spray_new.py

##### games.,py #####

# Import modules
from shiny import *
import shinyswatch
#import plotly.express as px
from shinywidgets import output_widget, render_widget
import pandas as pd
from configure import base_url
import math
import datetime
import datasets
from datasets import load_dataset
import numpy as np
import matplotlib
from matplotlib.ticker import MaxNLocator
from matplotlib.gridspec import GridSpec
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from scipy.stats import gaussian_kde
import seaborn as sns

### Import Datasets
dataset = load_dataset('nesticot/mlb_data', data_files=['mlb_pitch_data_2023.csv',
                                                        'mlb_pitch_data_2022.csv'])
dataset_train = dataset['train']
df_2023 = dataset_train.to_pandas().set_index(list(dataset_train.features.keys())[0]).reset_index(drop=True)
# Paths to data
### Normalize Hit Locations
df_2023['hit_x'] = df_2023['hit_x'] - 126#df_2023['hit_x'].median()
df_2023['hit_y'] = -df_2023['hit_y']+204.5#df_2023['hit_y'].quantile(0.9999)

df_2023['hit_x_og'] = df_2023['hit_x']
df_2023.loc[df_2023['batter_hand'] == 'R','hit_x'] = -1*df_2023.loc[df_2023['batter_hand'] == 'R','hit_x']

### Calculate Horizontal Launch Angles
df_2023['h_la'] = np.arctan(df_2023['hit_x'] / df_2023['hit_y'])*180/np.pi
conditions_ss = [
    (df_2023['h_la']<-16+5/6),
    (df_2023['h_la']<16+5/6)&(df_2023['h_la']>=-16+5/6),
    (df_2023['h_la']>=16+5/6)
]

choices_ss = ['Oppo','Straight','Pull']
df_2023['traj'] = np.select(conditions_ss, choices_ss, default=np.nan)
df_2023['bip'] = [1 if x > 0  else np.nan for x in df_2023['launch_speed']]

conditions_woba = [
        (df_2023['event_type']=='walk'),
        (df_2023['event_type']=='hit_by_pitch'),
        (df_2023['event_type']=='single'),
        (df_2023['event_type']=='double'),
        (df_2023['event_type']=='triple'),
        (df_2023['event_type']=='home_run'),
    ]

choices_woba = [1,
                    1,
                    1,
                    2,
                    3,
                    4]

choices_woba_train = [1,
                    1,
                    1,
                    2,
                    3,
                    4]


df_2023['woba_train'] = np.select(conditions_woba, choices_woba_train, default=0)

conditions = [
    (df_2023['launch_speed'].isna()),
    (df_2023['launch_speed']*1.5 - df_2023['launch_angle'] >= 117 ) & (df_2023['launch_speed'] + df_2023['launch_angle'] >= 124) & (df_2023['launch_speed'] > 98) & (df_2023['launch_angle'] >= 8) & (df_2023['launch_angle'] <= 50)
]

choices = [False,True]
df_2023['barrel'] = np.select(conditions, choices, default=np.nan)

test_df = df_2023.sort_values(by='batter_name').drop_duplicates(subset='batter_id').reset_index(drop=True)[['batter_id','batter_name']]#['pitcher'].to_dict()
test_df = test_df.set_index('batter_id')

#test_df =  test_df[test_df.pitcher == 'Chris Bassitt'].append(test_df[test_df.pitcher != 'Chris Bassitt'])

batter_dict = test_df['batter_name'].to_dict()

colour_palette = ['#FFB000','#648FFF','#785EF0',
                  '#DC267F','#FE6100','#3D1EB2','#894D80','#16AA02','#B5592B','#A3C1ED']

angle_ev_list_df = pd.read_csv('angle_ev_list_df.csv')
ev_ranges = list(np.arange(97.5,130,0.1))
angle_ranges = list(range(8,51))


df_2023_bip = df_2023[~df_2023['bip'].isnull()].dropna(subset=['h_la','launch_angle'])
df_2023_bip['h_la'] = df_2023_bip['h_la'].round(0)


df_2023_bip['season'] = df_2023_bip['game_date'].str[0:4].astype(int)

#df_2023_bip = df_2023[~df_2023['bip'].isnull()].dropna(subset=['launch_angle','bip'])
df_2023_bip_train = df_2023_bip[df_2023_bip['season'] == 2023]


features = ['launch_angle','launch_speed','h_la']
target = ['woba_train']

df_2023_bip_train = df_2023_bip_train.dropna(subset=features)

import joblib
# # Dump the model to a file named 'model.joblib'
model = joblib.load('xtb_model.joblib')


df_2023_bip_train['y_pred'] = [sum(x) for x in model.predict_proba(df_2023_bip_train[features]) * ([0,1,2,3,4])]
# df_2023_bip_train['y_pred_noh'] = [sum(x) for x in model_noh.predict_proba(df_2023_bip_train[['launch_angle','launch_speed']]) * ([0,0.887,1.253,1.583,2.027])]

df_2023_output = df_2023_bip_train.groupby(['batter_id','batter_name']).agg(
    bip = ('y_pred','count'),
    y_pred = ('y_pred','sum'),
    xslgcon = ('y_pred','mean'),
    launch_speed = ('launch_speed','mean'),
    launch_angle_std = ('launch_angle','median'),
    h_la_std = ('h_la','mean'))

df_2023_output_copy = df_2023_output.copy()
# df_2023_output = df_2023_output[df_2023_output['bip'] > 100]
# df_2023_output[df_2023_output['bip'] > 100].sort_values(by='h_la_std',ascending=True).head(20)

import pandas as pd
import numpy as np


# Create grid coordinates
x = np.arange(30, 121,1 )
y = np.arange(-30, 61,1 )
z = np.arange(-45, 46,1 )

# Create a meshgrid
X, Y, Z = np.meshgrid(x, y, z, indexing='ij')
# Flatten the meshgrid to get x and y coordinates
x_flat = X.flatten()
y_flat = Y.flatten()
z_flat = Z.flatten()

