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Trade unions in Chad | There are five recognized trade union confederations in Chad as of 2021:
Union of Trade Unions of Chad (UST; )
Free Confederation of Chadian Workers (CLTT; )
Confederation of Trade Unions of Chad (CST; )
Trade Union Confederation of Workers of Chad (CSTT; )
Independent Confederation of Trade Unions of Chad (CIST; )
The International Trade Union Confederation (ITUC) recognizes two affiliates, Free Confederation of Chadian Workers and Union of Trade Unions of Chad. ITUC recently rejected an affiliation request from the Confederation of Trade Unions of Chad, but remains open to the Independent Confederation of Trade Unions of Chad.
The UST is seen by the UN Human Rights Committee as the most representative union in its 2013 report.
Repression
The ITUC ranked Chad a score of 4 on the Global Rights Index in 2024, due its frequent repression of trade union leaders including arrests, union busting and restrictions on strikes.
History
French trade unions maintained outposts in French Chad, before Chad was decolonized in 1960. The first president of the new state, François Tombalbaye was a trade unionist in the 1940s.
In 1964, under the one-party rule of the Chadian Progressive Party, the National Union of Chadian Workers (UNTT; ) was established by merging all existing unions (except Christian unions) and had a combined membership of 8,000 salaried workers. In 1968, remaining groups were absorbed into the re-branded confederation National Union of Workers of Chad (UNATRAT; ). By 1972 its membership increased to 12,000. Some of the membership supported the FROLINAT insurgency group, but trade union support was not influential. In 1975 strikes were made illegal and in 1976 public-sector employees were barred from joining unions (both repealed in the 1996 Constitution).
In 1988, UNATRAT was re-launched as National Union of Unions of Chad (UNST; ) which dissolved shortly after in 1990 when President Déby rose to power. Previous members of UNST split into two directions. Dissidents formed the present day Free Confederation of Chadian Workers (CLTT; ), affiliated to the World Confederation of Labour, while loyalists to the new Déby regime staged a general strike, in order to reinstate UNST. The government agreed, as long as UNST changed its name, so its successor Union of Trade Unions of Chad (UST; ) was re-established.
See also
Trade unions in Cameroon
Notes
References
External links
Chad | 77,770,195 |
Capparis lucida | Capparis lucida, commonly referred to as the coast caper, is a versatile plant that often grows as a small tree or a shrub, usually reaching heights of 3 to 4 meters. While it may sometimes climb, it typically produces flowers and fruits as a shrub. The leaves are glossy and range from 3 to 10 cm long and 2 to 5 cm wide, with a noticeable central vein and smaller veins forming loops near the edges. Both the petioles (the stalk attaching the leaf to the stem) and twigs are covered in fine, soft hairs.
The flowers of the coast caper are quite distinct, featuring sepals (the outer parts of the flower) that are 9 to 13 mm long. The outer sepals are fused into a cap-like structure that splits open unevenly, while the inner sepals remain separate. The petals are white or pale, about 15 to 20 mm long, and there are a striking number of stamens (the pollen-producing parts) — anywhere from 50 to 85. The long stalk that supports the ovary, called the gynophore, can be 25 to 65 mm long and is hairy at the base.
The fruit is a round, smooth-skinned berry, about 2.5 to 5 cm in diameter, containing many seeds. Each seed is around 6 mm long and has a unique spiraled embryo with folded cotyledons (the first leaves of the seedling).
Although this plant can host caper whites (Belenois java teutonia) and chalk whites (Elodina parthia) successfully, it is not their preferred host plant. Caper gulls (Cepora perimale scyllara) have been recorded to lay on this plant.
thumb|Cepora perimale on a coastal caper plant
Seedlings
The young seedlings have lance-shaped cotyledons that are 22 to 30 mm long and 11 to 15 mm wide, with a pointed tip and a rounded base. By the tenth leaf stage, the leaves become more oval, and the plant develops straight, spiny stipules (small leaf-like structures) about 4 to 7 mm long. The stem is covered with tiny, translucent white hairs that are hooked at the tips. Seeds of the Coast Caper typically germinate within 19 to 32 days.
Distribution and habitat
The coast caper is found in several regions across Australia, including Western Australia, Cape York Peninsula, Northeast Queensland, and Central East Queensland. Its range extends as far south as southeastern Queensland and northeastern New South Wales. The plant prefers low elevations, usually close to sea level, and is commonly seen in coastal forests, vine thickets, and monsoon forests. It's also found in Malesia, a region encompassing Malaysia, Indonesia, and surrounding islands.
Synonyms
Capparis lucida has been known by several other names:
Capparis lucida (DC.) Benth. f. lucida
Thilachium lucidum DC.
Busbeckea corymbiflora F.Muell.
References
Category:Shrubs
Category:Malesia
Category:Flora of Western Australia
lucida | 77,770,113 |
John Hutchings (slave trader) | thumb|Hutchings was Jackson's wife's sister's son
John Hutchings (November 20, 1817) was a nephew by marriage of American slave trader, militia leader, and U.S. president Andrew Jackson. He was Jackson's partner in his general stores, and his slave-trading operation.
Biography
Hutchings was a son of Rachel Donelson Robards Jackson's older sister Catherine Donelson. Surviving letters from William C. C. Claiborne and Hutchings himself show that they were regularly providing Jackson with updates on Hutchings' success in selling "negroes" and horses that he had brought down from Tennessee to Mississippi. Claiborne wrote to Jackson in 1801, "I can assure you, with great truth, that Mr. Hutchings is a prudent, amiable young man, & is very attentive to your Interest." On Christmas Day 1801 Hutchings wrote Jackson with his own update, "I shall meet with no dificulty to sell the negres." A surviving letter from Hutchings to Jackson from an 1804 journey reporting on a journey from Stones River to New Orleans reads as follows:
During the fiercely contested 1828 presidential election, an opponent of Jackson editorialized about Hutchings possibly receiving preferential treatment and an unearned officer's commission during the War of 1812, asking, "Was not your nephew Capt. John Hutchings mustered into service (as Captain) the 1st October, 1814, and did he not immediately leave the service, and return home to attend your race horses, or his own, and never again joined the Army until after the battle of N. Orleans, of about that time, and all this with your knowledge and consent." According to the Tennessee State Library and Archives, which holds a collection of Hutchings family papers, "Jackson and Hutchings acquired large tracts of land near Milton's Bluff and in northern Alabama near Florence. Sometime after the Treaty of Fort Jackson (1814), Hutchings moved to Huntsville where he maintained a large plantation."
John Hutchings married Mary Smith, who was the daughter of William Smith, a U.S. Senator from South Carolina. He died in 1817 and is buried about 20 miles northeast of Athens, Alabama, under a marker commissioned by Jackson that reads:
A. J. Hutchings
thumb|Andrew Jackson Hutchings (1815–1841)
Andrew Jackson became the guardian of John and Polly Hutchings' orphaned son, Andrew Jackson Hutchings, and raised him at the Hermitage. According to Harriet Chappell Owsley this was Hutchings' dying wish. Andrew and Rachel Jackson traveled to Alabama to sit at Hutchings' deathbed; their trusted slave Hannah Jackson watched the Jacksons' adopted sons Andrew Jackson Jr. and Lyncoya Jackson while they were gone.
Hutchings was educated at the Hermitage alongside Andrew Jackson Jr. and Lyncoya Jackson. He joined his cousins Andrew Jackson Jr., Samuel Jackson Hays, and Daniel Donelson in Washington in October 1829 during the first year of Jackson's presidency. He eventually married Mary Coffee, a cousin and a daughter of Jackson's longtime ally John Coffee. They had four children together, only one of whom survived to adulthood, dying in 1863. There is a surviving letter from Andrew Jackson to A. J. Hutchings advising him, "If you get in debt you will be a slave." Andrew Jackson Hutchings died in 1841.
References
Category:1770s births
Category:1817 deaths
Category:19th-century American merchants
Category:19th-century American slave traders
Category:Andrew Jackson
Category:People from Huntsville, Alabama
Category:Donelson family | 77,770,110 |
Portrait of Lord Beresford | Portrait of Lord Beresford is an 1815 portrait painting by the English artist William Beechey of the British general William Beresford, 1st Viscount Beresford.Walker p.41 Saywell & Simon p.52
The sitter was born in 1768 as the illegitimate son of the Irish aristocrat George Beresford, 1st Marquess of Waterford and therefore had links to many of the Anglo-Irish elite. Entering the British Army he became known for his service during the Napoleonic Wars. He was involved in the Egyptian Campaign and the failed expedition to Buenos Aires. He distinguished himself in the Peninsular War and was made Marshal of the Portuguese Army, serving under the Duke of Wellington.Bowen & Bowen p.42 In 1814 he was made Viscount Beresford.
Along with Thomas Lawrence and Martin Archer Shee, Beechey had emerged as one of Britain's leading portrait painters following the death of the President of the Royal Academy Joshua Reynolds.https://chronicle250.com/1802 He increasingly adapted his style to suit the fashion of the Regency era, dominated by Lawrence. Beresford sat for Beechey not long after the Treaty of Paris drove Napoleon into exile on Elba. Beresford is shown in the uniform of a Marshal of Portugal and wears the decorations of Peninsular Gold Cross as well as the British Order of the Bath and the Portuguese Order of the Tower and Sword. Today the painting is in the collection of the National Portrait Gallery on Trafalgar Square.https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw08106/William-Carr-Beresford-Viscount-Beresford A mezzotint print by Charles Turner based on Beechey's work is also in the Gallery's collection.https://www.npg.org.uk/collections/search/portrait/mw17144/William-Carr-Beresford-Viscount-Beresford?LinkID=mp00387&role=sit&rNo=4
References
Bibliography
Beresford, Marcus de la Poer. Marshal William Carr Beresford. Merrion Press, 2018.
Bowen, Desmond & Bowen, Jean. Heroic Option: The Irish in the British Army. Pen and Sword, 2005.
Roberts, William. Sir William Beechey, R. A. Duckworth and Company, 1907.
Saywell, David & Simon, Jacob. Complete Illustrated Catalogue. National Portrait Gallery 2004.
Walker, Richard John Boileau. Regency Portraits, Volume 1. National Portrait Gallery, 1985.
Category:1815 paintings
Category:Paintings by William Beechey
Category:Paintings in the National Portrait Gallery, London | 77,770,088 |
Conference of State Governors (Austria) | The Conference of State Governors () is an informal – not provided for in the Constitution of Austria – meeting of the nine state governors.
Alongside the Federal Council, the Austrian upper house, it is the second most important body for co-operation between the states as well as for federalism in the Austrian political system (in the modern Austria).
The Council of state governors is considered to be "the most powerful governing institution of the federal states" and a motor for strengthening the federal state", the Federal Council itself is regarded as having little influence in Austria.
Its importance is also reflected in the fact that although it has no constitutional basis, numerous legal texts refer to it.
Functioning
At the Conference of State Governors, an attempt is made to establish a common channel for representing the interests federal states in order to be able to take this unified position and to confront the federation in negotiations. They developed in the 1960s and have met regularly from the 1970 onwards.
They are prepared by the state government directors (Vienna: the magistrate director),
who then participate in the conferences together with the state governors. Generally also a representative of the federal government - the chancellor or a federal minister - attend the conference. Talks with the president also occur. According to established practice, the presidency between the states changes every six months and in alphabetical order of the states in parallel with the change of the Federal Council. In addition tot the half-yearly meetings, the Conference of State Governors also convenes extraordinary meetings when urgent matters arise. The Liaison Office of the States acts as the secretariat of the conference. There are no written rules of procedure.
The Conference of State Governors only take decisions unanimously. Due to the informal nature of the meetings, decisions will not be published, but will be made available to the participants and the federal government, insofar as it is affected by them. These decisions are not legally binding, but have a significant political impact. Due to their unanimity, they represent a reliable - albeit potentially minimal - common position at the state level.
The conference is particularly important for the fiscal redistribution from the federal government to the states and the "eternal construction" reform of the federal states.
History
In 1968, the then Governor of Salzburg, Hans Lechner (ÖVP) explained the functioning of the Conference of State Governors in the ORF broadcast of Österreich-Bild.
On the 100th anniversary of the foundation of the republic of Austria an extraordinary conference took place in 2018 which also addressed the relationship between the federal states as regions in the European Union.
See also
Conference of Ministers-President – German equivalent
European Council
Region (Europe)
European Committee of the Regions
Executive federalism
External links
Conference of State Governors 2013
Conference of State Governors, in politik-lexikon.at
Results of the Conference of State Governors’ (November 2021)
Austrian delegation of the European Committee of the Regions
References
Category:Government institutions
Category:Politics of Austria by state
Category:Federalism in Austria
Category:Executive federalism | 77,770,014 |
Kim Skogsrud | Kim Eugen Skogsrud (born 14 April 1993) is a Norwegian former footballer who played as a defender.
Club career
Early career
Raised in Oslo with his twin brother, Tom, the pair began their footballing career with Skeid. They were scouted by English Premier League side Manchester City, going on trial in April 2008 before going on to sign a contract in November of the same year. Having made the move to Manchester in the summer of 2009, the brothers were housed with a host family, and Skogsrug later described his struggles adapting to life at a professional football club in England, stating the changes were a "culture shock" to him.
After two years with Manchester City, the brothers were offered deals with Scottish side Rangers, and accepted contracts in May 2011 which made them the highest paid academy players in the club's history. However, the club went into administration in February 2012, and following relegation to the Scottish Football League Third Division, the brothers left the club with one year left on their two-year deals.
Return to Norway
On their return to Norway, the twins joined Norwegian First Division side Sandefjord. After two years, in which he featured sparingly, Skogsrud was loaned to fellow Norwegian First Division side Strømmen in August 2014 following an injury sustained earlier in the year.
Having departed Sandefjord in March 2015, Skogsrud joined Norwegian Second Division side Egersund, also taking up an apprenticeship as a plumber. He would go on to re-join former side Skeid in 2018, also reuniting with his brother, who had joined the club a year earlier. He left the club after two seasons, retiring at the age of twenty-six.
International career
Skogsrud represented Norway from under-15 to under-19 level.
Personal life
While in Glasgow playing for Rangers, Skogsrud met his future wife, with whom he would have two children. Having returned to Norway, Skogsrud and his brother began working for their father's plumbing company.
Career statistics
Club
+ Appearances and goals by club, season and competitionClubSeasonLeagueCupOtherTotal DivisionAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsAppsGoalsSandefjord20121. divisjon4010106020131503000180201400000000Total1904010240Sandefjord 220123. divisjon60–00602013151–00151201420–0020Total2310000231Strømmen (loan)20141. divisjon1000000100Strømmen 2 (loan)20143. divisjon32–0032Egersund20152. divisjon26010002702016240200026020172222000242Total7225000772Egersund 220174. divisjon30–0030Skeid20182. divisjon251300028120191. divisjon2002000220Total4513000481Sagene20237. divisjon95000095Career total184111400019811
Notes
References
Category:1993 births
Category:Living people
Category:Norwegian men's footballers
Category:Norway men's youth international footballers
Category:Men's association football central defenders
Category:Norwegian First Division players
Category:Norwegian Second Division players
Category:Norwegian Third Division players
Category:Norwegian Fourth Division players
Category:Skeid Fotball players
Category:Manchester City F.C. players
Category:Rangers F.C. players
Category:Sandefjord Fotball players
Category:Strømmen IF players
Category:Egersunds IK players
Category:Norwegian expatriate men's footballers
Category:Norwegian expatriate sportspeople in England
Category:Norwegian expatriate sportspeople in Scotland
Category:Expatriate men's footballers in England
Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Scotland | 77,769,857 |
Clarence Hui | Clarence Hui (Chinese:许愿; Pinyin: Xu Yuan), is a Hong Kong songwriter, producer, choreographer, actor and author, best known for his collaborations with Leslie Cheung Kwok-wing, Sandy Lam, Jacky Cheung, for his work as a choreographer at TVB, and as the author of Walking On Air. Hui was most active in the 1980s and 1990s writing Cantopop songs creating hits, including 今生今世 (In My Lifetime)、野花 (Wildflower)、爱上一个不回家的人.
Early life
Hui attended Simon Fraser University in Canada as a performing arts student. He was mentored by musical theater master Grace Macdonald, which led him to become a stage actor. Throughout his career, he has been influenced by both traditional Chinese culture and Hong Kong pop music. After meeting a TVB producer in Vancouver, he signed a talent contract with TVB in Hong Kong, afterwards assisting in music and dance production for their shows.
Career
After returning to Hong Kong, Hui was hired by TVB, his official entry into the Hong Kong music scene. He contributed to the production of concerts and variety shows. His first assignment was to work with Leslie Cheung, who would later become a musical collaborator. Hui shared his expertise with his peers in the music industry, helping them develop their stage careers. Over time, he became a mentor in Hong Kong, actively participating in the development of Hong Kong pop music. His students include names such as Sandy Lam, Jacky Cheung, Aaron Kwok, Jordan Chan, G.E.M., and Della Ding.
Infinity and Beyond 2022
In 2022, Hui became a coach on the Chinese television singing show Infinity and Beyond 2022.
Walking On Air
In 2023, Hui published his first book, 离地半尺 (Walking On Air), to broaden the knowledge and awareness of Cantopop local Hong Kong music scene. The book covers the Hong Kong music market during the 1970s and 1980s. Hui describes the creative process from inception, relating stories of the inspiration for each song and how it was written.He dedicates the book to the late Richard Lam Chun-keung, a prolific Cantopop lyricist and his "brother in music."
References
Category:Hong Kong songwriters
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:Place of birth missing (living people)
Category:Simon Fraser University alumni | 77,769,844 |
Eve Riskin | Eve Ann Riskin is an American electrical engineer and academic administrator, the dean for undergraduate education at the Stevens Institute of Technology. Her research has concerned image compression and video compression, focusing in particular on the video transmission of American Sign Language over low-bandwidth networks.
Education and career
Riskin is originally from the Lawrenceville section of Lawrence Township, Mercer County, New Jersey.McDonald, Sandy. "Interview with Dr. Eve Riskin, Dean of Undergraduate Education", The Stute, September 16, 2022. Accessed September 3, 2024. "Finally I’m from Lawrence Township and it’s so nice to be back home."Annual Commencement: Order of Exercises, Stanford University, p. 76, 1987. Accessed September 4, 2024. "Eve Ann Riskin, Lawrenceville, New Jersey, Dissertation: Variable Rate Quntization of Images" After starting in computer science, she switched to electrical engineering as an undergraduate at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and graduated in 1984. She then went to Stanford University for graduate study, earning two master's degrees in electrical engineering and operations research in 1985 and 1986 respectively, and completing her Ph.D. in electrical engineering in 1990. Her doctoral dissertation, Variable Rate Vector Quantization of Images, was supervised by Robert M. Gray.
She became an assistant professor of electrical engineering at the University of Washington in 1990. At the University of Washington, she became associate dean of engineering in 2005, led the ADVANCE Center for Institutional Change, and founded the Washington STate Academic RedShirt (STARS) program for disadvantaged students. She moved to the Stevens Institute of Technology as dean for undergraduate education and professor of electrical engineering in 2022.
Recognition
Riskin was elected as an IEEE Fellow in 2009, "for contributions to variable-rate image and video compression and to engineering education". She was a 2020 recipient of the Presidential Award for Excellence in Science, Mathematics, and Engineering Mentoring.
References
External links
Category:Year of birth missing (living people)
Category:Living people
Category:People from Lawrence Township, Mercer County, New Jersey
Category:Engineers from New Jersey
Category:American electrical engineers
Category:American women engineers
Category:Women electrical engineers
Category:Data compression researchers
Category:People involved with sign language
Category:Massachusetts Institute of Technology alumni
Category:Stanford University alumni
Category:University of Washington faculty
Category:Stevens Institute of Technology faculty
Category:Fellows of the IEEE | 77,769,797 |
An Ubhal as Àirde (The Highest Apple) | "An Ubhal as Àirde (The Highest Apple)" is a 1995 single released by Scottish celtic rock band Runrig. The release of the single marks the second stand alone single release by the band, preceded by "This Time of Year" a year earlier in 1994. The song gave Runrig their highest placing to date on the UK Singles Charts, becoming their first UK Top 20, debuting at number eighteen in May 1995.
The song made history when it came the first song to be sung in Scottish Gaelic to chart on the UK Singles Chart.
Release and performance
The song was released in 1995, and marked the second stand alone single to be released by the band. Upon its release, Billboard claimed that the song was aiming for "major chart success" in the United Kingdom, primarily as a result of its use in an television advert for Carlsberg lagger. During the period of promotion for the song, Runrig were the special guests at a concert held by singer Rod Stewart at the Pittodrie Stadium on 8 June 1995. During this period, Billboard described Runrig as one of the "most celebrated" Gaelic language bands in Scotland.
It debuted at number eighteen on the UK Singles Charts, the bands highest performance on the UK Singles Charts and would remain so until the re–release of "Loch Lomond" in 2007 with the Tartan Army, known as "Loch Lomond (Hampden Remix)" debuted at number nine on the UK Singles Charts. "An Ubhal as Àirde (The Highest Apple)" remained at number eighteen in the United Kingdom in its second week, before falling to number thirty in its third week. By the fourth week of its appearance on the UK Singles Charts, it had fallen out the UK Top 40 to number forty-nine, before slipping to number seventy-four in its fifth and final week.
