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New Dundee, Ontario	New Dundee is a small community of 1,119 people at the time of the 2016 Census, in the Township of Wilmot, Ontario, Canada, south-west of Kitchener. History This settlement not far from Berlin (Kitchener) on the Alder Creek, owes its existence to the Millar brothers, Frederick, William, John and David from Dundee Scotland probably in the 1830s. They started businesses here while still living in Berlin. (The exact dates are not known.) John Millar, dammed the creek and built a sawmill. Later Frederick bought most of John's properties and built a large grist mill which would continue operating until 1980. In the 1850s, he arranged for the completion of a village plan but the area did not attract many settlers because it was some miles from the main roads and the railway. Later, Lutherans from Germany settled here as did some Mennonites from Waterloo Township. The Post Office was opened in 1852. By 1870, there were two churches, two hotels, a school, the sawmill and the flour mill, and factories that produced shingles, rakes and flax, as well as two stores and two hotels. The population was 250. In 1904, Ezra H. Thamer opened New Dundee's first Bell Telephone exchange, the New Dundee Rural Telephone Company, and started a small home-based creamery. By 1908, other investors joined the group, and the creamery became a larger operation, initially as the New Dundee Farmer’s Cooperative Creamery Company Ltd.; it was later renamed to the New Dundee Co-Operative Creamery Ltd. The operation became the community's largest industry, processing 140 million pounds of milk in 1964, for example. The business closed in 1998 and the factory was dismantled in 2005. The current New Dundee Public School was built in 1928, with additions in 2008 and 2013. The Dundee Country Club golf course opened in 1970. Many small businesses are located within the community on Alder Lake and some historic buildings are still standing. William J. Wintemberg, called by some the "Father of Canadian Archaeology", and an expert on Iroquioan prehistory, was born in the village. Geography New Dundee is situated along the Grand River watershed. The local stream is called Alder Creek. Alder Creek flows into the Nith River a few kilometres downstream. The original settlers built the town because of its creek.
Hypermastus georgiregis	Hypermastus georgiregis is a species of sea snail, a marine gastropod mollusk in the family Eulimidae.
Mike Glennon	Michael Joseph Glennon (born December 12, 1989) is an American football quarterback for the Las Vegas Raiders of the National Football League (NFL). He played college football at NC State and was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the third round of the 2013 NFL Draft. He has also played for the Chicago Bears and Arizona Cardinals. Early years Glennon attended Westfield High School in Fairfax County, Virginia, and played for the Westfield Bulldogs high school football and basketball teams. As a senior, he completed 171 of 265 passes for 2,557 yards and 32 touchdowns. Glennon led his team to an undefeated 15–0 record and the Virginia Division 6 AAA State championship title when the Bulldogs defeated the Woodbridge High School Vikings 42–14. He was the Virginia Gatorade Player of the Year and was a Parade magazine high school All-American. He was rated the third best quarterback recruit in the nation by Rivals.com in 2008. College career Glennon enrolled in North Carolina State University, where he played for the NC State Wolfpack football team from 2008 to 2012. In 2008, he was redshirted. In 2009 and 2010, he was the backup to starting quarterback Russell Wilson. During that time, he completed 33 of 52 passes for 326 yards with a touchdown and two interceptions. As a junior in 2011, he took over as the starter. On November 26, against Maryland, he had 306 passing yards, five touchdowns, and one interception. For the 2011 season, he completed 283 of 453 passes for 3,054 yards with 31 touchdowns and 12 interceptions. In his final season with the Wolfpack, he had some great statistical games. On September 22, against The Citadel, he had 233 passing yards, one passing touchdown, and two rushing touchdowns. On September 29, against Miami, he had 440 passing yards, four touchdowns, and two interceptions. On October 27, against North Carolina, he had 467 passing yards, five touchdowns, and two interceptions. On November 17, against Clemson, he had 493 passing yards, five touchdowns, and one interception. Overall, in the 2012 season, he completed 330 of 564 passes for 4,031 yards with 31 touchdowns and 17 interceptions. Statistics Source: Professional career Tampa Bay Buccaneers 2013 season: Rookie season On April 26, 2013, Glennon was drafted by the Tampa Bay Buccaneers in the third round (73rd overall pick) of the 2013 NFL Draft. He was the third quarterback taken in the draft behind E. J. Manuel (16th pick) and Geno Smith (39th pick). On June 12, 2013, Glennon signed a four-year contract with the Buccaneers worth $3,104,063, with a $637,500 signing bonus. On September 25, 2013, the Bucs announced that Glennon would start in Week 4 over Josh Freeman, after the team started the season 0–3. Glennon threw his first career touchdown to wide receiver Mike Williams, but threw a critical late interception to Arizona Cardinals cornerback Patrick Peterson and lost 13–10. Despite Glennon throwing 7 touchdowns to 1 interception and achieving a passer rating over 90 in the next four games, the Buccaneers lost their next four games to drop to 0–8. He earned his first win as an NFL starter the next week against the Miami Dolphins, though he had just 139 passing yards and an interception. He won his next two games as well with a combined passer rating of 142.0 and completing 77% of his passes. He went 1–4 the rest of the season, without reaching a passer rating of 80. The Buccaneers finished their season with a 4–12 record and 4–9 with Glennon at quarterback. He finished his rookie campaign with an 83.9 passer rating, completing 59.4 percent of his passes (247 of 416) for 2,608 passing yards, 19 touchdowns, and 9 interceptions. Glennon was named to the Pro Football Writer's Association's All-Rookie Team for his strong first year performance, becoming the third Buccaneers quarterback to receive this award, joining Tom Owen (1974), Doug Williams (1978). 2014 season New head coach Lovie Smith quickly announced that newly signed journeyman Josh McCown would be the starting quarterback for the upcoming 2014 season, leaving Glennon's future in Tampa Bay in question. On May 10, Smith stated while McCown would be the starter, Glennon was the Bucs' "quarterback of the future". That same day, Rick Stroud of the Tampa Bay Times reported that the Bucs turned down at least six trade offers for Glennon during the 2014 NFL Draft. Glennon made his 2014 season debut Week 3 on Thursday Night Football against the Atlanta Falcons. Glennon entered the game near the end of the first half, after McCown suffered a thumb injury. At the time of Glennon's entry into the game, the Buccaneers already trailed 35–0. Glennon completed 17 of 24 passes for 121 yards, 1 touchdown, and no interceptions. The Bucs lost the game 56–14. Glennon started the next five games in relief of the injured McCown. In his first game as starter, Glennon recorded his first career 300 yard game and the Bucs first season win, 27–24 over the Pittsburgh Steelers. However, the Bucs lost their next four games (two in overtime), and Smith brought McCown back as starter in Week 10. The Buccaneers finished the season with a league worst 2–14 record, and 1–4 with Glennon as the quarterback. Glennon finished his second season campaign with an 83.3 passer rating. He completed 57.6 percent of his passes (117 of 203) for 1,417 passing yards, and threw 10 touchdowns and 6 interceptions. 2015 season Glennon did not see any playing time during the 2015 season. He was the backup to the number one overall pick in the 2015 NFL Draft, Jameis Winston. 2016 season In 2016, Glennon was again the backup to Winston. After Winston suffered a knee injury midway through the fourth quarter of the Week 9 game against the Atlanta Falcons, Glennon entered and completed 10 of 11 passes for 75 yards and a touchdown. Glennon also appeared in the Week 10 game against the Chicago Bears but did not record any statistics in three plays. Chicago Bears On March 9, 2017, Glennon signed a three-year, $45 million contract with the Chicago Bears. On September 4, 2017, the Bears named Glennon as their starting quarterback for Week 1 against the Falcons. On September 10, 2017, in his Bears regular season debut, Glennon finished 26-of-40 for 213 yards and a touchdown in a 23–17 home loss to the Atlanta Falcons at Soldier Field. His first touchdown as a Bear was a 19-yard pass to running back Tarik Cohen. He had 301 yards, but had two interceptions, in a Week 2 29–7 loss to his former team, the Tampa Bay Buccaneers, and 101 yards and a late interception in an overtime win over the Pittsburgh Steelers. In the next game, he threw two interceptions and lost two fumbles in a Week 4 Thursday Night Football loss to the Green Bay Packers. On October 2, seven days before the Week 5 game against the Minnesota Vikings, it was announced that Glennon had been benched in favor of rookie 2017 first-round pick Mitchell Trubisky. Glennon saw no more playing time in the 2017 season after Trubisky was named the starter. In four games, he finished with 833 passing yards, four touchdowns, and five interceptions. He also had eight turnovers, which led the league at the time of his benching. On February 28, 2018, the Bears' general manager Ryan Pace announced that Glennon would be released at the start of the new league year. He was officially released on March 14, 2018. Arizona Cardinals On March 16, 2018, Glennon signed a two-year contract with the Arizona Cardinals. He appeared in two games in the 2018 season in relief of Josh Rosen. He was released on March 8, 2019. Oakland Raiders On March 22, 2019, Glennon signed with the Oakland Raiders. In Week 7, against the Green Bay Packers, Glennon came into the game in relief of Derek Carr. He completed two passes for 36 yards and a touchdown in the 42–24 loss. Statistics Personal life Glennon has an older brother and sister, Sean and Katie. Sean was a quarterback for the Virginia Tech Hokies from 2004 to 2008. Glennon completed his academic tenure at NC State with two degrees: a bachelor's degree in Business Management and a Master of Arts in Liberal Studies, graduating on December 14, 2012. His GPA in the MALS program, which had an emphasis in leadership and sports management, was in the 3.8 range on a 4.0 scale. The curriculum included classes in financial management of corporations and investments and portfolio management.
Strug	Strug () is a small settlement on the left bank of the Dravinja River in the Municipality of Makole in northeastern Slovenia. The area is part of the traditional region of Styria. It is now included with the rest of the municipality in the Drava Statistical Region. A small chapel-shrine in the settlement dates to the 19th century.
Solar eclipse of January 22, 1841	A partial solar eclipse occurred on January 22, 1841 during summer. A solar eclipse occurs when the Moon passes between Earth and the Sun, thereby totally or partly obscuring the image of the Sun for a viewer on Earth. A partial solar eclipse occurs in the polar regions of the Earth when the center of the Moon's shadow misses the Earth. It was the first of four partial eclipses that took place that year, two in a space of two months each, the next on was on February 21 covered a small part of the Northern Hemisphere. It was the last two of solar saros 109, the last one was on February 3, 1859. Description The eclipse was visible in the a part of northern Antarctica which had a 24-hour daylight that time and a part of the southwesternmost portion of the Indian Ocean and a very tiny part of the Atlantic. The edge of the eclipse included the area dividing the Indian and the Atlantic oceans. It showed about up to nearly 10% obscurity in Antarctica. The greatest eclipse was nearly about 30% of the way between Antarctica and the southernmost of Africa at 63.1 S, 56.6 E at 17:24 UTC (9:36 PM local time). The subsolar marking was in the Pacific Ocean hundreds of kilometers west of the Chilean-Peruvian border.
China microcensus	China microcensus (全国1%人口抽样调查) refers to an intercensal survey to measure the population, in between official censuses. It is conducted every year which ends in 5. In 2015, the survey began on November 1st at midnight. Data is broken down to at least the municipal level, and includes residency (hukou) and ethnicity.
FC Systema-Boreks Borodianka	FC Systema-Boreks Borodianka () was a Ukrainian football club of Bordianka excavation equipment factory () from Borodianka, Kiev Oblast.<ref name=footboomsbb>Valerko, A. The PFL legends: "Systema-Boreks" Borodianka, 2001-02 season (Легенди ПФЛ: "Система-Борекс" (Бородянка), сезон 2001/2002). Footboom. 6 April 2016</ref> The club was dissolved in 2003 and temporarily merged with FC Borysfen Boryspil. With the help of the Kiev Oblast Football Federation, its place was handed to another club FC Boyarka-2006. Borodianka and Boyarka clubs have no direct connection and conditionally assumed as related by the Football Federation of Ukraine. The Borodianka club itself has a long history of participation in the Ukrainian KFK competitions among "collectives of physical cultures" (so called amateur teams). The Borodianka team was sponsored by a local heavy equipment manufacturer Boreks (Borodianka) as well as the Ministry of Education sports club. History In 1992 the club originally was known as Hart Borodianka, based on the Central Sports Club "Hart" of Ministry of Education, competed at the Amateur level and were champions in the 3rd Zone of the Ukrainian KFK competition. The next season they entered the semi-professional Ukrainian Transitional League. In 1994 Ukrainian Transitional League was reorganized as the Third League and before the 1994-95 season the club renamed themselves to Systema-Boreks Borodianka for which they were better known while they competed in the professional leagues. With reasonable success the club spent two seasons in the Ukrainian First League. In 2003 the club was de facto dissolved and became a farm team of FC Borysfen Boryspil carrying the name of Boreks-Borysfen Borodianka. FC Osvita Before the 2004-05 season the club was reformed and replaced with Osvita Borodianka becoming a base professional team for the All-Ukrainian Football Association of Students (). In 2005 the club was struggling financially and eventually folded during the 2005–06 season. In 2006 it was replaced in championship with another club from Boyarka, Boyarka-2006. Honours Ukrainian Second League Winners (1): 2001-02 Runners-up (1): 2000-01 Ukrainian Football Amateur League (also as Ukrainian KFK competitions) Winners (1): 1992-93 Runners-up (1): 1983 Ukrainian Amateur Cup Winners (1): 1986 (as Mashynobudivnyk) League and cup history Soviet Union {\|class="wikitable" \|-bgcolor="#efefef" ! Season ! Div. ! Pos. ! Pl. ! W ! D ! L ! GS ! GA ! P !Domestic Cup !colspan=2\|Europe !Notes \|- \|align=center\|1985 \|align=center rowspan=7\|4th\|align=center colspan=12\|no participation \|- \|- \|align=center\|1986 \|align=center bgcolor=tan\|3 \|align=center\|16 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|33 \|align=center\|16 \|align=center\|20 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1987 \|align=center colspan=12\|no participation \|- \|align=center\|1988 \|align=center bgcolor=tan\|3 \|align=center\|22 \|align=center\|16 \|align=center\|1 \|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|52 \|align=center\|20 \|align=center\|33 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1989 \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|24 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|7 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|32 \|align=center\|32 \|align=center\|29 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1990 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|30 \|align=center\|9 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|15 \|align=center\|27 \|align=center\|45 \|align=center\|24 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1991 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|} Ukraine {\|class="wikitable" \|-bgcolor="#efefef" ! Season ! Div. ! Pos. ! Pl. ! W ! D ! L ! GS ! GA ! P !Domestic Cup !colspan=2\|Europe !Notes \|- \|align=center\|1992–93 \|align=center\|4th\|align=center bgcolor=gold\|1 \|align=center\|26 \|align=center\|19 \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|3 \|align=center\|58 \|align=center\|16 \|align=center\|42 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center bgcolor=green\|Promoted – as Hart Borodianka \|- \|align=center\|1993–94 \|align=center\|3rd (lower)\|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|18 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|52 \|align=center\|16 \|align=center\|47 \|align=center\|Did not enter \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1994–95 \|align=center\|3rd (lower)\|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|42 \|align=center\|23 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|13 \|align=center\|61 \|align=center\|31 \|align=center\|75 \|align=center\|1/16 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center bgcolor=green\|Promoted \|- \|align=center\|1995–96 \|align=center rowspan=5\|3rd "A"\|align=center\|9 \|align=center\|40 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|31 \|align=center\|63 \|align=center\|1/128 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1996–97 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|30 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|28 \|align=center\|31 \|align=center\|41 \|align=center\|1/64 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1997–98 \|align=center\|9 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|13 \|align=center\|9 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|23 \|align=center\|49 \|align=center\|1/128 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1998–99 \|align=center\|7 \|align=center\|28 \|align=center\|13 \|align=center\|7 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|22 \|align=center\|20 \|align=center\|46 \|align=center\|1/64 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|1999-00 \|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|30 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|7 \|align=center\|32 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center\|47 \|align=center\|1/8 finals Second League Cup \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|2000–01 \|align=center rowspan=2\|3rd "B"\|align=center bgcolor=silver\|2 \|align=center\|28 \|align=center\|18 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|2 \|align=center\|46 \|align=center\|15 \|align=center\|62 \|align=center\|1/8 finals Second League Cup \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|2001–02 \|align=center bgcolor=gold\|1 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|20 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|53 \|align=center\|23 \|align=center\|68 \|align=center\|1st Round \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center bgcolor=green\|Promoted \|- \|align=center\|2002–03 \|align=center rowspan=2\|2nd\|align=center\|15 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|9 \|align=center\|13 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|28 \|align=center\|28 \|align=center\|40 \|align=center\|1/32 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|align=center\|2003–04 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|21 \|align=center\|29 \|align=center\|52 \|align=center\|29 \|align=center\|1/32 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center bgcolor=red\|Renamed — Relegated \|- \|align=center\|2004–05 \|align=center rowspan=2\|3rd "A"\|align=center\|7 \|align=center\|28 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|10 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|22 \|align=center\|46 \|align=center\|1/32 finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\|as Osvita Borodianka \|- \|2005–06 \|colspan=12\|initially moved to Kiev, the club was replaced with Boyarka-2006 in mid-season \|} Managers FC Mashynobudivnyk Viktor Zhylin (1980–1981) Viktor Zhylin (1985–1986) FC Systema-Boreks Viktor Zhylin (1993 – Jun, 1995) Viktor Pobehayev (Jul, 1995 – Nov, 1996) Vadym Lazorenko (1996 – 1997) Viktor Zhylin (Jan, 1997 – Nov, 2002) FC Boreks-Borysfen Oleksandr Tomakh (Jan, 2003 – Nov, 2003) Stepan Matviyiv (Jan, 2004 – Jun, 2004) FC Osvita Pavlo Matviychenko (Jul, 2004 – Jun, 2005) Yuriy Moroz (Jul, 2005 – Nov, 2005)
Tommy Lapid	Yosef (Joseph) "Tommy" Lapid (, born as Tomislav Lampel (); 27 December 1931 – 1 June 2008) was a Serbian-born Israeli radio and television presenter, playwright, journalist, politician and government minister known for his sharp tongue and acerbic wit. Lapid headed the secular-liberal Shinui party from 1999 to 2006. He fiercely opposed the ultra-Orthodox political parties and actively sought to exclude any religious observance from the legal structure of the Israeli State. Biography Lapid was born in Novi Sad, Serbia (then- Kingdom of Yugoslavia), to a family of Hungarian Jewish descent. His family was seized by the Nazis and deported to the Budapest Ghetto. His father was deported to a concentration camp, where he was murdered. Lapid and his mother were rescued by Raoul Wallenberg in Budapest. They survived the war and moved to Israel in 1948 where he worked at the Hungarian language Israeli paper Uj Kelet with Rudolf Kasztner. After serving as a radio operator in the Israel Defense Forces between 1950 and 1953, Lapid graduated with a law degree from Tel Aviv University in 1957. He was married to Shulamit Lapid, an acclaimed novelist. They had three children. Their son, Yair Lapid, is the chairman of Yesh Atid party, which became the second biggest party in the 2013 Israeli elections, and was a columnist and television host. A daughter, Merav, is a clinical psychologist. Their oldest daughter, Michal, was killed in a car accident in 1984. Media career Lapid started out as a journalist for the Israeli Hungarian-language newspaper Új Kelet. Later, he was hired by the mainstream daily Maariv, where he became an influential publicist, and went on to become director-general of the Israel Broadcasting Authority and chairman of the Cable TV Union. He was also the founding editor of Israeli women's magazine At, as well as a successful playwright. In the 1990s Lapid was a regular guest on the political talk show Popolitika aired on Channel 1 which often turned into a shouting match; later on he moved to the Channel 2 talk show, Politika. Lapid was awarded the Sokolov Award, Israel's top award in journalism, in 1998, for his weekly radio show. Political career In the late 1990s, Lapid joined Avraham Poraz's Shinui party, which boosted the party's standing in the Israeli political scene. Lapid became party chairman and Shinui won six seats in the 1999 elections, with Lapid entering the Knesset for the first time. In the 2003 elections the party ran on a secularist platform and won 15 seats, making it the third largest in the Knesset after Likud and Labour. Shinui was invited to join the government of Ariel Sharon and Lapid was appointed Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Justice. It was suggested that Israel's pro-Serbian position in 1999, was a result of the Serbian population's history of saving Jews during the holocaust, personal memories of which were still present among older Israeli politicians serving in government at the time such as Lapid. Tension between Shinui and Likud grew when the ultra-Orthodox party Agudat Yisrael was brought into the coalition. Shinui could not implement many of its electoral promises, such as instituting civil marriage, and a dispute erupted over state aid to religious institutions. As a result, Shinui quit the coalition in December 2004. In late March 2005, Lapid voted in favor of the budget in exchange for minor concessions in order to keep the government from falling, which was liable to lead to early elections and impede the implementation of the disengagement plan. In Shinui's primary elections held shortly before the 2006 elections, Lapid retained the party leadership. However, his deputy Poraz lost second place on the list. In the ensuing crisis, Poraz and several other Shinui MKs left the party and founded Hetz. Lapid left Shinui two weeks after the vote and announced his support for Poraz's new party, but chose not to be involved in the new party's leadership, instead serving as a figurehead. In the elections, he was allocated the symbolic 120th place on the Hetz list, but the party failed to win a seat. Non-political activities On July 2006, Lapid was appointed Advisory Board Chairman of Yad Vashem, the Holocaust Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority, a role he called "a sacred duty". He appeared on Council of Wise Men, an Israeli television program on Israel 10 channel. He hosted his own radio program on Reshet Bet. He also was a chairman of the Israel Chess Society and served as an honorary member of the Raoul Wallenberg Foundation. Death Lapid was hospitalized at Ichilov Hospital in Tel Aviv in serious condition on 30 May 2008. He died on 1 June 2008, aged 76, after a battle with cancer. Other In March 2011, street Nova 30 in Veternik, a suburb of Novi Sad, was renamed to ulica Tomija Josefa Lapida (Serbian for “Joseph Tommy Lapid street”).
Stefan Trofan	Stefan Trofan (4 April 1962 – 1 September 2008) is a former British para table tennis player. In his childhood years, he was very interested in football and was a keen footballer, he was paralysed from the waist down aged 17 in a bike accident. He played alongside Neil Robinson and James Rawson in table tennis team events internationally. He coached Great Britain's Paralympic table tennis team for the 2008 Summer Paralympics. He died of oesophageal cancer on 21 August 2008 in Sheffield surrounded by family, days before the Summer Paralympics in Beijing, China.
