target
stringclasses 5
values | description
stringlengths 2
1.81k
⌀ | description_cln
stringlengths 2
1.77k
⌀ |
|---|---|---|
METHODS | Homes are centrally randomized to intervention and control groups in blocks of variable size using a computer generated allocation sequence . | Homes are centrally randomized to intervention and control groups in blocks of variable size using a computer generated allocation sequence. |
METHODS | Randomization is stratified by home size and profit/nonprofit status . | Randomization is stratified by home size and profit/nonprofit status. |
METHODS | Prescribing data retrieval and analysis are performed by blinded personnel . | Prescribing data retrieval and analysis are performed by blinded personnel. |
CONCLUSIONS | Our study will contribute to an improved understanding of the feasibility and acceptability of a multifaceted intervention aimed at translating knowledge to LTC practitioners . | Our study will contribute to an improved understanding of the feasibility and acceptability of a multifaceted intervention aimed at translating knowledge to LTC practitioners. |
CONCLUSIONS | Lessons learned from this study will be valuable in guiding future research and understanding the complexities of translating knowledge in LTC . | Lessons learned from this study will be valuable in guiding future research and understanding the complexities of translating knowledge in LTC. |
OBJECTIVE | To describe the psychometric properties and identify the minimally important difference ( MID ) of the hepatitis C virus patient-reported outcomes ( HCV-PRO ) instrument . | To describe the psychometric properties and identify the minimally important difference (MID) of the hepatitis C virus patient-reported outcomes (HCV-PRO) instrument. |
OBJECTIVE | Chronic HCV infection and associated treatments negatively affect PROs of function and well-being . | Chronic HCV infection and associated treatments negatively affect PROs of function and well-being. |
METHODS | In a phase 2 trial , HCV-infected patients received direct-acting antivirals ( DAAs ) for 12weeks with peg-interferon/ribavirin ( peg-IFN/RBV ) for 48weeks , or placebo plus peg-IFN/RBV . | In a phase 2 trial, HCV-infected patients received direct-acting antivirals (DAAs) for 12weeks with peg-interferon/ribavirin (peg-IFN/RBV) for 48weeks, or placebo plus peg-IFN/RBV. |
METHODS | The HCV-PRO total score , SF-36 PCS and MCS scores , EQ-5D-3L , and EQ VAS were measured at baseline , week 8 , end of DAA treatment ( EODT ) , end of peg-IFN/RBV treatment ( EOT ) , and posttreatment week 24 ( SVR24 ) . | The HCV-PRO total score, SF-36 PCS and MCS scores, EQ-5D-3L, and EQ VAS were measured at baseline, week 8, end of DAA treatment (EODT), end of peg-IFN/RBV treatment (EOT), and posttreatment week 24 (SVR24). |
METHODS | Convergent validity of the HCV-PRO was assessed by Pearson 's correlation coefficients . | Convergent validity of the HCV-PRO was assessed by Pearson 's correlation coefficients. |
METHODS | Discriminant validity was assessed by analyzing mean HCV-PRO total scores by EQ-5D anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort domain scores ( none vs. some ) and presence/absence of depression or fatigue adverse events . | Discriminant validity was assessed by analyzing mean HCV-PRO total scores by EQ-5D anxiety/depression and pain/discomfort domain scores (none vs. some) and presence/absence of depression or fatigue adverse events. |
METHODS | MID was identified through effect size ( ES ) and receiver-operating characteristic ( ROC ) curve analyses ( HCV-PRO response vs. SF-36 PCS/MCS and EQ VAS MID thresholds ) . | MID was identified through effect size (ES) and receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analyses (HCV-PRO response vs. SF-36 PCS/MCS and EQ VAS MID thresholds). |
RESULTS | In 74 patients ( 22 % female ; 81 % White ; 51 % 50years ) , correlations ( 0.64-0 .96 ) between HCV-PRO total scores , SF-36 PCS/MCS scores , and EQ VAS scores at all time points supported convergent validity . | In 74 patients (22 % female ; 81 % White ; 51 % 50years), correlations (0. 64-0. 96) between HCV-PRO total scores, SF-36 PCS/MCS scores, and EQ VAS scores at all time points supported convergent validity. |
