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After a road win, the Steelers returned home to take on the Ravens. The Steelers scored first in the first quarter as Ben Roethlisberger hooked up with Heath Miller on a 3-yard touchdown pass making the score 7-0. Justin Tucker then got the Ravens on the board after nailing a 36-yard field goal shortening the lead to 7-3. In the 2nd quarter, the Steelers moved ahead by a touchdown as Shaun Suisham nailed a 34-yard field goal to make the score 10-3. The Ravens moved within 4 as Tucker nailed a 38-yard field goal for a 10-6 game at halftime with the Steelers leading. After the break, the Steelers went back to work in the 3rd quarter as Suisham kicked a 28-yard field goal for a 13-6 lead. The Ravens drew within 4 points again in the fourth quarter as Tucker kicked a 32-yard field goal for a 13-9 score. Again, the Steelers retaliated and moved ahead by 7 points as Suisham kicked a 38-yard field goal for a 16-9 lead. However, Joe Flacco was able to find Dallas Clark on a 1-yard touchdown pass tying the game at 16-16. The Steelers managed to drive down the field for the game-winning field goal as Suisham nailed it from 42 yards out for a final score of 19-16 sending the Steelers to a 2-4 start.

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Pittsburgh scored the game's first points, with Jeff Reed converting on field goals from 34 and 42 yards in the first quarter. Santonio Holmes received a pass from Ben Roethlisberger in the second quarter and ran for a touchdown to give the Steelers a 13–0 lead. Baltimore's Willis McGahee ran into the endzone for a touchdown with 2:44 remaining in the second quarter—bringing the halftime score to 13–7. Reed converted his third field goal of the game from 46 yards in the third quarter. McGahee scored his second touchdown of the game with 9:32 remaining in the final quarter bringing the Ravens within two points. Troy Polamalu intercepted a pass from Joe Flacco and returned it 40 yards to score the final touchdown of the game, giving Pittsburgh a 23–14 victory.

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Midway through the third quarter, Pittsburgh drove 51 yards and scored with Reed's third field goal of the game, making the score 16–7. But in the fourth quarter, the Ravens took advantage of another key special teams play when Mitch Berger's punt went just 21 yards to the Baltimore 42-yard line. Flacco then led the Ravens 58 yards, completing 4 of 4 passes for 44 yards on the way to a 1-yard touchdown run by McGahee, cutting their deficit to 16–14. Baltimore's defense subsequently forced a punt and got the ball back on their own 14-yard line with just over six minutes left in the game. But four plays later, safety Troy Polamalu intercepted a pass from Flacco, ran all the way across the field, and took off for a 40-yard touchdown return, making the score 23–14. Pittsburgh then put the game away by forcing two more turnovers on the Ravens next two drives. First, a hit by Ryan Clark on McGahee forced a fumble that was recovered by linebacker Lawrence Timmons; McGahee suffered a concussion and was removed from the field on a stretcher. Then after a punt, Tyrone Carter intercepted a pass from Flacco with less than a minute left in the game.

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Ben Roethlisberger threw an interception during their second play of overtime, handing the win to Dallas. With the overtime loss, the Steelers enabled the arch-rival Ravens (9–5) to secure their fifth consecutive playoff berth by dropping to 7–7 on the season, thus moving them down to third place in the AFC North with their playoff hopes in jeopardy. Pittsburgh also finished their regular season at 3–5 in road games after dropping to 0–2 at Cowboys Stadium (the other loss there was to the Packers in Super Bowl XLV).

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Polamalu's fourth-quarter interception return for a touchdown in the 2008 AFC Championship game against the Baltimore Ravens helped the Steelers clinch a victory en route to another Super Bowl appearance. At Super Bowl XLIII, he got two assisted tackles in the Steelers victory over the Cardinals, 27–23.

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In the third quarter, the Steelers would respond to Baltimore's score with Reed nailing a 46-yard field goal. The Ravens would creep closer as McGahee rushed for a 1-yard touchdown. However, in the fourth quarter, Pittsburgh pulled away as safety Troy Polamalu returned an interception 40 yards for a touchdown. Baltimore tried to mount a comeback, but the Steelers' defense was too much to overcome.

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Stabler was drafted in the second round of the 1968 NFL Draft by the Oakland Raiders. He did not get a chance to play until 1970, and during 1968 and 1969 spent time playing with the Spokane Shockers in the Continental Football League. Stabler first attracted attention in the NFL in a 1972 playoff game against the Pittsburgh Steelers. After entering the game in relief of Daryle Lamonica, he scored the go-ahead touchdown late in the fourth quarter on a 30-yard scramble. The Steelers, however, came back to win on a controversial, deflected pass from Terry Bradshaw to Franco Harris, known in football lore as the Immaculate Reception.

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In 2004 John Fetkovich, an emeritus professor of physics at Carnegie Mellon University, analyzed the NFL Films clip of the play. He came to the conclusion, based on the trajectory of the bounced ball and conservation of momentum, that the ball must have bounced off Tatum, who was running upfield at the time, rather than Fuqua, who was running across and down the field. Fetkovich also performed experiments by throwing a football against a brick wall at a velocity greater than 60 feet per second, twice the speed Fetkovich calculated that Bradshaw's pass was traveling when it reached Tatum and Fuqua. Fetkovitch achieved a maximum rebound of 10 feet when the ball hit point first, and 15 feet when the ball hit belly first, both less than the 24 feet that the ball actually rebounded during the play. Timothy Gay, a physics professor and a longtime Raiders fan, cited Fetkovich's work with approval in his book The Physics of Football, and concluded that 'the referees made the right call in the Immaculate Reception.'

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On December 23, 1972, Swearingen was the referee for an AFC Divisional Playoff game between the Pittsburgh Steelers and the Oakland Raiders at Three Rivers Stadium. The game is famous for a play known as the The Immaculate Reception. With 22 seconds remaining and Oakland leading 7–6, Pittsburgh was on its own 40-yard line on 4th and 10. Terry Bradshaw threw to John 'Frenchy' Fuqua, but safety Jack Tatum collided with Fuqua sending the ball wobbling backward. Rookie running back Franco Harris then scooped up the ball, running untouched into the end zone.

