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1411.2489
We consider thermalization of a microscopic quantum system by interaction with a thermal bath. Our interest is the minimal size the bath can have while still being able to thermalize the system. Within a specific thermalization scheme we show that a single spin-1/2 can be fully thermalized by interaction with a bath that consists of just two other spin-1/2. The two bath spins are initially in a pure, entangled state, and the thermalizing interaction is a Heisenberg exchange-interaction of the system-spin with one of the bath spins. The time dependent coupling strength has to obey a single integral constraint. We also present a simple generalization of this minimal model in which the bath consists of an arbitrary number of spin-1/2 pairs.
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0809.1299
We have observed the spatial inhomogeneity of the electronic structure of a single-crystalline electron-doped EuO thin film with ferromagnetic ordering by employing infrared magneto-optical imaging with synchrotron radiation. The uniform paramagnetic electronic structure changes to a uniform ferromagnetic structure via an inhomogeneous state with decreasing temperature and increasing magnetic field slightly above the ordering temperature. One possibility of the origin of the inhomogeneity is the appearance of magnetic polaron states.
84da3475-3d1b-488e-8b0e-2f14e4d77a6d
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1707.01114
We extend the recent bounds of Sason and Verd\'u relating R\'enyi entropy and Bayesian hypothesis testing [arXiv:1701.01974] to the quantum domain and show that they have a number of different applications. First, we obtain a sharper bound relating the optimal probability of correctly distinguishing elements of an ensemble of states to that of the pretty good measurement, and an analogous bound for optimal and pretty good entanglement recovery. Second, we obtain bounds relating optimal guessing and entanglement recovery to the fidelity of the state with a product state, which then leads to tight tripartite uncertainty and monogamy relations.
84da38cc-128f-448d-8595-27a29915d330
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2201.04099
In particle-based stochastic reaction-diffusion models, reaction rate and placement kernels are used to decide the probability per time a reaction can occur between reactant particles, and to decide where product particles should be placed. When choosing kernels to use in reversible reactions, a key constraint is to ensure that detailed balance of spatial reaction-fluxes holds at all points at equilibrium. In this work we formulate a general partial-integral differential equation model that encompasses several of the commonly used contact reactivity (e.g. Smoluchowski-Collins-Kimball) and volume reactivity (e.g. Doi) particle models. From these equations we derive a detailed balance condition for the reversible $\textrm{A} + \textrm{B} \leftrightarrows \textrm{C}$ reaction. In bounded domains with no-flux boundary conditions, when choosing unbinding kernels consistent with several commonly used binding kernels, we show that preserving detailed balance of spatial reaction-fluxes at all points requires spatially varying unbinding rate functions near the domain boundary. Brownian Dynamics simulation algorithms can realize such varying rates through ignoring domain boundaries during unbinding and rejecting unbinding events that result in product particles being placed outside the domain.
84da3910-c18a-4327-a0ef-53c4c373b2e6
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-0.02560727, 0.055848423, -0.08718608, -0.005761118, -0.0032840322, 0.0014835969, -0.01486294, 0.017102197, 0.07668043, 0.0058711073, -0.022887915, 0.042429645, 0.0680495, 0.008890538, -0.024196507, 0.018485866, -0.002037257, -0.0020045426, 0.014868833, -0.050319146, -0.014566383, 0.06390964 ]
1809.04458
In this paper, we explore the use of a factorized hierarchical variational autoencoder (FHVAE) model to learn an unsupervised latent representation for dialect identification (DID). An FHVAE can learn a latent space that separates the more static attributes within an utterance from the more dynamic attributes by encoding them into two different sets of latent variables. Useful factors for dialect identification, such as phonetic or linguistic content, are encoded by a segmental latent variable, while irrelevant factors that are relatively constant within a sequence, such as a channel or a speaker information, are encoded by a sequential latent variable. The disentanglement property makes the segmental latent variable less susceptible to channel and speaker variation, and thus reduces degradation from channel domain mismatch. We demonstrate that on fully-supervised DID tasks, an end-to-end model trained on the features extracted from the FHVAE model achieves the best performance, compared to the same model trained on conventional acoustic features and an i-vector based system. Moreover, we also show that the proposed approach can leverage a large amount of unlabeled data for FHVAE training to learn domain-invariant features for DID, and significantly improve the performance in a low-resource condition, where the labels for the in-domain data are not available.
84da40fd-8d3c-481c-bb32-a739bf4b973e
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0.013865472, -0.018407948, 0.004881029, -0.021822203, 0.04766378, -0.0004328297, 0.003908191, -0.005183701, -0.008873895, -0.064534426, -0.005682183, -0.030591045, -0.042509947, -0.007395239, -0.0015523618, -0.010713041, -0.0068166573, 0.01614795, 0.06784624, -0.014851001, 0.021437282, -0.022923635, 0.0064379964, 0.050464492, -0.010927857, 0.05035202, 0.004027825, 0.06300295, 0.06638082, -0.05185219, -0.053789373, -0.0067120097, 0.027082514, 0.046309922, -0.0029053895, 0.031262312, -0.018579075, 0.07571886, -0.0029775405, 0.02744121, 0.016413342, -0.021283893, 0.0030309171, -0.061545376, -0.0036113206, 0.0035583626, 0.0068869754, -0.06609864, 0.030381858, 0.023731403, 0.051594734, 0.0022537143, -0.022062961, -0.018054795, 0.05858792, -0.021227233, 0.046922192, -0.01853139, -0.07458333, 0.0168111, 0.015122332, 0.05931536, 0.014286632, 0.010268848, 0.013447125, -0.031656742, -0.016957667, 0.034725025, 0.0305597, 0.025276523, 0.045306522, 0.020301374, -0.004440611, 0.04576216, 0.0066911904, 0.056262, -0.062064398, -0.0064172647, 0.055589806, -0.06946822, -0.05687798, -0.021011887, -0.022362232, -0.009092832, 0.03351372, 0.0097299, 0.019369323, -0.03964457, 0.011324682, 0.043758146, -0.009491737, -0.040307887, 0.027443208, -0.007326502, -0.013931387, -0.0015605566, 0.010455615, 0.017892223, 0.060081482 ]
2210.00317
To address three significant challenges of massive wireless communications including propagation loss, long-distance transmission, and channel fading, we aim at establishing the hybrid antenna array with bowtie elements in a compact size for beamforming applications. In this work we rigorously demonstrate that bowtie elements allow for a significant improvement in the beamforming performance of the hybrid antenna array compared to not only other available antenna arrays, but also its geometrical counterpart with dipole elements. We have achieved a greater than 15 dB increase in SINR values, a greater than 20% improvement in the antenna efficiency, a significant enhancement in the DoA estimation, and 20 increments in the directivity for the hybrid antenna array with bowtie elements, compared to its geometrical counterpart, by performing a three-class classification LS-SVM (LeastSquares Support Vector Machine) optimization method. The proposed hybrid antenna array has shown a 3D uniform directivity, which is accompanied by its superior performance in the 3D uniform beam-scanning capability. The directivities remain almost constant at 40.83 dBi with the variation of angle {\theta}, and 41.21 dBi with the variation of angle {\phi}. The unrivaled functionality and performance of the hybrid antenna array with bowtie elements makes it a potential candidate for beamforming applications in massive wireless communications.
84da43ad-ee62-4f10-946a-509ab493608d
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1305.5284
The discussion of the large elliptic flow of direct photons in Quark Matter 2014 has been reviewed. Then based on previous technique work, the physics meaning related to the large elliptic flow of direct photons is invetigated in this paper.
84da44ad-ef23-4ee1-acf3-2d700763b411
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0808.0433
A variational Monte Carlo calculation is used for studying the ground state of the two-dimensional Hubbard model, including hopping between both nearest and next-nearest neighbor sites. Superconductivity with d-wave symmetry is found to be restricted to densities where the Fermi surface crosses the magnetic zone boundary. The condensate energy is much larger for hole doping than for electron doping. Superconductivity is kinetic energy driven for hole doping, but potential energy driven for electron doping. Our findings agree surprisingly well with experimental data for layered cuprates, both for electron- and hole-doped materials.
84da4846-7015-4d80-9158-b56c8b32727c
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1408.1154
We consider an $\epsilon K$ transversal perturbing vector field in a foliated Brownian motion defined in a foliated tubular neighbourhood of an embedded compact submanifold in $\R^3$. We study the effective behaviour of the system under this $\epsilon$ perturbation. If the perturbing vector field $K$ is proportional to the Gaussian curvature at the corresponding leaf, we have that the transversal component, after rescaling the time by $t/\epsilon$, approaches a linear increasing behaviour proportional to the Euler characteristic of $M$, as $\epsilon$ goes to zero. An estimate of the rate of convergence is presented.
84da552a-4c35-464d-b03b-3aca9086c7b3
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0.0035023757, -0.032021504, -0.037401613, 0.005607668, -0.007268384, 0.028191673, 0.037640575, -0.0214375, -0.018999556, 0.0040201303, -0.0048464667, 0.020055939, -0.05854426, 0.018254653, -0.025915204, 0.0007940056, -0.000098238066, 0.0024337512, -0.010300252, -0.03289899, 0.03700507, 0.017083133, 0.012818367, -0.00527036, -0.025546221, 0.068524934, -0.028968759, 0.039853446, 0.04296058, -0.045959406, -0.00801365, -0.0479807, 0.02027501, 0.024392799, -0.013669874, 0.018511824, -0.0057207756, 0.002899091, -0.017263258, 0.015134632, -0.00010837019, -0.0646713, -0.0011822628, -0.037040077, 0.010964633, -0.01699327, 0.016440187, -0.043952018, -0.011945362, 0.01732814, 0.04497412, -0.007229776, -0.017626723, -0.004391676, 0.025375267, -0.0058035706, -0.008696705, 0.008643028, -0.024198288, 0.008663278, 0.020960702, 0.03241166, 0.015293762, 0.05783011, -0.0109553095, -0.017220058, -0.017641405, 0.021056484, 0.035017453, -0.023955245, 0.0856496, -0.018675933, -0.016573193, 0.07537868, 0.016671505, 0.062916994, -0.02193434, -0.010894803, 0.039928418, -0.035051998, -0.0054232404, -0.012854952, 0.025326788, -0.0021534564, -0.021560002, 0.034044106, 0.006647364, -0.047782805, 0.056632377, 0.05901191, -0.006912774, -0.004341273, 0.022660842, 0.03756585, 0.011985817, 0.026037563, 0.012596915, -0.002433375, 0.027254907 ]
math/0603520
We use the theory of symmetric functions to enumerate various classes of alternating permutations w of {1,2,...,n}. These classes include the following: (1) both w and w^{-1} are alternating, (2) w has certain special shapes, such as (m-1,m-2,...,1), under the RSK algorithm, (3) w has a specified cycle type, and (4) w has a specified number of fixed points. We also enumerate alternating permutations of a multiset. Most of our formulas are umbral expressions where after expanding the expression in powers of a variable E, E^k is interpreted as the Euler number E_k. As a small corollary, we obtain a combinatorial interpretation of the coefficients of an asymptotic expansion appearing in Ramanujan's Lost Notebook.
