text
stringlengths 2
8.65k
|
|---|
The ability of the FM-CW radar to measure range provides an addi tional basis for obtaining isolation. Echoes from short-range targets-including the leakage signal-may be attenuated relative to the desired target echo from longer ranges by propcrly processing the difference-frequency signal obtained by heterodyning the transmitted and received signals. If the CW carrier is frequency-modulated by a sine wave, the difference frequency oblained by heterodyning the returned signal with a portion of the transmitter signal may be expanded in a trigonometric series whose terms are the harmonics of the modulating frequency/~ .9·18 Assume the form of the transmitted signal to he sin ( 2~{0t + t{ sin 2n;fmt) .m where .fo = carrier frequency fm = modulation frequency 11.f = frequency excursion (equal to twice the frequency derivation) The difference frequency signal may be written t'o = Jo(D) cos (2n;/;it -<Po)+ 2J1(D) sin (2~{4t -t/Jo) cos (2nfmt -<Pm) -2J2(D) COS (21Tf4t -<Po) COS 2(2rrfmt- <Pm) 2J3(D) sin (2~fat -</>o) cos 3(2~fmt -<Pm) + 2J4(D) cos (2rrf4l -</>o) cos 4(2~fmr -<Pm)+ 2Js(D) ··· (3.15) (3.16) . |
222. Sensors 2019 ,19, 743 Figure 8. (a) Relationship between soft soil thickness and subsidence rate. |
The probability that the signal, when present, will be detected is called the probability of detection, Pd, and the probability that a noise fluctuation will be mistaken for a signal is called the false-alarm probability, Pfa. The notations /?max, Pr,min> and (S/N)min can then be replaced by more precise notation, using subscripts to denote the applicable values of Pd and Pfa. How- ever, the/a subscript is ordinarily suppressed, though implied. |
170INTRODUCTION TORADAR SYSTEMS Receiver andservonoise.Another limitation ontracking accuracy isthereceivernoise power. Theaccuracy oftheanglemeasurement isinversely proportional tothe·squarerootofthe signal-to-noise powerratio.2Sincethesignal-to-noise ratioisproportional to1/R4(fromthe radarequation), theangular errorduetoreceiver noiseisproportional tothesquareof thetargetdistance. Servonoiseisthehunting actionofthetracking servomechanism whichresultsfrom backlash andcompliance inthegears,shafts,andstructures ofthemount.Themagnitude of servonoiseisessentially independent ofthetargetechoandwilltherefore beindependent of range. |
LeMehaute and T. Khangaonkar, “Dynamic interaction of intense rain with water waves,” J. Phys. |
The initial image and the image with rotating have been shown in Figure 9. 301. Sensors 2019 ,19,6 3 (a) ( b) Figure 9. |
(13.8). First, the clutter echo power must be large compared to the receiver noise power for Eq. (13.8) to be valid. |
198–204, 1985. 53. R. |
Some aircraft from 172 and 407 squadrons are shown in figure 3.12. It appears that the in-service detection performance of ASV Mk. III was highly variable. |
3, no. 4, pp. 1-9, 1976. |
PERSONNEL AND ANTI |
The local oscillator must normally be positioned by the AFC to hold the signal in the IF bands. As shown, the system folds the doppler frequencies. To avoid this, either quadrature techniques must be employed or a second sidestep be introduced into the refer- ence channel. |
1974. X2.Ewell.G.W.andA.M.Bush:Constrained Improvement MTIRadarProcessors. IEEETrailS.• vol.AI:S-11, pp.76Rno.September. |
29. Mooney, D. H.: Post Detection STC in a Medium PRF Pulse Doppler Radar, U.S. |
The effect, of course, is pre- cisely the same, the electron gun setting up oscillations within the rhumbatron cavity. There are several modi- fications of the reflecting klystron. In one form the reflecting electrode is negative, and repels the electrodes . |
Flannery, Numerical Recipes in C: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd Ed. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1992, pp. 213–222. |
Bull. G éod.1984 ,58, 109–136. [ CrossRef ] 23. |
Only afew ofthese equipments were built owing toprogress inthe development ofacentimetric scanning system, and totheinherent inabil- ityofthe CMHtofind height onmore than one target atatime. The SCR-615 was asimilar U.S. equipment, except that itwas designed asa fixed installation and employed an8-ft dish. |
