solar motion in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00235-00061129-00061324 the same real time but on different time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00236-00061325-00061384 scales
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00237-00061385-00061551 clemont's arrived at an explicit
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00238-00061552-00061747 expression estimating the difference in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00239-00061748-00061929 seconds of time between ephemeris time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00240-00061930-00062279 and means solar time in the sense et u T
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00241-00062280-00062603 delta T
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00242-00062604-00064026 equals plus 24s 0.34 9 plus 72 s 0.316
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00243-00064027-00065700 5t plus 29 s 0.9 49 t 2 plus 1 821 b
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00244-00065701-00066055 display style delta t equals plus 2 for
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00245-00066056-00066491 caret s point 3 4 9 plus 72 caret s 3 1
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00246-00066492-00067075 6 5 t + 2 9 carat s 949 t carrot 2 + 1
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00247-00067076-00067505 point 8 - 1 b for Clemens is formula now
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00248-00067506-00067724 superseded by more modern estimations
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00249-00067725-00067934 was included in the original conference
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00250-00067935-00068192 decision on ephemeris time in view of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00251-00068193-00068378 the fluctuation term practical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00252-00068379-00068537 determination of the difference between
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00253-00068538-00068749 ephemeris time and UT depended on
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00254-00068750-00069037 observation inspection of the formulae
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00255-00069038-00069254 above shows that the ideally constant
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00256-00069255-00069440 unit of ephemeris time such as the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00257-00069441-00069623 ephemeris second has been for the whole
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00258-00069624-00069832 of the 20th century very slightly
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00259-00069833-00070012 shorter than the corresponding but not
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00260-00070013-00070231 precisely constant unit of mean solar
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00261-00070232-00070412 time which besides its irregular
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00262-00070413-00070634 fluctuations tends gradually to increase
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00263-00070635-00070823 consistently also with the modern
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00264-00070824-00071032 results of Morrison and Stevenson see
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00265-00071033-00071653 article delta T
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00266-00071654-00072207 topic implementations
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00267-00072208-00072547 you
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00268-00072548-00072899 topic secondary realizations by lunar
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00269-00072900-00073312 observations
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00270-00073313-00073552 although ephemeris time was defined in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00271-00073553-00073744 principle by the orbital motion of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00272-00073745-00073930 earth around the Sun it was usually
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00273-00073931-00074104 measured in practice by the orbital
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00274-00074105-00074238 motion of the Moon around the earth
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00275-00074239-00074503 these measurements can be considered as
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00276-00074504-00074710 secondary realizations in a metrological
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00277-00074711-00074998 sense of the primary definition of ET in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00278-00074999-00075172 terms of the solar motion after a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00279-00075173-00075367 calibration of the mean motion of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00280-00075368-00075568 moon with respect to the mean motion of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00281-00075569-00075748 the Sun reasons for the use of lunar
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00282-00075749-00075934 measurements were practically based the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00283-00075935-00076099 moon moves against the background of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00284-00076100-00076339 stars about 13 times as fast as the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00285-00076340-00076540 sun's corresponding rate of motion and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00286-00076541-00076759 the accuracy of time determinations from
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00287-00076760-00076942 lunar measurements is correspondingly
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00288-00076943-00077239 greater when ephemeris time was first
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00289-00077240-00077473 adopted time scales were still based on
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00290-00077474-00077698 astronomical observation as they always
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00291-00077699-00077971 had been the accuracy was limited by the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00292-00077972-00078190 accuracy of optical observation and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00293-00078191-00078391 corrections of clocks and time signals
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00294-00078392-00078990 were published in her rear
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00295-00078991-00079344 topic secondary realizations by atomic
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00296-00079345-00079722 clocks
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00297-00079723-00079959 a few years later with the invention of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00298-00079960-00080181 the cesium atomic clock an alternative
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00299-00080182-00080475 offered itself increasingly after the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00300-00080476-00080766 calibration in 1958 of the cesium atomic
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00301-00080767-00080955 clock by reference to ephemeris time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00302-00080956-00081195 cesium atomic clocks running on the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00303-00081196-00081408 basis of ephemeris seconds began to be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00304-00081409-00081591 used and kept in step with ephemeris
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00305-00081592-00081879 time the atomic clocks offered a further
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00306-00081880-00082170 secondary realization of ET on a quasi
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00307-00082171-00082374 real-time basis that soon proved to be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00308-00082375-00082614 more useful than the primary ET standard
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00309-00082615-00082830 not only more convenient but also more
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00310-00082831-00083022 precisely uniform than the primary
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00311-00083023-00083250 standard itself such secondary
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00312-00083251-00083499 realizations were used and described as
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00313-00083500-00083736 ET with an awareness that the timescales
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00314-00083737-00083928 based on the atomic clocks were not
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00315-00083929-00084141 identical to that defined by the primary
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00316-00084142-00084342 ephemeris time standard but rather an
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00317-00084343-00084519 improvement over it on account of their
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00318-00084520-00084801 closer approximation to uniformity the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00319-00084802-00085029 atomic clocks gave rise to the atomic
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00320-00085030-00085215 time scale into what was first called
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00321-00085216-00085428 terrestrial dynamical time and is now
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00322-00085429-00085626 terrestrial time defined to provide
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00323-00085627-00085869 continuity with ET the availability of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00324-00085870-00086046 atomic clocks together with the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00325-00086047-00086228 increasing accuracy of astronomical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00326-00086229-00086394 observations which meant that
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00327-00086395-00086589 relativistic Corrections were at least
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00328-00086590-00086781 in the foreseeable future no longer
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00329-00086782-00086940 going to be small enough to be neglected
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00330-00086941-00087159 led to the eventual replacement of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00331-00087160-00087363 ephemeris time standard by more refined
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00332-00087364-00087579 time scales including terrestrial time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00333-00087580-00087801 and barycentric dynamical time to which
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00334-00087802-00088511 ET can be seen as an approximation
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00335-00088512-00089123 topic revision of time scales
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00336-00089124-00089465 in 1976 the IAU resolved that the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00337-00089466-00089747 theoretical basis for its current 1952
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00338-00089748-00089923 standard of ephemeris time was
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00339-00089924-00090088 nonrelativistic and that therefore
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00340-00090089-00090391 beginning in 1984 ephemeris time would
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00341-00090392-00090610 be replaced by two relativistic time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00342-00090611-00090835 scales intended to constitute dynamical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00343-00090836-00091099 time scales terrestrial dynamical time T
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00344-00091100-00091413 DT and barycentric dynamical time t DB
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00345-00091414-00091660 difficulties were recognized which led
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00346-00091661-00091865 to these being in turn superseded in the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00347-00091866-00092205 1990s by time scales terrestrial time tt
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00348-00092206-00092605 geocentric coordinate time GC t TCG and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00349-00092606-00093105 barycentric coordinate time bc t t CB
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00350-00093106-00093450 topic JPL ephemeris time argument teph
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00351-00093451-00093736 high-precision f emeritus of Sun Moon
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00352-00093737-00093898 and planets were developed and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00353-00093899-00094016 calculated at the Jet Propulsion
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00354-00094017-00094351 Laboratory JPL over a long period and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00355-00094352-00094543 the latest available were adopted for
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00356-00094544-00094723 the F emeriti Xin the astronomical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00357-00094724-00095060 Almanac starting in 1984 although not an
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00358-00095061-00095234 eye au standard the ephemeris time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00359-00095235-00095504 argument teph has been in use at that
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00360-00095505-00095840 institution since the 1960s the time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00361-00095841-00096100 scale represented by teph has been
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00362-00096101-00096256 characterized as a relativistic
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00363-00096257-00096436 coordinate time that differs from
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00364-00096437-00096691 terrestrial time only by small periodic
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00365-00096692-00096886 terms with an amplitude not exceeding
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00366-00096887-00097103 two milliseconds of time it is linearly
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00367-00097104-00097351 related to but distinct by an offset and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00368-00097352-00097523 constant rate which is of the order of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00369-00097524-00097900 0.5 s a from the TCB time scale adopted
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00370-00097901-00098260 in 1991 as a standard by the IAU thus
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00371-00098261-00098500 for clocks under near the geoid teph
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00372-00098501-00098716 within two milliseconds but not so
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00373-00098717-00098923 closely TCB can be used as
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00374-00098924-00099146 approximations to terrestrial time and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00375-00099147-00099412 via the standard f emeriti z' teph as in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00376-00099413-00099635 widespread use partly an acknowledgment
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00377-00099636-00099884 of the widespread use of teph via the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00378-00099885-00100298 JPL ephemeris IAU resolution 3 of 2006
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00379-00100299-00100588 re defined barycentric dynamical time T
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00380-00100589-00100928 DB as a current standard as redefined in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00381-00100929-00101263 2006 T DB as a linear transformation of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00382-00101264-00101656 TCB the same IAU resolution also stated
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00383-00101657-00101857 in note 4 that the independent time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00384-00101858-00102181 argument of the JPL ephemeris de 405
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00385-00102182-00102497 which is called teph here the IAU source
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00386-00102498-00102725 is for practical purposes the same as
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00387-00102726-00103043 TVB defined in this resolution thus the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00388-00103044-00103333 new TD be like teph is essentially a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00389-00103334-00103541 more refined continuation of the older
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00390-00103542-00104257 ephemeris time et and apart from that
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00391-00104258-00104569 topic using official almanacs in f
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00392-00104570-00104984 emeriti x'
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00393-00104985-00105216 ephemeris time based on the standard
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00394-00105217-00105507 adopted in 1952 was introduced into the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00395-00105508-00105734 astronomical ephemeris UK and the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00396-00105735-00105945 american ephemeris and nautical almanac
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00397-00105946-00106191 replacing UT in the main f emeriti z' in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00398-00106192-00106515 the issues for 1960 and after but the f
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00399-00106516-00106707 emeriti x' in the nautical almanac by
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00400-00106708-00106902 then a separate publication for the use
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00401-00106903-00107108 of navigators continued to be expressed
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00402-00107109-00107366 in terms of UT the f emeritus continued
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00403-00107367-00107609 on this basis through 1983 with some
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00404-00107610-00107796 changes due to adoption of improved
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00405-00107797-00108039 values of astronomical constants after
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00406-00108040-00108308 which for 1984 onwards they adopted the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00407-00108309-00108710 JPL ephemeris previous to the 1960
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00408-00108711-00108941 change the improved lunar ephemeris had
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00409-00108942-00109133 already been made available in terms of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00410-00109134-00109413 ephemeris time for the years 1952 to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00411-00109414-00109754 1959 computed by WJ Eckert from brown's
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00412-00109755-00109985 theory with modifications recommended by
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00413-00109986-00110644 Clements 1948
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00414-00110645-00111040 topic redefinition of the second
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00415-00111041-00111248 you
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00416-00111249-00111483 successive definitions of the unit of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00417-00111483-00111642 ephemeris time are mentioned above
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00418-00111643-00112028 history the value adopted for the 1956
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00419-00112029-00112431 1960 standard second the fraction 130
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00420-00112432-00112665 first five hundred fifty six thousand
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00421-00112666-00112842 nine hundred twenty five point nine
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00422-00112843-00113091 seven four seven of the tropical year
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00423-00113092-00113340 for nineteen hundred january zero at 12
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00424-00113341-00113556 hours ephemeris time dot was obtained
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00425-00113557-00113730 from the linear time coefficient in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00426-00113731-00113919 Newcomb's expression for the solar mean
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00427-00113920-00114144 longitude above taken and applied with
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00428-00114145-00114297 the same meaning for the time as in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00429-00114298-00114576 Formula three above the relation with
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00430-00114577-00114779 Newcomb's coefficient can be seen from
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00431-00114780-00115080 one thirty first five hundred fifty six
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00432-00115081-00115310 thousand nine hundred twenty five point
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00433-00115311-00115593 nine seven four seven equals one hundred
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00434-00115594-00115794 twenty nine million six hundred two
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00435-00115795-00116013 thousand seven hundred sixty eight point
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00436-00116014-00116277 one three three hundred sixty times 60
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00437-00116278-00116541 times 60 times thirty six thousand five
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00438-00116542-00116778 hundred twenty five times eighty six
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00439-00116779-00116988 thousand four hundred cesium atomic
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00440-00116989-00117308 clocks became operational in 1955 and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00441-00117309-00117485 quickly confirmed the evidence that the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00442-00117486-00117648 rotation of the earth fluctuated
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00443-00117649-00117855 randomly this confirmed the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00444-00117856-00118083 unsuitability of the mean solar ii of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00445-00118083-00118269 universal time as a measure of time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00446-00118270-00118460 interval for the most precise purposes
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00447-00118461-00118740 after three years of comparisons with
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00448-00118741-00119088 lunar observations Markowitz at all 1958
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00449-00119089-00119274 determined that the ephemeris second
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00450-00119275-00119955 corresponding to 9,192,631,770 plus or
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00451-00119956-00120192 minus 20 cycles of the chosen caesium
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00452-00120193-00120555 resonance following this in 1967-68 the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00453-00120556-00120710 General Conference on weights and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00454-00120711-00121002 measures cgpm replaced the definition of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00455-00121003-00121272 the SI second by the following the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00456-00121273-00121880 second is the duration of 9,192,631,770
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00457-00121881-00122091 periods of the radiation corresponding
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00458-00122092-00122283 to the transition between the two
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00459-00122283-00122483 hyperfine levels of the ground state of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00460-00122484-00122880 the caesium 133 atom although this is an
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00461-00122881-00123051 independent definition that does not
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00462-00123052-00123258 refer to the older basis of ephemeris
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00463-00123258-00123465 time it uses the same quantity as the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00464-00123466-00123648 value of the ephemeris second measured
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00465-00123649-00124008 by the cesium clock in 1958 this SI
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00466-00124008-00124245 second referred to atomic time was later
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00467-00124246-00124515 verified by Markowitz 1988 to be an
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00468-00124516-00124603 agreement with
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00469-00124604-00124819 one part in 1010 with the second of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00470-00124820-00125023 ephemeris time is determined from lunar
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00471-00125024-00125263 observations for practical purposes the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00472-00125264-00125431 length of the ephemeris second can be
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00473-00125432-00125596 taken as equal to the length of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00474-00125597-00125883 second of barycentric dynamical time TDB
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00475-00125884-00126133 or terrestrial time TT or its
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00476-00126133-00126457 predecessor t dt the difference between
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00477-00126458-00126772 ET and UT is called delta t it changes
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00478-00126773-00126964 irregularly but the long-term trend is
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00479-00126965-00127183 parabolic decreasing from ancient times
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00480-00127183-00127410 until the 19th century and increasing
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00481-00127411-00127608 since then at a rate corresponding to an
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00482-00127609-00127870 increase in the solar day length of 1.7
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00483-00127871-00128061 milliseconds per century see leap
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00484-00128063-00128409 seconds International atomic time time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00485-00128410-00128656 was set equal to UT 2 at the 1st of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00486-00128657-00129019 January 1958 0 hours 0 minutes and 0
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00487-00129020-00129301 seconds at that time delta T was already
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00488-00129302-00129601 about 32 point one eight seconds the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00489-00129602-00129832 difference between terrestrial time tt
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00490-00129833-00130035 the successor to ephemeris time and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00491-00130036-00130380 atomic time was later defined as follows
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00492-00130381-00130617 1977 January first
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00493-00130618-00131322 ooo 372 5t t
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00494-00131323-00132012 topic 1977 January 1.000 oooo
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00495-00132013-00132642 ty ie TT - ty
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00496-00132643-00132900 thirty two point one eight four seconds
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00497-00132901-00133056 this difference may be assumed constant
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00498-00133057-00133341 the rates of TT and ty are designed to
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00499-00133342-00133923 be identical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00500-00133924-00134518 topic notes and references
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00501-00134519-00134837 topic bibliography GM Clements on the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00502-00134838-00135032 system of astronomical constants
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00503-00135033-00135473 astronomical journal vol 53 6 1948 issue
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00504-00135474-00136220 hash 1170 PP 169 to 179 GM Clements 1971
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00505-00136221-00136445 the concept of ephemeris time Journal
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00506-00136446-00136696 for the history of astronomy volume 2
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00507-00136697-00137282 1971 PP 73 279 biggie no and PK
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00508-00137283-00137612 Seidelman 1988 time scales their history
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00509-00137613-00137864 definition and interpretation astronomy
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00510-00137865-00138257 and astrophysics vol 194 nose 1 2 2
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00511-00138258-00138799 April 1988 PP point 3 0 4 2 308 ESA a
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00512-00138800-00139169 1992 PK Seidelman edy explanatory
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00513-00139170-00139373 supplement to the astronomical Almanac
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00514-00139374-00139799 University science books CA 1992 is B
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00515-00139800-00140078 and O nine three five seven oh two six
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00516-00140079-00140507 eight seven esa e 1961 explanatory
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00517-00140508-00140729 supplement to the astronomical ephemeris
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00518-00140730-00140918 and the american ephemeris and nautical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00519-00140919-00141143 almanac prepared jointly by the nautical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00520-00141144-00141380 almanac offices of the united kingdom in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00521-00141381-00141620 the United States of America HMS Oh
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00522-00141621-00142157 London 1961 IAU resolutions 1976
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00523-00142158-00142514 resolutions adopted by the IAU in 1976
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00524-00142515-00142841 at Grenoble improved lunar ephemeris US
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00525-00142842-00143210 Government Printing Office 1954 w
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00526-00143211-00143564 Markowitz RG Hall s Edelson 1955
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00527-00143565-00143762 ephemeris time from photographic
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00528-00143763-00143957 positions of the moon astronomical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00529-00143958-00144452 journal vol 60 1955 P point 171 W
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00530-00144453-00144823 Markowitz RG Hall Ellison j VL Perry
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00531-00144824-00145127 1958 frequency of cesium in terms of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00532-00145128-00145298 ephemeris time Physical Review Letters
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00533-00145299-00145997 vol 1 1958 105 to 107 w Markowitz 1959
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00534-00145998-00146204 variations in the rotation of the earth
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00535-00146205-00146426 results obtained with the dual rate moon
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00536-00146427-00146644 camera and photographic Zenith tubes
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00537-00146645-00147191 astronomical journal vol 64 1959 PP 106
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00538-00147192-00147713 to 113 WM Markowitz 1988 comparisons of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00539-00147714-00147885 et solar eat
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00540-00147886-00148269 lunar UT and TDT in a ke Babcock and GA
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00541-00148270-00148548 Wilkins EDS the Earth's rotation and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00542-00148549-00148713 reference frames for geodesy and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00543-00148714-00149196 geophysics IAU symposia number 128 1988
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00544-00149197-00149816 PP 413 2 418 WG Melbourne JD Mulholland
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00545-00149817-00150227 WL Sjogren's FM sturms 1968 constants
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00546-00150228-00150404 and related information for astro
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00547-00150405-00150629 dynamic calculations NASA technical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00548-00150630-00150984 report 32 - 1306 Jet Propulsion
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00549-00150985-00151548 Laboratory July 15 1968 LV Morrison fr
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00550-00151549-00151869 Stevenson 2004 historical values of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00551-00151870-00152073 Earth's clock error Delta T in the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00552-00152074-00152295 calculation of eclipses Journal for the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00553-00152296-00152697 history of astronomy is SN oo - 1 8 2 8
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00554-00152698-00153451 6 volume 35 3 2004 number 120 PP 327 -
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00555-00153452-00153908 336 with addendum at volume 36 PE 3 9
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00556-00153909-00154265 Simon Newcomb 1895 tables of the Sun
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00557-00154266-00154449 tables of the motion of the earth on its
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00558-00154450-00154688 axis and around the Sun in tables of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00559-00154689-00154964 four inner planets volume 6 part 1 of
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00560-00154965-00155201 astronomical papers prepared for the use
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00561-00155202-00155394 of the American ephemeris and nautical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00562-00155395-00155879 almanac 1895 at pages 1 2 169 w de
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00563-00155880-00156200 sitter 1927 on the secular accelerations
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00564-00156201-00156393 and the fluctuations of the longitudes
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00565-00156394-00156590 of the Moon the Sun Mercury and Venus
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00566-00156591-00157075 full astron inst netherlands volume 4
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00567-00157076-00157565 1927 pages 21 to 30 8h spencer-jones
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00568-00157566-00157719 the rotation of the earth and the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00569-00157720-00157944 secular accelerations of the Sun Moon
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00570-00157945-00158136 and planets in monthly notes of the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00571-00158137-00158523 Royal Astronomical Society vol 99 1939
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00572-00158524-00159128 PP 541 to 558 a.m. Standish time scales
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00573-00159129-00159462 in the JPL and CFA F emeritus astronomy
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00574-00159463-00160125 and astrophysics vol 336 1998 381 to 384
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00575-00160126-00160524 Fr Stephenson LV Morrison 1984 long-term
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00576-00160525-00160785 changes in the rotation of the earth 700
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00577-00160786-00161148 BC to AD 1980 Royal Society discussion
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00578-00161149-00161264 on rotation in the
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00579-00161265-00161551 solar system London England March 8 9
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00580-00161552-00161903 1984 Royal Society London Philosophical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00581-00161904-00162239 Transactions series a ISS and oo eight
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00582-00162240-00162708 oh four six one four volume 313 1984
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00583-00162709-00163298 hash 1524 PP 47 270 our Stevenson LV
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00584-00163299-00163640 Morrison 1995 long term fluctuations in
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00585-00163641-00164012 the Earth's rotation 700 BC to AD 1990
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00586-00164013-00164268 Royal Society London Philosophical
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00587-00164269-00164600 Transactions series a ISS and oo eight
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00588-00164601-00165096 oh four six one four volume 351 1995
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00589-00165097-00165749 hash 1695 pp 165 to 202 GM r Winkler and
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00590-00165750-00166108 TC van Flandern 1977 ephemeris time
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00591-00166109-00166356 relativity and the problem of uniform
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00592-00166357-00166559 time in astronomy astronomical journal
Mjnjj6kPj-M-00593-00166560-00167322 volume 82 January 1977 PP 84 to 92
MlNYtsnB_uo-00000-00005171-00005444 ashin omnibus religious symbol Java
MlNYtsnB_uo-00001-00005445-00005762 Congress Catherine she's a chav
MlNYtsnB_uo-00002-00005763-00006923 levitation champion to Morocco
MlNYtsnB_uo-00003-00006923-00007127 now Solomon Medici representant of
MlNYtsnB_uo-00004-00007128-00007384 yellow fear mommy represent antinomian
MlNYtsnB_uo-00005-00007386-00007585 Arakawa corporate CEO key business to
MlNYtsnB_uo-00006-00007586-00007763 support of Anna got fat stuff not for
MlNYtsnB_uo-00007-00007764-00007952 skin capital mama pyramid malodorous
MlNYtsnB_uo-00008-00007953-00008201 Radian phenomena G discuss actor
MlNYtsnB_uo-00009-00008202-00008369 abandoned Isha you Troezen Experian was
MlNYtsnB_uo-00010-00008370-00008417 the tiger
MlNYtsnB_uo-00011-00008418-00008963 so check ahead of the drawbridge if the
MlNYtsnB_uo-00012-00008964-00009107 first thing is obviously get the right
MlNYtsnB_uo-00013-00009108-00009377 people on the boat you try and find the
MlNYtsnB_uo-00014-00009378-00009581 undervalue telling the talent that
MlNYtsnB_uo-00015-00009582-00009755 everybody else is overlooked once you
MlNYtsnB_uo-00016-00009756-00009908 bring them in you gotta create an
MlNYtsnB_uo-00017-00009909-00010124 opportunity for them to practice to
MlNYtsnB_uo-00018-00010125-00010285 learn from you know having role models
MlNYtsnB_uo-00019-00010286-00010489 in the company to inspire them and
MlNYtsnB_uo-00020-00010490-00010826 that's a cocktail of things that you
MlNYtsnB_uo-00021-00010827-00011123 gotta put together to build a gold miner
MlNYtsnB_uo-00022-00011124-00011777 talent
MlNYtsnB_uo-00023-00011778-00012103 we insist Britannia Yankees possible a
MlNYtsnB_uo-00024-00012104-00012371 disability service cooperative to them
MlNYtsnB_uo-00025-00012372-00012549 to get them stolen missions you call on
MlNYtsnB_uo-00026-00012550-00012774 your alert geeks that
MlNYtsnB_uo-00027-00012775-00013263 Etha in world where you have all these
MlNYtsnB_uo-00028-00013263-00013533 generations people have very very
MlNYtsnB_uo-00029-00013534-00013794 different expectations and the companies
MlNYtsnB_uo-00030-00013794-00014130 today that really win and are able to
MlNYtsnB_uo-00031-00014131-00014400 successfully perform now and in the
MlNYtsnB_uo-00032-00014401-00014441 future
MlNYtsnB_uo-00033-00014443-00014691 on no longer the companies who have
MlNYtsnB_uo-00034-00014691-00014925 three year and five-year plans and
MlNYtsnB_uo-00035-00014926-00015188 taymiyah plans but they the companies
MlNYtsnB_uo-00036-00015190-00015469 who can quickly switch and take
MlNYtsnB_uo-00037-00015470-00015800 advantage of the changes they're the
MlNYtsnB_uo-00038-00015801-00017297 companies who learn very quickly
MlNYtsnB_uo-00039-00017298-00017530 it might seem obvious that in business
MlNYtsnB_uo-00040-00017531-00017788 you need mathematicians because business
MlNYtsnB_uo-00041-00017789-00017986 is often about making money and Finance
MlNYtsnB_uo-00042-00017987-00018225 is all about numbers but in my talk
MlNYtsnB_uo-00043-00018226-00018490 today I wanted to explain why actually
MlNYtsnB_uo-00044-00018491-00018682 mathematics is much more than just about
MlNYtsnB_uo-00045-00018683-00019867 numbers
MlNYtsnB_uo-00046-00019868-00020150 and when I say employee commitment I'm
MlNYtsnB_uo-00047-00020151-00020432 really defining that a few ways the
MlNYtsnB_uo-00048-00020433-00020741 first is do benefits really help in
MlNYtsnB_uo-00049-00020742-00021056 attracting and retaining employees the
MlNYtsnB_uo-00050-00021057-00021341 second is does it help do benefits help
MlNYtsnB_uo-00051-00021342-00021566 with the productivity and the engagement
MlNYtsnB_uo-00052-00021567-00021890 of employees and last but not least
MlNYtsnB_uo-00053-00021891-00022172 where do health and financial wellness
MlNYtsnB_uo-00055-00029866-00030507 a la cabina results our richer II must
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MlNYtsnB_uo-00057-00030688-00030902 reproductive nothing has to face
MlNYtsnB_uo-00058-00030904-00031475 together
MlNYtsnB_uo-00059-00031476-00031883 Estella's platypus a man scheme
MlNYtsnB_uo-00060-00031885-00033821 soprano Rabinowitz l'chayim
MlNYtsnB_uo-00061-00033822-00034028 for the camera visitor pleasure although
MlNYtsnB_uo-00062-00034029-00034328 in with pyramid sabotage she will become
MlNYtsnB_uo-00063-00034329-00034472 be known as him but this way ago
MlNYtsnB_uo-00064-00034473-00035716 tomorrow since the pyramid
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MlNYtsnB_uo-00066-00036003-00036314 relaxing - Vinny and the Viet solution
MlNYtsnB_uo-00067-00036315-00038090 together know-how
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MlNYtsnB_uo-00069-00038263-00038679 or catches even a salami the public
MlNYtsnB_uo-00070-00038680-00039030 network to our village
MlNYtsnB_uo-00071-00039031-00039309 savages labyrinth of censorship
MlNYtsnB_uo-00073-00049934-00050237 Bob Gibson Eugene Allen who can't leave
MlNYtsnB_uo-00074-00050238-00050743 the frat say yes me a nice efficient
MlNYtsnB_uo-00075-00050744-00051071 powerful yet they seek me a thick solid
MlNYtsnB_uo-00076-00051072-00051283 fish machete Tom machine is an
MlNYtsnB_uo-00077-00051284-00051577 ooey-gooey cheese out Kentucky Michigan
MlNYtsnB_uo-00078-00051578-00051827 esophagus which if she didn't say I
MlNYtsnB_uo-00079-00051828-00052088 accused on a street on sweet onions are
MlNYtsnB_uo-00080-00052089-00052319 us
Mn8ja6R20xk-00000-00000046-00000329 robot software is the set of coded
Mn8ja6R20xk-00001-00000330-00000518 commands or instructions that tell a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00002-00000519-00000767 mechanical device and electronic system
Mn8ja6R20xk-00003-00000768-00001033 known together as a robot what tasks to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00004-00001034-00001345 perform robot software is used to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00005-00001346-00001684 perform autonomous tasks many software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00006-00001685-00001859 systems and frameworks have been
Mn8ja6R20xk-00007-00001860-00002057 proposed to make programming robots
Mn8ja6R20xk-00008-00002058-00002434 easier some robot software aims at
Mn8ja6R20xk-00009-00002435-00002635 developing intelligent mechanical
Mn8ja6R20xk-00010-00002636-00002926 devices common tasks include feedback
Mn8ja6R20xk-00011-00002927-00003208 loops control path finding data
Mn8ja6R20xk-00012-00003209-00003959 filtering locating and sharing data
Mn8ja6R20xk-00013-00003960-00004536 topic introduction
Mn8ja6R20xk-00014-00004537-00004809 while it is a specific type of software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00015-00004810-00005088 it is still quite diverse each
Mn8ja6R20xk-00016-00005089-00005317 manufacturer has their own robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00017-00005318-00005652 software while the vast majority of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00018-00005653-00005886 software is about manipulation of data
Mn8ja6R20xk-00019-00005887-00006129 and seeing the result on screen robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00020-00006130-00006339 software is for the manipulation of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00021-00006340-00007059 objects or tools in the real world
Mn8ja6R20xk-00022-00007061-00007563 topic industrial robot software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00023-00007564-00007771 you
Mn8ja6R20xk-00024-00007772-00008084 software for industrial robots consists
Mn8ja6R20xk-00025-00008084-00008255 of data objects and lists of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00026-00008256-00008516 instructions known as program flow list
Mn8ja6R20xk-00027-00008517-00008971 of instructions for example go to jig
Mn8ja6R20xk-00028-00008972-00009316 one is an instruction to the robot to go
Mn8ja6R20xk-00029-00009317-00009592 to positional data named jig one of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00030-00009593-00009833 course programs can also contain
Mn8ja6R20xk-00031-00009834-00010228 implicit data for example tell axis one
Mn8ja6R20xk-00032-00010229-00010619 move 30 degrees data and program usually
Mn8ja6R20xk-00033-00010620-00010883 reside in separate sections of the robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00034-00010884-00011185 controller memory one can change the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00035-00011186-00011392 data without changing the program and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00036-00011393-00011716 vice versa for example one can write a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00037-00011717-00011963 different program using the same jig one
Mn8ja6R20xk-00038-00011964-00012176 or one can adjust the position of jig
Mn8ja6R20xk-00039-00012177-00012380 one without changing the programs that
Mn8ja6R20xk-00040-00012381-00012946 use it
Mn8ja6R20xk-00041-00012947-00013315 topic examples of programming languages
Mn8ja6R20xk-00042-00013316-00013861 for industrial robots
Mn8ja6R20xk-00043-00013862-00014140 due to the highly proprietary nature of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00044-00014141-00014416 robot software most manufacturers of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00045-00014416-00014644 robot hardware also provide their own
Mn8ja6R20xk-00046-00014644-00014977 software while this is not unusual in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00047-00014978-00015222 other automated control systems the lack
Mn8ja6R20xk-00048-00015223-00015424 of standardization of programming
Mn8ja6R20xk-00049-00015425-00015640 methods for robots dispose certain
Mn8ja6R20xk-00050-00015641-00015958 challenges for example there are over
Mn8ja6R20xk-00051-00015959-00016141 thirty different manufacturers of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00052-00016141-00016366 industrial robots so there are also
Mn8ja6R20xk-00053-00016366-00016569 thirty different robot programming
Mn8ja6R20xk-00054-00016570-00016852 languages required there are enough
Mn8ja6R20xk-00055-00016853-00017038 similarities between the different
Mn8ja6R20xk-00056-00017039-00017230 robots that it is possible to gain a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00057-00017231-00017443 broad-based understanding of robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00058-00017444-00017643 programming without having to learn each
Mn8ja6R20xk-00059-00017644-00017922 manufacturers proprietary language one
Mn8ja6R20xk-00060-00017923-00018108 method of controlling robots from
Mn8ja6R20xk-00061-00018109-00018346 multiple manufacturers is to use a post
Mn8ja6R20xk-00062-00018347-00018571 processor and offline programming
Mn8ja6R20xk-00063-00018572-00018933 robotics software with this method it is
Mn8ja6R20xk-00064-00018934-00019203 possible to handle brand specific robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00065-00019204-00019425 programming language from a universal
Mn8ja6R20xk-00066-00019426-00019627 programming language such as Python
Mn8ja6R20xk-00067-00019628-00019915 programming language however compiling
Mn8ja6R20xk-00068-00019916-00020149 and uploading fixed offline code to a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00069-00020150-00020337 robot controller doesn't allow the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00070-00020338-00020599 robotic system to be state aware so it
Mn8ja6R20xk-00071-00020600-00020830 cannot adapt its motion and recover as
Mn8ja6R20xk-00072-00020831-00021124 the environment changes unified
Mn8ja6R20xk-00073-00021125-00021381 real-time adaptive control for any robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00074-00021382-00021609 is currently only possible with actin
Mn8ja6R20xk-00075-00021610-00021828 some examples of published robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00076-00021829-00022103 programming languages are shown below
Mn8ja6R20xk-00077-00022104-00022543 tasks in plain English move to p1 a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00078-00022544-00022936 general safe position move to p2 and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00079-00022937-00023397 approach to p3 move to p3 a position to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00080-00023398-00023801 pick the object close gripper
Mn8ja6R20xk-00081-00023802-00024173 move to p4 an approach to p5
Mn8ja6R20xk-00082-00024174-00024434 move to p5 a position to place the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00083-00024435-00024776 object open gripper
Mn8ja6R20xk-00084-00024777-00025169 move to p1 and finish Val was one of the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00085-00025170-00025415 first robot languages and was used in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00086-00025416-00025775 unum 8 robots variants eval have been
Mn8ja6R20xk-00087-00025776-00026008 used by other manufacturers including
Mn8ja6R20xk-00088-00026010-00026360 adept technology stop Lee currently used
Mn8ja6R20xk-00089-00026361-00026920 3 Vatican liras example program program
Mn8ja6R20xk-00090-00026922-00027956 P IC k PL AC e1 move p1 to move P 2 3
Mn8ja6R20xk-00091-00027957-00029141 move P 3 4 CL OS di 0.005 move P 4 6
Mn8ja6R20xk-00092-00029142-00030232 move p57 ope and I is 0.008 move p1
Mn8ja6R20xk-00093-00030233-00030615 and example of stop we three Vatican
Mn8ja6R20xk-00094-00030616-00030957 liras program begin
Mn8ja6R20xk-00095-00030958-00031485 move a p1t gripper manam speed move a a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00096-00031486-00031937 pro p3 trap ro t gripper manam speed
Mn8ja6R20xk-00097-00031938-00032523 movel p3t gripper manam speed close T
Mn8ja6R20xk-00098-00032524-00032994 gripper move a a pro p5 trap Rho T
Mn8ja6R20xk-00099-00032995-00033486 gripper manam speed móvil p5t gripper
Mn8ja6R20xk-00100-00033487-00033689 manam speed
Mn8ja6R20xk-00101-00033690-00034202 open T gripper move a p1t gripper manam
Mn8ja6R20xk-00102-00034203-00034636 speed and trap row as Cartesian
Mn8ja6R20xk-00103-00034637-00034958 transformation variable if we use in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00104-00034959-00035171 with a pro command we do not need to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00105-00035172-00035449 teach P tool and P for point but we
Mn8ja6R20xk-00106-00035450-00035671 dynamically transform an approach to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00107-00035672-00035843 position of pick and place for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00108-00035844-00036236 trajectory generation Epson rc+
Mn8ja6R20xk-00109-00036237-00036602 example for a vacuum pickup function
Mn8ja6R20xk-00110-00036603-00037396 pick place jump p1 jump P to jump p3 on
Mn8ja6R20xk-00111-00037397-00038102 vacuum weight point one jump P for jump
Mn8ja6R20xk-00112-00038103-00038300 p5
Mn8ja6R20xk-00113-00038301-00039041 vacuum weight point one jump p1 then r
Mn8ja6R20xk-00114-00039042-00039593 OB o fo r th a language based on 4th p
Mn8ja6R20xk-00115-00039594-00040484 IC k PL AC e p1 p3 grip withdraw p5 u +
Mn8ja6R20xk-00116-00040485-00041069 gr IP withdraw p1 with robo 4th you can
Mn8ja6R20xk-00117-00041070-00041333 specify approach positions for places so
Mn8ja6R20xk-00118-00041334-00041738 you do not need p2 and p4 clearly the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00119-00041739-00041957 robot should not continue the next move
Mn8ja6R20xk-00120-00041958-00042256 until the gripper is completely closed
Mn8ja6R20xk-00121-00042257-00042509 conformation or allowed time as implicit
Mn8ja6R20xk-00122-00042510-00042821 in the above examples of CL OS CI and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00123-00042822-00043316 grip whereas the unvaccinated aspecto
Mn8ja6R20xk-00124-00043317-00043893 suction
Mn8ja6R20xk-00125-00043894-00044956 topic other robot programming languages
Mn8ja6R20xk-00126-00044957-00045600 topic visual programming language
Mn8ja6R20xk-00127-00045601-00045930 the Lego Mindstorms ev3 programming
Mn8ja6R20xk-00128-00045931-00046131 language as a simple language for its
Mn8ja6R20xk-00129-00046132-00046467 users to interact with it is a graphical
Mn8ja6R20xk-00130-00046468-00046742 user interface gwei written with LabVIEW
Mn8ja6R20xk-00131-00046743-00046992 the approach is to start with the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00132-00046993-00047271 program rather than the data the program
Mn8ja6R20xk-00133-00047272-00047532 is constructed by dragging icons into
Mn8ja6R20xk-00134-00047533-00047784 the program area and adding or inserting
Mn8ja6R20xk-00135-00047785-00048105 into the sequence for each icon you then
Mn8ja6R20xk-00136-00048106-00048390 specify the parameters data for example
Mn8ja6R20xk-00137-00048391-00048672 for the motor drive icon you specify
Mn8ja6R20xk-00138-00048673-00048896 which motors and by how much they move
Mn8ja6R20xk-00139-00048897-00049140 when the program is written it is
Mn8ja6R20xk-00140-00049141-00049403 downloaded into the Lego NXT brick
Mn8ja6R20xk-00141-00049404-00050080 microcontroller for test
Mn8ja6R20xk-00142-00050081-00050685 topic scripting languages
Mn8ja6R20xk-00143-00050686-00050892 a scripting language as a high-level
Mn8ja6R20xk-00144-00050893-00051114 programming language that is used to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00145-00051115-00051354 control the software application and is
Mn8ja6R20xk-00146-00051354-00051672 interpreted in real-time or translated
Mn8ja6R20xk-00147-00051673-00051762 on-the-fly
Mn8ja6R20xk-00148-00051763-00052049 instead of being compiled in advance a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00149-00052050-00052239 scripting language may be a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00150-00052240-00052482 general-purpose programming language or
Mn8ja6R20xk-00151-00052483-00052713 it may be limited to specific functions
Mn8ja6R20xk-00152-00052714-00052869 used to augment the running of an
Mn8ja6R20xk-00153-00052870-00053180 application or system program some
Mn8ja6R20xk-00154-00053182-00053451 scripting languages such as Robo logics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00155-00053452-00053712 have data objects residing in registers
Mn8ja6R20xk-00156-00053713-00053946 and the program flow represents the list
Mn8ja6R20xk-00157-00053947-00054189 of instructions or instruction set that
Mn8ja6R20xk-00158-00054190-00054549 is used to program the robot programming
Mn8ja6R20xk-00159-00054550-00054755 languages are generally designed for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00160-00054757-00054939 building data structures and algorithms
Mn8ja6R20xk-00161-00054940-00055212 from scratch while scripting languages
Mn8ja6R20xk-00162-00055213-00055398 are intended more for connecting or
Mn8ja6R20xk-00163-00055399-00055632 gluing components and instructions
Mn8ja6R20xk-00164-00055633-00055944 together consequently the scripting
Mn8ja6R20xk-00165-00055945-00056172 language instruction set is usually a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00166-00056173-00056391 streamlined list of program commands
Mn8ja6R20xk-00167-00056391-00056535 that are used to simplify the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00168-00056536-00056775 programming process and provide rapid
Mn8ja6R20xk-00169-00056776-00057089 application development
Mn8ja6R20xk-00170-00057090-00057341 topic parallel languages another
Mn8ja6R20xk-00171-00057341-00057572 interesting approaches worthy of mention
Mn8ja6R20xk-00172-00057573-00057817 all robotic applications need
Mn8ja6R20xk-00173-00057819-00058096 parallelism and event based programming
Mn8ja6R20xk-00174-00058097-00058366 parallelism as where the robot does two
Mn8ja6R20xk-00175-00058367-00058649 or more things at the same time this
Mn8ja6R20xk-00176-00058650-00058867 requires appropriate hardware and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00177-00058869-00059182 software most programming languages rely
Mn8ja6R20xk-00178-00059183-00059416 on threads or complex abstraction
Mn8ja6R20xk-00179-00059417-00059641 classes to handle parallelism and the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00180-00059642-00059834 complexity that comes with it like
Mn8ja6R20xk-00181-00059835-00060112 concurrent access to shared resources
Mn8ja6R20xk-00182-00060113-00060362 Irby provides a higher level of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00183-00060363-00060601 abstraction by integrating parallelism
Mn8ja6R20xk-00184-00060602-00060800 and events in the core of the language
Mn8ja6R20xk-00185-00060801-00060913 semantics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00186-00060914-00061274 whenever faced dot visible head Panvel
Mn8ja6R20xk-00187-00061275-00061661 plus equals camera x fov asterisk face x
Mn8ja6R20xk-00188-00061662-00062060 and head tilt eval + equals camera y fov
Mn8ja6R20xk-00189-00062061-00062354 asterisk face y the above code will move
Mn8ja6R20xk-00190-00062354-00062549 the head pan and head tilt motors in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00191-00062550-00062759 parallel to make the robot head follow
Mn8ja6R20xk-00192-00062760-00062951 the human face visible on the video
Mn8ja6R20xk-00193-00062952-00063221 taken by its camera whenever a face is
Mn8ja6R20xk-00194-00063222-00063850 seen by the robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00195-00063851-00064348 topic robot application software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00196-00064349-00064555 you
Mn8ja6R20xk-00197-00064557-00064821 regardless which language is used the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00198-00064822-00065049 end result of robot software is to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00199-00065050-00065304 create robotic applications that help or
Mn8ja6R20xk-00200-00065304-00065634 entertain people applications include
Mn8ja6R20xk-00201-00065635-00065889 command and control and tasking software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00202-00065890-00066162 command and control software includes
Mn8ja6R20xk-00203-00066163-00066474 robot control GU ice for teleoperated
Mn8ja6R20xk-00204-00066475-00066756 robots point-and-click commands software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00205-00066757-00067002 for autonomous robots and scheduling
Mn8ja6R20xk-00206-00067003-00067313 software for mobile robots in factories
Mn8ja6R20xk-00207-00067314-00067572 tasking software includes simple
Mn8ja6R20xk-00208-00067573-00067815 drag-and-drop interfaces for setting up
Mn8ja6R20xk-00209-00067816-00068079 delivery routes security patrols and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00210-00068080-00068334 visitor tours it also includes custom
Mn8ja6R20xk-00211-00068335-00068544 programs written to deploy specific
Mn8ja6R20xk-00212-00068545-00068871 applications general-purpose robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00213-00068872-00069081 applications software is deployed on
Mn8ja6R20xk-00214-00069082-00069856 widely distributed robotic platforms
Mn8ja6R20xk-00215-00069857-00070507 topic safety considerations
Mn8ja6R20xk-00216-00070508-00070763 programming errors represent a serious
Mn8ja6R20xk-00217-00070764-00071027 safety consideration particularly in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00218-00071028-00071372 large industrial robots the power and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00219-00071373-00071612 size of industrial robots mean they are
Mn8ja6R20xk-00220-00071613-00071849 capable of inflicting severe injury if
Mn8ja6R20xk-00221-00071850-00072059 programmed incorrectly are used in an
Mn8ja6R20xk-00222-00072060-00072356 unsafe manner due to the mass and high
Mn8ja6R20xk-00223-00072357-00072629 speeds of industrial robots it is always
Mn8ja6R20xk-00224-00072630-00072848 unsafe for a human to remain in the work
Mn8ja6R20xk-00225-00072849-00073070 area of the robot during automatic
Mn8ja6R20xk-00226-00073071-00073406 operation the system can begin motion at
Mn8ja6R20xk-00227-00073407-00073619 unexpected times and a human will be
Mn8ja6R20xk-00228-00073620-00073838 unable to react quickly enough in many
Mn8ja6R20xk-00229-00073839-00074119 situations even if prepared to do so
Mn8ja6R20xk-00230-00074120-00074414 thus even if the software is free of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00231-00074415-00074645 programming errors great care must be
Mn8ja6R20xk-00232-00074646-00074888 taken to make an industrial robot safe
Mn8ja6R20xk-00233-00074889-00075128 for human workers or human interaction
Mn8ja6R20xk-00234-00075129-00075350 such as loading or unloading parts
Mn8ja6R20xk-00235-00075351-00075596 clearing a part jam or performing
Mn8ja6R20xk-00236-00075597-00076061 maintenance the ANSI RER 15 point zero 6
Mn8ja6R20xk-00237-00076062-00076514 - 1999 American national standard for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00238-00076515-00076754 industrial robots and robot systems
Mn8ja6R20xk-00239-00076755-00077131 safety requirements revision of an CR ER
Mn8ja6R20xk-00240-00077132-00077669 15.0 6 - 1992 book from the robotic
Mn8ja6R20xk-00241-00077670-00077918 Industries Association is the accepted
Mn8ja6R20xk-00242-00077919-00078248 standard on robot safety this includes
Mn8ja6R20xk-00243-00078249-00078440 guidelines for both the design of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00244-00078441-00078710 industrial robots and the implementation
Mn8ja6R20xk-00245-00078711-00078932 or integration and use of industrial
Mn8ja6R20xk-00246-00078933-00079214 robots on the factory floor numerous
Mn8ja6R20xk-00247-00079215-00079433 safety concepts such as safety
Mn8ja6R20xk-00248-00079434-00079709 controllers maximum speed during a teach
Mn8ja6R20xk-00249-00079710-00079946 mode and use of physical barriers are
Mn8ja6R20xk-00250-00079947-00080148 covered
Mn8ja6R20xk-00251-00080149-00080454 topic robotics software projects the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00252-00080455-00080669 following is a list of open source and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00253-00080670-00080966 free software for robotics projects
Mn8ja6R20xk-00254-00080967-00081263 clarity coupled layer architecture for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00255-00081264-00081536 robotic autonomy it is a collaborative
Mn8ja6R20xk-00256-00081537-00081834 effort among four institutions NASA Jet
Mn8ja6R20xk-00257-00081835-00082073 Propulsion Laboratory NASA Ames Research
Mn8ja6R20xk-00258-00082074-00082307 Center Carnegie Mellon and the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00259-00082308-00082613 University of Minnesota D life free open
Mn8ja6R20xk-00260-00082614-00082925 source java library for robotics AI and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00261-00082926-00083294 vision supports pioneer Khepera two and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00262-00083295-00083559 two commissioned I Bo and Finch robots
Mn8ja6R20xk-00263-00083560-00083887 as well as player stage simulations
Mn8ja6R20xk-00264-00083888-00084125 experimental robotics framework a
Mn8ja6R20xk-00265-00084126-00084341 software for making experiments with
Mn8ja6R20xk-00266-00084342-00084632 multiple robots in 3d with support for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00267-00084633-00084857 the latest technologies that sits on top
Mn8ja6R20xk-00268-00084858-00085232 of player stage and open CV Murray
Mn8ja6R20xk-00269-00085233-00085457 mobile and autonomous robotics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00270-00085458-00085688 integration environment is a free
Mn8ja6R20xk-00271-00085689-00085886 software using a component based
Mn8ja6R20xk-00272-00085887-00086109 approach to build robotic software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00273-00086110-00086324 systems by integrating previously
Mn8ja6R20xk-00274-00086325-00086621 existing and new software components
Mn8ja6R20xk-00275-00086622-00086940 Microsoft Microsoft robotics developer
Mn8ja6R20xk-00276-00086941-00087228 studio open rdk an open-source software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00277-00087229-00087476 framework for robotics for developing
Mn8ja6R20xk-00278-00087477-00087785 loosely coupled modules it provides
Mn8ja6R20xk-00279-00087786-00088010 transparent concurrency management
Mn8ja6R20xk-00280-00088011-00088280 inter-process via sockets and intra
Mn8ja6R20xk-00281-00088281-00088521 process via shared memory blackboard
Mn8ja6R20xk-00282-00088522-00088722 based communication and a linking
Mn8ja6R20xk-00283-00088723-00088892 technique that allows for input/output
Mn8ja6R20xk-00284-00088893-00089224 data ports conceptual system design
Mn8ja6R20xk-00285-00089225-00089510 modules for connecting to simulators and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00286-00089511-00089819 generic robot drivers are provided open
Mn8ja6R20xk-00287-00089820-00090188 RT MA ist a software platform developed
Mn8ja6R20xk-00288-00090189-00090390 on the basis of the RT middleware
Mn8ja6R20xk-00289-00090391-00090696 standard it is developed by national
Mn8ja6R20xk-00290-00090697-00090950 institute of advanced industrial science
Mn8ja6R20xk-00291-00090951-00091382 and technology in Japan Oh ro cos the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00292-00091383-00091643 open robot control software project
Mn8ja6R20xk-00293-00091644-00091878 provides a free software toolkit for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00294-00091879-00092093 real-time robot arm and machine tool
Mn8ja6R20xk-00295-00092094-00092462 control o pros open platform robotic
Mn8ja6R20xk-00296-00092463-00092715 services as an open source project for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00297-00092716-00093026 robot development it provides a solution
Mn8ja6R20xk-00298-00093027-00093278 including robot platform and gray
Mn8ja6R20xk-00299-00093279-00093486 developing tools with the source code of
Mn8ja6R20xk-00300-00093487-00093528 RO
Mn8ja6R20xk-00301-00093529-00093879 but device components rowboat a robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00302-00093880-00094092 development kit platform to simulate
Mn8ja6R20xk-00303-00094093-00094431 industrial robots rowboat allows you to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00304-00094432-00094680 program any robot using Python and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00305-00094681-00094949 handles brand specific syntax depending
Mn8ja6R20xk-00306-00094950-00095235 on your robot controller robotics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00307-00095236-00095535 library as an open-source C++ library
Mn8ja6R20xk-00308-00095536-00095776 covering kinematics planning
Mn8ja6R20xk-00309-00095777-00096038 visualization and hardware drivers for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00310-00096039-00096390 several robots robotics toolbox for
Mn8ja6R20xk-00311-00096391-00096591 matlab this is free software that
Mn8ja6R20xk-00312-00096592-00096834 provides functionality for representing
Mn8ja6R20xk-00313-00096835-00097143 pose homogeneous transformations Euler
Mn8ja6R20xk-00314-00097144-00097497 and rpy angles quaternions arm robots
Mn8ja6R20xk-00315-00097498-00097700 forward inverse kinematics and dynamics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00316-00097701-00098073 and mobile robots control localization
Mn8ja6R20xk-00317-00098074-00098493 and planning Rossum project GW Lukas
Mn8ja6R20xk-00318-00098494-00098799 open source robotics project player
Mn8ja6R20xk-00319-00098800-00099078 stage project a very popular free
Mn8ja6R20xk-00320-00099079-00099344 software robot interface and simulation
Mn8ja6R20xk-00321-00099345-00099597 system used for robotics research in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00322-00099598-00099975 teaching worldwide pyro Python robotics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00323-00099976-00100254 popular robotics free software used in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00324-00100255-00100582 universities and colleges Robo mind
Mn8ja6R20xk-00325-00100583-00100844 occasionally where to learn the basics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00326-00100845-00101144 of robotics and programming robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00327-00101145-00101438 operating system robot operating system
Mn8ja6R20xk-00328-00101439-00101661 as an open source platform for robot
Mn8ja6R20xk-00329-00101662-00102023 programming using Python and C++ Java
Mn8ja6R20xk-00330-00102024-00102348 Lisp Lua and Faro are supported but
Mn8ja6R20xk-00331-00102349-00102750 still in experimental stage
Mn8ja6R20xk-00332-00102751-00103314 robot intelligence colonel
Mn8ja6R20xk-00333-00103315-00103915 topic offline programming
Mn8ja6R20xk-00334-00103916-00104188 visual components as a commercial 3d
Mn8ja6R20xk-00335-00104189-00104469 discrete-event simulation software that
Mn8ja6R20xk-00336-00104470-00104698 enables material flow and robotics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00337-00104699-00104995 simulation on one platform the
Mn8ja6R20xk-00338-00104996-00105193 functionality can be extended with
Mn8ja6R20xk-00339-00105194-00105505 offline programming capabilities and PLC
Mn8ja6R20xk-00340-00105506-00105996 connectivity the basics robot software
Mn8ja6R20xk-00341-00105997-00106402 Seattle robotics society mobile
Mn8ja6R20xk-00342-00106403-00106843 autonomous robot software Mars Georgia
Mn8ja6R20xk-00343-00106844-00107289 Tech Research Corporation tech database
Mn8ja6R20xk-00344-00107290-00107748 robot SPAWAR Navy dot mil
Mn8ja6R20xk-00345-00107749-00108011 adaptive robotics software at the Idaho
Mn8ja6R20xk-00346-00108013-00108585 National Laboratory
Mn8ja6R20xk-00347-00108586-00109163 topic online control
Mn8ja6R20xk-00348-00109164-00109424 energy technologies develops and sells
Mn8ja6R20xk-00349-00109425-00109700 the Acton SDK which is a robotics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00350-00109701-00109925 toolkit optimization engine and
Mn8ja6R20xk-00351-00109926-00110147 constraint management system written in
Mn8ja6R20xk-00352-00110148-00110465 C++ that uses Jacobian based kinematics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00353-00110466-00110696 to optimize performance over all types
Mn8ja6R20xk-00354-00110697-00111101 of robots since Acton is sold as an SDK
Mn8ja6R20xk-00355-00111102-00111334 it can be white labeled or omed into
Mn8ja6R20xk-00356-00111335-00111601 other robot control software packages
Mn8ja6R20xk-00357-00111602-00111875 this approach allows users to develop
Mn8ja6R20xk-00358-00111876-00112129 control of an own system in an offline
Mn8ja6R20xk-00359-00112130-00112340 mode through a Quay and then let Acton
Mn8ja6R20xk-00360-00112341-00112565 handle the high level online control to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00361-00112566-00112799 stream constantly updated joint level
Mn8ja6R20xk-00362-00112800-00113035 commands to the robot controller in real
Mn8ja6R20xk-00363-00113036-00113288 time to avoid collisions by adapting to
Mn8ja6R20xk-00364-00113289-00113992 sensed environmental changes
Mn8ja6R20xk-00365-00113993-00114561 topic see also
Mn8ja6R20xk-00366-00114563-00114838 behavior-based robotics and subsumption
Mn8ja6R20xk-00367-00114839-00115306 architecture developmental robotics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00368-00115307-00115682 epigenetic robotics evolutionary
Mn8ja6R20xk-00369-00115683-00116168 robotics industrial robot cognitive
Mn8ja6R20xk-00370-00116169-00116758 robotics robot control Robo logics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00371-00116758-00117082 automated planning and scheduling
Mn8ja6R20xk-00372-00117083-00117299 cybernetics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00373-00117300-00117718 artificial intelligence robotics suite
Mn8ja6R20xk-00374-00117719-00118153 teller robotics telepresence robotic
Mn8ja6R20xk-00375-00118154-00118486 automation software swarm robotics
Mn8ja6R20xk-00376-00118488-00118786 platforms
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N0k6BQ5Sok4-00002-00003992-00004454 no no no no no no no no no no no no no
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N0k6BQ5Sok4-00012-00021440-00021648 you
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N0LpXBF93-I-00080-00294450-00296513 all right
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N0LpXBF93-I-00093-00323814-00326704 all right