84da5e7f-2c90-444f-b56e-42f49d0d980d
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-0.037840467, -0.0261162, -0.0026591881, -0.044528432, -0.022043858, 0.0094632, 0.01065195, 0.029892089, -0.025405446, -0.013326283, 0.009488673, 0.035966057, 0.050732218, 0.028533086, -0.025180692, 0.012572169, 0.0744716, 0.040979043, -0.0032211759, -0.040296905, 0.041427784, -0.0033176355, -0.019741697, -0.020350957, 0.00987724, -0.034895603, 0.017605064, 0.061771996, 0.07580775, -0.06988172, 0.06001344, 0.02987523, -0.048566435, 0.048059788, 0.02428791, 0.018554533, -0.027628247, -0.046704255, 0.02031309, 0.0433854, -0.06968498, -0.014701715, 0.03453315, 0.05188371, -0.0013429676, -0.006866375, 0.049680583, 0.054516047, -0.047609217, -0.043916322, -0.022346983, 0.038908433, -0.03939082, 0.062039107, 0.040800758, 0.018549046, 0.04415717, -0.0054141143, -0.010600465, -0.01910936, 0.03718908, 0.032552537, -0.0046370155, -0.061287574, 0.012299117, 0.0126908, -0.045173347, -0.12657255, 0.018703692, 0.02556863, 0.0697479, -0.044079218, 0.020558944, 0.06605515, -0.022571888, 0.07617877, 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0.005039997, 0.013422261, 0.007466674, -0.026947472, -0.04876248, -0.0737389, -0.02431155, 0.010770413, -0.06844146, -0.01661557, 0.01727221, -0.0074572307, 0.01785639, -0.003811882, 0.06257404, -0.038983688, 0.061429825, 0.007622152, -0.024414916, 0.021833435, -0.048588917, 0.049548455, -0.046108168, -0.00566267, 0.071532995, -0.05287966, -0.04849035, -0.047221933, 0.031946246, -0.011030095, -0.008605523, 0.039910868, -0.038223516, 0.050510403, -0.032398913, 0.025186809, -0.012635589, -0.03324044, -0.012871092, -0.0044026477, 0.015339017, -0.013619805, -0.004334083, -0.055819497, 0.0075983144, -0.0055532744, 0.06112917, 0.037409842, -0.033856858, -0.018344479, 0.04259244, -0.024576198, -0.02289576, 0.03778939, -0.032595932, 0.013303659, 0.018344065, 0.07507548, 0.013646989, 0.01904607, 0.023500105, -0.025039682, -0.005901252, 0.012905369, 0.048768666, 0.03454605, 0.034016218, 0.012269055, -0.03582563, 0.06727695, 0.054368716, 0.04483603, -0.06770181, -0.022779992, -0.00449719, -0.06287022, -0.04511114, -0.04256188, -0.004119243, 0.009192492, -0.006988285, 0.00787443, -0.018943852, -0.04919187, 0.003458923, 0.027249467, 0.00078779215, -0.014415813, -0.0039886567, -0.0029145654, -0.004764612, -0.024676893, -0.02768147, 0.013240873, 0.02833379 ]
1805.12423
The orbital contribution to the magnetic moment of the transition metal ion in the isostructural weak ferromagnets ACO$_3$ (A=Mn,Co,Ni) and FeBO$_3$ was investigated by a combination of first-principles calculations, non-resonant x-ray magnetic scattering and x-ray magnetic circular dichroism. A non-trivial evolution of the orbital moment as a function of the $3d$ orbitals filling is revealed, with an anomalously large value found in the Co member of the family. Here, the coupling between magnetic and lattice degrees of freedom produced by the spin-orbit interaction results in a large single-ion anisotropy and a peculiar magnetic-moment-induced electron cloud distortion, evidenced by the appearance of a subtle scattering amplitude at space group-forbidden reflections and significant magnetostrictive effects. Our results, which complement a previous investigation on the sign of the Dzyaloshinskii$-$Moriya interaction across the series, highlight the importance of spin-orbit coupling in the physics of weak ferromagnets and prove the ability of modern first-principles calculations to predict the properties of materials where the Dzyaloshinskii$-$Moriya interaction is a fundamental ingredient of the magnetic Hamiltonian.
84da61c2-dcdc-4a22-a46b-5d7db98caa47
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1606.01696
Evaluating accessible conformational space is computationally expensive and thermal motions are partly neglected in computer models of molecular interactions. This produces error into the estimates of binding strength. We introduce a method for modelling interactions so that structural flexibility is inherently taken into account. It has a statistical model for 3D properties of 'nonlocal' contacts and a physics based description of 'local' interactions, based on mechanical torque. The form of the torque barrier is derived using a representation of the local electronic structure, which is presumed to improve transferability, compared to traditional force fields. The nonlocal contacts are more distant than 1-4 interactions and Target-atoms are represented by 3D probability densities. Probability mass quantifies strength of contact and is calculated as an overlap integral. Repulsion is described by negative probability density, allowing probability mass to be used as the descriptor of contact preference. As a result, we are able to transform the high-dimensional problem into a simpler evaluation of three-dimensional integrals. We outline how this scoring function gives a tool to study the enthalpy--entropy compensation and demonstrate the feasibility of our approach by evaluating numerical probability masses for chosen side chain to main chain contacts in a lysine dipeptide structure.
84da7410-19ce-44b0-b5f4-066d0fe0f978
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2004.00504
For a positive integer $q\not\equiv 2 \pmod 4$, this work considers the fourth moment of Dirichlet $L$-functions averaged over both $t\in [0,T]$ and primitive characters to modulus $q$. An asymptotic formula with a power saving from both $q$-aspect and $t$-aspect in the error term is obtained.
84da7ba2-4459-45e0-96b8-5d7264a68777
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1410.8322
In this letter we study the dynamics of a first order phase transition from nucleonic to quark matter in neutron stars. Using standard equations of state for these two phases we find the density range where such a transition is possible. Then we study the transformation of the star assuming that the quark core is formed via a spherical shock wave. The thermodynamical conditions in the quark core are found from the conservation laws across the transition region. Their dependence on the density and velocity of the incoming nuclear matter are studied. It is found that the shock is especially violent in the beginning of the conversion process when the velocity of the infalling matter is especially high. As the shock propagates further from the center the front velocity first increases and reaches a maximum value when the incoming velocity is around $0.2$. Finally, the front velocity quickly goes to zero when incoming matter velocity approaches zero. We have shown that the density and pressure jumps are especially large in the begining of the transition process.
84da7f5d-9147-4de3-b146-8f6a2efdde0e
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1012.1661
Ondex is a data integration and visualization platform developed to support Systems Biology Research. At its core is a data model based on two main principles: first, all information can be represented as a graph and, second, all elements of the graph can be annotated with ontologies. This data model is conformant to the Semantic Web framework, in particular to RDF, and therefore Ondex is ideally positioned as a platform that can exploit the semantic web.
84da9b0d-564f-4052-9b3f-11e5a5649365
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0.0050400943, 0.019252235, 0.059738502, 0.010773475, -0.014728149, -0.020725146, -0.051453, 0.013604474, -0.00821452, -0.03001426, -0.0057424833, -0.012978867, 0.017693773, 0.0090394635, -0.004730208, 0.0360607, -0.046196137, 0.058318146, -0.028493261, 0.00694205, -0.026647095, -0.019228097, 0.052584298, -0.032661438, 0.027731782, 0.039544567, -0.06414795, -0.048113756, -0.026396412, 0.022021776, 0.03368371, 0.0019872617, 0.004630728, -0.015535205, 0.01486967, -0.047226287, 0.038160965, 0.021784285, -0.048559844, -0.032582235, -0.014314175, 0.007863038, -0.01575527, 0.01785884, -0.055711262, 0.01391301, 0.023802847, 0.023365622, 0.0038823823, -0.010562872, -0.02449193, 0.031636253, 0.017960578, 0.045416724, 0.0027290613, -0.057451844, -0.005201049, 0.04011149, 0.08679379, 0.046451055, 0.010303422, 0.017084176, 0.00577955, 0.007996573, -0.0070372657, -0.008063255, -0.0014593513, 0.094358884, 0.006031122, 0.0059276083, 0.0717735, 0.017662628, 0.09262878, -0.040240936, -0.036320355, 0.013313504, -0.06076684, -0.026857937, -0.01847152, 0.00089179556, 0.004308109, 0.0021359078, 0.031334564, 0.0028943482, -0.059381492, 0.02677081, 0.03362596, -0.0026185205, 0.0022848758, 0.04000401, 0.033823647, 0.013817606, -0.008204763, 0.00065937894, 0.02360435, 0.057850774 ]
2009.13976
Let $G/K$ be an irreducible symmetric space where $G$ is a non-compact, connected Lie group and $K$ is a compact, connected subgroup. We use decay properties of the spherical functions to show that the convolution product of any $r=r(G/K)$ continuous orbital measures has its density function in $% L^{2}(G)$ and hence is an absolutely continuous measure with respect to Haar measure. The number $r$ is approximately the rank of $G/K$. For the special case of the orbital measures, $\nu_{a_{i}}$, supported on the double cosets $Ka_{i}K$ where $a_{i}$ belongs to the dense set of regular elements, we prove the sharp result that $\nu_{a_{1}}\ast \nu_{a_{2}}\in L^{2},$ except for the symmetric space of Cartan type $AI$ when the convolution of three orbital measures is needed (even though $\nu_{a_{1}}\ast \nu_{a_{2}}$ is absolutely continuous).
84da9c65-12fe-49ab-bde3-72d8183145ed
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2206.09304
Identifying pathogens in complex samples such as blood, urine, and wastewater is critical to detect infection and inform optimal treatment. Surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) and machine learning (ML) can distinguish among multiple pathogen species, but processing complex fluid samples to sensitively and specifically detect pathogens remains an outstanding challenge. Here, we develop an acoustic bioprinter to digitize samples into millions of droplets, each containing just a few cells, which are identified with SERS and ML. We demonstrate rapid printing of 2 pL droplets from solutions containing S. epidermidis, E. coli, and blood; when mixed with gold nanorods (GNRs), SERS enhancements of up to 1500x are achieved.We then train a ML model and achieve >=99% classification accuracy from cellularly-pure samples, and >=87% accuracy from cellularly-mixed samples. We also obtain >=90% accuracy from droplets with pathogen:blood cell ratios <1. Our combined bioprinting and SERS platform could accelerate rapid, sensitive pathogen detection in clinical, environmental, and industrial settings.