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Tatum was involved in one of the most famous plays in National Football League history, the Immaculate Reception, during the AFC divisional playoff game against the Pittsburgh Steelers on December 23, 1972. With 22 seconds left in the game, Steelers quarterback Terry Bradshaw threw a pass to running back John 'Frenchy' Fuqua. Tatum collided with Fuqua, knocking the ball into the air. The ball fell into the hands of Steelers running back Franco Harris, who ran it 42 yards for the game-winning touchdown. The play is famous because NFL rules at the time prohibited a receiver from batting the ball to another player of the same team. The referees ruled that Tatum had touched the ball and therefore Harris's touchdown was permitted, allowing the Steelers to win the game.

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After Raiders quarterback Ken Stabler scored a touchdown on a 30-yard run with 1:17 left, the Pittsburgh Steelers trailed the Oakland Raiders 7–6, facing fourth-and-10 on their own 40-yard line with 22 seconds remaining in the game and no time-outs. Head coach Chuck Noll called a pass play, 66 Circle Option, intended for receiver Barry Pearson, a rookie who was playing in his first NFL game. Steelers quarterback Terry Bradshaw (1 in diagram), under great pressure from Raiders linemen Tony Cline and Horace Jones, threw the ball to the Raiders' 35-yard line, toward halfback John 'Frenchy' Fuqua. Raiders safety Jack Tatum collided with Fuqua just as the ball arrived (2). Tatum's hit knocked Fuqua to the ground and sent the ball sailing backward several yards, end over end. Steelers fullback Franco Harris, after initially blocking on the play, had run downfield in case Bradshaw needed another eligible receiver. He scooped up the sailing ball just before it hit the ground (3). Harris ran past Raiders linebacker Gerald Irons, while linebacker Phil Villapiano, who had been covering Harris, was blocked by Steelers tight end John McMakin (4). Harris used a stiff arm to ward off Raiders defensive back Jimmy Warren (5), and went in for a touchdown. The touchdown gave the Steelers a 13–7 lead, allowing them to win the game, as time had expired during Harris' run.

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Like most stadiums demolished during this time whose replacements were located nearby (including the Civic Arena over a decade later), the site of Three Rivers Stadium mostly became a parking lot. Much like the Pittsburgh Penguins would do with the site of Civic Arena, the Steelers retained development rights to the site of Three Rivers, and would later build Stage AE on portions of the site, as well as an office building that hosts the studios for Root Sports Pittsburgh, the headquarters of StarKist Tuna, and the regional headquarters of Del Monte Foods. On December 23, 2012, on the 40th anniversary of the Immaculate Reception, the Steelers unveiled a monument at the exact spot where Franco Harris made the reception in the parking lot. In 2015, the Pittsburgh Post-Gazette moved into a new office building also built on a portion on the site after 53 years in the former Pittsburgh Press building and more than two centuries in Downtown.

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On December 23, 2012, on the 40th anniversary of the play just hours before the Steelers hosted the Cincinnati Bengals, the Steelers unveiled a monument at the exact spot where Harris made the reception at a parking lot just outside Heinz Field, where Three Rivers Stadium used to be. This is the third such monument that commemorates the play in the city with the other two located at the Pittsburgh International Airport and the Heinz History Center. The Steelers lost the game to the rival Bengals 13–10 and were officially eliminated from the playoffs that year.

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Heinz Field is a stadium located in the North Shore neighborhood of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, United States. It primarily serves as the home to the Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL) and the Pittsburgh Panthers of the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). The stadium opened in 2001, after the controlled implosion of the teams' previous stadium, Three Rivers Stadium. The stadium is named for the locally based H. J. Heinz Company, which purchased the naming rights in 2001. It hosted the 2011 NHL Winter Classic between the Pittsburgh Penguins and Washington Capitals on January 1, 2011. On September 10, 2016 it hosted the Keystone Classic, which featured a renewal of the Penn State-Pitt football rivalry, setting a new attendance record at 69,983 people.

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After its closing, Three Rivers Stadium was imploded in 2001, and the Pirates and Steelers each moved into newly built stadiums: PNC Park and Heinz Field, respectively.

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Three Rivers Stadium was imploded on February 11, 2001 at 8:03 a.m. on a chilly day. Over 20,000 people viewed the implosion from Point State Park. Another 3,000-4,000 viewing from atop Mount Washington and an uncounted number of people viewed the demolition from various high points across the city. Mark Loizeaux of Controlled Demolition, Inc. pushed the button that set off the 19-second implosion, while Elizabeth and Joseph King pushed the 'ceremonial old fashioned dynamite plunger'. The demolition cost $5.1 million and used 4,800 pounds of explosive. With the newly constructed Heinz Field only 80 feet away, effects from the blast were a concern. Doug Loizeaux, vice president of Controlled Demolition, Inc., was happy to report that there was no debris within 40 feet of Heinz Field.

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The Steelers excelled on defense and led the NFL in fewest points (13.9) and yards (237.2) allowed per game, while also ranking second in sacks with 51. Up front, their line was anchored by defensive end Aaron Smith, who recorded 60 tackles and six sacks. Behind him two of the Steelers starting linebackers ranked among the top-ten sack leaders in the NFL, LaMarr Woodley (11.5 sacks) and Pro Bowler/NFL Defensive Player of the Year James Harrison (16 sacks). Pro Bowl linebacker James Farrior was also a big contributor, recording 3.5 sacks and leading the team with 133 tackles. The Steelers secondary was led by pro bowl safety Troy Polamalu, who ranked second in the NFL with a career-high seven interceptions.