The best radar receiver is one with the narrowest RF instantaneous bandwidth com - mensurate with the radiated spectrum and hardware limitations and with good frequency and impulse responses. A wide tuning range provides flexibility to escape interference, but if the interference is intentional, as in the case of jamming, a change in RF fre - quency on a pulse-to-pulse basis may be required using switchable or electronically tuned filters. If the RF filtering is located prior to RF amplification, the filter insertion loss will have a dB for dB impact on the receiver noise figure, another sacrifice in noise temperature to achieve more vital objectives. |
LAYER RADOME HAS BEEN USED IN MANY RADOME APPLICATIONS -ATERIALS FOR THIS TYPE HAVE INCLUDED FIBERGLASS |
cc £ 02& 02& 3INUSOIDAL -ODULATIONS 2ADAR PERFORMANCE IS AFFECTED BY BOTH RANDOM AND SINU |
Techniques 5 and 6 are used when the desired targets may have radar cross sections similar to, or smaller than, a bird. Technique 1. STC is the traditional method of suppressing birds and insects in a radar with an unambiguous range PRF (a PRF low enough so that the range to targets and clutter is unambiguous). |
T. (ed.): "Jane's Weapon Systems, 1981-1982," pp. 449-596. |
One set of phase shifters produces a beam directed broadside to the array (0 = 0). Another set of three phase shifters generates a beam in the 8 = + 00 direction. The angle 00 is determined by the relationship 80 = sin -1(ti(j>)./2m/), where Liq, is the phase difference inserted between adjacent elements. |
Traditionally, ovals of Cassini are drawn as contours of a constant received signal power or a received signal-to-noise ratio around a fixed baseline range, L. Although these signal-dependent contours provide a sense of bistatic radar performance, they do not show maximum/minimum detection ranges and coverage for variable base - lines, all parameters of operational interest. To remedy this problem, the concept of a bistatic benchmark range, or more simply benchmark, is introduced. |
Therefore, the 94-GHz-frequency region (3- mm wavelength) is generally what is thought of as a "typical" frequency representative of millimeter radar. The millimeter-wave region above 40 GHz has been further subdivided into . letter bands in the IEEE Standard, as shown in Table 1.1. |
For m = 1 1, e correspotlding frequency range is from i.l83/b to 1.264f0. The ability to radiate frorn tfie nie array over more than one frequency region is of advantage when mutual interference I~etweeti radars is of concern. It can also be of ilrlportance for niilitary applications in wliicli frequency diversity is desired. |
8. Significant Wave Height Corrections Adjustments to the SWH include the attitude/sea-state correction already discussed along with a calibration cor rection implemented via a 256-entry look-up table. Cur rently, the table contains all zero entries. |
FIGURE 25.27 Complex multiply with three real multipliersA BI QSUM+ − DC SUM SUM++ + − SUM− SUM+++ ch25.indd 23 12/20/07 1:40:27 PMDownloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill (www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com) Copyright © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. Any use is subject to the Terms of Use as given at the website. Radar Digital Signal Processing. |
D. Atlas, L. J. |
In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision; Zurich, Switzerland, 6–12 September 2014; pp. 818–833. 36. |
PORT ISOLATION IS USED TO DETERMINE THE POWER LEVEL COUPLED DIRECTLY BETWEEN THE MIXER PORTS WITHOUT FREQUENCY TRANSLATION 4HE SINGLE TONE INTERMODULATION LEVELS SPECIFY THE LEVELS OF THE NF , MF2 SPURIOUS SIGNALS AS DISCUSSED PREVIOUSLY È°xÊ " Ê"- /",- &UNCTIONS OF THE ,OCAL /SCILLATOR 4HE SUPERHETERODYNE RECEIVER UTILIZES ONE OR MORE LOCAL OSCILLATORS AND MIXERS TO CONVERT THE SIGNAL TO AN INTERMEDIATE FRE |
In any given setof precipitation conditions, the (S-band) or 10cm will suffer less attenuationthan the (X-band) or 3cm.Rain In the case of rain the particles which affect the scattering and attenuation take the form of water droplets. It is possible to relate the amount ofattenuation to the rate of precipitation. If the size of the droplet is anappreciable proportion of the 3cm wavelength, strong clutter echoes will beproduced and there will be serious loss of energy due to scattering andattenuation. |