Nella Larsen	Nellallitea "Nella" Larsen, born Nellie Walker (April 13, 1891 – March 30, 1964), was an American novelist of the Harlem Renaissance. Working as a nurse and a librarian, she published two novels, Quicksand (1928) and Passing (1929), and a few short stories. Though her literary output was scant, she earned recognition by her contemporaries. A revival of interest in her writing has occurred since the late 20th century, when issues of racial and sexual identity have been studied. Her works have been the subjects of numerous academic studies, and she is now widely lauded as "not only the premier novelist of the Harlem Renaissance, but also an important figure in American modernism." Early life Nella Larsen was born Nellie Walker in a poor district of south Chicago known as the Levee, on April 13, 1891, the daughter of Peter Walker, believed to be a mulatto Afro-Caribbean immigrant from the Danish West Indies, and Marie Walker, née Hansen, a Danish immigrant. Her mother was a seamstress and domestic worker. Her father was likely a mixed-race descendant on his paternal side of Henry or George Walker, white men from Albany, New York, who were known to have settled in the Danish West Indies about 1840. In that Danish colonial society, racial lines were more fluid than in the former slave states of the United States. Walker may never have identified as "Negro." He soon disappeared from the lives of Nella and her mother; she said he had died when she was very young. At this time, Chicago was filled with immigrants, but the Great Migration of blacks from the South had not begun. Near the end of Walker's childhood, the black population of the city was 1.3% in 1890 and 2% in 1910. Marie married again, to Peter Larsen, a fellow Danish immigrant. They had a daughter Anna together. Nellie took her stepfather's surname, sometimes using versions spelled Nellye Larson and Nellie Larsen, before settling finally on Nella Larsen. The mixed family moved west to a mostly white neighborhood of German and Scandinavian immigrants, but encountered discrimination because of Nella. When Nella was eight, they moved a few blocks back east. The American author and critic Darryl Pinckney wrote of her anomalous situation: as a member of a white immigrant family, she [Larsen] had no entrée into the world of the blues or of the black church. If she could never be white like her mother and sister, neither could she ever be black in quite the same way that Langston Hughes and his characters were black. Hers was a netherworld, unrecognizable historically and too painful to dredge up. Most American blacks were from the South, and Larsen had no connection with them or their histories. As a child, Larsen lived for a few years with relatives in Denmark, possibly in Jutland. While she was unusual in that place because of being of mixed race, she had some good memories of that time. After returning to Chicago, she attended a large public school. At the same time that the migration of Southern blacks increased to the city, so had European immigration. Racial segregation and tensions had increased in the immigrant neighborhoods, where both groups competed for jobs and housing. Her mother believed that education could give Larsen an opportunity and supported her in attending Fisk University, a historically black university in Nashville, Tennessee. A student there in 1907-08, for the first time Larsen was living within an African-American community, but she was still separated by her own background and life experiences from most of the students, who were primarily from the South, with most descended from former slaves. Biographer George B. Hutchinson found that Larsen was expelled for some violation of Fisk's strict dress or conduct codes for women. Larsen went to Denmark, where she lived for four years. After returning to the US, she continued to struggle to find a place where she could belong. Nursing career In 1914, Larsen enrolled in the nursing school at New York City's Lincoln Hospital and Nursing Home. The institution was founded in the 19th century in Manhattan as a nursing home to serve black people, but the hospital elements had grown in importance. The total operation had been relocated to a newly constructed campus in the South Bronx. At the time, the hospital patients were primarily white; the nursing home patients were primarily black; the doctors were white males; and the nurses and nursing students were black females. As Pinckney writes: "No matter what situation Larsen found herself in, racial irony of one kind or another invariably wrapped itself around her." Upon graduating in 1915, Larsen went South to work at the Tuskegee Institute in Tuskegee, Alabama, where she soon became head nurse at its hospital and training school. While at Tuskegee, she was introduced to Booker T. Washington's model of education and became disillusioned with it. As it was combined with poor working conditions for nurses at Tuskegee, Larsen decided to leave after a year or so. She returned to New York in 1916, where she worked for two years as a nurse at Lincoln Hospital. After earning the second-highest score on a civil service exam, Larsen was hired by the city Bureau of Public Health as a nurse. She worked for them in the Bronx through the 1918 flu pandemic, in "mostly white neighborhoods" and with white colleagues. Afterwards she continued with the city as a nurse. Marriage and family In 1919, Larsen married Elmer Imes, a prominent physicist; he was the second African American to earn a PhD in physics. After her marriage, she sometimes used the name Nella Larsen Imes in her writing. A year after her marriage, she published her first short stories. The couple moved to Harlem in the 1920s, where their marriage and life together had contradictions of class. As Pinckney writes: By virtue of her marriage, she was a member of Harlem's black professional class, many of them people of color with partially European ancestry. She and her husband knew the NAACP leadership: W.E.B. Du Bois, Walter White, James Weldon Johnson. However, because of her low birth and mixed parentage, and because she did not have a college degree, Larsen was alienated from the black middle class, whose members emphasized college and family ties, and black fraternities and sororities. Her mixed racial ancestry was not itself unusual in the black middle class. But many of these individuals, such as Langston Hughes, had more distant European ancestors. He and others formed an elite of mixed race or people of color, some of whom had ancestors who had been free people of color well before the American Civil War. This had given many families an advantage in establishing themselves and gaining educations in the North. In the 1920s, most African Americans in Harlem were exploring and emphasizing their black heritage. Imes's scientific studies and achievement placed him in a different class than Larsen. The Imes couple had difficulties by the late 1920s, when he had an affair. They divorced in 1933. Larsen was given a generous alimony in the divorce, which gave her the financial security she needed until Imes's death in 1941. But when the alimony ran out after that, Larsen needed to return to nursing. She took a break from writing literature at the time. Many literary scholars have viewed her decision to take time off as "An act of self-burial, or a "retreat" motivated by a lack of courage and dedication.". Critics have speculated and made interpretations as to why Larsen decided to return to nursing. What they overlooked is that during that time period, it was difficult for a woman of color to find a stable job that would also provide financial stability. For Larsen, nursing was a "labor market that welcomed an African American as a domestic servant". Nursing was something that came naturally to Larsen as it was "one respectable option for support during the process of learning about the work". During her work as a nurse, Larsen was noticed by Adah Thoms, an African-American nurse who co-founded the National Association of Colored Graduate Nurses. Thoms saw potential in Larsen's nursing career and helped strengthen Larsen's skills. Once Larsen graduated in 1915, Adah Thoms made arrangements for Larsen to work at Tuskegee Institute's John A. Andrew Memorial Hospital. Larsen draws from her medical background in Passing, to create the character of Brian, a doctor and husband of the main character. Larsen describes Brian as being ambivalent about his work in the medical field. Brian's character may also be partially modeled on Larsen's husband Elmer Imes, a physicist. After Imes divorced Larsen, he remarried, to a white woman. Librarian and literary career In 1921 Larsen worked nights and weekends as a volunteer with librarian Ernestine Rose, to help prepare for the first exhibit of "Negro art" at the New York Public Library (NYPL). Encouraged by Rose, she became the first black woman to graduate from the NYPL Library School. It was run by Columbia University and opened the way for integration of library staff. Larsen passed her certification exam in 1923. She worked her first year as a librarian at the Seward Park Branch on the Lower East Side, which was predominantly Jewish. There she had strong support from her white supervisor Alice Keats O'Connor, as she had from Rose. They, and another branch supervisor where she worked, supported Larsen and helped integrate the staff of the branches. Larsen transferred to the Harlem branch, as she was interested in the cultural excitement in the African-American neighborhood, a destination for migrants from across the country. In October 1925, Larsen took a sabbatical from her job for health reasons and began to write her first novel. In 1926, having made friends with important figures in the Negro Awakening (which became known as the Harlem Renaissance), Larsen gave up her work as a librarian. She became a writer active in Harlem's interracial literary and arts community, where she became friends with Carl Van Vechten, a white photographer and writer. In 1928, Larsen published Quicksand, a largely autobiographical novel. It received significant critical acclaim, if not great financial success. In 1929, she published Passing her second novel, which was also critically successful. It dealt with issues of two mixed-race African-American women who were childhood friends and had taken different paths of racial identification and marriage. One identified as black and married a black doctor; the other passed as white and married a white man, without revealing her African ancestry. The book explored their experiences of coming together again as adults. In 1930, Larsen published "Sanctuary", a short story for which she was accused of plagiarism. "Sanctuary" was said to resemble the British writer Sheila Kaye-Smith's short story, "Mrs. Adis", first published in the United Kingdom in 1919. Kaye-Smith wrote on rural themes, and was very popular in the US. Some critics thought the basic plot of "Sanctuary," and some of the descriptions and dialogue, were virtually identical to Kaye-Smith's work. The scholar H. Pearce has disputed this assessment, writing that, compared to Kaye-Smith's tale, "Sanctuary" is ' ... longer, better written and more explicitly political, specifically around issues of race - rather than class as in "Mrs Adis"." Pearce thinks that Larsen reworked and updated the tale into a modern American black context. Pearce also notes that in Kaye-Smith's 1956 book, All the Books of My Life, the author said she had based "Mrs Adis" on a 17th-century story by St Francis de Sales, Catholic bishop of Geneva. It is unknown whether she knew of the Larsen controversy in the United States. No plagiarism charges were proved. Larsen received a Guggenheim Fellowship in the aftermath of the controversy, worth roughly $2,500 at the time, and was the first African-American woman to do so. She used it to travel to Europe for several years, spending time in Mallorca and Paris, where she worked on a novel about a love triangle in which all the protagonists were white. She never published the book or any other works. Later life Larsen returned to New York in 1933, when her divorce had been completed. She lived on alimony until her ex-husband's death in 1941. Struggling with depression, Larsen stopped writing. After her ex-husband's death, Larsen returned to nursing and became an administrator. She disappeared from literary circles. She lived on the Lower East Side and did not venture to Harlem. Many of her old acquaintances speculated that she, like some of the characters in her fiction, had crossed the color line to "pass" into the white community. Biographer George Hutchinson has demonstrated in his 2006 work that she remained in New York, working as a nurse. Larsen died in her Brooklyn apartment in 1964, at the age of 72. Legacy In 2018 the New York Times published a belated obituary for her. Nella Larsen was an acclaimed novelist, who wrote stories in the midst on the Harlem Renaissance. Larsen is most known for her two novels, “Passing” and “Quicksand”, these two pieces of work got a lot of recognition with positive reviews. Many believed that Larsen was intended to be the new up and coming star African American novelist, until she soon after left Harlem, her fame, and writing behind. Larsen is often compared to other authors who also wrote about cultural and racial conflict such as Claude Mckay and Jean Toomer. Nella Larsen’s works are viewed as strong pieces that well represent mixed raced individuals, and the struggles with identity that some inevitably face. There have been some arguments that Larsen’s work did not well represent the “New Negro” movement because of the main characters in her novels being confused and struggling with their race. However, others argue that her work was a raw and important representation of how life was life for many people, especially females, during the Harlem Renaissance. Larsen’s novel Passing is being made into a film. Works 1928: Quicksand Helga Crane is a fictional character loosely based on Larsen's experiences in her early life. Crane is the lovely and refined mixed-race daughter of a Danish white mother and a West Indian black father. Her father died soon after she was born. Unable to feel comfortable with her maternal European-American relatives, Crane lives in various places in the United States and visits Denmark, searching for people among whom she feels at home. Nella Larsen's early life is similar to Helga in that she; was distant from the African-American community as well as, her African-American family members. Larsen and Helga, did not have a father figure. Both of their mother's decided to marry a white man, in hopes of having a higher social status. Larsen wanted to learn more about her background so she continued to go to school during the Harlem Renaissance. Even though Larsen's early life parallels Helga's, the end the life choices they decide to make end up being very different. Nella Larsen pursued a career in nursing while Helga married a preacher and stayed in a very unhappy marriage. In her travels she encounters many of the communities which Larsen knew. For example, Crane teaches at Naxos, a Southern Negro boarding school (based on Tuskegee University), where she becomes dissatisfied with its philosophy. She criticizes a sermon by a white preacher, who advocates the segregation of blacks into separate schools and says their striving for social equality would lead blacks to become avaricious. Crane quits teaching and moves to Chicago. Her white maternal uncle, now married to a bigoted woman, shuns her. Crane moves to Harlem, New York, where she finds a refined but often hypocritical black middle class obsessed with the "race problem." Taking her uncle's legacy, Crane visits her maternal aunt in Copenhagen. There she is treated as an attractive racial exotic. Missing black people, she returns to New York City. Close to a mental breakdown, Crane happens onto a store-front revival and has a charismatic religious experience. After marrying the preacher who converted her, she moves with him to the rural Deep South. There she is disillusioned by the people's adherence to religion. In each of her moves, Crane fails to find fulfillment. She is looking for more than how to integrate her mixed ancestry. She expresses complex feelings about what she and her friends consider genetic differences between races. The novel develops Crane's search for a marriage partner. As it opens, she has become engaged to marry a prominent Southern Negro man, whom she does not really love, but with whom she can gain social benefits. In Denmark she turns down the proposal of a famous white Danish artist for similar reasons, for lack of feeling. By the final chapters, Crane has married a black Southern preacher. The novel's close is deeply pessimistic. Crane had hoped to find sexual fulfilment in marriage and some success in helping the poor southern blacks she lives among, but instead she has frequent pregnancies and suffering. Disillusioned with religion, her husband, and her life, Crane fantasizes about leaving her husband, but never does. The critics were impressed with the novel. They appreciated her more indirect take on important topics such as race, class, sexuality, and other issues important to the African-American community rather than the explicit or obvious take of other Harlem Renaissance writers. 1929: Passing Larsen's novel Passing begins with Irene receiving a mysterious letter from her childhood friend Clare, following their encounter at the Drayton Hotel, after twelve years with no communication. Irene and Clare lost contact with each other after the death of Clare's father Bob Kendry, when Clare was sent to live with her white aunts. Both Irene and Clare are of mixed African-European ancestry, with features that enable them to pass racially as "white" if they choose. Clare chose to pass into white society and married John Bellew, a white man described as a racist. Unlike Clare, Irene passes as white only on occasion, for her convenience in negotiating some segregated spaces. Irene identifies as a black woman, and married an African-American doctor named Brian; together they have two sons. After Irene and Clare reconnect, they become fascinated with the differences in their lives. One day Irene meets with Clare and Gertrude, another of their childhood African-American friends; during that meeting Mr. Bellew meets Irene and Gertrude. Bellew greets his wife with a racial comment as if he did not know she was half black. Irene becomes furious that Clare did not tell her husband about her full ancestry. Irene believes Clare has put herself in a dangerous situation by lying to a person who hates blacks. After meeting Clare's husband, Irene does not want anything more to do with Clare but still keeps in touch with her. Clare begins to join Irene and Brian for their events in Harlem, New York while her husband is traveling out of town. Because Irene has some jealousy of Clare, she begins to suspect her friend is having an affair with her husband Brian. The novel ends with John Bellew learning that Clare is mixed race. At a party in Harlem, she falls out of a window from a high floor of a multi-story building, to her death, under ambiguous circumstances. Larsen ends the novel without revealing if Clare committed suicide, if Irene pushed her, or if it was an accident. Some critics described this novel as an example of the genre of the tragic mulatto, a common figure in early African-American literature after the American Civil War. In such works, it is usually a woman of mixed race who is portrayed as tragic, as she has difficulty marrying and finding a place to fit into society. Others suggest that this novel complicates that plot by playing with the duality of the figures of Irene and Clare, who are of similar mixed-race background but have taken different paths in life. The novel also suggests attraction between them and erotic undertones in the two women's relationship. Irene's husband is also portrayed as potentially bisexual, as if the characters are passing in their sexual as well as social identities. Some read the novel as one of repression. Others argue that through its attention to the way "passing" unhinges ideas of race, class, and gender, the novel opens spaces for the creation of new, self-generated identities. Since the late 20th century, Passing has received renewed attention from scholars because of its close examination of racial and sexual ambiguities and liminal spaces. It has achieved canonical status in many American universities. Bibliography Books Quicksand (1928) Passing (1929) Short stories "Freedom" (1926) "The Wrong Man" (1926) "Playtime: Three Scandinavian Games," The Brownies' Book, 1 (June 1920): 191–192. "Playtime: Danish Fun," The Brownies' Book, 1 (July 1920): 219. "Correspondence," Opportunity, 4 (September 1926): 295. "Review of Black Spade," Opportunity, 7 (January 1929): 24. "Sanctuary," Forum, 83 (January 1930): 15–18. "The Author's Explanation", Forum, Supplement 4, 83 (April 1930): 41–42. Notes
Chiquilla	"Chiquilla" is a song by A.B. Quintanilla Y Los Kumbia All Starz. It is the first single from their debut studio album Ayer Fue Kumbia Kings, Hoy Es Kumbia All Starz. "Chiquilla" reached #7 on "Hot Latin Tracks", #9 on "Latin Regional Mexican Airplay", #26 on "Latin Pop Airplay" and #31 on "Latin Tropical Airplay". Track listing Digital download "Chiquilla" – 3:20 Versions "Chiquilla (Single Version)" – 3:20 "Chiquilla (Album Version)" – 3:30 "Chiquilla (Salsa Version)" – 3:59 "Chiquilla (Bachata Version)" – 3:08 "Chiquilla (Portuguese Version)" – 3:22 Charts
Charles Hepburn Johnston	Sir Charles Hepburn Johnston (11 March 191223 April 1986) was a senior British diplomat and translator of Russian poetry. Biography He was born in London, the son of Ernest Johnston and Emma Hepburn, on 11 March 1912. He was educated at Winchester College, and Balliol College, Oxford, joining the Diplomatic Service in 1936. He was appointed Third Secretary in Tokyo 1939–1941; First Secretary in Cairo 1945–1948; and Madrid 1948–1955; Head of the China and Korea Department 1952–1954; and Counsellor in Bonn 1954–1955. His first senior appointment was as Ambassador to Jordan 1956–1959. He then became Governor and Commander-in-Chief of Aden and High Commissioner for the Protectorate of South Arabia 1959–1963. His final posting was as High Commissioner to Australia 1965–1971. On retirement, he became a company director and published several volumes of prose and poetry. He also translated Alexander Pushkin's novel in verse Eugene Onegin from the Russian, preserving its unusual Onegin stanza form. The translation was published in 1977. Honours Within the Order of St Michael and St George he was successively appointed Commander (CMG; 1 June 1953), Knight Commander (KCMG; 1 January 1959) and Knight Grand Cross (GCMG; 1 January 1971). He was named a Knight of the Venerable Order of St John (KStJ) on 16 November 1960. Family On 22 April 1944 he married Princess Natasha Bagration, a member of the Georgian royal Bagrationi dynasty, and great-great-granddaughter of Tsar Nicholas I of Russia. Her mother was Princess Tatiana Constantinovna of Russia. Sir Charles Johnston died in London on 23 April 1986.
1995 World Championships in Athletics – Women's 800 metres	These are the results of the Women's 800 metres event at the 1995 World Championships in Athletics in Gothenburg, Sweden. Medalists Results Heats First 2 of each heat (Q) and the next 6 fastest (q) qualified for the semifinals. Semifinals First 4 of each heat (Q) qualified directly for the final. Final
Cyprus national rugby sevens team	The Cyprus national rugby sevens team competes in the FIRA-AER European sevens. They have only played for 2 seasons. In their first season of the 2008 competition they managed to compete with the First and Third Tier sevens teams by defeating Georgia 7-5 and drawing 7-7 with Italy. Their second season saw them finish 12th out of 30 teams, just 2 places off qualifying for the final tournament held in Germany. In just their third year of sevens rugby, Cyprus hosted the final stage of the FIRA-AER European Sevens, this was held in Paphos on 12 and 13 June 2010. FIRA-AER European Sevens 2008-09 Squad 10-man squad: 2010 Squad 12-man squad: Bucharest and Paphos Sevens Coaches Mark Walboyoff (Head Coach) Paul Shanks (Assistant Coach) Carlton Douglas
Rincon High School	Rincon High School is a public high school in Tucson, Arizona. The school serves about 1,100 students in grades 9 to 12 in the Tucson Unified School District (TUSD). Since 1985, the campus has been shared with University High School, a separate accelerated institution. Courses from each school can be combined, and athletics and fine arts are combined under the Rincon/University name. The two schools do field separate teams for academic competitive events. Notable alumni Ron Barber, U.S. Representative for Arizona (since 2012) Jason Jacome, Former MLB player (New York Mets, Kansas City Royals, Cleveland Indians) Jimmy Johnson, former minor league infielder and manager Paul Moskau, Former MLB player (Cincinnati Reds, Pittsburgh Pirates, Chicago Cubs) Tom Pagnozzi, Former MLB player (St. Louis Cardinals) Nora Slawik, Minnesota politician Janet Varney, actress Kate Walsh, actress Chad Griggs, professional mixed martial arts fighter
2008 World Outdoor Bowls Championship	The 2008 World Outdoor Bowls Championship was held at the Burnside Bowling Club in Christchurch, New Zealand, from 12–24 January 2008. Safuan Said won the men's singles Gold. New Zealand won the pairs, fours and Leonard Trophy with only Scotland preventing a clean sweep by claiming the triples. Medallists Results W.M.Leonard Trophy Taylor Trophy
Kristine Bell	Kristine Bell from Metron, Inc. of Reston, Virginia, is an electronics engineer. She was named Fellow of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) in 2015 for her contributions to statistical signal processing with radar and sonar applications.
Brickellia adenolepis	Brickellia adenolepis is a Mexican species of flowering plants in the daisy family. It is native to west-central Mexico in the States of Zacatecas, Jalisco, and Aguascalientes.
Gita Dey	Gita Dey (5 August 1931 – 17 January 2011) was an Indian actress in Bengali cinema, theatre and Bengali folk theater. She became a stage artist at the age of 6 years. She came to the film industry in 1943. Her first film release was Ahuti (1941) as a child actress. She acted in over two hundred Bengali language films and over two thousand stage shows. She acted in the movie Teen Kanya under the direction of Satyajit Roy and Rittik Ghatak's Meghe Dhaka Tara, Subarnarekha, Komal Gandhar, Kato Ajanare. She also acted in Hindi movies such as Parineeta (2005) with Vidya Balan and Sanjay Dutt and other movies. She was associated with All India Radio for a long time doing Shruti Natok. She received the Presidential Award for Lifetime Achievement from Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam and many other awards during her lifetime. Early life She started as an actress in the Bengali film industry based in Kolkata's Tollygunge since 1938. Her first role was as a child artiste when she was six years old in Ahutee directed by Dhiren Ganguly. Later career She has been associated with All India Radio since 1954, and enacted character roles in radio plays. However, her last play was Badsahi Chaal (1996), which was directed by Ganesh Mukherjee, and was staged at the Rangana theatre in north Kolkata. She acted diverse roles in a wide variety of films, and is known for her versatile outlook in her many roles. Her acting even caught the attention of the legendary Laurence Olivier. Proficient in both negative and comic roles, Dey was brilliant in the role of torn and scheming mother in Ritwik Ghatak's Meghe Dhaka Tara. Throughout her long career, she worked with directors like Sisir Bhaduri, Ritwik Ghatak, Debaki Bose and Satyajit Ray. She also acted in a Bollywood musical based on Sarat Chandra Chattopadhyay's Parineeta, starring Saif Ali Khan and Vidya Balan. Though ailing, she went on acting and won applause in recent films like Tolly Lights and Chirodini Tumi Je Amar. Dey died on 17 January 2011 in Kolkata, aged 79. Selected filmography Meghe Dhaka Tara (1960) Teen Kanya (1961) Dampati Indrani (film) (1958) Nauka Dubi Malyadan(1971) Abhaya o Srikanta Komol Gandher (1961) Abhaya o Srikanta Dainee (1961) Kathin Maya (1961) Kanchanmulya (1961) Sathi Hara (1961) Kancher Swarga (1962) Shubba Drishti (1962) Bandhan (1962) Saat Paake Bandha (1963) Dui Bari (1963) Chhaya Surya (1963) Nishipadma Sesh Porjonto (1969) Bagh Bondi Khela (1975) Datta (film) (1976) Surya Sakhi (1981) Dui Bhai Ahoban Barnochora Pita Putro Mouchak Hirer Shikal (1988) Mahaprithibi (1991) Tolly Lights Chirodini Tumi Je Amar Kathavasheshan (Malayalam) Parineeta Awards For her lifetime contributions to Bengali cinema, in 1998 she received a star medal from the University of Calcutta from the then Governor of West Bengal Saiyid Nurul Hasan. She also got the presidential award for lifetime contribution to Bengali cinema and theater.
Humane Farm Animal Care	Humane Farm Animal Care was established to promote and administer its certification and labeling program, Certified Humane Raised & Handled, for meat, dairy, eggs and poultry raised under its animal care standards in the USA. It is a non-profit organization governed by a Board of Directors and retains a Scientific Committee which includes scientists and veterinarians. The organization is endorsed by the American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals. History Both the organization and the Certified Humane Raised & Handled program were founded in 2003, by Adele Douglass. In the late 1990s, Douglass had traveled to England to study "Freedom Food", a single brand of farm products which claimed to derive from "humanely raised" animals. Mission Humane Farm Animal Care's mission is "improving the lives of farm animals in food production from birth through slaughter." "Certified Humane Raised and Handled" program The certification program requires the inspection of aspects of production, including raising of live animals, slaughter and the processing/packaging of animal products, to ensure the authenticity of the Certified Humane Raised & Handled label. It publishes an annual Policy Manual which describes its certification program requirements and specifications. The program has obtained International Organization for Standardization, ISO Guide 65 certification and is the only humane organization in the US to have received this designation.
Nana Gecaga	Nana Gecaga (born 1978), is a Kenyan businesswoman and corporate executive, who serves as the CEO of the Kenyatta International Convention Centre, a building owned by the government of Kenya, which hosts conferences, concerts and exhibitions. Background and education She was born in Kenya in March 1978 to Jeni Wambui, a daughter to Jomo Kenyatta, the first president of Kenya (1964–1978), and Udi Gecaga, son of Jemimah Gecaga. Nana is a niece to Uhuru Kenyatta, the current president of Kenya (2013–present). She holds a Bachelor's Degree in Marketing obtained from the American InterContinental University in London, United Kingdom. The London campus of American InterContinental University was founded in 1978 and re-branded to Regent's University London in 2013. Career Gecaga works primarily in international marketing and tourism. She is credited with being partly responsible for Kenya's successful bid to host the 2009 MTV Africa Music Awards. She has previously worked as the Head of Marketing at KICC. Following that, she was employed as Marketing and Special Programmes Advisor to the Cabinet Secretary, Kenya Ministry of Tourism. Effective 1 April 2016, Najib Balala, the Tourism Cabinet Secretary appointed Nana Gecaga as the acting Managing Director of the Kenyatta International Convention Centre (KICC), pending the selection of a substantive CEO. Other considerations Nana Gecaga is a single mother of three children. In July 2018, she was elected deputy chairperson of the African chapter of the International Congress and Convention Association (ICCA). She is a recovering alcoholic, who has been sober since 1999.
Bing Concert Hall	Bing Concert Hall is a performing arts facility at Stanford University that opened in January 2013. The heart of the building is the oval-shaped concert hall, which has 842 seats arranged in a vineyard style surrounding the stage in terraces. All the seats are within 75 feet of the conductor, and the seats in the center section begin at the stage level. On the north side of the central concert hall is the smaller Bing Studio, which can be configured to accommodate a variety of performance types, e.g., cabaret, club, and theater. The hall is named after Peter and Helen Bing, notable donors to Stanford who donated the lead gift of $50 million towards its construction Eventual construction cost was $111.9 million. Bing Concert Hall was designed by Richard Olcott of Ennead Architects, with the acoustics done by Yasuhisa Toyota of Nagata Acoustics, who also worked on Walt Disney Concert Hall in Los Angeles, California and New World Symphony in Miami Beach, Florida.
Sullia taluk	Sullia taluk is a taluk of the Dakshina Kannada district of the Indian state of Karnataka. The headquarters is the town of Sullia. In 2012, the government of Karnataka has planned to setup a rubber factory in Sullia taluk.
Ahmed Gamal (footballer)	Ahmed Gamal (; born January 3, 1994) is an Egyptian professional footballer who currently plays as a defensive midfielder for the Egyptian club Smouha SC.
Toru Kumon	was a Japanese mathematics educator, born in Kōchi Prefecture, Japan. He graduated from the College of Science at Osaka University with a degree in mathematics and taught high school mathematics in his home town of Osaka. In 1954, his son, Takeshi, performed poorly in a Year 2 mathematics test. Prompted by his wife, Teiko, Toru closely examined Takeshi's textbooks and believed they lacked the proper opportunity for a child to practice and master a topic. As a result, he began to handwrite worksheets each day for his son. By the time Takeshi was in Year 6, he was able to solve differential and integral calculus usually seen in the final years of high school. This was the beginning of the Kumon Method of Learning. As a result of Takeshi's progress, other parents became interested in Kumon's ideas, and in 1956, the first Kumon Center was opened in Osaka, Japan. In 1958, Toru Kumon founded the Kumon Institute of Education, which set the standards for the Kumon Centers that began to open around the world. The Kumon Programs are designed to strengthen a student's fundamental maths and language skills by studying worksheets tailored to a student's ability. The method also aims for students to learn independently and to study advanced material beyond their school grade level. Students progress once they demonstrate mastery of a topic. Kumon defined mastery as being able to achieve an excellent score on the material in a given time. Kumon strongly emphasised the concepts of time and accuracy. Even in his later years, Toru Kumon gave lectures on his method of learning including the importance of having students learn material that is suited to their ability and not their age and the benefits of allowing students to learn material well ahead of their grade level. Toru Kumon died in Osaka on July 25, 1995 at the age of 81 from pneumonia. There is a Toru Kumon museum in Osaka, Japan and a Kumon Foundation Day celebrated on October 20 each year. Asteroid 3569 Kumon is named after him.
Tetsundo Iwakuni	is a prominent Japanese politician who, until 2009, represented Democratic Party of Japan, as a member of the House of Representatives in the Diet (national legislature). He was born in Osaka and graduated from the University of Tokyo. He worked at Nikko Securities from 1959 to 1977, heading its offices in London, Paris and Beirut, and then at Morgan Stanley from 1977 to 1984. In 1984 he became the CEO of Merrill Lynch Japan, and in 1987 was promoted to a senior executive position at Merrill Lynch Capital Markets in the US. In 1989, Iwakuni left Merrill Lynch to become mayor of Izumo, Shimane. After running unsuccessfully for the governorship of Tokyo in 1995, he was elected to the House of Representatives for the first time in 1996. He served as the Director-General of the International Department of the Democratic Party of Japan until 2009, when he decided to step down from politics. He has also served as vice president of the DPJ. Iwakuni now serves as Senior Adviser to GR Japan, a government relations consultancy, and teaches at several universities in Japan, Korea, and the U.S. In 2010 he was appointed as a policy advisor to the Liberal Democratic Party.
Royal Project Foundation	The Royal Project Foundation is a Thai non-profit organisation based in north Thailand. It was founded by King Bhumibol Adulyadej as an umbrella organization for his charitable initiatives and research. The focus of the foundation is to improve the quality of life of hill tribes. Ancillary goals are to reduce opium-growing and to revive forests and water resources. The Royal Project Foundation is considered one of the first and most successful projects for opium production elimination. It was awarded The Ramon Magsaysay Award for International Understanding in 1988. History The project began in 1969, when King Bhumibol Adulyadej visited an opium-growing hill tribe village in Doi Pui. During his visit, the king learned that a local peach could provide income for the hill tribe people. He found that the Doi Put Development Centre, Faculty of Agriculture, Kasetsart University, was testing and developing a suitable type of peach for the environment. It could provide higher incomes to the local people than opium-growing. He instructed the Crown Property Bureau to give 200,000 baht to the project. After the first few years, the project received support from international agencies. In 1972, the UN realised the importance of alternative agriculture to replace opium-growing. The UN/Thai Program for Drug Abuse Control was begun. Between 1973 and 1984, USDA-ARS also supported the project by giving money to the project for research and development to find the best and most suitable fruits and vegetables for the highlands. In 1992, the royal project changed its name to the Royal Project Foundation and became a public organisation for the people's benefit permanently. Purpose The goals of the Royal Project Foundation are: To help hill tribes achieve a better life To prevent the destruction of natural resources To stop opium growing To care for make best use of the soil in each area To increase the amount of alternative agriculture for the benefit of Thailand's economy Development centres Today, the Royal Project Foundation has 38 development centres spread across five provinces in northern Thailand: Chiang Mai Province, Chiang Rai Province, Mae Hong Son Province, Lamphun Provinceand Phayao Province. The development centres are not only for researching and developing projects for the foundation, but some have become tourist destinations. In Chiang Mai, there are 27 development centres which include three Royal Agriculture Stations: Doi Ang Khang, Doi Inthanon, and Pangda; one research station, Mae-Lod; and 23 development centres: Ka Noi, Khun Phae, Khun Wang, Teen Tok, Tung Rao, Tung Roeng, Tung Luang, Nong Khieo, Nong Hoi, Pa Mieng, Pang Ung, Mon Ngo, Mok Cham, Mae Tho, Mae The Nuier, Mae Phae, Mae Sa Pok, Mae Sa Mai, Mae Hae, Wat Chan, Haui Luk, Haui Siao, and Huai Som Poi. In Chiang Rai, There are three development centres: Pha Tung, Mae Poon Luang, and Sa Ngo. In Mae Hong Son, there are six centres: Mae La Noi, Mae Sariang, Huai Nam Khun, Huai Nam Rin, Huai Pong, and Huai Lang. In Lamphun, there is one development centre, Pha Bath Huay Tom. In Phayao, there is one development centre, Pang Cha. Projects Projects are changing, developing and adapting to the issues that need to be solved and improved in various communities and regions of Thailand. All the projects are made to achieve the main purposes that the Royal Project Foundation has and to improve the quality of life of communities. Currently, 4,741 projects are part of the royal initiative. The Marketing Project is research on the cost and profitability of the Royal Project's fruits and vegetables. This project also studies the customer behaviour in choosing and buying the products. This is to come up with the best marketing plan for selling the project's produce. The environmental conservation project researches the highland environment, forests, water, and soil, to optimize sustainable yields. The Royal Project Culinary Although the Royal Project Foundations were founded to solve problems of deforestation, opium and poverty, many have since become tourist attractions in Thailand. There are a diverse range of things for tourists to do, including: learning how to make a unique local dish, releasing fish into the seas, feeding cattle or teaching the village children before spending a night in the house of a local family. In end 2016, the Tourism Authority of Thailand held an "Amazing Dream Journey" contest, where winners had the chance to have a free trip to Thailand and sample dishes by a Thai celebrity chef (Chumpol Jangprai), using Royal Project food products. At the "KHAO" restaurant at Chiang Mai's Four Seasons hotel resort, chefs sources certain ingredients exclusively from farmers who work with the Royal Project, with a focus on preserving local knowledge on agriculture and helping communities become self-sufficient. Royal Project winter fruit also featured at the ASEAN Tourism Forum held in Chiang Mai in January 2018.