# Create a DataFrame
df = pd.DataFrame({'launch_speed': x_flat, 'launch_angle': y_flat,'h_la':z_flat})

df['y_pred']  = [sum(x) for x in model.predict_proba(df[features]) * ([0,1,2,3,4])]


import matplotlib

colour_palette = ['#FFB000','#648FFF','#785EF0',
                  '#DC267F','#FE6100','#3D1EB2','#894D80','#16AA02','#B5592B','#A3C1ED']

cmap_hue = matplotlib.colors.LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list("", [colour_palette[1],'#ffffff',colour_palette[0]])
cmap_hue2 = matplotlib.colors.LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list("",['#ffffff',colour_palette[0]])


from matplotlib.pyplot import text
import inflect
from scipy.stats import percentileofscore
p = inflect.engine()


batter_dict = df_2023_bip.sort_values('batter_name').set_index('batter_id')['batter_name'].to_dict()


# def server(input: Inputs, output: Outputs, session: Session):

            #if input.my_tabs() == '2023 vs MLB':
                #return
            # #if input.my_tabs() == 'Damage Hex':
            #     ui.insert_ui(
            #         ui.input_numeric("quant",
            #                      "Select Percentile",
            #                      value=50,
            #                      min=0,max=100),
            #         selector="#go",
            #         where="beforeBegin",
            #     ),
                # ui.insert_ui(
                #      ui.input_numeric("rolling_window",
                #                  "Select Rolling Window",
                #                  value=50,
                #                  min=1),
                #     selector="#go",
                #     where="beforeBegin",
                # )                 
                #return
                 
                # ui.insert_ui(
                #                 ui.input_numeric("quant",
                #                  "Select Percentile",
                #                  value=50,
                #                  min=0,max=100),
                #     ),
                # ui.insert_ui(
                #     ui.input_numeric("rolling_window",
                #                  "Select Rolling Window",
                #                  value=50,
                #                  min=1),

                #     where="beforeEnd",
                # )
            #     return
            # if input.my_tabs() == 'Damage Roll':
            #     return         ui.panel_sidebar(
            #                     ui.input_select("batter_id",
            #                     "Select Batter2",
            #                      batter_dict,
            #                      width=1,
            #                      size=1,
            #                      selectize=True),
            #                     ui.input_action_button("go", "Generate",class_="btn-primary",
            #                            )),
            # if input.my_tabs() == 'EV vs LA':
            #     return         ui.panel_sidebar(
            #                     ui.input_select("batter_id",
            #                     "Select Batter3",
            #                      batter_dict,
            #                      width=1,
            #                      size=1,
            #                      selectize=True),
            #                     ui.input_action_button("go", "Generate",class_="btn-primary",
            #                            )),



def server(input,output,session):
    @reactive.Effect
    @reactive.event(input.update_ui) 
    def test():
        if input.my_tabs() == 'Damage Hex':    
                ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #quant)")
                ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #rolling_window)")
                ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #plot_id)")
                   
                ui.insert_ui(
                    ui.input_numeric("quant",
                                 "Select Percentile",
                                 value=50,
                                 min=0,max=100),
                    selector="#go",
                    where="beforeBegin")
                print(input.quant())

        if input.my_tabs() == 'Damage Roll':    
                ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #rolling_window)")
                ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #quant)")
                ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #plot_id)")
                   
                ui.insert_ui(
                     ui.input_numeric("rolling_window",
                                 "Select Rolling Window",
                                 value=50,
                                 min=1),
                    selector="#go",
                    where="beforeBegin",
                )       
                
        # if input.my_tabs() == 'EV vs LA':    
        #         ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #rolling_window)")
        #         ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #quant)")
        #         ui.remove_ui(selector="div:has(> #plot_id)")
                   
        #         ui.insert_ui(
        #             ui.input_select("plot_id", "Select Plot",{'scatter':'Scatter Plot','dist':'Distribution Plot'}),
        #             selector="#go",
        #             where="beforeBegin",
        #         )    

    @output
    @render.plot(alt="plot")
    @reactive.event(input.go, ignore_none=False)
    def plot():

        batter_id_select = int(input.batter_id())
        df_batter_2023 = df_2023_bip.loc[(df_2023_bip['batter_id'] == batter_id_select)&(df_2023_bip['season']==2023)]
        df_batter_2022 = df_2023_bip.loc[(df_2023_bip['batter_id'] == batter_id_select)&(df_2023_bip['season']==2022)]

        df_non_batter_2023 = df_2023_bip.loc[(df_2023_bip['batter_id'] != batter_id_select)&(df_2023_bip['season']==2023)]
        df_non_batter_2022 = df_2023_bip.loc[(df_2023_bip['batter_id'] != batter_id_select)&(df_2023_bip['season']==2022)]

        traj_df = df_batter_2023.groupby(['traj'])['launch_speed'].count() / len(df_batter_2023)
        trajectory_df = df_batter_2023.groupby(['trajectory'])['launch_speed'].count() / len(df_batter_2023)#.loc['Oppo']




        colour_palette = ['#FFB000','#648FFF','#785EF0',
                        '#DC267F','#FE6100','#3D1EB2','#894D80','#16AA02','#B5592B','#A3C1ED']
        
        fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 10))



        # Create a 2x2 grid of subplots using GridSpec
        gs = GridSpec(3, 3, width_ratios=[0.1,0.8,0.1], height_ratios=[0.1,0.8,0.1])

        # ax00 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 0]) 
        ax01 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, :])  # Subplot at the top-right position
        # ax02 = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, 2])
        # Subplot spanning the entire bottom row
        ax10 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0]) 
        ax11 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 1])  # Subplot at the top-right position
        ax12 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 2])
        # ax20 = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, 0]) 
        ax21 = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, :])  # Subplot at the top-right position
        # ax22 = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, 2])

        initial_position = ax12.get_position()