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In 2007, ESPN.com named the 1976 Steelers the greatest defense in NFL history, noting, 'the 1976 unit was the best (slightly better than the '75 squad). Here's why: 28. That's how many points the Steel Curtain surrendered in the last nine games of the season. That's a total. As a result, Pittsburgh, which started the season 1–4, made it all the way to the AFC Championship Game.... The '76 Steelers didn't have it easy – their opponents had a .528 winning percentage. But they had these guys: Hall of Famers Mean Joe Greene, Jack Lambert, Jack Ham and Mel Blount. And eight Steelers defensive players made the 1976 Pro Bowl team: cornerback J.T. Thomas, defensive end L.C. Greenwood, Greene, Ham, Lambert, defensive back Glen Edwards, safety Mike Wagner, and Blount.'

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The 3–4 defense generally uses four defensive backs. Two of these are safeties, and two of them are cornerbacks. A cornerback's responsibilities vary depending on the type of coverage called. Coverage is simply how the defense will be protecting against the pass. The corners will generally line up 3 to 5 yards off the line of scrimmage, generally trying to 'Jam' or interrupt the receivers route within the first 5 yards. A corner will be given one of two ways to defend the pass (with variations that result in more or less the same responsibilities): zone and man-to-man. In zone coverage, the cornerback is responsible for an area on the field. In this case, the corner must always stay downfield of whomever it is covering while still remaining in its zone. Zone is a more relaxed defensive scheme meant to provide more awareness across the defensive secondary while sacrificing tight coverage. As such, the corner in this case would be responsible for making sure nobody gets outside of him, always, or downfield of him, in cases where there is no deep safety help. In man coverage, however, the cornerback is solely responsible for the man across from him, usually the offensive player split farthest out.

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Former teammate Andy Russell called Greene 'unquestionably the NFL's best player in the seventies,' saying 'No player had a greater impact or did more for his team.' Greene and coach Noll are widely credited with turning the Steelers franchise around. The Steelers finished 1970 with a 5–9 record and went 6–8 in 1971. Greene was invited to the Pro Bowl in both seasons. In 1972, Pittsburgh finished 11–3 and won its first division title and its first playoff game—the 'Immaculate Reception' game against the Oakland Raiders. During the season, Greene tallied eleven quarterback sacks and 42 solo tackles, and he was recognized as the AP NFL Defensive Player of the Year. Miami Dolphins head coach Don Shula lauded Greene, saying, 'He's just a super super star. It's hard to believe he isn't offside on every play. He makes the other team adjust to him.' By this time, Noll had built a formidable defense. 'We have maybe 10 guys now capable of making All-Pro,' said Greene in 1972. 'I'm just like all the other guys, doing my best in a team effort.'With the drafting of defensive tackle Ernie Holmes in 1972, the Steelers assembled what became known as the 'Steel Curtain' defensive line of Greene, Holmes, L. C. Greenwood, and Dwight White. Greene was invited to the Pro Bowl for 1973, joining White and Greenwood on the American Football Conference (AFC) roster.

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For the 2005 Marine operation, see Operation Steel Curtain. The Steel Curtain was the front four of the defensive line of the 1970s American football team Pittsburgh Steelers of the National Football League (NFL). This defense was the backbone of the Steelers dynasty, which won four Super Bowls (IX, X, XIII, and XIV), in six years.

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The first experiments with predation and spatial heterogeneity were conducted by G.F. Gause in the 1930s, based on the Lotka-Volterra equation, which was formulated in the mid-1920s, but no further application had been conducted. The Lotka-Volterra equation suggested that the relationship between predators and their prey would result in population oscillations over time based on the initial densities of predator and prey. Gause's early experiments to prove the predicted oscillations of this theory failed because the predator–prey interactions were not influenced by immigration. However, once immigration was introduced, the population cycles accurately depicted the oscillations predicted by the Lotka-Volterra equation, with the peaks in prey abundance shifted slightly to the left of the peaks of the predator densities. Huffaker's experiments expanded on those of Gause by examining how both the factors of migration and spatial heterogeneity lead to predator–prey oscillations.

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It is fairly clear that predators tend to lower the survival and fecundity of their prey, but on a higher level of organization, populations of predator and prey species also interact. It is obvious that predators depend on prey for survival, and this is reflected in predator populations being affected by changes in prey populations. It is not so obvious, however, that predators affect prey populations. Eating a prey organism may simply make room for another if the prey population is approaching its carrying capacity.

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Intraguild predation is common in nature and widespread across communities and ecosystems. Intraguild predators must share at least one prey species and usually occupy the same trophic guild, and the degree of IGP depends on factors such as the size, growth, and population density of the predators, as well as the population density and behavior of their shared prey. When creating theoretical models for intraguild predation, the competing species are classified as the 'top predator' or the 'intermediate predator,' (the species more likely to be preyed upon). In theory, intraguild predation is most stable if the top predator benefits strongly from feeding on the intermediate predator, and if the intermediate predator is a better competitor for the shared prey resource.

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In the wilderness, the problem of overpopulation is often solved by a growth in the population of predators. Predators tend to look for signs of weakness in their prey, and therefore usually eat the old or sick animals first. This has the effect of controlling the prey population and ensuring its evolution in favor of genetic characteristics that render it less vulnerable to predation (and the predator may co-evolve, in response).

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Tweet. Key difference: Predator hunts Prey. A predator is an animal who hunts other animals; while, a prey is that animal that is hunted by other animal. Both, of these animals are necessary for maintaining the ecological balance of the Earth.redator. Prey. These are. Animals that hunt or attack other animals. Animals that are being hunted or attacked by other animals. In the prey-predator relationship, they are. These are dominant organism. These are submissive organism.

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Apex predators affect prey species' population dynamics. Where two competing species are in an ecologically unstable relationship, apex predators tend to create stability if they prey upon both. Inter-predator relationships are also affected by apex status. Non-native fish, for example, have been known to devastate formerly dominant predators. One lake manipulation study found that when the non-native smallmouth bass was removed, lake trout, the suppressed native apex predator, diversified its prey selection and increased its trophic level.

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Raccoons and skunks are common in the neighborhoods. In the wild, mountain lions and bobcats roam around, along with foxes and coyotes. The apex predator is the American black bear.