The antenna impedance also changes with a change in feed position. Hence scanning a simple paraboloid antenna by scanning the feed is possible, but is generally limited in angle because o( the deterioration in the antenna pattern after scanning but a few beamwidths ofT axis. Spherical reflectors. |
FORMANCE OF %3! RADARS IS CITED AS A REASON FOR DECREASED UTILIZATION OF REFLECTOR ANTENNAS IN MANY OF TODAYS RADAR SYSTEM DESIGNS (OWEVER THERE ARE STILL APPLICATIONS WHERE THE REFLECTOR ANTENNA IS WELL SUITED TO RADAR APPLICATIONS AND WILL CONTINUE TO FIND APPLICATIONS IN THE FUTURE 4HREE RELEVANT EXAMPLES OF RADAR APPLICATIONS WELL SUITED TO THE USE OF REFLECTOR ANTENNAS ARE BRIEFLY DESCRIBED BELOW ,OW #OST 2ADAR &OR VERY COST |
PULSE CORRELATION PROPERTIES AND TO OBSERVE THE EFFECT OF OFF |
HAND AND |
VAPOR RADIOMETER AND EACH USED ONLY ONE FREQUENCY SO THAT THEY HAD NO IN |
31. Golomb, S. W., and R. |
The difference channels are treated similarly with independent amplitude weighting. This method may be extended to include combinations in the other plane. Amplification on receiving or on both receiving and transmitting may be con - venient at the subarray level. |
The AN/TPS-78 is an update to the AN/TPS-70/75 S-band, three- dimensional tactical radar family developed by the Northrop Grumman Corporation (Figure 13.46). The AN/TPS-78 planar array shown in Figure 13.46 exhibits very low FIGURE 13.45 AWACS antenna ( Courtesy of Northrop Grumman Corporation ) ch13.indd 65 12/17/07 2:41:13 PMDownloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill (www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com) Copyright © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. |
Even under manual control, the detailed shape of the STC curve may have a complex adaptive element to it, in order to optimize thresholds over a broader range. Under automatic settings, thresholding becomes increasingly sophisticated but often still allows some manual optimization. The curve may adapt to internal calcula - tions made on returns from the last pulse or from a succession of pulses. |
IGARSS ’86 , pp. 487–492, 1986. 106. |
CLUTTER RATIO WHERE THE TARGET WAS AN URBAN AREA AND THE CLUTTER WAS REPRESENTED BY A PARK IN THE 3AN &RANCISCO IMAGE USED TO PRODUCE &IGURE (E FOUND THIS WAS OBTAINED WITH TRANSMITTER POLARIZATION HAVING X E BT n n AND RECEIVER POLARIZATION OF XE BT 4HIS COMPARES WITH THE BEST RESULT USING LIKE |
, "UESO |
C., and C. A. Whitmer: "Crystal Rectifiers," MIT Radiation Laboratory Series, vol. |
FIG. 25.10 X-band, vertically polarized, <rfl°, in-plane (<|> = 180°) data summary for rural land.108 Domville data108 within about 10 dB. The Cost data curves do not always ap- proach the bistatic specular ridge monotonically even though the terrain condi- tions appear to be more uniform. |
• For all p, when the target's velocity vector is normal to the bistatic bisector (8 = ± 90°) the bistatic doppler is zero; the vector is tangent to a range-sum ellipse drawn through the target position (a contour of zero target doppler). • For all p < 180°, when the target's velocity vector is colinear with the bistatic bisector, the magnitude of the bistatic doppler is maximum; the vector is also tangent to an orthogonal hyperbola drawn through the target position, which is a contour of maximum target doppler. Isodoppler Contours. |
Under external angle control the antenna either is posi- tioned by external slew commands or is referenced to inertial space or to the Shuttle axes. During automatic operation, angle, angle rate, range, and range rate measurements are made by the radar after track has been initiated. Under exter- nal angle control only range and range rate are measured. |