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N225fwWv6Go-00000-00000024-00000295 so without further ado i'm very pleased
N225fwWv6Go-00001-00000296-00000503 now to give the floor to
N225fwWv6Go-00002-00000504-00000790 professor olivier the shooter who is the
N225fwWv6Go-00003-00000791-00001031 united nations special rapporteur on
N225fwWv6Go-00004-00001032-00001262 human rights and poverty
N225fwWv6Go-00005-00001263-00001335 so
N225fwWv6Go-00006-00001336-00001687 the floor is yours olivia welcome
N225fwWv6Go-00007-00001688-00001959 many thanks uh excellencies
N225fwWv6Go-00008-00001960-00002215 my very dear friend martin karum it's a
N225fwWv6Go-00009-00002216-00002463 great pleasure to be with you on this
N225fwWv6Go-00010-00002464-00002775 panel uh which is co-convened by the
N225fwWv6Go-00011-00002776-00003110 the raul waldenberg institute the
N225fwWv6Go-00012-00003111-00003238 office of the high commissioner of human
N225fwWv6Go-00013-00003239-00003511 rights and the organizers of the
N225fwWv6Go-00014-00003511-00003767 world human rights cities forum
N225fwWv6Go-00015-00003768-00003990 let me be very clear i believe cities
N225fwWv6Go-00016-00003992-00004167 and local governments have a crucial
N225fwWv6Go-00017-00004168-00004463 role to play in implementing economic
N225fwWv6Go-00018-00004464-00004638 and social rights the rights to housing
N225fwWv6Go-00019-00004639-00004975 to food to health or to education
N225fwWv6Go-00020-00004976-00005167 in most countries indeed it is at
N225fwWv6Go-00021-00005168-00005454 municipal level with municipal budgets
N225fwWv6Go-00022-00005455-00005670 that social housing projects can develop
N225fwWv6Go-00023-00005671-00005934 that land zoning ordinances are adopted
N225fwWv6Go-00024-00005935-00006167 allowing to improve linkages between
N225fwWv6Go-00025-00006168-00006510 cities and their rural hinterland
N225fwWv6Go-00026-00006511-00006767 that hospitals and health care centers
N225fwWv6Go-00027-00006768-00007014 are established and indeed that schools
N225fwWv6Go-00028-00007015-00007255 are set up and teachers are paid
N225fwWv6Go-00029-00007256-00007439 moreover it is often at the local level
N225fwWv6Go-00030-00007440-00007703 that social protection is delivered to
N225fwWv6Go-00031-00007704-00007983 the local population and finally certain
N225fwWv6Go-00032-00007984-00008278 municipalities have been providing a
N225fwWv6Go-00033-00008279-00008567 space for experimenting with innovative
N225fwWv6Go-00034-00008568-00008814 tools to protect economic and social
N225fwWv6Go-00035-00008815-00009191 rights for example in france since 2016
N225fwWv6Go-00036-00009192-00009406 a number of municipalities have
N225fwWv6Go-00037-00009407-00009671 developed the idea of
N225fwWv6Go-00038-00009672-00009887 territories without long-term
N225fwWv6Go-00039-00009888-00010110 unemployment providing long-term
N225fwWv6Go-00040-00010111-00010367 unemployed people with access to jobs
N225fwWv6Go-00041-00010368-00010599 created by undertakings especially
N225fwWv6Go-00042-00010600-00010799 established to provide employment
N225fwWv6Go-00043-00010800-00011063 opportunities and providing services to
N225fwWv6Go-00044-00011064-00011383 the population in the care economy or to
N225fwWv6Go-00045-00011384-00011478 green
N225fwWv6Go-00046-00011479-00011670 the economy or
N225fwWv6Go-00047-00011671-00011863 or launch
N225fwWv6Go-00048-00011864-00012151 environmentally sound projects
N225fwWv6Go-00049-00012152-00012351 the agility of cities their ability to
N225fwWv6Go-00050-00012352-00012574 respond swiftly and effectively to
N225fwWv6Go-00051-00012575-00012774 potential human rights crisis
N225fwWv6Go-00052-00012775-00012991 was particularly visible during the
N225fwWv6Go-00053-00012991-00013175 covet 19 pandemic
N225fwWv6Go-00054-00013176-00013430 for instance some cities have sought to
N225fwWv6Go-00055-00013431-00013671 better protect undocumented migrant
N225fwWv6Go-00056-00013672-00013911 residents who have suffered particularly
N225fwWv6Go-00057-00013912-00014111 during the lockdown period and the
N225fwWv6Go-00058-00014112-00014375 aftermath of the health crisis in many
N225fwWv6Go-00059-00014376-00014511 contexts
N225fwWv6Go-00060-00014512-00014886 in tunisia for example the city of sfux
N225fwWv6Go-00061-00014887-00015094 launched a campaign to identify the
N225fwWv6Go-00062-00015095-00015358 needs of migrant residents and find ways
N225fwWv6Go-00063-00015359-00015655 to distribute solidarity food baskets or
N225fwWv6Go-00064-00015656-00015886 food vouchers to sustain their basic
N225fwWv6Go-00065-00015887-00016207 needs during the lockdown and up to 1
N225fwWv6Go-00066-00016208-00016527 200 benefited from these donations
N225fwWv6Go-00067-00016528-00016815 coordinated by the municipality together
N225fwWv6Go-00068-00016816-00016999 with the international organization for
N225fwWv6Go-00069-00017000-00017167 migration
N225fwWv6Go-00070-00017168-00017367 many municipalities during the crisis
N225fwWv6Go-00071-00017368-00017550 provided food to the population or
N225fwWv6Go-00072-00017551-00017703 provided relief
N225fwWv6Go-00073-00017704-00017919 to allow residents to play their to pay
N225fwWv6Go-00074-00017920-00018191 their rents during the crisis
N225fwWv6Go-00075-00018192-00018391 the government of montevideo in uruguay
N225fwWv6Go-00076-00018392-00018511 distributed
N225fwWv6Go-00077-00018512-00018783 10 000 solidarity baskets for vulnerable
N225fwWv6Go-00078-00018784-00018958 households including food and medical
N225fwWv6Go-00079-00018959-00019086 utilities
N225fwWv6Go-00080-00019087-00019263 in birmingham
N225fwWv6Go-00081-00019264-00019639 7 000 food parcels were provided to
N225fwWv6Go-00082-00019640-00019886 vulnerable residents in cascais in
N225fwWv6Go-00083-00019887-00020022 portugal
N225fwWv6Go-00084-00020023-00020239 a solidarity system was developed
N225fwWv6Go-00085-00020240-00020558 allowing to distribute food parcels to
N225fwWv6Go-00086-00020559-00020694 residents
N225fwWv6Go-00087-00020695-00020903 particularly attend particular attention
N225fwWv6Go-00088-00020904-00021230 went also to older residents during the
N225fwWv6Go-00089-00021231-00021343 crisis
N225fwWv6Go-00090-00021344-00021494 mexico city
N225fwWv6Go-00091-00021495-00021735 ensured these populations access to food
N225fwWv6Go-00092-00021736-00021855 and medicines
N225fwWv6Go-00093-00021856-00022207 by delivering it directly to their homes
N225fwWv6Go-00094-00022208-00022463 in a similar vein in italy
N225fwWv6Go-00095-00022464-00022775 bologna launched the programs of piano
N225fwWv6Go-00096-00022776-00023014 mice and lunione
N225fwWv6Go-00097-00023015-00023286 falas pesa union to the to do the
N225fwWv6Go-00098-00023287-00023399 groceries
N225fwWv6Go-00099-00023400-00023583 to monitor the situation of senior
N225fwWv6Go-00100-00023584-00023686 residents
N225fwWv6Go-00101-00023687-00023919 via phone call and establishing home
N225fwWv6Go-00102-00023920-00024175 delivery of food supplies and
N225fwWv6Go-00103-00024176-00024430 pharmaceutical products
N225fwWv6Go-00104-00024431-00024542 going to
N225fwWv6Go-00105-00024543-00024711 senior residents to people with
N225fwWv6Go-00106-00024712-00024935 disabilities to people with chronic
N225fwWv6Go-00107-00024936-00025071 diseases
N225fwWv6Go-00108-00025072-00025286 these services were activated thanks to
N225fwWv6Go-00109-00025287-00025455 a protocol between the municipality of
N225fwWv6Go-00110-00025456-00025734 bologna and local civil society
N225fwWv6Go-00111-00025735-00026046 organizations in argentina buenos aires
N225fwWv6Go-00112-00026047-00026246 fostered the creation of a network
N225fwWv6Go-00113-00026247-00026583 mayors cuidados taking care of senior
N225fwWv6Go-00114-00026583-00026718 citizens
N225fwWv6Go-00115-00026719-00026990 where local residents helped monitor the
N225fwWv6Go-00116-00026991-00027143 situation of
N225fwWv6Go-00117-00027144-00027414 older persons and offered them with
N225fwWv6Go-00118-00027416-00027607 various kinds of support during the
N225fwWv6Go-00119-00027608-00027767 lockdown
N225fwWv6Go-00120-00027768-00027974 in order to protect the right to housing
N225fwWv6Go-00121-00027975-00028151 and prevent the risk of people falling
N225fwWv6Go-00122-00028152-00028399 into poverty as a result of a loss of
N225fwWv6Go-00123-00028400-00028487 income
N225fwWv6Go-00124-00028488-00028799 measures were taken for example by the
N225fwWv6Go-00125-00028800-00029007 municipal council of washington dc in
N225fwWv6Go-00126-00029008-00029327 the u.s who passed a relief bill
N225fwWv6Go-00127-00029327-00029543 allowing to defer mortgage and rent
N225fwWv6Go-00128-00029544-00029662 payments
N225fwWv6Go-00129-00029663-00029846 prohibiting the implementation of rent
N225fwWv6Go-00130-00029847-00030070 increases during the emergency and
N225fwWv6Go-00131-00030072-00030295 allowing tenants who risked being
N225fwWv6Go-00132-00030295-00030551 vacated from their houses to remain in
N225fwWv6Go-00133-00030552-00030902 their units until the emergency was over
N225fwWv6Go-00134-00030903-00031143 and we have examples in montevideo and
N225fwWv6Go-00135-00031144-00031495 bogota in paris and london to a similar
N225fwWv6Go-00136-00031495-00031607 effect
N225fwWv6Go-00137-00031608-00031823 now municipal policies in these areas i
N225fwWv6Go-00138-00031824-00032118 believe would be further strengthened if
N225fwWv6Go-00139-00032119-00032302 grounded in the normative framework of
N225fwWv6Go-00140-00032303-00032462 human rights
N225fwWv6Go-00141-00032463-00032687 and if benefits to be provided
N225fwWv6Go-00142-00032688-00032959 were defined as legal entitlements that
N225fwWv6Go-00143-00032960-00033135 beneficiaries can claim
N225fwWv6Go-00144-00033136-00033399 before independent bodies
N225fwWv6Go-00145-00033400-00033543 this would mean four things first it
N225fwWv6Go-00146-00033544-00033815 would mean a clear definition of both
N225fwWv6Go-00147-00033816-00034095 beneficiaries and the entitlements in
N225fwWv6Go-00148-00034096-00034190 question
N225fwWv6Go-00149-00034191-00034390 secondly it would mean accessible
N225fwWv6Go-00150-00034391-00034559 information to beneficiaries about their
N225fwWv6Go-00151-00034560-00034687 rights
N225fwWv6Go-00152-00034688-00035007 including by reaching out to the most
N225fwWv6Go-00153-00035008-00035190 marginalized populations people in
N225fwWv6Go-00154-00035191-00035407 informal settlements homeless people
N225fwWv6Go-00155-00035408-00035623 including street children people without
N225fwWv6Go-00156-00035624-00035846 internet access for example
N225fwWv6Go-00157-00035847-00036135 thirdly it would mean effective access
N225fwWv6Go-00158-00036136-00036367 to locally established independent
N225fwWv6Go-00159-00036368-00036479 bodies
N225fwWv6Go-00160-00036480-00036751 where claims to benefits are rejected
N225fwWv6Go-00161-00036752-00036918 fourth and finally it would mean
N225fwWv6Go-00162-00036919-00037174 protection from corruption bribery the
N225fwWv6Go-00163-00037175-00037351 protection of whistleblowers for example
N225fwWv6Go-00164-00037352-00037559 and from discrimination including
N225fwWv6Go-00165-00037560-00037711 discrimination on grounds of social
N225fwWv6Go-00166-00037712-00037943 economic disadvantage
N225fwWv6Go-00167-00037944-00038127 what difference would this make
N225fwWv6Go-00168-00038128-00038359 well first of all it would transform the
N225fwWv6Go-00169-00038360-00038662 relationship between service providers
N225fwWv6Go-00170-00038663-00038855 and users and thus improve
N225fwWv6Go-00171-00038856-00038999 accountability
N225fwWv6Go-00172-00039000-00039174 a rights-based approach
N225fwWv6Go-00173-00039175-00039399 would reduce the risks of discrimination
N225fwWv6Go-00174-00039400-00039623 of corruption in the delivery of goods
N225fwWv6Go-00175-00039624-00039823 and services essential to lead a decent
N225fwWv6Go-00176-00039824-00039935 life
N225fwWv6Go-00177-00039936-00040143 it would reduce the rates of non-take-up
N225fwWv6Go-00178-00040144-00040295 of benefits
N225fwWv6Go-00179-00040296-00040502 which often stem from the fear or the
N225fwWv6Go-00180-00040503-00040639 shame
N225fwWv6Go-00181-00040640-00040767 of users
N225fwWv6Go-00182-00040768-00040990 who do not want to be stigmatized as
N225fwWv6Go-00183-00040991-00041271 depending on public charity indeed
N225fwWv6Go-00184-00041272-00041558 estimates of non-take-up of minimum
N225fwWv6Go-00185-00041559-00041743 income benefits in european countries
N225fwWv6Go-00186-00041744-00042118 for 2016 were approximately between 50
N225fwWv6Go-00187-00042119-00042279 and 80 percent
N225fwWv6Go-00188-00042280-00042502 and in oecd countries non-take-up of
N225fwWv6Go-00189-00042503-00042839 benefits was 40 to 80 in the case of
N225fwWv6Go-00190-00042840-00043118 social assistance and housing programs
N225fwWv6Go-00191-00043119-00043318 and 60 to 80
N225fwWv6Go-00192-00043319-00043655 for unemployment compensation
N225fwWv6Go-00193-00043656-00043879 secondly a rights-based approach would
N225fwWv6Go-00194-00043880-00044087 ensure that the services provided are
N225fwWv6Go-00195-00044088-00044199 adequate
N225fwWv6Go-00196-00044200-00044615 in other terms of acceptable quality
N225fwWv6Go-00197-00044616-00044830 the risk otherwise is as once noted by
N225fwWv6Go-00198-00044831-00045055 richard titmus that services for the
N225fwWv6Go-00199-00045056-00045335 poor are poor services
N225fwWv6Go-00200-00045336-00045551 where delivery is top down without
N225fwWv6Go-00201-00045552-00045807 accountability municipalities and local
N225fwWv6Go-00202-00045808-00046046 service providers may be tempted to tick
N225fwWv6Go-00203-00046047-00046167 the boxes
N225fwWv6Go-00204-00046168-00046358 seeking to reach certain quantitative
N225fwWv6Go-00205-00046359-00046471 targets
N225fwWv6Go-00206-00046472-00046671 number of beds in shelters for women
N225fwWv6Go-00207-00046672-00046911 victims of domestic violence number of
N225fwWv6Go-00208-00046912-00047151 low-income families receiving food aid
N225fwWv6Go-00209-00047152-00047343 percentage of children finishing high
N225fwWv6Go-00210-00047344-00047439 school
N225fwWv6Go-00211-00047440-00047646 but this can be at the expense of the
N225fwWv6Go-00212-00047647-00047902 quality or adequacy of the service
N225fwWv6Go-00213-00047903-00048158 provided in part because it is very
N225fwWv6Go-00214-00048159-00048390 difficult to monitor to measure
N225fwWv6Go-00215-00048391-00048711 objectively such quality creating
N225fwWv6Go-00216-00048712-00048958 accountability schemes could reduce that
N225fwWv6Go-00217-00048959-00049046 risk
N225fwWv6Go-00218-00049047-00049190 for example by allowing women to
N225fwWv6Go-00219-00049191-00049446 complain about the poor equipment in the
N225fwWv6Go-00220-00049447-00049558 shelters
N225fwWv6Go-00221-00049559-00049799 to allow families to denounce the
N225fwWv6Go-00222-00049800-00050030 quality of the food rations they receive
N225fwWv6Go-00223-00050031-00050318 or by allowing parents to complain about
N225fwWv6Go-00224-00050319-00050679 the teacher's repeated absenteeism
N225fwWv6Go-00225-00050680-00050862 ensuring adequacy in the provision of
N225fwWv6Go-00226-00050863-00051151 services would be strongly encouraged by
N225fwWv6Go-00227-00051152-00051342 establishing various forms of
N225fwWv6Go-00228-00051344-00051607 participation of the public or the end
N225fwWv6Go-00229-00051608-00051711 users
N225fwWv6Go-00230-00051712-00051911 in the design implementation and
N225fwWv6Go-00231-00051912-00052119 evaluation of services
N225fwWv6Go-00232-00052120-00052302 and local collectivities are much better
N225fwWv6Go-00233-00052303-00052542 equipped to ensure such direct
N225fwWv6Go-00234-00052544-00052847 participation than would be possible at
N225fwWv6Go-00235-00052848-00053047 higher levels of governance
N225fwWv6Go-00236-00053048-00053199 i was very impressed for example in
N225fwWv6Go-00237-00053200-00053582 canada by the toronto first duty project
N225fwWv6Go-00238-00053583-00053871 launched in five localities in support
N225fwWv6Go-00239-00053872-00054150 of early childhood education
N225fwWv6Go-00240-00054151-00054382 one component of this project was to
N225fwWv6Go-00241-00054383-00054607 improve the involvement of parents
N225fwWv6Go-00242-00054608-00054775 in their child's education by giving
N225fwWv6Go-00243-00054776-00055054 parents an opportunity to participate in
N225fwWv6Go-00244-00055055-00055138 several
N225fwWv6Go-00245-00055139-00055382 extracurricular activities and this
N225fwWv6Go-00246-00055383-00055591 resulted in parents interacting with
N225fwWv6Go-00247-00055591-00055879 school officials and in minority groups
N225fwWv6Go-00248-00055879-00056126 being much more present in their child's
N225fwWv6Go-00249-00056127-00056303 education
N225fwWv6Go-00250-00056304-00056511 third and finally a rights-based
N225fwWv6Go-00251-00056512-00056759 approach to delivery of public services
N225fwWv6Go-00252-00056760-00057023 in areas such as health education or
N225fwWv6Go-00253-00057024-00057126 housing
N225fwWv6Go-00254-00057127-00057335 also ensures that affirmative action
N225fwWv6Go-00255-00057336-00057463 will be taken
N225fwWv6Go-00256-00057464-00057719 to ensure low-income households will be
N225fwWv6Go-00257-00057720-00057982 prioritized in the form of targeted
N225fwWv6Go-00258-00057983-00058254 universalism that should contribute to
N225fwWv6Go-00259-00058255-00058519 reducing inequalities in brazil for
N225fwWv6Go-00260-00058520-00058759 example the city rio where the vast
N225fwWv6Go-00261-00058760-00058959 majority of basic education schools are
N225fwWv6Go-00262-00058960-00059263 managed by the city municipality
N225fwWv6Go-00263-00059264-00059454 proposed under the leadership of
N225fwWv6Go-00264-00059455-00059654 secretary of education claudia costine
N225fwWv6Go-00265-00059655-00060111 in 2014 2016 to reform schools located
N225fwWv6Go-00266-00060112-00060566 in disadvantaged areas by providing
N225fwWv6Go-00267-00060567-00060806 those schools better equipment and
N225fwWv6Go-00268-00060807-00061015 allowing better access to quality
N225fwWv6Go-00269-00061016-00061199 education for children in these
N225fwWv6Go-00270-00061200-00061511 neighborhoods now for all these reasons
N225fwWv6Go-00271-00061512-00061726 i'm convinced that cities should lead
N225fwWv6Go-00272-00061727-00061942 the objective of achieving the full
N225fwWv6Go-00273-00061944-00062103 realization of economic and social
N225fwWv6Go-00274-00062104-00062191 rights
N225fwWv6Go-00275-00062191-00062375 and they have a major contribution to
N225fwWv6Go-00276-00062376-00062615 make to the fight against poverty and
N225fwWv6Go-00277-00062616-00062791 social exclusion
N225fwWv6Go-00278-00062791-00063006 i strongly believe a human rights-based
N225fwWv6Go-00279-00063007-00063159 approach can help
N225fwWv6Go-00280-00063160-00063366 based on the guarantees of legal
N225fwWv6Go-00281-00063367-00063654 entitlements of accountability and of
N225fwWv6Go-00282-00063655-00063935 participation i would like to thank you
N225fwWv6Go-00283-00063936-00064150 very warmly for being part of this
N225fwWv6Go-00284-00064151-00064548 movement thank you
N2kqzyRVkRc-00000-00000019-00000052 [Music]
N2kqzyRVkRc-00001-00000053-00000098 foreign
N2kqzyRVkRc-00002-00000099-00002056 [Music]
N2kqzyRVkRc-00003-00002057-00003935 [Music]
N2kqzyRVkRc-00004-00003936-00005369 foreign
N2kqzyRVkRc-00005-00005370-00005954 [Music]
N2kqzyRVkRc-00006-00005955-00006631 [Music]
N2kqzyRVkRc-00007-00006633-00007419 [Music]
N2kqzyRVkRc-00008-00007420-00008113 [Music]
N2kqzyRVkRc-00009-00008114-00008682 she can stay the weekend
N2kqzyRVkRc-00010-00008683-00009831 [Music]
N4Uv1kH3clU-00000-00000472-00001550 [Music]
N4Uv1kH3clU-00001-00001551-00001782 hello and welcome everyone
N4Uv1kH3clU-00002-00001784-00001982 thank you for joining us for today's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00003-00001984-00002110 event
N4Uv1kH3clU-00004-00002111-00002359 my name is elana tahan and i'm the lead
N4Uv1kH3clU-00005-00002360-00002558 curator of hebrew and christian orient
N4Uv1kH3clU-00006-00002559-00002639 collections
N4Uv1kH3clU-00007-00002640-00002950 at the british library in association
N4Uv1kH3clU-00008-00002951-00003102 with our partners
N4Uv1kH3clU-00009-00003103-00003438 jewish book week we are presenting today
N4Uv1kH3clU-00010-00003439-00003822 a panel exploring the presence of jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-00011-00003823-00003879 people
N4Uv1kH3clU-00012-00003879-00004206 in england during the medieval period
N4Uv1kH3clU-00013-00004207-00004422 this is one from a program of events
N4Uv1kH3clU-00014-00004423-00004647 supporting our exhibition
N4Uv1kH3clU-00015-00004648-00004911 hebrew manuscripts journeys of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00016-00004912-00005070 written word
N4Uv1kH3clU-00017-00005071-00005375 this exhibition provides a snapshot of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00018-00005376-00005559 the range and richness
N4Uv1kH3clU-00019-00005560-00005767 of hebrew manuscripts in the british
N4Uv1kH3clU-00020-00005768-00005934 libraries collection
N4Uv1kH3clU-00021-00005935-00006127 and reveals the power of the written
N4Uv1kH3clU-00022-00006128-00006470 word to bring people together
N4Uv1kH3clU-00023-00006472-00006719 just a little housekeeping before we get
N4Uv1kH3clU-00024-00006720-00006878 started
N4Uv1kH3clU-00025-00006879-00007063 if you have any questions during the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00026-00007064-00007351 event you can submit them using the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00027-00007352-00007598 question box below
N4Uv1kH3clU-00028-00007600-00007823 a selection of questions will be
N4Uv1kH3clU-00029-00007823-00007998 presented to the panel
N4Uv1kH3clU-00030-00008000-00008310 towards the end of the event
N4Uv1kH3clU-00031-00008311-00008591 use the menu above to provide us with
N4Uv1kH3clU-00032-00008592-00008678 feedback
N4Uv1kH3clU-00033-00008679-00008959 about the event and also to donate to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00034-00008960-00009167 the british library
N4Uv1kH3clU-00035-00009168-00009455 the british library is a charity your
N4Uv1kH3clU-00036-00009456-00009559 support
N4Uv1kH3clU-00037-00009560-00009855 helps us open up a world of knowledge
N4Uv1kH3clU-00038-00009856-00010006 and inspiration
N4Uv1kH3clU-00039-00010007-00010414 for everyone you'll find social media
N4Uv1kH3clU-00040-00010415-00010519 links
N4Uv1kH3clU-00041-00010520-00010823 below this video in case you want to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00042-00010824-00011038 continue the conversation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00043-00011039-00011406 on other platforms you can also find
N4Uv1kH3clU-00044-00011407-00011735 out more about this event and read short
N4Uv1kH3clU-00045-00011736-00012095 biographies of our speakers
N4Uv1kH3clU-00046-00012096-00012342 today's panel features professor
N4Uv1kH3clU-00047-00012343-00012535 nicholas vincent
N4Uv1kH3clU-00048-00012536-00012902 and professor anna sapir abulafia
N4Uv1kH3clU-00049-00012903-00013238 and it is chair by dominic selwood
N4Uv1kH3clU-00050-00013240-00013591 dominic is a historian barrister
N4Uv1kH3clU-00051-00013591-00013935 author and journalist he writes on
N4Uv1kH3clU-00052-00013936-00014175 history for the daily telegraph
N4Uv1kH3clU-00053-00014176-00014503 the independent the spectacular and the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00054-00014504-00014894 range of other papers and periodicals
N4Uv1kH3clU-00055-00014895-00015166 now ladies and gentlemen without further
N4Uv1kH3clU-00056-00015168-00015247 ado
N4Uv1kH3clU-00057-00015247-00015903 we'll turn the time over to dominic
N4Uv1kH3clU-00058-00015904-00016103 the experience of jews in medieval
N4Uv1kH3clU-00059-00016104-00016215 europe was mixed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00060-00016216-00016519 and tragically often not a happy one
N4Uv1kH3clU-00061-00016520-00016679 regularly viewed as responsible for
N4Uv1kH3clU-00062-00016680-00016855 rejecting and killing christ
N4Uv1kH3clU-00063-00016856-00016983 they were frequently blamed when
N4Uv1kH3clU-00064-00016984-00017183 disaster struck either for causing it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00065-00017184-00017271 maliciously
N4Uv1kH3clU-00066-00017272-00017447 or for provoking god to anger and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00067-00017448-00017639 retribution
N4Uv1kH3clU-00068-00017640-00017799 the first jewish communities came to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00069-00017800-00017983 england at the invitation of william the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00070-00017984-00018071 conqueror
N4Uv1kH3clU-00071-00018072-00018279 they settled in key cities where they
N4Uv1kH3clU-00072-00018280-00018430 were prominent as merchants and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00073-00018431-00018535 financiers
N4Uv1kH3clU-00074-00018536-00018847 but in 1290 edward the first crusader
N4Uv1kH3clU-00075-00018848-00018886 king
N4Uv1kH3clU-00076-00018887-00019094 who had campaigned in the holy land
N4Uv1kH3clU-00077-00019095-00019319 expelled all jews from his kingdom
N4Uv1kH3clU-00078-00019320-00019486 and there was to be no return until the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00079-00019487-00019683 time of oliver cromwell four centuries
N4Uv1kH3clU-00080-00019684-00019847 later
N4Uv1kH3clU-00081-00019848-00020094 the legacy of the 220 year jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-00082-00020095-00020167 presence
N4Uv1kH3clU-00083-00020168-00020350 from william to edward is still all
N4Uv1kH3clU-00084-00020351-00020519 around us in street names
N4Uv1kH3clU-00085-00020520-00020686 in the archaeology of synagogues and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00086-00020687-00020830 burial grounds and in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00087-00020831-00021071 mountains of records in the archives
N4Uv1kH3clU-00088-00021072-00021199 here to discuss as many
N4Uv1kH3clU-00089-00021200-00021391 aspects of this as we can are two
N4Uv1kH3clU-00090-00021392-00021599 scholars of immense learning and insight
N4Uv1kH3clU-00091-00021600-00021799 on this subject
N4Uv1kH3clU-00092-00021800-00022030 professor anna sapir abu lafia is a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00093-00022031-00022207 fellow of lady margaret hall oxford
N4Uv1kH3clU-00094-00022208-00022383 and holds the university chair in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00095-00022384-00022599 study of the abrahamic religions
N4Uv1kH3clU-00096-00022600-00022767 before oxford her journey included
N4Uv1kH3clU-00097-00022768-00022935 amsterdam and cambridge
N4Uv1kH3clU-00098-00022936-00023150 she is expert among other things in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00099-00023151-00023350 medieval christian jewish relations
N4Uv1kH3clU-00100-00023351-00023591 especially christian theological angles
N4Uv1kH3clU-00101-00023592-00023783 and is widely published in the area
N4Uv1kH3clU-00102-00023784-00024063 she's a fellow of the british academy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00103-00024064-00024207 professor nicholas vincent
N4Uv1kH3clU-00104-00024208-00024367 is professor of medieval history at the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00105-00024368-00024558 university of east anglia his journey
N4Uv1kH3clU-00106-00024559-00024799 has taken him via oxford cambridge paris
N4Uv1kH3clU-00107-00024800-00024911 and canterbury
N4Uv1kH3clU-00108-00024912-00025119 he's expert in 12th and 13th century
N4Uv1kH3clU-00109-00025120-00025271 british and european history
N4Uv1kH3clU-00110-00025272-00025414 and has published extensively on the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00111-00025415-00025599 period in books and articles
N4Uv1kH3clU-00112-00025600-00025799 with a notable specialization in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00113-00025800-00025911 legal financial
N4Uv1kH3clU-00114-00025912-00026111 and documentary aspects of plantagenet
N4Uv1kH3clU-00115-00026112-00026302 government he is also a fellow of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00116-00026304-00026479 british academy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00117-00026480-00026758 so a warm welcome to our two experts and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00118-00026760-00026943 an equally hospitable welcome to all of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00119-00026944-00026983 you
N4Uv1kH3clU-00120-00026983-00027143 who have joined this evening with a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00121-00027144-00027302 special hello to those attending
N4Uv1kH3clU-00122-00027304-00027607 from as far afield as the us and israel
N4Uv1kH3clU-00123-00027608-00027935 so to business nick can you please take
N4Uv1kH3clU-00124-00027936-00028102 us back to england at the time of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00125-00028104-00028246 william the conqueror's longships when
N4Uv1kH3clU-00126-00028247-00028495 they arrived at pevensey in 1066.
N4Uv1kH3clU-00127-00028495-00028702 can you tell us who lived here how did
N4Uv1kH3clU-00128-00028704-00028918 the blend of anglo-saxon scandinavian
N4Uv1kH3clU-00129-00028919-00029055 and norman's work
N4Uv1kH3clU-00130-00029056-00029262 how did the king in his military and the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00131-00029263-00029367 church and its priests
N4Uv1kH3clU-00132-00029368-00029574 shape life can you just parachute us
N4Uv1kH3clU-00133-00029575-00029711 back into that society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00134-00029712-00030046 and give us a flavor of it so
N4Uv1kH3clU-00135-00030047-00030295 the key point about this society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00136-00030295-00030462 anglo-saxon england
N4Uv1kH3clU-00137-00030463-00030807 1066 and all that is that it's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00138-00030808-00031214 a post-roman world a north sea world
N4Uv1kH3clU-00139-00031216-00031511 with connections to the vikings in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00140-00031512-00031646 scandinavia
N4Uv1kH3clU-00141-00031647-00031951 with connections across to normandy with
N4Uv1kH3clU-00142-00031952-00032158 to some extent connections to rome but
N4Uv1kH3clU-00143-00032160-00032446 it's a very inward looking world
N4Uv1kH3clU-00144-00032447-00032743 it's a world with settler communities
N4Uv1kH3clU-00145-00032744-00032918 merchant communities from northern
N4Uv1kH3clU-00146-00032919-00032990 europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00147-00032991-00033343 merchant communities from france
N4Uv1kH3clU-00148-00033344-00033559 it's a community that's caught in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00149-00033560-00033823 tension between the celtic world of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00150-00033824-00034071 west wales and ireland and cumbria and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00151-00034072-00034207 scotland
N4Uv1kH3clU-00152-00034208-00034439 and the germanic north from which the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00153-00034440-00034783 anglo-saxons themselves come
N4Uv1kH3clU-00154-00034784-00034974 it's a very sophisticated world
N4Uv1kH3clU-00155-00034975-00035118 established
N4Uv1kH3clU-00156-00035119-00035415 a dynasty a royal dynasty in 1066 that's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00157-00035416-00035599 been established for
N4Uv1kH3clU-00158-00035600-00035935 400 years or so which has its own laws
N4Uv1kH3clU-00159-00035936-00036143 its own language its own very rich
N4Uv1kH3clU-00160-00036144-00036343 vernacular poetry
N4Uv1kH3clU-00161-00036344-00036662 but it's a society right for conquest by
N4Uv1kH3clU-00162-00036663-00037127 william and the normans
N4Uv1kH3clU-00163-00037128-00037374 with the uh multiple cultures that are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00164-00037375-00037518 going on with as you mentioned the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00165-00037519-00037687 celtic and the germanic
N4Uv1kH3clU-00166-00037688-00037918 uh and the norman to what extent is it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00167-00037919-00038135 is it a multi-cultured society or is it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00168-00038136-00038215 a fairly
N4Uv1kH3clU-00169-00038216-00038415 uh narrow looking society how does it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00170-00038416-00038630 feel i think it depends very much on how
N4Uv1kH3clU-00171-00038631-00038743 you look at it but
N4Uv1kH3clU-00172-00038744-00039039 i mean essentially it's monocultural so
N4Uv1kH3clU-00173-00039040-00039283 it's a monocultural society of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00174-00039284-00039423 anglo-saxons
N4Uv1kH3clU-00175-00039424-00039687 speaking though and originating from a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00176-00039688-00039807 variety
N4Uv1kH3clU-00177-00039808-00040111 of of origins and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00178-00040112-00040255 all of that of course changed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00179-00040256-00040479 fundamentally in 1066 with the coming of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00180-00040480-00040630 the normans
N4Uv1kH3clU-00181-00040631-00040879 so the normans introduce a completely
N4Uv1kH3clU-00182-00040880-00041030 different element into this
N4Uv1kH3clU-00183-00041031-00041383 a a northern french viking world
N4Uv1kH3clU-00184-00041384-00041558 closely connected to the world of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00185-00041559-00041727 rhineland close to connection to the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00186-00041728-00041846 world of paris
N4Uv1kH3clU-00187-00041847-00042023 with connections that take us down to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00188-00042024-00042207 sicily and it's really
N4Uv1kH3clU-00189-00042208-00042551 that conquest of 1066 that opens up
N4Uv1kH3clU-00190-00042552-00042839 anglo-saxon society in the process of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00191-00042840-00043046 apparently destroying it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00192-00043047-00043287 so we have this extraordinary melting
N4Uv1kH3clU-00193-00043288-00043518 pot after 1066
N4Uv1kH3clU-00194-00043519-00043815 of normans in english if anyone knows
N4Uv1kH3clU-00195-00043816-00043951 that society they probably know it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00196-00043952-00043990 through
N4Uv1kH3clU-00197-00043991-00044295 walter scott still i i suspect that the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00198-00044296-00044511 the chief access for many people is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00199-00044512-00044743 still ivanhoe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00200-00044744-00045030 and the the world that ivanhoe presents
N4Uv1kH3clU-00201-00045031-00045158 much later but it's still
N4Uv1kH3clU-00202-00045159-00045335 supposed to be a description of england
N4Uv1kH3clU-00203-00045336-00045543 in the aftermath of the norman conquest
N4Uv1kH3clU-00204-00045544-00045758 of total division between the english
N4Uv1kH3clU-00205-00045759-00045871 and the normans
N4Uv1kH3clU-00206-00045872-00046111 that's a very misleading view the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00207-00046112-00046358 reality was that within really a few
N4Uv1kH3clU-00208-00046359-00046415 decades
N4Uv1kH3clU-00209-00046416-00046686 of 1066 there is a blending of english
N4Uv1kH3clU-00210-00046687-00046830 and norman cultures
N4Uv1kH3clU-00211-00046831-00047030 there's a great deal of intermarriage
N4Uv1kH3clU-00212-00047031-00047230 and there is the introduction of a whole
N4Uv1kH3clU-00213-00047231-00047479 series of rather exotic things
N4Uv1kH3clU-00214-00047480-00047815 from outside for example the normans
N4Uv1kH3clU-00215-00047816-00047871 bring
N4Uv1kH3clU-00216-00047872-00048207 faludir from sicily as a symbol of their
N4Uv1kH3clU-00217-00048208-00048318 authority
N4Uv1kH3clU-00218-00048319-00048486 as a symbol of their wealth of their
N4Uv1kH3clU-00219-00048487-00048727 cosmopolitan connections
N4Uv1kH3clU-00220-00048728-00049030 they connect the english church far more
N4Uv1kH3clU-00221-00049031-00049111 closely
N4Uv1kH3clU-00222-00049112-00049343 to the church in rome than had been the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00223-00049344-00049590 case before 1066
N4Uv1kH3clU-00224-00049591-00049871 they bring a reform style of monasticism
N4Uv1kH3clU-00225-00049872-00050095 so they deliberately reform what they
N4Uv1kH3clU-00226-00050096-00050190 claim
N4Uv1kH3clU-00227-00050191-00050558 is the unreformed corrupt church
N4Uv1kH3clU-00228-00050559-00050943 of the anglo-saxons they bring rabbits
N4Uv1kH3clU-00229-00050944-00051223 from northern europe from france the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00230-00051224-00051358 rabbit the fellow deer
N4Uv1kH3clU-00231-00051359-00051670 are both introductions by the normans
N4Uv1kH3clU-00232-00051671-00051942 so in a sense the conquest of 1066 is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00233-00051944-00052150 seen as opening up what had previously
N4Uv1kH3clU-00234-00052151-00052207 been
N4Uv1kH3clU-00235-00052208-00052447 a rather closed world of anglo-saxon
N4Uv1kH3clU-00236-00052448-00052638 culture
N4Uv1kH3clU-00237-00052639-00052935 and when we think and look back elements
N4Uv1kH3clU-00238-00052936-00053071 that loom large always
N4Uv1kH3clU-00239-00053072-00053415 are royal power and ecclesiastical power
N4Uv1kH3clU-00240-00053416-00053575 and is that real is that a sense one
N4Uv1kH3clU-00241-00053576-00053719 would have had at the time or is that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00242-00053720-00053887 just the way the documents make it look
N4Uv1kH3clU-00243-00053888-00053966 to us
N4Uv1kH3clU-00244-00053967-00054271 how how how much of an impact did did
N4Uv1kH3clU-00245-00054272-00054335 the king
N4Uv1kH3clU-00246-00054336-00054647 and the church have on daily life we are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00247-00054648-00054742 inclined to see
N4Uv1kH3clU-00248-00054744-00054911 power because power deliberately
N4Uv1kH3clU-00249-00054912-00055079 preserves itself so
N4Uv1kH3clU-00250-00055079-00055279 a large part of the documentation we
N4Uv1kH3clU-00251-00055279-00055511 have comes in one way or another
N4Uv1kH3clU-00252-00055512-00055742 from the royal authority i think the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00253-00055744-00055919 thing to say there is that england was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00254-00055920-00056071 an extremely
N4Uv1kH3clU-00255-00056072-00056399 well on an extremely over governed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00256-00056400-00056487 country
N4Uv1kH3clU-00257-00056488-00056719 compared to other realms in northern
N4Uv1kH3clU-00258-00056720-00056823 europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00259-00056824-00057038 and it was over governed because it was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00260-00057039-00057294 extremely wealthy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00261-00057295-00057511 the origin of that wealth is disputed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00262-00057512-00057663 but it probably came from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00263-00057664-00057966 wool from wool exports from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00264-00057967-00058150 the woolen industry that remained the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00265-00058151-00058287 source of english wealth throughout the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00266-00058288-00058454 late middle ages
N4Uv1kH3clU-00267-00058455-00058654 and it meant that england from long
N4Uv1kH3clU-00268-00058655-00058838 before the normans was always
N4Uv1kH3clU-00269-00058839-00059119 vulnerable to foreign conquest was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00270-00059120-00059175 always
N4Uv1kH3clU-00271-00059176-00059511 wary first and foremost the anglo-saxons
N4Uv1kH3clU-00272-00059512-00059719 themselves after the fall of rome
N4Uv1kH3clU-00273-00059720-00059894 then the arrival of the vikings and then
N4Uv1kH3clU-00274-00059895-00060111 the arrival of the normans
N4Uv1kH3clU-00275-00060112-00060326 this fear of foreign conquest and that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00276-00060327-00060463 in turn led to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00277-00060464-00060759 a degree of centralization in government
N4Uv1kH3clU-00278-00060760-00060991 a militarization of society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00279-00060991-00061223 the creation of military structures long
N4Uv1kH3clU-00280-00061224-00061423 before the normans came
N4Uv1kH3clU-00281-00061424-00061606 that meant this was a rather different
N4Uv1kH3clU-00282-00061607-00061799 place from other parts of europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00283-00061800-00062030 it was centrally governed to an extent
N4Uv1kH3clU-00284-00062032-00062271 that simply wasn't true in france
N4Uv1kH3clU-00285-00062272-00062471 that was certainly wasn't true in italy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00286-00062472-00062671 or spain or other parts of europe at
N4Uv1kH3clU-00287-00062672-00063006 this time
N4Uv1kH3clU-00288-00063007-00063199 anna it's likely that there were some
N4Uv1kH3clU-00289-00063200-00063359 jews in roman britain among the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00290-00063360-00063494 merchants in the military but the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00291-00063495-00063638 records are silent for the long
N4Uv1kH3clU-00292-00063639-00063879 anglo-saxon and scandinavia period that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00293-00063879-00064015 nick talks about
N4Uv1kH3clU-00294-00064016-00064175 during this time however there were
N4Uv1kH3clU-00295-00064176-00064454 jewish communities in continental europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00296-00064455-00064615 could you first describe for us what
N4Uv1kH3clU-00297-00064616-00064838 life was like for jews in europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00298-00064839-00065015 how did the church view them and how did
N4Uv1kH3clU-00299-00065016-00065191 that view affect their lives
N4Uv1kH3clU-00300-00065191-00065350 and second could you tell us about how
N4Uv1kH3clU-00301-00065351-00065606 the jews came to england after 1066
N4Uv1kH3clU-00302-00065607-00065791 and what made their experiences here
N4Uv1kH3clU-00303-00065792-00065967 unique
N4Uv1kH3clU-00304-00065968-00066326 right well those are very very big
N4Uv1kH3clU-00305-00066327-00066503 questions to answer
N4Uv1kH3clU-00306-00066504-00066750 i think the thing to start with and it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00307-00066751-00066935 is very important for
N4Uv1kH3clU-00308-00066936-00067199 everything we're talking about tonight
N4Uv1kH3clU-00309-00067200-00067279 is to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00310-00067280-00067679 explain that within christian theology
N4Uv1kH3clU-00311-00067680-00067999 um there was is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00312-00068000-00068367 place for jews in christian society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00313-00068368-00068623 and one might think that's obvious but
N4Uv1kH3clU-00314-00068624-00068831 it wasn't obvious at all
N4Uv1kH3clU-00315-00068832-00069126 and we really need to look very much to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00316-00069127-00069182 the work
N4Uv1kH3clU-00317-00069183-00069479 of augustine the church father who dies
N4Uv1kH3clU-00318-00069480-00069519 in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00319-00069520-00069871 4 30. now he was very much in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00320-00069872-00070143 uh influenced of course by roman law the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00321-00070144-00070215 situation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00322-00070216-00070503 in the roman empire where judaism was of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00323-00070504-00070543 course
N4Uv1kH3clU-00324-00070544-00070935 a licit religion so there is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00325-00070936-00071262 room for jews in christian society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00326-00071263-00071631 but it is conditional the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00327-00071632-00071950 room for jews the place for jews was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00328-00071951-00072071 conditional
N4Uv1kH3clU-00329-00072072-00072375 on them being deemed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00330-00072376-00072703 to be useful to christians and a way
N4Uv1kH3clU-00331-00072704-00072871 that one might talk about this
N4Uv1kH3clU-00332-00072872-00073215 is that jews had to do service
N4Uv1kH3clU-00333-00073216-00073447 they had to deserve their place in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00334-00073448-00073615 christian society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00335-00073616-00073967 for what they could offer to christians
N4Uv1kH3clU-00336-00073968-00074182 obviously all of this is seen from the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00337-00074183-00074406 christian point of view
N4Uv1kH3clU-00338-00074407-00074694 and one of the things in augustine was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00339-00074695-00074919 very important for this idea
N4Uv1kH3clU-00340-00074920-00075262 is the idea that somehow jews help
N4Uv1kH3clU-00341-00075263-00075559 christianity prove that it is the true
N4Uv1kH3clU-00342-00075560-00075671 religion
N4Uv1kH3clU-00343-00075672-00075975 how is that possible that is possible
N4Uv1kH3clU-00344-00075976-00076126 because
N4Uv1kH3clU-00345-00076127-00076455 jews carry with them using augustinian
N4Uv1kH3clU-00346-00076456-00076543 language
N4Uv1kH3clU-00347-00076544-00076759 the books of the old testament the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00348-00076760-00076894 hebrew bible
N4Uv1kH3clU-00349-00076895-00077119 in which christians find all of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00350-00077120-00077279 prophecies
N4Uv1kH3clU-00351-00077280-00077511 of the coming of christ christ's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00352-00077512-00077623 ministry
N4Uv1kH3clU-00353-00077624-00077935 and the resurrection etc etc
N4Uv1kH3clU-00354-00077936-00078279 so when christians in that early period
N4Uv1kH3clU-00355-00078280-00078423 were faced by
N4Uv1kH3clU-00356-00078424-00078615 pagans i don't like the word but let's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00357-00078616-00078743 use it for a moment
N4Uv1kH3clU-00358-00078744-00078943 and pagan said to christians you
N4Uv1kH3clU-00359-00078944-00079143 falsified the old testament
N4Uv1kH3clU-00360-00079144-00079375 you write the new testament sure of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00361-00079376-00079591 course the two texts cohere
N4Uv1kH3clU-00362-00079592-00079799 christians could say no no look at the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00363-00079800-00079967 jews they carry
N4Uv1kH3clU-00364-00079968-00080231 the books of the old testament for us
N4Uv1kH3clU-00365-00080232-00080271 it's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00366-00080272-00080582 all there so willy nilly
N4Uv1kH3clU-00367-00080583-00080887 in this medieval christian
N4Uv1kH3clU-00368-00080888-00081199 idea jews were very useful
N4Uv1kH3clU-00369-00081200-00081487 they were also useful again purely from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00370-00081488-00081679 a christian point of view
N4Uv1kH3clU-00371-00081680-00081967 they had lost their land the destruction
N4Uv1kH3clU-00372-00081968-00082062 of the temple
N4Uv1kH3clU-00373-00082063-00082399 in 70 ce um
N4Uv1kH3clU-00374-00082400-00082767 the revolts parkour revolt 135
N4Uv1kH3clU-00375-00082768-00083071 had been repressed etc etc and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00376-00083072-00083318 the argument was christian theological
N4Uv1kH3clU-00377-00083319-00083455 argument was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00378-00083456-00083775 that this showed the the fact that jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00379-00083776-00083999 no longer had a land of their own
N4Uv1kH3clU-00380-00084000-00084247 showed that they were being punished
N4Uv1kH3clU-00381-00084248-00084326 punished
N4Uv1kH3clU-00382-00084327-00084647 for not uh recognizing christ as the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00383-00084648-00084735 messiah
N4Uv1kH3clU-00384-00084736-00085062 and the son of god and finally
N4Uv1kH3clU-00385-00085063-00085326 the pauline prophecy that in the end all
N4Uv1kH3clU-00386-00085327-00085647 the gentiles and jews would convert
N4Uv1kH3clU-00387-00085648-00085871 you need jews around in order for that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00388-00085872-00085950 prophecy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00389-00085951-00086255 to take place so jews had a place in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00390-00086256-00086415 christian society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00391-00086416-00086718 and one must take this very seriously
N4Uv1kH3clU-00392-00086719-00086967 quite different for heretics they didn't
N4Uv1kH3clU-00393-00086968-00087191 have that kind of room so jews were
N4Uv1kH3clU-00394-00087192-00087582 allowed to be jews but conditional
N4Uv1kH3clU-00395-00087583-00087894 on them being deemed to be useful
N4Uv1kH3clU-00396-00087895-00088135 and the interesting thing is is how that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00397-00088136-00088311 then translates
N4Uv1kH3clU-00398-00088312-00088662 into pragmatic uh politics
N4Uv1kH3clU-00399-00088663-00089055 pragmatic social uh uh uh
N4Uv1kH3clU-00400-00089056-00089279 social relationships between christians
N4Uv1kH3clU-00401-00089280-00089375 and jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00402-00089376-00089735 so in latin mediterranean in iberia in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00403-00089736-00089855 southern france
N4Uv1kH3clU-00404-00089856-00090126 very large jewish communities very much
N4Uv1kH3clU-00405-00090127-00090206 from the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00406-00090207-00090526 uh late antiquity into the early middle
N4Uv1kH3clU-00407-00090527-00090599 ages
N4Uv1kH3clU-00408-00090600-00090823 very prosperous with all kinds of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00409-00090824-00091031 different activities
N4Uv1kH3clU-00410-00091032-00091318 younger jewish communities in germany
N4Uv1kH3clU-00411-00091319-00091350 and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00412-00091351-00091655 in france in england they come
N4Uv1kH3clU-00413-00091656-00092087 effectively with the conqueror in 1066
N4Uv1kH3clU-00414-00092088-00092350 and what is so special about the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00415-00092351-00092494 community of jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00416-00092495-00092855 in england really three things one is we
N4Uv1kH3clU-00417-00092856-00092911 have
N4Uv1kH3clU-00418-00092912-00093271 pretty much a beginning point 1066
N4Uv1kH3clU-00419-00093272-00093543 we have an end point the expulsion of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00420-00093544-00093711 1290
N4Uv1kH3clU-00421-00093712-00093911 secondly and this follows from what nick
N4Uv1kH3clU-00422-00093912-00094087 said there was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00423-00094088-00094382 far stronger royal control over these
N4Uv1kH3clU-00424-00094383-00094447 jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00425-00094448-00094815 than anywhere else in europe and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00426-00094816-00095135 thirdly they were because
N4Uv1kH3clU-00427-00095136-00095415 this is the pragmatic use the king the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00428-00095416-00095574 crown made of them
N4Uv1kH3clU-00429-00095575-00095879 they were involved especially
N4Uv1kH3clU-00430-00095880-00096231 from around the 1180s very much
N4Uv1kH3clU-00431-00096232-00096567 involved in uh money lending
N4Uv1kH3clU-00432-00096568-00096855 before much more in the uh traffic in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00433-00096856-00096894 the mer
N4Uv1kH3clU-00434-00096895-00097199 as merchants of plate of silver but
N4Uv1kH3clU-00435-00097200-00097438 through various reasons what henry did
N4Uv1kH3clU-00436-00097439-00097767 they got into that money uh
N4Uv1kH3clU-00437-00097768-00098079 market um with others they were not the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00438-00098080-00098238 only ones
N4Uv1kH3clU-00439-00098239-00098582 but because of that the material we have
N4Uv1kH3clU-00440-00098583-00098671 of the jews in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00441-00098672-00098982 england is by and large financial
N4Uv1kH3clU-00442-00098983-00099294 and that skews our view of the history
N4Uv1kH3clU-00443-00099295-00099431 of the jews of england
N4Uv1kH3clU-00444-00099432-00099631 because a lot of other things were going
N4Uv1kH3clU-00445-00099632-00099935 on than just finance
N4Uv1kH3clU-00446-00099936-00100111 thank you so there's a uniqueness in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00447-00100112-00100326 many ways a very unique
N4Uv1kH3clU-00448-00100327-00100631 situation and it's incredibly important
N4Uv1kH3clU-00449-00100632-00100935 not to extrapolate from the english
N4Uv1kH3clU-00450-00100936-00101247 uh experience to everywhere else in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00451-00101248-00101303 europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00452-00101304-00101582 we must remember different juries in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00453-00101583-00101638 europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00454-00101639-00101918 had different experiences vastly
N4Uv1kH3clU-00455-00101919-00102126 different experiences
N4Uv1kH3clU-00456-00102127-00102262 yes and we'll come on to some of those
N4Uv1kH3clU-00457-00102263-00102415 again later thank you for setting that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00458-00102416-00102518 up so well
N4Uv1kH3clU-00459-00102519-00102823 um nick medieval society was not static
N4Uv1kH3clU-00460-00102824-00103015 and each century had markedly different
N4Uv1kH3clU-00461-00103016-00103206 characteristics so in this
N4Uv1kH3clU-00462-00103207-00103518 220 years of jewish presence here
N4Uv1kH3clU-00463-00103519-00103702 there were many changes as power shifted
N4Uv1kH3clU-00464-00103703-00103871 from the normans to the angevins and the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00465-00103872-00103999 plantagenets
N4Uv1kH3clU-00466-00104000-00104182 and within this the the church thinking
N4Uv1kH3clU-00467-00104183-00104366 on society also changed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00468-00104367-00104502 i'm wondering can you tell us a little
N4Uv1kH3clU-00469-00104503-00104671 about how england's jews fitted into
N4Uv1kH3clU-00470-00104672-00104734 this
N4Uv1kH3clU-00471-00104735-00104999 shifting society of those who prayed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00472-00105000-00105166 fought and labored i mean what was their
N4Uv1kH3clU-00473-00105167-00105366 legal status as non-christians
N4Uv1kH3clU-00474-00105367-00105607 in a christian society and what tensions
N4Uv1kH3clU-00475-00105608-00105775 did that bring
N4Uv1kH3clU-00476-00105776-00105975 they're essentially there because the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00477-00105976-00106158 king wants them there
N4Uv1kH3clU-00478-00106159-00106407 or william as he came over as the duke
N4Uv1kH3clU-00479-00106408-00106486 of normandy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00480-00106488-00106734 wants them in normandy they're they are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00481-00106735-00106902 entirely dependent
N4Uv1kH3clU-00482-00106903-00107223 upon their symbiotic relationship with
N4Uv1kH3clU-00483-00107224-00107399 the crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-00484-00107400-00107734 um in everything that has said so far
N4Uv1kH3clU-00485-00107735-00108007 absolutely spot on that they're also
N4Uv1kH3clU-00486-00108008-00108078 there
N4Uv1kH3clU-00487-00108079-00108295 as a witness to the truth of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00488-00108296-00108510 christianity in the eyes of christian
N4Uv1kH3clU-00489-00108511-00108599 bishops
N4Uv1kH3clU-00490-00108600-00108878 so christian bishops led by the pope are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00491-00108879-00109095 very keen to protect the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00492-00109096-00109366 not for the jews own interest but for
N4Uv1kH3clU-00493-00109367-00109623 the interests of the church
N4Uv1kH3clU-00494-00109624-00109943 um i think also key here if we're
N4Uv1kH3clU-00495-00109944-00110158 thinking about the developing
N4Uv1kH3clU-00496-00110159-00110519 thinking of the church the period of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00497-00110520-00110847 medieval english jury is almost exactly
N4Uv1kH3clU-00498-00110848-00110990 coterminous with the period of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00499-00110991-00111119 crusades
N4Uv1kH3clU-00500-00111120-00111383 so the crusades get going in the 1090s
N4Uv1kH3clU-00501-00111383-00111447 and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00502-00111448-00111686 acre the last crusader fortress is lost
N4Uv1kH3clU-00503-00111688-00111839 in the 1290s
N4Uv1kH3clU-00504-00111840-00112119 almost exactly the same period as the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00505-00112120-00112215 jewish community
N4Uv1kH3clU-00506-00112216-00112439 in england and the crusades
N4Uv1kH3clU-00507-00112440-00112599 fundamentally altered
N4Uv1kH3clU-00508-00112600-00112831 attitudes towards those who were not
N4Uv1kH3clU-00509-00112832-00113007 actually christians within christian
N4Uv1kH3clU-00510-00113008-00113143 society
N4Uv1kH3clU-00511-00113144-00113375 so that at periods of tension
N4Uv1kH3clU-00512-00113376-00113615 particularly at periods when crusades
N4Uv1kH3clU-00513-00113616-00113758 were being organized
N4Uv1kH3clU-00514-00113759-00114095 the jews were extremely vulnerable those
N4Uv1kH3clU-00515-00114096-00114278 who couldn't go to the east
N4Uv1kH3clU-00516-00114279-00114590 to make war on the infidel in the east
N4Uv1kH3clU-00517-00114591-00114878 could do so by making warfare on the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00518-00114879-00115086 infidel as they saw it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00519-00115088-00115439 closer to home so that from the 1090s
N4Uv1kH3clU-00520-00115440-00115583 when the crusades get going from the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00521-00115583-00115854 period of the first crusade onwards
N4Uv1kH3clU-00522-00115855-00116151 periods of crusading rhetoric periods of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00523-00116152-00116327 crusading recruitment
N4Uv1kH3clU-00524-00116328-00116678 are always marked by particular tensions
N4Uv1kH3clU-00525-00116679-00116854 with the jewish community
N4Uv1kH3clU-00526-00116855-00117231 in england as elsewhere in europe
N4Uv1kH3clU-00527-00117232-00117431 so it's very strong in places like
N4Uv1kH3clU-00528-00117432-00117599 germany when the first crusade army
N4Uv1kH3clU-00529-00117600-00117775 mobilized for example
N4Uv1kH3clU-00530-00117776-00117966 how long does it take in england for
N4Uv1kH3clU-00531-00117967-00118143 similar anti-jewish feeling to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00532-00118144-00118375 to build as a result of the succession
N4Uv1kH3clU-00533-00118376-00118510 of crusades
N4Uv1kH3clU-00534-00118511-00118758 well the the first key incident there is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00535-00118759-00119007 in the 1140s which again is a period of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00536-00119008-00119102 crusading the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00537-00119103-00119295 the the period of the second crusade
N4Uv1kH3clU-00538-00119296-00119407 you're right there are appalling
N4Uv1kH3clU-00539-00119408-00119495 massacres
N4Uv1kH3clU-00540-00119496-00119799 in the 1090s in the rhineland uh
N4Uv1kH3clU-00541-00119800-00119983 at the time of the first crusade we
N4Uv1kH3clU-00542-00119983-00120110 don't actually
N4Uv1kH3clU-00543-00120111-00120327 know we don't have a date for the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00544-00120328-00120486 arrival of jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00545-00120488-00120743 in london we assume that london is the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00546-00120744-00120886 first point of call
N4Uv1kH3clU-00547-00120888-00121158 we don't have a date for that all we
N4Uv1kH3clU-00548-00121159-00121231 know is that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00549-00121232-00121439 the the jews were in england by the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00550-00121440-00121566 reign of henry the first
N4Uv1kH3clU-00551-00121567-00121831 so by the 1130s they were certainly
N4Uv1kH3clU-00552-00121832-00121927 there
N4Uv1kH3clU-00553-00121928-00122319 but in 1144 in a notorious incident
N4Uv1kH3clU-00554-00122320-00122558 accusations were made against the jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-00555-00122559-00122743 community in norwich from where i'm
N4Uv1kH3clU-00556-00122744-00122927 speaking to you today
N4Uv1kH3clU-00557-00122928-00123247 uh that uh the jews were involved in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00558-00123248-00123510 ritual crucifixion of a small christian
N4Uv1kH3clU-00559-00123511-00123607 boy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00560-00123608-00123975 a young boy named william of roughly the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00561-00123976-00124023 same
N4Uv1kH3clU-00562-00124024-00124414 age of christ in his infancy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00563-00124415-00124727 who was a member of the english speaking
N4Uv1kH3clU-00564-00124728-00124799 community
N4Uv1kH3clU-00565-00124800-00125166 in norwich and whose body was later
N4Uv1kH3clU-00566-00125167-00125207 found
N4Uv1kH3clU-00567-00125208-00125407 just up behind where this house is from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00568-00125408-00125583 which i'm speaking to you
N4Uv1kH3clU-00569-00125583-00125934 in fort wood and immediately became the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00570-00125935-00125999 focus
N4Uv1kH3clU-00571-00126000-00126175 of suspicion that the jews had
N4Uv1kH3clU-00572-00126176-00126407 deliberately murdered this boy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00573-00126408-00126814 and that's repeated in the 1190s
N4Uv1kH3clU-00574-00126815-00127102 again at the time of the third crusade
N4Uv1kH3clU-00575-00127103-00127151 there
N4Uv1kH3clU-00576-00127152-00127463 are pogroms against the jews of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00577-00127464-00127766 norwich and especially against the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00578-00127767-00128102 of lincoln the same is true
N4Uv1kH3clU-00579-00128103-00128423 in the early 13th century the same thing
N4Uv1kH3clU-00580-00128424-00128823 is repeated in the 1230s 1250s
N4Uv1kH3clU-00581-00128824-00129014 all the way through to the expulsion of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00582-00129015-00129295 the jewish community in the 1290s
N4Uv1kH3clU-00583-00129296-00129454 so these periods of crusade are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00584-00129455-00129607 particularly difficult
N4Uv1kH3clU-00585-00129608-00129966 for the jewish christian relations
N4Uv1kH3clU-00586-00129967-00130310 from the 1140s in england so that's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00587-00130311-00130407 fascinating so
N4Uv1kH3clU-00588-00130408-00130566 two things i'm taking from that are one
N4Uv1kH3clU-00589-00130567-00130790 the problems start really very soon
N4Uv1kH3clU-00590-00130791-00131047 and two they are they are persistent um
N4Uv1kH3clU-00591-00131048-00131223 throughout the period albeit there are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00592-00131224-00131527 phases of it it is nevertheless a factor
N4Uv1kH3clU-00593-00131528-00131623 of life
N4Uv1kH3clU-00594-00131624-00131799 for jews in england that these periods
N4Uv1kH3clU-00595-00131800-00131983 of hostility keep coming round
N4Uv1kH3clU-00596-00131984-00132095 predictably
N4Uv1kH3clU-00597-00132096-00132343 yes and they're mimetic so they build
N4Uv1kH3clU-00598-00132344-00132478 upon one another they
N4Uv1kH3clU-00599-00132479-00132766 imitate one another so that we for
N4Uv1kH3clU-00600-00132767-00132943 example the first incident
N4Uv1kH3clU-00601-00132944-00133199 outside norwich of this accusation of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00602-00133200-00133343 ritual murder
N4Uv1kH3clU-00603-00133344-00133663 outside nourish after 1144 is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00604-00133664-00133983 in gloucester where a boy called harold
N4Uv1kH3clU-00605-00133984-00134183 is likewise said to be a victim
N4Uv1kH3clU-00606-00134184-00134527 of jewish persecution and uh
N4Uv1kH3clU-00607-00134528-00134759 it's no coincidence that the church in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00608-00134760-00134990 the center of norwich markets and peter
N4Uv1kH3clU-00609-00134991-00135078 mancroft
N4Uv1kH3clU-00610-00135079-00135278 belongs to the monks of saint peter's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00611-00135279-00135383 gloucester
N4Uv1kH3clU-00612-00135384-00135519 so there's a direct line of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00613-00135520-00135783 communication a direct line of imitation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00614-00135784-00135878 there across
N4Uv1kH3clU-00615-00135879-00136214 these various incidents of anti-jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-00616-00136215-00136527 um violence right
N4Uv1kH3clU-00617-00136528-00136695 taking that a little further anna come
N4Uv1kH3clU-00618-00136696-00136871 can we look a little deeper into the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00619-00136872-00137071 tensions arising from the fact that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00620-00137072-00137199 england's jews were
N4Uv1kH3clU-00621-00137200-00137447 at the same time notably successful but
N4Uv1kH3clU-00622-00137448-00137502 also
N4Uv1kH3clU-00623-00137503-00137671 very vulnerable in the way nick
N4Uv1kH3clU-00624-00137672-00137887 describes uh in these pogroms
N4Uv1kH3clU-00625-00137888-00138071 uh saint william of norwich littlest and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00626-00138072-00138271 hugh of lincoln uh winchester
N4Uv1kH3clU-00627-00138272-00138447 all sorts of places this is happening
N4Uv1kH3clU-00628-00138448-00138590 but can you explain
N4Uv1kH3clU-00629-00138591-00138783 as well why and how despite their
N4Uv1kH3clU-00630-00138784-00138895 success
N4Uv1kH3clU-00631-00138896-00139135 um the jews were so consistently framed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00632-00139136-00139359 as outcasts murderers
N4Uv1kH3clU-00633-00139360-00139590 enemies of god and compare this with
N4Uv1kH3clU-00634-00139591-00139719 what what the jews are experiencing
N4Uv1kH3clU-00635-00139720-00139935 elsewhere on the continent
N4Uv1kH3clU-00636-00139936-00140390 right um yes um
N4Uv1kH3clU-00637-00140391-00140854 yes now what i find so remarkable when i
N4Uv1kH3clU-00638-00140855-00141087 look at the experience of the jews in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00639-00141088-00141214 england
N4Uv1kH3clU-00640-00141215-00141566 is how they go through bad periods
N4Uv1kH3clU-00641-00141567-00141911 but the elasticity
N4Uv1kH3clU-00642-00141912-00142199 their capacity of bouncing back and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00643-00142200-00142326 recovering
N4Uv1kH3clU-00644-00142327-00142766 from the most um terrible um
N4Uv1kH3clU-00645-00142767-00143119 well violence and one sort or another
N4Uv1kH3clU-00646-00143120-00143431 or very heavy taxing etc etc is really
N4Uv1kH3clU-00647-00143432-00143551 quite remarkable
N4Uv1kH3clU-00648-00143552-00143887 it's almost as if kind of every 20 years
N4Uv1kH3clU-00649-00143888-00144014 something bad happens
N4Uv1kH3clU-00650-00144015-00144383 and then they again recover but it isn't
N4Uv1kH3clU-00651-00144384-00144614 really important to understand this
N4Uv1kH3clU-00652-00144615-00144943 ambigu ambiguity and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00653-00144944-00145219 i would put the accent of their
N4Uv1kH3clU-00654-00145220-00145399 vulnerability
N4Uv1kH3clU-00655-00145400-00145751 back to where nick started and that was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00656-00145752-00146078 their symbiotic relationship with the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00657-00146079-00146214 crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-00658-00146215-00146583 because their protection was incredibly
N4Uv1kH3clU-00659-00146584-00146663 important
N4Uv1kH3clU-00660-00146664-00146983 for them and they could do very well out
N4Uv1kH3clU-00661-00146984-00147087 of it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00662-00147088-00147414 but it was up to the king how
N4Uv1kH3clU-00663-00147415-00147847 he dealt with the jews so let me start
N4Uv1kH3clU-00664-00147848-00148254 right in the 1180s so i said before
N4Uv1kH3clU-00665-00148255-00148471 really due to various things that henry
N4Uv1kH3clU-00666-00148472-00148671 ii did
N4Uv1kH3clU-00667-00148672-00149007 the jews were able to enter
N4Uv1kH3clU-00668-00149008-00149302 into the money lending market i'm
N4Uv1kH3clU-00669-00149303-00149519 simplifying here but some of this had
N4Uv1kH3clU-00670-00149520-00149695 been vacated by
N4Uv1kH3clU-00671-00149696-00149999 english anglo-saxon moneyers moniers
N4Uv1kH3clU-00672-00150000-00150207 and that was something that henry ii had
N4Uv1kH3clU-00673-00150208-00150311 done
N4Uv1kH3clU-00674-00150312-00150575 now what in the literature is always
N4Uv1kH3clU-00675-00150576-00150735 what people concentrate on
N4Uv1kH3clU-00676-00150736-00151023 in this period is the fabulous wealth of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00677-00151024-00151263 somebody called aaron of lincoln
N4Uv1kH3clU-00678-00151264-00151551 and somehow the image is created aaron
N4Uv1kH3clU-00679-00151552-00151711 lincoln is so wealthy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00680-00151712-00152023 every medieval jew in england is wealthy
N4Uv1kH3clU-00681-00152024-00152223 but we need to look at this much more
N4Uv1kH3clU-00682-00152224-00152366 carefully not
N4Uv1kH3clU-00683-00152367-00152599 all jews in england were wealthy there
N4Uv1kH3clU-00684-00152600-00152743 were some outliers
N4Uv1kH3clU-00685-00152744-00152926 there were a lot of people who were not
N4Uv1kH3clU-00686-00152927-00153063 wealthy at all
N4Uv1kH3clU-00687-00153064-00153478 and for me the most crucial thing to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00688-00153479-00153919 focus on is when aaron of lincoln dies
N4Uv1kH3clU-00689-00153920-00154214 who takes over that wealth it is the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00690-00154215-00154319 king
N4Uv1kH3clU-00691-00154320-00154607 it is the king so this is what we need
N4Uv1kH3clU-00692-00154608-00154719 to remember
N4Uv1kH3clU-00693-00154720-00155063 however well however
N4Uv1kH3clU-00694-00155064-00155366 um however successful
N4Uv1kH3clU-00695-00155367-00155614 the jewish community and there are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00696-00155615-00155775 different jewish communities again
N4Uv1kH3clU-00697-00155776-00155871 within within
N4Uv1kH3clU-00698-00155872-00156214 england they always depend on what will
N4Uv1kH3clU-00699-00156215-00156247 be
N4Uv1kH3clU-00700-00156248-00156623 demanded of them from the crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-00701-00156624-00156926 now if you're looking at a community
N4Uv1kH3clU-00702-00156927-00157295 that is useful to the crown because
N4Uv1kH3clU-00703-00157296-00157599 of tallages and taxation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00704-00157600-00158023 on the uh uh on on the profits made from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00705-00158024-00158151 money landing
N4Uv1kH3clU-00706-00158152-00158454 you can easily see that when the crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-00707-00158455-00158735 puts more pressure on the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00708-00158736-00159039 the jews have to put more pressure on
N4Uv1kH3clU-00709-00159040-00159254 the people who are borrowing money from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00710-00159255-00159311 them
N4Uv1kH3clU-00711-00159312-00159559 so in many ways one could almost say
N4Uv1kH3clU-00712-00159560-00159683 that the crown is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00713-00159684-00159935 exercising some kind of indirect
N4Uv1kH3clU-00714-00159936-00160054 taxation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00715-00160055-00160375 of christian subjects but who carries
N4Uv1kH3clU-00716-00160376-00160447 the blame
N4Uv1kH3clU-00717-00160448-00160711 for this extra pressure it is of course
N4Uv1kH3clU-00718-00160712-00160823 the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00719-00160824-00161087 so what we must remember the position of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00720-00161088-00161254 the jews in england
N4Uv1kH3clU-00721-00161255-00161526 pragmatic they serve the king they're
N4Uv1kH3clU-00722-00161527-00161631 useful
N4Uv1kH3clU-00723-00161632-00161951 but in serving the king they might not
N4Uv1kH3clU-00724-00161952-00162263 be seen by the king's christian subjects
N4Uv1kH3clU-00725-00162264-00162566 to be serving them and i think that is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00726-00162567-00162607 where
N4Uv1kH3clU-00727-00162608-00162926 much of this ambiguity comes from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00728-00162927-00163278 i would be a little bit more
N4Uv1kH3clU-00729-00163279-00163599 uh cautious in focusing
N4Uv1kH3clU-00730-00163600-00163871 on the ritual murder accusations and the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00731-00163872-00164071 reason i say that is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00732-00164072-00164399 that yes it is absolutely true that it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00733-00164400-00164438 is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00734-00164439-00164751 in england that we have the first
N4Uv1kH3clU-00735-00164752-00165095 full literary account of a ritual murder
N4Uv1kH3clU-00736-00165096-00165183 accusation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00737-00165184-00165414 and as nick says that is the little
N4Uv1kH3clU-00738-00165415-00165551 william of norwich
N4Uv1kH3clU-00739-00165552-00165887 and it is a horrible text to read
N4Uv1kH3clU-00740-00165888-00166183 what i am always thinking of is so
N4Uv1kH3clU-00741-00166184-00166311 important
N4Uv1kH3clU-00742-00166312-00166647 on account of that accusation there was
N4Uv1kH3clU-00743-00166648-00166966 actually no violence in norwich
N4Uv1kH3clU-00744-00166967-00167399 that is not why the jews in norwich died
N4Uv1kH3clU-00745-00167400-00167543 in 1190.