RESULTS | HCV-PRO total scores were reduced to 10-30 points in patients impaired by depression , pain , or fatigue symptoms . | HCV-PRO total scores were reduced to 10-30 points in patients impaired by depression, pain, or fatigue symptoms. |
RESULTS | Impact of peg-IFN/RBV regimen on HCV-PRO ES increased over time ( EODT -0.76 ; EOT -0.93 ) . | Impact of peg-IFN/RBV regimen on HCV-PRO ES increased over time (EODT -0. 76 ; EOT -0. 93). |
RESULTS | ES and ROC curve analyses indicated an MID of -10 points . | ES and ROC curve analyses indicated an MID of -10 points. |
CONCLUSIONS | The HCV-PRO was valid and responsive in the population studied . | The HCV-PRO was valid and responsive in the population studied. |
CONCLUSIONS | An MID of -10 points represented a threshold of clinical significance for the HCV-PRO . | An MID of -10 points represented a threshold of clinical significance for the HCV-PRO. |
BACKGROUND | Severe fecal incontinence remains a disabling condition for the patient and a major therapeutic challenge for the physician . | Severe fecal incontinence remains a disabling condition for the patient and a major therapeutic challenge for the physician. |
BACKGROUND | A series of observational studies have indicated that placement of an artificial bowel sphincter is associated with marked improvement of continence and quality of life . | A series of observational studies have indicated that placement of an artificial bowel sphincter is associated with marked improvement of continence and quality of life. |
BACKGROUND | We have performed a prospective , randomized , controlled trial to evaluate the effect of placement of an artificial bowel sphincter ( Acticon Neosphincter ) on continence and quality of life in a group of severely incontinent adults . | We have performed a prospective, randomized, controlled trial to evaluate the effect of placement of an artificial bowel sphincter (Acticon Neosphincter) on continence and quality of life in a group of severely incontinent adults. |
METHODS | Fourteen adults ( male : female , 1:13 ; age range , 44-75 years ) were randomized to placement of the artificial bowel sphincter or to a program of supportive care and were followed for six months from operation or entry into the study . | Fourteen adults (male : female, 1:13 ; age range, 44-75 years) were randomized to placement of the artificial bowel sphincter or to a program of supportive care and were followed for six months from operation or entry into the study. |
METHODS | The principal outcome measure was the level of continence , measured with the Cleveland Continence Score , which provides a scale from 0 to 20 , representing perfect control through to total incontinence . | The principal outcome measure was the level of continence, measured with the Cleveland Continence Score, which provides a scale from 0 to 20, representing perfect control through to total incontinence. |
METHODS | Secondary outcome measures were perioperative and late complications in the artificial bowel sphincter group , and the changes in quality of life in both groups . | Secondary outcome measures were perioperative and late complications in the artificial bowel sphincter group, and the changes in quality of life in both groups. |
RESULTS | In the control group , the Cleveland Continence Score was not significantly altered , with an initial value of 17.1 + / - 2.3 and a final value of 14.3 + / - 4.6 at six months . | In the control group, the Cleveland Continence Score was not significantly altered, with an initial value of 17. 1 + / - 2. 3 and a final value of 14. 3 + / - 4. 6 at six months. |
RESULTS | The artificial bowel sphincter group showed a highly significant improvement , changing from 19.0 + / - 1.2 before placement to 4.8 + / - 4.0 at six months after placement . | The artificial bowel sphincter group showed a highly significant improvement, changing from 19. 0 + / - 1. 2 before placement to 4. 8 + / - 4. 0 at six months after placement. |
RESULTS | One patient in the artificial bowel sphincter group had failure of healing of the perineal wound and explantation of the device ( 14 percent explantation rate ) . | One patient in the artificial bowel sphincter group had failure of healing of the perineal wound and explantation of the device (14 percent explantation rate). |
