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Data_final/howto_new.txt
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#### Accessing Internet Without GUI
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Use the below PDF for accessing the internet without using the Graphical Interface
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[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg)Internet Access Without GUI -- PDF](/attachments/sso/InternetAccess_WithoutGUI.pdf)
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#### Two Factor Authentication (2FA) for SSO
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SSO has become mandatory for all the network users at IITB.
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Before starting to use new SSO based services, everyone needs to register their smartphones for two-factor authentication. Please note this is a one- time activity.
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Those who are using two accounts, i.e., one personal and another functional/institutional (e.g., [email protected] and [email protected]) accounts, you need to register for both the accounts.
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**Methods for SSO 2FA registration:**
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Computer Centre recommends registering for at least two methods of Two Factor Authentication. So that in case of unavailability of the primary 2FA method, you can use the alternate registered method and will not get locked or barred from using SSO based services.
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For example, along with the authenticator app or TOTP based OTP, users can register their mobile number using the same SSO interface for SMS based OTP. This SMS based OTP could be used to login to SSO in case if you lost your phone or facing any software/hardware issue with the smartphone and to repeat the TOTP registration process with a new device.
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Computer Centre recommends using TOTP Authenticator app-based OTP. Users are free to use any app which supports the TOTP protocol. Apps like Duo Mobile, Google Authenticator, and Microsoft Authenticator are suitable and recommended options.
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By this Computer Centre is not promoting the use of smart devices or not promoting apps from any specific organization or any particular developer. TOTP is a new and secure standard of OTP. Our recommendations of apps or TOTP is only based on ease of use, security, the number of updates pushed by developers, and compatibility with older versions of Android/IOS.
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Note: With “Duo Mobile” and “Microsoft Authenticator, users can backup the device registration to their personal Gmail or Microsoft/outlook account. Users can restore the device registration quickly from the cloud in case of an issue with your smartphone.
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**Registration of a smartphone using Desktop or Laptop:**
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[![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Video Tutorial for Registration of a smartphone using Google Authenticator app on your Desktop or Laptop](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zm9VOlHNgI0)
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If you are using Microsoft Authenticator
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---|---|--- A) Tap on the "+" icon at the right bottom of your phone. B) Select the "Scan a QR code" option. | Tap on the "Get Started" option. | A) Tap on three dots at the top right corner of your phone. B) Select "Add Account" C) Select "Other Accounts"
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10. Now scan the QR code, which is displayed on the web browser window. 11. The app Duo Mobile / Google Authenticator / Microsoft Authenticator is now ready to link with SSO and start displaying a 6 digit code on your smartphone. 12. Enter this 6 digit OTP from Duo Mobile / Google Authenticator / Microsoft Authenticator app in the text box located below QR-code. 13. Click on the **Register** button to complete the process. 14. DO NOT uninstall the authenticator app
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**Registration of a smartphone using smartphone itself**
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[![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Video Tutorial for Registration of a smartphone using Google Authenticator app on the smartphone itself](https://youtu.be/MX4NP2c8bV4)
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CC'S SSO 2FA now supports the use of security keys. SSO uses the WebAuthn authentication standards to interact with your security keys. You may also see WebAuthn referred to as "FIDO2". To use a security key with SSO, you must use the following:
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* A supported browser (Chrome 70, Firefox 60, Safari 13 or Microsoft Edge 79 or later). * An available USB port and supported USB security key.
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Support for authentication is limited to web applications that use CC'S Single Sign-On (SSO). If you want to buy a new key or already have a security key that makes sure it supports FIDO2 standards.
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**Registering the security key for 2FA in CC’s SSO**
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1. Login to <https://sso.iitb.ac.in> 2. Authenticate using the **other 2FA** option on the new phone. 3. Go to **Manage Account**. 4. Click on the **Configure button** under the Two Factor Authentication title. 5. Click on the **Manage** button. 6. Then click on the **Register** button. 7. Inset the security key to the available USB port. 8. When prompted for the type of device select Security Key and select Continue. 9. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the registration.
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Registering Touch ID for Multi-Factor Authentication (For MAC users)
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CC'S SSO 2FA now supports the use of Touch ID. We use WebAuthn authentication standards to interact with Touch ID on your Mac. To use Touch ID with SSO, you must use the following:
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* A MacBook Pro or MacBook Air with a Touch ID button. * A fingerprint enrolled in Touch ID (see how to do this at the [Apple Support site](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT207054)). * Chrome 70 or later. Safari and other browsers on macOS are not currently supported.
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**Registering Touch ID for 2FA in CC’s SSO**
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1. Login to <https://sso.iitb.ac.in> 2. Authenticate using the **other 2FA** option on the new phone. 3. Go to **Manage Account**. 4. Click on the **Configure button** under the Two Factor Authentication title. 5. Click on the **Manage** button. 6. Then click on the **Register** button. 7. When prompted for the type of device select **Touch ID** and select **Continue**. 8. When enrolling in Touch ID, you'll be prompted to tap to enroll in Touch ID. You may also be asked if you want to allow SSO.iitb to access information about Touch ID (click **Allow** if prompted). Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the registration.
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**SSO & Two Factor Authentication (2FA) related FAQ's**
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##### SSO & 2FA related FAQ's ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. **What is 2FA?**
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Two/Multi-Factor Authentication (2/MFA) combines two or more independent credentials to gain access to a system. These credentials include something the user knows (e.g., password), something the user has (e.g., token device/smart card/smartphone) or something the user is (e.g., biometric verification).
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The goal of 2FA is to create a multi-layered approach that makes it difficult for any unauthorized person to gain access to a system. If one factor is compromised, such as a password, the attacker will still need the other factor, for example, a smartphone in order to gain access to the system.