In their native Scotland, its performance fared better, following its debut at number three on the Scottish Singles Charts in May 1995. In its second and third week, it remained in the Scottish Top 10 Singles Charts, dropping to number five and then number nine respectively. By its fourth week, it had dropped to number twenty-four, before falling into the Top 30 of the Scottish Singles Charts in its fifth week.
Promotion
Runrig performed the song on Top of the Pops, broadcast by the BBC on 4 May 1995.
Track listing
CD single (UK)
"An Ubhal As Airde (The Highest Apple)" (Engineer – Beeg Al, Keith Mitchell)
"Abhainn An T-Sluaigh" (Mixed by Calum Malcolm, Chris Harley)
"The Greatest Flame" (Engineer – Calum Malcolm)
"Flower of the West" (Mixed by Calum Malcolm)
Cassette (UK)
"An Ubhal As Airde (The Highest Apple)"
"Abhainn An T - Sluaigh"
"The Greatest Flame"
Chart performance
Chart (1995)Peakposition
References
Category:1995 songs
Category:1995 singles
Category:Runrig songs | 77,769,792 |
2024–25 Arizona State Sun Devils men's ice hockey season | The 2024–25 Arizona State Sun Devils men's ice hockey season will be the 10th season of play for the program at the Division I level and 1st in the NCHC. The Sun Devils will represent Arizona State University in the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's ice hockey season, play their homes games at the Mullett Arena and be coached by Greg Powers in his 13th season.
Season
Departures
Cade Alami Defenseman Transferred to Minnesota State Brian Chambers Forward Graduation (signed with Kalamazoo Wings) Tyler Gratton Forward Graduation (signed with Reading Royals) Matthew Kopperud Forward Graduation (signed with Bridgeport Islanders) Hank Levy Goaltender Left program (retired) Tim Lovell Defenseman Graduate transfer to Michigan Jackson Niedermayer Forward Transferred to Bowling Green Joshua Niedermayer Defenseman Returned to juniors (Dubuque Fighting Saints) Ryan O'Reilly Forward Graduate transfer to Providence Matthew Romer Forward Left program (retired) T. J. Semptimphelter Goaltender Transferred to North Dakota Brandon Tabakin Defenseman Graduation (signed with Newfoundland Growlers) Alex Young Forward Graduation (signed with Adirondack Thunder)
Recruiting
Noah Beck Defenseman 23 Richmond Hill, ON; graduate transfer from Clarkson; selected 194th overall in 2020 Brasen Boser Defenseman 20 Minot, ND Zakari Brice Goaltender 21 Fairbanks, AK Sam Court Defenseman 20 Winnipeg, MB Chase Hamm Goaltender 22 Saskatoon, SK; joined from club team Ryan Kirwan Forward 22 DeWitt, NY; transfer from Penn State Joel Kjellberg Defenseman 20 Nacka, SWE Cruz Lucius Forward 20 Lawrence, KS; transfer from Wisconsin; selected 124th overall in 2022 Hunter Mullett Defenseman 20 Hartland, WI Luke Pavicich Goaltender 22 Clarence Center, NY; transfer from Massachusetts Lowell Cullen Potter Forward 17 Hortonville, WI Bennett Schimek Forward 21 Mendota Heights, MN; transfer from Providence Artem Shlaine Forward 22 Moscow, RUS; graduate transfer from Northern Michigan; selected 130th overall in 2020
Roster
As of August 31, 2024.
|}
Standings
Schedule and results
|-
!colspan=12 style=";" | Regular Season
|-
!colspan=12 style=";" |
Scoring statistics
Rankings
PollWeekPre 1 234567891011121314151617181920212223242526 (Final) USCHO.com USA Hockey
References
Category:Arizona State Sun Devils men's ice hockey seasons
Arizona State
Arizona State
Arizona State
Arizona State | 77,769,748 |
Annette LeSiege | Annette LeSiege (1947 – August 26, 2012) was an American composer of contemporary classical music and teacher. She studied French horn and then composition at the San Jose State University, later receiving a composition PhD from the Eastman School of Music, where she studied with Samuel Adler and possibly Warren Benson. LeSiege taught composition for seven years at Wake Forest University, later teaching at New Jersey City University and the University of Maine. Her compositions number 70 published works, and often feature the French Horn.
Life and career
Annette LeSiege was born in 1947 in Oakland, California, US. Originally in the Wake Forest Magazine She was raised in Sunnyvale, California by her parents Armand and Mabel LeSiege; amid her father's early death, her stepfather Raymond Phelps helped out. Although a bassoonist in her youth, LeSiege attended San Jose State University (SJSU) to study French horn, graduating in 1968. She stayed at SJSU for a Master of Arts, initially in music history; after studying composition with Higo Hugo Harada she switched to an MA in composition, graduating in 1970. After briefly studying at Cornell University for a PhD in composition, LeSiege switched to the doctorate program at the Eastman School of Music, where she studied with Samuel Adler and possibly Warren Benson, graduating in 1975. For her PhD thesis she wrote the orchestral work Montage and prepared an accompanying musical analysis.
From 1975 to 1982 LeSiege taught composition at Wake Forest University (WFU) as a professor of music. She arrived at WFU was undergoing renovations in the music department; her colleague Edwin Wilson noted that "She came here at an important transition time for the music department". At some point LeSiege was chair of the music department also serving on the council of the College Music Society from 1979 to 1981. She received the Hinda Honingman Composer's Cup in 1981. Among her students was the composer Clare Shore, who recalled her teacher's encouragement in studying works of contemporary classical music, particularly Samuel Barber. LeSiege's other students included composer Sarah Aderholdt. In 1977 LeSiege was a fellow at the MacDowell Colony in the Sprague-Smith studio, only a year old at the time.
After her WFU period, LeSiege's biography becomes less clear. At some point she was managing director of the Symphony for United Nations (now the UN Symphony) and a development officer for the Community Hospital of the Monterey Peninsula. By 1991 she worked at the Santa Catalina School in Monterey, California, as chair of the department of music. Eventually she became a professor of music at the New Jersey City University (NJCU) in Jersey City. An associate professor, she became NJCU's assistant dean of the Music Department and after her retirement in 2009, a professor emerita.
Amid a brain cancer diagnosis in 2009, LeSiege retired from full-time teaching and moved to Rockland, Maine. There she taught composition and liberal arts topics part-time at the University of Maine in Augusta. She died in Marina, California, US on August 26, 2012. In an obituary, the former-student and singer Adria Firestone described her as a "gadfly with feet-on-the-ground playfulness and discipline infused with passion" Soprano Teresa Radomski, a fellow Eastman student, emphasized the beauty and skilled prosody of LeSiege's music, describing her as "a wonderful teacher, warm, compassionate and kind".
Music
LeSiege's body of work includes 70 published compositions, many of them commissions. The vast majority of them were published by SeeSaw Publishing (since sold to the Subito Music Corporation), of which she may have owned a small part. Her personal mood and the source material would determine her approach to individual compositions and she described music as "controlling the existing energy into sound". Horn player Katey J. Halbert notes that "she did not try to fit one style or technique, but was always experimenting with new processess". Many of LeSiege's works feature the French horn.
List of compositions
See and for more
Sapphire Seesaw, orchestra
Bautade, orchestra
Shadow Dancer (1994), unaccompanied horn in F
References
Citations
Sources
External links
Works by LeSiege on Theodore Front Musical Literature
Category:1947 births
Category:2012 deaths
Category:Eastman School of Music alumni
Category:Musicians from Oakland, California
Category:Wake Forest University faculty
Category:20th-century classical composers
Category:21st-century classical composers
Category:American women classical composers
Category:20th-century American composers
Category:20th-century American women composers
Category:San Jose State University alumni | 77,769,731 |
Venus Obsequens | Venus Obsequens ("Compliant Venus") was the first Venus for whom a shrine (aedes) was built in ancient Rome. Little is known of her cult beyond the circumstances of her temple founding and a likely connection to the Vinalia Rustica, an August wine festival.
On the calendar
The anniversary (dies natalis) of the Temple of Venus Obsequens is thought to have been celebrated August 19, the day of the Vinalia Rustica, the second wine festival of the year on the Roman calendar. The Vinalia appears on the oldest calendars without a connection to Venus, but Varro's reference to an aedes dedicated to her on August 19 has been taken as this temple. The other Vinalia was celebrated in April, the month over which Venus held guardianship (tutela), on the 23rd, which after 215 BC was also the feast day of Venus Erycina. Both wine festivals were held originally in honor of Jupiter with the complex associations of Venus incorporated. The Romans attributed the uninhibited behaviors induced by wine-drinking to Venus exercising her powers through Liber.
Gardens were dedicated to Venus on August 19 as well. The Temple of Venus Libitina, a goddess of death, celebrated its dies natalis on the same day, in a part of Rome on the Esquiline Hill where funerary services were concentrated. Plutarch saw this Venus as encompassing the regenerative cycle of birth and death, but Varro distinguished between Libitina and Libentina, the latter inspiring "sensual pleasure".
Temple founding and obsequens
Although Venus had an archaic origin in Rome and Latium, the cult of Obsequens was the earliest established in the Greek manner to Venus equated with Aphrodite as a goddess of sexuality.
thumb|250px|Sandstone relief of Venus and Fortuna, 3rd century AD, from Lembach (Musée archéologique de Strasbourg)
Sited near the southeast end of the Circus Maximus at the edge of the Forum Boarium and facing the foot of the Aventine, the temple was built during the Third Samnite War in 295 BC by the curule aedile Quintus Fabius Maximus Gurges. The timing of the construction suggests that Fabius Gurges built it in thanks for his father's victory the previous year at the Battle of Sentinum. The adjective obsequens, often translated as "deferential" (hence English "obsequious"), as a divine epithet expresses favor or active support – a "propitious" Venus. The association of Venus and Fortuna in Roman religion is of long standing; Servius Tullius, semilegendary sixth king of Rome, is supposed to have set up an altar to Fortuna within a precinct of Venus, along with his many other dedications to Fortuna. A Fortuna Obsequens is known from inscriptions, a mention in an early comedy by Plautus, and Plutarch. The foundation legend for Gurges' temple indicates that from an early date, the favor of Venus was felt as contributing both to success in war and sexuality. Her power was the force of desire or intention; the Vergil commentator Servius explains that Gurges had built the temple to Venus Obsequens "because she had gone along with him".
In the year 295 BC, Rome had been subject to pestilence, and prodigies had prompted the consultation of the libri, the Sibylline books. The Obsequens cult was founded following a perceived outbreak of sexual misconduct (stuprum) among matronae (ordinarily a term for respectable married women), which was supposedly so widespread that Gurges could fund the project from the fines he collected. The line of thought that led from the victory at Sentinum to funding the temple with fines for stuprum is not recorded, but it was one in a series of foundings based on regulating female behavior as a religious response to social disorder particularly in time of war or crisis for the Roman state. In 331 BC Rome's first trial for poisoning had resulted in the conviction of 170 matrons, and the involvement of patrician women may suggest that the founding of the scantly attested Temple of Pudicitia Patricia was a consequence. Pudicitia was the virtue by which women were to demonstrate their excellence, often invoked in settings when married women were competing for social standing, encompassing sexual integrity and self-discipline equivalent to virtus, "manly" virtue. In 296 BC, a corresponding cult for Pudicitia Plebeia was established so that plebeians could compete as pudicae. Participation in both cults was limited to univirae, women who had married only once. The Temple of Venus Obsequens is one of the proposed locations of the first statue, dedicated in 220 BC, to Venus Verticordia ("Heart-Turner"), whose sphere of influence was diverting sexual desire into marital expression.
The cultivation of "Venus the Obedient" overtly expresses "an attempt to control the goddess", though counterbalanced over time by other instantiations such as Venus Erycina, originally a goddess of prostitution celebrated with sexual license. The cult of Venus Erycina mirrors that of Obsequens in several particulars, including the authority of the Sibylline Books and a dies natalis on the other Vinalia (April 23); the temple was vowed in 217 BC by the grandson of Gurges, Quintus Fabius Maximus Cunctator.
The matrons' stuprum
The historian Livy says that the matrons were convicted of stuprum, an all-purpose word for sexual misconduct, originally meaning any disgraceful act, which by his own time had become a matter of public law owing to Augustan moral legislation. The view of Mario Torelli and Richard Bauman that these upper-class women had literally prostituted themselves, based in part on the intervention of an aedile, is not widely held. However, Livy's insistence that many women were involved may indicate a widespread societal issue in which wives were left socially and financially adrift during wartime and sought companionship and material support. A comparable incident occurred in 213 BC, when Italy was invaded during the Punic Wars and large numbers of men were called into military service: two plebeian aediles convicted a number of women of stuprum and sent them into exile.
Adultery might be more plausible in the case that resulted in the Obsequens cult; the temple may have served as a public warning against infidelity. The matrons were brought before an aedile as a matter of public rather than private law, and yet their offenses seem to have been regarded as less serious than sex crimes that could result in capital penalties. That fines were deemed a sufficient penalty may suggest "something less than adultery". Jane F. Gardner conjectured that the matrons were guilty of "nothing more than disorderly and uninhibited behaviour 'under the influence'" at festivals where women drank wine, such as the feast of Anna Perenna and the two Vinalia in honor of Venus – "debauched picnics" that allowed them to cast off their usual propriety in the guise of religion. They may not have been "guilty" of anything; but since a conviction for stuprum could result in exile, property forfeiture as a consequence might explain the source of temple funding more fully than mere fines.
Notes
References
Sources
Category:Venus (mythology) | 77,769,667 |
Anton Sova | Anton Carl Gustaf von Essen (born June 26, 1981), known professionally as Anton Sova, is a Swedish talent manager, music entrepreneur, film producer, business manager, artist developer, and A&R executive.
Biography
Anton Sova was born to Ukrainian parents, Mykola and Mariia, and grew up in Kyiv with his older brother.
He graduated from Gymnasium No. 264 in Kyiv in 1998 and studied at Kyiv Slavonic University's Faculty of Economics from 1998 to 2003.
Starting in 1999, he adopted the pseudonym Anton Sova.
From 2001 to 2003, Anton Sova underwent military training at the military department of the National University of Life and Environmental Sciences of Ukraine, achieving the rank of reserve lieutenant on March 9, 2004.
He subsequently attended Kyiv University of Culture, studying in the department for mass festival direction from 2003 to 2004.
Anton Sova became a permanent resident of Riga on June 22, 2010, where he worked as an A&R manager.
In 2011, he resumed his studies in Sweden, studying Slavic and Baltic languages at Dalarna University in 2014, and continuing at Stockholm University from 2015.
Career
Anton Sova started working in 1996 as an advertising agent for a newspaper. In 1999, he founded the global talent agency TUARON, where he has held the position of chairman since its inception.
Anton Sova has been actively involved in discovering and managing a range of artists, including Tatjana Shirko and Stas Shurin, who won the Ukrainian "Star Academy", Fabryka Zirok 2010.
One of his initial projects was the formation of the music group Cherry, also known as Adamants, in 2003. By 2006, Anton had established collaborations with various Ukrainian artists, including Artur Bosso, Tatjana Shirko, Anna Mukhina, Andrew Boldar, the Freakballet show group, and the rock band Platinum.
Since 2008, Anton Sova has been active in Latvia, where he conducted auditions for Latvian artists and musicians, establishing collaborations with figures such as Alekss Silvers, Andrey Klad, Stas Shurin, and Gatis Timofeev. He also produced recordings with artists including Alex Luna, KAL1BR, Marco Giacomo, Daiga Berzina, and the rock band Luv Land.
On April 20, 2013, he introduced the Swedish pop group Dildorado to the Latvian audience, with support from the Swedish Embassy in Latvia.
In 2019, Anton Sova's grandfather, Kasyan Yevchenko, a renowned Ukrainian musician and master of folk instruments, passed away. Yevchenko was also a leader of ensembles and a soloist with the Veryovka Ukrainian Folk Choir. Following his grandfather's death, Anton Sova has continued to support and preserve his artistic legacy, handling organizational matters, protecting copyrights, and collaborating with the music school and museum named in his grandfather's honor.
In 2021, Anton Sova, together with Ukrainian film producer Mila Andriiash, presented the short war drama "God Will Forgive."
Anton Sova is a member of Music Managers Forum Sweden (MFF), an organization for Swedish music managers, A&R professionals, and talent scouts. He is also a member of the Swedish Performing Rights Society (STIM).
Filmography
Producer
2021 – God Will Forgive
Awards and honors
2023 Best Producer for God Will Forgive, Dresden Cinema Awards.
2023 Best Producer for God Will Forgive, Navy International Film Festival.
Judge
Anton Sova functions as a jury member in numerous talent contests and international events within music and choreography. His jury roles extend to children's festivals such as "SmileFest," "Unison," and "Shlyakhom Mistetsva."
Personal life
From March 2011 until 2015, Anton Sova was married and living in Stockholm. The couple separated at the start of 2015, with their marriage being legally terminated in August 2015. They had no children during their marriage.
References
External links
Category:1981 births
Category:A&R people
Category:Living people
Category:Swedish music managers
Category:21st-century Swedish businesspeople
Category:Talent managers
Category:Talent agents
Category:Canadian talent agents
Category:Swedish businesspeople
Category:Ukrainian emigrants to Sweden
Category:Swedish film producers
Category:Music managers
Category:Association football agents
Category:Swedish sports agents
Category:Businesspeople from Stockholm
Category:Music promoters | 77,769,653 |
Redwoods Rising | right|thumb|upright=.8|Sequoia sempervirens|alt=The bottom of a big tree with a small trunk veering off
Redwoods Rising is a joint venture of the Save the Redwoods League, California State Parks, and the National Park Service that works together to restore logged Coastal Redwood forests, and help remain old growth forests in Redwood National and State Parks. Redwoods Rising also works with local Native American tribes. Redwoods Rising was founded in April 2018 at an event in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. Redwood National and State Parks as of public lands, of this land were commercially logged in the past. About 96 percent of the world's old-growth coast redwood forest has been logged. The works is been done in the California Coast Ranges in North Coast of California's Redwood forests. Almost half (about 45 percent) of what remains is in the Redwood National and State Parks. The Redwoods Rising projects are also helping to restore the health of streams, also the fish and amphibians that live there. Coastal Redwoods are the tallest tree species on Earth. Coastal Redwood live only in the humid temperate rainforest of North Coast of California and Southern Oregon. Redwood National and State Parks contain land and villages belonging to the Native American groups Yurok and Tolowa. Yurok Indian Reservation is partly in the park.
Parks
Parks in the Redwood National and State Parks, that Redwoods Rising works in:
Del Norte Coast Redwoods State Park
Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park
Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park
Redwoods Rising projects have been done in the Mill Creek watershed and Prairie Creek watershed.
Goals
Stated goals of Redwoods Rising:
1. Create a shared restoration strategy
2. Enhance capacity for larger and more frequent restoration projects
3. Develop dedicated and increased funding to support ecosystem restoration
4. Build and expand public support for restoring, protecting, and stewarding redwood ecosystems
See also
California Department of Parks and Recreation
National parks in California
List of national parks of the United States
References
External links
of Redwood National Park
of Jedediah Smith Redwoods State Park
of Humboldt Redwoods State Park
of Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park
Inventory of the Redwood National Park Collection, 1926–1980, at Forest History Society
Category:Redwood National and State Parks
Category:State parks of California
Category:Old-growth forests
Category:2018 establishments in California | 77,769,610 |
Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya | Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya is a banned Islamist terrorist organization in Bangladesh. It has received support from the Kuki-Chin National Front.
History
Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya was founded in 2017 by Shamin Mahfuz. It became active in 2019 and included former members of the Ansar Al Islam, Harkat-ul-Jihad-al-Islami Bangladesh, and Jamaat-ul-Mujahideen Bangladesh.
Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya established ties with Kuki-Chin National Front, an ethnic separatist group in the Chittagong Hill Tracts, and its leader Nathan Bom to receive training. One of the detained suspects was Rafat Sadik Saifullah, son of Shafiqur Rahman, Ameer of Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami but the police did not find any evidence of organizational ties between Bangladesh Jamaat-e-Islami and Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya.
In October 2022, Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime Unit detained five members of Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya from Demra. Rapid Action Battalion detained four members of Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya in November.
Md Asaduzzaman of the Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime arrested Mohibullah also known as Bhola's Shaikh from Sayedabad. Rapid Action Battalion detained four members from Chittagong after detaining four from Cox's Bazar following a gunfight.Dhaka Metropolitan Police's Counter Terrorism and Transnational Crime Unit detained its founder Shamin Mahfuz on 23 June 2023 from Demra, Dhaka and its Amer from Anisur Rahman alias Mahmud from Munshiganj District on 25 July. Shamin received funding from sacked Bangladesh Army Major Syed Mohammad Ziaul Haque.
According to Rapid Action Battalion, Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya is the most dangerous terrorist outfit in Bangladesh. The group had trained 55 members in the Chittagong Hill Tracts under Kuki-Chin National Front. It received funding from local and foreign donors and owned a number of businesses. Lieutenant Colonel Moshiur Rahman Jewel of Rapid Action Battalion described the group as well trained in firearms usage after reviewing training videos of the militant group. Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya also guarded the bases of Kuki-Chin National Front in the Chittagong Hill Tracts and lost one member in a gunfight while defending the base. The group had plans to establish a naval unit.
Bangladesh banned the Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya on 10 August 2023; which was announced in a video message by Commander Khandaker Al Moin, Law and Media Wing Director of Rapid Action Battalion.