RESULTS | There were two other significant perioperative events of recurring fecal impaction initially after placement in one patient and additional suturing of the perineal wound in another . | There were two other significant perioperative events of recurring fecal impaction initially after placement in one patient and additional suturing of the perineal wound in another. |
RESULTS | There were major improvements in the quality of life for all measures in the artificial bowel sphincter group . | There were major improvements in the quality of life for all measures in the artificial bowel sphincter group. |
RESULTS | There was significant improvement in all eight subscales of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36 measures . | There was significant improvement in all eight subscales of the Medical Outcome Study Short Form-36 measures. |
RESULTS | The American Medical Systems Quality of Life score was raised from 39 + / - 6 to 83 + / - 14 and the Beck Depression Inventory showed reduction from a level of mild depression ( 10.8 + / - 9.3 ) to a normal value ( 6.8 + / - 8.7 ) . | The American Medical Systems Quality of Life score was raised from 39 + / - 6 to 83 + / - 14 and the Beck Depression Inventory showed reduction from a level of mild depression (10. 8 + / - 9. 3) to a normal value (6. 8 + / - 8. 7). |
RESULTS | No significant changes in any of the quality of life measures occurred for the control group . | No significant changes in any of the quality of life measures occurred for the control group. |
CONCLUSIONS | Through a prospective , randomized trial format , we have shown that placement of an artificial bowel sphincter is safe and effective when compared with supportive care alone . | Through a prospective, randomized trial format, we have shown that placement of an artificial bowel sphincter is safe and effective when compared with supportive care alone. |
CONCLUSIONS | Perioperative and late problems are likely to continue to occur and between 15 percent and 30 percent of patients may require permanent explantation . | Perioperative and late problems are likely to continue to occur and between 15 percent and 30 percent of patients may require permanent explantation. |
CONCLUSIONS | For the remainder , the device is easy and discrete to use , highly effective in achieving continence , and able to generate a major improvement in the quality of life . | For the remainder, the device is easy and discrete to use, highly effective in achieving continence, and able to generate a major improvement in the quality of life. |
OBJECTIVE | Statins are known to reduce plasma C-reactive protein ( CRP ) concentrations . | Statins are known to reduce plasma C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations. |
OBJECTIVE | Our goal was to define the mechanisms by which CRP was reduced by maximal dose atorvastatin . | Our goal was to define the mechanisms by which CRP was reduced by maximal dose atorvastatin. |
METHODS | Eight subjects with combined hyperlipidemia ( 5 men and 3 postmenopausal women ) were enrolled in a randomized , placebo-controlled double-blind , cross over study . | Eight subjects with combined hyperlipidemia (5 men and 3 postmenopausal women) were enrolled in a randomized, placebo-controlled double-blind, cross over study. |
METHODS | Subjects underwent a 15-h primed-constant infusion with deuterated leucine after 8 weeks of placebo and 80mg/day of atorvastatin . | Subjects underwent a 15-h primed-constant infusion with deuterated leucine after 8 weeks of placebo and 80mg/day of atorvastatin. |
METHODS | CRP was isolated from lipoprotein deficient plasma , ( density > 1.21 g/ml ) by affinity chromatography . | CRP was isolated from lipoprotein deficient plasma, (density > 1. 21 g/ml) by affinity chromatography. |
METHODS | Isotopic enrichment was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry . | Isotopic enrichment was determined by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry. |
METHODS | Kinetic parameters were determined using compartmental modeling . | Kinetic parameters were determined using compartmental modeling. |