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2. **Do I need to enroll or register in 2FA for accessing IT Services?**
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All IITB faculty, staff, students, workers, and others with an active appointment at and with a valid LDAP ID need to enroll in CC'S SSO 2FA.
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3. **What if I don't enroll in 2FA?**
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You will not be able to access any web applications using your LDAP Login ID until you've enrolled. To learn how to register in 2FA now, refer the above registration tab
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4. **What if I uninstalled the Google/Microsoft Authenticator Mobile app?**
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If you have registered an alternate 2FA method then, you can authorize your logins using those methods and after login you can deregister the old device.
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If the smartphone is the only option, then kindly contact CC's helpdesk. We will help you out with the deregistration of your old device. Also, soon we will provide a dedicated interface on CC's website for this.
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5. **What if I am already using the Google/Microsoft Authenticator Mobile app for another account?**
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Suppose you are already using Google/Microsoft authenticator app to access other third-party services like Microsoft, Google, Facebook, etc. You can still use the same app to receive OTP related to your Login.
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6. **Help, I've Lost or Broken My Phone, and Now I Can't log in?**
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If you have registered an alternate 2FA method then, you can authorize your logins using those methods. If you do not have access to your alternative method, and your only 2FA device was lost, broken, stolen, etc., please contact the CC's Helpdesk either by raising a ticket on <https://help- cc.iitb.ac.in> or by calling our helpdesk number 2677.
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7. **How does changing my SIM card, phone, and/or phone number affect the Google/Microsoft Authenticator Mobile app?**
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**Changing the SIM Card** : If you change your SIM card and do not change your phone number, the Google / Microsoft authenticator Mobile app, IITB SSO app, and SMS options should continue to remain functional for your phone. No action should be required on your part.
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**Changing Phone** : If you change your phone but keep the same phone number, you will need to do the following to activate the Google / Microsoft Authenticator app on the new phone: In case if you have registered for an alternate 2FA method.
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If the smartphone is the only option, then kindly contact CC's helpdesk. We will help you out with the deregistration of your old device. Also, soon we will provide a dedicated interface on CC's website for this.
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**Changing Phone Number** : If you have opted for SMS based OTP and you have changed your phone number, then you need to contact CC Helpdesk. We will help you out with this change.
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8. **Invalid OTP Issue**
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For two factor authentication (2FA) registration, the main requirement is the correct date and time. So we kindly request you to check the date and time setting of your mobile device.
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**Update Date & Time on iOS device**
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1. From your home screen navigate to Settings 2. Tap **General** 3. Tap **Date & Time** 4. Make sure that the option **Set Automatically** is turned on 5. If this option is turned off, check that the correct Date, Time and Time Zone are selected
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**Update Date & Time on Android device**
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1. Tap on **Settings** 2. Tap **System** 3. Tap **Date & Time** 4. Tap on **use network provided time** and **use network provided time zone** 5. If above option is turned off, check that the correct Date, Time and Time Zone are selected
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9. **What if I don't have/want to use my smartphone?**
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If you prefer not to use your smartphone, or you don't own a compatible device, don't worry: There are alternatives. You can choose to enroll and receive a text message on your cell phone. But please note that you will not be able to Login in case of unavailability of GSM/CDMA network and in a matter of unavailability of SMS API Service.
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Currently, there is an upper limit on number of SMS used for OTP by per user per month. (30SMS/user/month)
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10. **What if I changed my user ID from roll/employee number to something else?**
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We have already taken care of all the things necessary to handle this change. Any kind of additional action is not required from user side. Even there is no need to new registration for Time-based OTP (authenticator app).
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Every 6 hours (00, 06, 12, 18 hours), this change will also getting pushed to G Suite and Office365. So users may face temporary unavailability of G Suite or Office365 services between this period after change of his/her user id.
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11. **What is the session / logout period.**
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SSO doesn’t control or enforce other session timeout for application. Each application is having its own timeout period. For e.g. internet.iitb is having timeout of 30 minutes. G Suite or Office365 has timeout period of more than a year.
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SSO’s itself having its own timeout of 15 minutes if you have not checked the check box called “Remember me”. If you have checked this “remember me” check box then the timeout of SSO will be of 15 days. During this period SSO will not ask your credentials and OTP.
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12. **Use of multiple accounts with IITB SSO.**
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SSO support simultaneous login with multiple accounts. But it also depend on each and every application. All applications doesn’t support multi-sessions login or some application only works on IP address level like internet.iitb.
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Applications like Google Drive, Google Meet, Microsoft One Drive support multiple logins in a same browser. You just need to switch the account from that application. But applications like webmail who doesn’t support multiple logins, you just need to click on logout button/link then our SSO will provide you the option to switch the account.
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13. **Help! I have registerd for SMS based authentication but not receiving SMS**
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Please note each user can avail a maximum of 30 SMS per month for OTP. Computer Centre does not recommend using SMS based OTP as your Primary 2FA service.
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If you have registered an alternate 2FA method then, you can authorize your logins using those methods.
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If SMS based OTP is the only option, then kindly contact CC's helpdesk. We will help you out with the deregistration of your old device. Also, soon we will provide a dedicated interface on CC's website for this.
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14. **Use of a shared account with SSO**
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There are some functionary or institutional accounts that might need to be used by more than one person. In such cases doing 2-factor authentications is a bit challenging. At the same time, 2FA is compulsory for all the SSO based services. The 2FA methods like Time-based and SMS based OTP do not support sharing. As of now, there are two solutions for this, as given below.
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* **The use of hardware-based 2FA method:** To do a hardware-based 2FA, you require a USB security key that the user/department/section/centers need to purchase. Security keys can be purchased online or through any computer/IT products vendor. While buying these keys, Please make sure that the key should be webauthn/FIDO2 certified.