        # Change the size of the axis
        # new_width = 0.06  # Set your desired width
        # new_height = 0.4  # Set your desired height
        # new_position = [initial_position.x0-0.01, initial_position.y0+0.065, new_width, new_height]
        # ax12.set_position(new_position)

        cmap_hue = matplotlib.colors.LinearSegmentedColormap.from_list("", [colour_palette[1],'#ffffff',colour_palette[0]])
        # Generate two sets of two-dimensional data
        # data1 = np.random.multivariate_normal([0, 0], [[1, 0.5], [0.5, 1]], 1000)
        # data2 = np.random.multivariate_normal([3, 3], [[1, -0.5], [-0.5, 1]], 1000)
        bat_hand = df_batter_2023.groupby('batter_hand')['launch_speed'].count().sort_values(ascending=False).index[0]

        bat_hand_value = 1

        if bat_hand == 'R':
            bat_hand_value = -1

        kde1_df = df_batter_2023[['h_la','launch_angle']]
        kde1_df['h_la'] = kde1_df['h_la'] * bat_hand_value
        kde2_df = df_non_batter_2023[['h_la','launch_angle']].sample(n=50000, random_state=42)
        kde2_df['h_la'] = kde2_df['h_la'] * bat_hand_value


        # Calculate 2D KDE for each dataset
        kde1 = gaussian_kde(kde1_df.values.T)
        kde2 = gaussian_kde(kde2_df.values.T)

        # Generate a grid of points for evaluation
        x, y = np.meshgrid(np.arange(-45, 46,1 ), np.arange(-30, 61,1 ))
        positions = np.vstack([x.ravel(), y.ravel()])

        # Evaluate the KDEs on the grid
        kde1_values = np.reshape(kde1(positions).T, x.shape)
        kde2_values = np.reshape(kde2(positions).T, x.shape)

        # Subtract one KDE from the other
        result_kde_values = kde1_values - kde2_values

        # Normalize the array to the range [0, 1]
        # result_kde_values = (result_kde_values - np.min(result_kde_values)) / (np.max(result_kde_values) - np.min(result_kde_values))
        result_kde_values = (result_kde_values - np.mean(result_kde_values)) / (np.std(result_kde_values))

        result_kde_values = np.clip(result_kde_values, -3, 3)
        # # Plot the original KDEs
        # plt.contourf(x, y, kde1_values, cmap='Blues', alpha=0.5, levels=20)
        # plt.contourf(x, y, kde2_values, cmap='Reds', alpha=0.5, levels=20)

        # Plot the subtracted KDE
        # Set the number of levels and midrange value
        # Set the number of levels and midrange value
        num_levels = 14
        midrange_value = 0

        # Create a filled contour plot with specified levels
        levels = np.linspace(-3, 3, num_levels)

        batter_plot = ax11.contourf(x, y, result_kde_values, cmap=cmap_hue, levels=levels, vmin=-3, vmax=3)


        ax11.hlines(y=10,xmin=45,xmax=-45,color=colour_palette[3],linewidth=1)
        ax11.hlines(y=25,xmin=45,xmax=-45,color=colour_palette[3],linewidth=1)
        ax11.hlines(y=50,xmin=45,xmax=-45,color=colour_palette[3],linewidth=1)

        ax11.vlines(x=-15,ymin=-30,ymax=60,color=colour_palette[3],linewidth=1)
        ax11.vlines(x=15,ymin=-30,ymax=60,color=colour_palette[3],linewidth=1)
        #ax11.axis('square')
        #ax11.axis('off')
        #ax.hlines(y=10,xmin=-45,xmax=-45)
        # Add labels and legend
        #plt.xlabel('X-axis')
        #plt.ylabel('Y-axis')
        #ax.plot('equal')
        #plt.gca().set_aspect('equal')

        #Choose a mappable (can be any plot or image)
        ax12.set_ylim(0,1)
        cbar = plt.colorbar(batter_plot, cax=ax12, orientation='vertical',shrink=1)
        cbar.set_ticks([])
        # Set the colorbar to have 13 levels
        cbar_locator = MaxNLocator(nbins=13)
        cbar.locator = cbar_locator
        cbar.update_ticks()
        #cbar.set_clim(vmin=-3, vmax=)
        # Set ticks and tick labels
        # cbar.set_ticks(np.linspace(-3, 3, 13))
        # cbar.set_ticklabels(np.linspace(0, 3, 13))
        cbar.set_ticks([])




        ax10.text(s=f"Pop Up\n({trajectory_df.loc['popup']:.1%})",
                x=1,
                y=0.95,va='center',ha='right',fontsize=16)
        # Choose a mappable (can be any plot or image)
        ax10.text(s=f"Fly Ball\n({trajectory_df.loc['fly_ball']:.1%})",
                x=1,
                y=0.75,va='center',ha='right',fontsize=16)

        ax10.text(s=f"Line\nDrive\n({trajectory_df.loc['line_drive']:.1%})",
                x=1,
                y=0.53,va='center',ha='right',fontsize=16)


        ax10.text(s=f"Ground\nBall\n({trajectory_df.loc['ground_ball']:.1%})",
                x=1,
                y=0.23,va='center',ha='right',fontsize=16)
        #ax12.axis(True)
        # Set equal aspect ratio for the contour plot

        if bat_hand == 'R':


            ax21.text(s=f"Pull\n({traj_df.loc['Pull']:.1%})",
                    x=0.2+1/16*0.8,
                    y=1,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=16)

            ax21.text(s=f"Straight\n({traj_df.loc['Straight']:.1%})",
                    x=0.5,
                    y=1,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=16)

            ax21.text(s=f"Oppo\n({traj_df.loc['Oppo']:.1%})",
                    x=0.8-1/16*0.8,
                    y=1,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=16)

        else:

            ax21.text(s=f"Pull\n({traj_df.loc['Pull']:.1%})",
                    x=0.8-1/16*0.8,
                    y=1,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=16)

            ax21.text(s=f"Straight\n({traj_df.loc['Straight']:.1%})",
                    x=0.5,
                    y=1,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=16)

            ax21.text(s=f"Oppo\n({traj_df.loc['Oppo']:.1%})",
                    x=0.2+1/16*0.8,
                    y=1,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=16)
            