In May 2024, Detective Branch, let by Harun-or-Rashid, arrested three members of Jama'atul Ansar Fil Hindal Sharqiya including its chief recruiter. According to Harun 49 members of the group had been detained in total.
References
Category:Jihadist groups in Bangladesh
Category:Terrorism in Bangladesh
Category:Organizations established in 2017
Category:2017 establishments in Bangladesh | 77,769,557 |
The Greatest Flame | "The Greatest Flame" is a 1993 single released by Scottish celtic rock band Runrig, released as the second single from their eighth studio album Amazing Things (1993). It was released by Chrysalis in the United Kingdom and across continental Europe.
The song was re–released as a remixed version in 1996 alongside the release of the bands compilation album, The Best of Runrig – Long Distance (1996). Like the original release in 1993, the re–released version was a commercial success in the United Kingdom, reaching number thirty on the UK Singles Charts, six places higher than the original release in 1993. The 1996 version spent a total of three weeks within the UK Top 100 Singles Charts.
Release and performance
Commercially, "The Greatest Flame" continued the period of commercial success for Runrig, becoming their second UK Top 40 single following the release of "Wonderful" earlier in 1993. "The Greatest Flame" peaked at number thirty-six on the UK Singles Charts in its second week, where it spent a total of three weeks. The song debuted at number thirty-seven in the United Kingdom on 9 May 1993, climbing one place in its second week to achieve its peak position, before falling to number fifty-seven in its third and final week.
Runrig performed "The Greatest Flame" on the BBC programme Top of the Pops on 20 May 1993.
The 1996 remix which was released by the band to coincide with the release of Long Distance, their greatest hits album released the same year, was also a commercial success. Released on 30 December 1996, "The Greatest Flame" was in the running to be the first number one single of 1997. In their native Scotland, it debuted at number five on the Scottish Singles Charts, before falling to eighteen in its second week. In its third week, it had slipped to number twenty-nine on the Scottish Singles Charts.
Critical reception
The original 1993 release was credited in Musicweek as seeing the band "continue to pursue a more mainstream audience", claiming that "The Greatest Flame" is a song which "is a power ballad that sweeps along majestically in a polished and highly commercial manner". Musicweek predicted that the song would become their first Top 40 success in the United Kingdom, resulting in "casual buyers then warming to its considerable charms".
Track listings
CD single 1 (UK)
"The Greatest Flame" (Radio Version) – 4:25
"Saint of the Soil" – 5:02
"An t-Iasgair (The Fisherman)" – 3:20
"Suilven" – 3:50
CD single 2 (UK)
"The Greatest Flame"
"The Fisherman"
"Morning Tide"
"Chi Mi'n Tir = I See the Land"
CD single (Netherlands)
"The Greatest Flame" (Radio Version)
"An t-Iasgair (The Fisherman)"
"Morning Tide"
"Chi M'in Tir (I See the Land)"
Chart performance
1993 release
Chart (1993)Peakposition
1996 re–release
Chart (1996)Peakposition
References
Category:1993 singles
Category:1993 songs
Category:1996 singles
Category:Runrig songs | 77,769,545 |
22nd Missile Vessel Squadron | thumb|Award of President's Standard to the Squadron.
The 22nd Missile Vessel Squadron, commonly referred to as the Killer Squadron, is a formation of the Indian Navy, composed primarily of Veer-class corvettes. This squadron, based in Mumbai, was officially established in October 1991 with a complement of ten Veer-class and three Prabal-class missile boats. However, the roots of the Killer Squadron trace back to 1969, when the Indian Navy inducted Osa-class missile boats from the Soviet Union. These vessels were transported to India on heavy lift merchant ships and were commissioned in early 1971 at Kolkata. The squadron quickly demonstrated its prowess in the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971, playing a decisive role in the conflict.
History
The Killer Squadron earned its name through its heroic actions during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. On the night of December 4–5, 1971, the squadron launched a surprise offensive, codenamed Operation Trident, against the Pakistan Navy. The Indian Navy ships INS Nirghat, INS Nipat, and INS Veer fired their Styx missiles, sinking the Pakistan Navy destroyer PNS Khyber and the minesweeper PNS Muhafiz. This operation dealt a significant blow to the Pakistan Navy, with no casualties sustained by the Indian forces.
Following this, on the night of December 8–9, 1971, the squadron executed another successful operation, Operation Python. The INS Vinash, accompanied by two frigates, launched four Styx missiles, sinking the Pakistan Navy's fleet tanker PNS Dacca and causing significant damage to the Keamari Oil Storage Facility in Karachi. The Indian forces did not suffer any casualties during this operation.
The success of these operations not only established the Killer Squadron's reputation but also led to December 4 being celebrated as Navy Day in India, commemorating the squadron's decisive role in the 1971 war.
Formation
The 22nd Missile Vessel Squadron's vessels are named in honor of the legendary 25th Killer Missile Boat Squadron, known for its daring actions during the Indo-Pakistani War of 1971. This includes their pivotal roles in Operation Trident and Operation Python, where they were instrumental in sinking multiple Pakistani naval vessels.
The last two ships of the Veer-class in this squadron were upgraded to Tarantul V models. These vessels were outfitted with advanced weaponry, including 16 SS-N-25 'Switchblade' (URAN E) missiles, an OTO Melara 76 mm naval gun, and the MR 352 Positiv-E (NATO: Cross Dome) radar system.
On April 28, 2016, INS Veer and INS Nipat, two of the oldest Veer-class corvettes, were decommissioned, marking the end of an era for the Indian Navy.
thumb|Missile boat of the Killer Squadron firing.
Legacy and honours
The year 2021 marked the 50th anniversary of the 1971 victory, celebrated nationwide as Swarnim Vijay Varsh. It also marked five decades since the inception of the Killer Squadron. Over the years, the squadron has maintained its reputation as the "tip of the Sword Arm" of the Indian Navy, participating in key operations such as Operation Vijay, Operation Parakram, and most recently, during heightened security following the Pulwama attack, where it was deployed within striking distance of the Pakistan coast.
The 22nd Missile Vessel Squadron has earned numerous battle honors, including one Maha Vir Chakra, seven Vir Chakras, and eight Nausena Medals (Gallantry).
The squadron's distinguished service was recognized when it was awarded the President's Standard, a tribute to the men who have rendered invaluable service to the nation as part of the Killer Squadron.
References
Category:Naval units and formations of India
Category:1991 establishments in India
Category:Military units and formations established in 1991 | 77,769,425 |
Military Question | thumb|upright=1|The state of the military question. A drawing published in the magazine Revista Illustrada by Angelo Agostini in 1887 satirizing the impasse between the military and civilian authorities
The Military Question was a series of incidents between officers of the Imperial Brazilian Army and civilian authorities of the Empire of Brazil that occurred between 1884 and 1887. This clash between military and civilians worsened the empire's political crisis and gave new impetus to the republican movement in the country. Just like abolitionism and the Religious Issue, the so-called military question contributed to the crisis of the imperial regime in Brazil, culminating in the proclamation of the republic in 1889.
Background
The Imperial Brazilian Army had little political power in the Empire of Brazil until the Paraguayan War (1864–1870). This lack of influence was evident in the 1850 reform, when the then minister of war, Felizardo de Sousa e Melo, determined that promotions would be made based on merit rather than aristocratic origin and established a degree at the Military Academy as a requirement to reach the officer corps. In this way, the elite lost interest in military careers, and positions began to be filled by the children of military personnel and small employees.
The Brazilian victory in the Paraguayan War was decisive both for the consolidation of the army and for the formation of an institutional consciousness among the military. Furthermore, the five-year stay of the regular army and volunteer corps in the Platine republics also contributed to the spread of republicanism among the troops. Once the conflict was over, army officers had high expectations regarding recognition of their sacrifices and achievements during the long campaign. The imperial government, in turn, afraid that a group of ex-combatants, armed and influenced by their superiors, could become involved in violent clashes against the regime, opted for a discreet reception and measures for a rapid demobilization and fragmentation of the units. In the officers' view, such attitude represented a disregard for military honor and merits.
thumb|The Military School of Praia Vermelha, picture by Marc Ferrez
In 1871, a group of 40 officers founded the Military Institute to fight for improvements in the army. They offered the institute's presidency to Gaston, the Count of Eu, who was married to princess Isabel, the emperor's daughter and heir to the Brazilian throne. The Council of State deemed the institute a threat to discipline, however, and Gaston refused the offfer, ending the group. Over the course of the decade, low ranking officers who had fought in the war received few promotions and cuts in their pay. The army's budget was also reduced. The military feared that the army would be supplanted by the National Guard. Students at the Military School of Praia Vermelha were becoming increasingly ideologically tied to the army as an institution. They lacked prestige among the civilian elite, but their formation was robust. Their teaching at the school was influenced by positivism, which had as one of its main advocates Benjamin Constant, a teacher at the school.
Incidents
Sena Madureira
In 1883, the Viscount of Paranaguá proposed a bill that made mount of piety contributions mandatory for soldiers. The proposal raised the first disagreements between army officers and the political class. Antônio de Sena Madureira, a prestigious officer and a friend of emperor Pedro II, publicly criticized the proposal and was punished without major repercussions. The episode was the harbinger of even more serious conflicts that would soon take over the Brazilian parliament.
The following year, Sena Madureira, who was then in charge of the Campo Grande Shooting School, in Rio de Janeiro, authorized the school's students to organize a reception, with expressions of appreciation, for the rafter Francisco José do Nascimento, a black abolitionist from Ceará who became famous for his resistance to boarding slaves that would be sent from Fortaleza to Rio de Janeiro. The students' gesture and the school director's authorization clearly demonstrated the military's adherence to the abolitionist cause, which at that point had already become a consensual agenda among the military. In order to impose punishment on the abolitionist officer, the then minister of war, senator Franco de Sá, ordered him to be questioned by the army's adjutant general. Sena Madureira did not accept the order and claimed that only his direct superior (the Count of Eu) could ask him for explanations about his activities as a soldier. In response to the act of insubordination, the Ministry of War reprimanded Sena Madureira and transferred him to the Rio Pardo Shooting School, in the province of Rio Grande do Sul. The military were also prohibited from speaking out in the press. The prohibitions imposed on military personnel from speaking out in the press and the punishments resulting from non-compliance with this imposition became the focus of tensions between army officers and central government authorities.
Colonel Cunha Matos affair
In August 1885, during a routine inspection in Piauí, colonel Ernesto Augusto da Cunha Matos discovered misappropriation of supplies in the unit commanded by captain Pedro José de Lima. Given the signs of corruption, Cunha Matos requested the opening of an investigation on the facts and the removal of Pedro José de Lima. The latter, however, had links with Simplício de Resende, a deputy for Piauí, who from the Chamber of Deputies' tribune alleged that Cunha Matos' conduct was motivated by political reasons. Taking advantage of his parliamentary prerogatives, Simplício de Resende went further and made insulting statements about Cunha Matos, publicly declaring that the colonel, when taken prisoner in the Paraguayan War, had gone to the extreme of opening fire on his fellow Brazilian comrades.
Cunha Matos' reaction came through articles published in the press. However, the colonel did not restrict himself to defending his own iamge, but made direct criticisms of the minister of war, Alfredo Chaves, who was a civilian. The minister immediately punished the officer with a reprimand and detention for 48 hours. Although this reaction from was fully supported by the ministerial warnings of 1859, 1878, 1882 and 1885, the punishment had wide repercussions among military and political circles. Marshal José Antônio Correia da Câmara, the Viscount of Pelotas, who in addition to being an army officer held one of the senate's seats, took on the defense of his army comrade in the Senate. In his statements, Pelotas vehemently criticized Alfredo Chaves' attitude and argued that the punishment represented a serious offense to the "honor of the uniform". In the heat of the debates, he had no embarrassment in saying that compensation for offended military honor was a right that was above the country's own laws.
Deodoro and the proclamation of the republic
As military dissatisfaction grew, the republican movement gained strength among the troops. Finally, on 11 November 1889, in the midst of yet another crisis, civil and military figures, including Ruy Barbosa, Benjamin Constant, Aristides Lobo and Quintino Bocaiúva, tried to convince Deodoro da Fonseca - a conservative and prestigious figure - to lead the movement against the monarchy. Reluctant at first, among other reasons for being a friend of the emperor, Fonseca ended up agreeing to at least overthrow the prime minister, Afonso Celso, the Viscount of Ouro Preto. Thus, taking command of the troops, in the early hours of 15 November, Fonseca went to the Ministry of War, where the monarchist leaders were meeting. All were deposed and the First Brazilian Republic was proclaimed in the country.
References
Category:1880s in Brazil
Category:Empire of Brazil
Category:Military history of Brazil | 77,769,329 |
Seven Sailors | Seven Sailors is a pillar in San Juan County, Utah, United States.
Description
Seven Sailors is situated west of Bluff, Utah, in the Valley of the Gods, on land administered by the Bureau of Land Management.Valley of the Gods, Bureau of Land Management, Retrieved 2024-08-31. Precipitation runoff from this landform drains to the San Juan River via Lime Creek. Access to the butte is via the 17-mile Valley of the Gods Road which starts at the intersection with Highway 163 near this butte. Topographic relief is significant as the summit rises above the surrounding terrain in 0.1 mile (0.16 km). This landform's descriptive toponym has been officially adopted by the United States Board on Geographic Names.
Geology
Seven Sailors is composed of two principal strata of the Cutler Formation. The bottom layer is slope-forming Halgaito Formation and the upper stratum is cliff-forming Cedar Mesa Sandstone.Robert Brett O'Sullivan, Geology of the Cedar Mesa-Boundary Butte Area, San Juan County, Utah, U.S. Government Printing Office, 1965, p. 36. Cedar Mesa Sandstone is the remains of coastal sand dunes deposited about 270 to 300 million years ago, during the Wolfcampian (early Permian). The buttes of Valley of the Gods are the result of the Halgaito Formation being more easily eroded than the overlaying sandstone. The valley floor is Honaker Trail Formation.Dan S. Chaney, The Carboniferous-Permian Transition, New Mexico Museum of Natural History and Science, 2013, p. 64.
Climate
Spring and fall are the most favorable seasons to visit Seven Sailors. According to the Köppen climate classification system, it is located in a cold semi-arid climate zone with cold winters and hot summers. Summers highs rarely exceed . Summer nights are comfortably cool, and temperatures drop quickly after sunset. Winters are cold, but daytime highs are usually above freezing. Winter temperatures below are uncommon, though possible. This desert climate receives less than of annual rainfall, and snowfall is generally light during the winter.
Gallery
References
External links
Seven Sailors rock climbing: Mountainproject.com
Category:Colorado Plateau
Category:Landforms of San Juan County, Utah
Category:North American 1000 m summits
Category:Sandstone formations of the United States
Category:Buttes of Utah | 77,769,256 |
Choi Jung-man | Choi Jung-man (, born 8 January 1979) is a South Korean para-badminton player. He competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics, where he reached the finals of the men's singles WH1 event and won a silver medal.
Biography
Choi was an active Taekwondo athlete during his high school years. In 1996, he suffered spinal nerve damage in a traffic accident in 1996, paralyzing the lower half of his body.
After becoming disabled, he transformed into a wheelchair badminton player and rekindled his dream of becoming an athlete. After being selected as a national team member, he demonstrated world-class skills in domestic and international competitions.
Achievements
Paralympic Games
Men's singles WH1
Year Venue Opponent Score Result 2024 Porte de La Chapelle Arena, Paris, France Qu Zimo 3–21, 7–21 16px Silver
World Championships
Men's singles WH1
Year Venue Opponent Score Result 2019 St. Jakobshalle, Basel, Switzerland Qu Zimo 15–21, 17–21 Bronze Bronze 2022 Yoyogi National Gymnasium, Tokyo, Japan Jeong Jae-gun 21–9, 21–17 Gold Gold 2024 Pattaya Exhibition and Convention Hall, Pattaya, Thailand Qu Zimo 18–21, 21–19, 15–21 Silver Silver
Men's doubles WH1–WH2
Year Venue Partner Opponent Score Result 2017 Dongchun Gymnasium,Ulsan, South Korea Kim Sung-hun Kim Jung-jun Lee Sam-seop 21–16, 10–21, 8–21 Silver Silver 2019 St. Jakobshalle,Basel, Switzerland Kim Kyung-hoon Mai Jianpeng Qu Zimo 19–21, 13–21 Bronze Bronze 2024 Pattaya Exhibition andConvention Hall,Pattaya, Thailand Kim Jung-jun Mai Jianpeng Qu Zimo 10–21, 17–21 Bronze Bronze
Mixed doubles WH1–WH2
Year Venue Partner Opponent Score Result 2022 Yoyogi National Gymnasium,Tokyo, Japan Lee Sun-ae Yuri Ferrigno Pilar Jáuregui 21–17, 21–12Gold Gold 2024 Pattaya Exhibition andConvention Hall,Pattaya, Thailand Lee Sun-ae Yang Tong Li Hongyan 6–21, 5–21 Bronze Bronze
Asian Para Games
Men's singles WH1
Year Venue Opponent Score Result 2010 Tianhe Gymnasium, Guangzhou, China Lee Sam-seop 7–21, 24–22, 12–21 Silver Silver 2014 Gyeyang Gymnasium, Incheon, South Korea Lee Sam-seop 21–18, 18–21, 21–18 Gold Gold 2018 Istora Gelora Bung Karno, Jakarta, Indonesia Qu Zimo 15–21, 21–18, 21–12 Gold Gold 2022 Binjiang Gymnasium, Hangzhou, China Qu Zimo 5–21, 10–21 Silver Silver
Men's doubles WH1–WH2
Year Venue Partner Opponent Score Result 2014 Gyeyang Gymnasium,Incheon, South Korea Kim Sung-hun Kim Kyung-hoon Lee Sam-seop 13–21, 22–20, 21–17 Gold Gold Jakarin Homhual Dumnern Junthong 21–11, 21–12 Osamu Nagashima Seiji Yamami 21–14, 21–13 Trần Mai Anh Trương Ngọc Bình 21–8, 21–15 2018 Istora Gelora Bung Karno,Jakarta, Indonesia Kim Kyung-hoon Mai Jianpeng Qu Zimo 19–21, 15–21 Bronze Bronze 2022 Binjiang Gymnasium, Hangzhou, China Kim Jung-jun Mai Jianpeng Qu Zimo 15–21, 16–21 Silver Silver
BWF Para Badminton World Circuit (16 titles, 9 runners-up)
The BWF Para Badminton World Circuit – Grade 2, Level 1, 2 and 3 tournaments has been sanctioned by the Badminton World Federation from 2022.
Men's singles WH1
Year Tournament Level Opponent Score Result 2022 Bahrain Para Badminton International Level 2 Muhammad Ikhwan Ramli 21–18, 21–15 Winner 2022 Dubai Para Badminton International Level 2 Muhammad Ikhwan Ramli 21–8, 21–16 Winner 2023 Spanish Para Badminton International II Level 2 Hiroshi Murayama 22–20, 21–19 Winner 2023 Spanish Para Badminton International I Level 1 Hiroshi Murayama 21–18, 19–21, 11–21 Runner-up 2023 Brazil Para Badminton International Level 2 Hiroshi Murayama 21–15, 16–21, 21–16 Winner 2023 Thailand Para Badminton International Level 2 Qu Zimo 21–12, 8–21, 19–21 Runner-up 2023 Bahrain Para Badminton International Level 2 Qu Zimo 15–21, 13–21 Runner-up 2023 Canada Para Badminton International Level 1 Hiroshi Murayama 27–25, 17–21, 19–21 Runner-up 2023 4 Nations Para Badminton International Level 1 Muhammad Ikhwan Ramli 21–16, 21–12 Winner 2024 Spanish Para Badminton International I Level 1 Lee Sam-seop 21–12, 21–10 Winner 2024 4 Nations Para Badminton International Level 1 Muhammad Ikhwan Ramli 21–14, 21–15 Winner
Men's doubles WH1–WH2
Year Tournament LevelPartner Opponent Score Result 2022 Bahrain Para Badminton International Level 2 Kim Jung-jun Rick Cornell Hellmann Thomas Wandschneider 12–21, 21–10, 21–11 Winner 2022 Dubai Para Badminton International Level 2 Kim Jung-jun Noor Azwan Noorlan Muhammad Ikhwan Ramli 21–13, 21–12 Winner 2022 Thailand Para Badminton International Level 1 Kim Jung-jun Jeong Jae-gun Yu Soo-young 21–9, 21–12 Winner 2023 Spanish Para Badminton International I Level 1 Kim Jung-jun Daiki Kajiwara Hiroshi Murayama 21–18, 21–19 Winner 2023 Thailand Para Badminton International Level 2 Kim Jung-jun Mai Jianpeng Qu Zimo 21–17, 14–21, 21–17 Winner 2023 Canada Para Badminton International Level 1 Kim Jung-jun Daiki Kajiwara Hiroshi Murayama 11–21, 21–17, 16–21 Runner-up 2023 4 Nations Para Badminton International Level 1 Kim Jung-jun Daiki Kajiwara Hiroshi Murayama 21–18, 19–21, 21–16 Winner 2023 Canada Para Badminton International Level 1 Kim Jung-jun Daiki Kajiwara Hiroshi Murayama 11–21, 21–17, 16–21 Runner-up 2023 Dubai Para Badminton International Level 1 Kim Jung-jun Mai Jianpeng Qu Zimo 13–21, 17–21 Runner-up 2024 Spanish Para Badminton International II Level 2 Kim Jung-jun Takumi Matsumoto Keita Nishimura 22–20, 21–19 Winner
Mixed doubles WH1–WH2
YearTournamentLevelPartnerOpponentScoreResult2022Dubai Para Badminton InternationalLevel 2 Lee Sun-ae Yu Soo-young Kwon Hyun-ah16–21, 21–12, 17–21 Runner-up 2023 Spanish Para Badminton International I Level 1 Lee Sun-ae Yu Soo-young Kwon Hyun-ah 19–21, 21–19, 23–21 Winner 2023 4 Nations Para Badminton International Level 1 Lee Sun-ae Yuri Ferrigno Pilar Jáuregui 21–13, 19–21, 18–21 Runner-up 2023 Dubai Para Badminton International Level 1 Jung Gye-oul Chan Ho Yuen Man-Kei To 21–18, 18–21, 21–15 Winner
International tournaments (from 2011 to 2021; 5 titles, 4 runners-up)
Men's singles WH1
Year Tournament Opponent Score Result 2018 Spanish Para Badminton International Lee Sam-seop 21–17, 21–9 Winner 2018 Australia Para Badminton International Hiroshi Murayama 21–16, 21–12 Winner 2019 Turkish Para Badminton International Qu Zimo 8–21, 14–21 Runner-up 2019 Dubai Para Badminton International Qu Zimo 19–21, 14–21 Runner-up 2019 Japan Para Badminton International Qu Zimo 10–21, 16–21 Runner-up
Men's doubles WH1–WH2
Year TournamentPartner Opponent Score Result 2018 Spanish Para Badminton International Kim Jung-jun Jeong Jae-gun Lee Sam-seop 16–21, 21–11, 21–12 Winner 2018 Thailand Para Badminton International Kim Kyung-hoon Kim Jung-jun Lee Sam-seop 21–19, 21–19 Winner 2018 Australia Para Badminton International Kim Jung-jun Amir Levi David Toupé 21–8, 21–17 Winner 2019 Canada Para Badminton International Kim Kyung-hoon Kim Jung-jun Lee Dong-seop 10–21, 17–21 Runner-up
References
External links
Category:1979 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from South Gyeongsang Province
Category:South Korean para-badminton players
Category:Badminton players at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Category:Paralympic badminton players for South Korea
Category:Paralympic medalists for South Korea
Category:Paralympic medalists in badminton
Category:Medalists at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Category:Medalists at the 2014 Asian Para Games
Category:Medalists at the 2018 Asian Para Games
Category:Medalists at the 2022 Asian Para Games | 77,769,235 |
Charles Noakes | Charles Noakes (born 19 August 1997) is a French para-badminton player. He competed at the 2024 Summer Paralympics, where he reached the finals of the men's singles SH6 event and won gold after defeating Krysten Coombs of Great Britain.