N4Uv1kH3clU-00746-00167544-00167959 it had to do with problems of taxation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00747-00167960-00168351 problems of lack of of authority
N4Uv1kH3clU-00748-00168352-00168631 within the north absence of royal
N4Uv1kH3clU-00749-00168632-00168726 control
N4Uv1kH3clU-00750-00168727-00168966 all sorts of other things played into
N4Uv1kH3clU-00751-00168967-00169047 that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00752-00169048-00169319 and yes nick is absolutely right it goes
N4Uv1kH3clU-00753-00169320-00169447 to gloucester
N4Uv1kH3clU-00754-00169448-00169814 um it goes to berries and edmonds but
N4Uv1kH3clU-00755-00169815-00170135 in england in the 12th century
N4Uv1kH3clU-00756-00170136-00170447 we do not have violence on account of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00757-00170448-00170502 these
N4Uv1kH3clU-00758-00170503-00170838 horrible tales and why are the tales
N4Uv1kH3clU-00759-00170839-00170926 told
N4Uv1kH3clU-00760-00170927-00171151 are they believed and again we need to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00761-00171152-00171238 think
N4Uv1kH3clU-00762-00171239-00171519 what does it mean to believe a ritual
N4Uv1kH3clU-00763-00171520-00171678 murder accusation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00764-00171679-00171959 it's one thing to listen to a myth this
N4Uv1kH3clU-00765-00171960-00172126 horrible stuff and little boy is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00766-00172127-00172214 tortured
N4Uv1kH3clU-00767-00172215-00172511 and all these awful terrible jews but we
N4Uv1kH3clU-00768-00172512-00172663 have no evidence
N4Uv1kH3clU-00769-00172664-00172911 that mothers in norwich were telling
N4Uv1kH3clU-00770-00172912-00172990 their children
N4Uv1kH3clU-00771-00172991-00173214 don't go out because the jews will take
N4Uv1kH3clU-00772-00173215-00173447 you we have no evidence of that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00773-00173448-00173823 in many ways this is a literary trope
N4Uv1kH3clU-00774-00173824-00174159 a trope that puts out the message that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00775-00174160-00174343 yeah there's a lot of interaction
N4Uv1kH3clU-00776-00174344-00174526 between christians and jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00777-00174527-00174847 but watch out because jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00778-00174848-00175126 might be dangerous let's be careful to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00779-00175127-00175366 have separation lines between
N4Uv1kH3clU-00780-00175367-00175687 jew and christian and also in all of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00781-00175688-00175807 these stories
N4Uv1kH3clU-00782-00175808-00176119 the jews come to a bad end in so
N4Uv1kH3clU-00783-00176120-00176366 many of these story the virgin mary
N4Uv1kH3clU-00784-00176367-00176471 plays a role
N4Uv1kH3clU-00785-00176472-00176775 and the virgin mary will save a child or
N4Uv1kH3clU-00786-00176776-00176871 it is a child
N4Uv1kH3clU-00787-00176872-00177223 singing to the virgin that will be found
N4Uv1kH3clU-00788-00177224-00177478 not always on time but all that sort of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00789-00177479-00177711 thing what do we have here
N4Uv1kH3clU-00790-00177712-00178135 jewish service a story a horrible story
N4Uv1kH3clU-00791-00178136-00178551 accusing jews but proving the veracity
N4Uv1kH3clU-00792-00178552-00178807 of christianity and what is so
N4Uv1kH3clU-00793-00178808-00178887 interesting in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00794-00178888-00179135 england we have violence because of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00795-00179136-00179311 these kind of stories
N4Uv1kH3clU-00796-00179312-00179663 in lincoln in 1255 because the king
N4Uv1kH3clU-00797-00179664-00179926 says i believe it he didn't believe it
N4Uv1kH3clU-00798-00179927-00180095 for long but it was long enough for jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00799-00180096-00180263 to lose their lives
N4Uv1kH3clU-00800-00180264-00180519 it is in france where it becomes a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00801-00180520-00180654 judicial tool
N4Uv1kH3clU-00802-00180655-00181054 to murder jews it becomes in germany
N4Uv1kH3clU-00803-00181055-00181407 a horrible uh catalyst
N4Uv1kH3clU-00804-00181408-00181687 to incredible violence against jews both
N4Uv1kH3clU-00805-00181688-00181814 by authority
N4Uv1kH3clU-00806-00181815-00182214 but also popular violence
N4Uv1kH3clU-00807-00182215-00182523 because in germany we don't have
N4Uv1kH3clU-00808-00182524-00182847 concentrated authority protecting jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-00809-00182848-00182975 at the right time
N4Uv1kH3clU-00810-00182976-00183231 in the right place and that's what we
N4Uv1kH3clU-00811-00183232-00183399 always need to look at
N4Uv1kH3clU-00812-00183400-00183783 ambiguous situation full of paradox
N4Uv1kH3clU-00813-00183784-00184095 you need to have authority at the right
N4Uv1kH3clU-00814-00184096-00184231 time at the right place
N4Uv1kH3clU-00815-00184232-00184559 who will protect jews thank you for
N4Uv1kH3clU-00816-00184560-00184726 bringing out that ambiguity it is very
N4Uv1kH3clU-00817-00184727-00184831 interesting isn't it that the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00818-00184832-00185095 the king's protection so important comes
N4Uv1kH3clU-00819-00185096-00185238 at a price for some it's a price of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00820-00185239-00185390 military service others it's the price
N4Uv1kH3clU-00821-00185391-00185502 of taxes
N4Uv1kH3clU-00822-00185503-00185823 and financial so um nick can we just can
N4Uv1kH3clU-00823-00185824-00185926 we look at the money in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00824-00185927-00186159 a little bit more detail um just so that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00825-00186160-00186311 we can get some context around it the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00826-00186312-00186431 old testament has
N4Uv1kH3clU-00827-00186432-00186599 prohibitions on lending with interest
N4Uv1kH3clU-00828-00186600-00186766 and by the high middle ages the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00829-00186767-00186935 english church is forbidding christians
N4Uv1kH3clU-00830-00186936-00187135 from lending for a return
N4Uv1kH3clU-00831-00187136-00187295 although regularly turns a blind eye to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00832-00187296-00187495 it when it does happen however jews were
N4Uv1kH3clU-00833-00187496-00187702 exempt from this prohibition and kept
N4Uv1kH3clU-00834-00187703-00187814 the vital capital
N4Uv1kH3clU-00835-00187815-00188007 circulating i mean a major part of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00836-00188008-00188183 economy really that the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00837-00188184-00188350 king established the exchequer of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00838-00188351-00188543 jews uh mentioned earlier from aaron of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00839-00188544-00188607 lincoln
N4Uv1kH3clU-00840-00188608-00188783 um to regulate their affairs but can we
N4Uv1kH3clU-00841-00188784-00188926 put this into some kind of a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00842-00188927-00189183 context for us and describe how the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00843-00189184-00189359 jewish role in finance
N4Uv1kH3clU-00844-00189360-00189678 um and the economy actually worked okay
N4Uv1kH3clU-00845-00189679-00189847 so the key point here
N4Uv1kH3clU-00846-00189848-00190150 is that we're again in this upsurge
N4Uv1kH3clU-00847-00190151-00190454 after the post-roman economy where
N4Uv1kH3clU-00848-00190455-00190719 the economic situation is improving
N4Uv1kH3clU-00849-00190720-00190966 massively for many many people
N4Uv1kH3clU-00850-00190967-00191207 it's an economy that's desperately short
N4Uv1kH3clU-00851-00191208-00191295 of credit
N4Uv1kH3clU-00852-00191296-00191535 though there has to be a supply of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00853-00191536-00191599 credit
N4Uv1kH3clU-00854-00191600-00191799 for any economy to take off think of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00855-00191800-00191950 today and as
N4Uv1kH3clU-00856-00191951-00192254 in any economy even the very rich are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00857-00192255-00192463 often very short of money
N4Uv1kH3clU-00858-00192464-00192726 so there has to be a ready supply of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00859-00192727-00192775 money
N4Uv1kH3clU-00860-00192776-00193095 on them the jewish restrictions on
N4Uv1kH3clU-00861-00193096-00193190 yusuri
N4Uv1kH3clU-00862-00193191-00193438 forbid lending within the jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-00863-00193439-00193535 community
N4Uv1kH3clU-00864-00193536-00193766 but they do not restrict the jews from
N4Uv1kH3clU-00865-00193767-00193895 lending beyond
N4Uv1kH3clU-00866-00193896-00194223 the jewish community christian money
N4Uv1kH3clU-00867-00194224-00194287 lenders
N4Uv1kH3clU-00868-00194288-00194543 are not supposed to charge interest on
N4Uv1kH3clU-00869-00194544-00194775 loans to one another but inevitably do
N4Uv1kH3clU-00870-00194776-00195126 and conceal all of that often by
N4Uv1kH3clU-00871-00195127-00195431 describing it as charges um there are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00872-00195432-00195599 parallels there to be drawn with the way
N4Uv1kH3clU-00873-00195600-00195783 that banking works today you
N4Uv1kH3clU-00874-00195784-00196071 you won't necessarily pay a very steep
N4Uv1kH3clU-00875-00196072-00196214 rate of interest but you pay
N4Uv1kH3clU-00876-00196215-00196519 very heavily to use the account
N4Uv1kH3clU-00877-00196520-00196983 so often interest is concealed by saying
N4Uv1kH3clU-00878-00196984-00197143 that a sum of money will be
N4Uv1kH3clU-00879-00197144-00197438 repaid and in reality that sum is a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00880-00197439-00197607 great deal higher than the money that's
N4Uv1kH3clU-00881-00197608-00197838 been advanced to start with
N4Uv1kH3clU-00882-00197839-00197999 going back to what anna was saying too
N4Uv1kH3clU-00883-00198000-00198150 though it's also very important to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00884-00198151-00198287 notice that this is only
N4Uv1kH3clU-00885-00198288-00198719 one part of a much wider story
N4Uv1kH3clU-00886-00198720-00198943 it's the part that's obviously very well
N4Uv1kH3clU-00887-00198944-00199087 documented
N4Uv1kH3clU-00888-00199088-00199347 because all of these bonds all of these
N4Uv1kH3clU-00889-00199348-00199478 ious
N4Uv1kH3clU-00890-00199479-00199695 were deliberately and very carefully
N4Uv1kH3clU-00891-00199696-00199807 preserved
N4Uv1kH3clU-00892-00199808-00199975 and the king took an interest in them
N4Uv1kH3clU-00893-00199976-00200150 because often as with
N4Uv1kH3clU-00894-00200151-00200471 um aaron of lincoln the king
N4Uv1kH3clU-00895-00200472-00200695 became the owner of those bonds and
N4Uv1kH3clU-00896-00200696-00200943 began to demand repayment
N4Uv1kH3clU-00897-00200944-00201159 if you think of those great piles of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00898-00201160-00201295 paper money that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00899-00201296-00201599 ious and bonds and so forth in any
N4Uv1kH3clU-00900-00201600-00201838 victorian novel think of thackery
N4Uv1kH3clU-00901-00201839-00202087 there's a constant market secondary
N4Uv1kH3clU-00902-00202088-00202166 market
N4Uv1kH3clU-00903-00202167-00202478 in these bonds they were very very
N4Uv1kH3clU-00904-00202479-00202743 carefully looked after those bonds
N4Uv1kH3clU-00905-00202744-00202935 so they do give us a slightly misleading
N4Uv1kH3clU-00906-00202936-00203111 impression of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00907-00203112-00203287 what was jewish enterprise in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00908-00203288-00203559 majority of cases
N4Uv1kH3clU-00909-00203560-00203711 and if some of these bonds are land
N4Uv1kH3clU-00910-00203712-00203878 backed actually we're also talking about
N4Uv1kH3clU-00911-00203879-00204126 a market in in land which
N4Uv1kH3clU-00912-00204127-00204366 gives barons influence and increases
N4Uv1kH3clU-00913-00204367-00204511 their status so presumably the king is
N4Uv1kH3clU-00914-00204512-00204607 very interested in that
N4Uv1kH3clU-00915-00204608-00204966 too yes the the the there are all sorts
N4Uv1kH3clU-00916-00204967-00205166 of complications legal complications
N4Uv1kH3clU-00917-00205167-00205382 there about the ownership of land
N4Uv1kH3clU-00918-00205383-00205638 so what tends to be is the mortgage on
N4Uv1kH3clU-00919-00205639-00205862 the land not the land itself
N4Uv1kH3clU-00920-00205863-00206014 and here we're not just dealing with
N4Uv1kH3clU-00921-00206015-00206238 barons barons wanting to go on crusade
N4Uv1kH3clU-00922-00206239-00206455 having to raise large amounts of money
N4Uv1kH3clU-00923-00206456-00206606 for this expedition
N4Uv1kH3clU-00924-00206607-00206903 um often borrowing from the jews we're
N4Uv1kH3clU-00925-00206904-00207086 also talking about the church
N4Uv1kH3clU-00926-00207087-00207431 so the great monasteries have a very
N4Uv1kH3clU-00927-00207432-00207790 irregular income stream which they try
N4Uv1kH3clU-00928-00207791-00208038 to supplement which they try to even out
N4Uv1kH3clU-00929-00208039-00208086 by
N4Uv1kH3clU-00930-00208087-00208446 heavy borrowing from the jews so uh
N4Uv1kH3clU-00931-00208448-00208727 this this is a a an operation a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00932-00208728-00208910 financial operation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00933-00208911-00209342 that involves many many powerful people
N4Uv1kH3clU-00934-00209344-00209598 powerful people who take the opportunity
N4Uv1kH3clU-00935-00209600-00209855 when opportunity arises
N4Uv1kH3clU-00936-00209856-00210055 to actually tear up those bonds to
N4Uv1kH3clU-00937-00210056-00210239 destroy them in as large a number as
N4Uv1kH3clU-00938-00210240-00210327 possible
N4Uv1kH3clU-00939-00210328-00210742 as is the case in york in 1190
N4Uv1kH3clU-00940-00210744-00210967 as in the case in england under king
N4Uv1kH3clU-00941-00210967-00211134 john the rebellion against king john
N4Uv1kH3clU-00942-00211135-00211294 there's a major
N4Uv1kH3clU-00943-00211296-00211479 upsurge of violence against the jews in
N4Uv1kH3clU-00944-00211480-00211598 london burning
N4Uv1kH3clU-00945-00211600-00211823 of jewish bonds the same thing happens
N4Uv1kH3clU-00946-00211823-00212079 again in the child's 60s
N4Uv1kH3clU-00947-00212080-00212327 so which is yet another reason why the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00948-00212328-00212479 things themselves are so carefully
N4Uv1kH3clU-00949-00212480-00212687 preserved because the king is very keen
N4Uv1kH3clU-00950-00212688-00212839 that these things do not be
N4Uv1kH3clU-00951-00212840-00213127 destroyed at times of tension between
N4Uv1kH3clU-00952-00213128-00213239 the community
N4Uv1kH3clU-00953-00213240-00213439 and those that the community regards as
N4Uv1kH3clU-00954-00213440-00213582 outsiders
N4Uv1kH3clU-00955-00213583-00213719 which creates a very precarious
N4Uv1kH3clU-00956-00213719-00213919 situation
N4Uv1kH3clU-00957-00213919-00214094 anna can you tell us a bit about about
N4Uv1kH3clU-00958-00214096-00214255 how all this was perceived by
N4Uv1kH3clU-00959-00214256-00214503 by individuals by the people um at the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00960-00214504-00214663 time i'm thinking about
N4Uv1kH3clU-00961-00214664-00214823 how did the christians and the jews see
N4Uv1kH3clU-00962-00214823-00215055 each other because we have writings of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00963-00215056-00215167 churchmen
N4Uv1kH3clU-00964-00215167-00215558 um some positive some negative um
N4Uv1kH3clU-00965-00215559-00215682 some of the lines that you've already
N4Uv1kH3clU-00966-00215683-00215991 mentioned um and questions around
N4Uv1kH3clU-00967-00215992-00216215 the the the massacre in york uh william
N4Uv1kH3clU-00968-00216216-00216310 of newburgh
N4Uv1kH3clU-00969-00216311-00216503 you know actually standing up and being
N4Uv1kH3clU-00970-00216504-00216606 appalled that the jews who are
N4Uv1kH3clU-00971-00216607-00216798 requesting baptism were slaughtered
N4Uv1kH3clU-00972-00216800-00216919 and yet you have these other church
N4Uv1kH3clU-00973-00216919-00217087 texts in which quite plainly there's a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00974-00217088-00217198 very hostile line
N4Uv1kH3clU-00975-00217200-00217406 being being spun so can you tell us a
N4Uv1kH3clU-00976-00217407-00217598 bit about the different ways in which
N4Uv1kH3clU-00977-00217600-00217903 all of these events were understood um
N4Uv1kH3clU-00978-00217904-00218191 uh i want to concentrate on uh william
N4Uv1kH3clU-00979-00218192-00218287 of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00980-00218288-00218639 newbury um who is he dies
N4Uv1kH3clU-00981-00218640-00219079 in 1198. i hope i've got that right yes
N4Uv1kH3clU-00982-00219080-00219231 and he gives us a great deal of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00983-00219232-00219479 information about what happens in york
N4Uv1kH3clU-00984-00219480-00219671 so a lot of people know about the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00985-00219671-00219882 massacre of the jews when the third
N4Uv1kH3clU-00986-00219883-00220031 crusade
N4Uv1kH3clU-00987-00220032-00220423 where in 1190
N4Uv1kH3clU-00988-00220423-00220855 and so this is a really good example
N4Uv1kH3clU-00989-00220856-00221198 of how this ambiguity how this
N4Uv1kH3clU-00990-00221200-00221534 has such terrible effects
N4Uv1kH3clU-00991-00221535-00221839 so aaron of lincoln's uh uh
N4Uv1kH3clU-00992-00221840-00222119 a money uh his estate is taken over by
N4Uv1kH3clU-00993-00222119-00222231 the crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-00994-00222232-00222558 so the crown all of a sudden becomes the
N4Uv1kH3clU-00995-00222559-00222742 lender to all kinds of people
N4Uv1kH3clU-00996-00222744-00223006 in the north including the cistercians
N4Uv1kH3clU-00997-00223007-00223110 who have borrowed
N4Uv1kH3clU-00998-00223111-00223439 money we have an absence of power of
N4Uv1kH3clU-00999-00223440-00223631 authority within the north
N4Uv1kH3clU-01000-00223632-00223855 very complicated story through
N4Uv1kH3clU-01001-00223856-00224063 tremendous misunderstandings
N4Uv1kH3clU-01002-00224064-00224398 the jews of york are in the king's tower
N4Uv1kH3clU-01003-00224400-00224575 clifford's tower
N4Uv1kH3clU-01004-00224576-00224806 and they are being attacked and they
N4Uv1kH3clU-01005-00224807-00224998 have to decide what to do
N4Uv1kH3clU-01006-00225000-00225319 now william of newbury very interesting
N4Uv1kH3clU-01007-00225319-00225639 has a problem because
N4Uv1kH3clU-01008-00225640-00225910 he is a good enough theologian that he
N4Uv1kH3clU-01009-00225911-00226103 knows that you're not allowed to attack
N4Uv1kH3clU-01010-00226104-00226358 jews you're not allowed to kill jews and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01011-00226359-00226527 you're not allowed to force jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01012-00226528-00226910 to convert however lots of jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01013-00226911-00227255 die and lots of jews by their own hand
N4Uv1kH3clU-01014-00227256-00227415 i'll come to that in a moment
N4Uv1kH3clU-01015-00227416-00227734 and many are axes you just said they are
N4Uv1kH3clU-01016-00227735-00227942 massacred as they leave the tower to
N4Uv1kH3clU-01017-00227944-00228071 accept baptism
N4Uv1kH3clU-01018-00228071-00228327 and of course for william newberry if
N4Uv1kH3clU-01019-00228328-00228487 that happens then god
N4Uv1kH3clU-01020-00228488-00228719 must have a reason and it's very
N4Uv1kH3clU-01021-00228719-00228919 interesting to look actually at what
N4Uv1kH3clU-01022-00228919-00229079 william himself says
N4Uv1kH3clU-01023-00229080-00229310 and i'll just read little bits to give
N4Uv1kH3clU-01024-00229311-00229431 you the flavor
N4Uv1kH3clU-01025-00229432-00229775 of this incredible paradoxical ambiguity
N4Uv1kH3clU-01026-00229776-00230079 of views about jews william writes
N4Uv1kH3clU-01027-00230080-00230391 the same zeal had set everyone on fire
N4Uv1kH3clU-01028-00230392-00230623 thinking that they were performing a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01029-00230623-00230798 great service to god
N4Uv1kH3clU-01030-00230800-00231031 if they would wipe out a people
N4Uv1kH3clU-01031-00231032-00231142 rebellious
N4Uv1kH3clU-01032-00231144-00231471 against christ while in their blinded
N4Uv1kH3clU-01033-00231471-00231567 minds
N4Uv1kH3clU-01034-00231567-00231791 they were impervious to those words of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01035-00231792-00232015 david indeed of the lord
N4Uv1kH3clU-01036-00232016-00232223 which has spoken in this person of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01037-00232223-00232358 christ
N4Uv1kH3clU-01038-00232359-00232719 do not slay them lest at any time my
N4Uv1kH3clU-01039-00232719-00232871 people forget
N4Uv1kH3clU-01040-00232871-00233127 and he goes on to explain that jews are
N4Uv1kH3clU-01041-00233128-00233175 in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01042-00233176-00233510 christian society for the utility
N4Uv1kH3clU-01043-00233511-00233919 of christians but he has to explain
N4Uv1kH3clU-01044-00233919-00234191 why god lets this happen but then he
N4Uv1kH3clU-01045-00234192-00234415 says but the jews living in england in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01046-00234416-00234623 the reign of henry ii
N4Uv1kH3clU-01047-00234623-00234934 had been successful and celebrated in an
N4Uv1kH3clU-01048-00234935-00235287 inverted state of affairs over and above
N4Uv1kH3clU-01049-00235288-00235567 christians and on account of their great
N4Uv1kH3clU-01050-00235567-00235710 good fortune
N4Uv1kH3clU-01051-00235711-00235967 they had impudently puffed themselves up
N4Uv1kH3clU-01052-00235967-00236103 against christ
N4Uv1kH3clU-01053-00236104-00236342 and inflicted very many burdens on
N4Uv1kH3clU-01054-00236344-00236446 christians
N4Uv1kH3clU-01055-00236448-00236671 for this reason in the days of the new
N4Uv1kH3clU-01056-00236671-00236919 king so richard who had just
N4Uv1kH3clU-01057-00236919-00237167 come to the throne their lives which
N4Uv1kH3clU-01058-00237167-00237415 they had through the mercy of christ
N4Uv1kH3clU-01059-00237416-00237742 were put in peril by his just decree
N4Uv1kH3clU-01060-00237744-00238006 nevertheless those who inflicted
N4Uv1kH3clU-01061-00238007-00238134 slaughter on them
N4Uv1kH3clU-01062-00238135-00238471 in a riot are by no means excused
N4Uv1kH3clU-01063-00238471-00238767 by the exquisite order of his judgment
N4Uv1kH3clU-01064-00238767-00238831 so
N4Uv1kH3clU-01065-00238832-00239046 people who did it do wrong they've
N4Uv1kH3clU-01066-00239048-00239198 sinned they're guilty
N4Uv1kH3clU-01067-00239200-00239487 but somehow the jews have deserved it
N4Uv1kH3clU-01068-00239488-00239615 and the problem is
N4Uv1kH3clU-01069-00239616-00239942 is what i've said before this ambiguity
N4Uv1kH3clU-01070-00239944-00240279 these jews were serving the king
N4Uv1kH3clU-01071-00240280-00240663 but the people in york who actually owed
N4Uv1kH3clU-01072-00240664-00240871 a lot of money now to the crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-01073-00240871-00241063 which is much more frightening than
N4Uv1kH3clU-01074-00241064-00241287 owing money to jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01075-00241288-00241615 they felt that somehow through this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01076-00241616-00241719 money lending
N4Uv1kH3clU-01077-00241719-00242046 there was an inversion jews were
N4Uv1kH3clU-01078-00242048-00242151 supposed to serve
N4Uv1kH3clU-01079-00242152-00242398 christians christians were not supposed
N4Uv1kH3clU-01080-00242400-00242463 to serve
N4Uv1kH3clU-01081-00242464-00242782 jews and through money landing the fear
N4Uv1kH3clU-01082-00242783-00242871 was
N4Uv1kH3clU-01083-00242871-00243182 that the jews jews were kind of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01084-00243183-00243494 on top and that was not what
N4Uv1kH3clU-01085-00243496-00243806 was envisaged but from the jewish point
N4Uv1kH3clU-01086-00243807-00243910 of view
N4Uv1kH3clU-01087-00243911-00244358 all of this happened in york on shabbath
N4Uv1kH3clU-01088-00244359-00244646 where on the eve of palm sunday the 16th
N4Uv1kH3clU-01089-00244648-00244846 and 17th of march
N4Uv1kH3clU-01090-00244848-00245206 and amongst their number is a rabbi
N4Uv1kH3clU-01091-00245207-00245527 from france and they
N4Uv1kH3clU-01092-00245528-00245767 do what the jews in the rhineland did
N4Uv1kH3clU-01093-00245767-00246071 and many of them decide better to die at
N4Uv1kH3clU-01094-00246071-00246230 their own hand
N4Uv1kH3clU-01095-00246231-00246663 in honor of god in hebrew kidus
N4Uv1kH3clU-01096-00246664-00246846 to honor the name of god the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01097-00246848-00247087 sanctification of god's name
N4Uv1kH3clU-01098-00247088-00247415 rather than be attacked killed
N4Uv1kH3clU-01099-00247416-00247782 or baptized others
N4Uv1kH3clU-01100-00247783-00248119 escape jews don't all act the same
N4Uv1kH3clU-01101-00248119-00248342 some jews do this other jews do that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01102-00248344-00248542 like any other community
N4Uv1kH3clU-01103-00248544-00248879 and these jews are attacked and murdered
N4Uv1kH3clU-01104-00248880-00249119 and william is desperately unhappy about
N4Uv1kH3clU-01105-00249119-00249310 that and feels that they have
N4Uv1kH3clU-01106-00249311-00249567 actually been baptized in their own
N4Uv1kH3clU-01107-00249567-00249727 blood
N4Uv1kH3clU-01108-00249728-00249982 as they are being murdered and we have
N4Uv1kH3clU-01109-00249983-00250255 jewish sources about what happened
N4Uv1kH3clU-01110-00250256-00250615 and very evocative sources
N4Uv1kH3clU-01111-00250616-00250919 of course very much honoring the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01112-00250919-00251039 martyrdom of these
N4Uv1kH3clU-01113-00251040-00251446 jews uh who have died to remain
N4Uv1kH3clU-01114-00251448-00251767 jews it is one of the most horrific
N4Uv1kH3clU-01115-00251767-00252006 stories of of 12th century
N4Uv1kH3clU-01116-00252007-00252127 and from what you're saying i'm i'm
N4Uv1kH3clU-01117-00252128-00252375 beginning to see three ways of looking
N4Uv1kH3clU-01118-00252376-00252430 at these
N4Uv1kH3clU-01119-00252431-00252639 um relationships one is to look at the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01120-00252640-00252910 ecclesiastical and theological context
N4Uv1kH3clU-01121-00252911-00253039 where we have as you mentioned with
N4Uv1kH3clU-01122-00253040-00253215 william of newburgh with his
N4Uv1kH3clU-01123-00253216-00253455 um perhaps slightly surprising views
N4Uv1kH3clU-01124-00253456-00253606 considering the mainstream
N4Uv1kH3clU-01125-00253607-00253806 there's the the popular view which which
N4Uv1kH3clU-01126-00253807-00253982 may or may not may not be following what
N4Uv1kH3clU-01127-00253983-00254127 those theologians are saying
N4Uv1kH3clU-01128-00254128-00254367 but then there's also a legal view and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01129-00254367-00254542 nick i'd be interested if you could tell
N4Uv1kH3clU-01130-00254544-00254671 us something about how
N4Uv1kH3clU-01131-00254671-00254830 i mean clearly the law is evolving you
N4Uv1kH3clU-01132-00254831-00255006 know throughout this period we think of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01133-00255007-00255223 henry ii the glanville the common law
N4Uv1kH3clU-01134-00255223-00255310 but
N4Uv1kH3clU-01135-00255311-00255591 laws specific to jews are also evolving
N4Uv1kH3clU-01136-00255592-00255655 some
N4Uv1kH3clU-01137-00255656-00255846 coming from externally like the fourth
N4Uv1kH3clU-01138-00255848-00256030 lateran council requiring the wearing of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01139-00256031-00256246 specific closing by jews and muslims
N4Uv1kH3clU-01140-00256248-00256479 to identify them but then in england we
N4Uv1kH3clU-01141-00256480-00256598 also have specific
N4Uv1kH3clU-01142-00256600-00256879 laws um little bits in magna carta the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01143-00256880-00257030 statutes of jury and then finally of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01144-00257031-00257223 course the edict of expulsion itself
N4Uv1kH3clU-01145-00257223-00257446 could you just trace that um that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01146-00257448-00257542 development for us
N4Uv1kH3clU-01147-00257544-00257734 of english legislation and the way it
N4Uv1kH3clU-01148-00257735-00258023 deals with england's jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01149-00258023-00258198 so clearly there's an awareness on
N4Uv1kH3clU-01150-00258200-00258375 behalf of the king that this community
N4Uv1kH3clU-01151-00258376-00258646 is the object of a great deal of tension
N4Uv1kH3clU-01152-00258648-00258782 and as today
N4Uv1kH3clU-01153-00258783-00259023 economic periods of economic instability
N4Uv1kH3clU-01154-00259023-00259223 this gets very dangerous
N4Uv1kH3clU-01155-00259223-00259503 so to begin with the king offers a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01156-00259504-00259703 degree of protection to the jews he says
N4Uv1kH3clU-01157-00259704-00259894 that certain things that the jews do are
N4Uv1kH3clU-01158-00259896-00259951 illicit
N4Uv1kH3clU-01159-00259952-00260310 money lending for instance as long as
N4Uv1kH3clU-01160-00260311-00260367 the the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01161-00260367-00260727 the the goods in which they are involved
N4Uv1kH3clU-01162-00260728-00260967 as taking as securities don't include
N4Uv1kH3clU-01163-00260967-00261151 things like bloodstained clothing or
N4Uv1kH3clU-01164-00261152-00261375 church vessels
N4Uv1kH3clU-01165-00261376-00261598 then we begin to move towards a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01166-00261600-00261798 situation where the crown intervenes
N4Uv1kH3clU-01167-00261800-00261967 from the 1230s onwards
N4Uv1kH3clU-01168-00261967-00262271 to limit the rate of interest at which
N4Uv1kH3clU-01169-00262272-00262471 jewish loans can be charged
N4Uv1kH3clU-01170-00262472-00262695 now those limitations don't they may
N4Uv1kH3clU-01171-00262696-00262927 sound quite severe so we're told that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01172-00262928-00263239 um a jewish loan
N4Uv1kH3clU-01173-00263240-00263575 can only uh go up to two pence
N4Uv1kH3clU-01174-00263576-00263887 in the pound that's two old pens two
N4Uv1kH3clU-01175-00263888-00264151 pennies out of 240 pennies in an old
N4Uv1kH3clU-01176-00264152-00264247 pound
N4Uv1kH3clU-01177-00264248-00264447 but if you calculate that over a year
N4Uv1kH3clU-01178-00264448-00264647 and compound it it's well over 50
N4Uv1kH3clU-01179-00264648-00264743 percent
N4Uv1kH3clU-01180-00264744-00265030 interest rate uh as as we would be
N4Uv1kH3clU-01181-00265031-00265119 paying today
N4Uv1kH3clU-01182-00265120-00265406 it's still quite hefty interest and then
N4Uv1kH3clU-01183-00265407-00265743 in the 1250s again we get limitations on
N4Uv1kH3clU-01184-00265744-00265934 uh the jews are not to blaspheme the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01185-00265935-00266055 name of god their
N4Uv1kH3clU-01186-00266056-00266287 religious ceremonies are to be conducted
N4Uv1kH3clU-01187-00266288-00266534 quietly and peacefully
N4Uv1kH3clU-01188-00266535-00266871 um again they are to wear this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01189-00266872-00267095 object on their outside clothing the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01190-00267096-00267375 object in england is called the tabula
N4Uv1kH3clU-01191-00267376-00267727 and in a sort of hideous inversion
N4Uv1kH3clU-01192-00267728-00267967 of jewish ceremony it's supposed to
N4Uv1kH3clU-01193-00267968-00268167 represent i think the tables on which
N4Uv1kH3clU-01194-00268168-00268230 the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01195-00268231-00268415 laws of moses are displayed in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01196-00268416-00268671 synagogue so they take a deliberately
N4Uv1kH3clU-01197-00268672-00268919 jewish symbol but turn it into
N4Uv1kH3clU-01198-00268920-00269215 a symbol of persecution of segregation
N4Uv1kH3clU-01199-00269216-00269575 towards the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01200-00269576-00269758 and then the con the culmination of all
N4Uv1kH3clU-01201-00269759-00269927 of this legislation of course is the the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01202-00269928-00270103 edict of expulsion itself
N4Uv1kH3clU-01203-00270104-00270399 when by all saints day 1290 to have to
N4Uv1kH3clU-01204-00270400-00270430 have
N4Uv1kH3clU-01205-00270431-00270591 left the kingdom can you tell us
N4Uv1kH3clU-01206-00270592-00270799 something for the the reasons that that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01207-00270800-00270982 provoked or prompted edward to take that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01208-00270983-00271079 really very
N4Uv1kH3clU-01209-00271080-00271295 uh drastic measure well essentially i
N4Uv1kH3clU-01210-00271296-00271455 think it's the exhaustion of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01211-00271456-00271687 usefulness of the jews to the crown in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01212-00271688-00271719 this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01213-00271720-00271967 in essence through the 13th century the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01214-00271968-00272039 crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-01215-00272040-00272295 leads the jewish community entirely to a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01216-00272296-00272351 drive
N4Uv1kH3clU-01217-00272352-00272575 financial resource it does say through a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01218-00272576-00272767 series of false taxations
N4Uv1kH3clU-01219-00272768-00273023 it pays the crown paid for its walls in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01220-00273024-00273223 france very largely from
N4Uv1kH3clU-01221-00273224-00273534 jewish money uh enterprise uh through
N4Uv1kH3clU-01222-00273535-00273710 the sale of jewish bonds through forced
N4Uv1kH3clU-01223-00273711-00273887 taxation against the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01224-00273888-00274119 so that as early as the 1250s the jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-01225-00274120-00274310 community was really no longer in a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01226-00274311-00274423 position
N4Uv1kH3clU-01227-00274424-00274582 and has already drawn attention to the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01228-00274583-00274791 fact that the number of very wealthy
N4Uv1kH3clU-01229-00274792-00274967 jews was already limited in the 12th
N4Uv1kH3clU-01230-00274968-00275047 century
N4Uv1kH3clU-01231-00275048-00275327 by the 1250s really the jewish community
N4Uv1kH3clU-01232-00275328-00275606 is struggling to survive at all
N4Uv1kH3clU-01233-00275607-00275799 and by the 1290s we've also got
N4Uv1kH3clU-01234-00275800-00275958 expulsions in france we've got
N4Uv1kH3clU-01235-00275959-00276151 expulsions in sicily we've got
N4Uv1kH3clU-01236-00276152-00276334 um attacks upon the jewish communities
N4Uv1kH3clU-01237-00276335-00276519 in aragon and spain
N4Uv1kH3clU-01238-00276520-00276719 and all of those seem to be present in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01239-00276720-00276879 the mind of ever the first
N4Uv1kH3clU-01240-00276880-00277151 again a crusading king at a period when
N4Uv1kH3clU-01241-00277152-00277271 the crusading kingdom
N4Uv1kH3clU-01242-00277272-00277495 seemed to be about to fall as they do
N4Uv1kH3clU-01243-00277496-00277630 indeed fall
N4Uv1kH3clU-01244-00277631-00277903 and in 1290 the jews are duly expelled
N4Uv1kH3clU-01245-00277904-00278071 from england
N4Uv1kH3clU-01246-00278072-00278271 fascinating and very depressing but i
N4Uv1kH3clU-01247-00278272-00278430 mean that comes back to i suppose what
N4Uv1kH3clU-01248-00278431-00278582 you've both been saying um
N4Uv1kH3clU-01249-00278583-00278751 for the period of the talk that this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01250-00278752-00278951 concept of utility of dependence of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01251-00278952-00279079 being able to provide something to the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01252-00279080-00279127 crown
N4Uv1kH3clU-01253-00279128-00279399 as soon as that is uh no longer there
N4Uv1kH3clU-01254-00279400-00279615 then then the interest wanes entirely
N4Uv1kH3clU-01255-00279616-00279830 and dominic there are parallels to be
N4Uv1kH3clU-01256-00279831-00279958 drawn there with the way that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01257-00279959-00280223 we treat immigrants even today and not
N4Uv1kH3clU-01258-00280224-00280287 just we
N4Uv1kH3clU-01259-00280288-00280558 but other other parts of the world very
N4Uv1kH3clU-01260-00280559-00280782 dependent upon immigrant labor
N4Uv1kH3clU-01261-00280783-00281006 but the moment that immigrant labor has
N4Uv1kH3clU-01262-00281007-00281167 lost its utility
N4Uv1kH3clU-01263-00281168-00281463 it becomes more a burden than a utility
N4Uv1kH3clU-01264-00281464-00281647 and all sorts of things happen
N4Uv1kH3clU-01265-00281648-00281951 that are deeply regrettable
N4Uv1kH3clU-01266-00281952-00282127 and history doesn't repeat itself but we
N4Uv1kH3clU-01267-00282128-00282382 absolutely can always learn from it
N4Uv1kH3clU-01268-00282383-00282727 um finally anna can you um can you just
N4Uv1kH3clU-01269-00282728-00282934 help us with some of the some of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01270-00282935-00283119 getting inside the the sort of the minds
N4Uv1kH3clU-01271-00283120-00283303 and the experiences of some of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01272-00283304-00283495 england's jews you know on the eve of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01273-00283496-00283687 the expulsion or actually just
N4Uv1kH3clU-01274-00283688-00283919 tracing it um of their experience in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01275-00283920-00284110 england we do have writings from people
N4Uv1kH3clU-01276-00284111-00284167 like
N4Uv1kH3clU-01277-00284168-00284375 rabbi jacob ben judah of london and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01278-00284376-00284543 mayor then elijah of norwich
N4Uv1kH3clU-01279-00284544-00284663 can you tell us something about what
N4Uv1kH3clU-01280-00284664-00284854 these you know very personal
N4Uv1kH3clU-01281-00284855-00285103 um records tell us about the jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-01282-00285104-00285239 experience in england
N4Uv1kH3clU-01283-00285240-00285534 in this period before expulsion yes um
N4Uv1kH3clU-01284-00285535-00285567 so
N4Uv1kH3clU-01285-00285568-00285895 rabbi jacob ben judah of london he wrote
N4Uv1kH3clU-01286-00285896-00286103 the eights hyena
N4Uv1kH3clU-01287-00286104-00286543 which is a compendium of jewish law
N4Uv1kH3clU-01288-00286544-00286863 which contains the kind of religious
N4Uv1kH3clU-01289-00286864-00287030 services
N4Uv1kH3clU-01290-00287031-00287310 that jews held at this time so we're
N4Uv1kH3clU-01291-00287311-00287527 just before the expulsion
N4Uv1kH3clU-01292-00287528-00287895 and lots of snippets of um
N4Uv1kH3clU-01293-00287896-00288206 of of laws concerning everyday life
N4Uv1kH3clU-01294-00288207-00288382 and just to bring in something a little
N4Uv1kH3clU-01295-00288383-00288551 bit of a lighter note this has been
N4Uv1kH3clU-01296-00288552-00288743 quite a heavy conversation
N4Uv1kH3clU-01297-00288744-00289030 um so one of the things you find in this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01298-00289031-00289223 hayem in this compendium
N4Uv1kH3clU-01299-00289224-00289599 is the question whether jewish dietary
N4Uv1kH3clU-01300-00289600-00289695 law
N4Uv1kH3clU-01301-00289696-00290023 allows jews to eat fruit tarts
N4Uv1kH3clU-01302-00290024-00290215 and the word in the text is
N4Uv1kH3clU-01303-00290216-00290454 transliterated in hebrew the french
N4Uv1kH3clU-01304-00290455-00290799 tart and um when it's been made by
N4Uv1kH3clU-01305-00290800-00290871 christians
N4Uv1kH3clU-01306-00290872-00291143 in other in a non-jewish oven if that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01307-00291144-00291263 makes sense
N4Uv1kH3clU-01308-00291264-00291615 and it is allowed um as long as
N4Uv1kH3clU-01309-00291616-00291958 uh grease hasn't dripped into the tart
N4Uv1kH3clU-01310-00291959-00292199 um which would make it of course not
N4Uv1kH3clU-01311-00292200-00292415 suitable for jews to eat
N4Uv1kH3clU-01312-00292416-00292695 another thing again jews and christians
N4Uv1kH3clU-01313-00292696-00292854 jews could never
N4Uv1kH3clU-01314-00292855-00293079 have been as successful as they were in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01315-00293080-00293319 england if they were completely separate
N4Uv1kH3clU-01316-00293320-00293439 from non-jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01317-00293440-00293567 there is of course a lot of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01318-00293568-00293743 intermingling as well
N4Uv1kH3clU-01319-00293744-00294079 it isn't all bad news and um in this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01320-00294080-00294287 compendium we we learn
N4Uv1kH3clU-01321-00294288-00294527 that actually other jewish communities
N4Uv1kH3clU-01322-00294528-00294654 are very shocked
N4Uv1kH3clU-01323-00294655-00294951 that in england rabbis allow jews to
N4Uv1kH3clU-01324-00294952-00295079 share a beer
N4Uv1kH3clU-01325-00295080-00295382 with non-jews you know you share alcohol
N4Uv1kH3clU-01326-00295383-00295567 and what will happen etc
N4Uv1kH3clU-01327-00295568-00295839 uh but that is allowed in england so
N4Uv1kH3clU-01328-00295840-00295910 there is
N4Uv1kH3clU-01329-00295911-00296215 there is also clearly language that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01330-00296216-00296406 shows that jews and christians did
N4Uv1kH3clU-01331-00296407-00296503 interact
N4Uv1kH3clU-01332-00296504-00296799 there are other bits in the ets which do
N4Uv1kH3clU-01333-00296800-00296863 show
N4Uv1kH3clU-01334-00296864-00297030 a lot of the tension within the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01335-00297031-00297351 communities but perhaps i can close with
N4Uv1kH3clU-01336-00297352-00297687 um uh rabbi uh emilia ben elijah of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01337-00297688-00297927 norwich we don't know anything about him
N4Uv1kH3clU-01338-00297928-00298206 but norwich was a place where a jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01339-00298207-00298271 were
N4Uv1kH3clU-01340-00298272-00298582 very economically active and he writes a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01341-00298583-00298727 poem which i think
N4Uv1kH3clU-01342-00298728-00298967 and i'll just read out a few lines which
N4Uv1kH3clU-01343-00298968-00299158 makes absolutely clear
N4Uv1kH3clU-01344-00299159-00299415 that the situation was really quite dire
N4Uv1kH3clU-01345-00299416-00299639 just before the expulsion
N4Uv1kH3clU-01346-00299640-00299863 um i quote from susan einbinder's
N4Uv1kH3clU-01347-00299864-00300030 wonderful translation
N4Uv1kH3clU-01348-00300031-00300263 put a curse on mine enemy for every man
N4Uv1kH3clU-01349-00300264-00300430 supplants his brother
N4Uv1kH3clU-01350-00300431-00300639 when will you say to the house of jacob
N4Uv1kH3clU-01351-00300640-00300830 come let us walk in the light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01352-00300831-00301015 you are mighty and full of light you
N4Uv1kH3clU-01353-00301016-00301254 turn the darkness into light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01354-00301255-00301447 tear out their hearts they who wrought
N4Uv1kH3clU-01355-00301448-00301679 harm to those who come to your name
N4Uv1kH3clU-01356-00301680-00301967 when i hope for good evil arrived yet i
N4Uv1kH3clU-01357-00301968-00302134 wait for the light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01358-00302135-00302334 the words of the seer are garbled for
N4Uv1kH3clU-01359-00302335-00302551 the foe has mocked your children
N4Uv1kH3clU-01360-00302552-00302758 until they don't know which path is the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01361-00302759-00302951 one that gives off light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01362-00302952-00303230 the land exhausts us by demanding
N4Uv1kH3clU-01363-00303231-00303334 payments
N4Uv1kH3clU-01364-00303335-00303647 and the people's disgust is heard this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01365-00303648-00303910 is what we're talking about while we are
N4Uv1kH3clU-01366-00303911-00304134 silent and wait for the light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01367-00304135-00304391 they make our yoke heavier they are
N4Uv1kH3clU-01368-00304392-00304463 finishing
N4Uv1kH3clU-01369-00304464-00304823 us off they continually say of us
N4Uv1kH3clU-01370-00304824-00305039 let us to spoil them until the morning
N4Uv1kH3clU-01371-00305040-00305263 light you are mighty and full of light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01372-00305264-00305479 you turn the darkness into light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01373-00305480-00305791 so hope for redemption but it's
N4Uv1kH3clU-01374-00305792-00306143 a pretty bleak picture
N4Uv1kH3clU-01375-00306144-00306406 that is being drawn by a poet just
N4Uv1kH3clU-01376-00306407-00306575 before the expulsion
N4Uv1kH3clU-01377-00306576-00306847 life was really tough by this time the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01378-00306848-00307158 communities were very much
N4Uv1kH3clU-01379-00307159-00307375 depleted there was conversion people
N4Uv1kH3clU-01380-00307376-00307543 were already leaving
N4Uv1kH3clU-01381-00307544-00307767 seeing the writing on the wall and of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01382-00307768-00307934 course the inner communities these
N4Uv1kH3clU-01383-00307935-00308134 communities would help each other
N4Uv1kH3clU-01384-00308135-00308382 there would be some very rich others not
N4Uv1kH3clU-01385-00308383-00308591 rich but the rich would help
N4Uv1kH3clU-01386-00308592-00308758 those who weren't rich there would be
N4Uv1kH3clU-01387-00308759-00308927 money for the widows
N4Uv1kH3clU-01388-00308928-00309134 you know the orphans etc there's a lot
N4Uv1kH3clU-01389-00309135-00309239 of self-help
N4Uv1kH3clU-01390-00309240-00309487 all of this was breaking down as as we
N4Uv1kH3clU-01391-00309488-00309687 know from bob stacy's work
N4Uv1kH3clU-01392-00309688-00309951 and yeah towards the end it's it's not a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01393-00309952-00310095 good story
N4Uv1kH3clU-01394-00310096-00310343 well thank you for the moment of levity
N4Uv1kH3clU-01395-00310344-00310503 with the uh with the beer and the fruit
N4Uv1kH3clU-01396-00310504-00310623 tarts it's nice
N4Uv1kH3clU-01397-00310624-00310830 it's nice to hear the original yeah the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01398-00310831-00310967 original i mean it's wonderful
N4Uv1kH3clU-01399-00310968-00311143 um exploring themes but actually there's
N4Uv1kH3clU-01400-00311144-00311287 nothing so powerful as to hear the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01401-00311288-00311454 you know the words of the actual you
N4Uv1kH3clU-01402-00311455-00311623 know for people from the period
N4Uv1kH3clU-01403-00311624-00311791 um i've asked enough questions now i'm
N4Uv1kH3clU-01404-00311792-00311895 going to ask some questions from the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01405-00311896-00312063 audience if that's all right with you
N4Uv1kH3clU-01406-00312064-00312239 so i've got the first one here from
N4Uv1kH3clU-01407-00312240-00312399 richard cohen who says
N4Uv1kH3clU-01408-00312400-00312551 i hope you can tell us something about
N4Uv1kH3clU-01409-00312552-00312719 where the jews expelled from england in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01410-00312720-00313071 1290 went
N4Uv1kH3clU-01411-00313072-00313399 that's not an easy one um it's
N4Uv1kH3clU-01412-00313400-00313758 as far as we know but nick please please
N4Uv1kH3clU-01413-00313759-00313847 come in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01414-00313848-00314279 um they would go to france more or less
N4Uv1kH3clU-01415-00314280-00314487 but of course they wouldn't have much
N4Uv1kH3clU-01416-00314488-00314727 luck there because we're looking
N4Uv1kH3clU-01417-00314728-00315063 at uh only within what is it 15 years we
N4Uv1kH3clU-01418-00315064-00315271 have the expulsion from france
N4Uv1kH3clU-01419-00315272-00315623 but that would be pretty much their
N4Uv1kH3clU-01420-00315624-00315927 first call that they would go to some
N4Uv1kH3clU-01421-00315928-00316151 went further afield
N4Uv1kH3clU-01422-00316152-00316471 but with there is evidence of in paris
N4Uv1kH3clU-01423-00316472-00316679 there's evidence of jews which clearly
N4Uv1kH3clU-01424-00316680-00316975 who clearly came from england but others
N4Uv1kH3clU-01425-00316976-00317071 would
N4Uv1kH3clU-01426-00317072-00317343 have gone through france presumably and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01427-00317344-00317534 and it would be better to get
N4Uv1kH3clU-01428-00317535-00317791 obviously further south i don't know if
N4Uv1kH3clU-01429-00317792-00317967 nick you you know more than that than i
N4Uv1kH3clU-01430-00317968-00318015 do
N4Uv1kH3clU-01431-00318016-00318358 i don't know i don't know at all but i
N4Uv1kH3clU-01432-00318359-00318439 do know that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01433-00318440-00318799 that um exiles in general pose all sorts
N4Uv1kH3clU-01434-00318800-00318895 of problems so
N4Uv1kH3clU-01435-00318896-00319079 criminals in england throughout the 12th
N4Uv1kH3clU-01436-00319080-00319287 13th centuries are expelled in very
N4Uv1kH3clU-01437-00319288-00319406 large numbers
N4Uv1kH3clU-01438-00319407-00319575 and they immediately cross to france
N4Uv1kH3clU-01439-00319576-00319743 obviously france is the first port of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01440-00319744-00319815 call
N4Uv1kH3clU-01441-00319816-00319999 what happens to them thereafter we just
N4Uv1kH3clU-01442-00320000-00320119 don't know
N4Uv1kH3clU-01443-00320120-00320439 i that poem that you read out anna um
N4Uv1kH3clU-01444-00320440-00320743 mayor ben elijah that survives only
N4Uv1kH3clU-01445-00320744-00320910 because the manuscripts ended up in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01446-00320911-00321054 vatican for reason
N4Uv1kH3clU-01447-00321055-00321375 or completely that's right yeah that is
N4Uv1kH3clU-01448-00321376-00321615 absolutely right and the and the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01449-00321616-00321703 autograph
N4Uv1kH3clU-01450-00321704-00322063 of uh is in leipzig it is actually an
N4Uv1kH3clU-01451-00322064-00322151 autograph
N4Uv1kH3clU-01452-00322152-00322543 yes which is extraordinary yeah yeah
N4Uv1kH3clU-01453-00322544-00322815 what survives to us is the detroiters of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01454-00322816-00322847 the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01455-00322848-00323119 royal side of the jewish community in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01456-00323120-00323310 england the bombs and the financial
N4Uv1kH3clU-01457-00323311-00323567 readings of the exterior of the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01458-00323568-00323775 and those appalling stories and and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01459-00323776-00323958 there again all of their stories that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01460-00323959-00324063 we've told
N4Uv1kH3clU-01461-00324064-00324382 like 1190 like william of norwich like
N4Uv1kH3clU-01462-00324383-00324582 little century in lincoln
N4Uv1kH3clU-01463-00324583-00324882 they're all saturated with a literary
N4Uv1kH3clU-01464-00324883-00324999 element
N4Uv1kH3clU-01465-00325000-00325191 that makes it very difficult to know
N4Uv1kH3clU-01466-00325192-00325382 what the jewish communities take on
N4Uv1kH3clU-01467-00325383-00325575 their stories would have been
N4Uv1kH3clU-01468-00325576-00325903 so we go literally from the light
N4Uv1kH3clU-01469-00325904-00326127 into the darkness after 1290 we just
N4Uv1kH3clU-01470-00326128-00326391 don't know what happened to this moment
N4Uv1kH3clU-01471-00326392-00326487 we do know that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01472-00326488-00326671 some actually perished they would they
N4Uv1kH3clU-01473-00326672-00326847 were put out on boats
N4Uv1kH3clU-01474-00326848-00327158 and the boats were not seaworthy um
N4Uv1kH3clU-01475-00327159-00327463 yeah yeah
N4Uv1kH3clU-01476-00327464-00327654 um can i invite members of the audience
N4Uv1kH3clU-01477-00327655-00327815 to keep submitting questions there's a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01478-00327816-00327934 link at the bottom
N4Uv1kH3clU-01479-00327935-00328167 underneath the video where you can uh
N4Uv1kH3clU-01480-00328168-00328287 send questions through
N4Uv1kH3clU-01481-00328288-00328430 and they are coming through to me and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01482-00328431-00328630 i've got another one here um what still
N4Uv1kH3clU-01483-00328631-00328815 exists in modern day england that shows
N4Uv1kH3clU-01484-00328816-00329151 the presence of the jews in medieval
N4Uv1kH3clU-01485-00329152-00329287 well england quite a lot of physical
N4Uv1kH3clU-01486-00329288-00329495 remains apart from the documentation
N4Uv1kH3clU-01487-00329496-00329767 which is often if not written in hebrew
N4Uv1kH3clU-01488-00329768-00329854 it often has
N4Uv1kH3clU-01489-00329855-00330103 hebrew hebrew endorsements on it or
N4Uv1kH3clU-01490-00330104-00330206 hebrew
N4Uv1kH3clU-01491-00330207-00330543 inscriptions on it um there is
N4Uv1kH3clU-01492-00330544-00330734 uh quite a lot of the built environment
N4Uv1kH3clU-01493-00330735-00330895 even in norwich today
N4Uv1kH3clU-01494-00330896-00331327 is uh what remains of the jewish quarter
N4Uv1kH3clU-01495-00331328-00331543 uh the same is true in lincoln the same
N4Uv1kH3clU-01496-00331544-00331695 is true in oxford
N4Uv1kH3clU-01497-00331696-00331903 um there's there's quite a lot of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01498-00331904-00332078 physical evidence on the ground
N4Uv1kH3clU-01499-00332079-00332175 and then we've got things like
N4Uv1kH3clU-01500-00332176-00332399 clifford's tar in in york where the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01501-00332400-00332551 massacre of 1190
N4Uv1kH3clU-01502-00332552-00332775 may have taken place these things are
N4Uv1kH3clU-01503-00332776-00332967 still all there
N4Uv1kH3clU-01504-00332968-00333278 and also we have um we do have quite a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01505-00333279-00333430 few manuscripts
N4Uv1kH3clU-01506-00333431-00333806 um actually in oxford um
N4Uv1kH3clU-01507-00333807-00334110 bilingual manuscripts jude schlanger has
N4Uv1kH3clU-01508-00334111-00334358 worked on a huge amount of work on that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01509-00334359-00334567 and oxford has a particularly good
N4Uv1kH3clU-01510-00334568-00334695 collection
N4Uv1kH3clU-01511-00334696-00334903 of bilingual manuscripts and hebrew
N4Uv1kH3clU-01512-00334904-00335054 manuscripts
N4Uv1kH3clU-01513-00335055-00335358 some of these were created
N4Uv1kH3clU-01514-00335359-00335743 for christian scholars to learn hebrew
N4Uv1kH3clU-01515-00335744-00336030 others are manuscripts hebrew
N4Uv1kH3clU-01516-00336031-00336239 manuscripts that were later
N4Uv1kH3clU-01517-00336240-00336551 used by christians and you can see that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01518-00336552-00336767 through what what happens in the margins
N4Uv1kH3clU-01519-00336768-00336910 so there's quite a bit like that and of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01520-00336911-00337078 course place names
N4Uv1kH3clU-01521-00337079-00337430 um we we i mean in oxford
N4Uv1kH3clU-01522-00337431-00337663 we have dead man's walk and that was the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01523-00337664-00337743 walk
N4Uv1kH3clU-01524-00337744-00337999 um from the jewish quarter from what
N4Uv1kH3clU-01525-00338000-00338127 naos and all gates
N4Uv1kH3clU-01526-00338128-00338406 um to get to the jewish cemetery which
N4Uv1kH3clU-01527-00338407-00338599 is now the rose garden in the botanic
N4Uv1kH3clU-01528-00338600-00338727 gardens so
N4Uv1kH3clU-01529-00338728-00339127 um and and and again we know quite a bit
N4Uv1kH3clU-01530-00339128-00339695 about where jews lived um in in oxford
N4Uv1kH3clU-01531-00339696-00339847 thank you and we have a question from
N4Uv1kH3clU-01532-00339848-00340063 leslie michaels a good financial
N4Uv1kH3clU-01533-00340064-00340143 question here
N4Uv1kH3clU-01534-00340144-00340334 in order to lend large quantities of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01535-00340335-00340599 money one needs a source of funds
N4Uv1kH3clU-01536-00340600-00340823 i.e banks accept deposits where did the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01537-00340824-00341006 jewish money lenders obtain the large
N4Uv1kH3clU-01538-00341007-00341223 amounts of money to lend
N4Uv1kH3clU-01539-00341224-00341423 that is a very interesting question to
N4Uv1kH3clU-01540-00341424-00341606 which i do not immediately have an
N4Uv1kH3clU-01541-00341607-00341999 answer clearly this was a profitable
N4Uv1kH3clU-01542-00342000-00342151 trade even though it was tax very
N4Uv1kH3clU-01543-00342152-00342271 heavily
N4Uv1kH3clU-01544-00342272-00342423 and clearly there must have been large
N4Uv1kH3clU-01545-00342424-00342703 amounts of capital to kick it off
N4Uv1kH3clU-01546-00342704-00342878 but we do know this is a point we didn't
N4Uv1kH3clU-01547-00342879-00343047 really touch on that these communities
N4Uv1kH3clU-01548-00343048-00343230 in england were closely in touch with
N4Uv1kH3clU-01549-00343231-00343406 communities in rural
N4Uv1kH3clU-01550-00343407-00343703 with communities in paris with community
N4Uv1kH3clU-01551-00343704-00343815 broadly
N4Uv1kH3clU-01552-00343816-00344071 and you could pose that same question
N4Uv1kH3clU-01553-00344072-00344287 where does that capital originate
N4Uv1kH3clU-01554-00344288-00344599 of any great money-lending enterprise
N4Uv1kH3clU-01555-00344600-00344806 something again we didn't touch on kings
N4Uv1kH3clU-01556-00344807-00344927 always needed money throughout the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01557-00344928-00345063 middle ages after the expulsion of the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01558-00345064-00345110 jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01559-00345111-00345295 they just turned to another group the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01560-00345296-00345463 italian merchants
N4Uv1kH3clU-01561-00345464-00345751 and in effect bankrupted them one after
N4Uv1kH3clU-01562-00345752-00346006 another luca florence
N4Uv1kH3clU-01563-00346007-00346303 each of these italian communities but it
N4Uv1kH3clU-01564-00346304-00346463 is a very interesting question anna do
N4Uv1kH3clU-01565-00346464-00346558 you have her
N4Uv1kH3clU-01566-00346559-00346823 it is a very interesting question um i
N4Uv1kH3clU-01567-00346824-00346999 don't know the answer either
N4Uv1kH3clU-01568-00347000-00347287 i mean it's the sort of question i ask
N4Uv1kH3clU-01569-00347288-00347503 for the whole development of the economy
N4Uv1kH3clU-01570-00347504-00347782 which is happening from the 11th century
N4Uv1kH3clU-01571-00347783-00348015 and i always think to myself where does
N4Uv1kH3clU-01572-00348016-00348127 it all come from
N4Uv1kH3clU-01573-00348128-00348447 because i mean it's it's a major major
N4Uv1kH3clU-01574-00348448-00348591 question to ask
N4Uv1kH3clU-01575-00348592-00348830 um there was of course within the jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-01576-00348831-00348927 communities
N4Uv1kH3clU-01577-00348928-00349263 um there were ways and means for intra
N4Uv1kH3clU-01578-00349264-00349639 communal uh lending but that doesn't
N4Uv1kH3clU-01579-00349640-00349791 sufficiently
N4Uv1kH3clU-01580-00349792-00349982 uh answer the question because the jews
N4Uv1kH3clU-01581-00349983-00350230 were not involved in the world trade
N4Uv1kH3clU-01582-00350231-00350543 it's one of the things that puzzles
N4Uv1kH3clU-01583-00350544-00350782 us they were not invited to england to
N4Uv1kH3clU-01584-00350783-00350982 partake of that that was very much in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01585-00350983-00351295 english hands to start with anglo-saxon
N4Uv1kH3clU-01586-00351296-00351375 hands
N4Uv1kH3clU-01587-00351376-00351575 they were very much involved in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01588-00351576-00351734 silver trade
N4Uv1kH3clU-01589-00351735-00352063 uh the plate trade uh and of course
N4Uv1kH3clU-01590-00352064-00352334 the english coins had a very high silver
N4Uv1kH3clU-01591-00352335-00352447 content
N4Uv1kH3clU-01592-00352448-00352751 and so that was very lucrative so maybe
N4Uv1kH3clU-01593-00352752-00353054 maybe this is part of the answer but um
N4Uv1kH3clU-01594-00353055-00353334 so when merchants came to do business in
N4Uv1kH3clU-01595-00353335-00353510 england they had to
N4Uv1kH3clU-01596-00353511-00353806 change any money they had uh to get
N4Uv1kH3clU-01597-00353807-00354015 themselves the king's silver the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01598-00354016-00354358 king's coin so they could also bring
N4Uv1kH3clU-01599-00354359-00354663 silver and jews were very much involved
N4Uv1kH3clU-01600-00354664-00354951 in getting that silver to the minters
N4Uv1kH3clU-01601-00354952-00355143 and the minters would then turn it into
N4Uv1kH3clU-01602-00355144-00355375 coins and obviously money was made
N4Uv1kH3clU-01603-00355376-00355678 so that must have given them
N4Uv1kH3clU-01604-00355679-00356047 a good head start but
N4Uv1kH3clU-01605-00356048-00356375 i'm not an economic historian and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01606-00356376-00356582 these are questions that i have as well
N4Uv1kH3clU-01607-00356583-00356775 it's a very very good question
N4Uv1kH3clU-01608-00356776-00357078 it also fits into that darker story too
N4Uv1kH3clU-01609-00357079-00357343 uh in the the clipping of coin the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01610-00357344-00357447 deliberate
N4Uv1kH3clU-01611-00357448-00357678 manipulation of that exchange by
N4Uv1kH3clU-01612-00357679-00357878 clipping the edges off the coin
N4Uv1kH3clU-01613-00357879-00358127 is one of the last accusations made
N4Uv1kH3clU-01614-00358128-00358263 against the jewish community in the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01615-00358264-00358391 1270s
N4Uv1kH3clU-01616-00358392-00358639 so again there is a great deal of empty
N4Uv1kH3clU-01617-00358640-00358751 jewish violence
N4Uv1kH3clU-01618-00358752-00358927 around these accusations of coin
N4Uv1kH3clU-01619-00358928-00359175 clipping that suggest a connection with
N4Uv1kH3clU-01620-00359176-00359295 exchange
N4Uv1kH3clU-01621-00359296-00359510 and attack it does indeed that's
N4Uv1kH3clU-01622-00359511-00359719 judicial violence because
N4Uv1kH3clU-01623-00359720-00360006 um again the jews there were a lot of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01624-00360007-00360158 people clip coins but
N4Uv1kH3clU-01625-00360159-00360439 um the jews got it much more in the net
N4Uv1kH3clU-01626-00360440-00360543 quite literally
N4Uv1kH3clU-01627-00360544-00360871 um than than than non-jews yeah now that
N4Uv1kH3clU-01628-00360872-00361095 yeah but again it shows us we have these
N4Uv1kH3clU-01629-00361096-00361182 very high
N4Uv1kH3clU-01630-00361183-00361527 value coins and i'm sure it does somehow
N4Uv1kH3clU-01631-00361528-00361591 come back
N4Uv1kH3clU-01632-00361592-00361791 to the to the wealth that nick was
N4Uv1kH3clU-01633-00361792-00361951 talking about at the very beginning of
N4Uv1kH3clU-01634-00361952-00362063 our discussion
N4Uv1kH3clU-01635-00362064-00362375 this wealth in england
N4Uv1kH3clU-01636-00362376-00362471 i think it's a particularly good
N4Uv1kH3clU-01637-00362472-00362606 question because usually finance
N4Uv1kH3clU-01638-00362607-00362703 businesses have the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01639-00362704-00362958 asset side and the liability side and
N4Uv1kH3clU-01640-00362959-00363039 normally
N4Uv1kH3clU-01641-00363040-00363295 a money lender is also a deposit taker
N4Uv1kH3clU-01642-00363296-00363471 so i'd be fascinated to know if the
N4Uv1kH3clU-01643-00363472-00363671 records show that if the king had
N4Uv1kH3clU-01644-00363672-00363830 excess liquidity lying around or any
N4Uv1kH3clU-01645-00363831-00363982 baron said whether they deposited it
N4Uv1kH3clU-01646-00363983-00364143 with any of the jewish money lenders
N4Uv1kH3clU-01647-00364144-00364295 who were then able to recirculate it
N4Uv1kH3clU-01648-00364296-00364471 because that's how a more sophisticated
N4Uv1kH3clU-01649-00364472-00364623 economy would work
N4Uv1kH3clU-01650-00364624-00364887 yeah we must remember that a lot of this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01651-00364888-00364999 money landing
N4Uv1kH3clU-01652-00365000-00365334 was in trifling sums we always have
N4Uv1kH3clU-01653-00365335-00365527 these visions of these enormous sums
N4Uv1kH3clU-01654-00365528-00365647 passing hands
N4Uv1kH3clU-01655-00365648-00365982 but the bulk of it was very very little
N4Uv1kH3clU-01656-00365983-00366175 and that had just to do with with kind
N4Uv1kH3clU-01657-00366176-00366343 of cash flow problems
N4Uv1kH3clU-01658-00366344-00366671 um it wasn't all this high level
N4Uv1kH3clU-01659-00366672-00366991 you know with collaterals of land um a
N4Uv1kH3clU-01660-00366992-00367119 lot of it is was
N4Uv1kH3clU-01661-00367120-00367430 is really mind-bogglingly small
N4Uv1kH3clU-01662-00367431-00367782 um but yes i mean yes dominic i mean
N4Uv1kH3clU-01663-00367783-00367967 that that is a very interesting
N4Uv1kH3clU-01664-00367968-00368119 i don't know the i'm sorry i just don't
N4Uv1kH3clU-01665-00368120-00368287 know the answer to that well it's lovely
N4Uv1kH3clU-01666-00368288-00368415 to end on something that we can
N4Uv1kH3clU-01667-00368416-00368543 we can all go away and try and find out
N4Uv1kH3clU-01668-00368544-00368678 about and maybe come back and talk about
N4Uv1kH3clU-01669-00368679-00368775 another time but
N4Uv1kH3clU-01670-00368776-00369015 we are i'm afraid out of time um this
N4Uv1kH3clU-01671-00369016-00369191 has been truly fascinating and a real
N4Uv1kH3clU-01672-00369192-00369303 joy to explore
N4Uv1kH3clU-01673-00369304-00369615 reflect on and learn from so anna nick
N4Uv1kH3clU-01674-00369616-00369815 on behalf of the british library jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-01675-00369816-00370006 book week the audience and me
N4Uv1kH3clU-01676-00370007-00370182 thank you so much for sharing your
N4Uv1kH3clU-01677-00370183-00370334 expertise and insights with us
N4Uv1kH3clU-01678-00370335-00370815 so very engagingly thank you very much
N4Uv1kH3clU-01679-00370816-00371023 ladies and gentlemen we hope you have
N4Uv1kH3clU-01680-00371024-00371263 enjoyed today's event
N4Uv1kH3clU-01681-00371264-00371551 a big thank you to the panel and a very
N4Uv1kH3clU-01682-00371552-00371799 special thank you to our partners jewish
N4Uv1kH3clU-01683-00371800-00371878 book week
N4Uv1kH3clU-01684-00371879-00372223 for working with us on this event
N4Uv1kH3clU-01685-00372224-00372454 we have an exciting range of events
N4Uv1kH3clU-01686-00372455-00372623 linked to the hebrew manuscripts
N4Uv1kH3clU-01687-00372624-00372782 exhibition
N4Uv1kH3clU-01688-00372783-00373023 do please keep an eye on the what's on
N4Uv1kH3clU-01689-00373024-00373199 pages of our website
N4Uv1kH3clU-01690-00373200-00373567 for more information thank you very much
N4Uv1kH3clU-01691-00373568-00373647 indeed
N4Uv1kH3clU-01692-00373648-00374382 for joining us
N4Uv1kH3clU-01693-00374383-00374592 you
N6f1qzHYM4o-00000-00000016-00000214 hey guys it's your girl vanessa here
N6f1qzHYM4o-00001-00000215-00000551 welcome back to another video in today's
N6f1qzHYM4o-00002-00000552-00000782 video i will be sharing with you guys my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00003-00000783-00000991 nighttime routine so the little things
N6f1qzHYM4o-00004-00000992-00001231 that i do to keep my hair and skin
N6f1qzHYM4o-00005-00001232-00001487 healthy so if you're interested
N6f1qzHYM4o-00006-00001488-00001718 definitely be sure to keep on watching
N6f1qzHYM4o-00007-00001719-00001910 and watch to the end guys you can get to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00008-00001911-00002191 see pretty much everything that i do i'm
N6f1qzHYM4o-00009-00002192-00002479 currently wearing a wig now this is um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00010-00002480-00002767 work day for me um so a weekday i
N6f1qzHYM4o-00011-00002768-00003071 normally don't work on a weekend um so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00012-00003072-00003215 yeah it's a work day for me and i'm
N6f1qzHYM4o-00013-00003215-00003431 basically just going to unwind you know
N6f1qzHYM4o-00014-00003432-00003631 get everything off and just pretty much
N6f1qzHYM4o-00015-00003632-00003903 get ready for bed so i'm going to share
N6f1qzHYM4o-00016-00003904-00004079 that with you guys so i'm going to start
N6f1qzHYM4o-00017-00004079-00004527 by taking my makeup off and i'm using
N6f1qzHYM4o-00018-00004528-00004751 some white so just
N6f1qzHYM4o-00019-00004752-00005038 ordinary you know makeup wipes and so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00020-00005039-00005246 i'm just going to do that first
N6f1qzHYM4o-00021-00005247-00005647 [Music]
N6f1qzHYM4o-00022-00005648-00005895 so now i'm going to take off the wig
N6f1qzHYM4o-00023-00005896-00006095 and i'm going to go ahead and get
N6f1qzHYM4o-00024-00006096-00006302 changed because i'm currently wearing
N6f1qzHYM4o-00025-00006303-00006906 you know my work outfit um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00026-00006908-00007278 [Music]
N6f1qzHYM4o-00027-00007279-00007631 okay guys so the wig is off
N6f1qzHYM4o-00028-00007631-00008023 the wig is off so now i can go ahead and
N6f1qzHYM4o-00029-00008023-00008367 basically just wash my face okay guys i
N6f1qzHYM4o-00030-00008368-00008599 have washed my face just so you can see
N6f1qzHYM4o-00031-00008600-00008839 here i haven't added any cream or lotion
N6f1qzHYM4o-00032-00008840-00009014 or anything like that so this is what my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00033-00009015-00009278 face looks like after it's been washed
N6f1qzHYM4o-00034-00009279-00009574 now i also changed my clothes into
N6f1qzHYM4o-00035-00009575-00009774 something a bit more comfortable i just
N6f1qzHYM4o-00036-00009775-00009967 added a bit of vaseline to my lips so i
N6f1qzHYM4o-00037-00009968-00010142 don't come to you guys with some ashy
N6f1qzHYM4o-00038-00010143-00010471 looking lips so yeah now the reason why
N6f1qzHYM4o-00039-00010472-00010646 i didn't add any cream or anything like
N6f1qzHYM4o-00040-00010647-00010967 that is because i want to do a mask
N6f1qzHYM4o-00041-00010968-00011278 so i'm using um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00042-00011279-00011503 what's this called again
N6f1qzHYM4o-00043-00011504-00011767 uh bentonite clay yeah i'll be using
N6f1qzHYM4o-00044-00011768-00012046 that and then i've got myself a lemon so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00045-00012047-00012319 i'm just gonna squeeze that into this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00046-00012320-00012455 essentially
N6f1qzHYM4o-00047-00012456-00012695 and combine it and basically apply it to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00048-00012696-00012951 my hair my hair
N6f1qzHYM4o-00049-00012952-00013175 applied to my face um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00050-00013176-00013303 while i
N6f1qzHYM4o-00051-00013304-00013543 sort of moisturize my hair
N6f1qzHYM4o-00052-00013544-00013775 and as well but i'll show you everything
N6f1qzHYM4o-00053-00013776-00014335 pretty much
N6f1qzHYM4o-00054-00014336-00014647 oh my goodness like who is this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00055-00014647-00014838 like who is this i just look so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00056-00014840-00015094 different it's so weird essentially
N6f1qzHYM4o-00057-00015095-00015319 while this is working i'm gonna go ahead
N6f1qzHYM4o-00058-00015319-00015550 and moisturize my hair i'm using
N6f1qzHYM4o-00059-00015551-00015815 essentially to moisturize aloe vera
N6f1qzHYM4o-00060-00015816-00016303 um freshly made aloe vera gel um so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00061-00016304-00016479 yeah i'm just going to go ahead and
N6f1qzHYM4o-00062-00016480-00016735 spray this on my hair i'm just going to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00063-00016736-00017119 spray that to my roots
N6f1qzHYM4o-00064-00017120-00017471 you know just to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00065-00017472-00017822 keep my scalp nice and moisturized and
N6f1qzHYM4o-00066-00017823-00018103 healthy
N6f1qzHYM4o-00067-00018104-00018303 so typically i would do this like twice
N6f1qzHYM4o-00068-00018304-00018543 a week you know moisturize my hair twice
N6f1qzHYM4o-00069-00018544-00018647 a week
N6f1qzHYM4o-00070-00018648-00018919 um like i always say in my videos guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00071-00018920-00019111 if you've got more time
N6f1qzHYM4o-00072-00019112-00019367 please do it often it's so good it's
N6f1qzHYM4o-00073-00019368-00019583 definitely beneficial to moisturize your
N6f1qzHYM4o-00074-00019584-00019919 hair as often as possible using some
N6f1qzHYM4o-00075-00019920-00020183 great great ingredients because trust me
N6f1qzHYM4o-00076-00020184-00020391 makes a whole lot of a difference
N6f1qzHYM4o-00077-00020392-00020639 so i have finished it guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00078-00020640-00020830 what i had in my bottle is completely
N6f1qzHYM4o-00079-00020831-00020927 finished
N6f1qzHYM4o-00080-00020928-00021083 um so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00081-00021084-00021335 yeah that's basically what i do and then
N6f1qzHYM4o-00082-00021336-00021614 i'll take my time and massage my scalp
N6f1qzHYM4o-00083-00021615-00021743 guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00084-00021744-00021950 like i always tell you massage that
N6f1qzHYM4o-00085-00021951-00022191 scalp trust me
N6f1qzHYM4o-00086-00022192-00022399 you want to massage your scalp like it's
N6f1qzHYM4o-00087-00022400-00022591 literally the best thing you can do for
N6f1qzHYM4o-00088-00022592-00022855 your hair so now i'm going to use again
N6f1qzHYM4o-00089-00022856-00023191 one of my diy oil i have showed you guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00090-00023192-00023439 basically how i make this so i'm just
N6f1qzHYM4o-00091-00023440-00023750 going to go ahead and just apply that to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00092-00023751-00024183 this bit stick a little bit of the oil
N6f1qzHYM4o-00093-00024184-00024375 and just
N6f1qzHYM4o-00094-00024376-00024575 apply a little bit of that i don't go
N6f1qzHYM4o-00095-00024576-00024822 with too much oil because i don't like
N6f1qzHYM4o-00096-00024823-00025078 too much oil mascara guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00097-00025079-00025303 um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00098-00025304-00025503 too much on your scalp also can be
N6f1qzHYM4o-00099-00025504-00025822 detrimental to highway so you don't want
N6f1qzHYM4o-00100-00025823-00025990 too much of that
N6f1qzHYM4o-00101-00025991-00026214 i remember growing up we used to have
N6f1qzHYM4o-00102-00026216-00026423 too much oil in our hair because we
N6f1qzHYM4o-00103-00026424-00026679 didn't know like how to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00104-00026680-00026879 moisturize the hair we thought oil was a
N6f1qzHYM4o-00105-00026880-00027070 moisturizer
N6f1qzHYM4o-00106-00027072-00027327 let me know if if you did that as well
N6f1qzHYM4o-00107-00027327-00027495 if your parents did that to you like
N6f1qzHYM4o-00108-00027495-00027614 growing up
N6f1qzHYM4o-00109-00027616-00027823 pouring so much oil in your hair
N6f1qzHYM4o-00110-00027824-00027958 thinking that that's what was going to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00111-00027960-00028183 keep it soft and i remember as my mom
N6f1qzHYM4o-00112-00028183-00028414 was poor it's just like your hair is so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00113-00028416-00028607 hard
N6f1qzHYM4o-00114-00028608-00028743 seriously
N6f1qzHYM4o-00115-00028744-00029007 oh bless her it's like your hair is so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00116-00029008-00029302 hard it needs a lot of oil
N6f1qzHYM4o-00117-00029304-00029607 oh my goodness say i'm back from washing
N6f1qzHYM4o-00118-00029608-00029823 my face like this is what my face looks
N6f1qzHYM4o-00119-00029824-00030127 like after i wash my mask off
N6f1qzHYM4o-00120-00030127-00030287 um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00121-00030288-00030583 yeah so i'm kind of ready to just apply
N6f1qzHYM4o-00122-00030583-00030670 my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00123-00030672-00030783 um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00124-00030783-00031111 serum or nighttime zero so what i will
N6f1qzHYM4o-00125-00031112-00031374 be using today is from a company called
N6f1qzHYM4o-00126-00031375-00031558 golden lavish
N6f1qzHYM4o-00127-00031560-00031895 um so they sent me this amazing
N6f1qzHYM4o-00128-00031895-00032239 amazing amazing package um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00129-00032239-00032455 and basically says hello and what you've
N6f1qzHYM4o-00130-00032456-00032687 been waiting for i think this is so cute
N6f1qzHYM4o-00131-00032688-00033031 and inside it's got a little card
N6f1qzHYM4o-00132-00033032-00033255 um basically a thank you card come on
N6f1qzHYM4o-00133-00033256-00033599 camera focus yes it's got a tanky card
N6f1qzHYM4o-00134-00033600-00033951 this is what it comes in
N6f1qzHYM4o-00135-00033952-00034143 and i'm just going to be unboxing it for
N6f1qzHYM4o-00136-00034144-00034383 you guys in this video
N6f1qzHYM4o-00137-00034384-00034535 um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00138-00034536-00034751 just so we can sort of
N6f1qzHYM4o-00139-00034752-00035262 see what it looks like together
N6f1qzHYM4o-00140-00035263-00035351 oh
N6f1qzHYM4o-00141-00035352-00035615 i love love love the packaging like look
N6f1qzHYM4o-00142-00035616-00035959 at this guys it's so cute
N6f1qzHYM4o-00143-00035960-00036199 oh my gosh my camera i don't know what
N6f1qzHYM4o-00144-00036200-00036279 it's
N6f1qzHYM4o-00145-00036280-00036567 doing one second people hey okay so this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00146-00036568-00036735 is what the packaging looks like i had
N6f1qzHYM4o-00147-00036736-00036959 to adjust the lighting of the camera so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00148-00036960-00037135 that you could see i see that a little
N6f1qzHYM4o-00149-00037136-00037255 bit better
N6f1qzHYM4o-00150-00037256-00037487 um so yeah that's what the front of it
N6f1qzHYM4o-00151-00037488-00037767 looks like so it says golden lavish
N6f1qzHYM4o-00152-00037768-00038079 organic facial serum
N6f1qzHYM4o-00153-00038080-00038287 why am i not in focus
N6f1qzHYM4o-00154-00038288-00038599 he says organic fish is serum and then
N6f1qzHYM4o-00155-00038600-00038951 he says smooth flawless skin and this is
N6f1qzHYM4o-00156-00038952-00039079 40 ml
N6f1qzHYM4o-00157-00039080-00039295 and then at the back it basically says
N6f1qzHYM4o-00158-00039296-00039439 anti-blemish
N6f1qzHYM4o-00159-00039440-00039846 anti-wrinkle and anti-aging multi-use
N6f1qzHYM4o-00160-00039847-00040111 facial serum i think is absolutely
N6f1qzHYM4o-00161-00040112-00040390 fantastic it has lots of vitamins in it
N6f1qzHYM4o-00162-00040391-00040639 vitamin a b c e
N6f1qzHYM4o-00163-00040640-00040855 beta carotene
N6f1qzHYM4o-00164-00040856-00041039 linoleum
N6f1qzHYM4o-00165-00041040-00041367 linoleic acid it's got tannins
N6f1qzHYM4o-00166-00041368-00041639 flavonoids and natural
N6f1qzHYM4o-00167-00041640-00041943 retinol agents i don't know if i said
N6f1qzHYM4o-00168-00041944-00042215 that right natural retinol agents this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00169-00042216-00042558 is for fine lines acne wrinkles
N6f1qzHYM4o-00170-00042559-00042718 hyperpigmentation
N6f1qzHYM4o-00171-00042719-00043055 and scars it says it reverses sun damage
N6f1qzHYM4o-00172-00043056-00043367 it reduces skin redness it will store
N6f1qzHYM4o-00173-00043368-00043615 natural complexion which is absolutely
N6f1qzHYM4o-00174-00043616-00043935 fantastic it cleanses hydrates
N6f1qzHYM4o-00175-00043936-00044230 moisturizes and rejuvenates your skin
N6f1qzHYM4o-00176-00044231-00044590 like oh this sounds so so good and so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00177-00044591-00044783 basically yeah it says it delivers a
N6f1qzHYM4o-00178-00044784-00045018 really long lasting 24 hours the
N6f1qzHYM4o-00179-00045019-00045183 moisturization
N6f1qzHYM4o-00180-00045184-00045446 is formulated with antioxidant anti
N6f1qzHYM4o-00181-00045447-00045735 microbial agents to improve the overall
N6f1qzHYM4o-00182-00045736-00045846 skin
N6f1qzHYM4o-00183-00045847-00046127 to improve overall skin appearance
N6f1qzHYM4o-00184-00046128-00046423 naturally compacted with vitamins to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00185-00046424-00046630 regenerate damaged skin cells while
N6f1qzHYM4o-00186-00046631-00046886 protecting the skin from some cancer so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00187-00046887-00047111 yeah it's definitely oh it's just it's
N6f1qzHYM4o-00188-00047112-00047318 just so good and basically all the
N6f1qzHYM4o-00189-00047319-00047639 ingredients that this has got are pure
N6f1qzHYM4o-00190-00047640-00047830 and natural and these are stuff that you
N6f1qzHYM4o-00191-00047831-00047951 know guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00192-00047952-00048167 nothing that's you know has been made in
N6f1qzHYM4o-00193-00048168-00048407 the lab basically the ingredients
N6f1qzHYM4o-00194-00048408-00048655 consist 100 pure
N6f1qzHYM4o-00195-00048656-00048943 unrefined organic oil so it's just full
N6f1qzHYM4o-00196-00048944-00049295 of great oils so things like grapeseed
