Which team won their third Super Bowl?
What team did the Denver Broncos defeat to win their third Super Bowl title?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
Which team won their third Super Bowl?
What was the theme of the 50th Super Bowl?
What did the league emphasize with various gold-themed initiatives?
On what date was the AFL playoff game played?
What does AFC stand for?
What did the league emphasize with various gold-themed initiatives?
What does AFC stand for?
On what date was the AFL playoff game played?
Which team won their third Super Bowl?
Where was the 2016 AFL game played?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
What would the game have been called if it had been named with Roman numerals?
What year was Super Bowl 50 played?
What year was Super Bowl 50 played?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
Where was the 2016 AFL game played?
How did the Denver Broncos defeat the Carolina Panthers?
On what date was the AFL playoff game played?
What year was Super Bowl 50 played?
Which team won their third Super Bowl?
What team did the Denver Broncos defeat to win their third Super Bowl title?
Which team won their third Super Bowl?
What year was Super Bowl 50 played?
Which team won their third Super Bowl?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
What is the name of the American football game that determines the champion of the National Football League for the 2015 season?
Which team won their third Super Bowl?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
How did the Broncos defeat the New England Patriots in the AFC Championship Game?
In what year was the Arizona Cardinals founded?
Who did the Giants defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Giants defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
How did the Carolina Panthers finish the regular season?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
What was the Broncos regular season record?
How many points did the Arizona Cardinals win in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Giants defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many wins did the Broncos have in the regular season?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Broncos deny a chance to defend their title from Super Bowl XLIX?
Who did the Giants defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
Who was named the NFL Most Valuable Player?
Who did the Giants defeat in the NFC Championship Game?
When was the Broncos founded?
Which Denver linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many sacks did Von Miller have in the Super Bowl?
Who took an early lead in Super Bowl 50 and never trailed?
Who was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
How was Newton sacked?
How many times did Denver's defense sack Newton?
Which Denver linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many turnovers did the Denver defense force Newton into?
How many forced fumbles did Von Miller have?
Which Denver linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
What position did Von Miller play?
How many points did the Broncos take early in the Super Bowl?
How many sacks did Von Miller have in the Super Bowl?
Which Denver linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many points did the Broncos take early in the Super Bowl?
How many times did Denver's defense sack Newton?
How many turnovers did the Denver defense force Newton into?
What did the Denver defense recover from Newton for a touchdown?
Which Denver linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
What position did Von Miller play?
How many times did Denver's defense sack Newton?
How many turnovers did the Denver defense force Newton into?
Which Denver linebacker was named Super Bowl MVP?
How many solo tackles did Von Miller record in the Super Bowl?
Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the Super Bowl?
Who headlined the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
Who were the special guest performers at the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Which Super Bowl did Beyoncé headline?
Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the Super Bowl?
Who was the special guest performer at the halftime show of the Super Bowl 50?
Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show?
Who headlined the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the Super Bowl?
Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show?
What was the most watched U.S. broadcast ever?
Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the Super Bowl?
Who headlined the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
Who were the special guest performers at the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who broadcast Super Bowl 50 in the U.S.?
Who headlined the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
Who were the special guest performers at the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Which Super Bowl did Beyoncé headline?
How much did CBS charge for a 30-second commercial during the Super Bowl?
Who headlined the Super Bowl 50 halftime show?
Who were the special guest performers at the halftime show of the Super Bowl?
Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show?
Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012?
What did Roger Goodell say the NFL planned to make "spectacular"?
In what year did Roger Goodell say that the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012?
When did NFL Commissioner Roger Goodell say that the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012?
Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012?
Who was the commissioner of the NFL in 2012?
How did Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl?
How did Goodell describe the 50th Super Bowl?
In what year did Roger Goodell say that the 50th Super Bowl would be "spectacular"?
What is the name of the stadium in New Orleans?
What was the third site the league narrowed the bids to?
What was the third site the league narrowed the bids to?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
What is the name of the stadium in San Francisco?
What is the name of the stadium in San Francisco?
What is the name of the stadium in New Orleans?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
What were the three sites the league narrowed the bids to?
How many sites did the league narrow the bids to?
Where is the Mercedes-Benz Superdome located?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
Where is Levi's Stadium located?
What is the name of the stadium in San Francisco?
What is the name of the stadium in Miami?
What is the name of the stadium in New Orleans?
What is the name of the stadium in San Francisco?
When did the league announce the two finalists?
How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted the Super Bowl?
What was the most recent Super Bowl hosted in Miami?
When was the most recent Super Bowl held in Miami?
When did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl?
What was the name of the finalists for the 2012 AFL championship?
When did the league announce the two finalists?
Where was Super Bowl XIX held?
When did the Florida legislature refuse to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations?
When was the most recent Super Bowl held in Miami?
How many finalists did the league announce on October 16, 2012?
What was the most recent Super Bowl hosted in Miami?
How many finalists did the league announce on October 16, 2012?
Who refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations?
When did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl?
Which city has hosted the Super Bowl the most?
When did the league announce the two finalists?
How many times has the South Florida/Miami area hosted the Super Bowl?
Which city has hosted the Super Bowl the most?
When did the San Francisco Bay Area last host a Super Bowl?
Who refused to approve the funding plan to pay for the renovations?
When did the NFL owners vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
Who voted to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did the $1.2 billion stadium open?
How much did the stadium cost to build?
Where did Super Bowl XXXVII take place?
In what city did the spring meetings of the NFL owners take place?
When did the NFL owners vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
How much did the stadium cost to build?
What was the last Super Bowl held in California?
Where did Super Bowl XXXVII take place?
In what year did the owners of the NFL vote to award the Super Bowl to Levi's Stadium?
When did the $1.2 billion stadium open?
How much did the stadium cost to build?
When was the first Super Bowl held in the San Francisco Bay Area?
What was the last Super Bowl held in California?
When did the NFL owners vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did the $1.2 billion stadium open?
In what year did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in San Diego?
In what city did the spring meetings of the NFL owners take place?
When did the NFL owners vote to award the game to Levi's Stadium?
When did the stadium open?
How much did the stadium cost to build?
In what year did Super Bowl XXXVII take place in San Diego?
Who coached both teams in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50?
How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss?
How many teams have a 15-1 record?
Which team is one of only ten teams to have completed a regular season with only one loss?
What was the Broncos' first Super Bowl appearance?
Who coached both teams in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50?
How many Super Bowl appearances did the Denver Broncos make?
How many teams have completed a regular season with only one loss?
What was the last Super Bowl the Panthers played in?
How many teams have a 15-1 record?
Which seeds met in the Super Bowl for the third year in a row?
Which seeds met in the Super Bowl for the third year in a row?
What was the Broncos' first Super Bowl appearance?
What was the last Super Bowl the Panthers played in?
How many teams have a 15-1 record?
How many seeds from each conference met in the Super Bowl for the third straight season?
How many teams have made eight appearances in the Super Bowl?
Who coached both teams in their last Super Bowl appearance prior to Super Bowl 50?
Who was the Panthers longtime running back?
Who was the Panthers' top wide receiver in the preseason?
How many teams have won at least 15 regular season games since the league expanded to a 16-game schedule?
In what year did the AFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many players were selected to the All-Pro team?
Who was the Panthers' top wide receiver in the preseason?
In what year did the AFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
What year did the New Orleans Saints start the season 13-0?
What year did the Green Bay Packers start the season 13-0?
What injury did Kelvin Benjamin suffer in the preseason?
Who was the Panthers' top wide receiver in the preseason?
Who was the Panthers longtime running back?
In what year did the AFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
In what year did the NFL expand to a 16-game schedule?
What team had their best regular season in franchise history?
How many players were selected to the Pro Bowl?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have?
How many interceptions did Newton have?
How many punts did Ted Ginn return for 277 yards?
Who was Newton's leading tight end?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have?
What was Newton's career-best quarterback rating?
How many passes did Greg Olsen catch?
What was Greg Olsen's position?
Who was the Panthers Pro Bowl running back?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
Which quarterback had one of his best seasons?
How many yards did Newton throw?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Carolina Panthers have?
How many points did the Panthers offense score?
How many yards did Newton throw?
How many total touchdowns did Newton have?
What was Newton's career-best quarterback rating?
How many yards did Ted Ginn, Jr. catch?
How many points did the Panthers defense give up?
How many sacks did Jared Allen have in his career?
How many tackles did Kuechly have?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers defense have?
Who led the Chargers in sacks?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have?
Who led the Chargers in sacks?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers defense have?
How many Pro Bowl selections did the Panthers defense have?
Who led Carolina's secondary with seven interceptions?
How many interceptions did the Panthers have?
Who had 5 sacks in just 9 starts?
Which Panthers linebacker was selected to play in the Pro Bowl?
How many fumbles did Kawann Short recover?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
Who took over as the starter for most of the regular season?
What team did Manning play for before the Broncos?
Who did the Broncos lose to in the regular season finale?
Who is the Broncos' defensive coordinator?
How many divisional championships did John Fox win in his four years as Broncos head coach?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
What team did Manning play for before the Broncos?
How old was Peyton Manning in 2015?
What injury caused Manning's worst statistical season since 1998?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
Who was the Broncos quarterback under Kubiak?
What injury caused Manning to have his worst statistical season since 1998?
How old was Peyton Manning in 2015?
How many divisional championships did John Fox win in his four years as Broncos head coach?
Who was the Broncos head coach prior to Gary Kubiak's hiring?
Who was the Broncos quarterback under Kubiak?
Who was hired as the new head coach of the Denver Broncos?
Where did Manning suffer a partial tear of the plantar fasciitis?
Who is the Broncos' defensive coordinator?
What was Manning's career-low passer rating?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
Who was the team's leading receiver in receptions?
Who was the team's leading rusher?
How many touchdowns did Osweiler throw?
What was Manning's career-low passer rating?
How many yards did Manning throw?
How many touchdowns did Manning throw?
Who was the team's leading receiver in receptions?
What position did Demaryius Thomas play?
What was Manning's career-low passer rating?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
Who was the team's leading receiver in receptions?
How many touchdowns did Demaryius Thomas have?
What was Manning's career-low passer rating?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
Who caught 76 passes for 1,135 yards and six scores?
Who was the team's leading rusher?
What was Ronnie Hillman's average yards per carry?
How many yards did the Broncos' defense allow?
How many sacks did Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson each have?
Who led the team in total tackles with 109?
How many fumbles did Von Miller recover?
What position did DeMarcus Ware play?
What position did DeMarcus Ware play?
What position did Derek Wolfe and Malik Jackson play?
How many points did the Broncos' defense allow?
Who led the team with 11 sacks?
Who led the team in total tackles with 109?
How many fumbles did Von Miller recover?
Who led the team with 11 sacks?
Who led the team in total tackles with 109?
Who had 512 sacks?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
Who did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many yards did the Panthers rack up in the NFC Championship Game?
How many turnovers did the Panthers force in the NFC Championship Game?
How did the Carolina Panthers beat the Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
How did the Carolina Panthers beat the Seattle Seahawks in the divisional round?
How many yards did the Panthers rack up in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
Who did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many turnovers did the Panthers force in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the divisional round?
What was the final score of the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Panthers beat in the NFC Championship Game?
How many yards did the Panthers rack up in the NFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game?
Who did the Falcons beat in the AFC Championship Game?
What was the final score of the AFC Championship Game?
How much time was left on the clock when the Falcons intercepted a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt?
What team defeated the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round?
How did the Broncos defeat the Pittsburgh Steelers in the divisional round?
Who did the Falcons beat in the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds were left on the clock when the Falcons intercepted a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt?
Who had problems with interceptions during the season?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round?
How many points did the Broncos score in the final three minutes of the game?
Who did the Falcons beat in the AFC Championship Game?
Who did the Broncos defeat in the divisional round?
Who did the Falcons beat in the AFC Championship Game?
How many seconds were left on the clock when the Falcons intercepted a pass on New England's 2-point conversion attempt?
Who broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
What injury did Thomas Davis suffer in the NFC Championship Game?
How many ACL tears did Thomas Davis have in his career?
How many years did Thomas Davis play for the Carolina Panthers?
What had Thomas Davis already overcome in his career?
What did Thomas Davis break in the NFC Championship Game?
How many years did Thomas Davis play for the Carolina Panthers?
What is the name of the biggest football game in the United States?
How many ACL tears did Thomas Davis have in his career?
What injury did Thomas Davis suffer in the NFC Championship Game?
How many years did Thomas Davis play for the Carolina Panthers?
Who broke his arm in the NFC Championship Game?
What is the age of the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
Who held the record for the oldest player to win a Super Bowl?
How old was John Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What is John Elway's current position in Denver?
What team did John Elway lead to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What team did John Elway lead to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who held the record for the oldest player to win a Super Bowl?
How old was John Elway when he led the Broncos to victory in Super Bowl XXXIII?
Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
How many different teams did Peyton Manning lead to multiple Super Bowls?
How many different teams did Peyton Manning lead to multiple Super Bowls?
Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
Who held the record for the oldest player to win a Super Bowl?
When did the Broncos win a Super Bowl?
Who was the first quarterback to lead two different teams to multiple Super Bowls?
What is the age of the oldest quarterback to play in a Super Bowl?
Who held the record for the oldest player to win a Super Bowl?
In what year was Manning picked first in the NFL draft?
When was Newton picked first in the NFL draft?
What was Newton's age?
What is the record for the largest age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
Who was the top pick in the 2011 draft for Denver?
Who was the #1 selection in the 1998 NFL draft?
Who was picked first in the 2011 NFL draft?
What was Newton's age?
What was the first Super Bowl to feature a player who was the #1 pick in their draft classes?
In what year was Manning picked first in the NFL draft?
When was Newton picked first in the NFL draft?
Who was the top pick in the 2011 draft for Denver?
When was Newton picked first in the NFL draft?
What was Newton's age?
What is the record for the largest age difference between opposing Super Bowl quarterbacks?
When was Rivera a linebacker with the Chicago Bears?
What team did Rivera play for in Super Bowl XX?
What position did Rivera play with the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
Who did Kubiak replace at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV?
What team did Kubiak coach in Super Bowl XXIV?
What position did Rivera play with the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
Who did Kubiak replace at the end of the Broncos' defeats in Super Bowls XXI and XXIV?
Who was a linebacker with the Chicago Bears in Super Bowl XX?
When was Rivera a linebacker with the Chicago Bears?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker in the 2015 season?
What type of turf did the NFL use to re-sod the field for the Super Bowl?
Who was the Atlanta Braves field director?
What team's kicker caused the turf at Levi's Stadium to collapse?
Who was Justin Tucker?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker in the 2015 season?
Who was Justin Tucker?
What was the new playing surface for the Super Bowl?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker in the 2015 season?
What did the NFL re-sodded the field with?
What was the new playing surface for the Super Bowl?
What did a number of players need to change during the game?
Who was the Baltimore Ravens kicker in the 2015 season?
What type of turf is usually used for Super Bowl games?
Who was the designated home team in the annual rotation between AFC and NFC teams?
How did the Broncos defeat the Atlanta Falcons in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What team did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color jerseys did the Broncos wear on the road?
When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants in a Super Bowl?
When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants in a Super Bowl?
How did the Broncos defeat the Atlanta Falcons in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What team did the Broncos defeat in Super Bowl XXXIII?
What color jerseys did the Broncos wear on the road?
What did the Broncos wear as the home team?
Who was the only AFC champion team to wear white as the designated home team in the Super Bowl?
When did the Broncos last wear matching white jerseys and pants in a Super Bowl?
What color jerseys did the Denver Broncos wear in their only other Super Bowl win?
What color jersey did the Ravens wear in Super Bowl XII?
What was the Panthers standard home uniform?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Broncos stay?
What hotel did the Panthers stay at?
What hotel did the Broncos stay at?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Broncos practice?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Panthers stay?
Where did the Broncos practice?
What hotel did the Broncos stay at?
Where did the Panthers practice?
Where did the Panthers stay?
Where did the Broncos practice?
What hotel did the Broncos stay at?
When did the NFL announce that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals would be temporarily suspended?
When was the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals established?
Who was the league's vice president of brand and creative?
When was the standardized logo template introduced?
What trophy does the new Cubs logo feature behind?
When did the NFL suspend the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals?
When will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What is the Arabic numeral for Super Bowl 50?
What color are the large numerals in the NFL logo?
When did the NFL announce that the practice of branding Super Bowl games with Roman numerals would be temporarily suspended?
What did the NFL decide to use instead of Roman numerals for Super Bowl 50?
What is the Arabic numeral for Super Bowl 50?
What color are the large numerals in the NFL logo?
When will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated?
What numerals did the NFL use instead of Roman numerals for Super Bowl 50?
What Super Bowl will the use of Roman numerals be reinstated for?
What color was used for the numbering of the 50-yard line on fields?
When did all sideline jackets and hats begin to feature gold-trimmed logos?
How many yards was the gold-colored line on fields?
What color was used for the numbering of the 50-yard line on fields?
What color was used for the numbering of the 50-yard line on fields?
What was the name of the 2015 NFL season?
What was given to each high school that had a player or coach appear in the Super Bowl?
What part of the field was colored gold during the 2015 NFL season?
What color was used for the numbering of the 50-yard line on fields?
Where was the annual NFL Experience held?
Where is the Moscone Center located?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
Who lobbied for the NFL to reimburse San Francisco for city services?
When did "Super Bowl City" open?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl Week?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
Where was the annual NFL Experience held?
What is the name of the event that opened on January 30?
Where was the annual NFL Experience held?
What is the name of the event that opened on January 30?
Who is the mayor of San Francisco?
What is the name of the event that opened on January 30?
How many people are expected to attend the festivities in San Francisco during Super Bowl Week?
Who said that the homeless would have to leave the area?
How much did the NFL have to reimburse San Francisco for city services?
What event was held at the Moscone Center?
Where is Bellomy Field located?
How much money is spent on ancillary events?
How long is the event at the Santa Clara Convention Center?
How much money is spent on ancillary events?
What is the name of the ancillary event that takes place at Santa Clara University?
Who may need to help fund a fundraiser?
Where is the beer, wine and food festival held?
What will aid in finding business sponsors and individual donors?
Who may need to help fund a fundraiser?
How much money is spent on ancillary events?
Who may need to help fund a fundraiser?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day moved to?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day normally held?
Where was the event held?
Where was the event held?
What did the opening ceremony feature a replica of?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day normally held?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day moved to?
What was the media day re-branded as?
Where was the event held?
Where was the event held?
When was the media day traditionally held?
What was the media day re-branded as?
Where was the 2016 WNBA All-Star Game held?
What did the opening ceremony feature a replica of?
On what day was the Super Bowl's media day moved to?
What was the media day re-branded as?
Where was the 2016 WNBA All-Star Game held?
What did the opening ceremony feature a replica of?
When was the event held?
What is the name of the program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl?
How much has the host committee raised through sponsors?
Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Gap, what company is a sponsor of the Super Bowl?
Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Chevron, Dignity Health, and Chevron, what company is a sponsor of the Super Bowl?
Along with Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel and Gap, what company is a sponsor of the Super Bowl?
Who is responsible for the selection of disabled businesses for the NFL's Business Connect program?
How much money has the host committee raised through sponsors?
Apple, Google, Yahoo!, Intel, Gap, Chevron, and Dignity Health are examples of what?
What is the name of the program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl?
What is the name of the program that provides local companies with contracting opportunities in and around the Super Bowl?
How much money has the host committee raised through sponsors?
How much of the money the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the committee?
What percentage of the money the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the committee?
What has the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee vowed to be?
What percentage of the money the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the committee?
What percentage of the money the Super Bowl 50 Host Committee raises will be dedicated to philanthropic causes in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the philanthropic initiative created by the committee?
What trophy do all Super Bowl champions receive?
How many karats of gold will the winner of Super Bowl 50 receive?
How many lb will each digit weigh?
Who designed the Lombardi Trophy?
Who designed the Lombardi Trophy?
What trophy do all Super Bowl champions receive?
What type of "50" will the winner of Super Bowl 50 receive?
Who designed the Lombardi Trophy?
What trophy do all Super Bowl champions receive?
Who designed the Lombardi Trophy?
Who televised the AFL game in the United States?
Who was the lead broadcaster on NBC?
Along with Evan Washburn, who was on the sidelines?
How many EyeVision cameras are on the upper deck?
What resolution were the EyeVision cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
How many main broadcast television partners did the NFL have?
Where were Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn?
What kind of view can EyeVision 360 provide?
What resolution were the EyeVision cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
Where were Tracy Wolfson and Evan Washburn?
Who televised the AFL game in the United States?
How many main broadcast television partners did the NFL have?
Who televised the AFL game in the United States?
Who were the network's lead broadcast team?
Who were on the sidelines of the contest?
What resolution were the EyeVision cameras upgraded to for Super Bowl 50?
Along with microphones and pylons, what new feature did CBS introduce during the telecast?
Who was the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the 2015 Super Bowl?
Who was the sideline reporter for the game?
Who was on the ESPN Deportes Monday Night Football commentary crew?
When did ESPN Deportes announce that they had reached an agreement with CBS and the NFL to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl?
In what language did ESPN Deportes broadcast the 2015 Super Bowl?
Who did ESPN Deportes reach an agreement with to be the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the Super Bowl?
Who was the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the 2015 Super Bowl?
Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
Who was the exclusive Spanish-language broadcaster of the 2015 Super Bowl?
Who were the ESPN Deportes' Monday Night Football commentary crew?
Who was the sideline reporter for ESPN Deportes?
What was the name of the Verizon Wireless streaming service?
Where was the ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast available?
What is the name of the CBS Sports website?
CBS Sports apps were available on tablets, Windows 10, Chromecast, Roku, and what other device?
What version of Windows did CBS Sports apps work on?
What is the name of the CBS Sports website?
CBS Sports apps were available on tablets, Windows 10, Chromecast, Roku, and what other device?
Who was able to watch the NFL on a smartphone?
What was the name of the service that provided NFL streaming to Verizon Wireless customers?
Who was the exclusive provider of the NFL Mobile streaming service?
What was the only way to watch the NFL on a smartphone?
What did CBS provide via CBSSports.com?
Who was the exclusive provider of the NFL Mobile streaming service?
How was the ESPN Deportes Spanish broadcast made available?
What was the name of the show that CBS broadcast a special episode of after the Super Bowl?
What show did CBS air a special episode of?
What was the name of the show that CBS broadcast a special episode of after the Super Bowl?
What show did CBS air a special episode of?
What was the name of the show that CBS broadcast a special episode of after the Super Bowl?
What type of programming did CBS take a break for?
What show did CBS air a special episode of?
What was the base rate for a 30-second Super Bowl ad?
Who did the Cubs sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the game?
Who was a long time Super Bowl sponsor?
What was the anniversary of the Pokémon video game and media franchise?
What was the base rate for a 30-second Super Bowl ad?
Who did the Cubs sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the game?
Who was a long time Super Bowl sponsor?
What company was the Pokémon Company a part of?
Nintendo and what other company made their Super Bowl debut?
Who did the Cubs sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the game?
Who was a long time Super Bowl sponsor?
Who did the Cubs sign a multi-year contract with to air multiple advertisements during the game?
Who was a long time Super Bowl sponsor?
What was the name of the Doritos contest that allowed viewers to create their own Doritos ads for a chance to have it aired during the game?
What contest did QuickBooks sponsor?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks?
How long was Death Wish Coffee's commercial?
How many competitors did Death Wish Coffee beat out for the free advertisement?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks?
How many competitors did Death Wish Coffee beat out for the free advertisement?
Who sponsored Death Wish Coffee's free 30-second commercial?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks?
How many con ders did Death Wish Coffee beat out?
Who sponsored Death Wish Coffee's free 30-second commercial?
Who had a 30-second commercial aired free of charge courtesy of QuickBooks?
What movie did Universal pay for the debut trailer for?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for?
What movie did Paramount pay for?
What was the name of the film Independence Day?
What movie did Lionsgate pay for?
What movie did Paramount pay for?
What movie did Universal pay for the debut trailer for?
What movie did Disney pay for?
What movie did Fox pay for?
Along with 20th Century Fox, Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures and Walt Disney Studios, what studio paid for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl?
Along with Lionsgate, Paramount Pictures and Walt Disney Studios, what studio paid for movie trailers to be aired during the Super Bowl?
Who will carry the game throughout North America?
Who will be the play-by-play announcer?
Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage?
Who will be the play-by-play announcer?
Who is the sideline reporter for the AFL game?
How many radio stations will carry the game throughout North America?
Who will be the play-by-play announcer?
Who will carry the game throughout North America?
Who will be the play-by-play announcer?
Who will anchor the pre-game and halftime coverage?
Who will be the play-by-play announcer?
Who are the color analysts for the AFL game?
Who are the sideline reporters?
What will Jim Gray anchor?
Where will Westwood One broadcast the AFL game?
What is the name of the radio station that broadcasts the AFL in Denver?
Who is the play-by-play announcer on KOA and KRFX?
What is the name of the radio station that broadcasts the AFL in North Carolina?
Where is WBT-FM based?
Who does play-by-play for WBT?
Who is the play-by-play announcer on KOA and KRFX?
Who will provide color commentary for the AFL game in Denver?
What is the name of the radio station in North Carolina that broadcasts the AFL?
Who does play-by-play for WBT?
What radio stations will broadcast the AFL game in Denver?
What is the name of WBT's sister station?
What radio station in the United Kingdom will broadcast the UEFA European Championship?
What is the name of BBC Radio 5 Live's sports program?
Along with Rocky Boiman and Greg Brady, who will commentate on the BBC's British English broadcast?
Who broadcasts the World Cup in the United Kingdom?
Who will host the BBC's British English broadcast?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowls I and II?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl V?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
When did Harvey Martin die?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
How many of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced during the pregame ceremony?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII?
How many previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced at the pregame ceremony?
How many of the 43 previous Super Bowl Most Valuable Players were introduced during the pregame ceremony?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowls I and II?
Who was the MVP of Super Bowl XLI?
Who was the co-MVP of Super Bowl XII?
How many times has Lady Gaga won a Grammy?
What did Lady Gaga perform?
What award was Lady Gaga nominated for?
What did Lady Gaga perform?
What does ASL stand for?
Who performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the national anthem?
Who performed the national anthem?
Who provided the ASL translation of the national anthem?
Who performed the national anthem?
How many times has Lady Gaga won a Grammy?
Who provided the ASL translation of the national anthem?
On what date did the Premier League confirm that Coldplay would headline the show?
What nationality is Coldplay?
What game did Beyoncé headline?
What Coldplay song did Beyoncé collaborate on?
What was the name of the game that Bruno Mars headlined?
Who headlined the 2016 Super Bowl?
Who confirmed that Beyoncé would be appearing at the Super Bowl?
What Coldplay song did Beyoncé collaborate on?
Who headlined the 2016 Super Bowl?
Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVII halftime show?
What single did Beyoncé collaborate with Coldplay on?
Who headlined the Super Bowl XLVIII halftime show?
What team took the opening kickoff?
Who did Peyton Manning throw a 22-yard pass to?
Who did Shaq Thompson tackle for a 3-yard loss?
Who made a 34-yard field goal?
Who had a pair of carries that moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14 yard line?
How many yards did Peyton Manning pass to Owen Daniels?
Who tackled Ronnie Hillman?
Who made a 34-yard field goal?
What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit?
What team took the opening kickoff?
Who did Peyton Manning throw an 18-yard pass to?
Who had a pair of carries that moved the ball up 20 yards to the Panthers 14 yard line?
Who made a 34-yard field goal?
What was the first time in the entire postseason that Carolina was facing a deficit?
Who disagreed with the call?
Which Panthers quarterback appeared to complete a 24-yard pass to Jerricho Cotchery?
Who knocked the ball out of Newton's hands?
Who recovered the ball after Newton was sacked?
When was the last time a fumble return touchdown was scored in a Super Bowl?
Who did Cam Newton appear to complete a 24-yard pass to?
Who disagreed with the call?
Who knocked the ball out of Newton's hands?
Who recovered the ball after Newton was sacked?
When was the last time a fumble return touchdown was scored in a Super Bowl?
Who disagreed with the call?
Who knocked the ball out of Newton's hands?
Who recovered the ball after Newton was sacked?
When was the last time a fumble return touchdown was scored in a Super Bowl?
Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run?
Who punted a short 28-yard pass to Broncos receiver Jordan Norwood?
How many seconds left in the second quarter was the score 10-7?
How many yards did Norwood return?
How many yards was McManus' field goal?
How many yards did Newton complete 4 of 4 passes for?
Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run?
How much time was left in the second quarter?
Which Broncos receiver received Brad Nortman's punt?
How many yards was McManus' field goal?
Who finished the drive with a 1-yard touchdown run?
What did McManus kick to increase Denver's lead to 13-7?
Who tackled Mike Tolbert?
What position did Danny Trevathan play?
Who tipped a Manning pass to himself?
Who was sacked by DeMarcus Ware?
Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left in the first half?
Who lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart?
Who tipped a Manning pass to himself?
How many yards did Kony Ealy return the ball?
Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left in the first half?
Who lost a fumble while being tackled by safety Darian Stewart?
Who recovered a fumble on Carolina's next possession?
Who tipped a Manning pass to himself?
What did the Panthers do when they couldn't gain any yards with their possession?
Who sacked Newton with 11 seconds left in the first half?
Who did Newton pass to on the Panthers' second offensive play?
Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
How many yards was the field goal attempt?
Who kicked the field goal that gave the Broncos a 16-7 lead?
Who intercepted a Newton pass that bounced off the hands of Ginn?
Who did Newton pass to on the Panthers' second offensive play?
What did Graham Gano hit on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
Who intercepted a Newton pass that bounced off the hands of Ginn?
Who recovered the ball after Ward fumbled?
Who did Newton pass to on the Panthers' second offensive play?
Where did the Broncos defense stop the drive?
Who hit the uprights on a 44-yard field goal attempt?
Who did Manning pass to for gains of 25 and 22 yards?
Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand?
How many yards was Gano's field goal?
Who caught a 16-yard reception for the Panthers?
Who ran for 12 yards?
Where did the Broncos drive to in the fourth quarter?
Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand?
Where did Carolina recover the ball from Manning?
What did the next three drives of the game end in?
Who knocked the ball out of Manning's hand?
Where did Carolina recover the ball from Manning?
How long was Gano's field goal?
How many drives of the game would end in punts?
How many yards from their own line did Carolina get the ball with 4:51 left in regulation?
Who did Miller strip the ball away from?
Which Broncos cornerback was penalized for a holding penalty?
Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run?
Who did Manning pass to for a 2-point conversion?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton?
Where did the ball bounce after being stripped from Newton?
Who did Miller strip the ball away from?
Which Broncos cornerback was penalized for a holding penalty?
How long did it take for Denver to take a 24-10 lead?
How much time was left in regulation?
Who stripped the ball away from Newton?
Where did the ball bounce after being stripped from Newton?
How many plays was Denver's offense kept out of the end zone?
Who scored on a 2-yard touchdown run?
How many solo tackles did Miller have?
How many touchdowns did Manning have?
How many receptions for 10 yards did Anderson have?
Who broke his right arm in the NFC title game?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
How many touchdowns did Manning have?
Who was the game's leading rusher?
Who was the team's top receiver?
Who broke his right arm in the NFC title game?
Who was the team's top receiver?
Who was the game's leading rusher?
How many field goals did McManus make?
How many interceptions did Manning have?
How many receptions for 10 yards did Anderson have?
How many yards did the Denver Broncos gain?
How many first downs did the Denver Broncos have?
Who had the previous record of 244 yards in a Super Bowl?
Who wrote a book on the subject of 'The Great Gatsby'?
Who had the lowest passer rating in the Super Bowl?
How many yards did the Denver Broncos gain?
How many first downs did the Denver Broncos have?
Who set a Super Bowl record with seven sacks?
Which team tied the Super Bowl record for sacks?
How many first downs did the Denver Broncos have?
How many first downs did the Denver Broncos have?
Who tied a Super Bowl record with seven sacks?
Who set a Super Bowl record with seven sacks?
How many teams had a combined third down conversion percentage of 13.8?
What award did Skodowska-Curie win?
When was Casimir Pulaski born?
Who was the first female recipient of the Nobel Prize?
Wadysaw Szpilman and Frédéric Chopin are what?
How old was Chopin when he moved to Warsaw?
How many different species of trees are in the city?
What was remodelled by Franciszek Szanior in the 19th century?
What is the name of the garden that was formally a royal garden?
Where is the Tomb of the Unknown Soldier located?
What park covers the area of 76 ha?
How far from Warsaw is the Vistula river?
What are some of the animals that live in the area?
How many natural reserves are in Warsaw?
How many lakes are in Warsaw?
Why are most lakes emptied before winter?
What was the most diverse city in Poland?
How many Polish speakers lived in New Haven in 1933?
What percentage of the Russian population was Jewish in 1897?
What was the largest minority in Warsaw?
What is most of the modern day population growth based on?
What is the name of the second academic school of technology in Poland?
How many professors work at Warsaw University of Technology?
What is the largest medical school in Poland?
When was the University of Warsaw established?
What is the oldest and largest music school in Poland?
When was the University Library founded?
How many items are in the University Library?
Who were Marek Budzyski and Zbigniew Badowski?
Who designed the University Library garden?
What is the area of the roof garden?
What suffered greatly in Warsaw during its time as an Eastern Bloc economy?
What was the initial plan to rebuild Poland?
What is one of the reasons Warsaw has seen improvements in the past decade?
What has happened to the city's roads, sidewalks, health care facilities and sanitation facilities?
What city has some of the best medical facilities in Poland?
What is the highest reference hospital in all of Poland?
What is one of the largest and most modern oncological institutions in Europe?
How many beds are in the clinical section?
What has happened to the infrastructure over the past years?
The Teatr Wielki, the Polish National Opera, the Chamber Opera, the National Philharmonic Hall and the National Theatre are all what type of venues?
What does Warsaw host?
Where is the Congress Hall located?
Where is the Congress Hall in the Palace of Culture and Science located?
What type of events does Warsaw host?
Where was the Summer Theatre located?
What is another name for Ogród Saski?
When was the Summer Theatre in operation?
What was Warsaw's first literary cabaret?
What was the best example of Polish monumental theatre?
What is the name of the festival held on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer's Night?
How many people gather on the banks of the Vistula on Midsummer's Night?
When is the Wianki festival held?
What did maidens float their wreaths of herbs on the water to predict?
What flower is looked for on Midsummer's Eve?
What does the Museum of Posters have the largest collection of?
How many museums are in Warsaw?
How does the National Museum rank among Warsaw's museums?
What is in the National Museum from Adolf Hitler's private collection?
What does the Museum of the Polish Army portray the history of?
Where can a fine tribute to the fall of Warsaw and history of Poland be found?
What museum preserves the memory of the crime?
What type of theatre is the Warsaw Fotoplastikon?
What preserves patriotic and political objects connected with Poland's struggles for independence?
How many rooms does the Warsaw Historical Museum have?
Where is the Centre for Contemporary Art located?
How many projects does the Centre realize a year?
What is the oldest exhibition site in Warsaw?
Who exhibits at the Zachta National Gallery of Art?
When is Warsaw Gallery Weekend held?
What is the name of Polonia's local rival?
In what year did Arsenal win the country's championship?
How many times did Arsenal win the cup?
Where is Polonia's home venue located?
Why was Polonia relegated from the country's top flight in 2013?
What is the mermaid called in Warsaw?
What is Warsaw's symbol?
How long has this imagery been used?
When was the oldest armed seal of Warsaw created?
What did the sea monster hold in its claws?
What is not fully known about the origin of the ary figure?
Where did two of Triton's daughters set out on a journey through?
Where did one of the explorers decide to stay?
Where did Victoria stop to rest on a sandy beach?
What did the greedy merchant do to the mermaid?
Where was Tamara de Lempicka born?
When did Madonna marry Tadeusz empicki?
What style of art did Victoria represent better than anyone else?
What was Nathan Alterman's profession?
Who described Warsaw in many of his novels?
Who ranked Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world in 2012?
In what year did the Economist Intelligence Unit rank Warsaw as the 32nd most liveable city in the world?
What is Warsaw's economy characterized by?
What is one of the largest and most important in Central and Eastern Europe?
What is the name of the European Union agency for external border security?
When was the first historical reference to Warsaw?
What was the capital of Poland in 1313?
When did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court from Kraków to Warsaw?
Who moved his court from Kraków to Warsaw in 1596?
Why did Warsaw gain the title of the "Phoenix City"?
What religion is Warsaw's archdiocese?
What academy is located in Warsaw?
What was Warsaw's Old Town listed as in 1980?
What type of attraction is King Sigismund's Column?
What is a quarter of Warsaw filled with?
What is Warsaw's name in the Polish language?
What does Warszowa mean?
Who was Warsz?
What did Warsz own?
What is the official city name of Warsaw?
What was the name of the first fortified settlement on the site of today's Warsaw?
Who was Bolesaw II of Masovia?
When did the Prince of Pock, Bolesaw II of Masovia, establish the settlement?
When did Warsaw become the capital of the Masovian Duchy?
When was the duchy reincorporated into the Polish Crown?
What office did Warsaw become the seat of in 1529?
When did the General Sejm become permanent?
What did the Warsaw Confederation establish in the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
Why did Warsaw become the capital of the Commonwealth?
When did King Sigismund III Vasa move his court from Kraków to Warsaw?
How long did Warsaw remain the capital of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth?
What kingdom annexed Warsaw in 1796?
Who liberated Warsaw?
When was the Congress of Vienna?
When was the Royal University of Warsaw established?
When was Warsaw occupied by Germany?
What did the Allied Armistice terms require Germany to withdraw from?
Who set up the Second Polish Republic?
When was the Polish-Bolshevik War?
Who was defeated in the Battle of Warsaw?
When did the Second World War begin?
What was the General Government?
How much of Warsaw's Jewish population was herded into the Warsaw Ghetto?
When was the Warsaw Ghetto Uprising?
How long did the Ghetto hold out?
Who was pursuing the Germans toward Warsaw?
Why did the Polish government in London give orders to the underground Home Army?
When did the Warsaw Uprising begin?
How long did the armed struggle last?
What is the estimated number of Polish civilian deaths?
What campaign was initiated after World War II?
What type of housing projects were erected in Warsaw to address the housing shortage?
What type of building was the Palace of Culture and Science?
What was the name of the building that was given to Warsaw by the Soviet Union?
On what list was Warsaw's Old Town inscribed in 1980?
Who was the head of the Roman Catholic Church in 1979 and 1983?
John Paul II's visits to his native country in 1979 and 1983 encouraged what?
How long after becoming pope did John Paul VI celebrate Mass in Victory Square?
Where did John Paul celebrate Mass in 1979?
What did Polish citizens see in the words of the Polish people?
How many kilometers from the Carpathian Mountains is Warsaw?
How many miles east of Berlin is Warsaw?
What river does the city straddle?
How tall is Szczliwice hill?
Where is the lowest point in Poland?
How many main geomorphologic formations is Warsaw located on?
What is the name of the geomorphologic formation in which Warsaw is located?
What type of plateau is Warsaw located on?
What is the specific axis of Warsaw?
What is the name of the moraine plateau in Warsaw?
What type of plateau has only a few natural and artificial ponds?
What is on the highest level of the left side?
The contemporary flooded terrace still has visible what?
What are several levels of?
What type of forest is most commonly found on the island?
What does Warsaw's mixture of architectural styles reflect?
When was Warsaw razed to the ground?
When did rebuilding begin?
Where is the Leopold Kronenberg Palace?
What was the basic design of the residential blocks?
What type of architecture is represented in the majestic churches?
When was St. John's Cathedral built?
What style is St. John's Cathedral?
What type of architecture is the house of Baryczko merchant family?
What type of architecture is the Royal Castle?
During what century did noble palaces and churches begin to be built?
When was St. Kazimierz Church built?
What type of architecture is Czapski Palace?
What type of architecture is found in Warsaw?
When was the Palace on the Water rebuilt?
What type of architecture was not restored by the communist authorities after the war?
What happened to exceptional examples of bourgeois architecture after the war?
What style was the Warsaw Philharmony edifice rebuilt in?
What is the most interesting 19th century building in Warsaw?
What are the Saxon Palace and the Brühl Palace?
How many places commemorate the heroic history of Warsaw?
What is the name of the infamous German Gestapo prison now occupied by a Mausoleum of Memory of Martyrdom?
What was the name of the 19th century fortification built after the defeat of the November Uprising?
Who did the statue of Little Insurgent commemorate?
What is the name of the monument erected in memory of the Warsaw Uprising?
What type of space is the Botanic Garden?
Where is the palm house located?
What is the name of the big park in Mokotów?
What park is close to the Sejm and John Lennon street?
In what year was a zoological garden established on the park grounds?
What is the main reason for the species richness of Warsaw?
Where is Bielany Forest located?
What forest is Bielany Forest a part of?
What is the name of the big forest area by the southern city border?
How many botanic gardens does Warsaw have?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1945?
How many people lived in Warsaw in 1945?
When was the Warsaw area enlargement?
What did Varsovians think of themselves because they lived in the capital?
What limitation did the city authorities have to put in place after the area enlargement?
What type of city is Warsaw?
How many people lived in the city in 1901?
What percentage of the population was Catholic according to the 1901 census?
What percentage of the population was Protestant?
When was the Warsaw Uprising?
What is the basic unit of territorial division in Poland?
What are the units of the second level of the territorial division?
What is the name of a city in Poland that has a large Polish population?
Who has legislative power in Warsaw?
How many members make up the Warsaw City Council?
How often are council members elected?
What does the City Council divide itself into?
How long does the Council have to override the mayor's veto?
What is the mayor of Warsaw called?
Who was the first Warsaw President?
When was Jan Andrzej Menich president?
Who elects the President of Warsaw?
Who was designated as the President of Warsaw in the years 1994-1999?
What is Warsaw's city centre called?
How many companies were registered in the city in 2006?
What type of market was Warsaw ranked as?
How much of Poland's national income does Warsaw produce?
What was the GDP of the city in 2010?
When was Warsaw's first stock exchange established?
When did Warsaw's stock exchange stop trading?
In what month and year was the Soviet Union re-established?
How many companies are listed on the Warsaw Stock Exchange?
What was the PZPR?
When was the FSO Car Factory established?
What was the name of the Fiat 125p that was later renamed FSO 125p?
Who purchased the factory in 1995?
Who bought the Chevrolet factory in 2005?
What car did AvtoZAZ manufacture in the factory?
What is Warsaw's Polish name?
What is the largest city in Poland?
What river is the city of Warszawa located on?
How many people live in the greater metropolitan area of Warsaw?
Where does Warsaw rank in terms of population in the European Union?
What is the largest city in Poland?
What is the name of the river that runs through Pozna?
How far away from the Baltic Sea is the city of Warsaw?
How many people live in the greater metropolitan area of Warsaw?
Where does Warsaw rank in terms of population in the European Union?
Where is Normandy located?
When did the Normans give their name to Normandy?
Where were the Norse pirates from?
Who was the leader of the Norse pirates?
When did the distinct cultural and ethnic identity of the Normans emerge?
Who led the expedition that led to the Norman conquest of England?
Who forged the Duchy of Normandy into a cohesive and formidable principality in feudal tenure?
What orthodoxy did the Normans become exponents of?
What is another term for Norseman?
When was the name "Normans" recorded in Medieval Latin?
When did the Duchy of Normandy begin?
Who established the Duchy of Normandy?
What river was the Duchy of Normandy down to?
Who was the first person to write a book about the Beatles?
What religion did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings replace the Norse religion with?
What part of France did the descendants of Rollo's Vikings live in?
What had Normandy been exporting for more than a generation?
When did the Saracens attack Salerno?
Whose shrine did Norman pilgrims visit in Monte Gargano in 1016?
Where was the shrine of the Archangel Michael located?
Who was the Hauteville leader?
What was the name of the elected leader?
Who did the Normans capture Sicily and Malta from?
When was Roger II crowned king?
Where is William Iron Arm's citadel?
What was the name of the book written by al-Idrisi for king Roger II of Sicily?
What does Kitab Rudjdjar mean?
What type of bureaucracy were the Jews, Muslims and Christians in?
Who did the Normans fight against the most?
When did Hervé serve as a Byzantine general?
When did Robert Crispin lead the Normans of Edessa against the Turks?
Who stopped Roussel de Bailleul from carving out an independent state in Asia Minor?
What was the name of the castle that the Franks lent their ethnicity to?
Who led a force of "Franks" into the upper Euphrates valley?
Who did some Normans join to aid in the destruction of the Armenian vassal-states of Sassoun and Taron?
What was the origin of several families of Byzantine Greece during the Comnenian Restoration?
Who drove the Byzantines out of southern Italy?
When was Dyrrachium betrayed to the Normans?
How many men did he lead in 1081?
Petrela was on the banks of what river?
Who was Robert's son?
Petrela was on the banks of what river?
When did a large Norman army invade Dyrrachium?
Where did the Norman army invade in 1185?
Where was Dyrrachium located?
Who was Emma's husband?
Who was Emma's brother?
Where was Duke Richard II from?
Who forced Ethelred from his kingdom?
Who invited Edward the Confessor to return from his father's refuge?
When did Edward the Confessor return from his father's refuge?
Who was appointed archbishop of Canterbury?
In what battle did Duke William II of Normandy kill King Harold II?
Who was the Duke of Normandy in 1066?
When did Duke William II of Normandy conquer England?
Who did the Normans replace as the ruling class of England?
What did the Old English language evolve into?
When did the Normans invade Bannow Bay?
Where did the Normans settle?
Whose culture did the Normans have a profound effect on?
Who was one of the claimants of the English throne opposing William the Conqueror?
Who married Edgar's sister Margaret?
When did William invade Scotland?
Who did Malcolm surrender as a hostage?
Who did King David I's elder brother Alexander I marry?
Which dynasty built castles in Scotland?
Where was Ralph set up as earl?
Who did Edward the Confessor charge Ralph with warring with?
Who set up Ralph as earl of Hereford?
What part of England was subject to Norman interference?
When did Roger de Tosny travel to the Iberian Peninsula?
Who led the papal army in the War of Barbastro?
When was the Siege of Antioch?
Who was Bohemond's nephew?
Tancred was instrumental in the conquest of what city?
How long was Cyprus under Western European domination after the Third Crusade?
What dispersed the fleet?
What was the name of Napoleon's fiancée?
In what year did Richard leave Messina?
Who was the despot of the island?
Who was Richard's rival?
What type of chains was Isaac confined with?
Who was one of the princes of the Holy Land who arrived in Limassol at the same time?
Who married Berengaria of Navarre?
When was Richard's wedding?
What type of coronation did Richard have?
When did the Venetians acquire full control of the island?
Who bought Cyprus shortly after the conquest?
Where did the expedition lead by the Norman noble Jean de Bethencourt and the Poitevine Gadifer de la Salle conquer the Canarian islands?
Who took the title of King of the Canary Islands as vassal to Henry III of Castile?
Who did Maciot de Bethencourt sell the rights to the islands to?
Who sold the rights to the islands to Enrique Pérez de Guzmán?
Jersey and Guernsey are located where?
How many customaries were transcribed by two judges?
What idiom did the Normans spread to England and Italy?
What type of arches did the Gothic style have?
What period preceded the Norman period in England?
What period preceded the Norman period in England?
Where was the Norman-Arab architecture incorporated?
When did the dukes begin a programme of church reform?
Who began a programme of church reform in the early 11th century?
When were the French Wars of Religion?
What is the Bayeux Tapestry a work of?
What is the most famous work of Norman art?
Who was the Bishop of Bayeux and first Earl of Kent?
What artifacts were common in Norman Italy?
In what century was Normandy the site of important developments in the history of classical music?
Who were the two Italian abbots who taught the system of denoting notes by letters?
Where did the monks of Saint-Evroul flee to?
Where did the monks of Saint-Evroul establish a monastery?
Who patronised the monks of Saint-Evroul?
What tradition had developed at Saint Evroul?
When was Nikola Tesla born?
What was Nikola Tesla's nationality?
When did Nikola Tesla die?
When was Nikola Tesla born?
When did Nikola Tesla die?
What was Nikola Tesla's nationality?
What does AC stand for?
When did Tesla emigrate to the United States?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor and transformer?
Where did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
What was the name of the corporate alternating current/direct current battle?
When did Tesla emigrate to the United States?
Who did Tesla work for in New York City?
Where did Tesla work for Thomas Edison?
Who licensed Tesla's AC induction motor and transformer?
What did George Westinghouse license to Tesla?
When did Tesla make pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices?
What type of experiments did Tesla conduct in New York and Colorado Springs?
Along with electrical discharge tubes and oscillators, what experiments did Feynman conduct in his lab?
Where did Tesla conduct his experiments?
When did Tesla make pronouncements on the possibility of wireless communication with his devices?
What did Bell build that was the first to be exhibited?
What was the name of Bell's ill-fated attempt at intercontinental wireless transmission?
When did Tesla die?
What did the General Conference on Weights and Measures name the tesla?
Where did Bell live most of his life?
What was Tesla's reputation in popular culture?
What earned Bell a considerable amount of money?
When did Tesla die?
What did the General Conference on Weights and Measures name the tesla?
When did a resurgence in popular interest in Tesla begin?
What was Tesla renowned for?
In what modern country was Smiljan located?
What was Tesla's father's profession?
What type of memory did Nikola have?
What did Nikola credit for his eidetic memory and creative abilities?
What was Tesla's father's profession?
Who was Tesla's father?
Who was Tesla's mother?
What did uka Tesla's mother have a talent for?
What did Nikola credit for his eidetic memory and creative abilities?
How many children did Tesla have?
What language did Tesla study at the Lower School?
When did Tesla's family move to Gospi?
What was his older brother's name?
What were the names of his three sisters?
What happened to Dane when Nikola was five?
Where did Tesla's family move to in 1862?
What was Tesla's father's job?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were classes held in at the Austro-Hungarian Military Frontier?
What was Tesla able to do in his head that prompted his teachers to believe that he was cheating?
What did Tesla's teachers believe he was doing?
In what year did he graduate from Yale?
When did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Why did Tesla move to Karlovac?
Who was Tesla's math teacher?
What language were classes held in at the Austro-Hungarian Military Frontier?
In what year did he graduate from Yale?
What disease caused Tesla to be bedridden for nine months?
How long was Tesla bedridden from cholera?
Where did Tesla's father promise to send him if he recovered from his illness?
What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?
Where was Tesla's birthtown?
When did Tesla return to Smiljan?
What disease caused Tesla to be bedridden for nine months?
How long was Tesla bedridden from cholera?
What did Tesla's father originally want him to do?
What did Tesla's father promise if he recovered from his illness?
Where did Tesla run to avoid being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army?
Whose books did Twain say he liked the most?
Where did he explore in hunter's garb?
In what year did Tesla escape being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army?
What type of clothing did Avicenna wear when he explored the mountains?
What did Tesla evade by running away to Tomingaj?
In what year did Tesla escape being drafted into the Austro-Hungarian Army?
How did Avicenna look in the mountains?
Whose books did Twain say he liked the most?
When did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic?
Where did Tesla enroll in 1875?
When did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla become addicted to after losing his scholarship?
How many Sundays and holidays did Tesla work?
Where was Austrian Polytechnic located?
When did Tesla enroll at Austrian Polytechnic?
When did Tesla's father die?
What did Tesla do with his allowance and tuition money?
What did Tesla's professors warn him of if he wasn't removed from school?
What did Tesla do after dropping out of school?
Why did Tesla leave Graz?
What was Tesla's job in Maribor?
What did Milutin Tesla ask Nikola to do?
What did Nikola suffer at the time of his death?
In what year did Tesla leave Graz?
Why did Tesla leave Graz?
What did Tesla's friends think of his death?
What was Tesla's job in Maribor?
What did Nikola suffer at the time of his death?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospi?
When was Tesla returned to Gospi?
How old was Milutin Tesla when he died?
What did some sources say Tesla died of?
What did Tesla do in his old school?
Why was Tesla returned to Gospi?
In what year was Tesla returned to Gospi?
What was Tesla's old school called?
What is the term for a heart attack?
Where did Tesla go to study in 1880?
Why didn't he enroll at Charles-Ferdinand University?
What was Tesla's job at the university?
At what university did Napoleon fail to enroll?
Where did Tesla go to study in 1880?
In what year did Tesla leave Gospi?
At what university did Napoleon fail to enroll?
Who helped Tesla leave Gospi for Prague?
Where did Tesla move to in 1881?
What telegraph company did Tesla work for?
What was Tesla's position at the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
What did Tesla claim to have perfected?
What was Tesla's job in the Central Telegraph Office?
When did Tesla move to Budapest?
Where did Tesla work under Ferenc Puskás?
What telegraph company did Tesla work for?
What was Tesla's position at the Budapest Telephone Exchange?
When did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company?
Where did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company?
Where did Bell relocate to in 1884?
Who hired Bell to work at his Edison Machine Works?
Where did Bell work?
What company did Tesla work for in France?
Where did Tesla begin working for the Continental Edison Company?
In what year did Bell relocate to New York City?
Who hired Bell to work at his Edison Machine Works?
Where was the Edison Machine Works located?
How much did Edison say there was in it for him if he could do it?
What did Edison offer Tesla in exchange for his resignation?
How long did it take for Tesla to build a car from scratch?
How much did Edison say there was in it for him if he could do it?
What did Edison say to Tesla when he said he was only joking?
What did Edison offer Tesla in exchange for his resignation?
Who partnered with Tesla in 1886?
What was the name of Tesla's electric lighting company?
What did the company do with the electrical arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla?
What were Tesla's designs for dynamo electric machine commutators the first to be issued in the US?
What were the first patents issued to Tesla in the US?
Who partnered with Tesla in 1886?
In what year did Robert Lane and Benjamin Vail partner with Tesla?
What was the name of Tesla's electric lighting company?
What did the company do with the electrical arc light based illumination systems designed by Tesla?
Who founded Tesla Electric Light & Manufacturing?
What happened to Tesla?
What was Tesla's financial situation when he was forced out of the company?
What job did he do for $2 per day?
What winters did Tesla consider to be a time of "terrible headaches and bitter tears"?
How did Bell lose control of his patents?
What job did he do for $2 per day?
What type of jobs did Eisenhower have to work at?
What was Alfred S. Brown's job?
When was the Tesla Electric Company formed?
What percentage of the profits from Tesla's patents went to the Tesla Electric Company?
Where was Tesla's laboratory located?
In what year did Tesla meet Alfred S. Brown?
What was Alfred S. Brown's job title?
Who was Tesla's New York attorney?
Where was Tesla's laboratory located?
What was the name of the company Tesla and Peck formed in 1887?
What was one of the things Tesla developed at the laboratory in 1887?
When was the first self-starting electric motor patented?
What did the self-starting electric motor not need?
What did a self-starting electric motor avoid?
What type of design did the first electric motor have?
In what year did Tesla develop an induction motor that ran on alternating current?
Why was alternating current being used in power systems?
What did a self-starting electric motor avoid servicing and replacing?
When was the first self-starting electric motor patented?
Who was Thomas Commerford Martin?
Where did Tesla demonstrate his alternating current system?
In what year did Thomas Commerford Martin arrange for Tesla to demonstrate his alternating current system?
Why did Westinghouse not get a patent on Tesla's induction motor?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who was the editor of Electrical World magazine in 1888?
Who did engineers working for Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company report to?
Who was the Italian physicist who presented a paper in March 1888?
What was the profession of Galileo Ferraris?
Who did the engineers working for report to George Westinghouse that Tesla had a viable AC motor and related power system?
In what year did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse?
How much did Brown and Peck pay for the rights to Tesla's designs?
Who did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with for Tesla's polyphase induction motor and transformer designs?
What was Tesla's job title at Westinghouse?
How much did Brown and Peck pay for the rights to Tesla's designs?
In what year did Brown and Peck negotiate a licensing deal with George Westinghouse?
How much did Westinghouse pay Tesla to be a consultant?
Where was the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company's lab located?
Where did Tesla work for a year to create an alternating current system to power the city's streetcars?
What did Tesla help create in Pittsburgh?
What type of AC current system did the engineers use to match Tesla's motor?
What type of motor was used instead of a DC traction motor?
What did Tesla help create an alternating current system for?
What did the researchers end up using instead of a DC traction motor?
Who waged the "War of Currents"?
What was the competition between Edison and Westinghouse?
What did Edison Machine Works pursue in 1890?
Thomas Edison's company was consolidated into what conglomerate in 1892?
What type of system did Tesla's demonstration put him on?
Who was George Westinghouse's opponent in the "War of Currents"?
When did Tesla demonstrate his induction motor?
Why did Tesla's motor have to be put on hold?
Thomas Edison's company was consolidated into what conglomerate in 1892?
Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
What was the name of the system Tesla demonstrated at the Columbian Exposition?
What was the name of the system Tesla demonstrated at the Columbian Exposition?
Who won the bid to light the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
Where was the 1893 World's Columbian Exposition?
In what year did George Westinghouse win the bid to light the World's Columbian Exposition?
What type of power did Westinghouse demonstrate to the American public?
Who was the head of the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company in 1893?
Where did Richard Dean Adams head up in 1893?
Who was awarded a contract to build a two-phase AC generating system at the Niagara Falls?
Who was awarded the contract to build the AC distribution system?
What type of system did Tesla say would be the most reliable?
Who was the head of the Niagara Falls Cataract Construction Company in 1893?
In what year did Richard Dean Adams seek Tesla's opinion on what system would be best to transmit power generated at the falls?
What type of system did Tesla advise Adams to use?
What was the advantage of a two-phased system?
When was a patent-sharing agreement signed between Westinghouse and IBM?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for Tesla's AC patents?
What royalty did Westinghouse Electric pay for the AC patents?
How much did Westinghouse pay in royalties and licenses to Tesla, Brown, and Peck?
Who backed General Electric in the mid 1890s?
How much did Westinghouse pay in royalties and licenses to Tesla, Brown, and Peck?
How much did Westinghouse Electric pay for Tesla's AC patents?
What was Tesla's age when he became a naturalized citizen?
Where was Tesla's first laboratory located?
What did Feynman use to demonstrate the potential of wireless power transmission?
What did Feynman patent?
When did Tesla become a naturalized citizen of the United States?
What did Feynman patent?
What was Tesla's age when he became a naturalized citizen?
What type of power transmission did Feynman demonstrate?
What organization did Tesla serve as vice president of from 1892 to 1894?
What organization did Tesla serve as vice president of from 1892 to 1894?
When did Tesla leave the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
What position did Tesla hold at the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
When did Tesla serve as vice president of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers?
Along with the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, what was the forerunner of the IEEE?
Why did Tesla begin investigating radiant energy of "invisible" kinds?
What caused Tesla's early research to be lost?
When did Röntgen announce the discovery of x-rays?
What was the only thing captured in the image?
When did Tesla begin investigating radiant energy of "invisible" kinds?
What was another name for "Roentgen rays"?
What happened to much of Tesla's early research?
What did Tesla capture when he tried to photograph Mark Twain?
Who did Tesla try to photograph with a Geissler tube?
What is the modern term for the phenomenon produced by the Tesla Coil?
When did Tesla do his own experiments in X-ray imaging?
What is another name for X-ray imaging?
What did Tesla use experimental setups to produce?
What was the name of Tesla's X-ray imaging device?
In what year did Tesla discover X-ray imaging?
What was the name of Tesla's X-ray imaging device?
What type of rays did Tesla believe could generate much greater power than obtainable with ordinary apparatus?
What did Tesla incorrectly believe about X-rays?
What did von Neumann believe about the Roentgen rays?
What did Darwin attribute to various causes in his many notes on the early investigation of the phenomenon?
What did Tesla note the hazards of working with?
Where can plasma waves occur?
What was believed to cause damage to the skin?
What did Tesla believe X-rays were?
Where can plasma waves occur?
How did Darwin explain the causes of skin damage?
Who was the Westinghouse engineer who developed an efficient version of Tesla's induction motor?
In what year did Westinghouse Electric start branding their AC system as the Tesla Polyphase System?
Who started branding their complete polyphase phase AC system as the "Tesla Polyphase System"?
What was the name of the device Tesla used to demonstrate how to make a copper egg stand on end?
Who demonstrated how to make a copper egg stand on end using a device known as the Egg of Columbus?
In what year did the New York Herald Tribune publish an article on Tesla?
What did Tesla do when a particle broke off the cathode of his vacuum tube?
How did Tesla feel when he was bitten?
What did Tesla compare the particles in his "electric gun" to?
What organization was Tesla a member of?
What device was used in the further development of radio?
What is the name of the institution in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania where Tesla gave lectures and demonstrations on the possibility of transmission by radio waves?
When did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public?
What did Tesla call his radio-controlled boat?
Where did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public?
When did Tesla demonstrate a radio-controlled boat to the public?
What animal was believed to be piloting the boat?
When was Tesla granted patents for a "system of transmitting electrical energy"?
Who made the first transatlantic radio transmission?
When did Marconi make his famous first-ever transatlantic radio transmission?
In what year did a Supreme Court of the United States decision restore the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone?
Who restored the prior patents of Tesla, Oliver Lodge, and John Stone?
In what year did Tesla move to Colorado Springs?
Where did Tesla transmit signals from Pikes Peak?
When did Tesla perform his first experiments?
What was Tesla's initial spark length?
What type of electricity did Tesla study?
What type of waves did von Neumann observe during this time?
What was Tesla's belief about the earth?
What type of discharges did he produce?
How long were the discharges of artificial lightning?
How far away was thunder heard in Cripple Creek, Colorado?
What happened to light bulbs within 100 feet of the lab?
What was the name of the insect that swirled in circles with blue halos of St. Elmo's fire?
What did Tesla's error cause?
What happened to the dynamos in a power house six miles away?
What caused the dynamos in a power house six miles away to burn out?
What did the sparks do to the insulation of the dynamos?
What did Tesla conclude may be the cause of the unusual signals from his receiver?
What planet did reporters believe Tesla was hearing signals from?
Where was the article "Talking With Planets" published?