Achievements
Paralympic Games
Men's singles SH6
Year Venue Opponent Score Result 2024 Porte de La Chapelle Arena, Paris, France Krysten Coombs 21–19, 21–13 16px Gold
European Para Championships
Men's singles SH6
YearVenueOpponentScoreResult2023Rotterdam Ahoy, Rotterdam, Netherlands Jack Shephard21–23, 21–17, 20–22Silver Silver
BWF Para Badminton World Circuit (3 titles, 6 runners-up)
The BWF Para Badminton World Circuit – Grade 2, Level 1, 2 and 3 tournaments has been sanctioned by the Badminton World Federation from 2022.
Men's singles SL4
Year Tournament Level Opponent Score Result 2022 Brazil Para-Badminton International Level 2 Vitor Tavares 21–15, 16–21, 19–21 Runner-up 2022 Thailand Para Badminton International Level 1 Chu Man Kai 21–23, 15–21 Runner-up 2023 Spanish Para Badminton International I Level 1 Vitor Tavares 22–20, 19–21, 10–21 Runner-up 2023 Dubai Para Badminton International Level 1 Chu Man Kai 26–24, 16–21, 12–21 Runner-up 2024 Spanish Para Badminton International II Level 2 Chu Man Kai 16–21, 6–11 retired Runner-up
Men's doubles SH6
Year Tournament LevelPartner Opponent Score Result 2022 Spanish Para Badminton International II Level 2 Fabien Morat Dhinagaran Pandurangan Sivarajan Solaimalai 16–21, 22–20, 21–15 Winner 2022 Brazil Para-Badminton International Level 2 Fabien Morat Nilton Quispe Héctor Salva 21–12, 21–15 Winner 2022 Canada Para Badminton International Level 1 Fabien Morat Justin Kendrick Wyatt Lightfoot 21–10, 21–14 Winner 2022 Thailand Para Badminton International Level 1 Fabien Morat Natthapong Meechai Bunthan Yaemmali 19–21, 21–17, 21–16 Runner-up Chu Man Kai Wong Chun Yim12–21, 10–21 Dhinagaran Pandurangan Sivarajan Solaimalai22–20, 21–15
International tournaments (from 2011–2021) (1 title, 2 runners-up)
Men's doubles SH6
Year Tournament Partner Opponent Score Result 2020 Brazil Para Badminton International Fabien Morat Lin Naili Luo Guangliang 20–22, 22–20, 19–21 Runner-up Dheyvid Bisto Márcio Dellafina 21–5, 21–3 Miles Krajewski Héctor Salva 21–19, 21–19 2020 Peru Para Badminton International Fabien Morat Miles Krajewski Héctor Salva 22–20, 21–10 Winner
Mixed doubles SL3–SU5
Year TournamentPartner Opponent Score Result 2021 Spanish Para Badminton International Nina Kozlova Héctor Salva Daria Bujnicka 21–17, 21–14 Runner-up Alexander Mekhdiev Uliana Podpalnaya21–8, 21–17 Fabien Morat Oliwia Szmigiel16–21, 10–21
References
Category:1997 births
Category:Living people
Category:French para-badminton players
Category:Paralympic badminton players for France
Category:Badminton players at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Category:Paralympic medalists for France
Category:Paralympic medalists in badminton
Category:Medalists at the 2024 Summer Paralympics
Category:21st-century French sportsmen | 77,769,161 |
Nyakijima River | The Nyakijima River (), or Nyacijima River, is a river in Burundi, a tributary of the Kinyankuru River.
Course
The Nyakijima River separates the Commune of Gashikanwa to the north from the Commune of Ngozi to the west and south.
The river forms to the south of the town of Ngozi and flows east-southeast through marshes to its junction with the marshes of the Nyamuswaga River.
The Kinyankuru River drains these marshes.
The Kinyankuru is in turn a tributary of the Ruvubu River.
Environment
The surroundings of Nyacijima are a mosaic of agricultural land and natural vegetation. Around Nyacijima
The area is densely populated, with 442 inhabitants per square kilometer as of 2016.
The average annual temperature in the area is .
The warmest month is September, when the average temperature is , and the coldest is April, with .
Average annual rainfall is .
The wettest month is December, with an average of of precipitation, and the driest is July, with of precipitation.
Agriculture
The Nyacijima marsh has a developed area of more than and is the largest supplier of rice in Ngozi province.
In November 2019 Pascal Nyabenda, President of the National Assembly, visited the area of the Nyavyamo Marsh developed by Prodema and Prodefi lin Ruhororo collne, as well as the marsh's modern irrigation dam.
The marsh covered divided into ten sectors.
Using modern varieties, rice yield was 6-7 tons per hectare.
In 2019 a model farm in Gatika, Commune of Busiga, demonstrated use of a drip irrigation system.
Water was pumped from the Nyakijima River and stored in tanks at a cost of about of fuel per day.
From the tanks it was delivered to the fields using drip irrigation.
Crops included legumes, corn and tubers.
In January 2023 rice farmers were compaining of a shortage of seeds and of insufficient irrigation water in some parts of the marsh.
The water shortage was due to rainwater from the city of Ngozi having carved ravines that destroyed the irrigation system's hydraulic infrastructure.
In the short term, irrigation could alternate, with some fields using water in the day and others at night.
The longer-term solution was to channel water from the ravines via a large rainwater retention basin into the river.
Drinking water
In 2015, with funding from the African Development Bank, a project was started to supply water from the Nyakijima River to the city of Ngozi.
The water is pumped to water towers from stations near the river, chlorinated and pumped to a second tower.
After this infrastructure was in place it was transferred to Regideso Burundi, the water company, who was responsible for installing the network to deliver the water.
As of February 2024 this work had still not been completed.
See also
List of rivers of Burundi
References
Sources
Category:Rivers of Burundi
Category:Ngozi Province | 77,769,127 |
Miki Garro | Miquel Garro Gomila (born 20 September 1975) is a Spanish former footballer who played as a goalkeeper.
He played 38 total games for Mallorca, including in La Liga and the UEFA Champions League, and won the Copa del Rey in 2003. He retired aged 29 after one season at Ciudad de Murcia in the Segunda División and later worked as a goalkeeping coach for clubs including Mallorca.
Playing career
Born in Palma de Mallorca, Garro began his career at hometown club RCD Mallorca. Having played for the reserve team in the Segunda División B, where he was also loaned to Binéfar, he made his first-team debut on 1 July 2000 in the first round of the UEFA Intertoto Cup, a 1–0 home win over Ceahlăul Piatra Neamț of Romania; a week later the team lost 3–1 in the second leg and were eliminated. New manager Luis Aragonés was not interested in the tournament, so the reserves coached by Juan Ramón López Caro contested the tie.
Garro made his La Liga debut on 22 April 2001 when regular goalkeeper Leo Franco suffered a muscular injury after 20 minutes away to Villarreal, a 2–2 draw. At the start of the following season, he faced competition from another Argentinian, Carlos Roa. On 30 October, he made his UEFA Champions League debut as the team won 1–0 at home to Panathinaikos in the final group game, therefore qualifying for the UEFA Cup.
In 2002–03, Mallorca won the Copa del Rey. Garro played the 1–0 win at Gramenet in the round of 64 and both legs of the 6–3 win over Real Valladolid in the last 16, but Franco played in the final win over Recreativo de Huelva in Elche. Weeks earlier, Garro played the fixture against Barcelona at the Camp Nou for the third consecutive season, due to the death of Franco's mother; his team won 2–1.
Garro played five games for Mallorca in the 2003–04 UEFA Cup, including both legs of a 3–1 aggregate win over Spartak Moscow in the last 32 in which his team won 3–0 in the first game in the Russian capital. In the second leg of the next round, he played in a much-changed squad that had already lost 4–1 away to Newcastle United, and conceded three more goals to be eliminated.
Subsequently, Mallorca planned to have Miguel Ángel Moyá and Alberto Cifuentes as goalkeepers, while selling Franco and releasing Garro; the latter was not pleased that the club then signed a higher-earning third goalkeeper in Sander Westerveld. On 20 July 2004, Garro signed for newly promoted Segunda División club Ciudad de Murcia on a one-year deal. He turned down an extension, and approaches from Almería and Hércules did not materialise; in September 2005, the 29-year-old retired.
Coaching career
Garro worked as a goalkeeping coach at Mallorca in the 2010s. He had the same job at Beijing Renhe under compatriot Luis García, winning promotion to the Chinese Super League. In 2021, he was assigned the same post in Spain's under-17 and under-18 national teams.
Personal life
Garro's father of the same name, who died in 2012, was the president of RCD Mallorca's federation of fan clubs.
References
External links
Miki Garro at BDFutbol
Category:1975 births
Category:Living people
Category:Men's association football goalkeepers
Category:Spanish men's footballers
Category:Footballers from Palma de Mallorca
Category:RCD Mallorca B players
Category:RCD Mallorca players
Category:CD Binéfar players
Category:Ciudad de Murcia footballers
Category:La Liga players
Category:Segunda División players
Category:Segunda División B players
Category:Spanish expatriate sportspeople in China | 77,769,080 |
Customs Convention Regarding the E.C.S. Carnets for Commercial Samples | The Customs Convention Regarding the E.C.S. Carnets for Commercial Samples, also known as the E.C.S. Convention, is a legal agreement between countries that allows for the temporary importation of commercial samples and advertising materials without the payment of customs duties. The convention was signed in Brussels in 1956. The initials E.C.S. stand for the combined English and French words: Echantillons Commerciaux — Commercial Samples. The first countries to sign this convention were West Germany, Austria, Belgium, Denmark, France, United Kingdom, Ireland, Italy, Luxembourg, Norway, Netherlands, Portugal, Sweden, Switzerland and Turkey and the Belgian Ministry of Foreign Affairs acted as the depositary of the convention.
The ECS Convention institutionalised the ECS Carnet, a customs document that was issued to businesses that needed to transport commercial samples or advertising materials to foreign markets. The carnet allowed the goods to be imported temporarily without the payment of customs duties, provided that they were re-exported within a specified period of time.
The ECS carnet was a valuable tool for businesses that needed to showcase their products or services in foreign markets. It helped to reduce the costs associated with importing goods, and it can also simplify the customs clearance process.
The ECS carnet is de facto not in use any more. In recent years, the ATA Carnet has become the preferred document for the temporary importation of commercial samples and advertising materials. The ATA Carnet is valid in more countries than the ECS carnet, and it is generally easier to obtain.
At the Customs Cooperation Council's 47th / 48th Sessions (June 1976), the Council recommended Contracting Parties to the ECS Convention to denounce it as it duplicates the ATA Convention. To date, 21 countries have deposited their instruments of denunciation of the ECS Convention which, as a result, now has only one Contracting Party (Haiti)."Situations des Ratifications et Adhesions (au 1er juillet 2006) - Convention douanière sur les carnets ECS pour Èchantillons commerciaux"
(PDF). World Customs Organization. 25 July 2006.
References
Category:1956 treaties | 77,769,068 |
CM Punk: Best in the World | CM Punk: Best in the World is a 2012 documentary film released as part of a three-DVD set on October 29, 2012, by World Wrestling Entertainment (WWE). The documentary chronicles the career of WWE wrestler CM Punk. Punk collaborated with WWE to make the documentary, contributing hours of interview content to the film. The collaboration coincided with Punk's famous 434-day reign as WWE Champion. The documentary chronicles Punk's early days as a professional wrestler with backyard and independent wrestling covered extensively with footage from IWA Mid-South and Ring of Honor (ROH) all the way to his rise to stardom in WWE.
This is the third documentary about CM Punk, the first being Before They Were Wrestling Stars: CM Punk (which was distributed by Big Vision Entertainment) which chronicles some of Punk's best works from ROH and Full Impact Pro (FIP).
Overview
Disc 1
The Documentary:
High School Sports
CM Punk - The Name
Skull Fracture
OVW vs. Albright
From Extra to Champion
December to Dismember
Disc 2 and 3
The second and third discs contains a selections of matches from Punk's career.
Reception
The DVD has received positive reviews. It won the 2012 Wrestling Observer Newsletter award in the category "Best Pro Wrestling Documentary".
Match content
Brent Albright vs. CM Punk (Ohio Valley Wrestling, March 1, 2006)
OVW Heavyweight Championship final tournament.
CM Punk vs. Justin Credible (ECW, August 1, 2006)
Punk's WWE TV debut.
CM Punk vs. John Morrison (ECW, September 4, 2007)
Punk won the ECW Championship, making it his first title in WWE.
Chris Jericho vs. Shelton Benjamin vs. John Morrison vs. Carlito vs. CM Punk vs. MVP vs. Mr. Kennedy (WrestleMania XXIV, March 30, 2008)
Punk wins Money in the Bank for the first time.
CM Punk & Kofi Kingston vs. Cody Rhodes & Ted DiBiase (Monday Night Raw, October 27, 2008)
Punk & Kingston won the World Tag Team Championships, giving Punk his first tag team title in WWE.
CM Punk vs William Regal (Monday Night Raw, January 19, 2009)
Punk won the Intercontinental Championship in a no-disqualification match in his hometown of Chicago.
Jeff Hardy vs. CM Punk (SummerSlam, August 23, 2009)
Punk won his third world title in WWE after defeating Hardy in the main event and reclaiming the World Heavyweight Championship.
Rey Mysterio vs. CM Punk (Over the Limit, May 23, 2010)
Punk lost a match against Mysterio with his hair on the line.
John Cena vs. CM Punk (Money in the Bank, July 17, 2011)
Punk won his fifth world title in WWE after defeating Cena in his hometown of Chicago and achieving the WWE Championship.
CM Punk vs. Chris Jericho (WrestleMania XXVIII, April 1, 2012)
Punk's first world title match at WrestleMania.
CM Punk vs. Daniel Bryan (Over the Limit May 20, 2012)
Punk successfully retained his world title over Bryan.
References
External links
Category:WWE Home Video
Category:Direct-to-video professional wrestling films
Category:Professional wrestling documentary films
Category:Documentary films about sportspeople
Category:Wrestling Observer Newsletter award winners
Category:2012 direct-to-video films
Category:2012 documentary films
Category:2012 films
Category:2010s English-language films
Category:English-language documentary films | 77,769,022 |
List of Kappa Phi Kappa chapters | Kappa Phi Kappa is an American professional fraternity for students in education. It was organized in 1922 at Dartmouth College. It currently has one active chapter at Ohio State University. In the following chapter list, active chapters are indicated in bold and inactive chatpers are in italics.Robson, John, ed. Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities, 19th edition. Menasha, Wisconsin: Baird's Manual Foundation.1977., p. 567.Anson, Jack L. and Marchesani Jr. Robert F., eds. Baird's Manual of American College Fraternities,20h edition. Indianapolis: Baird's Manual Foundation, 1991, p. V-82. ISBN 0-9637159-0-9
ChapterChartered date
and rangeInstitutionLocationStatusReferencesAlpha1922–1937,1950Dartmouth CollegeHanover, New HampshireInactiveBeta1922Lafayette CollegeEaston, PennsylvaniaInactiveGamma1923University of MaineOrono, MaineInactiveDelta1923–19xx ?,1937Colby CollegeWaterville, MaineInactiveEpsilon1923Gettysburg CollegeGettysburg, PennsylvaniaInactiveZeta1923–1937,1950Allegheny CollegeMeadville, PennsylvaniaInactiveEta1923Wittenberg UniversitySpringfield, OhioInactiveTheta1924–1936Millikin UniversityDecatur, IllinoisInactiveIota1924–1950,1951Emory and Henry CollegeEmory, VirginiaInactiveKappa1924Birmingham–Southern CollegeBirmingham, AlabamaInactiveLambda1924University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaInactiveMu1925–1939Middlebury CollegeMiddlebury, VermontInactiveNu1925Syracuse UniversitySyracuse, New YorkInactiveXi1925Miami UniversityOxford, OhioInactiveOmicron1925–1936Washington and Lee UniversityLexington, VirginiaInactivePi1925–1936College of William & MaryWilliamsburg, VirginiaInactiveRho1925–1936Drake UniversityDes Moines, IowaInactiveSigma1926–1936Wake Forest UniversityWinston-Salem, North CarolinaInactiveTau1926University of PittsburghPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaInactiveUpsilon1926–1936University of RochesterRochester, New YorkInactivePhi1926–1954Hamline UniversitySaint Paul, MinnesotaInactiveChi1927Teachers College, Columbia UniversityNew York City, New YorkInactivePsi1927–1953Muhlenberg CollegeAllentown, PennsylvaniaInactiveOmega19xx ?At-LargeUnited StatesInactiveAlpha Alpha1927Temple UniversityPhiladelphia, PennsylvaniaInactiveAlpha Beta1927–1950,1951Pennsylvania State UniversityState College, PennsylvaniaInactiveAlpha Gamma1927University of VermontBurlington, VermontInactiveAlpha Delta1927–1929Centre CollegeDanville, KentuckyInactiveAlpha Epsilon1927–1954Emory UniversityAtlanta, GeorgiaInactiveAlpha Zeta1928–1937Boston UniversityBoston, MassachusettsInactiveAlpha Eta1928Ohio State UniversityColumbus, OhioActiveAlpha Theta1928–1946Colgate UniversityHamilton, New YorkInactiveAlpha Iota1929Howard UniversityWashington, D.C.InactiveAlpha Kappa1929–1936University of Maryland, College ParkCollege Park, MarylandInactiveAlpha Lambda1929–1935University of FloridaGainesville, FloridaInactiveAlpha Mu1929Mercer UniversityMacon, GeorgiaInactiveAlpha Nu1929–1935University of Illinois Urbana-ChampaignChampaign, IllinoisInactiveAlpha Xi1930Bucknell UniversityLewisburg, PennsylvaniaInactiveAlpha Omicron1930New York UniversityNew York City, New YorkInactiveAlpha Pi1947University of South CarolinaColumbia, South CarolinaInactiveAlpha Rho1930–1932,1935–1939College of WoosterWooster, OhioInactiveAlpha Sigma1931–1935,1939North Carolina State UniversityRaleigh, North CarolinaInactiveAlpha Tau1931–1939Illinois State UniversityNormal, IllinoisInactiveAlpha Upsilon1932–1939Southern Illinois University CarbondaleCarbondale, IllinoisInactiveAlpha Phi1934–1956Cornell UniversityIthaca, New YorkInactiveAlpha Chi1934–1946,1948–1955Rutgers UniversityNew Brunswick, New JerseyInactiveAlpha Psi1934Louisiana State UniversityBaton Rouge, LouisianaInactiveAlpha Omega193x ?InactiveBeta Alpha1937–1939Coe CollegeCedar Rapids, IowaInactiveBeta Beta1937Moravian CollegeBethlehem, PennsylvaniaInactiveBeta Gamma19xx ?InactiveBeta Delta19xx ?InactiveBeta Epsilon1940Vanderbilt Peabody College of Education and Human DevelopmentNashville, TennesseeInactiveBeta Zeta1948Point Loma Nazarene UniversitySan Diego, California,InactiveBeta Eta1948Jacksonville State UniversityJacksonville, AlabamaInactiveBeta Theta1949–1953State University of New York at OswegoOswego, New YorkInactiveBeta Iota1949–1952Southern Methodist UniversityDallas, TexasInactiveBeta Kappa1950Arizona State UniversityTempe, ArizonaInactiveBeta Lambda1950Villanova UniversityVillanova, PennsylvaniaInactiveBeta Mu1951Furman UniversityGreenville, South CarolinaInactiveBeta Nu1951Clemson UniversityClemson, South CarolinaInactiveBeta Xi1952–1954Texas Tech UniversityLubbock, TexasInactiveBeta Omicron1953–1953Virginia State UniversityEttrick, VirginiaInactiveBeta Pi1954Duquesne UniversityPittsburgh, PennsylvaniaInactiveBeta Rho1954American UniversityWashington, D.C.InactiveBeta Sigma1954Idaho State UniversityPocatello, IdahoInactiveBeta Tau1955Saint Louis UniversitySt. Louis, MissouriInactiveBeta Upsilon1956University of GeorgiaAthens, GeorgiaInactiveBeta Phi1956Southern UniversityBaton Rouge, LouisianaInactiveBeta Chi1957Georgia Southern UniversityStatesboro, GeorgiaInactiveBeta Psi1958Montana State University BillingsBillings, MontanaInactiveBeta Omega19xx ?InactiveGamma Alpha1960Saint Michael's CollegeColchester, VermontInactiveGamma Beta1962Johnson State CollegeJohnson, VermontInactiveGamma Gamma1965Louisiana CollegePineville, LouisianaInactiveGamma Delta1967Boston CollegeChestnut Hill, MassachusettsInactiveGamma Epsilon196x ?InactiveGamma Zeta1969California University of PennsylvaniaCalifornia, PennsylvaniaInactive
Notes
References
External links
Category:Lists of chapters of former Professional Fraternity Association members by society
Category:Professional fraternities and sororities | 77,768,979 |
Mas Hafizulhelmi | Mas Hafizulhelmi Rahman (; born 1 January 1981) is a Malaysian chess International Master (IM) and a two-time Malaysian Chess Champion. He is the second Malaysian to receive the title of IM after chess veteran Jimmy Liew.