84daa57b-07e2-4f68-b1a6-1b1aa47a08bc
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cond-mat/0608061
In both spinel compounds GeCo$_2$O$_4$ and GeNi$_2$O$_4$ which order antiferromagnetically (at $T_N = 23.5 K$ and $T_{N_1} = 12.13 K$, $T_{N_2} = 11.46 K$) with different Curie Weiss temperatures ($T_{CW}$=80.5 K and -15 K), the usual magnetic frustration criterion $f=|T_{CW}|/T_N>>1$ is not fulfilled. Using neutron powder diffraction and magnetization measurements up to 55 T, both compounds are found with a close magnetic ground state at low temperature and a similar magnetic behavior (but with a different energy scale), even though spin anisotropy and first neighbor exchange interactions are quite different. This magnetic behavior can be understood when considering the main four magnetic exchange interactions. Frustration mechanisms are then enlightened.
84daa725-46ba-437c-a196-b2c640f5d6cf
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1501.03739
The internal friction in the crystals grown in two modes, namely, slow and anomalously fast (burst-like growth) modes, is measured in the temperature range 0.49-0.75K at a frequency of about 75kHz. An additional contribution to the damping decrement and softening of the dynamic modulus are detected, and their relaxation to equilibrium values at a time constant of about 3ms is observed. Possible origins of this effect are discussed.
84dab773-f821-4906-8537-142d389415c9
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1908.01591
Optical coupling enables intermediate- and long-range interactions between distant quantum emitters. Such interaction may be the basic element in bottom-up approaches of coupled spin systems or for integrated quantum photonics and quantum plasmonics. Here, we prepare nanodiamonds carrying single, negatively-charged silicon-vacancy centers for evanescent optical coupling with access to all degrees of freedom by means of atomic force nanomanipulation. The color centers feature excellent optical properties, comparable to silicon-vacancy centers in bulk diamond, resulting in a resolvable fine structure splitting, a linewidth close to the Fourier-Transform limit under resonant excitation and a good polarization contrast. We determine the orbital relaxation time $T_{1}$ of the orbitally split ground states and show that all optical properties are conserved during translational nanomanipulation. Furthermore, we demonstrate the rotation of the nanodiamonds. In contrast to the translational operation, the rotation leads to a change in polarization contrast. We utilize the change in polarization contrast before and after nanomanipulation to determine the rotation angle. Finally, we evaluate the likelihood for indistinguishable, single photon emission of silicon-vacancy centers located in different nanodiamonds. Our work enables ideal evanescent, optical coupling of distant nanodiamonds containing silicon-vacancy centers with applications in the realization of quantum networks, quantum repeaters or complex quantum systems.
84dad239-47a4-4f50-ad0b-2ad6ac6ad382
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-0.035486884, -0.059133995, 0.03462477, -0.06268567, -0.06390634, -0.044434126, -0.033993233, -0.009666133, 0.0075971386, -0.0014052831, -0.022496747, -0.02946531, -0.013703938, 0.07088271, -0.0065459483, -0.017992694, 0.025028866, -0.028668668, -0.020013103, -0.0074404315, 0.00046588306, -0.0030254172, 0.04851504 ]
1104.3897
We present a search for outlying HII regions in the extended gaseous outskirts of nearby (D < 40 Mpc) galaxies, and subsequent multi-slit spectroscopy used to obtain the HII region nebular oxygen abundances. The galaxies in our sample have extended HI disks and/or interaction-related HI features that extend well beyond their primary stellar components. We report oxygen abundance gradients out to 2.5 times the optical radius for these galaxies which span a range of morphologies and masses. We analyze the underlying stellar and neutral HI gas distributions in the vicinity of the HII regions to understand the physical processes that give rise to the observed metal distributions in galaxies. These measurements, for the first time, convincingly show flat abundance distributions out to large radii in a wide variety of systems, and have broad implications for galaxy chemodynamical evolution.
84dad675-b1ff-4e1e-80b5-71a67bfde52c
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nucl-ex/0403024
We present new results on the production of charged hadrons and neutral pions in Au+Au and d+Au collisions at sqrt{s_{NN} = 200 GeV, measured within the PHENIX experiment. We observe the opposite centrality dependence when comparing the two collision systems: an increase with centrality compared to the binary scaled yield from p+p collisions in d+Au and a decrease with centrality in Au+Au.
84dae29f-5aea-45c5-915c-e65082c7314d
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0710.0695
We report non-resonant x-ray Raman scattering (XRS) measurements from hexagonal boron nitride for transferred momentum from 2 to 9 $\mathrm{\AA}^{-1}$ along directions both in and out of the basal plane. A symmetry-based argument, together with real-space full multiple scattering calculations of the projected density of states in the spherical harmonics basis, reveals that a strong pre-edge feature is a dominantly $Y_{10}$-type Frenkel exciton with no other \textit{s}-, \textit{p}-, or \textit{d}- components. This conclusion is supported by a second, independent calculation of the \textbf{q}-dependent XRS cross-section based on the Bethe-Salpeter equation.
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2101.03598
Using the econometric models, this paper addresses the ability of Albanian Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) to identify the risks they face. To write this paper, we studied SMEs operating in the Gjirokastra region. First, qualitative data gathered through a questionnaire was used. Next, the 5-level Likert scale was used to measure it. Finally, the data was processed through statistical software SPSS version 21, using the binary logistic regression model, which reveals the probability of occurrence of an event when all independent variables are included. Logistic regression is an integral part of a category of statistical models, which are called General Linear Models. Logistic regression is used to analyze problems in which one or more independent variables interfere, which influences the dichotomous dependent variable. In such cases, the latter is seen as the random variable and is dependent on them. To evaluate whether Albanian SMEs can identify risks, we analyzed the factors that SMEs perceive as directly affecting the risks they face. At the end of the paper, we conclude that Albanian SMEs can identify risk
84dafc79-3818-428f-82ec-2171dd1b9421
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1806.06629
People counting is one of the hottest issues in sensing applications. The impulse radio ultra-wideband (IR-UWB) radar has been extensively applied to count people, providing a device-free solution without illumination and privacy concerns. However, performance of current solutions is limited in congested environments due to the superposition and obstruction of signals. In this letter, a hybrid feature extraction method based on curvelet transform and distance bin is proposed. 2-D radar matrix features are extracted in multiple scales and multiple angles by applying the curvelet transform. Furthermore, the distance bin is introduced by dividing each row of the matrix into several bins along the propagating distance to select features. The radar signal dataset in three dense scenarios is constructed, including people randomly walking in the constrained area with densities of 3 and 4 persons per square meter, and queueing with an average distance of 10 centimeters. The number of people is up to 20 in the dataset. Four classifiers including decision tree, AdaBoost, random forest and neural network are compared to validate the hybrid features, and random forest performs the highest accuracies of all above 97% in three dense scenarios. Moreover, to ensure the reliability of the hybrid features, three other features including cluster features, activity features and CNN features are compared. The experimental results reveal that the proposed hybrid feature extraction method exhibits stable performance with significantly superior effectiveness.
84db0ac2-ce31-4ef0-874e-889098dfe153
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0.006515225, 0.025413485, -0.000019472822, -0.024585154, -0.015859129, -0.014508997, 0.0025977248, -0.034740515, 0.009855013, 0.013022745, 0.0119053535, -0.019255465, -0.0052351053, 0.040231794, 0.00061492145, 0.022386258, -0.03350952, -0.010876832, 0.04534218, -0.034814507, 0.035507042, -0.03257902, 0.03788075, 0.06958176, -0.058922075, -0.08963236, 0.034802217, -0.021619715, 0.022969063, -0.06870963, 0.025676928, -0.02068775, 0.07017892, 0.0014734365, 0.015225713, 0.00065648515, -0.035743225, -0.058377463, -0.012217415, -0.035183746, -0.025040267, 0.04058919, -0.039077964, 0.047653843, 0.050304633, 0.040932637, 0.0055023236, 0.0019702818, -0.008984098, 0.0419979, -0.03727578, 0.0050008213, 0.015304489, -0.055204276, -0.02479306, 0.02388857, 0.07625984, -0.02620635, 0.016792554, 0.030251168, -0.02396861, -0.035322692, 0.022730185, 0.060566362, -0.01082526, 0.055323824, -0.016693171, -0.009037004, 0.044322398, -0.01254175, 0.06778938, -0.018905612, -0.038610414, 0.04264105, -0.051298667, -0.050761674, -0.03100656, 0.011189129, -0.032374963, 0.028887613, 0.019255916, -0.012015409, -0.02414293, 0.010674545, 0.086408526, 0.0034611113, 0.011389442, 0.031758234, 0.0022385651, 0.01626791, -0.02857332, -0.043773558, -0.029515265, 0.0863551 ]
1807.09236
Comparison data arises in many important contexts, e.g. shopping, web clicks, or sports competitions. Typically we are given a dataset of comparisons and wish to train a model to make predictions about the outcome of unseen comparisons. In many cases available datasets have relatively few comparisons (e.g. there are only so many NFL games per year) or efficiency is important (e.g. we want to quickly estimate the relative appeal of a product). In such settings it is well known that shrinkage estimators outperform maximum likelihood estimators. A complicating matter is that standard comparison models such as the conditional multinomial logit model are only models of conditional outcomes (who wins) and not of comparisons themselves (who competes). As such, different models of the comparison process lead to different shrinkage estimators. In this work we derive a collection of methods for estimating the pairwise uncertainty of pairwise predictions based on different assumptions about the comparison process. These uncertainty estimates allow us both to examine model uncertainty as well as perform Empirical Bayes shrinkage estimation of the model parameters. We demonstrate that our shrunk estimators outperform standard maximum likelihood methods on real comparison data from online comparison surveys as well as from several sports contexts.
84db240f-a042-4de3-8cfb-7057e438cd55
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0.03638585, 0.009882344, -0.063093446, -0.009840225, 0.017821215, 0.0052446965, 0.029759306, -0.029347671, -0.022741426, -0.018724103, 0.009052256, 0.01455006, -0.03546003, 0.008133765, 0.0031154566, -0.023142152, 0.022286816, 0.0038092106, -0.0102998605, -0.06480782, -0.0018294762, -0.020815417, 0.012793454, 0.00085526763, -0.044073753, 0.049569227, -0.009809445, 0.035463933, 0.02804868, -0.031032966, -0.042587772, -0.009252714, 0.015526526, 0.053536717, -0.03082019, 0.00039555493, -0.002231902, 0.006862969, -0.03654862, 0.05908381, 0.010119419, -0.04534574, -0.0066006244, -0.024468586, 0.02543829, -0.036814928, 0.05146531, -0.05720216, 0.0064645377, 0.04773215, 0.04931952, 0.01875129, -0.0030070473, -0.054151732, 0.004866882, -0.06024839, -0.027450187, -0.05799881, -0.016444143, -0.0450939, 0.0469425, 0.046428494, 0.031310298, 0.030813564, 0.009709654, 0.0023059666, 0.02922182, 0.024272697, 0.025879217, -0.015352368, 0.059859492, -0.019636262, 0.03166397, 0.039480105, 0.03746053, 0.05625311, -0.053283118, -0.00644713, 0.033305276, -0.07195202, -0.00046622893, -0.033176694, 0.024825787, 0.0059075453, 0.033929206, -0.015555813, 0.03443421, -0.043362938, -0.0028820583, 0.03747225, 0.0030587506, -0.0051088706, -0.023553068, 0.020927105, 0.00017973283, -0.03688462, -0.02798834, -0.02661236, 0.035806905 ]
1311.5634
In this paper, we show that the minimum number of vertices whose removal disconnects a connected strongly regular graph into non-singleton components, equals the size of the neighborhood of an edge for many graphs. These include blocks graphs of Steiner $2$-designs, many Latin square graphs and strongly regular graphs whose intersection parameters are at most a quarter of their valency.