LOBES IS PLOTTED VERSUS UNAMBIGUOUS RANGE THAT IS AFTER THE RANGE AMBIGUITIES HAVE BEEN RESOLVED !LSO SHOWN ARE THE NORMAL #&!2 THRESHOLD AND THE 34# THRESHOLD VERSUS RANGE ! DISCRETE RETURN IN THE SIDELOBES IS BELOW THE 34# THRESHOLD AND A RETURN IN THE MAIN BEAM IS ABOVE THE THRESHOLD SUCH THAT THE SIDELOBE DISCRETE CAN BE RECOGNIZED AND BLANKED WITHOUT BLANKING THE TARGET IN THE MAIN BEAM 4HE 34# ONSET RANGE REPRESENTS THE RANGE AT WHICH A LARGE DISCRETE TARGET IN THE SIDELOBES EXCEEDS THE #&!2 THRESHOLD. |
However, this is by no means a safe assumption in the absence of specific knowledge. Array an- tennas in particular are likely to have significant ohmic losses in waveguides or coaxial lines used to distribute the power among the radiating elements. If separate transmitting and receiving antennas are used and if their maximum gains occur at different elevation angles (this is a possible though not a common situation), appropriate correction can be made by means of the pattern factors /,(8) and/r(6), contained in the pattern propagation factors Ft and Fr (Sec. |
14. Tarchi, D.; Oliveri, F.; Sammartino, P .F. MIMO radar and ground-based SAR imaging systems: Equivalent approaches for remote sensing. |
! "# ! |
It is shown in Fig. 7.6 for TV = 10. The pattern is repetitive, and the lo- . |
#ANADA # 6ARIOUS TO 1UAD#/3-/ )TALY 8 -ULTI |
Simulated SAR images under the four look directions are given in Figure 12. The parameters of the simulations are shown in Table 5. Figure 11. |
52. Kramer, E.: A Historical Survey of the Application of the Doppler Principle for Radio Navigation. IEEE Trans .. |
Other ferrite phase shifters. There have heen other kinds of ferrite phase shifters develop<.:d over the years based on different principles or on variations of those descrih<.:d above. Although the above phase shifters were discussed primarily as waveguide devices, some of them may he implemented in coax, helical line, and striplinc. |
Kerr, and C. Bachmann, “Automatic recognition of ISAR ship images,” IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems , vol. 32, no. |
Martin, “Silent SentryTM Passive Surveillance,” Aviation Week and Space Technology , June 7, 1999. 51. A. |
È°{n 2!$!2 (!.$"//+ $IRECT $IGITAL 3YNTHESIZER 4HE $IRECT $IGITAL 3YNTHESIZER $$3 PRODUCES WAVEFORMS USING DIGITAL TECHNIQUES AND PROVIDES SIGNIFICANT IMPROVEMENTS IN STABIL |
Rept. TE-77-14, June, 1977. 90. |
NOTCH -4) SECTION AS ILLUSTRATED IN &IGURE 4HE NUMBER OF ZEROS USED IN THE FIXED |
INDEPENDENT CLEARLY NOT IN ACCORD WITH OBSERVATION 4HE FACET MODEL FOR RADAR RETURN IS EXTREMELY USEFUL FOR QUALITATIVE DISCUSSIONS AND SO MODIFICATION TO MAKE IT FIT BETTER WITH OBSERVATION IS APPROPRIATE 4WO KINDS OF MODIFICATION MAY BE USED SEPARATELY OR JOINTLY CONSIDERING THE ACTUAL RERADIATION PATTERN OF FINITE |
Insulation between windings and adequate cooling must also betaken into account indesign. High-power transformers lend themselves most readily tooilinsulation because oftheinsulating and convection-cooling properties oftheoil. Inthelower-power range (200 kwand down) itis usually convenient touse solid dielectric materials, with aconsequent saving inweight and size. |
OF |
Radar System Engineering Chapter 6 – Radar Receiver Noise and Target Detection 31 Figure 6.3 Noise temperature of outer space Tc in Kelvin (cosmic temperature, extended noise sources) seen from the earth for linear polarization, as well as the temperature of the atmospheric absorption noise Ta. The brightness B c is associated with the noise temperature TB by the Rayleigh -Jeans Formula: € Bc=2kTB λ2W m2HzSteradian (6.8) The second special case demonstrates a semi -discrete noise source of the temperature in a na r- row area of the solid angle ΩB. The background radiation is to be neglected. |
When the platform is an aircraft, an on-board Inertial Navigation System (INS) uses accelerometers and gyroscopes to measure the deviations. Sometimes a smaller Inertial Measurement Unit (IMU) relying on the same general principles is “strapped down” very near the antenna. Without an absolute reference frame, the outputs of any INS or IMU will drift with time as errors accumulate. |