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* **The use of Password-less authentication:** To use this method, the primary owner of the shared account must have registered for Time based or SMS based OTP. Rest all user needs to install the “IITB SSO” app on their smartphone. The detailed step-wise how-to for this is available on this page under the title "Passwordless Authentication."
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#### ONLINE / INTERACTIVE MEETINGS
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#### Video Tutorials
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#### Essential FAQ's
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1\. Where can I find most of the softwares? - [FTP Server](http://ftp.iitb.ac.in/)
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2\. What is the IP of My Room PC? - [Hostel IP Allocation](/page/ip_hostel) Contact your Hostel Sysads for help with hostel issues.
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9\. FYI - [Complaint Poilicies](/page/complaintpolicy)
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#### Webmail FAQ's
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##### Composing new mails ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. Click on envelope icon with a plus(+) sign (see the red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image1.png)
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2. Fill to, cc, bcc fields as per need and compose your mail ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image2.png)
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##### Creating Filters ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in (indicated by red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image3.png)
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2. Click on Filters on the left-most list of settings categories ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image4.png)
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3. Click on plus(+) icon in the Filters category, choose appropriate folder to save mail into from the drop-down menu ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image5.png)
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##### Creating Folders ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image6.png)
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2. Click on Folders on the left-most list of settings categories 3. Click on plus(+) icon, then , choose appropriate name and parent folder. Click the save button ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image7.png)
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##### Re-creating Custom Signature on Webmail ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image8.png)
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2. Click on Identities on the left-most list of settings categories and add details for your signatures. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image9.png)
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3. Check the html checkbox to add customized html signatures ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image10.png)
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##### Setting Auto-reply ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in (indicated by red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image11.png)
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2. Click on Filters on the left-most list of settings categories ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image12.png)
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3. Click on plus(+) icon in the Filters category * Choose the all message * From drop down menu choose “Reply with messages * Fill the Message body, Message subject etc * Click on save button
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![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image13.png)
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##### Enabling Filters in Webmail ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in (indicated by red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image14.png)
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2. Click on Filters on the left-most list of settings categories ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image15.png)
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3. Click on settings icon on the bottom(indicated by red arrow) and click “Enable/Disable” ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image16.png)
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##### Sorting Mails (eg. Arrival Date) ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. Click on the Gear/Settings icon indicated by the red arrow ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image28.png)
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2. Do the following * Select "Arrivate Date" (indicated by red arrow no. 1) * Select Descending (indicated by red arrow no. 2) * Click on Save button
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![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image29.png)
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3. NOTE: You now have all the mails sorted by arrival mails in you inbox
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##### Multirow display of address while composing mail ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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Get List
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1. Click on compose button after you login in webmail.iitb.ac.in ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image30.png)
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2. Click on search button in left side. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image31.png)
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3. Type name of receiver to whom you want to sent mail and press enter. 4. You will get email addresses of matching names listed in multiple rows. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image32.png)
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5. Double click on the name of person you want to send mail. 6. You will get the name and mail listed in 'To' field. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image33.png)
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Get Suggestions
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1. Click on ‘To’ field in compose page and type name or mail address. 2. You will get suggested names and mail address listed in single row. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image34.png)
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3. You can select one you want from them. 4. You will see the name and mail listed in 'To' field. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image35.png)
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##### Line spacing issue ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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The line spacing when composing mail is very big by default.
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5. Now you can compose main as plain text.
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#### Configuring IITB-Wireless
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##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Android ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Android**
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Field | Values ---|--- Network Name -- SSID | IITB-Wireless Security Type | WPA2 Enterprise Username | [ ldapusername ] Password | [ ldappassword ] EAP Method | PEAP Phase 2 authentication | MSCHAPV2 Ca-certificate | Use system certificate (Select the certificate you just uploaded)
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9. Save at the bottom. 10. Now connect to the SSID.
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##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Linux ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Android**
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1. Enable WiFi 2. Click on Wireless icon and select IITB-Wireless 3. No proxy settings are required
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Open the file in an editor of your choice: /etc/NetworkManagers/system- connections/IITB-Wireless
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Search for the line: "system-ca-certs=true"
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Change this line to: "system-ca-certs=false"
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##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Windows ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Windows**
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A set of instruction applicable to most operating systems is given below for doing the same
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1. Open "Network and Sharing Center" 2. Select "Manage Wireless Network" 3. Select "Manually create profile" 4. Enter the details given below 5. Network name: "IITB-Wireless" (case sensitive) 6. Security type: "WPA2-Enterprise" 7. Encryption type: "AES" 8. Security key: keep this empty 9. Click "Next" 10. Select "Change connection settings" 11. Select "Security Tab" 12. Network Authentication method: Microsoft: Protected EAP (PEAP) 13. Click on the "Settings" tab besides the above option 14. Remove "Validate Server Certificate" check box 15. Click on "Configure" for EAP-MSCHAP option 16. Uncheck the "automatically use my Windows logon name..." option 17. Click on "Advanced Settings" 18. Select "Specify authentication mode" 19. Select "User or computer" 20. Click "OK " 21. And we are done !
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Note: Proxy settings are not required
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##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- MacOS ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- MacOS**
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1. Enable WiFi 2. Click on Wireless icon and select IITB-Wireless 3. Enter the Credentials 4. Connect to the network 5. Proxy settings are not required
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![](/attachments/wifi/macos4.png)
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#### Configuring Static IP Manually
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#### Server Configuration settings for IMAP/POP
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Loading...