        # Define the initial position of the axis

        # Customize colorbar properties
        # cbar = fig.colorbar(orientation='vertical', pad=0.1,ax=ax12)
        #cbar.set_label('Difference', rotation=270, labelpad=15)
        # Show the plot
        # ax21.text(0.0, 0., "By: Thomas Nestico\n      @TJStats",ha='left', va='bottom',fontsize=12)
        # ax21.text(1, 0., "Data: MLB",ha='right', va='bottom',fontsize=12)
        # ax21.text(0.5, 0., "Inspired by @blandalytics",ha='center', va='bottom',fontsize=12)

        # ax00.axis('off')
        ax01.axis('off')
        # ax02.axis('off')
        ax10.axis('off')
        #ax11.axis('off')
        #ax12.axis('off')
        # ax20.axis('off')
        ax21.axis('off')
        # ax22.axis('off')

        ax21.text(0.0, 0., "By: Thomas Nestico\n      @TJStats",ha='left', va='bottom',fontsize=12)
        ax21.text(0.98, 0., "Data: MLB",ha='right', va='bottom',fontsize=12)
        ax21.text(0.5, 0., "Inspired by @blandalytics",ha='center', va='bottom',fontsize=12)


        ax11.set_xticks([])
        ax11.set_yticks([])

        # ax12.text(s='Same',x=np.mean([x for x in ax12.get_xlim()]),y=np.median([x for x in ax12.get_ylim()]),
        #           va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        # ax12.text(s='More\nOften',x=0.5,y=0.74,
        #         va='top',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        ax12.text(s='+3σ',x=0.5,y=3-1/14*3,
                va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        ax12.text(s='+2σ',x=0.5,y=2-1/14*2,
                va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        ax12.text(s='+1σ',x=0.5,y=1-1/14*1,
                va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)


        ax12.text(s='±0σ',x=0.5,y=0,
                va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        ax12.text(s='-1σ',x=0.5,y=-1-1/14*-1,
                va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        ax12.text(s='-2σ',x=0.5,y=-2-1/14*-2,
                va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        ax12.text(s='-3σ',x=0.5,y=-3-1/14*-3,
                va='center',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        # # ax12.text(s='Less\nOften',x=0.5,y=0.26,
        # #         va='bottom',ha='center',fontsize=12)

        ax01.text(s=f"{df_batter_2023['batter_name'].values[0]}'s 2023 Batted Ball Tendencies",
                x=0.5,
                y=0.8,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=20)

        ax01.text(s=f"(Compared to rest of MLB)",
                x=0.5,
                y=0.3,va='top',ha='center',fontsize=16)
        
        #plt.show()

    @output
    @render.plot(alt="hex_plot")
    @reactive.event(input.go, ignore_none=False)
    def hex_plot():

        if input.batter_id() is "":
            fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 12))
            fig.text(s='Please Select a Batter',x=0.5,y=0.5)
            return
        
        batter_select_id = int(input.batter_id())
        # batter_select_name = 'Edouard Julien'
        quant = int(input.quant())/100  
        df_batter_og = df_2023_bip_train[df_2023_bip_train['batter_id']==batter_select_id]
        # df_batter_og = df_2023_bip_train[df_2023_bip_train['batter_name']==batter_select_name]
        df_batter = df_batter_og[df_batter_og['launch_speed'] >= df_batter_og['launch_speed'].quantile(quant)]
        # df_batter_best_speed = df_batter['launch_speed'].mean().round()

        # df_bip_league = df_2023_bip_train[df_2023_bip_train['launch_speed'] >= df_2023_bip_train['launch_speed'].quantile(quant)]

        import pandas as pd
        import numpy as np


        # Create grid coordinates
        #x = np.arange(30, 121,1 )
        y_b = np.arange(df_batter['launch_angle'].median()-df_batter['launch_angle'].std(),
                df_batter['launch_angle'].median()+df_batter['launch_angle'].std(),1 )

        z_b = np.arange(df_batter['h_la'].median()-df_batter['h_la'].std(),
                df_batter['h_la'].median()+df_batter['h_la'].std(),1 )

        # Create a meshgrid
        Y_b, Z_b = np.meshgrid( y_b,z_b, indexing='ij')
        # Flatten the meshgrid to get x and y coordinates

        y_flat_b = Y_b.flatten()
        z_flat_b = Z_b.flatten()

        # Create a DataFrame
        df_batter_base = pd.DataFrame({'launch_angle': y_flat_b,'h_la':z_flat_b,'c':[0]*len(y_flat_b)})