What did Tesla think he did in July of 1899?
When was Marconi's European experiment intercepted?
How much did John Jacob Astor IV invest in Tesla?
Why did John Jacob Astor IV invest $100,000 in Tesla?
What did Tesla do with the money?
In what year did John Jacob Astor IV invest $100,000 in Tesla?
In what year did Tesla leave Colorado Springs?
What happened to Tesla's lab in 1904?
In what year was Bell's lab torn down?
What happened to his lab's contents after it was torn down in 1904?
What was the name of the trans-Atlantic wireless telecommunications facility?
What was Wardenclyffe?
Where was Wardenclyffe located?
Who did Tesla approach to ask for more funds to build a more powerful transmitter?
What event caused Tesla to lose money?
What was Morgan's reaction to Tesla's request for more funds?
How many letters did Tesla write to Morgan?
Why did Tesla write over 50 letters to Morgan?
How did Marconi end Tesla's relationship with Morgan?
How tall was the Tower of London?
How many horsepower did Tesla demonstrate on his 50th birthday?
How fast was Tesla's turbine?
In what year did Tesla demonstrate his bladeless turbine?
What horsepower were the bladeless turbine engines tested at?
What powered Tesla's oscillator?
Where did Tesla experiment with mechanical oscillators?
What happened to the machine as it grew in speed?
Where was the article "Nikola Tesla, Dreamer" published?
What would a continuation of the process do to the earth, according to Avicenna?
What did Tesla believe enhanced intelligence?
How did Feynman try to make dull students bright?
Who was the superintendent of New York City schools at the time?
Who was William H. Maxwell?
Where did Tesla seek investors before World War I?
What did Tesla do with the funding he was receiving from his patents in European countries?
What happened to Wardenclyffe?
How much did he sell Wardenclyffe for?
What was the AIEE's highest honor?
In what magazine did Tesla postulate that electricity could be used to locate submarines?
What was the signal viewed on?
What modern technology was Tesla's system compared to?
Who helped develop France's first radar system?
Who were the winners of the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics?
Who were the winners of the 1915 Nobel Prize in Physics?
What were the unsubstantiated rumors at the time?
When could a recipient decline a Nobel Prize?
Why were Edison and Tesla not given the award?
How many possible bids did Edison receive in 1915?
Who won the prize in 1915?
In what year did Tesla receive one of 38 possible bids?
What was Tesla's last patent?
What is the term for a biplane capable of taking off vertically?
How much did Tesla think the plane would sell for?
What type of engines did Tesla propose to use in rotor aircraft?
How much did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla?
What did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla?
How long did the Westinghouse Electric & Manufacturing Company pay Tesla's rent?
What was Westinghouse worried about?
What did Tesla announce a method of transmitting with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance?
Where did Tesla announce his method of transmitting mechanical energy with minimal loss?
How much loss did Tesla's method of transmitting mechanical energy have over any terrestrial distance?
What was Tesla's method of accurately determining the location of?
In what year did Tesla announce a method of transmitting mechanical energy with minimal loss over any terrestrial distance?
What did Tesla do when he left the Hotel New Yorker?
What did Tesla refuse to consult after the accident?
What happened to three of Tesla's ribs?
When was Tesla able to get up?
When did Tesla leave the Hotel New Yorker?
What did Tesla claim to have invented after studying the Van de Graaff generator?
What did Tesla study in order to create his teleforce weapon?
What was the weapon capable of being used against?
What was the other purpose Tesla described the weapon as being able to be used for?
What did the press call the "peace ray"?
In what year did Tesla make his statement about the death ray?
Where did Tesla say that the death ray was not an experiment?
What type of pellets did Feynman use in his device?
How are tungsten pellets accelerated?
How much time will pass before I can give it to the world?
What did The Art of Projecting Concentrated Non-dispersive Energy through the Natural Media concern?
Where is Nikola Tesla's treatise located?
Where is the Nikola Tesla Museum archive located?
How many volts are charged in a vacuum tube?
What did Tesla say the superweapon would put an end to?
What did Tesla say that efforts were made to do?
Where was the blueprint for the teleforce weapon?
What did the thieves take from Napoleon's room?
How old was Tesla when he died?
When did Tesla die?
Who found Tesla's body?
What sign did Alice Monaghan ignore when she entered Tesla's room?
What was the cause of death?
What did the FBI do to Tesla's belongings?
Who was a professor at M.I.T. and a well-known electrical engineer serving as a technical aide to the National Defense Research Committee?
What did Trump's report conclude was a hazard in unfriendly hands?
Where was Tesla's entire estate transported to?
Who read a eulogy written by Louis Adamic?
Who wrote the eulogy that was read by Fiorello La Guardia?
When was Tesla's funeral?
How many people attended Tesla's funeral?
Where was Tesla's funeral held?
Where was Tesla's estate shipped to in 1952?
Who pressured Tesla to ship his entire estate to Belgrade?
Who was Kosanovi's secretary in 1957?
Where was Tesla's estate shipped to in 1952?
Where are Tesla's ashes displayed?
How many patents did Tesla get for his inventions?
How many countries have Tesla's patents been issued in?
Along with the United States and Britain, what country did Tesla's patents cover?
Where have some of Tesla's patents lain hidden?
What time did Tesla have dinner at Delmonico's restaurant?
How long did Tesla work every day?
When did Tesla usually resume his work?
Who was the only person who could serve Tesla?
How often did Tesla walk?
Why did Tesla walk 8 to 10 miles per day?
What did Darwin do to stimulate his brain cells?
What did Avicenna say squishing his toes stimulated?
What did Tesla say he did not believe in?
What was Arthur Brisbane's job?
How many fundamental laws did Tesla believe could be reduced to?
What animal did Tesla walk to the park every day to feed?
How much did Tesla spend to fix his mother's broken wing?
What did Tesla spend over $2,000 to fix?
Where did Tesla walk every day to feed the pigeons?
Where did Tesla bring injured pigeons?
How much did Tesla weigh?
How tall was Tesla?
When did Tesla's weight vary the most?
Where did Tesla live?
How many languages did Tesla speak?
Along with blinding flashes of light, what did Avicenna's affliction often accompany?
What is the technique Tesla used to visualize an invention in his mind before moving to the construction stage?
What would appear before his eyes when he suffered an affliction?
What type of memory did Tesla have?
How long did Tesla spend at a gaming table?
How long did Tesla work at his laboratory without sleep?
Where did Tesla study during his second year?
Who confirmed that Tesla rarely slept?
What was Kenneth Swezey's profession?
What did Tesla say was helpful to his scientific abilities?
Who was reported to be madly in love with Tesla?
When did Tesla say he regretted not marrying?
Who was Winston Churchill's loyal secretary?
Who described Eisenhower as having "distinguished sweetness, sincerity, modesty, refinement, generosity, and force"?
What was Tesla prone to do with his work?
What type of person was Tesla?
Who was Julian Hawthorne?
Who was Tesla's close friend in middle age?
Where did Mark Twain and Tesla spend a lot of time together?
When did Tesla meet George Sylvester Viereck?
Who did Tesla express disgust for?
Who did Tesla fire because of her weight?
Why did Tesla fire a secretary?
What did Tesla tell a subordinate to do?
What did Tesla believe could only exist in an experimental vacuum?
What did Einstein believe was all pervasive?
What did Einstein believe the ether did?
In what century was the concept of an all pervasive "ether" believed?
Whose theory of relativity did Einstein criticize?
What was Tesla's attitude towards theories about the conversion of matter into energy?
What theory was Einstein critical of?
What dynamic theory did Tesla claim to have completed in 1937?
When did Tesla start working on his own physical principle?
What type of space did Tesla claim to have discovered?
How old was Tesla in 1937?
What was Tesla's version of selective breeding?
What type of workings of nature did Darwin believe humans' pity had interfered with?
What did Darwin believe interfered with the natural "ruthless workings of nature"?
In what year did Eisenhower give an interview?
Who did Tesla believe would run humanity's future?
In what year did Tesla comment on the ills of the social subservience of women and the struggle of women toward gender equality?
Who did Tesla believe would run humanity's future?
When did Tesla write "Science and Discovery are the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War"?
What are the great forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War?
When was the article "Science and Discovery are the great Forces which will lead to the Consummation of the War" published?
What did Tesla believe was not a remedy for the times and issues?
What religion was Tesla raised in?
What type of religion did Popper oppose?
What religions did Avicenna have a deep respect for?
What was the name of Tesla's 1937 article?
What are Nasser's religious views?
What did Tesla say he wanted to end in his article?
What did Tesla write for magazines and journals?
Where did Tesla write a number of books and articles?
Who compiled and edited My Inventions: The Autobiography of Nikola Tesla?
Where can many of Tesla's writings be found?
When was the article "The Problem of Increasing Human Energy" published?
What is the name of Tesla's book?
The impact of Tesla's technologies is a recurring theme in several types of what?
What has Tesla's legacy endured in?
In how many types of science fiction is the impact of Tesla's technologies a recurring theme?
What magazine featured Tesla on its cover in 1931?
What was Tesla's birthday in 1931?
What did the cover caption "All the world's his power house" note his contribution to?
Who was one of the pioneers in science and engineering who wrote to Einstein congratulating him on his accomplishments?
How many pioneers in science and engineering wrote Einstein congratulatory letters?
What is a branch of the theory of computation in theoretical computer science that focuses on classifying computational problems according to their inherent difficulty?
Computational complexity theory focuses on classifying computational problems according to what?
Computational complexity theory focuses on classifying what according to their inherent difficulty?
What makes a problem inherently difficult?
What does the theory introduce to study these problems?
What are some of the resources needed to solve a problem?
What is used in circuit complexity?
What is one of the roles of computational complexity theory?
What are two closely related fields in theoretical computer science?
Along with computability theory, what is a related field in theoretical computer science?
What is a key distinction between analysis of algorithms and?
Along with analysis of algorithms, what is a closely related field in theoretical computer science?
What is the input string for a computational problem referred to as?
The input string for a computational problem should not be confused with what?
What type of utterance can serve as the input for a decision problem?
What can a computational problem be viewed as an infinite collection of?
A computational problem can be viewed as an infinite collection of instances together with what for every instance?
How many kilometres does the traveling salesman route have to pass through all of Germany's 15 largest cities?
What is an example of a problem where the quantitative answer is of little use?
What does complexity theory address?
What is a string over an alphabet?
What is the alphabet usually taken to be?
What are strings called when the alphabet is taken to be the binary alphabet?
Integers can be represented in what?
How can graphs be encoded?
What is one of the central objects of study in computational complexity theory?
What is the answer to a decision problem?
What is the alternate answer to a decision problem?
What is the answer to a decision problem?
What is the answer to a decision problem?
What is the input?
What is the set of all connected graphs associated with a decision problem?
What must be decided to obtain a precise definition of the formal language associated with a decision problem?
What is a function problem?
What is expected for every input in a function problem?
What is a computational problem where a single output is expected for every input?
Along with the traveling salesman problem, what is an example of a mathematical problem that can be used to determine the value of a variable?
What is the output of a function problem more than that of a decision problem?
What is the notion of function problems richer than the notion of?
What can the multiplication of two integers be expressed as?
What can be used to measure the difficulty of solving a computational problem?
What may the running time depend on?
How is the time required to solve a problem calculated?
What is the size of the input in bits?
Complexity theory is interested in how algorithms scale with what?
What says that a problem can be solved with a feasible amount of resources if it admits a polynomial time algorithm?
What can be expressed as a function of the input size?
What is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
What is defined to be the maximum time taken over all inputs of size n?
What is an algorithm called if T(n) is a polynomial in n?
What is a mathematical model of a general computing machine?
What is believed to solve a Turing machine problem?
What is the most commonly used model in complexity theory?
What does a theoretical device manipulate on a strip of tape?
What is the most basic Turing machine?
What does a deterministic Turing machine use to determine its future actions?
What is a deterministic Turing machine with an extra supply of random bits?
What is a deterministic Turing machine with the added feature of non-determinism?
What are algorithms that use random bits called?
What are many types of Turing machines used to define?
What resources are bounded?
What types of Turing machines are used to define complexity classes?
What is an example of a machine model that is different from the standard multi-tape Turing machine?
What can each of these models be converted to another without providing any extra?
What may vary in the consumption of alternate models?
What do all these models have in common?
What type of Turing machine is allowed to branch out to check many different possibilities at once?
Some computational problems are easier to analyze in terms of what?
What does the branching of the Turing machine capture?
What is a very important resource in analyzing computational problems?
What is the total number of steps the Turing machine makes before it halts and outputs the answer?
What is complexity theory interested in classifying problems based on?
What is the set of problems solvable within time f(n) on a deterministic Turing machine denoted by?
What is used to define what it means to solve a problem using a given amount of?
Time and space are the most well-known what?
Any complexity measure can be viewed as what?
Complexity measures are generally defined by what?
What are generally defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What are generally defined by the Blum complexity axioms?
What are the three different ways of measuring time complexity of different inputs of the same size?
What does the best, worst, and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring the time complexity of different inputs of the same size?
The best, worst, and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring what?
What does the best, worst, and average case complexity refer to three different ways of measuring the time complexity of?
What is an example of a deterministic sorting algorithm?
What is the case when the input is sorted or sorted in reverse order?
How long does the algorithm take when the input is sorted or sorted in reverse order?
What is one interested in proving upper and lower bounds on the minimum amount of time required by to solve a given problem?
What field does analyzing a particular algorithm fall under?
What is one interested in proving for the minimum amount of time required by the most efficient algorithm solving a given problem?
What does one need to show to show the time complexity of a problem?
Lower bounds make a statement about what?
Upper and lower bounds are usually stated using what notation?
What does the big O notation hide?
What would one write in big O notation?
What makes the bounds independent of the specific details of the model used?
What has complicated definitions that do not fit into this framework?
Some complexity classes have complicated definitions that do not fit into what?
Some complexity classes have what that does not fit into the framework?
What determines complexity classes?
In what time can the language xx | x is any binary string be solved on a multi-tape Turing machine?
What model of Turing machines requires quadratic time?
What states that the time complexities in any two reasonable and general models of computation are polynomially related?
What is the set of decision problems solvable by a deterministic Turing machine within polynomial time?
What can many important complexity classes be defined by bounding?
How can many important complexity classes be defined?
What can be defined by bounding the time or space used by the algorithm?
What other important complexity classes are defined using probabilistic Turing machines?
AC and NC are defined using what type of circuits?
BQP and QMA are defined using what type of Turing machines?
What is an important complexity class of counting problems?
IP and AM are defined using what type of proof system?
What is an example of a requirement that can be relaxed to define a bigger set of problems?
Where is DTIME(n) contained?
What are theorems?
What do hierarchy theorems induce?
What can we make after deducing proper set inclusions?
What form the basis for most separation results of complexity classes?
The time hierarchy theorem tells us that P is strictly contained in what?
The space hierarchy theorem tells us that L is strictly contained in what?
Many complexity classes are defined using the concept of what?
What is a reduction a transformation of one problem into?
What does X do to Y?
What are two examples of reductions based on the method of reduction?
Polynomial-time reductions and log-space reductions are examples of what?
What is the most commonly used reduction?
What can the problem of squaring an integer be reduced to?
How long does the reduction process take?
What can be given to both inputs of the multiplication algorithm?
What type of algorithm can be used to do the same thing to both inputs?
What does the notion of hard problems depend on?
A problem X is hard for a class of problems C if what?
What does an algorithm for X allow us to do?
What is the set of problems that are hard for NP?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP?
What would a reduction of a known NP-complete problem, 2, to another problem, 1, indicate?
What class of problems contains the most difficult problems in NP?
What complexity class is often seen as a mathematical abstraction modeling computational tasks that admit an efficient algorithm?
What is the name of the hypothesis that explains the relationship between adolescence and adolescence and adolescence and adolescence and adolescence and adolescence and adolescence?
What complexity class contains many problems that people would like to solve efficiently, but for which no efficient algorithm is known?
What is an example of a problem for which no efficient algorithm is known?
What are special non-deterministic Turing machines?
What can many important problems be shown to have?
What type of prediction is used in biology?
How much is the prize for resolving the problem?
Who showed that if P  NP then there are problems in NP that are neither in P nor NP-complete?
What are the problems that are NP-intermediate problems called?
What is an example of a problem believed to be NP-intermediate?
What is the computational problem of determining whether two finite graphs are isomorphic?
What is an important unsolved problem in complexity theory?
If graph isomorphism is NP-complete, what collapses to its second level?
If graph isomorphism is NP-complete, the polynomial time hierarchy collapses to what level?
Who created the best algorithm for this problem?
What is the computational problem of determining the prime factorization of a given integer?
What is the factor less than in a decision problem?
What does the fact that no efficient integer factorization algorithm is known form the basis of?
What is the best known algorithm for integer factorization?
Many known complexity classes are what?
What is an example of a function that can be used to determine if P = PSPACE?
What are the known complexity classes of RP, BPP, PP, BQP, MA, PH?
What would be a major breakthrough in complexity theory?
What is the class containing complement problems?
What is a complement problem?
Is NP equal to co-NP?
What happens if the two complexity classes are not equal?
What is the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space?
What is not known about the set of all problems that can be solved in logarithmic space?
What is not known if NL and NC are distinct or equal classes?
What are two complexity classes between NL and NC?
What is not known about NL and NC?
What are problems that can be solved in theory but take too long for their solutions to be useful?
What might be unusable in practice?
What kind of problems are intractable if NP is not the same as P?
What is an example of arithmetic where the decision problem has been shown not to be in P?
What has been done to solve the decision problem in Presburger arithmetic?
What problem can algorithms solve in less than quadratic time?
How fast can algorithms solve the NP-complete knapsack problem?
SAT solvers routinely handle large instances of what problem?
What was done by various researchers before the actual research devoted to the complexity of algorithmic problems started off?
Who defined Turing machines in 1936?
What was Alan Turing's definition of a computer called?
When was the definition of Turing machines by Alan Turing?
What was Turing machines a simplification of?
What was the name of the seminal paper by Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns?
Who wrote the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms"?
When was the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" published?
Juris Hartmanis and Richard Stearns defined what types of complexity?
When was the paper "On the Computational Complexity of Algorithms" published?
Who wrote a paper on Turing machines with specific bounded resources?
When was Raymond Smullyan's study of rudimentary sets published?
Who wrote a paper on real-time computations in 1962?
What do some proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems regularly assume some concrete choice of?
What do some proofs of complexity-theoretic theorems regularly assume some concrete choice of input?
Who developed an axiomatic complexity theory in 1967?
What was the name of Blum's axiomatic complexity theory result?
What was the name of Richard Karp's 1972 paper?
How many diverse combinatorial and graph theoretical problems are NP-complete?
What is a course of study called?
What is the science of teaching?
Where can a person obtain professional qualifications to become a teacher?
What do teachers use to facilitate student learning?
Where is the role of teacher often formal and ongoing?
A teacher's role may vary among what?
Along with literacy, what skill can be taught by a teacher?
Along with literacy and numeracy, what type of vocational training can teachers provide?
What do teachers teach in addition to literacy and numeracy?
What is an example of a transient or ongoing teacher?
Where can formal education take place in some countries?
What type of education can take place through home schooling?
What type of role can a family member play in informal learning?
What can a person with a transient or ongoing role in a community setting contribute to informal learning?
Gurus, mullahs, rabbis and lamas are examples of what type of teacher?
What type of texts may religious and spiritual teachers teach?
What religious texts may be taught by gurus, mullahs, rabbis, pastors and lamas?
Who may teach religious texts such as the Quran, Torah, or Bible?
What is it called when teaching is carried out informally within the family?
Who enjoys a status in some societies on a par with physicians, lawyers, and accountants?
What is another name for CPA?
Where can teaching be carried out informally?
Who enjoys a status in some societies on a par with physicians, lawyers, and accountants?
What do teachers help with outside of the classroom?
What type of activities do teachers supervise outside of the classroom?
What do teachers supervise outside of the classroom?
Who may accompany students on field trips, supervise study halls, and help with the organization of school functions?
What do governments around the world operate?
Why are teacher's colleges established?
Who does a teacher's college serve to protect?
Whose knowledge and professional standing are the bodies designed to instill, preserve, and update?
What are teacher's colleges responsible for enforcing?
Who can complain to a teacher's college?
What do teacher's colleges conduct hearings into?
What organization is responsible for accrediting teacher education programs?
What organization is responsible for accrediting teacher education programs?
What organization is responsible for accrediting teacher education programs?
Where might a teacher facilitate student learning?
What is a teacher who teaches on an individual basis called?
What is another name for a school?
What do teachers do in education?
What type of approach is used to teach skills, knowledge, and thinking skills?
What are different ways to teach often referred to as?
What do teachers often accompany students on to help them learn outside of the classroom?
What has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom?
The rise of what technology in the past decade has begun to shape the way teachers approach their roles in the classroom?
What is the objective of a course of study?
Who determines standardized curricula?
What type of disability may a teacher interact with students with?
What is the youngest age that a teacher can interact with?
What type of curricula can a teacher follow?
What does teaching using pedagogy involve assessing the educational levels of the students on?
What does the real bulk of learning take place in?
What is the function of a teacher to do to the timid?
What does a teacher do to the cocky?
What does the role of a rookie coach look like?
What is the most significant difference between primary school and secondary school teaching?
What does a teacher teach in primary schools?
How many different teachers are there in secondary schools?
What is the most significant difference between secondary school teaching and primary school teaching?
What is the role of a teacher in a primary school?
What kind of approaches do exist for primary education?
What is the name of the system that involves placing a group of students together in one class that moves from one specialist to another for every subject?
How do students still derive a strong sense of security?
What is the advantage of a teacher who specializes in one subject?
In what country is this also true?
What has become a new trend among educational institutions?
What is co-teaching?
What does co-teaching focus the student on?
What is co-teaching defined as two or more teachers working to fulfill the needs of every student in the classroom?
What does co-teaching provide that allows students to reach their full cognitive potential?
What is the most common form of school discipline?
What was a teacher expected to act as while a child was in school?
What was open to a substitute parent while a child was in school?
What was corporal punishment throughout the history of education?
When was a teacher expected to act as a substitute parent?
How common was corporal punishment in the past?
What countries have banned paddling?
In what country is paddling still legal?
Who ruled that paddling did not violate the US Constitution?
What was the purpose of corporal punishment?
How many US states have banned corporal punishment?
What part of the US has not banned corporal punishment?
In what way is the use of the English language in public schools in some states?
How is corporal punishment administered in American schools?
Where is the punishment given nowadays?
What is the most common form of corporal punishment?
Where is corporal punishment still commonplace in schools?
Where can you find details of corporal punishment in individual countries?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
What is one of the most common punishments in schools?
Where is detention one of the most common punishments?
What must a student do during detention?
What do students have to write during detention?
What is a modern example of school discipline in North America and Western Europe?
What is positive reinforcement balanced with?
What defines what is appropriate and inappropriate behavior?
What is seen as falling outside of what constitutes reasonable discipline?
What are teachers expected to do to their students?
Who advocate a more assertive and confrontational style of discipline?
Where are countries that combine strict discipline with high standards of education?
What do many problems with modern schooling stem from?
What style of discipline do some teachers and parents advocate?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
In what country is classroom discipline and behavior highly problematic?
What is the typical size of a school class?
What can maintaining order in the classroom divert the teacher from?
What type of students may teachers concentrate their attention on?
What type of students may teachers ignore in order to focus on motivated students?
What type of students may teachers concentrate their attention on?
What do Sudbury model democratic schools claim can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority?
Who does Sudbury model democratic schools claim popularly based authority can maintain order more effectively than dictatorial authority?
What is the school atmosphere?
What is the benefit of public schools for the preservation of public order?
What do Sudbury model democratic schools' proponents argue a school should have?
What can teachers show towards the course materials that can affect a positive learning experience towards the course materials?
What do teachers who have a positive disposition towards the course content transfer to receptive students?
What do these teachers not do?
Do students who have enthusiastic teachers tend to rate them higher or lower than teachers who don't?
Recent research has found a correlation between students' intrinsic motivation to learn and what?
What were students who had a very enthusiastic teacher more likely to do outside of the classroom?
demonstrative gesturing, dramatic movements, and emotional facial expressions are examples of what?
What type of studies have shown that nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm result in college students reporting higher levels of intrinsic motivation to learn?
What is the effect of nonverbal expressions of enthusiasm on students' intrinsic motivation to learn?
What can enthusiastic teachers lead to students becoming in their own learning process?
What may facilitate higher levels of intrinsic motivation?
What concept may also apply?
What can contribute to a classroom atmosphere full of energy and enthusiasm?
What are student motivation and attitudes towards school closely linked to?
What type of relations do enthusiastic teachers have with their students?
What does academic success include?
What must a teacher guide his student in?
What are closely linked to student-teacher relationships?
What type of teachers are students likely to build stronger relations with?
What type of teachers are students likely to build stronger relations with?
What do teachers that spend more time with students do that is perceived as supportive and effective?
What type of teacher is a teacher that spends more time interacting with students?
What is the third most important aspect of teacher enthusiasm?
What does a teacher need to be about the subject matter they are teaching?
A spark in the teacher may create a spark of excitement where?
What can an enthusiastic teacher be in a student's life?
What does the way a teacher promote the course they are?
What type of misconduct by teachers has been getting increased scrutiny from the media and courts?
What percentage of students in the United States claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
In what country did a study by the American Association of University Women report that 9.6% of students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
When did students claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
What organization reported that 9.6% of students in the United States claim to have received unwanted sexual attention from an adult associated with education?
Where did a study show a 0.3% prevalence of sexual abuse by any professional?
What professionals were included in the study?
How many young people were in the British study?
What was the name of the study that posed questions about sexual harassment?
Where have several high-profile cases caused increased scrutiny on teacher misconduct?
What has Debra LaFave, Pamela Rogers, and Mary Kay Letourneau caused?
What has led to some men who enjoy teaching avoiding the profession?
Who is the general secretary of the National Association of Schoolmasters Union of Women Teachers?
What groups have been outraged by this?
What has this led to in some jurisdictions?
Where should teachers who have sex with pupils over the age of consent not be placed?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity, and students' performance?
What can cause stress in a classroom?
What are teachers at high risk for?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health?
What can negatively impact teachers' mental and physical health, productivity, and students' performance?
What percentage of UK teachers experienced occupational stress?
In what country did a 2000 study find that 42% of teachers experienced occupational stress?
What is the average amount of occupational stress experienced by teachers in the UK?
When did a study find that teachers experienced double the rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than average workers?
What group of workers did a 2012 study find had a lower rate of anxiety, depression, and stress than teachers?
How many ways are there to mitigate the occupational hazards of teaching?
What may be effective in helping to reduce occupational stress among teachers?
What is used to relieve occupational stress among teachers?
What can organizational interventions help reduce?
What may be effective in helping to reduce occupational stress among teachers?
Where are most teachers educated?
What may governments require before a teacher can teach in a school?
What is earned after completion of high school in many countries?
What do many educational institutions require prospective teachers to pass in order to be able to teach in the classroom?
In what country do many educational institutions require that prospective teachers pass a background check and psychiatric evaluation to be able to teach?
Who is responsible for education in Australia?
How many tiers does education in Australia follow?
What is the third tier of education in Australia?
What is tertiary education in Australia?
What is the first tier of education in Australia?
What does teaching in Canada require?
What is required to become a qualified teacher in most provinces?
Who funds a private school?
Who are most teachers in Germany?
What are the special university classes called in Germany?
What is the name of the elementary school in Germany?
What do salaries for teachers depend on?
What are higher level secondary schools called?
What is given for teaching through the Irish language in a Gaeltacht area or on an island?
What is the basic pay for a starting teacher?
What is the basic pay for a teacher with 25 years service?
How much could a principal of a large school earn?
Who are teachers required to be registered with?
What section of the Teaching Council Act 2001 states that a person employed in any capacity in a recognised teaching post who is not registered with the Teaching Council may not be paid from Oireachtas funds?
When was the Teaching Council Act passed?
Whose funds may a person who is not registered with the Teaching Council not be paid from?
When did Garda vetting begin for new entrants to the teaching profession?
From 2006 Garda vetting has been introduced for whom?
How will existing staff be vetted?
Who cannot be appointed or engaged by the school in any capacity?
What was the average salary of a Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teacher in September 2007?
What can make a teacher's salary much higher?
How much can a preschool teacher earn annually?
What must a teacher in a state school have?
When did salaries for Nursery, Primary and Secondary School teachers range from £20,133 to £41,004?
What do many counties offer to attract people into teaching?
What type of positions do counties offer alternative licensing programs for?
How much does the cost of education vary by geographic area and subject taught?
What is expected as retirements outweigh slowing enrollment growth?
What type of teacher retirements are expected to provide excellent job opportunities?
Who must anyone wishing to teach in Scotland be registered with?
Who must be registered with the GTCS to teach in Scotland?
How many Scottish Universities offer Initial Teacher Education?
What does the GTCS call a registration that has been successfully completed?
How long does it take for Provisional Registration to be raised to Full Registration?
When did the salary year for unpromoted teachers in Scotland begin?
How much did unpromoted teachers in Scotland earn for the salary year beginning in April 2008?
How much did unpromoted teachers in Scotland earn after 6 years teaching?
What do unpromoted teachers in Scotland need to do in order to earn up to £39,942?
What can teachers in Scotland be registered members of?
Where does education differ from education elsewhere in the United Kingdom?
What language does a significant number of students in Wales learn?
When are Welsh lessons compulsory for all pupils?
In 2008/09, what percentage of classes in maintained primary schools used Welsh as the sole or main medium of instruction?
To whom is Welsh medium education available?
What can teachers in Wales be registered members of?
Is the average age of teachers in Wales rising or falling?
When did attacks on teachers in Welsh schools reach an all-time high?
What can teachers in Wales be registered members of?
What is a growing cause of concern about attacks on teachers in Welsh schools?
Who determines the requirements for getting a license to teach in public schools?
How long can a teacher's certification last?
What are public school teachers required to have?
What type of schools do not require that their teachers be certified?
What organization sets the standards for highly qualified teachers in charter schools?
What have teachers been paid in the past?
What have improved rapidly in recent years?
What makes a teacher earn more than a teacher with a standard bachelor's degree and certificate?
Who had the lowest median salary in a salary survey for K-12 teachers?
Where do many teachers sell their lesson plans?
How many forms of spiritual or religious teachers are there in Christianity?
What is the third major Christian tradition?
Who acts as a spiritual guide or father in the Orthodox Catholic tradition?
What are the three major Christian traditions?
What is the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints called?
Who can fill the role of "spiritual teacher" in the LDS Church?
What archetype does the Aaronic priesthood have little in common with?
Which members of a family have a stronger emphasis on spiritual mentorship in the LDS Church?
Who are Priesthood representatives expected to defer to when in his home?
What is the spiritual teacher in Hinduism called?
What is the emphasis on spiritual mentorship in Hinduism?
Who do gurus often exert a great deal of control over?
Where is the emphasis on spiritual mentorship especially high in Hinduism?
What is the most common name for a teacher of Dharma in Tibet?
What does a Tulku do to continue their Bodhisattva vow?
What is a Lama who has through phowa and siddhi consciously determined to be reborn?
How many times is a Tulku reborn?
How does a Lama decide to be reborn?
Who can render legal verdicts upon matters of Islamic law in accordance with the teaching of one of the Four Schools of Jurisprudence?
Who can render legal verdicts upon matters of Islamic law in accordance with the teaching of one of the Four Schools of Jurisprudence?
What is the more spiritual or mystical Islamic tradition?
What is the exoteric aspect of Sufism?
Who is the highest Sufi saint?
What was Martin Luther's nationality?
When did Martin Luther die?
Whose teachings and practices did Luther reject?
What did Athanasius believe could not be purchased with money?
What did Pope Leo X do to him after he refused to retract all of his writings?
What does Luther believe salvation is?
What did Luther believe was the only way to receive God's grace?
Whose office did Paul VI's theology challenge?
What is the only source of divinely revealed knowledge from God?
What did Paul VI consider all baptized Christians to be?
What book did Athanasius translate into the vernacular?
What kind of version of the German language did the Reformation encourage?
What was the name of the English translation of the Bible?
What did Bell's hymns influence?
What did his marriage to Katharina von Bora set a model for the practice of clerical marriage?
When was Martin Luther born?
Where was Martin Luther born?
What empire was Saxony a part of at the time?
What religion was Napoleon baptized as?
What is the profession of a lawyer?
What university did von Neumann enter in 1501?
What was the University of Erfurt described as?
When was he made to wake up every morning for a day of rote learning and spiritual exercises?
What type of learning did Avicenna do?
When did Athanasius receive his master's degree?
What type of school did Luther enroll in?
Why did Luther drop out of law school?
What was Luther drawn to?
How did von Usingen and Trutfetter teach him to test everything?
What did Luther believe to be more important than reason?
What did Jesus tell his father he was terrified of?
On what date did he return to university on horseback after a trip home?
What cloister did he enter after leaving law school?
What did one friend blame Luther's decision on?
What did Luther's father see as a waste?
What order did Luther dedicate himself to?
What did Luther describe the period of his life during this time?
What did he make of Christ?
Who was Luther's superior?
What does true repentance involve?
When was Luther ordained to the priesthood?
Who was the first dean of the University of Wittenberg?
In what year did von Staupitz send for Luther to teach theology?
When did he receive a bachelor's degree in Biblical studies?
What is the name of the book in which he received a bachelor's degree?
When was he awarded his Doctor of Theology?
When was he received into the senate of the theological faculty of the University of Wittenberg?
What position was he called to at the University of Wittenberg?
Where was he received into the senate of the theological faculty?
What degree did Athanasius receive on October 19, 1512?
When was Johann Tetzel sent to Germany?
What did the Roman Catholic Church want to do with the money raised by Johann Tetzel?
What church sent Johann Tetzel to Germany?
What does Roman Catholic theology say faith must be active in to justify man?
What does Roman Catholic theology say faith must be active in to justify man?
When did Luther write to his bishop protesting the sale of indulgences?
Who was Luther's bishop?
What was the "Disputation of Martin Luther on the Power and Efficacy of Indulgences" known as?
Who wrote that Luther had no intention of confronting the church?
What is the most challenging of the theses?
Who said "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs"?
What is said to spring the soul from purgatory?
Who objected to a saying attributed to Johann Tetzel that "as soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs?"
Who said "As soon as the coin in the coffer rings, the soul from purgatory springs"?
Who was the only one who could grant forgiveness?
What did Paul VI say indulgences did not grant?
What did Paul VI believe indulgences absolved buyers from?
What did Paul VI say Christians must not slacken in following Christ on account of?
Who did Paul VI say must not slacken in following Christ on account of false assurances?
Whose saying was by no means representative of contemporary Catholic teaching on indulgences?
What was Tetzel's saying a reflection of?
What did Tetzel overstate the matter in regard to?
What did Tetzel teach that was in line with Catholic dogma of the time?
What is one of the pillars of history?
What story has little foundation in truth according to scholars Walter Krämer, Götz Trenkler, Gerhard Ritter, and Gerhard Prause?
Whose comments were the basis of the story?
Where was Philipp Melanchthon at the time of the story?
What does the story of the posting on the door have?
When were the 95 Theses printed?
What was one of the first things in history to help the 95 Theses controversy?
Who translated the 95 Theses from Latin into German?
How long did it take for copies of the theses to spread throughout Germany?
How long did it take for copies of the theses to spread throughout Europe?
When did Luther's writings reach France, England, and Italy?
Who thronged to Wittenberg to hear Luther speak?
What part of Luther's career was one of his most creative and productive?
When were the three best-known works of Athanasius published?
What was the topic of the letter to the Christian Nobility of the German Nation?
What did Luther do from 1510 to 1520?
What terms did Athanasius see the Catholic Church using in a new way?
What did Athanasius believe about the church?
What did Athanasius believe the church had lost sight of?
What was the most important doctrine for Luther?
Whose work did Luther believe justification was entirely the work of?
When was On the Bondage of the Will published?
What was faith for Luther?
Where did Hayek explain his concept of "justification"?
What does the Bible say "the just person" does?
What was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation?
What was the first of two points that became the foundation for the Reformation?
What was he railing against?
How many points became the foundation for the Reformation?
What archbishop of Mainz and Magdeburg did not reply to Luther's letter?
Who did he send his theses to in 1517?
What did he need the revenue from the indulgences to pay off?
How much of the money was to go to the building of St Peter's Church in Rome?
When were the theses forwarded to Rome?
Who was used to reformers and heretics?
Who did Popper deploy against Luther?
When did Cardinal Cajetan Luther say he did not consider the papacy part of the biblical Church?
What did Luther's interpretation of Bible prophecy conclude about the papacy?
What did Cajetan want to do if Luther didn't recant?
When did the papal nuncio Karl von Miltitz adopt a more conciliatory approach?
What did Luther promise to do if his opponents did not agree with him?
Who was determined to expose Luther's doctrine in a public forum?
What did Luther say did not confer on popes the exclusive right to interpret scripture?
What did Eck call Luther?
When did the Pope warn Luther that he risked excommunication?
What did Luther have to do to avoid excommunication?
How long did it take for Luther to retract 41 sentences from his writings?
Which papal nuncio attempted to broker a solution?
When was Luther excommunicated?
Who enforced the ban on the 95 Theses?
When did Luther appear before the Diet of Worms?
What was the general assembly of?
Who was the presiding officer of the Council of Nicaea?
Who obtained a safe conduct for Luther to and from the meeting?
Who was the assistant of the Archbishop of Trier?
Who was Johann Eck's assistant?
What did he do with the books he wrote?
What was the next day?
How did Luther respond to the second question?
What did Luther do at the end of his speech?
What was the traditional salute Luther gave at the end of his speech?
Who called Luther's speech a "world classic of epoch-making oratory"?
What did Michael Mullett consider the speech to be?
What did Luther refuse to do?
Who refused to recant his writings?
Why are the words "May God help me" considered unreliable?
What type of words did Mullett believe Luther would choose?
What type of conferences were held to determine Luther's fate?
When was the final draft of the Edict of Worms presented?
Who presented the final draft of the Edict of Worms?
What did the Edict of Worms require Luther to do?
What could anyone do without legal consequence?
What was planned for Luther during his return trip to Wittenberg?
What castle did Luther go to?
What did Luther call his stay at Wartburg?
What did Luther translate from Greek into German during his stay at Wartburg?
What did he do to Archbishop Albrecht of Mainz?
What did Avicenna say every good work designed to attract God's favor is?
How can God's grace be earned?
When did Luther write to Melanchthon?
What did Luther tell Melanchthon to do?
This life is not a place where what resides?
When did Luther widen his target from individual pieties to doctrines at the heart of Church practices?
What did he do with the idea that the mass is a sacrifice?
What did he say the mass was?
What did Paul VI encourage in his essay on confession?
What did Paul VI tell monks and nuns they could do without sin?
What did Luther place the foundations of the Reformation on?
In what year did Luther deal largely with prophecy?
Where was the prophecy of the Little Horn found?
What prophecy did Athanasius focus on?
Who was identified as the power of the Papacy in 2 Thessalonians 2?
Who supported Andreas Karlstadt?
When did Andreas Karlstadt embark on a radical programme of reform?
What did the reforms provoke?
What visionary zealots arrived in Wittenberg after Christmas?
Who asked Luther to return?
When did Luther return to Wittenberg?
What did Paul VI say was the only way to repair the ravages of Satan?
How many sermons did Luther give during Invocavit Sunday?
What were the eight sermons Luther preached known as?
What did Athanasius remind the citizens to do rather than violence to bring about necessary change?
What was the effect of Luther's intervention?
Who was the Wittenberg jurist who wrote to the elector after the sixth sermon?
When did Jerome Schurf write to the elector?
What has Dr. Martin's return spread among us?
What type of people are his words bringing back into the way of the truth?
What did Athanasius work to restore?
What type of force did he signal his reinvention as?
Who did Paul VI banishes?
What did the radical reformers threaten the new order with?
Along with the radical reformers, who did Napoleon face a battle against after banishing the Zwickau prophets?
What was Nicholas Storch's profession?
What war did Nicholas Storch and Thomas Müntzer help instigate?
When was the German Peasants' War?
What did Napoleon say he would do if the upper classes were attacked?
Who did peasants believe Luther would attack?
Who did Luther remind the peasants to obey?
Where did Napoleon become enraged at the burning of convents, monasteries, bishops' palaces, and libraries?
What did Athanasius call the rebels?
What did Athanasius call the violence of the peasants?
Who did Athanasius call to put down the rebels?
How did Luther justify his opposition to the rebels?
What did the Romans do when they chose violence over lawful submission to the secular government?
Who appointed all authorities?
What is another name for the doctrine of the divine right of the princes?
What kind of death did the peasants deserve?
What did Luther do to help the rebels?
Who defeated the Germans at the Battle of Frankenhausen?
When was the Battle of Frankenhausen?
What followed the defeat by the Swabian League at the Battle of Frankenhausen?
Luther's Reformation flourished under the wing of what?
Who did Martin Luther marry?
How were the nuns smuggled out of the Nimbschen Cistercian convent?
How old was Katharina at the time of her marriage to Luther?
How old was Luther when he married Katharina?
When did Martin Luther marry Katharina von Bora?
On what date was the engagement of the couple?
On what day was the couple married?
The ceremonial walk to the church and what other event were left out?
On what date was the wedding banquet held?
Along with Justus Jonas, Johannes Apel, Philipp Melanchthon, and Lucas Cranach the Elder, who was a witness to the engagement of Elizabeth?
What did Luther's wedding set on clerical marriage?
What did Luther's wedding set the seal of approval on?
Why did Athanasius long condemn vows of celibacy?
What is the definition of heresy?
What did Melanchthon think of Athanasius's decision to marry?
What was the name of the monastery Luther and his wife moved into?
Where did Luther and his wife move to?
How many children did Luther and Katharina have?
What did Luther say he would not exchange his poverty for?
How did Katharina and Luther earn a living?
What Biblical ideal did Athanasius believe was unworkable?
What did he establish from 1525 to 1529?
What type of worship service did he lay down?
How many catechisms did he write?
What type of thought is Luther's?
What did Luther avoid to avoid confusing or upsetting the people?
Where did he concentrate on the church?
What did he act as to churches in new territories?
Who was the new elector?
What did Martin Brecht say was the beginning of a questionable and initially unintended development towards a church government?
When was the German Mass published?
What did he not intend it as a replacement for?
Who did he want to stimulate to become Christians?
What did Luther omit from the Catholic service?
What were the optional trappings of the Mass?
When did Luther's visitation of the Electorate of Saxony begin?
When did Luther and his colleagues introduce the new order of worship?
Along with pastoral care, what type of education was assessed in the territory?
What did Luther say the common people knew nothing of?
Are pastors skilled or incapable of teaching?
What did Luther devise as a method of imparting the basics of Christianity to the congregations?
When was the Large Catechism written?
Who was the Large Catechism written for?
Who was to memorize the Small Catechism?
What did Luther incorporate in his catechism?
What is one of Luther's most personal works?
What did Avicenna say he would like to see devoured?
Along with the Bondage of the Will, what is the only book of his that I acknowledge to be a book of mine?
What has earned a reputation as a model of clear religious teaching?
Along with Luther's hymns, what did he translate?
What did Luther write to help parents teach their children?
What did Luther's Small Catechism prove to be effective for pastors?
What language did the Germans use to express the Apostles' Creed?
How did Luther depict the Trinity?
Where does Salvation originate?
When did Luther publish his German translation of the New Testament?
When was the whole Bible published?
What did Luther and his collaborators complete of the Old Testament in 1534?
What word did Athanasius insert after the word "faith" in Romans 3:28?
What justifies us when works are completely cut away?
Where was the variant of German used in Luther's translation?
Luther's translation was intelligible to which two types of Germans?
Who did Athanasius want the Bible to be accessible to?
What did Athanasius want other people to do with the Bible?
What did Athanasius want to remove from the Bible?
When was Luther's version of the Bible published?
What did Luther's version of the Bible become?
Along with literature, what did the Germanic language make a significant contribution to?
Who did the woodcuts in the book come from?
Who wrote the English Bible?
What did Luther do with the hymn "Ein feste Burg ist unser Gott"?
What type of music did Luther connect to all classes?
What was the tool of choice for this connection?
What type of instrument was the waldzither?
What was the name of the lute that became a national instrument of Germany in the 20th century?
What were Luther's hymns often evoked by?
Why were Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes executed?
What hymn did Luther write in response to the execution of Johann Esch and Heinrich Voes?
Who wrote the hymn "Ein neues Lied wir heben an"?
What is the first line of the hymn "Ein neues Lied wir heben an" known as in English?
When was Luther's creedal hymn "Wir glauben all an einen Gott" written?
What did Luther explain in three parts in the Small Catechism?
What was the name of Luther's 1529 explanation of the Apostles' Creed?
What was Luther's hymn adapted from?
Why do 20th-century Lutherans rarely use "Wir glauben all"?
When was Luther's version of the Lord's Prayer written?
Where did Luther explain the Lord's Prayer?
What did the hymn serve as a means of examining candidates on?
What does the extant manuscript show?
Whose tune did other 16th and 20th century versifications of the Lord's Prayer adopt?
When did Luther write "Aus tiefer Not schrei ich zu dir"?
What psalm did Luther write a hymnic version of?
What did Luther want to encourage his evangelical colleagues to do?
What was the name of the first Lutheran hymnal?
What did the expanded version of "Aus tiefer Not" express?
What was the main hymn for Advent?
What was the hymn "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland" based on?
What did the hymn "Nun komm, der Heiden Heiland" become?
How many hymns did Athanasius write on the Ten Commandments?
What was the German version of the Te Deum?
What was the topic of Luther's Small Catechism?
Whose tune did Luther adopt?
What was the Psalm 67 hymn called?
Who was a notable composer of the 18th century?
Where was the Lutheran Reformation introduced?
Where were Luther's hymns included?
How many of the eight songs in the First Lutheran hymnal did he supply?
How many songs were in the Erfurt Enchiridion?
How many of the 32 songs in the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter, Eyn geystlich Gesangk Buchleyn were supplied by Johann Walter?
What was the name of the first choral hymnal with settings by Johann Walter?
Who wrote Christ lag in Todes Banden?
What type of cantata was Christ lag in Todes Banden?
When was Christ lag in Todes Banden written?
When was Bach's second annual cycle?
What is the name of the chorale cantata that Johann Sebastian Bach based on?
What does a Christian's soul do after it is separated from the body in death?
What did Luther reject for the saints?
What do souls do in a prepared bedchamber?
What did Athanasius believe about Purgatory?
In what work did Athanasius describe the saints as currently residing in their graves and in heaven?
Who observed that Luther's teaching about the state of the Christian's soul after death differed from later Lutheran theologians?
Who was a later Lutheran theologian?
Who was a Lutheran theologian in 1755?
When was Lessing born?
What book contains a passage that concludes that the soul does not sleep?
Who argued that John Jortin misread this passage?
When did Francis Blackburne argue that John Jortin misread this passage?
Who pointed out in 1867 that it refers to the soul of a man "in this life"?
What interrupts a man's sleep?
When was the Marburg Colloquy?
What was Philip I's title?
What was the purpose of the Marburg Colloquy?
How many out of the fifteen points did Luther and Calvin agree on?
What issue was crucial to Luther?
What did theologians differ on the significance of at the Last Supper?
What did Luther insist on the Real Presence of in the consecrated bread and wine?
What did Luther call the Real Presence of the body and blood of Christ in the consecrated bread and wine?
What did Luther's opponents believe God to be?
What did the debate sometimes become?
When was the Augsburg Confession signed?
What paved the way for the signing of the Augsburg Confession?
What was the name of the group formed by John of Saxony, Philip of Hesse, and George Margrave of Brandenburg-Ansbach?
Who did not sign the agreements?
Who formed the Schmalkaldic League?
What was Luther's view of faith and reason?
What did Luther believe could not illuminate questions of faith?
Does Reason contribute to faith?
What did Luther believe could not illuminate questions of faith?
What was Luther's concern in separating them?
What did Luther write in 1523?
What did Luther lose hope in?
Who did Luther believe Jesus Christ was born a Jew?
Along with Zwinglianism and the papacy, what group did Luther attack with venom?
When was Von den Juden und ihren Lügen written?
How did Luther view the Turks?
Why did Luther see the Turks as a scourge?
What did Luther believe the Biblical apocalypse would do?
Who did Luther believe was the antichrist?
What type of war was he urging the German people to fight against the Turks?
What did Luther read in Latin in 1542?
What did Avicenna produce?
What religion did Avicenna call "Mohammedanism"?
What did Luther see the Muslim faith as?
Why did Avicenna oppose banning the publication of the Qur'an?
What did Johannes Agricola claim that God's gospel revealed?
Who claimed that God's gospel revealed God's wrath to Christians?
Who did theses assert the law belonged to?
What did Luther write in response to the theses?
What book did he write in 1539?
What did Luther call the law as the Holy Spirit's tool to work sorrow over sin in man's heart?
What is the second use of the law?
What does Luther say is used to work sorrow over sin?
Does refusing to preach the Ten Commandments among Christians eliminate the accusing law?
What type of people does the church consist of?
What do the Ten Commandments teach a Christian?
What does Luther say are an expression of God's eternal will?
What is the term used to describe the use of a law for a purpose other than enforcing it?
What did Luther believe Christ's life was?
What does Luther say are an expression of God's eternal will?
What is the sacrament that gives Christians a renewed life?
What are the beginnings of the renewed life of Christians accorded to them by the sacrament of baptism?
What do the Ten Commandments direct the Christian to do in the common, daily vocations of the perishing world?
What did Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse want to do with one of his wife's ladies-in-waiting?
What did Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse want to marry?
Who did Philip I, Landgrave of Hesse want to marry?
What did Martin Brecht say history does most for Luther's mistakes?
What did the affair cause to Luther's reputation?
What did the local community do to Jews ninety years earlier?
Who did Luther write about throughout his career?
What did Luther believe Jews were guilty of?
Why did Paul VI consider Jews blasphemers and liars?
What did Luther hope to do with the Jews?
What was the name of Luther's 60,000-word treatise on the Jews?
When were On the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ published?
How long before his death did he publish On the Holy Name and the Lineage of Christ?
What did Luther call the Jews?
What did Robert Michael believe Luther's words amounted to?
Who did Luther speak out against in Saxony, Brandenburg, and Silesia?
Who did Josel of Rosheim blame for the Jews' plight?
What did Martin Luther say to anyone who wanted to help the Jews?
What did Josel ask the city of Strasbourg to forbid the sale of?
When did riots lead to the expulsion of Jews from several German Lutheran states?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
What contributed to the development of antisemitism in Germany?
What did Hitler's anti-Jewish rhetoric provide an "ideal underpinning" for?
Who was the most widely read author of his generation?
What did Der Stürmer call On the Jews and their Lies?
When did seven Protestant regional church confederations issue a statement agreeing with the policy of forcing Jews to wear the yellow badge?
Who suggested preventive measures against the Jews and their expulsion from German territory?
Who argued that Luther's writings were a "blueprint"?
Who published a compendium of Luther's writings shortly after Kristallnacht?
What was Hitler's reputation as?
What do some scholars see the Nazis' use of Luther's work as?
What caused Luther to become one of the 'church fathers' of anti-Semitism?
What did Luther's misguided agitation provide material for?
When were Luther's writings largely ignored?
What was the position of Avicenna?
What lent a new element to the standard Christian suspicion of Judaism?
Who wrote that Luther is credited with Germanizing the Christian critique of Judaism and establishing anti-Semitism as a key element of German culture and national identity?
What type of mentality did Paul Rose say was caused by Hitler?
Who used Luther's hostile publications to justify the anti-Semitic policies of the National Socialists?
What did a large number of German Lutheran clergy and theologians use to justify the anti-Semitic policies of the National Socialists?
What did Mark U. Edwards believe was the cause of Luther's antisemitic views?
What did Mark U. Edwards believe deteriorated during Luther's life?
What did Edwards say Luther often used for effect in his writings?
What are "Turks"?
What book did Mark U. Edwards write?
When have Lutheran Church denominations repudiated Martin Luther's statements against the Jews?
How did Lutherans compare to other minority groups?
Who is the author of Hitler and Nazism?
When were the elections held for the Nazis?
How did he feel about his health from 1531 to 1546?
What incident led to a scandal for Luther?
What did he begin to suffer from in 1536?
Along with kidney and bladder stones, what other ailments did he suffer from in 1536?
What did he begin to feel in December 1544?
What made Napoleon short-tempered and harsh in his writings and comments?
What did Napoleon's poor physical health make him harsher in?
What did his poor physical health make him in his writings and comments?
Who was overheard saying, "Dear husband, you are too rude?"
How many times did Luther preach in the Market Church in Halle?
Where was he born?
When was the last sermon preached by Martin Luther at Eisleben?
Who did the Nazis want to expel from all German territory?
Where did the obdurate Jews have to be expelled from?
What did Luther pray for the Muslims?
Where was Luther's final journey?
What did Luther participate in in Mansfeld in 1545?
When did Luther first visit Mansfeld?
When did Luther return to Mansfeld?
Why did Luther travel to Mansfeld?
When were the negotiations concluded?
What did Eisenhower experience after 8 a.m.?
What is the common prayer of the dying?
What is the common prayer of the dying?
At what time of the day was the first recitation of the Quran?
What deprived him of his speech?
At what time did he die?
When did he die?
Where was he buried?
Who held his funeral?
What did Luther write on a piece of paper?
In what language was the statement "We are beggars" written?
What was the only part of the statement that was in German?
What size of Luther was crucial to the spread of Protestantism in the 1530s and 1540s?
What was Luther's image in contrast to?
What was Luther shown to be?
What was the ascetic life of the medieval?
When were printed images of Luther crucial to the spread of Protestantism?
When is Luther honoured in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints and in the Episcopal (United States) Calendar of Saints?
In what Calendar of Saints is Luther honoured on 18 February?
When is he commemorated in the Church of England's Calendar of Saints?
Where is he commemorated on 31 October?
How is Luther commemorated in the Lutheran Calendar of Saints?
What is the abbreviation for Southern California?
How many counties are in SoCal?
Southern California is a major what for the state of California and the United States?
What are the reasons for the "eight counties" designation?
What is the more extensive 10-county definition based on?
What is one of the 11 megaregions of the United States?
How many megaregions are there in the US?
What state is Las Vegas in?
What country's border does the megaregion extend south into Tijuana?
Where does the megaregion extend south across the Mexican border?
What coast does Southern California stretch along?
How many MSAs does Southern California have?
How many people live in the Los Angeles area?
What is the largest city in Southern California?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area?
Along with the Colorado Desert, what river borders Colorado with Arizona?
What desert is to the east of Tucson?
What desert is at the border of Nevada and Colorado?
What border is to the south of Mexico City?
Los Angeles and San Diego are located in what state?
What is the population of Los Angeles?
Along with San Diego, what is the other major city in southern California?
Along with Los Angeles, what is the other major city in southern California?
What part of California is San Diego located in?
What is the most populous county in California?
In what country are California's counties ranked in the top 15 most populous counties?
What are the five most populous in the state?
How many most populous counties are there in the US?
What are the five most populous in the state?
What district of Los Angeles is associated with the motion picture industry?
Where is the motion picture, television, and music industry centered?
Who owns ABC?
Along with motion picture and television, what industry is centered on Los Angeles?
What company owns Universal?
Along with surf, what is a popular sport in Southern California?
Who is a professional skateboarder?
Who is a professional snowboarder?
Which Hawaiian island has the most famous surf breaks?
What is the name of the annual yacht race from Los Angeles to Hawaii?
What desert city is popular for its resort feel and nearby open spaces?
What do many locals and tourists frequent the southern California coast for?
What part of the California coast is popular for its beaches?
Palm Springs is popular for its resort feel and nearby what?
What is the latitude of California's north-south midway point?
How many miles south of San Jose is California's north-south midway point?
How many counties are in southern California?
Along with Point Conception, what mountain range is used as the northern boundary of southern California?
What is the northern part of California?
Who ruled California at the time of the northern boundary of southern California?
Which part of California did the Californios of Monterey and Los Angeles live in?
What city is in the upper part of southern California?
What was the name of the agreement that attempted to divide Alta California?
What type of state was California admitted to the Union as?
What were Californios dissatisfied with?
What was the name of the lightly populated counties in southern California?
How many times did Californios and pro-slavery southerners attempt to achieve a separate statehood or territorial status separate from Northern California?
What percentage of Colorado voters approved the constitution?
Who was a strong advocate for the proposal?
What newspaper defined southern California in 1900?
In what year did the Los Angeles Times define southern California as including the seven counties of Los Angeles, San Bernardino, Orange, Riverside, San Diego, Ventura and Santa Barbara?
In what year did the Times add Imperial County to its county list?
What was the name of the newer county added to the list in 1999?
How many counties did the Los Angeles Times define southern California as including?
What is the name of the tourism groups in California?
What is the other AAA Auto Club in California?
How many regions are there in California?
What geographical phrase would split the southern region off at the crest of the transverse range?
Along with the northern and central regions, what region of California is promoted by regional tourism groups?
Where does Detroit rank in terms of most populated megalopolis in the US?
What is left undeveloped in Southern California?
What type of community is southern California known for?
Southern California is famous for its use of automobiles and what else?
What type of region is San Diego-Tijuana?
What is the main gap to continued urbanization?
Temecula and Murrieta have as much connection with the San Diego metropolitan area as they do with what other area?
Who considers the San Bernardino and Riverside County areas as a separate metropolitan area from Los Angeles County?
Along with L.A., what county does Riverside County belong to?
When were most of San Bernardino and Riverside Counties developed?
What type of climate does Southern California have?
What type of rain does Southern California get?
What is the average summer temperature in Southern California?
How common is snow in the Southwest of the state?
What is the average winter temperature in Southern California?
What ocean does the region span from to the deserts of California?
How diverse is Southern California's geologic, topographic, and natural ecosystem landscapes?
Along with geologic and natural ecosystem landscapes, what type of landscapes does Southern California have?
Along with the Transverse, what ranges are in the region?
Along with the Transverse and Peninsular Ranges, what is the interior of the Rocky Mountains?
How many earthquakes occur in the southern California area each year?
How large are most of the bones in the human body?
What was the magnitude of the 1994 Northridge earthquake?
What did the 1906 earthquake cause the most of?
How much property damage was caused by the 1906 earthquake in the U.S.?
What fault can produce a magnitude 8.0 earthquake?
What is the magnitude of the San Andreas Fault?
Along with the San Jacinto Fault and the Elsinore Fault Zone, what is the other fault in San Diego?
Who has released a California Earthquake forecast?
What does the California Earthquake forecast model?
Along with culturally and politically, what is Southern California divided into distinct regions?
What kind of recognition can a city in Southern California have?
What type of activity is anchored by a city with national and sometimes global recognition?
In what year was the population of southern California 22,680,010?
What reputation does southern California have?
What was California's average growth rate in the 2000s?
What type of economy is in the Bay Area?
What is the name of the region in California that is growing faster than the rest of the state?
What is the name of the Statistical Areas in Southern California?
How many extended metropolitan areas exceed five million in population?
How many people live in the two extended metropolitan areas?
The El Centro metropolitan area and San Diego-Carlsbad-San Marcos metropolitan area form what region?
How many people live in the Greater Los Angeles Area?
What is the largest city in California?
How many people live in San Diego?
How many cities in southern California have more than 200,000 residents?
What is the average population of a city in southern California?
Along with San Bernardino, what is the only city in southern California that isn't on the coast?
What type of fuel is used by the vast majority of transport in North America?
Along with tourism, what is Southern California famous for?
What was the region a leader in from 2001-2007?
What is Southern California's economy?
How has the region been affected by the housing crash?
Motion pictures, petroleum and aircraft manufacturing have been major industries since what decade?
What type of agricultural region in the U.S. is Oklahoma?
Along with cattle, what was a major industry in the area before it was turned into suburbs?
Along with citrus, what was a major industry before farmlands were turned into suburbs?
What industry continues to be a major factor in military spending cuts?
Southern California is home to what type of districts?
Downtown Los Angeles, Downtown San Diego, Downtown Bakersfield, South Coast Metro and Downtown Riverside are examples of what?
Along with Downtown Los Angeles, Downtown San Diego, Downtown Bakersfield and Downtown Riverside, what is another central business district?
Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale, and Downtown Long Beach are what type of districts?
Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale, and Downtown Long Beach are located in what area?
Century City, Westwood and Warner Center are located in what area of Los Angeles?
Downtown Burbank, Downtown Santa Monica, Downtown Glendale, and Downtown Long Beach are located in what area?
Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, and University Town are what type of districts?
Downtown San Bernardino, Hospitality Business/Financial Centre, and University Town are located in what city?
What is the name of the business district in Downtown San Bernardino?
What county is a rapidly developing business center?
Where are international corporations headquartered in Orange County?
What is the name of the Irvine business center?
What is the name of the business district in Newport Center?
How is Orange County developing as a business center?
What is the central business district of San Diego?
Where are most of San Diego's school districts located?
In what region of San Diego are some of the school districts located?
What is the central business district of San Diego?
What is the second busiest airport in the United States by passenger volume?
What is the second-busiest airport in the United States?
Where does Los Angeles International Airport rank by international passenger volume?
What is the busiest single runway airport in the world?
What is the world's busiest general aviation airport?
What is the name of the commuter rail system that runs out of Downtown Los Angeles?
How many lines of Metrolink run out of Downtown Los Angeles?
How many of Metrolink's lines run out of Downtown Los Angeles?
Along with San Diego, Ventura, San Bernardino and Riverside, what county is connected to Los Angeles by Metrolink?
What is the busiest commercial port in the United States?
What is the busiest container port in the United States?
What part of California is home to the Port of Los Angeles?
What is the moniker for the region's diversified technology and industrial base?
What type of universities are located on the Tech Coast?
Along with public institutions, what type of institutions make up the Tech Coast?
How many University of California campuses are in California?
How many California State University campuses are there?