Chess career
Early years
Born and raised in Kelantan, Hafizulhelmi started playing chess at the early age of 4 where he was first introduced to the game by his father. His first recorded tournament was the Kelantan Closed (Open Category) in 1987 where he scored 1.5/7 at the age of 6. Throughout his life in chess, Hafizulhelmi idolized the former World Chess Champion Anatoly Karpov and imitated his playing-style.
National champion
Hafizulhelmi won the Malaysian Chess Championship twice consecutively in 1994 and 1995. He has also represented Malaysia in nine Chess Olympiads, where he is ranked 4th in total appearances among all Malaysian chess players, the latest being in the 39th Chess Olympiad held in Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia.
Notable games
Hafizulhelmi's best moment in chess was defeating 10 time World Champion candidate, the late Grandmaster (GM) Viktor Korchnoi where he played the Ruy Lopez, Exchange Variation (C69) in the 37th Chess Olympiad held in Turin, Italy. He also defeated GM Ian Rogers in the 2007 Sydney QVB GM Invitational Tournament which Rogers later on became his coach for the 2008 Malaysian Open. His last notable game was a draw against an 11-year-old Gukesh Domamaraju in 2017, who is the 2024 Candidates Tournament winner.
National chess records
Youngest Malaysian International Master (17 years); later surpassed by Poh Yu Tian (15 years) in 2024 after 26 years of holding the record
Longest chess game played in a tournament by a Malaysian (131 moves against CM Leon Kempen, Haarlem 2009)
Most FIDE rated games played by a Malaysian in a single year (150 games in 2008)
References
External links
Mas Hafizulhelmi chess games at 365Chess.com
Category:1981 births
Category:Living people
Category:Chess International Masters
Category:Malaysian chess players
Category:Chess Olympiad competitors | 77,768,975 |
Chamerian conflict | The Chamerian conflict, occurring during World War II, was a violent and tragic episode marked by deep ethnic and political tensions between the Cham Albanian population and the Greek forces. The conflict primarily took place in the region of Epirus, known as Chameria by the Albanian population. During the Axis occupation of Greece, Cham Albanians, many of whom collaborated with the Italian and later German forces, were accused of committing atrocities against the local Greek population. This collaboration was partially facilitated by the Balli Kombëtar, an Albanian nationalist and collaborationist organization, which controlled parts of the region during the war (1942–1944).
As the tide of war turned and Axis forces retreated, Greek resistance groups, particularly EDES (National Republican Greek League), led by Napoleon Zervas, launched a series of reprisals against the Cham Albanians. These reprisals led to widespread violence, including massacres and forced expulsions of the Cham Albanian population. By 1944–1945, the Greek forces had successfully reasserted control over the region, leading to the destruction of Cham villages and the expulsion of the Cham Albanians into Albania. This conflict resulted in the near-complete depopulation of the Cham Albanian community from Epirus and left a legacy of bitterness and unresolved grievances that persist to this day.
Background
The Chamerian conflict's origins are deeply rooted in the complex and volatile relationship between the Greek and Albanian populations in the Epirus region, exacerbated by the events of World War II. The Greco-Italian War of 1940-1941 played a crucial role in setting the stage for the conflict. When Mussolini's Italy invaded Greece from Albania in October 1940, Cham Albanians, many of whom harbored grievances against the Greek state, collaborated with the Italian forces, providing intelligence and logistical support. This collaboration strained the already tense relations between the Greek and Cham Albanian communities.
After the Italian invasion was repelled by Greek forces, the German invasion of Greece in April 1941 (Operation Marita) led to the occupation of Greece by Axis powers. During the occupation, Cham Albanian collaboration with the Italian and later German occupiers intensified. The Cham Albanians, under the influence of nationalist groups like Balli Kombëtar, saw the occupation as an opportunity to settle old scores and secure greater autonomy or even annexation to a Greater Albania. This led to widespread persecution and violence against the local Greek population, including massacres and forced expulsions, which would later provoke harsh reprisals from Greek resistance forces as the Axis retreated.
The deep-seated ethnic animosities, fueled by these wartime alliances and the broader context of the Greco-Italian War, created a volatile environment in which the Chamerian conflict erupted, leading to significant bloodshed and the eventual expulsion of the Cham Albanian population from Greece.
Conflict
The Chamerian conflict unfolded amidst the broader chaos of World War II, particularly following the Axis occupation of Greece in 1941. Cham Albanian collaboration with the occupying Italian and German forces significantly exacerbated tensions in the region. Cham Albanians, motivated by nationalist ambitions and long-standing grievances against the Greek state, engaged in widespread acts of violence and retribution against the local Greek population. This included assisting Axis forces in operations against Greek resistance fighters and participating in the persecution of Greek civilians.
As the Axis powers began to lose their grip on the region, Greek resistance groups, particularly EDES (National Republican Greek League) led by Napoleon Zervas, launched a series of brutal reprisals. These reprisals targeted Cham Albanian communities, resulting in massacres, the destruction of villages, and the forced expulsion of thousands of Cham Albanians into Albania by 1944–1945. The conflict led to the near-complete depopulation of the Cham Albanian population in Greek Epirus, effectively ending their centuries-old presence in the region. The violence and forced expulsions left a legacy of bitterness and unresolved disputes that continue to strain Greek-Albanian relations to this day.
Aftermath
As a result, the Cham Albanian community dispopulated a lot and left Epirus after the Chamerian conflict and the Explusion of Cham Albanians. Many property which was owned by the Chams, was seized by the Greeks, many cham villages were destroyed or burned. The Chamerian conflict, resulted in the decline and explusion of many Chams and other Albanians.
References
Category:Wars involving Albania | 77,768,959 |
Zhuhai Fisher Girl | Zhuhai Fisher Girl () is a statue and landmark in the area of Zhuhai, Guangdong, China. Commissioned ahead of the establishment of the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone, the statue was designed by based on a local legend about a celestial being who descended to the region to live as a simple fisherwoman. Though its cost was controversial, the statue was completed in 1982 and became part of the region's growing tourism industry. It was designated a cultural relic in 2014, and in 2015 the sculptor completed a companion piece with his son that depicts the fisher girl as a mother. A proposal has been made to expand the area around the statue into a mixed-purpose recreational area.
Location and description
The statue stands on a boulder in . It is located southeast of Zhuhai, and accessible via Qinglu Middle Road. A boardwalk on the shore allows for close views, while the nearby park – known as Lover's Road – contains ginkgo, white pine, elm, and locust trees. Admission is free of charge.
The statue depicts a young woman, trouser leg rolled high, who is draped by a fishnet and holds a pearl high in the air with both hands up to the sky. The figure is adorned with jade bracelets and a pearl necklace. She is described by the 21st Century Business Herald as "endowed with the image of classical beauty", her strong and plump body combining the beauty of Ancient Greek sculpture with the "Oriental charm" of depictions of the Buddha. The statue, which symbolizes a vigorous and lively Zhuhai welcoming visitors from all over the world, stands tall and is composed of seventy pieces of granite. It weighs .
History
thumb|Zhuhai Fisher Girl (bottom left) along the coast of Zhuhai|left
In 1979, as the Government of China prepared to create the Zhuhai Special Economic Zone, – later the first secretary of the municipal Chinese Communist Party committee – proposed the creation of a new statue that would become iconic of the nascent city. The committee reached out to the Department of Sculpture at the Guangzhou Academy of Fine Arts, seeking designs. Initial drafts suggested erecting the sculpture at the Gongbei Port of Entry, and many of the early designs drew on imagery of male creators. However, , an established sculptor and professor from the academy, proposed instead a design that reflected the historical importance of fishing in the region: a fisherwoman.
This idea drew on a local legend, which is recorded in several versions. According to one version, the daughter of the celestial Dragon King visited the Pearl River delta. Enamored by the beauty of the Zhuhai region, she disguised herself as a fisher girl and lived among the people there, weaving baskets and healing locals with her powers until she fell in love with a fellow fisherman named Haipeng. Their romance was interrupted by vicious rumors about the fisherwoman's true origins. Haipeng eventually confronted her about this and demanded that she give her magical pearl bracelets to him as proof of her love. She confirmed the rumors and explained that, if she removed even one of the pearls, she would die. As Haipeng turned to leave, the girl took off her bracelets, dying in his arms. Heartbroken and guilt-ridden, Haipeng set out to find a cure, eventually discovering from an elder that he would need to cultivate a special grass with his own blood. After years of toiling, Haipeng finally harvested enough to revive his beloved, turning her into a mortal. The two married and the fisher girl found a large pearl, which she gifted to the elder in gratitude.
thumb|Tourists at the statue
This design was ultimately selected, to be erected in Xianglu Bay – then replete with wormwood and undergrowth. The initial design depicted the woman holding a pearl before her, standing atop a fish. In the final design, she holds the pearl aloft, which the news website 163.com describes as giving a more pure and generous presentation. The fish, meanwhile, was removed from the design when its execution proved too difficult.
During the construction process, the sculpture became the subject of several discourses. Opponents argued against the depiction of a fisherwoman, which was deemed immoral, as well as the cost of erecting a large sculpture – estimated at 200,000 yuan – when the new city lacked adequate housing. Supporters, meanwhile, argued that the statue was necessary for Zhuhai to establish its own cultural identity, rather than be perceived as feeding off nearby Hong Kong and Macau. Over time, as housing projects were completed and the special economic zone began to be realized, this controversy dwindled. Installation of the statue was completed in 1982, and it was used as part of zone's growing tourism industry.
Zhuhai Fisher Girl was recognized by the Ministry of Culture and Tourism as a cultural relic in 2014, after the definition of "relic" was expanded to include works created after the founding of the People's Republic of China. With this designation, no further changes could be made to the statue; however, plans were made in preparation to expand the surrounding area to create a mixed-purpose recreational area surrounding the statue. Drawing on the examples of the Macau Tower in Macau and the Oriental Pearl Tower in Shanghai, this proposal would see the bay around the statue reclaimed to create a modern tourist destination.
In 2005, to commemorate the 25th anniversary of Zhuhai's designation as a special economic zone, China Post issued a commemorative stamp titled "Beautiful Zhuhai" that depicts the Zhuhai Fisher Girl. Pan He completed a companion piece, "Mother River" (), in 2015 together with his son Pan Fen. Located along the in Zhuhai's Doumen District, the statue depicts the young fisherwoman with her son. She has settled the land and is teaching her child to swim, even as she carries a fishing net and a pearl oyster.
Explanatory notes
Works cited
Category:1982 sculptures
Category:Zhuhai
Category:Tourist attractions in Guangdong
Category:Granite sculptures in China | 77,768,944 |
Peacock Society | Peacock Society is an annual electronic music festival held in Paris, France, known for its eclectic blend of techno, house, and experimental electronic music. Launched in 2013, it is a significant event in the European electronic music calendar, drawing approximately 25 000 music lovers from across the continent.
History
The festival was founded in 2013 by the Paris-based event companies We Love Art and Savoir-Faire, both of which have strong ties to the electronic music scene in France. The Peacock Society was conceived as a celebration of electronic cultures, aiming to showcase both established and emerging talents from France and around the world. The festival takes place in the scenic Parc floral de Paris, a large botanical garden in the city's Bois de Vincennes district.
In 2020 and 2021, The Peacock Society festival skipped two years due to the COVID-19 pandemic.
In 2022, the festival was relocated from its usual venue at Parc Floral de Paris to Parc de Choisy in Créteil to continue its tradition of showcasing electronic music in a natural setting. After the pandemic, the festival returned to Parc Floral in 2024.
Format and venue
The Peacock Society typically runs for two days each summer, offering a carefully curated lineup that spans various sub-genres of electronic music. The festival is renowned for its immersive atmosphere, which is enhanced by cutting-edge visual installations and digital art displays. The main stages are set against the backdrop of lush greenery of the Parc Floral, offering festival-goers a unique blend of natural and urban aesthetics.
Some years, the organizers add a winter event as well.
In addition to music, the festival includes art installations, workshops, and debates, making it a comprehensive cultural experience. The organizers emphasize a strong connection to the local scene, with a significant portion of the lineup dedicated to French artists.
Cultural impact
The Peacock Society has become a key event in Paris's cultural calendar, attracting not only music fans but also artists and creatives from various disciplines. Its commitment to showcasing a diverse range of electronic music has made it a crucial platform for both established and up-and-coming artists.
The festival's combination of music, visual arts, and cultural activities reflects a broader trend in the festival scene, where events are increasingly becoming immersive, multidisciplinary experiences.
Notable musical performances
thumb|Typical Peacock Society festival 3-day lineup flyer in French from 2016-07|right
Each year, The Peacock Society attracts a lineup of internationally acclaimed artists alongside local French talent. Some of the notable performers have included Carl Craig, Richie Hawtin, Laurent Garnier, Sven Väth, Charlotte de Witte, Dixon, and Ricardo Villalobos.
The 2019 edition, for instance, saw performances from Mount Kimbie and The Black Madonna, further solidifying the festival's reputation as a premier destination for electronic music enthusiasts.
2013
Selected performers:
Richie Hawtin
Ricardo Villalobos
Clement Meyer & Tomas More
DJ Koze
Audion aka Matthew Dear
2014
Selected performers:
Richie Hawtin
DARKSIDE
The Martinez Brothers
Recondite
Ron Morelli
Cassius
OMAR S
Paul Kalkbrenner
Makam
2015
Selected performers:
Seth Troxler B2B Michael Mayer
Laurent Garnier
Traumer
Margaret Dygas
Loco Dice
2016
Selected performers:
Kerri Chandler
Function live
Jeremy Underground
Virginia ft. Steffi & Dexter live
Laurent Garnier
Sven Väth
DJ Shadow
Margaret Dygas b2b Bambounou
2017
Selected performers:
Nina Kraviz
Carl Craig
Marcel Dettmann
The Martinez Brothers
Dixon
The Black Madonna
OKO DJ
2018
Selected performers:
Laurent Garnier
Jeff Mills
Richie Hawtin
Tale Of Us
Maetrik
Charlotte de Witte
Chloé
2019
Selected performers:
Charlotte de Witte
Denis Sulta
Derrick May
Modeselektor
Rødhåd
Robert Hood
2022
Selected performers:
Richie Hawtin
Dax J
Dixon
Nina Kraviz
DJ Python
SHERELLE
Bambounou
Notable screenings at Peacock Society
In addition to live music performances, The Peacock Society integrates a variety of film screenings and experimental video projections into its program. Some notable screenings have included:
Raving Iran (2016) - A documentary that provides a glimpse into the underground techno scene in Iran, highlighting the life-threatening challenges faced by two DJs under a repressive regime.
Kvadrat (2013) – A documentary illustrating the archetype of a techno DJ on tour, screened during the 2016 edition of the festival and followed by a Q&A with director Anatoly Ivanov, joined by DJ Simo Cell, DJ Busy and moderated by Trax magazine journalists Patrick Thevenin and Arnaud Wyart.
Ex-TAZ Citizen Ca$h - A documentary about the 1987-1994 early undergroung Paris electronic music scene, by Xanaé Bove, featuring Lychee, Jean-Claude Lagrèze, David Guetta, Albert de Paname, Ariel Wizman and Pat Ca$h
Berlin: Symphony of a Metropolis (1927) - A classic silent documentary by Walter Ruttmann, set to a live electronic score, immersing the audience in a historical yet modern cinematic experience.
The festival also features avant-garde video art installations by contemporary artists, creating an interplay between electronic soundscapes and visual stimuli.
Arte broadcast
The festival was featured on the French-German culture channel Arte in 2022, highlighting the essence of the festival's outdoorsy atmosphere, particularly through the performance of u.r.trax, a rising star in the French techno scene. The Arte broadcast captured the unique vibe of the festival, showcasing how the lush surroundings of Parc de Choisy in Créteil contribute to its distinctive character.
External links
Official website
We Love Art - The Peacock Society
References
Category:Electronic music festivals in France
Category:Music festivals established in 2013
Category:2013 establishments in France
Category:Culture of Paris | 77,768,941 |
Aris Vaporakis | Aris Nikolaos Helling Vaporakis (born 6 January 1995) is a Danish footballer who plays as a goalkeeper for Danish 1st Division side B.93.
Career
Club career
Aris joined B 1903 as a 5-year-old and played until U17 in B 1903, after which he moved on to F.C. Copenhagen.Superliga-målmand glemmer ikke rødderne, ive-1533-boldklubben-1903.umbraco-proxy.com, 10 August 2017B1903'ere på kontrakt, b1903.dk Here he played for a few seasons before moving to the Danish 1st Division club Akademisk Boldklub as a senior player.AB henter målmand i FCK, tipsbladet.dk, 11 July 2014AB henter Vaporakis i FCK, dbold.dk, 11 July 2014 However, Vaporakis was only used in the cup tournament, as he was a reserve for Jannich Storch.
Ahead of the 2015–16 season, Vaporakis signed with FC Helsingør. He made his debut for the club in the 17th round of the 2015-16 Danish 1st Division against FC Fredericia, as the first goalkeeper, Mikkel Bruhn, had fallen ill.Vaporakis overrasket over Helsingør-debut, bold.dk, 16 November 2015 In his first season, Vaporakis made seven appearances. In the 2016–17 season, Vaporakis also made 7 appearances for Helsingør, contributing to their promotion to the 2017-18 Danish Superliga. In May 2017, he signed a 2-year contract extension.FC Helsingør forlænger med reservekeeperen, bold.dk, 23 May 2017
In the 2017–18 season, Vaporakis was still behind Bruhn in the queue. Therefore, in April 2018, he was loaned out to Icelandic club Víkingur until the end of October.Aris Vaporakis udlejet til Islandske Vikingur, fchelsingor.dk, 26 April 2018 Vaporakis played the first two games in Iceland before an injury and a new competitor put an end to playing time. Therefore, he terminated his loan spell in the summer and returned home to Helsingør, with whom he terminated his contract in August 2018. He then started training with Brønshøj Boldklub.Kontraktfri Vaporakis skal tale med Brønshøj, bold.dk, 9 November 2018
In 2019 he was affiliated with his former club Akademisk Boldklub for a short period, after which he switched to Hellerup IK in August 2019. In January 2020 he made the move to B.93.1. Aris Vaporakis | B.93 i NordicBet .., b93prof.dk Vaporakis made his debut in 2020 in a home match against Næsby Boldklub, where B.93 won 4–0. In the 2020/21 season Aris started in 27 of the 31 matches. In May 2024, Vaporakis had his contract extended until June 2025.B.93 forlænger med Aris Vaporakis, b93prof.dk, 24 May 2024
Personal life
Aris Vaporakis has a Danish mother, a Greek father and a twin brother.Aris Vaporakis er ugens profil, b93.dk, 16 November 2021
References
External links
Category:1995 births
Category:Living people
Category:Sportspeople from Copenhagen
Category:Danish people of Greek descent
Category:Danish twins
Category:Danish men's footballers
Category:Men's association football goalkeepers
Category:Boldklubben 1903 players
Category:F.C. Copenhagen players
Category:Akademisk Boldklub players
Category:FC Helsingør players
Category:Knattspyrnufélagið Víkingur players
Category:Hellerup IK players
Category:Boldklubben af 1893 players
Category:Danish Superliga players
Category:Danish 1st Division players
Category:Danish 2nd Division players
Category:Danish expatriate men's footballers
Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Iceland
Category:Danish expatriate sportspeople in Iceland | 77,768,937 |
Siege of Carthage (536) | The Siege of Carthage occurred around Easter of 536, when dissatisfied Byzantine soldiers revolted against Solomon, the ruler of the Praetorian prefecture of Africa, because he refused to share with the soldiers the wealth that had been plundered from the Vandal Kingdom, which had been defeated two years prior in 534. A sizeable amount of these soldiers were also Arian Christians, and were disgruntled because Emperor Justinian had banned Arians from practicing their religion. Solomon, as well as his secretary, Procopius, fled to Sicily, where they informed Belisarius, who had just recently conquered the island, about the revolt. Carthage was being besieged by 9,000 rebels, 1,000 of which were Vandals. The rebels were being led by Stotzas, a former soldier in the Byzantine Army. After being made aware of the revolt by Solomon, Belisarius prepared for an invasion of Carthage to crush the revolt. He, along with Solomon, prepared an invasion force of 100 elite troops and around 2,000 regular troops, as well as one warship to blockade the city. By the time Belisarius arrived in , the defenders of Carthage were considering surrendering to Stotzas and the rebels. Belisarius was significantly outnumbered, as he had about 2,100 troops compared to Stotzas's 9,000. However, he still presented a significant threat to the rebels, who lifted their siege of Carthage, and subsequently withdrew. Belisarius pursued the withdrawing rebels, and the two sides clashed at the Battle of Membresa, also known as the Battle of the Bagradas River. The battle ended in Stotzas's troops being defeated by those of Belisarius, and the former subsequently retreated, despite having suffered low casualties. Belisarius's troops then looted the abandoned rebel camp, where large amounts of gold and female slaves were found, which the rebels had seized during the siege. Stotzas would continue his to rebel against the Byzantines until his death in 545.