        # df_batter_base['y_pred']  = [sum(x) for x in model.predict_proba(df_batter_base[features]) * ([0,1,2,3,4])]

        from matplotlib.gridspec import GridSpec
        # fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 12),dpi=150)
        fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,12))
        gs = GridSpec(4, 3, height_ratios=[0.5,10,1.5,0.2], width_ratios=[0.05,0.9,0.05])

        axheader = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, :])
        ax10 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0])
        ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 1])  # Subplot at the top-right position
        ax12 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 2])
        ax2_ = fig.add_subplot(gs[2, :])
        axfooter1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[-1, :])

        axheader.axis('off')
        ax10.axis('off')
        ax12.axis('off')
        ax2_.axis('off')
        axfooter1.axis('off')



        extents = [-45,45,-30,60]

        def hexLines(a=None,i=None,off=[0,0]):
                '''regular hexagon segment lines as `(xy1,xy2)` in clockwise
                order with points in line sorted top to bottom
                for irregular hexagon pass both `a` (vertical) and `i` (horizontal)'''
                if a is None: a = 2 / np.sqrt(3) * i;
                if i is None: i = np.sqrt(3) / 2 * a;
                h  = a / 2
                xy = np.array([ [ [ 0, a], [ i, h] ],
                                [ [ i, h], [ i,-h] ],
                                [ [ i,-h], [ 0,-a] ],
                                [ [-i,-h], [ 0,-a] ], #flipped
                                [ [-i, h], [-i,-h] ], #flipped
                                [ [ 0, a], [-i, h] ]  #flipped
                                ])
                return xy+off;


        h   = ax.hexbin(x=df_batter_base['h_la'],
                y=df_batter_base['launch_angle'],
                gridsize=25,
                edgecolors='k',
                extent=extents,mincnt=1,lw=2,zorder=-3,)

        # cfg = {**cfg,'vmin':h.get_clim()[0], 'vmax':h.get_clim()[1]}
        # plt.hexbin( ec="black"  ,lw=6,zorder=4,mincnt=2,**cfg,alpha=0.1)
        # plt.hexbin( ec="#ffffff",lw=1,zorder=5,mincnt=2,**cfg,alpha=0.1)


        ax.hexbin(x=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['h_la'],
                y=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['launch_angle'],
                C=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['y_pred'],
                gridsize=25,
                vmin=0,
                vmax=4,
                cmap=cmap_hue2,
                extent=extents,zorder=-3)


        # Get the counts and centers of the hexagons
        counts = ax.hexbin(x=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['h_la'],
                y=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['launch_angle'],
                C=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['y_pred'],
                gridsize=25,
                vmin=0,
                vmax=4,
                cmap=cmap_hue2,
                extent=extents).get_array()

        bin_centers = ax.hexbin(x=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['h_la'],
                y=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['launch_angle'],
                C=df[(df['launch_angle']>=-30)&(df['launch_angle']<=60)&(df['launch_speed']>=df_batter['launch_speed'].median())&(df['launch_speed']<=df_batter['launch_speed'].max())]['y_pred'],
                gridsize=25,
                vmin=0,
                vmax=4,
                cmap=cmap_hue2,
                extent=extents).get_offsets()

        # Add text with the values of "C" to each hexagon
        for count, (x, y) in zip(counts, bin_centers):
            if count >= 1:
                ax.text(x, y, f'{count:.1f}', color='black', ha='center', va='center',fontsize=7)



        #get hexagon centers that should be highlighted
        verts = h.get_offsets()
        cnts  = h.get_array()
        highl = verts[cnts > .5*cnts.max()]

        #create hexagon lines
        a = ((verts[0,1]-verts[1,1])/3).round(6)
        i = ((verts[1:,0]-verts[:-1,0])/2).round(6)
        i = i[i>0][0]
        lines = np.concatenate([hexLines(a,i,off) for off in highl])

        #select contour lines and draw
        uls,c = np.unique(lines.round(4),axis=0,return_counts=True)
        for l in uls[c==1]: ax.plot(*l.transpose(),'w-',lw=2,scalex=False,scaley=False,color=colour_palette[1],zorder=100)


        # Plot filled hexagons
        for hc in highl:
                hx = hc[0] + np.array([0, i, i, 0, -i, -i])
                hy = hc[1] + np.array([a, a/2, -a/2, -a, -a/2, a/2])
                ax.fill(hx, hy, color=colour_palette[1], alpha=0.15, edgecolor=None)  # Adjust color and alpha as needed

        # # Create grid coordinates
        # #x = np.arange(30, 121,1 )
        # y_b = np.arange(df_bip_league['launch_angle'].median()-df_bip_league['launch_angle'].std(),
        #               df_bip_league['launch_angle'].median()+df_bip_league['launch_angle'].std(),1 )

        # z_b = np.arange(df_bip_league['h_la'].median()-df_bip_league['h_la'].std(),
        #               df_bip_league['h_la'].median()+df_bip_league['h_la'].std(),1 )

        # # Create a meshgrid
        # Y_b, Z_b = np.meshgrid( y_b,z_b, indexing='ij')
        # # Flatten the meshgrid to get x and y coordinates

        # y_flat_b = Y_b.flatten()
        # z_flat_b = Z_b.flatten()

        # # Create a DataFrame
        # df_league_base = pd.DataFrame({'launch_angle': y_flat_b,'h_la':z_flat_b,'c':[0]*len(y_flat_b)})

        # h_league   = ax.hexbin(x=df_league_base['h_la'],
        #           y=df_league_base['launch_angle'],
        #           gridsize=25,
        #           edgecolors=colour_palette[1],
        #           extent=extents,mincnt=1,lw=2,zorder=-3,)

        # #get hexagon centers that should be highlighted
        # verts = h_league.get_offsets()
        # cnts  = h_league.get_array()
        # highl = verts[cnts > .5*cnts.max()]

        # #create hexagon lines
        # a = ((verts[0,1]-verts[1,1])/3).round(6)
        # i = ((verts[1:,0]-verts[:-1,0])/2).round(6)
        # i = i[i>0][0]
        # lines = np.concatenate([hexLines(a,i,off) for off in highl])