What league do the Los Angeles Rams and San Diego Chargers belong to?
What league do the Los Angeles Lakers and Los Angeles Clippers belong to?
What league are the Los Angeles Dodgers, Los Angeles Angels of Anaheim, and San Diego Padres a part of?
What is the name of the NHL team in Southern California?
What is the name of the MLS team in Southern California?
Along with the LA Galaxy, what Major League Soccer team played in Los Angeles from 2005 to 2014?
How many Major League Soccer teams played in Los Angeles from 2005 to 2014?
When did the LA Galaxy stop playing at the StubHub Center?
Where did the LA Galaxy and Chivas USA play?
When is a second MLS team scheduled to return?
What type of sports are popular in southern California?
Which school has a long-standing rivalry with the USC Trojans?
What is the name of the USC football team?
What conference do the UCLA Bruins and the USC Trojans belong to?
What NCAA division do the UCLA Bruins and USC Trojans belong to?
What is a growing sport in southern California?
Rugby is a growing sport in southern California, particularly at what level?
What are schools adding rugby as?
What is the name of the UK's largest digital subscription television company?
What is the name of the UK's largest digital subscription television company?
When did BSkyB acquire Sky Italia?
What did BSkyB's holding company change its name to?
What was the new name of British Sky Broadcasting Limited?
In what year was Setanta Sports awarded two of the Premier League packages?
How many Premier League packages was Setanta Sports awarded?
Who won the legal battle with the European Commission?
How much did Sky pay for the remaining four rights?
What consortium was BSkyB excluded from being a part of?
What is the name of ITV Digital's free-to-air replacement?
How many BSkyB channels were available prior to October 2005?
What was the third BSkyB channel before October 2005?
What was Sky Three re-branded as in 2011?
What did BSkyB initially charge additional subscription fees for?
When did Sky launch a new TV advertising campaign targeting women?
How much does it cost to enable Sky+ functions?
When did BSkyB discontinue the Sky+ Box?
What did BSkyB start to issue as a standard to all new subscribers?
What scrambling system does BSkyB use?
Who owns the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system?
What company owns NDS?
Who utilises the VideoGuard pay-TV scrambling system?
What is the PVR offering branded as?
What did Virgin Media remove from the network?
When did BSkyB and Virgin Media become involved in a dispute over the carriage of Sky channels on cable TV?
What did Virgin Media claim that BSkyB had done to their channels?
What type of content did BSkyB's new deal include?
What type of channels did BSkyB's new deal include?
When did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's right to the "Sky" trademark?
In what year did the English High Court of Justice find that Microsoft's use of the term "SkyDrive" infringed on Sky's trademark?
What did Microsoft announce that SkyDrive would soon become?
What did "SkyDrive Pro" become?
What does SkyDrive stand for?
Who was the chief executive officer of The Times in 1993?
On what network were the new channels broadcasting?
When did BSkyB's analogue service close?
What platform caused the closure of the analogue service?
How many households did BSkyB reach by mid-1994?
What is another name for British Sky Broadcasting?
What type of company is Sky UK Limited?
How many customers does the BBC have?
What was the UK's most popular digital TV service until it was overtaken by?
What is the broadband router in the Sky Q range called?
What do the Sky Q Mini set top boxes connect to?
What can all set top boxes in a household do?
When were Sky Q products and services expected to be available?
When were Sky Q products and services expected to be available?
What format are BSkyB's standard definition broadcasts in?
What type of soundtracks are available on Sky Movies and Sky Box Office?
What format is Sky+ HD broadcast in?
Interactive services and 7-day EPG use what proprietary system?
What standard does most Sky+ HD material use?
When was Sky Digital launched?
What satellite was used to launch Sky Digital?
What satellite was used to launch Sky Digital?
How many channels did Sky Digital have the potential to carry?
Where was the Astra 2A satellite located?
When did BSkyB launch its HDTV service?
How many people registered to receive the HD service?
Who was the manufacturer of BSkyB's STB?
How many customers had yet to receive the service due to failed deliveries?
What was the total number of homes with Sky+HD?
When did BSkyB announce its intention to replace its three free-to-air digital terrestrial channels?
When did Setanta Sports say it would launch?
What type of channel did BSkyB want to replace its free-to-air channels with?
What were NTL's services re-branded as?
What sport was included in the BSkyB portfolio?
What is the term for broadcasts that are encrypted but do not require a monthly subscription?
What do some broadcasts require?
What is the name of the receiver that is used to view encrypted content?
What type of LNB is required to receive free to air channels?
What service is VideoGuard UK dedicated to?
In what year were talks held for the broadcast rights for the Premier League?
Who were the current rights holders?
How much did ITV increase its offer to keep control of the rights?
Who did BSkyB join forces with to make a counter bid?
How much did BSkyB pay for the Premier League rights?
Who enforces open access in BSkyB's operating licence?
What is the range of fees for access to BSkyB's EPG?
How much veto does BSkyB have over the presence of channels on their EPG?
How much control does BSkyB have over a channel's content?
How much control does BSkyB have over a channel's content?
When was BSkyB's digital service officially launched?
What was the name of BSkyB's digital service?
What was BSkyB's interactive service called?
What was the original name of ITV Digital?
How many digiboxes were sold within 30 days?
When was Virgin Media re-branded from NTL:Telewest?
Which company re-branded in 2007 from NTL:Telewest started to offer a high-definition television capable set top box?
What was Virgin Media's HD streaming service?
What was the only linear HD channel Virgin Media carried from 2006 to 2009?
What HD channel did Virgin Media have an option to carry in the future?
How many homes did BSkyB's direct-to-home satellite service reach in 2010?
How many people watched The Sun in the UK?
When was the target first announced?
What percentage of households did the BBC reach in the UK?
What happened to the growth in subscriber numbers elsewhere in Europe?
What was Alec Shelbrooke's proposal?
What could a "Welfare Cash Card" be used for?
What did the UK's parliament hear a claim about a subscription to BSkyB?
What did the Daily Mail report that the UK government's benefits agency was checking in 2012?
What did the benefits agency believe a subscription to sports channels would betray?
What are the fixed annual carriage fees?
Is there currently any indication that the new deal includes the additional Video On Demand and High Definition content that was previously offered by BSkyB?
Along with BSkyB, what company agreed to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other?
Who previously offered Video On Demand and High Definition content?
What did BSkyB and Virgin Media agree to terminate all High Court proceedings against each other relating to?
How is the economy of Victoria?
Where is Victoria's GSP ranked in Australia?
Where is Victoria ranked in terms of GSP per capita?
What city is known as the "sporting capital of Australia"?
What is the largest stadium in Australia?
In what city is the Chinese legacy particularly strong?
Where were the Lambing Flat riots?
Where was there a riot in 1857?
How many miners were killed in a typhoid outbreak in 1854?
What were the conditions on the gold fields?
What type of representation system did the Victorian Legislative Council use in 2006?
How many electorates did Victoria have?
How many representatives did each electorate have?
How long is the term of office for upper house members?
How often do elections for the Victorian Parliament occur?
What is the centre-left political party in Victoria?
What is Australia's centre-right political party?
What is the name of Australia's rural-based political party?
Who won their first lower house seats in 2014?
What is Victoria's main political party?
What percentage of Victorians describe themselves as Christian?
What percentage of the Victorian population is Roman Catholic?
What is the state's largest non-Christian religion?
How many members of Buddhism are in the state?
What percentage of Victorians claim no religion?
Where is Victoria located in Australia?
What type of state is Victoria?
Where does Victoria rank among Australia's most populous states?
What is Australia's second-largest city?
What is Melbourne's ranking among Australia's largest cities?
What are the Aboriginal peoples of Victoria known as?
When did Great Britain claim the entire Australian continent east of the 135th meridian east?
Victoria was included in the wider colony of what?
Where was the first settlement in the area?
When was the first settlement in the area?
How much Victorian farmland is sown for grain?
What percentage of the land is sown for wheat?
How much Victorian farmland is sown for grain?
What percentage of Australian pears do Victorian farms produce?
How many tonnes of tomatoes were produced last year?
When was Victoria's written constitution enacted?
What is Victoria's written constitution based on?
Who can amend the Victorian Constitution?
What type of provisions cannot be amended by the Parliament of Victoria?
What is the name of the act that established the Parliament as the state's law-making body?
The Mallee and upper Wimmera are Victoria's what?
What is the average temperature in summer?
What is the average temperature in winter?
What was Victoria's highest temperature since World War II?
When was Victoria's highest temperature since World War II?
What are public schools also known as?
Who runs Victoria's public schools?
What is levied on students that do not pay tuition fees?
Parish schools are run by what church?
What must all schools comply with?
What does Ford, Toyota, and Holden manufacture in Victoria?
In what year did Toyota announce their closure?
When was Holden's announcement?
When will Ford's Victorian plants in Broadmeadows and Geelong close?
Along with Toyota and Holden, what major car brand has its manufacturing plant in Victoria?
How high do the Victorian alpine areas rise?
What is the highest peak in Victoria?
How tall is Mount Bogong?
What type of drainage system does Victoria have?
What is the state bird of Oklahoma?
What is the coldest part of Victoria?
What mountain system are the Alps a part of?
What direction does the Great Dividing Range mountain system extend through the centre of Victoria?
What is the average temperature in the highest parts of the mountain ranges?
What was the state's lowest minimum temperature?
What type of lines do private and public railway operators operate on in Victoria?
What is the name of the major train operator in Melbourne?
Who owns V/Line?
Pacific National and CFCL Australia operate what type of service?
What type of service does Metro Trains Melbourne run?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian House of Representatives?
How many seats does Victoria have in the Australian Senate?
What is the lower house of Victoria's Parliament?
What is the upper house?
Who is the current Governor of Victoria?
When were writs issued for the election of the first Victorian Legislative Council?
In what year was the first Victorian Legislative Council elected?
What triggered one of the largest gold rushes the world has ever seen?
How much did Victoria's population increase in ten years?
How much gold did Victoria produce between 1851 and 1860?
How many public schools does Victoria have?
How many Catholic schools are in Victoria?
How many students were enrolled in public schools?
How many full-time teachers does Victoria have?
What percentage of private students attend Catholic schools?
What is the centre of dairy farming in Australia?
How many dairy cattle does Australia have?
What percentage of Australia's dairy cattle are located in Queensland?
How much of Australia's milk is produced in Queensland?
Where are most abalone and rock lobster exported to?
What was the broad gauge used by Victorian lines?
What is the standard gauge of the interstate trunk routes in Oklahoma?
What is the narrow gauge of the tourist railways?
Where were the formerly government-owned lines built?
How many formerly government-owned lines were built in mountainous areas?
When was the colony of New South Wales founded?
What was the name of the colony that was founded in 1788?
What was the western half of Australia called?
Where was the colonial government based?
When was the "Eureka Stockade"?
Who crushed the rebellion?
What was the name of the armed rebellion against the government of Victoria?
What did the colonial authorities reduce?
What was the name of the act passed by the Imperial Parliament in 1855?
The Premier of Victoria is the leader of the political party or coalition with how many seats in the Legislative Assembly?
Who is the leader of the political party or coalition with the most seats in the Legislative Assembly?
What does the Cabinet consist of?
Who is the current Premier of Victoria?
How is the Cabinet formed?
What was the gross value of Victorian agricultural production in 2003-2004?
How much did the gross value of Victorian agricultural production increase during 2003-2004?
How many farms occupied 136,000 square kilometres of Victorian land as of 2004?
How much land did the 32,463 farms occupy as of 2004?
What percentage of the state's total land surface is made up of agricultural land?
What does major events play a big part in in Victoria?
Along with cultural tourism, what type of tourism plays a big part in Victoria?
Where are most of Australia's motorsport events held?
Where do the V8 Supercars and Australian Motorcycle Grand Prix occur?
What is the name of the Bells Beach festival?
Where did the Huguenots live?
How many French Catholics were there in 1562?
When were the Wars of Religion fought?
What gave the Huguenots substantial religious, political, and military autonomy?
What did the Edict of Nantes do?
What was the original use of the term "Huguenot"?
Where was John Calvin's adopted home?
Who was a Swiss politician that may have been a reference to the religiously conflicted nature of Swiss republicanism in his time?
What was the name of the plot to wrest power from the House of Guise?
When was the Amboise plot?
What was important to the spread of the Protestant movement and development of the Reformed church in France?
When did Guyard de Moulin prepare a French version of the Scriptures?
Who prepared a French version of the Scriptures in 1294?
When was a two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version of Avicenna's work printed?
Where was a two-volume illustrated folio paraphrase version of Avicenna's work printed in 1487?
What did the Edict of 1598 grant to the Huguenots?
What was one of the most important of the 66 "villes de sûreté" that the Edict of 1598 granted to the Huguenots?
What was the name of the 1629 decree that ended Protestant rule in France?
In what year did the siege by the royal army take place?
When was the Edict of Alès?
Where did individual Huguenots settle from as early as 1671?
Where did Maria de la Queillerie settle?
Who was the first Huguenot to arrive at the Cape of Good Hope?
Where did the first group of Huguenots set sail from?
When did some of the Huguenots arrive in the Cape?
When did the Huguenots sail to North America?
Who led the Huguenots who sailed to North America in 1624?
What was the name of the French church in New Amsterdam?
What is the current name of the parish?
In what neighborhood did the Huguenots live?
Where did several Huguenot families immigrate to after the Revocation of the Edict of Nantes?
Who did the slave owners purchase their land from?
Where was Rev. Elie Prioleau from?
When did the Cherokees petition the British Crown for the right to own land in the Baronies?
Where did many Huguenots settle in the early years?
Who was the strongest opponent of king Louis XIV?
What was William III of Orange's title?
What coalition did William form to oppose Louis and the French state?
What country did the French attack in 1672?
When did the French attack the Dutch Republic?
What decree abolished all legal recognition of Protestantism in France?
When was the Edict of Fontainebleau issued?
Who issued the Edict of Fontainebleau?
How many Huguenots fled France by the early 18th century?
Who opposed the Huguenots?
What was the name of the massacre that killed 5,000 to 30,000 Huguenots?
How many people were killed in the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
What did the Huguenots have to retaliate against the French Catholics?
What were the political reasons for the St. Bartholomew's Day massacre?
When did the Huguenot rebellions break out?
Where did the Huguenot rebellions take place?
Who died a decade after the uprising?
Who became more intolerant of Protestantism under the regency of his Italian Catholic mother Marie de' Medici?
What were the three small civil wars known as?
How many Protestants make up 2% of France's population?
What percentage of France's population is Protestant?
Where are most of the Huguenots concentrated?
What mountain region in the south of France still regard themselves as Huguenots to this day?
What country still considers itself a Huguenot even after centuries of exile?
What was the name of the town where the Huguenots settled?
Where did the Huguenots form a third congregation?
What is the oldest street in the US?
What does the Huguenot Street Historic District contain?
Where did a small group of Huguenots settle on the south shore of New York Harbor?
Who received the largest group of Huguenot refugees after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes?
How many Huguenot refugees did the Dutch Republic receive after the revocation of the Edict of Nantes?
What was the population of the Dutch Republic at the time?
Where were the first areas to provide full citizens rights to Huguenot immigrants?
What caused the largest group of Huguenot refugees to come to the Netherlands?
Where did the prétendus réformés gather at night?
What gate of King Hugo was believed to be haunted by the ghost of le roi Huguet?
What ghost haunted the gate of King Hugo?
What group gathered in Tours at night for prayer and singing psalms?
When did the ghosts of le roi Huguet come back to harm the living?
In what city did the Walloons and Huguenots live?
What is the name of the half-timbered house by the river that was the site of a weaving school from the late 16th century to about 1830?
What was the condition of the refugees' initial acceptance in the City?
Where did the refugees settle?
What has been adapted as?
Where is the Huguenot District?
Where did a number of Huguenots serve as mayors in the 17th and 18th centuries?
Along with Cork, Youghal, and Waterford, in what city did Huguenots serve as mayors?
Who is D'Olier Street named after?
When was a French church built in Portarlington?
What did the exodus of Huguenots from France create?
Where did the French crown refuse to allow non-Catholics to settle?
Who did the French crown refuse to allow to settle in New France?
The French and Indian War was the North American front of what war?
When did the British defeat New France?
Who issued the Edict of Nantes?
When was the warfare quelled?
What did the Edict do for Protestants under the throne?
What did the Edict discourage?
What religion did Henry of Navarre abandon in favor of Roman Catholicism?
What did the revocation require?
What did the revocation do to Protestants?
How many emigrated to the North American colonies?
What were the Huguenots who stayed in France who became Catholics called?
Along with Britain, where did Protestants flee to after the war?
Where did the first Huguenots leave France to seek freedom from persecution?
When did the French colonisers arrive in Brazil?
What was the name of the French colony that arrived in Brazil in 1555?
When was the fort destroyed?
What was the name of the first Protestant confession of faith in the Americas?
What language do most families speak today?
What industry in South Africa owes a significant debt to the Huguenots?
In what province of South Africa do many farms still bear French names?
What do many families have that indicate their French Huguenot ancestry?
Who was descended from Huguenot refugees?
Who signed the Articles of Confederation for South Carolina?
Where is the last Huguenot congregation in North America?
What church does the Huguenot Society of America maintain?
Which state has the largest chapter of the American Philosophical Society?
What industry did the Huguenots settle in Bedfordshire for?
What is the name of the style of lace that demonstrates a Huguenot influence?
What is the only reference to immigrant lacemakers in this period?
When did Mechlin lace develop?
What were the two new neighbourhoods created by the Huguenots in Berlin?
By 1700, what percentage of the city's population was French speaking?
Why did the Prussians switch to German?
When did Napoleon occupy Prussia?
What are some of the congregations that were founded?
Where did the Huguenots flee to?
What region of France did the Huguenots remain in?
What group rioted against the Catholic Church in the early 18th century?
Who did the Camisards riot against?
When did French troops hunt down and destroy all the bands of Camisards?
What is the name of the city that Fort Caroline was located in?
Who was the leader of the Norman Huguenots?
What was the name of the small colony established by the Norman Huguenots in 1564?
Who had a colony at St. Augustine in 1565?
In what year did the French attempt to attack the Spanish colony at St. Augustine?
What was the name of the outpost that Jean Ribault founded on Parris Island, South Carolina?
Where was the outpost of Charlesfort located?
Who established the settlement of St. Augustine?
In what year did Jean Ribault lead an expedition that explored Florida?
What precluded a return voyage to the outpost?
Where did the French Huguenots migrate to in 1700?
Where did the English Crown promise land grants to the French Huguenots?
What was the name of the abandoned Monacan village?
How many settlers were there in the original settlement?
When did the Virginia General Assembly pass an act to naturalize the 148 Huguenots still resident at Manakintown?
When was the Dutch Revolt?
Who did the Huguenots fight alongside during the Dutch Revolt?
What was the name of William the Silent's condemnation of the Spanish Inquisition?
Whose "Apologie" condemned the Spanish Inquisition?
What religion was William the Silent?
What act was passed in 1708 that caused Protestant Walloons and Huguenots to flee to England?
When was the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act passed?
How many Protestant Walloons and Huguenots fled to England after the Foreign Protestants Naturalization Act?
Who was a leading Huguenot theologian and writer?
What was Andrew Lortie known for criticizing during Mass?
In what war did Huguenot regiments fight for William of Orange?
Who did Huguenot regiments fight for in the Williamite war in Ireland?
Where were significant Huguenot settlements?
Killeshandra in County Cavan contributed to the expansion of what industry?
What industry did Killeshandra contribute to the growth of?
Who arranged with Count Ludwig von Nassau-Saarbrücken to establish a Huguenot community in Saarland?
Who did Prince Louis de Condé arrange to establish a Huguenot community in Saarland?
What industry did the Condés establish?
When did some members of this community emigrate to the United States?
When did Prince Louis de Condé establish a Huguenot community?
Where did the majority of Huguenot émigrés relocate to?
What religion did the majority of Huguenot émigrés belong to?
In what Canadian colony were Catholics allowed to worship freely?
What colony in South Africa did the Dutch migrate to?
What happened to the Jehovah's Witnesses in Quebec?
Who was the king of France who reigned long before the Reformation?
What argues that the name was derived by association with Hugues Capet, king of France?
Who suggested that the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to little Hugos?
What does Janet Gray suggest the name huguenote would be roughly equivalent to?
What do some people disagree with?
Who was one of the predecessors of the Reformed church?
Where was Lefevre a professor?
When did Lefevre publish the whole Bible in French?
Who was a student of Lefevre?
Who was a student at the University of Paris who converted to Protestantism?
When was the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
Who killed thousands of Huguenots in the St. Bartholomew's Day Massacre?
How many Protestants were slaughtered in Toulouse?
In what year was an amnesty granted?
How many Protestants were massacred in Paris?
Who gained the throne in 1643?
What did Louis XIV do when he gained the throne?
How did Paul VI try to convert people to Catholicism?
What did Napoleon do to Huguenot schools?
What did Napoleon institute to forcibly convert the Huguenots?
What county was New Rochelle located in?
What was the name of the peninsula on Davenports Neck?
Who did the earls of Pelham purchase land from?
What was New Rochelle named after?
What was the name of the third church that replaced the First Presbyterian Church?
What did most of the Huguenot congregations in North America eventually do?
What led to the Huguenots assimilation?
Who established the Eleutherian gunpowder mills?
How long did descendants of French immigrants continue to use French first names and surnames for their children?
What did E.I. du Pont establish?
Who was one of the most prominent Huguenot refugees in the Netherlands?
Where did Avicenna start teaching?
What was the name of Avicenna's multi-volume masterpiece?
What is the name of the library that holds the text of the Declaration of Independence?
Who is the Huguenot family's patron?
What was established by Royal Charter in 1550?
When was the French Protestant Church of London established?
Where is the Museum of Modern Art located?
Where did Huguenot refugees flock to?
When was the Old Truman Brewery founded?
Where did Huguenot refugees find a safe haven?
Where did Huguenot refugees find a safe haven in 1685?
What gave the Huguenots special privileges in Brandenburg-Prussia?
Who was Frederick William?
What did Napoleon receive from the Huguenots?
Who invited Huguenots to settle in his realms?
Who was a prominent German poet?
Who was the Luftwaffe General and fighter ace?
Who was the last Prime Minister of the (East) German Democratic Republic?
What is Thomas de Maizière's job title?
Along with nuclear power and geothermal energy, what is a non-combustion heat source?
What is the ideal thermodynamic cycle used to analyze this process called?
What does water transform into in a boiler?
At what pressure is steam produced in a boiler?
What type of engines are steam engines?
What was the first commercially successful true engine?
Who invented the atmospheric engine?
When was the atmospheric engine invented?
What type of pump did Savery use?
Who proposed a piston for Savery's steam pump?
Where was the first full-scale working railway steam locomotive built?
When did the world's first railway journey take place?
Where did the world's first railway journey take place?
Where was Abercynon located?
Where was Abercynon located?
The Rankine cycle and most practical steam engines have what to recycle or top up the boiler water?
What type of pumps do utility and industrial boilers commonly use?
When did injectors become popular?
In what application are injectors still used?
What does an injector supply?
How many expansion stages do quadruple expansion engines use?
What are engines with four expansion stages called?
In what century was the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing'system' used on marine triple expansion engines?
What type of engines used the Yarrow-Schlick-Tweedy balancing system?
What class of passenger liners used the 4-cylinder triple-expansion engine?
Who invented the poppet valve gear?
Along with Stephenson and Walschaerts motions, what motion is simpler than Stephenson's?
What is the usual compromise solution to provide lap?
What may be present in the crown of the boiler's firebox?
What happens to the lead if the water level drops and the temperature of the firebox crown increases?
What happens to the steam when the lead melts?
Who may then manually suppress the fire?
What does steam escape have little effect on except in the smallest of boilers?
Who patented a steam engine that produced continuous rotary motion?
What type of motion did James Watt's steam engine produce?
How many patents did James Watt have?
When did engines that could provide 10,000 hp become feasible?
What was the stationary steam engine a key component of?
What century did the history of the steam engine stretch back to?
Who described the first recorded rudimentary steam engine?
What nationality was Hero of Alexandria?
Who described a rudimentary steam turbine device in 1629?
When did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont receive patents for fifty steam powered inventions?
What type of engines came into widespread use near the end of the 19th century?
What were the stages of a steam engine called?
Double and triple expansion engines were common in what industry?
Along with electric motors, what type of engines replaced steam engines in the 20th century?
Double and triple expansion engines were used in shipping to reduce the weight of what?
What was the final major evolution of the steam engine design?
When did steam turbines begin to be used in steam engines?
How many horsepower are steam turbines more efficient than reciprocating piston type steam engines?
What percentage of electric power is produced in the United States using a variety of heat sources?
Steam turbines replaced reciprocating engines in what type of generating stations?
What is the most common source of heat in a boiler?
What is another name for firebox?
What type of energy can be used as a heat source?
What type of heating element can be used in model steam engines?
What is the most useful instrument for analyzing the performance of steam engines?
By what year were early versions of the indicator in use?
Who was the inventor of the high speed engine?
Who developed the most successful indicator for the high speed engine inventor and manufacturer Charles Porter?
Where was the most successful indicator exhibited?
How many degrees out of phase are the pistons and cranks in a two-cylinder compound?
What angle are the individual pistons in a 4-cylinder compound usually balanced at?
How many degrees out of phase are the pistons and cranks in a two-cylinder compound?
What is it called when steam reverses its direction of flow at each stroke?
How many piston strokes are there in a complete engine cycle?
How many rotations of the crank does the complete engine cycle occupy?
How many events are there in an engine cycle?
Admission, exhaust, compression, and what other event are part of the engine cycle?
What is a uniflow rotary steam engine called?
Uniflow engines attempt to remedy the difficulties arising from what cycle?
What part of the cylinder is cooled by the passing exhaust steam?
What is a variant of the simple expansion steam engine that does not require valves to direct steam into and out of the cylinder?
What is another name for the pivot mounting?
What are these engines mainly used in because of their simplicity?
On what type of ship are these engines mainly used?
What happens to the working fluid in a closed loop system?
What type of system does a Rankine cycle operate in?
What is the working fluid in the mercury vapor turbine?
What is supplied to the boiler in an open loop Rankine cycle?
What limits the efficiency of a Rankine cycle?
What is the creep limit of stainless steel?
What material has a creep limit of 565 °C?
What is the theoretical Carnot efficiency for a coal-fired power station?
What is the typical condenser temperature in steam turbines?
What was the moving force behind the Industrial Revolution?
Along with railway locomotives, ships, and road vehicles, what type of transport appliances were powered by steam engines?
What is an example of a steam-powered automobile?
Steam engines drove machinery in mills, mines, and what other place?
What did the use of glyphs in agriculture lead to?
What was the name of Trevithick's final locomotive?
Who designed the locomotive Salamanca?
What type of locomotive was Salamanca?
What was the name of the rack and pinion railway that used the twin-cylinder locomotive Salamanca?
For what railway did George Stephenson build the Locomotion?
Who invented the Woolf high-pressure compound engine?
What nationality was Arthur Woolf?
What can be reduced by staging the expansion in multiple cylinders?
What is required to derive equal work from lower-pressure steam?
What percentage of the world's electric production was generated by steam turbines in the 19th century?
Steam turbines with reduction gearing were more efficient than what type of engines?
What has almost entirely supplanted steam propulsion for marine applications?
What is the main use for?
What has the recent widespread application of large gas turbine units and typical combined cycle power plants resulted in?
What is the fundamental thermodynamic underpinning of the steam engine?
What happens to the waste heat?
When did Rankine steam cycles generate about 90% of all electric power used throughout the world?
Along with solar, coal and nuclear power plants, what type of power is generated by Rankine steam cycles?
What nationality was William John Macquorn Rankine?
What was the historical measure of a steam engine's energy efficiency?
What was the average duty of Watt's original low-pressure designs?
How much duty did the best examples of Newcomen designs have?
How many pounds of coal are in a bushel?
Who first introduced the concept of duty?
What became the dominant source of power in the early 20th century?
What type of steam engines remained the dominant source of power until the early 20th century?
What type of steam engine became the dominant source of power in the early 20th century?
What type of engines replaced reciprocating piston type steam engines?
Who developed the first steam-powered device?
What was the first steam-powered device?
When was the first steam-powered device developed?
Who introduced an ingenious improvement of Savery's construction?
Who described Bento de Moura Portugal's improvement of Savery's construction?
Who invented the high-pressure steam engine?
Along with Richard Trevithick, who introduced engines using high-pressure steam in 1801?
When did Richard Trevithick obtain his high-pressure engine patent?
What type of application could a small engine be used for?
What was the main benefit of a smaller cylinder size engine?
What company in Sweden has made progress in using modern materials for harnessing the power of steam?
Where is Energiprojekt AB located?
How many cylinders does the steam engine have?
How many lb of steam was produced per kWh?
What is the efficiency of Energiprojekt's steam engine on high-pressure engines?
Where CHP is not used, steam turbines in power stations use what as a cold sink?
What is a dry type cooling tower similar to?
Where is a dry type cooling tower used?
What type of cooling towers use the rejected heat to evaporate water?
How many cubic metres of make-up water does a 700 megawatt coal-fired power plant need every hour for evaporative cooling?
What type of governor was adopted by James Watt for use on a steam engine?
Who was Watt's partner?
What type of mill was Boulton & Watt building?
What was an example of an operation that required constant speed?
What could the governor not do?
After what year was compounding almost universal for marine engines?
What type of engines were compounding not universally popular for?
Why was compounding not universally popular in railway locomotives?
When was compounding first used in Britain?
For what type of engines was compounding common?
What is a reversing mechanism?
What is the term for excessive compression?
What happens to the cylinder if the piston is not able to do what?
The simplest valve gears give events of what length during the engine cycle?
Who obtained the first patent for a steam engine?
What nationality was Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont?
When did Jerónimo de Ayanz y Beaumont obtain the first patent for a steam engine?
When did Thomas Savery patent a steam pump?
When was Thomas Newcomen's atmospheric engine used?
What are rotors?
What is alternating with a series of stators (static discs) fixed to the turbine casing?
What are stators?
Where are the stators fixed to in a steam turbine?
What is the typical speed of a DC motor in the USA?
What is the power-to-weight ratio of a steam plant compared to internal combustion engines?
Internal combustion engines and what other type of motors have replaced steam for mobile applications?
What type of plant generates most electric power?
What is the name of the movement?
Along with concerns about fuel sources, what has prompted a renewed interest in steam?
What is a pistonless rotary engine called?
What does the Wankel engine replace in a conventional reciprocating steam engine?
Along with wear, what caused the rotors to leak?
When did James Watt die?
What did James Watt add to Newcomen's engine?
How much more coal did Boulton and Watt's early engines use than Newcomen's?
What engine did James Watt improve upon?
What did air pressure push into the partial vacuum generated by condensing steam?
How many independent mechanisms do steam engines often possess?
What is in the top of a boiler?
What type of safety valve is used today?
What must be broken to tamper with the spring-loaded valve?
What did a driver want from the engine if they fastened the valve down?
What was the acme of the horizontal engine?
When was the Corliss steam engine patented?
How much less steam did the steam turbine use?
How many valves did the Corliss steam engine have?
What award did Corliss receive?
The steam engine contributed much to the development of what type of theory?
Who made experimental measurements on a model steam engine that led to the development of the separate condenser?
Watt's experiments led to the development of what?
Who confirmed Watt's discovery of latent heat?
What did Watt discover?
What is one of the main advantages of the Rankine cycle?
What is the working fluid in during the compression stage of the Rankine cycle?
How much turbine power does the pump consume?
What is the turbine entry temperature for gas turbines?
What pump supplies water to the boiler during operation?
What do condensers do?
What raises the temperature of the steam above its saturated vapour point?
What is another name for a supply bin?
What mechanism is used to move coal from a supply bin to the firebox?
What was readily available to land-based steam engines?
Who invented the steam turbine?
What was the name of a warship that used the steam turbine?
Along with warships, what type of ships used the steam turbine?
When was the HMS Dreadnought built?
What do nuclear power plants use to generate electricity?
What drives an electrical generator in a nuclear power plant?
What is a turbine connected to in a nuclear power plant?
What type of transmission do nuclear-powered ships and submarines use?
In what country did non-condensing direct-drive locomotives have some success?
What is the Rankine cycle sometimes referred to as?
Where is heat rejection in the Rankine cycle?
What is the definition of isobaric processes in the Rankine cycle?
What is the term for constant temperature processes in the Carnot cycle?
What is the working fluid received from the condenser as?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
Along with hydrogen, what is the second most abundant element in the universe?
At standard temperature and pressure, how many atoms of the element bind to form dioxygen?
How much of the Earth's crust is oxygen?
What gas makes up 20.8% of the Earth's atmosphere?
What percentage of the Earth's atmosphere is diatomic oxygen gas?
What is a chemical element with symbol O and atomic number 8?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What does monitoring of atmospheric oxygen levels show?
How abundant is oxygen in the universe?
What is the atomic number of oxygen?
What group is uranium in on the periodic table?
What type of compounds does uranium readily form with most elements?
Where does oxygen rank in abundance in the universe?
At standard temperature and pressure, two atoms of the element bind to form what diatomic gas?
What uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water?
Photosynthesis uses the energy of what to produce oxygen from water?
What helps protect the biosphere from ultraviolet radiation?
What do many major classes of organic molecules in living organisms contain?
What is the major constituent of lifeforms?
What uses the energy of sunlight to produce oxygen from water?
What is the major constituent of lifeforms?
What form of oxygen absorbs UVB radiation?
Who proved that air is necessary for combustion?
Who showed that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus or just nitroaereus?
What is another name for spiritus?
When did John Mayow die?
Who proved that air is necessary for combustion?
What is another name for spiritus?
When did Robert Boyle prove that air is necessary for combustion?
What is one way that nitroaereus is consumed?
Who showed that fire requires only a part of air that he called spiritus nitroaereus or just nitroaereus?
Who conducted an experiment on August 1, 1774?
What was Joseph Priestley's profession?
What is mercuric oxide?
What did Joseph Priestley focus sunlight on?
What did Joseph Priestley focus sunlight on?
What was the name of the gas released by Priestley's experiment?
When did Priestley publish his findings?
Why is Priestley usually given priority in the discovery?
What was a mouse more while breathing the gas?
Who built on Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion and respiration?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
When was one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air conducted?
What did Philo think of the theory that parts of the air in the vessel were converted into the classical element fire?
Who conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and air?
What element were parts of the air in the vessel converted into?
What was the name of Philo's work?
Who built on Philo's work by observing that a portion of air is consumed during combustion and respiration?
Philo of Byzantium conducted one of the first known experiments on the relationship between combustion and what?
What is needed to trigger combustion?
What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion?
Peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, and perchlorates are examples of what?
What is the source of most of the chemical energy released in combustion?
What is needed to trigger combustion?
Fire and explosion hazards exist when concentrated what and fuels are brought into close proximity?
What do highly concentrated sources of oxygen promote?
What is the source of most of the energy released in combustion?
Peroxides, chlorates, nitrates, perchlorates, and dichromates are examples of what?
What type of gas was used to pressurize the Apollo 1 capsule?
What will act as a fuel in an O 2 system?
What was the normal pressure of O 2 in the Apollo 1 capsule?
What does the design and manufacture of O 2 systems require?
Concentrated O 2 will allow what to proceed rapidly and energetically?
What is used to store and transmit both gaseous and liquid oxygen?
What does the design and manufacture of O 2 systems require?
Who was killed in a launch pad test?
What is a large part of the Earth's crustal rock composed of?
What does CO 2 stand for?
What part of the Earth is composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What does CO 2 stand for?
What is composed of oxides of silicon?
What is composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What part of the Earth is composed of silicates of magnesium and iron?
What type of silicate minerals are found in the Earth's crust?
John Dalton's atomic hypothesis assumed that all elements were what?
What type of atomic ratios did Dalton believe atoms in compounds would have?
What was water's formula?
What is the modern value of the atomic mass of oxygen?
What was the correct interpretation of water's composition based on?
What were highly combustible materials thought to be made mostly of?
What type of substances corrode?
What did not play a role in phlogiston theory?
What was one of the first clues that the phlogiston theory was incorrect?
What do most common objects appear to do when something burns?
What type of bond results from the filling of molecular orbitals formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms?
How many oxygen atoms are chemically bonded to each other in dioxygen?
What is another term for sequential, low-to-high energy filling of orbitals?
How are the oxygen atoms bonded to each other in dioxygen?
What is formed from the atomic orbitals of the individual oxygen atoms?
When was oxygen discovered?
When did Joseph Priestley discover oxygen?
What was the first time a work by Avicenna was published?
Who coined the name oxygen?
What theory did Lavoisier's experiments discredit?
An electron configuration with two unpaired electrons as found in dioxygen is a configuration termed what?
What is the ground state of the O 2 molecule referred to as?
What is a spin triplet state?
What type of combustion does triplet oxygen prevent?
What are the highest energy, partially filled orbitals?
What did Lavoisier heat in a closed container to see if there was an increase in weight?
What did Lavoisier see no increase in when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
What did Lavoisier see no increase in when tin and air were heated in a closed container?
When was Sur la combustion en général published?
What is the name of the gas that is not essential to combustion and respiration?
What is trioxygen usually known as?
What type of oxygen is ozone?
What is ozone damaging to?
What does the ozone layer of the upper atmosphere function as for the planet?
What is another name for ultraviolet radiation?
What is the common allotrope of elemental oxygen on Earth?
What has a bond length of 121 pm?
What part of the Earth's atmosphere is the form of Neptune?
Why is O2 used by animals in cellular respiration?
What is O2 used for in animals?
Who was the Scottish chemist who was able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study?
When was James Dewar able to produce enough liquid oxygen to study?
When was the first commercially viable process for producing liquid oxygen developed?
What type of welding was demonstrated for the first time in 1901?
What is more soluble in water than nitrogen?
What determines the solubility of oxygen in water?
How much oxygen does freshwater contain per liter?
What contains 4.95 mL of oxygen per liter?
How much more oxygen dissolves at 0 °C than at 20 °C?
Oxygen is what chemical element by mass in the Earth's biosphere?
Where does oxygen rank among the most abundant chemical elements in the universe?
What percentage of the sun's mass is oxygen?
What is oxygen a major component of?
How is the O 2 surrounding other planets produced?
When did scientists realize that air could be liquefied and its components isolated?
How could air be liquefied and its components isolated?
Who was the Swiss chemist and physicist who used a cascade method to liquefy carbon dioxide?
How much liquid was produced in the experiments?
When was oxygen liquified in stable state for the first time?
What isotope ratios are believed to be the same as those of the primordial solar nebula?
What does the Sun have a higher proportion of than the Earth?
What was the name of the spacecraft that returned a silicon wafer from space?
What process depleted oxygen-16 from the Sun's disk of protoplanetary material?
On what planet have planetary geologists measured oxygen isotopes?
What is the name given to several higher-energy species of molecular O 2 in which all the electron spins are paired?
What is molecular oxygen more reactive towards than molecular oxygen per se?
When is singlet oxygen commonly formed in nature?
What is produced in the troposphere by light of short wavelength?
What plays a major role in absorbing energy from singlet oxygen and converting it to the unexcited ground state before it can cause harm to tissues?
Who measures the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine what the climate was like millions of years ago?
What do paleoclimatologists measure the ratio of oxygen-18 and oxygen-16 in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine?
How much heavier isotope of oxygen-18 is in seawater?
What isotope do paleoclimatologists measure in the shells and skeletons of marine organisms to determine what the climate was like millions of years ago?
When does snow and rain tend to be higher in oxygen-16?
What wavelengths do oxygen's spectrophotometric absorption bands peak at?
What is a possible method of monitoring from satellites on a global scale?
What is the first step in the development of a satellite-based communications system?
On what scale does the UN's work on climate change take place?
What type of scientist has proposed using the measurement of the radiance coming from vegetation canopies to characterize plant health status?
What is the triplet form of O 2 molecules?
What is attracted to a magnet to a sufficient extent that a bridge of liquid oxygen may be supported against its own weight between the poles of a powerful magnet?
What electrons impart magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of a magnetic field?
What imparts magnetic character to oxygen when it is in the presence of?
Liquid oxygen is attracted to a magnet to a sufficient extent that a bridge of liquid oxygen may be supported against its own weight between the poles of what?
What are reactive oxygen species?
What does the immune system of higher organisms create peroxide, superoxide, and singlet oxygen to do?
Reactive oxygen species play an important role in the hypersensitive response of plants against what?
What type of organisms were the dominant form of early life on Earth?
When did O 2 begin to accumulate in the atmosphere?
What is the temperature at which oxygen condenses?
What is the color of liquid and solid O 2?
What is the fractional distillation of high-purity liquid O 2 usually obtained from?
What is used as a coolant to produce liquid oxygen?
What must uranium be segregated from?
Where does free oxygen occur in solution?
At what temperature does the solubility of O 2 increase?
Why do polar oceans support a much higher density of life?
What does eutrophication stimulate the growth of?
What do scientists measure to assess water quality?
When did photosynthetic archaea and bacteria evolve?
During what eon did free oxygen first appear in significant quantities?
What did the free oxygen produced by the organisms combine with dissolved iron in the oceans to form?
When did free oxygen begin to outgas from the oceans?
When did free oxygen begin to outgas from the oceans?
What is the unusually high concentration of oxygen gas on Earth the result of?
What cycle describes the movement of oxygen within and between its three main reservoirs on Earth?
How many main reservoirs of oxygen does the biogeochemical cycle describe?
What is the main driving factor of the oxygen cycle?
What gas is the result of the oxygen cycle?
What absorbs nitrogen and delivers a gas stream that is 90% to 93% O 2?
What percentage of O 2 is produced by passing a stream of clean dry air through a pair of identical zeolite molecular sieves?
What does the zeolite molecular sieves absorb?
Oxygen gas is increasingly obtained by what type of technology?
What is the other method of producing O 2 gas?
What can oxygen gas be produced through electrolysis of?
What is produced by electrolysis of water?
What type of electricity must be used?
What is the electrocatalytic O 2 evolution from?
What type of catalysts are used on submarines?
What type of use has oxygen had in the past?
What is oxygen supposed to be?
What do professional athletes wear oxygen masks to get a "boost" in?
What is a more likely explanation for the pharmacological effect?
During what type of exercise do studies support a performance boost from enriched O 2 mixtures?
What type of medicine uses special oxygen chambers to increase the partial pressure of O 2 around the patient?
What does increased O 2 concentration in the lungs help to displace from the heme group of hemoglobin?
What bacteria causes gas gangrene?
What happens to divers who decompress too quickly after a dive?
What is used to treat emphysema?
What part of the body does oxygen therapy ease work load on?
What is used in medicine for the uptake of O 2 from the air?
What is the essential purpose of uptake of O 2 from the air?
What type of oxygen does oxygen therapy treat?
Why does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give corresponding oxides?
What does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give?
What mineral is wüstite?
What does oxygen form chemical bonds with almost all other elements to give?
What does a thin film of oxide slow?
In what case is an emergency supply of O 2 automatically supplied to passengers traveling in (pressurized) commercial airplanes?
What type of oxygen generators are activated by sudden cabin pressure loss?
What type of reaction produces a steady stream of oxygen gas?
What is produced by the exothermic reaction?
High pressure oxygen tanks, cryogenics, and chemical compounds are methods of what?
What is used to transport oxygen in bulk?
What is oxygen often transported in bulk as?
What form of oxygen is useful in portable medical applications?
Where are bulk liquid oxygen storage containers located?
Acetone, methanol, ethanol, isopropanol, furan, and THF are examples of what?
Alcohols, ethers, ketones, and aldehydes are examples of what?
Acetone and phenol are used as what in the synthesis of many different substances?
What are ethers in which the oxygen atom is part of a ring of three atoms?
What are the most important classes of organic compounds that contain oxygen?
Where is uranium found?
How many common complex biomolecules contain no oxygen?
What organic compounds with biological relevance contain the largest proportion by mass of oxygen?
Along with fats, fatty acids and amino acids, what contains oxygen?
Where is hydroxylapatite found?
What can occur to the lungs and central nervous system in deep scuba diving?
What can prolonged breathing of an air mixture with an O 2 partial pressure more than 60 kPa lead to?
What is the maximum O 2 partial pressure that can lead to convulsions?
What can occur by breathing an air mixture with 21% O 2 at 66 m or more of depth?
What does acute oxygen toxicity cause?
Why does breathing pure O 2 in space cause no damage?
What is the average O 2 partial pressure in a spacesuit?
What is the O 2 partial pressure in the breathing gas in a spacesuit?
How much damage does breathing pure O 2 in space cause?
How much more is the O 2 partial pressure in the astronaut's arterial blood than normal sea-level O 2 partial pressure?
When can oxygen gas be toxic?
At what partial pressure does oxygen toxicity usually begin to occur?
What is the composition of oxygen at standard pressure?
What type of ventilators can cause this problem?
What percentage of O 2 does oxygen mask gas typically consist of?
When did the 1973 oil crisis begin?
What was the global price of oil by the end of the embargo?
In what year was the second oil crisis?
What was the 1973 oil crisis called?
Who proclaimed an oil embargo in 1973?
Why did some European nations and Japan seek to disassociate themselves from US foreign policy in the Middle East?
What did the US do in response to Israel's withdrawal from the Sinai Peninsula?
When did the US Secretary of State negotiate a troop withdrawal from parts of the Sinai Peninsula?
When did Arab oil producers lift the embargo?
When did the United States pull out of the Bretton Woods Accord?
What was the value of the dollar left to do after the US abandoned the Gold Exchange Standard?
What did the industrialized nations do in anticipation of currency values fluctuating unpredictably for a time?
When did OPEC issue a joint communiqué stating that they would price oil in terms of a fixed amount of gold?
Why did oil producers' real income decrease?
How much did the dollar price of oil rise from 1947 to 1967?
When was OPEC slow to readjust prices to reflect the depreciation?
During what years did the price increases of gold return their prices to Bretton Woods levels?
When did the price of the dollar remain stable compared to other currencies and commodities?
When did Syria and Egypt launch a surprise attack on Israel?
What country was the world's second-largest oil exporter?
How many times more money would you have to spend to get the same result?
What country was the world's second-largest oil exporter?
What released the underlying economic pressure on oil prices?
Why did OPEC raise the posted price of oil by 70%?
When did OPEC raise the posted price of oil by 70%?
How long did the embargo last?
How much money did Nixon ask Congress to appropriate to Israel?
What caused OPEC to raise the price of oil?
How much did Saudi Arabia spend to spread Wahhabism?
What Sunni extremist groups did the al-Haramain Foundation distribute funds to?
In what region did arms purchases exacerbate political tensions?
What was the cause of the underdeveloped nations' economies being caught between higher oil prices and lower prices for their own export commodities?
What is Saudi Arabia's fundamentalist interpretation of Islam?
What has been held responsible for recessions, periods of excessive inflation, reduced productivity, and lower economic growth?
What country did the US fear could become a superpower in the Middle East?
In what year did a negotiated settlement based on equality between both parties begin?
Whose energy concerns were no match for interest groups and government agencies?
What had a negative influence on the US economy?
What industry did the price increases change competitive positions in?
Inflationary and deflationary impacts were part of what type of problem?
What rugged terrain did oil companies search for new ways to increase oil supplies?
How long does it usually take to find oil and develop new fields?
Which member of the EEC faced a complete embargo?
Who did the UK and France refuse to allow to use their airfields?
What country refused to allow America to use their airfields?
What country did the United States embargo arms and supplies to?
Who was the successor to Eisenhower?
What country was not affected by the oil embargo?
What was a major factor in the change of government?
When did coal miners and railroad workers strike?
Along with the UK, Italy, Switzerland, and Norway, what country banned flying, driving, and boating on Sundays?
What country rationed gasoline and heating oil?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
What was the purpose of allowing newly discovered oil to be sold at a higher price?
What exacerbated the crisis in the US?
How was scarcity addressed in the Ottoman Empire?
Who was the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
When did Nixon name William E. Simon as the first Administrator of the Federal Energy Office?
What was the purpose of the Federal Energy Office?
When did the American Automobile Association report that 20% of American gasoline stations had no fuel?
What was the national maximum speed limit in 1974?
What act imposed a speed limit of 55 mph in 1974?
Who signed the National Highway Designation Act?
When did Bill Clinton sign the National Highway Designation Act?
When was the Department of Energy created?
What led to greater interest in renewable energy, nuclear power and domestic fossil fuels?
What have American energy policies ignored?
Who has repeatedly backed policies that promise solutions that are politically expedient but whose prospects are doubtful?
Who briefly considered military action to forcibly seize Middle Eastern oilfields in 1973?
Who ordered a British intelligence estimate of U.S. intentions?
How long did intelligence warn the American occupation would need to last?
Who did the Soviets warn would be alienated by the American occupation?
What country was the most dependent on Arab oil?
What percentage of Kuwait's imported oil came from the Middle East in 1970?
What was the amount of production cut the company received in December?
On what date did Japan issue a statement asserting that Israel should withdraw from all of the 1967 territories?
By what date was Japan considered an Arab-friendly state?
What was one sign of insecurity in the region?
Who became increasingly dependent on American security assurances?
Along with Iran, what country became increasingly dependent on American security assurances?
When did the Shah lose control of Iran?
When was the Grand Mosque in Mecca taken over by Wahhabi extremists?
What did the crisis reduce the demand for?
What type of cars were the Toyota Corona, the Toyota Corolla, the Datsun B210, the Datsun 510, and the Honda Civic?
What type of engines did Japanese imports have that were more fuel efficient than American imports?
Where did the Toyota Corona come from?
When did Honda, Toyota and Nissan open US assembly plants?
What was the name of the larger car introduced by Toyota and Nissan?
What feature did the Datsun 810 add to the Mazda 616?
Along with Infiniti and Acura, what luxury division did Honda, Toyota and Nissan establish in the US?
Along with the Datsun Truck, what was the other compact truck introduced in the 1950s?
What did Mitsubishi rebrand its Forte as?
Who did Mazda, Mitsubishi and Isuzu have joint partnerships with?
What policy did the American makers end?
What forced General Motors and Chrysler to introduce smaller and fuel-efficient models for domestic sales?
By the late 1970s, how many passengers could a four-cylinder engine carry?
In what year did the average American vehicle move 17.4 miles per gallon?
Along with the Cadillac DeVille and Fleetwood, what luxury sedan became popular in the mid-1970s?
What was the only full-size model that did not recover?
By what year had virtually all "full-size" American cars shrunk?
When did Chrysler end production of their full-sized luxury sedans?
What was a prelude to the DOT "downsize" revision of vehicle categories?
When did OPEC's production begin to be surpassed by other countries?
When did the world price of oil decrease?
What was Saudi Arabia trying to do by increasing production?
What was the world price of oil during the 1979 energy crisis?
What was the name of the one-man spacecraft that put the first Americans in space?
Who carried out the Apollo program?
When was the first manned flight of Apollo?
Who was the first president of the United States?
How many people participated in Project Gemini?
When did the Apollo program run?
What two-man program supported Apollo from 1962 to 1966?
What country did the Apollo-Soyuz Test Project launch with?
What was the name of the space station that supported three manned missions in 1973-74?
In what year did the Apollo 1 crew die in a cabin fire?
When did the Apollo 1 cabin fire occur?
What forced the cancellation of three of the conferences?
How many of the remaining six Apollo missions achieved successful landings?
What prevented the Apollo 13 landing?
What was the first manned spacecraft to orbit another celestial body?
What was the name of the final manned mission to the Moon?
How many kilograms did the program return?
Along with rocketry and manned spaceflight, what areas of technology did Apollo spur advances in?
How many astronauts could the Mercury capsule support on a limited Earth orbital mission?
How many astronauts did the Apollo capsule carry?
Who was the NASA manager who named the spacecraft after the Greek god of light, music, and the sun?
What was one of the possible missions?
When was the Apollo program conceived?
In what year did NASA announce the Apollo program?
Who led NASA's in-house spacecraft design studies?
How many study contracts were awarded to General Dynamics/Convair, General Electric, and the Glenn L. Martin Company?
Who was the Deputy Administrator of NASA in 1960?
Who was elected president in 1960?
Who did Kennedy promise American superiority over in the fields of space exploration and missile defense?
What did Eisenhower think would be required for a manned Moon landing?
Who was the newly appointed NASA Administrator?
What did Kennedy feel had formed between the Soviets and themselves?
Who was the first person to fly in space?
Who was the first person to fly in space?
How long after Gagarin's flight did the House Committee on Science and Astronautics meet?
What was Kennedy's response to the news?
When did Kennedy send a memo to Lyndon B. Johnson?
Who was the Vice President at the time of Kennedy's memo?
How long after Eisenhower's statement did Johnson respond to Eisenhower's statement?
What did Johnson conclude about the United States's ability to reach a position of leadership?
Who was responsible for managing the Apollo program?
Where was Robert R. Gilruth's Space Task Group based?
Where was the site chosen?
Who donated the land for the Houston site?
Where is Cape Canaveral Air Force Station located?
Where was the Launch Operations Center located?
Who was responsible for the design and construction of the Kennedy Space Center?
What position did Debus hold at the LOC?
Who was the first president of the United States?
How many pads were planned?
Gemini and what other spacecraft were initially received in the OCB?
At what altitude could the Apollo spacecraft be tested in two vacuum chambers?
How big was the Vertical Assembly Building?
Who did Administrator Webb recruit for a high management job?
When was Mueller appointed Deputy Associate Administrator for Manned Space Flight?
Who was the Associate Administrator before Mueller?
Who was a candidate for a high management job?
What type of projects did Mueller work on?
Where did Mueller find skilled managers?
Who was the OMSF program controller?
How long did Phillips manage Apollo?
What was the condition of loaning Phillips to NASA?
What did many engineers fear would be extremely difficult in lunar orbit?
In what year was direct ascent generally the mission mode in favor at NASA?
Who did Houbolt send a series of memos and reports to?
Who was Seamans' special technical assistant?
When was an ad-hoc committee established to recommend a launch vehicle to be used in the Apollo program?
Who was Joseph Shea a member of?
Who was the deputy director of the Office of Manned Space Flight?
What is MSFC short for?
Who was Kennedy's science advisor?
Who did Jerome Wiesner hire to chair his own "Space Vehicle Panel"?
What organization reached an internal agreement on the use of the satellites?
When was the Saturn V launch vehicle officially announced?
Who made the disagreement public during a two-day visit by the President to Marshall Space Flight Center?
What did Wiesner say during a presentation by von Braun?
What does LEM stand for?
Who did NASA choose to be the LEM contractor?
What did the LOR method allow the lander to do in the event of a failure of the command ship?
What was the name of the ship that failed because of an oxygen tank explosion?
What did the Lunar Module provide to get the crew home safely?
In what year did the MSC study conclude that the LM was a good idea?
What shape was the command module in Maxime Faget's preliminary Apollo design?
What does CSM stand for?
How many men did the Lunar Module take to the lunar surface?
How many astronauts could the CM carry?
The Command Module was designed to carry three astronauts from launch to lunar orbit and back to what type of landing?
What was the exterior of the USS Enterprise covered with?
What was carried to slow the descent to splashdown?
How much did the module weigh?
What supported the Command Module?
What was used for long distance communications on the lunar flights?
What happened to the Service Module just before re-entry?
How much did the initial lunar flight version weigh?
What was carried on extended lunar missions?
Who won the contract to build the CSM?
How much thrust was required for translunar flight?
In what year did a program definition study conclude that the initial design should be continued as Block I?
North American Aviation won the contract to build the second stage of what launch vehicle for NASA?
How many astronauts did the Lunar Module land on the Moon?
What was the fuselage of the Space Shuttle designed to do?
How much did the initial LM model weigh?
How long was the surface stay of the Extended Lunar Module?
Who was the leader of the Apollo program?
What branch of the military was Von Braun in?
When was the decision to use lunar orbit rendezvous?
What did the first Saturn I test flights carry?
In what two years were the first boilerplate CSMs launched?
What satellites verified the safety of the translunar environment?
What did Pegasus satellites measure to verify the safety of the translunar environment?
What was the upgraded version of the Saturn I?
How much thrust did the S-IVB-200 produce?
What stage of the Saturn V was the S-IVB used as?
How many pounds could the Saturn IB send into low Earth orbit?
What was designed to send a fully fueled CSM and LM to the Moon?
What was the diameter of the Lunar Module?
How many stages did the Saturn V have?
What did the second and third stages of the S-IVB use?
From what projects were the Apollo astronauts chosen?
How many missions were commanded by Gemini or Mercury veterans?
Who was the first NASA scientist to fly in space?
What was the name of Schmitt's last mission to the Moon?
On what mission did Harrison Schmitt land on the Moon?
How many astronauts were awarded the Distinguished Service Medal?
What was the highest honor given to the 32 astronauts?
When were the medals awarded to Grissom, White, and Chaffee?
Why were the Apollo 7 crew awarded the lesser NASA Exceptional Service Medal?
Which mission was the first to receive a medal?
In what year were two Block I CSMs launched from LC-34?
What was the altitude of AS-201?
How far downrange was AS-202?
What part of the Command Module was validated?
What type of LM test flight was AS-206?
What was designed to accommodate lunar extravehicular activity?
What was replaced with a clear "fishbowl" type helmet?
What did the lunar surface EVA suit include?
What does LMP stand for?
Who was the Director of Flight Crew Operations for the Gemini and Apollo programs?
Which astronaut was Deke Slayton?
When was the first Apollo crew selected?
Who was the pilot of the first Apollo crew?
Wally Schirra, Eisele, and Walter Cunningham were announced as the prime crew for what aircraft?
What happened to the AS-205 mission in 1966?
When was the AS-205/208 mission planned?
What was the Saturn IB redesignated as?
Schirra, Eisele and Cunningham were reassigned as what?
Who was the program director for the "tiger team"?
What was the name of the team that investigated North American's problems?
When was the Lunar Module supposed to be ready for manned flight?
Who was the Manned Space Flight Administrator in 1965?
Where did the Russians test their spacecraft at Kennedy Space Center?
Who decided to name their flight Apollo 1 as a motivational focus on the first manned flight?
What did the "plugs-out" test simulate?
Where did the Russians train and conduct tests of their spacecraft?
What caused the crew to delay sealing the hatch?
When did the plugs-out test begin?
What began in the cabin during the hold?
What happened to the astronauts before the hatch could be opened?
What type of atmosphere did the electrical fire in the cabin have?
Who overseen NASA's accident review board?
What did the review board conclude existed in Command Module design, workmanship and quality control?
Who replaced Joseph Francis Shea?
When did NASA convene an accident review board?
What did NASA use instead of pure oxygen during launch?
What was removed from the Block II spacecraft?
What did the Block II design call for replacing the Block I plug-type hatch cover with?
What did NASA do with the manned Block I program?
What type of space suits did the crew wear?
What type of mission types did Mueller approve in 1967?
What did Mueller's sequence of mission types have to be in order to achieve the manned lunar landing?
What were used instead of numbers to indicate how many tries of each mission would be necessary?
What was the code for Apollo 4?
What part of the Command Module was able to survive a trans-lunar reentry?
When was Apollo 6 launched?
What unmanned test did NASA cancel?
What was the first unmanned test flight of LM in Earth orbit?
Where was Apollo 5 launched from?
Who wanted a second unmanned test of the LM?
What happened to the LM engines when they were fully test-fired and restarted?
What was the ascent engine fired in abort mode known as?
What was the original plan to launch Apollo 8 on?
What was the name of the Soviet Union's cosmonaut that sent animals to the Moon?
On what day did William Anders transmit television pictures of the lunar surface?
What did ASPO Manager George Low suggest Apollo 8 do instead of orbiting Earth?
What type of cosmonauts did the Soviet Union hope to send to the Moon?
Neil Armstrong, Michael Collins, and Buzz Aldrin were part of what type of crew?
When was the Apollo 11 G mission achieved?
What did the astronauts send back to Earth during their time on the surface of Neptune?
Who made up the Apollo 11 crew?
When did the astronauts return to Earth?
What was the name of the spacecraft that made a precision landing on the moon in 1969?
What was the name of the unmanned lunar probe that landed on the Ocean of Storms in April 1967?
What did the astronauts do with the parts they removed from the Surveyor?
What was the first lunar surface color television camera accidentally pointed into?
What would be carried on these missions to allow televised liftoff of the Lunar Module?
What was revised for extended missions to allow greater flexibility and visibility for driving the LRV?
How many more planned landing sites did NASA publicize?
How long did the CMP stay on the Moon?
What did NASA plan to increase on the CSM and LM for the last five missions?
What caused the Service Module to be disabled?
What type of crew did the USS Enterprise have onboard?
What happened to Apollo for the remainder of 1970?
What liquid exploded on the Service Module?
When did Apollo 13 launch Lovell, Jack Swigert, and Fred Haise?
What mission did the use of an existing Saturn V eliminate?
What happened to NASA's yearly budget after the successful landing?
What did the two unused Saturn Vs become?
In what year was the decision made to cancel missions 18 and 19?
How old are the rocks collected from the Moon compared to rocks found on Earth?
What is the age of samples derived from the highlands crust?
What geochemical component has no known terrestrial counterpart?
What is the name of the important rock found during the Apollo Program?
What do many samples appear to be pitted with?
Almost all the rocks show evidence of what?
What is impact melt?
What was the estimated cost of the Apollo program in 2005 dollars?
How many Saturn V rockets were purchased?
How much did the Space Review estimate the cost of Apollo from 1959 to 1973?
What is another name for the Apollo Extension Series?
What does AAP stand for?
What planet did the most ambitious plan call for using an empty S-IVB as an interplanetary spacecraft for?
When was Skylab launched?
Where was Skylab constructed?
When did Skylab's last crew leave the station?
What was the Skylab equipped with that would have been used on the Apollo Telescope Missions?
What was the name of NASA's robotic spacecraft that began photographing the lunar surface in 2009?
What was the name of the U.S. flag left on the Moon during the Apollo missions?
What is the degree to which the U.S. flags still retain their original colors?