METHODS | Paired t test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test were used to compare differences between placebo and atorvastatin . | Paired t test and Wilcoxon signed ranks test were used to compare differences between placebo and atorvastatin. |
RESULTS | Compared with placebo , atorvastatin decreased median CRP pool size by 28.4 % ( 13.313.78 vs 10.263.93 mg ; p = 0.16 ) , associated with a median CRP fractional catabolic rate increase of 39.9 % ( 0.340.06 vs 0.500.11 pools/day ; p = 0.09 ) , with no significant effect on median CRP production rate ( 0.0500.01 vs 0.0490.01 mg/kg/day ; p = 0.78 ) . | Compared with placebo, atorvastatin decreased median CRP pool size by 28. 4 % (13. 313. 78 vs 10. 263. 93 mg ; p = 0. 16), associated with a median CRP fractional catabolic rate increase of 39. 9 % (0. 340. 06 vs 0. 500. 11 pools/day ; p = 0. 09), with no significant effect on median CRP production rate (0. 0500. 01 vs 0. 0490. 01 mg/kg/day ; p = 0. 78). |
CONCLUSIONS | Our data indicate that maximal doses of atorvastatin lower plasma CRP levels by substantially decreasing the median CRP plasma residence time from 2.94 days to 2.0 days , with no significant effect on the median CRP production rate . | Our data indicate that maximal doses of atorvastatin lower plasma CRP levels by substantially decreasing the median CRP plasma residence time from 2. 94 days to 2. 0 days, with no significant effect on the median CRP production rate. |
OBJECTIVE | To compare the influence on blood pressure , glucose , and lipid levels of a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids with an isocaloric , high-carbohydrate diet in 15 NIDDM subjects . | To compare the influence on blood pressure, glucose, and lipid levels of a diet rich in monounsaturated fatty acids with an isocaloric, high-carbohydrate diet in 15 NIDDM subjects. |
METHODS | A crossover design with diet interventions and wash-out periods of 3 wk was applied . | A crossover design with diet interventions and wash-out periods of 3 wk was applied. |
METHODS | The patients were randomly assigned to a 3-wk treatment with a high-carbohydrate diet containing 50 % of energy as carbohydrate and 30 % of energy as fat ( 10 % of energy as monounsaturated fatty acids ) or an isocaloric diet with 30 % of energy as carbohydrate and 50 % of energy as fat ( 30 % of energy as monounsaturated fatty acids ) . | The patients were randomly assigned to a 3-wk treatment with a high-carbohydrate diet containing 50 % of energy as carbohydrate and 30 % of energy as fat (10 % of energy as monounsaturated fatty acids) or an isocaloric diet with 30 % of energy as carbohydrate and 50 % of energy as fat (30 % of energy as monounsaturated fatty acids). |
METHODS | On the last day of the two diets , 24-h ambulatory blood pressure was measured and day profiles of glucose , hormones , and lipids were performed to a test menu rich in carbohydrates . | On the last day of the two diets, 24-h ambulatory blood pressure was measured and day profiles of glucose, hormones, and lipids were performed to a test menu rich in carbohydrates. |
RESULTS | The diet rich in monounsaturated fat reduced daytime systolic ( 131 + / - 3 vs. 137 + / - 3 mmHg , P < 0.04 ) and 24-h systolic blood pressure ( 126 + / - 8 vs. 130 + / - 10 mmHg , P < 0.03 ) as well as daytime diastolic ( 78 + / - 2 vs. 84 + / - 2 mmHg , P < 0.02 ) and diurnal diastolic blood pressure ( 75 + / - 6 vs. 78 + / - 5 mmHg , P < 0.03 ) as compared with the high-carbohydrate diet . | The diet rich in monounsaturated fat reduced daytime systolic (131 + / - 3 vs. 137 + / - 3 mmHg, P < 0. 04) and 24-h systolic blood pressure (126 + / - 8 vs. 130 + / - 10 mmHg, P < 0. 03) as well as daytime diastolic (78 + / - 2 vs. 84 + / - 2 mmHg, P < 0. 02) and diurnal diastolic blood pressure (75 + / - 6 vs. 78 + / - 5 mmHg, P < 0. 03) as compared with the high-carbohydrate diet. |
RESULTS | Evidence of lowered blood glucose levels on the high-monounsaturated diet compared with the high-carbohydrate diet were found with lower fasting blood glucose ( 6.1 + / - 0.3 vs. 6.8 + / - 0.5 mM , P < 0.05 ) , lower average blood glucose levels ( 7.4 + / - 0.5 vs. 8.2 + / - 0.6 mM , P < 0.04 ) , and peak blood glucose responses ( 9.9 + / - 0.6 vs. 11.3 + / - 0.7 mM , P < 0.02 ) . | Evidence of lowered blood glucose levels on the high-monounsaturated diet compared with the high-carbohydrate diet were found with lower fasting blood glucose (6. 1 + / - 0. 3 vs. 6. 8 + / - 0. 5 mM, P < 0. 05), lower average blood glucose levels (7. 4 + / - 0. 5 vs. 8. 2 + / - 0. 6 mM, P < 0. 04), and peak blood glucose responses (9. 9 + / - 0. 6 vs. 11. 3 + / - 0. 7 mM, P < 0. 02). |