François Pitti-Ferrandi (1838-1894)	François-Marie Pitti-Ferrandi (22 February 1838 – 9 March 1894) was a French doctor and politician who was briefly Senator for Corsica. Early years François Pitti-Ferrandi was born on 22 February 1838 in Pietra-di-Verde, Corsica. He attended the lycée of Bastia for his secondary education. He studied medicine at the Faculty of Paris, then returned to Bastia to practice his profession at the lycée. Politics Pitti-Ferrandi's family had been involved in politics, and he became a municipal councillor in Bastia. He then represented the canton of Corte, where he had been born, in the general council of Corsica, where he replaced one of his brothers. In 1885 another of his brothers took his seat in the general council, while he became general councilor for his wife's canton of Muro. In 1889 he ran unsuccessfully for election to the senate to replace Patrice de Corsi, who had died. In 1892 he again ran unsuccessfully to replace François Morelli, who had died. Pitti-Ferrandi was elected senator for Corsica on 7 January 1894. He won 415 out of 747 votes, and sat with the republican left. He died unexpectedly on 9 March 1894 at a party at the home of his friend Sébastien Gavini(fr), a deputy for Corsica. Notes Sources
1993 NBA Finals	The 1993 NBA Finals was the championship round of the 1992–93 NBA season, and the conclusion of the season's playoffs. It featured the Eastern Conference playoff champion Chicago Bulls, led by Michael Jordan, and the Western Conference playoff champion Phoenix Suns, winners of 62 games and led by regular season MVP Charles Barkley. The Bulls became the first team since the legendary Boston Celtics of the 1960s to win three consecutive championship titles, clinching the "three-peat" with John Paxson's game-winning 3-pointer that gave them a 99–98 victory in Game 6. Remarkably, the away team won every game except for Chicago's win at home in Game 4. Background Chicago Bulls With two consecutive NBA championships, the Bulls aimed at an elusive 'three-peat'. No team had won a third consecutive NBA title since the Boston Celtics achieved a run of eight titles in a row from 1959 to 1966. In the offseason, Michael Jordan and Scottie Pippen played for the Dream Team at the 1992 Barcelona Olympics, winning the gold medal. They entered the new season with little rest, but it did not stop both Jordan and Pippen from leading the Bulls to a 57–25 record, good for second in the Eastern Conference. Chicago began its push for a 'three-peat' with back-to-back sweeps of the Atlanta Hawks and Cleveland Cavaliers. But against the top-seeded New York Knicks, the Bulls fell behind 2–0, before winning the next two games in Chicago, tying the series. In a crucial Game 5 at Madison Square Garden, the Bulls stole a rare road victory, aided by an array of blocks on Charles Smith in the final seconds, before wrapping up the series in Game 6 at Chicago Stadium. Phoenix Suns The Suns were a team on the rise, led by their All-Star point guard Kevin Johnson. Johnson arrived via trade in 1988, and propelled the Suns to two consecutive trips to the conference finals in his first two full seasons. In the 1992 offseason, the Suns made a blockbuster trade, acquiring Charles Barkley from the Philadelphia 76ers in exchange for Jeff Hornacek, Tim Perry and Andrew Lang. They also hired Paul Westphal as head coach, unveiled new logos and uniforms, and moved to the brand new America West Arena from the Arizona Veterans Memorial Coliseum. The Suns made the most of these moves, winning a franchise record 62 games. Barkley's efforts won him the MVP award. In the first round of the Western Conference playoffs, the Suns eliminated the Los Angeles Lakers in five games. In the second round the Suns defeated the San Antonio Spurs in six games, and were again pushed to a decisive game seven by the Seattle SuperSonics before ultimately winning the conference finals. For the Suns, it was their first NBA finals appearance since 1976 and second overall. Road to the Finals Regular season series Both teams split the two meetings, each won by the road team: Team rosters Chicago Bulls Phoenix Suns Series summary Game 1 Phoenix displayed an introduction animation in the vein of Chicago's well-known intro animation, set to the same song, before the game, which was remarked upon by the commentators. Before the game a moment of silence was observed in memory of New Jersey Nets guard Dražen Petrović, who had been killed in a car accident two days earlier. Game 2 Both teams were locked in battle throughout the first half until Chicago took over in the 2nd quarter, shooting with a higher shooting percentage. In the second half, the Suns began to pressure the Bulls, but late in the 4th quarter with time running out, it came down to a battle of determination. Scottie Pippen blocked Danny Ainge's 3-point attempt to seal the win and Phoenix became the first team to lose their home-court advantage twice in the first two games of the NBA Finals. Game 3 The Phoenix Suns won Game 3 in triple overtime, 129–121. Suns Head Coach Paul Westphal became the only person to appear in two triple-overtime finals games: the first was the classic 1976 Game 5 contest against Boston as a player. His Suns also became the only team to appear in two triple-overtime finals games, the first of which they lost 126–128. Westphal made a surprising move that paid off, helping to get Kevin Johnson back on track after Johnson had two terrible performances in Games 1 and 2, by having him guard Michael Jordan. KJ played much better all-around basketball for the rest of the Finals. Suns: Kevin Johnson 25, Dan Majerle 28, Charles Barkley 24, Mark West 11, Richard Dumas 17, Danny Ainge 10, Tom Chambers 12, Oliver Miller 2, Frank Johnson 0, Jerrod Mustaf 0 Bulls: B.J. Armstrong 21, Michael Jordan 44, Scottie Pippen 26, Horace Grant 13, Bill Cartwright 8, Scott Williams 4, Trent Tucker 3, Stacey King 0, John Paxson 2, Darrell Walker 0 Game 4 In Game 4, Michael Jordan was unstoppable, scoring 55 points at Chicago Stadium and making a tough driving layup late in the game while getting fouled. The Bulls won 111–105. Scott Williams, who like MJ played his college basketball at UNC for Dean Smith, joked afterwards about "being proud that the two former Tar Heels combined for 57 points." Suns: Charles Barkley 32, Dan Majerle 14, Kevin Johnson 19, Richard Dumas 17, Mark West 8, Tom Chambers 7, Danny Ainge 2, Oliver Miller 2, Frank Johnson 4 Bulls: Michael Jordan 55, Scottie Pippen 14, Horace Grant 17, B.J. Armstrong 11, Bill Cartwright 3, John Paxson 6, Scott Williams 2, Stacey King 3, Rodney McCray 0, Darrell Walker 0, Trent Tucker 0 Game 5 Before Game 5, Charles Barkley told the press he had announced to his teammates that they needed to win to "Save the City", a reference to the riots anticipated in Chicago if the Bulls won the championship at home. Both Paul Westphal and Kevin Johnson later expressed amusement about Barkley taking credit for the line because Westphal had made a tongue-in-cheek comment to that effect in a pregame meeting. The Suns won 108–98 and headed home for Game 6 down 3–2. Suns: Dan Majerle 11, Charles Barkley 24, Kevin Johnson 25, Mark West 5, Richard Dumas 25, Danny Ainge 8, Oliver Miller 8, Frank Johnson 2, Tom Chambers 0, Jerrod Mustaf 0 Bulls: Michael Jordan 41, Scottie Pippen 22, Horace Grant 1, B.J. Armstrong 7, Bill Cartwright 2, John Paxson 12, Scott Williams 4, Stacey King 4, Will Perdue 0, Trent Tucker 5, Darrell Walker 0 Game 6 The Bulls got off to a good start in Game 6 but struggled in the fourth quarter, squandering a double-digit lead to trail 98–94. Michael Jordan made a layup to cut the lead to 2 points, and Dan Majerle's 30-foot three-pointer fell short on the Suns' next possession. Trailing 98–96 and playing a Game 7 on the road if they lost that day, Chicago ran a play that Phil Jackson called "Blind Pig" that had them increasing the play's "thrust" by bringing the ball from 3/4 back of the basket. Although Westphal's sole instruction on the play was for none of the players to double-team any of the Bulls (even Michael Jordan), Danny Ainge left John Paxson to try and either steal the ball or foul Horace Grant, who had missed all five of his shot attempts in the game and wasn't a good crunch-time free throw shooter. Grant saw Paxson alone 25 feet from the basket and fired a perfect pass, and Paxson then made a three pointer with 3.9 seconds left, giving the Bulls a 99–98 lead. Paxson's three-point field goal was the only score by any Bulls player other than Michael Jordan in the entire fourth quarter. The victory was secured by a last-second block from Grant on Kevin Johnson, thanks to Paxson's game-winning 3-point field goal. Bulls: Michael Jordan 33, Scottie Pippen 23, B.J. Armstrong 18, Horace Grant 1, Bill Cartwright 2, John Paxson 8, Scott Williams 5, Trent Tucker 9, Stacey King 0 Suns: Dan Majerle 21, Kevin Johnson 19, Charles Barkley 21, Richard Dumas 8, Mark West 4, Tom Chambers 12, Danny Ainge 9, Oliver Miller 4, Frank Johnson 0 Michael Jordan, who averaged a Finals-record 41.0 PPG during the six-game series, became the first player in NBA history to win three straight Bill Russell NBA Finals Most Valuable Player Awards. He joined Magic Johnson as the only other player to win the award three times. The NBA started awarding the Finals MVP in 1969. Player statistics Chicago Bulls \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 41.8 \|\| .508 \|\| .526 \|\| 1.000 \|\| 1.8 \|\| 5.0 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 13.5 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 21.3 \|\| .400 \|\| .000 \|\| .500 \|\| 3.2 \|\| 1.7 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 4.3 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 38.8 \|\| .528 \|\| .000 \|\| .579 \|\| 10.3 \|\| 2.3 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 11.2 \|-! style="background:#FDE910;" \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 45.7 \|\| .508 \|\| .400 \|\| .694 \|\| 8.5 \|\| 6.3 \|\| 1.7 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 41.0 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 8.2 \|\| .273 \|\| .000 \|\| .875 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 2.2 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| 4.0 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 16.0 \|\| .619 \|\| .643 \|\| .000 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 5.8 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 1 \|\| 0 \|\| 9.0 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 44.3 \|\| .439 \|\| .000 \|\| .543 \|\| 9.2 \|\| 7.7 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 21.2 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 6.8 \|\| .700 \|\| .600 \|\| .000 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 2.8 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 3 \|\| 0 \|\| 1.7 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 26.5 \|\| .406 \|\| .000 \|\| .286 \|\| 6.3 \|\| 1.7 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 1.5 \|\| 4.7 Phoenix Suns \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 27.0 \|\| .475 \|\| .667 \|\| .778 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 2.5 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 8.8 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 46.2 \|\| .476 \|\| .250 \|\| .750 \|\| 13.0 \|\| 5.5 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 27.3 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 15.3 \|\| .359 \|\| .000 \|\| .800 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 0.2 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 6.7 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 26.7 \|\| .571 \|\| .000 \|\| .778 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 1.0 \|\| 15.8 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 7.3 \|\| .412 \|\| .000 \|\| 1.000 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 0.8 \|\| 0.5 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 3.0 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 43.3 \|\| .421 \|\| .000 \|\| .920 \|\| 3.0 \|\| 6.5 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 0.3 \|\| 17.2 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 46.8 \|\| .443 \|\| .436 \|\| .800 \|\| 8.2 \|\| 3.7 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 2.2 \|\| 17.2 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 0 \|\| 17.8 \|\| .444 \|\| .000 \|\| .750 \|\| 4.2 \|\| 1.3 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 2.0 \|\| 5.0 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 2 \|\| 0 \|\| 1.0 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| .000 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 0.0 \|- \| align="left" \| \|\| 6 \|\| 6 \|\| 21.7 \|\| .619 \|\| .000 \|\| .533 \|\| 4.3 \|\| 0.7 \|\| 0.0 \|\| 1.2 \|\| 5.7 Media coverage This series was aired on NBC with Marv Albert, Bob Costas (hosts), Mike Fratello, Magic Johnson, Quinn Buckner (analysts), Ahmad Rashād (Bulls sideline) and Hannah Storm (Suns sideline) (reporters) calling the action. The 1993 NBA championship documentary, Three-Peat, marked the first time since 1982 that NBA Entertainment used film in on-court or off-court action, although most of it used videotape. It was narrated by Hal Douglas, who narrated the NBA Championship documentaries of 1992, 1993, 1994, 1995, 1996 and 1997. Aftermath A month after the Bulls' third straight championship, Michael Jordan's father, James R. Jordan, Sr., was murdered. Distraught by the murder of his father, Jordan announced his retirement from basketball a few weeks before the 1993–94 NBA season began, citing a loss of desire to play basketball. Even without Jordan, the Bulls still managed to win 55 games behind the All-Star efforts of Scottie Pippen; however the loss of Jordan was steep to overcome, and following a controversial call that gave the New York Knicks a win in Game 5, the Bulls lost to Knicks in the conference semi-finals of the 1994 NBA Playoffs in Game 7. Jordan returned from retirement in March 1995, following a brief baseball career and made the 1995 NBA Playoffs, losing to the Orlando Magic in six games. The Phoenix Suns finished with 56 wins in the 1993–94 season, but were eliminated from the playoffs by the Houston Rockets after leading 2–0 in the Western Conference semifinals. The following year, Phoenix took a commanding 3–1 lead against a sixth-Seeded Houston team only to lose again, losing Games 5 and 7 on their home court, the last of which was decided on a 3-pointer by Mario Elie and an ensuing free throw session. The Rockets went on to win both the 1994 and 1995 NBA Finals. , this remains the Suns' last Finals appearance. In a last-ditch attempt to win a championship, Barkley was soon traded to the Rockets in 1996 for Sam Cassell, Robert Horry and Chucky Brown. Despite forming a "Big Three" with Clyde Drexler and Hakeem Olajuwon, the Rockets failed to make the NBA Finals in Barkley's four seasons. The 1993 Finals was the only appearance of Charles Barkley's Hall of Fame career. The 1993 NBA Finals marked the only instance in the "Big Four" professional sports in which a Chicago team defeated a Phoenix/Arizona team in a playoff series. In the 2007 National League Division Series, the Arizona Diamondbacks swept the Chicago Cubs 3–0, while in the 2012 Stanley Cup playoffs, the Phoenix Coyotes defeated the Chicago Blackhawks 4–2.
Project46	Project46 is a heavy metal band from São Paulo, Brazil. Since forming in 2008 by guitarists and childhood friends, Jean Patton and Vinicius Castellari, the quintet has released one E.P. and three full-length albums and have played several large rock and metal festivals in and around Brazil and South America. Known for their politically and socially controversial lyrics, Project46’s popularity outside of Brazil has been steadily growing. The band debuted on American satellite radio in 2015 by José Manguin of Sirius XM Radio's Liquid Metal, who played “Caos Renomeado” from their 2014 album, "Que Seja Feita A Nossa Vontade". Project46 played at the 30th anniversary of Rock in Rio, September 24, 2015 in Rio de Janeiro, opening for Halestorm, Lamb of God and Deftones. History Project46 started as a Slipknot tribute band named Kroach, but evolved into writing original music and taking on the moniker "Project46" to pay homage to Slipknot members #4 and #6. The band initially experimented with lyrics in English on their first release, 2009's E.P., If You Want Your Survival Sign Wake up Tomorrow, which included four tracks and was released independently. Their first full-length album, Doa a Quem Doer, was produced by notable Brazilian metal producer, Adair Daufembach, and released independently in 2011. Shortly after its release, the band announced that Henrique Pucci would replace Gui Figueiredo as drummer. In November 2012, Project46 played their first shows outside of Brazil. Invited to play the 2012 Maquinaria Festival in Chile, they shared the stage with such acts as Cavalera Conspiracy, Stone Sour and Slayer. Footage from this performance was used in the video for “Acorda Pra Vida”. They opened São Paulo's Monsters of Rock Festival in 2013, when fans voted them in as the local act to open the two-day festival. They warmed up the crowd for Gojira, Korn and Slipknot on day one. Project46’s rendition of Slipknot's "Heretic Anthem" was chosen as the “Best Slipknot Cover 2013” by the Fans of Slipknot Facebook page, which helped introduce the band to an international audience. Towards the end of 2013, they began recording their next full-length album, again pairing up with producer Adair Daufembach. Their sophomore effort, "Que Seja Feita a Nossa Vontade", was released by the Wikimetal Music label in April 2014, with an album release party dubbed “46Fest”, held at the Carioca Club in São Paulo. Their third studio album, Tr3s, was released in 2017. The album has won "Best National Album" in Brazil, as voted by readers of Roadie Magazine. The album was produced by Adair Daufembach and recorded at his Los Angeles based studio. Band members Current Members Caio MacBeserra - Vocals (2008–present) Jean Patton - Guitars (2008–present) Vinicius Castellari - Guitars (2008–present) Baffo Neto - Bass (2016–present) Betto Cardoso - Drums (2016–present) Former Members Gui Figueiredo - Drums (2008-2011) Rafael Yamada - Bass, Vocals (2008–2016) Henrique Pucci - Drums (2011-2016) Discography If You Want Your Survival Sign Wake up Tomorrow, E.P. (2009) Doa a Quem Doer (2011) Live at Inferno Club, Live Album (2012) Que Seja Feita a Nossa Vontade (2014) TR3S (2017)
Motoro	Motoro is a god in Polynesian mythology (specifically Mangaia) who did not desire human sacrifices.
1939–40 Netherlands Football League Championship	The Netherlands Football League Championship 1939–1940 was contested by 52 teams participating in five divisions. The national champion would be determined by a play-off featuring the winners of the eastern, northern, southern and two western football divisions of the Netherlands. Feijenoord won this year's championship by beating Blauw-Wit Amsterdam, Heracles, Juliana and GVAV Rapiditas. This season's championship was not considered official. Owing to the start of World War II, not all teams played an equal number of matches. New entrants Eerste Klasse East: Promoted from 2nd Division: Enschedese Boys Eerste Klasse North: Promoted from 2nd Division: WVV Winschoten Eerste Klasse South: Promoted from 2nd Division: HVV Helmond & Limburgia Eerste Klasse West-I: Moving in from West-II: Ajax, DOS, HVV 't Gooi, HFC Haarlem and VSV Eerste Klasse West-II: Moving in from West-I: CVV Mercurius, HBS Craeyenhout, Hermes DVS, Sparta Rotterdam and Xerxes Divisions Eerste Klasse East Eerste Klasse North Eerste Klasse South Eerste Klasse West-I Eerste Klasse West-II Championship play-off
1J	1J or 1-J may refer to: AH-1J, a model of Bell AH-1 SuperCobra ISS 1J, designation for STS-124
Shōgo Tomiyama	Shōgo Tomiyama (富山省吾, born 1952 in Tokyo, Japan) is a Japanese writer and producer. Biography Shogo Tomiyama was an aspiring producer, who took the reins of the Godzilla series following Tomoyuki Tanaka's death. His persistence is what kept the Godzilla series alive following its rough start near the turn of the millennium. After Godzilla vs. Megaguirus (2000) failed at the box office, Tomiyama switched gears and handed the series over to director Shusuke Kaneko, who churned out the highly successful Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack in 2001. By 2003, though, the series had once again gone stagnant with the box office disappointment of Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S.. Tomiyama had big things in store for the following year, though, as he stepped up to become the president of Toho along with co-writing and producing the most expensive Godzilla film to emerge from Toho to date: Godzilla: Final Wars (2004). Preceding the film's release, Tomiyama commented that Godzilla would go into a decade long retirement following the release of the 2004 film, and, after surveying the disappointing box office receipts for Godzilla: Final Wars (2004), stayed true to his word. Filmography Producer Godzilla vs. Biollante (1989) Chōshōjo Reiko (1991) Godzilla vs. King Ghidorah (1991) Godzilla vs. Mothra (1992) Godzilla vs. Mechagodzilla II (1993) Godzilla vs. SpaceGodzilla (1994) Yamato Takeru (1994) Godzilla vs. Destoroyah (1995) Rebirth of Mothra (1996) Rebirth of Mothra II (1997) Rebirth of Mothra III (1998) Godzilla 2000 (1999) Godzilla vs. Megaguirus (2000) Godzilla, Mothra and King Ghidorah: Giant Monsters All-Out Attack (2001) Godzilla Against Mechagodzilla (2002) Godzilla: Tokyo S.O.S. (2003) Godzilla: Final Wars (2004) Writer Godzilla: Final Wars (2004)
Athletics at the 1997 Summer Universiade – Women's 400 metres	The women's 400 metres event at the 1997 Summer Universiade was held on 28, 29 and 30 August at the Stadio Cibali in Catania, Italy. Medalists Results Heats Semifinals Final
David P. Harmon	David P. Harmon was an American scenarist and producer born September 3, 1918 in Buffalo New York, and died August 28, 2001 in Los Angeles (California). Biography Filmography As scenarist 1956 : Reprisal! 1957 : The Shadow on the Window 1958 : The Big Beat 1958 : The Last of the Fast Guns 1962 : The Wonderful World of the Brothers Grimm 1964 : L'Intrigo 1967 : The Deadly Years (Star Trek: The Original Series) (TV) 1968 : A Piece of the Action (Star Trek: The Original Series)) (TV) 1968 : Call to Danger (TV) 1969 : Honeymoon with a Stranger (TV) 1972 : Killer by Night (TV) 1974 : The Eye of the Beholder (Star Trek: The Animated Series) (TV) 1975 : Murder on Flight 502 (TV) 1978 : Rescue from Gilligan's Island (TV) 1981 : The Harlem Globetrotters on Gilligan's Island (TV) 1992 : When It Was a Game 2 (TV) As producer 1991 : When It Was a Game'' (TV) External links
Strobilurin	Strobilurins are a group of natural products and their synthetic analogs. A number of strobilurins are used in agriculture as fungicides. They are part of the larger group of QoI inhibitors, which act to inhibit the respiratory chain at the level of Complex III. The first parent natural products, strobilurins A and B were extracted from the fungus Strobilurus tenacellus. Commercial strobilurin fungicides were developed through optimization of photostability and activity. Strobilurins represented a major development in fungus-based fungicides. First released in 1996, there are now ten major strobilurin fungicides on the market, which account for 23-25 % of the global fungicide sales. Examples of commercialized strobilurin derivatives are azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, picoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, oryzastrobin, dimoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin. Strobilurins are mostly contact fungicides with a long half time as they are absorbed into the cuticle and not transported any further. They have a suppressive effect on other fungi, reducing competition for nutrients; they inhibit electron transfer in mitochondria, disrupting metabolism and preventing growth of the target fungi. Gallery of strobilurin structures
Liberty Bell (It's Time to Ring Again)	The cover has George Washington, Betsy Ross, and her helper. "Liberty Bell (It's Time to Ring Again)" is a song from 1917 written during World War I. Joe Goodwin wrote the lyrics, and Halsey K. Mohr wrote the music. The song was published by Shapiro, Bernstein & Co. in New York City. The lyrics to "Liberty Bell (It's Time to Ring Again)" resembles a call to action. The chorus repeats, Liberty Bell, It's time to ring again... Your voice is needed now; Liberty Bell... Though you're old and there's a crack in you, Don't forget Old Glory's backin' you Through the song Goodwin and Mohr were able to point out that the purpose of World War I was to "defeat tyrants who wanted to stifle American freedom, that precious legacy bequeathed by the Revolutionary War." The cover of the sheet music shows a woman, presumably Betsy Ross, mending a flag. A woman is helping her, while a man stands behind her. The Liberty Bell is above their heads. The song was written for voice and piano. Recordings and commercial success It was recorded by the Peerless Quartet and Arthur Fields. The musical score was reprinted four times. The version sung by Arthur Fields and released by Columbia Records reached the number five spot on the US song charts.
Muchundi Mosque	Muchundi Mosque (Malayalam: മുച്ചുന്തിപ്പള്ളി Muccunti Palli, formerly Muchiyan/Machinde/Muchandi Palli) is a mosque located at Kuttichira, within in the city of Kozhikode (Calicut) in the Indian state of Kerala. Kuttichira is the medieval Muslim quarter in the city of Calicut. It is situated south of Mishkal Mosque, Kuttichira Tank and the Kuttichira Jum'ah Masjid. The mosque does not conduct the jum'ah prayers – the special noon service on Friday that all adult, male, free Muslims are obliged to attend. The current mosque structure is built in Kerala architectural style, without minarets, domes or arches. Roof of the mosque contains elaborate calligraphy of the Qur'anic verses, decorated with carved flowers on the side. It is reasonable to assume that the foundations must have supported one of the oldest mosques in Kozhikode. Muchundi Mosque holds a granite inscription datable to c. 13th century AD. The inscription is the only surviving document recording endowment by a Hindu king (the Zamorin of Calicut) to the Muslims of Kerala. As per the inscription, the mosque was established by certain Shahab al-din Raihan. Historians tentatively assume that "Muchiyan" might be the Old Malayalam name given to Raihan by the people of Kozhikode. Raihan must have been a wealthy Arab merchant settled at Kozhikode. A medieval Muslim aristocratic house called "Muchintakam" is situated close to the mosque. A traditional jaram – a mausoleum/tomb – called "Muchiyante Jaram" is also found near the mosque. The Zamorins of Calicut remained the protectors of the mosque throughout the medieval times. The salary of the qadi of the mosque was paid by from Kozhikode. The mosque is sometimes associated with Shaikh Zain-ud-Din Makhdum II, the 16th century polymath, and the famous author of Tuhafat al-Mujahidin. Muchundi Mosque Inscription William Logan, former Collector and Magistrate of Malabar District, makes a reference to the Muchundi Inscription in his famous manual Malabar (1887). The mosque was called "Machchinde Mosque" by W. Logan. The inscription was eventually deciphered by historians M. G. S. Narayanan, M. R. Raghava Warrier and Kunhu Muhammed. The highly damaged, worn and fragmentary donative inscription is engraved on a granite stone slab (slab is seen as fixed on the wall at Mosque Muchundi). The inscription is undated, but can be positioned on paleographic grounds to the c. 13th century AD. The content is divided on functional grounds between Old Malayalam and Arabic. The concluding portion is in Arabic, while the functional portion recording the specific details of the endowment is in Old Malayalam. The script of the Old Malayalam portion is Vattezhuthu, a type of medieval script closely related to modern Malayalam and Tamil. The letters are not carved into the stone surface – like the usual Kodungallur Chera style – but are raised on the stone in imitation of the standard practice in Islamic inscriptions. Text The text is divided into two distinct halves. First half has 32 very short Vattezhuthu lines in Old Malayalam. It describes the assignment of revenues accruing from certain lands for the expenditure of Muchundi Mosque. The inscription mentions two local place names, "Kunnamangalam" and "Pulikkizhu". As per M. G. S. Narayanan, the old Malayalam (Vatteluttu) portion can be read as, "This is an order of Punturakkon, this is to...by the Officer - in - Attendance (Kettu Viliyan). He ordered that daily expenses of one nazhi [of rice should be] granted to the Muchiyan's Mosque...He ordered that from Kunnamangalam...Pulikkizhu...to the Mosque...future also...Twelve para..." The Arabic portion, the second half, starts with the opening prayer from Qur'an. It says that certain Shahab al-din Raihan purchased the piece of land and constructed thereon the mosque, and made provision for its imam and mua'dhdhin. As per Z. A. Desai, the Arabic portion can be read as, "Shahab al-din Raihan was a freed slave (atiq) of the late Mas'ud, purchased ...(?)... out of his own money, land from its owner and constructed thereon this mosque and well and made [provision] for its imam and mua'dhdhin by constructing a big edifice" Traveller Ibn Batutah (14th century AD) had indicated that certain Shihab-ud-Din Khasaruni was a Port Officer (Shah Bandar) of the Samoothir of Kozhikode.
Los Angeles Highlanders FC	Los Angeles Highlanders FC are an American soccer team. They play their home games at Moyse Stadium on the grounds of Glendale High School in the city of Glendale, California. History The Highlanders were founded in 1997 by a group of Armenian American businessmen and soccer fans as a competitive branch of the locally based Ararat Soccer Club, to compete in the nationwide amateur soccer league, the USL Premier Development League. The club rose to the pinnacle of the league quickly, becoming playoff champions in only their second season in 1998, having defeated the previously unbeaten Jackson Chargers 3–2 in the PDL Championship game and ensuring a Southwest Division champion for the third straight season. Following the 2001 season the team ceased operations. After a 15-year absence the club announced their return in January 2017 joining the United Premier Soccer League. Season-by-season
Ralph Talmont	Ralph Talmont (born 1963) is an Australian/Polish author, entrepreneur, multimedia producer and communications consultant, residing in Warsaw, Poland. As a photographer and writer he has authored or co-authored over twenty books on subjects ranging from wine and yachting to world cities and crafts and his work has been published in magazines including National Geographic Traveler, GEO Saison and New Zealand Geographic. Monographs Auckland: A Portrait (1997) Georgia: The Building and Travels of the World's Largest Sloop (2000) Legends of the Land: Living Stories of Aotearoa as Told by Ten Tribal Elders (2000) Tiara (2004) From Breadballs to Brazil (2004) Janice of Wyoming (2005) Contributions New Zealand Geographic (1995) The Shadowcatchers - New Zealand, The Millennium (2000) The Human Race (Nike) (2008) The Best of New Zealand Geographic (2009)
Arnulfstraße (KVB)	Arnulfstraße is a station on the Cologne Stadtbahn line 18, located in the Cologne district of Lindenthal. The station lies on Luxemburger Straße, adjacent to nearby Arnulfstraße, after which the station is named. The station was opened in 1898 and consists of one island platform with two rail tracks.
Some Great Reward	Some Great Reward is the fourth studio album by English electronic music band Depeche Mode. It was released on 24 September 1984 by Mute Records. The album peaked at number five in the United Kingdom and number 51 in the United States, and was supported by the Some Great Reward Tour. Critical reception Melody Makers Barry McIlheney hailed Some Great Reward and noted a "truly remarkable development" in Dave Gahan's voice, concluding that while "[i]t used to be okay to slag this bunch off because of their lack of soul, their supposed synthetic appeal, their reluctance to really pack a punch", the album "just trashes such bad old talk into the ground and demands that you now sit up and take notice of what is happening here, right under your nose". New Musical Express critic David Quantick was critical of the sound of the record, and felt that it "suffers from too many missed grips on good ideas". He continues: "It ought to be an intelligent chart contender, a mix of commercial class and magpie manipulation of the unconventional; it isn't. When that bonk and clatter is used... it's just a nod to left-field, rather than use of the sound." Of the songs and singing he says: "Often the tunes are ordinary; Martin Gore, as ever, favours a bit of a drone. In small doses (singles) this is fine. Over 40 minutes, the interest begins to wane. Dave Gahan's voice has improved greatly – in that he's learned how to use its limited range – but like the melodies, it imparts mucho sameiness to the record." He concludes: "Depeche Mode can be one the few acts worthy of the name pop group. It's just that they should be so much better." In No. 1, Sunie expressed similar reservations: "The sadly under-rated Depeches turn out consistently excellent singles. But 45s rather than LPs remain their forte [...] They've progressed a million musical miles from their boppy origins, but Martin Gore's lyrics haven't kept up. Over a whole LP, their gaucheness is a major distraction from the record's musical merits." Carole Linfield, in Sounds, felt the balance of powerful music and personal lyrics was just right: "The combination of the Depeche strength of vocal and now the Depeche delicacy is going to be hard to beat... This package is a carefully assorted, daintily arranged symphony ... one that carries emotion, devotion and yet never gives way to feebleness or predictability. OK... the lyrics look trite, often naïve and frequently cliched when printed out [...] Yet Depeche have the right balance and necessary gauche to pull it off. Perhaps it's simply that power – never mawkish – that sustains it. Whichever way, the combination locks in. The Depeche Mode clicks." Re-release In 2006, Some Great Reward was re-released with a bonus DVD. The CD was remastered and was released on a CD/SACD hybrid. The bonus DVD includes the B-sides "In Your Memory" and "(Set Me Free) Remotivate Me" in addition to a remix of "Somebody" and several live versions of some of the songs from the album. The DVD also includes a documentary on the making of the album. The remastered album was released on vinyl in March 2007. Track listing 2006 Collectors Edition CD + DVD Video Audio Personnel Credits adapted from the liner notes of Some Great Reward. Depeche Mode Martin Gore Alan Wilder David Gahan Andrew Fletcher Technical Daniel Miller – production Depeche Mode – production Gareth Jones – production Ben Ward – engineering assistance Stefi Marcus – engineering assistance Colin McMahon – engineering assistance Artwork Brian Griffin – photography Stuart Graham – photography assistance Martyn Atkins – design David A. Jones – design Marcx – design Charts Weekly charts Year-end charts Certifications
Tristachycera	Tristachycera viridis is a species of beetle in the family Cerambycidae, the only species in the genus Tristachycera.
16th government of Turkey	The 16th government of Turkey (10 September 1947 – 10 June 1948) was a government in the history of Turkey. It is also called the first Saka government. Background Recep Peker of the Republican People's Party (CHP), who was the previous prime minister, resigned on 9 September 1947 after a harsh discussions in the parliament. İsmet İnönü, the president, assigned Hasan Saka, a more moderate politician, as the prime minister. Saka's government was, however, similar to that of Peker. The government In the list below, the cabinet members who served only a part of the cabinet's lifespan are shown in the column "Notes". Aftermath Saka was criticized as too mild to struggle against the Democrat Party opposition. He resigned on 8 July 1948. However, ten days later, he founded his second government.
Small nucleolar RNA SNORD98	Small Nucleolar RNA SNORD98 (also known as HBII-419) is a non-coding RNA (ncRNA) molecule which functions in the biogenesis (modification) of other small nuclear RNAs (snRNAs). This type of modifying RNA is located in the nucleolus of the eukaryotic cell which is a major site of snRNA biogenesis. It is known as a small nucleolar RNA (snoRNA) and also often referred to as a guide RNA. SNORD98 belongs to the C/D box class of snoRNAs which contain the C (UGAUGA) and D (CUGA) box motifs. Most of the members of the box C/D family function in directing site-specific 2'-O-methylation of substrate RNAs. SNORD98 is predicted to guide the 2'0-ribose methylation of 18S ribosomal RNA (rRNA) residue G867.