What crew sent the first live televised pictures of the Earth and the Moon to Earth?
Where did the crew of Apollo 8 read from the creation story?
How much of the world's population saw the Christmas Eve transmission during the ninth orbit of the Moon?
What did the mission and Christmas provide to 1968?
What type of camera was used to record incompatible with broadcast TV?
What format did the Apollo TV camera use to record the Moon landing data?
What prompted NASA to remove massive numbers of magnetic tapes from the National Archives and Records Administration?
What did NASA record over the magnetic tapes?
Who led the team that designed and built the lunar television camera at Westinghouse Electric Corporation?
Who compiled the surviving original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11?
What was the purpose of the processing of the video?
What type of recordings were made at the Johnson Space Center?
Who restored the original lunar broadcast data from Apollo 11?
What color was the restored video in?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What is European Union law?
What are the main sources of primary law?
What are secondary sources that are based on the Treaties?
Who composes the legislature of the European Union?
What is European Union law?
What effect do Regulations and Directives have on the laws of European Union member states?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
Who composes the legislature of the European Union?
What are the three sources of European Union law?
What are the main sources of primary law?
Who is the legislature of the European Union composed of?
How many sources of European Union law are there?
Who applies European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Under what treaty can the European Commission take proceedings against a member state?
What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
Along with case law by the Court of Justice and general principles of European Union law, what is another source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Under what treaty can the European Commission take proceedings against a member state?
What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
Along with case law by the Court of Justice and general principles of European Union law, what is another source of European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
Who applies European Union law?
What is the highest court able to interpret European Union law?
What are some sources of European Union law?
What are the EU's primary constitutional sources?
Who has the initiative to propose legislation?
Who elects the European Parliament?
What is the supreme judicial body that interprets EU law?
What is composed of the Prime Ministers or executive Presidents of the member states?
What is one of the core treaties of the EU?
What is an example of a region that the TEU excludes from the jurisdiction of European Union law?
Can the Court of Justice of the European Union rule on the validity of the Treaties?
When can individuals rely on primary law in the Court of Justice of the European Union?
When do treaties apply?
What are the core treaties of the EU?
What are two examples of territories where European Union law applies?
When do treaties apply?
Who can interpret the Treaties?
How did the Treaties that form the European Union begin?
What are the names of the treaties that formed the European Union?
When did Spain and Portugal join the European Union?
When did the UK, Ireland, Denmark and Norway join the European Union?
Which country signed a treaty in 1985 giving it a special status?
What were the first Treaties that formed the European Union?
When was the Maastricht Treaty signed?
When was the Single European Act signed?
When did the UK, Ireland, Denmark, and Norway join the European Union?
When did Spain and Portugal join the European Union?
When was the attempt to reform the constitutional law of the European Union?
What resulted in the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe never coming into force?
What was the substance of the proposed constitutional treaty?
What was the formality of the treaty?
What did the treaty do to existing treaties?
What was the purpose of the Nice Treaty?
What did the Nice Treaty attempt to do?
What caused the Treaty establishing a Constitution for Europe to never come into force?
What was the name of the treaty that was enacted?
Who is the main executive body of the European Union?
Who does Article 17(1) of the Treaty on European Union state should "promote the general interest of the Union?"
Who sets the agenda for the EU's work?
How many Commissioners are there?
Who is the High Representative for Foreign and Security Policy?
What article of the Treaty on European Union states that Commissioners should be "completely independent" and not "take instructions from any Government?"
Who sets the agenda for the EU's work?
What type of vote is used to approve changes to the Treaty of Lisbon?
Who refused to consent to changes in the Treaty of Lisbon 2007?
Who should be "completely independent" and not "take instructions from any Government?"
What commission was censured by Parliament in 1999?
What did the European Court of Justice hold in the case of Commission v Edith Cresson?
Who found that few Commissioners had 'even the slightest sense of responsibility'?
Who appoints the board of the ECB?
The President of the Council and a Commissioner can sit in on ECB meetings, but do they have voting rights?
When was the Santer Commission censured by Parliament?
What was the name of the case in which the European Court of Justice held that a Commissioner giving a dentist a job for which he was clearly unqualified did not break any law?
Who found that few Commissioners had "even the slightest sense of responsibility"?
What was the name of the office that was created as a result of the investigation?
In what year did the EU investigate the Maltese Commissioner for Health?
Who have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
Why are equality and democracy deficient?
How often do European Parliament elections take place?
How much of the Commission can be censured?
Who does a member of the EU need to pass legislation without?
Who has a monopoly on initiating legislation?
Who have powers of amendment and veto during the legislative process?
When were the first direct elections held?
How often do European Parliament elections take place?
What is the largest political party in the European Parliament?
Who makes up the Council?
Who is the President of the European Parliament?
How is voting weighted to member state size?
How many votes are there in total?
How many votes are there in the EU Council?
What is the second main legislative body?
How often does the European Parliament meet?
How many votes are there in total?
What does TEU article 16(4) and TFEU article 238(3) define this to mean?
What must the Parliament vote by to block or suggest changes to a Commission proposal?
What must the Council vote by to approve changes?
Is it easier or harder to change EU law than to stay the same?
What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
Who believes it has the final say within the EU?
What defines the "ordinary legislative procedure" that applies for most EU acts?
How can legislation be blocked in the EU?
What articles state that powers remain with the member states unless they have been conferred?
What is convened when the different institutions cannot agree at any stage?
What branch of the EU has played an important role in the development of EU law?
What is the main judicial body of the European Union?
How many judges are there in the Treaty on European Union?
Who applies most EU law?
What is the CJEU's duty?
How has the judicial branch of the EU played an important role in the development of EU law?
What is the main judicial body of the European Union?
What tribunal deals with EU staff issues?
How long is a president elected for?
What is the CJEU's duty?
What has primacy if it conflicts with a provision of national law?
Why did the Italian Constitutional Court say Costa did not have a claim?
What years were the two Regulations that Simmenthal SpA claimed to be contrary to?
Who has had to develop principles to resolve conflicts of laws between different systems?
When was the first major case?
Who is responsible for determining the validity of the treaty within the EU?
What takes primacy over national law where this is agreed in the Treaties?
What does the Court of Justice not have the final say on?
When was the European Communities Act enacted?
What does the EU's legitimacy rest on?
What is the German Constitutional Court's view of the Solange I and Solange II decisions?
What binds EU institutions and member states to follow the law?
In what year were citizens or corporations said to not be allowed to bring claims against other non-state parties?
What can be subject to judicial review by EU institutions?
What concerns the European Union's governance structure?
In what case was it held that the provisions of the Treaties are directly effective if they are (1) clear and unambiguous (2) unconditional and (3) did not require EU or national authorities to take further action to implement them?
What article of the TFEU did Van Gend en Loos claim prevented the Dutch Customs Authorities from charging tariffs?
What was Van Gend en Loos?
What are EU Regulations the same as?
What does not generally give citizens standing to sue other citizens?
How many paid holidays does the Working Time Directive require every worker to have each year?
How many days of paid holidays do most member states require?
When did three Advocate Generals argue that Directives should create rights and duties for all citizens?
What happens if a Directive's deadline for implementation is not met?
How can a citizen or company invoke a Directive?
How long did Kücükdeveci work for Swedex?
Who did the Court of Justice rule that Mrs Foster was entitled to bring a sex discrimination claim against?
What age did British Gas make its employees retire at?
Who has a duty to interpret domestic law?
What did article 11 of the First Company Law Directive require?
What did the Italian government fail to do in Francovich v Italy?
How much money did Francovich receive in damages from the Italian government?
Who developed the principles of European Union law?
What are the accepted general principles of European Union Law?
How long has the European Court of Justice recognised proportionality as a general principle of European Union law?
Where is the principle of proportionality recognised in the EC Treaty?
What must be adopted when there is a choice between several appropriate measures?
How long has the concept of legal certainty been recognised by the European Court of Justice?
What law predates European Union law?
What must the adoption of laws which will have legal effect in the European Union have?
Where does the doctrine of legitimate expectation have its roots?
Where does the European Court of Justice draw inspiration from?
The European Court of Justice cannot uphold measures which are incompatible with what?
How many of the original treaties establishing the European Union mention protection for fundamental rights?
What was the only concern at the time of the European Convention on Human Rights?
When was the European Convention on Human Rights established?
What was the name of the court that recognised fundamental rights as a general principle of European Union law?
When did the European Council set up a body tasked with drafting a European Charter of Human Rights?
When was the Lisbon Treaty adopted?
What did the 2007 Lisbon Treaty recognise?
The Charter of Fundamental Rights of the European Union has become an integral part of what?
Who enforces the Charter in relation to European Union measures?
The Social Chapter is a chapter of what treaty?
When was the Treaty of Amsterdam?
When was the basis for the Social Chapter developed?
How many general principles does the Social Charter declare?
How many pieces of legislation were based on the Social Charter?
How many member states adopted the Social Charter in 1989?
Who refused to sign the Social Charter?
What was the Social Charter included as in the 1992 Maastricht Treaty?
When was the Maastricht Treaty signed?
What caused the UK to subscribe to the Agreement on Social Policy?
When was the Agreement on Social Policy formally subscribed to?
What was the name of the 1994 legislation that required workforce consultation in businesses?
When was the Parental Leave Directive adopted?
What did the 1994 Works Council Directive require?
Who signed the ECSC agreement?
When was the ECSC agreement signed?
What did article 65 of the agreement ban?
What article made provisions for concentrations and the abuse of a dominant position by companies?
When were competition rules included in the Treaty of Rome?
What article of the Treaty of Lisbon prohibits anti-competitive agreements?
What does Article 102 prohibit?
What articles provide that a member state's right to deliver public services may not be obstructed?
What article prohibits the abuse of dominant position?
When was the concept of a "social market economy" introduced into EU law?
When was the Treaty of Rome?
What is the goal of the North American Free Trade Association?
What type of area had a tendency to give way to a customs union?
Who has taken the view that the specific goals of free trade are underpinned by the general aims of the treaty for improvement of people's well being?
How is free movement of goods within the European Union achieved?
Who could not get certificates from authorities in France where they bought the Scotch?
What can states be responsible for?
In what case were French farmer vigilantes sabotaging shipments of Spanish strawberries?
What did Austria fail to ban on the Brenner Autobahn?
What was the minimum alcohol content of all spirits and liqueurs?
Where did Rewe-Zentrale AG want to import Cassis de Dijon?
When was Commission v Italy?
What was all Italian chocolate made from?
What did the Italian law prohibit?
Which two importers claimed that their prosecution under a French competition law was unlawful?
What was the aim of the law?
In what case did the Court of Justice review Swedish bans on advertising to children under age 12?
What directive harmonised restrictions on restrictions on marketing and advertising?
What have the Treaties sought to do since their foundation?
Who initially focused upon free movement of workers?
What was free movement increasingly based on?
In what case did a German man claim the right to residence in the Netherlands?
What did the Court of Justice hold that Mr Steymann was entitled to?
What articles of the Free Movement of Workers Regulation set out the main provisions on equal treatment of workers?
Who claimed that he should be able to transfer from R.F.C. de Liège to USL Dunkerque?
In Groener v Minister for Education, the Court of Justice accepted that a requirement to speak what language to teach in a Dublin design college could be justified?
In what case did the Court of Justice rule that a Dutch national was not entitled to continue receiving incapacity benefits when he moved to Belgium?
In Geven v Land Nordrhein-Westfalen, the Court of Justice held that a Dutch woman living in the Netherlands but working in Germany did not have a right to receive German child benefits?
What has been seen as a "fundamental" status of member state nationals by the Court of Justice?
What has citizenship of the EU increased?
In what case did the Court rule that Austria was not entitled to restrict places in Austrian universities to Austrian students?
What type of education has the Court required to be more accessible?
What treaty protects the "freedom of establishment" in article 49?
If the requirements to be registered in Milan before being able to practice were allowed, what was the condition?
In what case did the Court of Justice hold that a refusal to admit a lawyer to the Belgian bar because he lacked Belgian nationality was unjustified?
What article of the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union protects the "freedom of establishment"?
In what case did the Court of Justice rule that a requirement for lawyers in Italy to comply with maximum tariffs was not a restriction?
In what year was a toxic waste spill off the coast of Côte d'Ivoire?
What does Spain have a crime against?
When did the Court of Justice rule that the Commission could not propose what the criminal sanctions could be?
When was the competence for the Union to do this contested?
Who does the "freedom to provide services" under TFEU article 56 apply to?
Why was the lawyer in Van Binsbergen v Bestuur van de Bedrijfvereniging voor de Metaalnijverheid told he could not continue?
What did the Court of Justice reason were controlled in all member states?
What did the Dutch health authorities consider unnecessary?
What newspaper's parent company could not evade tax by shifting its residence to the Netherlands without first settling its tax bills in the UK?
What was the minimum amount of capital required to start a company in the UK?
What was the minimum amount of capital required to start a company in Denmark?
What could restrictions on freedom of establishment be justified by?
In what case did the Court of Justice rule that a German court could not deny a Dutch building company the right to enforce a contract in Germany?
What is the Amazon rainforest also known as in English?
How much of the Amazon basin is covered by rainforest?
How many nations make up the Amazon rainforest?
How many states have "Amazonas" in their names?
How much of the planet's remaining rainforest is in the Amazon?
What is the Dutch name for the Amazon rainforest?
What is a moist broadleaf forest that covers most of the Amazon basin of South America?
Where is the majority of the rainforest?
How much of the planet's remaining rainforest is in the Amazon?
How many species of trees are in the Amazon?
What type of forest is the Amazon rainforest?
How many square kilometres is the Amazon basin?
How many nations make up the Horn of Africa?
Where is the majority of the rainforest?
How many species of trees are in the Amazon?
What happened to the rainforest after the extinction of the dinosaurs?
What have climate fluctuations allowed savanna regions to do?
What was the size of the rainforest during the Oligocene?
What happened to the rainforest during the last glacial maximum?
How did the rainforest survive during the glacial periods?
What may have allowed the tropical rainforest to spread out across the continent?
How far south did the rainforest extend from 66-34 Mya?
What has allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
During what period did the rainforest spanned a narrow band?
What happened to Antarctica during the Middle Miocene?
What event led to the extinction of the dinosaurs?
When did the rainforest extend as far south as 45°?
During what period did the Alps expand again?
When did the Alps retrace to a mostly inland formation?
How long have climate fluctuations allowed savanna regions to expand into the tropics?
What is believed to have happened during the mid-Eocene?
What direction did water flow on the eastern side of the Amazon?
What is the name of the large basin that was created as the Andes Mountains rose?
When did the accumulating water break through the Purus Arch?
What did the accumulating water do when it broke through the Purus Arch?
When is it believed that the drainage basin of the Amazon was split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch?
Where did water on the eastern side of the Amazon River flow toward?
Where did water flow to the west across the Amazonas Basin?
Where did water flow to the west?
What is the name of the lake created when the Andes Mountains rose?
When was the drainage basin of the Amazon split along the middle of the continent by the Purus Arch?
What arch split the drainage basin of the Amazon during the mid-Eocene?
Where did water on the eastern side of the Amazon River flow toward?
Where did water flow to the west across the Amazonas Basin?
What is the name of the large basin that was created as the Andes Mountains rose?
What does LGM stand for?
What did analyses of sediment deposits from the Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate?
What do some scientists argue happened to the rainforest?
How difficult has the debate been to resolve?
Are both explanations supported by the available data?
How many years ago was the Last Glacial Maximum?
What has caused significant changes in Amazon rainforest vegetation over the last 21,000 years?
What did Analyses of from the Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall was lower during the LGM?
What was the cause of the lower rainfall in the Amazon basin during the LGM?
How many years ago was the Last Glacial Maximum?
What did Analyses of from the Amazon basin paleolakes and from the Amazon Fan indicate that rainfall was lower during the LGM?
What was probably reduced in the Amazon basin during the LGM?
What separated the small refugia in the rainforest?
Why has this debate been difficult to resolve?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is windblown out of the Sahara each year?
How much dust is transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
Where do 27.7 million tons of dust fall?
How many tons of dust remain in the air?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust is windblown out of the Sahara each year?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
How many tons of dust remain in the air?
How much dust is windblown from the Sahara to the Amazon?
What satellite has measured the amount of dust transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
What organization is responsible for the development of the space program?
How much dust is windblown out of the Sahara each year?
How much dust is transported by wind from the Sahara to the Amazon?
How much dust falls over the Amazon basin?
What was the title of Betty Meggers book?
What is the population density in square miles?
What was thought to be the only way to sustain a large population in the Amazon rainforest?
What type of findings have suggested that the region was densely populated?
How many people lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
Why was it thought that the Amazon rainforest was only ever sparsely populated?
Who wrote Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise?
What is the maximum population density that can be sustained in the rainforest?
What book did Betty Meggers write?
Who wrote Amazonia: Man and Culture in a Counterfeit Paradise?
What book did Betty Meggers write?
What is the maximum population density that can be sustained in the rainforest?
How many people lived in the Amazon region in AD 1500?
What was the population in the early 1980s?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When did Orellana say a complex civilization was flourishing along the Amazon?
What caused the destruction of the Sumerian civilization?
When were numerous geoglyphs discovered on deforested land?
Between what years have geoglyphs been found on deforested land?
Who was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
When was the first European to travel the length of the Amazon River?
Between what years have geoglyphs been found on deforested land?
Who discovered the geoglyphs in 1977?
How long has the Amazon rainforest been shaped by man?
What does Terra preta mean?
How is black earth distributed in the Amazon forest?
What did the development of fertile soil allow in the previously hostile environment?
In what tribe were the remains of large settlements found in 2003?
Who found the remains of the Xingu tribe?
What is widely accepted as a product of indigenous soil management?
What did the development of fertile soil allow in the previously hostile environment?
In what tribe were the remains of large settlements found in 2003?
Who found the remains of the Xingu tribe?
What were some of the evidence of the settlement?
How many insect species are in the region?
How many bird species live in the rainforests of the Amazon?
How many plant species have been scientifically classified?
How many fish species live in Amazonian rivers and streams?
How many invertebrate species have been described in Brazil?
How many insect species are in the region?
How many birds and mammals are found in the region?
How many plant species have been scientifically classified?
How many reptiles have been scientifically classified?
How many bird species live in the rainforests of the Amazon?
How large is a quarter square kilometer?
How many tree species can be found in a quarter square kilometer of Ecuadorian rainforest?
How many tonnes of living plants can be found in one square kilometer of Amazon rainforest?
What is the average plant biomass in Guinea-Bissau?
How many species of plants of economic and social interest have been registered in the region?
What is the biodiversity of plant species?
How many tree species can be found in a quarter square kilometer of Ecuadorian rainforest?
How many tonnes of living plants can be found in one square kilometer of Amazon rainforest?
What is the average plant biomass per hectare?
How many species of plants of economic and social interest have been registered in the region?
What can produce an electric shock that can stun or kill?
What is one of the largest predatory creatures?
What animal can bite and injure humans?
What do poison dart frogs secrete through their flesh?
What type of bats can spread the rabies virus?
What is the conversion of forested areas to non-forested areas called?
When was access to the forest's interior restricted?
What farming method was used in the 1960s?
Why were the colonists unable to manage their fields and crops?
What is the effect of deforestation on outer space?
How many square kilometres of forest was lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000?
How many square kilometres of forest was lost in the Amazon between 1991 and 2000?
What did most of the lost forest become?
How does Brazil rank as a global producer of soybeans?
What percentage of land in the Amazon has been deforested since 1970?
Whose needs have been used to justify many of the controversial transportation projects that are currently developing in the Amazon?
What did the first two highways lead to?
What was the mean annual deforestation rate from 2000 to 2005?
What has happened to deforestation in the Brazilian Amazon between 2004 and 2014?
How much did the mean annual deforestation rate increase from 2000 to 2005 compared to the previous five years?
What are environmentalists concerned about?
What are environmentalists concerned will result in loss of biodiversity?
What could accelerate global warming?
What do Amazonian evergreen forests account for in ecosystems?
How much carbon do Amazonian evergreen forests store?
What would cause the Amazon rainforest to become unsustainable?
What causes climate change?
By what year could the Amazon rainforest become unsustainable?
How long could the rainforest be threatened by climate change?
What could threaten the rainforest in the 21st century?
What continue to be destroyed by deforestation and ecocide?
Along with ethno-biology, what type of conservation has gained attention in South America?
What causes indigenous territories to be destroyed?
Which indigenous peoples continue to struggle to fight for their cultural survival and the fate of their forested territories?
What peoples have a relationship with non-human primates?
What is being used by the indigenous tribes to protect their tribal lands from commercial interests?
What tribe uses handheld GPS devices and programs like Google Earth to map out their ancestral lands?
Where do the Trio Tribe live?
Why do members of the Trio Tribe map out their ancestral lands?
Why are the indigenous tribes of the Amazon basin using remote sensing?
What is crucial to accurately map the Amazon's biomass and subsequent carbon related emissions?
What does the classification of tree growth stages within different parts of the forest help to map?
Who organized the trees of the Amazon into four categories?
When did Tatiana Kuplich organize the trees of the Amazon into four categories?
What did the researcher use to accurately place the different portions of the Amazon into one of the four classifications?
In what year did parts of the Amazon basin experience the worst drought in one hundred years?
Who are the scientists who argue that the drought and deforestation are pushing the rainforest towards a "tipping point"?
What is pushing the rainforest towards a "tipping point"?
What is the forest on the brink of becoming?
Whose results showed that the forest in its present form could survive only three years of drought?
In what year did the Amazon rainforest experience another severe drought?
How many square miles of rainforest was affected by the cyclone?
How many epicenters did the 2010 drought have?
What was the last severe drought in the Amazon rainforest?
How much carbon dioxide does the Amazon absorb in a typical year?
What are ctenophora commonly known as?
Where do ctenophora live?
What is the range of size of annelids?
What is ctenophora?
What is the most distinctive feature of annelids?
What do ctenophores and cnidarians rely on for digestion and respiration?
What is the maximum size of an adult annelid?
What is the most distinctive feature of annelids?
What are ctenophora commonly known as?
What is the maximum size of an adult annelid?
What do ctenophores and cnidarians rely on for digestion and respiration?
What Greek words are used to describe ctenophora?
Where do ctenophora live?
How much can ctenophores eat in a day?
How many species have been validated?
How many species have not been fully described and named?
How many species have been validated?
What are the tentacles of cydippids called?
How much can ctenophores eat in a day?
What do cydippids have a pair of retractable?
What are the mouths of coastal beroids armed with?
How much can ctenophores eat in a day?
What are the tentacles of cydippids called?
What are the mouths of coastal beroids armed with?
What sticky cells cover the tentacles of cydippids?
How many species have been validated?
What is it called when a single animal can produce both eggs and sperm?
What do most annelids' young look like?
How are juveniles able to reproduce before reaching the adult size?
What is a hermaphrodite?
What is a simultaneous hermaphrodite?
What type of hermaphrodites have eggs and sperm that mature at different times?
Whose eggs are fertilized inside their parents' bodies and kept there until they hatch?
What enables small populations to grow at an explosive rate?
What is a hermaphrodite?
What is a simultaneous hermaphrodite?
What is a sequential hermaphrodite?
Whose eggs are fertilized inside their parents' bodies and kept there until they hatch?
What type of annelids' young are miniature beroids with large mouths and no tentacles?
Where has Mnemiopsis accidentally been introduced?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What two factors aggravated the situation of the Mnemiopsis population?
What does Beroe prey on?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What did the ctenophore Mnemiopsis eat?
Where do ctenophores occur in high numbers?
Where do ctenophores occur in high numbers?
What is phytoplankton?
What ctenophore was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What is Mnemiopsis blamed for in the Black Sea?
What helped to mitigate the problem of ctenophores?
How long ago did the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event occur?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what?
How long ago was the early Cambrian period?
What do fossils of ctenophores appear to have no?
How long ago was the early Cambrian period?
What event occurred 66 million years ago?
Evidence accumulating since the 1980s indicates that the "cydippids" are not what?
What do fossils of ctenophores appear to have no?
Jellyfish and sea anemones are examples of what animal phylum?
How are ctenophores distinguished from all other animals?
Ctenophores are less complex than what other animal phylum?
What form an animal phylum that is more complex than sponges?
Ctenophores are distinguished from all other animals by having what?
Jellyfish and sea anemones are examples of what animal phylum?
Ctenophores are distinguished from all other animals by having what?
Ctenophores are distinguished from all other animals by having what?
What type of organisms have cells bound by inter-cell connections and carpet-like basement membranes?
Ctenophores are less complex than what other animal phylum?
What is the middle layer of jelly-like material called in cnidarians and ctenophores?
What are ctenophores and cnidarians traditionally labelled?
What animals have two main layers of cells that sandwich a middle layer of jelly-like material?
Along with cnidarians and ctenophores, what animal has two main layers of cells?
What do ctenophores use as their main method of locomotion?
What do ctenophores use cilia for?
What are comb-like bands of cilia called?
What does the name "ctenophora" mean?
Along with Beroe and Mnemiopsis, what is the other coastal genera?
What species are fragile enough to be difficult to capture intact for study?
What do coastal species need to be tough enough to do?
What are the three coastal genera?
The inner surface of the cavity is lined with what?
What do photocytes produce?
What is the name of the part of the body that acts as a throat?
What does the internal cavity form?
What are the most active parts of the animal?
What are the comb rows on the outer surface of a swimming pool called?
What are "combs" also called?
What is the extra compact filament suspected to have?
Where do ctenophores usually swim?
How long are the cilia?
What do some ctenophores rely on to adapt to water of different densities?
Where do the ciliary rosettes in the body cavity pump less dense brackish water to increase its bulk and decrease its density?
What do the ciliary rosettes in the body cavity do to the mesoglea to avoid sinking?
What do the rosettes do to reduce the volume of the mesoglea?
What is the largest sensory feature?
Where is the aboral organ located?
What protects the statocyst?
What is the main component of a balance sensor?
What is a statocyst?
What is another name for Pleurobrachia?
What do annelids have on opposite sides of their body?
What shape do Cydippid ctenophores' bodies have?
What are the tentacles housed in?
Where is the mouth on Pleurobrachia?
What are the tentacles of cydippid ctenophores fringed with?
What are colloblasts?
What cell type does Euplokamis have?
How many types of movement do Euplokamis' tentilla have?
What are Euplokamis' tentilla used for?
How many rows of combs run from near the mouth to the opposite end?
Where do the rows of combs run?
How are the rows of combs spaced?
What runs from each balancer in the statocyst?
What are muscular extensions of the body that project beyond the mouth?
What are auricles?
How many auricles do many species of lobates have?
What do the water currents in the auricles do?
What do lobates feed on?
How can members of the lobate genera Bathocyroe and Ocyropsis escape from danger?
What happens when lobates clap their lobes?
What are the movements of lobates' combs coordinated by?
What are the movements of lobates' combs coordinated by?
What are the Beroida also known as?
What is another name for Nuda?
What do the strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do?
What do the strips of adhesive epithelial cells on the stomach wall do?
What part of the Beroida bears "macrocilia" at the oral end?
What are ribbon-shaped planktonic animals?
What is one of the largest ctenophores?
What does Cestida mean?
How can cestids swim?
What can move much faster in what has been described as a "darting motion"?
What do most Platyctenida have on the aboral surface?
What do annelids do by everting the pharynx and using it as a muscular "foot"?
What do all known platyctenid species lack?
Where do Platyctenids live?
How are eggs and sperm released?
How do platyctenids fertilize their eggs?
Self-fertilization has occasionally been seen in species of what genus?
Where are the gonads located?
What type of fertilization do most species use?
What do juveniles of the genus Beroe lack?
Where do juvenile platyctenids live?
When do juvenile platyctenids attain the adult form?
How do juvenile platyctenids behave?
What is the name of the genus in which the juveniles lack tentacles and tentacle sheaths?
What does Bathyctena chuni produce when disturbed?
When do some species produce secretions that luminesce at the same wavelengths as their bodies?
What is the name of the secretions produced by Bathyctena chuni, Euplokamis stationis, and Eurhamphaea vexilligera?
How does luminescence differ between juveniles and adults?
How many ctenophores are predators?
What do members of the genus Haeckelia prey on?
What do members of the genus Haeckelia do with their prey's nematocysts?
What type of prey does Bolinopsis feed on?
What two-tentacled "cydippid" feeds exclusively on salps?
Why were ctenophores regarded as "dead ends" in marine food chains?
Oncorhynchus keta studied what fish?
What is it often difficult to identify the remains of in the guts of possible predators?
Where did herbivorous fishes deliberately feed on gelatinous zooplankton during blooms?
What do some jellyfish and turtles eat large quantities of?
What was accidentally introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov in the late 1980s?
How was the Western Atlantic ctenophore introduced into the Black Sea and Sea of Azov?
How were Mnemiopsis populations brought under control?
When was the Western Atlantic ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi accidentally introduced into the Black Sea?
What did the cooling of the climate do to the Mnemiopsis populations?
Why are ctenophores rare as fossils?
What could the Ediacaran Eoandromeda represent?
What period was the Burgess Shale from?
How many species were found in the Burgess Shale?
How did the annelids differ from other annelids in their comb rows?
How long ago was Stromatoveris dated?
What fossil is similar to Vendobionta?
What is the name of the sessile frond-like fossil from China's Chengjiang lagerstätte?
The fossil Stromatoveris is similar to what fossil from the Ediacaran period?
Vendobionta from what period is very similar to Stromatoveris?
Several recent studies have supported ctenophores as the sister lineage to what?
What is an example of a major animal lineage?
What modern ctenophores do not have cydippid-like larvae?
What did Richard Harbison conclude about the cydippids in 1985?
When did the Cretaceous-Paleogene extinction event occur?
Who concluded that the cydippids are not monophyletic?
What is the county seat of Fresno County?
How far northwest of Los Angeles is San Diego?
What does Fresno mean in Spanish?
What is featured on the city's flag?
What is the county seat of Fresno County?
When did the Central Pacific Railroad establish a station near Easterby's?
Why did many Millerton residents move to the new community?
When did Fresno become an incorporated city?
How many streetcars did the Fresno Traction Company operate in 1931?
What type of business grew around Fresno Station?
What percentage of Fresno's population was Asian in 1940?
Along with Little Armenia, German Town, Little Italy and Little Armenia, what ethnic neighborhood was in Fresno before World War II?
Where was the Pinedale Assembly Center located?
What was the Pinedale Assembly Center?
What was the Fresno Fairgrounds used for?
What was the name of the new product that Bank of America launched in Fresno in 1958?
What was the name of the new product that Bank of America launched in Fresno in 1958?
What did the BankAmericard allow cardholders to do?
When was BankAmericard renamed and spun off?
What company did BankAmericard become in 1976?
Who wrote the song "Walking Into Fresno"?
Who recorded the song "Walking Into Fresno"?
Where did Aken grow up?
Where did Aken make his first TV appearance?
Who adopted Aken?
How many large public parks does Fresno have?
Where is the Fresno Chaffee Zoo located?
What is the largest park in Fresno?
What Japanese garden is in Woodward Park?
What is the largest park in Fresno?
When did Downtown Fresno flourish?
What was the original name of the Fresno Carnegie Public Library?
What is the current name of the Grand 1401?
What was the name of the hotel that burned down?
When was Fulton Street converted into a pedestrian mall?
What is the name of the area that contains the densest collection of historic buildings in Fresno?
Who created the only piece of public art in the world that one can walk up to and touch?
Where will the public art pieces be placed?
What will the public art pieces feature?
Where is Sunnyside located?
What are the two major thoroughfares in San Diego?
During what time period was the city developed?
What neighborhood is on Fresno's far southeast side?
Who designed the Sunnyside Country Club's golf course?
What is the center of the Tower District?
When was the theater built?
The name of the theater refers to a well-known landmark, what is it?
What was the original name of the Fresno school?
How far is the Tower District from Fresno City College?
When did the Tower Theatre re-open?
What type of movies did the Tower Theatre show?
When did Roger Rocka's Dinner Theater & Good Company Players open?
Where is Audra McDonald from?
What roles did Audra McDonald play as a high school student?
Along with nightclubs and restaurants, what type of entertainment can be found in the neighborhood?
How close are the restaurants, live theater and nightclubs to each other?
What has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses?
What has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses?
What has become an attractive area for restaurant and other local businesses?
What is the area known for?
What type of houses were designed by Hilliard, Taylor & Wheeler?
What does the residential architecture of the Tower District do with the newer areas of tract homes urban sprawl?
When have many of the early 20th century homes been restored?
What is the name of the road that runs from First Street to Cedar Avenue?
Who mapped the Alta Vista Tract?
When did developers Billings & Meyering acquire the tract?
How many homes did the tract have by the end of the 20th century?
Who provided streetcar connections between downtown and County Hospital?
What is another name for the "West Side" of Fresno?
Where is the 99 freeway located?
What is the neighborhood traditionally considered to be the center of Fresno's community?
What are the main Asian populations in the city?
What is one of the oldest neighborhoods in Fresno?
Who is Kearney Boulevard named after?
What type of trees line Kearney Boulevard?
Between what two streets was Kearney Boulevard the preferred neighborhood for Fresno's elite African-American families?
What is the name of the section of the West Side south of Jensen and west of Elm?
What was known as the "Dogg Pound"?
When were public housing developments built in the neighborhood?
Where was a modern shopping center built?
What two companies have large processing facilities in the neighborhood?
On what side of Fresno is the Fresno Chandler Executive Airport?
How much retail activity does the neighborhood have?
Who founded Woodward Park?
How many acres is the park?
How many people can the multi-use amphitheatre seat?
How many miles will the Lewis S. Eaton trail system cover when complete?
When is the park open?
When was Sierra Sky Park Airport formed?
Who created the nation's first planned aviation community?
What is the name of the residential airport community?
Along with personal aircraft, what type of vehicle was allowed to share roads at Sierra Sky Park Airport?
How many aviation communities are there around the world?
What type of summers does Fresno have?
What is the warmest month in Houston?
What is the average annual precipitation?
What direction do most of the wind rose direction occurrences derive from?
When is there an increased presence of southeastern wind directions in the wind rose statistics?
What is the official record high temperature for Fresno?
When was the record low temperature for Fresno?
In what year did Tucson get the most rainfall in a month?
What was the heaviest snowfall at the airport on January 21, 1962?
What was the most rainfall in 24 hours on November 18, 1885?
What was Fresno's population in 2010?
What percentage of Fresno's population is white?
How many Native Americans are there?
What percentage of the population was non-Hispanic White in 2010?
What is the population density per square mile?
How many households had children under the age of 18 living in them?
What percentage of households had a female householder with no husband present?
How many same-sex married couples were there?
What was the average family size?
What was the average household size?
How many people lived in the city in 2000?
How many housing units were there?
What percentage of the city is Black or African American?
How much of Seattle's population is Hmong?
What is the population density of the city?
Why did the Federal Communications Commission decide that Fresno would only have UHF television stations?
What was the name of the first Fresno television station to begin broadcasting?
When did KMJ-TV begin broadcasting?
What is KMJ now known as?
What is the CBS affiliate in Fresno?
What is the main north/south freeway in Fresno?
What is the name of State Route 168?
What is the name of the Yosemite Freeway?
Where does State Route 180 come from?
What is the largest U.S. city not directly linked to an Interstate highway?
When was the Interstate Highway System created?
What was the old name of State Route 99?
Why was SR 99 upgraded to interstate standards?
Who provides passenger rail service?
Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located?
Which two railroads have Bakersfield-Stockton mainlines?
What railroad operates former Southern Pacific branchlines out of San Diego?
Where is the Santa Fe Railroad Depot located?
Who developed the concept of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
What was the difference between the concept of pre-allocation and pre-allocation of network bandwidth?
Who is credited with coining the modern name packet switching?
What concept did Paul Baran develop?
What was the goal of Distributed Adaptive Message Block Switching?
Who is credited with coining the modern name packet switching?
What is a method that pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
What is circuit switching characterized by?
How is packet switching characterized?
What is a method that pre-allocates dedicated network bandwidth specifically for each communication session?
What is circuit switching?
How is circuit switching characterized in cellular communication services?
How is packet switching characterized?
How can packet mode communication be implemented?
How are packets normally forwarded by intermediate network nodes?
How are packets delivered on a shared physical medium?
How can packet mode communication be implemented?
How are packets normally forwarded?
How are packets delivered on a shared physical medium?
What did Baran develop during his research at the RAND Corporation?
What was the purpose of Baran's research?
What are the three key ideas of the work?
What is one of the key ideas of the work?
What did Report P-2626 describe?
How are messages delivered in a decentralized network?
What concept did Baran develop?
What are the three key ideas of the work?
What did Donald Davies do?
What did Bell call his network?
What did Bell propose to do with packet switching?
What did Roger Scantlebury suggest to Lawrence Roberts?
Who developed the same message routing methodology as Baran?
What did Bell call his network?
What did Roger Scantlebury do when he met Lawrence Roberts?
In connectionless mode, what does each packet include?
How are the packets routed?
What is labeled on a packet?
What happens at the destination?
How big can the packet header be?
What does routing a packet require the node to do?
What do the packets include?
What does connection-oriented transmission require?
What do X.25 and Frame Relay provide?
What has happened to X.25 and Frame Relay?
What happened to X.25 and Frame Relay?
What is a typical configuration?
When did ARPANET and SITA HLN become operational?
What were the fundamental differences between the two types of networks?
What does the network guarantee in a virtual call system?
What is an example of a datagram protocol?
What was AppleTalk?
What features did AppleTalk include?
What did the AppleTalk system do?
What type of system was the PS3?
What was the name of the French research network designed and directed by Louis Pouzin?
What was the first thing about the first network?
What was the first network to make the hosts responsible for reliable delivery of data rather than the network itself?
What did the concepts of the ARPANET network influence?
What is DECnet?
What was the original purpose of DECnet?
How many layers did the OSI-compliant networking protocol initially have?
How did DECnet Phase II differ from DECnet Phase I?
What was GE's data network designed to connect?
What was the computer time-sharing service?
What did Sinback do to turn the business around?
What did Eisenhower decide about the time-sharing system?
Why was Merit Network, Inc. formed?
What is the name of the interactive host to host connection that was made between the IBM mainframe computer systems at the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor and Wayne State University in Detroit?
What was added to the network over the next several years?
What was Telenet?
Which former ARPA IPTO director founded the ARPANET Foundation?
What did Larry Roberts want to do with ARPANET?
What were the changes made to the ARPANET technology?
What happened to Telenet in 1979?
What was Tymnet?
What did Tymnet use X.25, SNA/SDLC, BSC and ASCII interfaces to do?
How are users typically connected to the Internet?
What did the private network business allow?
How were private networks connected to the public network?
What networks were initially implemented with an X.25 external interface?
Who developed DATAPAC?
How could a user or host call a host on a foreign network?
What was AUSTPAC?
What applications did AUSTPAC support?
How can a user access the Internet?
What was Datanet 1?
What did the name Datanet 1 refer to?
What did Datanet 1 also refer to?
What contributed to the confusion?
What does CSNET stand for?
What was the purpose of the ARPANET?
What was the significance of the emergence of the Internet?
What is Internet2?
Who built the first Internet2 Network?
What was the name of the first Internet2 Network?
What did Internet2 announce in 2006?
What did Internet2 do with Abilene?
What does NSFNET stand for?
What did the NSFNET promote?
What happened to the NSF-funded supercomputing centers?
What does vBNS stand for?
What was the purpose of the Very high-speed Backbone Network Service?
Who was responsible for the operation of the NSF network?
How many points of presence did the vBNS have by 1998?
What did vBNS do in 1999
Where did the Black Death originate?
Where did Oriental rat fleas live?
How much of Europe's population was the Black Death estimated to have killed?
When did the world population return to pre-plague levels?
How long did the plague recur in Europe?
What does enzootic mean?
When were Nestorian graves found?
Along with India, where could the plague have spread to?
When did the famine begin?
How many Chinese and other Asians were killed by the plague?
Who brought the plague to Europe?
Who led the Mongol army during the siege?
What did the Mongol army catapult over the city walls of Kaffa to infect the inhabitants?
Where did the Genoese traders flee to?
What conditions contributed to the severity of the Black Death?
Where did the plague spread from Italy?
Where did the plague spread to in 1351?
Where was the plague less common?
Where did the disease spread east through from 1348 to 1350?
In what year did a ship land at Asky?
What did the plague cause in the Middle East?
When did the plague reach Alexandria?
How did the plague reach Alexandria?
What happened to the residents of the city?
Who claimed that the Latin name atra mors first appeared in modern times in 1631?
What was the Latin name for the Black Death?
Who wrote the book "Vulgo & ab effectu atram mortem vocatibant"?
When was the Black Death first called in England?
Where did the name TB spread through?
What did the medical faculty blame for the plague?
Who did the medical faculty in Paris write a report to?
What was the most widely accepted theory about the plague?
What is the name of the theory that explains the origins of the universe?
What is the dominant explanation for the Black Death?
When did teams of scientists investigate the 19th century plague?
Who was one of the scientists who investigated the 19th century plague?
What was established in 1898 by Paul-Louis Simond?
What was the bubonic plague mechanism dependent on?
Who wrote about the 'Great Pestilence' in 1893?
What did Francis Aidan Gasquet think the 'Great Pestilence' was?
When was the second edition of The Black Death published?
What did Darwin implicate in the bubonic plague for the Black Death?
What was one of the epidemics that von Neumann's interpretation was widely accepted for?
What is the mortality rate of the modern bubonic plague?
What is the range of fever in degrees Fahrenheit during the bubonic plague?
What percentage of people who contract the bubonic plague die within eight days?
What is the mortality rate of pneumonic plague?
What is a symptom of hemophilia?
When did PLoS Pathogens publish a paper by a multinational team that undertook a new investigation into the role of Yersinia pestis in the Black Death?
What did a multinational team do in October 2010?
How did the researchers assess the presence of DNA/RNA for Y. pestis?
Where did the researchers find Y. pestis?
What does the discovery of Y. pestis do for the debate about the etiology of the Black Death?
What are clades?
Which two strains of Y. pestis were found to be ancestral to modern isolates?
What do the clades found to be ancestral to modern isolates of Y. pestis strains suggest?
When did the first variant of the plague enter Europe?
When did the first variant of the plague reach England?
What has happened to the results of the Haensch study?
Where was the Black Death burial site in England?
What can happen to a company that has been in business for a long time?
When was a study published in Nature that sequenced the genome of Y. pestis from plague victims?
Who challenged the plague theory in 1970?
What did J. F. D. Shrewsbury find about the 14th century pandemic?
What did J. F. D. Shrewsbury conclude about the modern bubonic plague?
What did Graham Twigg produce in 1984?
Who questioned the identity of the Black Death?
What is as important as the identification of symptoms of the plague?
Why are researchers hampered by an epidemiological account of the plague?
How much do estimates of the population at the start of the plague vary?
Whose estimates of plague victims are usually extrapolated from?
When did no census take place in England?
What did sceptics of the bubonic plague theory argue about the rat population?
What was the significance of transference via fleas in goods according to sceptics of the bubonic plague theory?
Why did the Black Death spread faster than modern bubonic plague?
Did the Black Death spread faster or slower than modern bubonic plague?
What are some of the arguments against the theory that the Black Death spread faster than modern bubonic plague?
What did Twigg suggest was the cause of the outbreak?
What did Norman Cantor think was the cause of the avian flu?
Along with bubonic plague, what other diseases are believed to have contributed to the pandemic?
What is a septicemic infection?
How many bodies were exhumed from the Clerkenwell area in 2014?
What is the most widely accepted estimate for the death rate in the Middle East during this time?
How much of Paris's population died in the fire?
What did scientific investigations of a burial pit in Central London find?
What percentage of the population died in crowded cities?
What areas were less vulnerable to contagion?
When did the plague return to haunt Europe and the Mediterranean?
According to Biraben, when was the Second Pandemic?
How many people did France lose to the plague?
What is the range of preincident population figures in England?
When did the Black Death subsided in England?
How much of the population was affected by the plague in 1471?
When did the Great Plague of London end?
How many people died of the plague in Paris in 1466?
Where did the Black Death spread to?
What outbreak was associated with troop movements during the Thirty Years' War?
When was the last plague outbreak in Oslo?
How many times did the plague occur in Venice?
How many victims did the plague claim in the first half of the 17th century?
How many people were killed by the plague in Naples in 1656?
What did the plague of 1649 do to the population of Seville?
What was the Great Northern War?
When did Europe's last major epidemic occur?
When was plague present in the Islamic world virtually every year?
How many inhabitants did Algiers lose in 1620-21?
How long did plague remain a major event in Ottoman society?
How much of Baghdad's population has been wiped out by the plague?
What does an igneous rock crystallize from?
What type of rock is formed by heat and pressure?
What is formed when igneous rocks are re-melted?
What are the three major types of rock?
What changes the mineral content of a metamorphic rock?
What was the most important discovery of the 1960s?
What does the lithosphere include?
What is the solid upper mantle called?
Oceanic lithosphere is the rigid upper thermal boundary layer of what?
When was seafloor spreading discovered?
What are mid-ocean ridges explained as?
What are arcs of volcanoes and earthquakes explained as?
What resulted in widespread powerful earthquakes?
Who developed the theory of continental drift?
What does the lithosphere move over?
What can seismologists use in reverse to image the interior of the Earth?
What is on top of the lithosphere?
What is below the crust and lithosphere?
What have seismologists been able to create detailed images of?
What is below the mantle?
What does the second scale show?
What is a very short period with short epochs?
What is the latest epoch?
What does Q stand for?
What pertains to the formation of faults and the age of the sequences through which they cut?
If a fault penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, what must the formations that are not cut be?
What can help determine if a fault is a normal fault or a thrust fault?
If a fault penetrates some formations but not those on top of it, what is the age of the formations that were cut?
What is found in igneous rocks?
What are foreign bodies picked up as?
What is another name for inclusions?
What principle states that if inclusions are found in a formation, the inclusions must be older than the formation that contains them?
What is ripped up and included in a newer layer of sedimentary rocks?
What principle is based on the appearance of fossils in sedimentary rocks?
Who laid out the principles of succession?
How complex is the principle of fossilization when there are uncertainties of fossilization?
What exists at the same time period throughout the world?
Who wrote the theory of evolution?
When was the ability to obtain accurate absolute dates to geologic events facilitated by the use of radioactive isotopes?
What did geologists use to date sections of rock relative to one another?
What did isotopic dates make it possible to assign to rock units?
What did geologists use fossils and stratigraphic correlation to date sections of rock?
What could absolute dates be applied to in which there was datable material?
What can be used to determine temperature profiles within the crust, the uplift of mountain ranges, and paleotopography?
What is the point at which different radiometric isotopes stop diffusing into and out of the crystal lattice?
What is measured in minerals that give the amount of time that has passed since a rock passed through its particular closure temperature?
What can provide absolute age data for sedimentary rock units which do not contain radioactive isotopes?
Under what type of compression do rock units shorten and become thicker?
Where can thrust faults form?
What is it called when the material in the center of the fold buckles upwards?
What is it called when the material in the center of the fold buckles downwards?
If the tops of the rock units within the folds remain pointing upwards, what are they called?
What causes the rock units as a whole to become longer and thinner?
What are the stretched rocks that can pinch into lenses called?
Where can the entire sedimentary sequence of the Grand Canyon be seen over a length of less than a meter?
What happens to rocks at the depth to be ductilely stretched?
How is ductile stretching and thinning accomplished?
What are long planar igneous intrusions called?
Where do dikes form in large numbers?
Faulting and other deformational processes result in the creation of what?
What maintains the topographic gradient in spite of the movement of sediment?
What is often associated with volcanism and igneous activity?
What do the Hawaiian Islands consist almost entirely of?
What is the oldest known rock in the world?
What have remained in place since Cambrian time in the sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon?
The sedimentary sequences of the mid-continental United States and the Grand Canyon in the southwestern United States contain almost-undeformed stacks of sedimentary rocks that have remained in place since what time?
Where is the Acasta gneiss from?
What is petrology?
What is stratigraphy?
What is structural geology?
Along with rivers, landscapes and glaciers, what do geologists study?
What do petrologists do in the field?
What properties of minerals can be identified through a petrographic microscope?
Stable and radioactive isotope studies provide insight into what?
Where do petrologists identify rock samples?
What type of microscope is used for optical mineralogy analysis?
What type of experiments can  Petrologists use to understand mineral phases?
What can  Petrologists do to understand the temperatures and pressures at which different mineral phases appear?
Along with igneous processes, what type of processes do mineral phases change through?
Who uses microscopic analysis of oriented thin sections of geologic samples to observe the fabric within the rocks?
What do structural geologists use to observe the fabric within the rocks?
What do geologists do to better understand the orientations of faults and folds?
What type of experiments do geologists perform?
What are zones in which mountains are built along convergent tectonic plate boundaries?
What are the most well-known experiments in structural geology?
What are horizontal layers of pulled along a lower surface into a back stop?
What is a critically tapered orogenic wedge?
What type of models can include patterns of erosion and uplift in the mountain belt?
Who analyzes samples of stratigraphic sections that can be returned from the field?
What type of surveys do stratigraphers use to determine the locations of stratigraphic units in the subsurface?
Geophysical data and what else can be combined to produce a better view of the subsurface?
What do stratigraphers often use to produce a better view of the subsurface?
What can stratigraphers locate areas for?
Why do geochronologists date rocks?
Who analyzes rock samples from outcrop and drills cores for the fossils found in them?
Who looks for signs of magnetic reversals in igneous rock units within drill cores?
Who dates rocks in order to provide better absolute bounds on the timing and rates of deposition?
Where does Garrison believe the origin of geology can be traced to?
Who was one of the earliest Persian geologists?
Who formulated a hypothesis for the process of land formation?
Who proposed detailed explanations for the formation of mountains, the origin of earthquakes, and other topics central to modern geology?
What was Shen Kuo's hypothesis based on?
Who is often viewed as the first modern geologist?
What was the title of Avicenna's 1785 paper to the Royal Society of Edinburgh?
In what year did Hutton publish a two-volume version of his ideas?
What did Darwin's theory say about the age of the earth?
Who produced the first geological map of the U.S.?
When was the first geological map of the U.S. produced?
When did Maclure begin his geological survey of the United States?
What was the name of the memoir that was submitted to the American Philosophical Society?
What organization published the first geological map in the U.S.?
What was the name of Sir Charles Lyell's book?
What doctrine did Darwin's book promote?
What doctrine did Darwin's book promote?
What is the theory that Earth's features formed in single catastrophic events?
Whose thought was influenced by The Origin of Species?
How far is Newcastle from Edinburgh?
How far is Newcastle from the North East?
What network of European cities does Newcastle belong to?
What county was Newcastle a part of until 1400?
What is the regional nickname and dialect for people from Newcastle and the surrounding area?
Who was William the Conqueror's eldest son?
What trade did Southampton become an important centre for in the 14th century?
What type of mining did Southampton become known for?
When did the port of Southampton develop?
What is the name of the world's most popular half marathon?
What was the first recorded settlement in what is now Newcastle?
Pons Aelius was a Roman fort and bridge across what river?
What was the population of Pons Aelius at this time?
What wall is still visible in parts of Newcastle?
What tribes did Hadrian's Wall prevent the incursion of?
What was Newcastle known as during the Middle Ages?
Who granted the city a new charter in 1589?
How high was the stone wall around the town in the 13th century?
What Scots king was imprisoned in Newcastle in 1174?
How many times was Newcastle successfully defended against the Scots?
What did a royal act restrict all shipments of from Tyneside to Newcastle Quayside?
What was the name of the cartel of Newcastle burgesses that had a monopoly in the coal trade?
What does the phrase "a pointless pursuit" mean?
What was Timothy Dexter regarded as?
What were the merchants plotting to do by persuading him to sail a shipment of coal to Newcastle?
Along with the keelmen, who lived in the Sandgate area?
What were keels?
How many of Newcastle's inhabitants died of plague in the 1630s?
What percentage of Newcastle's population died from the plague in 1636?
What type of loss did the Newcastle epidemic cause?
Who did the North declare for during the English Civil War?
Who were Cromwell's allies?
What did Cromwell's allies use to storm Southampton?
What does the motto "Fortiter Defendit Triumphans" mean?
Who was imprisoned in Newcastle by the Scots in 1646?
What did this revolution result in?
What was the largest pottery company in the world in 1817?
What was Newcastle one of the first cities in the world to be lit up by?
What was shipbuilding and heavy engineering central to in the 19th century?
What was Charles Parsons' invention that led to the revolution of marine propulsion and the production of cheap electricity?
What type of street layout does Newcastle still have?
What are 'chares'?
What remains intact in places from the riverside to higher parts of the city centre?
What type of buildings are in Close, Sandhill and Quayside?
What is the "House of Tides"?
What is the name of the neoclassical center in Newcastle?
What did Stuart Maconie call Newcastle?
What street did Nikolaus Pevsner describe as one of the finest streets in England?
When was Grainger Town demolished?
What is Eldon Square?
What is the name of the green space in Newcastle?
What do the freemen of the city have the right to do on the park?
What is the largest travelling funfair in Europe?
When is the Hoppings funfair held?
Who has the right to graze cattle on the park?
What has replaced former shipping premises with imposing new office developments?
Who commissioned the Gateshead Millennium Bridge?
Who designed the Sage Gateshead music centre?
What is the purpose of NewcastleGateshead?
How many days did the Bambuco Bridge last?
What is the historic heart of Newcastle?
When were Richard Grainger's streets built?
How many stories are most of the buildings in the city of New Haven?
How many of Grainger Town's buildings are listed?
What was the original name of the market that the Grainger Market replaced?
When was the Grainger Market opened?
How many guests attended the grand dinner?
What does the Laing Art Gallery have of the opening?
What is the name of the organization that is responsible for the protection of the environment?
What type of climate is Newcastle?
What influence does the Gulf Stream have on Newcastle's climate?
What type of weather do the North Pennines have?
When was the lowest temperature recorded at Newcastle Weather Centre?
What is Newcastle's climate similar to?
In what year was Newcastle ranked ninth in the retail centre expenditure league of the UK?
What is the largest city centre shopping complex in the UK?
What was the name of the first department store in the world?
How was revenue reported in the Bainbridge's official ledgers?
In what year was a new bus station opened?
What is a popular activity on Grainger Street?
What type of shopping areas are Gosforth and Byker?
What is the largest grocery store in the UK?
What is the name of the largest indoor shopping center in Europe?
Where is the MetroCentre located?
What was the dominant housing form constructed at the time when the industrial centres on Tyneside were growing most rapidly?
What were Tyneside flats built as?
Where was a new development created that recreated the old neighborhoods?
Who were Cany Ash and Robert Sakula?
Cany Ash and Robert Sakula were attracted by the possibilities of what?
What was the percentage of detached homes in Southampton in the 2010 Census?
What is the proportion of converted or shared houses in the highest colour-coded bracket?
What type of market is Harrogate's housing stock considered to be?
What is one of the few to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census?
What is one of the few authorities to see the proportion of detached homes rise in the 2010 Census?
In what year did Newcastle have a population of 189,863?
What borough of Newcastle has a population of around 259,000?
What type of population does Newcastle have?
What is the name of the university in Northumbria?
Jesmond and Heaton have what type of population?
What is the average age of people living in Newcastle?
What do many people in Southampton have?
Armstrong, Charlton, Elliot, Kerr, Hall, Nixon, Little and Robson are examples of what surnames?
How many Bolivians live in Newcastle?
What percentage of Newcastle's population is Bolivian?
What is the dialect of Newcastle called?
Who migrated to and conquered much of England after the end of Roman Imperial rule?
What does the Geordie dialect retain of the old language?
What word is pronounced "strang"?
What does "burn" mean in English?
Where did the Geordie words "bairn" and "hyem" originate from?
Where are some words used in the Geordie dialect used?
What language do the words "bonny" and "howay" appear to be used in?
How many words appear to be used exclusively in Newcastle and the surrounding area?
What language does the word "hoy" come from?
What was published by the Ear Institute at the University College London and Widex?
What did the Ear Institute and Widex call Newcastle in 2007?
What was Newcastle's average decibel level?
What kind of long-term impact did the report claim the noise levels would have on the health of the city's residents?
What location in Newcastle was criticized for not having pedestrian access?
Which street is known as the 'Diamond Strip'?
What type of complex is "The Gate"?
How many screens does the Empire multiplex have?
What is the name of Newcastle's gay scene?
What type of establishments are in the Pink Triangle?
What is the city's proud history of?
Who successfully managed the original Theatre Royal, Newcastle for fifteen years?
How many seasons did Stephen Kemble guide the theatre through?
In what year did the Theatre Royal open?
What was the new name of the street that replaced the old one that was demolished?
What type of theaters still exist in Southampton?
What is the largest theatre in London?
What company has hosted a season of performances at the Royal Festival Hall for over 25 years?
What type of talent does the Mill Volvo Tyne Theatre feature?
What was NewcastleGateshead voted as in 2006?
What is the largest independent library outside of London?
How many CDs does Sony's music library contain?
Who designed the current Lit and Phil premises?
What was the first public building to be lit by electric light?
Who gave the first lecture in a public building to be lit by electric light?
What is the name of the festival organized by CAMRA?
When is the Evolution Festival held?
How often is the AV Festival held?
What is the name of the food and drink festival in NewcastleGateshead?
How many weeks does NewcastleGateshead run each year?
What is the largest travelling fair in Europe?
When does the Hoppings take place?
What movement was the origins of the annual race at High Gosforth Park?
What is the Northern Rock Cyclone?
What is held in Leazes Park in mid July?
What is the name of the two-day multicultural event held on the late August bank holiday weekend?
Where will the 2009 event be held?
What is the name of the annual design festival?
What type of cultural festival is the SAMA Festival?
Where is the International Arts Fair held?
What type of music are Lindisfarne?
When was the song "Fog on the Tyne" released?
What band is considered to be the originators of black metal?
What was the name of the first folk metal band?
What band was Andy Taylor a lead guitarist for?
When was the Pilgrim Street building refurbished?
Where was the cinema relocated to during the refurbishment works?
How many cinemas does the site currently house?
What is the name of the United Kingdom's last surviving news cinema?
What part of the building contains the Tyneside Bar?
What is the name of the science museum in Newcastle?
What does the Discovery Museum highlight?
What is Tyneside's heritage?
When did the Newcastle on Tyne Museum of Antiquities merge with the Great North Museum?
What is the name of the children's book museum in Newcastle?
What is the earliest known movie with exterior scenes filmed in New Haven?
What film was filmed in Newcastle in 1971?
What type of film was Stormy Monday?
Who directed Stormy Monday?
Along with Melanie Griffith and Sean Bean, who starred in Stormy Monday?
Where is Newcastle's horse racing course?
What basketball team plays in Newcastle?
What is the name of Newcastle's speedway team?
Where are the Newcastle Diamonds based?
What is the name of the famous road race from Newcastle to Blaydon?
How far is Newcastle International Airport from the city centre?
What is the name of the public transportation system that connects Newcastle to the city?
How long does a journey into Newcastle city centre take?
How many passengers does the airport handle per year?
How many destinations are available worldwide as of 2007?
What type of architecture was enhanced in the 19th century public portico?
How many Grade One listed railway stations are there in the UK?
Whose architecture was enhanced in the 19th century public portico?
Who did John Dobson collaborate with to build the station?
What is the name of Southampton's other mainline station?
What is the frequency of Virgin Trains East Coast's trains to London King's Cross?
How many hours is the journey time from Durham to London King's Cross?
Where do all Virgin Trains East Coast trains call at?
What trains serve destinations in Yorkshire, the Midlands and the South West?
Who provides local and regional services?
What is the name of the underground railway system that covers much of Tyne and Wear?
How many phases did the London Underground system open in between 1980 and 1984?
What type of tunnels were constructed through Newcastle city centre?
What was built across the Tyne between Newcastle and Gateshead?
How many passengers does the network carry a year?
What is the name of the refurbishment and modernization of the metro system?
What is the programme part of the transition to?
What else is being overhauled?
What do the longer term plans include the procurement of?
What would some of the proposed routes require instead of light rail trains?
What is the name of the major road in the area?
What is the name of the road that becomes the A68?
What is the name of the A167?
What was renumbered after the completion of the Western Bypass?
What was increased when a project to build a second road tunnel and refurbish the first tunnel was completed?
How many bus companies provide services in Southampton?
How many major bus stations are in the city?
What is the name of the bus company in North East?
What is Nexus?
What bus company operates from Eldon Square Bus Station?
When did Newcastle develop its cycling strategy?
What are the council's social aims and objectives for cycling?
What type of living does cycling promote?
Contraflows are implemented on what kind of street?
What does the authority want to link the local networks to?
Who runs a service from Newcastle International Ferry Terminal to IJmuiden?
When did the DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg cease?
Why did the DFDS ferry service to Gothenburg cease?
When was the DFDS ferry service to Bergen and Stavanger terminated?
What cruise line has included Newcastle as a departure port on its Norwegian and Fjords cruises?
How many LEA-funded 11 to 18 schools are in Newcastle?
How many independent schools with sixth forms are in Newcastle?
What is the largest co-ed independent school?
What is the largest general further education college in the North East?
What religion is St. Mary's Comprehensive School?
How many universities does Newcastle have?
What is the name of the university in Newcastle?
What award did the University of Southampton win in 2000?
What was the UK-wide process in which Northumbria University became the University of Northumbria at Newcastle?
What is the other university in Newcastle?
How many cathedrals does Newcastle have?
When was the lantern tower at the Anglican St. Nicholas built?
What type of cathedral is located in Fenham?
Who is the only parish church in the Church of England without a parish?
What did the three cathedrals begin as?
What is the oldest church in Southampton?
When was the main porch added to the church?
What was the last addition to the church?
What is the last remnant of the old town to retain its original character?
What received a battering during the Siege of Newcastle?
Where was ITV Tyne Tees based for over 40 years?
Where did the BBC move to in 2005?
What gave its name to the 1980s music television programme The Tube?
Why is the BBC North East and Cumbria building known as the Pink Palace?