RESULTS | The two diets had the same impact on lipid levels . | The two diets had the same impact on lipid levels. |
CONCLUSIONS | A diet rich in monounsaturated fat has beneficial effects on blood pressure and glucose metabolism , whereas no adverse effects on lipid composition in NIDDM subjects is detected . | A diet rich in monounsaturated fat has beneficial effects on blood pressure and glucose metabolism, whereas no adverse effects on lipid composition in NIDDM subjects is detected. |
BACKGROUND | The injection of stem cells in the context of acute myocardial infarction ( AMI ) has been tested almost exclusively by anterograde intra-arterial coronary ( IAC ) delivery . | The injection of stem cells in the context of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) has been tested almost exclusively by anterograde intra-arterial coronary (IAC) delivery. |
BACKGROUND | The retrograde intravenous coronary ( IVC ) delivery may be an additional route . | The retrograde intravenous coronary (IVC) delivery may be an additional route. |
OBJECTIVE | To compare the cell distribution and retention pattern in the anterograde and retrograde routes . | To compare the cell distribution and retention pattern in the anterograde and retrograde routes. |
OBJECTIVE | To investigate the role of microvascular obstruction by magnetic resonance imaging in cell retention by cardiac tissue after the injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells ( BMMC ) in AMI . | To investigate the role of microvascular obstruction by magnetic resonance imaging in cell retention by cardiac tissue after the injection of bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMMC) in AMI. |
METHODS | This was a prospective , open label , randomized study . | This was a prospective, open label, randomized study. |
METHODS | Patients with AMI who presented : ( 1 ) successful chemical or mechanical reperfusion within 24 hours of symptom onset and ( 2 ) infarction involving more than 10 % of the left ventricle ( LV ) at the myocardial scintigraphy were included in the study . | Patients with AMI who presented : (1) successful chemical or mechanical reperfusion within 24 hours of symptom onset and (2) infarction involving more than 10 % of the left ventricle (LV) at the myocardial scintigraphy were included in the study. |
METHODS | One hundred million BMMC were injected into the infarction-related artery through IAC route , or vein through the IVC route . | One hundred million BMMC were injected into the infarction-related artery through IAC route, or vein through the IVC route. |
METHODS | One percent of the injected cells were labeled with 99mTc-hexamethyl-propylene-amine-oxime ( 99mTc-HMPAO ) . | One percent of the injected cells were labeled with 99mTc-hexamethyl-propylene-amine-oxime (99mTc-HMPAO). |
METHODS | Cell distribution was evaluated at 4 and 24 hours after the myocardial scintigraphy injection . | Cell distribution was evaluated at 4 and 24 hours after the myocardial scintigraphy injection. |
METHODS | Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed before cell injection . | Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging was performed before cell injection. |
RESULTS | Thirty patients were randomized into three groups . | Thirty patients were randomized into three groups. |
RESULTS | There were no serious adverse events related to the procedure . | There were no serious adverse events related to the procedure. |
RESULTS | The early and late retention of labeled cells was higher in the IAC group than in IVC group , regardless of the presence of microcirculation obstruction . | The early and late retention of labeled cells was higher in the IAC group than in IVC group, regardless of the presence of microcirculation obstruction. |
CONCLUSIONS | The injection using the retrograde approach was feasible and safe . | The injection using the retrograde approach was feasible and safe. |