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The giant trevally is an apex predator in most of its habitats, and is known to hunt individually and in schools. The species predominantly takes various fish as prey, although crustaceans, cephalopods and molluscs make up a considerable part of their diets in some regions. The species has some quite novel hunting strategies, including shadowing monk seals to pick off escaping prey, as well as using sharks to ambush prey. The species reproduces in the warmer months, with peaks differing by region. Spawning occurs at specific stages of the lunar cycle, when large schools congregate to spawn over reefs and bays, with reproductive behaviour observed in the wild. The fish grows relatively fast, reaching sexual maturity at a length of around 60 cm at three years of age. The giant trevally is both an important species to commercial fisheries and a recognised gamefish, with the species taken by nets and lines by professionals and by bait and lures by anglers. Catch statistics in the Asian region show hauls of 4000-10 000 tonnes, while around 10 000 lbs of the species is taken in Hawaii each year. The species is considered poor to excellent table fare by different authors, although ciguatera poisoning is common in the fish. Dwindling numbers around the main Hawaiian Islands have also led to several proposals to reduce the catch of fish in this region.

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Examples of Paleocene crocodylians are Borealosuchus (formerly Leidyosuchus) formidabilis, the apex predator and the largest animal of the Wannagan Creek fauna, and the alligatorid Wannaganosuchus.

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What Predators Will Eat A Bottlenose Dolphin? What eats a bottlenose dolphin, or preys on members of any dolphin species? Actually, the dolphin is usually one of the top, or apex predators in its ocean environment, and full-grown dolphins have little to fear from other marine creatures.

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The ecology of Homo sapiens has been noted as being that of an unprecedented 'global superpredator' that regularly preys on the adults of other apex predators and has worldwide effects on food webs. Extinctions of species have occurred on every land mass and ocean, with many famous examples within Africa, Asia, Europe, Australia, North and South America, and on smaller islands. Overall, the Holocene extinction can be characterized by the human impact on the environment. The Holocene extinction continues into the 21st century, with overfishing, ocean acidification and the amphibian crisis being a few broader examples of an almost universal, cosmopolitan decline in biodiversity.

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Within an ecological food chain, consumers are categorized into three groups: primary consumers, secondary consumers, and the tertiary consumers. Primary consumers are usually herbivores, feeding on plants and fungus. Secondary consumers, on the other hand, are mainly carnivores, and prey on other animals. Omnivores, who feed on both plants and animals, can also be considered a secondary consumer. Tertiary consumers, sometimes also known as apex predators, are usually at the top of food chains, capable of feeding on secondary consumers and primary consumers. Tertiary consumers can be either fully carnivorous or omnivorous. Humans are one such example of a tertiary consumer.

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Fishing has had a devastating effect on marine organism populations for several centuries even before the explosion of destructive and highly effective fishing practices like trawling. Humans are unique among predators in that they regularly predate on other adult apex predators, particularly in marine environments; bluefin tuna, blue whales, and various sharks in particular are particularly vulnerable to predation pressure from human fishing. A 2016 study published in Science concludes that humans tend to hunt larger species, and this could disrupt ocean ecosystems for millions of years. Jonathan Payne, associate professor and chair of geological sciences at Stanford University, explains: 'If this pattern goes unchecked, the future oceans would lack many of the largest species in today’s oceans. Many large species play critical roles in ecosystems and so their extinctions could lead to ecological cascades that would influence the structure and function of future ecosystems beyond the simple fact of losing those species.'

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The question of whether or not homo sapiens qualifies as an apex predator is a complex one that has been subject to various analyses for years. The highly varied environments that human beings have lived in (and continue to live in) coupled with the similarly highly varied behaviors of human cultures towards animals make generalizations particularly difficult; though as omnivores that far and away consume more plant matter than meat, humans have the organized ability to drive other species into extinction as well as threatened status vastly unlike any other animal. The topic has been explored in publications such as the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences and Scientific American, with disputed results.

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Humans have a large effect on the world. Humans are at the top of the food chain and are generally not eaten by any animals. Humans have been described as Super Predators because of this. Because of industry and other reasons humans are said to be a big cause of global climate change.

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Q: What do carnivorous plants eat? Dinner! Gross! Hybrid Nepenthes A: It depends on where they live. Many carnivorous plants, such as Utricularia and Aldrovanda, live with their traps submerged in water. These plants capture very small prey like rotifers and daphnia, and even larger aquatic prey such as mosquito larvae and even fish fry. Traps in the genus Genlisea can even capture protozoans, and some scientists think they are specialized specifically to do so!

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Or do you think of plants? Probably not, right? After all, plants aren't the most exciting living things in the world. Or are they? They just sit there and soak up water and nutrients from the soil and the sun, right? Or do some plants do more? Would you believe that there are some plants that eat insects and even small animals from time to time? It's true! We call these exotic things carnivorous plants. Although most carnivorous plants eat small insects, larger carnivorous plants in tropical areas have been known to capture rats, birds, and frogs. One carnivorous plant that many students are familiar with is the Venus flytrap. Its unique jaws can be triggered by flies and other small insects.

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INSECTIVOROUS PLANTS. An insectivorous plant, also called a carnivorous plant, captures prey items, such as insects, spiders, crustaceans, mites, and protozoans, as a nitrogen source.

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Carnivorous plants are plants which get nutrients from trapping and eating animals. They are often called insectivorous plants, because they usually trap insects. Since they get some of their food from animals, carnivorous plants can grow in places where the soil is thin, or poor in nutrients.

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Because insects are one of the most common prey items for most carnivorous plants, they are sometimes called insectivorous plants. It is not surprising that the most common habitat for these plants is in bogs and fens, where nutrient concentrations are low but water and sunshine seasonally abundant.