We should, if such a feat were humanly pos- sible with components of normal radar values, then get - a fairly straight-line graph of voltage against current. It would, in fact, be a > and not ee ; Naturally no human co-ordination of hand and eye could achieve such a result of controlling the series resistance to limit the voltage in this way, but we can get an approximation of the plan by charging the con-~ lenser through the effective anode resistance of a pen- tode, or through a saturated diode. | _ Except at very low values, the anode current of a pentode is almost independent of its anode voltage—a characteristic of such valves brought about largely by the mechanical construction and geometric placing of _ the electrodes,.and one which is most useful for radar. |
All rights reserved. Any use is subject to the Terms of Use as given at the website. Airborne MTI. 3.30 RADAR HANDBOOK 6x9 Handbook / Radar Handbook / Skolnik / 148547-3 / Chapter 3 decision whether to transform from elements to beams or subarrays. |
The former requires a small overall horn size, while the latter requires large in- dividual horns (Fig. 6.20). Numerous methods have been devised to overcome this problem, as well as the associated high-difference sidelobes. |
Van Dyk, D.A.; Meng, X.L. The art of data augmentation. J.Comput. |
11.25. For viewing angles away from normal incidence, the plate edges are the dominant sources of echo, and the sin (x)/x pattern is the result of the indi- vidual edge contributions changing phase with respect to each other as the aspect angle changes. Noting from Table 11.1 that the radar echoes of straight edges per- pendicular to the line of sight are independent of frequency, the result of Eq. |
Horn: A Low-Loss Microstrip X-band Diode Phase Shifter, 1974 Gollertrnlenr Microcircuir App1ic.arion.s Conference Digest of Papers, pp. 58-59, June, 1974. 23. |
Usually, targets of interest are anisotropic because they contain many dihedral and trihedral structures. Natural clutters and man-made clutters such as lawns, trees, and roads are usually isotropic. Therefore, pixels from these clutters have a lower aspect entropy while pixels from the targets have a higher aspect entropy. |
262–267. 20. “Radar processing subsystem evaluation,” vol. |
The mean-to-median ratioofthecrosssection.whichisameasure oftheamount offluctuation in thecrosssection. isfoundtobeindependent ofthemagnitude oftheradarcrosssectionbutis afunction ofthephysical sizeofthebirdrelativetotheradarwavelength.91Thusmeasure mentsofthemean-to-median ratiomightbeusedtodetermine thesizeofthebirdb"ing observed. Thefluctuations intheradarcrosssectionhavebeenattributed totherelative motions between thevarious partsofthebirdandtochanges inaspect,aswellastothe wing-beat frequency. |
7.)REFERENCECELLS DETECTIONSINTEGRATOR . TABLE 8.1 CFAR Loss for Pfa = 10~6 and P0 = 0.9* * After Ref. 23. |
Gilmour5 reports that the mean time between failures (MTBF) of 11 different applications of klys - trons in radar systems varied from 75,000 hours to 5,000 hours, with an average of 37,000 hours for all 11 applications. (There are 8,760 hours in a year.) The VA-842 ch10.indd 6 12/17/07 2:19:30 PMDownloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill (www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com) Copyright © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. |
13, pp. 313–320, 1978. 75. |
SHAPE LOSS 4HE #ONFIRM DWELL IS TYPICALLY A (273 WAVEFORM AND ONLY EXAMINES DOPPLER FILTERS WITHIN A WINDOW CENTERED ABOUT THE FILTER OF THE !LERT DETECTION CUE 4HE #ONFIRM DWELL MUST PRODUCE A DETECTION CORRESPONDING TO THE !LE RT DETECTION IN ORDER FOR A VALID DETECTION DECLARATION 4HE #ONFIRM DWELL IS USED TO MANAGE FALSE ALERTS AND PROVIDE A RANGE MEASUREMENT FOR TARGET DETECTIONS 4HE !LER T AND #ONFIRM DETEC |
This consists of one or more omnidirectional antennas and cancelation circuitry used in conjunction with the signal from the main radar antenna. Jamming noise in the omnidirectional antennas is made to cancel the jamming noise entering the side lobes of the main antenna.52 An antenna can also be designed to have very low sidelobe levels to reduce the efTcct of sidclobc jamming. Low sidelobe antennas require unobstructed siting if reflections from nearby objects arc not to degrade the sidelobe levels. |