84db2a53-be01-4aa8-aa99-2a3a35605233
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cond-mat/9612184
The electron spectrum in the normal phase of cuprates is analyzed in terms of the boson-fermion model. It is argued that the existence of the uncondensed pairs and the quasi-two-dimensional nature of the crystal structure are responsible for the pseudo-gap above T_C observed recently.
84db2f7f-4086-45fc-8e32-2bbae2655ee2
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0907.1314
We consider von Neumann algebras generated by the stationary laws of free stochastic differential equations of the form $dX_t = dS_t -1/2 DV(X_t)$ for a suitably convex multivariate noncommutative polynomial $V$. Using techniques of Guionnet and Shlyakhtenko, we prove that these von Neumann algebras have property AO of Ozawa and are thus solid.
84db33bc-1f18-48e9-9135-5469435964a3
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2305.00901
A novel nonparametric clustering algorithm is proposed using the interpoint distances between the members of the data to reveal the inherent clustering structure existing in the given set of data, where we apply the classical nonparametric univariate kernel density estimation method to the interpoint distances to estimate the density around a data member. Our clustering algorithm is simple in its formation and easy to apply resulting in well-defined clusters. The algorithm starts with objective selection of the initial cluster representative and always converges independently of this choice. The method finds the number of clusters itself and can be used irrespective of the nature of underlying data by using an appropriate interpoint distance measure. The cluster analysis can be carried out in any dimensional space with viability to high-dimensional use. The distributions of the data or their interpoint distances are not required to be known due to the design of our procedure, except the assumption that the interpoint distances possess a density function. Data study shows its effectiveness and superiority over the widely used clustering algorithms.
84db3ce1-155b-4615-bd71-1ea11f7aa7b8
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0710.3202
We present spectroscopic observations of the quiescent black hole binary A0620-00 with the the 6.5-m Magellan Clay telescope at Las Campanas Observatory. We measure absorption-line radial velocities of the secondary and make the most precise determination to date (K2 = 435.4 +/- 0.5 km/s). By fitting the rotational broadening of the secondary, we refine the mass ratio to q = 0.060 +/- 0.004; these results, combined with the orbital period, imply a minimum mass for the compact object of 3.10 +/- 0.04 Msun. Although quiescence implies little accretion activity, we find that the disc contributes 56 +/- 7 per cent of the light in B and V, and is subject to significant flickering. Doppler maps of the Balmer lines reveal bright emission from the gas stream-disc impact point and unusual crescent-shaped features. We also find that the disc centre of symmetry does not coincide with the predicted black hole velocity. By comparison with SPH simulations, we identify this source with an eccentric disc. With high S/N, we pursue modulation tomography of H-alpha and find that the aforementioned bright regions are strongly modulated at the orbital period. We interpret this modulation in the context of disc precession, and discuss cases for the accretion disc evolution.
84db416c-b6df-4aba-bafe-8e4730bd8888
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0710.3868
Two dimensional hydrodynamical disks are nonlinearly unstable to the formation of vortices. Once formed, these vortices essentially survive forever. What happens in three dimensions? We show with pseudospectral simulations that in 3D a vortex in a short box forms and survives just as in 2D. But a vortex in a tall box is unstable and is destroyed. In our simulation, the unstable vortex decays into a transient turbulent-like state that transports angular momentum outward at a nearly constant rate for hundreds of orbital times. The 3D instability that destroys vortices is a generalization of the 2D instability that forms them. We derive the conditions for these nonlinear instabilities to act by calculating the coupling between linear modes, and thereby derive the criterion for a vortex to survive in 3D as it does in 2D: the azimuthal extent of the vortex must be larger than the scale height of the accretion disk. When this criterion is violated, the vortex is unstable and decays. Because vortices are longer in azimuthal than in radial extent by a factor that is inversely proportional to their excess vorticity, a vortex with given radial extent will only survive in a 3D disk if it is sufficiently weak. This counterintuitive result explains why previous 3D simulations always yielded decaying vortices: their vortices were too strong. We conclude that in protoplanetary disks weak vortices can trap dust and serve as the nurseries of planet formation. Decaying strong vortices might be responsible for the outwards transport of angular momentum that is required to make accretion disks accrete.
84db434f-e44e-4e3b-850e-c1135489c3b0
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0.073100135, 0.046574995, 0.04987356, -0.0611837, -0.03868302, 0.009808659, -0.040364634, -0.045311157, -0.055691093, -0.021883836, -0.012816968, 0.017866412, 0.011485108, 0.02372333, -0.051127035, 0.023364713, 0.017467128, 0.0048305136, 0.013009598, 0.0038226687, -0.00902084, 0.008258224, 0.007877724, -0.043907937, 0.033106264, 0.03498367 ]
hep-lat/9608042
We consider two issues in the DT model of quantum gravity. First, it is shown that the triangulation space for D>3 is dominated by triangulations containing a single singular (D-3)-simplex composed of vertices with divergent dual volumes. Second we study the ergodicity of current simulation algorithms. Results from runs conducted close to the phase transition of the four-dimensional theory are shown. We see no strong indications of ergodicity br eaking in the simulation and our data support recent claims that the transition is most probably first order. Furthermore, we show that the critical properties of the system are determined by the dynamics of remnant singular vertices.
84db45aa-bb86-4b7a-a2e5-14a3ffe85e9e
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1705.10805
Noise induced hearing loss (NIHL) as one of major avoidable occupational related health issues has been studied for decades. To assess NIHL, the excitation pattern (EP) has been considered as one of mechanisms to estimate movements of basilar membrane (BM) in cochlea. In this study, two auditory filters, dual resonance nonlinear (DRNL) filter and rounded-exponential (ROEX) filter, have been applied to create two EPs, referring as the velocity EP and the loudness EP, respectively. Two noise hazard metrics are also proposed based on the developed EPs to evaluate hazardous levels caused by different types of noise. Moreover, Gaussian noise and pure-tone noise have been simulated to evaluate performances of the developed EPs and noise metrics. The results show that both developed EPs can reflect the responses of BM to different types of noise. For Gaussian noise, there is a frequency shift between the velocity EP and the loudness EP. For pure-tone noise, both EPs can reflect the frequencies of input noise accurately. The results suggest that both EPs can be potentially used for assessment of NIHL.
84db4c0a-9273-48a4-93a4-3125d3258394
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nucl-th/0502073
A new approach to identify the independent amplitudes along with their partial wave multipole expansions, for photo and electro-production is suggested,which is generally applicable to mesons with arbitrary spin-parity. These amplitudes facilitate direct identification of different resonance contributions.
84db5082-4405-44fa-a8a2-074ace550a62
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1708.01422
The function space of deep-learning machines is investigated by studying growth in the entropy of functions of a given error with respect to a reference function, realized by a deep-learning machine. Using physics-inspired methods we study both sparsely and densely-connected architectures to discover a layer-wise convergence of candidate functions, marked by a corresponding reduction in entropy when approaching the reference function, gain insight into the importance of having a large number of layers, and observe phase transitions as the error increases.
84db6598-0226-4b7f-880f-b2e6a87a909b
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0.047385562, -0.027210318, -0.029171871, 0.006766932, -0.050969344, -0.07063783, -0.034825213, -0.011937951, -0.01974182, -0.025238223, 0.0071644117, -0.023751942, -0.030266557, 0.032899745, 0.047460727, 0.02522681, -0.006207831, 0.0097603565, -0.0022792814, -0.008740103, 0.0044532204, -0.032273494, 0.034700405, 0.026189603 ]
cond-mat/0506362
We reconsider the long-standing problem of the effect of spin fluctuations on the critical temperature and isotope effect in a phonon-mediated superconductor. Although the general physics of the interplay between phonons and paramagnons had been rather well understood, the existing approximate formulas fail to describe the correct behavior of $% T_{c}$ for general phonon and paramagnon spectra. Using a controllable approximation, we derive an analytical formula for $T_{c}$ which agrees well with exact numerical solutions of the Eliashberg equations for a broad range of parameters. Based on both numerical and analytical results, we predict a strong enhancement of the isotope effect when the frequencies of spin fluctuation and phonons are of the same order. This effect may have important consequences for near-magnetic superconductors such as MgCNi$_{3}$
84db6673-a081-49ea-af72-71b73663779c
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1409.2488
We present new observations of the lensing cluster SMACSJ2031.8-4036 obtained with the MUSE integral field spectrograph as part of its commissioning on the Very Large Telescope. By providing medium-resolution spectroscopy over the full 4750-9350 Angstroms domain and a 1x1 arcmin2 field of view, MUSE is ideally suited for identifying lensed galaxies in the cluster core, in particular multiple-imaged systems. We perform a redshift analysis of all sources in the datacube and identify a total of 12 systems ranging from $z=1.46$ to $z=6.4$, with all images of each system confirmed by a spectroscopic redshift. This allows us to accurately constrain the cluster mass profile in this region. We foresee that future MUSE observations of cluster cores should help us discover very faint Lyman-alpha emitters thanks to the strong magnification and the high sensitivity of this instrument.
84db6d00-81b5-44c2-b29d-9bd3139aef84
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2012.03702
We study a solar spicule observed off-limb using high-resolution imaging spectroscopy in the Ca II 8542 \AA\ line obtained with the CRisp Imaging SpectroPolarimeter (CRISP) on the Swedish 1-m Solar Telescope. Using a new version of the non-LTE code NICOLE specifically developed for this problem we invert the spicule single- and double-peak line profiles. This new version considers off-limb geometry and computes atomic populations by solving the 1D radiative transfer assuming a vertical stratification. The inversion proceeds by fitting the observed spectral profiles at 14 different heights with synthetic profiles computed in the model by solving the radiative transfer problem along its length. Motivated by the appearance of double-peak Ca II 8542 \AA\ spicule profiles, which exhibit two distinct emission features well separated in wavelength, we adopt a double-component scenario. We start from the ansatz that the spicule parameters are practically constant along the spicule axis for each component, except for a density drop. Our results support this ansatz by attaining very good fits to the entire set of 14$\times$4 profiles (14 heights and 4 times). We show that the double-component model with uniform temperature of 9560 K, exponential decrease of density with a height scale of $1000-2000$ km, and the counter-oriented line-of-sight velocities of components reproduce the double-peak line profiles at all spicule segments well. Analyses of the numerical response function reveals the necessity of the inversions of spectra at multiple height positions to obtain height-dependent, degeneracy-free reliable model with a limited number of free parameters.