52nd New Zealand Parliament	The 52nd New Zealand Parliament is the current meeting of the legislative branch of New Zealand's Parliament. It was elected at the 2017 general election. The 52nd Parliament consists of 120 members, and is serving from its opening on 7 November 2017 until the next general election. Under section 17 of the Constitution Act 1986, Parliament expires three years "from the day fixed for the return of the writs issued for the last preceding general election of members of the House of Representatives, and no longer." With the date for the return of writs for the general election set at 12 October 2017, the 52nd Parliament must be dissolved on or before 12 October 2020. The Parliament was elected using a mixed-member proportional representation (MMP) voting system. Members of Parliament (MPs) represent 71 geographical electorates: 16 in the South Island, 48 in the North Island and 7 Māori electorates. The remaining members were elected from party lists using the Sainte-Laguë method to realise proportionality. The number of geographical electorates was increased by one at the 2014 election, to account for the North Island's higher population growth. 2017 general election The 2017 general election was held on Saturday, 23 September 2017. Voters elected 120 members to the House of Representatives, with 71 electorate members and 49 list members. Official results indicated that the National Party had won a plurality, winning 56 seats; down from 60 in 2014. The Labour Party won 46 seats, up from 32 at the last election. Their partner, the Green Party won 8 seats, down from 14. New Zealand First won 9 seats, down from 11. ACT won the electorate of Epsom, and enough party votes to avoid an overhang, but failed to win any more party votes to entitle it to more seats. New Zealand First was left in the position of Kingmaker between National and the Labour/Green bloc. On 19 October, Winston Peters announced he was forming a coalition agreement with Labour, with the Greens in a confidence-and-supply agreement. The Greens' support, plus the coalition, resulting in 63 seats to National's 56—enough to ensure that Ardern maintains the confidence of the House. Major events 12 October 2017 — The writ for election is returned; officially declaring all elected members of the 52nd Parliament. 19 October 2017 — A coalition government between Labour and NZ First is confirmed, with C&S from the Green Party. 25 October 2017 — Chris Hipkins is confirmed Leader of the House. 26 October 2017 — Jacinda Ardern is sworn in as Prime Minister of New Zealand. 7 November 2017 — The Governor-General issued the Commission of Opening of Parliament. The House elected Trevor Mallard as Speaker. 8 November 2017 — State Opening of Parliament. 13 February 2018 — Bill English announced he would resign as Leader of the National Party and Leader of the Opposition on 27 February, before retiring from Parliament on 1 March, thus resigning as Father of the House. 27 February 2018 — Simon Bridges is elected as National Party leader, succeeding Bill English as Party Leader and Leader of the Opposition 27 February 2018 — Fletcher Tabuteau replaces Ron Mark as Deputy Leader of New Zealand First 22 March 2018 — Jonathan Coleman, MP for Northcote, resigns from Parliament, triggering a by-election in Northcote. 8 April 2018 — Marama Davidson is elected the female co-leader of the Green Party. 17 May 2018 — The 2018 budget is presented to Parliament. 21 June 2018 — Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern takes maternity leave following giving birth to a baby girl. Winston Peters becomes acting Prime Minister. 2 August 2018 — Jacinda Ardern returns as Prime Minister after six weeks of maternity leave. 7 September 2018 — Labour MP Clare Curran resigns from all of her ministerial portfolios. 20 September 2018 — Labour MP Meka Whaitiri is removed as a minister following an investigation of an alleged assault in her office. 30 May 2019 — The 2019 budget, also named the Wellbeing Budget, is presented to Parliament. Legislation On 31 October 2017, Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern announced that the government would amend the Overseas Investment Act 2004 by Christmas to categorise existing residential properties as 'sensitive', to restrict its sale to citizens and permanent residents only. On 8 November 2017, Bill 1-2 extending paid parental leave to 22 weeks from 1 July 2018 and 26 weeks from 1 July 2020, was introduced in the name of Minister of Immigration Iain Lees-Galloway, and given royal assent on 4 December 2017. Ministry The Sixth Labour Government began with the 52nd Parliament, following the announcement of a coalition deal between the Labour Party and New Zealand First, with the Green Party providing confidence and supply, thus giving the government 63 seats, opposite the main opposition party, National, with 56 seats. The government was formally sworn in on 26 October 2017 by Governor-General Dame Patsy Reddy. Jacinda Ardern, as Leader of the Labour Party, serves as Prime Minister. Winston Peters, as Leader of New Zealand First, serves as Deputy Prime Minister and Minister of Foreign Affairs. Prime Minister Ardern appointed Grant Robertson as Minister of Finance, Ron Mark as Minister of Defence, Kelvin Davis as Minister of Corrections, David Parker as Attorney General, Andrew Little as Minister of Justice, Dr David Clark as Minister of Health, and Chris Hipkins as Minister of Education and Leader of the House. For a period of six weeks beginning 21 June 2018, Winston Peters served as Acting Prime Minister of New Zealand, while Prime Minister Jacinda Ardern took maternity leave. Ardern was only the second head of government to give birth while in office, after Benazir Bhutto, who gave birth while serving as Prime Minister of Pakistan. Officeholders The current officers of the 52nd Parliament are listed below: Speaker Speaker of the House: Rt. Hon. Trevor Mallard (Labour) Deputy Speaker of the House: Hon. Anne Tolley (National) Assistant Speaker of the House: Hon. Ruth Dyson (Labour) Assistant Speaker of the House: Adrian Paki Rurawhe (Labour) Other parliamentary officers The following is a list of other parliamentary officers who are non-political: Clerk: David Martin Wilson Deputy Clerk: Suze Jones Serjeant-at-Arms: Steve Streefkerk Party leaders Prime Minister of New Zealand: Rt. Hon. Jacinda Ardern (Labour) Deputy Leader of the Labour Party: Hon. Kelvin Davis Deputy Prime Minister of New Zealand: Rt. Hon. Winston Peters (New Zealand First) Deputy Leader of New Zealand First: Hon. Ron Mark (until 27 February 2018) Fletcher Tabuteau (from 27 February 2018) Leader of the Opposition (National): Rt. Hon. Bill English (until 27 February 2018) Hon. Simon Bridges (from 27 February 2018) Deputy Leader of the Opposition: Hon. Paula Bennett (National) Co-leaders of the Green Party of Aotearoa New Zealand: Male Co-leader: Hon. James Shaw Female Co-leader: Marama Davidson (from 8 April 2018) Leader of ACT New Zealand: David Seymour Floor leaders Leader of the House: Hon. Chris Hipkins Deputy Leader of the House: Hon. Iain Lees-Galloway Shadow Leader of the House: Hon. Simon Bridges until 27 February 2018 Hon. Gerry Brownlee from 11 March 2018 Whips Senior Government Whip: Michael Wood Junior Labour Whip: Kieran McAnulty Assistant Labour Whip: Kiri Allan Senior Opposition Whip: Barbara Kuriger from 11 March 2018 Jami-Lee Ross until 11 March 2018 Junior Opposition Whip: Matthew Doocey from 11 March 2018 Barbara Kuriger until 11 March 2018 Third Opposition Whip: Tim van de Molen from 11 March 2018 Matthew Doocey until 11 March 2018 New Zealand First Whip: Clayton Mitchell Green Party Musterer: Gareth Hughes Green Party Deputy Musterer: Marama Davidson Shadow Cabinets Opposition Cabinet of Simon Bridges during the 52nd Parliament Opposition Cabinet of Bill English during the 52nd Parliament until 27 February 2018 Members The table below show the members of the 52nd Parliament based on the official results of the 2017 general election. Ministerial roles were officially announced on 25 October 2017. Overview This table shows the number of MPs in each party: Notes New Zealand First announced a coalition agreement with the Labour Party on 19 October 2017. The Green Party entered into confidence-and-supply agreement with the Labour Party on the same day as the coalition was announced. The Working Government majority is calculated as all Government MPs less all other parties. Members Seating plan The chamber is in a horseshoe-shape. As of 7 November 2017 (start) As of 12 February 2019 (current) Committees The 52nd Parliament has 12 select committees and 6 specialist committees. They are listed below, with their chairpersons and deputy chairpersons: Summary of changes during term The following changes occurred in the 52nd Parliament:
Sidney Psalms	The Sidney Psalms or Sidneian Psalms was a 16th-century translation into English of the Psalms. It was the work of Philip and Mary Sidney, aristocratic siblings who were very influential Elizabethan poets. Mary Sidney completed the book and gave a copy to Queen Elizabeth I of England in 1599. They were celebrated in the work of John Donne. Psalm 1 Psalm one is the first Psalm in the Sidney Psalter, written by brother and sister, Phillip and Mary Sidney in the 16th. Psalm One, as discussed here, was written by Phillip Sidney in the late 1500s. It is a poetic adaption of psalm one from the biblical book of psalms. Although there were many translations of the psalms during the renaissance period the Sidney psalms are different due to their concentration on aesthetics. Though some claim this takes away from true translations (which will be returned to in this article) they are still praised today for their creative poetic forms; John Donne a contemporary praised them as “The highest matter in the noblest form” (Donne, 1896). Themes Psalm 1 is, as the title suggests, the first psalm in the biblical book of Psalms and so the first in the Sidney Psalter. As the first psalm it can be seen as setting up several themes which recur through the Psalter: The Separation of the sinful and the righteous The book of Psalms and so the Sidney Psalter is very concerned with being righteous, there is pious apologies (i.e. psalm 31, 51), blaming God (i.e. Psalm 22) and lots and lots of blaming others (i.e. Psalm 109) when people aren’t completely sinless. But this may be due to the recurring theme of judgment, separating out the sinners from the righteous. This begins straight of in Psalm 1 where quite literally the wheat are sorted from the “chaff” (“the wicked, but like chaff” (Sidney, 2009, pg. 11)). “Not with the just, be their meetings placed” (Sidney, 2009, pg. 11). This may be one of the most recurring themes in the Psalter so here are just a few examples: Psalm 11: “on them: storms, brimstone, coals he rains: that is their share assigned. But so of happy other side.” (The Sidney Psalter, 2009, pg. 218) Psalm 145: “He will his lovers all preserve; He will the wicked all destroy:” (The Sidney Psalter, 2009, pg. 279) One way in which the righteous and the sinful are often separated is by the path they choose. Psalm 1 sees two paths laid out for man “ruin’s way” where “wicked counsel leads” or the way of God. Paths or “the way”, especially choosing the right path, is a common theme throughout the whole bible, but also within the psalms. Phillip Sidney sets up this theme firmly in Psalm 1 with the opening line referring to “tread[ing]” the right path. This path can be seen as the beginning of a journey the psalms and through this lyrical Psalter. Other references to paths in the Psalter include: Psalm 16: “Thou life’s path wilt make me know” (The Sidney Psalter, 2009, pg. 31) Psalm 119: “and to thy paths will have a good eye” (The Sidney Psalter, 2009, pg. 230) Anthropomorphic Nature One problem the psalm struggles with is describing the nature of God, how does a finite mind describe the infinite being? One way this problem is addressed in the psalms is by describing God as a man, but in doing so actual man must become less to preserve the distinction of our inferiority to God. When God is made man, man becomes a worm (psalm 22), a sheep (psalm 23) or, as in this psalm, he becomes a tree. Verse 2 describes the righteous as “a freshly planted tree” and continues this metaphor throughout the stanza referring to the “braunches”, “fruite” and “leafe” of the tree as ways of describing a prosperous follower of God. This sets up imagery for the rest of the Psalter where followers of God are often referred to as trees. Trees are used throughout the psalms for several reasons: they are strongly routed and this is used are a metaphor for roots in God; they bear fruit, which is used as a metaphor for the gifts of God; they grow slowly but strongly, which is used as a metaphor for spiritual growth; and finally for their symbolic references, such as fig leaves for shame or sin. Below are some examples of this recurring theme: Psalm 72: “I as an Olive tree, Still green shall flourish: God’s house the soil shall be My roots to nourish.” (The Sidney Psalter, 2009, pg. 136) Psalm 92: “like cedar high and like date-bearing tree, For green and growth, the just shall be” (The Sidney Psalter, 2009, pg. 179) Differences in Translation (Remember in this section the word “translation” refers to translation of meaning!) In the 16th century biblical translations were rife, with the growth of The Church of England promoting personal relationships with God and understanding of Holy texts. These different translations highlighted some of the problems with interpreting “The Word of God”: how is meaning truly translated? This is particularly true with literary versions such as The Sidney Psalter, which as aesthetic interpretations arguably let the focus on form and courtly style obscure the true message – or so thought the revisers of "The Whole Booke of Psalmes". The examples below highlight some of the differences in meaning implied by different translations. Sidney's Psalm One is here being compared to the anti-aesthetic King James Bible equivalent. “He shall be like a freshly planted tree To which sweet springs of waters neighbours be” (Sidney, 2009, pg. 11) “and he shall be like a tree planted by the rivers of water” (King James Bible, psalm 1:3) The main difference between these verse translations is the addition of adjectives. For example, the adjective “freshly” arguably changes the whole imagery of this section, from that of a firmly rooted, strong being of nature, to a weak and flexible sapling. Another interpretation of this, is that Sidney's tree represents a new “fresh” faith that still has room to grow with the aid of god's “sweet springs”. Equally the inclusion of the noun “neighbours” in the following line gives new action to the “water”. Making the “waters neighbours” to the tree changes the relationship between the two from one of simple useful proximity to and active relationship of caring attention. “wicked” (Sidney, 2009, pg. 11) “ungodly” (King James Bible, psalm 1:2) In both line 2, verse one and line 1, verse 3 Sidney prefers the word “ungodly” as used in the King James Bible for the word “wicked”. In the 16th Century the difference between these two adjectives were not as great as it appears to a modern audience however the different level of negative connotations is still there. Often in biblical literature the “ungodly” simply need educating and saving, making them appear more as “the lost sheep”; whereas, “the wicked” suggests much more intention in the person towards evil doing. Part of the definition of “wicked" in the Oxford English Dictionary is “inclined or addicted to wilful wrong-doing”. Therefore, this change in adjective actually changes the level of sinners "wilful" intent. "but are like the chaf which the wind driveth away” (Sidney, 2009, pg. 11) “but like chaf with wind/ Scattered.” (King James Bible, psalm 1:4) In this line the main difference is obviously the use of the term “scattered” as opposed to “driveth away”. It is important to remember here that the King James Bible was not completed until 1611, long after the circulation of the Psalter, so it cannot be said that Sidney softened or harshened any terms as he had not the comparative reference we do here. What can be said is that different imagery is created: Sidney's psalm portrays the wicked being separated from one another, carelessly “scattered” away. Whereas the King James Bible gives the impression of force driving away the wicked to a separate and faraway place. “Scattered” also has some positive connotations however, especially when thinking of farming. A farmer would “scatter” seeds to grow, of “scatter” feed for animals. Although this is not the implied meaning here these connotations are significant when it is considered how often animal husbandry and agricultural language is used throughout the book of psalms. “but on God’s law his heart’s delight doth binde.” (Sidney, 2009, pg. 11) “but his delight is in the law of the Lord.” (King James Bible, Psalm 1:2) There are many interesting differences between these lines. Firstly, let's examine the placement of God in the sentence construction. In both sentences “God” or “the Lord” is the object however where the King James Bible uses the now standard sentence construction SVO (subject, verb, object) placing “the Lord” at the end of the sentence; the Sidney psalm has an archaic OSV (object, subject, verb) form. One reason for this could simply be to make the line fit the rhyming pattern (“binde” rhyming with “minde” at the end of the following line). But it does change the importance placed on “God”/”the Lord” by placing him in the middle of the line his presence does not have as much impact as it does as the closing words in the verse in the King James Bible version. Another difference between these lines is the inclusion of the possessive noun “heart’s”. As with the previous examples inclusion of extra words like these have often been put down to poetic flourishes, however, they do create different interpretations of the text. By making the “delight” from the “heart” Sidney makes the “delight” a purely emotional reaction, whereas, without this addition in The King James Bible translation, the delight can equally be from the mind – happy to choose the righteous option – or soul – naturally reacting to God – or any other part of man. Criticism In his journal “Sir Philip Sidney's Psalms, the Sixteenth-Century Psalter, and the Nature of Lyric” Roland Green praises Phillip Sidney as “the premier English poetical theorist of the time” (p. 20, 1990). However, most criticism and reviews of the Sidney Psalter focus on the later psalms written by Mary Sidney; with Moffet terming Mary Sidney's Psalmes “sweet and heavenly tuned,” (2011, pg. 226). This sadly leaves a gap in critical response to first 43 Psalms that were written by Phillip Sidney before his death; though there is much on his other works. However, there is some criticism of the Psalter as a whole. David Norton explains how Bray, a Sidney contemporary and “great spreader of Christian culture”, hopped that “literary appreciation (of a sort) would make people more religious.” (2000, pg. 130). Bray praised the Psalter as a work of art that would make people more interested in the bible and therefore religion. Psalm III This article focuses on the third Psalm featured in the ‘Sidney Psalter’, a project that involved translating the Psalms into English poetry in the sixteenth century. Originally written by poet Sir Philip Sidney, the project was completed by his sister Mary Herbert, Countess of Pembroke, following Philip's death in 1586. Psalm 3 was written by Philip Sidney and is an adaptation of the third biblical Psalm told from the perspective of David when he fled from his son Absalom. When Philip Sidney died on military campaign, he had completed only forty-three of the Psalms. The remaining translations were left to be completed by his sister and a copy was presented to Elizabeth I in 1599. Although The Sidney Psalms were privately circulated, they were not officially published until 1828. While some have criticised them for the considerable differences between Sidney's poetic elaborations and the Psalms that feature in the anti-aesthetic King James bible, others have praised them for their creative poetic forms. Most notably, metaphysical poets John Donne and George Herbert were particularly complimentary of the Sidney Psalter. Synopsis Psalm 3 belongs to Sidney's ‘Psalmes of David’, as David is the subject of many of the Psalms, and is his personal thanksgiving to God for answering the prayer of an afflicted soul. In the King James Bible, the Psalm is introduced as “A Psalm of David, when he fled from Absalom his son.” Absalom led a fierce and powerful rebellion against his own father, seeking to take the Kingdom from David. When David is left feeling betrayed by his own son and deserted by his subjects, he turns to God in prayer and confesses his faith. The story of Absalom can be found in the two Books of Samuel. Sidney's Psalm opens with David questioning God about the ever constant presence of sinners in the world. He then goes onto express that no matter how his enemies may multiply, he can rely on God to be his protector. Structure As is the case with all of Sidney's poetic adaptations, the third Psalm has a consistent rhyme scheme throughout. Psalm 3 is separated into six stanzas, each stanza opens with a rhyming couplet and has an AABCCB rhyme scheme. The original biblical Psalms do not make use of rhyme, highlighting the parallel between aestheticism and anti-aestheticism. However, Sidney's use of rhyme helps to maintain the traditional musical style of the Psalm. Themes The Segregation of the Sinful A recurring theme amongst Sidney's Psalms is the divide between the righteous and the sinful, sinners frequently being referred to as "enemies". Psalm 3 opens with David directly questioning God about such enemies: “LORD, how do they encrease, That hatefull never cease To breed my grievous trouble How many ones there be, That all against poor me Their numbrous strength redouble?” David expresses his deep feelings of betrayal by referring to Absalom, his subjects and all those involved in the rebellion. The verb “encrease” accompanied by the connotations of “breed” convey an animalistic image, suggesting that the traitors are a separate, growing species. In this way, the sinful are being dehumanised. In the final line of the stanza, David's enemies’ “numbrous strength redoubling" conveys an almost militaristic image. The idea of David's enemies becoming a vast army emphasises his solitude and presents him as a humbling narrator and therefore evokes sympathy, causing a division between the righteous and the sinful. Differences Between Sidney's Psalm III and the King James Version The King James Version (KJV), published in 1611, is a literal translation of the Christian bible from Hebrew to English and does not embrace the same aesthetic values that Sidney's Psalms do. The Sidneian Psalms are considerably longer than the ones in KJV, delving into more literary detail with more frequent use of metaphors, vivid imagery and elaborately poetic language. Psalms are often referred to as sacred songs or hymns, the word Psalm originating from the Greek psallein meaning "to pluck". However, in spite of Sidney's musical use of rhyme and rhythm, it has been argued that Sidney's Psalms inject a stronger poetical theme as opposed to a musical one, "Sidney and especially Pembroke put into thorough practice theories of psalmody as poetry that other authors did not, but in doing so separated their work from the mainstream use of complete metrical psalters: public congregational singing." This can be noticed in Psalm 3 through the use of the word 'selah' in the KJV. Selah is a musical direction used frequently at the end of a Psalm and is twice used in Psalm 3. The word does not feature in Sidney's translation which reemphasises the musical element that is perhaps lacking in Sidney's Psalms in order to focus more on being a work of poetry. God as a Benevolent Figure Arguably the most prominent way in which Sidney's Psalm 3 differs from the original text is its representation of God. As KJV is more closely connected to the original text from which it is translated, it presents God as a smiting and condemning figure, more in keeping with the God of the Old Testament. Sidney's Psalms represent a more all-loving and benevolent God, a figure that is more attributed to the New Testament, showing a clear juxtaposition between early readings of the bible and the sixteenth century interpretations. By the time Sidney began the project, the God of the Old Testament was no longer the God that Christians identified with. The figure of Jesus Christ as the son of God and his teachings of tolerance and forgiveness had caused God to evolve from being an icon of aggressive punishment to a far more fatherly figure. In Sidney's Psalm 3, David addresses God as his father: "Help me, my God and Father!" whereas God is never addressed this way in the KJV. In the KJV Psalm, instead of pleading God to "help" him, David instead asks God to "save" him. This perhaps implies that David fears the wrath of God and feels as though his soul requires saving, whereas Sidney's use of the word "help" connotes a far softer image and reinforces the more supportive and loving bond that he has with God. In the KJV, David thanks God for smiting his enemies. The use of violent imagery highlights the complete contrast between these two very different representations of the Christian God. Differences in Translation and the Impact of Phraseology There are vast differences in translation between the Sidney Psalter and the KJV, to the extent that each line in Sidney's Psalms are phrased almost entirely differently. Sidney has a tendency of taking one image from the original Psalm and elaborating on it so much to the extent that one line from the KJV can be conveyed in an entire stanza. This shows the difference in the purposes behind the two separate translations. Whilst the KJV is meant as a literal English translation of the word of God, Sidney clearly had more poetic and artistic motives, it isn't merely translating the bible into English but is also translating it into a work of art. Also, even slight differences in phraseology can be interpreted as conveying an entirely new meaning. Sidney translates the phrase "O LORD, [art] a shield for me" to "Yet, Lord, Thou art my shield". The use of the pronoun "thou" directly addresses God in prayer and therefore creates a more personal bond between David and God. Also, Sidney referring to God as "my shield" as opposed to "a shield" strengthens that personal connection and suggests that God is the only protector David needs whereas the KJV implies that he could be just one of many shields David has in his life. Responses and Influences Metaphysical poet John Donne wrote a poem celebrating the Sidney Psalter, 'Divine Poems Upon the Translation of the Psalms by Sir Philip Sidney and the Countess of Pembroke, His Sister', claiming that he could “scarce” call the English Church reformed until its psalter had been modeled after the poetic transcriptions of the Philip Sidney and Mary Herbert. This claim reveals the wider influence various transcriptions of the bible can have on the church and this begs the question as to which version of the text can Christians consider to be the "true word of God"? The Sidney Psalter also had an influence on the later religious poetry of George Herbert and there are distinct similarities between the Psalter and his poem 'The Temple'. Psalm 23 Themes The main theme of Psalm 23 is the representation of God as a Shepherd, there to guide man like how a shepherd guides a sheep. Sidney also makes mention to being led upon a "righteous path"[1]. This creates a theme of faith and dutiful worship to God, almost as a show of gratitude for keeping his 'sheep' safe. Context Sidney's Psalm 23 can be traced back to the original Book of Psalms from the Old Testament, Psalm 23 originally being written by King David. According to Tom Wacaster "While most commentators believe that it was written in David’s youth while he was tending sheep for his father, it might just as well have been written at a later age after he had experienced the hardships of life and God’s guidance through those troubled times". This would add explanation to the allegorical imagery of God as the Shepherd, with David comparing his worship to that of a Sheep following the Shepherd. Sidney's version of the Psalm seems more intent on adding a sense of poetic styling more adept for the Sixteenth Century Englishman. Roland Greene makes the statement that "the Psalters deserve a central location in our understanding of what sixteenth-century poets did-for they certainly wrote a prodigious volume of psalmic translations-and of what they thought about what they did". He goes on to argue "that a striking development in sixteenth-century English lyric poetry is the sustained effort by often dissimilar poets to explore the boundaries between what we might call the ritual and the fictional dimensions of lyric. By the ritual element, I mean the poem's office as directions for a performance: a script compounded of sounds that serve referential or expressive purposes in non-poetic". This could be supportive to the idea of Sidney's Psalter creating a more aesthetic approach to the Psalms, and the context for re-writing them was to make them more beautifully worded as opposed to the original Hebrew' translations. Analysis Psalm 23 utilizes an unconventional rhyme scheme. While the first stanza does not follow the following stanza in rhythmic pattern exactly like the rest; the second, third and fourth follow an “ABBACC” rhyme scheme, similar to an English Sestet. Sidney seems to have done this to create a sense of lyricism not found in the original translations, such as the King James Version of The Bible. However while it adds a sense of poetic lyricism to David's’ original Psalm, there are only subtle changes to the overall meaning behind the original translation into Sidney's version. Many of the references, such as “green pastures” and “thy rod and thy staff” remain unchanged in Sidney's version. However his portrayal of God is much more kind and gentle than how he is portrayed in David's version. This can be viewed by how Sidney alters certain text from the original version. Instead of God “Maketh me to lie down in green pastures” it becomes “he rests me in green pastures”. This creates the image of God as a more benevolent and calming figure in Sidney's version of Psalm 23, as opposed to David's version who is more forceful and commanding. Another reason for Sidney changing the meaning of the Psalms is said to bridge the understanding of their message for all as stated in Sir Philip Sidney's Defense of Prophesying “The Psalms had always been integral to Christian worship, but sixteenth- century Protestants placed special emphasis on them. The trials, tribulations, and joys of the Psalmist resonated deeply with the Protestant experience; the ease with which the Psalms could be set to new tunes and memorized made them a perfect vehicle for turning the Protestant message into a mass movement capable of embracing the illiterate alongside the literate” By this it seems that Sidney was attempting to make a more accessible version of the Psalms, removing the perception that biblical teachings must be handled by holy men such as Priests or Monks, and instead creating a unified understanding of The Bible that could be interpreted to each individual as how they would see it. Another example of God being a less aggressive figure in the Sidney Psalms is the way the narrative voice refers to being taken towards water. In the original Psalm 23 written by David, God “leadeth me beside the still waters”, whereas in the Sidney version, it is said “by waters still, and sweet he guides my feet”. This all creates the idea of God as less of an authoritative figure and more assistive in letting man find their path towards heaven. In From Testament to Covenant, Kenneth Hagen suggests “Since Christ is the author of the new testament, he antiquates the whole old law, including the moral law. Those who do not believe in Christ are still subject to the law, but those in Christ are free. The reason for this freedom is that Christ forgives sin and confers the Holy Spirit on Christians, who moves them to right acts. Christians do not need the law to prompt them to right deeds. They do what the law asks under the Spirit's guidance”. This suggests that by the time of the 16th Century the Old Testament portrayal of God was made redundant, and a more fatherly perception found in the New Testament became the reference for most Christians in England. Therefore, Sidney's portrayal of God in his version of the Psalms would be less aggressive and commanding than the version seen in David's Psalm 23. A similarity between both Sidney's version of Psalm 23 and David's version is the presence of Death and how it is portrayed in each version. David describes walking through “the valley of the shadow of death” and claiming to fear no evil, stating that “for thou art with me, thy rod and thy staff they comfort me”. As stated by Derwin L Grey “King David was experiencing a time of “doom and gloom”; he felt as though death was near. Hardship, peril, chaos, and deep suffering were invading his life. In our fallen world, these things will invade our lives, too. At some point, you and I, too, will make that long, slow, painful walk through the “valley of the shadow of death.” However this suggests that David has faith in his connection to God and knowing that God's lead will keep him from being harmed or committing sin, keeping once again with the Shepherd theme of a pure innocent lamb being kept safe, as referenced by the image of the “staff” and “rod”. Sidney alters this however, instead of a “shadow of death” he makes reference to “death’s dark shade”. This is more in line with later perceptions of evil or “the satan” taking a more physical form. In this case, Death being a looming figure who is attempting to sway the narrative voice from the path of Christianity, and as stated by Sidney “Yea, thou I should through valley stray, Of death’s dark shade, I will No whit fear ill”. It is once more suggestive to Sidney portraying God as a more understanding being in his translation of Psalm 23. While David says he knows he will not stray because of the lord, Sidney states that even though he may be lead astray, he knows that the lord will lead him back on the right path, creating an image of a more forgiving God not found within the Old Testament. Another key alteration that Sir Philip Sidney makes is changing “the enemy” as mentioned in David's version of Psalm 23. David evokes a sense of the enemy as more than just on the battlefield, but also those who are unfaithful, sin itself and anyone who opposes Christianity, whereas Sidney changes this to the “foe”, and stating “ Ev’n when foe’s envious eye Doth it espy”. This seems influenced by Sidney's time as a member of Queen Elizabeth's Court, until “In 1580, he incurred the Queen Elizabeth's displeasure by opposing her projected marriage to the Duke of Anjou, Roman Catholic heir to the French throne, and was dismissed from court for a time”. However he later re-joined the court where “Elizabeth instead summoned Sidney to court, and appointed him governor of Flushing in the Netherlands”. It would therefore seem that Sidney's use of the term “espy” was in reference to his distrust to the Catholics and the French, his version Psalm 23 has more of a political agenda and not one of just faith to Christianity, but to Queen Elizabeth and her court as well. Another example of Sidney modernising Psalm 23 to reflect the Elizabethan court is his description of heaven as a “hall” as opposed to a “house” as stated by David. David creates the sense of an eternal dwelling and a more homely place to eternally rest, whereas Sidney creates an image of God proceeding a high court, reflective of the one that he served in before his death, in the service of Queen Elizabeth. Psalm 43 Psalm 43 in The Sidney Psalter is a Psalm written by brother and sister, Mary and Philip Sidney. The Sidney Psalter was written by both siblings because Philip had begun the work on writing it but died before he could finish it. This lead Mary Sidney to finish the work for him. The Psalm was written during the 16th Century by Philip Sidney, and was the last one he wrote before he died. The Sidney Psalter is a poetic adaption of the biblical psalms and differs greatly from other reworkings of the psalms throughout the renaissance period. Psalm 43 focuses on God as a protector alongside his absence and presence throughout. The Sidney Psalms are seen as "The most extreme example in this century of the wish to foster through translation an appreciation of the Psalms as poetry is the version begun by Sir Philip Sidney..." (Norton, 2000). Themes The themes that occur in Sidney's Psalm 43 are as follows: God as a protector Immediately in the first two lines of Psalm 43 we see the speaker's plea to God to be his protector. These two lines, "Judge of all, judge me And protector be" (Sidney, 2009, pg. 83) set up the rest of the first stanza in terms of pleading God to protect the speaker. This is seen when the speaker pleads to God to, "Save me from bad wights, In false colours dressèd." (Sidney, 2009, pg. 83). The last line, "In false colours dressèd" (Sidney, 2009, pg. 83) refers to heraldic insignia, people that are part of the coat of arms and that wear the insignia. The speaker's plea here is for God to protect the speaker in ways that the heraldic insignia cannot, as well as those that represent it; as he earlier refers to "bad wights" (Sidney, 2009, pg. 83). (bad people) and claims they dress in "false colours" (Sidney, 2009, pg. 83). A possibility here could be that those that represent the heraldic insignia are corrupt, perhaps even unmerciful. This can be due to representing such a high order in society that has an aim to protect people; yet the power that comes with it can cause corruption upon the person. The speaker, therefore, labels them as "bad wights"(Sidney, 2009, pg. 83). which means they cannot be protected by them for if they do let them, they too would become like them and lose their connection with God. The second stanza continues with the theme as God as a protector as the speaker goes on to ask God, "Why then hast thou left me?"