N6f1qzHYM4o-00197-00049296-00049646 oil sunflower seed carrot seed oil
N6f1qzHYM4o-00198-00049647-00049918 vitamin e or your sweet almond or your
N6f1qzHYM4o-00199-00049919-00050135 extra virgin olive
N6f1qzHYM4o-00200-00050136-00050543 no extra virgin oil a apricot oil morgan
N6f1qzHYM4o-00201-00050544-00050799 argan oil avocado oil
N6f1qzHYM4o-00202-00050800-00051030 rose hip or your sea
N6f1qzHYM4o-00203-00051031-00051375 buckthorn or your white crafted sea mask
N6f1qzHYM4o-00204-00051376-00051614 oh my god like it's got cmos in this as
N6f1qzHYM4o-00205-00051615-00051694 well
N6f1qzHYM4o-00206-00051695-00051870 raspberry
N6f1qzHYM4o-00207-00051871-00052326 seed oil kiwi not oil cucumber seed oil
N6f1qzHYM4o-00208-00052327-00052542 black cumin seed oil
N6f1qzHYM4o-00209-00052544-00052759 basically it's got some amazing stuff i
N6f1qzHYM4o-00210-00052760-00053079 mean nothing in here that you don't know
N6f1qzHYM4o-00211-00053079-00053303 about like it's just made of natural
N6f1qzHYM4o-00212-00053304-00053479 great ingredients that will certainly
N6f1qzHYM4o-00213-00053479-00053703 help get your skin on point i'm actually
N6f1qzHYM4o-00214-00053704-00053942 so excited to try this out so i'm just
N6f1qzHYM4o-00215-00053944-00054399 gonna sort of open up the package
N6f1qzHYM4o-00216-00054400-00054519 and
N6f1qzHYM4o-00217-00054520-00054694 oh
N6f1qzHYM4o-00218-00054695-00054903 look at this guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00219-00054904-00055175 this is what it looks like oh my god
N6f1qzHYM4o-00220-00055176-00055519 that's beautiful golden lavish
N6f1qzHYM4o-00221-00055520-00055894 this is beautiful oh my god
N6f1qzHYM4o-00222-00055895-00056335 oh my god like look at this guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00223-00056336-00056438 wow
N6f1qzHYM4o-00224-00056439-00056742 very beautifully made
N6f1qzHYM4o-00225-00056744-00056991 i love this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00226-00056991-00057247 can't wait to get this on my skin
N6f1qzHYM4o-00227-00057248-00057703 that's definitely looking amazing
N6f1qzHYM4o-00228-00057704-00057982 wow look at that
N6f1qzHYM4o-00229-00057983-00058350 oh this is cute and in here it's got
N6f1qzHYM4o-00230-00058351-00058526 cmos i don't know if you guys can
N6f1qzHYM4o-00231-00058527-00058726 actually see this i don't know if my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00232-00058727-00058991 camera is actually doing it justice can
N6f1qzHYM4o-00233-00058991-00059311 you see the little strikes of cmos in
N6f1qzHYM4o-00234-00059312-00059694 there so yeah like oh my god this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00235-00059695-00059879 this is actually amazing like it doesn't
N6f1qzHYM4o-00236-00059879-00060230 look so good and really really luxurious
N6f1qzHYM4o-00237-00060232-00060471 um so yeah i can't wait to try this on
N6f1qzHYM4o-00238-00060472-00060823 my skin so let's go ahead and try it on
N6f1qzHYM4o-00239-00060824-00060999 so i'll be using that basically just to
N6f1qzHYM4o-00240-00061000-00061215 moisturize my skin guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00241-00061216-00061423 basically what it says is apply small
N6f1qzHYM4o-00242-00061424-00061663 amount over freshly clean areas that
N6f1qzHYM4o-00243-00061664-00061966 need improvement it says for best result
N6f1qzHYM4o-00244-00061967-00062254 use morning and night so it's only for
N6f1qzHYM4o-00245-00062255-00062487 external use guys so don't put this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00246-00062488-00062679 where you're not supposed to put it okay
N6f1qzHYM4o-00247-00062679-00062911 um just external use so i'm gonna go
N6f1qzHYM4o-00248-00062912-00063447 ahead and take a little bit of that and
N6f1qzHYM4o-00249-00063448-00063647 essentially
N6f1qzHYM4o-00250-00063648-00064006 just put it on my skin baby
N6f1qzHYM4o-00251-00064007-00064182 you know
N6f1qzHYM4o-00252-00064183-00064423 just gotta keep that
N6f1qzHYM4o-00253-00064424-00064966 skin moisturized
N6f1qzHYM4o-00254-00064967-00065350 wow it smells oh look at that guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00255-00065351-00065454 it looks
N6f1qzHYM4o-00256-00065455-00065750 it feels so nice to this skin as well
N6f1qzHYM4o-00257-00065751-00065943 wow
N6f1qzHYM4o-00258-00065944-00067326 it feels really fantastic
N6f1qzHYM4o-00259-00067327-00067599 so you don't actually need a lot
N6f1qzHYM4o-00260-00067600-00067887 a little goes a very long way just like
N6f1qzHYM4o-00261-00067888-00068094 you can see here
N6f1qzHYM4o-00262-00068095-00068455 literally wow look at that glow
N6f1qzHYM4o-00263-00068456-00068682 look at that glow
N6f1qzHYM4o-00264-00068683-00069175 baby this feels so good literally feels
N6f1qzHYM4o-00265-00069176-00069463 so good
N6f1qzHYM4o-00266-00069464-00069815 wow i'm in love with this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00267-00069816-00070119 yeah i'm gonna definitely be using this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00268-00070120-00070399 from now on
N6f1qzHYM4o-00269-00070400-00070703 just to see if it actually helps me
N6f1qzHYM4o-00270-00070704-00070943 clear these blemishes because i do have
N6f1qzHYM4o-00271-00070944-00071135 some blemishes guys my skin has been
N6f1qzHYM4o-00272-00071136-00071247 suffering
N6f1qzHYM4o-00273-00071248-00071423 um because of
N6f1qzHYM4o-00274-00071424-00071655 overworking myself being a bit stressed
N6f1qzHYM4o-00275-00071656-00071791 sometimes
N6f1qzHYM4o-00276-00071792-00072079 but hey we're about to get this skin on
N6f1qzHYM4o-00277-00072080-00072175 point
N6f1qzHYM4o-00278-00072176-00072423 i just love how this feels on my skin
N6f1qzHYM4o-00279-00072424-00072719 like my skin doesn't feel greasy at all
N6f1qzHYM4o-00280-00072720-00072911 i don't usually get that greasy feeling
N6f1qzHYM4o-00281-00072912-00073150 every time i use coconut oil on my face
N6f1qzHYM4o-00282-00073151-00073382 like i just hate it so much but this one
N6f1qzHYM4o-00283-00073383-00073606 doesn't actually give you that feel um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00284-00073607-00073838 yeah it leaves your skin really nice and
N6f1qzHYM4o-00285-00073839-00074126 soft and really moisturized and it gives
N6f1qzHYM4o-00286-00074127-00074350 you that nice natural glow which is
N6f1qzHYM4o-00287-00074351-00074599 absolutely amazing i'm so in love with
N6f1qzHYM4o-00288-00074600-00074887 this and definitely will be using it
N6f1qzHYM4o-00289-00074888-00075126 this will be replacing my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00290-00075127-00075399 night cream that i'm currently using um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00291-00075400-00075535 because i want to get rid of these
N6f1qzHYM4o-00292-00075536-00075743 blemishes guys i really do want to get
N6f1qzHYM4o-00293-00075744-00075975 rid of these this kind of my face is not
N6f1qzHYM4o-00294-00075976-00076182 too bad but yeah this is where most of
N6f1qzHYM4o-00295-00076183-00076431 the problem is so i definitely will be
N6f1qzHYM4o-00296-00076432-00076711 replacing that with this because it just
N6f1qzHYM4o-00297-00076712-00076982 seems so so good and i just love the
N6f1qzHYM4o-00298-00076983-00077231 design who doesn't love a good packaging
N6f1qzHYM4o-00299-00077232-00077326 i do
N6f1qzHYM4o-00300-00077327-00077575 and i know you do too it just looks so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00301-00077576-00077775 beautiful and really luxurious and it
N6f1qzHYM4o-00302-00077776-00077943 will fit really well
N6f1qzHYM4o-00303-00077944-00078047 in your
N6f1qzHYM4o-00304-00078048-00078343 skincare routine or skincare products or
N6f1qzHYM4o-00305-00078344-00078550 whatever so excited try this and it's
N6f1qzHYM4o-00306-00078551-00078791 all full of natural ingredients you guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00307-00078792-00079023 know i'm all for natural stuff like
N6f1qzHYM4o-00308-00079024-00079262 literally this is the bomb seems like
N6f1qzHYM4o-00309-00079263-00079423 it's gonna last me a very long time
N6f1qzHYM4o-00310-00079424-00079662 because you don't need a lot just like a
N6f1qzHYM4o-00311-00079663-00079903 little bit goes a very long way which is
N6f1qzHYM4o-00312-00079904-00080047 absolutely amazing
N6f1qzHYM4o-00313-00080048-00080238 so this is my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00314-00080239-00080503 nighttime routine guys so at this point
N6f1qzHYM4o-00315-00080504-00080926 i have finished hair is moisturized
N6f1qzHYM4o-00316-00080927-00081047 and
N6f1qzHYM4o-00317-00081048-00081343 looking good and skin as well has been
N6f1qzHYM4o-00318-00081344-00081694 definitely taken care of um so yeah i do
N6f1qzHYM4o-00319-00081695-00081967 hope you've enjoyed watching today's
N6f1qzHYM4o-00320-00081968-00082079 video
N6f1qzHYM4o-00321-00082080-00082279 everything that you need to know about
N6f1qzHYM4o-00322-00082280-00082462 gordon lavish will be linked in my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00323-00082463-00082682 description box the links to this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00324-00082683-00082959 particular series will be linked as well
N6f1qzHYM4o-00325-00082960-00083199 their website will be linked so be sure
N6f1qzHYM4o-00326-00083200-00083399 to check my description box guys and i
N6f1qzHYM4o-00327-00083400-00083559 will definitely recommend that you do
N6f1qzHYM4o-00328-00083560-00083831 purchase yours just so you can certainly
N6f1qzHYM4o-00329-00083832-00084031 um try it out because it's just all
N6f1qzHYM4o-00330-00084032-00084255 natural all natural stuff like how
N6f1qzHYM4o-00331-00084256-00084575 amazing is that and yeah and we all know
N6f1qzHYM4o-00332-00084576-00084847 the benefits of these oils that they've
N6f1qzHYM4o-00333-00084848-00085118 got in it um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00334-00085119-00085343 i just i just think it's great so
N6f1qzHYM4o-00335-00085344-00085479 definitely be sure to check my
N6f1qzHYM4o-00336-00085480-00085638 description box
N6f1qzHYM4o-00337-00085639-00085926 and go ahead and purchase yours guys
N6f1qzHYM4o-00338-00085927-00086079 and um
N6f1qzHYM4o-00339-00086080-00086343 yeah so let me know if you have any
N6f1qzHYM4o-00340-00086344-00086535 questions in the comment section down
N6f1qzHYM4o-00341-00086536-00086767 below let me know if you like this kind
N6f1qzHYM4o-00342-00086768-00087047 of videos and because if you do i can
N6f1qzHYM4o-00343-00087048-00087287 definitely make more videos like this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00344-00087288-00087503 also guys don't forget to thumbs up this
N6f1qzHYM4o-00345-00087504-00087711 video it's very important if you liked
N6f1qzHYM4o-00346-00087712-00087935 it give it a thumbs up subscribe if
N6f1qzHYM4o-00347-00087936-00088111 you're not already and i'll catch you in
N6f1qzHYM4o-00348-00088112-00088556 my next video bye
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00000-00000456-00000671 in need of a coffee table i'll keep you
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00001-00000672-00000862 in mind definitely i love it very much
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00002-00000863-00001374 very nice you dig this
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00003-00001375-00001491 thank you very
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00004-00001492-00001687 much it
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00005-00001688-00001942 no we're good thank you no i i'm on a
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00006-00001943-00002142 very limited budget so
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00007-00002143-00002287 thank you very much
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00008-00002288-00002623 very nice thank you thank you thank you
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00009-00002624-00002750 okay
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00010-00002751-00002991 but it is very beautiful very incredible
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00011-00002992-00003238 so please come here yeah it tells me
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00012-00003239-00003479 inside the store room these are very
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00013-00003479-00003622 beautiful
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00014-00003623-00004854 very beautiful
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00015-00004855-00005206 hello thank you for watching
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00016-00005207-00005422 i'm inside the store room they're very
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00017-00005423-00005618 costly
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00018-00005619-00005806 [Music]
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00019-00005807-00006031 are the plates
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00020-00006032-00006270 for export
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00021-00006271-00006527 and all
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00022-00006528-00006775 they are sold
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00023-00006776-00006887 for
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00024-00006888-00007981 especially for foreign
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00025-00007981-00009250 [Music]
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00026-00009251-00010591 [Music]
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00027-00010592-00010814 yeah yeah but i'm saying i think that
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00028-00010815-00010967 this is where i bought those elephant
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00029-00010968-00011191 coasters because they look just like
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00030-00011192-00011414 that only they were an elephant had an
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00031-00011415-00011751 elephant on it i think so
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00032-00011752-00012014 if not they're very similar
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00033-00012015-00012135 yeah
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00034-00012136-00012246 yes
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00035-00012247-00013919 very nice
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00036-00013919-00014215 all right yeah okay thousand a piece
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00037-00014216-00014399 well two thousand yeah no no thank you
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00038-00014400-00014615 no thank you we'll come back later on
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00039-00014616-00014766 for banks
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00040-00014768-00014935 are you leaving us here are you walking
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00041-00014936-00015055 us out i don't know i'm going with you
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00042-00015056-00015327 okay okay all right
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00043-00015328-00015415 oh yeah
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00044-00015416-00015503 yeah
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00045-00015504-00015886 yeah this is what i have this is it yes
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00046-00015887-00016030 yes
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00047-00016031-00016263 yes that's it
Nq6M-cKXLEU-00048-00016263-00016587 very nice
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00000-00000029-00000340 in my previous video I described what
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00001-00000341-00000521 the radiance Citadel was in the first
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00002-00000522-00000676 four Adventures found within Journey
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00003-00000677-00000904 Through the radiant Citadel in this
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00004-00000905-00001061 video I will go over the next four
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00005-00001062-00001295 Adventures I'll try to go over as much
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00006-00001296-00001504 detail as I can but do note that I won't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00007-00001505-00001673 cover absolutely everything because
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00008-00001673-00001948 these Adventures do go quite in depth if
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00009-00001950-00002092 you haven't seen my part 1 of this video
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00010-00002093-00002267 I'll link it in the description to check
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00011-00002268-00002489 it out nothing in there is really needed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00012-00002490-00002615 to watch this video but if you're
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00013-00002616-00002747 curious about the first four Adventures
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00014-00002748-00002987 they'll be there with that let us
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00015-00002988-00003125 continue with Journeys through the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00016-00003126-00003509 radiant Citadel part 2.
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00017-00003510-00004019 chapter 5 sins of our elders
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00018-00004020-00004217 your adventure begins at the curving
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00019-00004218-00004577 walls of ginito Atop The Walls tall
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00020-00004578-00004817 colorful flags and ribbons flutter from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00021-00004818-00004919 Holes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00022-00004920-00005213 Traders guards and workers come and go
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00023-00005214-00005422 through a grand gate passing from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00024-00005423-00005633 surrounding farmlands into the Maze of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00025-00005634-00005825 graceful structures Beyond
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00026-00005826-00006088 inito is a city known for its citizens
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00027-00006089-00006317 familial loyalty and reverence for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00028-00006318-00006563 tradition as well as for its ancestral
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00029-00006564-00006863 Spirits humans and Dragonborn are the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00030-00006864-00007145 most populous folk in unido humans from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00031-00007145-00007367 unido are primarily dark-haired and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00032-00007368-00007619 dark-eyed and Dragonborn have colorings
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00033-00007620-00007864 based on their bloodlines most commonly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00034-00007865-00008207 red or blue green scales as you watch a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00035-00008208-00008477 pale Miss rises from within the city the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00036-00008478-00008674 fog emanating from within yanito
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00037-00008675-00008939 encompasses the city lightly obscuring
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00038-00008940-00009160 every street and building including the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00039-00009161-00009281 Interiors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00040-00009282-00009527 you realize that this fog is unnatural
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00041-00009528-00009719 and emanates in Aura of Enchantment
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00042-00009720-00009821 Magic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00043-00009822-00010031 as you're near The City Gate you notice
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00044-00010032-00010199 the guards and other Travelers are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00045-00010200-00010409 bewildered by the strange weather but do
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00046-00010410-00010619 their best to try to ignore it when
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00047-00010620-00010877 asked about the fog locals say they've
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00048-00010878-00011081 never seen anything like this
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00049-00011082-00011309 soon after you arrive at the gate three
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00050-00011310-00011537 hostile gargoyles swoop down to Menace
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00051-00011538-00011788 the people nearby the Gargoyles all
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00052-00011789-00011969 resemble the same Fierce looking woman
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00053-00011970-00012245 with a mouth full of fangs claw-like
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00054-00012246-00012503 nails and feathered wings
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00055-00012504-00012737 two guards cover the retreat of panic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00056-00012738-00012952 locals as the Gargoyles attack Traders
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00057-00012953-00013235 wagons or anything that threatens them
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00058-00013236-00013480 the Gargoyles fight until destroyed and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00059-00013481-00013666 they dissipate into mist when defeated
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00060-00013668-00013972 leaving no remains behind the fog
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00061-00013973-00014201 covering the area vanishes soon after
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00062-00014202-00014507 the Gargoyles appear as the fog Fades
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00063-00014508-00014747 the guards and other locals menaced by
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00064-00014747-00014975 the gargoyles look momentarily perplexed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00065-00014976-00015179 by where they are in any damage that's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00066-00015180-00015425 been done around them then they
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00067-00015426-00015611 stoically go about their business again
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00068-00015612-00015815 as if nothing had happened
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00069-00015816-00016079 when you ask them about the fog the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00070-00016080-00016288 monsters or other occurrences within the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00071-00016290-00016613 fog they react with bewilderment casting
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00072-00016614-00016835 the detect magic spells reveals that the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00073-00016836-00017057 locals in fact almost all the creatures
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00074-00017058-00017297 in the city radiate in Aura enchantment
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00075-00017298-00017405 Magic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00076-00017406-00017705 there is one exception to this
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00077-00017706-00017939 as you question the nearby people a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00078-00017940-00018215 local magistrate notices you an official
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00079-00018216-00018383 wearing a red and blue outfit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00080-00018384-00018586 embroidered with Phoenix Designs
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00081-00018587-00018749 approaches you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00082-00018750-00019025 I apologize for my impertinence they say
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00083-00019026-00019313 but I have an odd question to ask
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00084-00019314-00019517 have you just suffered an unusual
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00085-00019518-00019685 experience
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00086-00019686-00019925 they introduced themselves as Kun on
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00087-00019926-00020183 June you can sense that this magistrate
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00088-00020184-00020386 is the only person who doesn't have the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00089-00020387-00020579 aura of magic around them
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00090-00020580-00020819 on June is quietly distraught about the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00091-00020820-00021017 events affecting yanito
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00092-00021018-00021179 they can't make sense of what's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00093-00021180-00021358 happening and fear their suffering
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00094-00021359-00021550 Visions or worse
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00095-00021551-00021725 noting how you've been able to witness
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00096-00021726-00022000 the fog and creatures within it on June
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00097-00022001-00022175 is relieved and shares with you some
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00098-00022176-00022457 information no one else in the city has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00099-00022458-00022643 seen the fog but has been rising and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00100-00022644-00022853 falling multiple times every day for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00101-00022854-00023158 weeks the fog used to occur only every
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00102-00023159-00023375 now and then but has been growing more
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00103-00023376-00023483 frequent
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00104-00023484-00023699 on June has tried to tell people about
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00105-00023700-00023944 it but has always ignored
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00106-00023945-00024167 strange monsters have slain people in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00107-00024168-00024377 the fog those who've witnessed the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00108-00024378-00024563 tragedies are shocked Anew by the sight
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00109-00024564-00024827 of bodies when the fog dissipates
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00110-00024828-00024971 the deaths are always considered
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00111-00024972-00025192 accidents or bizarre but isolated
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00112-00025193-00025349 incidents
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00113-00025350-00025553 on June I ask you to help them uncover
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00114-00025554-00025739 what mysterious magic is afflicting your
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00115-00025739-00025972 Nito and Promises to inform the city's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00116-00025973-00026152 rulers of your service
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00117-00026154-00026362 you agree to assist them in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00118-00026363-00026531 magistrate notes three location you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00119-00026532-00026783 should investigate the construction site
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00120-00026783-00027011 located in the tiger District outside
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00121-00027012-00027245 the city's walls has suffered numerous
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00122-00027245-00027490 attacks and unexplained setbacks
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00123-00027491-00027707 the park of Elders in the Hayti district
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00124-00027708-00028024 has also seen several attacks as well
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00125-00028025-00028264 the city's oldest tea shop located in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00126-00028266-00028445 the Phoenix district has found two
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00127-00028445-00028696 Nobles wounded and nearly dead outside
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00128-00028697-00029027 only a few days ago with locations in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00129-00029027-00029249 mind you set off into the City and begin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00130-00029250-00029440 your investigation
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00131-00029441-00029699 through your time exploring yanito you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00132-00029700-00029873 learn of the many customs of the city
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00133-00029874-00030118 you NATO's people are expected to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00134-00030119-00030305 present a brave face regardless of what
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00135-00030306-00030520 hardships they're facing personally
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00136-00030522-00030712 talking about another's person's mishap
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00137-00030713-00030917 in public brings great shame to that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00138-00030918-00031037 person
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00139-00031038-00031217 to be good neighbors people don't speak
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00140-00031218-00031474 openly about others troubles residents
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00141-00031475-00031667 of unido readily assist their neighbors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00142-00031668-00031870 and help out one another if asked but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00143-00031872-00032081 also go to Great Lengths to ignore or
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00144-00032082-00032320 plausibly not see things that might be
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00145-00032322-00032620 embarrassing to others lastly to speak
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00146-00032622-00032945 ill of the royal family particularly the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00147-00032946-00033221 popular Queen jinmi is to betray a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00148-00033222-00033371 profound Trust
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00149-00033372-00033605 you eventually decide to investigate the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00150-00033606-00033929 construction site the tiger District the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00151-00033930-00034145 tiger district is a relatively new part
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00152-00034146-00034337 of the city and is still undergoing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00153-00034338-00034595 construction particularly along the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00154-00034596-00034793 forest is stretch being cleared to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00155-00034794-00034861 Northwest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00156-00034862-00035135 when you visit the area near the forest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00157-00035136-00035345 you find a large construction site full
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00158-00035346-00035585 of scaffolding and Equipment shortly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00159-00035586-00035855 after you arrive overseer Huang Zhong
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00160-00035856-00036083 soon the official in charge of the site
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00161-00036084-00036318 approaches you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00162-00036319-00036629 is friendly and speaks evenly but she's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00163-00036630-00036845 frustrated by her sight setback and is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00164-00036846-00037096 protective of her workers she wants to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00165-00037097-00037289 know what your business is and asks you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00166-00037290-00037468 to leave if you are simply sightseeing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00167-00037469-00037709 seeing your weapons however she becomes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00168-00037710-00037877 hopeful that you've been hired by the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00169-00037878-00038051 magistrates to investigate the recent
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00170-00038052-00038285 accidents at the site you inform her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00171-00038286-00038483 that you are and question her about the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00172-00038484-00038693 strange events that have been occurring
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00173-00038694-00038902 Jung soon doesn't know anything about
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00174-00038903-00039155 the fog strange events or attacks on the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00175-00039156-00039365 camp however you sense that she's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00176-00039366-00039611 holding back something in her response
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00177-00039612-00039821 things such as finding dents on her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00178-00039822-00039983 weapons or personally suffering
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00179-00039984-00040229 unexplainable wounds at random her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00180-00040230-00040511 laborers are in constant fear they think
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00181-00040512-00040679 some creature or gang is trying to harm
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00182-00040680-00040901 them no one's seen anything but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00183-00040902-00041152 accidents and sabotage are common she's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00184-00041153-00041333 frustrated with the city's magistrates
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00185-00041334-00041543 believing they're failing to protect her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00186-00041544-00041777 people dangerous animals live in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00187-00041778-00042052 nearby Forest particularly tigers and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00188-00042053-00042257 she has guards to keep such threats at
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00189-00042258-00042521 Bay regardless she doesn't think animals
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00190-00042522-00042671 are to blame for the danger around the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00191-00042672-00042935 work site she believes it's most likely
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00192-00042936-00043199 sabotage during the conversation with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00193-00043200-00043433 Jung soon you notice a fog drifting into
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00194-00043434-00043630 the work site from the southeast
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00195-00043631-00043871 soon the worksite is lightly obscured by
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00196-00043872-00044146 the fog a moment after the fog Rises
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00197-00044147-00044417 four tigers appear from the direction of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00198-00044418-00044524 the forest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00199-00044525-00044758 these hostile tigers are 12 feet long
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00200-00044759-00045023 and have blue tinged fur the site's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00201-00045024-00045227 workers and hired guards flee upon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00202-00045228-00045473 seeing the Tigers but Jung soon stands
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00203-00045474-00045574 her ground
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00204-00045575-00045779 the two of you fight off against the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00205-00045780-00045958 Tigers and vent them off for as long as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00206-00045959-00046252 you can after a while the Tigers begin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00207-00046253-00046535 to vanish into the Mist one by one
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00208-00046536-00046793 before the last tiger vanishes it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00209-00046794-00046979 Retreats heading toward the forest north
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00210-00046980-00047165 of the construction site
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00211-00047166-00047411 when the battle ends the fog vanishes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00212-00047412-00047723 neither Jung soon nor the workers recall
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00213-00047724-00047915 the fog or the Tigers
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00214-00047916-00048124 you follow the Tiger's path into the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00215-00048125-00048329 forest hoping to find more clues as to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00216-00048330-00048467 what has happened
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00217-00048468-00048785 the path is made of worn muddy Stones it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00218-00048786-00049043 ends at a rocky pedestal bearing a slab
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00219-00049044-00049258 of marble covered in Moss in a simple
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00220-00049259-00049565 stone Lantern a faint blue flame glows
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00221-00049566-00049799 within the lantern you clear the Moss
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00222-00049800-00050033 and reveal an inscription that reads day
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00223-00050034-00050327 one ha Warrior for the people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00224-00050328-00050530 the lantern Bears a magical flame that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00225-00050531-00050818 emits dim light but no heat you notice
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00226-00050819-00050957 that the candle has an aura of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00227-00050958-00051287 invocation magic speaking the name day
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00228-00051288-00051599 one ha the lantern momentarily flares in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00229-00051600-00051701 intensity
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00230-00051702-00051899 you decide to take it with you in part
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00231-00051900-00052090 towards the Phoenix district looking for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00232-00052091-00052235 the tea shop
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00233-00052236-00052444 the oldest area in the city the Phoenix
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00234-00052445-00052691 district is adjacent to the Royal Palace
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00235-00052691-00052979 known as the seat of dragons it is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00236-00052979-00053213 populated exclusively by Nobles in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00237-00053214-00053476 wealthy Elite despite locals not
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00238-00053477-00053704 recollecting the attacks in the area the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00239-00053705-00053897 people know many have been harmed on the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00240-00053898-00054094 street in fear that some gang or murder
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00241-00054095-00054335 is at large the tea shop you are looking
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00242-00054336-00054550 for is famous and is easily found by
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00243-00054551-00054797 asking the nearby people they point you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00244-00054798-00054965 in the direction and you head towards
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00245-00054966-00055121 the tea shop
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00246-00055122-00055361 the oldest tea shop in yanito was simply
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00247-00055362-00055529 called the tea shop when it was built
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00248-00055529-00055738 hundreds of years ago and so it remains
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00249-00055739-00055997 known to this day the shop is decorated
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00250-00055998-00056194 with hundreds of teacups arrayed on
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00251-00056195-00056291 shelves
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00252-00056291-00056525 many cups bear the names of famous past
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00253-00056526-00056794 patrons adventurers Nobles and Royals
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00254-00056795-00057130 the owner a talkative human named bichin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00255-00057132-00057413 hey greets you when you enter chin hey
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00256-00057414-00057599 grows tacturne when asked about the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00257-00057600-00057773 recent attack near his shop or the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00258-00057774-00057953 troubles in the city speaking about
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00259-00057954-00058229 these events only in vague terms he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00260-00058229-00058391 doesn't want the area around his shop to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00261-00058391-00058654 be considered dangerous you try to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00262-00058655-00058913 carefully Prime more information chin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00263-00058914-00059099 hey mentions that the two Nobles
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00264-00059100-00059338 attacked near the shop were named na de
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00265-00059339-00059687 shiam andaju won they often play the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00266-00059688-00060011 game of buttock at the nearby bedok Hall
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00267-00060012-00060197 you thank the tea shop owner and head
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00268-00060198-00060388 towards the buddak hall three blocks
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00269-00060389-00060676 away from chin hai's tea shop at the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00270-00060677-00060935 bedok hall dozens of pairs of players
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00271-00060936-00061144 concentrate at tables covered in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00272-00061145-00061379 circular black and white pieces
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00273-00061379-00061600 you ask around for the two individuals
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00274-00061601-00061780 that were attacked in the attendance
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00275-00061782-00062054 direct you to daesium in Juwan
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00276-00062055-00062166 [Music]
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00277-00062167-00062632 a dwarf man in dajuwon a human woman are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00278-00062633-00062879 in the middle of an intense game they're
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00279-00062879-00063065 not interested in talking at the moment
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00280-00063066-00063292 the pair are happy to talk to you after
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00281-00063294-00063461 their game but it will take three hours
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00282-00063462-00063659 to reach its conclusion
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00283-00063660-00063892 feeling a bit impatient you guide the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00284-00063894-00064109 two and provide strategic tips for the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00285-00064110-00064330 players causing the game to conclude in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00286-00064332-00064432 10 minutes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00287-00064433-00064859 now ready to talk deshim in Zhu one call
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00288-00064860-00065015 for rice wine and tells you the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00289-00065016-00065291 following details during a visit to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00290-00065291-00065573 tea shop after dusk about a week ago de
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00291-00065574-00065794 shiam and Zhu one were both nearly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00292-00065795-00066071 killed they both recall seeing a strange
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00293-00066072-00066269 woman lingering near the shop
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00294-00066270-00066485 the next thing either of them remembered
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00295-00066486-00066671 they were waking up
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00296-00066672-00066923 passerby found them near the shop and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00297-00066924-00067169 summoned a priest to Aid them neither of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00298-00067170-00067355 the Nobles know who the woman was and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00299-00067356-00067565 they have no memory of the fog however
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00300-00067566-00067787 one of the Nobles reluctantly reveals
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00301-00067788-00068017 that they think she was a Guai shin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00302-00068018-00068267 guishin are the spirits of those who are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00303-00068268-00068447 wronged in life and died without
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00304-00068448-00068603 receiving Justice
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00305-00068604-00068837 a question's power grows over time
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00306-00068838-00069047 making it important for these troubled
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00307-00069048-00069263 spirits to be quelt quickly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00308-00069264-00069467 the Nobles don't know why such a spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00309-00069468-00069688 might be lurking around a tea shop but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00310-00069689-00069923 they suspect the proprietor Jin hey
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00311-00069924-00070073 would know
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00312-00070074-00070319 you return to the tea shop and asked Jin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00313-00070320-00070499 hey about the spirit seen around his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00314-00070500-00070738 shop pressing him intently
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00315-00070739-00070979 he has seen a spirit that resembles a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00316-00070980-00071213 long dead but regular customer who was
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00317-00071214-00071555 famous in her time magistrate de wanha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00318-00071556-00071788 he has infrequently glimpsed the spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00319-00071789-00072029 near her shop but also once at the park
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00320-00072030-00072226 of the elders when he was walking home
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00321-00072227-00072382 around midnight
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00322-00072383-00072671 day one ha was an active magistrate and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00323-00072672-00072887 hero of the people responsible for many
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00324-00072888-00073109 social works she was ultimately
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00325-00073110-00073438 overshadowed by the last queen yongsu
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00326-00073439-00073600 chin hey doesn't know what happened to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00327-00073601-00073756 her after that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00328-00073757-00074038 as he explains this he fetches a pair of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00329-00074039-00074303 teacups from the Shelf the cups are a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00330-00074304-00074597 set and bear the names yongji the uncle
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00331-00074598-00074855 of the current Queen and brother of Yang
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00332-00074856-00075059 Soo and won ha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00333-00075060-00075365 as the cup Bears wonha's name is taken
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00334-00075366-00075587 down it glows with a faint blue light
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00335-00075588-00075832 impulses every time the name Wong ha is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00336-00075833-00076061 spoken it also flickers when brought
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00337-00076062-00076319 near the lantern from the tiger District
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00338-00076320-00076576 you asked to borrow the teacups and Jin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00339-00076577-00076775 hey allows you to do so
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00340-00076776-00076973 he also informed you that if you wish to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00341-00076974-00077231 find yongji you can find him at his home
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00342-00077232-00077375 and shows you the directions to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00343-00077376-00077656 youngji's House you thank the man for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00344-00077657-00077849 his time and proceed onwards to the home
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00345-00077850-00078191 of yongji when you arrive four guards at
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00346-00078192-00078412 the gate to Young jee's estate prevents
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00347-00078413-00078544 you from meeting with the nobleman
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00348-00078545-00078773 Uninvited but you convince the guards to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00349-00078774-00079067 let you see yongji they escort you to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00350-00079068-00079223 the estate's gardens
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00351-00079224-00079475 the place is a Serene Sanctuary hidden
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00352-00079476-00079649 from the clamor of the surrounding City
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00353-00079650-00079894 a few moments later an elderly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00354-00079895-00080176 Dragonborn man enters the garden this is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00355-00080177-00080423 yongshi as the uncle of the current
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00356-00080424-00080699 queen jinmi and the brother of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00357-00080700-00081035 previous Queen yongsu yongji is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00358-00081036-00081262 accustomed to wealth and privilege a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00359-00081263-00081461 life spent enjoying his status has made
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00360-00081462-00081688 him charming and personable but also
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00361-00081689-00082006 haughty as he ages however he remembers
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00362-00082007-00082193 the few true friends he once had and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00363-00082194-00082505 regrets how he treated day one huh the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00364-00082506-00082703 elderly dragonborn's red scales aren't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00365-00082704-00082925 as lustrous as they once were and he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00366-00082926-00083182 wears fine silk robes to compensate
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00367-00083183-00083399 you greet the Dragonborn explain to him
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00368-00083400-00083550 your investigation
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00369-00083551-00083826 yongji listens intently when you speak
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00370-00083827-00084161 When you mention daewon ha he's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00371-00084162-00084419 surprised and grows reflective you show
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00372-00084420-00084647 him the Lantern and the teacup he begins
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00373-00084648-00084931 to recount daewon has passed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00374-00084932-00085217 was a brilliant magistrate and hero of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00375-00085218-00085456 the people much of the prosperity and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00376-00085457-00085709 equality yanito now enjoys is due to her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00377-00085710-00085979 work few remember wanha's efforts
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00378-00085980-00086261 attributing them to yongji's Sister the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00379-00086262-00086543 former queen young Soo although the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00380-00086544-00086771 people once honored Juan ha the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00381-00086772-00087031 magistrate died in relative obscurity
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00382-00087032-00087275 yongji reveals that he was personally
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00383-00087276-00087575 responsible for undermining wonha's work
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00384-00087576-00087803 he ended up crediting her success to his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00385-00087804-00088138 sister Queen yongsu he did this not out
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00386-00088139-00088349 of malice but out of Devotion to his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00387-00088350-00088565 family and the crown believing any
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00388-00088566-00088756 individual who the people place above
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00389-00088757-00088955 the ruling class must be treated as a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00390-00088956-00089243 threat youngji regrets what he did he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00391-00089244-00089417 has never worked up the courage to make
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00392-00089418-00089675 amends to one ha Spirit he fears doing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00393-00089676-00089909 so will tarnish his sister's memories
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00394-00089910-00090203 and by extension his niece's rule
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00395-00090204-00090443 you try to convince yongji that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00396-00090444-00090593 something strange is happening in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00397-00090594-00090826 city but he is not surprised
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00398-00090827-00091055 he doesn't recall the fog but he's seen
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00399-00091056-00091288 one who's gwai Shin several times at the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00400-00091289-00091512 Royal Park called the park of the elders
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00401-00091513-00091744 specifically late at night near the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00402-00091745-00091997 statue to his sister yongsu
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00403-00091998-00092225 since won ha had no surviving family
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00404-00092226-00092471 members he finds it conceivable that her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00405-00092472-00092644 Guai Shin could have lingered for years
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00406-00092645-00092938 since her death in the meantime the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00407-00092939-00093149 guishin must have grown powerful enough
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00408-00093150-00093300 to affect the city
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00409-00093301-00093556 yongji has called on Spirit Arbiters to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00410-00093557-00093725 investigate the park in the past but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00411-00093726-00093856 they found nothing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00412-00093857-00094073 he encourages you to seek out the spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00413-00094074-00094205 at the park of the elders around
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00414-00094206-00094331 midnight
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00415-00094332-00094600 you agree he produces a tarnished gold
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00416-00094601-00094859 amulet with one horse name etched on it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00417-00094860-00095141 this was one of her symbols of office a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00418-00095142-00095332 Memento of their former friendship that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00419-00095333-00095609 he's kept for years when brought near
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00420-00095610-00095831 the lantern from the tiger District or
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00421-00095832-00096076 the teacup from the Phoenix district The
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00422-00096077-00096299 Amulet faintly glows
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00423-00096300-00096491 you leave the estate and wait until
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00424-00096492-00096665 midnight before heading to the park of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00425-00096666-00096821 the elders
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00426-00096822-00097000 the park of the elders is a beautiful
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00427-00097001-00097259 public space devoted to walking and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00428-00097260-00097559 peaceful contemplation it features a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00429-00097560-00097738 stately Monument to the late Queen
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00430-00097739-00098147 yongsu Aunt to Queen jinmi you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00431-00098148-00098344 approached the statue and inspected a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00432-00098345-00098615 bit more the monument depicts a Regal
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00433-00098616-00098885 Dragonborn Seated on an ornate Throne a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00434-00098886-00099106 vision of wisdom and Grace
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00435-00099107-00099347 she cradles a large scroll in one arm
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00436-00099348-00099588 and raises the other as it felt to speak
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00437-00099589-00099874 Stone plaques set into the statue's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00438-00099875-00100091 foundation are engraved with queen young
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00439-00100092-00100355 soo's many achievements you read the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00440-00100356-00100523 plaques and recall that many of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00441-00100524-00100750 Queen's accomplishments Echo those of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00442-00100751-00101099 the Obscure magistrate dewon ha the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00443-00101100-00101303 beauty of the park changes as fog
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00444-00101304-00101494 spreads from the base of the monument to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00445-00101495-00101650 Queen yongsu
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00446-00101651-00101903 something shapeless and malevolent wraps
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00447-00101904-00102161 itself around the statue coalescing as a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00448-00102162-00102382 roped figure that shrieks in pain and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00449-00102383-00102694 rage the gwai shin of day one ha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00450-00102695-00102910 manifests from the fog at the base of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00451-00102911-00103078 the statue as a ghost
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00452-00103079-00103325 she appears as a middle-aged woman with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00453-00103326-00103594 dark hair and mournful features two
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00454-00103595-00103799 gargoyles emerge out of the Mist along
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00455-00103800-00104028 with the spirits bearing one ha's face
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00456-00104029-00104308 despite being driven by sorrow and rage
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00457-00104309-00104597 the gwai shin of daewon ha is willing to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00458-00104598-00104704 speak to you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00459-00104705-00104951 he tried to calm her by presenting a few
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00460-00104952-00105221 of the items from day one Haas past
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00461-00105222-00105436 once the gai Shin is calmed enough to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00462-00105438-00105658 talk she tells you the full history of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00463-00105659-00105802 what has occurred
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00464-00105803-00106102 for decades day one ha dedicated her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00465-00106103-00106366 life to yanito serving as a magistrate
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00466-00106367-00106552 and protector as the city-state
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00467-00106553-00106834 developed into a hub for trade the lower
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00468-00106835-00107051 class laborers and Artisans of unido
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00469-00107052-00107219 reap the benefits of the city-state
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00470-00107220-00107458 success the Common People cherished her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00471-00107459-00107663 but the attitude of others was not so
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00472-00107664-00107963 kind in time Merchants seeking to line
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00473-00107964-00108136 their pockets began to embezzle
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00474-00108138-00108275 government funds
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00475-00108276-00108508 city planners accelerated expansion into
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00476-00108509-00108640 the forest without care for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00477-00108641-00108839 sustainability and the local nobility
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00478-00108840-00109043 began to monopolize the benefits of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00479-00109044-00109175 booming economy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00480-00109176-00109463 whenever onehub protested royal advisor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00481-00109464-00109660 yongji dismissed their concerns and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00482-00109661-00109877 undermined her Authority eventually
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00483-00109878-00110104 political tensions turned the folk hero
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00484-00110105-00110371 into a figure of infamy meanwhile
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00485-00110372-00110657 youngji publicly gave Queen jung-soo
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00486-00110658-00110873 credit for all of One ha's achievements
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00487-00110874-00111083 ensuring that the Queen's Legend would
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00488-00111083-00111395 never fade while oneha was forgotten
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00489-00111396-00111640 unable to Bear the lies swallowed by her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00490-00111641-00112007 beloved people one hog grew ill and died
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00491-00112008-00112366 she passed on with no money no Clan and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00492-00112367-00112649 no Deeds credited to her name when queen
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00493-00112650-00112925 young Soo died 10 years ago a monument
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00494-00112926-00113128 to her was unveiled in the city's Park
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00495-00113129-00113423 of the elders the next night Juan ha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00496-00113424-00113615 Rose as a Guai shin and began haunting
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00497-00113616-00113860 the monument when no family claimed the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00498-00113861-00114047 spirit as their descendant the spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00499-00114048-00114304 Arbiters magistrates responsible for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00500-00114305-00114533 rogueishin tried to quell the angry
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00501-00114533-00114623 spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00502-00114624-00114833 as a former magistrate herself though
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00503-00114833-00115084 one ha Spirit managed to avoid the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00504-00115085-00115228 spirit Arbiters
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00505-00115229-00115445 just as one ha was intentionally removed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00506-00115446-00115625 from yanito's story during her lifetime
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00507-00115626-00115847 her gai Shin believes that she has been
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00508-00115848-00116069 forgotten by the city's people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00509-00116070-00116273 she's angry that the city she dedicated
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00510-00116274-00116543 her life to has forgotten her she Muses
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00511-00116544-00116740 her accursed fog to make unitos people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00512-00116741-00117010 suffer but forget why leaving them with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00513-00117011-00117263 only pain and quiet confusion
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00514-00117264-00117527 once you have learned day one ha story
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00515-00117528-00117760 you display the three relics of her past
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00516-00117761-00117910 to present evidence that the people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00517-00117911-00118145 still remember her the lantern from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00518-00118146-00118373 tiger District the teacup from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00519-00118374-00118625 Phoenix district and the amulet yongji
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00520-00118626-00118751 kept safe
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00521-00118752-00118984 the gwishin begins to Marvel at the fact
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00522-00118985-00119171 that she hasn't been fully forgotten and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00523-00119172-00119315 she thanks you for bringing these
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00524-00119316-00119452 mementos to her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00525-00119453-00119752 once day one has gai Shin is reassured
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00526-00119753-00119939 that she hasn't been forgotten the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00527-00119940-00120190 memory affecting fog ceases to appear in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00528-00120191-00120377 the curse afflicting the people of unido
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00529-00120378-00120623 and restoring their memories
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00530-00120624-00120851 to lay the guaishin to rest you begin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00531-00120852-00121084 reminding the city of daewon Haas
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00532-00121085-00121277 historic role in the city's Ascent to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00533-00121278-00121552 Prosperity Kun on June helps you with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00534-00121553-00121708 this and suggests restoring the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00535-00121709-00121943 Magistrate's Shrine outside the city and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00536-00121944-00122225 circulating records of one Haas works
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00537-00122226-00122536 once the gwai shin is put to rest anjun
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00538-00122538-00122758 makes Queen jinmi aware of your role in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00539-00122759-00122993 Saving the city the Queen meets with you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00540-00122994-00123352 hailing you as a hero
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00541-00123353-00123851 chapter 6 gold for fools and princess
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00542-00123852-00124121 this adventure begins with your arrival
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00543-00124122-00124445 in the city of Anisa the city-state of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00544-00124446-00124727 Anisa in the east of the Sensa Empire is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00545-00124728-00125057 ruled by the Asian King dayara thanks to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00546-00125058-00125278 the wealth of the Gold War and mine the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00547-00125279-00125507 city's gold production far outpaces that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00548-00125508-00125639 of its neighbors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00549-00125640-00125860 gold mining is a respected career
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00550-00125861-00126166 crucial to the Empire's Prosperity those
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00551-00126167-00126323 who work with the riches of the earth
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00552-00126324-00126545 number among the land's most respected
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00553-00126546-00126689 artisans
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00554-00126690-00126916 to support its members the RM Guild
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00555-00126917-00127108 allows Miners and craftspeople to build
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00556-00127109-00127283 social and professional connections
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00557-00127283-00127547 better their crafts and organize for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00558-00127548-00127775 improved labor conditions
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00559-00127776-00128015 the people of Anisa value education
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00560-00128016-00128266 highly and the city is home to Anisa
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00561-00128267-00128477 Academy the only University in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00562-00128478-00128578 Empire
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00563-00128579-00128819 politically the city has enjoyed years
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00564-00128820-00129052 of Peace under King dayara's rule but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00565-00129053-00129340 many dread his inevitable retirement you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00566-00129341-00129545 overhear that the city's famed gold mine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00567-00129546-00129827 the Gold warn has collapsed near my
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00568-00129828-00130036 people are gathering to hear news of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00569-00130038-00130240 missing Miners and two local princes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00570-00130241-00130516 will be speaking among the gossip you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00571-00130517-00130684 pick and gather a few tidbits of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00572-00130685-00130973 information Prince and Bowen the son of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00573-00130974-00131201 anissa's King is not widely respected in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00574-00131202-00131321 the Empire
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00575-00131322-00131537 Prince Karina comes from the neighboring
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00576-00131538-00131807 city of neba he's a charismatic figure
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00577-00131808-00132095 who's well liked by The arum Guild
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00578-00132096-00132304 you listen to the gossip as you stroll
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00579-00132305-00132473 through the city until you eventually
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00580-00132474-00132683 stumble into the city Square
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00581-00132684-00132959 locals crowd a shaded Square listening
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00582-00132960-00133139 to a fervent argument between two
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00583-00133140-00133331 well-dressed human men wearing dark
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00584-00133332-00133547 colors and gold jewelry
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00585-00133548-00133828 this isn't your place Prince Karina one
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00586-00133829-00134159 man shouts this isn't your city trap
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00587-00134160-00134411 miners are my responsibility as soon as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00588-00134412-00134639 the entrance is cleared Karina
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00589-00134640-00134801 interrupts the man
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00590-00134802-00135059 but these are my people I value the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00591-00135060-00135233 Friendship of the aurum guild and I
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00592-00135234-00135383 stand with my friends in their time of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00593-00135384-00135677 need but don't worry Prince simbon we
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00594-00135678-00135821 can find something safe for you to do
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00595-00135822-00136085 while we bring our missing family home
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00596-00136086-00136319 it appears the two that are arguing go
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00597-00136320-00136540 by the name of Prince symbol and Prince
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00598-00136541-00136661 Karina
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00599-00136662-00136847 voices in the crowd arise as they
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00600-00136848-00137021 declare support for one Prince or the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00601-00137022-00137243 other most of the folk wearing the grimy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00602-00137244-00137416 tunics of miners are impressed when
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00603-00137417-00137633 Karina speaks while the a Nissan city
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00604-00137634-00137819 Folk shout in agreement when simbon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00605-00137820-00138077 speaks as the debate continues a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00606-00138078-00138275 muscular dwarf Miner carrying a polished
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00607-00138276-00138545 copper pick approaches you this is uzoma
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00608-00138546-00138790 the overseer at the Gold Warren
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00609-00138791-00139037 azoma Batten was selected as the gold
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00610-00139038-00139228 warrant overseer due to her compassion
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00611-00139229-00139493 and diligence she sees his position as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00612-00139494-00139666 the highest possible honor and strives
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00613-00139667-00139852 daily to be worthy as she labors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00614-00139853-00140087 alongside her fellow minors determined
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00615-00140088-00140290 to do right by them uzuma doesn't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00616-00140291-00140471 hesitate to challenge order she deems
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00617-00140472-00140657 unfair even if those orders come