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#### Configuring Netmon Proxy
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[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg)1\. Netmon Windows](/attachments/netmon/Netmon_Windows.pdf)
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#### Accessing IIT servers from Outside IIT
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SSH port
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---|---|---|--- ACRE | brahma.acre | 9823 | 9822 Aerospace | vayu.aero | 1023 | 1022 BTC | helix.btc | 24023 | 24022 CASDE | casde.casde | 1021 | 1020 CC | pawan.cc | 10623 | 10622 CC - PARAM | ??.cc | 11323 | 11322 CFDVS | banyan.cfdvs | 14423 | 14422 Chemistry | ether.chem | 2023 | 2022 Chemical | cupid.che | 3023 | 3022 Civil | gemini.civil | 4023 | 4022 CSE | surya.cse | 5023 | 5022 CSRE | disha.csre | 10523 | 10522 Earth Sciences | pearl.geos | 6023 | 6022 Electrical | bhairav.ee | 7023 | 7022 HSS | manashi.hss | 8023 | 8022 IDC | pragati.idc | 13023 | 13022 IRCC | rnd.ircc | 9123 | 9122 KRESIT | akash.it | 29023 | 29022 Mathematics | ganit.math | 9023 | 9022 Mechanical | epsilon.me | 10023 | 10022 Metallurgy | ispat.met | 11023 | 11022 Physics | niharika.phy | 12023 | 12022 SOM | chanakya.som | 27023 | 27022 SysCon | niyantrak.sc | 12323 | 12322
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#### How to create hompage on homepages.iitb.ac.in
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The user of the account will be held responsible in such cases and will have to face disciplinary actions.
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#### Subscribing to discuss faculty/staff mailing list
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#### The ownCloud file hosting facility
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[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 1.The ownCloud Web Interface doc.pdf](/attachments/bighome/1.The ownCloud Web Interface doc.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 2.Setting Your Preferences.pdf](/attachments/bighome/2.Setting Your Preferences.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 3.Managing Deleted Files.pdf](/attachments/bighome/3.Managing Deleted Files.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 4.Installing the Desktop Synchronization Client.pdf](/attachments/bighome/4.Installing the Desktop Synchronization Client.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 5.Using the Synchronization Client.pdf](/attachments/bighome/5.Using the Synchronization Client.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 6.Using the ownCloud Android App.pdf](/attachments/bighome/6.Using the ownCloud Android App.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 7.Using the ownCloud iOS App.pdf](/attachments/bighome/7.Using the ownCloud iOS App.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 8.Collaborative Document Editing.pdf](/attachments/bighome/8.Collaborative Document Editing.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 9.File Sharing.pdf](/attachments/bighome/9.File Sharing.pdf)
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#### Methodology of Getting mailing list password
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[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg)Getting Mailing List Password.pdf](/attachments/mailinglistpassword/howto_lists_passwd.pdf)
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#### Spoken Tutorials
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Please click [here](https://spoken-tutorial.org/)
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#### Creating Subnets
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Please note that when the IP's (machines/servers) which are listed in the DNS, are changed we also need to change the entries in the DNS correspondingly. So we request you to provide us the consolidated information of the changed IP's.
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**How to change the IP's in different operating systems :**
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**Please note that you need to reboot the system after changing the IP's for the changes to take place.**
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#### Information on APT & YUM
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#### Skype on Linux
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#### Accessing Internet Without GUI
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Use the below PDF for accessing the internet without using the Graphical Interface
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[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg)Internet Access Without GUI -- PDF](/attachments/sso/InternetAccess_WithoutGUI.pdf)
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#### Two Factor Authentication (2FA) for SSO
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SSO has become mandatory for all the network users at IITB.
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Before starting to use new SSO based services, everyone needs to register their smartphones for two-factor authentication. Please note this is a one- time activity.
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Those who are using two accounts, i.e., one personal and another functional/institutional (e.g., [email protected] and [email protected]) accounts, you need to register for both the accounts.
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**Methods for SSO 2FA registration:**
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Computer Centre recommends registering for at least two methods of Two Factor Authentication. So that in case of unavailability of the primary 2FA method, you can use the alternate registered method and will not get locked or barred from using SSO based services.
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For example, along with the authenticator app or TOTP based OTP, users can register their mobile number using the same SSO interface for SMS based OTP. This SMS based OTP could be used to login to SSO in case if you lost your phone or facing any software/hardware issue with the smartphone and to repeat the TOTP registration process with a new device.
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Computer Centre recommends using TOTP Authenticator app-based OTP. Users are free to use any app which supports the TOTP protocol. Apps like Duo Mobile, Google Authenticator, and Microsoft Authenticator are suitable and recommended options.
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By this Computer Centre is not promoting the use of smart devices or not promoting apps from any specific organization or any particular developer. TOTP is a new and secure standard of OTP. Our recommendations of apps or TOTP is only based on ease of use, security, the number of updates pushed by developers, and compatibility with older versions of Android/IOS.
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Note: With “Duo Mobile” and “Microsoft Authenticator, users can backup the device registration to their personal Gmail or Microsoft/outlook account. Users can restore the device registration quickly from the cloud in case of an issue with your smartphone.
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**Registration of a smartphone using Desktop or Laptop:**
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[![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Video Tutorial for Registration of a smartphone using Google Authenticator app on your Desktop or Laptop](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zm9VOlHNgI0)
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If you are using Microsoft Authenticator
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---|---|--- A) Tap on the "+" icon at the right bottom of your phone. B) Select the "Scan a QR code" option. | Tap on the "Get Started" option. | A) Tap on three dots at the top right corner of your phone. B) Select "Add Account" C) Select "Other Accounts"
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10. Now scan the QR code, which is displayed on the web browser window. 11. The app Duo Mobile / Google Authenticator / Microsoft Authenticator is now ready to link with SSO and start displaying a 6 digit code on your smartphone. 12. Enter this 6 digit OTP from Duo Mobile / Google Authenticator / Microsoft Authenticator app in the text box located below QR-code. 13. Click on the **Register** button to complete the process. 14. DO NOT uninstall the authenticator app
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**Registration of a smartphone using smartphone itself**
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[![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Video Tutorial for Registration of a smartphone using Google Authenticator app on the smartphone itself](https://youtu.be/MX4NP2c8bV4)
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CC'S SSO 2FA now supports the use of security keys. SSO uses the WebAuthn authentication standards to interact with your security keys. You may also see WebAuthn referred to as "FIDO2". To use a security key with SSO, you must use the following:
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* A supported browser (Chrome 70, Firefox 60, Safari 13 or Microsoft Edge 79 or later). * An available USB port and supported USB security key.
