text: The President of the United States, yesterday, approved the Loan and Treasury bill perfected by Congress the day before, and this measure is now the law of the land. It creates a National Currency of United States Notes of the denominations of five dollars and upwards, made lawful money, and a legal tender for all debts, public and private, and in all payments to and from the Government, other than for Customs duties to the United States, and Interest on the Public Debt by the United States. The total amount of this currency authorized is not to exceed $150,000,000, including the $60,000,000 of United States Notes issued under the Act of July 17. These being made receivable by that Act, for all public dues, are now authorized to be accepted in place of Gold for Customs Duties; but the whole issue is to be withdrawn and canceled, and regular legal tender United States Notes substituted, as soon as practicable. The Customs Duties, whether in Gold or United States Notes, are specifically pledged for the interest on the Public Debt, which is to be invariably paid in gold.
  
  The loan authorized by this act is limited to five hundred million of dollars, on the estimate of the Secretary of the Treasury, for the service of the remaining four months of the present fiscal year and the succeeding fiscal year. Only one form of loan is prescribed -- a twenty year 6 cent. stock, coupon or registered, which may be redeemed, at the pleasure of the Government, at any time after five years at the par value thereof. Into this Stock the United States Notes of circulation are made convertible, the conversion not to affect the sum total of United States Notes, legal tender, which the Treasury is authorized to keep in circulation.
  
  The order issued by the Secretary of War, prohibiting the publication of military news, does not, it is understood, apply so much to movements which have already been made as to those which are to take place. In publishing the former, however, it will be necessary to avoid all details of military force, and all statements from which the number, position or strength of the National armies can be inferred. Descriptions of battles, therefore, can be given in full, unless there should arise a necessity for a temporary suppression.
  
  From Tennessee the news is meagre. It seems that on the rebel evacuation of Nashville, the Union citizens of the place had sent a steamboat to Clarksville, which towed up one of our gunboats for their protection. Gov. HARRIS and the rebel force, as mentioned yesterday, retreated to Murfreesboro, where the rebel Governor delivered a savage war speech. Martial law has been declared in West Tennessee. It is to cease its operations as soon as the loyal citizens organize a Government. Postal facilities will follow the flag.
  
  From Cairo we learn that the mortar fleet is finished. We have no news of the evacuation of Columbus. The rebels say they will make a stand at Columbus, Randolph and Memphis -- the three fortified points on the Mississippi River.
  
  Advices from Santa Fe, New-Mexico, to the 10th inst., are received. The rebel SIBLEY is reported to be at Fort Thomas, fifty miles from Fort Craig, advancing toward the latter place, but with few supplies, and poor transportation. This expedition was expected to result in a total failure.
  
  We learn from Wilmington, N.C., that a part of the gunboats attached to Gen. BURNSIDE's Expedition have entered Roanoke River. This stream is formed by the junction of the Staunton and Dan Rivers, near the southern boundary of Virginia, and flows into the head of Albemarle Sound. It is navigable to within a short distance of Weldon at the intersection of the railroads running to Wilmington, Gaston, Hicksford, Norfolk, and other points.
  
  We learn from Fortress Monroe, that the attempt to lay the telegraph cable across the Chesapeake Bay was a failure, on account of the severe gale of Monday night. About sixteen miles were payed out successfully, however, before operations were stopped, and the end is buoyed up, so that a connection can be made. The steamer Hoboken, engaged in the enterprise, was wrecked on Cape Henry, but her crew escaped. The gunboat R.B. Forbes is also reported ashore at Nag's Head.
  
  The Cincinnati papers furnish us with a number of interesting and important items regarding affairs in the West. The correspondent of the Commercial says that Gen. BUSHROD JOHNSON and all his staff, except Capt. MOORMAN, escaped from Fort Donelson on Monday last, after they had been prisoners but thirty-six hours. No trick was resorted to in order to effect their escape; they simply mounted their horses and rode through the lines. A correspondent of the Gazette reports that Gen. GRANT and a portion of his staff on the 21st, accompanied by Col. WALLACE, of the Eleventh Illinois, proceeded, under a flag of truce, up the Cumberland beyond Clarksville, in the direction of Nashville, where they met Gov. HARRIS, who, after an interview, asked an armistice and cessation of hostilities for three days, when he promised that the National flag should float over every fortified point in Tennessee.
summary: The President of the United States, yesterday, approved the Loan and Treasury bill perfected by Congress the day before, and this measure is now the law of the land. It creates a National Currency of United States Notes of the denominations of five dollars and upwards, made lawful money, and a legal tender for all debts, public and private,