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00618-00140658-00140957 directly from King dayara uzoma bluntly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00619-00140958-00141107 notes to you that she's looking for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00620-00141108-00141383 adventurers she hopes to hire you to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00621-00141384-00141533 head into the mine and rescue the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00622-00141534-00141766 trapped miners offering a hefty sum of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00623-00141767-00141845 gold
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00624-00141846-00142073 uzoma also fills you in on the tension
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00625-00142074-00142199 in the crowd
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00626-00142200-00142402 the folk of the Senza Empire are loyal
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00627-00142403-00142607 to the empires and their own city-states
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00628-00142608-00142889 in equal measure as such most folk of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00629-00142890-00143063 Anisa favor Prince and bone as the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00630-00143064-00143369 would-be heir to emperins Anaya the arm
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00631-00143370-00143543 Guild has thrown his support behind the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00632-00143544-00143752 more adventurous Prince Karina of niba
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00633-00143753-00143939 so many of the miners in the crowd favor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00634-00143940-00144233 him has technically been given charge of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00635-00144234-00144389 the rescue mission by his father King
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00636-00144390-00144490 dayara
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00637-00144491-00144719 however the prince seems rattled by the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00638-00144720-00144983 responsibility Karina has been in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00639-00144984-00145169 city on private business for weeks but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00640-00145170-00145337 he made a very public appearance after
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00641-00145338-00145504 the accident at the mine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00642-00145505-00145714 he's taken it on himself to volunteer
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00643-00145715-00145966 for the rescue mission you agree to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00644-00145967-00146225 azoma's request to save the Trap miners
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00645-00146226-00146440 after agreeing uzuma said she has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00646-00146441-00146669 someone she wants you to meet it is a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00647-00146670-00146854 young Miner who saw monsters in the mine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00648-00146855-00147119 before making his Escape she motions for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00649-00147120-00147328 you to follow her through the crowd as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00650-00147329-00147527 uzoma leads you through the crowd you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00651-00147528-00147707 notice movement in the shadows across
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00652-00147708-00147916 the street shouts ring out at the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00653-00147917-00148109 crowd's edge as massive glowing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00654-00148110-00148349 scorpions Rush from the shadowed alley
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00655-00148350-00148589 Prince Karina draws a sword and races
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00656-00148590-00148847 forward while Prince simbone hesitates
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00657-00148848-00149057 the crowd flees leaving only you and the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00658-00149058-00149213 princess to face the five giant
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00659-00149214-00149333 scorpions
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00660-00149334-00149543 uzoma stands back and watches as the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00661-00149544-00149693 encounter unfolds
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00662-00149694-00149878 the princes are friendly and quick to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00663-00149879-00150004 Ally with you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00664-00150005-00150245 the Scorpions are hostile and of rare
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00665-00150246-00150437 fluorescent breed known as a Twilight
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00666-00150438-00150671 Dune scorpion that rarely Venture from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00667-00150672-00150827 the desert deaths
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00668-00150828-00151007 you battle against the Scorpions and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00669-00151008-00151163 when they are defeated they vanish
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00670-00151164-00151427 similarly to that of a summoned creature
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00671-00151428-00151631 the amount of creatures present however
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00672-00151632-00151859 is far more than any common summoning
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00673-00151860-00152021 magic will allow
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00674-00152022-00152237 in the aftermath of the battle both
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00675-00152238-00152495 princes thank you for your assistance as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00676-00152496-00152687 the eldest son of the king of neba
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00677-00152688-00152885 Karina was raised knowing he might be
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00678-00152886-00153107 named heir to the land's ruler Empress
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00679-00153108-00153383 Ania in time Karina grew close to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00680-00153384-00153485 entrance
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00681-00153486-00153707 he came to see Ania as a benevolent aunt
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00682-00153708-00153923 in his place as her Heir seemed assured
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00683-00153924-00154187 Prince simbone however is in a strange
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00684-00154188-00154475 situation his family seeks to ensure she
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00685-00154476-00154666 chooses him as her Heir though he has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00686-00154667-00154871 never aspired to the position
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00687-00154872-00155140 in reality simbone believes his poor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00688-00155141-00155381 tactical mind and hedonistic Ben make
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00689-00155382-00155578 him a lackluster candidate
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00690-00155579-00155801 after the battle you investigate the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00691-00155802-00156011 alley the Scorpions originated from and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00692-00156012-00156190 find a partial series of smeared magical
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00693-00156191-00156407 runes drawn on the Alley wall
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00694-00156408-00156604 these runes belong to that of a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00695-00156605-00156778 conjuration Magic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00696-00156779-00156935 even after the giant scorpions are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00697-00156936-00157175 defeated the crowd throngs Prince simbon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00698-00157176-00157397 and Prince Karina lotting their heroics
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00699-00157398-00157673 and asking what they'll do next uzoma
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00700-00157674-00157864 ignores the chaos and guides you to a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00701-00157865-00158063 young human at the crowd's edge whom she
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00702-00158064-00158321 introduces as AWA a young Miner who
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00703-00158322-00158549 escaped the gold warrant atizoma's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00704-00158550-00158821 prompting AWA shares the following story
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00705-00158822-00159095 AWA and the rest of his crew including
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00706-00159096-00159335 his mother were working a new excavation
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00707-00159336-00159593 when it collapsed he and the others were
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00708-00159594-00159749 trying to escape when a snarling
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00709-00159750-00160019 eight-legged Beast appeared the Beast
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00710-00160020-00160187 would have killed Allah with his mother
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00711-00160188-00160409 sihaya defended him
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00712-00160410-00160625 the creature attacked her in turn and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00713-00160626-00160937 dragged her away in the chaos AWA was
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00714-00160938-00161159 separated from the others he made his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00715-00161160-00161326 way to the entrance and was the last
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00716-00161327-00161531 Miner out before the entrance collapsed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00717-00161532-00161819 no one else from his crew escaped he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00718-00161820-00161957 begins to describe to you what the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00719-00161958-00162113 creature looked like and you recognized
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00720-00162114-00162328 the creature as an Aaron borax a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00721-00162329-00162521 predator that eats precious metals but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00722-00162522-00162754 is thought to be extinct in the region
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00723-00162755-00163054 after Allah shares his experience uzoma
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00724-00163055-00163223 tells you how King dayara has been
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00725-00163224-00163402 pushing to increase output at the mind
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00726-00163403-00163697 to please Empress Anaya the excavation
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00727-00163698-00163889 of the newer tunnels occurred so quickly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00728-00163890-00164075 that there was not enough time to fully
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00729-00164076-00164219 reinforce them
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00730-00164220-00164416 The arum Guild has been warning of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00731-00164417-00164609 potential for collapses within the mine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00732-00164610-00164801 but has been ignored
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00733-00164802-00165011 after you finish a conversation with AWA
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00734-00165012-00165190 shouting among the princess supporters
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00735-00165191-00165407 Casa zozoma to intervene
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00736-00165408-00165773 that's enough cesusoma all this talk is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00737-00165774-00165989 wasting breath the crews at the entrance
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00738-00165990-00166187 should have it cleared and shored up by
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00739-00166188-00166402 the day's end we'll sort out who's on
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00740-00166403-00166666 the rescue team then but for now
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00741-00166667-00166919 as the zoma speaks Karina and simbone
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00742-00166920-00167128 both Step Up interrupting her to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00743-00167129-00167297 announce they'll gladly take a place in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00744-00167298-00167447 the rescue party
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00745-00167448-00167651 their followers begin arguing again
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00746-00167652-00167963 until Azuma blows a piercing whistle
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00747-00167964-00168226 if you want to help stop arguing and do
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00748-00168227-00168371 what I need you to do
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00749-00168372-00168587 Prince Karina you'll come to the gold
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00750-00168588-00168869 Warden with me Prince simbone and go
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00751-00168870-00169031 find out what could be waiting for us in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00752-00169032-00169349 the mine let's get this done
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00753-00169350-00169601 uzoma tests and Bone and you was seeking
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00754-00169602-00169871 out kedjo a high priest visiting Anisa
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00755-00169872-00169951 Academy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00756-00169952-00170201 kedjo has a rich understanding of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00757-00170202-00170399 Sensa Empire's history and might know
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00758-00170400-00170585 what lurks in the mine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00759-00170586-00170807 Prince simbone escorts you to Anissa
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00760-00170808-00171004 Academy a 10-minute walk through the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00761-00171005-00171281 city he's personable and speaks plainly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00762-00171282-00171485 Saint Karina only seeks to make himself
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00763-00171486-00171707 a hero to gain favor with the wealthy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00764-00171708-00171964 arum Guild it's clear simbone is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00765-00171965-00172126 frustrated but you recognize his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00766-00172127-00172301 complaints concealed jealousy of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00767-00172302-00172499 well-liked Rival Prince
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00768-00172500-00172763 after a brisk walk you arrive to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00769-00172764-00173026 Nisa Academy the campus of Anisa Academy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00770-00173027-00173254 consists of buildings clustered around a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00771-00173255-00173399 wide Courtyard
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00772-00173400-00173645 it's crowded with students professors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00773-00173646-00173902 and acolytes of the faceless Prophet the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00774-00173903-00174149 Senza Empire's clergy Milling between
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00775-00174150-00174281 buildings
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00776-00174282-00174526 as you seek out kejo Prince simbone
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00777-00174527-00174697 shares the following information
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00778-00174698-00174911 ketcho has been in Residence at the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00779-00174912-00175163 Academy for only the past week visits
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00780-00175164-00175337 from the high priest are rare
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00781-00175338-00175571 according to simbone's friend the entire
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00782-00175572-00175769 campus is a buzz with speculation that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00783-00175770-00175966 kejo came to the academy to conduct
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00784-00175967-00176111 secret research
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00785-00176112-00176309 you eventually learned that kejo has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00786-00176310-00176495 taken up offices on the top floor of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00787-00176496-00176638 Academy's Library
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00788-00176639-00176819 when the two of you arrive at the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00789-00176820-00177040 library a librarian ushers you to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00790-00177041-00177221 catcho's private room on the library's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00791-00177222-00177335 top floor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00792-00177336-00177695 outside two guards stand alert within
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00793-00177696-00177928 opened homes and Scrolls lie spread
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00794-00177929-00178163 across several tables and kezo makes no
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00795-00178164-00178433 effort to hide any of his nose kedjo
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00796-00178434-00178601 expresses delight at seeing Prince
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00797-00178602-00178847 simbone and respectfully greets you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00798-00178848-00179123 during the conversation kejo discreetly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00799-00179124-00179357 mocks the prince going so far as to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00800-00179358-00179519 sympathize with simbon about how
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00801-00179520-00179693 straining it must be to busy himself
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00802-00179694-00179878 among the common rabble or visit the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00803-00179879-00179987 library
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00804-00179988-00180166 when told about the creatures in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00805-00180167-00180359 mine kejo believes the description
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00806-00180360-00180569 matches that of monsters called Aaron
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00807-00180570-00180857 boraxes he declares this is impossible
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00808-00180858-00181085 as they're long extinct in the region
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00809-00181086-00181307 arm voraxes are gold-eating predators
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00810-00181308-00181511 that once claimed all the minds of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00811-00181512-00181733 Senza Empire as their territory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00812-00181734-00181913 they were hunted down by the emperor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00813-00181914-00182135 Casa a millennium ago
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00814-00182136-00182309 the creatures were eradicated from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00815-00182310-00182545 region and none have been seen since
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00816-00182546-00182819 regarding awa's story ketcho doesn't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00817-00182820-00183071 believe the tale of the minor if any of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00818-00183072-00183221 the creatures had Survived The Purge
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00819-00183222-00183388 their hunger for gold would have
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00820-00183389-00183576 revealed the creatures long ago
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00821-00183577-00183821 keto suggests that the creatures could
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00822-00183822-00184078 be nothing more than overgrown rats
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00823-00184079-00184301 during the conversation with kejo you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00824-00184302-00184481 catch sight of an interesting detail in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00825-00184482-00184697 the notes spread across the room the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00826-00184698-00184871 note suggests kejo's researching a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00827-00184872-00185111 unique conjuration spell one to summon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00828-00185112-00185273 powerful creatures and cause them to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00829-00185274-00185471 linger for longer than usual
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00830-00185472-00185711 after a while priest currently declares
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00831-00185712-00185897 he needs to get back to his studies and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00832-00185898-00186047 dismisses you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00833-00186048-00186269 not wanting to stir up any trouble you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00834-00186270-00186473 take your leave from the library
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00835-00186474-00186683 after leaving the library you asked him
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00836-00186684-00186838 bone about casual's insults or
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00837-00186839-00187001 assessment of his leadership potential
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00838-00187002-00187313 the prince tries to shrug it off he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00839-00187314-00187475 doesn't think much of his future as a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00840-00187476-00187690 leader you try to encourage someone to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00841-00187691-00187840 take his role as someone the people look
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00842-00187841-00188021 up to more seriously
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00843-00188022-00188249 doing so earns you some bones of respect
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00844-00188250-00188464 Prince and Bones suggests the two of you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00845-00188465-00188657 head to the gold Warren which lies a few
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00846-00188658-00188837 hours north of Vanessa
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00847-00188838-00189011 he doesn't relish the idea of venturing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00848-00189012-00189173 into the tunnels but he truly wants to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00849-00189174-00189401 help those trapped within he also hates
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00850-00189402-00189575 the idea of Karina starting the search
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00851-00189576-00189725 effort without him
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00852-00189726-00189940 simbone calls for a coach to convey the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00853-00189941-00190193 two of you there with that you take the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00854-00190194-00190354 carriage and make your journey North to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00855-00190355-00190613 the gold Warren when you arrive at the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00856-00190614-00190835 Gold Warren you find golden statues of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00857-00190836-00191026 Royals smiling down on visitors from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00858-00191027-00191237 Atop The impressive multi-story entrance
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00859-00191238-00191471 while Rubble spills from the opening
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00860-00191472-00191704 Gates leading into the mines a path has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00861-00191705-00191938 been cleared through into the darkness a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00862-00191939-00192113 crowd gathers around the mine's huge
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00863-00192114-00192257 entrance tunnels
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00864-00192258-00192545 nearby zoma and Prince Karina watch as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00865-00192546-00192749 miners inspect the new posts Shoring up
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00866-00192750-00193001 the damaged tunnel uzuma welcomes you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00867-00193002-00193181 and asks you to enter the mine and find
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00868-00193182-00193337 the missing miners
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00869-00193338-00193583 both Prince Karina and Prince simbon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00870-00193584-00193801 plan to join you and won't be dissuaded
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00871-00193802-00194021 uzuma notes that the missing Miner
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00872-00194022-00194152 should have been working in the tunnel
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00873-00194153-00194357 south of the prominent Junction
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00874-00194358-00194585 she provides you a general direction to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00875-00194586-00194759 reach the section of the minds worth
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00876-00194760-00194909 investigating
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00877-00194910-00195064 as you make your way through the Mine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00878-00195065-00195340 The Two Princes bicker constantly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00879-00195341-00195575 during the Expedition Prince Karina
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00880-00195576-00195790 seeks opportunities to look heroic and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00881-00195791-00196066 undermine his rival Prince symbol
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00882-00196067-00196337 in his show bravado Prince Karina drops
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00883-00196338-00196559 a small note from his pocket
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00884-00196560-00196775 you pick it up and examine it and notice
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00885-00196776-00196937 a picture of runes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00886-00196938-00197176 these pictures match the painted ruins
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00887-00197177-00197399 from the nearby alley of the attack in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00888-00197400-00197525 the city Square
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00889-00197526-00197752 when asked about the paper Karina is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00890-00197753-00197957 dismissive claiming to have found it on
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00891-00197958-00198178 the street you certainly tell him that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00892-00198179-00198364 you'll be holding on to this note and he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00893-00198365-00198538 reluctantly agrees
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00894-00198539-00198713 after a short March from the mine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00895-00198714-00198959 entrance you reach a large Junction with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00896-00198960-00199216 tracks that lead into a few side tunnels
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00897-00199217-00199450 one tunnel leading North and two tunnels
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00898-00199451-00199702 stretching South are still open just in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00899-00199703-00199895 front of a massive mine track turntable
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00900-00199896-00200225 a body lies blade on the rocky ground
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00901-00200226-00200476 even at a distance it's clear this Miner
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00902-00200477-00200675 died not from falling Rubble but from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00903-00200676-00200849 terrible slashing wounds
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00904-00200850-00201059 as you approach the turntable you hear
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00905-00201060-00201214 skittering emanating from a nearby
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00906-00201215-00201304 tunnel
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00907-00201305-00201611 suddenly five arm boraxes rushed to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00908-00201612-00201802 attack and you fed them off with Mighty
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00909-00201803-00202090 blows when the arm borax are defeated
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00910-00202091-00202390 they vanish the body on the ground is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00911-00202391-00202649 that of a missing Miner named enwa who
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00912-00202650-00202913 was killed by an arm borax attack
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00913-00202914-00203116 you search the area and see that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00914-00203117-00203357 numerous arm vorax claw marks lead from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00915-00203358-00203597 the southwest tunnel you head down that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00916-00203598-00203849 tunnel and reach an opening openings
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00917-00203850-00204071 into three Ruffian caves lined the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00918-00204072-00204197 northern walls
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00919-00204198-00204413 you notice signs of combat and blood
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00920-00204414-00204683 stains along the tunnel the tunnel ends
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00921-00204684-00204857 in a rockfall that would take days to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00922-00204858-00204953 clear
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00923-00204954-00205132 these three Caverns are recent
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00924-00205133-00205342 excavations seeking new profitable veins
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00925-00205344-00205655 of gold a tunnel dug by claws extends
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00926-00205656-00205858 from the easternmost of the newly dug
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00927-00205859-00205996 Caverns
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00928-00205998-00206201 as you approach it you hear sounds of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00929-00206202-00206458 movement from the large Cavern Beyond
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00930-00206459-00206638 the walls of this chamber are crudely
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00931-00206639-00206814 dug and covered with scratches
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00932-00206815-00207082 particularly around seams of glistening
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00933-00207083-00207419 ore a half dozen deep Alcove Circle a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00934-00207419-00207736 broad open space this is the nest of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00935-00207737-00207977 arm vorax pack including five arm
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00936-00207978-00208325 boraxes and an arum vorax Den Leader
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00937-00208326-00208577 you fight another set of arum vorax and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00938-00208578-00208751 they vanish into the air as she defeat
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00939-00208752-00209008 them during the fight Prince Karina
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00940-00209009-00209212 tries to eliminate Prince and bone as a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00941-00209213-00209303 rival
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00942-00209304-00209573 Karina antagonizes the Aaron boraxes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00943-00209573-00209734 then slips behind the other prince
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00944-00209735-00210053 leaving the monsters to attack timbolin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00945-00210054-00210232 once all of the creatures are vanquished
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00946-00210233-00210496 you begin to investigate the room you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00947-00210498-00210677 find two bodies that lie in the center
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00948-00210678-00210946 of the chamber the bodies here are those
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00949-00210948-00211132 of two of the missing miners bearing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00950-00211133-00211415 many claw and bike marks three survivors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00951-00211416-00211739 including awa's mother zahaya are holed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00952-00211740-00211948 up in an Alcove to the West
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00953-00211950-00212117 they have blocked the Alcove entrance
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00954-00212117-00212344 with crates and Mining beer you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00955-00212346-00212513 investigate the area where the survivors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00956-00212514-00212692 were hiding and find a series of runes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00957-00212694-00212951 drawn on the cave wall with chalk you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00958-00212952-00213113 recognize these being nearly identical
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00959-00213114-00213287 to the ones in the alley that followed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00960-00213288-00213425 the Scorpion attack
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00961-00213426-00213592 once you have found the survivors you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00962-00213594-00213844 begin to lead them out to leave the mind
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00963-00213846-00214096 before you do the higher whispered that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00964-00214098-00214253 they saw a stranger with long braided
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00965-00214254-00214456 hair and colorful robes in the mines
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00966-00214457-00214708 before the collapse The Stranger was
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00967-00214709-00214865 drawing the runes in the cavern where
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00968-00214866-00215063 the survivors were hiding
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00969-00215064-00215291 when you exit the cavern you decide to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00970-00215292-00215482 confront Prince Karina over his attempt
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00971-00215483-00215651 to harm Prince and bone in the many
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00972-00215652-00215806 evidence against him that you've
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00973-00215807-00215992 discovered he answers your question
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00974-00215994-00216208 confidently deflecting accusations while
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00975-00216209-00216442 smugly claiming no responsibility
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00976-00216444-00216581 through a bit of intimidation and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00977-00216582-00216784 persuasion he eventually reveals the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00978-00216785-00217025 following information both the giant
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00979-00217026-00217234 scorpions and the armed War axes were
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00980-00217235-00217415 conjured by kesho as to let Karina
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00981-00217416-00217648 played a part of the hero and increases
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00982-00217650-00217955 chances of becoming empress's next heir
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00983-00217956-00218248 at Karina's bahast Kesha crafted the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00984-00218250-00218453 ritual that brought the rmvore axis to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00985-00218454-00218681 the gold Warren in exchange for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00986-00218682-00218884 positioning Karina to become Anaya's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00987-00218885-00219155 Heir kejo expects to influence Karina's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00988-00219156-00219341 policy decisions once Karina becomes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00989-00219342-00219569 emperor one confronted with his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00990-00219569-00219737 responsibility for the miners who died
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00991-00219738-00219934 for this charade the prince merely
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00992-00219935-00220042 shrugs
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00993-00220044-00220282 he blames the arm Guild for the shoddy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00994-00220283-00220432 conditions that caused the collapse
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00995-00220433-00220642 conveniently ignoring that the burrowing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00996-00220644-00220846 our own voraxes clearly contributed to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00997-00220848-00221069 them when you emerge from the gold
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00998-00221069-00221339 Warren zoma and a crowd of miners flock
Nrq3eW7N0aE-00999-00221340-00221519 around the group and hustle off any
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01000-00221519-00221789 survivors to have their wounds tended to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01001-00221790-00222029 was almost quick to thank and pay you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01002-00222030-00222208 when you mentioned Prince Karina
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01003-00222209-00222437 endangering Prince simbone to azoma
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01004-00222438-00222653 she's surprised and listens to your
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01005-00222654-00222946 story you reveal that Prince Karina and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01006-00222948-00223169 high priest kejo were responsible for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01007-00223169-00223421 the Aaron borax's appearance and back up
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01008-00223421-00223601 your claim with evidence
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01009-00223602-00223925 uzoma is outraged Prince Karina's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01010-00223926-00224146 confidence rapidly flags and he makes a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01011-00224148-00224398 weak attempt at excuses claiming that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01012-00224400-00224651 you are lying on Prince and Bones behalf
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01013-00224652-00224848 simbone speaks out against Karina
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01014-00224850-00225106 cutting through his excuses with Prince
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01015-00225107-00225389 and Bone support uzoma throws status to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01016-00225390-00225575 the wind and orders her miners to lock
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01017-00225576-00225773 Karina in a nearby Office while she
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01018-00225773-00225929 summons the guards
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01019-00225930-00226192 after Karina's formal arrest uzoma
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01020-00226194-00226367 demands an immediate investigation of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01021-00226367-00226510 high priest schedules lodgings to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01022-00226511-00226673 confirm your claims
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01023-00226673-00226882 bolstered by Prince simbone's influence
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01024-00226883-00227105 she drives immediate action
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01025-00227106-00227351 you join her symbolan in a group of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01026-00227352-00227573 guards in a surprise visit to catcho's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01027-00227573-00227746 Chambers where the high priest is caught
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01028-00227748-00227860 off guard
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01029-00227861-00228125 his research notes matching the runes in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01030-00228126-00228334 the gold Warren are discovered
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01031-00228335-00228532 the high priest is quickly taken into
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01032-00228533-00228851 custody in the aftermath of Karina and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01033-00228852-00229115 casio's arrest Prince simbon thanks you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01034-00229116-00229306 for supporting him in revealing Prince
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01035-00229307-00229631 Karina's plot he rewards you with two of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01036-00229632-00229871 his family's Treasures in adamantine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01037-00229871-00230044 change shirt in a ring of warmth
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01038-00230046-00230267 emblazoned with the Sunburst symbol of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01039-00230267-00230381 Anissa
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01040-00230382-00230621 simbone says the ring carries with it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01041-00230621-00230831 the warmth of his homeland son and his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01042-00230832-00230987 family's friendship
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01043-00230988-00231160 it's also clear that simbone is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01044-00231161-00231394 impressed with the zoma together the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01045-00231396-00231551 pair might become a force to be reckoned
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01046-00231552-00231875 with in Anissa and Beyond
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01047-00231876-00232415 chapter 7 trial of Destruction
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01048-00232416-00232606 this adventure begins as you approach
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01049-00232607-00232889 the town of atizalan the road weaves
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01050-00232890-00233039 through a stretch of rainforest that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01051-00233040-00233248 flanks a deep valley Drawing Near the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01052-00233250-00233417 town of atasalon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01053-00233417-00233675 past the Bend smoke Rises through the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01054-00233676-00233951 trees and shouts ring out an overturned
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01055-00233952-00234142 wagon lies in the road and through the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01056-00234144-00234317 smoke you can see people being attacked
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01057-00234317-00234617 by Serpentine creature wreath and Flames
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01058-00234617-00234844 Two Fire Snakes and two salamanders have
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01059-00234846-00235073 ambushed three travelers from atasalon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01060-00235073-00235306 the three Travelers defend a wagon full
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01061-00235307-00235631 of food flowers and colorful crafts
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01062-00235632-00235792 once you deal with the vicious
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01063-00235794-00236027 Elementals the ground heaves as a small
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01064-00236028-00236248 earthquake Ripple through the area
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01065-00236250-00236506 the sound of wood splintering and trees
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01066-00236507-00236717 falling Echoes from deeper in the forest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01067-00236717-00236992 but the Tremor soon passes in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01068-00236994-00237167 aftermath of the battle and earthquake
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01069-00237167-00237371 The Travelers are thankful for your help
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01070-00237371-00237587 their leader introduces herself as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01071-00237588-00237732 amayali
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01072-00237733-00238013 amayali has lived in Edison for years
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01073-00238014-00238253 after fire Elementals destroyed her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01074-00238254-00238415 birth Village and killed her parents
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01075-00238416-00238655 neighbors took her in and moved to Eddie
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01076-00238656-00238889 Salon there she learned a sense of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01077-00238890-00239069 community and acquired a strong desire
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01078-00239069-00239213 to help others
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01079-00239214-00239482 as a youth her aptitude with tools and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01080-00239483-00239651 weapons led her to train with the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01081-00239652-00239831 inventors known as the Shapers of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01082-00239832-00240137 obsidian in itsimi Khan she returned to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01083-00240138-00240365 Edison as an adult to ensure her birth
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01084-00240366-00240556 Village's fate would never befall her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01085-00240557-00240665 new home
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01086-00240666-00240887 her many useful inventions impressed the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01087-00240888-00241060 people of etisalon and she eventually
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01088-00241061-00241337 became a local leader she asks you if
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01089-00241338-00241510 her Caravan might travel back to Eddie
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01090-00241511-00241781 Salon with you and you agree along the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01091-00241782-00242021 way she shares the following information
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01092-00242021-00242225 the region around Eddie Salon is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01093-00242226-00242363 suffering from earthquakes and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01094-00242364-00242627 incursions from fiery monsters three
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01095-00242628-00242891 days ago amayali sent four of the town's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01096-00242892-00243082 best warriors to seek Insight from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01097-00243083-00243341 Watchers of the ashes they dwell at a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01098-00243342-00243623 twin Gods Observatory a site of volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01099-00243623-00243856 study that normally warns etisalon of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01100-00243857-00244091 impending earthquakes and eruptions the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01101-00244092-00244342 Warriors have not returned amayali and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01102-00244344-00244487 her fellow Travelers intended to look
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01103-00244488-00244660 for the Warriors and then take offerings
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01104-00244661-00244889 to the gate of Illumination a shrine to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01105-00244890-00245117 the Gods in hopes of appeasing them and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01106-00245117-00245296 quelling the earthquakes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01107-00245298-00245489 the group has traveled only a couple of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01108-00245490-00245681 miles from Edison and the journey has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01109-00245682-00245903 proven more dangerous than expected
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01110-00245904-00246148 for their safety her group must abandon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01111-00246150-00246269 its mission
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01112-00246269-00246551 once you and amayali reach etisalon she
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01113-00246552-00246725 thanks you again and asks if you'll do
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01114-00246726-00246869 her another favor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01115-00246869-00247055 she's still concerned about her Town's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01116-00247056-00247301 Warriors she asks you go to the twin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01117-00247302-00247475 Gods Observatory and find out what
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01118-00247476-00247703 happened to them in return you will have
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01119-00247704-00247919 earned the Gratitude of her people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01120-00247919-00248237 you agree and set off to edit salon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01121-00248238-00248441 the town of Eddie Salon has seen better
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01122-00248442-00248656 days many of the Stalls in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01123-00248657-00248879 townspaved Central Market are closed as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01124-00248880-00249106 local Shore up buildings damaged by the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01125-00249107-00249287 recent earthquake or reinforce the town
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01126-00249288-00249413 walls
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01127-00249414-00249623 you speak with the locals about threats
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01128-00249623-00249791 in the area and learn the following
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01129-00249792-00249977 pieces of information
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01130-00249978-00250175 most of the creatures attacking the area
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01131-00250176-00250396 are salamanders or fire snakes that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01132-00250398-00250577 dwell near volcanoes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01133-00250578-00250823 they don't usually attack settlements
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01134-00250823-00250984 the earthquake the town recently
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01135-00250985-00251142 suffered is the fourth this month
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01136-00251144-00251387 earthquakes aren't uncommon but this is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01137-00251388-00251651 far more than usual a fire giant named
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01138-00251652-00251879 sokopol roams the territory around
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01139-00251880-00252094 etazalon and its volcanoes in the folk
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01140-00252096-00252334 of the city known to avoid him when you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01141-00252335-00252563 are ready to depart amayali provides a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01142-00252564-00252784 map of the region outlining the path to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01143-00252785-00253079 Twin Gods Observatory the path to Twin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01144-00253080-00253253 Gods Observatory snakes through the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01145-00253254-00253463 rainforest then climbs into the Hills
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01146-00253464-00253763 near the twin Gods volcanoes trails
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01147-00253764-00254056 along a river lead to the town of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01148-00254057-00254392 from there path leads to the observatory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01149-00254394-00254621 the whole trip takes just over a day to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01150-00254621-00254848 complete at a normal pace
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01151-00254850-00255053 while you travel the Earth occasionally
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01152-00255054-00255239 shakes Anew filling your journey with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01153-00255240-00255491 hazardous obstacles along the way
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01154-00255492-00255810 eventually you make it to shoshotla
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01155-00255811-00256051 itapix capital city
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01156-00256052-00256355 is a refuge for those forced to evacuate
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01157-00256356-00256648 settlements elsewhere in the region its
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01158-00256650-00256913 founder metzly sought a safe place for
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01159-00256914-00257051 her family and made significant
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01160-00257052-00257398 offerings to the Gods in return Gods
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01161-00257400-00257584 created a stable plane where she built
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01162-00257585-00257813 her new home a group of guides and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01163-00257814-00258029 explorers called the trail Keepers faced
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01164-00258030-00258287 their operations in shashathla from here
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01165-00258288-00258508 the group keep paths across the region
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01166-00258509-00258658 safe and clear
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01167-00258659-00258875 they are often at odds with fire Giants
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01168-00258876-00259115 that dwell among the volcanoes who claim
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01169-00259116-00259282 that their homes were destroyed when the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01170-00259283-00259421 gods moved the mountains to create
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01171-00259421-00259619 shasha's last plane
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01172-00259619-00259829 as you peruse through the town you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01173-00259830-00260039 restock on supplies and rests before
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01174-00260040-00260219 heading off on the last stretch of your
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01175-00260219-00260303 journey
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01176-00260304-00260479 just as you are leaving
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01177-00260480-00260825 an impossible figure to ignore hails you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01178-00260826-00261113 this is all in a tiefling performer with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01179-00261114-00261305 turquoise patterned skin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01180-00261306-00261496 they're headed the same direction as you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01181-00261498-00261737 and is eager to travel alongside both
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01182-00261738-00261989 for company and protection
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01183-00261990-00262217 the dancer is kind-hearted but has an
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01184-00262218-00262403 over-the-top stage Persona they rarely
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01185-00262404-00262703 let slip in return they offer to be your
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01186-00262704-00262943 guide and good luck charm on the road
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01187-00262944-00263177 you agree to Allen's offer and begin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01188-00263178-00263356 your travel once more
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01189-00263357-00263567 it takes a few hours for your journey to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01190-00263568-00263789 take you to the twin Gods Observatory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01191-00263790-00264023 above the trees on the rocky slope ahead
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01192-00264024-00264227 Rises a tower covered in elaborate
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01193-00264228-00264467 carvings of local animals and Majestic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01194-00264468-00264580 mountains
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01195-00264581-00264839 Beyond it smoke rises from a volcano
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01196-00264840-00265163 Peak twin Gods Observatory is home to a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01197-00265164-00265355 group of Scholars and Regional Guardians
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01198-00265356-00265625 called the Watchers of the ashes these
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01199-00265626-00265769 scientists observe and record the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01200-00265770-00265973 behavior of the latapics volcanoes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01201-00265974-00266195 predicting eruptions and warning locals
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01202-00266196-00266369 before danger strikes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01203-00266370-00266591 The Observatory itself is a narrow
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01204-00266592-00266873 Baha'i Tower when you arrive three
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01205-00266874-00267065 Watchers greet you with a hint of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01206-00267066-00267184 disdain
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01207-00267185-00267371 the Watchers explained they are aware of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01208-00267372-00267580 the unusual volcanic activity and are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01209-00267581-00267743 doing their best to determine the cause
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01210-00267744-00267977 but their work will proceed faster if
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01211-00267978-00268217 they're not interrupted they initially
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01212-00268218-00268439 claim to know nothing about Warriors of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01213-00268440-00268673 etisalon you are able to convince a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01214-00268674-00268834 watcher to behave more hospitably
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01215-00268835-00269045 whereupon the acolyte shares the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01216-00269046-00269284 following information The Observatory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01217-00269285-00269465 has been besieged by inquiries from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01218-00269466-00269645 across the land seeking answers the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01219-00269646-00269921 scholars don't have dozens of volcanoes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01220-00269922-00270125 are showing activity across the latepic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01221-00270126-00270401 which is unprecedented the acolyte
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01222-00270402-00270587 doesn't recall Warriors from etisalon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01223-00270588-00270845 arriving but the Watchers leader tanali
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01224-00270846-00270917 might
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01225-00270918-00271187 tanali has been tirelessly observing the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01226-00271188-00271432 volcanoes from Atop The Observatory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01227-00271433-00271660 figuring that meeting tonali would be a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01228-00271661-00271847 good idea you make your way into the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01229-00271848-00271991 observatory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01230-00271992-00272230 the interior of twin Gods Observatory is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01231-00272231-00272410 hollow with a spiral Stone staircase
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01232-00272411-00272656 rising to aru with a commanding view of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01233-00272657-00272867 the region carvings along the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01234-00272868-00273077 observatory's interior depict volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01235-00273078-00273323 events and smoke formations which the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01236-00273324-00273473 Watchers consult to inform their
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01237-00273474-00273706 predictions you note a carving inside
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01238-00273707-00273971 the observatory of a gigantic thrilled
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01239-00273972-00274156 reptile bursting from an exploding
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01240-00274157-00274397 volcano you asked the Watchers about it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01241-00274398-00274601 and identify this creature as a mythical
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01242-00274602-00274753 being called a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01243-00274754-00275075 spirit said to sleep in volcanoes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01244-00275076-00275363 most Watchers don't believe the less are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01245-00275364-00275549 real when you climb about half the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01246-00275550-00275723 height of the observatory the structure
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01247-00275724-00275908 begins shaking in a crack like a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01248-00275909-00276137 Thunderclap sounds from below the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01249-00276138-00276323 structure is collapsing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01250-00276324-00276599 the leader of the Watchers tenali is on
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01251-00276600-00276773 the rooftop when the structure begins to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01252-00276774-00277030 collapse you rush to the rooftop and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01253-00277031-00277180 encourage him to flee back down the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01254-00277181-00277439 stairs immediately desperate to escape
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01255-00277440-00277715 he eagerly follows your instructions
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01256-00277716-00277882 everyone is able to make it out of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01257-00277883-00278123 tower just in time when you step foot
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01258-00278124-00278369 out of the tower it collapses into a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01259-00278370-00278573 heap of stone and Rubble
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01260-00278574-00278837 as dust rises from the ruins of twin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01261-00278838-00279089 Gods Observatory the earthquake ceases
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01262-00279090-00279323 and everyone survives
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01263-00279324-00279580 once saved tenali is thankful for your
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01264-00279581-00279665 help
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01265-00279666-00279923 you explain why you came and tenali
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01266-00279924-00280091 tells you what he knows
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01267-00280092-00280301 amayali's Warriors have arrived three
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01268-00280302-00280553 days earlier at the time they arrived
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01269-00280554-00280732 tenali didn't have any theories about
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01270-00280733-00280930 what was causing the eruptions but he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01271-00280931-00281056 knew they were strongest near the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01272-00281057-00281315 volcano called Jade mountains sent the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01273-00281316-00281513 Warriors to the gate of Illumination a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01274-00281514-00281729 shrine to the Gods on Jade Mount to see
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01275-00281730-00281921 if they could learn anything more they
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01276-00281922-00282160 haven't returned just before the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01277-00282161-00282401 observatory collapsed tonali's research
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01278-00282402-00282556 convinced them that the cause of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01279-00282557-00282827 eruptions is they tell us a lot a spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01280-00282828-00283175 of the volcanoes Tales Say many of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01281-00283176-00283397 volcanoes until at Epic have the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01282-00283398-00283673 Charlotte's dwelling within them tenali
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01283-00283674-00283847 believes these volcanic Spirits are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01284-00283848-00284051 gradually Awakening at once which in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01285-00284052-00284219 turn increases the activity of their
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01286-00284220-00284465 volcanoes based on its observations
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01287-00284466-00284693 tenali believes there's already an
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01288-00284694-00284969 awakened near Jade mount
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01289-00284970-00285208 Denali regrets sending amayali's people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01290-00285209-00285413 to the gate of Illumination he didn't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01291-00285414-00285641 realize the danger he asked you to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01292-00285642-00285797 travel to the shrine to check on the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01293-00285798-00286013 Warriors and seek signs of the volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01294-00286014-00286271 Spirit tenali marks a trail on your map
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01295-00286272-00286493 leading to the gate of Illumination a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01296-00286494-00286756 well-known sacred site at a normal Pace
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01297-00286757-00287032 the journey takes a little over a day
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01298-00287033-00287237 at some point during your journey you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01299-00287238-00287482 come upon the aftermath of a battle four
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01300-00287483-00287699 bodies lie on the road ahead all showing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01301-00287700-00287932 burn marks and spear wounds broken
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01302-00287933-00288149 arrows and fragments of shattered wooden
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01303-00288150-00288389 cart are strewn about you investigate
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01304-00288390-00288605 the bodies and find burns on them along
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01305-00288606-00288815 with sizable snake-like tracks nearby
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01306-00288816-00289006 suggesting The Travelers were killed by
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01307-00289007-00289253 salamanders the tracks lead toward the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01308-00289254-00289480 Gate of Illumination as you're prepared
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01309-00289481-00289715 to move on a roar comes from a force
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01310-00289716-00289960 dead rise over the road the Towering
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01311-00289961-00290147 figure of a fire giant pushes through
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01312-00290148-00290315 the trees towards you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01313-00290316-00290680 go back he yells abandon your offerings
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01314-00290681-00290932 you know not what you do
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01315-00290933-00291221 this is the fire giant Chicago who you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01316-00291222-00291419 have learned about in Edison
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01317-00291420-00291647 Chicago wields a massive Hammer but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01318-00291648-00291815 isn't interested in fighting unless he's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01319-00291816-00291958 attacked first
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01320-00291959-00292156 he box your way and tries to frighten
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01321-00292157-00292397 you into returning the way you came you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01322-00292398-00292613 call him the giant convince Chicago to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01323-00292614-00292858 talk like many of us can Chicago
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01324-00292859-00293093 dislikes the tendency of humanoids to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01325-00293094-00293237 build settlements near the volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01326-00293238-00293513 mountains The Awakening volcanic Spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01327-00293514-00293734 however have made the small folk of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01328-00293735-00293969 these lands the lesser of two evils
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01329-00293970-00294167 shocker pulls people have long known
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01330-00294168-00294371 about the volcanic spirit that slumbered
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01331-00294372-00294539 deep in the Region's mountains and don't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01332-00294540-00294713 consider them myths
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01333-00294714-00295091 the less dwell deeps in volcanoes when
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01334-00295092-00295282 their sleep is Disturbed volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01335-00295283-00295541 eruptions often follow the volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01336-00295542-00295763 spirit that inhabits Jade Mount has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01337-00295764-00296051 awakened shockapole has seen it move
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01338-00296052-00296284 inside the volcanic pool connected to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01339-00296285-00296567 the gate of Illumination salamanders and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01340-00296568-00296819 Fire Snakes served this volcanic spirit
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01341-00296820-00297023 they have been stealing offerings meant
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01342-00297024-00297203 for the gods and are carrying them back
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01343-00297204-00297443 to Jade Mountain shockapaul doesn't know
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01344-00297444-00297605 why the volcanic spirit is hoarding
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01345-00297606-00297784 offerings but he has seen salamanders
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01346-00297785-00297965 going to volcanoes throughout the region
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01347-00297966-00298187 with them while he's happy to fight any
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01348-00298188-00298421 salamanders he encounters he's too large
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01349-00298422-00298595 to slip into the gate of Illumination
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01350-00298596-00298841 and find out what's happening there
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01351-00298842-00299056 you offer to do it in his dead in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01352-00299057-00299260 shockapole offers to travel with you and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01353-00299261-00299506 defend you along the way the two of you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01354-00299507-00299680 head off to the gate of Illumination to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01355-00299681-00299855 figure out the situation occurring in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01356-00299856-00299975 the area
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01357-00299976-00300173 the Gate of Illumination is a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01358-00300174-00300382 century-old shrine consecrated to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01359-00300383-00300713 gods of nature fire and renewal it's out
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01360-00300714-00300905 on the slope of the Jade melt volcano
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01361-00300906-00301121 and tunnels to the lake of magma within
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01362-00301122-00301397 the Caldera the slopes of Jade Mount are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01363-00301398-00301595 Steep and treacherous to climb making
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01364-00301596-00301787 Passage through the shrine the most
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01365-00301788-00302093 direct route to the volcano's interior
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01366-00302094-00302332 as you near the Gate of Illumination you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01367-00302333-00302543 see a well-traveled trail that climbs
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01368-00302544-00302747 into the mountains the Hazel volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01369-00302748-00303041 smoke hanging overhead the path ends at
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01370-00303042-00303221 the entrance to a cavern carved through
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01371-00303222-00303449 images of divine figures and gigantic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01372-00303450-00303658 lizards and made cracking mountains
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01373-00303659-00303934 clouds and geometric flourishes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01374-00303935-00304193 Crimson light emanates from within and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01375-00304194-00304373 the smell of sulfur is thick in the air
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01376-00304374-00304619 you Brave through the mountain and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01377-00304620-00304763 travel through the heat-filled tunnels