84db9461-1e69-4638-b35f-b58b892c68ff
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1711.01014
We investigate the dynamics of nanoparticles in semidilute polymer solutions when the nanoparticles are comparably sized to the polymer coils using explicit- and implicit-solvent simulation methods. The nanoparticle dynamics are subdiffusive on short time scales before transitioning to diffusive motion on long time scales. The long-time diffusivities scale according to theoretical predictions based on full dynamic coupling to the polymer segmental relaxations. In agreement with our recent experiments, however, we observe that the nanoparticle subdiffusive exponents are significantly larger than predicted by the coupling theory over a broad range of polymer concentrations. We attribute this discrepancy in the subdiffusive regime to the presence of an additional coupling mechanism between the nanoparticle dynamics and the polymer center-of-mass motion, which differs from the polymer relaxations that control the long-time diffusion. This coupling is retained even in the absence of many-body hydrodynamic interactions when the long-time dynamics of the colloids and polymers are matched.
84db9677-813e-41b1-b811-e331e3fa7392
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1107.2379
We consider the model introduced by Bilu and Linial (2010), who study problems for which the optimal clustering does not change when distances are perturbed. They show that even when a problem is NP-hard, it is sometimes possible to obtain efficient algorithms for instances resilient to certain multiplicative perturbations, e.g. on the order of $O(\sqrt{n})$ for max-cut clustering. Awasthi et al. (2010) consider center-based objectives, and Balcan and Liang (2011) analyze the $k$-median and min-sum objectives, giving efficient algorithms for instances resilient to certain constant multiplicative perturbations. Here, we are motivated by the question of to what extent these assumptions can be relaxed while allowing for efficient algorithms. We show there is little room to improve these results by giving NP-hardness lower bounds for both the $k$-median and min-sum objectives. On the other hand, we show that constant multiplicative resilience parameters can be so strong as to make the clustering problem trivial, leaving only a narrow range of resilience parameters for which clustering is interesting. We also consider a model of additive perturbations and give a correspondence between additive and multiplicative notions of stability. Our results provide a close examination of the consequences of assuming stability in data.
84dba3cc-d130-45ae-863e-24ff9aecdd6a
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2004.03412
The problem of comparing the entire second order structure of two functional processes is considered and a $L^2$-type statistic for testing equality of the corresponding spectral density operators is investigated. The test statistic evaluates, over all frequencies, the Hilbert-Schmidt distance between the two estimated spectral density operators. Under certain assumptions, the limiting distribution under the null hypothesis is derived. A novel frequency domain bootstrap method is introduced, which leads to a more accurate approximation of the distribution of the test statistic under the null than the large sample Gaussian approximation derived. Under quite general conditions, asymptotic validity of the bootstrap procedure is established for estimating the distribution of the test statistic under the null. Furthermore, consistency of the bootstrap-based test under the alternative is proved. Numerical simulations show that, even for small samples, the bootstrap-based test has a very good size and power behavior. An application to a bivariate real-life functional time series illustrates the methodology proposed.
84dbae71-44a0-46e9-9b60-5476ee8c443c
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0.029521553, 0.054903522, -0.007294966, -0.00803665, 0.05318699, -0.05120567, -0.033888146, -0.017612187, -0.0075188912, -0.010246829, 0.0072177285, 0.03258945, 0.034920875, -0.037050728, 0.036324646, 0.043798137, -0.0009343597, 0.007881624, 0.027429393, 0.031178212, 0.008346663, 0.020992348, -0.00052147004, 0.024765702, 0.033408247 ]
math/0206275
Let $\mathcal{D}=G/K$ be a complex bounded symmetric domain of tube type in a complex Jordan algebra $V$ and let $\mathcal{D}_{\mathbb{R}}=H/L\subset \mathcal{D}$ be its real form in a formally real Euclidean Jordan algebra $J\subset V$. We consider representations of $H$ that are gotten by the generalized Segal-Bargmann transform from a unitary $G$-space of holomorphic functions on $\mathcal{D}$ to an $L^2$-space on $\mathcal{D_{\mathbf{R}}}$. We prove that in the unbounded realization the inverse of the unitary part of the restriction map is actually the Laplace transform. We find the extension to $\mathcal{D}$ of the spherical functions on $\mathcal{D}_{\mathbb{R}}$ and find the expansion in terms of the $L$-spherical polynomials on $\mathcal{D}$, which are Jack symmetric polynomials. We prove that the coefficients are orthogonal polynomials in an $L^2$-space, the measure being the Harish-Chandra Plancherel measure multiplied by the symbol of the Berezin transform. We prove the difference equation and recurrence relation for those polynomials by considering the action of the Lie algebra and the Cayley transform on the polynomials on $\mathcal D$.
84dbaf54-da37-4b86-98be-d3ccf842dc8d
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0.04980961, 0.030271694, 0.047189727, -0.03334963, -0.015450774, 0.05315282, -0.06998803, -0.0578761, -0.04175561, 0.008235877, -0.0044221915, 0.012945759, 0.0073094517, 0.013047565, -0.031016173, 0.034203093, 0.06552155, 0.013595523, 0.015973318, 0.036570124, -0.009952157, 0.025310194, -0.029993113, -0.015403911, -0.00018813994, 0.05584927 ]
1610.06777
The quasistatic normal-compliance contact problem of isotropic homogeneous linear visco-elastic bodies with Coulomb friction at small strains in Kelvin-Voigt rheology is considered. The discretization is made by a semi-implicit formula in time and the Symmetric Galerkin Boundary Element Method (SGBEM) in space, assuming that the ratio of the viscosity and elasticity moduli is a given relaxation-time coefficient. The obtained recursive minimization problem, formulated only on the contact boundary, has a nonsmooth cost function. If the normal compliance responds linearly and the 2D problems are considered, then the cost function is piecewise-quadratic, which after a certain transformation gets the quadratic programming (QP) structure. However, it would lead to second-order cone programming in 3D problems. Finally, several computational tests are presented and analysed, with additional discussion on numerical stability and convergence of the involved approximated Poincar\'e-Steklov operators.
84dbb026-dc27-4e8e-b2f7-9461ec5c9159
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2006.11050
We provide a new construction of Brownian disks in terms of forests of continuous random trees equipped with nonnegative labels corresponding to distances from a distinguished point uniformly distributed on the boundary of the disk. This construction shows in particular that distances from the distinguished point evolve along the boundary as a five-dimensional Bessel bridge. As an important ingredient of our proofs, we show that the uniform measure on the boundary, as defined in the earlier work of Bettinelli and Miermont, is the limit of the suitably normalized volume measure on a small tubular neighborhood of the boundary. Our construction also yields a simple proof of the equivalence between the two definitions of the Brownian half-plane.
84dbc82b-96cb-4d25-a248-13e0553feb41
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1009.5377
We calculate the pair-annihilation cross section of real scalar singlet dark matter into two mono-energetic photons. We derive constraints on the theory parameter space from the Fermi limits on gamma-ray lines, and we compare with current limits from direct dark matter detection. We show that the new limits, albeit typically relevant only when the dark matter mass is close to half the Standard Model Higgs mass, rule out regions of the theory parameter space that are otherwise not constrained by other observations or experiments. In particular, the new excluded regions partly overlap with the parameter space where real scalar singlet dark matter might explain the anomalous signals observed by CDMS. We also calculate the lifetime of unstable vacuum configurations in the scalar potential, and show that the gamma-ray limits are quite relevant in regions where the electro-weak vacuum is meta-stable with a lifetime longer than the age of the universe.
84dbd34c-8e4a-4207-8639-0485310b4e9d
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0805.0415
In this paper we state some conjectures about q-Fibonacci polynomials which for q=1 reduce to well-known results about Fibonacci numbers and Fibonacci polynomials.
84dbdb45-5d55-44f3-9e47-213e1bf89a7b
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0705.4641
Equations of fully general relativistic radiation hydrodynamics in Kerr space-time are derived. While the interactions between matter and radiation are introduced in the comoving frame, the derivatives used when describing the global evolutions of both the matter and the radiation are given in the Boyer-Lindquist frame (BLF) which is a frame fixed to the coordinate describing the central black hole. Around a rotating black hole, both the matter and the radiation are influenced by the frame-dragging effects due to the black hole's rotation. As a fixed frame, we use the locally non-rotating reference frame (LNRF) which is one of the orthonormal frame. While the special relativistic effects such as beaming effects are introduced by the Lorentz transformation connecting the comoving frame and the LNRF, the general relativistic effects such as frame-dragging and gravitational redshift are introduced by the tetrads connecting the LNRF and the BLF.
84dbdb59-7c7d-4281-917d-a5f46a9bfe45
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1903.01842
We investigate the geometry of the Kodaira moduli space $M$ of sections of $\pi:Z\to {\mathbb P}^1$, the normal bundle of which is allowed to jump from ${\mathcal O}(1)^{n}$ to ${\mathcal O}(1)^{n-2m}\oplus {\mathcal O}(2)^{m}\oplus {\mathcal O}^{m}$. In particular, we identify the natural assumptions which guarantee that the Obata connection of the hypercomplex part of $M$ extends to a logarithmic connection on $M$.
84dbe3b6-839f-4121-a038-3f5274e4ade1
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2105.13868
Despite the achievements of large-scale multimodal pre-training approaches, cross-modal retrieval, e.g., image-text retrieval, remains a challenging task. To bridge the semantic gap between the two modalities, previous studies mainly focus on word-region alignment at the object level, lacking the matching between the linguistic relation among the words and the visual relation among the regions. The neglect of such relation consistency impairs the contextualized representation of image-text pairs and hinders the model performance and the interpretability. In this paper, we first propose a novel metric, Intra-modal Self-attention Distance (ISD), to quantify the relation consistency by measuring the semantic distance between linguistic and visual relations. In response, we present Inter-modal Alignment on Intra-modal Self-attentions (IAIS), a regularized training method to optimize the ISD and calibrate intra-modal self-attentions from the two modalities mutually via inter-modal alignment. The IAIS regularizer boosts the performance of prevailing models on Flickr30k and MS COCO datasets by a considerable margin, which demonstrates the superiority of our approach.