What is the name of Newcastle's local radio station?
What was the name of the first full-time community radio station in the area?
What is the name of the radio station run by students from both of Newcastle's universities?
How long has Radio Tyneside been the voluntary hospital radio service?
What radio station is based at the Great North Children's Hospital?
Where does Newcastle Student Radio broadcast from?
When did Charles Avison die?
What was Basil Hume's title?
Who was the father of the modern steam railways?
What did Sir Charles Parsons invent?
What country was Abhisit Vejjajiva the Prime Minister of?
Hank Marvin and Bruce Welch were both former pupils of what school?
What is Michael Carrick's profession?
What award did physicist Peter Higgs win?
What is the most characteristic musical instrument in the region?
Where did Eric Burdon, Sting, Mark Knopfler, Alan Hull, Cheryl Cole and Neil Tennant live?
Where is the V&A located?
How many objects are in the Victoria and Albert Museum's permanent collection?
When was the Royal Institute of British Architects founded?
What was the name of the Royal Institute of British Architects?
Where is the V&A located?
When was the Royal Institute of British Architects founded?
Who was the Royal Institute named after?
Who sponsors the museum?
When did entrance to the British Museum become free?
How many acres does the V&A cover?
How many galleries does the V&A have?
How many years of art does the British Museum's collection span?
What cultures are represented in the collection of the British Museum?
What type of sculpture does the British Museum own the world's largest collection of?
What was the origin of the V&A?
Who was the first director of the V&A?
What was the original name of the V&A?
Where was the Museum of Manufactures moved to in 1852?
Who created a design for the museum in 1855?
Who opened the Royal Institute in 1857?
When did Queen Victoria open the Royal Institute?
Who was the first Keeper of Fine Art Collection?
What was made possible by the use of gas lighting?
When did the Royal College of Art achieve full independence?
When was the Britain Can Make It exhibition held?
How many people visited the Britain Can Make It exhibition?
What did the success of the exhibition lead to the planning of?
What did the success of the exhibition lead to the planning of?
By what year had most of the collections been returned to the museum?
What did the V&A present in 1973?
What band presented a concert and lecture at the V&A?
Who was the director of the British Museum at the time?
What type of music did Gryphon explore?
The V&A is in discussion with the University of what city?
How much was the most expensive gallery project in Scotland estimated to cost in 2015?
Where will the V&A Dundee be located?
What is the focus of the V&A Dundee?
How long does it take for the new airport to open?
What was the name of the house that occupied the land?
What was the name of the first building to be erected that still forms part of the museum?
Who was the architect of the Palace of Westminster?
What building was built in 1862?
What does the Secretariat Wing house?
What were the additional galleries to the east of the Great Hall called?
What style was adopted for the north façade of the museum?
Who designed the bronze doors on the north façade of the museum?
Who was the astronomer depicted on the north façade of the museum?
Who was responsible for the painting on the north façade?
Who created the Green Dining Room?
Who created the stained-glass windows in the church?
Who designed the Centre Refreshment Room?
Who designed and sculpted the marble fireplace in the Centre Refreshment Room?
Who designed the Grill Room?
Who was the next architect to work at the museum?
What school was the Henry Cole Wing also known as?
What is the staircase made of?
What does the Royal Institute of British Architects' Drawings and Archives Collection house?
When did the Sackler Centre for arts education open?
What was used to decorate the east side of the building?
Who designed the wrought iron gates in 1885?
Where are the Cast Courts located?
What was the final part of the museum designed by Scott?
Who designed the mosaic panels in the parapet?
Who designed the main façade of the Victoria and Albert Museum?
What was the main façade of the British Museum built from?
How long is the main façade of the Victoria and Albert Museum?
What is on the crown of the tower above the main entrance?
What row of windows are interspersed with statues of many of the British artists whose work is displayed in the museum?
Who sculpted the frame around the arches and entrance?
How many levels of galleries do the façades surround?
Who sculpted the frame around the arches and entrance?
What material is used in the interior of the cathedral?
Who appears above the frame around the arches and entrance?
Where was the first storage space for books created?
What is the name of the wing that was acquired from the Royal College of Science in 1974?
What was constructed on the site of the former boiler house to link the Spiral to the rest of the museum?
Who designed the iron gates at the Royal College of Art?
What was the name of the building that was built on the site of the former boiler house?
What gallery was redesigned in the 1990s?
What was restored in the sculpture gallery as part of the 2006 renovation?
What is the name of the major redesign of all the galleries in the museum?
The tunnel to the subway leads to what tube station?
Who designed the new Cafe?
Who redesigned the central garden?
What was the name of the central garden that was redesigned by Kim Wilkie?
What is the shape of the water feature?
What can the elliptical water feature be used for?
What tree is planted in the two corners by the north façade?
In what year did the V&A open the first permanent gallery in the UK covering the history of architecture?
Along with the V&A, what organization opened the first permanent gallery in the UK covering the history of architecture?
How many drawings are in the collection?
What collection was transferred to the V&A with the opening of the new gallery?
How many photographs are in the collection?
Whose drawings are the largest in the world?
Sir Edwin Lutyens, Sir Edwin Lutyens, and Sir Edwin Lutyens are examples of British architects whose drawings are in the collection?
How many drawings by Andrea Palladio are held by the RIBA?
Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are in the collection?
Who is one of the British architects whose drawings are in the collection?
Where was Sir Paul Pindar's house located?
What is the facade of Sir Paul Pindar's house a rare survivor of?
When was Sir Paul Pindar's house built?
What chateau has a dormer window dated 1523-35?
What building has a column in the main architecture gallery?
How many items from the Islamic world does the V&A hold?
When did the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art open?
What is the highlight of the Jameel Gallery of Islamic Art?
Along with North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and Afghanistan, what country's objects are displayed in this gallery?
When was the Salting Bequest?
How many objects are in the Museum's South and South-East Asian art collection?
How many textiles are in the Museum's collection of South and South-East Asian art?
How many paintings are in the Museum's collection of South and South-East Asian art?
When did the Jawaharlal Nehru gallery of Indian art open?
What is the name of the Indian art gallery in New Delhi?
How many works of art are in the Far Eastern collections?
What countries make up the Far Eastern collections?
What is the name of the Chinese art gallery that opened in 1991?
When did the T. T. Tsui Gallery of Chinese art open?
What dynasties do the majority of art works on display date from?
What gallery of Japanese art opened in December 1986?
When did the Toshiba gallery of Japanese art open?
What century was the sculpture of Amida Nyorai?
When do the majority of the exhibits at the Museum of African Art date from?
What material was Suzuki Chokichi's incense burner?
When was Tibetan art created?
Along with Thailand, Burma, Cambodia and Indonesia, what country has art at the British Museum?
What type of sculptures reflect the influence of India?
What are Korean boxes inlaid with?
Along with gold, silver, bronze, terracotta, stone and terracotta, what type of art is displayed in the museum?
Who created the Codex Forster?
What are the names of the three manuscripts in the Codex?
How many books did the Reverend Alexander Dyce leave to the museum in 1869?
In what year did the Reverend Alexander Dyce leave over 14,000 books to the museum?
In what year did John Forster leave the museum with over 18,000 books?
Along with Beatrix Potter, who is a notable writer whose papers are in the library?
Along with Charles Dickens, who is one writer whose papers are in the library?
What centuries do the illuminated manuscripts in the library date from?
What is the Armagnac manuscript about?
Who illuminated the 1524 Charter?
What is another name for the National Art Library?
What cataloging system was used from the 1980s to the 1990s?
What does EAD stand for?
What type of items do most of the items in the Victoria and Albert Museum's collection not show up in the computer system?
What is the name of the feature on the Victoria and Albert Museum web-site?
When did a large scale digitization project begin?
What was the name of the project to digitize Andy Warhol's collection?
Who did the Factory Project reference?
How many images were taken during the first year of the Factory Project?
What is the second step of the Factory Project?
Who purchased or commissioned work from European artists?
porcelain, cloth, and wallpaper were imported from where?
Whose work is on display in the galleries?
Who was a major influence on the Gothic Revival?
What imports from Asia are on display at the British Museum?
What led to the production of tea paraphernalia?
In the Georgian age, what was the emphasis on?
Who led the backlash against industrialization?
What led to entrepreneurs such as Josiah Wedgwood, Matthew Boulton and Eleanor Coade?
What movement was led by John Ruskin?
What is the name of the column that dominated one of the rooms in the basilica?
How was the replica of Trajan's Column made to fit under the ceiling?
What is the name of Michelangelo's work of art?
What are the plaster casts of in the Cast Courts?
How is the Verrocchio David displayed?
When was the Meissen Vulture created?
Who designed the Möllendorff Dinner Service?
When was the Möllendorff Dinner Service designed?
When was the Salting Bequest made?
What did the Salting Bequest enrich the museum's stock of?
What famous potters are represented in the collection?
Where is there an extensive collection of Delftware produced?
What are the largest objects in the collection?
When were the largest objects in the collection made?
Where were the largest ceramic stoves in the collection made?
How many years of glass making does the glass collection cover?
How many items are in the glass collection?
Where did the earliest glassware on display come from?
Who created glass in the Art Deco style?
Who created Art Nouveau glass?
When was the main gallery redesigned?
Who created the glass balustrade on the staircase and mezzanine?
When did the contemporary glass gallery open?
Who designed the chandelier in the rotunda at the Museum's main entrance?
What century was the Luck of Edenhall made?
How many drawings are in the collection?
How many old master works are in the collection?
Who is one of the artists whose work is included in the collection?
Who is one of the artists whose work is included in the collection?
Who is one of the artists that is included in the collection of drawings at the British Museum?
How many outfits are in the costume collection?
Where are costume sketches typically held?
Why is the collection dominated by fashionable clothes made for special occasions?
When did the V&A receive the Talbot Hughes collection?
Who gave the V&A the Talbot Hughes collection?
When did the Museum acquire the Costiff collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood costumes?
Whose costumes did the Museum acquire in 2002?
How many Vivienne Westwood costumes were in the Costiff collection?
Whose collection of 178 Vivienne Westwood costumes did the Museum acquire in 2002?
What type of fashion does the museum continue to acquire?
What type of objects were in the Soulages collection?
When was the Soulages collection of Italian and French Renaissance objects acquired?
What was the John Jones Collection of?
When was the John Jones Collection left to the museum?
What was the value of the John Jones Collection in 1882?
When were the doors in the Antwerp City Hall attributed to Hans Vredeman de Vries?
Who are the inlaid doors in Antwerp City Hall attributed to?
When is the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet dated?
Where did the Rococo Augustus Rex Bureau Cabinet come from?
Along with Le Corbusier and Marcel Breuer, what modernists are represented in the collection?
How many pieces of jewellery are in the Egyptian Museum's jewellery collection?
From what time period does the jewellery collection at the British Museum date back to?
When was Chauncy Hare Townshend's collection of 154 gems bequeathed?
How many gems did Reverend Chauncy Hare Townshend leave in 1869?
Who funded the new jewellery gallery?
What are the two divisions of the collection?
When was the earliest known piece of English silver with a dated hallmark?
How many areas are in the main silver gallery?
Who designed the Hereford Screen?
How many objects are made from silver or gold in the collection?
When is the Gloucester Candlestick dated?
What is the Gloucester Candlestick made from?
Whose relics are in the Becket Casket?
When is the Becket Casket dated?
What was the Becket Casket made of?
How many names were on the online petition?
Who said that the Horniman Museum would be able to lend material to other institutions to ensure that the collection remained viewable?
Who was a possible candidate for loans of material to ensure that the instruments remained publicly viewable?
How many instruments does the Horniman have on loan from the V&A?
When did the Musical Instruments gallery close?
How many British oil paintings are in the British Museum's collection?
How many European oil paintings are in the British collection?
How many British watercolours, pastels and 2000 miniatures are in the British Museum's collection?
Who is known for the Raphael Cartoons?
Who painted the retable of St. George?
When did John Sheepshanks donate 233 paintings to the museum?
How many paintings did John Sheepshanks donate in 1857?
What did John Sheepshanks hope to do with the paintings and drawings he donated?
What was the name of the 1821 full size oil sketch for?
What was the nationality of the artists represented in the 233 paintings donated by John Sheepshanks?
Where are the paintings and miniatures that were part of the Jones bequest displayed?
Who did François Boucher paint a portrait of in 1758?
What is an example of a French painting that was part of the Jones bequest?
What is the name of the portrait by François Clouet, Gaspard Dughet?
Who took the photographs of Animal Locomotion?
In what year did Eadweard Muybridge create Animal Locomotion?
How many plates did Eadweard Muybridge's Animal Locomotion consist of?
What do the sequences of photographs taken a fraction of a second apart capture images of?
Whose works are held in the museum?
What type of sculpture is held at the V&A?
How many objects are in the collection?
What period does the collection cover?
What types of uses of sculpture are represented?
Who owns Canova's The Three Graces?
Who is Michelangelo represented by a freehand sculpture?
What is the largest item from Italy?
Who designed the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence?
When was the Chancel Chapel from Santa Chiara Florence built?
How many of Rodin's works are in the museum collection?
Who is Rodin?
When did Rodin give his work to the museum?
What war did Britain support France in?
What statue was purchased by public subscription in 1902?
What is the name of the sculptor whose work is in the collection?
Who was a notable British sculptor who was based in Britain?
Who is one of the sculptors whose work is in the collection?
Who are some of the sculptors in the collection?
Who opened the sculpture galleries in 2006?
What year did the Dorothy and Michael Hintze sculpture galleries open?
How are the galleries in the garden arranged?
What two artists were loaned to the Tate Britain to extend the chronology of the works on display?
Along with Henry Moore and Jacob Epstein, what museum loaned works to the Victoria and Albert Museum?
How many examples of textiles are in the collection?
What continents are represented in the collection of textiles?
How long has the collection of textiles at the British Museum been around?
What is the main focus of the collection of textiles at the British Museum?
How are ceramics classified?
What is the oldest known surviving European tapestry?
In what century were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven?
Where were the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries woven?
What do the Devonshire Hunting Tapestries depict?
What was the leading English tapestry manufactory in the late 17th century and early 18th century?
When was the Sicilian Tristan Quilt made?
Who designed the 'The Forest' tapestry?
What year was the 'The Forest' tapestry created?
Who designed the rugs and fabrics in the art deco period?
Who designed a rug from the same period?
What was the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries formerly known as?
When did the V&A Theatre & Performance galleries open?
What does the Royal Institute hold the UK's biggest national collection of?
Whose work is the UK's biggest national collection of material about live performance since his day?
What are the collections of the V&A available for?
Who is responsible for the long-term preservation of the collections?
What are two things that a museum can control?
What type of conservation includes cleaning and reintegration to strengthen fragile objects?
Along with the V&A, what other museum has collections under conservation?
What type of conservation includes surveys, assessments and providing advice on the handling of items?
What company owns the Disney Media Networks division?
When was ABC first stylized in its logo?
Where is NBCUniversal's headquarters located?
Where is NBCUniversal's headquarters located?
What division of The Walt Disney Company owns the Disney-ABC Television Group?
When did ABC launch?
What was ABC's original purpose?
In what year did Turner Broadcasting begin broadcasting on television?
What cable sports channel did NBC purchase an 80% interest in in the 1980s?
What company did ESPN merge with in the 1980s?
How many affiliated television stations are there in the United States?
Who purchased ABC Radio properties in 2007?
How many owned-and-operated television stations does TCM have?
Who imposes simultaneous substitution regulations?
Who purchased ABC Radio properties in 2007?
What company owned NBC?
What were the names of the two radio networks owned by RCA?
What markets did NBC Red serve?
What type of programming did the NBC Blue Network test?
What was the name of the NBC radio network that was owned by RCA?
Who filed a complaint with the FCC in 1934?
When did the FCC begin investigations into the practices of radio networks?
When did the FCC publish its report on the broadcasting of network radio programs?
What was the principal radio network in the United States at the time?
Along with NBC Red, what channel did the report recommend RCA give up control of?
Who did RCA give the mandate to sell NBC Blue to?
What network did RCA convert into an independent subsidiary?
What investment firm was later acquired by the Swiss Bank Corporation?
Who was the president of RCA at the time?
How much did Dillon, Read & Co. offer to purchase RCA?
What candy did Edward John Noble own?
When did the Commission authorize the transaction?
Who did Noble acquire the rights to the "American Broadcasting Company" name from?
What position did Woods hold at ABC until December 1949?
When did Woods leave ABC?
What did ABC use to pre-record its programming?
Who conducted symphony performances on ABC?
What network became an aggressive competitor to NBC and CBS?
Who was one of the big names that ABC was able to attract with the Magnetophon?
What was NBC Blue's tradition?
How much did Disney sell its 33% stake in Eurosport?
What was the name of ABC's free-to-air channel in the United Kingdom?
When did Disney announce it would discontinue ABC1?
What was ABC's attempt to develop after ABC1's shutdown?
Where is ABC broadcast?
In what year was the syndication of ABC programs completed?
What ended the need for ABC to hold interests in other countries?
What countries did ABC sell its interests in in the 1970s?
What did many governments want to strengthen?
What was ABC's first international activity?
Where did Goldenson invest in broadcasting properties in the mid-1960s?
What was the name of the Japanese television network Goldenson bought a 5% stake in in 1951?
What was one of the reasons CBS and NBC were unable to broadcast the coronation live?
What was one of the reasons CBS and NBC were unable to broadcast the coronation live?
What series of television specials has ABC owned the television rights to since 2000?
Along with the Academy Awards, what other award does ABC broadcast?
When did CBS first broadcast a Peanuts special?
ABC currently holds the broadcast rights to what award show?
Along with Charlie Brown and A Charlie Brown Thanksgiving, what is the other Peanuts special broadcast by ABC?
Since what year has ABC aired Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve on New Year's Eve?
Who hosts Dick Clark's New Year's Rockin' Eve?
When did ABC first air the Miss America pageant?
Where was Clark's traditional countdown from?
Who assumed the television rights to the Miss America pageant in 2006?
What is the longest running entertainment program on ABC?
When did ABC begin broadcasting Good Morning America?
What Procter & Gamble-produced soap was canceled by CBS in 1975?
What are the two talk shows on ABC's daytime schedule?
When did the soap opera General Hospital begin airing on ABC?
What weekend event does ABC carry that is not broadcast by ESPN?
When did ESPN take over responsibilities for ABC's sports division?
When is sports programming available on NBC?
What league's games does ABC air on Sundays?
What two tournaments do ABC air highlight compilations for?
Who was ABC's vice-president of engineering?
What low-band VHF frequencies did ABC think would be requisitioned and reallocated for the U.S. Army?
In what year did ABC apply for television station licenses?
What channel did the applications request the stations to broadcast on?
How many television stations were there before the freeze?
How many competing networks did ABC have less coverage than?
What was ABC's third rival?
Which two networks did ABC have less coverage than?
Who forced United Paramount Theatres to become an independent entity?
What company did UPT separate from?
How many full-time affiliates did ABC have?
What network was rumored to be buying NBC in 1951?
Who gave Noble a loan to prevent ABC from going bankrupt?
Who was the president of UPT in 1951?
Who was the founder of CBS?
When was the tentative agreement approved by UPT's board of directors?
When did the FCC's Sixth Report and Order end its freeze on new station license applications?
When did the FCC approve UPT's purchase of ABC?
What was the name of the merged company?
Where was American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres, Inc. headquartered?
When did WJZ-TV sign on the air?
When did the FCC implement a freeze on new station applications?
Where would the transmitter for KECA-TV be constructed?
What was the name of the 20 acres of land that ABC wanted to convert in Hollywood?
When did ABC premiere The Flintstones?
What decade was marked by the rise of family oriented series on ABC?
Who created The Flintstones?
What decade was marked by the rise of family oriented series on ABC?
When did Walt Disney Productions purchase ABC's shares in the Disneyland theme park?
Who approached Walt Disney to produce color broadcasts of his anthology series?
When was ABC's television contract for Walt Disney Presents due to expire?
When did ABC resume its relationship with Disney?
What was the focus of ABC's web-based promotional campaign in 2000?
Who designed the network's identity in 2001-02?
What was the color of the network's logo in 2001-02?
What is another name for ABC's circle logo?
Who designed the ABC graphical identity in 1998?
In what year did ABC stop using four-note jingles?
What was the new four-note theme tune based on?
Where is the old four-note theme tune still used?
When did the ABC logo first appear as a on-screen bug?
When did the ABC logo begin to appear throughout programs?
When was the 40th anniversary of the network's founding?
What was the slogan for the 40th anniversary of the network's founding?
In what year was the "ABC Circle" logo first used?
What color was the bubble on the 1977 ABC ID?
What color were the letters on the 1977 ABC ID?
Who redesigned the ABC logo in 1962?
What typeface did Herbert Bayer design in the 1920s?
Who designed the Bauhaus typeface?
When did ABC's new logo debut on air?
What was Disney-ABC considering selling in 2005?
On what date did ABC announce its restructuring?
How many divisions were ABC's Entertainment Communications, Communications Resources, Kids Communications, Corporate Communications, and International Communications divided into?
In what year did ABC's average viewership decline by ten ratings points?
Along with Desperate Housewives, Lost and Dancing with the Stars, what ABC series was a success in the 2004-05 season?
Who was named president of ABC parent Disney-ABC Television Group?
Who did ABC Sports and ESPN sign an eight-year broadcast rights agreement with?
In what year was a two-year affiliate agreement approved?
Who was Disney's Chairman/CEO?
What was the name of ABC's first reality show?
What was the name of the spinoff of The Bachelor?
Who removed ABC owned and operated stations from their systems?
Who did Time Warner Cable have a carriage dispute with?
Who did Time Warner Cable have a carriage dispute with?
When did Time Warner Cable restore the stations?
In what year did ABC begin airing My Wife and Kids?
Where did Sabrina, the Teenage Witch move to in 2000?
Where did TGIF lose Family Matters and Step by Step?
When did Who Wants to Be a Millionaire premiere?
Who hosted Millionaire on ABC?
Who relaunched Millionaire as a syndicated show in 2002?
Who was the original host of Millionaire?
When did The Walt Disney Company announce a merger with Capital Cities/ABC?
What did Disney rename its new subsidiary after the sale of Capital Cities/ABC?
Who bought ABC's Capital Cities newspapers from Disney?
Who took Thomas S. Murphy's place as president and CEO of ABC after the merger?
What sitcom was created by Aaron Sorkin?
When did color become the dominant format for broadcast television networks?
What was ABC's position in the Nielsen ratings?
What book did Goldenson write in 1991?
When did ABC's New York City flagship stations change their callsigns to WABC, WABC-FM and WABC-TV?
Where did ABC's New York City flagship stations move to on May 1, 1953?
What city was WJZ reassigned to in 1959?
Who did Noble appoint to be ABC's president in 1950?
What network did UPT merge with in 1954?
What was the name of the network that would have been created as a result of the merger?
How much money did DuMont receive as a result of the merger?
What company was UPT a subsidiary of?
Which of ABC's flagship productions was based on a radio program?
What was the longest running prime time comedy in U.S. television history?
What was the name of the television adaptation of the 1947 film Wyoming Kid?
What was the name of the remake of the 1954 film The Boy from Oklahoma?
Who was the most iconic of ABC's relationships with Hollywood producers?
What was the name of the ABC television series in which Warner Bros. tried to adapt some of its most successful films?
Who was Walt Disney's brother?
How much did Walt Disney want ABC to invest?
When did ABC agree to finance Disneyland in exchange for the right to broadcast a new Sunday night program?
What project did Walt Disney and his brother Roy want ABC to finance?
Who spearheaded ABC Radio's special programming project for its FM stations?
Who was the president of ABC Radio in 1968?
What concept replaced nearly all of the programming provided by ABC's FM stations?
How many FM stations did ABC own and operate in 1968?
In what year did ABC launch the Movie of the Week?
What was the name of Steven Spielberg's 1971 film?
When was Steven Spielberg's film Duel released?
What was the average budget for a movie on Movie of the Week?
When did ABC complete its transition to color?
What network completed its transition to color in the early 1970s?
What did NBC use to determine what types of sponsors to sell advertising slots to?
What was the name of ABC's prime time program in 1970?
When did Monday Night Football stop being the NFL's premier game of the week?
Where did Monday Night Football move to in 2006?
What was ABC's audience share on Monday Night Football?
When did the FCC pass the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
In what year did ABC decide to split the company into two separate companies?
What was the name of the company that produced and distributed programming for U.S. syndication?
What did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act ban?
When did the Public Health Cigarette Smoking Act take effect?
Who bought the Central West division of ABC Theatres in 1974?
Who was named President and Chief Operating Officer of ABC in 1972?
When did Eisner join ABC?
What was the name of the series that Eisner helped bring about ideas for?
What was Eisner's main credit at ABC?
What company did Eisner join after leaving ABC?
Who was the president of ABC Television in 1975?
Who was the first president and director of programming of ABC Entertainment?
What was the name of the ABC detective series that premiered in 1974?
When did Good Morning America debut?
What position did Silverman hold at NBC when he left ABC?
What was the name of the Happy Days spin-off that debuted in 1976?
Charlie's Angels and Three's Company were prime examples of a trend among the major networks during the 1970s known as what?
Who wrote 'Roots'?
Who produced The Love Boat?
How many seasons did The Love Boat last?
In what season did ABC take first place in the ratings for the first time?
What was the name of the first soap opera to feature an openly gay main character?
Who was named president of ABC News in 1977?
What was Roone Arledge's previous position?
What is the name of the building that was built on the site of an abandoned warehouse?
When were the two buildings completed?
When did Arledge create the newsmagazine 20/20?
Who was the first anchor of 20/20?
Who was Hugh Downs' former Today colleague?
Who bought ABC's recording division in 1979?
What was the name of ABC's 24-hour news channel?
What was the name of the 24-hour news channel ABC launched in July 2004?
What was the name of the Flint, Michigan affiliate of ABC?
What was the name of the ABC affiliate in Toledo, Ohio that was previously owned by SJL Broadcast Management?
What strike halted production of network programs for much of the 2007-08 season?
What was one of the network's strike-replacement programs?
Who started the rumors that Disney would be selling ABC stations?
Disney-ABC Television Group merged with ABC Studios into a new division called ABC Entertainment Group?
What was the name of the new division created by the merger of ABC Entertainment and ABC Studios?
What did Citadel Communications rebrand ABC Radio as?
Where can individual episodes of ABC and Disney Channel programs be purchased?
In what year did the network begin to run into trouble in the ratings?
In what year did Lost debut?
When was Ugly Betty moved to?
What day of the week was Ugly Betty originally shown?
When did the FCC impose fin-syn rules?
What was the name of the syndication distributor ABC created in 1970?
What was the name of ABC's production company?
Who bought the Ruby-Spears and Hanna-Barbera libraries in 1990?
Who handles domestic television distribution?
What was Disney-ABC Domestic Television formerly known as?
What was Disney-ABC International Television formerly known as?
What is the name of the library that is part of ABC's library?
What are two of ABC's affiliated stations?
How many owned-and-operated stations does ABC have?
How many television stations does ABC have affiliation agreements with?
What percentage of all households in the United States does HGTV reach?
When was ABC's first logo introduced?
What was the new ABC logo based on?
In what year did ABC begin color broadcasts?
In what year was Extreme Makeover: Home Edition cancelled?
What was the only remaining program broadcast in 4:3 standard definition after Supernanny was cancelled in 2011?
What format has all of ABC's programming been presented in since January 2012?
What was the first children's program block on any U.S. broadcast network to feature HD?
What is the native resolution format for The Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties?
What format does Hearst Television's 16 ABC-affiliated stations transmit their programming in?
How many of Hearst Television's affiliates carry ABC programming in 480i standard definition?
What is the native resolution format for The Walt Disney Company's U.S. television properties?
What was the only ABC drama to be renewed for a second season in 2010-11?
What was the only late-season premiere to earn a second season?
Who did ABC outrate for third place?
What was the name of the previous year's only drama renewal?
What soap operas did ABC cancel in 2011?
Who bought the rights to All My Children and One Life to Live?
Where did Prospect Park revive All My Children and One Life to Live?
What was the name of the talk show that replaced One Life to Live?
What demographic did ABC drop to fourth place in in the 2011-12 season?
In what year did NBC finish in first place in the 18-49 demographic?
What network was NBC second to in total viewership?
Along with The Goldbergs and Resurrection, what ABC show was renewed in the 2013-14 season?
What show was cancelled in the 2013-14 season?
What were the two family sitcoms that anchored the revamped Wednesday comedy lineup?
What reality show was Shark Tank based on?
When did Shark Tank become a midseason sleeper hit?
Who starred in Last Man Standing?
Who departed Capital Cities/ABC in February 1994?
Who took over as president after Daniel Burke left Capital Cities/ABC?
What was the name of the gritty police procedural from Steven Bochco?
Who created NYPD Blue?
How many seasons did NYPD Blue last?
When did the FCC repeal the Financial Interest and Syndication Rules?
What French animation studio did Capital Cities/ABC purchase?
Who did Capital Cities/ABC sign an agreement with to carry its owned and operated television stations?
What was ABC's total viewership share?
What Chicago radio station did ABC purchase in 1960?
When did WLS launch a new lineup of ABC Radio programming?
Who tried to establish a television station in Toronto in 1960?
Leonard Goldenson agreed to acquire a 25% interest in what Canadian television station?
What was the name of the anthology series ABC debuted on April 29, 1961?
Who created Wide World of Sports?
Who produced Wide World of Sports?
What was the name of the company that created Wide World of Sports?
What was the corporate entity of American Broadcasting-Paramount Theatres renamed as in 1965?
What was the name of the ABC show that reworked the blind date concept?
What was the name of the game played by three newly married couples?
Where was ABC's new headquarters located?
What percentage of prime-time television viewership did the three major networks represent in 1980?
What was the name of the opulent Aaron Spelling drama that debuted on ABC in 1981?
What was the name of the Happy Days spinoff?
What was the name of the cable channel ABC launched in 1981?
Who did ABC sell KXYZ to in 1983?
Whose shares in ESPN did ABC exercise its option to purchase?
What was the name of the competing arts service that ABC and Hearst merged with RCA?
What was the name of the single cable channel that ABC and Hearst merged ARTS and The Entertainment Channel into?
Who did Thomas S. Murphy delegate his position as president to in 1990?
What position did Thomas S. Murphy still hold at ABC?
How much did Capital Cities/ABC report in revenues?
What was the longest-running prime time entertainment program in the network's history?
What was the name of the sitcom that aired on NBC in 1991?
Along with The View and The Chew, what soap opera airs on Eastern/Pacific?
What are the names of the talk/lifestyle shows on Eastern/Pacific?
When is Good Morning America broadcast?
Who hosts Live! on Late Night?
What are the only states where ABC does not have a locally licensed affiliate?
What is the name of ABC's affiliate in Birmingham, Alabama?
What is the name of ABC's affiliate in South Bend, Indiana?
What is the name of ABC's low-power station in Lima, Ohio?
What was the name of the company that produced ABC's first television series?
What was Touchstone Television reorganized as in February 2007?
What was the original name of ABC's Hollywood production facility?
What is the name of ABC's main production facility in New York City?
What is the name of ABC's studio in Times Square?
What shows are broadcast from the Times Square Studios?
What was the ABC News building renamed to in 2006?
What was the name of Peter Jennings Way?
What is the name of ABC's traditional VOD service?
The Walt Disney Company is a part-owner of what streaming service?
When did Hulu begin offering full-length episodes of ABC's programming?
What percentage of Hulu did Disney acquire?
When are the most recent episodes of ABC's shows usually made available on WATCH ABC, Hulu, and ABC on Demand?
How many days after the initial broadcast can a viewer stream the most recent episode of an ABC program on Hulu?
What does ABC on Demand disallow?
When were restrictions implemented by Disney-ABC Television Group?
What design agency overhauled ABC's identity in 2013?
How many variants of the ABC logo are used in advertising?
What custom typeface was created for use in advertising and other promotional materials?
What network uses a red version of the ABC logo?
How many primary affiliates did ABC have that year?
How many CBS affiliates were there?
What act mandated the inclusion of UHF tuning?
What did the All-Channel Receiver Act mandate?
Where was WKST-TV located?
How much lower was the viewership of an hour of ABC programming than its competitors?
What was the name of the station in Wheeling, West Virginia that began airing ABC programming on a digital subchannel?
When did some very small markets have to wait to support a full-time ABC affiliate?
What was the new name of the Disneyland anthology series?
Who pitched The Untouchables to CBS?
Why did CBS reject The Untouchables?
When did The Untouchables debut on ABC?
What was the name of the movie shown on ABC on Sunday nights in 1962?
What was ABC's total revenue in 1953?
Who produced The Jetsons?
What was the name of the Hanna-Barbera animated series that debuted on September 23, 1962?
On what date did ABC premiere the soap opera General Hospital?
What company did Goldenson propose a merger with?
Who was the head antitrust regulator for the United States Department of Justice?
Who was Donald F. Turner the head antitrust regulator for?
When was the merger canceled?
What company did Thomas S. Murphy work for?
How much did Capital Cities pay for ABC?
Who loaned the remaining $500 million?
Who bought WXYZ-TV and Tampa independent station WFTS-TV?
How many television stations were broadcasters allowed to own in 1985?
When did the merger between ABC and Capital Cities receive federal approval?
What was the combined company called after the ABC/Capital Cities merger?
What was Frederick S. Pierce's title?
Who became vice president of ABC Broadcasting and president of ABC Owned Stations and ABC Video Enterprises?
Who became president of ABC News and ABC Sports?
What show ended its run in 1983?
What ABC show ended its run in 1984?
Who regained the ratings lead among the Big Three networks in 1984?
What ABC show ended its run in 1986?
What type of shows did ABC refocus on in the mid-1980s?
What was the name of ABC's family-friendly comedies block?
What does TGIF stand for?
Who produced many of the series featured during the run of TGIF?
What company was Miller-Boyett Productions a part of?
How many radio stations were broadcasting companies allowed to own in 1968?
What was the name of ABC Pictures' first film?
Who directed ABC Pictures' first film?
When was ABC Motion Pictures dissolved?
Where was ABC Marine World located?
What type of programming did ABC offer that met the expectations of the public?
How much did NBC's advertising revenues increase between 1953 and 1958?
How much of the U.S. population did ABC reach?
Who was the president of ABC Entertainment in 1957?
Who was the host of American Bandstand?
What was ABC's philosophy of programming against its competitors?
What action series did ABC air in 1957?
Who criticized the public enthusiasm and sponsorship for these types of shows?
What type of show did ABC's western series beat in 1959?
What is the name of ABC's streaming service?
What were the first stations to offer streams of their programming on the service?
Who also reached a deal to offer streams of its ABC affiliates on the service?
What is the name of ESPN's streaming service?
What is the largest operator of ABC stations by numerical total?
What is the largest ABC subchannel affiliate by market size?
Who is the largest operator of ABC stations in terms of market reach?
How many ABC affiliates does Sinclair Broadcast Group own or provide services to?
How many ABC stations does the Scripps Company own?
What was the name of ABC's new imaging campaign for the 2007-08 season?
Who developed ABC's on-air design?
What division of ABC did red ribbons represent?
What division of ABC used blue ribbons?
What are the names of the two affiliates in Tampa?
What are the names of the affiliates in Kansas City, Missouri?
What are the names of the WFTS-TV affiliates in Grand Rapids, Michigan?
What was WWSB's primary ABC affiliate prior to 1994?
What empire did Genghis Khan found?
How did he come to power?
Where did the massacres of civilians take place?
What did the Mongol Empire occupy by the end of his life?
What dynasties did the Qara Khitai raid?
Who was Genghis Khan's successor?
When did Xiaoping die?
Who did Qin Xia defeat in 1227?
Who did Genghis Khan split his empire into khanates among?
Where was he buried?
Where was Temüjin born?
What was the name of the Khamag Mongol's father?
When was Temüjin probably born?
Who was Temüjin named after?
What was Temüjin's sister's name?
What were the names of Temüjin's brothers?
What was the name of his future wife?
What tribe was Börte a member of?
Who was the head of the new household?
Who was Temujin's older half-brother?
Whose children lived in poverty for several years?
Who killed Begter?
When did Temujin's resentment erupt?
Who held Nasser prisoner in 1177?
How did the Tayichi'ud enslave Temüjin?
Whose father later became a general of Genghis Khan?
Who were two of Genghis Khan's future generals?
Where did Temüjin escape from the ger?
What was often used to solidify temporary alliances?
Who taught Temüjin many lessons about the unstable political climate of Mongolia?
Who interfered with the political climate of Mongolia?
What did Temüjin's mother teach him about the political climate of Mongolia?
What tribe did Börte belong to?
Who kidnapped Börte after her marriage to Temüjin?
Who was Temüjin's future rival?
What was the name of the son that Queen Victoria gave birth to?
When was Jochi born?
How many more sons did Börte have?
Which of Börte's sons died in 1241?
When did Chagatai die?
Who was Börte's third son?
How many daughters did Genghis Khan have?
What does anda mean?
Who was Temüjin's father's anda?
Who was Toghrul the Khan of?
How many Keraite warriors did Toghrul offer Temüjin?
Who was Toghrul's childhood friend?
What did Jamukha support?
Who declared that the Eternal Blue Sky had set aside the world for Temüjin?
When was Temüjin elected khan of the Mongols?
In what battle was Temüjin beaten?
Where was Toghrul exiled to?
What did Temüjin use as an incentive to follow his rule of law?
What did Temüjin promise civilians and soldiers in the Yassa code?
What did Napoleon's mother adopt from the conquered tribe?
What did he do with the conquered tribe?
Who was the eldest son of Temüjin?
Who did Toghrul ally himself with?
Who did Toghrul ally himself with?
What tribe was dissolved after the defeat of the Keraite?
Who was the next direct threat to Temüjin?
When was Jamukha elected as Gür Khan?
What does Gür Khan mean?
Who was Jelme's younger brother?
When was Jamukha turned over to Temüjin?
What did Temüjin offer to Jamukha?
Why did Temüjin kill the men who betrayed Jamukha?
What did Jamukha ask for?
How is it possible to die without spilling blood?
Who did Napoleon learn siege warfare from?
Who was one of Qing's early allies?
Who was the most important shaman?
What was one of Nasser's military strategies?
Who was Qing's father's ally?
By what year had Temüjin managed to unite or subdue the Merkits?
At what council was Temüjin acknowledged as "Khan" of the consolidated tribes?
What title was not conferred on Genghis until after his death?
Who was Genghis' son and successor?
What was a Khuruldai?
What dynasty did Genghis Khan plan to conquer in 1211?
Who was the Jin commander's messenger to the Mongols?
In what year did Genghis capture the Jin capital of Zhongdu?
Where did Emperor Xuanzong move his capital to?
Who was Genghis' third son?
Who was the Khan of the Naiman confederation that Temüjin defeated and folded into his Mongol Empire?
What was the Western Liao originally established as remnants of?
How many tumen did Genghis send against Kuchlug?
Who was "The Arrow"?
What was Jebe's nickname?
What did the Mongols do to Kuchlug's supporters?
Where was Kuchlug's army defeated?
Where did the Mongol Empire extend as far west as?
What is another name for Khwarezmia?
What was Khwarezmia?
Who ruled the Khwarazmian dynasty in the early 13th century?
Who was the governor of Otrar?
Who was beheaded by the Shah?
How many soldiers did Genghis Khan organize?
What road did Genghis Khan use to trade with Khwarezmia?
What mountains did Genghis Khan's army cross?
How many groups was Genghis Khan's army divided into?
What part of Khwarzemia did the second division march to?
Who led the third division under Genghis Khan?
What city did the second division attack with a pincer attack?
What was decisive in Khwarezmia's defeats?
What town was seized by the Mongols?
What did Genghis Khan pour into Inalchuq's ears and eyes?
What did the Shah do after the battle?
Who did Genghis Khan order to hunt him down?
What was the capital of the Khwarezmid Empire?
Where was the capital moved to after Samarkand fell?
What did Genghis Khan divert through the Khwarezmid emperor's birthplace?
What did the Mongols use as body shields?
What did Genghis do to his surrender terms?
What was raised as a symbol of victory for the people of Samarkand?
What did the city leaders do to the Mongols?
Who held the city's citadel for another twelve days?
Who were sent back to Mongolia?
What did Genghis Khan declare that he was?
Who was drafted into the Mongolian army?
When was the Khwarezmian Empire defeated?
Who suggested that the Mongol army be split into two forces?
Where did the Mongols overwintered?
Where did Subutai's forces defeat the larger Kievan force?
Who led the Kievan Rus troops?
Who was the grandson of Genghis Khan?
What group did Genghis Khan's grandson Batu lead?
Who led the famous cavalry expedition?
When did both divisions return to Mongolia?
Where did Jebe die?
When did Genghis Khan begin a retaliatory attack on the Tanguts?
When did Xiliang-fu fall?
Who did one of the Tangut generals challenge to a battle near Helan Mountains?
What river did Genghis cross to defeat the Tangut relief army?
What did Genghis Khan see?
What was the name of the Tangut capital?
Who was the Tangut general at Deshun?
What was the cause of Ma Jianlong's death?
Where did Genghis Khan go after conquering Deshun?
What did Genghis Khan do to the entire imperial family?
What was the name of Genghis' oldest son?
Who voiced most strongly the issue over Jochi's paternity?
When did Genghis Khan invade the Khwarezmid Empire?
Who was appointed as successor?
Who were Genghis Khan's sons?
Which of Genghis Khan's sons did he worry would be in conflict if he died?
Who was Genghis Khan's youngest son?
Who did Genghis Khan give the throne to?
When did Jochi die?
Where did Jochi live?
Juzjani suggests that the disagreement arose from a quarrel between Jochi and his brothers in what siege?
Who did Ibn Sina make an alliance with?
Why is the story of Genghis Khan poisoning his son questionable?
What was the capital of Western Xia?
What type of wounds did Qianlong suffer?
What type of wound did Marco Polo say he died from?
What was Yinchuan the capital of?
Who invented the legend that the princess hid a small dagger and stabbed the emperor?
How did Genghis Khan want to be buried?
Where was Alexander the Great's birthplace?
What river is believed to be close to the burial place of Alexander the Great?
What is the name of the Mausoleum built after Genghis Khan's death?
What is the Mongolian name for Lord's Enclosure?
What Buddhist monastery did the Qing dynasty take the Qing dynasty to?
Where was the famous Tibetan monastery located?
When were Genghis Khan's bier and relics returned to Mongolia?
Who destroyed almost everything of value during the Cultural Revolution?
When did a joint Japanese-Mongolian archaeological dig uncovered what is believed to be Genghis Khan's palace?
Folklore says that what was diverted over his grave to make it impossible to find?
Which two Sumerian kings were buried in the same manner?
What animal stampeded over the grave of Avicenna?
Who created the Yassa?
What code governed the Mongol Empire?
What was the Mongol Empire's administrative approach grounded in?
Who was the exception to the rule of the Ottoman Empire?
Who was one of the Khans of the Mongol Empire?
What was granted to religious figures?
Who was Genghis Khan's mentor?
Why did the Mongols practice religious tolerance?
What religions were the Mongol tribes?
Who was briefly in charge of the Mongol Empire when the next male Khagan was being chosen?
What did modern scholars refer to the alleged policy of encouraging trade and communication as?
What is one sedentary people that there is no evidence of the lifting of discriminatory policies towards?
What did Genghis Khan want to establish under the Great Yassa?
What Khitan prince did Genghis Khan invite to the banquet?
Why couldn't Mongol administrators be found among his people?
Who did Chu'Tsai work for?
Who was Chu'Tsai a lineal descendant of?
Who did Genghis Khan put absolute trust in?
Where was the capital of the Mongol Empire?
Who was one of Genghis Khan's generals?
Who were allowed to pursue the Great Raid into the Caucasus and Kievan Rus?
What did Genghis Khan expect from his generals?
What did the Mongols divert to cut off resources for cities and towns?
Who did the Mongols use as siege engines and engineers?
What was a standard tactic of the Mongol military?
How did the Mongols take enemy prisoners?
The Mongol Empire stretched from the Caspian Sea to what sea?
Where did the Mongol Empire stretch to at the time of Stalin's death?
Who was Genghis's successor?
When did the Mongols gain control of all of China?
What is Genghis Khan credited with bringing under one cohesive political environment?
Where is Genghis Khan looked on as a great military leader?
What was Genghis Khan's attitude towards religion?
What happened to communication and trade between the West, Middle East, and Asia?
When did the memory of Genghis Khan with the Mongolian national identity have a powerful revival?
What is the role of the emperor to the Mongolians?
What do Mongolians call themselves?
What is a chasm in the perception of Avicenna?
What do Mongolians believe about the historical records written by non-Mongolians?
What is the Mongolian word for 20,000?
Whose name and likeness are endorsed on products in Mongolia?
What is the name of Mongolia's main international airport?
Why have there been repeated discussions about regulating the use of Eisenhower's name and image?
Where is Mongolia's main international airport?
What was the name of the first written Mongolian law?
What did the Ikh Zasag law punish?
Who was the president of Mongolia during Genghis Khan's time?
What is the name of the Mongolian script that was introduced by the Mongols?
Where is there a monument to Genghis Khan?
How many Mongols live in Inner Mongolia?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
What dynasty did Kublai Khan establish?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
In what country was Genghis Khan a genocidal warlord?
How much of the Iranian Plateau's population did the Mongols kill?
How many people lived on the Iranian Plateau?
Who destroyed much of Iran's northern part?
Who halted Hulagu Khan's forces?
Who was Hulagu Khan's descendant?
When did Batu Khan invade Kievan Rus?
What were the two exceptions to the Mongol invasion of Eastern Europe?
Who were proud descendants of Genghis Khan?
Which Mughal emperor was particularly proud of Genghis Khan?
Along with Bukhara and Damascus, what city was targeted by the Mongols?
What is the Mongolian and Turkic word for "ocean"?
What lake was called tenggis by the Mongols?
What does Zhèng mean?
What is the Chinese word for "Jenggis"?
What 13th century Mongolian pronunciation would have closely matched?
What is the Mongolian name for Genghis Khan?
What is the Turkic name for Genghis Khan?
What is the pinyin for Temüjin?
What are the different ways that Genghis Khan is spelled in English?
What is the pinyin for Genghis Khan?
Where is the word pharmacy derived from?
What did the retail shop sell in addition to medicines?
What do the original Greek roots from pharmakos imply?
What would the term apothecary be seen as in English today?
What did the pharmas also use?
What are pharmacists?
What do pharmacists ensure for their patients through the quality use of medicines?
What do pharmacists play an important role in?
What is another term for a pharmacist who owns the pharmacy in which they practice?
What do pharmacists have?
Who supervises and manages a pharmacy technician in the UK?
Where does a pharmacy technician register as a professional?
What does the GPhC do?
What is a Pharmacy Technician considered in the UK?
What is the role of a PhT in the UK?
What is Pedanius Dioscorides famous for?
What Latin translation was used as a basis for many medieval texts?
What term was coined by the title of the book?
Who was one of several men studying the medicinal properties of plants in Ancient Greece?
Who built upon the Latin translation of De Materia Medica during the Islamic Golden Age?
What was the reputation of pharmacists in Japan during the Asuka and Nara periods?
Where was the place of pharmacists in society defined?
Where were ranked positions established?
What was the status of pharmacists in this highly stable hierarchy?
How was the pharmacist ranked in the Imperial household?
What advances in the Middle East led medicine in medieval Islam to develop pharmacology?
Who promoted the medical uses of chemical compounds?
Who pioneered the preparation of medicines by sublimation and distillation?
Whose contributions in the field are pioneering?
What two types of carbonates did von Neumann make a distinction between?
When did the Franciscan monastery open in Dubrovnik?
Where is the oldest perfumery believed to have been set up?
What does the Church of Santa Maria Novella house?
What does the Esteve Pharmacy keep?
When was the oldest perfumery set up?
What is the dispensary subject to in most countries?
Where did pharmacists once stay?
What are pharmacy technicians now more dependent upon?
What are pharmacy technicians now more dependent upon automation to assist them in their new role?
What requirements are specified in pharmacy legislation?
How do many pharmacists in hospitals gain more education and training after pharmacy school?
What do clinical pharmacists specialize in?
What is one of the reasons for the complexity of medications?
What type of pharmacists gain more education and training after pharmacy school through a pharmacy practice residency?
Where can hospital pharmacies often be found?
What are most hospital medications?
What have several hospital pharmacies decided to outsource?
Why is it imperative that hospital pharmacies perform at the highest level possible?
Why are hospital pharmacies better than community pharmacies?
What is the purpose of direct patient care?
Where did the clinical pharmacy movement begin?
Who do clinical pharmacists often collaborate with to improve pharmaceutical care?
What do pharmacists often participate in?
Where do clinical pharmacists care for patients?
What is the clinical pharmacist's role?
What does the review process often involve?
What are some of the things that are evaluated during the drug therapy review?
What must a pharmacist monitor for when designing and initiating a drug therapy plan?
What are ambulatory care pharmacists given in the U.S. federal health care system?
Where are pharmacists given collaborative prescriptive and diagnostic authority?
When did the board of Pharmaceutical Specialties approve ambulatory care pharmacy practice as a separate board certification?
What is the official designation for pharmacists who pass the ambulatory care pharmacy specialty certification exam?
Which three U.S. federal health care systems have ambulatory care pharmacists given full independent prescribing authority?
Consultant pharmacy practice focuses more on what?
Where do consultant pharmacists typically work?
What are the three largest pharmacy management companies in the US?
Why are consultant pharmacists beginning to work directly with patients?
What do some community pharmacies do?
When did internet pharmacies begin to grow?
What type of pharmacies are many of the online pharmacies operated by?
What are internet pharmacies also known as?
Why do some customers prefer to buy their drugs online instead of going to a community drugstore?
What is the primary difference between prescription and over-the-counter medications?
Why do many customers order drugs from online pharmacies?
Why has this practice been criticized?
What have some pharmacies been reported to do?
What do some Internet pharmacies do?
What do most Internet pharmacies do?
What is of particular concern with Internet pharmacies?
What is required for a prescription for a controlled substance to be valid in the United States?
What is of particular concern with Internet pharmacies?
What is required for a prescription for a controlled substance to be valid in the United States?
What is the responsibility of the filling pharmacy?
What defines a valid patient-doctor relationship?
What is an example of a controlled substance that can be obtained via the internet without a prescription?
Why is there a push to legalize importation of medications from Canada?
What country has the United States been trying to legalize the importation of medications from?
Who is FDA enforcement generally targeted at?
How many cases of U.S. citizens buying Canadian drugs for personal use with a prescription has there been?
What has the United States been trying to do in order to reduce consumer costs?
What is pharmacy informatics a combination of?
Where else can pharmacy informaticists work?
What is pharmacy informatics growing to meet the needs of?
What are pharmacists trained to participate in?
How is pharmacy informatics growing?
What type of pharmacies carry novel medications that need to be properly stored, administered, and clinically managed?
How many of the 28 newly FDA approved medications in 2013 were specialty drugs?
What are some chronic diseases that specialty pharmacies supply medications for?
What do specialty pharmacies carry?
What other services do specialty pharmacies provide?
How are pharmacists regulated in the United States?
Who can supply scheduled pharmaceuticals to the public?
Whose Code of Ethics states that physicians may dispense drugs within their office practices?
What percentage of American physicians practices reportedly dispense drugs on their own?
What can pharmacists not do?
What country has a similar law for general physicians?
Where are dispensing physicians allowed to both prescribe and dispense prescription-only medicines?
What is the minimum distance between a patient's home and the nearest retail pharmacy?
How far away is the nearest pharmacy in Austria?
What is the reason for the majority rule?
Why would a physician exaggerate the seriousness of a condition?
What is the system of checks and balances similar to?
What does a physician do in order to sell more medications?
What is the patient's interest?
What are pharmacists expected to do in the coming decades?
What are pharmacists expected to do instead of simply dispensing medication?
What does Medication Therapy Management include?
What do these services include?
What is the result of combining medication and patient education?
Which two Canadian provinces have limited prescribing rights?
Who pays pharmacists in Australia?
What is the government paying for the doctors to do?
What has had an evolving influence on the practice of pharmacy in the United States?
What degree is now required before entering practice?
What are the two symbols most commonly associated with pharmacy in English-speaking countries?
What was used until the early 20th century?
Where is the Bowl of Hygieia often used?
Where is the red stylized letter A found?
Where is the green Greek cross common?
What is the immune system?
What must an immune system detect to function properly?
What are some subsystems of the immune system?
The blood-brain barrier separates the peripheral immune system from what system?
What is the immune system?
What is the term for agents that the immune system must detect?
What are some subsystems of the immune system?
What does the immune system protect against?
What is the term for agents that the immune system must detect?
The blood-brain barrier separates the peripheral immune system from what system?
What separates the peripheral immune system from the neuroimmune system?
What is the term for agents that the immune system must detect?
What are some subsystems of the immune system?
What are two subsystems of the immune system?
The blood-brain barrier separates the peripheral immune system from what system?
How do pathogens avoid detection and neutralization by the immune system?
What does the immune system of bacteria consist of?
What type of organism evolved basic immune mechanisms?
What does acquired immunity do?
What type of infections do bacteria's immune system protect against?
What are antimicrobial peptides called?
What is the process of acquired immunity the basis of?
What creates immunological memory after an initial response to a specific pathogen?
What can disorders of the immune system result in?
When does immunodeficiency occur?
What does immunodeficiency result in?
What can cause immunodeficiency in humans?
Along with diabetes mellitus and Hashimoto's thyroiditis, what is a common autoimmune disease?
What occurs when the immune system is less active than normal?
What results from a hyperactive immune system attacking normal tissues as if they were foreign organisms?
What is the study of all aspects of the immune system?
What is an example of an acquired immunodeficiency?
When was the earliest known reference to immunity?
What venom did Pierre-Louis Moreau de Maupertuis experiment with?
Who exploited the observations of acquired immunity in his development of vaccination?
Who discovered the yellow fever virus?
Who was the founder of the Koch brothers?
What was confirmed as the cause of infectious disease?
What virus was discovered by Walter Reed?
When was the earliest known reference to immunity?
How is the improved response retained after the pathogen has been eliminated?
What provides an immediate, but non-specific response if a pathogen breaches these barriers?
What is the second layer of protection that vertebrates possess if pathogens successfully evade the innate response?
What is found in all plants and animals?
What is the second layer of protection that vertebrates possess if pathogens successfully evade the innate response?
How is the improved response retained after the pathogen has been eliminated?
What prevents pathogens from entering an organism?
Both innate and adaptive immunity depend on the immune system's ability to distinguish between what molecules?
Both innate and adaptive immunity depend on the immune system's ability to distinguish between self and what?
Both innate and adaptive immunity depend on the immune system's ability to distinguish between self and what?
What are substances that bind to specific immune receptors and elicit an immune response called?
What do antigens bind to?
The innate response is usually triggered when microbes are identified by what?
Microorganisms or toxins that successfully enter an organism encounter the cells and mechanisms of what system?
Pattern recognition receptors recognize components that are conserved among broad groups of what?
Are innate immune defenses specific or generic?
What part of an insect's body is used as a barrier against infection?
What is the first line of defense against infection in leaves?
What mechanically ejects pathogens and other irritants from the respiratory tract?
What is secreted by the respiratory and gastrointestinal tract to trap and entangle microorganisms?
Along with urine, what flushes pathogens?
What is an example of an antimicrobial peptide?
What enzymes are found in saliva, tears, and breast milk?
What does semen contain to kill pathogens?
What serve as powerful chemical defenses against ingested pathogens?
When do vaginal secretions become slightly acidic?
What serves as a biological barrier within the genitourinary and gastrointestinal tracts?
What do most antibiotics not affect?
What is the name of the probiotic flora found in unpasteurized yogurt?
What are some conditions that commensal flora can change in their environment?
What is one of the first responses of the immune system to infection?
What causes inflammation?
What produces inflammation?
What eicosanoids produce fever and the dilation of blood vessels associated with inflammation?
What cytokines are responsible for communication between white blood cells?
What cells engulf pathogens or particles?
Phagocytes can be called to specific locations by what?
What is the intracellular vesicle in a phagocyte called?
What happens when a phagosome fuses with a lysosome?
Phagocytosis evolved as a means of what?
What are phagocytes that travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens?
What type of phagocytes travel throughout the body in pursuit of invading pathogens?
How much of the total circulating leukocytes are neutrophils?
What is the process in which neutrophils migrate toward the site of inflammation called?
What is an example of a regulatory factor produced by macrophages?
What are the second arm of the innate immune system?
What is the second arm of the innate immune system?
Innate cells are important mediators in the activation of what system?
What are phagocytes?
What are phagocytes in tissues that are in contact with the external environment?
What are dendritic cells named for their resemblance to?
Dendritic cells present antigens to what key cell type of the adaptive immune system?
Dendritic cells present antigens to what key cell type of the adaptive immune system?
What is the condition in which NK cells recognize compromised host cells?
What are NK cells?
What is a cell-surface marker called?
What recognizes MHC antigens?
In what group did the adaptive immune system evolve?
What is the process in which the adaptive immune response recognizes non-self antigens called?
Antigen specificity allows for the generation of responses that are tailored to specific what?
What are the two major subtypes of T cells?
What has a role in modulating immune response?
Killer T cells only recognize antigens coupled to what?
Helper T cells and regulatory T cells only recognize antigens coupled to what?
What minor subtype recognizes intact antigens that are not bound to MHC receptors?
What is a sub-group of T cells that kill cells that are infected with viruses?
What is the co-receptor on the T cell called?
What binds to a specific antigen in a complex with the MHC Class I receptor of another cell?
What toxin induces the target cell to undergo apoptosis?
What is one of the cytotoxins released when an activated T cell contacts a target cell?
What recognizes the MHC:antigen complex?
How many receptors on a helper T cell must be bound by an MHC:antigen in order to activate the helper cell?
How can killer T cells be activated?
What does activation of a resting helper T cell cause it to release?
What is another name for CD154?
What are the characteristics of gamma delta T cells?
What do gamma delta T cells possess?
What are gamma delta T cells also known as?
What do  T cells rearrange TCR genes to produce?
What type of T cells respond within hours to common molecules produced by microbes?
What cell identifies pathogens when antibodies on its surface bind to a specific foreign antigen?
What is the process by which the B cell processes the antigen/antibody complex into peptides?
What does a matching helper T cell release?
What do some of the offspring of B cells and T cells become?
What is the term used to describe an individual's immune system's response to a pathogen during their lifetime?
What are the two forms of immunological memory?
What can memory cells remember throughout the lifetime of an animal?
Newborn infants have no prior exposure to what?
What type of antibody is transported from mother to baby directly across the placenta?
What contains antibodies that are transferred to the gut of the infant?
What is it called when a fetus borrows memory cells and antibodies?
Hormones can act as what?
Female sex hormones are known immunostimulators of what two types of immune responses?
What is an example of an autoimmune disease that strikes women preferentially?
What do male sex hormones like testosterone seem to be?
What protein has been shown to be closely intertwined with both T-cell differentiation and our circadian rhythms?
What are some chronic conditions that can be caused by a lack of sleep?
What can cause a lower immune response than in a well-rested individual?
What is partially responsible for weakened immune responses in aging individuals?
The decline in immune function in the elderly is also related to decreasing levels of what vitamin?
What is regulated by the immune system?
What does a person who gets less sun produce less of via UVB radiation?
What is the main response of the immune system to tumors?
What are tumor antigens presented on?
Tumor antigens are presented on MHC class I molecules in a similar way to what?
What is generated against tumor cells that allows for their destruction by the complement system?
What do plants lack?
What are PAMPs?
What happens to cells at the site of infection to prevent the spread of the disease to other parts of the plant?
What is a type of defensive response used by plants that renders the entire plant resistant to a particular infectious agent?
What is particularly important in this systemic response?
Overactive immune responses comprise the other end of immune dysfunction, particularly what?
What does the immune system fail to distinguish?
Where are specialized cells located?
What do many T cells and antibodies react with under normal circumstances?
What occurs when one or more components of the immune system are inactive?
Whose immune system's ability to respond to pathogens is diminished?
When do immune responses begin to decline in the elderly?
What are common causes of poor immune function in developed countries?
What is the most common cause of immunodeficiency in developing countries?
How can active immunity be generated artificially?
What is another name for vaccination?
What is introduced to stimulate the immune system?
What does the deliberate induction of an immune response exploit?
What do bacteria secrete to overcome physical barriers?
What type of secretion system can be used to insert a hollow tube into a host cell?
What are these proteins often used to do?
What does the success of a pathogen depend on?
Who formulated the clonal selection theory of immunity?
What are examples of non-self entities?
What is the term for the complex "two-signal" activation of T cells?
Who suggested the clonal selection theory?
What is the most powerful of the corticosteroids?
Methotrexate and azathioprine are examples of what?
What are two examples of cytotoxic or immunosuppressive drugs?
What is an example of an immunosuppressive drug?
What type of effector cells peak during wake periods?
What are two examples of anti-inflammatory molecules that peak during awake active times?
What hormone causes inflammation during sleep?
What does melatonin counteract during sleep?
What does a T-cell extend when it encounters a foreign pathogen?
What is the steroid hormone that the T-cell binds to?
What type of relationship do T-cells have with vitamin D?
What gene is responsible for converting the pre-hormone version of vitamin D, calcidiol, into the steroid hormone version, calcitriol?
What immune system cells are known to express CYP27B1 and thus activate vitamin D calcidiol?
What are proteins used by nearly all organisms to identify molecules associated with pathogens?
What are antimicrobial peptides called?
Along with the complement system, what system does invertebrate life use?
Ribonucleases and what other pathway are conserved across all eukaryotes?
What are some classical molecules of the adaptive immune system?
What primitive jawless vertebrates have a distinct lymphocyte-derived molecule?
What is the name of the large array of molecules that annelids possess?
What evolved in an ancestor of jawed vertebrates?
Invertebrates do not generate what type of immune system?
What is the unique defense mechanism bacteria use to protect themselves from viral pathogens called bacteriophages?