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01378-00304764-00305027 until eventually making it to the shrine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01379-00305028-00305243 the masonry of the shrine gives way to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01380-00305244-00305404 the Natural formation of volcanoes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01381-00305405-00305699 Caldera a blast of heat and gas Billows
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01382-00305700-00305921 off the lake of magma rolling here
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01383-00305922-00306130 at the Magma's Edge stands a pair of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01384-00306131-00306377 ornate altars carved of obsidian
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01385-00306378-00306647 nearby four humans are slumped against
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01386-00306648-00306923 the wall their arms dangling from Rusty
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01387-00306924-00307025 manacles
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01388-00307026-00307330 Beyond City Rock juts into the molten
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01389-00307331-00307673 Lake something moves amid the lava the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01390-00307674-00307829 magmatic pool at the heart of Jade
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01391-00307830-00307997 Mountain is the layer of a volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01392-00307998-00308254 Spirit named itself the four humans
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01393-00308255-00308417 chained to the wall are the missing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01394-00308418-00308608 Warriors from etisalon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01395-00308609-00308908 Izel merges from the lava demanding you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01396-00308909-00308999 leave
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01397-00309000-00309203 he explains the following
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01398-00309204-00309460 Isel awoke several months ago and can
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01399-00309461-00309629 tell that the other volcanic Spirits
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01400-00309630-00309839 across the region are still asleep he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01401-00309840-00310127 treats these others as his family esel
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01402-00310128-00310301 has instructed his salamander servants
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01403-00310302-00310523 to make offerings at the volcanoes where
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01404-00310524-00310745 his family dwells and wake them
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01405-00310746-00310991 so far the salamanders have made some
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01406-00310992-00311206 small offerings causing other volcanic
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01407-00311207-00311482 spirits to stir he knows nothing of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01408-00311483-00311656 vicious attacks they've conducted to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01409-00311657-00311873 fetch offerings for him hearing his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01410-00311874-00312101 story you're able to talk itself out of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01411-00312102-00312275 his plans and persuade him to send his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01412-00312276-00312460 salamander allies away
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01413-00312461-00312730 unfortunately itso will be lonely if
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01414-00312731-00312880 this happens
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01415-00312881-00313079 all in offers to stay at the Gate of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01416-00313080-00313325 Illumination all in believes keeping
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01417-00313326-00313541 itself content is more important and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01418-00313542-00313769 wants to help keep the region safe they
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01419-00313770-00313937 also like the idea of having a regular
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01420-00313938-00314182 audience the four missing Warriors from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01421-00314183-00314399 Edison found their way to the gate of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01422-00314400-00314567 Illumination and would have been killed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01423-00314568-00314782 by salamanders if eat cell hadn't been
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01424-00314783-00315004 curious about them itsel couldn't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01425-00315005-00315227 understand them so he had the manacle to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01426-00315228-00315473 the Western Wall the Warriors explained
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01427-00315474-00315629 that the volcanic Spirit didn't harm
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01428-00315630-00315869 them it seemed curious about them not
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01429-00315870-00316006 hostile
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01430-00316007-00316229 after you convince itself the remaining
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01431-00316230-00316384 salamanders and Fire Snakes in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01432-00316385-00316595 region returned to the plane of Fire
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01433-00316596-00316841 without offerings being made to awaken
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01434-00316842-00317032 the Region's other volcanic Spirits the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01435-00317033-00317225 volcanic threat sees and you find your
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01436-00317226-00317417 travels back to Eda salon free of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01437-00317418-00317771 volcanic dangers back in Edison amayali
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01438-00317772-00318034 is eager to hear your story because the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01439-00318035-00318197 local Warriors survived the local
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01440-00318198-00318395 children also showed the thanks of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01441-00318396-00318593 whole Community by gifting you a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01442-00318594-00318887 treasure an axolotl shaped decanter of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01443-00318888-00319139 endless water
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01444-00319140-00319697 chapter 8 in the midst of Mani bersha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01445-00319698-00319943 the adventure begins as you are in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01446-00319944-00320177 city of shrugapore for the end of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01447-00320178-00320429 competition called Ashoka trials shaped
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01448-00320430-00320680 and defined by its rivers shankabumi is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01449-00320681-00320854 a dynamic floodplain surrounded by
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01450-00320855-00321089 mountains and crisscrossed by waterways
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01451-00321090-00321329 most of the land is covered in swamp
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01452-00321330-00321558 forests infested with unknown perils
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01453-00321559-00321808 including shugapore there are three
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01454-00321809-00321977 cities that stand proudly Among The
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01455-00321978-00322193 Perils each City spreads out in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01456-00322194-00322367 concentric circles from its riverine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01457-00322368-00322565 Temple the innermost Circle holds the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01458-00322566-00322810 city's Senate house main market and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01459-00322811-00323056 Academy as well as the houses of wealthy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01460-00323057-00323171 citizens
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01461-00323172-00323417 past these lie modest residential
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01462-00323418-00323615 neighborhoods and trade Wars
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01463-00323616-00323891 at its edges each City slopes down to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01464-00323892-00324065 submerge rice fields before dissipating
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01465-00324066-00324371 into the swamps the skies the shakavumi
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01466-00324372-00324610 are eternally heavy with rain clouds and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01467-00324611-00324784 even well-maintained buildings where a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01468-00324785-00324941 fine coat of moss
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01469-00324942-00325175 to experience shankabumi at its finest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01470-00325176-00325384 one must visit during the Shaka trials
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01471-00325385-00325601 held every 12 years in one of three
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01472-00325602-00325721 cities
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01473-00325722-00325943 a 12-day spectacle of skill and might
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01474-00325944-00326129 the trials feature contestants
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01475-00326130-00326308 representing each City who entertain
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01476-00326309-00326567 thousands of Spectators but the trials
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01477-00326568-00326758 are more than a competition they
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01478-00326759-00326932 represent the origin story of the land
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01479-00326933-00327154 in a pact endlessly renewed between the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01480-00327155-00327353 people and the riverines to whom the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01481-00327354-00327563 land belongs whatever your reasons are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01482-00327564-00327767 for coming here you find yourself in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01483-00327768-00327958 city of Chicago
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01484-00327959-00328247 City of Chicago is taming with onlookers
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01485-00328248-00328510 enjoying the shanka trials the chanca
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01486-00328511-00328679 trials are a spectacle of Art and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01487-00328680-00328930 athleticism they take their name from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01488-00328931-00329189 Shaka shells the shells of conchamales
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01489-00329190-00329429 which featured in shakabumi's Legend in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01490-00329430-00329734 our icon of the land these contests are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01491-00329735-00330041 held over a 12-day period every 12 years
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01492-00330042-00330275 competitors come from all three of Shan
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01493-00330276-00330473 kabumi city-states and they include some
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01494-00330474-00330665 folk descended from survivors of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01495-00330666-00330958 ruined city of monteversha a contests
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01496-00330959-00331193 honored the Region's reverends Spirit to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01497-00331194-00331367 hold power of the Region's many rivers
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01498-00331368-00331558 the final event of this great
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01499-00331559-00331745 competition is being held next to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01500-00331746-00332056 Temple of the riverine irawadi countless
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01501-00332057-00332213 Spectators filled the surrounding
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01502-00332214-00332477 streets and lined the river the crowd
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01503-00332478-00332656 has assembled for the final event of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01504-00332657-00332860 shanka trials where a popular young
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01505-00332861-00333191 Prodigy the dancer amanisha montevershi
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01506-00333192-00333419 called Nisha by her fans is about to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01507-00333420-00333665 perform her name passes through the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01508-00333666-00333858 crown with a buzz of excitement
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01509-00333859-00334067 amanisha's performance is breathtaking
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01510-00334068-00334379 but it carries an edge of sadness as she
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01511-00334380-00334571 dances an announcer explains the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01512-00334572-00334691 performance
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01513-00334692-00334925 her performance represents the story of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01514-00334926-00335153 the city of monteversha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01515-00335154-00335387 it shows the mysterious destruction and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01516-00335388-00335597 the anguish carried by Nisha and all
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01517-00335598-00335795 those monabertia who will never return
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01518-00335796-00335993 to their ancestral home
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01519-00335994-00336269 as the dance ends a cheer rises from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01520-00336270-00336532 crowd you notice that nisha's dance was
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01521-00336533-00336665 outstanding and captures something
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01522-00336666-00336856 meaningful to many people in the crowd
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01523-00336857-00337115 after brief deliberation the trial
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01524-00337116-00337313 judges produce a great conch shell
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01525-00337314-00337643 trophy the riverine's shanka a judge
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01526-00337644-00337954 pounds then beckons Nisha forward the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01527-00337955-00338182 mid-cheering Fanfare she accepts the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01528-00338183-00338369 trophy and takes her place as the newest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01529-00338370-00338632 champion of the shanka trials as Nisha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01530-00338633-00338813 raises the river in Shaka above her head
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01531-00338814-00338975 and the chocolate trials conclude
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01532-00338976-00339239 Thunder rings out as the sky fills with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01533-00339240-00339353 clouds
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01534-00339354-00339599 from the formerly calm River a search of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01535-00339600-00339839 water rises forming a towering wave that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01536-00339840-00340091 flings both onto the banks the massive
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01537-00340092-00340282 wave of the crest in a mighty swell
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01538-00340283-00340456 crashing toward the crowded Shore in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01539-00340457-00340660 riverine Temple the plaza surrounding
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01540-00340661-00340834 the riverine temple is thousands of feet
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01541-00340835-00341032 long and packed with people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01542-00341033-00341206 there's little you can do to stop the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01543-00341207-00341393 sudden wave but quick thinking allows
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01544-00341394-00341621 you to barely escape the disaster
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01545-00341622-00341860 this damage Causes Chaos across the open
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01546-00341861-00342130 space smashing vendor stalls harming
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01547-00342131-00342329 hundreds of people and leaving behind a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01548-00342330-00342556 foot of standing water at the base of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01549-00342557-00342779 the temple water Elementals to defend a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01550-00342780-00342965 temple emerge and attack those around it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01551-00342966-00343187 once the Temple's Guardians are dealt
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01552-00343188-00343373 with several people emerge from within
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01553-00343374-00343619 the temple from among them is the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01554-00343620-00343882 Temple's leader High River singer Pabon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01555-00343883-00344171 bhatiali a 200 year old halfling priest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01556-00344172-00344417 many are wounded but thankfully everyone
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01557-00344418-00344753 is alive however both Amnesia and the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01558-00344754-00344999 riverine Shaka trophy are missing pleban
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01559-00345000-00345208 approaches you and he says
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01560-00345209-00345454 the river came for amnesia and the river
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01561-00345455-00345713 in Shankar the wall of water descended
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01562-00345714-00345977 and flowed around us seeking omnisia as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01563-00345978-00346229 she tried to help others to safety it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01564-00346230-00346427 seized her in the trophy then pulled
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01565-00346428-00346589 both of them away
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01566-00346590-00346810 is one of the judges of the Shankar
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01567-00346811-00347056 trials although riverines hold the power
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01568-00347057-00347279 to control river water Pabon doesn't
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01569-00347280-00347471 believe this disaster is the doing of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01570-00347472-00347789 irawati the spirit of shaggaporus river
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01571-00347790-00348041 haban felt a deep jealousy in the storm
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01572-00348042-00348280 and the river he fears that today's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01573-00348281-00348437 destruction might be linked to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01574-00348438-00348641 catastrophe that befell the city of Mani
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01575-00348642-00348713 version
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01576-00348714-00348989 Tales of money versus ruining tell of a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01577-00348990-00349175 sudden storm in a huge wave that Rose
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01578-00349176-00349403 above the swamp Forest then consumed a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01579-00349404-00349703 city he believes amanisha is the key to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01580-00349704-00349858 understanding what happened and wants
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01581-00349859-00349984 you to find her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01582-00349985-00350225 when you accept plebon admits the task
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01583-00350226-00350453 won't be easy the flooded swamp Forest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01584-00350454-00350741 of shankarumi are vast he encourages you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01585-00350742-00350921 to find a boat and a guide who can take
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01586-00350922-00351154 you up forever to search for amanisha
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01587-00351155-00351389 before you leave clavon gives you a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01588-00351390-00351593 small shock of shell from the temple
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01589-00351594-00351808 this shell functions as a stone of good
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01590-00351809-00352073 luck you search along the River's Edge
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01591-00352074-00352253 to find the city's riverboats in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01592-00352254-00352558 disarray after the disaster however as
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01593-00352559-00352817 you search a boat pulls into the harbor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01594-00352818-00353099 this is the vessel of a skilled Maji or
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01595-00353100-00353447 Navigator named duka mashi sugapori he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01596-00353448-00353656 has just arrived back in the city
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01597-00353657-00353908 although he appears human his colleagues
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01598-00353909-00354077 and passengers don't know that he's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01599-00354078-00354323 aware tiger while several bands have
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01600-00354324-00354515 such a lycanthrops dwell deep in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01601-00354516-00354773 swamp Forest of shankavumi duka left his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01602-00354774-00354953 tribe and is trying to live as a human
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01603-00354954-00355228 he offers to guide you for a price and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01604-00355229-00355378 he figured be best for you to heed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01605-00355379-00355595 pabons of eyes and hire the man
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01606-00355596-00355823 once duka is hired he tells you the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01607-00355824-00355956 following information
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01608-00355957-00356230 duka was traveling toward sugarpore when
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01609-00356231-00356495 the wave struck while approaching he saw
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01610-00356496-00356693 a current of water Sparkle with an eerie
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01611-00356694-00356880 green light and sweep away from the city
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01612-00356881-00357130 he has seen that same glowing Ripple
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01613-00357131-00357347 recently along local tributaries of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01614-00357348-00357593 irawati river the first time he saw it
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01615-00357594-00357821 was 12 days ago the first day of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01616-00357822-00358078 Shankar trials he followed the glowing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01617-00358079-00358282 ripples tracing them along a small river
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01618-00358283-00358571 called the dijona duka suggests taking
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01619-00358572-00358763 you to a series of waterfalls on the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01620-00358764-00358973 tingorno river in the hope of learning
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01621-00358974-00359171 more from the river in there
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01622-00359172-00359393 the Maji is ready to head off whenever
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01623-00359394-00359627 you please you tell him that you are
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01624-00359628-00359789 ready and the two of you set off to the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01625-00359790-00360053 waterfalls on the tijorno river duka
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01626-00360054-00360227 pilot to skip to the mouth of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01627-00360228-00360406 tingorno river and eventually you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01628-00360407-00360653 approached the waterfalls a gradually
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01629-00360654-00360815 increasing Roar drowns out the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01630-00360816-00360989 rainforest sounds long before the river
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01631-00360990-00361228 turns revealing a series of parallel
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01632-00361229-00361463 waterfalls cascading from a ridge that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01633-00361464-00361637 runs alongside the river
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01634-00361638-00361925 a chain of sparsely forested Island lies
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01635-00361926-00362110 along the far side of the river opposite
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01636-00362111-00362273 the base of the falls
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01637-00362274-00362489 duka explains this is where he met the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01638-00362490-00362753 river in tinjorna he moorsed the boat
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01639-00362754-00362956 amid the island is opposite the Falls so
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01640-00362957-00363089 you can attempt to call upon the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01641-00363090-00363191 riverine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01642-00363192-00363443 as Duca ties up the boat you notice
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01643-00363444-00363617 several pairs of green feline eyes
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01644-00363618-00363828 watching from amid the Island's foliage
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01645-00363829-00364108 upon landing on the island three hostile
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01646-00364109-00364319 wear tigers in hybrid form emerge
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01647-00364320-00364534 longbows drawn
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01648-00364535-00364751 you talk to the wear tigers and convince
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01649-00364752-00364895 them not to attack
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01650-00364896-00365075 when you converse with the wear Tigers
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01651-00365076-00365291 it becomes clear that dukkha and the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01652-00365292-00365525 wear tigers are familiar with each other
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01653-00365526-00365717 duka underwear Tigers share the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01654-00365718-00365873 following information
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01655-00365874-00366028 the where tigers think that the people
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01656-00366029-00366167 of sharkapore have caused the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01657-00366168-00366280 disturbance
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01658-00366281-00366443 they seek to protect their territory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01659-00366444-00366610 from anyone who would harm it or the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01660-00366611-00366863 riverine to journal the wear Tigers
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01661-00366864-00367054 haven't seen the river in tinjorna since
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01662-00367055-00367258 he confronted duka but the riverine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01663-00367259-00367534 often frequents the pool Atop The Falls
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01664-00367535-00367793 duka reveals he is a lycanthrop and was
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01665-00367794-00367949 raised among the were Tigers who dwell
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01666-00367950-00368182 in the forest after conversing with you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01667-00368183-00368387 the wear Tigers encouraged you not to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01668-00368388-00368615 linger in their territory then they
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01669-00368616-00368717 depart
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01670-00368718-00368939 duka makes no apologies for hiding his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01671-00368940-00369125 true nature and encourages you to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01672-00369126-00369280 continue your search for the riverine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01673-00369281-00369508 tinjorna Atop The Falls
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01674-00369509-00369719 from where duka mores his boat you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01675-00369720-00369928 follow an indirect but mostly dry path
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01676-00369929-00370156 to the cliffs when you reach the top of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01677-00370157-00370367 the waterfalls you find a strange sight
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01678-00370368-00370667 the adjacent waterfalls are fed by a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01679-00370668-00370877 broad shallow pool surrounded by ancient
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01680-00370878-00371027 mangrove trees
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01681-00371028-00371315 20 feet away a young man with green skin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01682-00371316-00371554 walks Atop The Water speaking softly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01683-00371555-00371741 while slowly circling two turning
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01684-00371742-00371947 pillars of glowing green foam
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01685-00371948-00372215 tinjorna the riverine is speaking in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01686-00372216-00372406 Auckland is trying to calm down a pair
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01687-00372407-00372610 of water Elementals corrupted by The
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01688-00372611-00372863 Strange Magic afflicting his River you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01689-00372864-00373019 approach cautiously to calm the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01690-00373020-00373247 creatures and Aid to Jonah in pacifying
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01691-00373248-00373499 the Elementals a moment later the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01692-00373500-00373649 creatures vanish
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01693-00373650-00374032 Left Behind is you in tinjorna tinjorna
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01694-00374033-00374260 is a youthful riverine who appears as a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01695-00374261-00374525 soft-spoken young man with long hair
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01696-00374526-00374758 he thanks you for your help and eagerly
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01697-00374759-00374921 Converses with you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01698-00374922-00375103 he tells you that a week or so ago
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01699-00375104-00375347 tanjorna felt an ancient power affecting
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01700-00375348-00375545 his River as if something were moving
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01701-00375546-00375767 through the waters to the Southwest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01702-00375768-00375953 there's little in that direction except
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01703-00375954-00376132 for a haunted area called The Forest of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01704-00376133-00376415 Hands The Forest of hand occupies much
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01705-00376416-00376565 of the same land as the vanish and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01706-00376566-00376793 dirohit river in the Disappeared city of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01707-00376794-00377080 monteversha the magic tenjorna felt has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01708-00377081-00377230 angered many inhabitants of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01709-00377231-00377458 surrounding swamp Forest he has his
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01710-00377459-00377675 hands full of trying to calm them down
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01711-00377676-00377878 tinjorna has seen no evidence of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01712-00377879-00378137 Lost dancer amanisha he asks you to seek
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01713-00378138-00378287 out the source of the magic affecting
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01714-00378288-00378503 his River you agreed to help the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01715-00378504-00378767 riverine and he thanks you from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01716-00378768-00378941 waterfalls the Journey To The Forest of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01717-00378942-00379199 Hands takes Duke on you 10 hours
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01718-00379200-00379427 when you reach the Forest of Hands the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01719-00379428-00379613 scent of swamp takes on the sweet stink
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01720-00379614-00379895 of Rotting Flesh trees with drooping
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01721-00379896-00380087 limbs stand amid the river their
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01722-00380088-00380278 branches like hundreds of gray hands and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01723-00380279-00380495 their dangling leaves like long leathery
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01724-00380496-00380758 fingers this is the Region's notorious
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01725-00380759-00380999 angled trees plants that think of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01726-00381000-00381215 Rotting Flesh and drip Crimson sap
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01727-00381216-00381437 pushing through the Forest of Hands
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01728-00381438-00381610 eventually brings you to a clearing at
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01729-00381611-00381863 the forest heart several slow-moving
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01730-00381864-00382049 waterways convene at a rocky Island
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01731-00382050-00382289 covered in Moss and ruined stones
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01732-00382290-00382541 atop it stands to blackened rotting
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01733-00382542-00382780 stump of a great Tree on the stump
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01734-00382781-00383093 amanisha lies motionless you rush to her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01735-00383094-00383260 side and wake her up
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01736-00383261-00383567 Nisha awakens in a fog confused and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01737-00383568-00383830 disorientated she calms down when you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01738-00383831-00384034 assure her that you come to help
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01739-00384035-00384191 Nisha tells you that the wave that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01740-00384192-00384377 smashed sugar poor sees Nisha in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01741-00384378-00384695 river in Shaka then drag them here once
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01742-00384696-00384904 here Nisha was attacked by a monstrous
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01743-00384905-00385121 woman with gray skin that oozes Crimson
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01744-00385122-00385354 ichker the fiend sees the riverine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01745-00385355-00385601 shotgun declaring it belonged to her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01746-00385602-00385823 it claimed this place marks the edge of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01747-00385824-00386104 the ruins of lost monteversha the fiend
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01748-00386105-00386249 said that if Nisha thinks she's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01749-00386250-00386458 manavareshi then she can be a prisoner
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01750-00386459-00386627 here for the rest of her days
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01751-00386628-00386771 before you can complete your
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01752-00386772-00386993 conversation of amanisha a wall of fire
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01753-00386994-00387208 spell Springs up separating you from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01754-00387209-00387323 your boat
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01755-00387324-00387587 a woman with tattered ancient robes and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01756-00387588-00387803 skin the color of a drowned corpse walks
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01757-00387804-00387934 out of the swamp
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01758-00387935-00388313 she yells out welcome visitors I am Gigi
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01759-00388314-00388553 bisha manavareshi I'm sure you've heard
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01760-00388554-00388649 of me
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01761-00388650-00388841 I know you've come to steal my trophy
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01762-00388842-00389069 the woman says holding up the river in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01763-00389070-00389321 Shaka but I am the last champion of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01764-00389322-00389591 manovershi to win the river in Shaka not
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01765-00389592-00389854 this upstart it cost me everything but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01766-00389855-00390065 my victory is eternal
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01767-00390066-00390304 Gigi bisha is a vicious soul from the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01768-00390305-00390587 land's past long ago she made a deal
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01769-00390588-00390749 with Wicked forces that gave her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01770-00390750-00391019 longevity and fiendish Powers a bargain
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01771-00391020-00391223 that ultimately resulted in the ruin of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01772-00391224-00391510 monteversha she's behind amanisha's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01773-00391511-00391721 capture and is loath to let her prisoner
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01774-00391722-00391817 escape
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01775-00391818-00392056 despite her Finnish Powers she looks
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01776-00392057-00392308 like an ancient withered human after she
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01777-00392309-00392573 finishes speaking jijabisha attacks
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01778-00392574-00392860 while she fights jijabisha mocks you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01779-00392861-00393041 claiming to be the last champion of
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01780-00393042-00393269 monteversha and the only Mana virshi who
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01781-00393270-00393401 can rightfully claim the river in
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01782-00393402-00393665 ashanka eventually your fight ends with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01783-00393666-00393778 her death
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01784-00393779-00394013 when jijabisha manavarshi is destroyed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01785-00394014-00394223 all is silent for a moment before a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01786-00394224-00394403 voice drifts from beneath a tree stump
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01787-00394404-00394595 at the center of the forest heart
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01788-00394596-00394847 you out there calls a voice from beneath
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01789-00394848-00395063 the tree stump has that horror been
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01790-00395064-00395351 banished is she finally gone set things
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01791-00395352-00395669 right Set Me Free the voice says he's a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01792-00395670-00395897 Dira hit the riverine of the lassodera
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01793-00395898-00396071 head river which once nourished the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01794-00396072-00396382 great city of manoversha adirohit has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01795-00396383-00396521 been locked away for hundreds of years
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01796-00396522-00396725 beneath a mighty Mangrove that once
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01797-00396726-00396913 adorned a temple built in his honor
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01798-00396914-00397115 jigabisha attract him here using her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01799-00397116-00397282 fiendish power and forced them to cause
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01800-00397283-00397528 the flood and sugar poor now that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01801-00397529-00397756 jujubisha is gone touching any blessed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01802-00397757-00397901 shanka to the tree stump will release
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01803-00397902-00397984 him
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01804-00397985-00398219 however amanisha urges you to consider
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01805-00398220-00398380 cautiously
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01806-00398381-00398560 you probe a deer ahead for more
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01807-00398561-00398760 information he tells you that long ago
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01808-00398761-00399028 jijabisha manavareshi made a deal with a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01809-00399029-00399232 wicked God to give her fiendish powers
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01810-00399233-00399377 that would ensure her victory in the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01811-00399378-00399665 Shaka trials adirohit was outraged that
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01812-00399666-00399851 humans would pervert the sacred trials
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01813-00399852-00400025 and Unleashed a flood to punish the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01814-00400026-00400267 whole city by sinking it into the swamp
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01815-00400268-00400517 jijibisha manavareshi survived though
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01816-00400518-00400684 and declared herself winner of the
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01817-00400685-00400960 trials she used her Sinister powers to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01818-00400961-00401182 bind a deer hit within his ruined Temple
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01819-00401183-00401387 Gigi bisha was delighted that she would
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01820-00401388-00401537 be the last man of airshi to ever win
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01821-00401538-00401734 the shanka trials at least until
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01822-00401735-00401927 omanisha's victory
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01823-00401928-00402149 while adirohit is captive now and has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01824-00402150-00402401 been used by jijabisha he was not when
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01825-00402402-00402682 he sank monteversha it's up to you to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01826-00402683-00402808 determine whether you wish to free
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01827-00402809-00403091 adiroh hit amanisha has complex feelings
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01828-00403092-00403343 about this seeing adirohit has a tie to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01829-00403344-00403504 her ancient people and one who could
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01830-00403505-00403702 restore a measure of what was lost but
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01831-00403703-00403937 also a tempestuous being who destroyed
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01832-00403938-00404099 her ancestors
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01833-00404100-00404321 if you free a deer on it he emerges from
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01834-00404322-00404591 the stump in a torrent of river water he
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01835-00404592-00404813 is an arrogant riverine who looks like a
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01836-00404814-00405023 muscular middle-aged man with white hair
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01837-00405024-00405173 and blue skin
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01838-00405174-00405352 he thanks you for your service and
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01839-00405353-00405587 brings forth treasure to reward you with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01840-00405588-00405869 adira is Unapologetic for his past Deeds
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01841-00405870-00406132 even if amanisha or others ask him to
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01842-00406133-00406354 explain monteversha's fate he's
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01843-00406355-00406493 confident though that he can
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01844-00406494-00406667 re-establish his River and as soon
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01845-00406668-00406865 enough humans will build a new greater
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01846-00406866-00407147 City on its banks he invites you to rest
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01847-00407148-00407315 here under his protection and tell him
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01848-00407316-00407591 how the world has changed omanisha has
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01849-00407592-00407782 no interest in doing this though what
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01850-00407783-00408017 adira had did to monteversha fills her
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01851-00408018-00408263 with anger ultimately the riverine
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01852-00408264-00408406 allows you to leave whenever you like
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01853-00408407-00408593 but insist on rewarding you for freeing
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01854-00408594-00408737 him before you do
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01855-00408738-00408947 the Journey Back to the tanjorno river
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01856-00408948-00409265 is uneventful the riverine tenjorna is
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01857-00409266-00409421 enthusiastic to hear about your journey
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01858-00409422-00409630 and thanks you for investigating
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01859-00409631-00409810 when you return to sugarpore with
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01860-00409812-00410026 amanisha and the river in Chaka you
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01861-00410027-00410218 receive a hero's welcome
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01862-00410219-00410464 depending on adira hits fate only time
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01863-00410466-00410620 will tell how the riverine could change
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01864-00410621-00410818 the Waters of the swamp boys or whether
Nrq3eW7N0aE-01865-00410819-00411110 he's lost forever
NtauxddCV1U-00000-00001764-00004558 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00001-00004559-00007406 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00002-00007408-00008380 do
NtauxddCV1U-00003-00008381-00010357 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00004-00010358-00011123 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00005-00011124-00011786 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00006-00011787-00013416 [Music]
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NtauxddCV1U-00009-00019361-00020089 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00010-00020090-00021003 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00011-00021004-00021727 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00012-00021728-00022467 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00013-00022468-00022922 [Applause]
NtauxddCV1U-00014-00022923-00024081 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00015-00024082-00024439 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00016-00024440-00024759 so
NtauxddCV1U-00018-00027787-00028925 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00019-00028926-00030237 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00020-00030238-00030757 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00021-00030758-00031695 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00022-00031695-00031967 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00023-00031968-00032362 okay
NtauxddCV1U-00024-00032363-00032887 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00025-00032888-00033347 yes
NtauxddCV1U-00026-00033348-00034853 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00027-00034854-00035456 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00028-00035457-00037102 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00029-00037103-00037515 so
NtauxddCV1U-00030-00037516-00039505 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00031-00039506-00040174 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00032-00040175-00041407 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00033-00041408-00042623 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00034-00042624-00043559 is
NtauxddCV1U-00035-00043560-00043727 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00036-00043728-00044339 you're my dream
NtauxddCV1U-00038-00047461-00047615 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00039-00047616-00047911 i'm here just to treat you right you're
NtauxddCV1U-00040-00047912-00048174 the reason i'm alive
NtauxddCV1U-00041-00048175-00050046 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00043-00053432-00053654 i give you all my heart we are meant to
NtauxddCV1U-00044-00053655-00053847 be it's clear to see my love is bigger
NtauxddCV1U-00045-00053848-00054087 than i thought i got everything i want
NtauxddCV1U-00046-00054088-00054271 when i hold you with my own now there's
NtauxddCV1U-00047-00054272-00054407 no matter my love and my pleasure the
NtauxddCV1U-00048-00054408-00054535 key to my treasure whatever's the
NtauxddCV1U-00049-00054536-00054887 weather stay up and now with you till i
NtauxddCV1U-00050-00054888-00055030 want you to notice the one and i know
NtauxddCV1U-00051-00055032-00055207 this perfect soulmate i wanna show my
NtauxddCV1U-00052-00055208-00055415 best friend she's in my life my happy
NtauxddCV1U-00053-00055416-00056247 endings
NtauxddCV1U-00054-00056248-00056579 to myself
NtauxddCV1U-00055-00056579-00057780 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00056-00057782-00058423 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00057-00058424-00059060 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00058-00059061-00060630 [Music]
NtauxddCV1U-00059-00060632-00060839 you
NuCpR33ppJE-00000-00000053-00000353 colossal order is a finished video game
NuCpR33ppJE-00001-00000354-00000530 developer known for its business
NuCpR33ppJE-00002-00000531-00000797 simulation game series cities in motion
NuCpR33ppJE-00003-00000798-00001072 and for its city builder cities skylines
NuCpR33ppJE-00004-00001073-00001345 the company was founded in tampere
NuCpR33ppJE-00005-00001346-00001742 finland in 2009 it's publisher is
NuCpR33ppJE-00006-00001743-00002045 Paradox Interactive paradox tests
NuCpR33ppJE-00007-00002046-00002297 markets sells and distributes all games
NuCpR33ppJE-00008-00002298-00002654 by colossal order the CEO of colossal
NuCpR33ppJE-00009-00002655-00003388 order is marina Halleck einen topic
NuCpR33ppJE-00010-00003389-00004022 history colossal order was founded in
NuCpR33ppJE-00011-00004022-00004301 the summer of 2009 by a group of game
NuCpR33ppJE-00012-00004302-00004522 developers of the mobile game company
NuCpR33ppJE-00013-00004523-00004852 universe Omo marina Hali Keenan was
NuCpR33ppJE-00014-00004853-00005084 hired from outside of Universe omo as
NuCpR33ppJE-00015-00005085-00005327 the CEO of the new company at first
NuCpR33ppJE-00016-00005328-00005536 colossal order had difficulties
NuCpR33ppJE-00017-00005537-00005777 obtaining funding for its first game the
NuCpR33ppJE-00018-00005778-00005986 business simulation game cities in
NuCpR33ppJE-00019-00005987-00006215 motion that was already in development
NuCpR33ppJE-00020-00006216-00006511 when the company was founded investors
NuCpR33ppJE-00021-00006512-00006709 thought that cities in motion would not
NuCpR33ppJE-00022-00006711-00007031 attract a large enough clientele instead
NuCpR33ppJE-00023-00007031-00007262 of big investors the first steps of the
NuCpR33ppJE-00024-00007263-00007481 company were funded by Finnish public
NuCpR33ppJE-00025-00007481-00007645 instruments center for economic
NuCpR33ppJE-00026-00007647-00007945 development transport in the environment
NuCpR33ppJE-00027-00007947-00008180 deckers and digi to mo finance of the
NuCpR33ppJE-00028-00008181-00008378 promotion center for audio-visual
NuCpR33ppJE-00029-00008379-00008591 culture as well as small private
NuCpR33ppJE-00030-00008592-00008855 investors in its early phase the company
NuCpR33ppJE-00031-00008856-00009092 was coached by the Irie testily program
NuCpR33ppJE-00032-00009093-00009341 of the Tampere University of Technology
NuCpR33ppJE-00033-00009342-00009556 but advice was sought directly from
NuCpR33ppJE-00034-00009557-00009739 experienced Finnish game development
NuCpR33ppJE-00035-00009740-00009992 companies as well specifically remedy
NuCpR33ppJE-00036-00009993-00010310 entertainment and frozen byte upon being
NuCpR33ppJE-00037-00010311-00010571 founded colossal order compared dozens
NuCpR33ppJE-00038-00010572-00010769 of publishers and ended up signing a
NuCpR33ppJE-00039-00010770-00010955 publishing agreement with Paradox
NuCpR33ppJE-00040-00010956-00011196 Interactive after over a year's worth of
NuCpR33ppJE-00041-00011197-00011480 negotiations in October 2015
NuCpR33ppJE-00042-00011481-00011702 colossal order was awarded the Finnish
NuCpR33ppJE-00043-00011703-00011924 game developer of the year Finnish food
NuCpR33ppJE-00044-00011925-00012181 and suomalainen felling kotoha award at
NuCpR33ppJE-00045-00012182-00012478 the Digi expo convention the judges
NuCpR33ppJE-00046-00012479-00012749 thanked colossal order for focusing from
NuCpR33ppJE-00047-00012750-00013160 its inception on in addition to
NuCpR33ppJE-00048-00013161-00013409 developing games also developing
NuCpR33ppJE-00049-00013410-00014174 it's business model topic
NuCpR33ppJE-00050-00014175-00014807 games the relationship between colossal
NuCpR33ppJE-00051-00014808-00014987 order and its publisher Paradox
NuCpR33ppJE-00052-00014988-00015221 Interactive has been characterized as
NuCpR33ppJE-00053-00015222-00015518 constructive colossal order has the
NuCpR33ppJE-00054-00015519-00015694 freedom to create games without
NuCpR33ppJE-00055-00015696-00015935 limitations set by the publisher by
NuCpR33ppJE-00056-00015936-00016138 those on schedules unlike the game
NuCpR33ppJE-00057-00016140-00016361 developers that founded it colossal
NuCpR33ppJE-00058-00016362-00016612 order does not develop mobile games
NuCpR33ppJE-00059-00016613-00016972 instead the company focuses on PC games
NuCpR33ppJE-00060-00016973-00017213 employees of the company have their own
NuCpR33ppJE-00061-00017214-00017444 internal wiki platform for developing
NuCpR33ppJE-00062-00017445-00017780 games games by colossal order are known
NuCpR33ppJE-00063-00017781-00018053 for their active modding communities one
NuCpR33ppJE-00064-00018054-00018218 of the programmers that the company
NuCpR33ppJE-00065-00018219-00018440 works full time on modding tools the
NuCpR33ppJE-00066-00018441-00018638 best-known game of the company is the
NuCpR33ppJE-00067-00018639-00018842 city building game cities skylines
NuCpR33ppJE-00068-00018843-00019256 published in March 2015 it competes with
NuCpR33ppJE-00069-00019257-00019463 games of the SimCity and Cities XL
NuCpR33ppJE-00070-00019464-00019769 series cities skylines got its first
NuCpR33ppJE-00071-00019770-00020096 expansion pack cities skylines after
NuCpR33ppJE-00072-00020097-00020474 dark in september 2015 its second
NuCpR33ppJE-00073-00020475-00020792 expansion pack came out in February 2016
NuCpR33ppJE-00074-00020793-00021155 called cities skylines snowfall a third
NuCpR33ppJE-00075-00021156-00021476 expansion pack cities skylines natural
NuCpR33ppJE-00076-00021477-00021803 disasters was released in November 2016
NuCpR33ppJE-00077-00021804-00022067 the fourth expansion pack mass transit
NuCpR33ppJE-00078-00022068-00022493 in May 2017 the fifth expansion green
NuCpR33ppJE-00079-00022494-00022829 cities came out in October 2017 and the
NuCpR33ppJE-00080-00022830-00023045 sixth expansion park life was released
NuCpR33ppJE-00081-00023046-00023456 in May 2018 the seventh and most recent
NuCpR33ppJE-00082-00023457-00024244 industries was released in October 2018
NuCpR33ppJE-00083-00024245-00024934 topic list of games cities in motion
NuCpR33ppJE-00084-00024935-00025562 2011 cities in motion to 2013 cities
NuCpR33ppJE-00085-00025563-00026243 skylines 2015 equals equals see also
NxMsigtRWzg-00000-00000000-00000512 I always made that kind of entrance I
NxMsigtRWzg-00001-00000513-00000722 think that before we get started here
NxMsigtRWzg-00002-00000723-00000937 just with the show and somebody I'm
NxMsigtRWzg-00003-00000938-00001087 gonna heat builder developers do you
NxMsigtRWzg-00004-00001088-00001673 have marina okay how many Realtors we
NxMsigtRWzg-00005-00001673-00001891 have interview
NxMsigtRWzg-00006-00001892-00002630 how many municipal workers do we have
NxMsigtRWzg-00007-00002631-00003359 every weekend and how many people we
NxMsigtRWzg-00008-00003360-00003584 have in the room here that know someone
NxMsigtRWzg-00009-00003585-00003911 with a disability that's affected every
NxMsigtRWzg-00010-00003911-00004517 day put your hands up if you don't so
NxMsigtRWzg-00011-00004518-00004754 I'm gonna come I'm talking today from a
NxMsigtRWzg-00012-00004755-00004970 place that's very near and dear to my
NxMsigtRWzg-00013-00004971-00005113 heart
NxMsigtRWzg-00014-00005114-00005597 my cousin Tiffany was born 12 minutes
NxMsigtRWzg-00015-00005598-00006095 dead there's a lot of complications they
NxMsigtRWzg-00016-00006096-00006354 were able to bring her back to life and
NxMsigtRWzg-00017-00006355-00006581 they said you know she's going maybe 12
NxMsigtRWzg-00018-00006583-00006935 hours then they said maybe to the end of
NxMsigtRWzg-00019-00006936-00007134 the day then it was at the end of the
NxMsigtRWzg-00020-00007134-00007527 week today she's 29 years old and the
NxMsigtRWzg-00021-00007528-00007641 reason why I'm telling you this a little
NxMsigtRWzg-00022-00007642-00008045 bit of a story is we've always been a
NxMsigtRWzg-00023-00008047-00008274 bit of a kindred spirit for a night you
NxMsigtRWzg-00024-00008275-00008639 know she's 29
NxMsigtRWzg-00025-00008640-00008943 body of a 29 year old woman but
NxMsigtRWzg-00026-00008944-00009338 mentality of a 7 or 8 year old real
NxMsigtRWzg-00027-00009339-00009668 sweetheart loves to interact
NxMsigtRWzg-00028-00009669-00009951 but as my uncle and aunt are getting
NxMsigtRWzg-00029-00009952-00010271 older what I was able to see over the
NxMsigtRWzg-00030-00010272-00010623 years is you know they come and visit my
NxMsigtRWzg-00031-00010624-00011055 home I'm able my former wrestler so you
NxMsigtRWzg-00032-00011056-00011171 know I'll pick up Tiffany and I'll take
NxMsigtRWzg-00033-00011172-00011324 her upstairs and I'll take her to lunch
NxMsigtRWzg-00034-00011325-00011588 or take her downstairs where I'll be
NxMsigtRWzg-00035-00011589-00011760 outside with her or I'll carrier here or
NxMsigtRWzg-00036-00011761-00011970 I'll do this or I'll do that
NxMsigtRWzg-00037-00011971-00012288 my uncle name used to visit quite a bit
NxMsigtRWzg-00038-00012289-00012545 you know to other family members homes
NxMsigtRWzg-00039-00012546-00012804 what I'm finding is is that they no
NxMsigtRWzg-00040-00012805-00012971 longer can do that and the reason they
NxMsigtRWzg-00041-00012972-00013215 can't is is physically they're unable to
NxMsigtRWzg-00042-00013216-00013743 do it but more morbid is about not
NxMsigtRWzg-00043-00013744-00013958 feeling that they can go there because
NxMsigtRWzg-00044-00013959-00014358 if Tiffany needs to go to the washroom
NxMsigtRWzg-00045-00014359-00014563 or they can't stay with her there so
NxMsigtRWzg-00046-00014565-00014813 things like me take for granted like
NxMsigtRWzg-00047-00014815-00015003 myself I got up by that you know my
NxMsigtRWzg-00048-00015004-00015213 nervous pee before my speech I scooted
NxMsigtRWzg-00049-00015213-00015312 over the back there I went to the
NxMsigtRWzg-00050-00015313-00015561 Washington not a problem but what we
NxMsigtRWzg-00051-00015562-00015840 failed to see is that sometimes simple
NxMsigtRWzg-00052-00015841-00016128 little changes can make a huge
NxMsigtRWzg-00053-00016129-00016430 difference to how people can live my
NxMsigtRWzg-00054-00016431-00016554 presentation today is gonna be about
NxMsigtRWzg-00055-00016555-00016938 inclusivity and inclusive living you can
NxMsigtRWzg-00056-00016939-00017222 flip through them this is a little bit
NxMsigtRWzg-00057-00017223-00017519 about who we are over the last 25 years
NxMsigtRWzg-00058-00017520-00017793 as you heard we built about 10,000 new
NxMsigtRWzg-00059-00017794-00018021 homes in the area under a different name
NxMsigtRWzg-00060-00018022-00018267 brand and resource homes
NxMsigtRWzg-00061-00018268-00018462 there's over 80 years of collective
NxMsigtRWzg-00062-00018463-00018666 experience and the reason why I'm
NxMsigtRWzg-00063-00018667-00018957 telling you this year is change won't
NxMsigtRWzg-00064-00018958-00019236 happen unless it starts at the top
NxMsigtRWzg-00065-00019237-00019488 Peter myself really believed in this and
NxMsigtRWzg-00066-00019489-00019703 that's kind of what initiated all of
NxMsigtRWzg-00067-00019704-00019944 this last October I was asked to present
NxMsigtRWzg-00068-00019945-00020372 an age-friendly like I can't quite
NxMsigtRWzg-00069-00020373-00020765 remember what it was and from there
NxMsigtRWzg-00070-00020766-00021015 Trudy was great she came up and right
NxMsigtRWzg-00071-00021016-00021159 away was sort of in my face and said you
NxMsigtRWzg-00072-00021160-00021339 know you can make a real difference in
NxMsigtRWzg-00073-00021340-00021462 this world you know and you can do this
NxMsigtRWzg-00074-00021463-00021711 and this and this and truthfully until
NxMsigtRWzg-00075-00021712-00022125 she did that I wasn't really aware of it
NxMsigtRWzg-00076-00022126-00022311 I was living with it there's my cousin
NxMsigtRWzg-00077-00022312-00022455 Tiffany I'm carrying her up and down
NxMsigtRWzg-00078-00022456-00022758 stairs but really you know as a builder
NxMsigtRWzg-00079-00022759-00023325 to build 10,000 homes you really didn't
NxMsigtRWzg-00080-00023326-00023496 understand what we were doing because
NxMsigtRWzg-00081-00023497-00023733 you do what you do every day because you
NxMsigtRWzg-00082-00023734-00023955 were taught to do it that way and until
NxMsigtRWzg-00083-00023956-00024084 you really sort of start thinking
NxMsigtRWzg-00084-00024085-00024309 outside of the box you don't make those
NxMsigtRWzg-00085-00024310-00024499 change
NxMsigtRWzg-00086-00024500-00024761 you skip this stuff they give me dude on
NxMsigtRWzg-00087-00024762-00025294 the website next next so what is
NxMsigtRWzg-00088-00025295-00025620 inclusive living visible adaptable
NxMsigtRWzg-00089-00025622-00025864 accessible and I know I spelt it wrong
NxMsigtRWzg-00090-00025866-00026168 it's on purpose okay what do they all
NxMsigtRWzg-00091-00026169-00026239 have in common
NxMsigtRWzg-00092-00026241-00026630 able were all able bodies and if we work
NxMsigtRWzg-00093-00026631-00026962 together we can make and change the
NxMsigtRWzg-00094-00026963-00027574 conversation so Webster's defines it as
NxMsigtRWzg-00095-00027575-00027808 including everything so inclusive living
NxMsigtRWzg-00096-00027809-00028045 is including everything so what is
NxMsigtRWzg-00097-00028047-00028181 everything move for today we're talking
NxMsigtRWzg-00098-00028182-00028471 about no-step entry at least one per
NxMsigtRWzg-00099-00028472-00028892 dwelling maintenance or way with 36 and
NxMsigtRWzg-00100-00028893-00029212 a hallway of 43 main level has an
NxMsigtRWzg-00101-00029213-00029495 accessible half bathroom with minimum of
NxMsigtRWzg-00102-00029495-00029845 1,500 mill turning radius seem pretty
NxMsigtRWzg-00103-00029847-00030118 hard pretty simple right not that
NxMsigtRWzg-00104-00030119-00030481 difficult
NxMsigtRWzg-00105-00030482-00030658 I'm going to talk about our personal
NxMsigtRWzg-00106-00030658-00030835 experience so this was our project that
NxMsigtRWzg-00107-00030836-00031152 we were doing on our doing that 42 West
NxMsigtRWzg-00108-00031154-00031458 acres so we started out this was a site
NxMsigtRWzg-00109-00031460-00031768 that we were gonna put 40 units on and
NxMsigtRWzg-00110-00031769-00031966 through the planning stage so the raw
NxMsigtRWzg-00111-00031967-00032254 land stage we've it's an infill site so
NxMsigtRWzg-00112-00032255-00032427 again we were thinking well this would
NxMsigtRWzg-00113-00032429-00032664 be great here's a community it's an
NxMsigtRWzg-00114-00032666-00032872 older community that got homes there
NxMsigtRWzg-00115-00032873-00033147 that are 2 story back splits bungalows
NxMsigtRWzg-00116-00033148-00033451 which people that are aging and want to
NxMsigtRWzg-00117-00033452-00033685 stay in place but if they can't stay in
NxMsigtRWzg-00118-00033686-00033841 place at least they can stay within the
NxMsigtRWzg-00119-00033842-00034180 community so I challenged uh Carlos in
NxMsigtRWzg-00120-00034181-00034471 our office use our designer sort of like
NxMsigtRWzg-00121-00034472-00034765 normal is here I challenged and said hey
NxMsigtRWzg-00122-00034766-00035038 listen these are the things that that we
NxMsigtRWzg-00123-00035039-00035293 need to be visible how are you gonna how
NxMsigtRWzg-00124-00035294-00035410 are we going to implement this in our
NxMsigtRWzg-00125-00035411-00035644 project here and they actually worked
NxMsigtRWzg-00126-00035645-00036031 for us so this site here has quite a
NxMsigtRWzg-00127-00036032-00036463 great change and all along the back and
NxMsigtRWzg-00128-00036464-00036613 unfortunately I don't have a pointer but
NxMsigtRWzg-00129-00036614-00037123 the black dark line here that's a
NxMsigtRWzg-00130-00037124-00037201 retaining wall
NxMsigtRWzg-00131-00037202-00037426 well that ran across the whole entire
NxMsigtRWzg-00132-00037427-00037699 site so I said to Carlos wow that's
NxMsigtRWzg-00133-00037700-00037954 expensive yeah James was talking you
NxMsigtRWzg-00134-00037955-00038092 know what the builders firstly think
NxMsigtRWzg-00135-00038093-00038275 about is expensive oh that's expensive
NxMsigtRWzg-00136-00038276-00038494 single-pane double pane triple pane
NxMsigtRWzg-00137-00038495-00038776 that's expensive right yes it is it's
NxMsigtRWzg-00138-00038777-00038917 all about economics at the end of the
NxMsigtRWzg-00139-00038918-00039268 day so we were able to do though as take
NxMsigtRWzg-00140-00039269-00039595 a look at the site redesign the reorient
NxMsigtRWzg-00141-00039596-00039787 the buildings take a look at the design
NxMsigtRWzg-00142-00039788-00040078 of the buildings and we change them to
NxMsigtRWzg-00143-00040079-00040483 incorporate all the main level so
NxMsigtRWzg-00144-00040484-00040665 there's nine units now on this site
NxMsigtRWzg-00145-00040666-00041307 of the 27 that will be visible so you're
NxMsigtRWzg-00146-00041308-00041577 looking at this you're saying how the
NxMsigtRWzg-00147-00041578-00041898 heckler goes visible well if you look at
NxMsigtRWzg-00148-00041899-00042201 the lower level the whole site was
NxMsigtRWzg-00149-00042202-00042492 graded so that anyone in the wheelchair
NxMsigtRWzg-00150-00042493-00042804 anyone with a disability there's no
NxMsigtRWzg-00151-00042805-00043128 stairs at all and these units on the
NxMsigtRWzg-00152-00043129-00043566 bottom floor all nine units are
NxMsigtRWzg-00153-00043567-00043703 completely visible
NxMsigtRWzg-00154-00043704-00044046 so the doorway is of what they call a
NxMsigtRWzg-00155-00044047-00044397 low profile threshold the one thing that
NxMsigtRWzg-00156-00044398-00044787 I will let people know in here that some
NxMsigtRWzg-00157-00044788-00044940 of the things that you have to work on
NxMsigtRWzg-00158-00044941-00045048 is you have to get the right to our
NxMsigtRWzg-00159-00045049-00045234 manufacturer because some of the
NxMsigtRWzg-00160-00045235-00045501 low-profile doors that are out there are
NxMsigtRWzg-00161-00045502-00045747 prone to leaking and it's just because
NxMsigtRWzg-00162-00045748-00046086 again they're new it's different so
NxMsigtRWzg-00163-00046087-00046203 those are things that you want to want
NxMsigtRWzg-00164-00046204-00046353 to make sure you get the right door door
NxMsigtRWzg-00165-00046354-00046701 style in there if you go to the next one
NxMsigtRWzg-00166-00046702-00046824 here that gives you sort of more of
NxMsigtRWzg-00167-00046825-00047082 straight on cue again there's a covered
NxMsigtRWzg-00168-00047083-00047409 porch for the lower that will so get
NxMsigtRWzg-00169-00047410-00047634 anyone that's in a wheelchair you know
NxMsigtRWzg-00170-00047635-00048045 can gather the out of the rain next and
NxMsigtRWzg-00171-00048046-00048309 these are our floor plans here so you
NxMsigtRWzg-00172-00048310-00048540 can see there's the turning circles that
NxMsigtRWzg-00173-00048541-00049053 we've shown you all throughout Thanks so
NxMsigtRWzg-00174-00049054-00049272 it seems like a lot of work but truly a
NxMsigtRWzg-00175-00049273-00049475 little bit of planning can go a long way
NxMsigtRWzg-00176-00049476-00049699 this site has like I said
NxMsigtRWzg-00177-00049700-00050107 visible units designed for it some of
NxMsigtRWzg-00178-00050108-00050455 the problems that we're currently facing
NxMsigtRWzg-00179-00050456-00050829 our we're at council it's different
NxMsigtRWzg-00180-00050830-00051124 council understands what it's about we
NxMsigtRWzg-00181-00051125-00051449 have the NIMBYism not my backyard so we
NxMsigtRWzg-00182-00051450-00051548 have some neighbors that are a little
NxMsigtRWzg-00183-00051549-00051625 bit concerned
NxMsigtRWzg-00184-00051626-00051805 you know they while these are affordable
NxMsigtRWzg-00185-00051807-00051952 you and that's you know who's moving in
NxMsigtRWzg-00186-00051953-00052183 here what's this visibility thing so I
NxMsigtRWzg-00187-00052184-00052417 think we need to do a better job and
NxMsigtRWzg-00188-00052419-00052588 communicating to people it's about
NxMsigtRWzg-00189-00052589-00052796 inclusivity it's about everybody being
NxMsigtRWzg-00190-00052797-00053087 able to sort of use live together it
NxMsigtRWzg-00191-00053088-00053182 doesn't matter if you're black white
NxMsigtRWzg-00192-00053183-00053540 orange blue in a wheelchair you know
NxMsigtRWzg-00193-00053541-00053729 drive a motorcycle it really doesn't
NxMsigtRWzg-00194-00053729-00054197 matter it's about fitting in next so
NxMsigtRWzg-00195-00054198-00054515 this is the sort of a snapshot so I
NxMsigtRWzg-00196-00054516-00054641 challenge Carlos just to make it
NxMsigtRWzg-00197-00054641-00054953 physical and this is what I love about
NxMsigtRWzg-00198-00054954-00055192 our designers out there like the moles
NxMsigtRWzg-00199-00055194-00055567 of the world Alexandra's a planner you
NxMsigtRWzg-00200-00055569-00055853 you you challenge him with one little
NxMsigtRWzg-00201-00055854-00056084 thing you start changing the
NxMsigtRWzg-00202-00056085-00056332 conversation he came back and actually
NxMsigtRWzg-00203-00056333-00056635 all of these units will have the option
NxMsigtRWzg-00204-00056636-00057191 of being adaptable and accessible which
NxMsigtRWzg-00205-00057191-00057355 I'm really proud of and I'm proud of
NxMsigtRWzg-00206-00057356-00057704 Carlos because again he design units
NxMsigtRWzg-00207-00057704-00057919 root for this before and he designed
NxMsigtRWzg-00208-00057920-00058057 them because I said told my childhood
NxMsigtRWzg-00209-00058058-00058184 and said this is what I need you to do
NxMsigtRWzg-00210-00058185-00058463 I'd never challenged him
NxMsigtRWzg-00211-00058464-00058741 to this level and once I did this is
NxMsigtRWzg-00212-00058742-00058841 what we had
NxMsigtRWzg-00213-00058841-00059144 so again probably proud of my designer
NxMsigtRWzg-00214-00059145-00059375 but proud of our industry because if we
NxMsigtRWzg-00215-00059376-00059546 put our minds together we can really
NxMsigtRWzg-00216-00059547-00059880 really make the difference Thanks
NxMsigtRWzg-00217-00059882-00060272 so conclusion if there's a will there's
NxMsigtRWzg-00218-00060273-00060404 always a way
NxMsigtRWzg-00219-00060404-00060602 inclusive livings about allowing people
NxMsigtRWzg-00220-00060603-00060860 to have choice to fit into society with
NxMsigtRWzg-00221-00060861-00061103 this little difference as possible we're
NxMsigtRWzg-00222-00061104-00061271 all able people that have been blessed
NxMsigtRWzg-00223-00061272-00061577 with many skills and talents if we put
NxMsigtRWzg-00224-00061578-00061865 our able-body are able minds together we
NxMsigtRWzg-00225-00061866-00062012 can work on the challenge of inclusivity
NxMsigtRWzg-00226-00062013-00062285 we can achieve as a goal living it's
NxMsigtRWzg-00227-00062286-00062578 really really easy it's not difficult
NxMsigtRWzg-00228-00062579-00062842 it's time to change the conversation I
NxMsigtRWzg-00229-00062844-00063098 really like some of the panel members
NxMsigtRWzg-00230-00063099-00063292 here I don't believe you want to
NxMsigtRWzg-00231-00063294-00063536 legislate it because anytime you plan
NxMsigtRWzg-00232-00063537-00063737 translated anything we always say we're
NxMsigtRWzg-00233-00063738-00063974 Adama we forget something something
NxMsigtRWzg-00234-00063975-00064298 doesn't get done if we get in front of
NxMsigtRWzg-00235-00064299-00064490 the right people if you get in front of
NxMsigtRWzg-00236-00064491-00064625 the Builder they get in front of the
NxMsigtRWzg-00237-00064626-00064792 industry if you get in front of the
NxMsigtRWzg-00238-00064794-00065057 counselors we will change the
NxMsigtRWzg-00239-00065058-00065249 conversation and that's the best way to
NxMsigtRWzg-00240-00065250-00065429 do it because everybody feels like
NxMsigtRWzg-00241-00065429-00065603 they're a part of the solution as
NxMsigtRWzg-00242-00065604-00066203 opposed to being regulated thank you
NxMsigtRWzg-00243-00066204-00066386 very much and if you have any questions
NxMsigtRWzg-00244-00066387-00066701 all I'll be there
Nyz3nykAcoM-00000-00000048-00000305 the events also spelled a winky or a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00001-00000306-00000509 Venky aadheenam Ivanka leaving chol
Nyz3nykAcoM-00002-00000509-00000757 Russian a Venky hey Venky Chinese II
Nyz3nykAcoM-00003-00000758-00001031 when kazooie wank Zoo formerly known as
Nyz3nykAcoM-00004-00001032-00001286 Tonga sir Tungus Mongolian hem Negin
Nyz3nykAcoM-00005-00001287-00001544 come diggin or I went G Chinese I wen
Nyz3nykAcoM-00006-00001545-00001832 Gesu ing zu are a tongue gusik people of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00007-00001832-00002111 northern Asia in Russia the events are
Nyz3nykAcoM-00008-00002112-00002261 recognized as one of the indigenous
Nyz3nykAcoM-00009-00002262-00002444 peoples of the Russian north with a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00010-00002445-00002902 population of 38,000 396 2010 census in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00011-00002903-00003217 China the event key form one of the 56
Nyz3nykAcoM-00012-00003218-00003436 ethnic groups officially recognized by
Nyz3nykAcoM-00013-00003438-00003635 the People's Republic of China with a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00014-00003636-00004034 population of 30,000 875 2010 census
Nyz3nykAcoM-00015-00004035-00004412 there are 537 of banks called calm began
Nyz3nykAcoM-00016-00004413-00005117 in Mongolian in Mongolia 2015 census
Nyz3nykAcoM-00017-00005118-00005517 origin
Nyz3nykAcoM-00018-00005518-00005835 topic the events or a winky are
Nyz3nykAcoM-00019-00005836-00006039 sometimes conjectured to be connected to
Nyz3nykAcoM-00020-00006040-00006207 the show a people who inhabited the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00021-00006208-00006390 greater king and range in the 5th to 9th
Nyz3nykAcoM-00022-00006391-00006573 centuries although the native land of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00023-00006573-00006773 the majority of a Venki people is in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00024-00006775-00006969 vast regions of Siberia between Lake
Nyz3nykAcoM-00025-00006970-00007256 Baikal and the Amur River the e winkie
Nyz3nykAcoM-00026-00007258-00007437 language forms the northern branch of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00027-00007438-00007626 the manchu tongue gusik language group