References
Category:Battles involving Carthage
Category:530s conflicts | 77,768,849 |
2024–25 Colorado State Rams men's basketball team | The 2024–25 Colorado State Rams men's basketball team represented Colorado State University during the 2024–25 NCAA Division I men's basketball season. The Rams are led by 7th-year head coach Niko Medved and play their home games for the 59th season at Moby Arena in Fort Collins, Colorado. They participate as members of the Mountain West Conference for the 26th season.
Previous season
The Rams finished the 2023–24 season 25–11, 10–8 in Mountain West play to finish in a tied for 6th place. They defeated San Jose State in the first round of the Mountain West Tournament and Nevada in the quarterfinals before losing to New Mexico in the semifinals. They received an at-large bid to the NCAA tournament as a No. 10 seed in the Midwest Region where they defeated Virginia in the first four before losing to Texas in the first round.
Offseason
Departures
Name Num Pos. Height Weight Year Hometown Reason for departure Joel Scott 1 F 6'7" 225 GS Senior Monument, CO Graduated Taviontae Jackson 2 G 6'2" 165 Sophomore Las Vegas, NV Transferred to Southern Utah Josiah Strong 3 G 6'4" 195 GS Senior Brooklyn Park, MN Graduated Isaiah Stevens 4 G 6'0" 185 GS Senior Allen, TX Graduated/undrafted in 2024 NBA draft; signed with the Miami Heat Jack Payne 11 F 6'6" 195 15px|Redshirt Freshman Boise, ID Transferred to Idaho Patrick Cartier 12 F 6'8" 220 GS Senior Brookfield, WI Graduated Javanté Johnson 13 G 6'6" 215 15px|Redshirt Senior Colorado Springs, CO Transferred to California Baptist Joe Palmer 20 F 6'4" 190 GS Senior Faribault, MN Graduated Cam Lowe 22 G 6'5" 182 Freshman Monument, CO Walk-on; transferred to Black Hills State Kyle Evans 32 F 6'10" 200 Sophomore Aliso Viejo, CA Transferred to UC Irvine
Incoming transfers
Name Num Pos. Height Weight Year Hometown Previous School Jaylen Crocker-Johnson 8 F 6'8" 230 Sophomore San Antonio, TX Little Rock Keshawn Williams 11 G 6'4" 175 GS Senior Chicago Heights, IL Southern Illinois Bowen Born 13 G 5'11" 170 GS Senior Norwalk, IA Northern Iowa Nikola Djapa 23 F 7'0" 230 Sophomore Belgrade, Serbia LIU Ethan Morton 25 G 6'7" 215 GS Senior Butler, PA Purdue Charlie Dortch 30 F 6'9" 235 15px|Redshirt Freshman Fort Collins, CO Walk-on; Fort Lewis
2024 recruiting class
2025 recruiting class
Roster
Schedule and results
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!colspan=12 style=| Exhibition
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!colspan=12 style=| Non-conference regular season
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!colspan=12 style=| Mountain West regular season
|-
!colspan=12 style=| Mountain West tournament
Source
Rankings
See also
2024–25 Colorado State Rams women's basketball team
References
Colorado State
Category:Colorado State Rams men's basketball seasons
Colorado State Rams men's basketball
Colorado State Rams men's basketball | 77,768,790 |
Daryl Fridhandler | Daryl Fridhandler is a Canadian corporate lawyer, arbitrator, businessman, and politician. He was appointed to the Senate of Canada on August 31, 2024. He was nominated by the Independent Advisory Board for Senate Appointments and appointed by Governor General of Canada Mary Simon on the recommendation of Prime Minister Justin Trudeau.
Fridhandler joined Alberta bar in 1984. He has been a partner in the Calgary-based law firm of Burnet, Duckworth & Palmer LLP since 1990 and is on the board of directors of Enmax, an electricity provider.
The appointments of Fridhandler and Kristopher Wells as Senators for Alberta were criticized by Alberta Premier Danielle Smith for ignoring the results of the province's unofficial Senate nominee election. Smith issued a statement saying: "Despite our province's repeated democratic election of senators-in-waiting ready to represent Albertans’ interests, [Prime Minister Trudeau] has chosen to appoint left-wing partisans who will do whatever he and the Liberals order them to."
Education
He holds a Bachelor of Arts (1980) from McGill University, a Bachelor of Law (1983) from Dalhousie University, and a Master of Law (2016) from New York University.
Political career
Fridhandler was the Liberal Party of Canada's election co-chair in Alberta from 2004 and 2009 under then-Liberal leaders Paul Martin and Michael Ignatieff and has donated at least $30,000 to the Liberal Party between 2004 and 2023, including $12,000 to Justin Trudeau's 2013 Liberal Party of Canada leadership election campaign. He has also donated to the Green Party of Canada, the Liberal Party of Alberta, the Alberta Party, the Progressive Conservative Party of Alberta, and the New Democratic Party of Alberta. He was also the campaign chair for former Calgary mayor Dave Bronconnier for five municipal campaigns. He served on the finance committee of the Alberta Progressive Conservative Party from 2011 to 2015 and worked on Gary Mar's 2011 Progressive Conservative Association of Alberta leadership election campaign.
Community work
Fridhandler has also been chair of the Alberta Ballet, Calgary Economic Development, and Arts Commons, served as a governor of the Alberta University of the Arts and Mount Royal University, vice-chair of the Calgary Police Commission and chair of the Calgary Public Library.
References
Category:Living people
Category:Canadian senators from Alberta
Category:Independent Canadian senators
Category:Canadian King's Counsel
Category:Canadian campaign managers
Category:1952 births
Category:Politicians from Calgary
Category:21st-century Canadian politicians
Category:McGill University alumni
Category:Schulich School of Law alumni
Category:New York University School of Law alumni | 77,768,783 |
María López Sández | thumb|María López Sández (2024)
María López Sández (Lugo, September 17, 1973) is a Galician philologist and essayist. She is an academic numerary of the Royal Galician Academy (RAG).
Education
She graduated from and obtained a degree in Hispanic, English and Galician-Portuguese Philology from the University of Santiago de Compostela (USD). She received her doctorate in Literary theory and comparative literature from this university with the thesis, (Topographic description, its role in the construction of a cultural imaginary in the Galician literary discourse - "Cantares Galicians", "Arredor de si" and the textual cycle of "Tagen Ata") (2006). She received the End of Education Career Award of the Autonomous Community of Galicia, and the National Award for Completion of University Studies in Philology.
Career and research
Lopez taught in secondary education at (CPI) Fonte Díaz, Touro, Spain and at (IES) in Negreira. She is also an associate professor at the USC Faculty of Education Sciences. Her work as a researcher focuses on the relationship between Galician literature and landscape imagery and urban space, as well as the study of cartography as a semiotic of space. She is the author of articles and studies on Rosalía de Castro, . She has participated in international congresses with reports on Castro, .[6]
In 2022, she was elected an academic numerary of RAG. On March 11, 2023. She delivered her induction speech (Where the spring flows: the landscape at the root of the Galician essay).
Awards and honours
2023, Premio 8 de Marzo
2020, Finalist, Raíña Lupa Award, for
2014, Finalist, La Voz de Galicia Novel Award, for
2012, Repsol Short Narrative Award, for
2007, Ramón Piñeiro Prize for Essay, for
Selected works in Galician
Essays
Paisaxe e nación. A creación discursiva do territorio (2008), Galaxia
Movendo os marcos do patriarcado, co-author with Marilar Aleixandre, 2021 Translated into Spanish by the authors themselves.
Narratives
A forma das nubes (2012)., Galaxia. Second edition, 2014.
O faro escuro (2015), Galaxia
A noite da deusa (2020), Galaxia, Costa Oeste
Collective works
Libres e vivas (2021), Galaxia
References
External links
Inma Otero interviews María López Sández, at insulaeuropea.eu, via Internet Archive
Culturgal 2012. María López Sández: The shape of clouds, 24 January 2013, via YouTube
Category:1973 births
Category:Living people
Category:Royal Galician Academy
Category:21st-century philologists
Category:21st-century Spanish essayists
Category:Women philologists
Category:Spanish women essayists
Category:Spanish philologists
Category:21st-century Spanish women writers
Category:People from Lugo
Category:Galician-language writers
Category:University of Santiago de Compostela alumni
Category:Academic staff of the University of Santiago de Compostela | 77,768,757 |
Carlos Eduardo Alves | Carlos Eduardo Nunes Alves (born 5 June 1959) is a Brazilian lawyer and politician, who was the mayor of the city of Natal from 2002 to 2009, and again from 2013 to 2018. During his second term, he won the election in 2012, and began his mandate on 1 January 2013. He was reelected in the first round in 2016 with 63.42% of the vote, totaling 225,741 votes. On 6 April 2018, he announced his resignation to run to be governor of the state of Rio Grande do Norte that year.
Biography
Alves graduated with a law degree from Universidade Santa Úrsula, though he never became a lawyer because he never had registered with the Order of Attorneys of Brazil (OAB). Coming from a politically prominent family, he is the son of former Natal mayor Agnelo Alves, who had been removed from office during the Brazilian military dictatorship due to his family's opposition to the regime. Carlos Eduardo Alves later entered into politics in Natal and became a state deputy in 1986. His uncles were ex-governor of Rio Grande do Norte , through whom Henrique Eduardo Alves is his cousin, and former senator Garibaldi Alves, through whom Garibaldi Alves Filho is also his cousin.
In 2000, he was elected vice-mayor of Natal, having assumed the mayoralty in 2002 after the resignation of then-mayor Wilma de Faria, to run for governor. He was reelected in his own right in 2004.
After ending his mandate, Alves was caught in scandals involving the expiration of eight tons of medicine that were stored by his administration that were later discarded.
In 2010, he ran for governor of Rio Grande do Norte as part of the Democratic Labour Party (PDT), receiving third place with 160,828 votes (10.37%) and not advancing to the second round. The winner was Rosalba Ciarlini of the Democrats.
During the 2012 municipal elections in Natal, Alves once again became a candidate for mayor for the PDT, with former governor Wilma de Faria of the PSB as his vice-mayoral pick. On 7 October, he came in first place with 153,464 votes (40.42%). He moved on to the second round on 28 October against Hermano Moraes of the PMDB. He was elected in the second round with 214,687 votes, or 58.31% of the vote.
Alves ran for reelection in 2016, and won reelection in the first round, with 225,741 votes, or 63.42% of the vote. He took office on 1 January 2017.
On 6 April 2018, he announced that he would resign from office to run to be governor of Rio Grande do Norte later that year. His vice-mayor, Álvaro Costa Dias, assumed the mayoralty. He advanced to the second round, but lost to then-senator Fátima Bezerra.
Electoral history
YearElectionPartyPositionVotes %ResultRef1986Rio Grande do Norte state electionsPMDBState deputy24,3672.62%rowspan=7 1990Rio Grande do Norte state elections14,9201.57%1994Rio Grande do Norte state elections21,5562.67%1998Rio Grande do Norte state elections41,6893.71%2000Natal municipal electionsVice-mayor178,01657.71% 2004Natal municipal electionsPSBMayor137,66437.30% (1st round)192,51351.92%
(2nd round)2010Rio Grande do Norte state electionsPDTGovernor160,82810.37% 2012Natal municipal electionsMayor153,46440.42% (1st round)rowspan=3 214,68758,31% (2nd round)2016Natal municipal electionsMayor225,74163.42% 2018Rio Grande do Norte state electionsGovernor525,93332.04% (1st round) rowspan=3 753,03542.40% (2nd round)2022Rio Grande do Norte state electionsSenator565,23533.40%
References
Category:1959 births
Category:Living people
Category:Brazilian Democratic Movement politicians
Category:Democratic Labour Party (Brazil) politicians
Category:Brazilian Socialist Party politicians
Category:Social Democratic Party (Brazil, 2011) politicians
Category:Mayors of Natal, Rio Grande do Norte
Category:Members of the Legislative Assembly of Rio Grande do Norte
Category:Alves family | 77,768,740 |
2025 Netherlands budget | The 2025 Netherlands budget is planned to be presented to the States General on 17 September 2024, a day also known as . It will be the first budget of the Schoof cabinet and of Minister of Finance Eelco Heinen.
Background
A general election was held in November 2023 that resulted in the swearing in of the right-wing Schoof cabinet in July 2024, referred to by the coalition parties as an extra-parliamentary cabinet. It consisted of the Party for Freedom (PVV), the People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD), New Social Contract (NSC), and the Farmer–Citizen Movement (BBB). In their coalition agreement, the parties agreed on the cabinet's policy agenda and on its finances. Several financial setbacks arose afterwards, as the Supreme Court ruled that the manner in which the wealth tax was levied was unfair and as the intended sale of the German division of TenneT, a government-owned transmission system operator, failed.
In August 2024, the Bureau for Economic Policy Analysis (CPB) published its economic projections in August 2024, concluding that government finances would deteriorate and that the budget deficit would grow. The cabinet met after summer recess to draft its budget. In late August, leaders of the coalition parties met with the cabinet at the Ministry of Finance for two days to discuss the 2025 budget. Even though the talks led to some changes, participants denied that they could be characterized as negotiations due to the supposed extra-parliamentary nature of the cabinet. The PVV, VVD, NSC, and BBB voiced their support for the budget on 30 August 2024. The budget was approved by the Council of Ministers the next day and sent to the Council of State for advice. National media outlets reported the budget differed from a few of the proposals in the coalition agreement: a compensation scheme for school books would be introduced as a result of an increase in the sales tax for books, and the charitable contributions deduction would be less severely scaled back. Furthermore, the tightening of the expat tax break would be rolled back, funding for free school means would remain intact, and funding would be allocated for an early retirement scheme for physically demand occupations.
References
Netherlands
Category:2025 in the Netherlands
Category:Dutch budgets | 77,768,725 |
Mexico City-Querétaro electric passenger train | The Mexico City-Querétaro electric passenger train () was a passenger train that provided services in central Mexico. During its 2 years of existence (1994-96), it was operated by Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México.
History
Background
The oldest antecedents of this railroad date back to the concessions granted by the government of President Porfirio Díaz for the construction of the Mexican Central Railway, which used both American and Mexican capital. The Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway provided the American capital, while the federal government of Mexico provided the Mexican capital. The base concession allowed the construction of a line between Mexico City and Ciudad Juárez, which was opened. in 1884. In 1888, a branch was added to the Pacific Ocean via the cities of Guadalajara and Querétaro.
In 1908, at the end of the Porfirian government, the state-owned Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México was created, which constituted the first nationalization of strategically valuable railroads in Mexican history. This nationalization was achieved by expropriating and merging the Mexican Central, National and International railroads, along with other smaller companies. The resulting company controlled of nationalized railroads. Between 1910 and 1929, the state of these lines was uncertain, as they fell into the hands of the different groups that fought during the Mexican Revolution.
First proposals for electrification
The Mexican government's Railroad Development Plan 1973-1986 () had, among other project, proposed the construction of an electrified Mexico City-Tijuana double-track railroad for the transport of cargo and passengers. In 1978, the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation planned the construction of the first Mexican double-track electric railroad fed by catenary. Based on a study prepared by that government agency, it was determined that the Mexico City-Querétaro route was the most viable to electrify. due to its high influx of passengers and cargo, almost slopeless topography, and strategic location in the center of the country.
thumb|295x295px|Current situation of the line, as of 2024
In 1979, as part of the construction work, the Mexican government included Japanese, English and French participation in the project. The locomotives used were the GE E60C-2, which were designed and assembled by the GE Transportation company in Aguascalientes between 1980 and 1982.
Around 1983, the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation decided to suspend the project due to changes in the layout of the routes and the operating policies. In 1986, electrification was restarted only with the participation of technical staff from the Secretariat of Communications and Transportation, Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México, and the French Société Francais d’Etudes et de Réalisations Ferroviaires.
During the construction of the track that lasted from 1983 to 1994, the construction of a railway like the Shinkansen on the same right-of-way was considered in 1987, but the lack of funds made it unfeasible. For this reason, the construction of the electrified tracks for mixed service continued.
Operation
On 14 February 1994, regular electric trips between the Buenavista station in Mexico City and Querétaro began. The service only lasted until 1996 with a poor result, because the electric locomotives could not run at full speed, since they had to share the tracks with diesel-electric locomotives. The restriction of the E60C-2s to serve only on this line made them unaffordable.
End of operations
In 1996, President Ernesto Zedillo disincorporated the state-owned company Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México, and passenger transport operations throughout most of the country were terminated.
After the railroad network was privatized again in 1997, Transportación Ferroviaria Mexicana decided to sell the 39 GE E60C-2 locomotives to American companies, ending the use of electrified track, leaving the electrified catenary lines for supposed use in the future. 22 of the locomotives were traded back to GE Transportation in exchange for GE AC4400CW diesel locomotives. Three of those were then sold to Texas Utilities for use on electrified freight trains. Meanwhile, the TFM sold 6 more E60C-2s to the Black Mesa and Lake Powell Railroad.
Later use of electric infrastructure
Some of the overhead lines on this line would later be reused for the Tren Suburbano, an electrified commuter train between Mexico City's new Buenavista railway station and Cuautitlán.
References
*
See also
Rail transport in Mexico
Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México
Category:Rail transportation in Mexico | 77,768,670 |
List of Tolkien societies | Dedicated Tolkien Societies provide platforms for a combination of Tolkien fandom and academic Tolkien studies in several countries.
Societies by country
United States
The first recorded organized Tolkien fan group was "The Fellowship of the Ring", founded by Ted Johnstone. Their first annual meeting was held at Pittcon, the 1960 Worldcon. They published four issues of the fanzine i-Palantír before the organization disbanded; the first was published a month before the Pittcon meeting, dated August 1960.
The Tolkien Society of America first met "in February, 1965, beside the statue of Alma Mater on the Columbia University campus," according to a 1967 New York Times interview with Richard Plotz, the society's founder and first Thain. By 1967, Meskys had become Thain and the society boasted over 1,000 members, organized into local groups or smials, a pattern that would be followed by other Tolkien fan organizations. The society published a newsletter, Green Dragon, and The Tolkien Journal (edited by Plotz). In 1969, the society sponsored the first Tolkien Conference at Belknap College. The Tolkien Conference was not a science fiction convention but a scholarly event. The University of Wisconsin Tolkien and Fantasy Society was founded in 1966, and is best known for its journal Orcrist (1966–1977), edited by Richard C. West. Across the continent, Glen GoodKnight founded the Mythopoeic Society in California in 1967 for the study, discussion, and enjoyment of fantastic and mythic literature, especially the works of Tolkien and fellow-Inklings C. S. Lewis, and Charles Williams. The society held its first Mythcon conference in 1970, which featured readings, a costume competition, an art show, and other events typical of science fiction conventions of the day. The society's three current periodicals are Mythprint, a monthly bulletin; Mythlore, originally a fanzine and now a peer-reviewed journal that publishes scholarly articles on mythic and fantastic literature; and The Mythic Circle, a literary annual of original poetry and short stories (which replaced the society's earlier publications Mythril and Mythellany). Alongside that was a monthly newsletter, Mythprint. Also available from the Chicago Tribune. Beyond Bree is the monthly newsletter of The American Mensa Tolkien Special Interest Group.