(Sidney, 2009, pg. 83). This shows the absence of God and emphasizes the speaker's suffering on Earth with his "prevailing foes" (Sidney, 2009, pg. 83) whilst he walks "in woes" (Sidney, 2009, pg. 83). God's absence at this point in the Psalm is important here as it shows how desperate the speaker is to reconnect with God. It is the beginning of the third stanza that further emphasizes God's absence and the speaker's desperation to connect with Him that leads onto the next theme. Desperation to reconnect with God As we reach stanza three, we notice the speaker becomes desperate to reconnect with God. This is seen from the speaker continuously pleading to God from this stanza until the end of the psalm. They begin with "Send thy truth and light, Let them guide me right" (Sidney, 2009, p. 83). This shows that the speaker is asking God to guide him again through the use of "truth and light" (Sidney, 2009, p. 83). The light represents something pure and innocent and in this case may be a glimpse of light from Heaven. The speaker appears to have lost his way in some way or another for him to ask God to send him things to guide him again, to what he labels as "thy hill most holy" (Sidney, 2009, p. 83). He goes on further, in his desperate plea, by saying "To God's altars tho Will I boldly go" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) in stanza four. Here, the speaker is shown to claim that he would do anything for God in order to be reconnected with him. This leads into stanza five where he says, "Then, lo, then I will With sweet music's skill Grateful meaning show thee: Then, God, yea, my God, I will sing abroad What great thanks I owe thee." (Sidney, 2009, p. 84). The speaker, here, is saying that he will sing to everyone of God's glory and how he owes thanks to God. The desperation to reconnect with God is continuous throughout this stanza, especially when he refers to God as "my God" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84). Referring to God as his God establishes that he has complete faith in God. Further on in the stanza, when it says "I will sing abroad what great thanks I owe thee" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) the speaker informs that he would sing loudly to those around him about God's greatness and how he is thankful for all God does for him. The final stanza can be seen as the speaker making his re-connection with God as He is presented as being present in this stanza. An example that shows this is when it says at the end of the psalm, "Thank my God, I will, Sure aid, present comfort." (Sidney, 2009, p. 84). The use of the word "present" alone provides us with the idea that God is now present, which means the speaker has been successful in reconnecting with God. The line, "Sure aid, present comfort" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) can be seen to mean that God is "Sure aid, present comfort" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) making this a reason as to why God should be worshiped by others. This being because He, according to the speaker, provides aid and comfort for people when "thy soul" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) is "Cast down in such dole". (Sidney, 2009, p. 84). The speaker ensures, however, that as long as the people "Wait on God" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) and thank Him for His "Sure aid" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) and "present comfort" (Sidney, 2009, p. 84) they will have some form of connection with God. In this psalm the speaker goes on a journey to reconnect with God and as it ends, the connection is re-established. This suggests that a person has to be patient with God as well as have faith in him to obtain this connection with Him. Translation Differences and Criticism There are many translation differences between the Sidney Psalter and the King James Bible. This caused issues during the 16th century as the translations show different interpretations of what is the word of God. The King James Bible version of Psalm 43 is significantly shorter than the Sidney Psalter's version. This in itself can be problematic because the KJB's psalm 43 is all of four lines long, whereas the Sidney Psalter's Psalm is a lengthy six stanzas long. This immediately would have caused controversy, especially when the Sidney Psalter is deemed to be more poetic than the KJB, as well as Sternhold and Hopkins translations being less poetic than the KJB and the Sidney Psalter. The differences in length of the psalm has been brought to attention by critics, one of these being Norton. Norton says that due to the type of differences in the Sidney Psalter it makes it "unsurprising that the Sidney Psalter should have remained unpublished... the Sidney Psalter could not appeal to the religious populace." (Norton, 2000, p. 131). Again, this can be down to the translations of the bible and its contents. As translations have been done, the question of if the text is really translating God's word from its original Hebrew is accurate in them. This tends to be the reason as to why the Sidney Psalter is viewed more so as a literary work than an accurate translation of the Bible's psalms. Psalm 137 Psalm 137, Super Flumina, was written by Mary Sidney, Countess of Pembroke. Super Flumina is taken from the Latin translation of the original Psalm 137, Super Flumina Babylonis. The choice to exclude ‘Babylonis’ from the title foreshadows other major differences Sidney made in her translation of the psalm. This psalm uses a modified ottava rima rhyming scheme, and is, in general, a woeful tale of exile and revenge. Themes Violent and Dark Imagery A significant amount of violent and dark imagery can be found in Psalm 137. The fourth and fifth stanzas of the psalm focus almost entirely on revenge and suffering; examples of this can be seen in lines 27-30 and lines 39-40."Who causelessly, yet hotly set Thy holy city to deface, Did thus the bloody victors whet What time they ent'red first the place" (lines 27-30)The use of "deface" and "hotly" implies anger from the speakers, which is understandable given their situation. However, this escalates to violence with "bloody victors", and suggests them acting on their anger and thoughts and retaliating against their captors. It could also be that the 'victors' are bloody due to the injuries, both emotionally and physically, they have caused to the speakers by taking them from their homes by force, and therefore the blood from the speakers is on their hands. Whichever conclusion is taken from this line, it is clear that violence has happened in some form."Yea happy, who thy little ones Shall take and dash against the stones." (lines 39-40)These lines are definitely darker than the previous quote, as it is literally saying that the speakers will be happy to see their captors punished by having their children thrown/dashed against stones. In fact, they are asking God to help them in punishing their captors, so it is also highlighting God's ability to punish people so easily if He should want to. It could even be said that they are taking advantage of God's power and even taking it too far in their anger, as they are too weak to rise up and take their revenge for themselves. The rhyming couplet of "ones" and "stones" on the final two lines of the stanza and the entire psalm makes them memorable. It is interesting how Mary Sidney wanted to emphasise such a violent and dark image as the last lines of the psalm. The lines and reference to dashing children against stones are in the church approved King James Version of Psalm 137, but the couplet emphasises this a lot more. There are a lot of double meanings in the psalm and potential dark undertones that Sidney uses, like in the first stanza where "we hardly expect the tears of the exiles to be figured as bounty nourishing the land of Babylon, but perhaps this is to be read bitterly as a form of exploitation.", as noted by Hamlin. Grief Grief can be found in the rest of the psalm, as it is about the speakers' mourning of the loss of their home. Specifically, the "tears of the exiles" refers to lines 3-5 of Psalm 137."Which then our tears in pearléd rows Did help to water with their rain: The thought of Sion bred such woes," (lines 3-5)This implies that they are unwillingly "help[ing]" their captors by watering their land. Also, the "pearléd rows", while being a metaphor for their tears, is also referring to the pearl necklaces that courtiers such as Mary Sidney would have worn in court, and to Sidney's life and social class. She was privileged enough to circulate her psalms at the courts and have them sung and praised by other prestigious members of the courts, like John Donne and George Herbert. Therefore, "her choices in wording reflect her own social class and personal experience - as a woman, as a courtier, and as a poet.", as Hannay summarises in her work. Asking God for/Seeking Revenge Revenge is a constant theme in Psalm 137, Super Flumina, as mentioned above. However, these lines refer to the speakers asking God for revenge as they feel like they cannot do it all by themselves, and they know how powerful God is."Down down with it at any hand, Make all flat plane, let nothing stand. And Babylon, that didst us waste, Thy self shalt one day wasted be:" (lines 31-34)The phrase "let nothing stand" shows how angry they are, to the point where they ask God to completely destroy this city to punish the captors. The repetition of "down" could also be to emphasise how desperate and angry the speakers are, but it could also have been to fit with the chosen form Mary Sidney uses of 8 syllables for each line. This form is adapted from the popular poetry at the time, which is all about lovers proclaiming their love for one another, and it is interesting to see it adapted to the psalms, especially as the church was against this type of poetry and kept their psalms very traditional and close to the originals. Fisken says "what Mary Sidney emphasised were the parallel functions served by the sonnet cycle and the psalms, the resemblances between the anxiety of the lover beseeching his beloved and the anguish of the worshipper pleading with God.", which implies that the speakers in this psalm are, (or Mary Sidney herself, is) likening God to the typical lover seen in sonnets, praising Him and pleading for help to deal with this situation. This is also the only time Mary Sidney uses the word "Babylon" in this psalm. She, as mentioned above, excludes 'Babylonis' from the title of the psalm, and uses "Babel" in the second line of the psalm. Hamlin notes that this could just be Sidney fitting the words to her chosen form, saying "The use of "Babel" rather than "Babylon" in several translations of Psalm 137 may echo the early "history" of the city in Genesis II, though the disyllabic name may sometimes also just be metrical convenience.". This also mentions that Sidney could just be using another name for the city, but it cannot be ignored that the use of "Babylon" is during time the speakers directly ask God for help in destroying this city. Therefore, they could be using the proper name as it is a 'formal' setting and they are addressing God Himself. Psalm 137 as Song Psalm 137 is a song, originally written to be sung, and Mary Sidney's translation definitely resonates that. The choice to use rhyme and a chosen 8 syllable form resonates that, as songs tend to rhyme, and having the next line come around faster than it would have if Sidney had stuck to the 11 syllable form typically used in the ottava rima scheme, makes it sound more song-like."O no, we have no voice, nor hand For such a song, in such a land." (lines 15-16)These lines are a use of irony, as the speakers are talking about their reluctance and lack of enthusiasm to sing for their captors, as they feel it is degrading to entertain them. However, these lines are a part of song themselves, and are the last lines in the stanza so, according to the form of the psalm, they rhyme and sound even more song-like. However, despite the original psalm being a song, it lacks the rhyme and form of Sidney's translation, and the church stick to the original as close as possible. They still sing the psalms as song, but they disagree with Sidney's choice to elaborate on the song and make it rhyme and sound more song-like, because they don't want to change them. Norton notes that "complete in sense and form, unadapted to the traditional tunes and unaccompanied by music, the Sidney Psalter could appeal to the religious populace.", which shows that preventing Sidney's psalms from being accepted by the church was her adapting the psalm to traditional poetry and making it sound more like a song than it already does. Structure Another difference from the ottava rima form Sidney uses is a tetrameter rather than a pentameter. This, like using 8 syllables rather than 11, means that each line comes around faster, again making it more song-like. Each 8 line stanza follows an ABABABCC rhyme, manipulating the scheme to fit her song-like psalm, with the first six lines in an alternating rhyme sounding more like a poem and the last two lines in a couplet sounding more like a song. These couplets also emphasise the message for each stanza, like the last two drawing attention to the violent and dark image of dashing the children against the stones showing the overall message for the psalm and leaving a lasting image in the reader's mind. Differences in Translation to the Church's KJV "We hanged our harps upon the willows in the midst thereof" (Psalms 137:2) "That though our harps we did retain, Yet useless, and untouched there On willows only hang'd they were." (lines 6-8)Mary Sidney's psalms look a lot different than the church's King James Version even at first glance. They are a lot longer (as above are the lines from Sidney's Psalm 137 compared to the KJV verse from Psalm 137 they relate to) and add description. Sidney adds that the harps are "useless, and untouched" rather than just harps. This shows that the speakers find no use for their once beloved harps as soon as they have been taken from their home, as they are refusing to play for and entertain their captors. And this is only one example of the difference in both texts, because, as Hannay says, "many of [Sidney's] Psalm paraphrases depart so radically in form and style from the biblical originals". Overall, these were Sidney and her courtier friends' own interpretations and translations of the psalms and, in the words of Norton, "the admiration of such writers helped to foster such a much more ambitious artistic approach to the Psalms in the seventeenth century." Further reading The Sidney Psalms (Fyfield Books) by Mary Sidney Herbert, Countess of Pembroke (Author), R.E. Pritchard (Editor)
Timiskaming	Timiskaming is a word from the Algonquin Temikami or Temikaming, from tim meaning "deep" and kami meaning "open waters". Alternate spellings include: Temiskaming, Témiscaming, Témiscamingue. The word Temagami comes from the same root. Controversy exists over the spelling of this word. A movement to change the spelling of the District of Timiskaming to Temiskaming (an e instead of an i) cites a typographical error by a government official, but the act of parliament that led to the name change granted this official authority to correct the spelling. What he considered to be a spelling correction, some people today call a spelling mistake. The spelling controversy goes back to the 18th century. English maps from that century show the spelling of the lake as Temiscamin, Temescaming, Temiscaming, Timiscaming, and Temiscamino, with Temiscaming being the most common. Spelling of the name of the aboriginal tribe presented even more alternatives. In all cases, though, there is no k. The 21st Century has inherited a debate from the 18th Century. It refers to the following places, all in Canada: Lake Timiskaming (in French: Lac Témiscamingue) Nipissing—Timiskaming, a federal riding in the province of Ontario Timiskaming—Cochrane (provincial electoral district), a provincial riding of Ontario Timiskaming District, a census division of Ontario Temiskaming Shores, city in the Timiskaming District Unorganized East Timiskaming District, an unorganized territory in the Timiskaming District Unorganized West Timiskaming District, an unorganized territory in the Timiskaming District Abitibi—Témiscamingue, a federal electoral district in Quebec Rouyn-Noranda–Témiscamingue, a provincial electoral district in Quebec Abitibi-Témiscamingue, a region located in western Quebec Témiscamingue Regional County Municipality, Quebec, a regional county municipality RCM in Abitibi-Témiscamingue Timiskaming, Quebec, a First Nation reserve in Témiscamingue RCM Témiscaming, a city in Témiscamingue RCM Les Lacs-du-Témiscamingue, Quebec, an unorganized territory in Témiscamingue RCM Fort Témiscamingue, a former trading post and National Historic Site near Ville-Marie The name was also used in several abolished federal and provincial ridings: Timiskaming (provincial electoral district) Timiskaming (electoral district) (federal) Timiskaming—Cochrane (federal) Timiskaming—French River (federal) Timiskaming North (federal) Timiskaming South (federal) Témiscamingue (electoral district) (federal) Témiscamingue (provincial electoral district)
Velvina, Aetolia-Acarnania	Velvina () is a village and a community in the municipal unit of Nafpaktos in Nafpaktia, Aetolia-Acarnania, Greece. According to the 2011 census, it had 57 inhabitants. The village is about 9 km west of Nafpaktos. It is located at the foot of a northeastern foothill of Klokova and is on the right bank of the creek named Varia. In the vicinity toward the south is the ancient city of Molykreio, where an ancient temple is located. History Formerly part of the municipality of Nafpaktos, it became part of the community of Moui Agiou Georgiou (renamed to Molykreio in 1919) in 1912. Velvina became an independent community in 1946. It rejoined the municipality of Nafpaktos in 1997, and became part of the municipality of Nafpaktia in 2011. Historical population
Davis v. City of Las Vegas	Davis v. City of Las Vegas, 478 F.3d 1048 (9th Cir. 2007), was a case in which the United States Court of Appeals for the Ninth Circuit determined whether a Las Vegas, Nevada police officer utilized excessive force when making an arrest. Background and Opinion of the Court On November 7, 2001, Frankie Davis was handcuffed by security at the Las Vegas Club Hotel & Casino after he was found in an area of the casino that was not open to the public. When a police officer, David Miller, arrived, Davis refused to consent to a search; at that point, Miller then "slammed [Davis] head-first into a wall several times, pinned him against the floor, and punched him in the face." As a result of these actions, Davis suffered a broken neck. Davis filed a lawsuit, arguing that Miller's excessive use of force violated the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution, but the officer alleged that he was entitled to qualified immunity. The United States District Court for the District of Nevada granted Miller's motion for summary judgment based on his qualified immunity claim, but on appeal, the Ninth Circuit reversed. In an opinion written by Circuit Judge Stephen Reinhardt, the Court held that Miller was not entitled to qualified immunity because "any reasonable officer" in the same position would have known that "swinging a handcuffed man into a wall head-first multiple times and then punching him in the face while he lay face-down on the ground, and breaking his neck as a result, was unnecessary and excessive." Commentary and analysis In its summary of the case, the McQuillin Municipal Law Report stated that the Court "had no question" that the officer was not entitled to qualified immunity. University of Georgia School of Law professor Michael L. Wells argued that in Davis, the Ninth Circuit assumed a role "between judge and jury" by making an independent assessment of the "reasonableness" of the officer's actions. In the Ninth Circuit's 2010 opinion in Luchtel v. Hagemann, the court cited Davis as a case that affirmed the "continuing viability" of circuit precedent that recognized "causing fractures and dislocating shoulders while handcuffing a suspect is excessive force."
Naini	Naini (also known as Naini Industrial Area) is a satellite neighborhood and a twin city of Allahabad, India. By the 1950s Naini was established as the chief industrial area of the city. History Naini was infamous for its prison, Naini Central Prison, where many freedom fighters—including Pt. Jawahar Lal Nehru, the first Prime Minister of India—were imprisoned during the Indian independence movement. The first official Airmail flight in the world arrived in Naini from Allahabad. Henri Pequet carried 6,500 letters a distance of 13 km. This was the first commercial civil aviation flight in India. Geography Naini is located on the banks of River Yamuna, opposite Allahabad City. To the north, across the Ganges, is Jhunsi, which is a part of Allahabad itself. There are no direct paths or roadways between Jhusi and Naini. Economy Naini developed into major industrial centre. Some of the most reputed industries in Naini include Alstom, ITI Limited, Bharat Pumps & Compressors (headquarters), Areva, Steel Authority of India Limited (SAIL), Dey's medical, EMC Limited, Food Corporation of India (FCI), Triveni Structurals Limited (TSL) and Cotton Mills subsidiary of Central Government. Industrial development in Naini is increasing as the Government of India has approved Allahabad-Naini-Bara Investment Zone (3000 hectares) which is to be funded by the World Bank. Culture The culture of Naini is typical that of Allahabad. Hindi, Awadhi, Urdu, and Bagheli are the languages that are spoken there. Arail, near Naini, has many Ashrams. Saint Shri Sachcha Baba, one of the pioneers in the tradition of Saints of India has a centre there with many devotees from India and abroad coming to visit. Ashrams located at the Naini Ghat in the Naini area include: Shri Sachcha Baba Ashram Maharishi Mahesh Yogi Vidya Peeth Ishwar prem ashram Blind School Hospital for lepers called Leprosy Mission Hospital Siddha Sanjeevani Charitable Hospital Education University Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences Schools & Colleges Ethel Higginbottom School & College, Rewa Road, Naini, Allahabad Bethany Convent School, Naini Allahabad United College of Engineering & Research Nand Kishore Singh Degree College, Dhanuha, Chaka, Naini, Allahabad Saint John's Academy, Mirzapur Road, Allahabad Apex College of Education, Naini, Allahabad Madhav Gyan Kendra Inter college kharkauni, Naini , Allahabad Kendriya Vidyalaya ITI Naini,Allahabad Kendriya Vidyalaya COD Naini,Allahabad Laurels International School, Naini Transport Naini is connected to Allahabad via two bridges over the river Yamuna. The older one, Old Naini Bridge was built in 1927, is a two lane bridge. The new one, New Yamuna Bridge was completed in 2004. NH-2 joins the Naini to Rewa through Ghoorpur. Tempos, Bus and autos are the main mode of travel in Naini-Allahabad. This route doesn't have a very frequent local bus service, but recently, UPSRTC has launched the city bus services, making easier the public transportation from Naini to other nearby places, including heart of the city. Apart from Naini Railway, Cheoki station is also used, but mainly it is used for transporting goods. However in recent times, Cheoki railway station has started to become more important as many of the trains are getting their schedule changed where in it is replacing Allahabad Junction itself.
Molepolole Airport	Molepolole Airport was an airport serving Molepolole, Botswana. Google Earth Historical Imagery (September 2002) shows a dirt runway. Current Google Maps imagery shows the runway overbuilt with buildings and a large parking area. Other airports in the area include Thebephatshwa Airport, northwest, and Sir Seretse Khama International Airport, southeast, by Gaborone.
Dactylinius	Dactylinius punctipennis is a species of beetles in the family Carabidae, the only species in the genus Dactylinius.
Valuev Circular	The Valuev Circular (; ) of 18 July 1863 was a secret decree (ukaz) of the Minister of Internal Affairs of the Russian Empire Pyotr Valuev (Valuyev) by which a large portion of the publications (religious, educational, and literature recommended for the use in primary literacy training of the commoners) in the Ukrainian language was forbidden, with the belles lettres works. The Circular has put the reason for the growing number of textbooks in Ukrainian, and beginner-level books in Ukrainian with "the Poles' political interests" and the "separatist intentions of some of the Little Russians". The Circular quoted the opinion of the Kiev Censorship Committee that "a separate Little Russian language never existed, doesn't exist, and couldn't exist, and their [Little Russians] tongue used by commoners is nothing but Russian corrupted by the influence of Poland". The Circular ordered the Censorship Committees to ban the publication of religious texts, educational texts, and beginner-level books in Ukrainian, but permitted publication of belles-lettres works in that language. Further restrictions were placed on the Ukrainian language by the Ems Ukaz in 1876, which completely prohibited the usage of the language in open print.
Norman W. Ray	Norman Wilson Ray (born 25 June 1942) is a retired vice admiral in the United States Navy who served Deputy Chairman of the NATO Military Committee from 1992 to 1995. Ray graduated from the United States Naval Academy in 1964. After his retirement, he later served as the president of a defense contacting firm.
Johnson City metropolitan area, Tennessee	The Johnson City Metropolitan Statistical Area, as defined by the United States Census Bureau, is an area consisting of three counties in East Tennessee, anchored by the city of Johnson City. As of the 2000 census, the MSA had a population of 181,607 (though a July 1, 2008 estimate placed the population at 195,849). Counties Carter Unicoi Washington Communities Places with more than 50,000 inhabitants Johnson City (principal city; partial) Places with 10,000 to 50,000 inhabitants Elizabethton Places with 5,000 to 10,000 inhabitants Erwin Places with 2,500 to 5,000 inhabitants Central (census-designated place) Jonesborough Oak Grove (census-designated place) Pine Crest (census-designated place) Spurgeon (census-designated place; partial) Unicoi Places with 1,000 to 2,500 inhabitants Banner Hill (census-designated place) Fall Branch (census-designated place; partial) Gray (census-designated place) Hunter (census-designated place) Midway (census-designated place) Roan Mountain (census-designated place) Places with less than 1,000 inhabitants Watauga Unincorporated places Flag Pond Hampton Limestone (partial) Telford Demographics As of the census of 2000, there were 181,607 people, 75,197 households, and 51,047 families residing within the MSA. The racial makeup of the MSA was 95.31% White, 2.57% African American, 0.22% Native American, 0.52% Asian, 0.02% Pacific Islander, 0.48% from other races, and 0.88% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 1.28% of the population. The median income for a household in the MSA was $30,117, and the median income for a family was $37,286. Males had a median income of $29,158 versus $20,517 for females. The per capita income for the MSA was $16,458. Combined Statistical Area The Johnson City–Kingsport–Bristol Combined Statistical Area (CSA) is made up of five counties in Eastern Tennessee as well as two counties and an independent city in Southwestern Virginia. The statistical area includes two metropolitan areas. As of the 2010 Census, the CSA had a population of 480,091 (though a July 1, 2008 estimate placed the population at 500,538). Components Metropolitan Statistical Areas (MSAs) Johnson City (Carter County, TN; Unicoi County, TN; Washington, TN) Kingsport–Bristol–Bristol (Hawkins County, TN; Sullivan County, TN; Scott County, VA; Washington County, VA; City of Bristol, VA)
The Reckoning (Needtobreathe album)	The Reckoning is the fourth studio album from American rock band Needtobreathe, released on September 20, 2011, through Atlantic Records. It is the last album featuring drummer Joe Stillwell. It debuted at No. 1 on the Billboard Christian Album chart, No. 1 on the Billboard Rock Albums chart, No. 4 on the Billboard Digital Albums chart and No. 6 on the Billboard 200 chart, selling 49,000 copies in its first week. The song "Oohs and Ahhs" was used in a promotional advertisement for J. J. Abrams's drama television series Alcatraz. Background The album released on September 20, 2011, through Atlantic Records, and it was produced by Needtobreathe, Rick Beato, Greg Wells. This was the fourth studio album by the band. The studios used while recording the album were Plantation Studios in Charleston, South Carolina, Blackbird Studios in Nashville, Tennessee and Rocket Carousel Studios in Los Angeles, California. Music and lyrics At Allmusic, Andrew Leahey stated that the album was a mixture of "sacred/secular" that is done with great precision, which takes the "best from both camps." Cross Rhythms' John Willoughby agrees with that noting the band "successfully managed the balancing act of having a foot in both the mainstream and Christian rock worlds." Matt Conner of CCM Magazine wrote that this was an album that "the sweet Southern Rock...captures the attention of all who hear it." At Christian Music Zine, Adrian Garza affirmed that listeners "enjoy music that sounds completely original, and unlike most of what they’ve ever heard", which the band do on the release. Jeremy V. Jones of Christianity Today said that the band has come "out guitars blazing on its fourth album, a muscular collection ready to shake arenas but paint their corners with warm southern and Americana gentility". Willoughby also believed strongly that this is the reason for the band's "huge appeal comes from the fact that they also straddle musical styles and can switch from tender alt-folk to swaggering pop rock." Jen Rose of Jesus Freak Hideout noted that the album "doesn't retread past material or stick to a formula", however, she stated that "something feels a little off on the first listen or two. Perhaps it's the darker, subdued feel overall that is unsettling at first, or maybe it's the lack of standout upbeat songs". In addition, Jesus Freak Hideout's Jerold Wallace agreed that this album was just not "retreading" the same stuff all over again, but does have "Like the past albums, each piece borrows heavily from southern influences with a firm rock foundation." Also, Wallace noted how "Bear consistently impresses, be it with emotional highs that evolve into growls or a falsetto that we have not heard much of before." This was why Louder Than the Music's Jono Davies noted this album was "creative indie rock at its best." At Rock News and Reviews, Alexandre Romero said the album was "a balanced mix between genres already experienced during their career performed better than ever, plus some innovation touches." Leahey noted that the album sound like "14 tracks are full of Bible allusions and parable-like lyrics." The Christian Manifesto's Lydia Akinola subscribed to the belief that this album "reads like a series of intimate thoughts put to poetry. More than the music, powerful lines hold the album together." In the thematic area, Akinola said that the album has "running theme[s] of redemption and grace that permeates" every part of the music. Critical reception {{Album ratings \|rev1 = AllMusic \|rev1score = \|rev2 = CCM Magazine \|rev2score = \|rev3 = The Christian Manifesto \|rev3score = \|rev4 = Christian Music Zine \|rev4score = \|rev5 = Christianity Today \|rev5score = \|rev6 = Cross Rhythms \|rev6score = \|rev7 = Jesus Freak Hideout \|rev7score = \|rev8 = Louder Than the Music \|rev8score= \|rev9 = Melodic \|rev9score= <ref name=net>{{cite web\|url=http://www.melodic.net/?page=review&id=10267\|title=Needtobreathe - The Reckoning\|last=Wippsson\|first=Johan\|date=September 20, 2011\|publisher=Melodic\|accessdate=January 8, 2012}}</ref> \|rev10 = New Release Tuesday \|rev10score = \|rev11 = Rock News and Reviews\|rev11score = }}The Reckoning garnered critical acclaim from music critics. Leahey of Allmusic rated the album four stars, and noted that the album is full of "big music" that the band "have the balls and brawn to pull it off well." At CCM Magazine, Conner rated the album four stars, and stated that the album "offers proof positive that this South Carolina train isn't slowing anytime soon." The Christian Manifesto's Akinola rated the album four-and-a-half stars, and highlighted that the band have "pulled out all the stops – with magnificent results. It is hard not to be impressed, even when really; you weren’t expecting not to be." Garza of Christian Music Zine rated the album four stars, and brought up the "it" factor, which he said no one exactly knows what that is, "but what I do know is that this record has loads of good songs, and is one of the closest to “it” that I’ve heard in a while." At Christianity Today, Jeremy V. Jones rated the album four stars, and said the band has "got swagger" but are humble at the same time. Cross Rhythms' John Willoughby rated the album nine squares out of ten, and called the album "A fine set." At Jesus Freak Hideout, Jen Rose rated the album four stars, and stated that the release was "a strong album" full of "intriguing, solid addition[s] to the catalog, even if it doesn't quite have the immediate spark of some of their past work...but for now, it is one worth the time to fully discover, whether as a newcomer or long-time listener." Jesus Freak Hideout's Wallace rated the album four-and-a-half stars, and advised "it may take some listeners a few spins before it settles in, but once it does it's arguably Needtobreathe's finest work to date", which adds "14 more solid entries into their catalog." At Louder Than The Music, Jono Davies rated the album a perfect five stars, and touted the music as "a creative set of songs, showing the world that indie rock can be at times dark, rocky and truthfully honest, but put that with great harmonies, interesting chord structures and savvy musicianship and you get a stunning set of songs for a very sturdy album." Melodic's Johan Wippsson rated the album four stars, and reasoned that the album was "almost in the same class [as The Outsiders] and to me also surprisingly well. Did not think the band would be able to follow up on "The Outsiders", but this is a very well-written album with a great deal of heart and soul." At New Release Tuesday, Kevin Davis rated the album a perfect five stars, and lauded the band for crafting a "ridiculously fantastic album on all levels. You can be sure this is a 5 star masterpiece that will propel NEEDTOBREATHE to major headliner status just like GRAMMY Award winning bands Train, Kings of Leon and Muse." Kevin McNeese also of New Release Tuesday's rated it the same, and noted the album had a tremendous amount of "passion in these songs is something very much akin to what has been driving [him] to Switchfoot as of late", and he got "absolutely engrossed by this album, and the more [he] unearthed, the more [he] discovered." Rock News and Reviewss Alexandre Romero rated the album four-and-a-half stars, and said of the album that it satisfied the "requests of older fans and returns triumphantly to their roots, but without getting away from the softer sound that pushed them to mainstream in recent years.", and the album was absolutely "An important step to the group towards [getting] critical and commercial acclaim" Track listing Original releaseNotes''' "Cops" and "Disaster Road" included on limited edition vinyl record. Currently, the vinyl records are only for sale at the band's concerts. The vinyl records are white. The parenthesis are what the band called each one of the sides. Keep Your Eyes Open EP Personnel Rick Beato – engineer, producer Tchad Blake – mixing Seth Bolt – engineer, mixing Anthony Delia – A&R Joshua Drake – photography Leland Elliott – engineer Mark Endert – mixing Pete Ganbarg – A&R Randall Harris – engineer Ted Jensen – mastering Ken Lanyon – engineer Eric Legg – engineer Ian MacGregor – engineer Needtobreathe – producer Aryanna Platt – A&R Bear Rinehart – Group Member Bo Rinehart – art direction, design, mixing Ryan Stukenbroeker – engineer Greg Wells – producer Charts Album Year-end charts Singles Tour The band completed The Reckoning Tour, which included the following stops.