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Support for authentication is limited to web applications that use CC'S Single Sign-On (SSO). If you want to buy a new key or already have a security key that makes sure it supports FIDO2 standards.
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**Registering the security key for 2FA in CC’s SSO**
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1. Login to <https://sso.iitb.ac.in> 2. Authenticate using the **other 2FA** option on the new phone. 3. Go to **Manage Account**. 4. Click on the **Configure button** under the Two Factor Authentication title. 5. Click on the **Manage** button. 6. Then click on the **Register** button. 7. Inset the security key to the available USB port. 8. When prompted for the type of device select Security Key and select Continue. 9. Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the registration.
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Registering Touch ID for Multi-Factor Authentication (For MAC users)
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CC'S SSO 2FA now supports the use of Touch ID. We use WebAuthn authentication standards to interact with Touch ID on your Mac. To use Touch ID with SSO, you must use the following:
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* A MacBook Pro or MacBook Air with a Touch ID button. * A fingerprint enrolled in Touch ID (see how to do this at the [Apple Support site](https://support.apple.com/en-us/HT207054)). * Chrome 70 or later. Safari and other browsers on macOS are not currently supported.
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**Registering Touch ID for 2FA in CC’s SSO**
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1. Login to <https://sso.iitb.ac.in> 2. Authenticate using the **other 2FA** option on the new phone. 3. Go to **Manage Account**. 4. Click on the **Configure button** under the Two Factor Authentication title. 5. Click on the **Manage** button. 6. Then click on the **Register** button. 7. When prompted for the type of device select **Touch ID** and select **Continue**. 8. When enrolling in Touch ID, you'll be prompted to tap to enroll in Touch ID. You may also be asked if you want to allow SSO.iitb to access information about Touch ID (click **Allow** if prompted). Follow the on-screen instructions to complete the registration.
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**SSO & Two Factor Authentication (2FA) related FAQ's**
|
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##### SSO & 2FA related FAQ's ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
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1. **What is 2FA?**
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Two/Multi-Factor Authentication (2/MFA) combines two or more independent credentials to gain access to a system. These credentials include something the user knows (e.g., password), something the user has (e.g., token device/smart card/smartphone) or something the user is (e.g., biometric verification).
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The goal of 2FA is to create a multi-layered approach that makes it difficult for any unauthorized person to gain access to a system. If one factor is compromised, such as a password, the attacker will still need the other factor, for example, a smartphone in order to gain access to the system.
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2. **Do I need to enroll or register in 2FA for accessing IT Services?**
|
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All IITB faculty, staff, students, workers, and others with an active appointment at and with a valid LDAP ID need to enroll in CC'S SSO 2FA.
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3. **What if I don't enroll in 2FA?**
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You will not be able to access any web applications using your LDAP Login ID until you've enrolled. To learn how to register in 2FA now, refer the above registration tab
|
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4. **What if I uninstalled the Google/Microsoft Authenticator Mobile app?**
|
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If you have registered an alternate 2FA method then, you can authorize your logins using those methods and after login you can deregister the old device.
|
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If the smartphone is the only option, then kindly contact CC's helpdesk. We will help you out with the deregistration of your old device. Also, soon we will provide a dedicated interface on CC's website for this.
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5. **What if I am already using the Google/Microsoft Authenticator Mobile app for another account?**
|
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Suppose you are already using Google/Microsoft authenticator app to access other third-party services like Microsoft, Google, Facebook, etc. You can still use the same app to receive OTP related to your Login.
|
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6. **Help, I've Lost or Broken My Phone, and Now I Can't log in?**
|
117 |
If you have registered an alternate 2FA method then, you can authorize your logins using those methods. If you do not have access to your alternative method, and your only 2FA device was lost, broken, stolen, etc., please contact the CC's Helpdesk either by raising a ticket on <https://help- cc.iitb.ac.in> or by calling our helpdesk number 2677.
|
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|
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|
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|
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7. **How does changing my SIM card, phone, and/or phone number affect the Google/Microsoft Authenticator Mobile app?**
|
122 |
**Changing the SIM Card** : If you change your SIM card and do not change your phone number, the Google / Microsoft authenticator Mobile app, IITB SSO app, and SMS options should continue to remain functional for your phone. No action should be required on your part.
|
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**Changing Phone** : If you change your phone but keep the same phone number, you will need to do the following to activate the Google / Microsoft Authenticator app on the new phone: In case if you have registered for an alternate 2FA method.
|
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|
126 |
If the smartphone is the only option, then kindly contact CC's helpdesk. We will help you out with the deregistration of your old device. Also, soon we will provide a dedicated interface on CC's website for this.
|
127 |
**Changing Phone Number** : If you have opted for SMS based OTP and you have changed your phone number, then you need to contact CC Helpdesk. We will help you out with this change.
|
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|
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|
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|
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8. **Invalid OTP Issue**
|
132 |
For two factor authentication (2FA) registration, the main requirement is the correct date and time. So we kindly request you to check the date and time setting of your mobile device.
