model-index:
- name: notus-7b-v1
results: []
datasets:
- argilla/ultrafeedback-binarized-avg-rating-for-dpo
language:
- en
base_model: alignment-handbook/zephyr-7b-sft-full
library_name: transformers
pipeline_tag: text-generation
tags:
- dpo
- preference
- ultrafeedback
license: apache-2.0
Model Card for Notus 7B v1
Notus is going to be a collection of fine-tuned models using DPO, similarly to Zephyr, but mainly focused on the Direct Preference Optimization (DPO) step, aiming to incorporate preference feedback into the LLMs when fine-tuning those. Notus models are intended to be used as assistants via chat-like applications, and are evaluated with the MT-Bench, AlpacaEval, and LM Evaluation Harness benchmarks, to be directly compared with Zephyr fine-tuned models also using DPO.
Model Details
Model Description
- Developed by: Argilla, Inc. (based on HuggingFace H4 and MistralAI previous efforts and amazing work)
- Shared by: Argilla, Inc.
- Model type: GPT-like 7B model DPO fine-tuned
- Language(s) (NLP): Mainly English
- License: Apache 2.0 (same as Zephyr 7B SFT and Mistral 7B v0.1)
- Finetuned from model:
alignment-handbook/zephyr-7b-sft-full
Model Sources
- Repository: https://github.com/argilla-io/notus-7b
- Paper: N/A
- Demo: https://argilla-notus-chat-ui.hf.space/
Model Date
Notus 7B v1 was trained along November, 2023. And the data as generated by GPT-4 without the usage of external resources, has a cutoff at September, 2021.
Evaluation
Even though LM Eval Harness is a nice benchmark, we have seen that both Alpaca Eval and MT Bench results are usually more meaningful towards explaining how the models will perform in real scenarios and when interacting with humans via chat applications, so the results shown below are just for reporting some metrics and for comparing with existing and similar LLMs.
LM Eval Harness
We ran the evaluation using EleutherAI/lm-eval-harness from the big-refactor branch, aiming to mimic the Open LLM Leaderboard by HuggingFace H4, but running everything on our VMs instead, as we're still experimenting.
From a first evaluation on the benchmark, we could see that Notus 7B DPO slightly improved compared to Zephyr 7B Beta/Alpha and Mistral 7B as we see from the average metric of 7 tasks from the leaderboard.
| Model | Average ⬆️ | ARC (25-s) ⬆️ | HellaSwag (10-s) ⬆️ | MMLU (5-s) ⬆️ | TruthfulQA (MC2) (0-s) ⬇️ | Winogrande (5-s) ⬇️ | GSM8K (5-s) ⬆️ | DROP (3-s) ⬇️ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| mistralai/Mistral-7B-v0.1 | 50.32 | 59.58 | 83.31 | 64.16 | 42.15 | 78.37 | 18.12 | 6.14 |
| HuggingFaceH4/zephyr-7b-alpha | 52.4 | 61.01 | 84.04 | 61.39 | 57.9 | 78.61 | 14.03 | 9.82 |
| HuggingFaceH4/zephyr-7b-beta | 52.15 | 62.03 | 84.36 | 61.07 | 57.45 | 77.74 | 12.74 | 9.66 |
| Ours | 54.09 | 64.25 | 84.90 | 61.69 | 52.77 | 74.51 | 39.5 | 0.98 |
Anyway, we will also add our model to the Open LLM Leaderboard queue to be evaluated on Hugging Face's end to ensure that the produced results match the same ones, as we found some inconsistencies for DROP using the big-refactor branch on lm-eval-harness.
MT Bench (Coming soon!)
Alpaca Eval (Coming soon!)
Training Details
Training Hardware
We used a VM with 8 x A100 40GB hosted in Lambda Labs.
Training Data
We used a slightly curated version of openbmb/UltraFeedback, named argilla/ultrafeedback-binarized-avg-rating-for-dpo.