Circus Fists	Circus Fists is a Sailor Steve Costigan short story by Robert E. Howard. It was originally published in the December 1931 issue of Fight Stories. The story is now in the public domain.
Iwate Development Railway	The is the freight only railway company in Ōfunato, Iwate, Japan. This is one of the oldest third sector (half public, half private) railway operator in the country, founded in 1932. Its group also operates bus lines. It also had a passenger service until 1992. The line mainly transports limestones from the mine to Taiheiyō Cement Ōfunato Factory. History The Iwate Development Railway Co. started construction of a 6km line to Hikoroichi (日頃市線) in 1941, but work was suspended as a result of the Pacific War. Work recommenced after the war and the line opened in 1950, and was extended 4km to Iwate-Ishibashi in 1960. A 2km freight-only line to Akasaki (赤崎線) opened in 1957. The passenger service ceased in 1992, and the lines are now freight-only.
Masai Ujiri	Masai Ujiri (born 7 July 1970) is an English-born Kenyan-Nigerian professional basketball executive and former player who is the president of basketball operations of the Toronto Raptors in the National Basketball Association (NBA). After a modest playing career, Ujiri became a scout in 2002, first for the Orlando Magic and then the Denver Nuggets. In 2008, he joined the backroom staff of the Toronto Raptors. Ujiri returned to the Nuggets in 2010 as general manager and executive vice president of basketball operations, and helped turn the team's fortunes around, returning them to the playoffs. As a result, he was named the NBA Executive of the Year in 2013. The following season, Ujiri returned to the Raptors as general manager. In the summer of 2018, Masai Ujiri relinquished his title as general manager to Bobby Webster, and accepted the position of president of basketball operations. As president of basketball operations Masai Ujiri worked to usher in a period of sustained success, helping the team win its first NBA championship in 2019. Early life Ujiri was born in Bournemouth, England, where his parents were studying. With the family moving back to Nigeria when he was two years old, he grew up in Zaria, Nigeria. Ujiri's father, a hospital administrator and nursing educator, was an Isoko from Aviara in Delta state, while his mother, a doctor, is a Kenyan from Machakos County. He originally played football (international) as a youth before stating his interest in basketball as a 13-year-old playing with friends on outdoor basketball courts in northern Nigeria. This interest would be fed by American sports magazines and VHS tapes of NBA games or basketball movies. He admired Hakeem Olajuwon, an NBA star who was also Nigerian. Entering high school, his parents allowed him to pursue his dream of playing college basketball and join a team in one of Europe’s top leagues. He left Nigeria to play for Nathan Hale High School in Seattle, WA while staying with a Nigerian family. After prep school, Ujiri enrolled and played two years of basketball at Bismarck State College, a junior college in North Dakota. After community college, he transferred to Montana State University Billings but left after one semester. He left Montana and returned to England to begin a pro career. Career Ujiri spent six years playing professionally in Europe. He played in Derby County in England for a year, then for a second-division team in Belgium and a team in Germany, followed by return stints in England and Belgium, then three months in Finland. He last played in Denmark. After ending a professional playing career in 2002, Ujiri worked as a youth coach in Nigeria. During an NBA summer league game in Boston, he met David Thorpe, who eventually introduced him to college coaches. In 2002, Ujiri was accompanying a young Nigerian player to a draft tryout in Orlando when he impressed Magic scouting director Gary Brokaw, who then introduced Ujiri to coach Doc Rivers and GM John Gabriel. Ujiri then became an unpaid scout for the NBA's Orlando Magic, paying his own way when he had to and sharing rooms with scouts or players when he could. Jeff Weltman, then a young executive with the Denver Nuggets, introduced Ujiri to Nuggets general manager Kiki Vandeweghe, who then hired Ujiri on salary as an international scout. After four seasons there, he was hired away by Bryan Colangelo of the Toronto Raptors as their Director of Global Scouting. Ujiri became the Raptors' assistant general manager in 2008, and returned to the Nuggets in 2010, when he accepted his position as general manager and executive vice president in charge of basketball operations. In 2013, Ujiri was named the NBA Executive of the Year for his work with the Nuggets, the only non-American ever to win the award. Toronto Raptors On May 31, 2013, Ujiri signed a 5-year, $15 million deal to become executive vice president and general manager of the Toronto Raptors, replacing Colangelo in that capacity. One of his first moves as Raptors GM was to trade away Andrea Bargnani to the New York Knicks. During Ujiri's tenure as general manager, the Raptors, led by the backcourt duo of Kyle Lowry and DeMar DeRozan, returned to the playoffs in 2014 and became a consistent playoff team every year, winning five Division titles and finishing the 2017-18 regular season with the best regular season record in the Eastern Conference. He also helped the team reach the Eastern Conference Finals for the first time in franchise history in 2016, where his contract was extended to act as the team's president. He later relinquished his title as general manager to Bobby Webster, and began reshaping the Raptors roster after suffering consecutive second-round eliminations in 2017 and 2018 (both four-game sweeps), all three playoff defeats at the hands of the Cleveland Cavaliers, led by LeBron James. Ujiri fired head coach Dwane Casey shortly after their 2018 2nd round exit to Lebron James and the Cavs (despite Casey being named Coach of the Year), promoting assistant Nick Nurse to head coach, conducted the high-profile trade of DeRozan for Kawhi Leonard and Danny Green later that summer, and acquired Marc Gasol before the trade deadline. The DeRozan-for-Leonard trade was initially controversial since DeRozan was the longest-tenured Raptor and fan favourite while Leonard had spent most of the 2017-18 season injured, along with his demand to be traded to a Los Angeles-based team only. However, the move paid off as the Raptors went on to win the 2019 NBA championship, their first title in the history of their franchise, and Leonard was named NBA Finals MVP. Activism Ujiri, then a scout for the Nuggets, founded Giants of Africa in 2003 with a goal to discover talent. The first camp was held in Nigeria. Ujiri has also been the director of the NBA's Basketball Without Borders Africa program, which promotes basketball throughout the continent. He also conducts two camps, one for the top 50 players of Nigeria, which is sponsored by Nestle Milo, and another for African big men, which Ujiri sponsors himself with help from Nike. Ujiri and Basketball Without Borders are profiled in Hubert Davis's 2016 documentary film Giants of Africa. Ujiri has taken personal offense to President Donald Trump's alleged comments about immigrants from places like Haiti and his homeland Nigeria, which Trump allegedly referred to as "shitholes". He noted that he didn't see how what President Trump said would be considered inspiring leadership, as well as it being unfair to those places and people that are there wanting to improve their life situations. On November 28, 2018, Ujiri received the first-ever President's Peace Medal presented by the YMCA of Greater Toronto during Peace Week , alongside YMCA Peace Medal honourees, Toronto police constable Dale Swift and mental health activist Loizza Aquino . In February 2020, Ujiri accompanied Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau on an official visit to various African nations, including Ethiopia and Senegal. Ujiri appeared on behalf of sport charity Right To Play at an event in the Senegalese capital, Dakar. Controversies Swearing during 2014 Eastern Conference Playoffs On April 19, 2014, at a fan rally prior to Game 1 of the first-round Eastern Conference playoff series against the Brooklyn Nets, Ujiri shouted, "F--- Brooklyn!" to the gathered crowd from the stage. During the halftime break of Game 1, Ujiri apologized for his comment while speaking with reporters. "Wrong choice of words out there," he said. "It is really not about me. It is about the players and the playoffs. Just trying to get the crowd out there rattled -- wrong choice of words. I apologize to kids out there and to the Brooklyn guys. Nothing against them. Just trying to get our fans going. That's it. I apologize for not taking any questions, but you know how I feel. I don't like 'em. I apologize." After early reports that Ujiri would only be issued a formal warning by the NBA, Commissioner Adam Silver, who attended Game 1, reconsidered and fined Ujiri $25,000. Swearing during 2015 Eastern Conference Playoffs Prior to the first-round Eastern Conference playoff series between the Washington Wizards and the Raptors, Wizards guard Paul Pierce stated in an interview with ESPN, "We haven't done particularly well against Toronto, but I don't feel they have the 'It' that makes you worried." On April 18, 2015, at a fan rally prior to Game 1, in response to Paul's comments, Ujiri shouted to the gathered crowd, "We don't give a s--t about 'it!'" NBA Commissioner Adam Silver, who was in attendance and acknowledged by Ujiri moments before the comment, fined Ujiri $35,000 and the Raptors organization another $25,000 for "for using obscene language in a public setting." Ujiri later apologized in a statement for his comments saying, "I have the deepest respect for Commissioner Silver and the NBA, and while showing passion for our team and fans I will choose my words more carefully in the future so as not to indicate otherwise. I apologize and have acknowledged the fine with the Commissioner. I consider the matter closed and our sole focus is on the playoffs." Altercation with Alameda County Sheriff's Office On June 13, 2019, just after the Toronto Raptors had clinched a 4-2 series win over the Golden State Warriors in the 2019 NBA Finals, Ujiri was captured on video in an altercation with an Alameda County Sheriff deputy. Sgt. Ray Kelly alleged that Ujiri failed to show proper credentials for access to the floor, and when stopped by the deputy, shoved him, saying that he made contact in response and that at which point Ujiri shoved him back also making contact with his face. Several bystanders and Oracle Arena security personnel intervened to separate the two. After a tense staredown between the men, which resulted in Ujiri being restrained from approaching the deputy, Kyle Lowry could be seen coming over to Ujiri and bringing him on to the court to celebrate with the team. Alternate angles of the incident show what appears to be Ujiri shouting in the direction of the deputy with his arm around Lowry after making his way onto the court. The department did not release footage depicting the start of the incident and furthermore announced that the body cam footage had happened to "switch off" when Ujiri allegedly struck the officer. The sergeant in question had also come under fire earlier in the year for retweeting American neo-nazi Richard Spencer to the Alameda County Sheriff’s Office official Twitter account, but stated that it was "accidental" and done while doing research on Spencer. Warriors season ticket holder Greg Wiener, who was seated near the altercation, alleged that the police officer used excessive force and put his hands on Ujiri first, while two other fans, Ben Baller and Lucas Abrenica, both sitting within 10 feet of the incident, also disputed the officer's version of events. In the videos, Ujiri can be seen with game credentials in his hand. However, the NBA had released a media advisory prior to the conclusion of the game stating that only personnel with gold armbands would be allowed on the court due to a visiting team winning. Many of the gold armbands were visible on photographers and executives on the court including members of the Raptors ownership but not in any angles of Ujiri during the incident. Following the altercation, the Alameda County Sheriff's Office stated that it would be recommending charges of battery against Ujiri. The deputy involved has claimed to have suffered a concussion from the incident. The office has declined to release full videos of the incident. If a report is filed, District Attorney Nancy O'Malley will decide whether to bring charges. The NBA and the Raptors organization said they are both gathering information on the incident. The investigation ended on September 21. Following a private meeting on October 21, 2019 with Ujiri, his attorneys and Assistant District Attorney Terry Wiley, which was held at the Sheriff's Department, Assistant District Attorney Teresa Drenick wrote in an email to the The Toronto Star that the District Attorney's office would not be "taking any further action".
Shorea asahii	Shorea asahii is a species of plant in the Dipterocarpaceae family. It is endemic to Borneo. Sources asahii
Vaibhav Mangle	Vaibhav Mangle () is a Marathi actor and Hindi film, television and stage actor, noted for his comic roles in Marathi theatre and Marathi films and television from India. Anand Ingle and Vaibhav Mangle are seen playing BL Pathak in Zee Marathi's TV series Shejari Shejari Pakke Shejari Television He is well known for his skits in Fu Bai Fu, a Marathi standup comedy TV show on Zee Marathi. He also plays the main role, along with Anand Ingle, in the comedy show Shejaari Shejaari Pakke Shejaari also aired on Zee Marathi. In this serial, he plays the character of Brijlal Pathak, also known as Birju. Also working in Shirdi Ke Saibaba, on SONY . Filmography His movies include Harishchandrachi Factory, Kaksparsh, Shikshanachya Aaicha Gho,Navra Maza Navsacha, Shahanpan Dega Deva, Fakta Ladh Mhana, Shala, Touring Talkies, Timepass are some of the successful movies in which he played an important role. Following table shows list of films Drama He played the main role in the Marathi play Ek Daav Bhatacha. He was also part of famous Marathi play Mukkam Post Bombilwadi. He played one of the lead roles in Albattya Galbattya and Iblis.
About Religion	About Religion was a UK religious affairs programme on Associated Television (ATV) 1958-1965. It was usually hosted by interviewer Julian Grenfell, with David King and John Brooking. An anthology of interviews was published in 1963.
Taisida, California	Taisida (also, Taichida, Taitcedawi, and Tychedas) is a former Maidu settlement a few miles south of Marysville, California in Yuba County. Its precise location is unknown.
Jessica Davenport	Jessica Davenport, born June 24, 1985, is an American basketball player, formerly a reserve center for the WNBA's Indiana Fever. She previously played for The Ohio State University's women's basketball team. High school Davenport played for Independence High School in Columbus, Ohio, where she was named a WBCA All-American. She participated in the 2003 WBCA High School All-America Game where she scored eight points. College Davenport is 6'5" tall and weighs 215 pounds. Noted for her blocking and rebounding ability, she guided Ohio State to a 29–3 season and a number 1 seed in the NCAA tournament in 2005. Ohio State statistics Source USA Basketball Davenport was a member of the United States women's national basketball team in 2005 and 2006, while at Ohio state, and in 2007 and 2008 while on the New York Liberty team. Davenport was the third leading scorer on the 2005 World University Games Team in Izmir, Turkey. She helped the team to a 7–0 record, and a gold medal at the event. Davenport joined the National team in 2006 for the 2006 Opals World Challenge. The team went 4–1. winning all games other than the final against Australia. Davenport was also part of the National team in 2007–08, participating on the Tour of Italy and the Australia Exhibition. The National team was 4–0 on the Tour of Italy and 2–0 at the Australia Exhibition. Professional Davenport was drafted second overall by the San Antonio Silver Stars in the 2007 WNBA Draft. Immediately thereafter, Davenport's rights were traded to the New York Liberty along with the Silver Stars' 2008 first round draft pick in exchange for guard Becky Hammon and the Liberty's second round pick in 2008. Within the Liberty's first five games, she developed a reputation as a consistent scorer and strong post presence. Davenport was waived by the Liberty prior to the 2009 season. She was signed by the Fever as a replacement for the injured Yolanda Griffith. Davenport has expressed a desire to pursue a career in marketing at the conclusion of her basketball career. Notes External links Jessica Davenport Player Profile from The Ohio State University website
Ministry of Mines (Myanmar)	The Ministry of Mines (; abbreviated MOM) administers Burma's mineral resources extraction, production, and export policies. Ministry of Mines is currently led by Myint Aung, who was appointed by President Thein Sein on 7 September 2012.
Jerry L. White Center High School	Jerry L. White Center High School is a high school in Detroit, Michigan. It is a part of Detroit Public Schools. The school serves students with disabilities aged 14–19. It includes severely cognitively impaired, severely multiply impaired, moderately cognitively impaired, visually impaired, and hearing-impaired students. It was established in 2005.
Håkan von Eichwald	Håkan Ingvar von Eichwald (April 2, 1908, Turku – May 1, 1964, Malmö) was a Finnish-Swedish bandleader and conductor. He led dance bands which featured some of Sweden's most prominent early jazz musicians, and later became a conductor of symphonic and operatic works. Von Eichwald was born into a Russian-Finnish noble family in Finland but lived most of his life in Sweden. He learned to play piano as a toddler and was playing public concerts at age six. By his late teens he was leading theater ensembles in Stockholm, and in 1930 began leading a dance band at the club Kaos. He led this group until 1932 and recorded with it; two years later, Arne Hülphers took over this group. He formed a new ensemble in 1936, which toured western Europe and recorded several times. Von Eichwald's ensembles featured musicians who were pivotal to Swedish jazz, including Charlie Norman, Thore Ehrling, Zilas Görling, and Gösta Theselius. After the 1940s, von Eichwald devoted himself to more formal music idioms. He led symphony orchestras and conducted light opera productions, and also did work in scoring Swedish films (including Hjärter Knekt).
Kennett Square, Pennsylvania	Kennett Square is a borough in Chester County, Pennsylvania, United States. It is known as the Mushroom Capital of the World because mushroom farming in the region produces over a million pounds of mushrooms a year, totaling half of the United States mushroom crop. To celebrate this heritage, Kennett Square has an annual Mushroom Festival, where the town shuts down to have a parade, tour mushroom farms, and buy and sell food and other goods. It is also home to the corporate headquarters of Genesis HealthCare which administers elderly care facilities. The local high school is Kennett High School. Its population was 6,072 at the 2010 census. History The area to become known as Kennett Square was originally inhabited by the Lenape Native Americans. The town was originally called Kennet Square, with the name "Kennet", England, and "Square" coming from the original land grant from William Penn of one square mile. General Sir William Howe marched through Kennett to the Battle of Brandywine during the American Revolution. It was also known as an important part of the Underground Railroad, which helped slaves escaping to the North for freedom. Many of its prominent citizens helped slaves escape on the Underground Railroad. In 1853, a group asked for Kennett Square to be incorporated, and by 1855 it held elections. Kennett Square's founder is credited with introducing mushroom growing to the area. He grew carnations, a popular local commodity around 1885, and wanted to make use of the wasted space under the elevated beds. He imported spawn from Europe and started experimenting with mushroom cultivation. Kennett Square is the subject and setting of the novel The Story of Kennett, written by 19th-century American author Bayard Taylor, who lived nearby at Cedarcroft. Geography Kennett Square is located at (39.844104, −75.710654). According to the United States Census Bureau, the borough has a total area of , all of it land other than two small lakes. Demographics At the 2010 census, the borough was 42.8% non-Hispanic White, 7.2% Black or African American, 0.4% Native American, 0.8% Asian, and 3.3% were two or more races. 48.8% of the population were of Hispanic or Latino ancestry. As of the census of 2010, there were 6,072 people, 1,868 households, and 1,242 families residing in the borough. The population density was 4,679.2 people per square mile (1,801.7/km²). There were 1,967 housing units at an average density of 1,745.5 per square mile (672.1/km²). The racial makeup of the borough was 73.58% White, 10.26% African American, 0.09% Native American, 1.63% Asian, 12.48% from other races, and 1.95% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 27.88% of the population. There were 1,868 households, out of which 30.2% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.2% were married couples living together, 11.8% had a female householder with no husband present, and 33.5% were non-families. Of all households 28.2% were made up of individuals, and 11.9% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.77 and the average family size was 3.39. In the borough the population was spread out, with 24.8% under the age of 18, 10.2% from 18 to 24, 31.0% from 25 to 44, 20.1% from 45 to 64, and 13.8% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 35 years. For every 100 females, there were 98.6 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 96.8 males. The median income for a household in the borough was $46,523, and the median income for a family was $54,948. Males had a median income of $35,978 versus $27,246 for females. The per capita income for the borough was $22,292. About 7.5% of families and 9.0% of the population were below the poverty line, including 11.9% of those under age 18 and 10.4% of those age 65 or over. Government The borough is governed by the Council-Manager form of government. There are seven Council Members and a mayor who are elected by the citizens. The Borough Manager is an employee of the Borough, hired by the Council. The present interim Borough manager is Joseph Scalise. Events The Kennett Mushroom Festival is held annually in early September. The festival has been highlighted on Food TV. Annual parades are held on Memorial Day, Halloween, and before the Christmas holidays. Kennett Square celebrates Cinco de Mayo, which is organized by Casa Guanajuato, and other local companies. A free summer concert series is held on Wednesday evenings at the beautiful (over 100 acre) Anson B Nixon park. In mid-May, the famous Kennett Run occurs that ends at the Park pavilion. The Kennett Brewfest is held each Fall, featuring unlimited tastings of select brewers pouring different, rare, exclusive, limited, or seasonal beers. The local art galleries, studios, and independent boutiques participate in First Friday Art Strolls each month, presented by Historic Kennett Square. During temperate months there is an outdoor farmers market at the Genesis Walkway on State St. every Friday afternoon. These are but a few of the events for families and visitors throughout the year. Education Kennett Square schools are all part of the Kennett Consolidated School District. This grouping of districts was the first consolidation of schools in the history of Pennsylvania (website). Students enrolled in kindergarten attend the Mary D. Lang Kindergarten Center (website). Grades 1 through 5 attend either Greenwood Elementary, () Bancroft Elementary () or New Garden Elementary. For grades 6 through 8, all students attend Kennett Middle School (website). For grades 9 through 12, students then attend Kennett High School. Some homes, north of the US Route 1 by-pass, just north of Kennett Square, are assigned to the Unionville-Chadds Ford School District. Unionville High school, the only one in the Unionville-Chadds Ford School District, is located on Unionville Road (Pennsylvania State Route 82) approximately 2 miles north of the Borough of Kennett Square. Media Kennett Square has three newspapers which cover local news, The Chester County Press (website), covering portions of the county, the Kennett Paper, (website), covering Kennett Square and environs, and the Daily Local News, a daily, covering the entire county. There are also two print magazines, Fig Kennett (figkennett.com) and Kennett Square Today (website). There is an internet radio station, BrandywineRadio.com, headquartered in the center of town which started on June 2, 2008. It focuses on local news, weather, traffic, and sports in the Brandywine Valley including Chester County, Delaware County, and New Castle County, DE. Notable people Marino Auriti (1891–1980), artist and mechanic best known as the creator of The Encyclopedic Palace of the World Pat Ciarrocchi (born 1953), broadcast journalist Bartholomew Fussell (1794-1871), Abolitionist active in the Underground Railroad, Early advocate for careers of women in medicine Mike Grady (1869–1943), Major League Baseball player Doris Grumbach (born 1918), writer John Honnold (1915-2011), law professor at the University of Pennsylvania Law School Bruce Johnston (criminal) (1939–2002), head of notorious Johnston Gang Herb Pennock (1894–1948), Hall of Fame baseball pitcher also known as the Squire of Kennett Square Jessica Savitch (1947–1983), broadcast journalist William Marshall Swayne (1828–1918), sculptor Bayard Taylor (1825–1878), writer Collin Walsh (born 1992), musician with the pop punk band Grayscale Harry Whitney (1873–1936), Arctic hunter, author, and adventurer Points of interest Anson B Nixon Park East Penn Railroad Kennett Meetinghouse Kennett Area YMCA Longwood Gardens Talula's Table
Coppa Italia (futsal)	The Coppa Italia is an annual cup competition for Italian futsal teams. It is Organized by the Divisione Calcio a 5, was founded in the season 1985–1986, is disputed between the first eight classified at the moment of half-season and is disputed in a neutral venue in different cities every year. Current Formula The first eight classified after the first half of the season are grouped into two groups: group A and group B. Group A are the first four of the standings, while in group B are the fifth to eighth place teams. In the quarterfinals, a team from each group with face off against each other with the winners moving on to the next round. In the event of a tie, there will be two extra times of 5 minutes each. If still tied at the end of the extra times then there will be a penalty shootout. Season by season Number of titles
FC Nikopol	FC Nikopol is a professional Ukrainian football club from the city of Nikopol, Dnipropetrovsk oblast and Makiivka, Donetsk Oblast before 2015. Another FC Nikopol has existed in Nikopol prior to relocation of FC Makiivvuhillya. History Makiyivvuhillya (Makeyevugol) It should be mentioned that previously Makiivvuhillya was represented by a team of the Bazhanov coal mine known as FC Shakhtar Makiivka. The current club was formed in Makiivka in 2009 and became professional in 2011 entering the Professional Football League of Ukraine and was basid in Makiivka under the name FC Makiyivvuhillya Makiyivka. The name of the club is associated Makiyivka's coal industry, since the city of Makiyivka is close proximity to the city of Donetsk. The football team was created out of the state mining enterprise Makiyivvuhillya in the summer of 2009 to participate in the Coal Industry Cup. In the finals of the Coal Industry Cup, a tournament which Makiyivka defeated SE "Dzerzhynskvuhillya." After the event the company decided to continue supporting the football team, with general director Stanislav Tolchin becoming the honorary president of football club. The President of the club became Anatoly Akimochkin and head coach was Spartak Zhyhulin. In the winter of 2009 Makiyivvuhillya won the city championship in Makiyivka and finished 3rd in the Donetsk oblast championship. In 2010 the team became a finalist of the Coal Industry Cup (losing to FC Shakhtar Sverdlovsk) and 3rd place again in the Donetsk oblast championship. In 2011, the team participated in the Ukrainian Amateur championship. In the Second League the club played its home games at the Bazhanovets Stadium, which was also used by the former Soviet/Ukrainian club Shakhtar Makiyivka (also known as Bazhanovets) but the stadium was found lacking in facilities. Later the club played at Metalurh Stadium in Yenakiieve. Nikopol-NPHU In 2014 the club was forced to relocate to Nikopol, Dnipropetrovsk Oblast, due to the 2014 Russian aggression against Ukraine. It also lost its main sponsor Makiyivvuhillya, but in Nikopol the club was taken under its wing the Independent Trade Union of Miners of Ukraine (NPHU) which added own abbreviation to the club's name as Makeyevugol-NPHU. After the 2014–15 season the club formally withdrew from the PFL and reentered under the name of FC Nikopol-NPHU. The club plays at the stadium of FC Elektrometalurh-NZF Nikopol, while trains at the stadium of FC Kolos Chkalove from Chkalove. FC Nikopol During the winter break of the 2016–17 Ukrainian Second League season the club renamed themselves to FC Nikopol. Other clubs in Nikopol In Nikopol is another FC Nikopol that participated in the 2007 Ukrainian Amateur Cup and place third in football championships of Dnipropetrovsk Oblast in 2009 and 2013. Both FC Nikopol and FC Kolos Chkalove were withdrawn from the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast championship in 2015. Stadiums League and cup history {\|class="wikitable" \|-bgcolor="#efefef" ! Season ! Div. ! Pos. ! Pl. ! W ! D ! L ! GS ! GA ! P !Domestic Cup !colspan=2\|Europe !Notes \|-bgcolor=SteelBlue \|align=center\|2011 \|align=center\|4th \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|2 \|align=center\|2 \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|2011–12 \|align=center\|3rd "B" \|align=center\|14 \|align=center\|26 \|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|2 \|align=center\|19 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center\| finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center rowspan="2"\|2012–13 \|align=center\|3rd "B" \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|24 \|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|2 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center\|21 \|align=center\|58 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center rowspan=2\| finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|3rd "4" \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|32 \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|3 \|align=center\|21 \|align=center\|32 \|align=center\|71 \|align=center\|27 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\|Relegation group \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|2013–14 \|align=center\|3rd \|align=center\|13 \|align=center\|36 \|align=center\|13 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|17 \|align=center\|33 \|align=center\|47 \|align=center\|45 \|align=center\| finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|2014–15 \|align=center\|3rd \|align=center\|8 \|align=center\|27 \|align=center\|5 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|16 \|align=center\|23 \|align=center\|45 \|align=center\|21 \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\|moved to Nikopol \|- \|colspan=14 align=center\|reorganized as FC Nikopol-NPHU \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|2015–16 \|align=center\|3rd \|align=center\|14 \|align=center\|26 \|align=center\|2 \|align=center\|6 \|align=center\|18 \|align=center\|18 \|align=center\|51 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\| finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|- \|colspan=14 align=center\|renamed as FC Nikopol \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|2016–17 \|align=center\|3rd \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\| 32 \|align=center\| 12 \|align=center\| 5 \|align=center\|15 \|align=center\|40 \|align=center\|49 \|align=center\|41 \|align=center\| finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|2017–18 \| align="center" \|3rd "B" \|align=center\|7 \|align=center\|33 \|align=center\|11 \|align=center\|12 \|align=center\|10 \|align=center\|36 \|align=center\|34 \|align=center\|45 \|align=center\| finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \|align=center\|2018–19 \| align="center" \|3rd "B" \|align=center\|10 \|align=center\|27 \|align=center\|3 \|align=center\|4 \|align=center\|20 \|align=center\|15 \|align=center\|54 \|align=center\|13 \|align=center\| finals \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|align=center\| \|-bgcolor=PowderBlue \| align="center" \|2019–20 \| align="center" \|3rd "B" \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \|align=center\| finals \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \| align="center" \| \|} Coaches Makiivvuhillya 2009-2009 Ihor Yefremenko 2009-2015 Spartak Zhyhulin Nikopol-NHPU 2015-2016 Serhiy Zhytskyi 2016-2016 Serhiy Valyayev 2016- Hryhoriy Varzhelenko
Renia Spiegel	Renia Spiegel (18 June 1924 – 30 July 1942) was a Jewish Polish diarist who was killed during World War II in the Holocaust. Spiegel's diary, kept between the ages of 15 and 18, documents her experience as a teenager living in the city of Przemyśl through World War II as conditions for Jews deteriorated. Spiegel wrote about ordinary topics such as school, friendships, and romance, as well as about her fear of the growing war and about being forced to move into the Przemyśl ghetto. As a diary about the Holocaust, it is unique in that it chronicles experiences under both Soviet and Nazi rule. Though it was in the possession of Spiegel's family for decades, the diary was not read by others until 2012, and was first published in English in 2019. Life Renia Spiegel was born on 18 June 1924 in Uhryńkowce, then in Poland and now in western Ukraine, to Polish-Jewish parents Bernard Spiegel and Róża Maria Leszczyńska. She grew up on her father's large estate on the Dniester River near the border between Poland and Romania, along with a sister six years younger than her, Ariana (now Elizabeth Bellak), who was a child film star in Poland. In 1938, Spiegel's mother sent her to live with her grandparents in the town of Przemyśl, Poland, while she herself moved to Warsaw to promote Ariana's acting career. Ariana was sent to join Spiegel in Przemyśl during the summer of 1938. Spiegel's grandmother owned a stationery store and her grandfather was a construction contractor. In August 1939, the Molotov–Ribbentrop Pact and the subsequent Nazi invasion of Poland made it impossible for the two girls and their mother to reach each other. Spiegel's father, Bernard, had stayed on the family estate and subsequently disappeared during the ensuing war. Separated from their parents, Ariana later said that Spiegel "was like a mother to me." As the war continued on, Spiegel attended school and socialized in Przemyśl, and in 1940 began to develop a romantic relationship with Zygmunt Schwarzer, the son of a prominent Jewish physician who was two years older than she. Spiegel referred to Schwarzer with the nickname "Zygu". When the Przemyśl ghetto was established July 1942, Spiegel moved in along with 24,000 other Jews. After about two weeks, Schwarzer, who worked with the local resistance, secretly removed Spiegel from the ghetto and hid her and his own parents in the attic of his uncle's house because they had not received the work permits they would need in order to avoid deportation to concentration camps. An unknown informant told Nazi police about the hiding place, who executed the eighteen-year-old Spiegel along with Schwarzer's parents in the street on July 30, 1942. Spiegel's mother, sister, and Schwarzer all survived the war and emigrated to the United States. Diary and publication History of the diary Spiegel began to keep her diary on January 31, 1939 when she was fifteen years old. The nearly 700-page diary was mostly kept in secret, and was made of seven school exercise books sewn together. The diary largely discusses Spiegel's everyday school, social, and family life in Przemyśl, touching in particular on her distress at being separated from her mother, her romantic relationship with Zygmunt Schwarzer, fear around the growing war, and the terror of moving into the ghetto. In addition to handwritten entries, the diary contains drawings and original poems. In her final entry on July 25, 1942, Spiegel wrote:My dear diary, my good, beloved friend! We’ve gone through such terrible times together and now the worst moment is upon us. I could be afraid now. But the One who didn’t leave us then will help us today too. He’ll save us. Hear, O, Israel, save us, help us. You’ve kept me safe from bullets and bombs, from grenades. Help me survive! And you, my dear mamma, pray for us today, pray hard. Think about us and may your thoughts be blessed.At the end of July, Schwarzer took possession of the diary and wrote the final entries about hiding Spiegel outside the ghetto and about her death: "Three shots! Three lives lost! All I can hear are shots, shots." Schwarzer left the diary with someone else before he was subsequently sent to the Auschwitz concentration camp. After surviving the camp, Schwarzer brought the diary to the United States, and gave it to Spiegel's mother in 1950. Spiegel's sister Elizabeth (née Ariana) Bellak came into possession of the diary in 1969, and stored it in a bank vault until 2012. Publication Though it was in the possession of Spiegel's family for decades, the diary was not read by others until 2012, when Bellak's daughter, Alexandra Renata Bellak, a Manhattan realtor, had it translated to English for the first time by Anna Blasiak and Marta Dziurosz. The diary was published in Polish in 2016 and has since inspired a Polish stage play. Excerpts were first published in English in Smithsonian magazine in 2018. The first full 90,000-word English publication is titled Renia’s Diary: A Young Girl’s Life in the Shadow of the Holocaust, published in the United Kingdom on September 19, 2019 by Ebury Publishing, and distributed by Penguin Books. In the United States, it is titled Renia's Diary: A Holocaust Journal, and was published by St. Martin's Press and distributed by Macmillan Publishers on September 24, 2019. The publication contains a prologue and epilogue by Elizabeth Bellak. This edition was published in Spanish by Plaza & Janés on December 17, 2019. The diary is also the subject of a documentary film directed by Tomasz Magierski titled Broken Dreams. The film premiered at the United Nations in New York City as part of its Holocaust remembrance program. The film opened at a Polish cinema on September 18, 2019. Reception Journalists have compared and contrasted Spiegel's diary with that of Anne Frank, with Robin Shulman of Smithsonian noting that "Renia was a little older and more sophisticated ... She was also living out in the world instead of in seclusion." Also writing for Smithsonian, Brigit Katz said that both Frank and Spiegel were "lucid writers, articulate and insightful in spite of their young age." The Columbia University professor Anna Frajlich-Zajac called the diary "an incredible historical and psychological document, as well as an authentic literary achievement." Writing for The New York Times, Joanna Berendt said, "At a moment when basic agreement over simple truths has become a political battleground and history a weapon, the publication of the book, 'Renia’s Diary,' offers a reminder of the power of bearing witness."