CONCLUSIONS | Cell retention by cardiac tissue was higher using the anterograde approach . | Cell retention by cardiac tissue was higher using the anterograde approach. |
CONCLUSIONS | More studies are needed to confirm these findings . | More studies are needed to confirm these findings. |
BACKGROUND | Maximal consumption of oxygen ( VO ( 2 ) max ) during exercise is used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD ) to stratify perioperative risk . | Maximal consumption of oxygen (VO (2) max) during exercise is used in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) to stratify perioperative risk. |
BACKGROUND | However , the impact of therapeutic hyperoxia ( i.e. , use of supplemental oxygen to prevent hypoxemia during exercise ) on ( VO ( 2 ) max and other ventilatory parameters during maximal exercise in the resting normoxic COPD population is poorly defined . | However, the impact of therapeutic hyperoxia (i. e., use of supplemental oxygen to prevent hypoxemia during exercise) on (VO (2) max and other ventilatory parameters during maximal exercise in the resting normoxic COPD population is poorly defined. |
METHODS | A randomized , double-blind crossover study was performed in which resting normoxic subjects ( n = 16 ) with COPD underwent two standard symptom-limited , ramped-protocol bicycle ergometry cardiopulmonary exercise tests > 5 days apart with FiO ( 2 ) of 0.21 ( control ) and ~ 0.28 ( therapeutic hyperoxia ) . | A randomized, double-blind crossover study was performed in which resting normoxic subjects (n = 16) with COPD underwent two standard symptom-limited, ramped-protocol bicycle ergometry cardiopulmonary exercise tests > 5 days apart with FiO (2) of 0. 21 (control) and ~ 0. 28 (therapeutic hyperoxia). |
METHODS | VO ( 2 ) max and other ventilatory parameters were compared using a paired two-sample t-test . | VO (2) max and other ventilatory parameters were compared using a paired two-sample t-test. |
RESULTS | Therapeutic hyperoxia significantly increased VO ( 2 ) max ( 12.2 2.9 vs. 13.6 3.8 ml/kg/min , P = 0.03 ) , partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide , and oxygen saturation and significantly decreased VE-VCO ( 2 ) slope , but it did not affect exercise time , maximum watts achieved , maximum minute ventilation , or change in end-expiratory lung volume . | Therapeutic hyperoxia significantly increased VO (2) max (12. 2 2. 9 vs. 13. 6 3. 8 ml/kg/min, P = 0. 03), partial pressure of end-tidal carbon dioxide, and oxygen saturation and significantly decreased VE-VCO (2) slope, but it did not affect exercise time, maximum watts achieved, maximum minute ventilation, or change in end-expiratory lung volume. |
RESULTS | Three of four subjects with VO ( 2 ) max < 10 ml/kg/min without supplemental oxygen increased VO ( 2 ) max to 10 ml/kg/min on therapeutic hyperoxia and potentially changed perioperative risk category . | Three of four subjects with VO (2) max < 10 ml/kg/min without supplemental oxygen increased VO (2) max to 10 ml/kg/min on therapeutic hyperoxia and potentially changed perioperative risk category. |
CONCLUSIONS | Therapeutic hyperoxia in a resting normoxic COPD population significantly improves VO ( 2 ) max and may change perioperative risk stratification by conventional criteria . | Therapeutic hyperoxia in a resting normoxic COPD population significantly improves VO (2) max and may change perioperative risk stratification by conventional criteria. |
CONCLUSIONS | Further studies are needed to determine if this change in stratification is appropriate . | Further studies are needed to determine if this change in stratification is appropriate. |
BACKGROUND | Survivors of advanced Hodgkin disease , who were assigned randomly to treatment by mechlorethamine , vincristine , procarbazine , and prednisone ( MOPP ) ; doxorubicin , bleomycin , vinblastine , and dacarbazine ( ABVD ) ; or MOPP alternating with ABVD in a clinical trial of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B ( protocol 8251 ) , were compared in terms of their psychosocial adaptation and psychosexual function an average of 2.2 years after completion of treatment ( range , 1-5 years ) . | Survivors of advanced Hodgkin disease, who were assigned randomly to treatment by mechlorethamine, vincristine, procarbazine, and prednisone (MOPP) ; doxorubicin, bleomycin, vinblastine, and dacarbazine (ABVD) ; or MOPP alternating with ABVD in a clinical trial of the Cancer and Leukemia Group B (protocol 8251), were compared in terms of their psychosocial adaptation and psychosexual function an average of 2. 2 years after completion of treatment (range, 1-5 years). |