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Broadcast 18 January 1995, this programme is about how plants gain their sustenance. Sunlight is one of the essential requirements if a seed is to germinate, and Attenborough highlights the cheese plant as an example whose young shoots head for the nearest tree trunk and then climb to the top of the forest canopy, developing its leaves en route. Using sunshine, air, water and a few minerals, the leaves are, in effect, the 'factories' that produce food. However, some, such as the begonia, can thrive without much light. To gain moisture, plants typically use their roots to probe underground. Trees pump water up pipes that run inside their trunks, and Attenborough observes that a sycamore can do this at the rate of 450 litres an hour — in total silence. Too much rainfall can clog up a leaf's pores, and many have specially designed 'gutters' to cope with it. However, their biggest threat is from animals, and some require extreme methods of defence, such as spines, camouflage, or poison. Some can move quickly to deter predators: the mimosa can fold its leaves instantly when touched, and the Venus flytrap eats insects by closing its leaves around its prey when triggered. Another carnivorous plant is the trumpet pitcher that snares insects when they fall into its tubular leaves. Attenborough visits Borneo to see the largest pitcher of them all, Nepenthes rajah, whose traps contain up to two litres of water and have been known to kill small rodents.

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Make a soil mixture for the Venus flytrap. This plant naturally grows in very poor soil, and gets most of its nutrients by eating insects and spiders. In order to replicate the plant's natural growing medium, make a mixture of 2/3 sphagnum moss and 1/3 sand.

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The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.[3] It catches its prey chiefly insects and arachnids with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the ...

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The rapid closure of the Venus flytrap (Dionaea muscipula) leaf in about 100 ms is one of the fastest movements in the plant kingdom. This led Darwin to describe the plant as 'one of the most wonderful in the world' 1. The trap closure is initiated by the mechanical stimulation of trigger hairs.ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.

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Plants also don't have complex muscles and tendons to grab food, chew it, swallow it and process it. The Venus Flytrap completes the entire process by way of a specialized set of leaves that is both mouth and stomach in one.ven without a brain to analyze what it's eating, the Venus Flytrap still manages to differentiate between insects and non-edible debris that might fall into its trap. This step is also mediated by the six sensitive trigger hairs.

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The Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen- and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs. Small in stature and slow-growing, the Venus flytrap tolerates fire well, and depends on periodic burning to suppress its competition. Fire suppression threatens its future in the wild. It survives in wet sandy and peaty soils. Although it has been successfully transplanted and grown in many locales around the world, it is native only to the coastal bogs of North and South Carolina in the United States, specifically within a 60-mile radius of Wilmington, North Carolina. One such place is North Carolina's Green Swamp. There also appears to be a naturalized population of Venus flytraps in northern Florida as well as an introduced population in western Washington. The nutritional poverty of the soil is the reason that the plant relies on such elaborate traps: insect prey provide the nitrogen for protein formation that the soil cannot. The Venus flytrap is not a tropical plant and can tolerate mild winters. In fact, Venus flytraps that do not go through a period of winter dormancy will weaken and die after a period of time.

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Make sure to use a pure water like distilled or rain water. The more sun you give them the healthier they will be. The Venus flytrap is native to North and South Carolina thus it is not a tropical plant and does not like to be kept in warm growing conditions all of the time.

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The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.he Venus flytrap is found in nitrogen-and phosphorus-poor environments, such as bogs and wet savannahs.

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The Venus flytrap (also referred to as Venus's flytrap or Venus' flytrap), Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina.ealthy Venus flytraps will produce scapes of white flowers in spring; however, many growers remove the flowering stem early (2 3 inches), as flowering consumes some of the plant's energy, and reduces the rate of trap production. If healthy plants are allowed to flower, successful pollination will result in seeds.

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Venus Fly Trap. Genus Dionaea. There is only one wild species of Venus flytrap (Dionaea Muscipula) but there are hundreds of cultivars (variations) that have been created by selective breeding. Venus flytraps originate from North Carolina in the South Eastern part of the USA.here is only one wild species of Venus flytrap (Dionaea Muscipula) but there are hundreds of cultivars (variations) that have been created by selective breeding. Venus flytraps originate from North Carolina in the South Eastern part of the USA.

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The Venus flytrap, a carnivorous plant, is native to North and South Carolina in the United States. About 33% of the prey of the Venus flytrap are ants of various species. They lure their prey with a sweet sap. Once the prey has entered the trap and within about 3 seconds has touched two or three 'trigger hairs', bristles on the surface of the trap, the leaf closes around the prey, confining it behind the 'teeth' on its perimeter, and digests it. The majority of ants that were captured included non-native RIFAs, and three other species of ants. Other carnivorous plants, such as sundews (Drosera) and various kinds of pitcher plants also trap many ants.

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Predation. When an insect touches the bristles on the lobes of a Venus fly trap, the lobes close quickly, engulfing the insect. The movement of the insect inside the lobes causes the flytrap to secrete digestive enzymes that kill the insect.

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The Venus flytrap, Dionaea muscipula, is a carnivorous plant native to subtropical wetlands on the East Coast of the United States in North Carolina and South Carolina. It catches its prey chiefly insects and arachnids with a trapping structure formed by the terminal portion of each of the plant's leaves, which is triggered by tiny hairs on their inner surfaces. When an insect or spider crawling along the leaves contacts a hair, the trap prepares to close, snapping shut only if another ...

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Learn more about this article. The Venus flytrap, as its name suggests, is able to catch and digest insects. Insects are attracted to the small traps by the bright pigment and the nectar secreted by a row of glands situated just below the teeth of the trap (5).ost carnivorous plants selectively feed on specific prey. This selection is due to the available prey and the type of trap used by the organism. With the Venus flytrap, prey is limited to beetles, spiders and other crawling arthropods.

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Flies and bugs are attracted to the scent of them, so when they land on a censor the trap shuts, eats, and then it will digest the fly or bug using special enzymes. The Venus Fly Trap-is a carnivorous plant.Its leaves form two halves of a hinged 'trap'. When an insect crawls over the surface, it trips 'trigger hairs' on the leaf, which snaps shut in a split-second. The insect is then dissolved by digestive enzymes. See the related link for a photograph in Wikipedia.orms play the most important part in our ecosystem. They clean it up and do the natural recycling. They eat the left over organic material and make the soil fertile. The path ¦ ways created when they move help the soil breath and drink.