TO |
Mil. Microwaves Conf., pp. 103-108, London, Oct. |
\60\ |
3HIPBOARD 3EARCH 2ADAR 4HE !.303 |
For certain FFT configurations, radix-4 and higher- radix butterflies provide some computational savings. Figure 25.42 shows a radix-2, 8-point FFT. The phase shifts are represented as complex weights WNk, where N is the number of points in the FFT and k indicates the particular phase shift applied. |
Next, the team acquired an Avro Anson, K6260, which was well-suited to airborne rada r experiments and the team developed a fully airborne radar installation, RDF 2 , on 1.25 m, which could reliably detect ships at ranges of 3 –4 miles. The transmitter output of RDF 2 was about 800 W with two 316 A valves in push –pull, using the self-modulating or squegging principle to produce a pulse length of about 1 μs and a pulse repetition frequency (PRF) of about 1 kc/s. The receiver used RCA ‘Acorn ’valves in the RF and mixer stages and the display was a 9 ″Cossor CRT with an exponential time base. |
FIGURE 12.31 Extended feed region improves sidelobes of offset feed (used on ARSR-4): ( a) ray geometry and ( b) curved feed FIGURE 12. 32 ARSR-4 low-sidelobe reflector with offset array feed ( Courtesy Northrop Grumman Corporation ) ch12.indd 30 12/17/07 2:31:37 PMDownloaded from Digital Engineering Library @ McGraw-Hill (www.digitalengineeringlibrary.com) Copyright © 2008 The McGraw-Hill Companies. All rights reserved. |
Sensors 2018 ,18, 3750 performance based on global sparsity in this paper is obviously superior to that obtained by the traditional processing approach. Figure 7. Comparison for imaging performance of four approaches under different SNRs. |
For alossless line halfawavelength long 2,=2,, (2) irrespective ofthe characteristic impedance ofthe line. This principle has many uses also, particularly induplexers (Sec. 11.5) and mixers (Sec. |
Another problem is the vul- nerability of the map to pulsed interference from other radars. Clutter map AGC can serious degrade other critical signal-processing func- tions, and the following fundamental incompatibilities prevent its successful ap- plication to many types of radars: • Suppression of clutter by doppler filtering is degraded by change of attenuation from one interpulse period to the next. • Control of false alarms in distributed clutter (rain, sea) can be degraded by change of attenuation from one range sample to the next (see Sec. |
Oneofthepurposes ofAGCinanyreceiver istopreventsaturation bylargesignals.The scanning modulation andtheerrorsignalwouldhelostifthereceiver weretosaturate. Inthe conical-scan tracking radaranA(iCthatmaintains thed-clevelconstant resultsinanerror signalthatisatrueindication oftheangular pointing error.Thed-clevelofthereceiver must hemaintained constant iftheangularerroristobelinearly relatedtotheangle~error signal voltage. ~. |
CHAPTER 10 THE MAGNETRON AND THE PULSER BY G.B.COLLINS, J.V.LEBACQZ, AND M. G.WHITE THE MAGNETRON BY G.B.COLLINS Strenuous efforts were made bythe British, beginning about 1938, todevelop high-power pulsed sources ofradiation atvery high frequen- cies, because ofthe operational need formicrowave radar. Two lines of attack were followed. |
It is difficult to make a precise comparison of bistatic and rnonostatic radars because of the dissimilarity in their geometries. The coverage of a monostatic radar is basically hemispherical. while the bistatic radar coverage is more or less planar. |
TO |
The phase of the coho is then related to the phase of the transmitted pi~lse and may be used as the reference signal for echoes received from that particular transmitted pulse. Upon the next transmission another IF locking pulse is generated to relock the phase of the CW coho until the next locking pulse comes along. The type of MTI radar illustrated in Fig. |
This CW radar uses frequency modulation of the waveform to allow a range measurement. Surveillance radar . Although a dictionary might not define surveillance this way, a surveillance radar is one that detects the presence of a target (such as an aircraft or a ship) and determines its location in range and angle. |
RANDOM |