Training hyperparameters
The following hyperparameters were used during training:
- learning_rate: 5e-07
- train_batch_size: 8
- eval_batch_size: 4
- seed: 42
- distributed_type: multi-GPU
- num_devices: 8
- total_train_batch_size: 64
- total_eval_batch_size: 32
- optimizer: Adam with betas=(0.9,0.999) and epsilon=1e-08
- lr_scheduler_type: linear
- lr_scheduler_warmup_ratio: 0.1
- num_epochs: 3
Training results
| Training Loss | Epoch | Step | Validation Loss | Rewards/chosen | Rewards/rejected | Rewards/accuracies | Rewards/margins | Logps/rejected | Logps/chosen | Logits/rejected | Logits/chosen |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5051 | 0.1 | 100 | 0.5180 | 0.1475 | -0.3954 | 0.7183 | 0.5429 | -246.6286 | -297.5412 | -2.7438 | -3.0431 |
| 0.4321 | 0.21 | 200 | 0.4375 | 0.1353 | -0.9529 | 0.7540 | 1.0882 | -252.2036 | -297.6632 | -2.7578 | -3.0543 |
| 0.3848 | 0.31 | 300 | 0.4301 | -0.4813 | -1.8921 | 0.7302 | 1.4107 | -261.5956 | -303.8301 | -2.7592 | -3.0508 |
| 0.3777 | 0.42 | 400 | 0.4091 | -0.8597 | -2.5306 | 0.7698 | 1.6709 | -267.9805 | -307.6138 | -2.7476 | -3.0474 |
| 0.3559 | 0.52 | 500 | 0.4332 | -1.0424 | -2.6019 | 0.7619 | 1.5595 | -268.6939 | -309.4406 | -2.2960 | -2.6106 |
| 0.4178 | 0.62 | 600 | 0.3934 | -0.6434 | -2.4837 | 0.7659 | 1.8404 | -267.5121 | -305.4503 | -2.5487 | -2.8508 |
| 0.4206 | 0.73 | 700 | 0.4058 | -1.4700 | -3.5113 | 0.7857 | 2.0413 | -277.7877 | -313.7168 | -2.5679 | -2.8727 |
| 0.4323 | 0.83 | 800 | 0.3929 | -0.9025 | -2.6935 | 0.7897 | 1.7910 | -269.6095 | -308.0414 | -2.6213 | -2.9202 |
| 0.3706 | 0.93 | 900 | 0.3903 | -1.1122 | -3.0257 | 0.8056 | 1.9135 | -272.9316 | -310.1388 | -2.5428 | -2.8416 |
| 0.0496 | 1.04 | 1000 | 0.3991 | -1.4248 | -4.1245 | 0.8016 | 2.6997 | -283.9196 | -313.2651 | -2.5093 | -2.8150 |
| 0.0723 | 1.14 | 1100 | 0.3999 | -1.8789 | -4.5317 | 0.7897 | 2.6528 | -287.9914 | -317.8056 | -2.5170 | -2.8242 |
| 0.0481 | 1.25 | 1200 | 0.4191 | -2.6211 | -5.5294 | 0.7817 | 2.9083 | -297.9687 | -325.2281 | -2.5139 | -2.8109 |
| 0.0432 | 1.35 | 1300 | 0.4070 | -2.0605 | -5.0460 | 0.8056 | 2.9855 | -293.1345 | -319.6214 | -2.5153 | -2.8121 |
| 0.0402 | 1.45 | 1400 | 0.4001 | -2.2445 | -5.0942 | 0.7937 | 2.8497 | -293.6164 | -321.4614 | -2.4383 | -2.7388 |
| 0.0529 | 1.56 | 1500 | 0.4066 | -2.3499 | -5.2468 | 0.8016 | 2.8969 | -295.1426 | -322.5153 | -2.3906 | -2.6963 |
| 0.0651 | 1.66 | 1600 | 0.3962 | -2.0597 | -4.8915 | 0.8016 | 2.8318 | -291.5901 | -319.6136 | -2.3390 | -2.6469 |
| 0.0738 | 1.77 | 1700 | 0.3942 | -1.8893 | -4.6107 | 0.8135 | 2.7214 | -288.7817 | -317.9099 | -2.3532 | -2.6607 |
| 0.0597 | 1.87 | 1800 | 0.3990 | -1.8774 | -4.7221 | 0.8175 | 2.8448 | -289.8961 | -317.7905 | -2.2728 | -2.5908 |
| 0.0686 | 1.97 | 1900 | 0.3924 | -1.8745 | -4.6807 | 0.8056 | 2.8062 | -289.4821 | -317.7617 | -2.2554 | -2.5658 |
| 0.0116 | 2.08 | 2000 | 0.4260 | -2.4687 | -5.7190 | 0.7937 | 3.2503 | -299.8647 | -323.7037 | -2.2297 | -2.5347 |
| 0.0114 | 2.18 | 2100 | 0.4519 | -2.8266 | -6.3706 | 0.7976 | 3.5440 | -306.3802 | -327.2823 | -2.2185 | -2.5219 |
| 0.0073 | 2.28 | 2200 | 0.4563 | -2.9422 | -6.5564 | 0.8016 | 3.6142 | -308.2384 | -328.4384 | -2.2103 | -2.5126 |
| 0.0094 | 2.39 | 2300 | 0.4636 | -3.3246 | -7.0542 | 0.8016 | 3.7296 | -313.2165 | -332.2628 | -2.2059 | -2.5081 |
| 0.0056 | 2.49 | 2400 | 0.4745 | -3.3599 | -7.1652 | 0.7976 | 3.8053 | -314.3266 | -332.6161 | -2.1945 | -2.4943 |
| 0.0052 | 2.6 | 2500 | 0.4812 | -3.4916 | -7.3391 | 0.7976 | 3.8475 | -316.0656 | -333.9322 | -2.1888 | -2.4881 |
| 0.0065 | 2.7 | 2600 | 0.4678 | -3.2226 | -6.9887 | 0.7976 | 3.7661 | -312.5613 | -331.2425 | -2.1644 | -2.4560 |
| 0.0059 | 2.8 | 2700 | 0.4694 | -3.4307 | -7.2484 | 0.7976 | 3.8177 | -315.1584 | -333.3234 | -2.1572 | -2.4483 |
| 0.0054 | 2.91 | 2800 | 0.4707 | -3.4959 | -7.3283 | 0.8056 | 3.8324 | -315.9576 | -333.9758 | -2.1575 | -2.4491 |
Framework versions
- Transformers 4.35.0
- Pytorch 2.1.1+cu121
- Datasets 2.14.6
- Tokenizers 0.14.1
Evaluation during Training
- Loss: 0.4730
- Rewards/chosen: -3.5289
- Rewards/rejected: -7.3700
- Rewards/accuracies: 0.8016
- Rewards/margins: 3.8412
- Logps/rejected: -316.3751
- Logps/chosen: -334.3053
- Logits/rejected: -2.1644
- Logits/chosen: -2.4556