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Pinguicula vulgaris, the common butterwort, is a perennial carnivorous plant in the bladderwort family Lentibulariaceae. It grows to a height of 3–16 cm, and is topped with a purple, and occasionally white, flower that is 15 mm or longer, and shaped like a funnel. This butterwort grows in damp environments such as bogs and swamps, in low or subalpine elevations. It has a generally circumboreal distribution, being native to almost every country in Europe as well as Russia, Canada, and the United States. Being native to environments with cold winters, they produce a winter-resting bud (hibernaculum). There are three forms originating from Europe: P. vulgaris f. bicolor which has petals that are white and purple; P. vulgaris f. albida which has all white petals; and P. vulgaris f. alpicola which has larger flowers. The taxonomic status of these forms is not universally recognised - see e.g. The Plant List.

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The National Audubon Society considers Lewis Ocean Bay Heritage Preserve 'a place of birding significance.' It includes black bears, red-cockaded woodpeckers, and orchids. It is one of the few places to find Venus flytrap growing naturally, and Coastal Carolina University biology professor James Luken predicted that in South Carolina, where the species once was found in four counties, the Venus flytrap could soon be found only in the preserve. In the bays themselves, which dry up in the summer, are blueberry, huckleberry, fetterbush and zenobia, along with sweetbay, catbriar, gallberry, titi. pinweed, cowbane, bearded grass pink, buckeye, and balduina. Surrounding the bays are shrub bogs called pocosins with pond pine and loblolly pine. Other plants include mulberry bushes, wax myrtle bushes, and the pitcher plant. Other animal life includes bald eagles, raccoons, foxes, squirrels, and quail. Longleaf pine savannas can be found between the bays, though slash pine has been planted. Dwarf live oak and turkey oak are also found. Pottery provides evidence of Native American campsites. Biologist Steve Bennett said the people who camped here hunted deer, which are still hunted today.

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Sarracenia flava, the yellow pitcherplant, is a carnivorous plant in the family Sarraceniaceae. Like all the Sarraceniaceae, it is native to the New World. Its range extends from southern Alabama, through Florida and Georgia, to the coastal plains of southern Virginia, North Carolina and South Carolina. Populations also exist in the Piedmont and mountains of North Carolina.

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NATIVE PLANT LIST - North Carolina and South Carolina. This is a starter list of native plants for North Carolina and South Carolina. It is intended for residential or commercial landscapers who want to create attractive and varied native landscapes. Find another Native Plant List!

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Native Plant List for Coastal South Carolina. This list of plants is composed only of plants native to the coastal plain of South. Carolina, and was developed for Dewees Island. The plants are therefore somewhat. tolerant of salty or brackish conditions and may not include all plants that would be. appropriate for freshwater riparian areas.

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Predator-prey populations tend to show chaotic behavior within limits, where the sizes of populations change in a way that may appear random, but is in fact obeying deterministic laws based only on the relationship between a population and its food source illustrated by the Lotka–Volterra equation. An experimental example of this was shown in an eight-year study on small Baltic Sea creatures such as plankton, which were isolated from the rest of the ocean. Each member of the food web was shown to take turns multiplying and declining, even though the scientists kept the outside conditions constant. An article in Journal Nature stated; 'Advanced mathematical techniques proved the indisputable presence of chaos in this food web ... short-term prediction is possible, but long-term prediction is not.'

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The Lotka–Volterra predator–prey model describes the basic population dynamics under predation. The solution to these equations in the simple one-predator species, one-prey species model is a stable linked oscillation of population levels for both predator and prey. However, when time lags between respective population growths are modeled, these oscillations will tend to amplify, eventually leading to extinction of both species. The Ricker model exemplifies this dynamic.

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Several factors play into these fluctuating populations and help stabilize predator–prey dynamics. For example, spatial heterogeneity is maintained, which means there will always be pockets of plants not found by herbivores. This stabilizing dynamic plays an especially important role for specialist herbivores that feed on one species of plant and prevents these specialists from wiping out their food source. Prey defenses also help stabilize predator–prey dynamics, and for more information on these relationships see the section on Plant Defenses. Eating a second prey type helps herbivores’ populations stabilize. Alternating between two or more plant types provides population stability for the herbivore, while the populations of the plants oscillate. This plays an important role for generalist herbivores that eat a variety of plants. Keystone herbivores keep vegetation populations in check and allow for a greater diversity of both herbivores and plants. When an invasive herbivore or plant enters the system, the balance is thrown off and the diversity can collapse to a monotaxon system.

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A change in the size of one population affects all other organisms within the ecosystem. This is shown particularly clearly by the relationship between predator predator: An animal that hunts, kills and eats other animals for food. and prey prey: organisms that predators kill for food populations.

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Joshua Weitz, a professor at Georgia Tech’s School of Biology, said that particular phenotypes can show up as dominant depending upon changes in the environment around them. When both predator and prey are evolving at the same time, and the predator population has drastic effects on prey, the prey may realize they have the ability to overcome smaller numbers of predators and evolve to a predator-type role.

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According to Georgia Institute of Technology research, prey and predator roles have cycles where the prey population may increase, thereby causing the predator population to increase as well. But sometimes the predator population overwhelms the prey to the point of devastating the prey population, subsequently resulting in a devastation of the predator population. Some studies indicate that the roles of each may become reversed to the point that prey begin to eat the predators.

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The hunting of juveniles has developed as an effective anti-predator strategy and role reversal. Young predators are at risk from members of their own species and competitors, and they may also be vulnerable to adults of prey species, as young predators pose nearly no predation risk to adult prey. An experiment where juvenile prey were exposed to adult predators while they developed were more likely to kill juvenile predators as adults than prey that was not exposed as juveniles. Increased levels of attack against juvenile predators can deter the adult predators, as the adult predators will avoid locations where their young may be attacked. This in turn reduces the risk of predation on the prey species.