|
133 |
**Update Date & Time on iOS device**
|
134 |
1. From your home screen navigate to Settings 2. Tap **General** 3. Tap **Date & Time** 4. Make sure that the option **Set Automatically** is turned on 5. If this option is turned off, check that the correct Date, Time and Time Zone are selected
|
135 |
**Update Date & Time on Android device**
|
136 |
1. Tap on **Settings** 2. Tap **System** 3. Tap **Date & Time** 4. Tap on **use network provided time** and **use network provided time zone** 5. If above option is turned off, check that the correct Date, Time and Time Zone are selected
|
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+
|
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|
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|
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9. **What if I don't have/want to use my smartphone?**
|
141 |
If you prefer not to use your smartphone, or you don't own a compatible device, don't worry: There are alternatives. You can choose to enroll and receive a text message on your cell phone. But please note that you will not be able to Login in case of unavailability of GSM/CDMA network and in a matter of unavailability of SMS API Service.
|
142 |
Currently, there is an upper limit on number of SMS used for OTP by per user per month. (30SMS/user/month)
|
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|
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|
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+
|
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10. **What if I changed my user ID from roll/employee number to something else?**
|
147 |
We have already taken care of all the things necessary to handle this change. Any kind of additional action is not required from user side. Even there is no need to new registration for Time-based OTP (authenticator app).
|
148 |
Every 6 hours (00, 06, 12, 18 hours), this change will also getting pushed to G Suite and Office365. So users may face temporary unavailability of G Suite or Office365 services between this period after change of his/her user id.
|
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|
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+
|
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|
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11. **What is the session / logout period.**
|
153 |
SSO doesn’t control or enforce other session timeout for application. Each application is having its own timeout period. For e.g. internet.iitb is having timeout of 30 minutes. G Suite or Office365 has timeout period of more than a year.
|
154 |
SSO’s itself having its own timeout of 15 minutes if you have not checked the check box called “Remember me”. If you have checked this “remember me” check box then the timeout of SSO will be of 15 days. During this period SSO will not ask your credentials and OTP.
|
155 |
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|
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|
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|
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12. **Use of multiple accounts with IITB SSO.**
|
159 |
SSO support simultaneous login with multiple accounts. But it also depend on each and every application. All applications doesn’t support multi-sessions login or some application only works on IP address level like internet.iitb.
|
160 |
Applications like Google Drive, Google Meet, Microsoft One Drive support multiple logins in a same browser. You just need to switch the account from that application. But applications like webmail who doesn’t support multiple logins, you just need to click on logout button/link then our SSO will provide you the option to switch the account.
|
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+
|
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+
|
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|
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13. **Help! I have registerd for SMS based authentication but not receiving SMS**
|
165 |
Please note each user can avail a maximum of 30 SMS per month for OTP. Computer Centre does not recommend using SMS based OTP as your Primary 2FA service.
|
166 |
If you have registered an alternate 2FA method then, you can authorize your logins using those methods.
|
167 |
If SMS based OTP is the only option, then kindly contact CC's helpdesk. We will help you out with the deregistration of your old device. Also, soon we will provide a dedicated interface on CC's website for this.
|
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|
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|
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|
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14. **Use of a shared account with SSO**
|
172 |
There are some functionary or institutional accounts that might need to be used by more than one person. In such cases doing 2-factor authentications is a bit challenging. At the same time, 2FA is compulsory for all the SSO based services. The 2FA methods like Time-based and SMS based OTP do not support sharing. As of now, there are two solutions for this, as given below.
|
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* **The use of hardware-based 2FA method:** To do a hardware-based 2FA, you require a USB security key that the user/department/section/centers need to purchase. Security keys can be purchased online or through any computer/IT products vendor. While buying these keys, Please make sure that the key should be webauthn/FIDO2 certified.
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|
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* **The use of Password-less authentication:** To use this method, the primary owner of the shared account must have registered for Time based or SMS based OTP. Rest all user needs to install the “IITB SSO” app on their smartphone. The detailed step-wise how-to for this is available on this page under the title "Passwordless Authentication."
|
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|
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|
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|
179 |
#### ONLINE / INTERACTIVE MEETINGS
|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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|
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#### Video Tutorials
|
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|
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|
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+
* SSO Video Tutorials * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Registration of a smartphone using Desktop or Laptop](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Zm9VOlHNgI0) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Registration of smartphone using smartphone itself](https://youtu.be/MX4NP2c8bV4) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Passwordless Authentication (only for Android devices)](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=NwsFGIs1yF0) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)How to login on internet-sso.iitb.ac.in for Home Accounts](https://youtu.be/EOIoUOFamkY) * Thunderbird Video Tutorials * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Configure Thunderbird](https://youtu.be/KQxu_I5fBSo) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Mail Backup](https://youtu.be/ExxfNyzE7BQ) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)Recovery/Restore Emails from backup in Thunderbird](https://youtu.be/db9XXe2rG6A) * Webmail Video Tutorials * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)How to Compose a Mail in Webmail](https://youtu.be/Nn5Twfrg0oY) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)How to filter Mails in Webmail](https://youtu.be/OR6OOsiwNuQ) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)How to create custome singnature in Webmail](https://youtu.be/YvqN0R-4c0U) * [![](/assets/icons/Video.svg)How to setup Auto Reply mail in Webmail](https://youtu.be/X7TNK6PCdzE)
|
228 |
|
229 |
|
230 |
#### Essential FAQ's
|
|
|
231 |
|
232 |
1\. Where can I find most of the softwares? - [FTP Server](http://ftp.iitb.ac.in/)
|
233 |
2\. What is the IP of My Room PC? - [Hostel IP Allocation](/page/ip_hostel) Contact your Hostel Sysads for help with hostel issues.