What is the restriction modification system called?
What sequences do prokaryotes use to retain fragments of phage genomes?
What two theories of immunity fought at the end of the 19th century and beginning of the 20th century?
Who represented the cellular theory of immunity?
What type of cells did Elie Metchnikoff believe were responsible for immune responses?
Who held the humoral theory of immunity?
What did the humoral theory of immunity say the active immune agents were?
Some tumors evade the immune system and go on to become what?
What do tumor cells often have a reduced number of on their surface?
What suppresses the activity of macrophages and lymphocytes?
What does the cytokine TGF- suppress the activity of?
What is an immune response that damages the body's own tissues?
How many types of hypersensitive reactions are there?
What is the first class of hypersensitive reactions?
What triggers degranulation of mast cells and basophils when cross-linked by antigen?
What happens when antibodies bind to antigens on the patient's own cells?
What is the evasion strategy used by pathogens to avoid the innate immune system called?
What is a food poisoning bacterium?
What is the eukaryotic parasite that causes malaria?
What bacteria lives inside a protective capsule that prevents lysis by complement?
What does Staphylococcus aureus produce that renders antibodies ineffective?
What is it called when a gene has a variation that is not inherited?
What is an example of a virus that mutates rapidly?
What parasite constantly switches one type of surface protein for another?
What can frequent changes in the virus's DNA cause vaccine failures?
What is it called when a person's immune system monitors another person's immune system?
What virus causes cervical cancer?
What enzyme transforms certain skin cells into tumors called melanomas?
What are skin tumors called when tyrosinase is expressed at high levels?
What type of cells are responsible for the formation of melanomas?
What is the maximum amount of drug that can provoke a neutralizing immune response?
What type of amino acids are overrepresented in epitope regions?
What is the study of large sets of proteins involved in the immune response called?
What type of cells can recognize epitopes from pathogens?
What is the emerging field of bioinformatics-based studies of immunogenicity called?
What hormones are increased during the early slow-wave-sleep stage?
Leptin, pituitary growth hormone, and prolactin support the interactions between T-cells and what?
What cytokine balance shifts towards Th1?
What type of immune responses are thought to support the formation of long-lasting immune memory?
What do complement proteins bind to on the surfaces of microbes?
How can the deposition of complement kill cells?
What is the speed of the response a result of?
What amplifies the initial signal by controlled positive feedback?
What is one way people have rebelled against unfair laws?
What did South Africa use nonviolent resistance to fight against?
What movement brought independence to the Baltic countries from the Soviet Union?
In what country did the Orange Revolution take place?
Where was the 2003 Rose Revolution?
Who brought about one of the earliest massive implementations?
Who occupied Egypt in 1919?
What type of movements has Gandhi's philosophy been used in?
What does civil disobedience rebel against?
What was the name of the movement that used nonviolent resistance?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who was Oedipus?
Who is the current King of Thebes?
Who was the former King of Thebes?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What is one of the oldest depictions of civil disobedience?
Who wrote the play Antigone?
Who is trying to stop Antigone from giving her brother Polynices a proper burial?
What is Creon trying to stop Antigone from doing?
What did Victoria tell Napoleon in her speech?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
What type of protest was the Declaration of Independence?
What was the name of Gandhi's doctrine?
What was Gandhi's campaign for?
Who wrote the essay Civil Disobedience?
Who wrote The Mask of Anarchy?
What did Percy Shelley think were the problems of his time?
What is the first modern statement of?
What was the name of Gandhi's philosophy?
Who wrote Satyagraha?
What is the code-word that Vice President Agnew uses to describe the activities of anti-war demonstrators?
Who noted that the term has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official?
What has the term "civil disobedience" always suffered from?
What has the term "civil disobedience" become in modern times?
What has the term "civil disobedience" become in modern times?
Who noted that the term has been used to describe everything from bringing a test-case in the federal courts to taking aim at a federal official?
What does Vice President Agnew use the term "anti-war" to describe?
Who uses the term "anti-war" as a code-word to describe the activities of muggers, arsonists, draft evaders, campaign hecklers and political assassins?
What has the term "civil disobedience" always suffered from?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible?
Is the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term difficult or impossible?
What three types of civil disobedience does Hayek encourage a distinction between?
What type of problems does the student of civil disobedience quickly find himself surrounded by?
What type of terminology does Popper often find has no more or less meaning than the individual orator intends it to have?
Who wrote that the formulation of a single all-encompassing definition of the term is extremely difficult, if not impossible?
What does the student of civil disobedience find himself surrounded by a maze of semantical problems and grammatical niceties?
What does the student of civil disobedience quickly find himself surrounded by when reviewing the voluminous literature on the subject?
What is another term for violent civil disobedience?
What type of civil disobedience is violent civil disobedience?
What is it called when two public agencies, especially two equally sovereign branches of government, conflict?
What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to?
What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to?
Why would a head of government refuse to enforce a decision of a country's highest court not be civil disobedience?
What is usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to the state and its laws?
What is civil disobedience usually defined as pertaining to a citizen's relation to?
What is an example of civil disobedience?
Who would be acting in her or his capacity as public official rather than private citizen if they refused to enforce a decision of the country's highest court?
What would the head of government be acting as instead of a public official?
What is an example of a public agency in a constitutional impasse?
Whose political philosophy pitched the conscience vs. the collective?
What happened to Thoreau after he refused to pay a tax?
Is the majority always right?
What did Thoreau advise a confused taxman to do when he refused to pay?
Whose will does Thoreau believe government may not express?
Who is the final judge of right and wrong?
Who can act unjustly?
Whose political philosophy pitched the conscience vs. the collective?
What did Thoreau advise a confused taxman to do when he refused to pay?
Is the majority always right?
Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is only justified against what?
What non-governmental agencies does Brownlee argue can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system?
What does Brownlee believe a larger challenge to can justify disobedience?
What does the same principle apply to breaches of law in protest against?
Who argued that disobedience can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system?
What does Brownlee believe disobedience in opposition to non-governmental agencies reflects?
Some theories of civil disobedience hold that civil disobedience is what?
Brownlee argues that disobedience in opposition to the decisions of non-governmental agencies such as trade unions, banks, and private what can be justified if it reflects a larger challenge to the legal system?
What is lawbreaking considered to be if it is not publicly announced?
What type of disobedience does Stephen Eilmann argue should not take the form of public civil disobedience?
What did Hitler's secret police want to know about German citizens?
What is the name of the book of Exodus?
Who refused a direct order of Pharaoh?
What must be done in order for lawbreaking to be considered civil disobedience?
What does Stephen Eilmann believe it is necessary to disobey?
What can a lawyer do to help a client overcome legal obstacles to securing her or his natural rights?
What did the Fully Informed Jury Association say to think of when Hitler's secret police demanded to know if a Jew was hiding in their house?
Where can civil disobedience be traced back to?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What dictionary includes non-violence in its definition of civil disobedience?
What is the more destructive form of civil disobedience?
What is society's view of civil disobedience?
What does Black's Law Dictionary include in its definition of civil disobedience?
What must civil disobedience be?
What is the more destructive form of civil disobedience?
What type of defect is rebellion considered to be?
What is the benefit of civil disobedients refraining from violence?
What is an active attempt to overthrow a government?
Who did Ferenc Deák claim directed civil disobedience against the Austrian government?
Who led the Hungarian civil disobedience against the Austrian government?
Whose acts have been described as revolutionary civil disobedience?
What does civil disobedience aim to change?
What is non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is the basis for non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is the goal of non-revolutionary civil disobedience?
What is an active attempt to overthrow a government?
Who was the first Indian Prime Minister?
When did the earliest recorded incidents of civil disobedience take place?
How did unarmed Jews prevent the installation of pagan images in the Temple in Jerusalem?
How was Thoreau's arrest covered?
What did the tax collector who arrested Thoreau do?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
When did the earliest recorded incidents of civil disobedience take place?
Why did unarmed Jews gather in the streets?
What do activists who commit civil disobedience do until certain demands are met?
What is civil disobedience a form of?
When was Thoreau's essay published?
What type of acts have civil disobedients chosen?
What does Bedau believe the harmlessness of protests toward public policy goals may serve?
What group brought medicine to Iraq without the permission of the U.S. Government?
How long did Julia Butterfly Hill live in Luna?
What did Julia Butterfly Hill do with the tree she lived in for 738 days?
What have civil disobedients chosen to do?
What is trespassing?
What type of protests does Bedau believe may serve a propaganda purpose?
What do some civil disobedients achieve by breaking the law?
Who lived in Luna for 738 days?
What was Joseph Haas arrested for?
What did Haas say in his email to city councilors?
What is pure speech?
What case did WBAI's broadcast of Filthy Words lead to?
When was the case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation?
What is a criminalized behavior that can result in civil disobedience?
What did WBAI do that led to the 1978 Supreme Court case of FCC v. Pacifica Foundation?
What is a classic way of expressing defiance toward the government?
How was Joseph Haas arrested?
What do some forms of civil disobedience make it more difficult for?
How did the Plowshares organization temporarily close the GCSB Waihopai?
How did the Plowshares organization temporarily close the GCSB Waihopai?
What does Brownlee say civil disobedients may find it necessary to employ?
What is the term used to describe the use of force by a government?
What is one form of civil disobedience?
What are civil disobedients constrained in their use of?
What is the conscientious aim of civil disobedients?
How did the Plowshares organization temporarily close the GCSB Waihopai?
What type of investigations are civil disobedience cases similar to?
What does a suspect need to decide about his property?
What can serve no useful purpose and may be harmful?
Why do some civil disobedients find it hard to resist responding to investigators' questions?
What do some civil disobedients seek to do?
What do some civil disobedients feel it is incumbent upon them to do?
What do some civil disobedients believe in?
What do civil disobedients not believe in?
What is the term for civil disobedients who don't believe in the legitimacy of any government?
What do anarchists see no need to accept punishment for a violation of criminal law?
What is an important decision for civil disobedients?
What is a civil disobedient's duty?
What does pleading not guilty send a message of?
What message does pleading not guilty send?
What is the term for a plea of not guilty?
Where did the protest take place?
What did the protesters do when they knew they would be arrested?
What happened to the protesters when they stepped across the line?
What was the alternative to pleading guilty or not-guilty?
What type of sentences were given to the people arrested for not reentering the test site grounds?
Why do protesters go to jail?
Why do protesters go to jail?
How should the spirit of protest be maintained?
What is an accession to 'the rules'?
What does the prosecution sometimes propose to civil disobedients?
What did the defendants receive in exchange for pleading guilty to one misdemeanor count?
What do activists use to secure the same plea bargain for everyone?
What type of plea do some activists enter?
Who pleaded guilty and told the court, "I am here to..."
What do some civil disobedience defendants choose to make in allocution?
What do some civil disobedience defendants choose to do in allocution?
What was one of the reasons for the arrest of Madonna?
What is the likelihood of a woman repeating her illegal actions?
What did some of the protesters complain about?
What is the primary goal of a defendant if they plead not guilty?
What does Steven Barkan say defendants must decide if they want to win an acquittal and avoid imprisonment or a fine?
What is the purpose of a civil disobedience case?
During what war did the Chicago Eight use a political defense?
What do some civil disobedients seek?
What would a great amount of disobedience encourage?
What type of disobedience is believed to undermine the law?
What is not civil disobedience?
What is a protestor viewed as if they try to escape punishment by committing the crime covertly and avoiding attribution or by denying having committed the crime?
What is one way a protestor can escape punishment?
What type of civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not the object of protest?
What type of civil disobedience involves violating a law which is not the object of protest?
During what war did courts typically refuse to excuse the perpetrators of illegal protests from punishment?
What defense did Carter Wentworth have?
Why have many FIJA activists escaped prosecution?
What is a major goal of criminal punishment?
What is the most important consideration in deciding whether or not to impose punishment?
Who decides on utilitarian grounds?
What does Brownlee believe the threat of punishment focuses attention on and not the law's engagement in a moral dialogue with the offender?
What is the process of constructing a building or infrastructure?
What is construction different from?
What percentage of a developed country's gross domestic product is construction?
What is the first step in construction?
For whom does construction typically take place?
Who normally manages a construction job?
Who supervises a construction project?
What is essential for the successful execution of a project?
What are the largest construction projects referred to as?
Who must consider zoning requirements, the environmental impact of the job, the successful scheduling, budgeting, construction-site safety, availability and transportation of building materials, logistics, inconvenience to the public caused by construction delays and bidding?
What are the three sectors of construction?
What two types of building construction are there?
What are some other names for infrastructure?
What is often called heavy/highway, heavy civil or heavy engineering?
Refineries, process chemical, power generation, mills, and manufacturing plants are examples of what type of plant?
What is Engineering News-Record?
What is the abbreviation for Engineering News-Record?
In what year did ENR compile data in nine market segments?
What types of data did the EPA use to rank heavy contractors?
What are the three subsectors of the construction industry?
What are two other categories of construction firms?
What are the names of the classification systems for companies that perform or otherwise engage in construction?
What are construction managers?
What is the process of adding structure to real property or construction of buildings?
What is the majority of building construction jobs?
Who often acts as laborer, paymaster, and design team for the entire project?
What are some undesirable end results of building construction projects?
What do those with experience in the field do to ensure a positive outcome?
What must residential construction practices, technologies, and resources conform to?
What generally dictates the construction materials used?
What can residential construction generate?
What can vary dramatically based on site conditions, local regulations, economies of scale, and availability of skilled tradespeople?
What technology has made new techniques of building construction possible?
How long does it take to build a small commercial building?
How much building material is being printed per hour as of January 2013?
How much building material are working versions of 3D-printing building technology printing per hour?
What does a formal design team do?
In the modern industrialized world, construction usually involves the translation of what?
Who is the design team most commonly employed by?
Who provides drawings and a bill of quantities?
Who does the owner typically award a contract to?
What is the modern trend in design toward integration of?
In the past, architects, interior designers, engineers, construction managers, and general contractors were more likely to be what?
What can a construction firm offer for a construction project from beginning to end?
What is the term for a contract where the contractor is given a performance specification and must undertake the project from design to construction while adhering to the performance specifications?
What are some project structures that can assist the owner in this integration?
Who can the owner of a project structure integrate the services of throughout design and construction?
What are many companies placing more emphasis on?
What can construction projects suffer from?
When do underbids happen?
When do cash flow problems exist?
What is a problem in many fields?
Who are likely participants in creating an overall plan for the financial management of the building construction project?
Who is highly likely to be present in a building project, even in relatively small projects?
Who studies the expected monetary flow over the life of the project?
Why have cost overruns occurred with government projects?
Who apply expertise to relate work and materials to a proper valuation?
What must a project adhere to?
Who does not benefit from a project that fails to adhere to codes?
What is malum in se?
What are malum prohibitum considerations?
Who may seek changes or exemptions in the law that governs the land where the building will be built?
What is a complex net of contracts and other legal obligations?
What is the exchange of a set of obligations between two or more parties?
What does the time element in construction mean?
What must the contracts be designed to ensure?
What leads to confusion and collapse?
What is a growing number of new forms of procurement?
What does PPP stand for?
What is another name for Public-Private Partnering?
What is the focus on?
Who acts as the project coordinator?
What does the architect or engineer act as?
Who are the direct contractual links between?
Who does the architect's client have a direct contractual link to?
How long does the procedure continue until the building is ready to occupy?
Who produces a list of requirements for a project?
Who presents different ideas about how to accomplish these goals?
Who produces a list of requirements for a project?
What type of contractor is often involved in the construction of a building?
What happens after phase 1 is built?
Who is typically required to verify and have existing utility lines marked before the foundation can be dug?
What is less likely to happen to existing electrical, water, sewage, and cable facilities?
What existing facilities are less likely to be damaged by the new system?
Who inspects a building during construction?
What can be issued once construction is complete and a final inspection has been passed?
What is the annual revenue of the industry in the United States?
How much of the industry's revenue is private?
How many firms employed 1 million contractors as of 2005?
How many employees does the average contractor have?
How many women were employed in the construction industry in the United States in 2011?
What is the average earning for a professional in the construction industry in the Middle East?
What is the average earning for a professional in the construction industry in the UK?
Where have some construction workers made more than $100,000 annually?
What is one of the most dangerous occupations in the world?
What is one of the most common causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries among construction workers?
What are some of the major causes of fatalities in the construction industry?
What can curtail the risk of occupational injuries in the construction industry?
What is another name for private schools?
What type of scholarship might a student receive at a private school?
What do private schools charge their students?
What do private schools retain the right to do?
How much do some New England preparatory schools charge in annual tuition?
What is the term for schools that charge no tuition?
Along with the United Kingdom, Canada, and several other Commonwealth countries, what country uses the term primary and secondary education?
Where does private education cover the whole gamut of educational activity?
What is year twelve known as?
What is year 13 known as?
What is another name for university-preparatory schools?
What is another factor that affects tuition at private secondary schools?
Who does high tuition pay higher salaries for?
Parochial schools are often used to denote what type of school?
Along with Protestants, Jews and Muslims, what religious group is represented in the K-12 private education sector?
What type of education do some Islamic schools teach?
What is a tool not readily available to government schools?
What is a compulsory uniform for private schools in Australia?
Are private schools in Australia always more or less expensive than their public counterparts?
Along with the Anglican Church and Uniting Church, what is a popular religious foundation for independent schools?
What type of school is St Joseph's College?
Where is St Aloysius' College located?
Who attends Loreto Normanhurst?
What article of the Grundgesetz gives the right to create private schools in Germany?
What was the purpose of the protection of private schools?
What was the percentage of pupils in such schools in Germany in 2008?
What percentage of students in private high schools reached a high school diploma?
What was the percentage of pupils in such schools in the former GDR?
What forbids segregation of pupils according to the means of their parents?
What are ordinary primary or secondary schools run by private individuals, private organizations or religious groups?
How high are the tuition fees at Ersatzschulen compared to other Western European countries?
What is a secondary school called that is run by private individuals, private organizations, or rarely religious groups?
What type of schools are most of the boarding schools?
What type of fees do Ergänzungsschulen charge their students?
What type of groups often run Ergänzungsschulen?
What are private schools called in India?
Along with the CISCE and NENBSE, what exam board is present in multiple states?
How many Examination Boards are there?
Who has the power to govern schools in India?
Along with non-profit trusts, what type of organizations can run schools in India?
In what country can only non-profit trusts and societies run schools?
What does ASER stand for?
What does the Annual Status of Education Report do?
What is the medium of education in private schools?
What is the Irish name for private schools?
What is unusual about private schools in Ireland?
What is the average annual fee for most schools?
What is the name of the religious order that runs the fee-paying schools?
What is the average boarding school fee in Ireland?
When was Malaysia's independence?
What group was upset by the change to the "National Type" schools?
What language are Chinese secondary schools required to use?
What was the name of the system in which all schools in Malaysia were assimilated?
How many schools converted to become National Type schools?
What are schools that accept government funds called?
How are the private unaided schools funded?
Where is the Galaxy Public School located?
What is the medium of education in Nepal?
What is the official language of Nepal?
How many private schools are in New Zealand?
How many students attend private schools in New Zealand?
How much of New Zealand's student population attends private schools?
What type of school system integrated between 1979 and 1984?
What is the largest city in New Zealand?
What type of private school is King's College?
Where is Samuel Marsden Collegiate School?
What type of private school is St Cuthbert's College in Auckland?
Where is Christ's College and St Margaret's College located?
What Catholic schismatic group operates private schools in Wanganui?
What percentage of primary enrollment in the Philippines is provided by the private sector?
What percentage of secondary enrollment in the Philippines is provided by the private sector?
What percentage of tertiary enrollment is provided by the private sector in the Philippines?
When was the revised Manual of Regulations for Private Schools issued?
Along with English, mathematics, and values education, what subjects did private schools have the option to teach in the third and fourth years?
What scheme of the government provides financial assistance for tuition and other school fees of students turned away from public high schools because of enrollment overflows?
What is geared to students enrolled in priority courses in post-secondary and non-degree programmes?
What is made available to underprivileged high school graduates who wish to pursue college/technical education in private colleges and universities?
What is the name of the act that recognises two categories of schools?
When was the South African Schools Act passed?
What type of school does the South African Schools Act recognise?
What type of schools are included in the "independent" category?
In what century were some of the oldest schools in South Africa established by missionaries?
What does the term "Model C" continue to be used to describe?
What kind of academic results do these schools produce?
How much do model C schools tend to set their school fees than other public schools?
What percentage of Swedish pupils were enrolled in private schools in 2008?
How many pupils does Kunskapsskolan teach?
How many employees does Kunskapsskolan have?
What does Kunskapsskolan mean?
What type of school model is Sweden known for?
How old must a pupil be to enter a public school in the UK?
What are some of these schools also known as?
According to The Good Schools Guide, what percentage of children are being educated at fee-paying schools at GSCE level?
How old must a pupil be to enter a public school in the UK?
What is the average fee for a boarder?
What landmark 1954 court case demanded that US schools desegregate with all deliberate speed?
What are some of the schools called that have shut down since the 1970s?
Where did many white students migrate to academies?
What race of students migrated to the academies?
What group of students became more concentrated in public schools in the U.S. South?
Along with student tuition, scholarship/voucher funds and donations and grants, how is funding provided for private schools?
What amendment does the Establishment Clause belong to?
What amendment allows government funding of religious schools?
What type of status could non-religious private schools get?
Where did compulsory education begin in 1852?
When did compulsory education begin in Massachusetts?
When was Wisconsin v. Yoder?
What was the Supreme Court's decision in Pierce v. Society of Sisters?
What was the case of Wisconsin v. Yoder?
How much did day schools in New York City charge in tuition in 2012?
How much does boarding school tuition cost in the United States?
Which school had an endowment of hundreds of millions of dollars?
What was the Groton School's endowment supplemented by?
Who was the first benefactor of Harvard?
When did the undergraduate college become coeducational?
Who led Washington University through the Great Depression and World War II?
Harvard was a founding member of what organization in 1900?
Who was the President of the United States after the American Civil War?
What is the world's largest academic and private library system?
How many libraries does the Harvard Library have?
How many volumes are in the Harvard Library?
How many U.S. presidents are alumni of Harvard?
How many Nobel laureates have been affiliated with Washington University?
Where are the campuses of Harvard University located?
How large is Harvard's financial endowment?
Where is Harvard Stadium located?
How many academic units does Harvard have?
Where is the main campus of Harvard University located?
When was Harvard formed?
Harvard was formed by vote of the Great and General Court of what colony?
In what year did the college become home to North America's first known printing press?
When was the college renamed Harvard College?
When was the charter for the Harvard Corporation granted?
Who did the College train in the early years?
What model did the University of Cambridge's curriculum follow?
What denomination was Washington University not affiliated with?
When did the president of Harvard die?
Who was appointed to the presidency of Harvard in 1805?
When was Henry Ware elected to the chair of Harvard?
Whose natural history lectures were acclaimed both in New York and on the campus of Harvard College?
What did Agassiz's perspective on science combine with observation?
Whose works were part of the Harvard curriculum at the time?
Who was the president of Washington University from 1869-1909?
What type of convictions motivated Eliot?
Whose writings were these convictions derived from?
Who was the president of Northwestern from 1933-1955?
What did Conant's programs aim to do?
When was the Report published?
How many men attended Harvard College for every woman studying at Radcliffe?
When did Harvard and Radcliffe merge?
What happened to the proportion of female undergraduates after the merger of Harvard and Radcliffe?
How far is Harvard's main campus from the State House?
How many houses do undergraduates live in?
What river does Harvard Yard border?
Where is the Quadrangle located?
Where is the Harvard Business School located?
What is the name of the pedestrian bridge over the Charles River?
Where is the Harvard Medical School's campus located?
How much more land does the university own in Allston than in Cambridge?
What are the proposals to connect the Cambridge campus with the new Allston campus?
What are some of the benefits of the expansion of Washington University?
How many professors does Harvard have?
How many undergraduates do Harvard's 2,400 professors, lecturers, and instructors instruct?
How many graduate students attend Harvard?
In what year did the student body vote to associate red with Harvard?
When was the association with red traced back to?
How much was the oil industry worth in 2011?
How much loss did the company suffer in 2008-09?
What was the name of the $1.2 billion building that was supposed to be completed by 2011?
What was the Pell Grant reserve at Harvard as of 2012?
What was the total financial aid reserve of Harvard University as of 2012?
When was the divestment from South Africa movement?
Who gave a speech during the divestment from South Africa movement?
How much did the university reduce its South African holdings?
How many applicants did Harvard College accept for the class of 2019?
When did Harvard College end its early admissions program?
Why did Harvard end its early admissions program in 2007?
In what year was the Early Action program reintroduced?
Between 1978 and 2008, entering students were required to complete what outside of their concentration?
How many General Education categories have undergraduate students been required to complete since 2008?
What has the Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching criticized Harvard for?
When do Harvard's academic programs operate on a semester calendar?
What is the minimum rate to be considered full-time?
What are students graduating in the top 4–5% of the class awarded?
What was the percentage of Latin honors students at Harvard in 2005?
What was the annual tuition for the 2012-13 school year?
What was the total cost of attendance for the 2012-13 school year?
What do families with incomes below $60,000 pay for their children's education?
How much money did Harvard offer in grants in 2009?
What percentage of Harvard's undergraduate aid is provided by grants?
Where is the Harvard University Library System centered?
What are the three most popular libraries for undergraduates at Washington University?
Where is America's oldest collection of maps, gazetteers, and atlases stored?
How many volumes does the Harvard University Library System hold?
How many museums does the Harvard Art Museums have?
What does the Fogg Museum of Art cover?
What is the name of the museum that specializes in the cultural history and civilizations of the Western Hemisphere?
Since what year has the University of Southampton consistently topped the Academic Ranking of World Universities?
When were THE World Reputation Rankings first published?
Where does Harvard rank as a "dream college" for students and parents?
How many intercollegiate sports does the Harvard Crimson compete in?
Who does Harvard have an intense athletic rivalry with?
What is the oldest continuous international amateur competition in the world?
When did the annual football meeting between Harvard and Yale begin?
In what year did Harvard Stadium open?
What year did Camp support revolutionary new rules?
Who was Walter Camp?
What is the name of the multi-purpose arena at Harvard?
What is known as the "MAC"?
How many weight rooms are in the building?
How many years older is The Game than the Harvard-Yale Regatta?
On what river is the Connecticut State Fair held?
What type of rivalry does the Harvard Crimson men's ice hockey team have with Cornell?
When did Harvard win the Intercollegiate Sailing Association National Championships?
Who is the U.N. Secretary?
Who is the president of Colombia?
Who is the president of Costa Rica?
Who is the U.N. Secretary General Ban Ki-moon?
Who is a comedian, television show host, and writer?
Who was a conductor?
Who is a cellist?
Who was a civil rights leader?
Who is Steven Pinker?
Who is Steven Pinker?
Who is a Shakespeare scholar at Harvard?
What is the largest city in Florida?
What was the population of Jacksonville in 2010?
Where does Jacksonville rank in terms of population in the US?
What county is Jacksonville the county seat of?
When did the city government consolidate?
What river is Jacksonville located on?
How far is Jacksonville from Miami?
What was the name of the French colony in the area?
What was the original population of the area?
Who was the first military governor of the Florida Territory?
How large is Jacksonville's seaport?
What type of tourism is important to Jacksonville?
How many US Navy bases are in Jacksonville?
What are other names for people from Jacksonville?
How many years has the area of Jacksonville been inhabited?
Who discovered the pottery on Black Hammock Island?
Where is Black Hammock Island located?
What era began in the 16th century?
What is the earliest recorded name for Jacksonville?
Who charted the St. Johns River in 1562?
Who did Ribault claim the land for?
Who did Philip II of Spain order to protect the interest of Spain by attacking the French presence at Fort Caroline?
What did the Spanish rename the fort?
What was the name of the first European settlement on the St. Johns?
What war caused Spain to cede Florida to the British?
What did the British do to connect St. Augustine to Georgia?
What did the names Cow Ford and Cowford reflect?
Who ceded Florida to the British in 1763?
When was the charter for a town government approved by the Florida Legislative Council?
Jacksonville was a key supply point for hogs and cattle being shipped from Florida to aid which cause?
What was the first Confederate victory in Florida?
What was the name of the battle in which Union forces confronted a Confederate army?
What caused the city to be disrupted after the war?
What was the name of the battle in which Confederate cavalry confronted a Union expedition?
During what era did Jacksonville become a popular winter resort for the rich and famous?
Which president attended the Sub-Tropical Exposition?
What caused a major blow to the city's tourism in the late 19th century?
What drew visitors to other areas?
What mode of transportation was used to transport visitors to New Haven?
What was engulfed in flames at a nearby mattress factory?
How many buildings were destroyed in the storm?
What did Governor Jennings do?
What was the largest urban fire in the southeastern United States?
Who was attracted to Jacksonville in the 1910s?
What type of film studios were established in Jacksonville?
What was Jacksonville's title as a silent film city?
What city became a major film production center?
What led residents to move to newer housing in the suburbs?
What was the non-Hispanic white population in 2010?
What did the development of suburbs and a subsequent wave of middle class cause to leave Jacksonville with a much poorer population than before?
Who created the Jacksonville Story?
After what war did Jacksonville suffer from negative effects of rapid urban sprawl?
What led to problems with funding education, sanitation, and traffic control within the city limits?
What type of suburbs had difficulty obtaining municipal services?
What did a 1958 study recommend the city of Jacksonville begin to do?
Who rejected annexation plans in six referendums between 1960 and 1965?
How were many of the city's officials elected in the mid-1960s?
How many officials were indicted after a grand jury was convened to investigate?
What was the name of the group led by J. J. Daniel and Claude Yates?
What happened to Duval County's public high schools in 1964?
What happened when a consolidation referendum was held in 1967?
Who was the mayor of Miami at the time?
What was the name of the new city that was created at Florida 13 and Julington Creek?
What was the name of the plan that was promoted as a blueprint for Jacksonville's future?
What did the Better Jacksonville Plan do?
What is the total area of Jacksonville?
What river divides the city?
What is a major tributary of the St. Johns River?
What percentage of Jacksonville's total area is water?
What town does Jacksonville surround?
What is the tallest building in Downtown Jacksonville?
What was the original name of the Bank of America Tower?
How tall is the Empire State Building?
How many floors is the Riverplace Tower?
What makes the Wells Fargo Center the defining building in the Jacksonville skyline?
What type of climate does Jacksonville have?
When are the warmest months in Tucson?
What type of weather does Jacksonville have in the winter?
Why does Jacksonville see very little cold weather?
What was the highest temperature recorded in New Haven on July 11, 1879?
What is it common for to erupt during a typical summer afternoon?
What is one of the reasons for the rapid heating of the land relative to the water?
In what month does the mean temperature reach 82 F?
What was the strongest storm to hit Jacksonville in 1964?
What was the wind speed when the eye crossed St. Augustine?
What storm hit Jacksonville on May 28, 2012?
What scale did the eye cross St. Augustine on?
In what year did Jacksonville suffer damage from a hurricane?
What is the largest ethnic group in Jacksonville?
How many people lived in the city in 2010?
How does Jacksonville's Arab population rank in the United States?
What is Jacksonville's largest American community?
What percentage of households were made up of individuals?
What percentage of households had children under the age of 18 living with them?
For every 100 females, how many males were there?
How many males were there for every 100 females age 18 and over?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in the year 2000?
How many people are in the bottom 50% of the world's population?
What is the average wealth of the top percentile?
What has been questioned about Oxfam's claims?
What is the purpose of a diversion?
What percentage of global assets did the richest 1% of adults own in the year 2000?
What do the three richest people in the world possess more of than the lowest 48 nations combined?
What was the combined wealth of the "10 million dollar millionaires" in 2008?
How much of the population does the wealthiest 1% own?
Why are there more poor people in the United States and Western Europe than in China?
How many of the richest Americans have more wealth than half of all Americans combined?
Who reported that the richest 1 percent in the US now own more wealth than the bottom 90 percent?
What may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start"?
According to the Institute for Policy Studies, what did over 60 percent of the Forbes richest 400 Americans do?
What do the top 400 richest Americans have more of than half of all Americans combined?
According to the New York Times, who owns more wealth than the bottom 90 percent?
What may help explain why many Americans who have become rich may have had a "substantial head start"?
According to the Institute for Policy Studies, what percentage of the Forbes richest 400 Americans grew up in substantial privilege?
Who said that over 60 percent of the richest 400 Americans grew up in substantial privilege?
What views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from differences in value added by labor, capital and land?
Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from what?
What is the reason for differences in value added within labor income distribution?
What is inequality a reflection of in a market economy?
What determines wages and profits?
Neoclassical economics views inequalities in the distribution of income as arising from what?
What is the reason for differences in labor income distribution?
What are determined by the marginal value added of each economic actor?
Who are the economic actors?
What is inequality a reflection of in a market economy?
Why do capitalist firms increasingly substitute capital equipment for labor inputs?
What does the increase in organic composition of capital mean in relation to capital inputs?
What happens to the reserve army of labour when less workers are required in proportion to capital inputs?
What does the substitution of capital equipment for labor result in for the capitalist class?
In Marxian analysis, capitalist firms increasingly substitute capital equipment for what?
Why do capitalist firms increasingly substitute capital equipment for labor inputs?
What do capitalist firms increasingly do for labor inputs?
What does the substitution of capital equipment for labor raise for each worker?
What kind of wages did the working class receive after mechanization and automation?
What will not be controlled by professional and labor organizations in a purely capitalist mode of production?
What law states that the price of skill is determined by a race between the demand for the skilled worker and the supply of the skilled worker?
What does an employer find when they offer a below market wage?
How will their competitors take advantage of the situation?
Markets by themselves are often viewed as what?
Who will control workers wages?
What do wages work in the same way as for any other good?
What will be controlled by the market in a purely capitalist mode of production?
What can concentrate wealth, pass environmental costs on to society, and abuse workers and consumers?
Markets by themselves are often viewed as what?
What tends to drive down wages?
What is the opposite of high supply?
What happens to a job where there are few able or willing workers but a large need for the positions?
How can members receive higher wages?
Who may limit the supply of workers?
What will a job where there are many workers willing to work a large amount of time result in?
What drives down the wage?
What causes competition among workers to drive down wages?
What is the supply of a job where many workers are willing to work a large amount of time?
What type of competition drives up wages?
What does higher economic inequality tend to increase at the individual level?
What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs?
Necessity-based entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs such as income for food and shelter, what is it called?
What is another term for opportunity-based entrepreneurship?
What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by achievement-oriented motivations?
What tends to increase entrepreneurship rates at the individual level?
What is the most common reason for a person's choice of career?
What type of entrepreneurship is motivated by survival needs?
What type of motivation is opportunity-based entrepreneurship driven by?
What type of impact does entrepreneurialism have on economic growth?
What is a tax by which the tax rate increases as the taxable base amount increases?
What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society?
What can steeper tax progressivity be applied to?
What is another cause of the rate at which income is taxed coupled with the progressivity of the tax system?
What increases as the taxable base amount increases?
What will often have a direct impact on the level of inequality within a society?
What can result in a more equal distribution of income across the board?
What is an indicator for the effects of taxation?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What type of education do people who can't afford an education choose not to pursue?
What do those who can't afford an education generally receive?
Who does education help unleash the productive potential of?
What does a lack of education lead to lower aggregate of?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What does education create for those with a high demand for workers?
What are the wages of those who cannot afford an education or choose not to pursue optional education?
What does a lack of education lead to?
What is an important factor in the creation of inequality?
What did S&P recommend to partially remedy the wealth gap?
How much more would the US economy grow if the average worker completed one more year of school?
What did the widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation make it more prone to?
Which rating agency concluded that the widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession?
When did economists with the Standard & Poor's rating agency conclude that the widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation had slowed its recovery from the 2008-2009 recession?
What recession did the widening disparity between the wealthiest and the rest of the nation slow the recovery from?
What did S&P recommend to partially remedy the wealth gap?
How much more would the US economy grow if the average worker completed one more year of school?
What did the widening disparity between the wealthiest citizens and the rest of the nation make it more prone to?
When was the mass high school education movement?
What happened to skilled workers during the mass high school education movement?
What happened to the price of skilled labor during the mass high school education movement?
What can result in low economic growth?
What did the decrease in wages cause?
When was the mass high school education movement?
What did the increase in skilled workers lead to?
What was the purpose of high school education during this period?
What is very important for the growth of the economy?
What can result in low economic growth?
What has remained strong in continental European liberalism?
What countries have a lower level of economic mobility than the U.S.?
How much evidence supports the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes?
Where have unions remained strong?
John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer point to economic liberalism and the reduction of business regulation as one of the causes of what?
The U.S. economic and social model is associated with substantial levels of what?
What organization did John Schmitt and Ben Zipperer belong to?
How much evidence supports the view that U.S.-style labor-market flexibility dramatically improves labor-market outcomes?
What level of economic mobility does the U.S. economy consistently afford compared to all the continental European countries for which data is available?
What nation has a high rate of unionization?
What goes hand-in-hand with weak labor movements?
What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap than technological changes and globalization?
What did Jake Rosenfield say played a more significant role in expanding the income gap than the decline of organized labor?
What is Jake Rosenfield's profession?
Where is Jake Rosenfield from?
What has played a more significant role in expanding the income gap than technological changes and globalization?
What is the rate of unionization in Scandinavia?
What does high inequality go hand-in-hand with?
What may low-skilled workers in rich countries see as a result of the competition?
What may low-skilled workers in poor countries see as a result of trade?
What is another cause of inequality in America?
What has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier countries?
Trade liberalization may shift economic inequality from a domestic scale to what?
Who may see increased wages when rich countries trade with poor countries?
What has had a measurable effect on the rising inequality in the United States, according to Paul Krugman?
What is the effect of trade on inequality in America?
What has replaced low-skilled jobs in wealthier countries?
What is the income gap in Botswana?
What is the income gap in Bahrain?
Are women more or less willing to travel or relocate when looking for work?
In many countries there is a Gender pay gap in favor of what gender in the labor market?
What type of pay gap exists in many countries?
In many countries there is a Gender pay gap in favor of whom?
Who is more likely to consider factors other than pay when looking for work?
Who wrote Knowledge and Decisions?
What is the difference in earnings between men and women in the US?
What type of redistribution programs can help more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality?
According to Kuznets, what is the distribution of wealth in countries with low levels of development?
What does a country acquire as it develops?
What is one way that more developed countries move back to lower levels of inequality?
What was Simon Kuznets' profession?
What did Simon Kumnets argue are the result of stages of development?
What does a country acquire as it develops?
What happens to the owners of capital as a country develops?
What do more developed countries move back to through redistribution mechanisms?
When did income inequality fall in the United States?
When did income inequality begin to rise?
What sector did Kuznets' theory predict would be the next to the manufacturing sector?
What sector did Kuznets' theory say would be shifted to the service sector?
Who saw middle-income developing economies level of inequality bulging out to form what is now known as the Kuznets curve?
What is the name of the curve that Kuznets saw middle-income developing economies level of inequality bulge out to form?
What has the recent testing of this theory shown it to be?
What happens to a person's metabolism when they age?
How many Kuznets' cycles may be in effect at any given time?
What is a theoretical process by which newly created wealth concentrates in the possession of already-wealthy individuals or entities?
What do those who already hold wealth have the ability to do?
What is the fundamental force for divergence?
What generates higher returns?
Where does newly created wealth concentrate?
Who are the beneficiaries of the new wealth?
What can significantly contribute to the persistence of inequality within society?
Who wrote Capital in the Twenty-First Century?
What do larger fortunes generate?
What type of forces does Joseph Stiglitz believe should serve as a brake on concentrations of wealth and income?
What is Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What kind of skills will the market bid up compensation for?
What is a better explanation of growing inequality according to Stiglitz?
What is the non-market force that Stiglitz argues is better explained by?
What has been found to cause higher rates of health and social problems?
What causes a lower level of economic growth?
What is lower in more unequal countries?
What has been found to cause higher rates of health and social problems?
What happens to life expectancy in more unequal countries?
When did Robert J. Shiller win the Economics Nobel prize?
What did Robert J. Shiller say is the most important problem in the United States?
What effect does high and persistent unemployment have on long-run economic growth?
What can harm growth because it is a waste of resources?
What type of growth does increasing inequality harm?
What is the nationality of Richard G. Wilkinson and Kate Pickett?
What are the rates of health and social problems in countries with higher inequality?
What is the rate of social goods in countries with higher inequality?
How many developed countries were used in the study?
What do countries and states with higher rates of health and social problems have higher rates of?
What did higher material living standards lead to for most of human history?
Where does the pattern of higher incomes-longer lives still hold?
What increases as per capita income increases in poorer countries?
Who live no longer on average than Greeks or New Zealanders?
How was income distributed in Sweden and Japan?
What is a characteristic that has strongly correlated with health in developed countries?
Who created an index of "Health and Social Problems" from nine factors?
How many factors were used to create an index of "Health and Social Problems"?
Where did Richard Wilkinson and Kate Pickett find health and social problems to be more common?
What does the UNICEF index of child well-being in rich countries correlate with?
Crime rate has been shown to be correlated with what in society?
What have most studies looking into the relationship focused on?
How many studies have shown tendencies for violence to be more common in societies where income differences are larger?
What can about half of all variation in homicide rates be accounted for by?
How much difference is there in homicide rates between U.S. States and Canadian Provinces?
What is the utilitarian principle?
What is it called when a house provides less utility to a millionaire than it would to a homeless family of five?
What will an additional dollar spent by a poor person go to things providing to that person?
What does distributive efficiency do to the marginal utility of wealth?
What will a society with more equality have for any given amount of wealth in society?
What do conservative researchers argue should be the measure of inequality rather than income?
What political party is Will Wilkinson from?
In what year was consumption inequality lower than in 1986?
Who wrote "The Hidden Prosperity of the Poor"?
What was Thomas B. Edsall's profession?
What is Raghuram Rajan's profession?
What does Raghuram Rajan argue has created deep financial 'fault lines'?
What is the most recent example of a financial crisis?
What did political pressure develop to extend to the lower and middle income earners to compensate for stagnating and declining purchasing power?
What did political pressure develop to extend to the lower and middle income earners to compensate for stagnating and declining purchasing power?
What is negatively correlated with the duration of economic growth spells?
Along with economic prosperity, what does high levels of inequality prevent?
What happens to GDP growth if the income share of the top 20 percent increases?
What is an increase in the income share of the bottom 20 percent associated with?
Who matters the most for growth?
Who are David Castells-Quintana and Vicente Royuela?
According to David Castells-Quintana and Vicente Royuela, increasing inequality harms what?
What does high and persistent unemployment have a negative effect on?
Why can unemployment harm growth?
What do policies aimed at reducing unemployment aim to reduce?
What did Joseph Stiglitz present in 2009 that both global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth by limiting aggregate demand?
How does global inequality and inequality within countries prevent growth?
What is Joseph Stiglitz's profession?
What is the main reason for this shift?
What has become the secret to growth now that human capital is scarcer than machines?
When did Galor and Zeira show that inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections has a long lasting detrimental effect on human capital formation and economic development?
What effect does inequality in the presence of credit market imperfections have on human capital formation and economic development?
What did a 1996 study by Perotti examine?
What type of taxation is associated with higher levels of inequality?
What do unequal societies tend to be?
What does high levels of inequality do to growth in poor countries?
What does high levels of inequality do in richer countries?
What does Robert Barro's research show there is little overall relation between income inequality and?
What university did Robert Barro attend?
When did a study of Swedish counties find a positive impact of inequality on growth?
What hypothesis states that with economic development, inequality first increases then decreases?
What does the Kuznets curve hypothesis say happens to inequality with economic development?
Who claims that wars and "violent economic and political shocks" reduced inequality?
What is Thomas Piketty's profession?
What did Thomas Piketty say reduced inequality from 1914 to 1945?
When did some theories establish possible avenues through which inequality may have a positive effect on economic development?
According to a 1955 review, savings by the wealthy were thought to offset what?
What did a 2013 report on Nigeria suggest about growth?
How long does it take for effects to manifest as changes to economic growth?
Longer growth spells are robustly associated with what?
What must be made to ensure poorer sections of society are able to participate in economic growth?
What can the effect of economic growth on poverty reduction depend on?
What is one of the goals of the Millennium Development Goals?
What organization is Ban Ki-Moon the Secretary General of?
What does Ban Ki-Moon believe economic growth is not sufficient for?
What is held outside the formal or legal property ownership registration system in many poor and developing countries?
How is much unregistered property held?
What is the term for ownership that isn't legal?
How many steps does it take to build on government land?
Where can it take over 200 steps and up to 14 years to build on?
What do some researchers argue is caused in part by income inequality?
What did David Rodda note decreased between 1984 and 1991?
Why did the number of quality rental units decrease?
Why did rental prices increase in East New York?
What policy made it difficult or impossible for low income residents to keep pace with rising prices?
Who shares the costs of housing, pensions, education, and health care?
What are those on lower incomes less equipped to manage?
What describes the process of middle income earners aspiring to achieve the standards of living enjoyed by their wealthier counterparts?
What is one method of achieving aspirational consumption?
What is a potential result of the increase in inequality?
What happens to waste and pollution when there is less economic inequality?
What is the result of the increase in environmental degradation?
What does the smaller the economic inequality, the more waste and pollution is created?
How can human inequality be addressed without increasing environmental damage?
What do socialists attribute the vast disparities in wealth to?
What is the result of private ownership of the means of production?
What type of income is the vast majority of the population dependent on?
What type of ownership do socialists argue for?
What would income differentials be if the means of production were socially owned?
Who argued that government redistributes wealth by force?
How does government redistribute wealth?
How does government redistribute wealth?
What were some modern economic inequalities the result of?
When are inequalities in the distribution of wealth justified?
What does the capabilities approach look at income inequality and poverty as a form of?
Economic growth and income are considered a means to an end rather than what?
What is the goal of adolescence?
How is the goal of a person's well-being widened?
What is agency?
What happens when a person's capabilities are lowered?
What can an old, ill man not do?
What may prevent a woman from receiving an education or working outside of the home?
Why would people not go to work in a violent area?
What can people work towards if they are denied their functionings, capabilities, and agency?
Who produces Doctor Who?
When did the BBC begin producing Doctor Who?
What is the name of Doctor Who's time-travelling space ship?
What was the exterior of the BBC's first television series?
What genre is Doctor Who?
How long did the programme run?
Who was the showrunner and head writer for the first five years of its revival?
What was the name of the Doctor Who spin-off created by Russell T Davies?
Who produced the show in-house?
Who played the title role in the first series of the 21st century?
How many actors have headlined the series as the Doctor?
Who took on the role of the Doctor after Matt Smith's exit?
What was the name of the 2013 Christmas special?
When does the character of the Doctor take on a new body and personality?
What does the character of the Doctor take on after sustaining an injury which would be fatal to most other species?
What planet is the primary character of Doctor Who from?
What was the name of the stolen TARDIS used to flee Gallifrey?
What does the TARDIS stand for?
What allows the TARDIS to take on the appearance of local objects as a disguise?
Why is the Doctor's TARDIS still a blue British Police box?
How often does the Doctor travel alone?
Along with the Daleks and Cybermen, who is a renegade Time Lord?
What does the Doctor have the ability to do when his body is mortally damaged?
What is the most common companion of Neptune?
What does the Doctor have the ability to regenerate when his body is mortally damaged?
When did Doctor Who first appear on BBC TV?
What was the second Doctor Who serial based on Nation's script?
Why was the script rejected by Newman and Wilson?
Who did Whitaker commission to write The Mutants?
How long would each episode be?
How many seasons did the BBC drama department's serials division produce the show?
Who was the controller of BBC 1 in 1989?
What documentary did Sophie Aldred appear in?
The BBC repeatedly affirmed that what would happen to the show in 1990?
On what channel was the BBC's serials division broadcast?
What did the BBC hope to do with the show after in-house production ceased?
Who was the British expatriate who worked for Columbia Pictures' television arm in the United States?
On what network was 'Who' broadcast in 1996?
How many viewers did 'The Shining' get in the UK?
Where did Philip Segal work for Columbia Pictures?
What was the name of the episode in which Doctor Who returned?
In what year did Doctor Who return with the episode "Rose"?
In what year was no full series of 'The Crown' filmed?
Who replaced Moffat in 2018?
What day of the year have there been specials every year since 2005?
When was the original Doctor Who series broadcast?
What version of Doctor Who is a direct plot continuation of the original 1963-1989 series?
When was the telefilm version of Doctor Who released?
What are two examples of rebooted Star Trek series?
What was the name of the 1988 relaunch of 'Star Trek: The Next Generation'?
When did the BBC broadcast the first episode of 'The Assassination'?
How long was the delay in transmission of the first episode?
How long did it take for the first episode to be transmitted?
What event caused a delay in the transmission of the first episode?
What was one of the reasons that many viewers missed the first episode of 'The Assassination'?
What phrase entered British pop culture to signify the stereotypical early-series behaviour of children who wanted to avoid seeing frightening parts of a television programme?
What museum in London named their exhibition "Behind the Sofa"?
What was the name of the Museum of the Moving Image's exhibition celebrating Doctor Who?
What is the nickname given to 'The Walking Dead'?
Where did a 2011 online vote deem the show the "scariest TV show of all time"?
What was the most violent of the BBC's drama programmes in 1972?
What percentage of the surveyed audience regarded the show as "very unsuitable" for family viewing?
What journalist responded to the findings of the survey in The Times?
What game did Philip Howard compare the violence of Dr Who to?
What newspaper published the findings of the survey?
What has become firmly linked to the show in the public's consciousness?
What design did the BBC want to use in merchandising associated with Doctor Who?
What was the purpose of the TARDIS?
Who filed an objection to the BBC's trade mark claim in 1998?
When did the Patent Office rule in favour of the BBC?
How many seasons did Doctor Who originally run for?
When did Doctor Who end?
How many episodes was The Daleks' Master Plan?
What was the name of the rogue Time Lord in season 8 of Doctor Who?
What was the name of the storyline in season 20 of Doctor Who?
When did the serial format change?
How long were the episodes in the 2005 revival?
On what day was an extended episode broadcast?
What was the name of the episode from 2008 that exceeded an hour in length?
When was "The Eleventh Hour" released?
How many Doctor Who instalments have been televised since 1963?
What is the most common length of Doctor Who episodes?
How many Christmas specials have been televised since 1963?
How long was one of the Christmas specials?
When were four additional specials televised?
Who were the first two Doctors?
Between 1964 and 1 what year was a large amount of older material stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries destroyed?
What seasons are missing from the BBC's archives?
When did the BBC stop wiping tapes and destroying spare film copies?
When were large amounts of older material stored in the BBC's various video tape and film libraries destroyed?
What did other countries do with the episodes that were returned to the BBC?
Who made off-air colour videotape recordings?
What is the name of the short story about Marco Polo?
On what type of film were excerpts filmed from the television screen?
Who made audio versions of all the lost episodes?
Who has released "Official reconstructions" on VHS, on MP3 CD-ROM, and as special features on DVD?
What animation studio did the BBC work with to reconstructed the missing episodes of The Invasion?
When was The Invasion released?
Who animated the missing episodes of The Reign of Terror?
When was The Invasion released on DVD?
What concept did producers introduce to permit the recasting of the main character?
When was the term regeneration first conceived of?
What was the first reason for the cancellation of the show?
What did Hartnell's Doctor describe undergoing?
What did the Second Doctor undergo?
How many times can a Time Lord regenerate?
How many incarnations can a Time Lord have?
What episode depicted the Doctor acquiring a new cycle of regenerations?
What serials established that a Time Lord can only regenerate 12 times?
When was Mawdryn Undead released?
Who guest starred as a hitherto unknown incarnation of the Doctor?
What was the name of the 50th anniversary special?
Who portrayed the Valeyard in The Trial of a Time Lord?
What was the name of the serial in which Michael Jayston portrayed the Valeyard?
Who were the Doctors in the mini-episode "The Night of the Doctor" inserted between?
What was John Hurt's role in "The Day of the Doctor"?
What was the name of the show that starred William Hartnell, Patrick Troughton, and Jon Pertwee?
Who starred with Troughton and Pertwee in 1983's The Five Doctors?
Where does the First Doctor encounter himself?
What was the name of the 50th anniversary special episode?
Who appeared together in The Sirens of Time?
What was the name of the audio drama released in 2003?
Who starred in The Four Doctors in 2010?
Along with Peter Davison, who appeared together in The Sirens of Time?
When was Zagreus released?
In what episode did the Eleventh Doctor clarify he was the product of the twelfth regeneration?
In what film was it hinted that the First Doctor may not have been the first incarnation?
In what film did the Fifth Doctor confirm that he was in his fifth incarnation?
In what 2010 film did the Eleventh Doctor call himself "the Eleventh"?
When was Mawdryn Undead released?
What was the name of the first serial of Doctor Who?
Who is the Doctor's granddaughter?
When did the Ninth Doctor think he was the last surviving Time Lord?
What happened to the Ninth Doctor's home planet?
In what movie was he asked if he had a brother?
What is the companion figure in Doctor Who?
What is the only story in the original series in which the Doctor travels alone?
Who was the Doctor's first companion?
What was Barbara Wright's profession?
Mary Tamm and Lalla Ward played what Time Lady?
What gender of companion does the Doctor usually travel with?
Who were the secondary companions of the Ninth and Tenth Doctors?
Which Doctor was the first to travel with a married couple?
Who will be the Doctor's newest traveling companion?
Who was Donna Noble's primary companion?
Who was the executive producer of Doctor Who's 2005 revival?
In what series did the Daleks and Autons first appear on Doctor Who?
Who were introduced in series 2 of Doctor Who?
In what series did the Macra and the Master appear?
Along with the Silurians, Cybermats, Great Intelligence and Ice Warriors, what character was revived in the 50th Anniversary Special?
What race first appeared in the show's second serial in 1963?
Where are the Daleks from?
What is the main role of the Dalek?
Who mutated the Daleks?
What is the main weakness of the Dalek?
Who is the Doctor's archenemy?
What is the Master's title?
Who played the Master in the 1996 television movie of Doctor Who?
What was the name of the character that first appeared in 1971?
Who was the first actor to portray the Master?
Who provided the character's re-introduction in the 2007 episode "Utopia"?
In what episode did Derek Jacobi re-introduce the character?
When was the episode "Dark Water" aired?
What was the female incarnation of the Master called?
Who plays the incarnation of Madonna?
Who composed the original theme for the BBC Radiophonic Workshop?
Who did Delia Derbyshire work for?
What type of techniques were used to build up the various parts?
The Derbyshire arrangement served as the theme tune up to the end of what season?
What did Grainer ask when he heard the finished product?
Who recorded a different arrangement for season 18?
Who recorded the arrangement for the season-long serial The Trial of a Time Lord?
Which Doctor's era did Keff McCulloch provide the new arrangement for?
Who provided a new arrangement for the return of the series in 2005?
What was the name of the 2005 Christmas episode?
What was the name of the 2007 Christmas special episode?
What radio station charted Queen's theme tune at number 228 in 2011?
In what year did Gold return as composer for The Walking Dead?
What was the number of the theme tune of Classic FM's Hall of Fame in 2011?
Who composed a new arrangement of the theme for the 2007 Christmas special episode?
Who recorded a version of the Doctor Who theme with spoken lyrics?
Who released a disco version of the Doctor Who theme in 1978?
Where did the disco version of the Doctor Who theme reach in the UK charts?
What was the name of the single released by The Timelords?
What was the name of the single released by The Timelords?
Who was the most frequent musical contributor during the first 15 years?
What was Simpson's first Doctor Who score?
When did Simpson write music for many adventures for Doctor Who?
What was Simpson's final Doctor Who score?
What movie did he appear in as a Music hall conductor?
Who performed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series?
Who performed the incidental music for the 2005 revived series?
When was a Doctor Who Prom celebrated in the Royal Albert Hall?
What was the name of the specially filmed mini-episode?
Who composed all the incidental music for the 2005 revived series?
How many soundtrack releases have been released since 2005?
What series did the first episode feature?
What did the fourth Doctor Who DVD contain?
What was the name of the 2010 Christmas special?
When was the soundtrack for Series 5 released?
What was reused in a slightly modified format for the 50th anniversary special "The Day of the Doctor" during the Eleventh Doctor's run?
What logo had the "DW" TARDIS insignia removed?
What is the primary logo used on all media and merchandise relating to past Doctors?
What logo was used for the Third Doctor's final season and for the majority of the Fourth Doctor's tenure?
During which Doctor's run was the logo used for the 50th anniversary special "The Day of the Doctor"?
What event prompted the first episode of Doctor Who?
Where has Doctor Who always appeared?
When did Tom Baker occasionally draw audiences of over 12 million?
When was the "Dalekmania" period?
Where are Doctor Who episodes now repeated?
When did viewership peak at 16 million?
What was a leading cause of the BBC's 1989 suspension?
What was the most popular show at the time?
What was the popularity of Coronation Street at the time?
When was the third notable period of high ratings?
What station broadcast The Five Doctors two days before its BBC One broadcast?
In what country was Silver Nemesis broadcast?
In what city did the 1996 television film premiere?
How long before the BBC One showing did the 1996 television film premiere?
When did the 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors debut?
Who has run the show in Australia since 1965?
How much funding did the ABC provide for the 20th anniversary special The Five Doctors?
What television network aired a repeat of 'Star Trek: The Next Generation' after SF's closure?
What did ABC do in 2003 for the show's 40th anniversary?
On what channel did the modern series first air?
When did TVOntario begin airing Doctor Who?
What was the first series of Doctor Who aired on TVOntario?
Where did the series move to in 2009?
What story was cancelled because of accusations that it was racist?
Who was the science-fiction writer who bookended TVO airings from 1979 to 1981?
Who recorded special video introductions for each episode?
What was played over the closing credits?
What episode of Doctor Who was broadcast on December 26, 2005?
When did CBC begin airing series two?
When was the CFL double header in most of the country?
In what countries is BBC Video on DVD available?
How many original series serials have been released on Laserdisc?
What was the name of the episode of Doctor Who released on VCD?
What was the name of the 1970 story that was released on Blu-ray in July 2013?
When was the first season of 'Star Trek' available on Blu-ray?
Who played the role of the Daleks in the Seven Keys to Doomsday?
What was the name of the play in which Jon Pertwee and Colin Baker played the Doctor?
What was the name of the stage play written by Terry Nation?
What roles did Trevor Martin play in the 1970s?
Who played the Doctor for two performances while Pertwee was ill?
What was the name of the 13-part spin-off series produced by Russell T Davies?
When did 'The Apprentice' debut on BBC Three?
When did the second series of Torchwood air?
What was the name of the third series?
What was the name of the fourth series of Torchwood?
Who starred in The Sarah Jane Adventures?
When did a full series of The Sarah Jane Adventures begin?
In what year did David Tennant make a crossover appearance as the Tenth Doctor?
In what year did Matt Smith appear as the Eleventh Doctor?
Why was a final three-story fifth series not completed?
What was the name of the charity special produced for Children in Need in 1993?
Who was Dimensions in Time produced for?
What soap opera featured a crossover with 'Alice in Wonderland'?
What did the Pulfrich effect require?
What effect did the 3D system use?
What was the name of the 1999 Doctor Who special?
How many segments were there in the original series?
Who is the Doctor in the 'Doctor Who' series?
Along with Hugh Grant, Jim Broadbent, Richard E. Grant and Richard E. Grant, who played the Doctor?
What was Steven Moffat's job title after he wrote the script for 'Bridge of Spies'?
What is the name of a reference to Doctor Who in Star Trek: The Next Generation?
What Family Guy episodes have references to Doctor Who?
What was the name of the Channel 4 series created by Russell T. Davies?
Who is the Doctor Who collector on Coupling?
What young adult fantasy novels have references to Doctor Who appeared in?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who audio release?
How long was the earliest Doctor Who audio release?
What was the name of the first Doctor Who LP?
When was the first audiobook available?
What was the name of the television show that was on hiatus in 1988?
Who were the earliest Doctors?
What was the name of the 2013 series produced as part of the series' 50th Anniversary celebrations?
Who has released Doctor Who audios on CD since 1999?
Since what year has Big Finish Productions released Doctor Who audios on CD?
When did Tom Baker's Fourth Doctor begin appearing for Big Finish?
When did the Virgin New Adventures and Virgin Missing Adventures series begin?
When were the first Doctor Who books published?
How long has a dedicated Doctor Who Magazine been published?
Who publishes the Doctor Who Adventures magazine?
Who has published a new range of novels since the relaunch of the programme in 2005?
When was the Doctor Who character created?
Who created the Doctor Who character?
Who has expressed distaste for the idea of canonic stories?
Who continues to produce the television episodes?
When did 'The Crown' win the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series?
What years did the show win five consecutive awards at the National Television Awards?
When did Matt Smith become the first Doctor to be nominated for a BAFTA Television Award?
Who was the first female Doctor to receive a BAFTA nomination?
What was Michelle Gomez's BAFTA nomination?
Where is the longest running science fiction television show in the world listed?
Who was honored with an Institutional Peabody Award in 2013?
What type of music did the BBC Radiophonic Workshop produce?
In what year did the Peabody Awards award Doctor Who with an Institutional Peabody?
What was the largest ever simulcast of a TV drama?
What season of the show won a Writers' Guild of Great Britain award for Best Writing in a Children's Serial?
What was voted as the "Best Popular Drama"?
Where was Doctor Who ranked in a list of the 100 Greatest British Television Programmes of the 20th century?
Who conducted a survey in 2005 of the Greatest UK Science Fiction and Fantasy Television Series Ever?
How many episodes of EastEnders and Casualty were voted the "Best Popular Drama"?
What BAFTA award did 'The Crown' win?
How many BAFTA TV Awards did 'The Crown' win?
How many BAFTA Cymru awards did 'The Crown' win?
In what year was Doctor Who voted the 3rd greatest show of the 2000s by Channel 4?
What was the episode "Vincent and the Doctor" shortlisted for?
How many times has the Short Form of the Hugo Award for Best Dramatic Presentation been won?