84dbf25b-d541-42ee-bcd0-fd307ebfbe1b
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astro-ph/0607592
We studied and compared the long-term average hard X-ray (>20keV) spectra of a sample of twelve bright low-mass X-ray binaries hosting a neutron star (NS). Our sample comprises the six well studied Galactic Z sources and six Atoll sources, four of which are bright ("GX") bulge sources while two are weaker ones in the 2-10keV range (H1750-440 and H1608-55). For all the sources of our sample, we analysed available public data and extracted average spectra from the IBIS/ISGRI detector on board INTEGRAL. We can describe all the spectral states in terms of the bulk motion Comptonisation scenario. We find evidence that bulk motion is always present, its strength is related to the accretion rate and it is suppressed only in the presence of high local luminosity. The two low-dim Atoll source spectra are dominated by photons up-scattered presumably due to dynamical and thermal Comptonisation in an optically thin, hot plasma. For the first time, we extend the detection of H1750-440 up to 150keV. The Z and bright "GX" Atoll source spectra are very similar and are dominated by Comptonised blackbody radiation of seed photons, presumably coming from the accretion disc and NS surface, in an optically thick cloud with plasma temperature in the range of 2.5-3keV. Six sources show a hard tail in their average spectrum: CygX-2 (Z), GX340+0 (Z), GX17+2 (Z), GX5-1 (Z), ScoX-1 (Z) and GX13+1 (Atoll). This is the first detection of a hard tail in the X-ray spectrum of the peculiar GX13+1. Using radio data from the literature we find, in all Z sources and bright "GX" Atolls, a systematic positive correlation between the X-ray hard tail (40-100keV) and the radio luminosity. This suggests that hard tails and energetic electrons causing the radio emission may have the same origin, most likely the Compton cloud located inside the NS magnetosphere.
84dbf8b0-2309-44ff-b9a4-235d9783f1c4
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1011.3802
A scalar field is a favorite candidate for the particle responsible for dark energy. However, few theoretical means exist that can simultaneously explain the observed acceleration of the Universe and evade tests of gravity. The chameleon mechanism, whereby the properties of a particle depend upon the local environment, is one possible avenue. We present the results of the Chameleon Afterglow Search (CHASE) experiment, a laboratory probe for chameleon dark energy. CHASE marks a significant improvement other searches for chameleons both in terms of its sensitivity to the photon/chameleon coupling as well as its sensitivity to the classes of chameleon dark energy models and standard power-law models. Since chameleon dark energy is virtually indistinguishable from a cosmological constant, CHASE tests dark energy models in a manner not accessible to astronomical surveys.
84dc04c6-511e-49e5-b7a2-2d0462e158ec
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math/0307068
A mixture of an historical article, and of a survey of recent developments, containing also a couple of new results.
84dc0599-99a9-4468-b094-458fcbabd755
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1706.00897
An adaptive filter is defined as a digital filter that has the capability of self adjusting its transfer function under the control of some optimizing algorithms. Most common optimizing algorithms are Least Mean Square (LMS) and Recursive Least Square (RLS). Although RLS algorithm perform superior to LMS algorithm, it has very high computational complexity so not useful in most of the practical scenario. So most feasible choice of the adaptive filtering algorithm is the LMS algorithm including its various variants. The LMS algorithm uses transversal FIR filter as underlying digital filter. This paper is based on implementation and optimization of LMS algorithm for the application of unknown system identification. Keywords- Adaptive Filtering, LMS Algorithm, Optimization, System Identification, MATLAB
84dc151a-5c8f-49b7-9da0-53a0856474fd
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2110.15935
In this work, we aim to provide a new and efficient recursive detection method for temporarily monitored signals. Motivated by the case of the propagation of an event over a field of sensors, we assumed that the change in the statistical properties in the monitored signals can only be temporary. Unfortunately, to our best knowledge, existing recursive and simple detection techniques such as the ones based on the cumulative sum (CUSUM) do not consider the temporary aspect of the change in a multivariate time series. In this paper, we propose a novel simple and efficient sequential detection algorithm, named Temporary-Event-CUSUM (TE-CUSUM). By combining with a new adaptive way to aggregate local CUSUM variables from each data stream, we empirically show that the TE-CUSUM has a very good detection rate in the case of an event passing through a field of sensors in a very noisy environment.
84dc1b61-ea72-4c77-8a39-01ee79590820
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2108.00617
Recently, some of us developed a novel model glass-forming liquid with k extra interactions with pseudo neighbours to each liquid particle over and above the regular interactions with its neighbours. Analysis of the structure and dynamics of these systems showed that with an increase in k the systems have more mean-field like properties. This work presents an extensive study of the thermodynamics of the above-mentioned model for several values of k and its correlation with the dynamics. We surprisingly find that the usual thermodynamic integration (TI) method of calculating the entropy provides unphysical results for this model. It predicts the vanishing of configurational entropy at state points at which both the collective and the single-particle dynamics of the system show complete relaxation. We then employ a new method known as the two-phase thermodynamics (2PT) method to calculate the entropy. We find that with an increase in k the difference in the entropy computed using the two methods (2PT and TI) increases. We also find that in the temperature range studied, the entropy calculated via the 2PT method satisfies the Adam-Gibbs (AG) relationship between the relaxation time and the configurational entropy, whereas the entropy calculated via the TI method shows a strong violation of the same. We then apply the 2PT method to calculate the entropy in another system where some fractions of particles are pinned randomly in their equilibrium positions. This system also shows a similar breakdown of the AG relationship as reported earlier. We show that the difference in entropy calculated via the 2PT and TI methods increases with an increase in pinning density. We also find that when the entropy is calculated using the 2PT method, the AG relationship between the dynamics and the entropy holds.
84dc241a-7ee4-4949-a075-4422b8e9667d
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1605.07108
Phase separation and coarsening is a phenomenon commonly seen in binary physical and chemical systems that occur in nature. Often times, thermal fluctuations, modeled as stochastic noise, are present in the system and the phase segregation process occurs on a surface. In this work, the segregation process is modeled via the Cahn-Hilliard-Cook model, which is a fourth-order parabolic stochastic system. Coarsening is analyzed on two sample surfaces: a unit sphere and a dumbbell using a variety and a statistical analysis of the growth rate is performed. The influence of noise level and mobility is also investigated. It is also shown that a log-normal distribution fits the results well.
84dc27d2-b1fb-48fd-b3f1-141c62e56fe1
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-0.04492573, 0.0141058685, -0.03732894, -0.026355132, -0.024164667, 0.0064231255, -0.02530779, 0.012210377, 0.0045438297, -0.0062636146, -0.051572792, 0.03075316, 0.03951922, -0.018190522, -0.0055259, 0.044130836, 0.00667431, -0.016047692, 0.011184075, -0.010894348, -0.030380066, 0.0033981153 ]
1302.2910
In this paper, we study general rotational surfaces in the 4- dimensional pseudo-Euclidean space E4-2 and obtain a characterization of flat general rotation surfaces with pointwise 1-type Gauss map in E4-2 and give an example of such surfaces.
84dc2b09-4d03-4848-9123-5c7755059044
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hep-ex/0405081
In this paper recent results in the field of B meson decays to states containing charm are presented. These analyses are based on the 1999-2003 dataset collected by the BaBar experiment at the PEP-II e+e- storage ring at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Special attention is devoted to B decays to final states containing D mesons. In addition a few new results from B decays to charmonium states are reported.
84dc3720-f1a4-419d-a35e-585b7a591b36
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0901.2841
The ESA gamma-ray telescope, INTEGRAL, is detecting relatively more intrinsically rare cataclysmic variables (CVs) than were found by surveys at lower energies. Specifically, a large fraction of the CVs that are INTEGRAL sources consists of asynchronous polars and intermediate polars (IPs). IP classifications have been proposed for the majority of CVs discovered by INTEGRAL, but, in many cases, there is very little known about these systems. In order to address this, I present time-resolved optical data of five CVs discovered through INTEGRAL observations. The white dwarf spin modulation is detected in high-speed photometry of three of the new CVs (IGR J15094-6649, IGR J16500-3307, and IGR J17195-4100), but two others (XSS J12270-4859 and IGR J16167-4957) show no evidence of magnetism, and should be considered unclassified systems. Spectroscopic orbital period (P_orb) measurements are also given for IGR J15094-6649, IGR J16167-4957, IGR J16500-3307, and IGR J17195-4100.
84dc3b0d-a535-4180-a5ae-c78f55cb2020
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1907.12868
Collagen fiber orientations in bones, visible with Second Harmonic Generation (SHG) microscopy, represent the inner structure and its alteration due to influences like cancer. While analyses of these orientations are valuable for medical research, it is not feasible to analyze the needed large amounts of local orientations manually. Since we have uncertain borders for these local orientations only rough regions can be segmented instead of a pixel-wise segmentation. We analyze the effect of these uncertain borders on human performance by a user study. Furthermore, we compare a variety of 2D and 3D methods such as classical approaches like Fourier analysis with state-of-the-art deep neural networks for the classification of local fiber orientations. We present a general way to use pretrained 2D weights in 3D neural networks, such as Inception-ResNet-3D a 3D extension of Inception-ResNet-v2. In a 10 fold cross-validation our two stage segmentation based on Inception-ResNet-3D and transferred 2D ImageNet weights achieves a human comparable accuracy.
84dc3d58-805f-42fb-938d-a35f3bbffc8e
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2011.03493
A principle of information conservation is shown in abstract terms to rule out probabilistic physical laws, necessitating the existence of state trajectories. It furthermore provides a geometric-thermodynamic mechanism for the appearance of probability distributions at the operational level, and thus may provide a dynamical explanation for Born's rule of quantum probabilities. This link between geometry and operational probabilities is argued to be a promising angle from which to study the potential for "hidden information" in quantum systems, and guide efforts in quantum foundations more generally.