        # #select contour lines and draw
        # uls,c = np.unique(lines.round(4),axis=0,return_counts=True)
        # for l in uls[c==1]: ax.plot(*l.transpose(),'w-',lw=2,scalex=False,scaley=False,color=colour_palette[3],zorder=99)


        axheader.text(s=f"{df_batter['batter_name'].values[0]} - {int(quant*100)}th% EV and Greater Batted Ball Tendencies",x=0.5,y=0.2,fontsize=20,ha='center',va='bottom')
        axheader.text(s=f"2023 Season",x=0.5,y=-0.1,fontsize=14,ha='center',va='top')

        ax.set_xlabel(f"Horizontal Spray Angle (°)",fontsize=12)
        ax.set_ylabel(f"Vertical Launch Angle (°)",fontsize=12)

        ax2_.text(x=0.5,
                y=0.0,

                s="Notes:\n" \
                f"- {int(quant*100)}th% EV and Greater BBE is defined as a batter's top {100 - int(quant*100)}% hardest hit BBE\n" \
                f"- Colour Scale and Number Labels Represents the Expected Total Bases for a batter's range of Best Speeds\n" \
                f"- Shaded Area Represents the 2-D Region bounded by ±1σ Launch Angle and Horizontal Spray Angle on batter's Best Speed BBE\n"\
                f"- {df_batter['batter_name'].values[0]} {int(quant*100)}th% EV and Greater BBE Range from {df_batter['launch_speed'].min():.0f} to {df_batter['launch_speed'].max():.0f} mph ({len(df_batter)} BBE)\n"\
                f"- Positive Horizontal Spray Angle Represents a BBE hit in same direction as batter handedness (i.e. Pulled)" ,

                fontsize=11,
                fontstyle='oblique',
                va='bottom',
                ha='center',
                bbox=dict(facecolor='white', edgecolor='black'),ma='left')

        axfooter1.text(0.05, 0.5, "By: Thomas Nestico\n      @TJStats",ha='left', va='bottom',fontsize=12)
        axfooter1.text(0.95, 0.5, "Data: MLB",ha='right', va='bottom',fontsize=12)

        if df_batter['batter_hand'].values[0] == 'R':
                ax.invert_xaxis()
        ax.grid(False)
        ax.axis('equal')
        # Adjusting subplot to center it within the figure
        fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.01, right=0.99, top=0.975, bottom=0.025)

        #ax.text(f"Vertical Spray Angle (°)")


    @output
    @render.plot(alt="roll_plot")
    @reactive.event(input.go, ignore_none=False)
    def roll_plot():
          # player_select = 'Nolan Gorman'
        # player_select_full =player_select

        if input.batter_id() is "":
            fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12, 12))
            fig.text(s='Please Select a Batter',x=0.5,y=0.5)
            return

        # df_will = df_model_2023[df_model_2023.batter_name == player_select].sort_values(by=['game_date','start_time'])
        # df_will = df_will[df_will['is_swing'] != 1]
        batter_select_id = int(input.batter_id())
        # batter_select_name = 'Edouard Julien'
        df_batter_og = df_2023_bip_train[df_2023_bip_train['batter_id']==batter_select_id]
        batter_select_name = df_batter_og['batter_name'].values[0]
        win = min(int(input.rolling_window()),len(df_batter_og))
        df_2023_output = df_2023_output_copy[df_2023_output_copy['bip'] >= win]
        sns.set_theme(style="whitegrid", palette="pastel")
        #fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(10, 10),dpi=300)

        from matplotlib.gridspec import GridSpec
        # fig,ax = plt.subplots(figsize=(12, 12),dpi=150)
        fig = plt.figure(figsize=(12,12))
        gs = GridSpec(3, 3, height_ratios=[0.3,10,0.2], width_ratios=[0.01,2,0.01])

        axheader = fig.add_subplot(gs[0, :])
        ax10 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 0])
        ax = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 1])  # Subplot at the top-right position
        ax12 = fig.add_subplot(gs[1, 2])
        axfooter1 = fig.add_subplot(gs[-1, :])

        axheader.axis('off')
        ax10.axis('off')
        ax12.axis('off')
        axfooter1.axis('off')


        sns.lineplot( x= range(win,len(df_batter_og.y_pred.rolling(window=win).mean())+1),
                y= df_batter_og.y_pred.rolling(window=win).mean().dropna(),
                color=colour_palette[0],linewidth=2,ax=ax)

        ax.hlines(y=df_batter_og.y_pred.mean(),xmin=win,xmax=len(df_batter_og),color=colour_palette[0],linestyle='--',
                label=f'{batter_select_name} Average: {df_batter_og.y_pred.mean():.3f} xSLGCON ({p.ordinal(int(np.around(percentileofscore(df_2023_output["xslgcon"],df_batter_og.y_pred.mean(), kind="strict"))))} Percentile)')

        # ax.hlines(y=df_model_2023.y_pred_no_swing.std()*100,xmin=win,xmax=len(df_will))

        # sns.scatterplot( x= [976],
        #               y= df_will.y_pred.rolling(window=win).mean().min()*100,
        #               color=colour_palette[0],linewidth=2,ax=ax,zorder=100,s=100,edgecolor=colour_palette[7])


        ax.hlines(y=df_2023_bip_train['y_pred'].mean(),xmin=win,xmax=len(df_batter_og),color=colour_palette[1],linestyle='-.',alpha=1,
                label = f'MLB Average: {df_2023_bip_train["y_pred"].mean():.3f} xSLGCON')

        ax.legend()

        hard_hit_dates = [df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.9),
                        df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.75),
                        df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.25),
                        df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.1)]



        ax.hlines(y=df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.9),xmin=win,xmax=len(df_batter_og),color=colour_palette[2],linestyle='dotted',alpha=0.5,zorder=1)
        ax.hlines(y=df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.75),xmin=win,xmax=len(df_batter_og),color=colour_palette[3],linestyle='dotted',alpha=0.5,zorder=1)
        ax.hlines(y=df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.25),xmin=win,xmax=len(df_batter_og),color=colour_palette[4],linestyle='dotted',alpha=0.5,zorder=1)
        ax.hlines(y=df_2023_output['xslgcon'].quantile(0.1),xmin=win,xmax=len(df_batter_og),color=colour_palette[5],linestyle='dotted',alpha=0.5,zorder=1)

        hard_hit_text = ['90th %','75th %','25th %','10th %']
        for i, x in enumerate(hard_hit_dates):
                ax.text(min(win+win/50,win+win+5), x ,hard_hit_text[i], rotation=0,va='center', ha='left',
                         bbox=dict(facecolor='white',alpha=0.7, edgecolor=colour_palette[2+i], pad=2),zorder=11)