How many awards has Doctor Who been nominated for?
How many awards has Doctor Who won?
Who won Best Actor in the 2012 National Television Awards?
What was the name of the winning episode in 2010?
Who satirized Doctor Who with a soap sponge?
Who often impersonates the Fourth Doctor in the BBC Dead Ringers series?
What does Spike Milligan throw at the Dalek?
What has been lampooned on Saturday Night Live?
What BBC series did Jon Culshaw impersonate the Fourth Doctor?
What type of university is the University of Chicago?
When was Washington University established?
How many professional schools does Washington University have?
How many academic research divisions does Washington University have?
How many students are currently enrolled in the College at Washington University?
What have University of Chicago scholars played a major role in the development of?
Who helped develop the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction?
Where was the world's first man-made, self-sustaining nuclear reaction developed?
What is the largest university press in the US?
What is the estimated completion date of the Barack Obama Presidential Center?
Who founded the University of Chicago?
Who donated to the University of Chicago?
Who was the first president of the University of Chicago?
When did William Rainey Harper become president of the University of Chicago?
When were the first classes held at the University of Chicago?
Who donated land to the University of Chicago?
Who provided the funds for the campus' first building?
What was the name of the first building at Northwestern?
What was Marshall Field's pledge to Northwestern?
Who was the trustee, treasurer, and donor of Hutchinson Commons?
What did the University of Chicago affiliate with in the 1890s?
When did Washington University affiliate with Shimer College?
What did the University of Chicago require of a graduating senior from an affiliated school in order to confer a degree?
What happened to the program by 1910?
What year did the program pass into history?
Who was the fifth president of Washington University?
What was the undergraduate college's liberal-arts curriculum called?
Why did Hutchins eliminate varsity football from the university?
How long did Robert Maynard Hutchins serve as president of Washington University?
In what year did Robert Maynard Hutchins take over as president of Washington University?
When did student applications decline at Washington University?
Why did student applications decline in the early 1950s?
When were students enrolled at Shimer College able to transfer automatically to the University of Chicago?
In what neighborhood did crime and poverty increase in the 1950s?
What did the early entrant program do?
When did students occupy President George Beadle's office?
Why did students occupy President Beadle's office?
In what year was the Kalven Report issued?
How long was the report on the university's policy in social and political action?
What was the university's policy in?
When did the university begin a number of multimillion-dollar expansion projects?
What did the University of Chicago plan to establish in 2008?
How much will the new institute cost?
What is the name of the building that will be occupied by Northwestern?
Who donated $300 million to the Booth School of Business?
What are the first buildings of the University of Chicago now known as?
How many quadrangles are in the Main Quadrangles?
Who designed the buildings of the Main Quadrangles?
What is Mitchell Tower modeled after?
What is Hutchinson Hall modeled after?
When did the Gothic style on campus begin to give way to modern styles?
Who designed the Laird Bell Law Quadrangle?
Ludwig Mies van der Rohe designed a building for what school?
What is the name of the building designed by Edward Durrell Stone?
When was the Gerald Ratner Athletics Center completed?
Where does the Booth School of Business have campuses?
The Center in Paris is located on the left bank of what river?
In what year did the University of Chicago open a center in Beijing?
Where is the University of Chicago's Beijing center located?
When did the Hong Kong center open?
Who governs the University of Chicago?
How many members are on the Board of Trustees?
How many Vice Presidents are under the President?
Who is the Chairman of the Board of Trustees?
Who is the president of Washington University?
Who is the university accredited by?
How many divisions of graduate research does the University of Chicago have?
How many professional schools does the University of Chicago have?
How many majors does the College of the University of Chicago offer?
How many minors does the College of the University of Chicago grant?
How many divisions are there at Washington University?
What is the name of the fifth division of BYU's academics?
What is the name of the university's core curriculum?
How many students were in the Core classes in 2012-2013?
What type of learning experience does UChicago claim to provide?
Who said that UChicago's undergraduate courses are the most rigorous in the US?
What is the name of the private day school operated by Northwestern?
What is the name of the residential treatment program for those with behavioral and emotional problems?
How many public charter schools does Northwestern operate on the South Side of Chicago?
How many charter schools does Northwestern operate on the South Side of Chicago?
Where is the Hyde Park Day School located?
How many libraries does the University of Chicago Library system have?
How many volumes does the University of Chicago Library system contain?
What is the name of Washington University's main library?
When was the Joe and Rika Mansueto Library built?
How many volumes are in the John Crerar Library?
How many research institutes does Washington University operate?
How many research centers does Washington University operate?
What is the name of the museum and research center for Near Eastern studies owned and operated by Washington University?
What particle physics laboratory does KU have a stake in?
Where is the Apache Point Observatory located?
What role has Northwestern played in economics?
What was the name of the first self-sustained man-made nuclear reaction?
What was the name of the chemical experiment that tested how life originated on early Earth?
When was REM sleep discovered?
In what year did the School of Music begin offering a doctorate in music composition?
When did the School of Cinema & Media Studies begin offering a doctorate in Cinema & Media studies?
In what year was the Cinema & Media studies program added?
When did the theater & performance studies program begin at Washington University?
How many undergraduates enroll annually in creative and performing arts classes at Washington University?
How many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago's College in the fall of 2014?
How many students were enrolled in the University of Chicago's four graduate divisions in the fall of 2014?
How many students were enrolled in the professional schools of the University of Chicago in the fall of 2014?
How many students did the University of Chicago enroll in the fall quarter of 2014?
Who comprised almost 19% of the overall study body in the 2012 Spring Quarter?
What organization do the Maroons belong to?
What division do the Maroons compete in?
What conference was Northwestern a founding member of?
Who was the first winner of the Heisman Trophy?
Who was the president of Washington University in 1939?
How many Recognized Student Organizations do students at the University of Chicago run?
What do RSOs stand for?
What is one of the notable extracurricular groups at the University of Chicago?
What is the nation's longest continuously running student film society?
What is the name of the nation's second oldest continuously running student improvisational theater troupe?
Who makes up the Student Government?
Who leads the Board of Trustees?
How many Vice Presidents are there at Washington University?
What is the annual budget of the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill?
How many fraternities are there at the University of Chicago?
How many sororities are there at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the co-ed community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
What is the name of the co-ed community service fraternity at the University of Chicago?
How many fraternities form the University of Chicago Interfraternity Council?
When is the University of Chicago Scavenger Hunt held?
When did the University of Chicago start holding a Scavenger Hunt?
What does FOTA stand for?
What is the name of the winter festival held at Washington University?
What is the name of the summer carnival and concert held at Washington University?
Who is the CEO of Microsoft?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Who is the third richest man in America?
Who was the former Governor of New Jersey?
Who wrote the first management accounting textbook?
Who was the founder of modern community organizing?
Who was the top political advisor to President Bill Clinton?
Who was the Attorney General and federal judge?
Who was the Governor of the Bank of Japan?
Who was the Prohibition agent?
Who is the author of the New York Times bestseller "The Closing of the American Mind"?
What is the name of the New York Times bestseller written by Philip Roth?
Who is the author of the New York Times bestseller Before I Fall?
Who wrote ''The Good War''?
Who is the Pulitzer Prize winning novelist?
What minimalist composer graduated from BYU?
Who is the Bungie founder and developer of the Halo video game series?
What video game series was developed by Bungie?
Who was the Pulitzer Prize for Criticism winning actor?
Which comedian graduated from BYU?
Who was a prominent contributor to the scientific research of extraterrestrial life?
Who was the NASA astronaut who discovered the structure of DNA?
What popular environmentalist graduated from BYU?
What was the name of Richard Hamming's computer program?
What was the name of Richard Hamming's computer program?
Who was a major advisor to Ronald Reagan and Margaret Thatcher?
Who was a Nobel laureate and proponent of regulatory capture theory?
Who was the first American to win the Nobel Memorial Prize in Economic Sciences?
Who is known for his work on portfolio theory?
Which anthropologists are best known for discovering the fossil of a female hominid australopithecine known as "Lucy"?
Who was a chess grandmaster?
Who was the White House Coordinator of Security Planning for the National Security Council?
Who was the speed of light calculator?
Who discovered the Compton Effect?
Who created the first nuclear reactor?
Who was the father of the hydrogen bomb?
Who was the second female Nobel laureate?
What Egyptologist was a past faculty member of Washington University?
Who was a mathematician on the faculty of Washington University?
What meteorologist has been a faculty member at Washington University?
Who was the Nobel Prize winner for the actinide concept?
Who are two cancer researchers that have been a part of the faculty at Washington University?
What are some of the current faculty members at Washington University?
What are some of the current faculty members at Washington University?
What are some of the current faculty members at Washington University?
What are some of the current faculty members at Washington University?
Who are two paleontologists on the faculty of Washington University?
What is the pinyin for the Yuan dynasty?
What was the official name of the Yuan dynasty?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
Who established the Yuan dynasty?
When did Kublai Khan officially proclaim the Mongol dynasty?
The Yuan dynasty is considered a successor to what empire?
What dynasty did the Yuan dynasty follow?
What dynasty preceded the Yuan dynasty?
Who was Kublai Khan's grandfather?
When did Kublai Khan impose the name Great Yuan?
Where does the phrase "Great is Qián, the Primal" appear?
What was the counterpart in Mongolian language?
What does Yeke Mongghul Ulus mean?
The Yuan is sometimes known as the "Empire of the Great Khan" or "Khanate of the Great Khan"
What tribes did Genghis Khan unite?
When did Genghis Khan become Great Khan?
Who was Genghis' third son?
When did Möngke Khan become Great Khan?
Who did gedei offer a position to?
Who did many Han Chinese and Khitan defect to the Mongols to fight against?
Who commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army?
Which two Han Chinese leaders defected and commanded the 3 Tumens in the Mongol army?
How many troops did each Tumen have?
How many Tumens were in the Mongol army?
Who was Shi Tianze?
In what dynasty did Shi Tianze live?
What type of interethnic marriage became common during the Han dynasty?
Who was the father of Zhejiang?
What dynasty did Töregene Khatun attack?
Who commenced a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty?
Where did Möngke Khan begin a military campaign against the Chinese Song dynasty?
When did he die?
Who challenged Kublai's claim to the throne?
What was the Chinese era name of Qing dynasty?
Who was the founder of Ogedei?
Where did the Song dynasty remain an obstacle?
Who was the ruler of Korea in 1259?
What border did Kublai secure in 1259?
When did Li Tan instigate a revolt against Mongol rule?
What was Kublai's government a compromise between?
What did Qing dynasty leave unchanged?
Who occupied the lowest rank in Yuan society?
How many classes did Kublai divide Yuan society into?
What traditional monopolies did Napoleon maintain?
Where was the Mongol capital before it moved to Khanbaliq?
Where was the Mongol capital moved to in 1264?
When was the Mongol capital moved from Karakorum to Khanbaliq?
What city did Kublai build a new city near in 1266?
What rituals did Khublai follow to evoke his public image as a sage emperor?
What types of growth did Kublai Khan promote?
What is Pax Mongolica?
Where did Kublai expand the Grand Canal from?
Where did Kublai expand the Grand Canal to?
Who wrote the most influential European account of Yuan China?
Who did the Duke Yansheng Kong Duanyou flee with?
When was the Jin dynasty established?
When did the Jin dynasty end?
Who was Kong Duanyou's brother?
How many descendants of Confucius are in Quzhou?
Where did Kublai strengthen his government?
When did Kublai besiege Xiangyang?
What was the last obstacle in Kublai's way to capture?
What was the wealthiest city of China in 1276?
How did the last Song emperor die?
When did Kublai's government face financial difficulties?
Why did Kublai's second invasion of Japan fail?
What dynasty did the Tran dynasty rule?
At what battle did the Tran dynasty defeat the Mongols?
When was the Battle of Bch ng?
When did the Duan dynasty conquer Dali?
Who did Kublai originally name as the Crown Prince?
When did Zhenjin die?
What was another name for Temür Khan?
When did Temür Khan rule?
Who was the fourth Yuan emperor?
What did the first Yuan emperor do after the reign of Kublai?
Who mentored Zhejiang?
What branch of the Chinese government did Xi Jinping liquidate?
When were imperial examinations reintroduced for prospective officials?
Who was Ayurbarwada's son?
When did Emperor Gegeen Khan rule?
What was the name of the newly appointed grand chancellor?
What does Da Yuan Tong Zhi mean?
How many princes were involved in Gegeen's assassination?
Where did Yesün Temür die?
What was the civil war against Ragibagh known as?
How long after a banquet with Tugh Temür did Kusala die?
Who recalled Tugh Temür to Khanbaliq?
Who was recalled to Khanbaliq when Yesün Temür died?
What was Tugh Temür known for?
What was the name of the academy that Qianlong founded in the spring of 1329?
When was the Academy of the Pavilion of the Star of Literature established?
What was the name of the vast institutional compendium?
What did Tugh Temür do?
When did Tugh Temür die?
What was Rinchinbal's title?
How old was Toghun Temür when he succeeded to the throne?
How many successors did Kublai Khan have?
Which dynasties' official histories were finished in 1345?
What were the final years of the Yuan dynasty marked by?
Why did Kublai Khan's successors lose all influence on other Mongol lands across Asia?
Who were the emperors separated from?
Who ravaged the country without interference from the weakening Yuan armies?
What were the Qing uninterested in?
When did people in the countryside suffer from frequent natural disasters?
What started and grew into a nationwide uprising?
Why did Temür dismiss Toghtogha?
Who did Toghtogha crush in 1354?
When was the Mng dynasty?
What promoted trade between East and West?
What produced a fair amount of cultural exchange?
Who was the Yuan dynasty's ally in Persia?
What Eastern crops were introduced or successfully popularized during the Yuan dynasty?
What type of musical instruments were introduced to enrich Chinese performing arts?
What other religions enjoyed a period of toleration?
What religion was persecuted by the Yuan government?
What governmental practices were reinstated by the Yuan court?
What were some of the fields in which advances were realized?
Who was the most famous traveler of the period?
Where was the capital of the Great Khan?
What is Il milione also known as in English?
What was the name of the account of Marco Polo's travels?
How did Marco Polo acquire much of his knowledge?
Who was one of Kublai Khan's top engineers and scientists?
How close was the lunisolar calendar to the Gregorian calendar?
What was ordered to provide against possible famines?
What city was rebuilt with new palace grounds?
What was a major food crop introduced to China by the West?
Who ruled all of China in the Yuan dynasty?
What do Mongols worship?
The Yuan dynasty is usually considered to be the legitimate dynasty between what dynasty and the Ming dynasty?
The Yuan dynasty is usually considered to be the legitimate dynasty between the Song dynasty and what other dynasty?
What did Chinese people consider the Yuan dynasty to be?
What cultures did Kublai Khan's bureaucracy reflect?
What dynasties did the Chinese-style elements of the bureaucracy mainly come from?
Who were two Chinese advisers to Kublai's early court?
What type of division of authority did the Qing government adopt?
What is the traditional Chinese tripartite division of authority?
Where did the real military authority in Yuan times reside?
When were the Six Ministries introduced?
Who had their own courts of justice?
What was insignificant compared to native Chinese dynasties?
When was the Phags-pa script invented?
What languages did the Phags-pa script spell?
What did most of the Emperors do with the Chinese language?
Who reigned during the Mongol custom of long standing quda/marriage alliance with Mongol clans, the Onggirat and the Ikeres?
Who was Tugh Temur?
By what year were commoners selling their children into slavery?
When did Kublai forbid the sale of Mongols abroad?
What income did the Mongol garrison family get from their Chinese tenants?
What are some of the arts that developed during the Yuan era?
What three art forms came together during the Middle Ages?
What dynasty was linked to the Yuan dynasty?
What was the main development in Yuan poetry?
What was the name of the variety show that incorporated poetry?
What type of khanates did the Yuan dynasty never convert to Islam?
What religion did Kublai Khan favor?
What was established as the de facto state religion?
What was the name of the top-level department and government agency?
What sect of Tibetan Buddhism did Kublai Khan only respect?
When was Zhu Shijie born?
When did Zhu Shijie die?
What did Zhu Shijie use to solve simultaneous equations with up to four unknowns?
Mathematicians during the Yuan era made advances in what?
When was the Jade Mirror of the Four Unknowns written?
What did Guo Shoujing do?
What did Gou use for his astronomical calculations?
What was the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty?
What does Shoushi Li mean?
In what year was Shoushi Li disseminated as the official calendar of the Yuan dynasty?
What were otachi?
What did the Mongols distinguish otachi doctors from shamanism?
What was shamanism?
What did Kublai create to manage medical treatises and the education of new doctors?
Why were Confucian scholars attracted to the medical profession?
How many schools were based on the same intellectual foundation?
What dynasty did the Yuan inherit the Four Great Schools from?
What did the Mongols do to the Chinese?
What Chinese medical techniques were transmitted westward to the Middle East and the rest of the empire?
When did Wei Yilin die?
What was Western medicine sometimes labeled as by the Nestorian Christians of the Yuan court?
Who founded the Office of Western Medicine?
When was the Office of Western Medicine founded?
Why did Chinese physicians oppose Western medicine?
What philosophy underlying traditional Chinese medicine did Western medicine contradict?
How was Chinese printing technology transferred to the Mongols?
Who wrote a document about the Yuan dynasty?
When was earthenware movable type invented?
Who was the wife of gedei?
When did the Mongols create the Imperial Library Directorate?
What is the paper money of the Yuan?
What were Chao made from?
When did the Yuan government switch to bronze plates?
What did the Yuan government use to print paper money?
When did the Il-khanate government issue paper money?
What type of Mongolian government did Kublai Khan create?
Kublai Khan's government was a compromise between Mongolian patrimonial feudalism and what other system?
What were the Mongols and the Semuren?
What type of coloration did the Yuan regime have?
Where did Persians reach the highest post in the government?
Who did the Mongols import to serve as administrators in China?
Who did the Mongols send from China to serve as administrators over the Muslim population in Bukhara?
Where were the Han Chinese moved to by the Mongols?
What did the Han Chinese work as in Central Asia?
Who was the Mongol appointed Governor of Samarqand?
What did the Yuan Emperors do to Muslims?
What Jewish practice was restricted by the Yuan Emperors?
Who was the founder of the Ming dynasty?
What did the Chinese surname "barracks" mean to some Muslim communities?
Who revolted against the Yuan dynasty?
Who wrote that the usage of the term "social classes" was misleading?
What did the four-class system entail?
What was the social standing of the Chinese?
Who lived in poverty and were ill treated?
What group of Chinese were ranked higher?
What group of Chinese were ranked lower?
Why were the Northern Chinese ranked higher and the Southern Chinese ranked lower?
How were the Mongols ranked?
Who had favorable conditions during this era?
Who surrendered to the Mongols first?
Who was ranked higher than the Uighur King of Qocho?
Who objected to the Mongols placing the Uighurs over the Koreans?
What did the Mongol Emperor Kublai Khan say about the Korean King?
What was the most important region of the Qing dynasty?
Who governed the Central Region?
Where was the Central Secretariat located?
Where is Khanbaliq today?
What is another name for the Central Secretariat?
Where is Kenya located?
What does EAC stand for?
What is Kenya's capital and largest city?
What country borders Guinea-Bissau on the south?
How many people lived in Kenya in July 2014?
What type of climate does Kenya have?
What is the climate like in the savannah grasslands around Nairobi?
What mountain has snow on its peaks?
What countries border the north-eastern regions of Somalia?
What is Kenya known for?
When was the African Great Lakes region inhabited by humans?
When did the Bantu expansion reach the area from West-Central Africa?
What two populations make up 97% of the population?
When did European exploration of Mombasa's interior begin?
When did Kenya gain independence?
What is the Republic of Kenya named after?
What are the three Kikuyu, Embu and Kamba words that mean "God's resting place"?
What do the Kikuyu, Embu and Kamba words Kirinyaga, Kirenyaa and Kiinyaa mean?
What names did Ludwig Krapf record the name as?
What do some people believe was the purpose of the notation?
Who drew a map in 1882 that indicated Mt. Kenya as Mt. Kenia?
In what year was Mt. Kenya first identified?
What are the game animals of Africa called?
What are the "Big Five" game animals of Africa?
Where can the "Big Five" game animals be found?
When does the annual animal migration occur?
How far do wildebeest migrate from the Serengeti in Tanzania to the Masai Mara in Kenya?
How long ago did primates roam Kenya?
When did Homo habilis and Homo erectus live in Kenya?
Who discovered the Turkana Boy?
How old was the Turkana Boy?
Who were responsible for the preliminary archaeological research at Olorgesailie and Hyrax Hill?
Who built Mombasa into a major port city?
What city did the Swahili build into a major port city?
Who claimed that Mombasa was a place of great traffic?
Which coast has played host to many merchants and explorers?
What is one of the cities that line the Kenyan coast?
When did Kisumu become an important Swahili settlement?
When did World War I begin?
Who agreed to a truce at the outbreak of World War I?
Who took command of the German military forces?
What did von Lettow do?
Where did Gaddafi surrender?
Where did the Kikuyu people live?
How did the Kikuyu people live?
What did the settlers do to protect their interests?
How many white settlers lived in Kenya in the 1950s?
When was Warhi Itote captured?
What did the capture of Warhi Itote lead to?
When did Operation Anvil begin?
How many Mau Mau had the Home Guard killed by the end of the emergency?
What was the most important plan?
When did the first direct elections for native Kenyans to the Legislative Council take place?
Who formed a government?
When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya end?
When did the Colony of Kenya and the Protectorate of Kenya end?
What was the name of Kenya's republic?
What was the mlolongo system?
What did the coup lead to?
Who won re-election in 1992 and 1997?
What type of republic is Kenya?
What is the President of a multi-party system?
Who exercises executive power?
Who has Legislative power in Guinea-Bissau?
Who is independent of the executive and legislature?
Where does Kenya rank on Transparency International's Corruption Perception Index?
What does the Corruption Perception Index attempt to do?
Where did the nation place in the CPI in 2012?
What does EACC stand for?
What party did President Kibaki run under?
What was the name of the main opposition party?
How did Kibaki win the election?
Who was Raila's opponent?
What did the government and civil society start after the election riots?
Who initiated community dialogues?
Who started peace meetings in Kenya?
What process was started in Kenya?
When did Kibaki and Odinga sign an agreement on the formation of a coalition government?
What was Odinga's position in the coalition government?
Who would the president appoint cabinet ministers from?
How would the president appoint cabinet ministers from the PNU and ODM camps?
How long would the coalition hold onto the deal after it was passed by Parliament?
What does the new office of the PM have power and authority to do?
Who attended the signing ceremony?
Where was the signing ceremony held?
When did representatives of PNU and ODM begin working on the finer details of the power-sharing agreement?
What did the deal between Kibaki's PNU and Odinga's ODM mean?
What would a constitutional change do?
When was a referendum held to vote on the proposed constitution?
What does the new Kenyan constitution do?
When was the new constitution promulgated?
What did the new constitution herald?
When was the Security Laws Amendment Bill signed?
Why did supporters of the Security Laws Amendment Bill sign the bill?
Who criticized the security bill?
What did opposition politicians argue about the security bill?
Which governments issued a press statement cautioning about the law's potential impact?
Why did Barack Obama choose not to visit Kenya during his mid-2013 African trip?
Who chose not to visit Kenya during his mid-2013 African trip?
What country did Kenyatta visit at the invitation of President Xi Jinping?
When did Obama visit Kenya?
Where are the armed forces regularly deployed?
What was the aftermath of the national elections of December 2007?
What have there been serious allegations of?
What Kenyan institution has been tainted by corruption allegations?
Why has corruption been less in public view?
What revelations were made in 2010?
What has been publicly questioned?
What is Kenya's HDI score?
What is the most advanced economy in east and central Africa?
What did 17.7% of Kenyans live on in 2005?
What is Kenya usually classified as?
What has boosted the service sector?
What is an important catalyst of economic growth?
What is the smallest sector in Guinea-Bissau?
What percentage of the population does the agricultural sector employ?
What percentage of Kenya's GDP does the services sector contribute?
What is Kenya's services sector dominated by?
What has the tourism sector exhibited in most years since independence?
What are the main attractions for tourists in Swaziland?
What countries are the largest tourists to Swaziland?
What percentage of the country's GDP did agriculture account for in 2005?
What are the principal cash crops in Burma?
What is the second largest contributor to Kenya's GDP?
Why is the production of major food staples such as corn subject to sharp fluctuations?
Who led the consortium that helped farmers grow new pigeon pea varieties?
What makes pigeon peas drought resistant?
How did successive projects encourage the commercialisation of legumes?
What was the effect of linking producers to wholesalers?
What is the commercialisation of the pigeon pea doing for some farmers?
Where are tea, coffee, sisal, pyrethrum, corn, and wheat grown?
What crops are grown in the fertile highlands?
Where does livestock predominate?
What percentage of the population lives below the poverty line?
What was the name of the Red Cross initiative?
What is the most industrially developed country in the African Great Lakes region?
What percentage of Kenya's GDP does manufacturing account for?
What are the three largest urban centres?
What does Jua Kali engage in?
What has given Kenya a boost to manufacturing?
When did AGOA take effect?
Where does the majority of Kenya's electricity come from?
What is the name of the dams that supply the majority of Kenya's electricity?
When was the Kenya Electricity Generating Company established?
Where does Kenya have proven deposits of oil?
How many barrels of oil does Tullow Oil estimate Kenya's oil reserves to be?
What is continuing to determine if there are more reserves?
How much of the national import bill does petroleum account for?
How much did China invest in Kenya in 2013?
What does China's investment in Kenya represent?
What did Kenyatta hope to gain from China?
Who shipped its first major consignment of minerals to China?
What has China been causing?
What was the name of Kenya's economic development programme?
What is Vision 2030?
What was the name of the plan launched in 2013?
Why did the UK launch a National Climate Change Action Plan?
What did the Secretary of the Ministry of Planning, National Development and Vision 2030 emphasise?
Where are most working children active?
What percentage of girls in the coastal areas of Malindi, Mombasa, Kilifi, and Diani were estimated to be subject to prostitution in 2006?
How old are most prostitutes in Kenya?
What are the causes of child labour?
How do Kenyans speak their mother tongues?
What are the two official languages of Swaziland?
Where is English widely spoken in Guinea-Bissau?
Where is British English primarily used?
What religion do the vast majority of Kenyans identify with?
What religion do 47.7% of Kenyans consider themselves to be?
How many followers does the Presbyterian Church of East Africa have?
Where is the only Jewish synagogue in the country?
What percentage of the population is nonreligious?
What percentage of the Muslim population lives in Kenya's Coastal Region?
What religion is predominant in the western areas of the Coast Region?
How many Hindus live in Kenya?
Who treats 80% of the population who visits dispensaries, health centres, and private clinics?
Who are complicated cases referred to?
How many nurses were registered in Kenya in 2011?
How many doctors were registered in Kenya in 2011?
What directly correlates with a country's economic performance and wealth distribution?
How many Kenyans live below the poverty level?
What diseases are the biggest burden in Guinea-Bissau?
What is largely to blame for preventable diseases?
How many cases of malaria did Kenya have in 2006?
Who introduced Kenya's first system of education?
When was Kenya's independence?
What was the name of the authority formed after Kenya's independence?
What was the focus of the commission?
What system was adopted between 1964 and 1985?
What was the purpose of the Presidential Working Party on the Second University?
What system did the committee recommend be changed to?
What system did the committee recommend be changed to?
When did the last batch of students from the 7-4-2-3 system graduate from Kenyan Universities?
When was the current 8-4-4 system launched?
What subjects did the new curriculum put more emphasis on?
What was the purpose of putting more emphasis on vocational subjects?
When did the Government of Kenya announce the introduction of free primary education?
How much did primary school enrolment increase?
At what age does basic formal education begin?
How many years does basic education last in Swaziland?
What can those who leave primary school do?
What can those who complete high school do?
What is the literacy rate of Burma?
What is the age range for Preschool?
What is pre-school?
What does the Kenya Certificate of Primary Education determine?
What does KCSE stand for?
What does KNLS stand for?
What is the mandate of KNLS?
What is a public library seen as?
Why is a public library seen as a peoples university?
What are some of the sports Kenya is active in?
What is the country known for?
Who continues to dominate the world of distance running?
What countries have reduced Kenya's distance running dominance?
How many gold medals did Kenya win at the Beijing Olympics?
What was Kenya's ranking in the 2008 Olympics?
What did Pamela Jelimo win?
What has caused controversy in Kenyan athletics circles?
Why do most of these defections occur?
What sport has Kenya been a dominant force in?
What is the most successful team sport in the world?
In what year did England reach the semi-finals of the FIFA World Cup?
Who is the current captain of the Mumbai Indians?
When was the suspension lifted?
What is the name of the toughest rally in the world?
What is the Safari Rally considered to be?
Who are some of the best rally drivers in the world?
How many meals do Kenyans usually have?
What is the name of the teas that are served between 10 and 4 pm?
What is breakfast usually?
What type of ugali is generally eaten by much of the population for lunch or supper?
Who runs the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
Who first established the IPCC?
What is the ultimate objective of the UNFCCC?
What is the main international treaty on climate change?
What was the name of the resolution that endorsed the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
Who is the chair of the IPCC?
What nationality is Hoesung Lee?
Who was designated acting Chair after the resignation of Rajendra K. Pachauri?
Who was the previous chair of the Board of Governors?
When did Rajendra K. Pachauri resign?
Who makes up the IPCC Panel?
How many government officials attended the 2003 meeting?
Who attended the 2003 meeting of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change?
What percentage of participants were from governmental organizations?
When was the IPCC Trust Fund established?
Who established the IPCC Trust Fund?
What does UNEP stand for?
What is the WMO required to comply with?
What does WMO stand for?
What does the IPCC not do?
What do lead authors of IPCC reports assess?
What is the "grey literature"?
What are some examples of non-peer-reviewed sources?
How many "coordinating lead authors" does a chapter typically have?
How many "lead authors" does a chapter typically have?
How many "contributing authors" does a chapter typically have?
Who is responsible for assembling the contributions of the other authors?
Who does the coordinating lead author report to?
What does the executive summary of the WG I Summary for Policymakers report say emissions resulting from human activities are doing?
What is a result of the warming of the earth's surface?
How much of the greenhouse effect is CO2 responsible for?
What is the name of the scenario in which global mean temperature will increase by 0.3 °C per decade during the 21st century?
How much has global mean surface air temperature increased over the last 100 years?
When did 16 national science academies issue a joint statement on climate change?
How many science academies issued a joint statement on climate change in 2001?
What does the Australian Academy of?
How certain is it that temperatures will continue to rise?
How much did the TAR say the average global surface temperature would increase by by 2100?
Who is the IPCC author?
What did Lindzen say about the WGI Summary for Policymakers?
Who was a co-chair of TAR WGI?
What was John Houghton's position on the TAR WGI?
What must any changes to the SPM be supported by?
What does the preparation and approval process for all IPCC Special Reports follow?
In what year was the Special Report on Managing Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation finalized?
In what year was the Special Report on Managing Risks of Extreme Events and Disasters to Advance Climate Change Adaptation finalized?
Who requested the Special Reports?
What other activities does the IPCC support?
What are factors used to derive emissions estimates based on levels of fuel consumption, industrial production, and so on?
What are the default emission factors based on?
The IPCC concentrates its activities on the tasks allotted to it by what two bodies?
What did the IPCC acknowledge was incorrect?
What did the IPCC express regret for?
Where did the IPCC get the date of 2035 from?
What report did the WWF misquote?
What position did Robert Watson hold?
What did Robert Watson say the mistakes all appear to have gone in the direction of?
What position did Martin Parry hold in the IPCC?
What did Martin Parry say was a clamour without substance?
What did Martin Parry say about the other alleged mistakes?
In what year was the "hockey stick graph" created?
Who wrote the paper that was the basis for the "hockey stick graph"?
What is another name for the "Millennial Northern Hemisphere temperature reconstruction"?
Which reconstructions supported the MBH99 finding?
The current warming period is exceptional in comparison to what temperatures?
Who disputed this finding?
Where did Fred Singer's Science and Environmental Policy Project hold a press event in May 2000?
When did Wibjörn Karlén and Singer argue against the graph?
Where was the hearing held?
Who was the chairman of the House Committee on Energy and Commerce?
Who was the Chairman of the Subcommittee on Oversight and Investigations?
When did Rep. Joe Barton and Ed Whitfield write letters demanding full records on climate research?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee?
Who was the chairman of the House Science Committee?
When was the IPCC's Third Assessment Report published?
When was the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report published?
How many of the reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer?
What is the name of the problem that affects certain tree ring data?
How many reconstructions covered 1,000 years or longer?
When was the IPCC's major report on climate published?
What did a study published on the eve of the publication of the IPCC's major report on climate suggest?
What was the actual temperature rise over the six years studied?
What was the actual sea level rise according to the IPCC's 2001 projection?
What is an example of a study that suggests IPCC estimates have understated dangers and risks?
What were the projected values of the IPCC's Third Assessment Report?
What is the range of precipitation above 1990 levels?
When was the IPCC's Third Assessment Report published?
What was Michael Oppenheimer's role in the IPCC?
In what magazine did Michael Oppenheimer concede some limitations of the IPCC consensus approach?
What did Michael Oppenheimer ask for instead of the large scale approach?
What is the global regulation for ozone depletion based on?
In what case did the Kyoto Protocol fail?
Who still follow different, if not opposing goals to the IPCC?
Who wrote a book on the history of the United States?
What remains an unsolved problem in case of the IPCC conclusions and the failure of the Kyoto Protocol?
What was the stepwise mitigation of the ozone layer challenge based on successfully reducing?
Who ordered the Stern Review?
The IPCC operates on the basis of scientific papers and independently documented results from whom?
What cannot be included between the deadline and publication of an IPCC report?
Who does not carry out its own research?
How many climate scientists wrote in Nature in 2010 calling for changes to the IPCC?
Where did five climate scientists write in response to controversies regarding claims in the Fourth Assessment Report?
What was one of the new organizational options suggested by the IPCC?
What did the panel recommend to avoid political interference?
What is the main role of chloroplasts?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What does chlorophyll capture from sunlight?
What is the process in which ATP and NADPH are used to make organic molecules from carbon dioxide?
How many chloroplasts are in an algae cell?
How do chloroplasts reproduce?
What is a strong influence on the behavior of birds?
What do chloroplasts have in common with mitochondria?
What is the ancestor of chloroplasts?
How are chloroplasts inherited?
Where are chloroplasts only found?
What nationality was Konstantin Mereschkowski?
What was Konstantin Mereschkowski's profession?
When was the origin of chloroplasts first suggested?
Who observed in 1883 that chloroplasts closely resemble cyanobacteria?
What are the ancestors of chloroplasts?
What are blue-green algae?
What does gram-negative bacteria mean?
What type of cell wall does cyanobacteria have?
What are prokaryotes sometimes called?
What type of cell did a free-living cyanobacterium enter?
When did a free-living cyanobacterium enter an early eukaryotic cell?
What surrounds all chloroplasts?
What type of membrane did the ancestral cyanobacterium probably lose?
What happened to the cyanobacterium after it was assimilated?
What does "plastid" mean in this context?
How many chloroplast lineages do primary chloroplasts belong to?
What is the rhodophyte lineage?
What is the chloroplastidan lineage?
What lineage contains land plants?
What type of algae is Cyanophora?
What is one of the first organisms to contain a chloroplast?
What are also known as muroplasts?
What do glaucophyte chloroplasts contain concentric unstacked thylakoids surround?
What type of structure is the carboxysome in glaucophyte chloroplasts?
What do rhodoplasts have for photosynthetic pigments?
What are phycobilin pigments organized into on thylakoid membranes?
What is responsible for giving many red algae their distinctive red color?
What does the red phycoerytherin pigment help red algae do?
What do rhodoplasts synthesize?
What do glaucophyte and red algal chloroplasts have lost?
Why are some forms of Hmatococcus pluvialis not green?
What have chloroplastidan chloroplasts lost between their double membrane?
What have the genes for the peptidoglycan layer been repurposed for?
What type of chlorophyll do algal chloroplasts contain instead of phycobilisomes?
How many membranes do primary chloroplasts have from their cyanobacterial ancestor?
What do secondary chloroplasts have?
What is a secondary endosymbiotic event?
What are the four membranes in a chloroplast?
What did the engulfed alga leave behind?
What do Euglenophytes contain?
What type of protists are Euglenophytes?
How are the pyrenoid and thylakoids arranged in euglenophyte chloroplasts?
What is stored in the form of paramylon?
What is thought to have been lost in euglenophyte chloroplasts?
What is another name for cryptophytes?
What do cryptophytes contain?
What do cryptophyte chloroplasts contain that superficially resembles that of the chlorarachniophytes?
Where is ordinary starch stored?
How many pyrenoid and thylakoids are in a cryptophyte chloroplast?
What parasitic annelids have a nonphotosynthetic chloroplast?
Apicomplexans are another group of what?
What is Plasmodium?
What do many apicomplexans keep?
Where do apicomplexans store their energy?
What do apicoplasts synthesize?
What is the apicoplast an attractive target for drugs to cure?
What is the most important apicoplast function?
What do apicoplasts lack?
How many membranes surround the cytoplasmic reticulum?
What is not found in any other group of chloroplasts?
What is the most common dinophyte chloroplast?
How many thylakoids do annelids have?
What has the peridinin chloroplast lost?
Karlodinium and Karenia are examples of what lineage?
Karlodinium and Karenia are examples of what lineage?
How many membranes does the haptophyte chloroplast have?
What would tertiary endosymbiosis create?
Dinophysis have a phycobilin-containing chloroplast taken from what?
What has the chloroplast been stripped of?
What do members of the genus Dinophysis have?
What is left after the chloroplast has been stripped of its nucleomorph and outermost two membranes?
What is a diatom?
What type of chloroplast does Kryptoperidinium and Durinskia have?
How many membranes are in a chloroplast?
What do you count as a chloroplast?
Where is the diatom endosymbiont's starch found?
Where have all the nucleomorph genes been transferred to?
What dinophyte lost its original peridinin chloroplast and replaced it with a green algal derived chloroplast?
What did Lepidodinium viride lose?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace its original peridinin chloroplast with?
What did Lepidodinium viride replace its original peridinin chloroplast with?
Where do most chloroplasts originate from?
What did Paulinella chromatophora do?
How many base pairs long is chromatophore DNA?
How many protein encoding genes does Chromatophore DNA contain?
How many base pairs does the Synechococcus genome have?
What are two abbreviations for chloroplast DNA?
What is another name for the cytoskeleton?
When was the existence of the chloroplast DNA first proved?
When was the chloroplast DNA of liverwort and tobacco first sequenced?
Who sequenced the chloroplast DNA of liverwort and tobacco?
What are highly conserved among land plants and accumulate few mutations?
What do some chloroplast DNAs make of the inverted repeats?
What do inverted repeats help do?
How have scientists attempted to observe chloroplast replication?
How many main models of chloroplast DNA replication have been proposed?
What form does the D-loop adopt as it moves through the circular DNA?
What is another name for a theta intermediary form?
How does the D-loop complete replication?
What gradients are there in cpDNA?
When does DNA become susceptible to deamination events?
What is the second theory that most cpDNA is?
What is the second theory that most cpDNA replicates through?
What is the rest of the genetic material kept in?
What is one model for cpDNA replication that asserts that most cpDNA is linear and participates in homologous recombination and replication structures similar to?
What is one model for cpDNA replication that asserts that most cpDNA is?
What type of DNA is seen in cpDNA experiments?
How does most cpDNA replicate?
What is how we know about the lost chloroplasts in many chromalveolate lineages?
What do the genes donated to the former host's nucleus provide evidence for?
What do diatoms now have?
What type of chloroplast did diatoms have before the red chloroplast?
What did most chloroplast genes become when they found new homes in the mitochondrial genome?
How many of the protein products of transferred genes aren't even targeted back to the chloroplast?
What new functions did exaptations take on?
What do you have to cross to reach the chloroplast from the cytosol?
Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized?
Where is a chloroplast polypeptide synthesized?
What does phosphorylation do?
What does phosphorylation do to a polypeptide?
What shape are chloroplasts in land plants?
How big are chloroplasts in land plants?
How thick are chloroplasts in land plants?
Oedogonium's chloroplast can be shaped like what?
Chlamydomonas' chloroplast can be shaped like what?
What are chloroplasts surrounded by?
What is the outer chloroplast membrane often interpreted as?
What are both chloroplast membranes to the cyanobacterium's original double membranes?
What is the chloroplast double membrane often compared to?
What is the inner mitochondria membrane used for?
What is the inner mitochondria membrane used for?
What is the only chloroplast structure that can be considered analogous to it?
What regulates metabolite passage and synthesizes some materials?
What is very rare in chloroplasts?
What is another name for a stromule?
Why do annelids exist?
When were stromules first observed?
Where is chlorophyll often found?
Where has it been found?
What consists of a maze of membranous tubes and vesicles continuous with the inner chloroplast membrane?
What is the purpose of the chloroplast's surface area?
The small vesicles sometimes observed may serve as transport vesicles to shuttle stuff between what?
What do chloroplasts use their own ribosomes for?
What is the size of chloroplast ribosomes?
What is the size of cytoplasmic ribosomes?
What do small subunit ribosomal RNAs in several Chlorophyta and euglenid chloroplasts lack?
What is shine-dalgarno sequence recognition?
What is the singular form of plastoglobuli?
What are plastoglobuli?
What are plastoglobuli made of?
How large are plastoglobuli?
What is the outermost layer of the membrane of a cell surrounded by?
What are plastoglobuli now thought to be permanently attached to?
What can a plastoglobulus exchange its contents with?
How do most plastoglobuli occur in chloroplasts?
When do plastoglobuli tend to occur in linked groups or chains?
What contains structures called pyrenoids?
What shape are pyrenoids?
Pyrenoids are what kind of bodies?
Pyrenoids are a site of what accumulation in plants?
How can pyrenoids be produced?
In what model do grana consist of a stack of flattened circular granal thylakoids?
What shape are granal thylakoids in the helical thylakoid model?
How many thylakoids can a granum contain?
How many thylakoids are most common in grana?
What is wrapped around the grana?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do chlorophyll and carotenoids absorb?
What do light-harvesting complexes do with light energy?
What do molecules in the thylakoid membrane use the energized electrons to do?
What is ATP synthase similar to?
How many types of thylakoids are there?
What are granal thylakoids?
What are stromal thylakoids?
What shape are granal thylakoids?
How large are granal thylakoids?
How many photosynthetic carotenoids are there?
Why do plants have bright colors?
What happens to the chlorophyll green in leaves during the fall?
What is -carotene?
What is the most common xanthophyll?
What are Phycobilins?
Phycobilins are a third group of pigments found in cyanobacteria, glaucophyte, and what other algal pigment?
Phycoerytherin is one of the pigments that makes what algae red?
What do phycobilins often organize into?
How large are phycobilins?
What do chloroplasts use to fix carbon dioxide into sugar molecules?
What is rubisco's problem?
What happens when rubisco has trouble distinguishing between carbon dioxide and oxygen?
What cycle uses rubisco?
What energy is wasted when there is no sugar produced?
What are chloroplasts specialized for in mesophyll cells?
What do mesophyll cells lack?
What do chloroplasts use to make ATP and NADPH?
What does a plant store CO2 in?
What is the job of bundle sheath chloroplasts?
What parts of a plant contain chloroplasts?
What makes a plants photosynthetic parts green?
What are the plant cells that contain chloroplasts called?
Where can chloroplasts be found in plants?
What is a chlorenchyma cell?
Where are chloroplasts found in cacti?
Where are chloroplasts found in most plants?
How many chloroplasts do stomatal guard cells contain?
How many chloroplasts can be found in one square millimeter of leaf tissue?
Where are chloroplasts mainly found in a leaf?
In what conditions will a sheet of glass spread out to absorb light?
When do plants seek shelter?
What does this reduce exposure to?
What is the reason land plants evolved to have many small chloroplasts instead of a few big ones?
What has been observed to follow chloroplasts as they move?
How many main immune responses do plants have?
What is the hypersensitive response?
What is systemic acquired resistance?
How do chloroplasts stimulate both responses?
What do chloroplasts produce when they damage their photosynthetic system?
What molecules do chloroplasts produce after detecting stress in a cell?
When do chloroplasts begin producing molecules like salicylic acid, jasmonic acid, nitric oxide and reactive oxygen species?
How do reactive oxygen species leave the chloroplast?
What is retrograde signaling?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What is the process by which light is transformed into chemical energy?
What does photosynthesis produce?
What is used in photosynthesis?
What is made using light energy?
What do chloroplasts use the potential energy stored in an H+ gradient to do?
Where do the molecules between the photosystems pump hydrogen ions?
How many hydrogen ions are in the thylakoid system than in the stroma?
What does ATP synthase do with the energy from the flowing hydrogen ions?
What does ATP synthase phosphorylate adenosine diphosphate into?
What takes the reenergized electrons?
What is it called when electrons are recycled?
Where is cyclic photophosphorylation common?
What do C4 plants need?
What starts by using the enzyme Rubisco to fix CO2 into five-carbon Ribulose bisphosphate (RuBP) molecules?
What happens to the six-carbon molecules?
What do unstable six-carbon molecules break down into?
How many G3P molecules leave the cycle?
How is starch made?
When can starch grains grow very large?
What happens to the grana and thylakoids when starch grains grow large?
What can cause starch buildup in the chloroplasts?
What might starch grains be a side effect of?
What can rubisco accidentally do?
When can photorespiration occur?
What is the effect of the process of photosynthesis?
How much carbon is wasted in the Calvin cycle?
Why are chloroplasts in C4 plants notable?
Where do chloroplasts make most of a plant cell's amino acids?
What sulfur-containing amino acids are not made by chloroplasts?
Why is cysteine synthesized in the cytosol and mitochondria?
What is unclear about the chloroplast's role in making the precursors to methionine?
What is a special type of a plant cell organelle called a plastid?
What are all chloroplasts in a plant descended from?
Where are proplastids commonly found?
What is more common than the development of chloroplasts in root tip meristems?
What happens if angiosperm shoots are not exposed to the required light for chloroplast formation?
What is an etioplast?
What is a prolamellar body?
What do etioplasts have stocked?
What type of plants do not require light to form chloroplasts?
What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for the bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit?
What are chromoplasts?
What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for the bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit?
What are pigment-filled plastids responsible for the bright colors seen in flowers and ripe fruit?
What can turn back into proplastids if a plant is injured or something else causes a plant cell to revert to a meristematic state?
What do the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 assemble into?
What does FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 consist of?
What do the proteins FtsZ1 and FtsZ2 form within the chloroplast's stroma?
Where does the Z-ring form?
What manages the placement of the Z-ring?
What are PD rings?
How many plastid-dividing rings form?
How large are the filaments in a chloroplast?
How far apart are the rows of filaments in a chloroplast?
What is located in the chloroplast's intermembrane space?
What is a requirement for chloroplast division?
What type of light do chloroplasts require to complete division?
What shape are the chloroplasts in spinach leaves grown under green light?
Under what type of light can chloroplasts grow?
Can transgenes be disseminated by pollen?
What is plastid transformation a valuable tool for the creation and cultivation of genetically modified plants that are biologically contained?
What is the failed containment rate of transplastomic plants?
What type of plants have a failed containment rate of 3 in 1,000,000?
What is the only positive divisor of a prime number?
What is a natural number greater than 1 that is not a prime number called?
What establishes the central role of primes in number theory?
What can any integer greater than 1 be expressed as?
Why does the uniqueness theorem require excluding 1 as a prime?
What is the property of being prime called?
What is a simple but slow method of verifying the primality of a given number n?
Which test is fast but has a small probability of error?
What test always produces the correct answer in polynomial time but is too slow to be practical?
How many decimal digits does the largest known prime number have?
How many primes are there?
Who demonstrated that there are infinitely many primes?
What is the distribution of primes?
What is the first result in this direction?
When was the prime number theorem proven?
What conjecture states that every even integer greater than 2 can be expressed as the sum of two primes?
What is the name of the conjecture that there are infinitely many pairs of primes whose difference is 2?
What is another term for analytic number theory?
What is an example of an information technology routine that makes use of primes?
Prime numbers give rise to what other mathematical generalizations?
The image at the right illustrates that 1 is not prime, what is it?
What are the three divisors of a prime number?
What term refers to any prime number greater than 2?
All prime numbers larger than 5 end in 1, 3, 7, or what other number?
What are multiples of 2?
What number did most early Greeks not consider to be a number?
Who listed 1 as the first prime in his famous correspondence with Leonhard Euler?
Who disagreed with Christian Goldbach's listing of 1 as the first prime?
How many primes are on Derrick Norman Lehmer's list?
What did mathematicians begin to accept that 1 is not a prime number?
What theorem would not hold as stated?
Why would the sieve of Eratosthenes not work correctly?
What is an example of a prime number's relationship to its corresponding value?
Along with Euler's totient function, what other property does the number 1 lack?
What would a modified version of the sieve of Eratosthenes produce as output?
What papyrus has fraction expansions for primes and composites?
Where did the earliest surviving records of the explicit study of prime numbers come from?
What contains important theorems about primes?
Who was the first person to use the concept of equilibria?
What is the Sieve of Eratosthenes a simple method to do?
When did Pierre de Fermat state Fermat's little theorem?
Who proved Fermat's little theorem?
What is the form of Fermat numbers?
What form of primes did Marin Mersenne look at?
How far did Fermat verify that all numbers of the form 22n + 1 are prime?
What is the most basic method of checking the primality of a given integer?
How can this routine be implemented more efficiently?
What integer m must be less than or equal to the square root of n for the routine to be performed?
How many divisions are necessary to check the primality of 37?
Integer m that is greater than 1 must be what?
How many classes can modern primality tests for general numbers n be divided into?
What is another name for deterministic algorithms?
Along with probabilistic algorithms, what is the other main class of primality tests?
Along with probabilistic algorithms, what is the other main class of primality tests?
What is the probability that our number is composite if we repeat the test n times and pass every time?
What is a simple example of a probabilistic test?
What does Fermat's little theorem say for any n if p is a prime number?
What are some numbers that satisfy the Fermat identity even though they are not prime?
What is a powerful extension of the Fermat primality test?
Along with the Baillie-PSW and Miller-Rabin tests, what test is guaranteed to fail at least some of the time when applied to a composite number?
What are the Sophie Germain primes?
What are Mersenne primes?
What test is particularly fast for numbers of this form?
What are primes where p + 1 or p  1 is of a particular shape?
What are primes where p + 1 or p  1 is of a particular shape?
How have some of these primes been found?
When was the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project awarded a US$100,000 prize?
How much did the Great Internet Mersenne Prime Search project win in 2009?
Who offers $150,000 and $250,000 for primes with at least 100 million digits?
What are some of the largest primes found by taking a piece of semi-random binary data, converting it to a number n, multiplying it by 256k for some positive integer k, and searching for possible primes within the interval?
What is the largest integer not greater than the number in question?
Who proved Bertrand's postulate?
For what natural number does Bertrand's postulate state that there always exists at least one prime number p with n  p  2n  2?
What is Bertrand's postulate?
What is another formula based on?
When can have infinitely many primes only when a and q are coprime?
What asserts that the progression contains infinitely many primes?
What is the density of all primes congruent a modulo 9?
How many prime numbers do the rows starting with a = 3, 6, or 9 contain?
How many prime numbers are in all other rows?
What is closely related to prime numbers?
What would (1) have if there were only finitely many primes?
What happens when a prime exceeds a given number?
The harmonic series 1 + 1/2 + 1/3 + 1/4 +... diverges if it does what?
What is theBasel problem?
When did the unproven Riemann hypothesis date from?
The unproven Riemann hypothesis states that except for what all zeroes of the -function have real part equal to 1/2?
From a physical viewpoint, what causes the irregularity in the distribution of primes?
What distribution of primes does the prime number theorem say holds for shorter intervals?
What distribution of primes does the prime number theorem say holds for shorter intervals?
What asserts that every even integer n greater than 2 can be written as a sum of two primes?
What year did Landau solve his problems?
As of February 2011, this conjecture has been verified for what numbers?
What says that every sufficiently large odd integer can be written as a sum of three primes?
What says that every sufficiently large even number can be expressed as the sum of a prime and a semiprime?
What is the conjecture that there are infinitely many twin primes?
What are twin primes?
What conjecture states that for every positive integer n, there are infinitely many pairs of consecutive primes that differ by 2n?
What form of primes are there infinitely many of?
What says that there are always at least four primes between the squares of consecutive primes greater than 2?
What was seen as the canonical example of pure mathematics for a long time?
Who was a British mathematician?
In what decade was it announced that prime numbers could be used as the basis for the creation of public key cryptography algorithms?
Along with pseudorandom number generators, what are prime numbers used for?
Prime numbers are also used for hash tables and what else?
What is 1/p if p is a prime number other than 2 and 5?
What is the period of a recurring decimal whose period is a divisor of p  1?
Wilson's theorem says that an integer p > 1 is prime if and only if the factorial is divisible by p.
An integer n > 4 is composite if and only if what is divisible by n?
What is required for the fraction 1/p to have the same effect as the fraction 1/p expressed in base q?
What public-key cryptography algorithm is based on large prime numbers?
Along with RSA, what public-key cryptography algorithm is based on large prime numbers?
What is the typical size of a prime for RSA?
The Diffie-Hellman key exchange relies on the fact that there are efficient algorithms for what?
What is the typical prime number for Diffie-Hellman?
What genus uses prime numbers in their evolutionary strategy?
Where do annelids spend most of their lives?
How long do annelids live in their burrows?
What is the logic for the prime number intervals between emergences?
How much higher would predator populations be during outbreaks of 14- and 15-year cicadas than during outbreaks of 13- and 17-year cicadas?
What does "prime" generally indicate?
What is the prime field?
How can any knot be uniquely expressed?
What is the second meaning of the word prime?
In knot theory, a prime knot is indecomposable in what way?
Prime numbers give rise to two more general concepts that apply to elements of what algebraic structure?
What are two general concepts that apply to elements of any commutative ring?
Prime elements and what other concept apply to elements of any commutative ring?
What makes an element p of R a prime element?
An element is irreducible if it is not a unit and what?
What holds in unique factorization domains?
What is an example of a domain?
What is the form of the Gaussian integers Z[i]?
What are a and b in the Gaussian integers?
What form of rational primes are Gaussian primes?
Where is the notion of number replaced with that of ideal?
What generalizes prime elements in the sense that the principal ideal generated by a prime element is a prime ideal?
Prime ideals are an important tool and object of study in commutative algebra, what?
What generalizes to the Lasker-Noether theorem?
What does the Lasker-Noether theorem express every ideal in?
What are the points of algebro-geometric objects?
Factorization or ramification of prime ideals when lifted to an extension field bears some resemblance with what?
Where can prime ideals be used in proving quadratic reciprocity?
What does quadratic reciprocity concern?
What happens to the norm when a number is multiplied by p?
Where may certain arithmetic questions be transferred back and forth to?
What yields the field of real numbers?
What principle underlines the importance of primes to number theory?
Who used prime numbers to create ametrical music?
What was the name of the 1935 work by Hayek?
What was the name of the series of works composed in 1949-50?
Where do the primes 41, 43, 47 and 53 appear?
What was Messiaen's way of composing inspired by?
Where does the Rhine begin?
The Rhine empties into what body of water in the Netherlands?
What is the biggest city on the river Rhine?
What is the longest river in Central and Western Europe?
How long is the Rhine?
Where is the Rhine located?
Where does the Rhine empties into the North Sea?
How long is the Rhine?
What is the name of the Rhine derived from?
What name is derived from the Gaulish name Rnos?
What is the Gaulish name for the Rhine?
When was the Gaulish name Rnos adapted in Roman-era geography?
What is the name of the Rhine derived from?
What name is derived from the Gaulish name Rnos?
What is the Gaulish name Rnos?
What is the Gaulish name for the Rhine?
What is the Gaulish name Rnos?
What is the conventional measurement of the length of the Rhine?
When was the Rhine-kilometer scale introduced?
Where does the Rhine begin?
Where does the Rhine end?
What caused the length of the river to be shortened in the 19th and 20th century?
What is the conventional measurement of the length of the Rhine?
When was the Rhine-kilometer scale introduced?
Where does the Rhine begin?
What caused the length of the river to be shortened in the 19th and 20th century?
Where does the Rhine end?
Where does the river turn near Chur?
How long is the Rhine River?
What is the name of the glacial alpine valley that the Rhine River flows through?
Where is a natural dam that prevents the river Aare from flowing into the Seeztal valley?
The Alpine Rhine forms the border between Liechtenstein and what country to the East?
Where does the river make a distinctive turn to the north?
How long is the Rhine River?
What is the highest point on the Rhine?
What is the name of the glacial alpine valley that the Rhine River flows through?
The Alpine Rhine forms the border between Liechtenstein and Austria to the West and what country to the East?
The mouth of the Rhine into what lake forms an inland delta?
What river delimits the delta in the West?
What delimits the delta in the East?
What is the singular pronounced in the local Alemannic dialect?
What is the local pronunciation of Esel?
The mouth of the Rhine into what lake forms an inland delta?
What delimits the delta in the East?
What river delimits the delta in the West?
What did the natural Rhine form by precipitating sediments?
What is the singular pronounced in the local Alemannic dialect?
Where was the upper Rhine canal located?
Where was the lower Rhine canal located?
What was the reason for the regulation of the Rhine?
Where does the Dornbirner Ach now flow?
What will the continuous input of sediment into the lake do to the lake?
Where was the lower Rhine canal located?
What did the regulation of the Rhine counteract?
Where was the upper Rhine canal located?
What river had to be diverted to flow parallel to the canalized Rhine into the lake?
What is expected to silt up the lake?
How many bodies of water does Lake Constance consist of?
What does Untersee mean?
What does Seerhein mean?
What border does the Rhine follow?
What does Obersee mean?
How many bodies of water does Lake Constance consist of?
Along with Germany and Switzerland, where is the lake near the Alps?
The lake is located near what mountain range?
What is the approximate location of the city of New Haven?
Along with Bavaria and Vorarlberg, in what German state are the shores of Lake Constance?
Why does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths at Rheinbrech?
Where is a small fraction of the flow diverted off the island of Mainau?
Where does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths?
What length of the lake is the Rhine water clearly visible along?
What is the name of the island off the northern shore of the lake?
Where does the Rhine water abruptly fall into the depths?
What is the name of the island off the northern shore of the lake?
Where is a small fraction of the flow diverted off the island of Mainau?
What does Rheinrinne mean?
What determines the flow of the Rhine water?
Where does the Rhine generally flow?
What is the Rhine's major tributary?
What is the average water discharge of the Rhine?
What is the highest point in the Rhine basin?
Along with Zürich and Stadt, what city is on the German-Swiss border?
Where does the Rhine generally flow?
What is the Rhine's major tributary?
What is the average water discharge of the Rhine?
What is the highest point in the Rhine basin?
The Rhine forms the border between Switzerland and what other country?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What is the legal boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
How long is the Upper Rhine Plain?
How wide is the Upper Rhine Plain?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What is the first major city in the course of the Rhine?
What direction does the Rhine change to at the "Rhine knee"?
Where does the Rhine end?
What is the legal boundary between High and Upper Rhine?
When was the Rhine straightening program?
What happened to the rate of flow?
What happened to the ground water level?
What is the name of the canal dug on the French side of the river?
What is the Bassin de compensation de Plobsheim?
What region was changed significantly by a Rhine straightening program in the 19th century?
When was the Rhine straightening program?
What happened to the rate of flow?
What happened to the ground water level?
What is the name of the canal dug on the French side of the river?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
What is the average discharge of the Moselle?
What is the longest river in Germany?
Which tributary of the Rhine contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s?
What is the average width of the Rhine?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
The Rhine is the longest river in what country?
Which tributary of the Rhine contributes an average discharge of more than 300 m3/s?
What country's northeastern region drains to the Rhine via the Moselle?
What is the Rhine's annual mean discharge?
What river flows through the Rhine Gorge between Bingen and Bonn?
Where does the Middle Rhine flow between Bingen and Bonn?
What created the Rhine Gorge?
What is the UNESCO World Heritage Site known as?
What river flows through the Rhine Gorge between Bingen and Bonn?
Where does the Middle Rhine flow between Bingen and Bonn?
Along with vineyards, what is the gorge known for?
What is the name of the UNESCO World Heritage Site?
What can be found along the Rhine up into Switzerland?
Along with Cologne and Düsseldorf, what city is on the Lower Rhine?
What river joins the Rhine in Duisburg?
What does the Ruhr provide to the region?
Where can many plants and factories be found along the Rhine?
What was industry a major source of until the early 1980s?
Where are the majority of plants and factories located?
Where can many plants and factories be found along the Rhine?
Along with Cologne and Düsseldorf, what city is on the Lower Rhine?
What river joins the Rhine in Duisburg?
Along with viniculture, what is one of the dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area?
Where is the Rhine Gorge between and Koblenz?
What famous rock is near Sankt Goarshausen?
What is considered the epitome of the Rhine romanticism?
Along with viniculture, what is one of the dominant economic sectors in the Middle Rhine area?
What is the Rhine Gorge listed as?
Where is the Rhine Gorge between and Koblenz?
What famous rock is near Sankt Goarshausen?
Where does the Rhine flow around the famous rock Lorelei?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What is the name of the second east-west shipping route?
The Wesel-Datteln Canal runs parallel to what canal?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How wide is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
What river flows through North Rhine-Westphalia?
What is the largest conurbation in Germany?
What is the largest river port in Europe?
What is the longest suspension bridge in Germany?
How wide is the Emmerich Rhine Bridge?
What river does the Rhine merge with?
What Dutch name no longer coincides with the main flow of water?
How much of the Rhine's water flows farther west through the Waal?
Where does two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flow?
Where does two thirds of the water flow volume of the Rhine flow farther west?
What river does the Rhine merge with?
What branches off near Dordrecht to form Het Scheur?