United Kingdom
The Tolkien Society (UK) was founded in the United Kingdom in 1969, and remains active as a registered charity. The society has two regular publications, a bi-monthly bulletin of news and information, Amon Hen, and an annual journal, Mallorn; this began informally but switched to scholarly articles on Tolkien's work. They host annual events, including a conference held at Oxford, Oxonmoot. The society has three regular UK gatherings: an Annual General Meeting and Dinner; a Seminar with a mix of serious and lighthearted talks; and the Oxonmoot, a regular September gathering organized by the British Tolkien Society. The society's journal is Mallorn. It consists of long articles studying aspects of Tolkien's work, plus some artwork. The name is a reference to the Mallorn tree and an illustration of such a tree appears on the front of each issue. In the past it was issued every autumn, but since 2003 has been released in mid-summer.
German-speaking Europe
The German translation of The Hobbit appeared in 1957 (translated by Walter Scherf), and that of The Lord of the Rings in 1972 (translated by Margaret Carroux and ).
The Deutsche Tolkien Gesellschaft (DTG) is a German association dedicated to the study of the life and works of J. R. R. Tolkien. Founded in 1997, it is based in Cologne.
The DTG has more than 500 members (as of 2005) and is organized in a widespread network of local chapters. It is the main driving force of Tolkien reception in the German speaking countries (c.f. Honegger (2006); the first Swiss Tolkien Society (Eredain) was founded in 1986 and published the Aglared journal;Bramlett, Perry C. "Appendix IV: Tolkien Journals, Societies, Newsletters, and Archives" from I Am in Fact a Hobbit: An Introduction to the Life and Works of J. R. R. Tolkien. Mercer University Press. Pg.230. 2003. it dissolved in 2006 and a second Swiss Tolkien Society (Seryn Ennor) was founded in 2014Swiss Tolkien Society: Seryn Ennor and is based in Jenins; an Austrian Tolkien Society was founded in 2002). The DTG organized a seminar on Tolkien studies in Cologne in 2004, in Jena in 2005 and in Mainz in 2006. The conference proceedings are published in their Hither Shore yearbook.Deutsche Tolkien Gesellschaft
Hungary
The Magyar Tolkien Társaság (Hungarian Tolkien Society) is a registered public benefit organization whose aim is to enhance public knowledge on the works and mythology created by J. R. R. Tolkien. Apart from organizing the Hungarian Tolkien aficionados into a community (choir, charity ball, creative workshops), the association has grown multifaceted since its foundation in 2002, it provides professional and technical editorial support for new publications, publishes the semiannual magazine Lassi Laurië featuring scholarly articles, interviews, and literary works, and it organizes numerous conferences, meetings and summer camps. In 2002, for its tenth anniversary, the society organized a joint conference with the Institute of English Studies of Károli Gáspár University of the Reformed Church in Hungary entitled "J. R. R. Tolkien: Fantasy and Ethics" and published a book of studies containing the papers presented. The Magyar Tolkien Társaság maintains relations with other tertiary institutions such as the Department of History and Philosophy of Science of Eötvös Loránd University, together with whom it regularly launches courses on Tolkienian subjects ("J. R. R. Tolkien – A 20th Century Mythology")
Czech Republic
Společnost přátel díla pana J. R. R. Tolkiena (Society of Friends of the Works of J.R.R. Tolkien), often abbreviated SPDPJRRT, is the Tolkien Society in the Czech Republic founded in 1992 to commemorate the centenary of J.R.R. Tolkien's birthday. The members of the Society have the opportunity to gather at various meetings. The two main events organized by the society are: The Celebration of the Destruction of the Ring in the end of March and the Bilbo and Frodo's Birthday in September.
In addition to that, there is another event called TolkienCon held in Prague annually in January since 2003. It is not officially organized by the Society, but the organizers are in close contact with the Society. It usually starts late afternoon on Friday and ends midday on Sunday. It is based at a school, including facilities for ‘sleeping rough’ in classrooms.
Slovakia
The main Slovak organization for fans of Tolkien's fiction is the non-profit civic association Spoločenstvo Tolkiena (The Fellowship of Tolkien), founded in 2002.Slovak Tolkien fandom civic association Spoločenstvo Tolkiena Its main goal is to unite fans of Tolkien's works and discuss them, as well as discuss other related fantasy fiction by non-Tolkien authors. In the past, the association published its own irregular fanzine, dubbed Athelas.Athelas fanzine of the Spoločenstvo Tolkiena association Other activities of the association include reenactment and live-action roleplaying, and between 2006 and 2019, serving as the co-founder and co-organiser of the annual Slovak fantasy fiction festival SlavCon (now run by its own dedicated association).About the SlavCon festival and its history under Spoločenstvo Tokiena
Nordic countries
Sweden
The Tolkien Society of Sweden was the first J. R. R. Tolkien society in Europe. It was started in Gothenburg, Sweden, in 1968 by members of Club Cosmos. They published the members' magazine Långbottenbladet. Originally it was just called "The Tolkien Society" but when the British society of the same name was created the members added "of Sweden" to its name.Fandboken 0.91
The Tolkien Society Forodrim (Sindarin for "People of the North") was founded in Sweden in 1972 and is one of the oldest Tolkien fan organizations. The Forodrim was founded in a public toilet during a science fiction convention (possibly SF-Kongressen 1973) as a name change of Sam J Lundwall's Hyboria. Co-founders were Jörgen Peterzén and Anders Palm.Elfwood
Denmark
In Denmark, Tolkien became well known in the 1970s; his works have since considerably influenced Danish language fantasy literature. In 1977, Queen Margrethe II of Denmark illustrated The Lord of the Rings. There are two Danish Tolkien societies; Bri, the Danish Tolkien Society,Bri and the online Imladris community.imladris.dk
Norway
The Hobbit appeared in Norwegian translation in 1972 and The Lord of the Rings followed from 1973 to 1975 (Tiden Norsk Forlag). Both translations were harshly criticized for errors and inconsistencies and complaints resulted in a new translation of The Lord of the Rings, published in 1980/81. By the late 1980s, Tolkien's works were well known to the Norwegian public. A translation of the Silmarillion appeared in 1994. The unsatisfactory Hobbit translation was replaced only in 1997. By the mid-1990s, the popularity of Tolkien had risen to a level that made viable translations of his minor works.
Arthedain – The Tolkien Society of Norway was founded in Oslo in 1981.
Finland
The Finnish Tolkien Society Kontu (Suomen Tolkien-seura Kontu ry in Finnish) is a registered society based in Helsinki, Finland. The society was originally two different societies that unified at the beginning of 2012. The Finnish Tolkien Society (Suomen Tolkien seura) was founded on 3 January 1992 and Kontu Internet Community (Verkkoyhteisö Kontu ry) was founded on 19 December 2006. The main focus of the society is to improve knowledge of J. R. R. Tolkien and his works in Finland as well as to maintain the virtual community and thus the website the society originated from. The various parts of the website contain a discussion forum, a wiki and an IRC channel. KontuWiki has been credited in several Finnish Tolkien related publications since 2007. Every year the society awards the Kuvastaja-prize for the year's best Finnish Fantasy book. There is much smial-activity and the society organizes meetings and other events for Tolkien fans from all over the country.
Russia
Interest in Russia awoke soon after the publication of The Lord of the Rings in 1955, long before the first Russian translation.
A first effort at publication was made in the 1960s, but to comply with literary censorship in Soviet Russia, the work was considerably abridged and transformed. The ideological danger of the book was seen in the "hidden allegory 'of the conflict between the individualist West and the totalitarian, Communist East.'", while, ironically, Marxist readings in the west conversely identified Tolkien's anti-industrial ideas as presented in the Shire with primitive communism, in a struggle with the evil forces of technocratic capitalism. Russian translations of The Lord of the Rings were published only after the collapse of the Soviet Union, but then in great numbers, no less than ten official Russian translations appeared between 1990 and 2005. Tolkien fandom in Russia grew especially rapidly during the early 1990s at Moscow State University. Many unofficial and partly fragmentary translations are in circulation. The first translation appearing in print was that by Kistyakovskij and Muravyov (volume 1, published 1982).
Notable fan works by Russian writers, which often take the form of alternative accounts or informal sequels to Tolkien's published works, include The Last Ringbearer (Последний кольценосец) by Kirill Eskov, and The Black Book of Arda ("Чёрная Книга Арды"). One of the authors of The Black Book of Arda derived her pen name from Nienna, the Vala Lady of Mercy: according to Mark T. Hooker, the work proved so influential in Russia following its 1992 release that "Niennism" emerged as a term used to describe both a "distinctive literary turn and intellectual following".
Japan
The Hobbit appeared in a Japanese translation in 1965 (Hobitto no Boken) and The Lord of the Rings from 1972 to 1975 (Yubiwa Monogatari), both translated by Teiji Seta (1916–1979); they were revised by Seta's assistant Akiko Tanaka in 1992. In 1982, Tanaka translated the Silmarillion (Sirumariru no Monogatari).
Teiji Seta was an expert in classical Japanese literature and a haiku poet, and the Tolkien scholar regards the Seta and Tanaka translations as "almost perfect".
Greece
The Hobbit and Lord of the Rings were published in Greek by Kedros during the 1970s, each by different translators. In the mid-90s Aiolos published Silmarillion and Unfinished Tales. In 2001, shortly before the release of the movies, the first Greek on-line community was formed in a promotional web site which in 2002 founded an official group of fans under the name The Prancing Pony. The group is unofficially divided in two 'smials', in Athens and Thessaloniki.Greek Lord of the Rings Society
Bulgaria
The Bulgarian Tolkien Society was officially established in 1998 when the Bulgarian Tolkien Fan Club Rin Ennor was first registered as a non-profit non-governmental organization by a few students from the Sofia University. Apart from the larger communities in the big cities, the Bulgarian Tolkien Society has local clubs and groups.It is nowadays represented by the website https://www.endorion.org/ and the only remaining discussion board http://bgtolkienforum.org/
Turkey
Interest in Turkey awoke to The Lord of the Rings in the late 1980s, long before the first Turkish translation. A translation of The Lord of the Rings into Turkish was published as Yüzüklerin Efendisi in 1997. After the release of the movies, other Tolkien-related books such as The Silmarillion were translated into Turkish.
Pakistan
Interest in Prof Tolkien's work developed in Pakistan soon after its earliest inception as a separate nationSee Hall Mark: Burn Hall School Magazine Annual 1959, Review, p.15, published by the Burn Hall School, Abbottabad, Pakistan and has existed sporadically over the years. Interest grew manifold after the release and completion of the Lord of the Rings film trilogy and in 2003–04, the 'Lahore Tolkien Reading Group' was established there.Affiliated with and reported in the Official Tolkien Society newsletter see http://www.tolkiensociety.org/ in the UK
Italy
The Italian Tolkien Society (Società Tolkeniana Italiana - STI) was founded in February 1994, after a series of lectures about Tolkien's thought and works made in Italy in 1992 by the Tolkien Society archivist, Patricia Reynolds, on the centenary of Tolkien's birth. She stimulated the creation of the new society, of which she became a godmother. Priscilla Tolkien also became an honorary partner. During the years the society managed to grow enough to have hundreds of members and a lot of constant activities.
It publishes two six-monthly magazines (Terra di Mezzo and Minas Tirith) and organizes two competitions for narrative and images (The Silmaril Awards), from which various publications (such as the volume Frammenti della Terra di Mezzo, a collection of the best stories) are derived. In collaboration with Italian national publishers it also publishes illustrated calendars whose beauty been recognized not only in Italy but internationally as well, for example by HarperCollins (Tolkien's publishing house) that drawn some images from them for their book "Realms of Tolkien".
Every year, in September, usually on its first weekend, they organize the Hobbiton, a great three-days feast with conferences, meetings, debates, concerts, dances, costume re-enactments, film screenings, treasure hunts and other Middle-Earth related activities. They also founded the Palantír publishing house.
In 2021, a pastry chef, Nicolas Gentile, bought a piece of land at Bucchianico in Abruzzo, and walked with friends in costume as the members of the Fellowship of the Ring to throw a ring into the crater of Mount Vesuvius. He has built a hobbit-style house and is seeking crowdfunding to build more. In his view, the people of the region "have always lived as hobbits" close to nature.
References
Sources
External links
Tolkien societies
Elanor – Flanders, Belgium
Bri – Denmark
Deutsche Tolkien Gesellschaft – Germany
Società Tolkeniana Italiana – Italy
Unquendor – Netherlands
Arthedain – Norway
Forodrim – Stockholm, Sweden
Seryn Ennor – Switzerland
The Tolkien Society – United Kingdom
The Mythopoeic Society site – United States
Magyar Tolkien Társaság – Hungary
Spoločenstvo Tolkiena – Slovakia
Orta Dünya – Turkey
Meneltarma – Romania
Category:Tolkien fandom | 77,768,652 |
Tim Freriks | Tim Freriks (born 2 October 1998) is a Dutch footballer, who plays as a forward for Danish 1st Division side Esbjerg fB.
Career
Club career
Freriks took his first steps in football at PSCK Zaandam. Meanwhile, the club merged with VVZ to become Hercules Zaandam.Zaandammer Tim Freriks scoort er op los in Denemarke, voetbalinzaanstad.nl, 30 March 2024 He then moved to KFC before being scouted by FC Groningen, who he ended up joining.Katwijk-aanvaller Tim Freriks is een huismus die altijd terugkomt, voetbaljournaal.com, 24 December 2022
Freriks quickly became a prolific scorer for Groningen's U-19 team and the U-21 team, Jong FC Groningen. He made his Eredivisie debut on May 6, 2018, in a match against PSV Eindhoven, with 19-year-old Freriks coming on for the final few minutes.PSV vs. Groningen 0 - 0, soccerway.com, 6 May 2018 In the following 2018–19 season, Freriks made just seven appearances for Groningen in the first half of the season.
In January 2019 Freriks made the switch to FC Utrecht.Beloftenselectie versterkt met Tim Freriks, fcutrecht.nl, 30 January 2019 However, it was not a successful stay as Freriks suffered from chronic intestinal inflammation during his time at the club and only played four games for the club's Jong FC Utrecht team. To get back on track, Freriks took a step back and joined OFC Oostzaan in the Dutch fourth tier. Already six months later, in December 2019, it was confirmed that he would join Tweede Divisie club VV Katwijk for the upcoming 2020–21 season.Nieuw avontuur Freriks: “De club heeft een duidelijk plan met mij”, hetamsterdamschevoetbal.nl, 14 December 2019
After three seasons at VV Katwijk, Freriks moved to Danish 2nd Division club Akademisk Boldklub in the summer of 2023.AB Gladsaxe henter Tim Freriks, ab-fodbold.dk, 24 July 2023 After a good season where he scored 15 goals in 30 games in all competitions, Freriks was sold to newly promoted Danish 1st Division club Esbjerg fB in the summer of 2024, where he was signed until June 2027.Tim Freriks ny EfB-angriber, efb.dk, 28 June 2024Tim Freriks skifter til Esbjerg fB, ab-fodbold.dk, 28 June 2024
References
External links
Category:Living people
Category:1998 births
Category:Dutch men's footballers
Category:Dutch expatriate men's footballers
Category:Men's association football forwards
Category:Eredivisie players
Category:Eerste Divisie players
Category:Tweede Divisie players
Category:Derde Divisie players
Category:Danish 1st Division players
Category:Danish 2nd Division players
Category:FC Groningen players
Category:Jong FC Utrecht players
Category:OFC Oostzaan players
Category:VV Katwijk players
Category:Akademisk Boldklub players
Category:Esbjerg fB players
Category:Dutch expatriate sportspeople in Denmark
Category:Expatriate men's footballers in Denmark | 77,768,639 |
Moacyr Góes | Moacyr Góes (born 23 October 1961) is a Brazilian screenwriter and film and theatre director.
Biography
Góes was born on 23 October 1961 in Natal. He is the son of educator and historian Moacyr de Góes and brother of actor Leon Góes.
He graduated from the University of Rio de Janeiro (Uni-Rio) with a degree in theatre directing. Beginning with directing plays for the youth, he would go on direct plays such as Noseferatu and the Georg Büchner Woyzeck. In 1988, he founded the Companhia de Encenação Teatral. In 1998, he transferred over to Teatro Carlos Gomes. He later transitioned to directing films and television, including Laços de Família and several movies by Xuxa.
Filmography
As director
2003 - Dom
2003 - Maria - Mãe do Filho de Deus
2003 - Xuxa Abracadabra
2004 - Um Show de Verão
2004 - Irmãos de Fé
2004 - Xuxa e o Tesouro da Cidade Perdida
2005 - Xuxinha e Guto contra os Monstros do Espaço
2006 - Trair e Coçar É só Começar
2007 - O Homem Que Desafiou o Diabo
2009 - Destino
2013 - Bonitinha, mas Ordinária
2017 - Gabeira (documentary) Moacyr Góes finaliza filme sobre Gabeira: 'Ele é o único homem livre que eu conheço'. O Globo, 4 September 2017.
As screenwriter
2003 - Dom
2003 - Maria - Mãe do Filho de Deus
2004 - Irmãos de Fé
2007 - O Homem Que Desafiou o Diabo
Television
As director
1999 - Suave Veneno
2000 - Laços de Família
Theatre
1994 - Peer Gynt. Debuted at Teatro Glória (Rio de Janeiro) in April 1994 with production by the municipality of Rio de Janeiro and the Municipal Secretary of Culture, directed by Góes. Cast included José Mayer, Ivone Hoffman, Patrícia França, Letícia Spiller, Marília Pêra, Paula Lavigne, Ítalo Rossi, and Floriano Peixoto.SILVA, Jane Pessoa da. Ibsen no Brasil. Historiografia, Seleção de textos Críticos e Catálogo Bibliográfico. São Paulo: USP, 2007. Tese.
References
External links
Category:1961 births
Category:Living people
Category:People from Natal, Rio Grande do Norte
Category:Brazilian screenwriters
Category:Brazilian theatre directors | 77,768,596 |
Manfred Bierwisch | Manfred Bierwisch (1930–2024) was a German linguist in the area of structuralism and generative linguistics, with profound connections to music and cultural theory. Bierwisch is near singular in linguistic-theoretical thought in that he, rooted in Eastern Germany, combined several intellectual streams in the post-WII period before Wende, maintaining scholarly exchanges in dictatorship East Germany - at times at great personal cost, including jail time in the 1950s-, with West Germany, French and North American scholarship.
Life
Bierwisch studied in Leipzig under ). Frings recommended Bierwisch to the Berlin doctoral college but remained his primary PhD supervisor. After an interlude of 10 months in an Eastern German jail for the possession of Western intellectual magazines, Bierwisch was able to join in 1956 the new doctoral college on linguistic structuralism to Humboldt University in East Berlin under the leadership of Wolfgang Steinitz, completing his PhD dissertation in 1961. Bierwisch was not the only linguist to be jailed by the East German authorities (see, e.g. ). Frings, as a more traditional structuralist, failed to see the relevance of cognitive processes in linguistic analysis, which would, for a while, become the forté of the budding field of generative linguistics. This would cause issues during Bierwisch's later PhD writing phase, which were resolved by Wolfgang Steinitz as secondary reader taking over primary supervisory responsibilities., as a more traditional structuralist, failed to see the relevance of cognitive processes in linguistic analysis, which would, for a while, become the forté of the budding field of generative linguistics. This would cause issues during Bierwisch's later PhD writing phase, which were resolved by Wolfgang Steinitz as secondary reader taking over primary supervisory responsibilities.
Work
Bierwisch was in the interesting position, both in 1960/61 and in 1989/90 and following, to contribute to linguistic thought at particular junctions. In the early 1960s he may have been one of the first on the continent to develop structuralist grammar into a mentalistic approach, influenced by Chomsky's Syntactic Structures. In the 1990s he was one of the few East German academics who did not only not lose his academic standing but increase it, due to his early adoption of cognitive linguistic approaches. It is worth noting that Bierwisch's considered his research groups, which he led in GDR times at the (East) Berlin Academy of Sciences, in the 1960s/early 1970s for Structural Grammar (disbanded by the GDR regime in 1973), and in the 1980s/1990s for Cognitive Linguistics, as continuation of structural linguistics, combined with a mentalistic perspective.
References
Category:1930 births
Category:2024 deaths
Category:Linguists from Germany | 77,768,580 |
The Body in the Silo | The Body in the Silo is a 1933 detective novel by the British author Ronald Knox.Rooney p.199-200 Magill p.1000 It is the third in a series of five novels featuring the insurance investigator Miles Bredon, one of the many detectives of the Golden Age of Detective Fiction.Shaw p.238 It is a country house mystery taking place in Herefordshire close to the Welsh border. It was published in the United States by Dutton under the alternative title Settled Out of Court.Reilly p.912
Synopsis
Bredon and his wife are invited to join a country house party of the Hallifords, a couple they have recently met. Reluctant to go he is persuaded to by his wife, but finds the company of his hosts and the various other guests unsettling. Not long after they have arrived it is suggested that they all play the eloping game, a variation of a scavenger hunt, which involves a midnight chase across country by car. After returning back the guests return to their beds. In the morning it is discovered that one of them Cecil Worsley, who did not take part in the game, has been found dead in the vary tall silo on the estate. Used to create Silage, Worsley has very obviously been overpowered by fumes in either a tragic accident or suicide.
However, despite the inquest ruling it as an accident, the newspapers and Scotland Yard believe that some foul play may have taken place. Worsley was an influential figure, well-connected in government. As he had a small life insurance policy with Bredon's employer, the Indescribable Insurance Company, he reluctantly agrees to stay on and keep his eyes open to see if he can ferret out information to slip to his old friend Leyland of Scotland Yard. He becomes convinced that the eloping game was a deliberate ploy to empty the house entirely of guests in order to commit the crime, but comes to doubt whether Worsley was really the intended target.