        # # Annotate with an arrow
        # ax.annotate('June 6, 2023\nSeason Worst Decision Value', xy=(976, df_will.y_pred.rolling(window=win).mean().min()*100-0.03),
        #              xytext=(976 - 150, df_will.y_pred.rolling(window=win).mean().min()*100 - 0.2),
        #              arrowprops=dict(facecolor=colour_palette[7], shrink=0.01),zorder=150,fontsize=10,
        #         bbox=dict(facecolor='white', edgecolor='black'),va='top')

        ax.set_xlim(win,len(df_batter_og))
        # ax.set_ylim(0.2,max(1,))

        ax.set_yticks([0.2,0.3,0.4,0.5,0.6,0.7,0.8,0.9,1])

        ax.set_xlabel('Balls In Play')
        ax.set_ylabel('Expected Total Bases per Ball In Play (xSLGCON)')

        from matplotlib.ticker import FormatStrFormatter

        ax.yaxis.set_major_formatter(FormatStrFormatter('%.3f'))

        axheader.text(s=f'{batter_select_name} - MLB - {win} Rolling BIP Expected Slugging on Contact (xSLGCON)',x=0.5,y=-0.5,ha='center',va='bottom',fontsize=14)
        axfooter1.text(.05, 0.2, "By: Thomas Nestico",ha='left', va='bottom',fontsize=12)
        axfooter1.text(0.95, 0.2, "Data: MLB",ha='right', va='bottom',fontsize=12)

        fig.subplots_adjust(left=0.01, right=0.99, top=0.98, bottom=0.02)

    # @output
    # @render.plot(alt="A histogram")
    # @reactive.event(input.go, ignore_none=False)
    # def ev_plot():
    #     data_df = df_2023_bip_train[df_2023_bip_train.batter_id==int(input.batter_id())]
    #     #pitch_list = df_2023_small.pitch_type.unique()
    #     sns.set_theme(style="whitegrid", palette="pastel")
    #     fig, ax = plt.subplots(1, 1, figsize=(10, 10))
        


    #     # if input.plot_id() == 'dist':
    #     #     sns.histplot(x=data_df.launch_angle,y=data_df.launch_speed,cbar=colour_palette,binwidth=(5,2.5),ax=ax,cbar_kws=dict(shrink=.75,label='Count'),binrange=(
    #     #     (math.floor((min(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/5))*5,math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/5))*5),(math.floor((min(data_df.launch_speed.dropna())/5))*5,math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_speed.dropna())/5))*5)))

    #     sns.scatterplot(x=data_df.launch_angle,y=data_df.launch_speed,color=colour_palette[1])
    #     ax.set_xlim(math.floor((min(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10,math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10)
    #     #ticks=np.arange(revels.values.min(),revels.values.max()+1 )
    #     sns.lineplot(x=angle_ev_list_df.launch_angle,y=angle_ev_list_df.launch_speed,color=colour_palette[0])
    #     ax.vlines(x=angle_ev_list_df.launch_angle[0],ymin=angle_ev_list_df.launch_speed[0],ymax=ev_ranges[-1],color=colour_palette[0])
    #     ax.vlines(x=angle_ev_list_df.launch_angle[len(angle_ev_list_df)-1],ymin=angle_ev_list_df.launch_speed[len(angle_ev_list_df)-1],ymax=ev_ranges[-1],color=colour_palette[0])

    #     groundball = f'{sum(data_df.launch_angle.dropna()<=10)/len(data_df.launch_angle.dropna()):.1%}'
    #     linedrive = f'{sum((data_df.launch_angle.dropna()<=25) & (data_df.launch_angle.dropna()>10))/len(data_df.launch_angle.dropna()):.1%}'
    #     flyball = f'{sum((data_df.launch_angle.dropna()<=50) & (data_df.launch_angle.dropna()>25))/len(data_df.launch_angle.dropna()):.1%}'
    #     popup = f'{sum(data_df.launch_angle.dropna()>50)/len(data_df.launch_angle.dropna()):.1%}'
    #     percentages_list = [groundball,linedrive,flyball,popup]

    #     hard_hit_percent = f'{sum(data_df.launch_speed.dropna()>=95)/len(data_df.launch_speed.dropna()):.1%}'

    #     barrel_percentage = f'{data_df.barrel.dropna().sum()/len(data_df.launch_angle.dropna()):.1%}'

    #     plt.text(x=27, y=math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_speed.dropna())/5))*5+5-3, s=f'Barrel% {barrel_percentage}',ha='left',bbox=dict(facecolor='white',alpha=0.8, edgecolor=colour_palette[4], pad=5))
        

    #     sample_dates = np.array([math.floor((min(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10,10,25,50])
    #     sample_text = [f'Groundball ({groundball})',f'Line Drive ({linedrive})',f'Fly Ball ({flyball})',f'Pop-up ({popup})']

    #     hard_hit_dates = [95]
    #     hard_hit_text = [f'Hard Hit% ({hard_hit_percent})']



    #     #sample_dates = mdates.date2num(sample_dates)
    #     plt.hlines(y=hard_hit_dates,xmin=math.floor((min(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10, xmax=math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10, color = colour_palette[4],linestyles='--')
    #     plt.vlines(x=sample_dates, ymin=0, ymax=130, color = colour_palette[3],linestyles='--')