84dc412f-6da7-4533-926b-17369185add8
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-0.0013992331, -0.022077914, -0.0027106528, 0.027075425, -0.082874715, -0.020409586, 0.0038036327, 0.056470092, -0.0104913, 0.027351476, 0.02206232, 0.019278634, 0.050797634, -0.011555301, 0.042816218, 0.012518186, -0.035901267, 0.012634571, -0.061049774, 0.012556003, -0.011049425, 0.024242502, 0.028454028, -0.015605815, -0.045276772, 0.0114086475, 0.04517654, 0.034266435, -0.045605607, -0.0021823843, -0.029118659, 0.01731026, -0.017959744, 0.0073720566, 0.02595784, -0.058158264, -0.020166783, -0.040657524, -0.007981747, 0.029565612, 0.006492838, 0.0003840567, 0.003839587, -0.04231514, -0.06627012, 0.042475756, -0.03812268, -0.04080048, 0.06373264, -0.029680118, -0.028904444, -0.006181956, -0.009635571, -0.039697435, -0.005873655, -0.0045583383, -0.02083998, -0.037976757, -0.032511268, 0.0656386, -0.027529886, -0.07365623, -0.10530132, 0.04627241, -0.03556321, 0.02153721, 0.035684638, -0.013409867, -0.055632193, 0.025288213, 0.008853032, 0.0019802575, -0.048581727, -0.03869175, -0.015633862, 0.03631437, -0.0055188397, 0.042902518, -0.022751456, -0.026622938, -0.007983257, -0.036259614, -0.00281856, -0.03150994, 0.014471478, -0.011448578, 0.013119565, -0.0021594795, -0.002825595, 0.008445238, -0.023361355, 0.00053310033, 0.0015602888, 0.022218132, 0.024433546, -0.010244354, 0.05411899, -0.0121924365, 0.013008223, 0.037225496, -0.00046975064, -0.030848412, 0.003405357, -0.011174809, 0.040084407, -0.0160309, 0.062237214, -0.011980039, 0.021388471, -0.048957635, 0.038569268, 0.0502514, -0.10114781, -0.036119368, -0.01984784, -0.0040882016, -0.045317292, 0.043636564, -0.060323223, 0.03826672, 0.01716712, 0.028695775, 0.0044512767, -0.034307573, -0.06519218, 0.012015657, -0.059053004, 0.02148725, -0.022195758, -0.0077526793, -0.010349966, 0.04257413, 0.05586231, 0.009620668, 0.044249285, -0.020850277, 0.011137677, 0.0046854066, 0.0023328029, -0.020897003, -0.027679887, 0.08803652, -0.01461128, 0.02233893, 0.04903235, 0.027564658, 0.04902692, 0.008327311, 0.000966819, 0.026586818, -0.057131495, -0.018672314, 0.0063632946, 0.03259273, -0.018075915, 0.042396355, 0.03590738, 0.036986887, -0.031078897, -0.028163241, 0.04801676, 0.0030738995, -0.017001702, 0.010605819, 0.0419049, -0.0010295456, -0.0042813076, 0.00418272, 0.009362301, 0.012272727 ]
1806.08665
If ${\cal F}$ is a set of subgraphs $F$ of a finite graph $E$ we define a graph-counting polynomial $$ p_{\cal F}(z)=\sum_{F\in{\cal F}}z^{|F|} $$ In the present note we consider oriented graphs and discuss some cases where ${\cal F}$ consists of unbranched subgraphs $E$. We find several situations where something can be said about the location of the zeros of $p_{\cal F}$.
84dc421f-031d-4a9c-9601-1075335fe20a
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0.032901816, 0.061252516, -0.016562555, -0.020398816, -0.015806872, 0.06939325, 0.03969024, -0.05041292, 0.01690888, 0.02315529, 0.036829486, 0.028297937, 0.0028677257, 0.023726942, -0.025460346, 0.015146478, 0.034843396, 0.071786664, 0.02112305, 0.033624295, 0.013387421, 0.0036106647, -0.00886751, -0.0079245465, 0.038914744, 0.020592095, -0.014537914, -0.0027244566, 0.011766647, 0.016627148, -0.0002983985, -0.043052882, -0.034026198, -0.06109549, -0.0034438518, -0.05794979, -0.019838857, 0.05394567, 0.019603861, -0.02172176, -0.03708274, 0.034834314, 0.034969516, -0.034499712, -0.0327436, 0.031277023, 0.022080962, -0.05612167, 0.07121841, -0.0061661126, -0.080608204, 0.0014294818, -0.029922394, -0.05098426, 0.012187079, -0.031138714, 0.0023030487, -0.06669351, -0.042025194, -0.060627516, -0.0034656667, 0.0034979316, 0.040934972, -0.044000003, -0.089198254, -0.07870583, 0.08703984, -0.05113659, -0.012984011, 0.024366863, 0.023780981, 0.00455671, -0.00084413186, 0.004860729, 0.004402475, -0.025388781, 0.0042265547, 0.024097126, -0.011471668, 0.0115971835, -0.008339618, -0.01643742, -0.0046590157, -0.047937296, 0.019433025, 0.024476398, -0.052522846, -0.03491814, -0.024897642, 0.014311444, 0.022015367, 0.013218844, 0.04976687, -0.012118147, 0.031297658, -0.004352178, -0.04303067, -0.000014101361, -0.022247156, 0.0014906566, -0.04849922, 0.039018534, 0.04102926, -0.06549342, -0.04554347, 0.00029523514, -0.0024447767, 0.038347963, -0.023719057, 0.01158214, -0.06702838, 0.06659343, -0.030737791, 0.063704744, -0.038688798, -0.018866083, -0.04768412, -0.012364047, 0.004566094, -0.0055202274, -0.02388937, -0.014469084, 0.02164961, 0.0075413263, 0.037767082, 0.017835544, 0.035808794, -0.058949087, 0.018852087, 0.010290975, -0.003181198, 0.023093004, -0.07255764, 0.0019532754, 0.020695793, 0.048064806, -0.025875047, -0.014407995, 0.009620714, -0.004625493, -0.036474787, 0.06824908, 0.0028029573, -0.019529607, 0.050289933, -0.0015141562, 0.000918414, 0.08054489, 0.005842905, 0.07525142, -0.05194198, -0.0121580735, 0.080944106, -0.017945252, -0.02347965, -0.02415318, -0.015279205, -0.0077615287, 0.020429268, 0.021270517, 0.00048878975, -0.03235974, 0.014726959, 0.0056018797, -0.005085842, -0.005493086, 0.031666547, 0.03992609, 0.00048317818, -0.02604398, -0.012339326, 0.013756758, 0.070966 ]
1706.02519
We compute universal distributions for the transition probabilities of a Markov model for transport in the mixed phase space of area-preserving maps and verify that the survival probability distribution for trajectories near an infinite island-around-island hierarchy exhibits, on average, a power law decay with exponent $\gamma = 1.57$. This exponent agrees with that found from simulations of the H\'enon and Chirikov-Taylor maps. This provides evidence that the Meiss-Ott Markov tree model describes the transport for mixed systems.
84dc42a7-a35f-46c7-8b75-c4306369bd01
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hep-ph/0310181
We study possible so far unaccounted isospin breaking effects in the relation between the pion form factor as determined in e^+e^- experiments and the corresponding quantity obtained after accounting for known isospin breaking effects by an isospin rotation from the tau--decay spectra. In fact the observed 10% discrepancy in the respective pion form factors may be explained by the isospin breaking which is due to the difference between masses and widths of the charged and neutral rho mesons. Since the hadronic contribution to the muon anomalous magnetic moment can be calculated directly in terms of the e^+e^- - data the corresponding evaluation seems to be more reliable. Our estimate is a_mu(had)=694.8(8.6) x 10^{-10}. The tau - data are usefull at the presently aimed level of accuracy only after appropriate input from theory.
84dc54e4-a836-4cf9-8d52-747fb3b2dc8b
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cond-mat/9311040
Tunneling through a localized barrier in a one-dimensional interacting electron gas has been studied recently using Luttinger liquid techniques. Stable phases with zero or unit transmission occur, as well as critical points with universal fractional transmission whose properties have only been calculated approximately, using a type of ``$\epsilon$-expansion''. It may be possible to calculate the universal properties of these critical points exactly using the recent boundary conformal field theory technique, although difficulties arise from the $\infty$ number of conformal towers in this $c=4$ theory and the absence of any apparent ``fusion'' principle. Here, we formulate the problem efficiently in this new language, and recover the critical properties of the stable phases.
84dc5595-1383-494a-be77-01198f948386
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1812.09638
Despite the great achievements made by neural networks on tasks such as image classification, they are brittle and vulnerable to adversarial example (AE) attacks, which are crafted by adding human-imperceptible perturbations to inputs in order that a neural-network-based classifier incorrectly labels them. In particular, L0 AEs are a category of widely discussed threats where adversaries are restricted in the number of pixels that they can corrupt. However, our observation is that, while L0 attacks modify as few pixels as possible, they tend to cause large-amplitude perturbations to the modified pixels. We consider this as an inherent limitation of L0 AEs, and thwart such attacks by both detecting and rectifying them. The main novelty of the proposed detector is that we convert the AE detection problem into a comparison problem by exploiting the inherent limitation of L0 attacks. More concretely, given an image I, it is pre-processed to obtain another image I' . A Siamese network, which is known to be effective in comparison, takes I and I' as the input pair to determine whether I is an AE. A trained Siamese network automatically and precisely captures the discrepancies between I and I' to detect L0 perturbations. In addition, we show that the pre-processing technique, inpainting, used for detection can also work as an effective defense, which has a high probability of removing the adversarial influence of L0 perturbations. Thus, our system, called AEPECKER, demonstrates not only high AE detection accuracies, but also a notable capability to correct the classification results.
84dc56ca-db47-44e9-9650-b19d0500318e
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1601.00971
We study the properties of HI gas in the outer regions (~2r_25) of a spiral galaxy, UGC 00439 (z = 0.01769), using HI 21-cm absorption towards different components of an extended background radio source, J0041$-$0043 (z = 1.679). The radio source exhibits a compact core coincident with the optical quasar and two lobes separated by ~7 kpc, all at an impact parameter ~25 kpc. The HI 21-cm absorption detected towards the southern lobe is found to extend over ~2 kpc^2. The absorbing gas shows sub-kpc-scale structures with the line-of-sight velocities dominated by turbulent motions. Much larger optical depth variations over 4-7 kpc-scale are revealed by the non-detection of HI 21-cm absorption towards the radio core and the northern lobe, and the detection of NaI and CaII absorption towards the quasar. This could reflect a patchy distribution of cold gas in the extended HI disc. We also detect HI 21-cm emission from UGC 00439 and two other galaxies within ~150 kpc to it, that probably form an interacting group. However, no HI 21-cm emission from the absorbing gas is detected. Assuming a linear extent of ~4 kpc, as required to cover both the core and the southern lobe, we constrain the spin temperature <~300 K for the absorbing gas. The kinematics of the gas and the lack of signatures of any ongoing in situ star formation are consistent with the absorbing gas being at the kinematical minor axis and corotating with the galaxy. Deeper HI 21-cm observations would help to map in greater detail both the large- and small-scale structures in the HI gas associated with UGC 00439.
84dc57c8-ee65-4805-b79a-8368c55c851a
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1207.2761
Accurate vehicular localization is important for various cooperative vehicle safety (CVS) applications such as collision avoidance, turning assistant, etc. In this paper, we propose a cooperative vehicular distance measurement technique based on the sharing of GPS pseudorange measurements and a weighted least squares method. The classic double difference pseudorange solution, which was originally designed for high-end survey level GPS systems, is adapted to low-end navigation level GPS receivers for its wide availability in ground vehicles. The Carrier to Noise Ratio (CNR) of raw pseudorange measurements are taken into account for noise mitigation. We present a Dedicated Short Range Communications (DSRC) based mechanism to implement the exchange of pseudorange information among neighboring vehicles. As demonstrated in field tests, our proposed technique increases the accuracy of the distance measurement significantly compared with the distance obtained from the GPS fixes.