BACKGROUND | The study was undertaken to determine if there were differences among treatments in these functional areas as a consequence of differential long-term gonadal damage in the three regimens . | The study was undertaken to determine if there were differences among treatments in these functional areas as a consequence of differential long-term gonadal damage in the three regimens. |
METHODS | Ninety-three disease-free survivors of advanced Hodgkin disease ( 56 men and 37 women ) were studied ( a minimum of 1 year after completion of treatment ) by an interview conducted over the telephone . | Ninety-three disease-free survivors of advanced Hodgkin disease (56 men and 37 women) were studied (a minimum of 1 year after completion of treatment) by an interview conducted over the telephone. |
METHODS | Standardized measures were used to assess their psychologic , sexual , family , and vocational functioning , including the following tests : the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale -- Self Report , the Brief Symptom Inventory , the Profile of Mood States , and the Impact of Event Scale . | Standardized measures were used to assess their psychologic, sexual, family, and vocational functioning, including the following tests : the Psychosocial Adjustment to Illness Scale -- Self Report, the Brief Symptom Inventory, the Profile of Mood States, and the Impact of Event Scale. |
RESULTS | Contrary to expectation , no statistically significant differences in survivors ' psychosocial adaptation or psychosexual function were found by treatment arm . | Contrary to expectation, no statistically significant differences in survivors'psychosocial adaptation or psychosexual function were found by treatment arm. |
RESULTS | Infertility ( based on survivors ' reports of medical test results and perceptions ) and lower income 1 year before the diagnosis of cancer were significant predictors of poorer adjustment . | Infertility (based on survivors'reports of medical test results and perceptions) and lower income 1 year before the diagnosis of cancer were significant predictors of poorer adjustment. |
RESULTS | Most survivors reported a range of problems that they attributed to having had cancer : 35 % , proven or perceived infertility ; 24 % , sexual problems ; 31 % , health and life insurance problems ; 26 % , a negative socioeconomic effect ; and 51 % , conditioned nausea , associated with visual or olfactory reminders of chemotherapy . | Most survivors reported a range of problems that they attributed to having had cancer : 35 %, proven or perceived infertility ; 24 %, sexual problems ; 31 %, health and life insurance problems ; 26 %, a negative socioeconomic effect ; and 51 %, conditioned nausea, associated with visual or olfactory reminders of chemotherapy. |
CONCLUSIONS | No significant long-term advantage in psychosocial adaptation or psychosexual function was found for survivors of Hodgkin disease treated by the less gonadally toxic ABVD regimen 1 to 5 years after completion of treatment . | No significant long-term advantage in psychosocial adaptation or psychosexual function was found for survivors of Hodgkin disease treated by the less gonadally toxic ABVD regimen 1 to 5 years after completion of treatment. |
BACKGROUND | Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a pleiotropic neuropeptide with potent vasodilatory properties , which interferes with renin release and might participate in cardiovascular homeostasis . | Calcitonin gene-related peptide is a pleiotropic neuropeptide with potent vasodilatory properties, which interferes with renin release and might participate in cardiovascular homeostasis. |
METHODS | We studied the influence of salt intake on the plasma concentration of calcitonin gene-related peptide , parathyroid hormone and on the renin-aldosterone system in 15 patients with mild hypertension . | We studied the influence of salt intake on the plasma concentration of calcitonin gene-related peptide, parathyroid hormone and on the renin-aldosterone system in 15 patients with mild hypertension. |