Nyz3nykAcoM-00028-00007627-00007866 and is closely related to even a- in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00029-00007867-00008241 siberia by 1600 the events or e Weinke
Nyz3nykAcoM-00030-00008242-00008433 of the lena and uni sea river valleys
Nyz3nykAcoM-00031-00008434-00008691 were successful reindeer herders by
Nyz3nykAcoM-00032-00008692-00008928 contrast the Solon's ancestors of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00033-00008929-00009099 event keys in china and the common
Nyz3nykAcoM-00034-00009100-00009294 against a Winkies of trans-baikal iya
Nyz3nykAcoM-00035-00009295-00009459 had picked up horse breeding and the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00036-00009460-00009708 mongolian deal from the mongols the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00037-00009709-00009903 Solon's nomads dies DeLong the Amur
Nyz3nykAcoM-00038-00009904-00010134 River they were closely related to the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00039-00010135-00010356 door people to the west the common again
Nyz3nykAcoM-00040-00010357-00010530 were another group of horse breeding of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00041-00010531-00010827 ank's in the trans-baikal iya area also
Nyz3nykAcoM-00042-00010828-00011055 in the Amur Valley a body of Siberian a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00043-00011056-00011274 Venky speaking people were called origin
Nyz3nykAcoM-00044-00011275-00011633 by the Manchus
Nyz3nykAcoM-00045-00011634-00012196 topic historical distribution
Nyz3nykAcoM-00046-00012197-00012556 topic the ancestors of the southeastern
Nyz3nykAcoM-00047-00012557-00012727 abanks have most likely been in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00048-00012728-00012946 Baikal region of southern Siberia near
Nyz3nykAcoM-00049-00012947-00013141 the modern-day Mongolian border since
Nyz3nykAcoM-00050-00013141-00013416 the Neolithic era considering the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00051-00013418-00013647 northwestern of ankhs the origin of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00052-00013649-00013849 events as the result of complex
Nyz3nykAcoM-00053-00013850-00014104 processes different in time involving
Nyz3nykAcoM-00054-00014105-00014241 the mixing of different ancient
Nyz3nykAcoM-00055-00014243-00014461 aboriginal tribes from the north of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00056-00014462-00014710 Siberia with tribes related in language
Nyz3nykAcoM-00057-00014711-00015025 to the Turks and Mongols the language of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00058-00015026-00015229 these tribes took precedence over the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00059-00015230-00015555 languages of the aboriginal population
Nyz3nykAcoM-00060-00015556-00015961 Vasilievich 623 Vasilyevich is meaning
Nyz3nykAcoM-00061-00015962-00016162 the Tengu SiC languages and the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00062-00016163-00016347 aboriginals are the cats in a van Kia
Nyz3nykAcoM-00063-00016349-00016624 and you Cougars in yakuza elements of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00064-00016625-00016816 more modern event culture including
Nyz3nykAcoM-00065-00016817-00017059 conical tent dwellings bonefish lers and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00066-00017060-00017251 birch bark boats were all present in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00067-00017252-00017434 sites that are believed to be Neolithic
Nyz3nykAcoM-00068-00017435-00017716 from Lake Baikal they spread to the Amur
Nyz3nykAcoM-00069-00017717-00017980 in a code 6 e dot the Lena basin dot in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00070-00017981-00018487 the NEC Basin 623
Nyz3nykAcoM-00071-00018488-00019041 topic contact with Russians
Nyz3nykAcoM-00072-00019042-00019410 topic in the 17th century the Russian
Nyz3nykAcoM-00073-00019411-00019649 Empire made contact with the events
Nyz3nykAcoM-00074-00019650-00019908 cossacks who served as a kind of border
Nyz3nykAcoM-00075-00019909-00020097 guard for the Tsarist government imposed
Nyz3nykAcoM-00076-00020098-00020388 a fur tax on the Siberian tribes the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00077-00020389-00020580 Cossacks exploited the event clan
Nyz3nykAcoM-00078-00020581-00020778 hierarchy and took hostages from the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00079-00020779-00020943 highest members in order to ensure
Nyz3nykAcoM-00080-00020944-00021189 payment of the tax although there was
Nyz3nykAcoM-00081-00021190-00021375 some rebellion against local officials
Nyz3nykAcoM-00082-00021376-00021591 the evangelii recognized the need for
Nyz3nykAcoM-00083-00021592-00021792 peaceful cultural relations with the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00084-00021793-00022172 Russians vassilyevitch 620 for contact
Nyz3nykAcoM-00085-00022173-00022350 with the Russians and constant demand
Nyz3nykAcoM-00086-00022351-00022581 for fur taxes pushed the events East all
Nyz3nykAcoM-00087-00022582-00022769 the way to Sakhalin Island where some
Nyz3nykAcoM-00088-00022770-00023061 still lived today castles in the 19th
Nyz3nykAcoM-00089-00023062-00023294 century some groups migrated south and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00090-00023295-00023472 east into Mongolia and Manchuria
Nyz3nykAcoM-00091-00023473-00023853 Vasilyevich 625 today there are still
Nyz3nykAcoM-00092-00023854-00024132 advant populations in Sakhalin Mongolia
Nyz3nykAcoM-00093-00024133-00024375 and Manchuria ethnologue and to a lesser
Nyz3nykAcoM-00094-00024376-00024594 extent their traditional Baikal region
Nyz3nykAcoM-00095-00024595-00025030 jung-hoon n'
Nyz3nykAcoM-00096-00025031-00025582 topic traditional life
Nyz3nykAcoM-00097-00025583-00025912 topic traditionally they were a mixture
Nyz3nykAcoM-00098-00025913-00026103 of pastoralists and hunter-gatherers
Nyz3nykAcoM-00099-00026104-00026308 they relied on their domesticated
Nyz3nykAcoM-00100-00026308-00026500 reindeer for milk and transport and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00101-00026501-00026652 hunted other large game for meat
Nyz3nykAcoM-00102-00026654-00027064 vasilyevitch 622 one today tea Kiev
Nyz3nykAcoM-00103-00027064-00027264 ank's are divided into two large groups
Nyz3nykAcoM-00104-00027266-00027483 engaging in different types of economy
Nyz3nykAcoM-00105-00027485-00027694 these are the hunting and reindeer
Nyz3nykAcoM-00106-00027695-00027889 breeding of Banks dot in the horse and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00107-00027889-00028083 cattle pastoral of banks as well as some
Nyz3nykAcoM-00108-00028085-00028452 farming of banks 620 the events lived
Nyz3nykAcoM-00109-00028454-00028636 mostly in areas of what is called a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00110-00028637-00028930 taiga or boreal forest they lived in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00111-00028931-00029137 conical tents made from birch bark or
Nyz3nykAcoM-00112-00029138-00029425 reindeer skin tied to birch poles when
Nyz3nykAcoM-00113-00029426-00029595 they moved camp the events would leave
Nyz3nykAcoM-00114-00029597-00029791 these frameworks and carry only the more
Nyz3nykAcoM-00115-00029792-00030061 portable coverings during winter the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00116-00030062-00030283 hunting season most camps consisted of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00117-00030283-00030454 one or two tents while the spring
Nyz3nykAcoM-00118-00030455-00030627 encampments had up to ten households
Nyz3nykAcoM-00119-00030627-00031066 Vasilyevich 637 their skill of riding
Nyz3nykAcoM-00120-00031067-00031245 the domesticated reindeer allowed the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00121-00031247-00031452 events to colonize vast areas of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00122-00031454-00031645 eastern taiga which had previously been
Nyz3nykAcoM-00123-00031645-00032005 impenetrable by Tubb ski 31 the events
Nyz3nykAcoM-00124-00032006-00032182 used a saddle unique to their culture
Nyz3nykAcoM-00125-00032183-00032350 which is placed on the shoulders of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00126-00032351-00032514 reindeer so as to lessen the strain on
Nyz3nykAcoM-00127-00032516-00032722 the animal and used not stirrups but a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00128-00032723-00033088 stick to balance 31 to 32 events did not
Nyz3nykAcoM-00129-00033089-00033274 develop reindeer sledges until
Nyz3nykAcoM-00130-00033275-00033586 comparatively recent times 32 they
Nyz3nykAcoM-00131-00033587-00033757 instead used their reindeer as pack
Nyz3nykAcoM-00132-00033758-00033940 animals and often traversed great
Nyz3nykAcoM-00133-00033941-00034165 distances on foot using snowshoes or
Nyz3nykAcoM-00134-00034166-00034594 skis vassilyevitch 627 the Evenki people
Nyz3nykAcoM-00135-00034595-00034783 did not eat their domesticated reindeer
Nyz3nykAcoM-00136-00034784-00034945 although they did hunt and eat wild
Nyz3nykAcoM-00137-00034946-00035119 reindeer but kept them for milk for
Nyz3nykAcoM-00138-00035120-00035458 sight 49 250 large herds of reindeer
Nyz3nykAcoM-00139-00035459-00035617 were very uncommon
Nyz3nykAcoM-00140-00035618-00035857 most of ank's had around 25 head of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00141-00035858-00036015 reindeer because they were generally
Nyz3nykAcoM-00142-00036016-00036262 bred for transportation unlike in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00143-00036263-00036454 several other neighboring tribes a vank
Nyz3nykAcoM-00144-00036455-00036604 reindeer breeding did not include
Nyz3nykAcoM-00145-00036605-00036823 herding of reindeer by dogs nor any
Nyz3nykAcoM-00146-00036824-00037167 other specific features Vasilyevich 629
Nyz3nykAcoM-00147-00037168-00037429 very early in the spring season the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00148-00037430-00037606 winter camps broke up and moved to
Nyz3nykAcoM-00149-00037607-00037870 places suitable for calving several
Nyz3nykAcoM-00150-00037871-00038044 households pastured their animals
Nyz3nykAcoM-00151-00038045-00038203 together throughout the summer being
Nyz3nykAcoM-00152-00038204-00038455 careful to keep a special areas fenced
Nyz3nykAcoM-00153-00038456-00038650 off to guard the newborn calves against
Nyz3nykAcoM-00154-00038651-00039218 being trampled on in a large herd 629
Nyz3nykAcoM-00155-00039219-00039696 topic clothing
Nyz3nykAcoM-00156-00039697-00040050 topic the Avance war a characteristic
Nyz3nykAcoM-00157-00040051-00040257 costume adapted to the cold but rather
Nyz3nykAcoM-00158-00040258-00040497 dry climate of Central Siberia and to a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00159-00040498-00040668 life of mobility they wore brief
Nyz3nykAcoM-00160-00040669-00040878 garments of soft rain deer or elk skin
Nyz3nykAcoM-00161-00040879-00040959 around their hips
Nyz3nykAcoM-00162-00040960-00041145 along with leggings and moccasins or
Nyz3nykAcoM-00163-00041146-00041337 else long supple boots reaching to the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00164-00041338-00041673 thigh 49 they also wore a deerskin coat
Nyz3nykAcoM-00165-00041674-00041859 that did not close in front but was
Nyz3nykAcoM-00166-00041860-00042047 instead covered with an apron like cloth
Nyz3nykAcoM-00167-00042048-00042321 some a Venky's decorated their clothing
Nyz3nykAcoM-00168-00042322-00042606 with fringes or embroidery 50 the Evenki
Nyz3nykAcoM-00169-00042607-00042846 traditional costume always consisted of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00170-00042847-00043032 these elements the loincloth made of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00171-00043033-00043224 animal hide leggings and boots of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00172-00043225-00043620 varying lengths Vasilyevich 641 facial
Nyz3nykAcoM-00173-00043621-00044078 tattooing was also very common
Nyz3nykAcoM-00174-00044079-00044545 topic hunting
Nyz3nykAcoM-00175-00044546-00044902 topic the traditional of vank economy
Nyz3nykAcoM-00176-00044903-00045127 was a mix of pastoralism of horses or
Nyz3nykAcoM-00177-00045128-00045397 reindeer fishing and hunting the event
Nyz3nykAcoM-00178-00045398-00045619 who lived near the alkoxy hunted seal
Nyz3nykAcoM-00179-00045620-00045823 but for most of the taiga dwellers elk
Nyz3nykAcoM-00180-00045824-00046033 wild reindeer and fowl were the most
Nyz3nykAcoM-00181-00046034-00046306 important game animals other animals
Nyz3nykAcoM-00182-00046307-00046597 included roe deer bear Wolverine Lynx
Nyz3nykAcoM-00183-00046598-00046891 wolf Siberian Marmot Fox and sable
Nyz3nykAcoM-00184-00046892-00047263 vassilyevitch 626 trapping did not
Nyz3nykAcoM-00185-00047264-00047461 become important until the imposition of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00186-00047462-00047652 the fur tax by the Tsarist government
Nyz3nykAcoM-00187-00047653-00047908 before acquiring guns in the 18th
Nyz3nykAcoM-00188-00047909-00048133 century a banks used steel bows and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00189-00048134-00048373 arrows along with their main hunting
Nyz3nykAcoM-00190-00048374-00048592 implements hunters always carried a pike
Nyz3nykAcoM-00191-00048593-00048850 which was a large knife on a long handle
Nyz3nykAcoM-00192-00048851-00049042 used instead of an axe when passing
Nyz3nykAcoM-00193-00049043-00049213 through the thick taiga or as a spear
Nyz3nykAcoM-00194-00049214-00049588 when hunting bear 626 the effects have
Nyz3nykAcoM-00195-00049589-00049783 deep respect for animals in all elements
Nyz3nykAcoM-00196-00049784-00050056 of nature it is forbidden to torment an
Nyz3nykAcoM-00197-00050057-00050320 animal bird or insect and a wounded
Nyz3nykAcoM-00198-00050321-00050538 animal must be finished off immediately
Nyz3nykAcoM-00199-00050539-00050830 it is forbidden to spill the blood of a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00200-00050831-00051106 killed animal or defile it it is
Nyz3nykAcoM-00201-00051107-00051337 forbidden to kill animals or birds that
Nyz3nykAcoM-00202-00051338-00051574 were saved from pursuit by predators or
Nyz3nykAcoM-00203-00051575-00051802 came to a person for help in a natural
Nyz3nykAcoM-00204-00051803-00052414 disaster Serena 24
Nyz3nykAcoM-00205-00052415-00052953 topic events of Russia
Nyz3nykAcoM-00206-00052954-00053277 topic the events were formerly known as
Nyz3nykAcoM-00207-00053278-00053532 Tungus this designation was spread by
Nyz3nykAcoM-00208-00053533-00053715 the Russians who acquired it from the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00209-00053716-00053928 yakuts and the Siberian Tatars in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00210-00053929-00054138 yakit language Tongass in the 17th
Nyz3nykAcoM-00211-00054139-00054585 century the events of which the best
Nyz3nykAcoM-00212-00054586-00054822 known as a bank this became the official
Nyz3nykAcoM-00213-00054823-00055209 designation for the people in 1931 some
Nyz3nykAcoM-00214-00055210-00055389 groups call themselves origin an
Nyz3nykAcoM-00215-00055390-00055737 inhabitant of the river hora hora con a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00216-00055738-00056105 rear of reindeer eel a human being
Nyz3nykAcoM-00217-00056107-00056405 etc at one time or another tribal
Nyz3nykAcoM-00218-00056407-00056619 designations and place names have also
Nyz3nykAcoM-00219-00056620-00056838 been used as self designations for
Nyz3nykAcoM-00220-00056839-00057154 instance Minh jagir borrachón Solan etc
Nyz3nykAcoM-00221-00057155-00057399 several of these have even been taken
Nyz3nykAcoM-00222-00057400-00057678 for separate ethnic entities there is
Nyz3nykAcoM-00223-00057679-00057909 also a similarly named Siberian group
Nyz3nykAcoM-00224-00057910-00058065 called the evens formerly known as
Nyz3nykAcoM-00225-00058066-00058347 laments although related to the events
Nyz3nykAcoM-00226-00058348-00058512 the evens are now considered to be a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00227-00058513-00058800 separate ethnic group the events are
Nyz3nykAcoM-00228-00058801-00058986 spread over a huge territory of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00229-00058987-00059187 Siberian taiga from the river obe in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00230-00059188-00059397 West to the Akatsuki in the east and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00231-00059398-00059567 from the Arctic Ocean in the north to
Nyz3nykAcoM-00232-00059569-00059844 Manchuria and Sakhalin in the south the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00233-00059845-00060075 total area of their habitat is about two
Nyz3nykAcoM-00234-00060076-00060240 million five hundred thousand square
Nyz3nykAcoM-00235-00060241-00060534 kilometers in all of Russia only the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00236-00060535-00060726 Russians inhabit a larger territory
Nyz3nykAcoM-00237-00060727-00060921 according to the administrative
Nyz3nykAcoM-00238-00060922-00061119 structure the events live from west to
Nyz3nykAcoM-00239-00061120-00061334 east in Tyumen and Tomsk Oblast
Nyz3nykAcoM-00240-00061335-00061590 Krasnoyarsk Krai with a vank autonomous
Nyz3nykAcoM-00241-00061591-00061805 okrug Berkut SiC cheetah and Amur Oblast
Nyz3nykAcoM-00242-00061807-00062054 s-- the Berean and the soccer republics
Nyz3nykAcoM-00243-00062055-00062321 kebab oohs cry and sakhalin oblast
Nyz3nykAcoM-00244-00062322-00062567 however the territory where they are a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00245-00062569-00062787 titular nation is confined solely to a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00246-00062788-00063154 bank autonomous okrug where 3802 of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00247-00063155-00063507 35,000 527 of banks lived according to
Nyz3nykAcoM-00248-00063508-00063912 the 2002 census more than 18,000 200
Nyz3nykAcoM-00249-00063913-00064245 banks live in the Sakha Republic a Venky
Nyz3nykAcoM-00250-00064246-00064430 is the largest of the northern group of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00251-00064432-00064626 the Manchu Tungus languages a group
Nyz3nykAcoM-00252-00064627-00065175 which also includes even a negative
Nyz3nykAcoM-00253-00065176-00065626 pick Russian Federation
Nyz3nykAcoM-00254-00065627-00066030 topic according to the 2002 census
Nyz3nykAcoM-00255-00066031-00066768 35,000 527 a Venky lived in Russia
Nyz3nykAcoM-00256-00066769-00067233 pick a banks of China
Nyz3nykAcoM-00257-00067234-00067629 topic according to the 2000 census there
Nyz3nykAcoM-00258-00067630-00067806 are thirty thousand five hundred five
Nyz3nykAcoM-00259-00067807-00068013 banks in China mainly made up of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00260-00068014-00068178 salons in the common against eighty
Nyz3nykAcoM-00261-00068179-00068367 eight point eight percent of China's of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00262-00068368-00068553 banks live in the Hulan beer region in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00263-00068554-00068736 the north of the Inner Mongolia province
Nyz3nykAcoM-00264-00068737-00068976 near the city of hilar the event
Nyz3nykAcoM-00265-00068977-00069207 autonomous banner is also located near
Nyz3nykAcoM-00266-00069208-00069441 huland beer there are also around three
Nyz3nykAcoM-00267-00069442-00069579 thousand two banks in neighboring
Nyz3nykAcoM-00268-00069580-00069857 heilongjiang province the Manchu Emperor
Nyz3nykAcoM-00269-00069858-00070167 Hong Tai ji conquered the events in 1640
Nyz3nykAcoM-00270-00070168-00070373 and executed their leader Bombo gor
Nyz3nykAcoM-00271-00070374-00070644 after the Manchu conquest the events
Nyz3nykAcoM-00272-00070645-00070832 were incorporated into the eight banners
Nyz3nykAcoM-00273-00070833-00071292 in 1763 the Qing government moved 500
Nyz3nykAcoM-00274-00071293-00071550 Sol in a bank and 500 door families to
Nyz3nykAcoM-00275-00071551-00071751 the two Chang and GUI areas of Xinjiang
Nyz3nykAcoM-00276-00071752-00071916 in order to strengthen the Empire's
Nyz3nykAcoM-00277-00071917-00072312 western border 1020 x IBE families some
Nyz3nykAcoM-00278-00072313-00072507 four thousand persons followed the next
Nyz3nykAcoM-00279-00072508-00072822 year since then however the Solon's of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00280-00072823-00072999 Xinjiang have assimilated into other
Nyz3nykAcoM-00281-00073000-00073209 ethnic groups and are not identified as
Nyz3nykAcoM-00282-00073210-00073560 such anymore
Nyz3nykAcoM-00283-00073561-00074056 topic by county
Nyz3nykAcoM-00284-00074057-00074410 topic county-level distribution of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00285-00074411-00074632 event only includes counties or county
Nyz3nykAcoM-00286-00074633-00074890 equivalents containing greater than 0.1
Nyz3nykAcoM-00287-00074891-00075439 percent of china's event population
Nyz3nykAcoM-00288-00075440-00075982 topic events of Ukraine
Nyz3nykAcoM-00289-00075983-00076399 topic according to the 2001 census there
Nyz3nykAcoM-00290-00076400-00076684 were 48 of banks living in Ukraine the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00291-00076685-00076915 majority 35 stated that their native
Nyz3nykAcoM-00292-00076916-00077143 language was Russian 4 indicated a bank
Nyz3nykAcoM-00293-00077144-00077332 as their native language and 3 that it
Nyz3nykAcoM-00294-00077333-00077754 was Ukrainian
Nyz3nykAcoM-00295-00077755-00078201 topic religion
Nyz3nykAcoM-00296-00078202-00078569 topic prior to contact with the Russians
Nyz3nykAcoM-00297-00078570-00078732 the belief system of the events was
Nyz3nykAcoM-00298-00078733-00079013 animistic many have adopted Tibetan
Nyz3nykAcoM-00299-00079014-00079146 Buddhism the Evenki
Nyz3nykAcoM-00300-00079147-00079329 like most nomadic pastoral and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00301-00079330-00079569 subsistence agrarian peoples spent most
Nyz3nykAcoM-00302-00079570-00079757 of their lives in very close contact
Nyz3nykAcoM-00303-00079758-00080016 with nature because of this they develop
Nyz3nykAcoM-00304-00080017-00080241 what a a serena calls in ecological
Nyz3nykAcoM-00305-00080242-00080638 ethic by this she means a system of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00306-00080639-00080876 responsibility of people to nature and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00307-00080877-00081099 her spirit masters and of nature to
Nyz3nykAcoM-00308-00081100-00081435 people 9 serena interviewed many of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00309-00081436-00081644 ank's who until very recently spent much
Nyz3nykAcoM-00310-00081645-00081825 of their time as reindeer herders in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00311-00081826-00082086 taiga just like their ancestors the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00312-00082087-00082311 Evenki people also spoke along the same
Nyz3nykAcoM-00313-00082312-00082503 lines their respect for nature and their
Nyz3nykAcoM-00314-00082504-00082700 belief that nature is a living being
Nyz3nykAcoM-00315-00082701-00083109 this idea tee-hee embodiment animation
Nyz3nykAcoM-00316-00083110-00083409 and personification of nature what is
Nyz3nykAcoM-00317-00083410-00083631 still called the animistic worldview is
Nyz3nykAcoM-00318-00083632-00083886 the key component of the traditional
Nyz3nykAcoM-00319-00083887-00084269 worldview of hunter-gatherers Serena 13
Nyz3nykAcoM-00320-00084270-00084459 although most of the event Keys have
Nyz3nykAcoM-00321-00084460-00084618 been Siddhant Erised
Nyz3nykAcoM-00322-00084619-00084828 that has made to live in settled
Nyz3nykAcoM-00323-00084829-00085011 communities instead of following their
Nyz3nykAcoM-00324-00085012-00085236 traditional nomadic way of life fond all
Nyz3nykAcoM-00325-00085237-00085491 five a many scholars think that the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00326-00085492-00085631 worldview characteristic of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00327-00085632-00085832 hunter-gatherer societies is preserved
Nyz3nykAcoM-00328-00085833-00086022 even if they make the transition to new
Nyz3nykAcoM-00329-00086023-00086265 economic models Serena xxx quoting
Nyz3nykAcoM-00330-00086266-00086705 Barnard 1998 Li 1999 Petersen 1999
Nyz3nykAcoM-00331-00086706-00086981 although nominally Christianized in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00332-00086982-00087192 18th century the event keep people
Nyz3nykAcoM-00333-00087193-00087351 maintained many of their historical
Nyz3nykAcoM-00334-00087352-00087680 beliefs especially shamanism Vasilyevich
Nyz3nykAcoM-00335-00087681-00087990 624 the christian traditions were
Nyz3nykAcoM-00336-00087991-00088244 confined to the formal performance of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00337-00088245-00088485 orthodox rites which were usually timed
Nyz3nykAcoM-00338-00088486-00088668 for the arrival of the priest in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00339-00088669-00089184 taiga 647 the religious beliefs and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00340-00089185-00089357 practices of the events are of great
Nyz3nykAcoM-00341-00089358-00089559 historical interest since these retain
Nyz3nykAcoM-00342-00089560-00089835 some archaic forms of belief among the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00343-00089836-00090081 most ancient ideas are spiritualization
Nyz3nykAcoM-00344-00090082-00090281 and personification of all natural
Nyz3nykAcoM-00345-00090282-00090492 phenomena belief in an upper middle and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00346-00090493-00090765 lower world belief in the soul OMI and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00347-00090766-00091041 certain toda mystic concepts there were
Nyz3nykAcoM-00348-00091042-00091260 also various magical rituals associated
Nyz3nykAcoM-00349-00091261-00091568 with hunting and guarding herds later on
Nyz3nykAcoM-00350-00091569-00091614 these
Nyz3nykAcoM-00351-00091615-00091785 rituals were conducted by shaman's
Nyz3nykAcoM-00352-00091786-00092025 shamanism brought about the development
Nyz3nykAcoM-00353-00092026-00092175 of the views of spirit masters
Nyz3nykAcoM-00354-00092176-00092535 vassilyevitch 647 there are a few
Nyz3nykAcoM-00355-00092536-00092733 sources on the shamanism of the event
Nyz3nykAcoM-00356-00092734-00092919 key people's below the amor Helen Kang
Nyz3nykAcoM-00357-00092920-00093183 River in northern China there is a brief
Nyz3nykAcoM-00358-00093184-00093405 report of fieldwork conducted by Richard
Nyz3nykAcoM-00359-00093406-00093684 Noll in kun Chi in 1994 of the life of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00360-00093685-00093936 the shame of this doula are a Venki name
Nyz3nykAcoM-00361-00093937-00094221 also known as a jung-hwa her Han Chinese
Nyz3nykAcoM-00362-00094222-00094623 name she was born in 1920 and was living
Nyz3nykAcoM-00363-00094624-00094821 in the village of Yemen Gaza in the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00364-00094822-00095064 event a banner county of the huland beer
Nyz3nykAcoM-00365-00095065-00095229 prefecture in the Inner Mongolia
Nyz3nykAcoM-00366-00095230-00095526 autonomous region while not a
Nyz3nykAcoM-00367-00095527-00095754 particularly good informant she
Nyz3nykAcoM-00368-00095755-00095904 described her initiative
Nyz3nykAcoM-00369-00095905-00096111 Elna s-- her multi-year apprenticeship
Nyz3nykAcoM-00370-00096112-00096294 with a mongol Shaymin before being
Nyz3nykAcoM-00371-00096295-00096594 allowed to heal at the age of 25 or 26
Nyz3nykAcoM-00372-00096595-00096825 and the torments she experienced during
Nyz3nykAcoM-00373-00096826-00097107 the Cultural Revolution in the 1960s
Nyz3nykAcoM-00374-00097108-00097317 when most of her shamanic paraphernalia
Nyz3nykAcoM-00375-00097318-00097652 was destroyed Mongol and Buddhist Lama
Nyz3nykAcoM-00376-00097653-00097914 influences on her indigenous practice of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00377-00097915-00098190 shaman sim were evident she hid her
Nyz3nykAcoM-00378-00098191-00098460 prized possession an avigal deep bear
Nyz3nykAcoM-00379-00098461-00098712 spirit Shaymin mask which has also been
Nyz3nykAcoM-00380-00098713-00098943 documented among the Mongols and our
Nyz3nykAcoM-00381-00098944-00099228 peoples in the region the field report
Nyz3nykAcoM-00382-00099229-00099474 and color photographs of this Shaymin
Nyz3nykAcoM-00383-00099475-00099594 are available online
Nyz3nykAcoM-00384-00099595-00100071 olga kudrina C 1890 to 1944 was a shame
Nyz3nykAcoM-00385-00100072-00100257 eNOS among the reindeer a Venki of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00386-00100258-00100473 northern Inner Mongolia along the Amur
Nyz3nykAcoM-00387-00100474-00100731 River s Great Bend
Nyz3nykAcoM-00388-00100732-00100923 today under the jurisdiction of Jenny
Nyz3nykAcoM-00389-00100924-00101303 Hulan beer
Nyz3nykAcoM-00390-00101304-00101831 topic see also
Nyz3nykAcoM-00391-00101832-00102476 topic Hennigan hem megan mongols
Nyz3nykAcoM-00392-00102477-00103028 topic bibliography
Nyz3nykAcoM-00393-00103029-00103453 topic do chao k in a vain wang lizhen
Nyz3nykAcoM-00394-00103454-00103933 2002 he when k zu Zhan Zhao Shin Jung un
Nyz3nykAcoM-00395-00103934-00104344 juez zipped and LC modified jbig bade
Nyz3nykAcoM-00396-00104345-00104672 Jane Zhang Jung mins udas ISBN nine
Nyz3nykAcoM-00397-00104673-00104927 seven eight seven eight one oh five six
Nyz3nykAcoM-00398-00104928-00105128 seven hundred eight the online edition
Nyz3nykAcoM-00399-00105129-00105358 needs a book reader for NLC in a zip
Nyz3nykAcoM-00400-00105359-00105767 extractor Altaic Columbia electronic
Nyz3nykAcoM-00401-00105768-00106163 encyclopedia six dead 2009 academic
Nyz3nykAcoM-00402-00106164-00106445 search premier EPS Co web the fourth of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00403-00106446-00106783 November 2009 Anderson David G is
Nyz3nykAcoM-00404-00106784-00106991 Siberian reindeer herding in crisis
Nyz3nykAcoM-00405-00106992-00107249 living with reindeer 15 years after the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00406-00107250-00107485 end of state socialism nomadic people's
Nyz3nykAcoM-00407-00107486-00107726 end as 10.2 2006
Nyz3nykAcoM-00408-00107727-00108173 87 to 103 obscure web the 6th of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00409-00108174-00108511 November 2009 bullet OVA Nadezhda and
Nyz3nykAcoM-00410-00108513-00108886 Lenore Grenoble a Venky Munchen li and c
Nyz3nykAcoM-00411-00108888-00109331 om Europa 1999 print languages of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00412-00109332-00109589 world a Venky Cassell's peoples nations
Nyz3nykAcoM-00413-00109590-00109885 and cultures widen felled in nicholson
Nyz3nykAcoM-00414-00109886-00110221 2005 obscure web the fourth of November
Nyz3nykAcoM-00415-00110222-00110615 2009 a Venky ethnologue languages of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00416-00110616-00110942 world 16th edition Eadie Paul M Lewis
Nyz3nykAcoM-00417-00110943-00111317 sil international 2009 web the 8th of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00418-00111318-00111695 December 2009 fondle Gale gaining ground
Nyz3nykAcoM-00419-00111696-00111941 a Venky's land and reform in south
Nyz3nykAcoM-00420-00111942-00112240 eastern Siberia Boston allyn and bacon
Nyz3nykAcoM-00421-00112241-00112664 1998 print Forsyth James history of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00422-00112665-00112895 peoples of siberia Russia's North Asian
Nyz3nykAcoM-00423-00112896-00113345 colony 1581 to 1990 Cambridge Cambridge
Nyz3nykAcoM-00424-00113346-00113663 op 1992 print Georg
Nyz3nykAcoM-00425-00113664-00113906 Stephan Peter a Michael of Alexis M
Nyz3nykAcoM-00426-00113907-00114191 Raymer and Paul J Sidwell telling
Nyz3nykAcoM-00427-00114192-00114413 general linguists about Altaic Journal
Nyz3nykAcoM-00428-00114414-00115052 of linguistics 35.1 1999 65 to 98 JSTOR
Nyz3nykAcoM-00429-00115053-00115403 web the 8th of December 2009 Colin
Nyz3nykAcoM-00430-00115404-00115655 Cynthia L a brief exploration of the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00431-00115656-00115856 Altaic hypothesis Department of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00432-00115857-00116165 linguistics Brigham Young University the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00433-00116166-00116410 6th of September 1999
Nyz3nykAcoM-00434-00116411-00116705 web the 8th of December 2009 jung-hoon
Nyz3nykAcoM-00435-00116706-00116801 n' you ha
Nyz3nykAcoM-00436-00116802-00117047 a Venky interactive atlas of the world's
Nyz3nykAcoM-00437-00117048-00117179 languages in danger
Nyz3nykAcoM-00438-00117180-00117500 Edie Christopher Moseley UNESCO culture
Nyz3nykAcoM-00439-00117501-00117893 sector the 31st of March 2009 web the
Nyz3nykAcoM-00440-00117894-00118060 8th of December 2009
Nyz3nykAcoM-00441-00118061-00118433 Nigel Cobb Igor a Venky London route
Nyz3nykAcoM-00442-00118433-00118796 llege 1997 print descriptive grammars
Nyz3nykAcoM-00443-00118797-00119059 Serena and a people who feel the land
Nyz3nykAcoM-00444-00119060-00119276 the ecological ethic of the event key
Nyz3nykAcoM-00445-00119277-00119583 and even eat trans James II Walker
Nyz3nykAcoM-00446-00119584-00119828 anthropology and archaeology of Eurasia
Nyz3nykAcoM-00447-00119829-00120323 3rd Esser 47 winter 2008 to 9 2009 nine
Nyz3nykAcoM-00448-00120324-00120725 to thirty seven FS co-host web the 27th
Nyz3nykAcoM-00449-00120726-00121100 of November 2009 Vasilyevich GM and AV
Nyz3nykAcoM-00450-00121101-00121370 Smalley AK a Venky the peoples of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00451-00121371-00121751 siberia IDI steven dunn trans scripta
Nyz3nykAcoM-00452-00121752-00122030 Technica inc chicago the university of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00453-00122031-00122627 chicago 1964 600 2254 print vitam ski
Nyz3nykAcoM-00454-00122628-00122852 piers reindeer people living with
Nyz3nykAcoM-00455-00122853-00123131 animals and spirits in siberia Boston
Nyz3nykAcoM-00456-00123132-00123508 Houghton Mifflin 2005 print would Alan
Nyz3nykAcoM-00457-00123509-00123851 and are a French EDS development of
Nyz3nykAcoM-00458-00123852-00124135 Siberia people and resources New York
Nyz3nykAcoM-00459-00124136-00124746 st. Martin's 1989 print
Nyz3nykAcoM-00460-00124747-00125266 topic references
Nyz3nykAcoM-00461-00125267-00125656 topic
Nyz3nykAcoM-00462-00125657-00126199 topic external links
Nyz3nykAcoM-00463-00126200-00126700 topic of ank's native sounds of a Venky
Nyz3nykAcoM-00464-00126701-00126943 the first day Venky album issued in
Nyz3nykAcoM-00465-00126944-00127174 China
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00000-00000053-00000320 science fiction adventures was an
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00001-00000321-00000590 American digest size science fiction
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00002-00000591-00001066 magazine published from 1952 to 1954 by
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00003-00001067-00001408 science fiction publications it was
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00004-00001409-00001667 edited by Lester Del Rey under the
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00005-00001668-00002000 pseudonym Phillip st. John and was
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00006-00002001-00002249 targeted at a younger audience than its
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00007-00002250-00002625 companion magazine space science fiction
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00008-00002626-00002915 contributors included algis bud Rees
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00009-00002916-00003089 Raymond Z Galan
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00010-00003090-00003377 Robert sheckly and del Rey himself who
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00011-00003378-00003626 published his novel police your planet
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00012-00003627-00004045 under the pseudonym Erik van la chyann
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00013-00004046-00004354 Damon Knight contributed a book review
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00014-00004355-00004633 column beginning with the fifth issue
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00015-00004634-00004967 Cyril M Kornbluth novel the cyndaquil
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00016-00004968-00005474 serialized in 1954 artwork was provided
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00017-00005475-00005831 by HR van donggun kelly fries and paul
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00018-00005832-00006268 Orban among others Lester Del Ray left
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00019-00006269-00006610 at the end of 1953 and his place was
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00020-00006611-00006856 taken by Harry Harrison but the magazine
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00021-00006858-00007316 lasted for only three more issues
NyTDNR3k5Yc-00022-00007317-00007712 equals equals footnotes
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00000-00000187-00002799 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00001-00002800-00003031 in the annals of aeronautic history the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00002-00003032-00003191 plane that takes the place between
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00003-00003192-00003479 republic's classic air fighters the p-47
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00004-00003479-00003695 thunderbolt of the second world war and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00005-00003696-00003951 their outstanding f-105 thunder chief in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00006-00003952-00004199 the skies of vietnam is often skipped
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00007-00004200-00004367 over
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00008-00004368-00004559 this period of expansion marked the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00009-00004560-00004783 first ventures into jet aircraft and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00010-00004784-00004951 many of the lessons learned during the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00011-00004952-00005167 development of this series of planes
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00012-00005168-00005391 that sired today's generations of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00013-00005392-00007103 fighter aircraft
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00014-00007104-00007359 successor to the p-47 thunderbolt of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00015-00007359-00007639 world war ii fan the republic f-84
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00016-00007640-00007967 thunderjet was designed in 1944 as a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00017-00007968-00008223 mid-wing day fighter with a top speed of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00018-00008224-00008783 600 miles per hour
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00019-00008784-00008967 the thunderjet and its many variants
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00020-00008968-00009167 were to make their mark during this era
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00021-00009168-00009406 as had their color-driven forebears the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00022-00009407-00009639 jugs for their toughness and their sheer
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00023-00009640-00009903 workhorse capabilities
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00024-00009904-00010278 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00025-00010279-00010591 in early 1945 the us army ordered a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00026-00010592-00010831 hundred models of the p-84 and the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00027-00010832-00011006 aircraft had its first flight the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00028-00011007-00011283 following
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00029-00011284-00011671 year the f-84d and the f-84e both
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00030-00011672-00012006 entered operational service in 1949 and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00031-00012007-00012214 were the first models at the thunderjet
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00032-00012215-00012704 to participate in the korean conflict
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00033-00012705-00012999 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00034-00013000-00013247 during the korean war many first-time
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00035-00013247-00013463 accomplishments were set it was the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00036-00013463-00013663 first conflict in which jet aircraft
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00037-00013663-00013966 were used extensively in aerial combat
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00038-00013968-00014199 and it included the first jet to jazz
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00039-00014200-00014463 aerial fighter
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00040-00014463-00014822 on the 27th of june 1950 two days after
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00041-00014823-00015055 north korea invaded south korea
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00042-00015056-00015255 president truman ordered american air
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00043-00015256-00015694 forces into action in korea
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00044-00015695-00015911 because of rigorous post-world war ii
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00045-00015912-00016183 budget cuts a majority of aircraft able
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00046-00016184-00016391 to be deployed had been developed in the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00047-00016392-00016694 early 1940s the might of american air
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00048-00016695-00017143 power was only a shadow of the war years
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00049-00017144-00017358 the jet aircraft then in development was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00050-00017359-00017558 severely limited by their range and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00051-00017559-00017822 takeoff and landing requirements and as
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00052-00017823-00018015 such the initial battles were fought
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00053-00018016-00018439 using the propeller-driven f-51s f4us
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00054-00018440-00018830 a1s b-26s and b-29
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00055-00018831-00019047 all of which had served admirably in the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00056-00019048-00019279 last world war but were definitely
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00057-00019280-00019927 outdated with the dawning jet age
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00058-00019928-00020103 the first air missions were flown from
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00059-00020104-00020343 irregular matted strips by the air force
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00060-00020344-00020583 from rough bases in korea jets from
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00061-00020584-00020855 japan by the marines from u.s navy
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00062-00020856-00020964 carriers
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00063-00020965-00021255 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00064-00021256-00021471 these missions succeeded in slowing and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00065-00021472-00021671 then eventually stopping the advance of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00066-00021672-00021894 the communist troops and allowing the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00067-00021895-00022150 retreat and evacuation of un forces back
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00068-00022151-00022527 to busan
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00069-00022528-00022783 b-29 heavy bombers were used in the role
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00070-00022784-00023014 of interdiction and strategic missions
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00071-00023015-00023263 which disrupted the north korean supply
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00072-00023264-00023550 advance and staging attempts
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00073-00023551-00023799 the f-80 floors were originally destined
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00074-00023800-00024055 to be flown as bomber escorts this role
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00075-00024056-00024358 became more demanding in the end of 1950
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00076-00024359-00024575 and was actually filled by the new north
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00077-00024576-00024927 american f-86 sabres
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00078-00024928-00025222 the production of other f-84 and f-86
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00079-00025223-00025430 aircraft had been in accelerated
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00080-00025431-00025646 development for use in korea in the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00081-00025647-00025894 event that the conflict continued
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00082-00025895-00026102 the aircraft were readied for delivery
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00083-00026104-00026335 in mid-october but were delayed because
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00084-00026336-00026518 the conflict appeared to be drawing to a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00085-00026519-00026783 close after the north korean army was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00086-00026783-00027246 repelled from south korea
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00087-00027247-00027535 however on the 9th of november 1960
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00088-00027536-00027695 there was a major development in the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00089-00027695-00027943 conflict the north korean forces began
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00090-00027944-00028180 declining mig-15 gems
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00091-00028181-00028839 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00092-00028839-00029046 u.s forces were then forced to deploy
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00093-00029047-00029287 their more modern aircraft
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00094-00029288-00029535 yet 84 would see combat in korea in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00095-00029536-00029750 december of 1950
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00096-00029751-00030007 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00097-00030008-00030318 like the older lockheed f-80 the f-84
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00098-00030319-00030535 had been designed and intended as a day
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00099-00030536-00030758 interceptor however both proved
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00100-00030760-00030927 inadequate to perform day fight
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00101-00030927-00031279 emissions in korean operations
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00102-00031280-00031567 mig-15 was 40 to 80 knots faster than
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00103-00031568-00031911 the f-84 and 60-100 knots faster than
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00104-00031912-00032151 the f-80
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00105-00032152-00032374 the thunder jets were however barely
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00106-00032375-00032574 maneuverable enough to keep out of the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00107-00032575-00032751 way of the migs as soon as the russian
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00108-00032752-00033118 planes appeared
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00109-00033119-00033335 it wasn't until the deployment of north
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00110-00033336-00033639 american f-86 sabres that the fight was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00111-00033640-00034216 able to be taken to the migs
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00112-00034217-00034535 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00113-00034536-00034702 with the appearance of the jet powered
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00114-00034703-00034974 mig-15s learned by chinese pilots
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00115-00034975-00035127 achieving and maintaining air
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00116-00035128-00035351 superiority became more challenging for
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00117-00035352-00035543 the united nations
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00118-00035544-00035783 these soviet-built swept wing aircraft
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00119-00035784-00035999 could outline the jet-powered american
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00120-00036000-00036311 at 86a and had a 10 000 foot higher
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00121-00036312-00036534 service ceiling than mercedes
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00122-00036535-00036646 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00123-00036647-00036830 the mixed performance advantage was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00124-00036831-00036999 especially notable at these fire
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00125-00037000-00037295 altitudes but the north american f-86
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00126-00037296-00037511 had better flying qualities and was a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00127-00037512-00037759 more stable gun platform
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00128-00037760-00037974 additionally american pilots proved to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00129-00037975-00038143 be more capable than their communist
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00130-00038144-00038351 counterparts which helped to eat in the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00131-00038352-00038491 arts
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00132-00038492-00038830 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00133-00038831-00039071 today debates still rage about the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00134-00039072-00039639 attributes and vices of both planes
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00135-00039640-00039855 as a consequence the primary mission of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00136-00039856-00040087 f-84s in the conflict became their
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00137-00040088-00040327 secondary design role within the close
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00138-00040328-00040551 air support of ground forces the heavy
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00139-00040552-00040743 bomb load of the f-84 made it
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00140-00040744-00041055 particularly effective
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00141-00041056-00041239 throughout the war engineers and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00142-00041240-00041439 republic continued development on the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00143-00041440-00041759 basic f-84 and several improved variants
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00144-00041760-00042207 including the f-84e 84f and 84g which
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00145-00042208-00042671 became the most numerous were conceived
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00146-00042672-00042862 the hastily constructed and overused
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00147-00042863-00043095 runways in the far east particularly
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00148-00043096-00043302 those inside korea were accessible to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00149-00043303-00043567 the f-84s though the jets requirements
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00150-00043568-00043767 of longer runways proved to be a large
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00151-00043768-00043990 area of concern
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00152-00043991-00044135 the problem was overcome with the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00153-00044136-00044295 fitting of jet assisted takeoff
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00154-00044296-00044535 equipment particularly when fully loaded
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00155-00044536-00044751 for the ground attack missions
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00156-00044752-00044943 the rocket packs were jettisoned after
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00157-00044944-00045190 takeoff and retrieved for reuse on the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00158-00045191-00045311 next mission
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00159-00045312-00045462 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00160-00045463-00045735 this proved to be less than ideal group
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00161-00045736-00045999 formations the smoke caused by the solid
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00162-00046000-00046262 rocket boosters obscured the vision of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00163-00046263-00046455 all but the lead aircraft
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00164-00046456-00046727 forcing ensuing pilots to take off using
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00165-00046728-00046967 instruments only
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00166-00046968-00047174 all of the initial jets in this era
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00167-00047175-00047383 however suffered from underpowered
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00168-00047384-00047599 engines
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00169-00047600-00047823 even in the later swept wing models this
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00170-00047824-00048111 rocket assistance was still required
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00171-00048112-00048351 the upgrades in power and performance
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00172-00048352-00048567 the ability to carry more loads soon
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00173-00048568-00048799 overtook the advances and the rockets
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00174-00048800-00049039 were again to become a common sight on
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00175-00049040-00049439 military bases
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00176-00049440-00049630 in a fully latent aircraft it was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00177-00049631-00049846 considered much safer to use the rocket
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00178-00049847-00050071 backs as take-off than to run the risk
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00179-00050072-00050279 of not being airborne when you got to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00180-00050280-00050486 the end of the airstrip
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00181-00050487-00050702 many thunderjets were however lost on
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00182-00050703-00050935 takeoff but this narrow margin of safety
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00183-00050936-00051326 was overextended
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00184-00051327-00051542 the thunderjet series had its origin in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00185-00051544-00051846 1944 as a jet-powered replacement for
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00186-00051847-00052287 mclean p-47 thunderbolt
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00187-00052288-00052511 the initial design concepts were for a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00188-00052512-00052782 straightforward jet adaption of the p47
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00189-00052783-00053007 airframe but it was soon proved that
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00190-00053008-00053279 such a design was impractical concepts
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00191-00053279-00053711 were started again from scratch
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00192-00053712-00053935 the initial a model design was a low
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00193-00053936-00054135 wing monoplane with straight laminar
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00194-00054136-00054366 flow wings and horizontal tail planes
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00195-00054367-00054799 mounted halfway up the vertical tail
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00196-00054800-00054991 this was fairly general for the time
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00197-00054991-00055319 however the ge j35 turbojet which was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00198-00055320-00055591 chosen was a new axial flow engine
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00199-00055591-00055807 having much lower fuel consumption than
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00200-00055808-00055999 that of the older centrifugal flow
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00201-00056000-00056303 engines
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00202-00056304-00056559 the smaller diameter of the axial flow
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00203-00056560-00056838 engine had the additional advantage in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00204-00056839-00057015 that it allowed the use of a more
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00205-00057016-00057335 streamlined mo-drag fuselage
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00206-00057336-00057526 these allowances offered significant
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00207-00057527-00057782 advances over the older existing bell
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00208-00057783-00058199 concepts and lockheed f-80 shooting star
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00209-00058200-00058366 the initial design was to prove
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00210-00058367-00058615 extremely adaptable into many subsequent
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00211-00058616-00059126 models and derivatives were developed
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00212-00059127-00059430 in 1946 the most outstanding and high
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00213-00059432-00059615 performance version of the series was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00214-00059616-00059863 contracted into testing and remains an
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00215-00059864-00060079 icon of the vision of designers during
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00216-00060079-00060742 the era
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00217-00060744-00060959 the cluster of four small rocket engines
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00218-00060960-00061135 for added thrust during climb and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00219-00061136-00061271 interception
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00220-00061272-00061503 this allowed even by today's standards
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00221-00061504-00061719 for some very distinctive in-flight
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00222-00061720-00061966 maneuvers
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00223-00061967-00062175 one of the two prototypes was the first
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00224-00062176-00062430 us fighter to exceed mach 1 in level
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00225-00062432-00062623 flight
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00226-00062624-00062847 the thunder sector design was one of two
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00227-00062848-00063063 swept wing modifications based on the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00228-00063064-00063375 original f-84 thundergen the other being
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00229-00063376-00063871 the f-84f thunder streak
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00230-00063872-00064047 one problem with the thunderstreak and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00231-00064048-00064271 with most swept wing designs of the era
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00232-00064272-00064703 was dangerous performance at low speeds
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00233-00064704-00064959 at low speeds air flow over the wind
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00234-00064960-00065311 tended to pitch the nose up
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00235-00065312-00065575 a range of such accidents on the f-86
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00236-00065576-00065911 sabre led to the term saber darts this
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00237-00065912-00066126 problem dubbed the series even into the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00238-00066127-00066503 century fighters of later years
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00239-00066504-00066687 the thunderceptor's most remarkable
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00240-00066688-00066926 design feature was intended to address
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00241-00066927-00067167 this problem the wings were built to be
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00242-00067168-00067399 wider at the tip than root allowing them
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00243-00067400-00067582 to generate more lift
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00244-00067583-00067775 this nearly addressed the problems with
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00245-00067776-00067975 saber dads by delaying the point of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00246-00067976-00068223 stall on the tear in comparison to that
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00247-00068224-00068631 of the rest of the week
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00248-00068632-00068815 the first prototype made its initial
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00249-00068816-00069143 flight on may the 9th 1949 breaking the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00250-00069144-00069479 speed of sound in december 1951.
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00251-00069480-00069663 it was later modified with a small
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00252-00069664-00069919 radome for gunnery ranging the second
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00253-00069920-00070143 prototype used a v-tail but was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00254-00070144-00070750 otherwise similar
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00255-00070751-00071103 by 1954 new designs outperformed the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00256-00071104-00071463 f-91 in speed range and loiter time the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00257-00071464-00071694 era of the dedicated day fighter type
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00258-00071695-00072103 interceptor was over
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00259-00072104-00072326 another defining design concept was the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00260-00072327-00072559 ability to vary the angle of incidence
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00261-00072560-00072831 of the wing as a whole
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00262-00072832-00073062 tilting it up to low speed operations
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00263-00073063-00073279 during takeoff and landing and then
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00264-00073280-00073487 decreasing for high-speed flight and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00265-00073488-00073591 crudes
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00266-00073592-00073823 this concept was used to great advantage
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00267-00073824-00074006 in later years with bombers and attack
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00268-00074007-00074862 planes aboard aircraft carriers
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00269-00074863-00075238 the f-84g which entered service in 1951
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00270-00075239-00075438 was the first single seat fighter bomber
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00271-00075439-00075735 with atomic capability
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00272-00075736-00075926 as compared to the e-model it had a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00273-00075927-00076159 better engine automatic pilot and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00274-00076160-00076375 in-flight refueling devices
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00275-00076376-00076647 the f-84g deployed to the korean
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00276-00076648-00077023 conflict in the summer of 1952.
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00277-00077024-00077319 the f-84d and e-series were phased out
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00278-00077320-00077591 beginning in mid-1952
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00279-00077592-00077975 the f-84g began its phase out in 1955
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00280-00077976-00078159 after a brief stint with the newly
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00281-00078160-00078350 formed air force air demonstration
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00282-00078351-00078719 squadron known as the thunderbirds
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00283-00078720-00078967 at the time the site of close formation
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00284-00078968-00079167 aerobatic jet aircraft must have
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00285-00079168-00079382 cemented the public concept of american
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00286-00079383-00079606 air superiority at air shows the world
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00287-00079607-00079823 over
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00288-00079824-00080031 even with the benefit of hindsight
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00289-00080032-00080223 flying these early model jets at
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00290-00080224-00080431 distances of sometimes less than five
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00291-00080432-00080759 feet apart is still an inspiring yet not
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00292-00080760-00081206 heroic sign
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00293-00081207-00081391 with the rapid development of the new
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00294-00081392-00081662 science of jet air warfare concepts
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00295-00081663-00081855 allowing jet-powered aircraft onto
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00296-00081856-00082069 carriers significant
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00297-00082070-00082231 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00298-00082232-00082575 two rf-84f airframes were modified to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00299-00082576-00082862 accept allison turboprop engines
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00300-00082863-00083194 this aircraft originally the f-106 then
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00301-00083195-00083479 redesignated xf-84h
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00302-00083480-00083655 had special propellers designed to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00303-00083656-00083918 rotate at supersonic speeds
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00304-00083919-00084135 the horizontal stabilizer was moved to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00305-00084136-00084375 the top of the vertical stabilizer in a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00306-00084376-00084591 t-tail arrangement to avoid the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00307-00084592-00084907 turbulent propeller wash
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00308-00084908-00085167 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00309-00085168-00085367 the aircraft's first flight was on the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00310-00085368-00085655 22nd of july 1955
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00311-00085656-00085887 but after ensuing development it was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00312-00085888-00086287 deemed unusable for navy purposes
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00313-00086288-00086543 it became the fastest propeller driven
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00314-00086544-00086687 aircraft
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00315-00086688-00086894 however the noise and physiological
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00316-00086895-00087094 effect of the blade tits breaking the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00317-00087095-00087399 sound barrier even during taxiing became
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00318-00087400-00087703 a major area of concern
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00319-00087704-00088031 din of over 900 sonic booms a second
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00320-00088032-00088262 caused nausea and general malaise in the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00321-00088263-00088503 immediate area even to those wearing ear
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00322-00088504-00088631 protection
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00323-00088632-00088855 the effect on a confined carrier deck
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00324-00088856-00089191 would have been less than satisfactory
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00325-00089192-00089391 perhaps luckily the birth of the steam
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00326-00089392-00089647 catapult refinement of jet design and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00327-00089648-00089959 angled side decks cancel the program
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00328-00089960-00090159 many other experimental concepts were
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00329-00090160-00090303 based around the soundness of the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00330-00090304-00090668 thunderjet's basic design
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00331-00090669-00092055 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00332-00092056-00092399 the xf-103 a delta wing ramjet driven
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00333-00092400-00092631 interceptor was a concept on the cutting
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00334-00092632-00092855 edge at the time as ramjets was seen to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00335-00092856-00093287 be the next generation of jet aircraft
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00336-00093288-00093518 the f-84s were used to test the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00337-00093519-00093767 periscope concept of providing vision to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00338-00093768-00094031 pilots for the 103 as the plane would
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00339-00094032-00094279 have no cockpit extrusion in an attempt
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00340-00094280-00094511 to achieve the higher speeds provided by
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00341-00094512-00094926 the ramjet's thrust
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00342-00094927-00095150 the ramjets themselves were tested on
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00343-00095151-00095559 f-84s also though very carefully
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00344-00095560-00095767 had these engines been run up to full
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00345-00095768-00095967 thrust they would have torn the wings
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00346-00095968-00096150 off this f-80
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00347-00096151-00096455 as if they were made of tissue paper
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00348-00096456-00096703 the ramjet engines have gone on into the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00349-00096704-00096918 space program and are today used in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00350-00096919-00097167 missile and drone technologies
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00351-00097168-00097367 theories proven through the original
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00352-00097368-00097687 f-84 and x-17 series have become the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00353-00097688-00097879 basics of high mark physics in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00354-00097880-00098132 aeronautics today
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00355-00098133-00098391 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00356-00098392-00098606 with the worries of nuclear war growing
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00357-00098607-00098831 throughout the world european powers
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00358-00098832-00098982 feared the immediate destruction of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00359-00098983-00099294 their airfields with the onset of war
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00360-00099295-00099526 this led to the testing of zero-length
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00361-00099527-00099935 launch concepts using f-84gs
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00362-00099936-00100135 the assumption was that planes could be
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00363-00100136-00100335 armed and then shipped on the backs of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00364-00100336-00100623 trucks or moved to individual bunkers to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00365-00100624-00100806 disperse the targets and allow for
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00366-00100807-00101038 retaliatory strikes with the onset of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00367-00101039-00101631 conflict
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00368-00101632-00101855 the plane was mounted with a disposable
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00369-00101856-00102055 solid rocket booster which would
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00370-00102056-00102287 accelerate the vehicle to flight speed
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00371-00102288-00102582 allowing the jet engine to take over
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00372-00102583-00102782 then the rocket would form away
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00373-00102783-00102990 returning the plane to aerodynamics
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00374-00102991-00103127 efficiency
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00375-00103128-00103375 the concepts were tested extensively
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00376-00103376-00103671 using thunderjets and later with f-100s
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00377-00103672-00103847 with the hopes of fitting them to newer
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00378-00103848-00104142 interceptor aircraft such as the f-104
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00379-00104143-00104606 starfighter
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00380-00104607-00104902 the most numerous of the f-84 series was
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00381-00104903-00105083 the rf-84f
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00382-00105083-00105343 thunderflash this was the photographic
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00383-00105344-00105471 reconnaissance version of the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00384-00105472-00105710 thunderstring it had many components in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00385-00105711-00105999 common with the f-84s but different in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00386-00106000-00106223 having the jet engine fed by a pair of
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00387-00106224-00106478 wing root air intakes the nose being
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00388-00106479-00106831 taken up by a bank of cameras
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00389-00106832-00106990 the camera bay in the nose could
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00390-00106991-00107199 accommodate up to six cameras in
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00391-00107200-00107439 forward-facing individual oblique and
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00392-00107440-00107719 vertical installations
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00393-00107720-00107871 the vertical camera bay can
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00394-00107872-00108158 hydraulically operated doors camera's
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00395-00108159-00108407 viewfinder was connected to the cockpit
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00396-00108408-00108647 via an intricate periscope
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00397-00108648-00108783 for nighttime photographic
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00398-00108783-00108983 reconnaissance missions so to flash
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00399-00108983-00109199 ejectors could be carried in underwing
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00400-00109200-00109366 tanks
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00401-00109367-00109775 the last of 715 rf-84fs
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00402-00109776-00109943 rolled off the production lines at
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00403-00109944-00110310 farmingdale in january of 1958 and most
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00404-00110311-00110607 were replaced by mcdonnell rf-101 voodoo
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00405-00110608-00110886 aircraft in the late 1950s and early
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00406-00110888-00111251 1960s
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00407-00111252-00111471 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00408-00111472-00111702 another groundbreaking test area of the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00409-00111703-00111966 f-84 was the ficon concept during the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00410-00111967-00112183 early 1950s
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00411-00112183-00112415 force decided to conduct experiments on
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00412-00112416-00112639 the feasibility of special air command's
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00413-00112640-00112919 b-36 heavy bombers carrying fighter
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00414-00112920-00113734 aircraft suspended under their bellies
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00415-00113735-00113958 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00416-00113959-00114143 this would not only provide the bomber
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00417-00114144-00114351 with its own fighter protection but
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00418-00114352-00114543 would make it possible for the bomber to
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00419-00114544-00114751 carry the fighter long distances to a
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00420-00114752-00115158 combat site
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00421-00115159-00115319 on reaching the edge of the enemy's
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00422-00115320-00115510 territory the mother ship would lower
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00423-00115511-00115734 its trapeze and release the fighter
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00424-00115735-00115934 which would dash into enemy territory on
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00425-00115935-00116158 a high-speed reconnaissance or nuclear
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00426-00116159-00116615 bomb mission
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00427-00116616-00116786 a fighter would then be turned to the
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00428-00116788-00117263 b-36d for hookup and return to home base
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00429-00117264-00117431 the thunderjet in this ficon
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00430-00117432-00117654 configuration made its first flight on
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00431-00117655-00118543 march the 30th 1953