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Predator–prey reversal is a biological interaction where an organism that is typically prey in the predation interaction instead acts as the predator. A variety of interactions are considered a role reversal.One type is where the prey confronts its predator and the interaction ends with no feeding. Two competing predators may interact and the larger predator will prey on the smaller. Smaller organisms may prey on larger organisms. Changing population densities may trigger a role reversal. In addition, adult prey may attack juvenile predators.

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Algebraic equations and graphs were used to analyze data to reenact predator–prey reversal roles. The conclusion of this experiment showed that roles between species can reverse when the usual prey populations decrease to significantly low levels, causing the predators to decrease in population size also. Once this occurs, prey then begin to build up their population numbers and as they do, they prey on their original predators.

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Another example of a multi-trophic interaction is a trophic cascade, in which predators help to increase plant growth and prevent overgrazing by suppressing herbivores. Links in a food-web illustrate direct trophic relations among species, but there are also indirect effects that can alter the abundance, distribution, or biomass in the trophic levels. For example, predators eating herbivores indirectly influence the control and regulation of primary production in plants. Although the predators do not eat the plants directly, they regulate the population of herbivores that are directly linked to plant trophism. The net effect of direct and indirect relations is called trophic cascades. Trophic cascades are separated into species-level cascades, where only a subset of the food-web dynamic is impacted by a change in population numbers, and community-level cascades, where a change in population numbers has a dramatic effect on the entire food-web, such as the distribution of plant biomass.

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One major problem with both the diversity-productivity and diversity-stability debates discussed up to this point is that both focus on interactions at just a single trophic level. That is, they are concerned with only one level of the food web, namely plants. Other research, unconcerned with the effects of diversity, has demonstrated strong top-down forcing of ecosystems (see keystone species). There is very little actual data available regarding the effects of different food webs, but theory helps us in this area. First, if a food web in an ecosystem has a lot of weak interactions between different species, then it should have more stable populations and the community as a whole should be more stable. If upper levels of the web are more diverse, then there will be less biomass in the lower levels and if lower levels are more diverse they will better be able to resist consumption and be more stable in the face of consumption. Also, top-down forcing should be reduced in less diverse ecosystems because of the bias for species in higher trophic levels to go extinct first. Lastly, it has recently been shown that consumers can dramatically change the biodiversity-productivity-stability relationships that are implied by plants alone. Thus, it will be important in the future to incorporate food web theory into the future study of the effects of biodiversity. In addition this complexity will need to be addressed when designing biodiversity management plans.

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Predatory large mammals are important for increasing overall diversity by making sure that smaller predators and herbivores do not become overabundant and dominate. Absence of large predators seems to result in uneven densities of prey species. Even though certain animals may not have become completely extinct, they may have lowered in numbers to the point that they have suffered an ecological extinction. The animals that have most likely suffered an ecological extinction in neotropical forests are the ones who are the most important predators, large seed dispersers, and seed predators.

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Predators may increase the biodiversity of communities by preventing a single species from becoming dominant. Such predators are known as keystone species and may have a profound influence on the balance of organisms in a particular ecosystem. Introduction or removal of this predator, or changes in its population density, can have drastic cascading effects on the equilibrium of many other populations in the ecosystem. For example, grazers of a grassland may prevent a single dominant species from taking over.

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How It Works: Garage Door Opener. The garage door dies some time during its 13,476th operation, while it's being closed. It goes out without much drama there's no audible snap as the torsion spring breaks, no parts dangle loose in telltale failure, and the motor sill lights up, strains and stops.

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The IR sensors can go bad. Not a very common problem though. I'd check rough alignment first, then inspect the wiring (it's exposed wiring so many things can bump into them). A pair of sensors is pretty cheap, but if all of a sudden your garage door refuses to close all the way it could be what's going on.

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When any object, such as a child or pet, runs through the light beam created by these sensors while the door is closing, the door immediately stops and reverses. If your garage door opener does not have a safety reversing feature, or if the one it does have no longer works, replacing the opener is highly recommended.

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I understand your concern with how long a garage door opener will last. We are here to help. Garage door openers have a life expediency of 10-15 years.However,they have been know to last as long as 25-30 years. It just depends on weather conditions and if proper maintenance is performed to the door and opener.When the keyless entry battery is replaced it may need to be reprogrammed.e are here to help. Garage door openers have a life expediency of 10-15 years. However,they have been know to last as long as 25-30 years. It just depends on weather conditions and if proper maintenance is performed to the door and opener. When the keyless entry battery is replaced it may need to be reprogrammed.

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Average Lifespan of Garage Door Openers. On average, a garage door opener should last about 10 15 years. This isn't to say your operator won't last longer than this.Remember it's an average.ritten on: April 22nd, 2014 BY Myohd IN Garage Doors. The garage door opener (the motorized device that controls the door's operation) is one of the most important parts of your garage door. If you're on the market for a new garage door (and opener), you're probably wondering how long it is going to last.

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1 2 by 4 wood. 2 Turn the limit adjustment screw clockwise. 3 Do this if your garage door does not open completely but opens roughly 5 feet. 4 Now, if your garage door only closes partially, you will need to turn the down adjustment screw to the counterclockwise position. 5 Check your garage door opener sensors.hus, it is important to have your garage door adjustment in proper working order. Things you need to adjust your garage door opener. 1 Screw driver. 2 2 by 4 wood. 3 Turn the limit adjustment screw clockwise. 4 Do this if your garage door does not open completely but opens roughly 5 feet.

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Are you wondering how long the garage door openers last? Has your garage door opener started acting up or have the parts on the operator started failing? Based on feedbacks from many manufactures, and product researchers, the average life span of an overhead door opener is roughly 10 years. How well does a garage door opener really work? There are many different factors that determine how well your opener works; such as its quality, maintenance, usage, etc.