METHODS | Each participant was studied after 1 week of high salt intake ( 200 mmol/day ) and after 1 week of low salt intake ( 50 mmol/day ) . | Each participant was studied after 1 week of high salt intake (200 mmol/day) and after 1 week of low salt intake (50 mmol/day). |
METHODS | The order of the two diet periods was randomized and crossover . | The order of the two diet periods was randomized and crossover. |
METHODS | Plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay after pre-extraction by reverse chromatography . | Plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide concentration was measured by radioimmunoassay after pre-extraction by reverse chromatography. |
METHODS | Seven patients were classified as salt-sensitive and eight as salt-resistant . | Seven patients were classified as salt-sensitive and eight as salt-resistant. |
RESULTS | In the whole group the low salt intake caused a significant decrease in arterial pressure and the expected increase in plasma renin activity and in plasma aldosterone concentration . | In the whole group the low salt intake caused a significant decrease in arterial pressure and the expected increase in plasma renin activity and in plasma aldosterone concentration. |
RESULTS | Such changes were accompanied by a significant increase in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide . | Such changes were accompanied by a significant increase in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide. |
RESULTS | In salt-resistant patients in the sodium-replete state calcitonin gene-related peptide levels tended to be reduced in comparison with salt-sensitive patients . | In salt-resistant patients in the sodium-replete state calcitonin gene-related peptide levels tended to be reduced in comparison with salt-sensitive patients. |
RESULTS | Sodium depletion , however , caused a more pronounced rise in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide in salt-resistant hypertensives , who attained levels close to those in salt-sensitive hypertensives . | Sodium depletion, however, caused a more pronounced rise in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide in salt-resistant hypertensives, who attained levels close to those in salt-sensitive hypertensives. |
RESULTS | Interestingly , in salt-resistant hypertensives changes in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide were closely related to plasma renin activity ( r = 0.71 , P = 0.003 ) , whereas no such correlation was found in salt-sensitive patients . | Interestingly, in salt-resistant hypertensives changes in plasma calcitonin gene-related peptide were closely related to plasma renin activity (r = 0. 71, P = 0. 003), whereas no such correlation was found in salt-sensitive patients. |
RESULTS | Parathyroid hormone was not influenced by changes in salt intake . | Parathyroid hormone was not influenced by changes in salt intake. |
CONCLUSIONS | In subjects with mild hypertension calcitonin gene-related peptide is sensitive to changes in salt intake in the physiological range . | In subjects with mild hypertension calcitonin gene-related peptide is sensitive to changes in salt intake in the physiological range. |
CONCLUSIONS | Such a response seems to be linked to the individual arterial pressure response to salt , because salt-resistant patients showed reduced calcitonin gene-related peptide levels in the sodium-replete state and a more pronounced calcitonin gene-related peptide increase , closely related to plasma renin activity , during sodium deprivation . | Such a response seems to be linked to the individual arterial pressure response to salt, because salt-resistant patients showed reduced calcitonin gene-related peptide levels in the sodium-replete state and a more pronounced calcitonin gene-related peptide increase, closely related to plasma renin activity, during sodium deprivation. |
OBJECTIVE | To make a study of the effect of Chaihu Shihuang soup on blood serum level TNF , IL-6 and IL-10 of severe acute pancratitis . | To make a study of the effect of Chaihu Shihuang soup on blood serum level TNF, IL-6 and IL-10 of severe acute pancratitis. |