Alison Rodger	Alison Rodger FRSC FRACI CChem (born November 21, 1959) is a Professor of Chemistry at Macquarie University. Her research considers biomacromolecular structures and their characterisation. She is currently developing Raman Linear Difference Spectroscopy and fluorescence detected liner dichroism to understand biomacromolecular structure and interactions with application to the division of bacterial cells. Early life and education Rodger was born in Edinburgh to John and Margaret McDougall. She earned her bachelor's, PhD and DSc from University of Sydney. She was awarded the University of Sydney University Medal for theoretical chemistry. Whilst a student, Roger developed Classical Selection Rule (CSR), a procedure that can be used to analyse reaction mechanisms. In 1985 she completed a diploma in Biblical Studies at Moore Theological College. She gained a master's degree at the University of Oxford in 1988. She moved to the University of Warwick for a second DSc, and earned a bachelor's degree in theology at the University of Chester. Rodger was appointed a Beatrice Dale Fellowship at Newnham College, Cambridge from 1985 to 1988. Research and career In 1985 Rodger joined Newnham College Cambridge as a Beatrice Dale Research fellow. 1988 Rodger she moved to the University of Oxford as a Unilever Fellow in St Catherine's College. She moved to St Hilda's College in 1991. She developed the UK's first Couette flow linear dichroism facilities. In 1994 Rodger joined the University of Warwick as a Lecturer. She was made a Senior Lecturer in 1998, a Reader in 2003 and a Professor in 2005. Rodger was Head of the Department of Chemistry at the University of Warwick from 2014 to 2016. She was the only woman academic in the Physical Chemistry Laboratory at Oxford and the Department of Chemistry at the University of Warwick for over 11 years. She has been involved with several initiatives to improve gender balance in academic chemistry, including Athena SWAN and a European partnership, PLOTINA (Promoting Gender Balance and Inclusion in Research, Innovation and Training). PLOTINA looked to drive cultural change by developing diverse, inclusive work environments. Under Rodger's leadership, Warwick achieved the fourth institution to achieve silver Athena SWAN status. She was the founder and Director of the Doctoral Training Centre in Molecular Organisation and Assembly in Cells. The Doctoral Training Centre was one of the first EPSRC-funded DTCs. She developed a postgraduate certificate in transferable skills to support early career researchers. Rodger is interested in how the structure and arrangement of biomolecules impact their function. She developed the technology for UV- Linear Dichroism spectroscopy. Her lab became the national and international hub of Couette flow Linear Dichroism, allowing scientists to obtain structural and kinetic information about several systems. She demonstrated that it is possible to orient membrane systems of liposomes. Rodgers developed Raman Linear Difference Spectroscopy to study the division of bacterial cells. She designed a new instrument that could measure Raman optical activity and Raman Linear Difference Spectroscopy in an effort to probe the secondary and tertiary structures of biomacromolecules. Her research in the UK was supported by the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council. Rodger serves on the Advisory Board of the Protein Circular Dichroism Data Bank. In 2015 she was named on the Analytical Science Power List. She joined the council at St John's College, Nottingham in 2015. Rodger completed a bachelor's degree in Theology at St John's College whilst working as a Professor of Biophysical Chemistry. She serves on the Australian Research Council Science and Technology Advisory Panel. She moved to Macquarie University in 2017, where she is establishing an open-access biophysical spectroscopy facility for collaborators. Alongside investigating circular dichroism of biomacrmolecules, Rodgers has studied molecular electronic systems. She co-led the UK Circular and Linear Dichroism Summer School for over 10 years. She was a member of the Royal Society of Chemistry Council until she left the Uk in 2017. She was very involved in Athena SWAN in the UK and is part of the Athena SWAN expansion in Australia, SAGE. Books 2017 Circular Dichroism and Linear Dichroism 2014 Molecular Geometry 2010 Linear Dichroism and Circular Dichroism: A Textbook on Polarized-light Spectroscopy Personal life Rodgers is married with two children.
The Hermitage (Charles Town, West Virginia)	The Hermitage near Charles Town, West Virginia is historic property which includes several buildings, as well as non-contributing tennis courts and a pool. The oldest structure is a small stone cottage dating to circa 1734, making it one of the oldest buildings in West Virginia. It resembles Prato Rio in nearby Leetown, West Virginia and may date to this property's first owner, Daniel Barnett, who was a partner in the Burr Iron Works (a/k/a the Bloomery forge) circa 1740, the first of its kind in the state. A stone privy is also believed to be the oldest structure of its kind in the state. The two story wooden farmhouse (incorporating an old log structure in the back) is associated primarily with the Chew family, who moved into the house from Loudoun County, Virginia in the mid-19th century, when Roger Preston Chew was three. The L-shape is due to an incorporated stone cookhouse wing. As a Virginia Military Institute cadet, Chew helped control crowds attending the execution of John Brown after his raid on nearby Harper's Ferry. Col. Roger Chew later became a distinguished Confederate artillery and cavalry officer. During the American Civil War, Chew's flying artillery was engaged in more skirmishes and battles than any battery in the Confederate Army, and Col. Chew eventually commanded five battalions of two batteries. Both Roger and his brother Robert (who also served in the Confederate light artillery), rebuilt the estate after the war's end, and the interior was extensively remodeled during the Victorian era. In 1871, Chew married Louise Fontaine Washington, daughter of the last owner of Mount Vernon, at Blakeley. He then became an important business man in the area, as well as a delegate to the West Virginia Legislature from 1882-1888.
Bibliographical Society	Founded in 1892, The Bibliographical Society is the senior learned society dealing with the study of the book and its history in the United Kingdom. Largely owing to the efforts of Walter Arthur Copinger, who was supported by Richard Copley Christie, the Bibliographical Society was founded in London in 1892; he was the society's first president, and held the post for four years. His own work in the field, however, lacked accuracy. The Society holds a monthly lecture between October and May, usually on the third Tuesday of the month at University College London. The first fifty years of the Bibliographical Society were documented in the book The Bibliographical Society, 1892–1942: Studies in Retrospect. The Book Encompassed, a volume of essays marking the Society's centenary was published in 1992. Objectives The objectives of the Society are: to promote and encourage study and research in the fields of: historical, analytical, descriptive and textual bibliography the history of printing, publishing, bookselling, bookbinding and collecting to hold meetings at which papers are read and discussed to print and publish a journal (The Library) and books concerned with bibliography to maintain a bibliographical library from time to time to award a medal for services to bibliography to support bibliographical research by awarding grants and bursaries Library and archives The Society's library was housed at Stationers' Hall in the City of London but moved to Senate House in January 2007 where it is now available alongside the resources of the Senate House Libraries. The Society's archive is housed at the Bodleian Library and may be used by scholars and members of the Society. Publications The Society has published a journal since 1893, originally entitled Transactions of the Bibliographical Society. In 1920 it took over publication of The Library (issued since 1889) and adopted that as the main title of the Transactions. (The Library was founded in 1889 by John Young Walker MacAlister.) The different series of the Transactions and The Library are: Transactions of the Bibliographical Society, vol. 1–15 (1893–1919) The Library, vol. 1–10 (1889–1898) The Library, Second/New series, vol. 1–10 (1900–1910) The Library, Third series, vol. 1–10 (1910–1919) The Library, Fourth series, vol. 1–26 (1920–1946) The Library, Fifth series, vol. 1–33 (1946–1978) The Library, Sixth series, vol. 1–21 (1979–1999) The Library, Seventh series, vol. 1– (2000– ) The Library (; ) is a quarterly journal and is issued free to members who also receive a copy of all books published by the Society. In 1937 at the start of the war, Harry Carter (typographer), Ellic Howe, Alfred F. Johnson, Stanley Morison & Graham Pollard started to produce a list of all known pre-1800 type specimens. This project was completed and published April 1940. Because of the war many libraries at the European continent were not accessible anymore. Gold medal The Society occasionally awards a gold medal for distinguished services to bibliography to individuals who have made an outstanding contribution to the development of the subject and the furtherance of the Society's aims.
OR2V2	Olfactory receptor 2V2 is a protein that in humans is encoded by the OR2V2 gene. Olfactory receptors interact with odorant molecules in the nose, to initiate a neuronal response that triggers the perception of a smell. The olfactory receptor proteins are members of a large family of G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) arising from single coding-exon genes. Olfactory receptors share a 7-transmembrane domain structure with many neurotransmitter and hormone receptors and are responsible for the recognition and G protein-mediated transduction of odorant signals. The olfactory receptor gene family is the largest in the genome. The nomenclature assigned to the olfactory receptor genes and proteins for this organism is independent of other organisms.
Liyen Chong	Liyen Chong (born 1979) is a New Zealand artist of Chinese-Malaysian descent. Her work is held in the permanent collections of the Christchurch Art Gallery, the University of Canterbury and the National Gallery of Australia. Biography Chong grew up in Malaysia and China, and migrated to New Zealand in her mid-teens. She completed a master's degree in fine arts at the University of Canterbury School of Fine Arts in Christchurch in 2003. In 2005, she moved to Auckland. In 2011, Chong was awarded the prestigious McCahon House Artist's Residency and was artist in residence at McCahon House in Titirangi, Auckland and Tylee Cottage, Whanganui. In 2012 and 2015, she received Asia New Zealand Foundation residencies at the Goyang Art Studio in Seoul, South Korea, and Cemeti Art House in Yogyakarta, Indonesia, respectively. Chong has become known for her detailed embroidered "drawings" that use human hair as thread; she also works with painted ceramics and prints.
Potala Palace	The Potala Palace is a dzong fortress in the city of Lhasa, in Tibet. It was the winter palace of the Dalai Lamas from 1649 to 1959, has been a museum since then, and is a World Heritage Site since 1994. The palace is named after Mount Potalaka, the mythical abode of the bodhisattva Avalokiteśvara. The 5th Dalai Lama started its construction in 1645 after one of his spiritual advisers, Konchog Chophel (died 1646), pointed out that the site was ideal as a seat of government, situated as it is between Drepung and Sera monasteries and the old city of Lhasa. It may overlay the remains of an earlier fortress called the White or Red Palace on the site, built by Songtsen Gampo in 637. The building measures east-west and north-south, with sloping stone walls averaging thick, and thick at the base, and with copper poured into the foundations to help proof it against earthquakes. Thirteen storeys of buildings, containing over 1,000 rooms, 10,000 shrines and about 200,000 statues, soar on top of Marpo Ri, the "Red Hill", rising more than in total above the valley floor. Tradition has it that the three main hills of Lhasa represent the "Three Protectors of Tibet". Chokpori, just to the south of the Potala, is the soul-mountain () of Vajrapani, Pongwari that of Manjusri, and Marpori, the hill on which the Potala stands, represents Avalokiteśvara. History The site on which the Potala Palace rises is built over a palace erected by Songtsen Gampo on the Red Hill. The Potala contains two chapels on its northwest corner that conserve parts of the original building. One is the Phakpa Lhakhang, the other the Chogyel Drupuk, a recessed cavern identified as Songtsen Gampo's meditation cave. Lozang Gyatso, the Great Fifth Dalai Lama, started the construction of the modern Potala Palace in 1645 after one of his spiritual advisers, Konchog Chophel (died 1646), pointed out that the site was ideal as a seat of government, situated as it is between Drepung and Sera monasteries and the old city of Lhasa. The external structure was built in 3 years, while the interior, together with its furnishings, took 45 years to complete. The Dalai Lama and his government moved into the Potrang Karpo ('White Palace') in 1649. Construction lasted until 1694, some twelve years after his death. The Potala was used as a winter palace by the Dalai Lama from that time. The Potrang Marpo ('Red Palace') was added between 1690 and 1694. The new palace got its name from a hill on Cape Comorin at the southern tip of India—a rocky point sacred to the bodhisattva of compassion, who is known as Avalokitesvara, or Chenrezi. The Tibetans themselves rarely speak of the sacred place as the "Potala", but rather as "Peak Potala" (Tse Potala), or most commonly as "the Peak". The palace was moderately damaged during the Tibetan uprising against the Chinese in 1959, when Chinese shells were launched into the palace's windows. Before Chamdo Jampa Kalden was shot and taken prisoner by soldiers of the People's Liberation Army, he witnessed "Chinese cannon shells began landing on Norbulingka past midnight on March 19th, 1959... The sky lit up as the Chinese shells hit the Chakpori Medical College and the Potala." It also escaped damage during the Cultural Revolution in 1966 through the personal intervention of Zhou Enlai, who was then the Premier of the People's Republic of China. Tibetan activist Tsering Woeser claims that the palace, which harboured "over 100,000 volumes of scriptures and historical documents" and "many store rooms for housing precious objects, handicrafts, paintings, wall hangings, statues, and ancient armour", "was almost robbed empty". On the other hand, tibetologist Amy Heller writes that "the invaluable library and artistic treasures accumulated over the centuries in the Potala have been preserved." The Potala Palace was inscribed to the UNESCO World Heritage List in 1994. In 2000 and 2001, Jokhang Temple and Norbulingka were added to the list as extensions to the sites. Rapid modernisation has been a concern for UNESCO, however, which expressed concern over the building of modern structures immediately around the palace which threaten the palace's unique atmosphere. The Chinese government responded by enacting a rule barring the building of any structure taller than 21 metres in the area. UNESCO was also concerned over the materials used during the restoration of the palace, which commenced in 2002 at a cost of RMB180 million (US$22.5 million), although the palace's director, Qiangba Gesang, has clarified that only traditional materials and craftsmanship were used. The palace has also received restoration works between 1989 and 1994, costing RMB55 million (US$6.875 million). The number of visitors to the palace was restricted to 1,600 a day, with opening hours reduced to six hours daily to avoid over-crowding from 1 May 2003. The palace was receiving an average of 1,500 a day prior to the introduction of the quota, sometimes peaking to over 5,000 in one day. Visits to the structure's roof were banned after restoration efforts were completed in 2006 to avoid further structural damage. Visitorship quotas were raised to 2,300 daily to accommodate a 30% increase in visitorship since the opening of the Qingzang railway into Lhasa on 1 July 2006, but the quota is often reached by mid-morning. Opening hours were extended during the peak period in the months of July to September, where over 6,000 visitors would descend on the site. Architecture Built at an altitude of 3,700 m (12,100 ft), on the side of Ri Marpo ('Red Mountain') in the centre of Lhasa Valley, the Potala Palace, with its vast inward-sloping walls broken only in the upper parts by straight rows of many windows, and its flat roofs at various levels, is not unlike a fortress in appearance. At the south base of the rock is a large space enclosed by walls and gates, with great porticos on the inner side. A series of tolerably easy staircases, broken by intervals of gentle ascent, leads to the summit of the rock. The whole width of this is occupied by the palace. The central part of this group of buildings rises in a vast quadrangular mass above its satellites to a great height, terminating in gilt canopies similar to those on the Jokhang. This central member of Potala is called the "red palace" from its crimson colour, which distinguishes it from the rest. It contains the principal halls and chapels and shrines of past Dalai Lamas. There is in these much rich decorative painting, with jewelled work, carving and other ornamentation. The lower white frontage on the south side of the palace was used to hoist two gigantic thangkas joined together representing the figures of Tara and Sakyamuni during the Sertreng Festival on the 30th day of the second Tibetan month. The Chinese Putuo Zongcheng Temple, also a UNESCO World Heritage Site, built between 1767 and 1771, was in part modelled after the Potala Palace. The palace was named by the American television show Good Morning America and newspaper USA Today as one of the "New Seven Wonders". The nine storey Leh Palace in Leh, Ladakh, India built by King Sengge Namgyal (c. 1570–1642), was a precursor of the Potala Palace. The Lhasa Zhol Pillars Lhasa Zhol Village has two stone pillars or rdo-rings, an interior stone pillar or doring nangma, which stands within the village fortification walls, and the exterior stone pillar or doring chima, which originally stood outside the South entrance to the village. Today the pillar stands neglected to the East of the Liberation Square, on the South side of Beijing Avenue. The doring chima dates as far back as circa 764, "or only a little later", and is inscribed with what may be the oldest known example of Tibetan writing. The pillar contains dedications to a famous Tibetan general and gives an account of his services to the king including campaigns against China which culminated in the brief capture of the Chinese capital Chang'an (modern Xian) in 763 during which the Tibetans temporarily installed as Emperor a relative of Princess Jincheng Gongzhu (Kim-sheng Kong co), the Chinese wife of Trisong Detsen's father, Me Agtsom. Gallery
The Crazysitter	The Crazysitter is a 1994 American crime comedy-drama film written and directed by Michael James McDonald and starring Beverly D'Angelo, Ed Begley Jr. and Lisa Kudrow. Roger Corman served as an executive producer. Plot Cast Beverly D'Angelo as Edie Ed Begley Jr. as Paul Van Arsdale Carol Kane as Treva Van Arsdale Phil Hartman as The Salesman Lisa Kudrow as Adrian Wexler-Jones Reception Michael Sauter of Entertainment Weekly graded the film a C-.
Laugh Out Loud (TV series)	Laugh Out Loud is a weekly comedy gag show that aired Saturday nights on ABS-CBN hosted by Luis Manzano who is well known for his character as Roldan in Komiks Presents: Flash Bomba. This show aired from December 4, 2010 to June 18, 2011. Hosts Luis Manzano Alodia Gosiengfiao
Raconte-moi...	Raconte-moi... is a 2010 album by jazz singer Stacey Kent. This was Kent's first album recorded in the French language and featured mostly songs by French writers as well as songs from the Great American Songbook and Bossa Nova catalogue. On the Billboard charts Raconte-moi featured in the European Top 100 Albums and the top French Albums and reached 13 on the Jazz Albums chart. Reception Michael G. Nastos reviewed the album for AllMusic and wrote that "...Kent here fancies herself as a modern-day Edith Piaf, with a very low-key, late-night, romantic approach. Her thin, wispy voice rides very much under the radar of these selections...Harvey's pristine piano is the telling factor on how this music inspires Kent to dig deep into her soul without pulling in demons or being extroverted. ...it is heartfelt and purely soulful no matter the lyrics or language." Track listing "Les Eaux de Mars" (Antonio Carlos Jobim) - 3:38 "Jardin d'Hiver" (Benjamin Biolay, Keren-Ann Zeidel) - 3:34 "Raconte-moi..." (Bernie Beaupere, Jean-Karl Lucas, Emilie Satt) - 3:42 "L' Étang" (Paul Misraki) - 4:24 "La Vénus du Mélo" (Beaupere, Lucas, Satt) - 3:47 "Au Coin du Monde" (Biolay, Zeidel) - 4:14 "C'est le Printemps" (Oscar Hammerstein II, Richard Rodgers) - 4:28 "Sait-on Jamais?" (Camille Davila, Jim Tomlinson) - 4:12 "Les Vacances au Bord de La Mer" (Pierre Grosz, Michel Jonasz) - 3:29 "Mi Amor" (Claire Denamur) - 3:58 "Le Mal de Vivre" (Monique Andrée Serf) - 4:44 "Désuets" (Pierre Dominique Burgaud, André Manoukian) - 3:09 Personnel Stacey Kent – vocals, whistling Jim Tomlinson – soprano saxophone, tenor saxophone, baritone saxophone, clarinet, kalimba [Sansula] Graham Harvey – piano John Parricelli – guitar Jeremy Brown – bass Matt Skelton – drums, percussion
2017 AIBA World Boxing Championships – Light heavyweight	The Light heavyweight competition at the 2017 AIBA World Boxing Championships was held from 26 August to 2 September 2017. Draw Final Top half Bottom half
Resurrection (1960 film)	Resurrection () is a Soviet film made in 1960-1961, directed by Mikhail Shveitser based on Shveitser and Yevgeny Gabrilovich's adaptation of the Russian writer Leo Tolstoy's novel of the same name. Plot In the District Court jury listens to the abduction of money and poisoning, which caused the death of a merchant Smyelkov. Among the three accused of the crime appears Philistine Ekaterina Maslova, prostitution. Maslov is innocent, but, as a result of a miscarriage of justice, it is sentenced to four years' hard labor in Siberia. At the trial, including the jury, there is Prince Dmitri Nekhlyudov, which recognizes the defendant Maslova girl, about ten years ago, seduced and abandoned them. Feeling guilty before Maslova, Nekhlyudov decides to hire a lawyer for her well-known, to submit the case to the appeal and to help with money. Struck Nekhlyudov injustice in the court, and the ratio of officials to this cause in him a feeling of disgust and aversion to all the people with whom he in the day, after the trial, we have to see and, in particular, to representatives of high society that surrounds it. He thinks quickly rid prisyazhnichestva from the surrounding society and to go abroad. And, talking about it, Nekhlyudov recalled Maslov; first prisoner - what he saw her at the trial, and then, in his mind, one after another, beginning to emerge moments experienced with it. Cast Tamara Syomina as Katyusha Maslova Yevgeny Matveyev as Prince Nekhludov Pavel Massalsky as Presiding Judge Viktor Kulakov as Member of the Court Vasili Bokarev as Member of the Court Lev Zolotukhin as Prosecutor Vladimir Sez as Court Secretary Vyacheslav Sushkevich as Prison Warden Nikolai Svobodin as Retired Colonel Aleksandr Khvylya as Merchant Alexander Smirnov as Nikiforov Sergei Kalinin as Member of Workers Collective Nina Samsonova as Bochkova Vladimir Boriskin as Kartinkin Valentina Vladimirova as prisoner Nikolai Sergeyev as Supervisor of Prison Anastasa Zuyeva as Matryona Kharina Vladimir Gusev as Simonson Klara Rumyanova as Bogodukhovskaya Maya Bulgakova as Anisya Vladislav Strzhelchik as Earl Shembok Vasili Livanov as Kryltsov Vladimir Belokurov as Maslennikov Nikolai Pazhitnov as Maslova's Lawyer Valentina Telegina as Korablyova Olesya Ivanova as Red-Headed Woman Mariya Vinogradova as Khoroshavka Mikhail Sidorkin as Lawyer Fonarin Grigori Konsky as Korchagin Vladimir Vanyshev as Petr Gerasimovitch, teacher Elena Yelina as Sofya Ivanovna Sofya Garrel Garell as Marya Ivanovna Rolan Bykov as madman Aleksandra Panova as Agrafena Petrovna Aleksei Konsovsky as Commentator Reception Tamara Syomina's acting was praised by Federico Fellini and Giulietta Masina. Awards 1962 - International Film Festival in Locarno premium FIPRESCI best actress (Tamara Syomina)
Aeolopetra lanyuensis	Aeolopetra lanyuensis is a moth in the family Crambidae. It was described by Shen-Horn Yen in 1996. It is found in Taiwan, where it has been recorded from Lanyu Island.