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Check the Remote Control. The lightest and most easily damaged of garage door opener repair parts, the handheld remote control is often at the root of a malfunctioning garage door. Check to ensure the remote's battery is installed and properly seated.

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Garage Door Troubleshooting. This page should help you troubleshoot your garage door problems. While many problems that keep the door from opening are caused by broken springs, a lot of other parts could be keeping your door from functioning properly. One of the more difficult problems for Do-It-Yourselfers to diagnose is a worn cable pulley on an extension spring door. There are, of course, many other problems that can keep your garage door from functioning properly. Click on a problem below to see the possible causes and solutions. Bottom of the door is up on one side. Door closes only if you hold in the push button. Door closes part way and then reverses. Door is cocked. Door is jammed.

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On average, homeowners report paying $210 to have a garage door opener repaired by a handyman. Most homeowners pay between $170 and $250 for the cost of such a repair project.The minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350.If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.he minimum reported cost to repair a broken garage door opener is $50, while the most costly repair may amount to $350. If an electrician is needed to repair faulty wiring, the cost of the repair will increase.

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Since the springs of the door will often require a professional repair specialist since the springs are a bit dangerous to repair, this estimated garage door opener spring repair cost could climb up to as much as $500.emember that the heavier the door, the more springs that you will need and of course, the more that it will cost. If your door only has one torsion spring and that the door is just like any basic steel garage door, you can expect to spend around $150 up to $200. This will also depend on your location.

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A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $319.

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According to our garage door repair cost estimator, the average price to replace a garage door is $202. However, this average includes a variety of projects ranging from fiberglass repair, faulty cables or broken panels.

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A typical service call will include a manual inspection of the door and opener. Then adjustments can be made including spring tension, chain/belt tension, limits and force adjustments and door lubrication. Fees for this service vary from place to place, but garage door repairs typically cost between $148 and $321.

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A garage door installation service charges $421 to replace an electric garage door opener in a typical two-car garage, which includes the labor and material. If you're a handy homeowner, you can replace an old unit with a new one for $210, the garage door opener installation cost, and save 50 percent.The units are sold online and at home centers and hardware stores.ow you know the average cost to install a garage door opener, which includes the labor and material, and what's involved, so you can decide to do it yourself or hire a contractor. Don't forget to adjust the cost to where you live by adding your ZIP Code.

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A garage door installation service charges $421 to replace an electric garage door opener in a typical two-car garage, which includes the labor and material. If you're a handy homeowner, you can replace an old unit with a new one for $210, the garage door opener installation cost, and save 50 percent.The units are sold online and at home centers and hardware stores.f you're a handy homeowner, you can replace an old unit with a new one for $210, the garage door opener installation cost, and save 50 percent. The units are sold online and at home centers and hardware stores.

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A garage door installation service charges $421 to replace an electric garage door opener in a typical two-car garage, which includes the labor and material. If you're a handy homeowner, you can replace an old unit with a new one for $210, the garage door opener installation cost, and save 50 percent.ow you know the average cost to install a garage door opener, which includes the labor and material, and what's involved, so you can decide to do it yourself or hire a contractor. Don't forget to adjust the cost to where you live by adding your ZIP Code.

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The cost of a garage door opener will depend on the horsepower, the brand and if you choose a professional to install it. A chain-driven opener can cost $150 to $350, while a belt-driven opener can cost $200 to $300. A screw-driven opener can cost $180 to $300. The popular Liftmaster garage door opener, for example, can cost $165 to $220. Genie, another popular brand, can cost $115 to $250, depending on the horsepower and features. The average cost to install a new garage door opener can cost anywhere from $200 to $550. Adding in the opener costs mentioned above, your total could be anywhere from $350 for a simple replace to $1,100+ for both the opener and installation job.

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According to DIYOrNot.com, it will cost between $200 and $425 to install a single new garage door opener.

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The new photo eyes and wall button are designed to work with your new opener. If the wires that run from your opener to the photo eyes and to the wall button are exposed, replace them, too. Those wires have probably been in your garage for 10 years or more, and they may be nicked or worn.ip 3: Choose the right opener. When buying an opener, choose a 1/3 hp or 1/2 hp opener for a single garage door (1/3 hp can be hard to find at some home centers). Go with 1/2 hp for a double door and 3/4 hp for a door that has a wood or faux wood overlay (they can be heavy!).

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1. Determine how much power your garage door needs. Garage door openers are found in three different sizes: 1/3 horsepower, 1/2 horsepower and 3/4 horsepower. 1 You will need to examine if you need an opener to lift one or two doors.2 You will also need to take into consideration the material and size of the door.etermine how much power your garage door needs. Garage door openers are found in three different sizes: 1/3 horsepower, 1/2 horsepower and 3/4 horsepower.

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Answer Wiki. 1 Answer. Well before buying garage door opener you first need to determine. How much power does your motor requires i.e. whether you need 1/2 horsepower,1/3 horsepower or 3/4 horsepower. What type of drive system you want i.e, chain,belt and screw drive systems.

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How to Choose a Garage Door Opener. With so many different types of garage door openers on the market, you may not be sure where to start. The main consideration for a garage door opener is the drive type, which refers to the actual chain, belt, or other mechanism that moves and lifts the door. In some circumstances, the horsepower output of the motor should be considered as well, but typically in commercial or industrial settings.

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If you're looking to get a little more creative with your smart home gadgetry, try out something like Garageio. Echo can connect with this device to tell you if you've left your garage door open. You can even say, Alexa, tell Garageio to close my garage door, and she will.

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Open and close your garage door from anywhere with your Smartphone. Receive alerts when the garage door opens and closes. With Chamberlain's MyQ Garage, your Smartphone, Wi-Fi and any compatible garage door opener, you are committed in control. The Chamberlain MyQ Smartphone app is free with no monthly fees.

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The $130 Chamberlain MyQ Garage Door Opener lets you open and close your garage door from anywhere with an Internet connection. It also grants you the ability to set custom alerts and monitor the open/closed status of your garage door.