|
|
|
240 |
9\. FYI - [Complaint Poilicies](/page/complaintpolicy)
|
241 |
|
242 |
|
243 |
+
|
244 |
#### Webmail FAQ's
|
245 |
|
246 |
|
247 |
+
|
248 |
##### Composing new mails ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
249 |
1. Click on envelope icon with a plus(+) sign (see the red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image1.png)
|
250 |
2. Fill to, cc, bcc fields as per need and compose your mail ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image2.png)
|
251 |
+
|
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+
|
253 |
+
|
254 |
##### Creating Filters ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
255 |
1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in (indicated by red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image3.png)
|
256 |
2. Click on Filters on the left-most list of settings categories ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image4.png)
|
257 |
3. Click on plus(+) icon in the Filters category, choose appropriate folder to save mail into from the drop-down menu ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image5.png)
|
258 |
+
|
259 |
+
|
260 |
+
|
261 |
##### Creating Folders ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
262 |
1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image6.png)
|
263 |
2. Click on Folders on the left-most list of settings categories 3. Click on plus(+) icon, then , choose appropriate name and parent folder. Click the save button ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image7.png)
|
264 |
+
|
265 |
+
|
266 |
+
|
267 |
##### Re-creating Custom Signature on Webmail ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
268 |
1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image8.png)
|
269 |
2. Click on Identities on the left-most list of settings categories and add details for your signatures. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image9.png)
|
270 |
3. Check the html checkbox to add customized html signatures ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image10.png)
|
271 |
+
|
272 |
+
|
273 |
+
|
274 |
##### Setting Auto-reply ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
275 |
1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in (indicated by red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image11.png)
|
276 |
2. Click on Filters on the left-most list of settings categories ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image12.png)
|
277 |
3. Click on plus(+) icon in the Filters category * Choose the all message * From drop down menu choose “Reply with messages * Fill the Message body, Message subject etc * Click on save button
|
278 |
![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image13.png)
|
279 |
+
|
280 |
+
|
281 |
+
|
282 |
##### Enabling Filters in Webmail ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
283 |
1. Click on gear icon after you login to webmail.iitb.ac.in (indicated by red arrow) ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image14.png)
|
284 |
2. Click on Filters on the left-most list of settings categories ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image15.png)
|
285 |
3. Click on settings icon on the bottom(indicated by red arrow) and click “Enable/Disable” ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image16.png)
|
286 |
+
|
287 |
+
|
288 |
+
|
289 |
##### Sorting Mails (eg. Arrival Date) ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
290 |
1. Click on the Gear/Settings icon indicated by the red arrow ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image28.png)
|
291 |
2. Do the following * Select "Arrivate Date" (indicated by red arrow no. 1) * Select Descending (indicated by red arrow no. 2) * Click on Save button
|
292 |
![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image29.png)
|
293 |
3. NOTE: You now have all the mails sorted by arrival mails in you inbox
|
294 |
+
|
295 |
+
|
296 |
+
|
297 |
##### Multirow display of address while composing mail ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
298 |
+
|
299 |
+
|
300 |
+
|
301 |
Get List
|
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1. Click on compose button after you login in webmail.iitb.ac.in ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image30.png)
|
303 |
2. Click on search button in left side. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image31.png)
|
304 |
3. Type name of receiver to whom you want to sent mail and press enter. 4. You will get email addresses of matching names listed in multiple rows. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image32.png)
|
305 |
5. Double click on the name of person you want to send mail. 6. You will get the name and mail listed in 'To' field. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image33.png)
|
306 |
+
|
307 |
+
|
308 |
+
|
309 |
Get Suggestions
|
310 |
1. Click on ‘To’ field in compose page and type name or mail address. 2. You will get suggested names and mail address listed in single row. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image34.png)
|
311 |
3. You can select one you want from them. 4. You will see the name and mail listed in 'To' field. ![](/attachments/webmailfaqs/image35.png)
|
312 |
+
|
313 |
+
|
314 |
+
|
315 |
##### Line spacing issue ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
316 |
The line spacing when composing mail is very big by default.
|
317 |
|
|
|
328 |
5. Now you can compose main as plain text.
|
329 |
|
330 |
|
331 |
+
|
332 |
#### Configuring IITB-Wireless
|
|
|
333 |
|
334 |
##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Android ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
335 |
**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Android**
|
|
|
343 |
Field | Values ---|--- Network Name -- SSID | IITB-Wireless Security Type | WPA2 Enterprise Username | [ ldapusername ] Password | [ ldappassword ] EAP Method | PEAP Phase 2 authentication | MSCHAPV2 Ca-certificate | Use system certificate (Select the certificate you just uploaded)
|
344 |
|
345 |
9. Save at the bottom. 10. Now connect to the SSID.
|
346 |
+
|
347 |
+
|
348 |
+
|
349 |
##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Linux ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
350 |
**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Android**
|
351 |
1. Enable WiFi 2. Click on Wireless icon and select IITB-Wireless 3. No proxy settings are required
|
|
|
357 |
Open the file in an editor of your choice: /etc/NetworkManagers/system- connections/IITB-Wireless
|
358 |
Search for the line: "system-ca-certs=true"
|
359 |
Change this line to: "system-ca-certs=false"
|
360 |
+
|
361 |
+
|
362 |
+
|
363 |
##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Windows ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
364 |
**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- Windows**
|
365 |
|
|
|
374 |
A set of instruction applicable to most operating systems is given below for doing the same
|
375 |
1. Open "Network and Sharing Center" 2. Select "Manage Wireless Network" 3. Select "Manually create profile" 4. Enter the details given below 5. Network name: "IITB-Wireless" (case sensitive) 6. Security type: "WPA2-Enterprise" 7. Encryption type: "AES" 8. Security key: keep this empty 9. Click "Next" 10. Select "Change connection settings" 11. Select "Security Tab" 12. Network Authentication method: Microsoft: Protected EAP (PEAP) 13. Click on the "Settings" tab besides the above option 14. Remove "Validate Server Certificate" check box 15. Click on "Configure" for EAP-MSCHAP option 16. Uncheck the "automatically use my Windows logon name..." option 17. Click on "Advanced Settings" 18. Select "Specify authentication mode" 19. Select "User or computer" 20. Click "OK " 21. And we are done !