    #     # ax.vlines(x=10,ymin=0,ymax=ev_ranges[-1],color=colour_palette[3],linestyles='--')
    #     # ax.vlines(x=25,ymin=0,ymax=ev_ranges[-1],color=colour_palette[3],linestyles='--')
    #     # ax.vlines(x=50,ymin=0,ymax=ev_ranges[-1],color=colour_palette[3],linestyles='--')



    #     for i, x in enumerate(hard_hit_dates):
    #         text(math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10-2.5, x+1.25,hard_hit_text[i], rotation=0, ha='right',
    #             bbox=dict(facecolor='white',alpha=0.5, edgecolor=colour_palette[4], pad=5))


    #     for i, x in enumerate(sample_dates):
    #         text(x+0.75, (math.floor((min(data_df.launch_speed.dropna())/5))*5)+1,sample_text[i], rotation=90, verticalalignment='bottom',
    #             bbox=dict(facecolor='white',alpha=0.5, edgecolor=colour_palette[3], pad=5))
    #     #ax.vlines(x=math.floor((min(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10+1,ymin=0,ymax=ev_ranges[-1],color=colour_palette[3],linestyles='--')

    #     ax.set_xlim((math.floor((min(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10,math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_angle.dropna())/10))*10))
    #     ax.set_ylim((math.floor((min(data_df.launch_speed.dropna())/5))*5,math.ceil((max(data_df.launch_speed.dropna())/5))*5+5))
    #     # ax.set_xlim(-90,90)
    #     # ax.set_ylim(0,125)
    #     ax.set_title(f'MLB - {data_df.batter_name.unique()[0]} Launch Angle vs EV Plot', fontsize=18,fontname='Century Gothic',)
    #     #vals = ax.get_yticks()
    #     ax.set_xlabel('Launch Angle', fontsize=16,fontname='Century Gothic')
    #     ax.set_ylabel('Exit Velocity', fontsize=16,fontname='Century Gothic')
    #     ax.fill_between(angle_ev_list_df.launch_angle, 130, angle_ev_list_df.launch_speed, interpolate=True, color=colour_palette[3],alpha=0.1,label='Barrel')
    #     #fig.colorbar(plot_dist, ax=ax)
    #     #fig.colorbar(plot_dist)
    #     #fig.axes[0].invert_yaxis()
    #     ax.legend(fontsize='16',loc='upper left')
    #     fig.text(x=0.03,y=0.02,s='By: @TJStats')
    #     fig.text(x=1-0.03,y=0.02,s='Data: MLB',ha='right')

    #     # fig.text(x=0.25,y=0.02,s='Data: MLB',ha='right')
    #     # fig.text(x=0.25,y=0.02,s='Data: MLB',ha='right')
    #     # fig.text(x=0.25,y=0.02,s='Data: MLB',ha='right')
    #     #cbar = plt.colorbar()
    #     #fig.subplots_adjust(wspace=.02, hspace=.02)
    #     #ax.xaxis.set_major_formatter(FuncFormatter(lambda x, _: int(x)))
    #     fig.set_facecolor('white')
    #     fig.tight_layout()

spray = App(ui.page_fluid(
    ui.tags.base(href=base_url), 
    ui.tags.div(
         {"style": "width:90%;margin: 0 auto;max-width: 1600px;"},
        ui.tags.style(
            """
            h4 {
                margin-top: 1em;font-size:35px;
            }
            h2{
                font-size:25px;
            }
            """
         ),
    shinyswatch.theme.simplex(),
    ui.tags.h4("TJStats"),
    ui.tags.i("Baseball Analytics and Visualizations"),
    ui.markdown("""<a href='https://www.patreon.com/tj_stats'>Support me on Patreon for Access to 2024 Apps</a><sup>1</sup>"""),
    ui.navset_tab(
        ui.nav_control(
             ui.a(
                "Home",
                href="home/"
            ),
        ),
        ui.nav_menu(
            "Batter Charts",
            ui.nav_control(
            ui.a(
                "Batting Rolling",
                href="rolling_batter/"
            ),
            ui.a(
                "Spray & Damage",
                href="spray/"
            ),
            ui.a(
                "Decision Value",
                href="decision_value/"
            ),
            # ui.a(
            #     "Damage Model",
            #     href="damage_model/"
            # ),
            ui.a(
                "Batter Scatter",
                href="batter_scatter/"
            ),
            # ui.a(
            #     "EV vs LA Plot",
            #     href="ev_angle/"
            # ),
            ui.a(
                "Statcast Compare",
                href="statcast_compare/"
            )
        ),
        ),
        ui.nav_menu(
            "Pitcher Charts",
            ui.nav_control(
             ui.a(
                "Pitcher Rolling",
                href="rolling_pitcher/"
            ),
             ui.a(
                "Pitcher Summary",
                href="pitching_summary_graphic_new/"
            ),
             ui.a(
                "Pitcher Scatter",
                href="pitcher_scatter/"
            )
        ),
        )),ui.row(
    ui.layout_sidebar(
        
        ui.panel_sidebar(
                ui.input_select("batter_id",
                                "Select Batter",
                                 batter_dict,
                                 width=1,
                                 size=1,
                                 selectize=True),
                ui.input_action_button("go", "Generate",class_="btn-primary",
                                       ),
                ui.input_action_button("update_ui", "Update UI",class_="btn-secondary",
                                                    )),

   ui.page_navbar(    


            ui.nav("2023 vs MLB",
                   ui.output_plot('plot',
                                  width='1000px',
                                  height='1000px')),
            ui.nav("Damage Hex",
                   ui.output_plot('hex_plot',
                                  width='1200px',
                                  height='1200px')),
            ui.nav("Damage Roll",
                   ui.output_plot('roll_plot',
                                  width='1200px',
                                  height='1200px')),id="my_tabs", 
        )
    )),)),server)