References
Bibliography
Barzun, Jacques & Taylor, Wendell Hertig. A Catalogue of Crime. Harper & Row, 1989.
Corbishley, Thomas. Ronald Knox, the Priest. Sheed and Ward, 1965.
Hubin, Allen J. Crime Fiction, 1749-1980: A Comprehensive Bibliography. Garland Publishing, 1984.
Magill, Frank Northen . Critical Survey of Mystery and Detective Fiction: Authors, Volume 3. Salem Press, 1988.
Reilly, John M. Twentieth Century Crime & Mystery Writers. Springer, 2015.
Rooney, David. The Wine of Certitude: A Literary Biography of Ronald Knox. Ignatius Press, 2014.
Shaw, Bruce. Jolly Good Detecting: Humor in English Crime Fiction of the Golden Age. McFarland, 2013.
Category:1933 British novels
Category:British mystery novels
Category:Novels by Ronald Knox
Category:Novels set in Herefordshire
Category:Novels set in Worcestershire
Category:Novels set in London
Category:British detective novels
Category:British crime novels
Category:Hodder & Stoughton books | 77,768,510 |
Haravijaya | Haravijaya is a Sanskrit mahākāvya written by Ratnākara. The poem narrates Śiva's victory over Andhaka.
Authorship
In the praśasti of Haravijaya, Ratnākara, its author, speaks of himself as the son of Amṛtabhānu, a descendant of Durgadatta from Gangāhrada. According to Kalhana's Rājataraṅgiṇī, he gained fame during the reign of Avantivarman (), but the colophons of Haravijaya suggest it was composed during the reign of Cippaṭa Jayāpīḍa, between 826 and 838 CE. From the theme of his poem, it can be assumed that he was a practitioner of Kashmiri Śaivism; Alexis Sanderson states that the poem's hymns to Śiva and Pārvatī in canto 6 and 47 respectively are the earliest dateable evidence of the presence of Mantramārgic Śaivism in Kashmir. He also authored the Vakroktipañcāśikā, containing fifty verses of dialogue between Śiva and Pārvatī, employing the device of vakrokti ("punning conversation"); this is possibly his only other preserved work.: "Another work called Dhvanigāthāpañjikā, according to [Warder(1988), pp. 157-158], appears to be by some later Ratnākara, also [Smith(1985), p.22] doubts the identy of its author with the one of the Haravijaya."
Summary
Haravijaya is the longest extant Sanskrit mahākāvya, containing a total of 4351 verses in fifty sargas (cantos). The poem narrates Śiva's victory over the Andhaka. In accordance with mahākāvya convention, the poem explores many aspects of life, including nature, seasons, love, and a battle. It also describes Śiva's iconographic features and gives an exposition of Śaiva philosophy in canto six. The poem belongs to a later phase of kāvya development, emphasising display of knowledge and command of poetical devices. The poet liberally uses concepts and technical terms from various śāstras on the fields described in the poem.
Reception
Haravijaya has been praised in many Sanskrit anthologies and works on rhetorics and is also held in high esteem by modern Indian Sanskrit scholars. Rājaśekhara complemented Ratnākara with the following verse:
Commentaries
Peter Pasedach lists three commentaries on the poem: Viṣamapadoddyotā by Alaka, Laghupañcikā by Ratnakaṇṭha, and Haravijayasāravivaraṇa by Utpala.
Editions
An edition of the work was published in 1890, prepared by Pandit Durgaprasad and Kasinath Pandurang Parab for the Kāvyamālā series. It contains Alaka's commentary up to canto 46. Another edition of the text, from 1982, was prepared by Dr. Goparaju Rama for the Ganganatha Jha Kendriya Sanskrit Vidyapitha Text Series and published in two volumes. It is a critical edition based on six manuscripts without any serious variation, and only contains Ratnākara's verses, without any commentary.
References
Notes
Bibliography
Further reading
Category:9th-century poems
Category:Sanskrit poetry
Category:Ancient Indian poems
Category:Hindu poetry
Category:9th-century Sanskrit literature | 77,768,462 |
André Rochat | André Rochat is a retiredhttps://vegas.eater.com/2015/1/27/7863541/andre-rochat-vegas-first-celebrity-chef-reflects-on-35-years French chef and restaurateur best known for his Michelin-starred Las Vegas-based restaurants Andre’s and Alizé.
Early years
Born in the French Alps, Rochat learned about the food business from his family, who owned a meat preparation business, in the village of La Rochette in Savoy, France.https://www.reviewjournal.com/life/r-jeneration-andre-rochat-turns-lifelong-passion-for-cooking-into-career-as-las-vegas-celebrity-chef/ Rochat left France in 1965 and moved to Boston. He worked in various East Coast hotels including Boston's Charter House and the Mayflower Hotel in Washington D.C. as well as a stint as an in-flight chef for United Airlines.https://lasvegassun.com/news/2004/jan/07/dinner-with-andre-french-born-rochat-graduates-har/
In 1973, he opened his Savoy French Bakery in Las Vegas on the corner of Flamingo and Maryland Parkway.
Andre’s
In 1980, Rochat opened Andre’s, a French restaurant located in Downtown Las Vegas. The restaurant would feature a rustic ambiance. Andre's would go on to receive Michelin one-star ratings in 2008 and 2009 (the only two years the Michelin Guide rated Las Vegas restaurants) as well as AAA four-diamond ratings. The downtown location would close in 2009. Upon closure, Rochat commented, “Real nice place…Wrong location.”https://www.reviewjournal.com/news/downtown-bids-adieu-to-andres/
Andre’s Restaurant & Cigar Lounge opening at the Monte Carlo on the Las Vegas Strip in 1997. Andre's had a cigar bar and lounge with a library featuring Rochat's collection of hundreds of cookbooks.https://www.latimes.com/travel/lasvegas/lasvegasnow/la-tr-lvn-las-vegas-restaurants-andres-20150401-story.htmlhttps://vegas.eater.com/2015/3/31/8319883/las-vegas-restaurants-andre-rochat-culinary-library It contained a large wine cellar, as well as what the restaurant called "one of the widest selections of cognacs, armagnacs and after-dinner drinks in North America." The restaurant would be a multi-year recipient of the AAA 4-diamond rating. The Monte Carlo location would close in October 2016.https://vegas.eater.com/2016/8/12/12463038/andres-monte-carlo-closes
Alizé
Rochat opened Alizé at the Palms Casino Resort on the Las Vegas Strip in 2001. A fine dining establishment that served French cuisine would be located at the top floor of the casino/hotel. Alizé would go on to receive Michelin one-star ratings in 2008 and 2009 (the only two years the Michelin Guide rated Las Vegas restaurants). The restaurant would close in 2017.https://vegas.eater.com/2017/11/14/16652204/alize-palms-closed
Andre’s Bistro & Bar
In 2016, Andre’s Bistro & Bar opened in Summerlin but it was short-lived and closed in 2018. Rochat requested that his name no longer be associated with this restaurant that was to be an homage to him after the closure of Andre's at the Monte Carlo.https://vegas.eater.com/2018/12/13/18138758/andres-bistro-bar-closed
Awards
2008: James Beard Foundation Award, Semifinalist, “Outstanding Restaurateur”https://www.jamesbeard.org/chef/andre-rochat
2014: Lifetime Achievement Award from the Nevada Restaurant Associationhttps://vegas.eater.com/2014/10/31/7138135/meet-the-nevada-restaurant-association-culinary-excellence-award#0
See also
List of Michelin-starred restaurants in Las Vegas
References
Category:French chefs
Category:Living people
Category:Head chefs of Michelin-starred restaurants
Category:Year of birth missing (living people) | 77,768,442 |
Skye (song) | "Skye" is a 1984 single released by Scottish celtic rock band Runrig, released as the second single from their fourth studio album Heartland (1985). Released on 30 November 1984, St. Andrews Day in Scotland, "Skye" is a tribute to the Isle of Skye, the island in the Inner Hebrides off the coast of mainland Scotland, where the band originate from. It was produced by Alan O'Duffy, alongside its B–side "Hey Mandhu".
Background
The track "Skye" was written by the band as an acknowledgement of their place of origin, the Isle of Skye off the coast of mainland Scotland, where they formed in 1973. Jerry Smith from Musicweek commented that "Skye" was a "change of direction from the normal sedate folk rock", whilst describing the song as "a fast paced single with a rousing chorus and guitar lines vaguely reminiscent of Big Country", claiming the song to be "a fine piece of Gaelic tinged rock and roll".
Release and promotion
"Skye" was released in 1984 as the second single from their fourth studio album Heartland. It marked one of the earliest releases by the band since signing with Simple Records. They were credited by the record label for "danceable rock music heavily tinged with Celtic influences from their native Isle of Scotland". The first release by the band under Simple Records was the predecessor single to "Skye", "Dance Called America" was released in August 1984 on both 7" and 12" formats. Simple Records had recently signed a distribution deal with EMI Records shortly before "Skye" was released.
The first known occasion the band performed the track live was during a concert at Caol Community Center in Fort William in 1985. By 1986, the song was featured on the bands setlist for concerts in Scotland and Germany. In 1987, during their supporting act appearance in Edinburgh for Irish rock band U2, "Skye" was included on the setlist for the concert played at Murrayfield Stadium on 1 August 1987, and featured on all concert appearances by the band that year.
In 1996, "Skye" was performed by the band during their appearance at Rockpalast held in Philipshalle, Düsseldorf. The concert was later released on DVD in 2020.
Chart and sales controversy
Gallup, Inc. was criticised heavily by Simple Records after "Skye" was deleted from the listing of singles that charted between 100-200 on the UK Singles Charts, citing that Gallup had given them "no way to fight back" and dispute the decision. Gallup began an investigation into alleged suspicious sales of "Skye" after it was deemed ineligible for charting, despite it charting at number 108 on the UK Singles Charts in the week previous. A spokesperson for Gallup claimed that "Skye" had been deemed ineligible for charting and thus deleted from the listing due to a "discrepancy between the returns from chart panel shops and those from the check panel", further adding that Gallup deemed the sales of the single to "be suspicious". Four incidents were recorded and flagged to Gallup surrounding multiple sales.
Simple Records argued that unusual sale figures were in part due to "most loyal Runrig fans" being Scottish Gaelic speakers. Solicitor Michael Mellersh who was acting on behalf of the record company stated in a letter to Gallup that "many native Gaels go home to the islands in early December until the New Year. While Simple has serviced some general record stores direct, most people in those regions rely on those friends and relations returning to the cities to send copies to them". Four incidents were recorded and flagged to Gallup surrounding multiple sales. Representatives of Simple Records and the British Phonographic Industry met with Gallup to discuss the single.
The investigation by Gallup was delayed as a result of bad weather in January 1985. Shirlie Stone, who ran Simple Records, said that she was "disappointed at the lack of information coming from Gallup".
Track listing
1984 7" Vinyl, White Label
"Skye"
"Hey Mandu"
Vinyl, 7", 45 RPM, single
"Skye"
"Hey Mandu"
Chart performance
Chart (1984)Peakposition
See also
Isle of Skye
Runrig discography
References
Category:1984 songs
Category:1984 singles
Category:Runrig songs | 77,768,430 |
Dimitrije Konjović | Dimitrije Konjović (German: Demeter Konjovics; 31 December 1888 – 5 January 1982) was Serbian naval officer, aviator and entrepreneur of the Austro-Hungarian Marine Air Force and later Yugoslav Air Force. In 1923 he founded the Ikarus Aircraft Factory in Zemun, in present-day Serbia.
Dimitrije Konjović is the younger brother of the composer Petar Konjović and the cousin of the painter Milan Konjović.
Biography
Youth
Konjovic was born in Stanišić near the town of Sombor, Vojvodina, a region which was then part of Austro-Hungarian Empire. After completing the elementary school in Stanišić, near Sombor, he studied the Hungarian High School in Sombor and then, with the help of his parish, he studied at the Naval Academy in Fiume. After four years of studies he sailed in the Mediterranean and on the oceans serving as an Austro-Hungarian Navy navigation officer. He got acquainted with aviation in 1911 and 1912 during his service in Pula, where he flew a seaplane built by engineer Josif Mikla.
World War I
thumb|left|Lieutenant Konjović saves the officers of a damaged k.k. plane under fire of enemy batteries in the Adriatic Sea, February 2 1916 (German illustration)
thumb|The aviation officers of the k.u.k. Flotten-Flugabteilung with its commander, Lieutenant Konjović (3.) 1. Freglt. Klimburg, 2. Freglt. Kunsti 4. Freglt. Ritschel, 5. Seektl. Fritsch von Cronenwald, 6. Seekdt. Schmidt, 7. Seekdt. Severra
At the outbreak of World War I he served as an officer and commander of a naval squadron. At the end of 1914, at his request, he underwent a year-long pilot training until the end of 1915, he when he start to participate on a air patrols in the northern Adriatic Sea. He was then appointed commander of all seaplane bases from Šibenik to the Albanian border with the command base located at Kumbor. In the Bay of Kotor and he remained placed until the end of the war.
On September 15 1915, Lieutenant-Commander Konjović and Officer Valter Železny, flying the UFAG TL L132 (Konjović) and Ufag TL L135 (Železny) seaplanes, surprised a French submarine Foucault (Q70), bombed it and sank it; the survivors were rescued. This was the first time that an aircraft had sunk a submarine. An the end of the war Konjović reached the rank of Frigate captain.
Yugoslavia
After the armistice in 1918 Konjović handed over the Austro-Hungarian marine air fleet under the command of the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and later was appointed the first head of the Naval Aviation of the new country, remaining in this position until 1923. On 2 October 1923, he founded the Ikarus aircraft company, one of the first aircraft manufacturers in the Balkans, and then served as its director and one of the main shareholders for twenty years.
During World War II, when the Axis powers occupied Yugoslavia, Konjović was arrested and imprisoned in the Banjica concentration camp near Belgrade for a few years. After his release, he spent the rest of the war living on a farm near the capital. After the 1945 liberation of Yugoslavia he reorganized his factory in Zemun and once again worked there as the director. However, in 1946 he was accused by the communist authorities of "economic collaboration with the occupiers". His assets were confiscated, including his shares in the Ikarus company.
In 1947, Konjović retired from the public life and moved with his family to Beška, where he worked in agriculture. Family returned to Belgrade in 1961. Dimitrije Konjović lived there until his death in 1982.
See also
Ikarus Aircraft Factory
References
Bibliography
External links
Category:1888 births
Category:1982 deaths
Category:Serbian aviators
Category:Serbian businesspeople
Category:Serbian engineers
Category:Austro-Hungarian World War I pilots
Category:Aviation pioneers
Category:Aviators from Austria-Hungary | 77,768,421 |
Regiomontano (train) | The Regiomontano (from the Spanish demonym for a person from Monterrey) was a passenger train that provided service between Mexico City and Monterrey, formerly operated by Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México.
It was considered a luxury train, due to the small niche of users, mainly from the middle or upper class. Therefore, it did not provide a mass transport service. Its journey was fifteen hours, and its intermediate stops were mainly San Luis Potosí and Saltillo.
The train had 4 stations on its route: Mexico City's Buenavista station, San Luis Potosí, Saltillo, and Monterrey.
History
Line B of the national railway network, which runs from Mexico City to Nuevo Laredo, was built during the Porfiriato through foreign capital investment. On 31 August 1882, it reached Monterrey, which, together with the steel and brewing industries, triggered the development of the third most important metropolitan area in Mexico.
Because its route was geographically less rugged than other routes from the country's capital, it was supposed to be one of the two fast trains of the Mexican railway system, along with the Águila Azteca, that transported passengers from Mexico Cityu to Monterrey, being able to cover that route in a time of between twelve and fourteen hours, not making any stopovers.
During the 1970s, railroads built on wooden sleepers were better off than asphalt or dirt roads; and passenger transport was cheaper than the more modern civil aviation. Initially, the city of San Luis Potosí was the only stopover between Monterrey and Mexico City; but in time it was possible for the train to stop at Huehuetoca.
Following the decentralization of the national rail transport service in 1996 and the dissolution of Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México in 2001, privately owned railroads have used Line B for freight transport only. From the end of the N de M until the opening of Tren Maya and Tren Interoceánico in 2023, the only remaining inter-city passenger trains in Mexico were tourist trains, such as the Tequila Express and the Ferrocarril Chihuahua al Pacífico.
Proposed revival
On 20 November 2023, the government of Andrés Manuel López Obrador announced a decree to reactivate seven passenger train routes, including the Mexico City-San Luis Potosí-Monterrey-Nuevo Laredo route. By February 2024, Canadian Pacific Kansas City, the current operator of the Mexico City-Nuevo Laredo Line, had expressed interest in hosting the service.
The following July, president-elect Claudia Sheinbaum announced that this line will be the first passenger train route to be built during her administration, and that it will be built by military engineers of the Secretariat of National Defense. The revived Mexico City-Nuevo Laredo train, will be an electric train traveling at a top speed of , and it will have intermediate stops at Querétaro, San Luis Potosí and Monterrey. This train is currently scheduled to open in December 2029.
Amenities
The Regiomontano was a luxury train which carried a dining car that offered a first class service, a menu of exquisite table wines, and dishes for dinner and lunch. It also had a bar car in which drinks and snacks were served. The sleeping cars had dressing rooms and bedrooms with private bathrooms and comfortable armchairs that, at night, became beds.
See also
Águila Azteca
Rail transport in Mexico
Ferrocarriles Nacionales de México
References
Category:Named passenger trains of Mexico | 77,768,399 |
Nicole Laroche | Nicole Laroche (née Schrottenloher) (20 July 1945 - 28 May 2019) was a French engineer. In 1964, she became the first female Gadzarts, the nickname given to students attending the École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers (ENSAM) engineering grande ecole.
Early life and education
Nicole Christiane Schrottenloher was born on 20 July 1945 in the 18th arrondissement of Paris to a family of modest means, her father was a bakery worker. She passed the entry examination for the École nationale supérieure d'arts et métiers (ENSAM) in 1964. She was the first female student to enter the school, and her admission to ENSAM received extensive media coverage.
First female Gadzarts engineer
In 1964 Nicole Schrottenloher became the first woman Gadzarts, the nickname given to students attending the Arts et Métiers ParisTech (formerly the École Nationale Supérieure d'Arts et Métiers - often abbreviated to ENSAM), a grande ecole (university) specialised in engineering. Her entry into ENSAM was the subject of significant media attention. The Gadzarts wear a formal navy blue uniform, nicknamed a 'Zag', in a nod to the university's military foundation. As the first woman to join the college, it was decided that a women's uniform was required. It was designed for her by French designer Jacques Esterel, himself an earlier graduate of ENSAM (Cl. 35), who also designed uniforms for air crews and French Olympic teams in the 1960s.
Schrottenloher was one of the first women to enter the leading French engineering schools: the first woman to be admitted to the École des ponts ParisTech had only been two years earlier in 1962. It took until 1970 for a woman to be admitted to Mines Paris – PSL and until 1972 for the École polytechnique to admit a woman. Anne-Marcelle Schrameck had graduated from l'École nationale supérieure des mines de Saint-Étienne in 1919, but remained the only woman to attend for 50 years as the rules were changed to exclude female students after her.
Schrottenloher entered the Lille class, classified as Class Li.64 in the ENSAM system. The living accommodation at the college was only designed for men, so Schrottenloher had to live in the town rather than the college which limited her presence at lessons and meals. The expenses were covered by a loan from the Soci (Alumi society), which she repaid in full as soon as she graduated to ensure that other students could benefit from future financial support. Her male classmates were supportive, and she made lifelong friends, but she was isolated at times, and the college experience wasn't particularly easy for her. Nicole Schrottenloher married Michel Laroche and used the name Nicole Laroche from then on.
She later shared her experience for a commemorative exhibition in 2015.(préf. Jacques Paccard, photogr. Carine Lutt), Paris, Société des ingénieurs Arts & Métiers, 2015, 141 p. (ISBN 978-2-9551586-0-9), p. 5, 16, 17
Career
Nicole Laroche began her career in the sales department of a steel equipment company for a few months. She was soon earning double her father's salary.
She then became coordinator of design and methods for an automotive subcontractor, a position she held for 4 years before returning to college for further study. She obtained her engineering diploma from the Institut Français du Froid Industriel (IFFI) in 1975.
Laroche worked as design manager for air conditioning in railway carriages for the next 14 years.
She then made a career change, taking the Ministry of National Education (France) exams to become a mathematics teacher at the Lycée Professionnel La Tournelle in La Garenne-Colombes, Hauts de Seine until her retirement. Laroche was supportive of women engineering students who followed in her footsteps and spoke of her experiences at events to encourage girls to consider engineering as a career.
Awards
In 2014, Nicole Laroche was awarded the Médaille de Bronze by the société des Ingénieurs Arts et Métiers, the alumni association of Arts et Métiers ParisTech.
Death
During her battle against cancer, Laroche enjoyed meeting up with her old classmates.
Nicole Laroche died on the 28 May 2019 in Argenteuil, in the northwestern suburbs of Paris. She was survived by her husband Michel and son Sylvain.
References
Category:1945 births
Category:2019 deaths
Category:Arts et Métiers ParisTech alumni
Category:20th-century French engineers
Category:20th-century French women engineers
Category:21st-century French women engineers
Category:Engineers from Paris
Category:Deaths from cancer in France | 77,768,396 |
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