|
376 |
Note: Proxy settings are not required
|
377 |
+
|
378 |
+
|
379 |
+
|
380 |
##### Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- MacOS ![](/assets/icons/Plus.svg)
|
381 |
**Connecting to IITB-Wireless -- MacOS**
|
382 |
1. Enable WiFi 2. Click on Wireless icon and select IITB-Wireless 3. Enter the Credentials 4. Connect to the network 5. Proxy settings are not required
|
|
|
396 |
![](/attachments/wifi/macos4.png)
|
397 |
|
398 |
|
399 |
+
|
400 |
#### Configuring Static IP Manually
|
401 |
|
402 |
|
|
|
415 |
...
|
416 |
|
417 |
|
418 |
+
|
419 |
#### Server Configuration settings for IMAP/POP
|
420 |
|
421 |
|
|
|
444 |
Loading...
|
445 |
|
446 |
|
447 |
+
|
448 |
#### Configuring Netmon Proxy
|
449 |
|
450 |
|
|
|
452 |
[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg)1\. Netmon Windows](/attachments/netmon/Netmon_Windows.pdf)
|
453 |
|
454 |
|
455 |
+
|
456 |
#### Accessing IIT servers from Outside IIT
|
457 |
|
458 |
|
|
|
469 |
|
|
470 |
SSH port
|
471 |
---|---|---|--- ACRE | brahma.acre | 9823 | 9822 Aerospace | vayu.aero | 1023 | 1022 BTC | helix.btc | 24023 | 24022 CASDE | casde.casde | 1021 | 1020 CC | pawan.cc | 10623 | 10622 CC - PARAM | ??.cc | 11323 | 11322 CFDVS | banyan.cfdvs | 14423 | 14422 Chemistry | ether.chem | 2023 | 2022 Chemical | cupid.che | 3023 | 3022 Civil | gemini.civil | 4023 | 4022 CSE | surya.cse | 5023 | 5022 CSRE | disha.csre | 10523 | 10522 Earth Sciences | pearl.geos | 6023 | 6022 Electrical | bhairav.ee | 7023 | 7022 HSS | manashi.hss | 8023 | 8022 IDC | pragati.idc | 13023 | 13022 IRCC | rnd.ircc | 9123 | 9122 KRESIT | akash.it | 29023 | 29022 Mathematics | ganit.math | 9023 | 9022 Mechanical | epsilon.me | 10023 | 10022 Metallurgy | ispat.met | 11023 | 11022 Physics | niharika.phy | 12023 | 12022 SOM | chanakya.som | 27023 | 27022 SysCon | niyantrak.sc | 12323 | 12322
|
472 |
+
|
473 |
+
|
474 |
+
|
475 |
#### How to create hompage on homepages.iitb.ac.in
|
476 |
|
477 |
|
|
|
485 |
The user of the account will be held responsible in such cases and will have to face disciplinary actions.
|
486 |
|
487 |
|
488 |
+
|
489 |
#### Subscribing to discuss faculty/staff mailing list
|
490 |
|
491 |
|
|
|
500 |
Loading...
|
501 |
|
502 |
|
503 |
+
|
504 |
#### The ownCloud file hosting facility
|
505 |
|
506 |
|
|
|
508 |
[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 1.The ownCloud Web Interface doc.pdf](/attachments/bighome/1.The ownCloud Web Interface doc.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 2.Setting Your Preferences.pdf](/attachments/bighome/2.Setting Your Preferences.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 3.Managing Deleted Files.pdf](/attachments/bighome/3.Managing Deleted Files.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 4.Installing the Desktop Synchronization Client.pdf](/attachments/bighome/4.Installing the Desktop Synchronization Client.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 5.Using the Synchronization Client.pdf](/attachments/bighome/5.Using the Synchronization Client.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 6.Using the ownCloud Android App.pdf](/attachments/bighome/6.Using the ownCloud Android App.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 7.Using the ownCloud iOS App.pdf](/attachments/bighome/7.Using the ownCloud iOS App.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 8.Collaborative Document Editing.pdf](/attachments/bighome/8.Collaborative Document Editing.pdf) [![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg) 9.File Sharing.pdf](/attachments/bighome/9.File Sharing.pdf)
|
509 |
|
510 |
|
511 |
+
|
512 |
#### Methodology of Getting mailing list password
|
513 |
|
514 |
|
|
|
516 |
[![](/assets/icons/PDF.svg)Getting Mailing List Password.pdf](/attachments/mailinglistpassword/howto_lists_passwd.pdf)
|
517 |
|
518 |
|
519 |
+
|
520 |
#### Spoken Tutorials
|
521 |
|
522 |
|
|
|
524 |
Please click [here](https://spoken-tutorial.org/)
|
525 |
|
526 |
|
527 |
+
|
528 |
#### Creating Subnets
|
529 |
|
530 |
|
|
|
564 |
Please note that when the IP's (machines/servers) which are listed in the DNS, are changed we also need to change the entries in the DNS correspondingly. So we request you to provide us the consolidated information of the changed IP's.
|
565 |
|
566 |
|
567 |
+
|
568 |
**How to change the IP's in different operating systems :**
|
569 |
|
570 |
|
|
|
594 |
**Please note that you need to reboot the system after changing the IP's for the changes to take place.**
|
595 |
|
596 |
|
597 |
+
|
598 |
#### Information on APT & YUM
|
599 |
|
600 |
|
|
|
616 |
Loading...
|
617 |
|
618 |
|
619 |
+
|
620 |
#### Skype on Linux
|
621 |
|
622 |
|