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00432-00118544-00118807 the closing record of the f-84 series
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00433-00118808-00119143 only ends in 1982 in turkey and they
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00434-00119144-00119375 were finally released from active duty
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00435-00119376-00119667 after many years of outstanding service
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00437-00124086-00124642 [Applause]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00438-00124643-00126825 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00439-00126826-00129654 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00440-00129655-00129857 do
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00441-00129858-00129904 [Applause]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00442-00129905-00130130 [Music]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00443-00130131-00130800 [Applause]
Nz-_8KvOnwk-00445-00134279-00134488 you
NzOsSzObasA-00000-00000007-00000313 the totora co-operative dairy company
NzOsSzObasA-00001-00000314-00000532 limited trading as totora is an
NzOsSzObasA-00002-00000533-00000778 independent cooperative dairy company in
NzOsSzObasA-00003-00000779-00000991 the matamata Piarco district of the
NzOsSzObasA-00004-00000992-00001241 Waikato region in the North Island of
NzOsSzObasA-00005-00001242-00001558 New Zealand it is located in the rural
NzOsSzObasA-00006-00001559-00001841 locality of tattoo anui approximately 8
NzOsSzObasA-00007-00001842-00002117 kilometers east of morons ville the
NzOsSzObasA-00008-00002118-00002462 cooperative is owned by 114 shareholder
NzOsSzObasA-00009-00002463-00002732 farms all located within a 12 kilometres
NzOsSzObasA-00010-00002733-00003436 radius of the processing Factory
NzOsSzObasA-00011-00003436-00004133 topic independence the co-operative has
NzOsSzObasA-00012-00004134-00004358 maintained a strong independent history
NzOsSzObasA-00013-00004359-00004697 within the New Zealand dairy industry in
NzOsSzObasA-00014-00004698-00004970 the 2001 mega merger for the New Zealand
NzOsSzObasA-00015-00004971-00005267 dairy industry which formed Fonterra to
NzOsSzObasA-00016-00005268-00005477 to a shareholders decided to remain
NzOsSzObasA-00017-00005478-00005792 independent given that New Zealand had
NzOsSzObasA-00018-00005793-00006161 over 500 dairy cooperatives in the 1930s
NzOsSzObasA-00019-00006162-00006397 totora is unique in that it is the only
NzOsSzObasA-00020-00006398-00006652 New Zealand dairy cooperative remaining
NzOsSzObasA-00021-00006653-00006845 that has never been part of any merger
NzOsSzObasA-00022-00006845-00007479 throughout its history
NzOsSzObasA-00023-00007480-00008227 topic performance totora often records
NzOsSzObasA-00024-00008228-00008443 the highest payout for milk solids to
NzOsSzObasA-00025-00008444-00008673 the pharma shareholders in New Zealand
NzOsSzObasA-00026-00008674-00008983 while the high level of payout is partly
NzOsSzObasA-00027-00008984-00009205 due to a small catchment area which
NzOsSzObasA-00028-00009206-00009471 reduces processing costs the excellent
NzOsSzObasA-00029-00009472-00009691 financial performance of totora is
NzOsSzObasA-00030-00009692-00009924 increasingly attributed to focusing on
NzOsSzObasA-00031-00009925-00010153 value-added milk products rather than
NzOsSzObasA-00032-00010154-00010387 traditional mass-produced commodity
NzOsSzObasA-00033-00010388-00010621 based milk products such as milk powder
NzOsSzObasA-00034-00010622-00011256 butter and cheese
NzOsSzObasA-00035-00011257-00011812 topic see also
NzOsSzObasA-00036-00011813-00012456 dairy farming in New Zealand
NzOsSzObasA-00037-00012457-00013186 topic organizational memberships New
NzOsSzObasA-00038-00013187-00013648 Zealand cooperatives Association Inc
Nzcz9hstyC0-00000-00000003-00000134 what's going on guys it's Omni I can't
Nzcz9hstyC0-00001-00000135-00000269 today I'm bringing you a brand new video
Nzcz9hstyC0-00002-00000270-00000407 we're gonna be talking about ways that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00003-00000408-00000638 you guys can grow your gaming YouTube
Nzcz9hstyC0-00004-00000639-00000767 channel so that way you can get more
Nzcz9hstyC0-00005-00000768-00001000 viewers more subscribers and overall
Nzcz9hstyC0-00006-00001001-00001979 just grow on this platform now I want to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00007-00001980-00002267 preface this video by saying that this
Nzcz9hstyC0-00008-00002268-00002434 video these tips and tricks are mainly
Nzcz9hstyC0-00009-00002435-00002573 for people who are really just looking
Nzcz9hstyC0-00010-00002574-00002840 to grow their fanbase on YouTube maybe
Nzcz9hstyC0-00011-00002841-00002977 get some more views get some more
Nzcz9hstyC0-00012-00002978-00003217 subscribers things like that you know if
Nzcz9hstyC0-00013-00003218-00003359 you are just doing this as a hobby
Nzcz9hstyC0-00014-00003360-00003511 you're just building whatever you feel
Nzcz9hstyC0-00015-00003513-00003665 like it and it doesn't really matter to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00016-00003665-00003811 you about the quality or anything like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00017-00003812-00003995 that it's just like all for fun then of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00018-00003996-00004115 course you don't have to do any of these
Nzcz9hstyC0-00019-00004116-00004295 things you you know it's your channel
Nzcz9hstyC0-00020-00004296-00004403 you could do whatever you want with it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00021-00004404-00004556 now a couple of days ago I actually
Nzcz9hstyC0-00022-00004557-00004729 tweeted out that if you had 200
Nzcz9hstyC0-00023-00004730-00004943 subscribers or less for your gaming
Nzcz9hstyC0-00024-00004944-00005131 youtube channel to send it to me in the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00025-00005132-00005497 DMS and I got probably 20 people sending
Nzcz9hstyC0-00026-00005498-00005708 me the links I got more games and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00027-00005709-00005872 responses than I thought I would get to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00028-00005873-00006050 that tweet honestly especially because I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00029-00006051-00006215 didn't even tell you guys why I wanted
Nzcz9hstyC0-00030-00006216-00006493 you to DM me but a ton of people who did
Nzcz9hstyC0-00031-00006494-00006698 and I actually wanted to make a video
Nzcz9hstyC0-00032-00006698-00006967 filming everybody's channel and talking
Nzcz9hstyC0-00033-00006968-00007163 about it and how you can improve it and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00034-00007164-00007309 then as I was recording that video I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00035-00007311-00007583 realized that it was about 30 minutes
Nzcz9hstyC0-00036-00007584-00007802 long I was going through 16 different
Nzcz9hstyC0-00037-00007803-00007873 channels and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00038-00007875-00008102 you know I felt like I was saying some
Nzcz9hstyC0-00039-00008103-00008234 of the same things over and over and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00040-00008235-00008353 over again and I was like you know what
Nzcz9hstyC0-00041-00008354-00008720 nobody's gonna watch a 30 minute Plus
Nzcz9hstyC0-00042-00008721-00008924 video about stuff like this
Nzcz9hstyC0-00043-00008925-00009139 let me just boil it down to some of the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00044-00009140-00009371 the biggest key things that you guys can
Nzcz9hstyC0-00045-00009372-00009653 do to grow your channel and kind of get
Nzcz9hstyC0-00046-00009654-00009899 more views in 2018 now the first thing I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00047-00009900-00010049 want to talk about is channel artwork
Nzcz9hstyC0-00048-00010050-00010324 and this includes not only the logo for
Nzcz9hstyC0-00049-00010325-00010489 your channel but the banner for your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00050-00010490-00010769 channel as well and the thumbnails on
Nzcz9hstyC0-00051-00010770-00010970 all of your videos that you post on
Nzcz9hstyC0-00052-00010971-00011231 YouTube now this is important beat for
Nzcz9hstyC0-00053-00011232-00011438 many different reasons but a lot of the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00054-00011439-00011648 people who submitted me their link you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00055-00011649-00011785 know obviously you guys are smaller
Nzcz9hstyC0-00056-00011786-00011987 YouTube channels you know 100 200 subs
Nzcz9hstyC0-00057-00011988-00012217 is very very small on this platform and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00058-00012218-00012478 you know I think because you guys are
Nzcz9hstyC0-00059-00012479-00012659 small maybe you either don't have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00060-00012660-00012874 Photoshop don't on a Hewes Photoshop or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00061-00012875-00013030 [__] of course you can use [__] or some
Nzcz9hstyC0-00062-00013031-00013168 other free program you don't have to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00063-00013169-00013399 Photoshop or maybe you just don't think
Nzcz9hstyC0-00064-00013400-00013630 it matters or you don't know to do it or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00065-00013631-00013822 something like that but really I want to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00066-00013822-00013996 emphasize this you know you have to have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00067-00013997-00014182 a channel that looks as professional as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00068-00014183-00014452 you can and you know maybe for your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00069-00014453-00014616 banner and your logo you can pay
Nzcz9hstyC0-00070-00014618-00014809 somebody five dollars to do that for you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00071-00014810-00014929 on Twitter or something like that if
Nzcz9hstyC0-00072-00014930-00015154 they're really good and then just learn
Nzcz9hstyC0-00073-00015155-00015319 how to do thumbnails on your own because
Nzcz9hstyC0-00074-00015319-00015481 it it would get expensive if you paid
Nzcz9hstyC0-00075-00015482-00015594 five dollars per thumbnail that's
Nzcz9hstyC0-00076-00015596-00015691 something that's something I would do
Nzcz9hstyC0-00077-00015691-00015922 and I have a bigger channel so basically
Nzcz9hstyC0-00078-00015922-00016063 I just wanted to mention this because
Nzcz9hstyC0-00079-00016063-00016263 you know if you have a really good
Nzcz9hstyC0-00080-00016265-00016522 channel graphics then your channel looks
Nzcz9hstyC0-00081-00016523-00016693 professional and it looks like you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00082-00016694-00016906 really are consistent and active and you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00083-00016907-00017059 really care you know if you don't have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00084-00017060-00017212 any good logos or anything like that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00085-00017213-00017374 people are just gonna assume oh you know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00086-00017375-00017590 he just does this for fun like why would
Nzcz9hstyC0-00087-00017591-00017743 I subscribed him because he's just kind
Nzcz9hstyC0-00088-00017744-00017883 of like messing around type of thing
Nzcz9hstyC0-00089-00017884-00018166 that's one thing the thumbnails are an
Nzcz9hstyC0-00090-00018167-00018379 even bigger deal you really need to have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00091-00018380-00018619 bright colors in your thumbnails yellows
Nzcz9hstyC0-00092-00018620-00018940 reds lime greens you know even some
Nzcz9hstyC0-00093-00018941-00019213 light blues sometimes look really good
Nzcz9hstyC0-00094-00019214-00019465 but really mainly greens reds and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00095-00019466-00019690 yellows because those pop the most and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00096-00019691-00019807 you want to make sure that there's at
Nzcz9hstyC0-00097-00019808-00020014 least like one subject in the thumbnail
Nzcz9hstyC0-00098-00020015-00020176 you know maybe it's like the main
Nzcz9hstyC0-00099-00020177-00020332 character of the game or maybe it's a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00100-00020333-00020521 picture of you or something like that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00101-00020522-00020683 that you kind of kind of pops out of the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00102-00020684-00020959 background and you want big bold text
Nzcz9hstyC0-00103-00020960-00021199 thick text and something that's really
Nzcz9hstyC0-00104-00021200-00021382 gonna draw the viewers attention you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00105-00021383-00021594 know again these thumbnails are what the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00106-00021595-00021724 what people are gonna see they always
Nzcz9hstyC0-00107-00021725-00021859 say don't judge a book by it's cover
Nzcz9hstyC0-00108-00021860-00022069 well that's bulk that everybody judges a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00109-00022070-00022162 book by its cover
Nzcz9hstyC0-00110-00022163-00022344 and that applies to YouTube videos as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00111-00022345-00022567 well you want to make sure that your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00112-00022568-00022813 cover your thumbnail is your cover you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00113-00022814-00022990 know this needs to be as best as you can
Nzcz9hstyC0-00114-00022991-00023203 make it it has to be as attractive as it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00115-00023204-00023413 can be and if it's very bright and has
Nzcz9hstyC0-00116-00023414-00023622 big letters then if it's if it shows up
Nzcz9hstyC0-00117-00023623-00023860 in the recommended sidebar people are
Nzcz9hstyC0-00118-00023861-00024046 most likely gonna notice that video as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00119-00024047-00024241 opposed to it being just some random
Nzcz9hstyC0-00120-00024242-00024457 thumbnail that YouTube picks where it's
Nzcz9hstyC0-00121-00024458-00024631 just you know just a picture of some
Nzcz9hstyC0-00122-00024632-00024817 random gameplay so you really want to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00123-00024818-00025006 control that that is like the biggest
Nzcz9hstyC0-00124-00025007-00025197 marketing tool that you have control
Nzcz9hstyC0-00125-00025198-00025342 over and you really want to make sure
Nzcz9hstyC0-00126-00025343-00025500 that your thumbnails look as good as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00127-00025501-00025552 possible
Nzcz9hstyC0-00128-00025553-00025659 the next thing I'm gonna talk about is
Nzcz9hstyC0-00129-00025660-00025894 the title in the description of your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00130-00025895-00026127 videos these things really need to have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00131-00026128-00026335 keywords right things that people are
Nzcz9hstyC0-00132-00026336-00026470 actually going to search for because
Nzcz9hstyC0-00133-00026470-00026518 when you're
Nzcz9hstyC0-00134-00026519-00026794 was really tiny the odds of you putting
Nzcz9hstyC0-00135-00026795-00027085 minecraft letsplay in your title and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00136-00027086-00027264 that's showing up in a search result is
Nzcz9hstyC0-00137-00027266-00027511 almost none because there are hundreds
Nzcz9hstyC0-00138-00027512-00027676 of thousands I'm sure of different
Nzcz9hstyC0-00139-00027677-00027964 videos that have minecraft letsplay in
Nzcz9hstyC0-00140-00027964-00028126 there and most of them have more views
Nzcz9hstyC0-00141-00028127-00028302 than you or they've been on the the site
Nzcz9hstyC0-00142-00028304-00028498 longer so putting minecraft letsplay in
Nzcz9hstyC0-00143-00028499-00028639 your title isn't going to guarantee you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00144-00028639-00028849 views but what you want to do is put
Nzcz9hstyC0-00145-00028850-00029083 something that maybe fewer people have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00146-00029083-00029317 made videos about but are still getting
Nzcz9hstyC0-00147-00029318-00029485 a decent amount of searches and you can
Nzcz9hstyC0-00148-00029486-00029745 use google adwords to kind of see what
Nzcz9hstyC0-00149-00029747-00029881 these search trends are of certain
Nzcz9hstyC0-00150-00029882-00030058 things so don't just put like you know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00151-00030058-00030376 black ops 3 live commentary right you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00152-00030377-00030493 know that's not really gonna get too
Nzcz9hstyC0-00153-00030494-00030720 many views if you're really trying to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00154-00030722-00030847 grow your channel you're gonna need
Nzcz9hstyC0-00155-00030848-00031138 videos that have very specific titles
Nzcz9hstyC0-00156-00031139-00031357 that have multiple keywords in them
Nzcz9hstyC0-00157-00031358-00031531 right so that way you know it shows up
Nzcz9hstyC0-00158-00031532-00031702 in different search results where you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00159-00031702-00031999 know if you do you know you know most
Nzcz9hstyC0-00160-00032000-00032206 kills on black ops 3 zombies or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00161-00032207-00032395 something like that or you know best gun
Nzcz9hstyC0-00162-00032395-00032658 and Call of Duty World War 2 something
Nzcz9hstyC0-00163-00032660-00032860 like that you know where yes it may have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00164-00032861-00033106 been done a ton of times but best gun
Nzcz9hstyC0-00165-00033107-00033390 and collared World War 2 is searched for
Nzcz9hstyC0-00166-00033391-00033640 fewer times than Call of Duty World War
Nzcz9hstyC0-00167-00033641-00033817 2 right those are two different key
Nzcz9hstyC0-00168-00033818-00034096 keywords but called R World War two is
Nzcz9hstyC0-00169-00034097-00034240 actually in both titles so it kind of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00170-00034241-00034474 works both ways so you want to be more
Nzcz9hstyC0-00171-00034475-00034648 specific with your keywords but also
Nzcz9hstyC0-00172-00034649-00034912 have those you know broader things in
Nzcz9hstyC0-00173-00034913-00035155 there this also works through the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00174-00035156-00035302 description too so in your description
Nzcz9hstyC0-00175-00035303-00035554 you need to have as many links to your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00176-00035555-00035767 social media profiles as possible put
Nzcz9hstyC0-00177-00035768-00036055 your Facebook page Twitter YouTube or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00178-00036056-00036199 not your detail but like your twitch
Nzcz9hstyC0-00179-00036200-00036454 channel your Instagram page your your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00180-00036455-00036694 snapchat handle you want to put like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00181-00036695-00036895 your tumblr account your Google+ page
Nzcz9hstyC0-00182-00036896-00037042 literally everything you want a ton of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00183-00037043-00037309 different links in your description you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00184-00037310-00037465 want to link to your sponsors you want
Nzcz9hstyC0-00185-00037466-00037663 to link to literally everything that you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00186-00037664-00037825 can plus you want to put in the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00187-00037826-00038029 description a little tiny little piece
Nzcz9hstyC0-00188-00038030-00038317 maybe like a tweets length of what you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00189-00038318-00038446 talked about in the video and include as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00190-00038447-00038578 many keywords in there as you can as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00191-00038579-00038818 well because that is important I found
Nzcz9hstyC0-00192-00038819-00039103 that it's very helpful if your keywords
Nzcz9hstyC0-00193-00039104-00039349 are in both of your title and your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00194-00039350-00039589 description and the keyword section of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00195-00039590-00039846 your upload that'll make the video rank
Nzcz9hstyC0-00196-00039847-00039895 a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00197-00039896-00040099 better in search results than if you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00198-00040100-00040306 just put it in your title or just put it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00199-00040307-00040495 in the tags or something like that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00200-00040496-00040633 and that brings me to our next point you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00201-00040634-00040801 want to use all the tags that you can
Nzcz9hstyC0-00202-00040802-00041005 write you get 500 characters for your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00203-00041006-00041149 tags on YouTube at the time of making
Nzcz9hstyC0-00204-00041150-00041347 this video you want to use as close to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00205-00041348-00041677 that 500 as you 10 make sure to repeat
Nzcz9hstyC0-00206-00041678-00041893 the same one right so if you do Call of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00207-00041894-00042130 Duty then called World War two and then
Nzcz9hstyC0-00208-00042131-00042397 you know if you do Call of Duty ww2 and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00209-00042398-00042637 then you do Call of Duty World War two
Nzcz9hstyC0-00210-00042638-00042931 best gun call of duty world war two best
Nzcz9hstyC0-00211-00042932-00043093 assault rifle so that way ecology World
Nzcz9hstyC0-00212-00043094-00043246 War two shows up in your tags like as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00213-00043247-00043468 many times as you can and you know this
Nzcz9hstyC0-00214-00043469-00043726 isn't this is not specifically against
Nzcz9hstyC0-00215-00043727-00043912 YouTube guidelines because they are all
Nzcz9hstyC0-00216-00043913-00044074 separate keywords they're all separate
Nzcz9hstyC0-00217-00044075-00044344 tags but you really are telling the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00218-00044345-00044491 algorithm like this is a video about
Nzcz9hstyC0-00219-00044492-00044749 College World War two and it you makes
Nzcz9hstyC0-00220-00044750-00044953 me support that claim with all this
Nzcz9hstyC0-00221-00044954-00045106 evidence where it's in the title it's in
Nzcz9hstyC0-00222-00045107-00045260 the description it's in the tags ten
Nzcz9hstyC0-00223-00045261-00045490 times you know in all these different
Nzcz9hstyC0-00224-00045491-00045715 things so work on the title description
Nzcz9hstyC0-00225-00045716-00045967 tags and optimize them in all the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00226-00045968-00046087 different things that I just mentioned
Nzcz9hstyC0-00227-00046088-00046310 that before one more thing about titles
Nzcz9hstyC0-00228-00046311-00046510 to the titles are another very good
Nzcz9hstyC0-00229-00046511-00046666 marketing mechanism that you can use
Nzcz9hstyC0-00230-00046667-00046835 just like your thumbnail I would suggest
Nzcz9hstyC0-00231-00046836-00046993 putting your titles in all caps just
Nzcz9hstyC0-00232-00046994-00047275 because at this point why not it's just
Nzcz9hstyC0-00233-00047276-00047542 it just gets more attention you know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00234-00047543-00047647 might you might get a little bit of hate
Nzcz9hstyC0-00235-00047648-00047767 for it because you look like a height
Nzcz9hstyC0-00236-00047768-00048007 beast click later but just do it and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00237-00048008-00048238 then make sure your titles have again
Nzcz9hstyC0-00238-00048239-00048418 keywords but also sometimes questions
Nzcz9hstyC0-00239-00048419-00048622 are good like is this the best gun and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00240-00048623-00048775 called rule or two question mark
Nzcz9hstyC0-00241-00048776-00048922 exclamation points or something like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00242-00048923-00049063 that because then it's a question people
Nzcz9hstyC0-00243-00049064-00049237 want to know I don't know is it and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00244-00049238-00049372 that's more of like a subconscious
Nzcz9hstyC0-00245-00049373-00049576 thought rather than a that like oh I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00246-00049577-00049792 really want to know like really they're
Nzcz9hstyC0-00247-00049793-00049954 just looking for someone to watch and it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00248-00049955-00050089 you just you kind of see that you're
Nzcz9hstyC0-00249-00050090-00050269 like let's just see what it what he says
Nzcz9hstyC0-00250-00050270-00050395 you know you just keep a minute in or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00251-00050396-00050512 something right but you still get that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00252-00050513-00050683 view which is important the next thing I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00253-00050684-00050893 want to talk about is upload consistency
Nzcz9hstyC0-00254-00050894-00051145 and then your actual content of the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00255-00051146-00051374 uploads right so you want to upload I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00256-00051375-00051592 would say at least once a week right you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00257-00051593-00051712 should probably upload more than that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00258-00051713-00051923 but at least once a week but also don't
Nzcz9hstyC0-00259-00051924-00052108 upload to frequently right if you upload
Nzcz9hstyC0-00260-00052109-00052288 multiple times a day your uploads will
Nzcz9hstyC0-00261-00052289-00052474 overlap and you know it'll kind of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00262-00052475-00052679 consume the views right where you know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00263-00052679-00052837 if you would have got let's say you get
Nzcz9hstyC0-00264-00052838-00053125 25 views per video or let's say we get
Nzcz9hstyC0-00265-00053126-00053265 10 views per video right
Nzcz9hstyC0-00266-00053266-00053438 when you upload once that day and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00267-00053439-00053675 instead of getting ten views you upload
Nzcz9hstyC0-00268-00053676-00053981 again eight hours later now that's gonna
Nzcz9hstyC0-00269-00053982-00054141 show up in some of the sub boxes instead
Nzcz9hstyC0-00270-00054141-00054275 of your first one so now you've got five
Nzcz9hstyC0-00271-00054276-00054471 use and then the other people who are to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00272-00054472-00054617 use your first one might not see that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00273-00054619-00054765 second one in the sub boxes I already
Nzcz9hstyC0-00274-00054766-00054941 watched a video for you today so that's
Nzcz9hstyC0-00275-00054942-00055110 five and five so you really cannibalize
Nzcz9hstyC0-00276-00055111-00055284 your own viewer base so I wouldn't
Nzcz9hstyC0-00277-00055285-00055550 upload more than once a day even for
Nzcz9hstyC0-00278-00055551-00055643 bigger channels I wouldn't really
Nzcz9hstyC0-00279-00055644-00055809 recommend that at all
Nzcz9hstyC0-00280-00055810-00056046 but I would upload multiple times per
Nzcz9hstyC0-00281-00056047-00056328 week at least once a week if you really
Nzcz9hstyC0-00282-00056329-00056472 are pressed for time and if you do only
Nzcz9hstyC0-00283-00056473-00056624 upload once a week try and make it the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00284-00056625-00056862 best video that you can every single
Nzcz9hstyC0-00285-00056863-00057254 week and keep these things in mind ever
Nzcz9hstyC0-00286-00057255-00057474 if you're the fewer you upload the more
Nzcz9hstyC0-00287-00057475-00057666 your uploads matter right they really
Nzcz9hstyC0-00288-00057666-00057863 have to be good videos so you know think
Nzcz9hstyC0-00289-00057864-00058110 of people who you know what's the guy
Nzcz9hstyC0-00290-00058111-00058341 who does content cop I really don't give
Nzcz9hstyC0-00291-00058341-00058509 a [__] about him I can't think of his
Nzcz9hstyC0-00292-00058510-00058779 name because he sucks i dubs his name of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00293-00058779-00058949 the items yeah so he uploads like twice
Nzcz9hstyC0-00294-00058950-00059093 a year or something you know like or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00295-00059094-00059235 once a month I don't know he barely
Nzcz9hstyC0-00296-00059236-00059415 uploads but he gets millions of views
Nzcz9hstyC0-00297-00059416-00059553 every time because it's a very good
Nzcz9hstyC0-00298-00059554-00059741 video very entertaining for a lot of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00299-00059742-00059910 people and he has a loyal fan base
Nzcz9hstyC0-00300-00059911-00060044 because of it right but they're great
Nzcz9hstyC0-00301-00060045-00060206 videos they're not just random both dead
Nzcz9hstyC0-00302-00060207-00060387 right so you know if you're gonna upload
Nzcz9hstyC0-00303-00060388-00060605 infrequently they have to matter and one
Nzcz9hstyC0-00304-00060606-00060723 two things I'm one you got to keep in
Nzcz9hstyC0-00305-00060724-00061025 mind one is this a video that people are
Nzcz9hstyC0-00306-00061026-00061221 searching for right other people who are
Nzcz9hstyC0-00307-00061222-00061505 looking for this content right not just
Nzcz9hstyC0-00308-00061506-00061691 something that you feel like uploading
Nzcz9hstyC0-00309-00061692-00061832 but make sure it's something that there
Nzcz9hstyC0-00310-00061833-00062018 are people out there who can benefit
Nzcz9hstyC0-00311-00062019-00062160 from this video or that they want to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00312-00062161-00062334 watch something like this and the second
Nzcz9hstyC0-00313-00062335-00062543 thing is is this video shareable right
Nzcz9hstyC0-00314-00062544-00062762 does this this does the content of this
Nzcz9hstyC0-00315-00062763-00062942 video make the viewer want to share it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00316-00062943-00063147 with their friends or to social media or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00317-00063148-00063362 to somebody else right that's very
Nzcz9hstyC0-00318-00063363-00063581 important and it has to fit ideally both
Nzcz9hstyC0-00319-00063582-00063729 those things but at least one right
Nzcz9hstyC0-00320-00063729-00063863 because you need to either show up in
Nzcz9hstyC0-00321-00063864-00064043 search results or you have to get people
Nzcz9hstyC0-00322-00064044-00064256 sharing the video around ideally you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00323-00064257-00064428 want both but of course like I said at
Nzcz9hstyC0-00324-00064429-00064751 least one is very important now the next
Nzcz9hstyC0-00325-00064752-00064907 thing is actually the quality of the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00326-00064908-00065099 video itself and this is the technical
Nzcz9hstyC0-00327-00065100-00065282 aspect not the content on the video the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00328-00065283-00065415 actual video itself so you want to make
Nzcz9hstyC0-00329-00065416-00065867 it at least 720p if not 1080p I would
Nzcz9hstyC0-00330-00065868-00066153 say 60 frames per second is probably
Nzcz9hstyC0-00331-00066154-00066309 optional I don't think it's mandatory
Nzcz9hstyC0-00332-00066310-00066510 like you don't have to do 60 frames per
Nzcz9hstyC0-00333-00066511-00066597 second to grow your channel
Nzcz9hstyC0-00334-00066598-00066807 my videos are not 60 frames per second
Nzcz9hstyC0-00335-00066808-00067053 and I do have an elgato hd60 I do have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00336-00067054-00067242 the ability to record in 60 frames per
Nzcz9hstyC0-00337-00067243-00067428 second but I choose not to because it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00338-00067429-00067566 would take a long time to render the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00339-00067567-00067734 videos a long time to upload the videos
Nzcz9hstyC0-00340-00067735-00067944 and I just would rather you know I think
Nzcz9hstyC0-00341-00067945-00068121 30 times per second I think it looks
Nzcz9hstyC0-00342-00068122-00068265 fine right I think my videos look fine
Nzcz9hstyC0-00343-00068266-00068424 in 30 frames per second as long as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00344-00068425-00068748 they're high quality HD 1080p so that's
Nzcz9hstyC0-00345-00068749-00068972 important for me but again don't upload
Nzcz9hstyC0-00346-00068973-00069237 you know unless you really have no other
Nzcz9hstyC0-00347-00069238-00069477 choice you know if all you have is
Nzcz9hstyC0-00348-00069478-00069669 something that records in 360p or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00349-00069670-00069822 something then just go for it it's
Nzcz9hstyC0-00350-00069823-00069948 better to just start than not do
Nzcz9hstyC0-00351-00069949-00070113 anything but really you want to get
Nzcz9hstyC0-00352-00070114-00070398 those videos to at least 720p and I know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00353-00070399-00070734 like with a ps4 share feature like there
Nzcz9hstyC0-00354-00070735-00070908 is a way to do that to get those clips
Nzcz9hstyC0-00355-00070909-00071220 right so you know there are ways to do
Nzcz9hstyC0-00356-00071221-00071481 it so you want to do that again with
Nzcz9hstyC0-00357-00071482-00071706 with that being said should I say you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00358-00071707-00071982 should ideally have a webcam right like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00359-00071983-00072132 I know there are a ton of different
Nzcz9hstyC0-00360-00072133-00072321 people in the community who do
Nzcz9hstyC0-00361-00072322-00072519 commentaries and stuff without showing
Nzcz9hstyC0-00362-00072520-00072786 their face but I think that it really
Nzcz9hstyC0-00363-00072787-00073116 does add an extra piece of quality to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00364-00073117-00073281 that content you know when I watch a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00365-00073282-00073467 video from a huge youtuber and they
Nzcz9hstyC0-00366-00073468-00073737 don't have that webcam it just feels
Nzcz9hstyC0-00367-00073738-00073956 lazy right because you have to record
Nzcz9hstyC0-00368-00073957-00074109 the audio anyway whether or not you're
Nzcz9hstyC0-00369-00074110-00074358 being filmed does not matter and using
Nzcz9hstyC0-00370-00074359-00074502 Sony Vegas whether or not you're cutting
Nzcz9hstyC0-00371-00074503-00074691 an audio track or cutting an audio/video
Nzcz9hstyC0-00372-00074692-00074910 track it takes the same amount of time
Nzcz9hstyC0-00373-00074911-00075048 so I really see no reason why you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00374-00075049-00075261 shouldn't or wouldn't want to do that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00375-00075262-00075396 especially because it increases the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00376-00075397-00075573 production value makes the video look
Nzcz9hstyC0-00377-00075574-00075726 better I don't know maybe these people
Nzcz9hstyC0-00378-00075727-00075921 don't want to be on camera or they think
Nzcz9hstyC0-00379-00075922-00076092 they're ugly or they're insecure or they
Nzcz9hstyC0-00380-00076093-00076290 don't think that they have like the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00381-00076291-00076431 ability to be animated when they're
Nzcz9hstyC0-00382-00076432-00076548 talking or something I don't know what
Nzcz9hstyC0-00383-00076549-00076737 it is but really if you can show your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00384-00076738-00077013 face show your face because it helps you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00385-00077014-00077127 know connect with your viewers they know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00386-00077128-00077295 what you look like they know you know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00387-00077296-00077439 what you look like when you're talking
Nzcz9hstyC0-00388-00077440-00077691 and and how you are as person like in
Nzcz9hstyC0-00389-00077692-00077862 real life in flesh and I feel like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00390-00077863-00078108 that's important and also if you can put
Nzcz9hstyC0-00391-00078109-00078261 some overlays on the video you know put
Nzcz9hstyC0-00392-00078262-00078438 like a banner or you know something like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00393-00078439-00078618 that that kind of flies in from the left
Nzcz9hstyC0-00394-00078619-00078831 that says hey something like that you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00395-00078832-00078987 know those things are important they
Nzcz9hstyC0-00396-00078988-00079134 increase the production value they make
Nzcz9hstyC0-00397-00079135-00079401 the video look like you really put a ton
Nzcz9hstyC0-00398-00079402-00079596 of time in and really like making a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00399-00079597-00079671 banner
Nzcz9hstyC0-00400-00079672-00079854 that's upfront cost right like you know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00401-00079855-00080040 if it takes you two hours to learn how
Nzcz9hstyC0-00402-00080041-00080187 to make a banner and really kind of make
Nzcz9hstyC0-00403-00080188-00080403 one that looks semi good you don't have
Nzcz9hstyC0-00404-00080404-00080556 to do whatever again right you just save
Nzcz9hstyC0-00405-00080557-00080742 it as a PNG file dropping into Sony
Nzcz9hstyC0-00406-00080743-00080922 Vegas or whatever you use and that's it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00407-00080923-00081048 you just use it for every video from
Nzcz9hstyC0-00408-00081049-00081189 then on out so really just make it one
Nzcz9hstyC0-00409-00081190-00081384 time and then that's it if you want to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00410-00081385-00081552 change it in the future you can if you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00411-00081553-00081711 get better at it or if you have someone
Nzcz9hstyC0-00412-00081712-00081864 pay someone to make a better one you can
Nzcz9hstyC0-00413-00081865-00082059 do that but you know for now I would say
Nzcz9hstyC0-00414-00082060-00082242 just make one just to make it look good
Nzcz9hstyC0-00415-00082243-00082371 right just to make your videos look like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00416-00082372-00082533 you put a lot of effort and time into
Nzcz9hstyC0-00417-00082534-00082749 them because people notice it might not
Nzcz9hstyC0-00418-00082750-00082920 seem like a big deal but people notice
Nzcz9hstyC0-00419-00082921-00083079 these tiny little things and they don't
Nzcz9hstyC0-00420-00083080-00083217 notice when it's there but they do
Nzcz9hstyC0-00421-00083218-00083391 notice when it's not there and I think
Nzcz9hstyC0-00422-00083392-00083550 that's what's most important you know if
Nzcz9hstyC0-00423-00083551-00083712 you have a bare-bones channel right
Nzcz9hstyC0-00424-00083713-00083985 where there's no webcam there's no
Nzcz9hstyC0-00425-00083986-00084231 banner the thumbnail isn't customized
Nzcz9hstyC0-00426-00084232-00084429 there's hardly any channel artwork you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00427-00084430-00084708 know it's not any single one of those
Nzcz9hstyC0-00428-00084709-00084915 things will ruin your channel but all of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00429-00084916-00085068 them together just makes it look like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00430-00085069-00085296 this channel isn't trying as hard as
Nzcz9hstyC0-00431-00085297-00085476 most of the other people out there and I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00432-00085477-00085767 think that's important and also when you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00433-00085768-00086100 get a chance upgrade your microphone on
Nzcz9hstyC0-00434-00086101-00086283 board microphones that are notoriously
Nzcz9hstyC0-00435-00086284-00086568 bad at recording your audio so this is a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00436-00086569-00086861 blue Yeti you do not need a blue Yeti to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00437-00086862-00087222 get bigger on YouTube a blue snowball is
Nzcz9hstyC0-00438-00087223-00087432 just fine it has really good audio
Nzcz9hstyC0-00439-00087433-00087687 quality you guys can go whatever you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00440-00087688-00087813 want I know Razer makes really good
Nzcz9hstyC0-00441-00087814-00087993 microphones so you guys can go whichever
Nzcz9hstyC0-00442-00087994-00088218 route you're looking to go you don't
Nzcz9hstyC0-00443-00088219-00088377 have to spend $100 it's like I said on a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00444-00088378-00088563 microphone but if you want to you can
Nzcz9hstyC0-00445-00088564-00088782 and I do suggest buying something other
Nzcz9hstyC0-00446-00088783-00088989 than your onboard microphone either on
Nzcz9hstyC0-00447-00088990-00089190 your webcam or on your laptop or
Nzcz9hstyC0-00448-00089191-00089379 whatever because it's just gonna get
Nzcz9hstyC0-00449-00089380-00089517 sound a lot better and if that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00450-00089518-00089709 commentary sounds like garbage you're
Nzcz9hstyC0-00451-00089710-00089900 not gonna want to watch for a long time
Nzcz9hstyC0-00452-00089901-00090123 and that brings me to my last point and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00453-00090124-00090342 that is retention time you want the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00454-00090343-00090669 video to be ideally ideally over 10
Nzcz9hstyC0-00455-00090670-00090777 minutes because that seems to be like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00456-00090778-00090966 the little magic number where if the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00457-00090967-00091125 video is over 10 minutes YouTube tries
Nzcz9hstyC0-00458-00091126-00091431 to promote it more because it has the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00459-00091432-00091677 higher chance of getting a lot of watch
Nzcz9hstyC0-00460-00091678-00091971 time you know if the video is 5 minutes
Nzcz9hstyC0-00461-00091972-00092109 long even if somebody watches the whole
Nzcz9hstyC0-00462-00092110-00092432 video it's only 5 minutes but if it's
Nzcz9hstyC0-00463-00092433-00092694 it's it's a 12 minute video and somebody
Nzcz9hstyC0-00464-00092695-00092847 only watches half of it that's still a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00465-00092848-00092970 six minute watch time
Nzcz9hstyC0-00466-00092971-00093159 more than the full five minutes of the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00467-00093160-00093396 video so I would say try to push for
Nzcz9hstyC0-00468-00093397-00093717 over ten and don't put in fluff just to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00469-00093718-00094014 reach that you know really try to be
Nzcz9hstyC0-00470-00094015-00094248 entertaining for ten minutes and and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00471-00094249-00094428 don't push it and if you can't reach
Nzcz9hstyC0-00472-00094429-00094587 that ten minute marker that's fine it's
Nzcz9hstyC0-00473-00094588-00094710 not gonna and doesn't mean your videos
Nzcz9hstyC0-00474-00094711-00094941 not gonna do well a lot of times videos
Nzcz9hstyC0-00475-00094942-00095073 that are 30 seconds long will get
Nzcz9hstyC0-00476-00095074-00095268 millions of views because they're only
Nzcz9hstyC0-00477-00095269-00095436 30 seconds long but you know it might
Nzcz9hstyC0-00478-00095437-00095730 not blow your channel up right so try
Nzcz9hstyC0-00479-00095731-00095847 and hit that 10-minute mark if you're
Nzcz9hstyC0-00480-00095848-00096030 doing commentaries but don't feel
Nzcz9hstyC0-00481-00096031-00096216 pressured to if you can't reach it or if
Nzcz9hstyC0-00482-00096217-00096396 your topic just isn't that interesting
Nzcz9hstyC0-00483-00096397-00096522 you can't talk about it for 10 minutes
Nzcz9hstyC0-00484-00096523-00096714 and don't do it but you know all I'm
Nzcz9hstyC0-00485-00096715-00096843 saying is if you can record a nine
Nzcz9hstyC0-00486-00096844-00097041 minute commentary see what you can do to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00487-00097042-00097176 make that maybe a little bit longer
Nzcz9hstyC0-00488-00097177-00097389 add some end credits or something and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00489-00097390-00097587 try just get over that ten minute mark
Nzcz9hstyC0-00490-00097588-00097770 if you're close because I think that'll
Nzcz9hstyC0-00491-00097771-00097887 help you out a little bit I think the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00492-00097888-00098061 last thing I wanna say is kind of just
Nzcz9hstyC0-00493-00098062-00098262 you know this is a marathon not a sprint
Nzcz9hstyC0-00494-00098263-00098370 and I might have mentioned that earlier
Nzcz9hstyC0-00495-00098371-00098673 but that's very important and also I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00496-00098674-00098973 want you guys to try and stick to a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00497-00098974-00099201 common theme right like from my channel
Nzcz9hstyC0-00498-00099202-00099390 it would be very weird if I uploaded
Nzcz9hstyC0-00499-00099391-00099672 let's say a league of Legends video
Nzcz9hstyC0-00500-00099673-00099855 right it wouldn't be like super like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00501-00099856-00100089 it's still gaming but like I don't think
Nzcz9hstyC0-00502-00100090-00100281 a huge there's not a huge overlap in the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00503-00100282-00100443 call of duty community with the League
Nzcz9hstyC0-00504-00100444-00100566 of Legends community I don't know maybe
Nzcz9hstyC0-00505-00100567-00100728 there is and maybe I'm just delusional I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00506-00100729-00100878 mean they're both massive franchises so
Nzcz9hstyC0-00507-00100879-00101070 there must be some overlap but you know
Nzcz9hstyC0-00508-00101071-00101229 or if I upload like a Pokemon video
Nzcz9hstyC0-00509-00101230-00101562 right you know or battery a pokemon red
Nzcz9hstyC0-00510-00101563-00101823 version video right like it came out 20
Nzcz9hstyC0-00511-00101824-00101979 years ago so you know we're actually
Nzcz9hstyC0-00512-00101980-00102147 more than that I think I think it came
Nzcz9hstyC0-00513-00102148-00102303 out in 25 years ago in Japan but anyway
Nzcz9hstyC0-00514-00102304-00102557 regardless trying to a common theme you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00515-00102558-00102702 know if you upload Call of Duty I would
Nzcz9hstyC0-00516-00102703-00103023 say maybe you could do overwatch or you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00517-00103024-00103358 know bring Tom Clancy's Rainbow Six you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00518-00103359-00103626 know you could do those things but I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00519-00103627-00103977 wouldn't go too far right so don't go
Nzcz9hstyC0-00520-00103978-00104106 super far out there that way your
Nzcz9hstyC0-00521-00104107-00104219 viewers aren't like oh what is this
Nzcz9hstyC0-00522-00104220-00104408 garbage and I've learned this lesson the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00523-00104409-00104657 hard way multiple times so just kind of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00524-00104658-00104796 stick to one theme and I think that'll
Nzcz9hstyC0-00525-00104797-00104943 help you grow your channel and then when
Nzcz9hstyC0-00526-00104944-00105144 you're super big then you can kind of
Nzcz9hstyC0-00527-00105145-00105383 say hey you guys know me as a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00528-00105384-00105627 personality rather than a college go to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00529-00105628-00105836 youtube or you know me as a person do
Nzcz9hstyC0-00530-00105838-00105924 you mind if I upload a different
Nzcz9hstyC0-00531-00105925-00106083 gameplay or do you know do you mind if I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00532-00106083-00106194 blog or something like that I think
Nzcz9hstyC0-00533-00106195-00106295 you'll have a better so
Nzcz9hstyC0-00534-00106296-00106433 that's doing it later in the game than
Nzcz9hstyC0-00535-00106433-00106625 early and that's pretty much it guys so
Nzcz9hstyC0-00536-00106626-00106834 thank you so much for watching make sure
Nzcz9hstyC0-00537-00106835-00107011 you drop a thumbs up on this video if I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00538-00107013-00107393 helped you in any way all of the people
Nzcz9hstyC0-00539-00107394-00107672 whose video channels I was going to put
Nzcz9hstyC0-00540-00107673-00107858 in this video I'm gonna link all you
Nzcz9hstyC0-00541-00107858-00108013 guys in the description so make sure if
Nzcz9hstyC0-00542-00108014-00108158 you are one of the people in the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00543-00108158-00108398 description view everybody else's link
Nzcz9hstyC0-00544-00108399-00108511 in the description subscribe to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00545-00108513-00108703 everybody in the description below and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00546-00108704-00108901 if everybody is subscribing to everybody
Nzcz9hstyC0-00547-00108902-00109102 it'll benefit everyone else so this is
Nzcz9hstyC0-00548-00109103-00109283 kind of like a big shout out to all I
Nzcz9hstyC0-00549-00109283-00109459 think there were 16 of you guys that
Nzcz9hstyC0-00550-00109460-00109738 sent me your links so I'll put you guys
Nzcz9hstyC0-00551-00109739-00109943 all in the description below go down
Nzcz9hstyC0-00552-00109944-00110057 there subscribe to all those guys
Nzcz9hstyC0-00553-00110058-00110158 because they're the reason that I'm
Nzcz9hstyC0-00554-00110159-00110348 making this video in the first place and
Nzcz9hstyC0-00555-00110349-00110533 they are small youtubers who could use
Nzcz9hstyC0-00556-00110534-00110713 the support and if you are a small
Nzcz9hstyC0-00557-00110714-00110933 youtuber go down there subscribe to them
Nzcz9hstyC0-00558-00110933-00111064 and then maybe shoot them a message on
Nzcz9hstyC0-00559-00111065-00111251 Twitter and see if you guys can either
Nzcz9hstyC0-00560-00111252-00111427 collaborate or sub4sub or something like
Nzcz9hstyC0-00561-00111428-00111583 that try and kind of build up the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00562-00111584-00111782 community a little bit and drop a drop a
Nzcz9hstyC0-00563-00111783-00111964 like on this video like I said subscribe
Nzcz9hstyC0-00564-00111965-00112145 with the belt turned on so you know the
Nzcz9hstyC0-00565-00112146-00112327 next time I upload and that's been it
Nzcz9hstyC0-00566-00112328-00112414 guys so thank you so much for watching
Nzcz9hstyC0-00567-00112415-00112534 this has been Omni Archive I'll talk to
Nzcz9hstyC0-00568-00112535-00112883 you guys again soon peace
N-jVKoTZlDc-00000-00000020-00000041 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00001-00000042-00000977 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00002-00000978-00003947 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00003-00003947-00005722 okay
N-jVKoTZlDc-00004-00005723-00005897 yo what
N-jVKoTZlDc-00005-00005898-00006215 two is
N-jVKoTZlDc-00006-00006216-00006552 Sada
N-jVKoTZlDc-00007-00006553-00006767 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00008-00006768-00007103 how Columbus
N-jVKoTZlDc-00009-00007104-00007913 Tennessee
N-jVKoTZlDc-00010-00007914-00008606 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00011-00008607-00010913 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00012-00010914-00012221 hours
N-jVKoTZlDc-00013-00012222-00013913 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00014-00013913-00014986 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00015-00014987-00016366 so that could be commercials
N-jVKoTZlDc-00016-00016368-00017494 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00017-00017495-00018575 Allah
N-jVKoTZlDc-00018-00018576-00019615 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00019-00019616-00020877 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00020-00020878-00021569 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00021-00021570-00021721 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00023-00024959-00025355 okay
N-jVKoTZlDc-00024-00025356-00025744 father
N-jVKoTZlDc-00025-00025745-00026489 Allah
N-jVKoTZlDc-00026-00026489-00027370 for Allah
N-jVKoTZlDc-00027-00027372-00028174 oh yes
N-jVKoTZlDc-00028-00028175-00029243 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00030-00032262-00032469 Allah
N-jVKoTZlDc-00031-00032470-00034109 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00032-00034110-00034259 Aki
N-jVKoTZlDc-00033-00034260-00034524 like
N-jVKoTZlDc-00034-00034525-00034923 Muslim chickens
N-jVKoTZlDc-00035-00034924-00035333 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00036-00035334-00036461 is
N-jVKoTZlDc-00037-00036462-00037312 okay
N-jVKoTZlDc-00038-00037313-00039527 then I want to know again
N-jVKoTZlDc-00039-00039528-00039661 children
N-jVKoTZlDc-00040-00039662-00040679 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00041-00040680-00041128 song
N-jVKoTZlDc-00042-00041129-00043367 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00043-00043368-00043733 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00045-00046740-00047353 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00046-00047354-00049955 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00047-00049956-00051035 Allah
N-jVKoTZlDc-00048-00051036-00053332 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00049-00053333-00054065 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00051-00057194-00057809 thank you
N-jVKoTZlDc-00052-00057810-00058199 father
N-jVKoTZlDc-00053-00058200-00060222 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00054-00060223-00061816 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00056-00064920-00065127 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00057-00065128-00066800 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00058-00066801-00067769 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00059-00067770-00068009 foreign
N-jVKoTZlDc-00060-00068010-00069102 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00061-00069103-00069803 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00062-00069804-00070470 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00063-00070471-00071159 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00064-00071350-00072556 [Music]
N-jVKoTZlDc-00065-00072557-00072776 foreign
NBqdCPi9WY4-00000-00001048-00001215 coming up in this episode of what makes
NBqdCPi9WY4-00001-00001216-00001887 a man
NBqdCPi9WY4-00002-00001888-00002126 that wasn't crazy all these years
NBqdCPi9WY4-00003-00002127-00002815 my biological father would then rape me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00004-00002816-00003822 boy behave like
NBqdCPi9WY4-00005-00003823-00004535 i don't know if i agree with that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00006-00004536-00005391 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00007-00005392-00005728 why don't you put out the right
NBqdCPi9WY4-00008-00005729-00006591 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00009-00006592-00006778 no
NBqdCPi9WY4-00010-00006779-00007655 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00011-00007656-00007887 you know most of us are aware of the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00012-00007888-00008078 scourge of violence
NBqdCPi9WY4-00013-00008079-00008231 especially towards the most vulnerable
NBqdCPi9WY4-00014-00008232-00008414 in our society you know particularly
NBqdCPi9WY4-00015-00008415-00008655 women and children
NBqdCPi9WY4-00016-00008656-00008919 and our government says that they're
NBqdCPi9WY4-00017-00008920-00009246 making this a priority
NBqdCPi9WY4-00018-00009247-00009431 i hate baby ceilings
NBqdCPi9WY4-00019-00009432-00009559 you know what i mean
NBqdCPi9WY4-00020-00009560-00009887 i read somewhere that one in four women
NBqdCPi9WY4-00021-00009888-00010174 is affected by gbv which makes me wonder
NBqdCPi9WY4-00022-00010175-00010295 if you know
NBqdCPi9WY4-00023-00010296-00010631 we as society particularly men
NBqdCPi9WY4-00024-00010632-00010974 are failing our women and our children
NBqdCPi9WY4-00025-00010975-00011174 you know and i say this particularly
NBqdCPi9WY4-00026-00011175-00011287 because
NBqdCPi9WY4-00027-00011288-00011503 most perpetrators are men
NBqdCPi9WY4-00028-00011504-00012128 where do we
NBqdCPi9WY4-00029-00012129-00012719 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00030-00012720-00013286 you're begin going through
NBqdCPi9WY4-00031-00013287-00013463 it doesn't move us in any way we're not
NBqdCPi9WY4-00032-00013463-00013647 seeing results he's just talking and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00033-00013647-00013983 talking and we're not seeing results
NBqdCPi9WY4-00034-00013984-00014271 from on my way to me zoo in epic field a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00035-00014272-00014463 small agricultural town at the foothills
NBqdCPi9WY4-00036-00014463-00014694 of the dragons were grounded a community
NBqdCPi9WY4-00037-00014695-00014879 immersed in strong traditional and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00038-00014880-00015071 cultural beliefs so i'd like to hear
NBqdCPi9WY4-00039-00015072-00015247 from big zulu about his views on how
NBqdCPi9WY4-00040-00015247-00015494 tradition informs masculinity and gender
NBqdCPi9WY4-00041-00015495-00015671 roles and also ask him about the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00042-00015672-00015847 allegations that he was violent towards
NBqdCPi9WY4-00043-00015847-00015983 his girlfriend
NBqdCPi9WY4-00044-00015984-00016135 you know this is very important for me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00045-00016136-00016335 this conversation because these types of
NBqdCPi9WY4-00046-00016336-00016550 questions are part of the process that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00047-00016551-00016663 lead
NBqdCPi9WY4-00048-00016664-00016903 to healing and breaking the cycle
NBqdCPi9WY4-00049-00016904-00017145 for all of us as right
NBqdCPi9WY4-00050-00017146-00017935 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00051-00017936-00018094 so we've found a big zoone at his own
NBqdCPi9WY4-00052-00018095-00018279 childhood school who is here to donate
NBqdCPi9WY4-00053-00018280-00018439 laptop
NBqdCPi9WY4-00054-00018440-00018622 so my journey is to go around and meet
NBqdCPi9WY4-00055-00018623-00018799 different people and different artists
NBqdCPi9WY4-00056-00018800-00019519 and different representations of men
NBqdCPi9WY4-00057-00019520-00019935 so i think
NBqdCPi9WY4-00058-00019936-00022511 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00059-00022512-00022727 i just want to know witi where now where
NBqdCPi9WY4-00060-00022728-00023463 do you stand with the accusations that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00061-00023464-00025049 index
NBqdCPi9WY4-00062-00025050-00026614 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00064-00033612-00035656 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00065-00035657-00036502 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00066-00036503-00036687 because
NBqdCPi9WY4-00067-00036688-00036927 it was a time when omama couldn't leave
NBqdCPi9WY4-00068-00036928-00037062 the kaya
NBqdCPi9WY4-00069-00037063-00037367 and women were not allowed to work
NBqdCPi9WY4-00070-00037368-00037679 even even if um yesterday
NBqdCPi9WY4-00071-00037680-00038574 go to indoor technical industry
NBqdCPi9WY4-00072-00038575-00039174 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00075-00049072-00049415 foreign
NBqdCPi9WY4-00076-00049416-00049662 something that didn't sit well with me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00077-00049663-00049954 is that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00078-00049955-00050127 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00079-00050128-00051143 um
NBqdCPi9WY4-00080-00051144-00051375 i don't know if i agree with that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00081-00051376-00051582 there's so much to unpack here when
NBqdCPi9WY4-00082-00051583-00051735 thinking about big zulu's response to
NBqdCPi9WY4-00083-00051736-00051911 the allegations of being violent towards
NBqdCPi9WY4-00084-00051912-00052087 his ex-girlfriend it's important to
NBqdCPi9WY4-00085-00052088-00052279 remember that this was big zulu side of
NBqdCPi9WY4-00086-00052279-00052447 the story and that we haven't heard from
NBqdCPi9WY4-00087-00052448-00052654 her today this was a very difficult
NBqdCPi9WY4-00088-00052655-00052887 conversation you know but what it
NBqdCPi9WY4-00089-00052888-00053103 reminded me of is is that we as human
NBqdCPi9WY4-00090-00053104-00053303 beings we're not linear
NBqdCPi9WY4-00091-00053304-00053454 you know but in order for us to get to a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00092-00053455-00053687 better place as a society
NBqdCPi9WY4-00093-00053688-00053966 we need to definitely embrace the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00094-00053967-00054175 complexities of this problem you know
NBqdCPi9WY4-00095-00054176-00054366 look at the inconsistencies of people's
NBqdCPi9WY4-00096-00054367-00054654 arguments you know embrace the pain that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00097-00054655-00054911 we have suffered from these problems but
NBqdCPi9WY4-00098-00054912-00055279 also the trauma we've experienced
NBqdCPi9WY4-00099-00055279-00055542 i'll be honest you know as a as a young
NBqdCPi9WY4-00100-00055544-00055735 man in his 20s
NBqdCPi9WY4-00101-00055736-00056063 i i don't agree with big zulu's
NBqdCPi9WY4-00102-00056064-00056382 take on gender roles you know um i would
NBqdCPi9WY4-00103-00056383-00056647 definitely want my son to to be
NBqdCPi9WY4-00104-00056648-00056815 proud about his tradition and his
NBqdCPi9WY4-00105-00056816-00057175 culture but also to love his partner and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00106-00057176-00057430 vice versa
NBqdCPi9WY4-00107-00057432-00057838 coming up after the break
NBqdCPi9WY4-00108-00057839-00058136 to me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00109-00058137-00058294 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00110-00058295-00058494 gender rights activist anderle
NBqdCPi9WY4-00111-00058495-00058766 khaleshiwa has formally laid a rape
NBqdCPi9WY4-00112-00058767-00059030 charge against her estranged father i
NBqdCPi9WY4-00113-00059032-00059223 didn't do it for all these years because
NBqdCPi9WY4-00114-00059224-00059423 you're afraid of the system
NBqdCPi9WY4-00115-00059424-00059703 we've heard and seen
NBqdCPi9WY4-00116-00059704-00059919 many cases you know opened and no
NBqdCPi9WY4-00117-00059920-00060230 justice the fact that it's 20 years ago
NBqdCPi9WY4-00118-00060232-00060438 that doesn't mean anything there's you
NBqdCPi9WY4-00119-00060439-00060647 told someone you whoever you told those
NBqdCPi9WY4-00120-00060648-00060854 people come and stand with you
NBqdCPi9WY4-00121-00060854-00060975 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00122-00060976-00061103 in this journey of unpacking
NBqdCPi9WY4-00123-00061104-00061287 gender-based violence and what it means
NBqdCPi9WY4-00124-00061288-00061503 to be a man it's vital that we center
NBqdCPi9WY4-00125-00061504-00061663 the voices of victims to help us
NBqdCPi9WY4-00126-00061664-00061879 understand the real pain and the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00127-00061879-00062006 suffering that our people are going
NBqdCPi9WY4-00128-00062007-00062206 through so we're on the road again to
NBqdCPi9WY4-00129-00062207-00062463 meet with soweto born and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00130-00062464-00062671 see and this time we're headed for her
NBqdCPi9WY4-00131-00062672-00063094 launch of her memoir remembering
NBqdCPi9WY4-00132-00063095-00063366 father then raped me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00133-00063367-00063606 i i ran and i went to the bathroom and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00134-00063607-00063766 spent the night in the bathroom right
NBqdCPi9WY4-00135-00063767-00064030 but throughout that night
NBqdCPi9WY4-00136-00064032-00064342 the pain of the physical pain
NBqdCPi9WY4-00137-00064344-00064471 right
NBqdCPi9WY4-00138-00064472-00064726 of penetration of it being done by my
NBqdCPi9WY4-00139-00064727-00065054 biological father and at that point
NBqdCPi9WY4-00140-00065055-00065391 i don't know a boy i've not had sex
NBqdCPi9WY4-00141-00065391-00065550 you just raped me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00142-00065551-00065735 if i'd had a strong enough relationship
NBqdCPi9WY4-00143-00065736-00066015 with my mom and i was able to go to her
NBqdCPi9WY4-00144-00066016-00066231 after the event that happened we could
NBqdCPi9WY4-00145-00066232-00066294 have
NBqdCPi9WY4-00146-00066295-00066535 gotten my dad arrested first of all at
NBqdCPi9WY4-00147-00066536-00066753 that time
NBqdCPi9WY4-00148-00066754-00067191 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00149-00067192-00067391 on stage i noticed you're smiling and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00150-00067392-00067494 you're telling the story of what
NBqdCPi9WY4-00151-00067495-00067759 happened is that a coping mechanism or
NBqdCPi9WY4-00152-00067760-00068119 part of the healing
NBqdCPi9WY4-00153-00068120-00068335 for me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00154-00068336-00068599 it's no longer painful
NBqdCPi9WY4-00155-00068600-00068991 because it's no longer a wound
NBqdCPi9WY4-00156-00068992-00069215 it's a scar
NBqdCPi9WY4-00157-00069216-00069526 so a scar has healed
NBqdCPi9WY4-00158-00069527-00069750 you'll still see the mark
NBqdCPi9WY4-00159-00069751-00069919 start bleeding
NBqdCPi9WY4-00160-00069920-00070238 so i smile because i'm constantly every
NBqdCPi9WY4-00161-00070239-00070447 time i'm asked questions i'm constantly
NBqdCPi9WY4-00162-00070448-00070735 reminded august i went through that but
NBqdCPi9WY4-00163-00070736-00070894 i'm here now
NBqdCPi9WY4-00164-00070895-00071047 and so
NBqdCPi9WY4-00165-00071048-00071279 it's a it's a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00166-00071280-00071526 feeling
NBqdCPi9WY4-00167-00071527-00071726 filling my pants wearing my you know
NBqdCPi9WY4-00168-00071727-00072015 being full in my everything
NBqdCPi9WY4-00169-00072016-00072247 um
NBqdCPi9WY4-00170-00072248-00072375 and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00171-00072376-00072550 and being present
NBqdCPi9WY4-00172-00072551-00072823 because that's all i can be you know
NBqdCPi9WY4-00173-00072824-00072926 um
NBqdCPi9WY4-00174-00072927-00073150 i i wear my heart
NBqdCPi9WY4-00175-00073151-00073455 on my sleeve so when i'm not okay you'll
NBqdCPi9WY4-00176-00073456-00073543 know
NBqdCPi9WY4-00177-00073544-00073806 when i'm about to break down you'll know
NBqdCPi9WY4-00178-00073807-00074103 when i'm not feeling okay you anymore
NBqdCPi9WY4-00179-00074104-00074294 but when i smile
NBqdCPi9WY4-00180-00074295-00074487 it's me it's almost
NBqdCPi9WY4-00181-00074488-00074767 it's almost pulling a zeb sign to
NBqdCPi9WY4-00182-00074768-00074919 the nonsense
NBqdCPi9WY4-00183-00074920-00075071 that i've been through
NBqdCPi9WY4-00184-00075072-00075287 yeah it's me taking my powers me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00185-00075288-00075615 standing in my power
NBqdCPi9WY4-00186-00075616-00075775 that's why i wrote about forgiveness in
NBqdCPi9WY4-00187-00075776-00075871 the book
NBqdCPi9WY4-00188-00075872-00076103 because if you don't forgive
NBqdCPi9WY4-00189-00076104-00076255 it's not just about that person that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00190-00076256-00076399 you're not forgiving it's almost like
NBqdCPi9WY4-00191-00076400-00076535 you're taking a knife and stabbing
NBqdCPi9WY4-00192-00076536-00076823 yourself you don't forgive then you
NBqdCPi9WY4-00193-00076824-00077071 are the one that that is messed up can
NBqdCPi9WY4-00194-00077072-00077343 you say you forgive your father
NBqdCPi9WY4-00195-00077344-00077591 i forgave my dad
NBqdCPi9WY4-00196-00077592-00077838 i i forgave him
NBqdCPi9WY4-00197-00077839-00077967 the day
NBqdCPi9WY4-00198-00077968-00078238 i went to go open that court case
NBqdCPi9WY4-00199-00078239-00078343 and then
NBqdCPi9WY4-00200-00078344-00078591 that evening i a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00201-00078592-00078862 sergeant or contract whatever that man's
NBqdCPi9WY4-00202-00078863-00079135 title was called me to ridicule me on
NBqdCPi9WY4-00203-00079136-00079247 the phone
NBqdCPi9WY4-00204-00079248-00079462 um telling me that yeah
NBqdCPi9WY4-00205-00079463-00079694 my case is 20 years old i don't remember
NBqdCPi9WY4-00206-00079695-00079831 things
NBqdCPi9WY4-00207-00079832-00080135 and yeah because i'm famous now they
NBqdCPi9WY4-00208-00080136-00080294 must open a case
NBqdCPi9WY4-00209-00080295-00080415 and then
NBqdCPi9WY4-00210-00080416-00080782 when my my stepdad who's now passed on
NBqdCPi9WY4-00211-00080783-00080950 spoke to me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00212-00080951-00081215 and was like let it go
NBqdCPi9WY4-00213-00081216-00081462 it's gonna do more damage than good for
NBqdCPi9WY4-00214-00081463-00081550 you
NBqdCPi9WY4-00215-00081551-00081782 you've done well for yourself
NBqdCPi9WY4-00216-00081783-00082062 since 2002 you're healing women you're
NBqdCPi9WY4-00217-00082063-00082215 healing yourself
NBqdCPi9WY4-00218-00082216-00082335 let it go
NBqdCPi9WY4-00219-00082336-00082662 let him go but i felt like i let
NBqdCPi9WY4-00220-00082663-00082975 women die because this was my father he
NBqdCPi9WY4-00221-00082976-00083143 raped me first i don't know if i'm the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00222-00083144-00083438 first victim of his but
NBqdCPi9WY4-00223-00083439-00083631 i felt like if i didn't report it back
NBqdCPi9WY4-00224-00083632-00083823 then
NBqdCPi9WY4-00225-00083824-00083982 these other people would have been saved
NBqdCPi9WY4-00226-00083983-00084175 but then again all of us are on our
NBqdCPi9WY4-00227-00084176-00084287 journeys
NBqdCPi9WY4-00228-00084288-00084615 so i also know what i can take on my
NBqdCPi9WY4-00229-00084616-00084862 shoulders and what i cannot
NBqdCPi9WY4-00230-00084863-00085031 with perpetrators
NBqdCPi9WY4-00231-00085032-00085294 they might make an excuse of this is why
NBqdCPi9WY4-00232-00085295-00085447 i did what i did
NBqdCPi9WY4-00233-00085448-00085759 but can it ever be justified no no i
NBqdCPi9WY4-00234-00085760-00085926 mean look here
NBqdCPi9WY4-00235-00085927-00086159 you drink alcohol you go stab someone
NBqdCPi9WY4-00236-00086160-00086406 it's not the alcohol
NBqdCPi9WY4-00237-00086407-00086775 you your state was altered sha but even
NBqdCPi9WY4-00238-00086776-00087111 in that ultra state uh altered states
NBqdCPi9WY4-00239-00087112-00087415 you still can put two and two together
NBqdCPi9WY4-00240-00087416-00087743 you went and hurt someone not yourself
NBqdCPi9WY4-00241-00087744-00088006 so your brain could still compute
NBqdCPi9WY4-00242-00088007-00088238 so when i say
NBqdCPi9WY4-00243-00088239-00088423 the devil got a hold of him that's a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00244-00088424-00088887 story i was telling myself
NBqdCPi9WY4-00245-00088888-00089055 it doesn't make sense no matter how you
NBqdCPi9WY4-00246-00089056-00089199 look at it
NBqdCPi9WY4-00247-00089200-00089382 and then mozart
NBqdCPi9WY4-00248-00089383-00089575 was controlling it then you're like
NBqdCPi9WY4-00249-00089576-00089841 okay maybe
NBqdCPi9WY4-00250-00089842-00090231 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00251-00090232-00090550 and get to know who this person actually
NBqdCPi9WY4-00252-00090551-00090655 is
NBqdCPi9WY4-00253-00090656-00090911 he's got lots of kids everyone so he's a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00254-00090912-00091071 famous musician
NBqdCPi9WY4-00255-00091072-00091294 this is somebody who didn't have does
NBqdCPi9WY4-00256-00091295-00091550 not have self-discipline
NBqdCPi9WY4-00257-00091551-00091806 uh this is somebody who's entitled who
NBqdCPi9WY4-00258-00091807-00091982 takes what he wants
NBqdCPi9WY4-00259-00091983-00092087 and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00260-00092088-00092359 for that day for those minutes
NBqdCPi9WY4-00261-00092360-00092518 he saw what he wanted and he took it
NBqdCPi9WY4-00262-00092519-00092647 from me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00263-00092648-00092903 but he's the same person whose dna runs
NBqdCPi9WY4-00264-00092904-00093038 through my veins
NBqdCPi9WY4-00265-00093039-00093303 it's a mind for a better for lack of a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00266-00093304-00093447 better word
NBqdCPi9WY4-00267-00093448-00093879 but the point is he's a monster
NBqdCPi9WY4-00268-00093880-00094071 speaking justice and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00269-00094072-00094255 it made me think how common it is that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00270-00094256-00094462 we hear about sexual abuse taking place
NBqdCPi9WY4-00271-00094463-00094671 in our own families
NBqdCPi9WY4-00272-00094672-00094823 and yet we don't know how to talk about
NBqdCPi9WY4-00273-00094824-00094935 it
NBqdCPi9WY4-00274-00094936-00095191 the realities people face day to day
NBqdCPi9WY4-00275-00095192-00095367 mean that abused children and women
NBqdCPi9WY4-00276-00095368-00095535 remain silent
NBqdCPi9WY4-00277-00095536-00095759 and so the cycle of violence is allowed
NBqdCPi9WY4-00278-00095760-00096031 to continue
NBqdCPi9WY4-00279-00096032-00096271 now angela's case is one of many and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00280-00096272-00096438 fits within a wide spectrum of what
NBqdCPi9WY4-00281-00096439-00096615 gender-based violence can look like i
NBqdCPi9WY4-00282-00096616-00096774 want to speak to someone who can make
NBqdCPi9WY4-00283-00096775-00096959 sense and make me understand where is
NBqdCPi9WY4-00284-00096960-00097206 this violence in our society coming from
NBqdCPi9WY4-00285-00097207-00097431 so i'm here to look for professor malo
NBqdCPi9WY4-00286-00097432-00097543 silanga
NBqdCPi9WY4-00287-00097544-00097694 who is the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00288-00097695-00098031 senior lecturer but also an associate
NBqdCPi9WY4-00289-00098032-00098215 professor in the department of
NBqdCPi9WY4-00290-00098216-00098438 psychology after effects um and so
NBqdCPi9WY4-00291-00098439-00098694 professor wrote this book
NBqdCPi9WY4-00292-00098695-00098831 becoming men
NBqdCPi9WY4-00293-00098832-00099071 which is about black masculinities in
NBqdCPi9WY4-00294-00099072-00099303 south african townships so learning
NBqdCPi9WY4-00295-00099304-00100199 information unpack and understand
NBqdCPi9WY4-00296-00100200-00100844 and as a result
NBqdCPi9WY4-00297-00100845-00101006 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00298-00101007-00101182 what makes a man
NBqdCPi9WY4-00299-00101183-00101343 you're not born a man
NBqdCPi9WY4-00300-00101344-00101623 you have a sex organ you become and we
NBqdCPi9WY4-00301-00101624-00101774 come through
NBqdCPi9WY4-00302-00101775-00102023 socialization how you're taught things
NBqdCPi9WY4-00303-00102024-00102238 that you've been told from a very young
NBqdCPi9WY4-00304-00102239-00102430 age you get told to say like you're a
NBqdCPi9WY4-00305-00102431-00102702 boy behave like one yeah a girl behave
NBqdCPi9WY4-00306-00102703-00102951 like one for boys that process is very
NBqdCPi9WY4-00307-00102952-00103271 traumatic that process is very violent
NBqdCPi9WY4-00308-00103272-00103502 but maybe let me give you
NBqdCPi9WY4-00309-00103503-00103854 a very simple example you go to a crash
NBqdCPi9WY4-00310-00103855-00104039 let's say you meet the four-year-olds
NBqdCPi9WY4-00311-00104040-00104247 the five-year-olds group of boys and you
NBqdCPi9WY4-00312-00104248-00104447 say to them who is the weakest of all
NBqdCPi9WY4-00313-00104448-00104534 here
NBqdCPi9WY4-00314-00104535-00104751 you know what will be direction not me
NBqdCPi9WY4-00315-00104752-00104990 and not me and then
NBqdCPi9WY4-00316-00104991-00105302 already they've already gazed each other
NBqdCPi9WY4-00317-00105303-00105678 and they may all tend to say waianae
NBqdCPi9WY4-00318-00105679-00105943 and then ayanda may react with no i'm
NBqdCPi9WY4-00319-00105944-00106158 not the weakest by doing what by then
NBqdCPi9WY4-00320-00106159-00106278 pushing other people pushing other
NBqdCPi9WY4-00321-00106279-00106423 people no it's not me yeah it's not
NBqdCPi9WY4-00322-00106424-00106615 getting violent you know and by pushing
NBqdCPi9WY4-00323-00106616-00106799 it's a demonstration to say i'm not that
NBqdCPi9WY4-00324-00106800-00106895 weak
NBqdCPi9WY4-00325-00106896-00107127 and this is the burden that men sort of
NBqdCPi9WY4-00326-00107128-00107334 like don't carry they need to prove
NBqdCPi9WY4-00327-00107335-00107478 and and this
NBqdCPi9WY4-00328-00107479-00107751 proving has to happen in a public
NBqdCPi9WY4-00329-00107752-00108143 forum yeah you know for introducing okay
NBqdCPi9WY4-00330-00108144-00108439 and that proving it becomes costly and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00331-00108440-00108775 it becomes costly and costly and costly
NBqdCPi9WY4-00332-00108776-00108990 because along the way
NBqdCPi9WY4-00333-00108991-00109215 men stab each other you know the male
NBqdCPi9WY4-00334-00109216-00109431 homicide in this country skyrocketing
NBqdCPi9WY4-00335-00109432-00109766 but then how does it get to the point of
NBqdCPi9WY4-00336-00109767-00110015 it
NBqdCPi9WY4-00337-00110016-00110254 how does it get to that turning point if
NBqdCPi9WY4-00338-00110255-00110431 this is to prove
NBqdCPi9WY4-00339-00110432-00110639 who's the alpha male
NBqdCPi9WY4-00340-00110640-00110943 the violence against like women
NBqdCPi9WY4-00341-00110944-00111063 cannot be
NBqdCPi9WY4-00342-00111064-00111286 seen in isolation
NBqdCPi9WY4-00343-00111288-00111510 through male to male sort of like
NBqdCPi9WY4-00344-00111511-00111702 non-violence you know because this
NBqdCPi9WY4-00345-00111703-00111863 discussion unfortunately cannot be
NBqdCPi9WY4-00346-00111864-00112231 divorced from our history of colonialism
NBqdCPi9WY4-00347-00112232-00112447 history of our parade and where we are
NBqdCPi9WY4-00348-00112448-00112815 at here you see how this young black men
NBqdCPi9WY4-00349-00112816-00113102 like you who grew up like my fathers
NBqdCPi9WY4-00350-00113103-00113223 are
NBqdCPi9WY4-00351-00113224-00113495 rejecting or are distancing themselves
NBqdCPi9WY4-00352-00113496-00113575 from
NBqdCPi9WY4-00353-00113576-00113783 anything sort of like a negative but
NBqdCPi9WY4-00354-00113783-00113966 that distancing
NBqdCPi9WY4-00355-00113967-00114190 you can see in the book comes at a cost
NBqdCPi9WY4-00356-00114191-00114366 it's quite painful
NBqdCPi9WY4-00357-00114367-00114510 and and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00358-00114511-00114686 some of the view to say we're going to
NBqdCPi9WY4-00359-00114688-00114815 raise
NBqdCPi9WY4-00360-00114816-00115071 a new group of like men that would begin
NBqdCPi9WY4-00361-00115072-00115247 to question things and question things
NBqdCPi9WY4-00362-00115248-00115527 and obviously when you question things
NBqdCPi9WY4-00363-00115528-00115727 i'm of the view to say change
NBqdCPi9WY4-00364-00115728-00115917 is bound to like my hairpin
NBqdCPi9WY4-00365-00115918-00116263 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00366-00116264-00116454 we as a nation we need to dig deep on
NBqdCPi9WY4-00367-00116455-00116671 how we define what a man is professor
NBqdCPi9WY4-00368-00116672-00116839 langer talked about how it starts with
NBqdCPi9WY4-00369-00116840-00117054 how we are treated as children and hyper
NBqdCPi9WY4-00370-00117055-00117310 masculinity is encouraged like we now
NBqdCPi9WY4-00371-00117311-00117558 said in the last episode we men feel the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00372-00117559-00117775 need to overcompensate
NBqdCPi9WY4-00373-00117776-00117919 maybe that's where our tendency to be
NBqdCPi9WY4-00374-00117920-00118134 violence is rooted and our history of
NBqdCPi9WY4-00375-00118135-00118366 colonialism and apartheid is a huge part
NBqdCPi9WY4-00376-00118367-00118478 of this
NBqdCPi9WY4-00377-00118479-00118686 we as a country have a lot to work
NBqdCPi9WY4-00378-00118688-00118878 through and the journey is only just the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00379-00118879-00119031 beginning
NBqdCPi9WY4-00380-00119032-00119215 in the next episode of mtv sugar what
NBqdCPi9WY4-00381-00119216-00119454 makes a man the issue was not gender it
NBqdCPi9WY4-00382-00119455-00119734 was violent the original rules of street
NBqdCPi9WY4-00383-00119735-00119910 culture there's no part that says
NBqdCPi9WY4-00384-00119911-00120231 disrespect a woman my family abuses
NBqdCPi9WY4-00385-00120232-00120423 a woman because i never let any white
NBqdCPi9WY4-00386-00120424-00120590 man like close enough to me first
NBqdCPi9WY4-00387-00120591-00120734 generation of black men who were raped
NBqdCPi9WY4-00388-00120735-00120902 were raped in their minds when white
NBqdCPi9WY4-00389-00120903-00121063 people were taking our grandfathers and
NBqdCPi9WY4-00390-00121064-00121295 our uncles and breaking their backs the
NBqdCPi9WY4-00391-00121296-00121527 lady that was doing counseling was like
NBqdCPi9WY4-00392-00121528-00122239 you have deeper issues my guy
NBqdCPi9WY4-00393-00122240-00122360 uh
NBqdCPi9WY4-00394-00122361-00123331 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00395-00123332-00124166 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00396-00124167-00125039 [Music]
NBqdCPi9WY4-00397-00125040-00125369 why don't you turn the lights out
NBqdCPi9WY4-00398-00125370-00125688 [Music]