Walter Sorrells	Walter Sorrells is an award-winning author of mystery and suspense novels for adults and teens. He has written many novels, including Fake I.D., named one of the ten Best Mysteries by Booklist magazine in 2005 and several novels based-on the television series Flight 29 Down. He also writes under the pseudonyms Lynn Abercrombie and Ruth Birmingham. He graduated from Haverford College in 1985, where he majored in History. His novel Fulton County Blues, as Ruth Birmingham, won the 2000 Edgar Allan Poe Award for Best Paperback Original. Bibliography As Lynn Abercrombie The Body Box (2005) Blind Fear (2006) As Ruth Birmingham Atlanta Graves (1998) Fulton County Blues (1999) Sweet Georgia (2000) Blue Plate Special (2001) Cold Trail (2002) Feet of Clay (2006) As Walter Sorrells Power of Attorney (1995) Will to Murder (1996) Cry for Justice (1996) Proof of Intent (2002) Fake I.D. (2005) The Silent Room (2006) Club Dread (2006) Static (2006) (Flight 29 Down) Scratch (2006) (Flight 29 Down) Ten Rules (2006) (Flight 29 Down) First Shot (2007) White Out (2007) On Fire (2007) (Flight 29 Down) Survival (2007) (Flight 29 Down) Erratum (2008) The Travelers (2009)
Views on the Kyoto Protocol	This article is about certain views on the Kyoto Protocol to the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change. A 2007 study by Gupta et al. assessed the literature on climate change policy, which showed no authoritative assessments of the UNFCCC or its Protocol that assert these agreements have, or will, succeed in fully solving the climate problem. It was assumed that the UNFCCC or its Protocol would not be changed. The Framework Convention and its Protocol include provisions for future policy actions to be taken. Some environmentalists have supported the Kyoto Protocol because it is "the only game in town," and possibly because they expect that future emission reduction commitments may demand more stringent emission reductions (Aldy et al.., 2003, p. 9). Some environmentalists and scientists have criticized the existing commitments for being too weak (Grubb, 2000, p. 5). On the other hand, many economists think that the commitments are stronger than is justified. Particularly in the US, many economists have also been critical of the failure to include quantified commitments for developing countries (Grubb, 2000, p. 31). Commentaries on negotiations The choice of 1990 as the main base year remains in Kyoto, as it does in the original Framework Convention (UNFCCC). The importance of the choice of base year was discussed by Liverman (2008). According to Liverman (2008), the idea of using historical emissions as a basis for the Kyoto targets was rejected on the basis that good data was not available prior to 1990. Liverman (2008), however, commented that a 1990 base year favours several powerful interests including the UK, Germany and Russia. This is because these countries had high emissions in 1990. In the UK following 1990, emissions had declined because of a switch from coal to gas ("Dash for Gas"), which has lower emissions than coal. This was due to the UK's privatization of coal mining and its switch to natural gas supported by North Sea reserves. Germany benefited from the 1990 base year because of its reunification between West and East Germany. East Germany's emissions fell dramatically following the collapse of East German industry after the fall of the Berlin Wall. Germany could therefore take credit for the resultant decline in emissions. According to Liverman (2008), some of the former Soviet satellites wanted a base year to reflect their highest emissions prior to their industrial collapse. A high emissions baseline was an advantage for countries whose emissions had subsequently fallen due to economic collapse. On the other hand, some of the former Soviet countries regard their emissions surplus as compensation for the trauma of economic restructuring. Japan promoted the idea of flexible baselines, and favoured a base year of 1995 for HFCs. Their HFC emissions had grown in the early 1990s as a substitute for CFCs banned in the Montreal Protocol. Liverman (2008) argued that countries, such as the US, made suggestions during negotiations in order to lower their responsibility to cut emissions. These suggestions included the inclusion of carbon sinks (the carbon absorbed annually by forests and other land cover) and having net current emissions as the basis for responsibility, rather than historical emissions. Another perspective on negotiations was provided by Grubb (2003). The final days of negotiation of the Protocol saw a clash between the EU and the US and Japan. The EU aimed for flat-rate reductions in the range of 10–15% below 1990 levels, while the US and Japan supported reductions of 0–5%. Countries that had supported differentiation of targets between countries had different ideas on how it should be calculated, and many different indicators were proposed, e.g., targets that were related to GDP, energy intensity (energy use per unit of economic output), and so on. According to Grubb (2003), the only common theme of these indicators was that each proposal suited the interests of the country making the proposal. Aldy et al. (2003) commented on the Kyoto targets and how they related to economic growth. Considering the growth of some economies and the collapse of others since 1990, the range of implicit targets is much greater than that suggested by the Kyoto targets. According to Aldy et al. (2003), the US faced a cut of about 30% below "business-as-usual" (BAU) emissions (i.e., projected emissions in the absence of measures to limit emissions), which is more stringent than that implied by its Kyoto target (a 7% reduction in emissions compared to 1990 levels). This contrasts with Russia and other Kyoto "economies in transition" (EITs), who, according to Aldy et al. (2003), faced Kyoto targets that allowed substantial increases in their emissions above BAU. Grubb (2003), however, commented that the US, having per-capita emissions twice that of most other OECD countries, was vulnerable to the suggestion that it had huge potential for making reductions. From this viewpoint, the US was obliged to cut emissions back more than other countries. Grubb (2003) also commented that for two or three years after the Kyoto agreement, the usual economic perspective was that emissions from the EITs would rise sharply as their economies recovered. In reality, however, emissions of the EITs failed to grow as many models had predicted. In August 2012, in a speech given at his alma mater, Todd Stern — the US Climate Change envoy — expressed the challenges of the UNFCCC process as follows, “Climate change is not a conventional environmental issue...It implicates virtually every aspect of a state’s economy, so it makes countries nervous about growth and development. This is an economic issue every bit as it is an environmental one.” He went on to explain that the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change is a multilateral body concerned with climate change and can be an inefficient system for enacting international policy. Because the framework system includes over 190 countries and because negotiations are governed by consensus, small groups of countries can often block progress. General comments Baylis et al. (2011) argued that a successful international climate policy would require additional emission reductions from developing countries such as China and India. Support In September 2012 the Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency and the European Commission's Joint Research Centre released a detailed study which showed that the 37 main Kyoto nations plus the U.S. (which did not ratify the treaty) have emitted 7.5 per cent less carbon dioxide into the atmosphere in 2010 than in 1990. The Bush Administration's rejection of Kyoto could have led to its failure (Grubb, 2002, p. 140). In the view of Grubb (2002), the EU's subsequent decision to support the Protocol was key. Environmental organization the Environmental Defense Fund have been supportive of the Protocol (EDF, 2005). Jonathan Pershing, director of the Climate and Energy Program at the World Resources Institute, stated that the Protocol "makes it clear that the world takes the global warming problem seriously" (Pershing, 2005). The United Nations has issued reports favoring the Kyoto Protocol. Supporters of Kyoto stated it is a first step towards meeting the ultimate objective of the UNFCCC, which is to prevent dangerous climate change. They state that the Protocol will be revised in order to meet this objective, as is required by UNFCCC Article 4.2(d). In 2001, sixteen national science academies stated that ratification of the Protocol represented a "small but essential first step towards stabilising atmospheric concentrations of greenhouse gases." In 2005, the national science academies of the G8 nations and Brazil, China and India made a statement where they "urged" all nations to "take prompt action to reduce the causes of climate change, adapt to its impacts and ensure that the issue is included in all relevant national and international strategies." They stated that these actions should be taken in line with UNFCCC principles. An international day of action was planned for 3 December 2005, to coincide with the Meeting of the Parties in Montreal. The planned demonstrations were endorsed by the Assembly of Movements of the World Social Forum. A group of major Canadian corporations also called for urgent action regarding climate change, and have suggested that Kyoto is only a first step. Criticism Some argue the protocol does not go far enough to curb greenhouse emissions (Niue, The Cook Islands, and Nauru added notes to this effect when signing the protocol). Some environmental economists have been critical of the Kyoto Protocol. Many see the costs of the Kyoto Protocol as outweighing the benefits, some believing the standards which Kyoto sets to be too optimistic, others seeing a highly inequitable and inefficient agreement which would do little to curb greenhouse gas emissions. Stavins (2005) criticized the Protocol as doing "too little, too fast," in that it asks for excessively costly short-term reductions in emissions, without determining what should be done over longer timeframes (Stern 2007, p. 478). Over longer timeframes, there is more flexibility to make reductions in line with normal cycles of capital stock replacement. At the time of the Protocol's first commitment period, in 1997, it provided a 15-year window for action. The Protocol does not provide any guidance or formulae linking the action required in the first commitment period to an overall global quantity constraint on emissions, or to a long-term timetable for emissions reductions. In the view of Stern (2007), this lack of a long-term goal, coupled with problems over incentives to comply with emission reduction commitments, prevented the Protocol from providing a credible signal for governments and businesses to make long-term investments. Some have heavily criticized the Protocol for only setting emission reductions for rich countries, while not setting such commitments for the fast-growing emerging economies, e.g., China and India (Stern 2007, p. 478). Australia (under Prime Minister John Howard) and the US subsequently did not ratify the Protocol, although Australia has since ratified the treaty. A number of other countries have not taken strong steps to implement it. Developing countries did take on obligations under the Protocol, but these were unquantified and allowed climate change to be addressed as part of wider national policies on sustainable development. In his 2009 book ("Storms of my Grandchildren") and in an open letter to US President Obama, climate scientist James Hansen criticized the Kyoto Protocol for being ineffective. In May 2010 the Hartwell Paper was published by the London School of Economics in collaboration with the University of Oxford. This paper was written by 14 academics from various disciplines in the sciences and humanities, and also some policies thinkers, and they argued that after the failure of the 2009 Copenhagen Climate Summit, the Kyoto Protocol crashed and they claimed that it "has failed to produce any discernable real world reductions in emissions of greenhouse gases in fifteen years." They argued that this failure opened an opportunity to set climate policy free from Kyoto and the paper advocates a controversial and piecemeal approach to decarbonization of the global economy. The Hartwell paper proposes that "the organising principle of our effort should be the raising up of human dignity via three overarching objectives: ensuring energy access for all; ensuring that we develop in a manner that does not undermine the essential functioning of the Earth system; ensuring that our societies are adequately equipped to withstand the risks and dangers that come from all the vagaries of climate, whatever their cause may be." The overall umbrella and processes of the UNFCCC and the Kyoto Protocol have been criticized for not having achieved the stated goals of reducing the emission of carbon dioxide (the primary culprit blamed for rising global temperatures of the 21st century). Economics The flexibility mechanisms that are defined in the Protocol could allow the Annex B countries to meet their emission reduction commitments at a significantly reduced cost (Bashmakov et al.., 2001, p. 402; Goulder and Pizer, 2006, p. 12). Actual costs will be determined by how individual countries decide to meet their commitments. This can involve the use of the international flexibility mechanisms, but domestic policies can also contribute, such as raising taxes on gasoline or regulatory fines for major polluters. The Kyoto Protocol was designed to be efficient and equitable (Toth et al.., 2001, p. 660), but it has been subject to criticism (Stern, 2007, p. 478). Nordhaus (2001) drew attention to the inefficiencies of the Kyoto Protocol's flexibility mechanisms. Nordhaus explained that meeting the emission reduction commitments specified in the Kyoto-Bonn Accord, using the quantity-type instruments as defined in the Protocol, would be less efficient compared to a situation where price-type instruments were used, e.g., a harmonized carbon tax (comparisons of quantity-type and price-type instruments are included in the carbon tax and emissions trading articles). Nordhaus suggested that given the Protocol's large costs and small benefits, it might be better for it to be redesigned along the lines of a global carbon tax. Other economists such as Gwyn Prins and Steve Rayner, think an entirely different approach needs to be followed than suggested by the Kyoto Protocol. The issue of the efficient (or "optimal") path for greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions depends on various assumptions (Klein et al.., 2007). Some of these assumptions, e.g., aggregating impacts across regions and over time, rely on value judgements (Azar, 1998; Fisher et al.., 2007). In Nordhaus's analysis, the implied emissions path of the Kyoto-Bonn Accord is more aggressive than that suggested in his analysis (Klein et al.., 2007). In other words, the efficient abatement path for emissions in Nordhaus's analysis, suggests more gradual near-term emissions abatement than that implied by Kyoto's emission reduction commitments. This is a common finding of economic cost-benefit analysis, and is driven by low estimates of marginal (or incremental) climate change damages (the social cost of carbon). U.S. History with the Protocol Clinton Administration Vice President Al Gore was a main participant in putting the Kyoto Protocol together in 1997. President Bill Clinton signed the agreement in 1997, but the US Senate refused to ratify it, citing potential damage to the US economy required by compliance. The Senate also balked at the agreement because it excluded certain developing countries, including India and China, from having to comply with new emissions standards. Bush administration Similar objections to the Kyoto Protocol were why the Bush administration refused to sign. They argued the division between Annex 1 and developing countries was unfair, and that both countries needed to reduce their emissions unilaterally. President George W. Bush claimed that the cost of following the Protocols requirements will stress the economy. Al Gore accused Bush of showing the world "a stunning display of moral cowardice." "Kyoto's ability to survive the near-fatal attacks of the Bush administration is testimony to the urgency of the climate problem." Worldwatch Institute Laurie David, Natural Resources Defense Council said, "As the world celebrates the global warming pact's debut, Bush continues to pander to the energy industry." Obama Administration President Obama was elected under widespread belief that shortly after arriving in office he would take swift and decisive action to join the world in reducing GHG emissions and therefore helping battle global climate change. According to The American, “Obama was widely expected to quickly pass a Kyoto-style domestic cap-and-trade program for greenhouse gases, positioning America to take the moral high ground in Copenhagen, thus luring (or compelling) China and India to accept emissions targets.". Signing the Kyoto protocol seemed like the logical first step so it came as a surprise when he rejected the Kyoto protocol for reasons similar to those of former president Bush. According to The American, “the treaty’s fundamental flaws were well understood: It set very ambitious—and costly—targets for the United States while allowing emissions from the developing world to continue to rise unchecked. (And indeed today, despite Kyoto’s ratification, China has become the world’s leading emitter of greenhouse gases.) Americans don’t mind contributing to a solution, but Kyoto asked a lot of sacrifice for little reward.”. President Obama was also expected to represent the U.S in Copenhagen and negotiate terms for the extension of the Kyoto Protocol past 2012. Yet instead of the U.S. contributing to the development and signing of a Kyoto-like treaty, the U.S. is suggesting extreme modifications of the Kyoto emission management system and precipitating intense debates and clashes over the treaty which will follow Kyoto. Many countries fear these new treaty additions will paralyze negotiations and stop many of the countries currently under the Kyoto Protocol from re-signing as well as stop new countries, like China and India, from signing. “the Obama administration’s proposals could undermine a new global treaty and weaken the world’s ability to stave off the worst effects of climate change.” Many people feel that the combination of the U.S not signing the Kyoto Protocol (ensuring it will run out in 2012) and the U.S. attempt to change almost the entire architecture of the Kyoto Protocol in Copenhagen means the end of the Kyoto Protocol as we know it and perhaps a new global climate treaty. “If Kyoto is scrapped, it could take several years to negotiate a replacement framework, a delay that could strike a terminal blow at efforts to prevent dangerous climate change. In Europe we want to build on Kyoto, but the US proposal would in effect kill it off. If we have to start from scratch then it all takes time. It could be 2015 or 2016 before something is in place, who knows." Objections to the Kyoto Protocol and U.S refusal to sign The Kyoto Protocol was a huge leap forward towards an intergovernmental united strategy to reduce GHG’s emissions globally. But it wasn’t without its objections. Some of the main criticisms were against categorizing different countries into annexes, with each annex having its own responsibility for emission reductions based on historic GHG emissions and, therefore, historic contribution to global climate change. “Some of the criticism of the Protocol has been based on the idea of climate justice." This has particularly centered on the balance between the low emissions and high vulnerability of the developing world to climate change, compared to high emissions in the developed world.” Other objections were the use of carbon off-sets as a method for a country to reduce its carbon emissions. Although it can be beneficial to balance out one GHG emission by implementing an equal carbon offset, it still doesn’t completely eliminate the original carbon emission and therefore ultimately reduce the amount of GHG’s in the atmosphere. Notes
Eleanor Davies (poet)	Eleanor Davies (1590–1652) was a prolific English writer and prophet, publishing almost 70 pamphlets during her lifetime. Biography The fifth daughter of George Tuchet, eleventh Baron Audley, she was learned in Latin, theology and law. In 1609, she married Sir John Davies, by whom she had three children. In 1625, she began caring for George Carr, a 13-year-old Scottish boy who was deaf-mute. While living with Davies, he began to utter prophecies and on 28 July 1625, Davies herself began prophesying. The same year she published her first pamphlet, A Warning to the Dragon and All his Angels, which related the Book of Daniel to contemporary political events. John Davies disliked Davies' prophesying and burned at least one of her manuscripts. Scholar Diane Watt recounts that she responded "by dressing in widow's weeds and predicting that he would die in less than three years. One day in December of the following year, she began to weep uncontrollably during dinner, and three days later her husband died." In 1627, Davies married Sir Archibald Douglas, a professional soldier. He also destroyed her manuscripts. Many of Davies's prophecies were based on anagrams. For instance, she read her own name Eleanor Audelie as "Reveale O Daniel". Henrietta Maria consulted her during her first pregnancy, although her relationship with the royal family was rocky. (She had foretold the death of the Duke of Buckingham, to the king's displeasure.) Davies was involved in several legal disputes during her life. After her first husband's death, she lost possession of her home at Englefield for a time, as well as her estate at Pirton. Later, after smuggling her illegally printed prophecies back into England from Amsterdam, she was arrested and fined £3000 and imprisoned. After her release, she was arrested again and sent to Bedlam for pouring tar over the altar at Lichfield Cathedral. Later in 1638 she was moved to the Tower, from which she was released in 1640. She was arrested twice more for debt and infringement of publishing laws.
1836 United States presidential election in Maryland	The 1836 United States presidential election in Maryland took place between November 3 and December 7, 1836, as part of the 1836 United States presidential election. Voters chose 10 representatives, or electors to the Electoral College, who voted for President and Vice President. Maryland voted for Whig candidate William Henry Harrison over the Democratic candidate, Martin Van Buren. Harrison won Maryland by a margin of 7.46%. Results
Dornier Do P	The Dornier Do P was a German four-engined heavy bomber, manufactured by Dornier Flugzeugwerke in the 1930s. It was built as part of the secret rearmament of Germany, in opposition to the Treaty of Versailles. Design and development Construction of the Do P began in July 1929, and its first flight took place on March 31, 1930. The aircraft was tested in such places as Lipetsk. The Do P was a monoplane constructed mainly of metal, but covered in some places by fabric. The aircraft was powered by four nine-cylinder Siemens Jupiter VI, each with 530 horsepower. The aircraft had a crew of six. It was eventually developed into the Dornier Do 11. Specifications
Phyllonorycter salicifoliella	Phyllonorycter salicifoliella is a moth of the family Gracillariidae. It is widespread across North America, from Mississippi to Ontario in the east and from southern California to northern British Columbia in the west. The length of the forewings is 3–4 mm. Adults are on wing from July to mid-August and again from late August to November in two generations. The larvae mostly feed on Salix species, including Salix alba, Salix amygdaloides, Salix babylonica, Salix bebbiana, Salix bonplandiana, Salix caroliniana, Salix eriocephala, Salix lasiolepis, Salix "longifolia", Salix lutea, Salix monticola, Salix purpurea, Salix x rubens (Salix alba x Salix fragilis), Salix scouleriana and Salix sericea, but may also feed on Populus species, including Populus balsamifera and Populus tremuloides. They mine the leaves of their host plant.
Nathan Ross Margold	Nathan Ross Margold (1899 - December 17, 1947) was a Romanian-born American lawyer. He was a municipal judge in Washington, D.C., and the author of the 1933 Margold Report to promote civil rights for African-Americans through the courts. He was also a supporter of Native American civil rights. In addition to his legal career, Margold is remembered as the father of adult film pioneer William Margold. Early life Nathan Ross Margold was born in Iași, Romania in 1899, to Wolf Margulies and Rosa Kahan. He was brought to the United States at age two. Growing up in Brooklyn, he graduated from City College of New York in 1919. Margold then attended Harvard Law School. He was a "protege" of Felix Frankfurter. Career Margold began his career by teaching the Law at his alma mater, the Harvard Law School. In 1933, Margold wrote the Margold Report, a "blueprint" for the NAACP to advance civil rights for African-Americans through the courts. Margold worked as a lawyer in the United States Department of the Interior from 1933 to 1942, including as an aide to Interior Secretary Harold L. Ickes. In 1940, he wrote the introduction to the Handbook of Federal Indian Law by Felix S. Cohen. Margold believed that Indian self-governance was "a revealing record in the development of our American constitutional democracy." Margold was a member of the Modern Forum of the League for Peace and Democracy, an organization named as a "Communist front organization" by witnesses during a hearing of the House Un-American Activities Committee in 1938. Margold served as a judge on the municipal court of appeals for the District of Columbia from 1942 to 1947. Death Margold died on December 17, 1947 in Washington, D.C.
Romanovsky and Phillips	Romanovsky & Phillips is a gay singing duo named after its members, Ron Romanovsky and Paul Phillips. They are best known for their original recordings and live performances featuring songs combining humor with poignant observations about the lives of gay men (and to a lesser extent, lesbian women) in contemporary American society. Romanovsky & Phillips began their career at San Francisco's Valencia Rose Cafe in 1982, as the musical break for Gay Comedy Open Mike Night. They mounted their first national tour in the fall of 1983. They toured extensively in the United States, Canada and Australia. Over the years the duo released seven albums under the "Fresh Fruit" label. Sydney Daily Mirror described them as "delightful and entertaining Ambassadors of Homosexuality." Originally a romantic couple, the two ended that aspect of their relationship in the early 1990s, but continued to record and perform together, describing themselves as "a gay Sonny and Cher" (who had also briefly continued their professional collaboration following their divorce). In 1998 they presented their full-length musical, Jayson, at the 45th Street theatre in New York. A year later the duo decided to take some time off the road. While Phillips put music on hold to pursue other interests, Romanovsky took up a new instrument: the accordion. In 2002 he released a solo album in French, Je m'appelle Dadou. In 2004, Ron was commissioned to write a "circus opera" for Nurses for the Rights of the Child, a group of labor and delivery nurses who are conscientious objectors to male circumcision. After two years of writing and several workshop performances, It's A Boy! was premiered in August, 2006 at the 9th International Symposium on Circumcision, Genital Integrity and Human Rights at the University of Washington in Seattle. The opera featured music written for accordion, violin and five vocalists. A recording was released concurrently. Immediately following up It's A Boy! came the release of Pittsburgh to Paris, marking Ron's return to song writing. In December, 2006, Fresh Fruit Records re-released all of R&P's recordings. In 2007 Ron returned to the concert stage, this time fronting a four-piece band and performing his newest material along with several updated R&P chestnuts. The year culminated in a sold-out show in Taos, New Mexico, where Ron shared the bill with comic Vicki Shaw. His newest recording, Turn Up the Fun!, released in January 2008, is a return to his queer music roots, offering 14 original tracks featuring the characteristic satire, off-beat observations and poignancy that fans have come to expect. Currently, Romanovsky performs frequently in and around his adopted hometown of Santa Fe with his quartet, "Welcome to Bohemia", in addition to performing with pianist/vocalist Charles Tichenor in their annual musical tribute to France, "April in Paris". In February, 2010 Ron made his first music video "The Sanctity of Marriage" which can be seen on YouTube . Discography I Thought You'd Be Taller - 1984 Trouble In Paradise - 1986 Emotional Rollercoaster - 1988 Be Political, Not Polite - 1991 Hopeful Romantic - (Ron Romanovsky, solo) 1992 Brave Boys - ("best of" collection) 1994 Let's Flaunt It - (live) 1995 Je m'appelle Dadou - (Ron Romanovsky, solo) 2002 It's A Boy! - (a circus opera by Ron Romanovsky) 2006 Pittsburgh to Paris - (Ron Romanovsky, solo) 2006 Turn Up the Fun! - (Ron Romanovsky, solo) 2008
Tamara Milashkina	Tamara Andreyevna Milashkina (born 13 September 1934) is a Russian lyric and dramatic soprano. Born in Astrakhan, she studied with , and became a member of the Bolshoi Opera in 1958, where she remained one of the leading sopranos until 1989. The soprano also appeared at the Teatro alla Scala, and throughout Europe. She toured extensively with the Bolshoi, including to the Metropolitan Opera, in 1975. In 1973, she received the title, People's Artist of the USSR. At the Scala, the soprano appeared in La battaglia di Legnano (conducted by Gianandrea Gavazzeni, 1962), Pique-dame (1964), War and Peace (1964), Eugene Onegin (1973), and Prince Igor (1973). Milashkina recorded extensively for Melodiya, including the 1974 recording of her most famous role, Lisa in Pique-dame, opposite her husband, tenor Vladimir Atlantov, with Bolshoi forces conducted by Mark Ermler.
Memorial Acclamation	The Memorial Acclamation is an acclamation sung or recited by the people after the institution narrative of the Eucharist. They were common in ancient eastern liturgies and have more recently been introduced into Roman Catholic, Anglican, Lutheran, and Methodist liturgies. Liturgy of St James The Liturgy of St James is the principal liturgy of the Syriac Orthodox Church, Syriac Catholic Church, Syro-Malankara Catholic Church, Maronite Church, and Malankara Orthodox Church. It is also occasionally used in the Eastern Orthodox Church and Melkite Catholic Church and other Eastern Catholic Churches of Byzantine Rite. In the Syriac form of this liturgy, after the Words of Institution, to which the people respond with "Amen" after the formula for the blessing of the bread and again after the formula for the blessing of the chalice, the priest celebrant says: "Do in remembrance of Me when you partake of this sacrament, commemorating My death and My resurrection until I come." The people then respond with the acclamation: "Your death, our Lord, we commemorate, Your resurrection we confess and Your second coming we wait for. May Your mercy be upon us all." In the Byzantine form of the Liturgy of St James, the priest celebrant says: "This do in remembrance of me; for as often as ye eat this bread, and drink this cup, ye do show forth the Lord's death, and confess His resurrection, till He comes." The people respond: "We show forth Thy death, O Lord, and confess Thy resurrection." Roman Rite The Memorial Acclamation was introduced into the Roman Rite of Mass in 1969 as part of the revision of the Roman Missal by Pope Paul VI. Previously the only acclamations by the people in the eucharistic prayer were the Sanctus and the Amen to the final doxology. The three acclamations The three acclamations given in the Roman Missal are, in the official English translation, as follows: The initial edition of the Roman Missal in English, which in part was a more dynamic rather than literal translation of the original, had instead the following four acclamations: Christ has died, Christ is risen, Christ will come again. Dying you destroyed our death, rising you restored our life. Lord Jesus, come in glory. When we eat this bread and drink this cup, we proclaim your death, Lord Jesus, until you come in glory. Lord, by your cross and resurrection, you have set us free. You are the Saviour of the world. Mysterium fidei As a lead to the Memorial Acclamation, the priest says or sings: "The mystery of faith". This introductory phrase, mysterium fidei in the Latin original, was previously translated loosely into English as "Let us proclaim the mystery of faith", and in some places was sung or spoken by the deacon instead of the priest in spite of the clear instruction in the Missal itself and in the apostolic constitution Missale Romanum with which Pope Paul VI promulgated the revision of the Roman Missal. The English translation was corrected in 2011 and now reads simply: "The mystery of faith". Mysterium fidei in the Tridentine Mass Before the 1969 revision of the Roman Missal, the phrase mysterium fidei was included in the formula of consecration of the wine spoken inaudibly by the priest, appearing as follows (here accompanied by an unofficial English translation): Text (in Latin) Simili modo postquam cenatum est, accipiens et hunc praeclarum calicem in sanctas ac venerabiles manus suas: item tibi gratias agens, benedixit, deditque discipulis suis, dicens: Accipite, et bibite ex eo omnes. Hic est enim calix sanguinis mei, novi et aeterni testamenti: mysterium fidei: qui pro vobis et pro multis effundetur in remissionem peccatorum. Haec quotiescumque feceritis, in mei memoriam facietis. Unofficial English translation In like manner, after He had supped, taking also into His holy and venerable hands this goodly chalice, again giving thanks to Thee, He blessed it, and gave it to His disciples, saying: Take and drink ye all of this: For this is the chalice of My blood, of the new and eternal testament: the mystery of faith: which will be shed for you and for many unto the remission of sins. As often as ye shall do these things, ye shall do them in remembrance of me. Some traditionalist Catholics have criticised the removal of the phrase mysterium fidei from the words of consecration. Meaning of the phrase mysterium fidei in context The phrase mysterium fidei was added to the words of consecration at some time before the 6th century, perhaps by Pope Leo I (440-461) and perhaps, in reaction to the denial by Manichaeism of the goodness of material things, as an expression of the Catholic Church's belief that salvation comes through Christ's material blood and through participation in the sacrament, which makes use of a material element. The memorial acclamations that follow suggest that "the mystery of faith" refers, in its new context, to "the entire mystery of salvation through Christ's death, resurrection and ascension, which is made present in the celebration of the Eucharist". An alternative memorial acclamation permitted in Ireland, "My Lord and my God", was disapproved of by Pope Paul VI for seemingly concentrating on the real presence of Christ in the Eucharist rather than on Eucharistic sacrifice as a whole, but even this may be interpreted in the same sense, since it is a repetition of what in refers to Christ as risen and as still bearing the marks of his suffering.<ref name=McNamara>[http://www.zenit.org/en/articles/the-mystery-of-faith Edward McNamara, "The Mystery of Faith" in ZENIT News Agency, 7 October 2014]</ref> Other liturgies In its 1979 version of the Book of Common Prayer, the Episcopal Church (United States) has in Prayer B the acclamation: In three of its Rite 2 eucharistic prayers, the acclamation is made by celebrant and people together. The Book of Alternative Services'' of the Anglican Church of Canada has a Memorial Acclamation, as have some United Methodist churches. Lutherans also have an acclamation.
Claudia Aravena	Claudia Aravena Abughosh (born 21 October 1968) is a Chilean visual artist, curator, short filmmaker, and professor who has worked mainly in the field of contemporary art. Life and work Claudia Aravena studied graphic design at University ARCIS, which she later complemented with a degree in audiovisual communication and a master's in cultural studies. Some of her works are framed within urban art and media art through installations, photography, and audiovisual presentations, where the city takes a fundamental role as a central thematic axis, in addition to autobiographical and cultural identity fusion. Exhibitions and distinctions Aravena has participated in several solo and group exhibitions during her career, among them the 2009 Havana Biennial, 6th and 7th Video and New Media Santiago Biennial (2007), and the 1st Chilean Triennial (2009) at the Santiago Museum of Contemporary Art, in addition to the shows Handle with Care (2007) at the same institution, La operación verdad, o la verdad de la operación, collective exhibition at the (2010), Circa Berlin at the Nikolaj Contemporary Art Center in Copenhagen (2005), From the Other Site/Side at the Museum of Contemporary Art in Seoul (2006), Video-Forum, NBK at the Museo Rufino Tamayo in Mexico City (2006), among other exhibitions in Chile, Latin America, Europe, and Asia. In addition, she has participated in several international film festivals, including the International Documentary Film Fest in Paris, the Palermo International Video Art Festival in Italy, the International Documentary Film Festival of Leipzig in Germany, and the 9th International Documentary Film Festival in Lisbon. In 2002 she received a nomination for the Altazor Award for National Arts in the Installation and Video Art category for Lugar común, in co-authorship with Guillermo Cifuentes.
Berislavić family of Vrh Rike	The Berislavić family of Vrh Rike (, also known as Berislavići Malomlački), was a Croatian noble family, a cadet branch of the Čubranić family seated in Vrh Rike. They are considered to be of White Wallachian descent, and climbed to the lesser nobility rank. Notable members Franjo Aleksandar, captain of Petar Zrinski
Bad Religion (EP)	Bad Religion (also referred to as The Bad Religion EP) is the first official recording by the Los Angeles punk rock band Bad Religion. It was released in February 1981 by guitarist Brett Gurewitz's record label Epitaph Records, with the catalog number EPI 001. Recording The recording sessions for the EP took place in October 1980 at a demo studio called Studio 9, located above an office and drugstore in Los Angeles on Sunset Boulevard and Western Avenue. The EP was mastered by Stan Ross at Gold Star Studios in Hollywood. At the time of the EP's release, vocalist Greg Graffin and bassist Jay Bentley were both 16 years old, while Gurewitz and drummer Jay Ziskrout were both 18. Reissues The Bad Religion EP has been reissued a number of times, mostly on vinyl. It was initially released on 7-inch vinyl, and reissued in 1984 as a 12-inch with a different sound mix. In West Germany, a 7" bootleg limited edition of the EP was released in 1989, packaged with then-current album No Control. The EP was also pressed on compact cassettes, but those editions are rare. While the Bad Religion EP has never been released as a standalone CD, it was included on the 1991 compilation album 80–85, and on the 2004 CD reissue of the group's 1982 debut studio album How Could Hell Be Any Worse?, which featured the same track listing as 80–85. The EP was reissued on April 18, 2009 in conjunction with Record Store Day, in a limited edition of 1,000. Reception At the time of the original release, the Bad Religion EP received positive reviews from various fanzines. Brenda Jamrus of the punk rock magazine Ripper called the EP "a real powerful six song EP from Bad Religion". She added that "when so many bands are moving away from political overtones, these four guys are keeping politics alive" and described the songs as "fast and solid". Dave Stimson reviewed the EP for the 16th issue of Touch and Go. In it, he said, "Unlike many LA based bands where all it takes is one listen and you're already dripping slobber on the floor, Bad Religion takes some time before winning over their legion of fans, which must be many cuz [sic] this is a great record. When you first hear it, you say same old LA-styled punk, good, but nothing to get excited about. Now that's where you're wrong. This is perhaps the best debut record since Nervous Breakdown. I can't quite put my finger on it...something like Black Flag meets Neg Trend". Track listing Personnel Greg Graffin - lead vocals Brett Gurewitz - guitar Jay Bentley - bass Jay Ziskrout - drums Production Bad Religion; Big Dick - producers Stan Ross - mastering Brett Gurewitz - engineering Gary Leonard - photography
Taan (music)	Taan (Hindi: ) () is a technique used in the vocal performance of a raga in Hindustani classical music. It involves the singing of very rapid melodic passages using vowels, often the long "a" as in the word "far", and it targets at improvising and to expand weaving together the notes in a fast tempo. It is similar to the technique ahaat, used in Arabic music The murki, a type of ornamentation, is a swift and taan-like movement that is heavily used in thumri. Types Taans are clustered in different types: Bol Taan : Taan can be sung by utilizing the words of the bandish. This is a difficult type of a taan as in this correct pronunciation, meaning of the composition, everything has to be taken into consideration. Shuddha/Sapat (Straight) Taan : The notes are placed in an order in one or more octaves. Koot Taan : The notes do not remain in order. Therefore, the nature of Koot Taans is complicated. Mishra Taan : Combination of sapat and koot taans. Gamak Taan : Gamak is a technique by which a force is added to notes and each note is repeated at least twice. Many other types of taan exist, e.g. Ladant taan, Zatkaa taan, Gitkari taan, Jabde ki taan, Sarok Taan, Halak Taan or Palat taan.
Mykola Koval	Mykola Koval () (born 1 December 1952) is a Belorussian-born operatic baritone. He was born in Brest Region and studied solo singing in Minsk Conservatory and then in Moscow Conservatory. Since 1981, she has been a singer at the Kiev Opera and Ballet Theatre. People's Artist of Ukraine. Since 1995, she has been a professor of Kiev University of National Culture and Art.