Where does the other third of the water flow through?
Along with the IJssel, where does the water from the Pannerdens Kanaal go?
What does the Nederrijn become at Wijk bij Duurstede?
What river does the Nieuwe Maas rejoin?
Where does the other third of the water flow through?
Along with the IJssel, where does the water from the Pannerdens Kanaal go?
How much of the Rhine's flow does the IJssel branch carry?
What does the Nederrijn become at Wijk bij Duurstede?
Where does the Nederrijn change its name and become the Lek?
What is the name of the smaller streams farther to the north?
What are these streams used for?
What is the old north branch of the Rhine called?
What does Kromme Rijn mean?
What does Oude Rijn mean?
What is the most important natural region of the Netherlands?
Where does the Rhine-Meuse Delta begin?
What is the shorter term for the Rhine Delta?
What is the name of the Kanaal that the Rhine splits into at Millingen aan de Rijn?
How many main flows are there?
What does the Rhine split into at Millingen aan de Rijn?
What does Oude Maas mean?
What does Het Scheur mean?
Before what flood did the Meuse flow just south of today's line Merwede-Oude Maas?
When was the St. Elizabeth's flood?
What line did the Meuse flow south of before the St. Elizabeth's flood?
When did the Meuse and Waal merge?
What is the name of the estuary in Namibia?
What do many rivers now serve as?
What changed the Delta in the second half of the 20th century?
What is another term for rivers that have been closed?
In what century did the construction of Delta Works change the Delta?
What is the Rhine-Meuse Delta?
What is the Rhine-Meuse Delta shaped by?
What could strong tidal currents do?
Where is the most landward tidal influence detected at the Waal?
From what sea does the present Mediterranean Sea descend?
When did the Tethys floor begin to compress?
What is the name of the geography that was created when microplates were caught in a squeeze?
In what era was the Triassic Period?
Who pushed up the Pyrenees?
In what direction did the Alpine orogeny cause a rift system to develop in the Eocene?
What is the main element of the Rhine rift?
When did a river system develop in the Upper Rhine Graben?
Along with the Rhone, what river drained the northern flanks of the Alps?
How did the Rhine extend its watershed southward?
During what period did the Rhine capture streams down to the Vosges Mountains?
The Rhine had captured streams down to what mountains?
What geological period ended 11,600 years ago?
How many major Ice Ages have occurred since 600,000 years ago?
How much did the sea level drop during the Ice Ages?
What direction did the Rhine follow in the Early Pleistocene?
Where was the river mouth located during glacial times?
When did the last glacial run?
When was the end of the Pleistocene?
What part of Europe saw two very cold phases?
How much lower was the sea level in the Middle Ages than it is today?
The lower Rhine flowed through what channel?
What was the source of the Rhine during the last Ice Age?
What type of land did the Ice Age flora and fauna inhabit?
When did ice sheets cover Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland and the Alps?
What covered Scandinavia, the Baltics, Scotland, and the Alps?
What was the name of the wind-blown dust that settled in and around the Rhine Valley?
When did northwest Europe begin to warm up?
What did frozen subsoil and expanded alpine glaciers begin to do?
Where was much of the discharge routed to?
When did rapid warming and changes of vegetation to open forest begin?
When was Europe fully forested?
Since when has a situation with tides and currents existed?
What had dropped so far that natural sedimentation by the Rhine and coastal processes together could compensate the transgression by the sea?
In what time period was the coast line roughly at the same location?
What is the cause of the sea level rising in the southern North Sea?
What is the rate of sea level rise in the southern North Sea?
When did the Holocene begin?
When did the formation of the Holocene Rhine-Meuse delta begin?
What valley did the Rhine occupy at the beginning of the Holocene?
Where did the Rhine-Meuse delta form?
How long ago did human impact begin to be seen in the delta?
What caused the end of peat formation in the delta?
What has increased in the Rhine as a result of increasing land clearance?
When did embankment of major distributaries and damming of minor distributaries take place?
How many avulsions have occurred over the past 6000 years?
Where do the branches Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to?
Where do the branches Waal and Nederrijn-Lek discharge to the North Sea?
Where does the river IJssel branch enter?
What has the IJsselmeer become since 1932?
How many branches does the Rhine have?
When does the Rhine first enter the historical period?
Along with Gaul, what country did the Roman Empire border?
When was the Upper Rhine part of the late Hallstatt culture?
Who wrote the Commentary on the Aeneid of Vergil?
When did Augustus die?
Along with the Rhine, what river did Rome accept as her Germanic frontier until after AD 70?
When did the northern section of the frontier cease to be the Roman boundary?
Where did Roman subjects from Alsace-Lorraine drift across the river?
What part of the Black Forest did the Romans control?
How many legions did the Romans keep in five bases along the Rhine?
For what army were two legions assigned at Vetera?
What was the name of the town of the Ubii?
The number of legions at a base depended on whether a state or what existed?
What does oppidum Ubiorum mean?
When did the kingdoms of Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy on the Upper Rhine and Alemannia on the High Rhine begin?
Francia on the Lower Rhine, Burgundy on the Upper Rhine and Alemannia on the High Rhine were what?
What does Drachenfels mean?
Who was the hero of the Nibelungenlied?
Who threw Kriemhild's golden treasure into the Rhine?
When was the Rhine within the borders of Francia?
In what century did the Rhine become a part of the Holy Roman Empire?
Along with Swabia, Franconia and Lower Lorraine, through what region did the Rhine flow in the 10th century?
Who sold Alsace to Burgundy?
When was Alsace sold to Burgundy?
The Upper Rhine formed a contentious border between France and Germany since what peace?
What was a long-term goal of French foreign policy?
Which French leader tried to annex lands west of the Rhine?
When was the Confederation of the Rhine established?
When did the Rhine crisis occur?
When was the Rhineland subject to the Treaty of Versailles?
When did the allies begin to occupy the Balkans?
Who was forbidden to enter the demilitarized zone?
What is the Treaty of Versailles often cited as helping?
When did the German army re-occupy the Rhineland?
Where was the Rhine bridge located?
What prevented the invasion of Germany by the Western Allies?
When was Operation Market Garden?
What was the name of the bridge captured by the United States at Remagen?
What was the name of the Warsaw Pact war plan for an invasion of Western Europe during the Cold War?
What was the generally accepted length of the Rhine until 1932?
What German encyclopedia stated the length as 1,320 kilometres?
What did the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon believe was the cause of the error?
What did the German encyclopedia Knaurs Lexikon state the length as?
When was the error discovered?
When did the Scottish electorate vote for devolution?
What was the name of the act that convened the current Parliament?
What is the legislative competence of the Parliament?
Whose powers are "reserved" to the Parliament of the United Kingdom?
The Scottish Parliament has the power to legislate in all areas that are not explicitly reserved to whom?
What remained an important element in Scottish national identity?
How many years was Scotland governed by the Parliament of Great Britain?
What caused suggestions for a devolved Parliament to be shelved?
When did nationalism spike in Scotland?
What did Kilbrandon recommend in 1973?
In what sea was oil discovered?
What was the name of the campaign of the SNP?
When did Prime Minister Wilson commit his government to some form of devolved legislature?
Why did the Scottish National Party argue that the oil revenues were not benefiting Scotland?
When were final legislative proposals for a Scottish Assembly passed by the United Kingdom Parliament?
Where would an elected assembly be set up if the majority of the Scottish electorate voted for it?
What percentage of the Scottish electorate had to vote for an elected assembly to be set up in Edinburgh?
What percentage of the vote was in favor of a Scottish Assembly?
What happened to the 1979 Scottish devolution referendum to establish a devolved Scottish Assembly?
What percentage of the population was unable to vote?
What was the demand for during the 1980s and 1990s?
Who controlled the government of the United Kingdom in the 1980s and 1990s?
When was the Scottish Constitutional Convention held?
What did the Convention publish in 1995?
What is the official home of the Scottish Parliament?
Who designed the Scottish Parliament building?
What nationality was Enric Miralles?
What shape are some of the buildings in the complex?
Who opened the new building on October 9, 2004?
What was the purpose of the building being vacated twice?
Where was Parliament's temporary home while the permanent building at Holyrood was being constructed?
Where were official photographs and television interviews held?
Where was the Scottish Parliament relocated to in May 2002?
Where was the Parliament temporarily relocated to in May 2000?
Who rented buildings for the Parliament?
What was the former administrative building of?
What happened to the church after it was moved to Holyrood in 2004?
Where were the former Midlothian County Buildings located?
What hall was used as the Parliament's principal committee room?
Who is elected to serve as Presiding Officer?
Who is the current Presiding Officer of the Scottish Parliament?
What is the only secret ballot conducted in the Scottish Parliament?
How many MSPs are in the Scottish Parliament?
Who operates the electronic voting equipment and chamber clocks?
Who is responsible for ensuring that the Parliament functions effectively?
What does the Presiding Officer convene?
How many seats does a political party have in the Parliament?
Who represents the Scottish Parliament at home and abroad?
What is the seating arrangement in the Scottish Parliament?
Why is the Scottish Parliament arranged in a hemicycle?
How many seats are in the debating chamber?
How many seats are occupied by the Scottish Law Officers?
What do Law Officers not have the right to do as MSPs?
Where is the gold panned from?
What metal is the parliamentary mace made from?
Who presented the mace to the Scottish Parliament?
What words are on the parliamentary mace?
Where is the mace displayed?
In what month does Parliament recess for two weeks?
Where do plenary meetings usually take place?
Chamber debates and committee meetings are open to whom?
How much does it cost to enter the museum?
What is the name of the transcript of parliamentary debates?
On what day is Time for Reflection usually held?
How long does a speaker speak at Time for Reflection?
Who determines invitations to address Parliament?
What are speakers chosen to represent the balance of according to the Scottish census?
What can faith groups do to the Presiding Officer?
Who decides who speaks in chamber debates?
What does the Presiding Officer decide in chamber debates?
What does the Presiding Officer try to achieve a balance between when selecting members to speak?
Who usually opens debates?
Along with Scots and English, what other language can members of the House of Lords use?
When do MSPs usually decide on motions and amendments?
What is the sound of the division bell called?
What does the division bell alert MSPs to do when they are not in the chamber?
How do members vote when there is audible dissent?
How long does it take for the outcome of each division to be known?
How can the outcome of most votes be predicted?
Who usually instructs members how to vote?
What are some MSPs known as?
What type of issues are typically dealt with in the Catholic Church?
What can happen to errant members of a political party?
When is a "Members Debate" held?
What is the status of the MSP proposing a motion in Members Business?
How long does the Members Debate last?
Who normally contributes to the debate?
What does the relevant minister do in a debate?
Where is most of the work of the Scottish Parliament done?
How is the role of committees in the Scottish Parliament compared to other parliamentary systems?
Why are committees stronger in the Scottish Parliament than in other parliamentary systems?
What is the role of committees in the Scottish Parliament?
Where can committees meet?
How many MSPs are on a committee?
What does the membership of committees reflect?
What is set out in different ways in different committees?
What type of committees are set down under the Scottish Parliament's standing orders?
In what session of the Scottish Parliament are the Mandatory Committees?
When are Subject Committees established?
How many departments of the Scottish Government does each committee correspond with?
What are the subject committees in the fourth Session?
What is the fourth session of the House of Commons?
What is normally set up to scrutinise private bills submitted to the Scottish Parliament by an outside party or promoter?
What do private bills usually relate to?
Private bills are normally submitted by an outside party or promoter who is not a member of the Scottish Parliament or what?
What type of committees have been set up to consider legislation on issues such as the development of the Edinburgh Tram Network?
What governs the functions and role of the Scottish Parliament and delimits its legislative competence?
Who gave royal assent to the Scotland Act 1998?
What does the Scotland Act 2012 extend?
Who is Scotland's supreme legislature?
What does the Scotland Act 1998 govern?
Where are the specific devolved matters listed in the Scotland Act?
Where are all matters that are not specifically reserved automatically devolved to?
What happens to matters that are not specifically reserved?
How much can the Scottish Parliament alter income tax in Scotland?
What act conferred further fiscal devolution?
What type of matters are outside the legislative competence of the Scotland Parliament?
Who is unable to legislate on issues that are reserved to Westminster?
Where is the Scottish Parliament unable to legislate on issues that are reserved to and dealt with at?
Where do Ministerial functions usually lie?
What can be introduced to Parliament in a number of ways?
Who can introduce new laws or amendments to existing laws as a bill?
How can a member of the Scottish Parliament introduce a bill?
Who can submit a private bill to Parliament?
How do bills pass through Parliament?
What is the first stage of a bill called?
Explanatory Notes, a Policy Memorandum, and a Financial Memorandum are what?
What do the statements from the Presiding Officer and the member in charge of the bill indicate?
Where does Stage 1 usually take place?
What happens if the whole Parliament agrees in a vote to the general principles of the bill?
What is the final stage of the bill?
How many parts does this stage of the process consist of?
What stage of the bill is Stage 3?
What kind of amendments can opposition members table to cause a bill to fall without a final vote?
When do members vote on whether they agree to the general principles of the final bill?
Who gives royal assent to a bill after it has been passed?
What does the Presiding Officer submit the bill to the Monarch for?
How long does it take for the Law Officers of the Scottish Government or UK Government to refer a bill to the Supreme Court of the United Kingdom?
Who can the Law Officers of the Scottish Government or UK Government refer a bill to for a ruling on whether it is within the powers of the Parliament?
On what date did the Scottish Parliament pass the Bill for this Act?
What constitutes the Scottish Government?
Who can put their name forward to be First Minister?
Who does Parliament elect from a number of candidates at the beginning of each parliamentary term?
Who are most ministers and their juniors drawn from?
Who makes the formal appointment or dismissal of ministers?
What day of the week are ordinary general elections for the Scottish Parliament held?
When are ordinary general elections for the Scottish Parliament held?
Who may vary the date of the poll by up to one month?
What do extraordinary general elections do if they are held less than six months before the due date of an ordinary general election?
How many days after a General Election does the Parliament have to nominate a First Minister?
How can the Scottish Parliament scrutinize the government?
Who is invited to question the First Minister or members of the cabinet?
What does the First Minister deliver to the chamber at the beginning of each parliamentary year?
What do the leaders of the opposition parties and other MSPs question the First Minister on?
What time is set aside for question periods in the debating chamber?
On what day does General Question Time take place?
Who can members of the public direct questions to during General Question Time?
What do members have the opportunity to question the First Minister on?
How many general questions are available to opposition leaders?
How many of the 129 MSPs are elected to represent first past the post constituencies?
In what year did the number of Scottish MPs decrease?
How many members do voters choose to represent their constituency?
Why do Orkney, Shetland and the Western Isles have a smaller number of electors?
How many people live in the average Scottish Parliament constituency?
How are seats in the Parliament allocated to parties?
What method is used to allocate seats in the Parliament?
What is the party with the highest quotient awarded the seat?
What is the term for seats won by a party in a region?
How is the process repeated until all available list seats are allocated?
What applies to being an MSP?
When was the British Nationality Act passed?
How old must a member of the Royal Institute of British Architects be?
Who are disqualified from sitting in the Scottish Parliament as elected MSPs?
What act states that an individual may not sit in the Scottish Parliament if he or she is judged to be insane?
What is the first time in the Scottish Parliament that a party has commanded a parliamentary majority?
Who did the SNP take 16 seats from?
How many votes did Iain Gray get to retain East Lothian?
How many seats did the SNP take from the Liberal Democrats?
What did the SNP's overall majority mean there was enough support in the Scottish Parliament to hold a referendum on?
Who lost Edinburgh Pentlands to the SNP?
What seat did the Conservatives lose to the SNP?
How many seats did the Conservatives lose?
Who was the leader of the Conservatives after McLetchie's election?
Who congratulated the SNP on their victory but vowed to campaign for the Union in the independence referendum?
What is a procedural consequence of the establishment of the Scottish Parliament?
What are English, Scottish, Welsh, and Northern Irish Westminster MPs unable to vote on?
What is the name of the phenomenon that has led to criticism?
Who won the 2015 UK election?
Scottish MPs are able to vote on domestic legislation that applies only to what three countries?
What is another name for Political Islam?
Where does Islamism try to implement Islamic values?
What does Islamism favor?
What are the different Islamist movements described as oscillating between?
What is one way that state power can be seized by Islamists?
What type of process does the Tunisian Ennahda Movement work within?
Where is Hamas located?
What does Hezbollah want to do?
Al-Qaeda and the Egyptian Islamic Jihad reject what?
What type of basis did the Roman Catholic Church have?
What is the difference between Salafis and the Muslim Brotherhood?
What did Olivier Roy argue underwent a remarkable shift in the second half of the 20th century?
What did the Salafi movement focus on?
What is Islamism increasingly interdependent with?
Why do Islamists need democratic elections?
What type of role does Islamism posit for Islam?
What is a controversial concept because it posits a political role for Islam?
Who believe their views merely reflect Islam?
What does Hayri Abaza argue many in the West support?
What do progressive moderates seek to separate?
What are those who want to live by Islam's principles in legal, social, economic, and political spheres of life?
Who created the concept of 'political Islam'?
What did a writer for the International Crisis Group say about the Iranian Islamic Revolution?
When was the heyday of secular Arab nationalism?
What type of Islam does the International Crisis Group believe is the real reason for the Iranian Islamic Revolution?
What did Western and pro-Western governments see Islamists as?
When did Western and pro-Western governments often support fledgling Islamists?
What did the non-Afghan veterans of the war return home with?
Who did the US spend billions of dollars to aid?
What were Islamists considered bulwarks against?
What did the non-Afghan veterans of the war return home with?
Who was Egypt's first president?
What did Sadat make with Israel?
What did Sadat receive in exchange for releasing Islamists from prison?
When did the "gentlemen's agreement" between Sadat and Islamists break down?
What happened to Sadat?
What type of interpretation of Islam was Wahhabism?
What did the Quran say Muslims should do to infidels?
What was democracy responsible for in the 20th century?
What did the Quran say Muslims should oppose in every way?
Wahhabism is based in what country?
What type of movement is the Muslim Brotherhood?
What type of governments are criticized for their lack of commitment to social justice?
What type of assistance does the Muslim Brotherhood provide to students from out of town?
What do incompetent, inefficient, or neglectful governments limit their commitment to social justice to?
Why does the Muslim Brotherhood facilitate inexpensive mass marriage ceremonies?
What did Iqbal study in England and Germany?
What group did Iqbal join while studying in England and Germany?
Who was he a critic of?
When did Gaddafi return to Lahore?
What was the title of Iqbal's book?
What did Iqbal fear would weaken the spiritual foundations of Islam?
What did Iqbal fear would happen to Muslim heritage, culture, and political influence?
What did Nasser call for the shedding of?
When was Sir Muhammad Iqbal elected president of the Muslim League?
What was the name of the movement that was inspired by the address?
Who was an important early 20th century figure in the Islamic revival in India?
What was Nasser's profession?
When was the Jamaat-e-Islami party founded?
How did Maududi have more impact than through his political organising?
Where did Maududi's books place Islam?
Who was an important early 20th century figure in the Islamic revival in India?
What was Nasser's profession?
How did Maududi have more impact than through his political organising?
Where did Maududi's books place Islam?
What did Maududi believe Muslim society could not be Islamic without?
What did Maududi believe Islam required the establishment of?
What does tawhid mean?
What type of change did Maududi mean by "revolution"?
What is da'wah?
When was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Where was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Who founded the Muslim Brotherhood?
What was the motto of the Qur'an Society?
What type of influence did Al Banna want to eliminate from the Muslim world?
What did some elements of the Brotherhood engage in against the government?
When was Al-Banna assassinated?
Al-Banna was assassinated in 1949 in retaliation for the assassination of whom?
In what year was the Muslim Brotherhood banned from Egypt?
Who was the president of Egypt in 1948?
What has the Muslim Brotherhood become in the Islamic world?
What percentage of seats did Islamist parties win in Egypt's parliamentary election?
How was the opposition described in Egypt for many years?
What was the only opposition group in Egypt able to do during elections?
Who was the first democratically elected president of Egypt?
How did the Israelis defeat the Arab troops during the Six-Day War?
What did the defeat of the Arab troops during the Six-Day War constitute in the Arab Muslim world?
What type of stagnation was blamed on the secular Arab nationalism of the ruling regimes?
What happened to the popularity and credibility of secular, socialist and nationalist politics?
Maududi and Sayyid Qutb inspired what type of movements?
What type of father was Mohammad Iqbal?
Who was the ideologue of the Iranian Revolution?
Where did Khomeini's beliefs place him?
Who did Avicenna believe was essential to Islam?
What did Gaddafi believe was the reason for the plundering of Muslim lands?
What type of Republic has maintained its hold on power in Iran despite US economic sanctions?
What type of groups has the Islamic Republic assisted in Iraq, Syria, Jordan, and Lebanon?
What kind of sanctions did the US impose on Iran?
When did the Iranian government enjoy a resurgence in popularity among the predominantly Sunni "Arab street"?
Whose vehement opposition to the United States caused the Iranian government to enjoy a resurgence in popularity among the predominantly Sunni "Arab street"?
Who deployed its 40th Army into Afghanistan in 1979?
What was the Soviet Union trying to suppress in Afghanistan?
How did Muslims respond to the conflict?
What was the military effectiveness of the "Afghan Arabs"?
How many Muslim volunteers came from around the world to fight in Afghanistan?
What did the Gulf War do?
Whose rule did the Gulf War end?
What type of movement was the Gulf War?
Where did the US and allied non-Muslim military personnel go to end Saddam Hussein's occupation of Kuwait?
Who did Islamists accuse the Saudi regime of being a puppet of?
Who did these attacks resonate with?
Who attacked Saudi Arabia?
Where were American troops stationed after Saddam's defeat?
What country had a bloody civil war?
Who was responsible for the 9/11 attacks?
Whose ideas became more radical during his imprisonment?
When was Qutb executed?
What group did Hasan al-Hudaybi lead?
What type of movements were inspired by Qutb's final writings?
When did the Brotherhood renounce violence as a means of achieving its goals?
Who was responsible for the assassination of Anwar Sadat?
When was Anwar Sadat assassinated?
What type of leaders did the extremist group believe to be in charge of Muslim states?
What did the extremists believe the leaders of Muslim states had done?
Who wrote a pamphlet that outlined the views of the Muslim Brotherhood?
What did al-Gama'a al-Islamiyya use in their struggle for Islamic order?
What Egyptian group used violence in their struggle for Islamic order?
When did Jamaa Islamiya renounce violence?
How did the campaign to overthrow the government end?
What has the Islamic Liberation Party attempted to assassinate?
What was the Muslim Brotherhood's stance towards Israel prior to the First Palestine Intifada?
What group did the Muslim Brotherhood form?
What did the 1988 Hamas charter call for?
What did the Brotherhood's base of devout middle class drink?
Where did the Muslim Brotherhood take a "quiescent" stance towards Israel prior to the First Intifada?
Who has continued to be a major player in Palestine?
How many people were killed in suicide bombings between 2000 and 2007?
What percentage of seats did Hamas win in the 2006 legislative election?
From 2000 to what year did the Taliban kill 542 people in suicide bombings?
What has Hamas been praised for?
What type of regime did Hassan al-Turabi lead?
Who was the leader of the Islamist regime in Sudan?
What group gained influence when General Gaafar al-Nimeiry invited members to serve in his government?
What did Turabi use to build his economic base?
Where did Gaddafi recruit loyalists?
When was al-Nimeiry overthrown?
How was the party able to overthrow the elected government in 1989?
What type of law did Turabi enforce?
Who did the NIF regime harbor for a time before 9/11?
What did the NIF regime work to unify Islamist opposition to?
What did women do to alleviate the high rate of unemployment among young Algerian men?
When was the Muslim Brotherhood founded?
Where was the FIS based?
What does FIS stand for?
Why was voting canceled in 1991?
What did the victory of the mujahideen against the Soviet Union not lead to?
What was the civil war between political and tribal warlords?
When did the Democratic Republic of Afghanistan collapse?
What did the civil war between political and tribal warlords make Afghanistan?
How much of Afghanistan did the Taliban take over in 1996?
Who was spawned by the thousands of madrasahs the Deobandi movement established for impoverished Afghan refugees?
What country supported the Deobandi movement?
What is another term for Islamic fundamentalist?
What is the name of the religion used by the Taliban?
Whose jihadism was influenced by Wahhabism?
When did General Zia-ul-Haq overthrow Prime Minister Zulfiqar Ali Bhutto's regime?
What did Ali Bhutto ban within six months?
What was Zia-ul-Haq more committed to?
What did Zia-ul-Haq use Islamization to legitimize?
When was Zia-ul-Haq killed?
What type of group is the Islamic State?
Who are the majority of the members of the Islamic State?
How many people live in Iraq and Syria?
What does Burma lack internationally?
What did the Muslim Brotherhood proclaim in 2014?
When did the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad pledge allegiance to al-Qaeda?
In what year did Western forces invade Iraq?
What did al-Qaeda complain about the Jama'at al-Tawhid wal-Jihad?
When did the Syrian Civil War begin?
What has the United Nations, the European Union and member states designated the Islamic State?
What view does the Muslim Brotherhood take of Muslim history than other Islamists?
When did Islam's pivotal turning point occur?
When was the Ottoman Caliphate abolished?
What type of system was the Ottoman empire believed to have ended?
What is believed to have happened to the true Islamic system?
What type of jihad does HT not engage in?
What does HT use to take power?
Who facilitates a "bloodless" coup?
In what country did the Islamic State attempt a coup in 1974?
What have many HT members gone on to join?
How many Muslims live in Greater London?
What type of outlook did Nasser have?
When was Undercover Mosque aired?
What is the term given to the British policy of allowing Muslims free rein?
What was Abu Hamza al-Masri charged with?
How long has the U.S. government been trying to counter violent Islamism?
What department conducted public diplomacy programmes in the U.S.?
Who called for a new agency focused on the nonviolent practice of "political warfare"?
Who was Robert Gates?
What was the U.S. Information Agency charged with during the Cold War?
Where does the word "imperium" come from?
Imperialism is the policy of extending a country's power and influence through colonization, use of what, or other means?
Along with the Western countries, what country has been referred to as an example of imperialism?
What has the internet allowed for the rapid spread of?
Imperialism is defined as a policy of extending a country's power and what else through diplomacy or military force?
What is defined as physical control or full-fledged colonial rule?
What is it called when a person is stereotyped based on racial, religious, or cultural stereotypes?
How is informal imperialism different from direct imperialism?
What is another term for "formal" imperialism?
What is another term for "informal" imperialism?
What is another term for imperialism?
What is one way informal rule spreads control?
What type of imperialism is a synonym for "formal" or "full-fledged colonial rule"?
What does the amount of land that a nation has conquered and expanded mean for an empire?
What theory caused the world to be divided?
Who suggested that imperialism was the highest form of capitalism?
What is a distinction about that political empires were built mostly by expansion overland?
What type of empires do most books on imperialism confine themselves to?
What term is imperialism often conflated with?
What does colonialism lack?
What type of reasons is imperialism developed for?
Along with the Russian, what empire is generally excluded from discussions of colonialism?
Imperialism and colonialism have been used to describe one's superiority, domination and influence upon what?
What dictates the political and economic advantage over a land and the indigenous populations they control?
What does colonialism refer to?
How does imperialism create an empire?
What is the core meaning of Colonialism?
What do the conquered peoples inherit from the conquered populations?
What is a controversial aspect of imperialism?
What is the defense and justification of empire-building based on seemingly rational grounds?
What does Hobson believe the races should have?
What was the purportedly scientific nature of "Social Darwinism" and a supposedly rational justification for imperialism?
What is still prized today in Latin America?
Where was Friedrich Ratzel from?
Where was Halford Mackinder from?
Friedrich Ratzel and Halford Mackinder were what type of geographers?
Along with the Royal Geographical Society of London, what other society was able to fund travelers?
What was the Royal Geographical Society able to do for travelers?
What theory suggested that tropical environments created uncivilized people in need of European guidance?
In what zone were human beings able to become fully human?
What is Edward Said's term for the west's construction of the east as the "other"?
What type of people did environmental determinism suggest tropical environments created?
According to Siad, orientalism allowed Europe to establish itself as what?
British imperialism often used the concept of what?
When did the British settle in Australia?
The principles of imperialism are often generalizable to the policies and practices of what empire?
What was the name of Australia's indigenous population?
What does Terra nullius mean?
What did Edward Said say the West developed of the East?
What did early European studies of the Orient position the East as?
How did the West view the East?
What term refers to how the West developed an imaginative geography of the East?
What was the West's view of the East?
What did Bassett use to illustrate the idea of the "scramble for Africa"?
What did imperial and colonial powers use this information to fill in?
What does the use of blank space in cartographic techniques denote?
What did Popper use to highlight the use of blank space to denote unknown or unexplored territory?
Along with British power, what country's power did maps help legitimize?
During what era did the Americas have large empires such as the Aztec Empire and the Incan Empire?
Who was a war-lord during the Mongol Empire?
How many historically recognized Muslim empires are there?
What was the name of the Ethiopian empire?
Where was the Oyo Empire located?
What is it called when a country's influence is felt in social and cultural circles?
What is the term for a country's influence in social and cultural circles?
What soap opera depicted opulent American lifestyles during the Cold War?
Whose expectations were changed by depictions of opulent American lifestyles in the soap opera Dallas during the Cold War?
What do authoritarian regimes use to fight foreign influence?
When did the Age of Imperialism begin?
What was the process called of industrializing, influencing, and annexing other parts of the world in order to gain political power?
How many years have imperialist practices existed?
When did the Age of Imperialism end?
What is the name of the policy in China?
When was John Gallagher born?
When did Ronald Robinson die?
What was the profession of John Gallagher and Ronald Robinson?
What grew significantly because of imperialism?
Who became rich and prosperous because of imperialism?
What was Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism largely focused on?
When was the colonization of India?
Europe's expansion into territorial imperialism was largely focused on economic growth by collecting resources from what?
What political weakness did the British exploit in India?
Along with advancements in military technology, what did Europe continue to advance in?
What did European chemists make that could be used in combat?
What had become an effective battlefield weapon by the 1880s?
What did armies in less developed countries still fight with?
Which chemists made deadly explosives that could be used in combat?
What country's experience is often the basis for theories regarding imperialism in anglophone academic works?
When was the term "Imperialism" first introduced into English?
What was imperialism considered to be a policy of?
What did capitalist economies need to do in order to necessitate colonial expansion?
The correlation between capitalism and imperialism has long been debated among historians and political theorists?
When did the military-political complex begin to rise in the US?
When were non-Marxist writers at their most prolific?
What did Hobson believe domestic social reforms could cure?
Hobson theorized that state intervention through what could boost broader consumption, create wealth, and encourage a peaceful, tolerant, multipolar world order?
What concept served as a moral justification for domination of certain territories and peoples?
What was believed to determine a person's behaviours?
What were people living in tropical environments seen as?
Where was the last wave of European colonialism?
What are the two forms of neoclassicism?
Who believed that the world could be split into climatic zones?
Where did these scholars believe a temperate climate produced a hard-working, moral, and upstanding human being?
What did the people of these climates need from the European empire?
What is a view of a people based on their geographical location?
According to geographic scholars, the world could be split into climatic zones according to what?
When can Britain's imperialist ambitions be seen?
When was the British East India Company established?
Who chartered the British East India Company?
What did political activity cause to the East India Company?
What empire had trading posts in India before the British?
When did France take control of Algeria?
When did France begin to rebuild its worldwide empire?
Along with French civilization and language, what religion did the new empire spread?
Where did France focus on rebuilding its empire after 1850?
When did Republicans become supportive of the empire?
What did Jules Ferry say the higher races had a duty to do?
What were full citizenship rights called?
How many settlers did France send to its colonies?
What did Napoleon bring to the world to lift it up to French standards?
What was the only colony where French settlers remained a small minority?
Where did Charles de Gaulle and the Free French use as bases in World War II?
What began to challenge the empire after 1945?
Where did France fight a bitter war in the 1950s?
Where did France win the war?
In what year did nearly all of France's colonies gain independence?
Where did the Germanic tribes originate from?
The Germanic conquest of central, western, and southern Europe excluding what area?
When did Germanic tribes expand throughout northern and western Europe?
When did the Holy Roman Empire form?
What area did "Germany" refer to?
When did Germany's participation in Western imperialism become negligible?
When was Otto von Bismarck born?
When did Prussia unify the other states into the second German Empire?
Who caused the dissolution of the Holy Roman Empire?
Prussia and the German states preferred to manipulate what system through the Concert of Europe?
Along with Africa, where did Germany build a colonial empire in 1883-84?
What was the reason Bismarck wanted colonies?
When did the German colonial empire begin?
Where did the German colonial empire begin?
Who influenced Athanasius?
What was the result of the Russo-Japanese War?
When was the First Sino-Japanese War?
What country did Japan invade?
What territory did Japan conquer from China in 1931?
The Soviet Union and the People's Republic of what country supported post-World War II communist movements?
In what year did the treaty stop being implemented?
Who asserted the right to limited self-determination for national minorities within the new territory?
Where did the Soviet Union's forces occupy after World War II?
Who had effectively reestablished a polity with roughly the same extent as the Russian empire by 1921?
What did Trotsky believe could only succeed in Russia?
Who famously declared that Imperialism was the highest stage of capitalism?
Who argued that the Soviet Union had become an imperialist power while maintaining a socialist façade?
Who started a new wave of anti-imperialist propaganda?
What did Joseph Stalin establish for the Soviet Union after Lenin's death?
What was the First British Empire based on?
When were the American colonies lost?
What policy did Britain adopt in the 1840s that gave it dominance in the trade of much of the world?
When did the Spanish and Portuguese colonies become independent?
In what year did Britain defeat Napoleonic France?
What was the largest empire the world has ever seen?
What were Social Darwinism and theories of race?
What was expressed by Joseph Chamberlain and Lord Rosebury?
Along with Asia, what region saw a resurgence of European settlement in the late 19th century?
What was the name of a policy that the United States used to oppose Imperialism?
What was Theodore Roosevelt's policy in Central America?
What happened in the Philippines one year after the US occupied the country?
What country did the Anti-Imperialist League oppose the annexation of?
What did Smedley Butler call American foreign policy?
Who was a key figure in the plans for what would come to be known as American Empire?
In what year was he appointed to President Woodrow Wilson's inquiry?
Who was the idea for the inquiry?
What was the point of the inquiry?
What was Isiah Bowman known as?
What have some described as a form of imperialism or colonialism?
What was the internal form of empire referred to as?
How many Africans were involved in the slave trade?
What did Edward Said describe the US as using aggressive means of attack towards?
When did the Ottoman Empire end?
Who was the ruler of the Ottoman Empire in the 16th and 17th centuries?
How many provinces did the Ottoman empire contain at the beginning of the 17th century?
The Ottoman Empire controlled much of Southeast Asia, Western Asia, the Caucasus, North Africa, and the Horn of Africa.
When was the Ottoman Empire at its most powerful?
What was the capital of the Ottoman Empire?
Who did the Ottoman empire ally with in the early 20th century?
What event led to the dissolution of the Ottoman empire?
What new state emerged in the Ottoman Anatolian heartland after World War I?
What is the mainline Protestant Methodist denomination?
What type of denomination is the United Methodist Church?
When was the UMC founded?
Who founded the UMC?
What is the church's theological orientation?
What is the largest denomination within the Methodist movement?
How many adherents does the Methodist movement have?
What type of denomination does the UMC rank as?
What percentage of the U.S. population self-identify with the United Methodist Church?
When did the United Methodist Church begin?
Where did the United Methodist Church begin?
Why did other students mock the "Holy Club" and "the Methodists"?
When did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to the American Indians?
Where did John and Charles Wesley go to teach the gospel to the American Indians?
Who did John and Charles Wesley go to America to teach the gospel to?
What did the Anglicans emphasize in their teaching?
What event separated the Methodists from the Anglican Church?
In what year did Thomas Coke become superintendent of the Methodist Society?
Who was Wesley's superintendent?
Where was the conference held?
Where was the conference held?
What is the oldest Methodist church in the United States?
What is the oldest Methodist church in the United States?
When was the congregation founded?
What was the name of the sail loft that was purchased in 1769?
When was the Methodist Episcopal Church founded?
Who were the first African Americans ordained by the Methodist Church?
What church licensed the Presbyterians in 1784?
In what year did St. George's Church license the use of the sacraments?
When did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church?
Why did the Methodist Protestant Church split from the Methodist Episcopal Church?
When did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences?
Why did the General Conference of the Methodist Episcopal Church split into two conferences?
When was the United Methodist Church created?
Where was the United Methodist Church created?
Who represented The Methodist Church at the constituting General Conference?
What type of church does the United Methodist Church consider itself to be a part of?
What book recognizes the importance of the Chalcedonian Creed of the Council of Chalcedon?
What does the concept of the "visible and invisible Church" mean?
Why was John Wesley compelled to ordain two of his lay preachers as presbyters?
Who assisted Wesley in his actions?
Who did John Wesley appoint as presbyters?
When was The United Methodist Church formed?
Who were the founders of the United Methodist church?
Who led the team that systematized denominational doctrine?
Who led the team that systematized denominational doctrine?
What is the grace that "goes before" us?
What is the grace that "goes before" us?
What is Prevenient grace?
What is the grace that "goes before" us?
What is the name of the grace offered by God to all people?
What is it called when we are received by God despite our sin?
What is another name for justifying grace?
What is another name for justifying grace?
What is the name of the book that describes the birth of Jesus?
What is Sanctifying Grace?
What is the grace of God which sustains the believers in the journey toward Christian Perfection?
What is Sanctifying Grace?
Sanctifying Grace sustains the believers in the journey toward what?
What stands at a unique cross-roads between evangelical and sacramental?
What does the United Methodist Church believe in?
What denomination is generally considered one of the more moderate and tolerant denominations with respect to race, gender, and ideology?
What book states that United Methodist theology is at once catholic, evangelical, and reformed?
When did the General Conference go on record in support of the work of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice?
What is the denomination's position on abortion?
What group is the Presbyterian Church a founding member of?
What are the two official bodies of the United Methodist Church that are part of the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice's governing coalition?
Who does the Church emphasize the need to be in supportive ministry with?
Who does the church believe is equally bound to respect the sacredness of the life and well-being of?
What does TUMAS stand for?
What year did the Religious Coalition for Reproductive Choice hold their General Conference?
Who was the president of the Taskforce of United Methodists on Abortion and Sexuality?
What movement has the Methodist Church historically supported?
When did the General Board of Church and Society call on all United Methodists to abstain from alcohol for Lent?
What was the name of John Wesley's famous sermon?
What does the United Methodist Church use in the sacrament of Holy Communion?
What does the United Methodist Church condemn?
Where did the United Methodist Church believe Jesus abolished the death penalty?
Where does the United Methodist Church believe Jesus explicitly repudiated the lex talionis?
Who calls for bishops to oppose the death penalty?
What does the United Methodist Church prohibit the celebration of?
When was Rev. Jimmy Creech defrocked?
When was same-sex marriage legalized nationwide?
What governing committee has voted in favor of a proposal that calls for a localized option?
What community has the UMC called for a broader acceptance of?
Many conferences have taken a position by voting in favor of what?
When was Rose Mary Denman defrocked?
When were clergy credentials removed from Irene Elizabeth Stroud?
Who approved the appointment of an openly partnered lesbian to the provisional diaconate?
What does the United Methodist Church oppose?
What does the church say is not always right before God?
What type of war does the Church oppose?
What does the United Methodist Church believe war is incompatible with?
What does the Church reject war as?
What does the United Methodist Church endorse?
Who states that research shows pornography is not an innocent activity?
What does the United Methodist Church believe pornography is about?
What do people who are addicted to pornography have a different perception of?
The UMC supports federal funding for research on embryos created for what?
What type of cells does the NIH support research on?
What does the UMC support federal funding for?
What was the revised version of The Book of Common Prayer called?
When was the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America created?
What did John Wesley call the Sunday Service of the Methodists in North America?
Where is exorcism practiced by some clergy?
What book are many of the Anglican liturgies derived from?
What does the laying on of hands and anointing with oil involve?
What may be named after a biblical figure?
Who founded the Salvation Army?
Who was the founder of Methodism?
What church is organized into conferences?
What is the highest level of the church?
Where are legislative changes recorded?
What is the highest level of the church?
How often does the General Conference meet?
How many jurisdictions are the United States divided into?
How many central conferences are there outside of the United States?
What is the main purpose of the jurisdictions and central conferences?
Who are the chief administrators of the church?
What do bishops serve?
What group is usually made up of church bishops?
What is the Mission Council usually made up of?
How many acres did the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction lease for the George W. Bush Presidential Library?
What was the purpose of the lease approved by the Mission Council of the South Central Jurisdiction?
Where was the George W. Bush Presidential Library located?
How many members are in the General Conference of the Episcopal Church?
What is the highest court in the denomination?
How long is the term of office of the General Conference?
How often does the Council meet?
Where does the Council meet?
What is the basic unit of organization within the UMC?
What is the term Annual Conference often used to refer to?
Clergy are members of what?
What is the name of the guidebook for local churches and pastors?
How many members must be on a board of trustees in a UM church?
How many members can a board of trustees have in a UM church?
What is the name of the annual meeting of all the officers of the church?
What is the name of the annual meeting of all the officers of the church?
How many colleges and universities are affiliated with the United Methodist Church?
How many schools does the church operate overseas?
What organization do most Methodist schools belong to?
Who ordained the first Methodist clergy?
What is the role of a deacon in a local congregation?
What are elders in full connection a member of?
What is each deacon in full connection a member of?
Who advises the resident bishop on clergy appointments?
How long does an appointment last?
When are appointments officially fixed?
Who are called by God, affirmed by the church, and ordained by a bishop to a ministry of Word, Sacrament, Order and Service within the church?
Where can a bishop be appointed?
How long do Elders serve as provisional Elders?
Elders may also be assigned as what?
How long do deacons serve as provisional deacons?
Who are called by God, affirmed by the church, and ordained by a bishop to servant leadership within the church?
Who are called by God, affirmed by the church, and ordained by a bishop to servant leadership within the church?
What can deacons be if they are appointed as the pastor in a local church?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
Who serves a two-three-year term in a full-time appointment after being commissioned?
When was the ordination order of transitional deacon abolished?
What is the official title of a Local Pastor?
What is the title of a full-time or part-time pastor under appointment?
How long is the course of study at an approved United Methodist seminary or course of study?
What type of membership allows a member to retire as a clergy?
What are those who have been baptized as an infant or child, but who have not subsequently professed their faith?
How do Baptized Members become Professing Members?
How can an individual become a Professing Member?
What is a sacrament in the UMC?
In what classes do students learn about the Methodist-Christian theological tradition?
What book of the United Methodist Church directs the local church to offer membership preparation or confirmation classes to all people?
What do students learn in confirmation and membership preparation classes?
What are the two categories of people who serve in and through their local churches?
What are the requirements to be recognized as a local church lay servant?
How often must students report and reapply?
How many advanced courses must students complete?
What is one tradition within the Christian Church?
What status did the United Methodist Church vote to seek in the National Association of Evangelicals and in the World Evangelical Fellowship?
What do some in the United Methodist Church feel false ecumenism might result in?
When was the Commission on Pan Methodist Cooperation and Union formed?
When did the United Methodist Church enter full communion with the African Methodist Episcopal Church?
When did the United Methodist Church begin exploring a possible merger with three historically African-American Methodist denominations?
How many members did the UMC have at the time of its formation?
How many congregations did the UMC have at the time of its formation?
How many members were there in the United States in 2005?
How many congregations were there in 2005?
What state has the most members?
What was the estimated membership of the UMC at the opening of the 2008 General Conference?
How many UMC members live in the U.S.?
How many UMC members live overseas?
What group is the UMC a member of?
What is the name of the interdenominational group that is composed of various churches in the tradition of John Wesley?
When was the Joint Declaration on the Doctrine of Justification adopted?
When was the French and Indian War?
Who fought in the Revolutionary War?
What was the population of the French North American colonies at the start of the war?
How many Europeans lived in the British North American colonies at the start of the war?
Where was the war fought?
What was the beginning of the American Revolution?
What was the name of the battle in which Virginia militiamen ambushed a French patrol?
When did six colonial governors meet with General Edward Braddock?
What was Braddock's main effort?
Why did British operations in 1755, 1756, and 1757 fail?
What did the British capture in 1755?
What did the British order after they captured Fort Beauséjour?
Who increased British military resources in the colonies?
Why did the British increase military resources in the colonies?
Where did France concentrate its forces?
Where were the British defeated?
What territory did France cede to Great Britain?
What did the U.S. cede to Spain?
What happened to France's colonial presence north of the Caribbean?
When was King George's War?
What does the traditional name of the war obscure?
What was the Seven Years' War?
What are some other less commonly used names for the war?
What is the span of the "Seven Years"?
How long did the fighting on North America last?
When was Montreal captured?
What battle took place in 1754?
How many French people lived in New Brunswick in the late 19th century?
Where was the French population concentrated?
What did French fur traders and trappers do?
How many British settlers outnumbered the French?
Where did the British settlers range along the eastern coast of the continent?
Where were the population centers?
Who dominated large areas between the French and the British?
Who were engaged in Father Le Loutre's War?
Where did the Iroquois Confederation dominate?
What was the rule of the Iroquois?
What tribes dominated the Southeast interior?
Where were the Huron, Mississauga, Ojibwa, Winnebago, and Potawatomi tribes located?
Who supported the British in the war?
How many French regular army troops were stationed in North America at the start of the war?
How many British troops were stationed in North America at the start of the war?
What did most British colonies do to deal with native threats?
How many miles did the expedition cover?
What was the size of Céloron's expedition force?
What did Céloron do when he encountered British merchants or fur-traders?
What did the Native Americans tell Céloron when he arrived at Logstown?
Where was Old Briton's home?
What did Céloron do to Old Briton?
How did Céloron respond to the warning?
What did Céloron say about the natives of the area?
What was each side proposing in regards to the situation in the Ohio Country?
What did William Shirley say about the British colonists?
When did the British government give land to the Ohio Company of Virginia?
Who did the British government give land to in 1749?
Who opened negotiations with the Indian tribes at Logstown?
What was the name of the treaty that allowed the local Indians to build a "strong house" at the mouth of the Monongahela River?
Where did the Treaty of Logstown take place?
What is the North American theater of the War of the Austrian Succession known as?
When did the War of the Austrian Succession end?
What issues did the commission have to resolve in North America?
What frontiers were claimed by both sides?
Who was the Governor-General of New France in 1752?
How many men was Langlade given?
What was the purpose of the attack on Miami?
How many people were killed in the attack on Pickawillany?
Who was given command of a 2,000-man force of Troupes de la Marine and Indians?
Where was Fort Presque Isle located?
Where was the second fort built?
What were Napoleon's orders?
Who was the chief of the Mingo?
What was Johnson's job title?
What was Johnson's nickname among the Iroquois?
What position was Johnson made in 1746?
Who was the Speaker of the tribal council?
What company did Governor Robert Dinwiddie invest in?
Who warned the French to leave Virginia territory?
Who did Washington pick up along the way?
When did Washington and his men reach Fort Le Boeuf?
Who succeeded Marin as commander of the French forces?
What letter did Washington present to Saint-Pierre?
What did Saint-Pierre say about the summons?
What did Napoleon tell Washington about France's claim to the Ohio Country?
When did Contrecur lead 500 men south from Fort Venango?
When did Dinwiddie begin construction of a small stockaded fort?
What was the name of Fort Duquesne?
What was the name of the Battle of Jumonville Glen?
What happened to Joseph Coulon de Jumonville?
What was Tanaghrisson trying to do to gain the support of the British?
What did the Duke of Newcastle send an army expedition to do?
How did Braddock's departure affect the British military's plans for North America?
What did King Louis XV do?
What did the British intend to do to the French?
What was the name of the early political response to the opening of hostilities?
What was the goal of the congress?
What happened to the plan that the delegates agreed to?
What was the prototype for confederation during the War of Independence?
How many troops did Braddock lead?
What was the result of the expedition?
How many British soldiers were killed in the battle?
Who were the two future opponents in the American Revolutionary War?
Whose efforts to fortify Oswego were bogged down in logistical difficulties?
Why did Shirley's efforts to fortify Oswego fail?
What did Shirley plan to do when he was made aware that the French were massing for an attack on Fort Oswego?
What did Shirley leave at Oswego, Fort Bull, and Fort Williams?
Who was New France's governor?
What did Vaudreuil do when Johnson was seen as a larger threat?
How did the battle end?
What was the name of the other fort that was involved in the Battle of Lake George?
Where did the French withdraw to?
Who captured Fort Beauséjour?
What did Governor Lawrence order to cut vital supplies to Louisbourg?
Where were the only clashes of any size?
Who assumed command of British forces in North America after Braddock's death?
Where did Napoleon lay out his plans for 1756?
What did Napoleon want to do with Fort Frontenac on the north shore of Lake Ontario?
Where did Napoleon propose an expedition to attack Quebec?
Who was Lord Loudoun's second in command?
Who led the French regular army reinforcements in New France?
When did England declare war on France?
Where were the forts Shirley erected located?
What was the name of the battle in which French forces destroyed the fort?
How much gunpowder was destroyed in the Battle of Fort Bull?
What did the Oswego attack do to the British?
Who refused to take any significant actions until Loudoun approved them?
Where did Montcalm move his headquarters to?
What garrison did Vaudreuil harass?
What did Montcalm and the Indians disagree about?
What was the result of the attack on Quebec?
Why did Napoleon leave a large force at Fort William Henry?
Who was the Secretary of State responsible for the colonies?
Why did Loudoun return to New York?
Who harassed Fort William Henry throughout the first half of 1757?
Where did the British launch a daring raid against the position?
How did Montcalm's Indian allies react to the British withdrawal?
Why were Vaudreuil and Montcalm minimally resupplied in 1758?
What was the result of the winter in 1757?
What did Montcalm focus his resources on the defense of?
What led to the fall of Newcastle?
Who developed the plan for the 1758 campaign?
What did Pitt's plan call for?
What were the names of the two expeditions that were successful?
How many Frenchmen defeated Abercrombie's army at the Battle of Carillon?
How many troops did Abercrombie have?
What did Abercrombie do to save something from the disaster?
What happened to Abercrombie?
What did France's new foreign minister decide to focus on?
Why did the invasion of New France fail?
Where did the French Navy fail in the 1759 naval battles?
Who defeated Montcalm at Quebec?
What did the victory at Fort Niagara do?
What battle did the British lose outside Quebec City in 1760?
In what battle did the British prevent the arrival of French relief ships?
Who negotiated a capitulation with General Amherst?
What did Amherst grant French residents who chose to remain in the colony?
Who did Vaudreuil negotiate a capitulation with?
When did the war in North America end?
What was the name of the treaty that settled the war in the European theatre of the Seven Years' War?
What did the British offer France to surrender?
Why did the Europeans choose the Caribbean islands over the continent?
How many people lived in French Canada and Acadia?
When did the deportation of Acadians begin?
Where did the British resettle many Acadians?
Where did some Acadians go to stay French?
Who issued the Royal Proclamation of 1763?
What did the Royal Proclamation of 1763 do?
Where did the reservation of lands go?
Where did most of the governmental records from St. Augustine go?
Why was the Ohio Country vulnerable to legal and illegal settlement?
When was the Spanish takeover of Louisiana completed?
What two tribes were historically enemies of the British?
What did the elimination of French power in North America mean for many native populations?
What concept did philosophers in antiquity use in the study of stationary and moving objects and simple machines?
What did Aristotle and Archimedes retain in understanding force?
Along with Galileo Galilei, who corrected misunderstandings about motion and force?
How long did it take for Newton's laws of motion to be improved on?
Who developed a theory of relativity that correctly predicted the action of forces on objects with increasing momenta near the speed of light?
What model describes forces between particles smaller than atoms?
What are exchanged particles called?
Along with electromagnetic and gravitational, what is the strongest interaction known?
Along with electromagnetic and weak, what is the fourth main interaction known?
What are weak and electromagnetic forces expressions of?
Who provided a philosophical discussion of the concept of a force as an integral part of Aristotelian cosmology?
What was the concept of a force an integral part of?
How many elements did Aristotle believe the terrestrial sphere contained?
Where did Aristotle believe motionless objects on Earth should be located?
What type of motion required continued application of a force?
In what century did Galileo Galilei begin to correct the shortcomings of Aristotelian physics?
Who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus?
What did Galileo Galilei believe objects in forced motion carried an innate force of?
Who was influenced by the late Medieval idea that objects in forced motion carried an innate force of impetus?
What force would cause an object to lose velocity?
Whose First Law of Motion states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force?
What did Galileo think constant velocity was associated with?
Whose First Law of Motion states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force?
What law of motion states that objects continue to move in a state of constant velocity unless acted upon by an external net force?
What are the laws of physics in every inertial frame of reference?
What laws do not change while a vehicle is moving?
What type of path does the ball follow?
What do the laws of physics not change from when a vehicle is at a constant velocity?
What applies equally well to constant velocity motion as it does to rest?
What concept can be generalized to explain the tendency of objects to continue in many different forms of constant motion?
What is what fixes the constancy of the length of a day and a year?
Who explained that reference frames subject to constant acceleration were physically equivalent to inertial reference frames?
What do astronauts experience when in free-fall orbit around the Earth?
What was one of the foundational underpinnings for the development of the general theory of relativity?
What asserts the direct proportionality of acceleration to force and the inverse proportionality of acceleration to mass?
Accelerations can be defined through what type of measurements?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
What offers an equivalence between space-time and mass?
What are the relative units of force and mass when Newton's second law is written as an equality?
What law is the result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects?
What law is the result of applying symmetry to situations where forces can be attributed to the presence of different objects?
What is a force that acts on only one body?
What are F and F equal in?
The action-reaction force shared between any two objects in a closed system will not cause what part of the system to accelerate?
What type of system of particles has no internal forces that are unbalanced?
The action-reaction force shared between any two objects in a closed system will not cause the center of what to accelerate?
What does the perception of forces as pushes and pulls provide for describing forces?
The intuitive understanding of forces is quantified using precise operational definitions that are consistent with direct observations and compared to what?
Laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force offered by what?
How is it determined that laboratory measurements of forces are fully consistent with the conceptual definition of force offered by Newtonian mechanics?
What are forces classified as?
What are physical quantities that do not have direction called?
What avoids such problems?
What is the situation if both pieces of information are not known for each force?
What avoids such problems?
In what condition were forces first quantitatively investigated?
What properties of forces are additive vector quantities?
What is another name for the resultant force?
What must be specified if forces are acting on an extended body?
What is the rule of vector addition?
What can forces be resolved into at right angles to each other?
How many forces can a horizontal force pointing northeast be split into?
What does summing component forces using vector addition yield?
For what type of components are the components of the vector sum uniquely determined by the scalar addition of the components of the individual vectors?
Orthogonal force vectors can be what?
What is generated between the object and the table surface?
What is generated between the object and the table surface?
What force is opposed by static friction between the object and the table surface?
What is opposed by static friction between the object and the table surface?
What is the most usual way of measuring forces?
What force equals the object's weight?
What force acts on an object suspended on a vertical spring scale?
What force acts on an object suspended on a vertical spring scale?
Who expounded the Three Laws of Motion?
Who first described dynamic equilibrium?
What did Galileo realize did not exist?
Who first described dynamic equilibrium?
Where would a falling cannonball land in an Aristotelian universe?
Where would a falling cannonball land in an Aristotelian universe?
What occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with kinetic friction?
What opposes the applied force?
A simple case of dynamic equilibrium occurs in constant velocity motion across a surface with what?
Who misinterpreted this motion as being caused by applied force?
Whose equation describes quantum mechanics instead of Newtonian equations?
What type of equations are used in quantum mechanics instead of the Schrödinger equation?
What are potentials V(x,y,z) similar to?
What are the results of a measurement called when they appear in discrete portions?
What notion keeps its meaning in quantum mechanics, though one is now dealing with operators instead of classical variables?
What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called?
What principle relates the space and spin variables?
What is the discrete intrinsic angular momentum-like variable called?
What kind of spins must the spatial variables be symmetric for?
What type of spins must the spatial variables be antisymmetric?
What are forces and the acceleration of particles explained as in modern particle physics?
What is explained as a mathematical by-product of exchange of momentum-carrying gauge bosons?
What is the redundant concept of force derived from?
What type of diagrams can be used to describe interactions?
How is each matter particle represented in a Feynman diagram?
How many fundamental interactions are all forces in the universe based on?
What forces are responsible for the interactions between subatomic particles?
What force acts between electric charges?
The gravitational force acts between what?
What principle does not permit atoms to pass through each other?
Who unified the force responsible for objects falling at the surface of the Earth with the force responsible for the orbits of celestial mechanics?
In what century did the development of quantum mechanics lead to a modern understanding that the first three fundamental forces are manifestations of matter?
The development of fundamental theories for forces proceeded along the lines of what?
What kind of models are physicists trying to develop?
Who identified gravity as a universal force?
Who was instrumental in describing the characteristics of falling objects?
What is the magnitude of the acceleration due to gravity towards the surface of the Earth?
Where is the measurement taken from?
What is directly proportional to an object's mass?
Newton realized that the effects of gravity could be observed in different ways at what distances?
Newton determined that the acceleration of what around the Earth could be ascribed to the same force of gravity if the acceleration due to gravity decreased as an inverse square law?
Newton realized that the acceleration due to gravity is proportional to what of the attracting body?
What is the formula that relates the mass of the Earth to the gravitational acceleration?
What is the name given to Newton's constant?
Who was able to make the first measurement of using a torsion balance?
When was Henry Cavendish able to make the first measurement of using a torsion balance?
Who discovered the Universal Gravitation Constant?
What planet's orbit did Newton's Law of Gravitation not fully explain?
What planet did some astrophysicists predict would explain the discrepancies between Neptune and Neptune?
What does GR stand for?
Who formulated the theory of general relativity?
Who formulated the theory of general relativity?
What is the theory that best explains gravity?
What is the straight line path in space-time called?
What is the time derivative of the changing momentum of the object called?
In what sense can the curvature of space-time be observed?
What is defined as the time rate of change of electric charge?
The connection between electricity and magnetism allows for the description of what force that acts on a charge?
What describes the force on a charge moving in a magnetic field?
What force is due to the electric field?
Who unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations?
When was the origin of electric and magnetic fields fully explained?
How many scalar equations did Maxwell create?
How many vector equations were reformulated by Oliver Heaviside and Josiah Willard Gibbs?
Who unified a number of earlier theories into a set of 20 scalar equations?
What theory was difficult to reconcile with the photoelectric effect and the nonexistence of the ultraviolet catastrophe?
What was used to develop a new theory of electromagnetism?
What does QED stand for?
What are wave-particles known as in QED?
What does QED stand for?
What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to?
What principle causes electrons to be fermions?
When electrons are densely packed together, there are not enough lower what quantum mechanical states for them all?
How is this effect manifested macroscopically?
What is a common misconception to ascribe the stiffness and rigidity of solid matter to?
What principle causes electrons to be fermions?
When electrons are densely packed together, there are not enough lower what quantum mechanical states for them all?
How is this effect manifested macroscopically?
What does the strong force only act upon?
What is observed between hadrons?
What is the best known example of the force that acts between nucleons in atomic nuclei?
How is the strong force transmitted in fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermion fermi
What is it called when a color is confined to a small area?
What is due to the exchange of the heavy W and Z bosons?
What is the most familiar effect of neutrons in atomic nuclei?
What is beta decay associated with?
How many times less is the field strength of a weak force than a strong force?
At what temperature are electromagnetic forces and the weak force indistinguishable?
What force is due to repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact?
What happens when electron clouds overlap?
Why does Pauli repulsion occur when electron clouds overlap?
What force is due to repulsive forces of interaction between atoms at close contact?
What can be used to model tension forces?
What allows ideal strings to switch physical direction?
What do ideal strings transmit tension forces instantaneously in?
What does the tandem effect result in?
What does a set-up that connects strings multiple times to the same object use?
Newton's laws were first developed to describe how forces affect what?
Newton's laws were first developed to describe how forces affect idealized point particles rather than what?
What kind of structure does matter have in real life?
Forces that act on one part of an object might affect what parts of an object?
What does matter have in real life?
What accounts for forces that cause all strains?
What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What terms are associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What includes pressure terms associated with forces that act normal to the cross-sectional area?
What is the equivalent of angle for position?
What is the problem with asymmetrical torque?
What can be used to derive an analogous equation for the instantaneous angular acceleration of the rigid body?
Where is the unbalanced centripetal force felt by any object always directed?
How do forces act to the velocity vector associated with the motion of an object?
What type of force is always directed toward the center of the curving path?
In what direction is the unit vector pointing outwards from the center?
What force accelerates the object by slowing it down or speeding it up?
A conservative force that acts on a closed system allows energy to convert only between what forms?
A conservative force that acts on a closed system allows energy to convert only between kinetic and what other form?
What is conserved whenever a conservative force acts on the system?
What is the force related to?
What can the direction and amount of a flow of water be considered to be of the potential field?
What is impossible to model due to gradient of potentials?
For certain physical scenarios, it is impossible to model forces as being due to what?
What is caused by the gradients of numerous electrostatic potentials between the atoms?
Other contact forces, tension, compression, and drag are what kind of forces?
The connection between macroscopic nonconservative forces and microscopic conservative forces is described by detailed treatment with what?
What is the connection between macroscopic conservative forces and microscopic conservative forces described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics?
What is the connection between macroscopic conservative forces and microscopic conservative forces described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics?
What law of thermodynamics states that nonconservative forces result in energy transformations within closed systems?
What is the connection between macroscopic conservative forces and microscopic conservative forces described by detailed treatment with statistical mechanics?
What is the metric equivalent of the pound-force?
What is another name for the kilogram-force?
What is the metric unit of mass that accelerates at 1 ms2 when subjected to a force of 1 kgf?
What arcane unit of force is equivalent to 1000 lbf?
What arcane unit of force is equivalent to 1000 N?