84dc5d8f-2fa8-4806-b50c-63c4e67ad7fe
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0.012556765, -0.023279076, -0.0346511, -0.012649098, -0.024248589, 0.04238237, 0.002249862, 0.011663058, -0.046956018, -0.02910125, 0.023168856, 0.025434142, -0.05376843, 0.032453656, 0.013193765, -0.0587161, -0.049673893, 0.02484847, 0.049468637, -0.06343132, 0.017658396, -0.0049936217, 0.0053214696, 0.0059914193, 0.018449536, 0.02575066, -0.032294303, 0.023598831, 0.040990815, -0.04347582, -0.0587949, -0.01129552, 0.03887051, 0.042159706, -0.03145008, 0.0016625102, -0.039045118, 0.0134663535, -0.037086427, 0.0007228539, -0.019538874, -0.05914174, -0.03973298, -0.00722184, 0.009304344, -0.018958965, 0.025089085, -0.026227595, -0.019942135, 0.030062964, 0.0055033145, -0.03461136, 0.0018317449, 0.023075882, 0.03578433, -0.019421332, 0.02762107, 0.013306055, -0.05904624, -0.019941203, -0.013023394, 0.05006198, 0.008844186, 0.020807229, -0.014697637, 0.022167219, -0.020076735, 0.02761484, 0.050471455, 0.0058747027, 0.06010862, -0.016315307, -0.008080192, 0.070382126, -0.01697851, 0.021882389, -0.029992556, -0.049026657, 0.0791706, -0.057192426, -0.038229164, -0.03471374, 0.011984635, -0.010520114, 0.020396525, 0.09112163, 0.02817605, -0.07310462, 0.058087427, 0.060686667, 0.021295115, -0.0016823169, 0.032180857, -0.004645708, -0.03125254, 0.011028347, 0.0054377094, -0.030048523, 0.047559798 ]
2007.01126
Multi-task learning (MTL) optimizes several learning tasks simultaneously and leverages their shared information to improve generalization and the prediction of the model for each task. Auxiliary tasks can be added to the main task to ultimately boost the performance. In this paper, we provide a brief review on the recent deep multi-task learning (dMTL) approaches followed by methods on selecting useful auxiliary tasks that can be used in dMTL to improve the performance of the model for the main task.
84dc6745-4b86-4028-95f6-6cf363082c31
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1810.10909
In this paper, we present CAIO, a Cognitive and Affective Interaction-Oriented architecture for social human-robot interactions (HRI), allowing robots to reason on mental states (including emotions), and to act physically, emotionally and verbally. We also present a short scenario and implementation on a Nao robot.
84dc6f97-32f7-48af-a39a-93f237483a48
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1505.06538
Much of the data being created on the web contains interactions between users and items. Stochastic blockmodels, and other methods for community detection and clustering of bipartite graphs, can infer latent user communities and latent item clusters from this interaction data. These methods, however, typically ignore the items' contents and the information they provide about item clusters, despite the tendency of items in the same latent cluster to share commonalities in content. We introduce content-augmented stochastic blockmodels (CASB), which use item content together with user-item interaction data to enhance the user communities and item clusters learned. Comparisons to several state-of-the-art benchmark methods, on datasets arising from scientists interacting with scientific articles, show that content-augmented stochastic blockmodels provide highly accurate clusters with respect to metrics representative of the underlying community structure.
84dc70c3-ca66-455e-ae65-b97b9f2b2e8a
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1708.07187
Motivated by the study of directed polymer models with random weights on the square integer lattice, we define an integrability property shared by the log-gamma, strict-weak, beta, and inverse-beta models. This integrability property encapsulates a preservation in distribution of ratios of partition functions which in turn implies the so called Burke property. We show that under some regularity assumptions, up to trivial modifications, there exist no other models possessing this property.
84dc7667-43ee-4a2f-94cf-a5f964132e03
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1203.3542
We extend and explore the general non-relativistic effective theory of dark matter (DM) direct detection. We describe the basic non-relativistic building blocks of operators and discuss their symmetry properties, writing down all Galilean-invariant operators up to quadratic order in momentum transfer arising from exchange of particles of spin 1 or less. Any DM particle theory can be translated into the coefficients of an effective operator and any effective operator can be simply related to most general description of the nuclear response. We find several operators which lead to novel nuclear responses. These responses differ significantly from the standard minimal WIMP cases in their relative coupling strengths to various elements, changing how the results from different experiments should be compared against each other. Response functions are evaluated for common DM targets - F, Na, Ge, I, and Xe - using standard shell model techniques. We point out that each of the nuclear responses is familiar from past studies of semi-leptonic electroweak interactions, and thus potentially testable in weak interaction studies. We provide tables of the full set of required matrix elements at finite momentum transfer for a range of common elements, making a careful and fully model-independent analysis possible. Finally, we discuss embedding non-relativistic effective theory operators into UV models of dark matter.
84dc77b8-fb96-4e64-b14b-6c670092fdf2
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2302.10482
In this paper, we use the publicly available observational data of 17 stellar stars orbiting Sgr A* to test the quantum extension of Schwarzschild spacetime in loop quantum gravity (LQG). For our purpose, we transform the geodesical evolution of a massive particle in the quantum-extended Schwarzschild black hole to the perturbed Kepler problem and calculate the effects of LQG on the pericentre advance of the stellar stars. With these effects, one is able to compare them with the publicly available astrometric and spectroscopic data of stellar stars in the galactic center. We perform Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) simulations to probe the possible LQG effects on the orbit of S-stars. No significant evidence of the quantum-extended Schwarzschild black hole from LQG is found. Among the posterior analyses of 17 S-stars, the result of S2 gives the strongest bound on the LQG parameter $A_\lambda$, which places an upper bound at 95\% confidence level on $A_\lambda$ to be $A_\lambda < 0.302$.
84dc832c-be2a-4359-ab1f-142ff9bf1108
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1810.11312
Common signals in public channels of cellular systems are usually transmitted omnidirectionally from the base station (BS). In recent years, both discrete and consecutive omnidirectional space-time block codings (STBC) have been proposed for massive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) systems with a uniform linear array (ULA) configuration to ensure cell-wide coverage. In these systems, constant received signal power at discrete angles, or constant received signal sum power in a few consecutive time slots at any angle is achieved. In addition, equal-power transmission per antenna and full spatial diversity can be achieved as well. In this letter, by utilizing the property of orthogonal complementary codes (OCCs), a new consecutive omnidirectional quasi-orthogonal STBC (QOSTBC) design is proposed, in which constant received sum power at any angle can be realized with equal-power transmission per antenna through one STBC transmission, and a higher diversity order of 4 can be achieved. In addition, the proposed design can be further extended to the uniform planar array (UPA) configuration with the two-dimensional OCCs.
84dc8e36-9be2-4940-a424-a6f8fbb60ce1
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2107.04795
Co-training, extended from self-training, is one of the frameworks for semi-supervised learning. Without natural split of features, single-view co-training works at the cost of training extra classifiers, where the algorithm should be delicately designed to prevent individual classifiers from collapsing into each other. To remove these obstacles which deter the adoption of single-view co-training, we present a simple and efficient algorithm Multi-Head Co-Training. By integrating base learners into a multi-head structure, the model is in a minimal amount of extra parameters. Every classification head in the unified model interacts with its peers through a "Weak and Strong Augmentation" strategy, in which the diversity is naturally brought by the strong data augmentation. Therefore, the proposed method facilitates single-view co-training by 1). promoting diversity implicitly and 2). only requiring a small extra computational overhead. The effectiveness of Multi-Head Co-Training is demonstrated in an empirical study on standard semi-supervised learning benchmarks.
84dc90a4-0d24-4344-95ee-529401a5907c
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1203.5566
In this paper we are concerned with the global existence of smooth solutions to the turbulent flow equations for compressible flows in $\mathbb{R}^3$. The global well-posedness is proved under the condition that the initial data are close to the standard equilibrium state in $H^3$-framework. The proof relies on energy estimates about velocity, temperature, turbulent kinetic energy and rate of viscous dissipation. We use several new techniques to overcome the difficulties from the product of two functions and higher order norms. This is the first result concerning $k$-$\varepsilon$ model equations.
84dca0cc-af4b-4f59-9212-c49a396f8e6c
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1604.02485
The use of visual information for the navigation of unmanned ground vehicles in a cross-country environment recently received great attention. However, until now, the use of textural information has been somewhat less effective than color or laser range information. This manuscript reviews the recent achievements in cross-country scene segmentation and addresses their shortcomings. It then describes a problem related to classification of high dimensional texture features. Finally, it compares three machine learning algorithms aimed at resolving this problem. The experimental results for each machine learning algorithm with the discussion of comparisons are given at the end of the manuscript.
84dca22c-9628-47a9-a39e-ccfaaa017673
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0.057444643, 0.0049554054, -0.029946987, 0.023569541, -0.07086558, -0.055218935, -0.05103712, -0.015425707, 0.0026875501, -0.0075729215, 0.02971551, 0.033799805, -0.04037953, 0.05896552, 0.053722516, -0.0131727485, -0.0108461175, 0.039825536, -0.014397985, 0.006488074, -0.0031657533, -0.016141228, 0.0331664, 0.02355106 ]
hep-ph/9308271
We perform a systematic analysis of the soft supersymmetry-breaking terms arising from four-dimensional strings. The analysis does not assume any specific supersymmetry-breaking mechanism but provides a means of parametrizing our ignorance in a way consistent with some known properties of four-dimensional strings. We introduce a {\it goldstino angle} parameter $\theta $ which says where the source of supersymmetry-breaking resides, either predominantly in the dilaton sector ($sin \theta =1$ limit) or in the rest of the chiral fieds, notably the moduli ($sin\theta =0$ limit). All formulae for soft parameters take particularly simple forms when written in terms of this angle. The $sin\theta =1$ limit is (up to small corrections) universal. As $sin\theta $ decreases, the model dependence increases and the resulting soft terms may or may not be universal, depending on the model. General expressions for the soft terms as functions of $\theta$ for generic four-dimensional strings are provided. For each {\it given} string model, one trades the four soft parameters ($M,m,A,B$) of the minimal supersymmetric standard model by the two parameters $m_{3/2}$ (gravitino mass) and $sin\theta $. The role of complex phases and the associated constraints from limits on the electric dipole moment of the neutron are discussed. It is also emphasized the importance of treating the problem of the cosmological constant in a self-consistent manner.
84dcac00-cfe1-4062-a282-9eaf9e09ed2f
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nlin/0111030
The anomalous scaling of correlation functions in the turbulent statistics of active scalars (like temperature in turbulent convection) is understood in terms of an auxiliary passive scalar which is advected by the same turbulent velocity field. While the odd-order correlation functions of the active and passive fields differ, we propose that the even-order correlation functions are the same to leading order (up to a trivial multiplicative factor). The leading correlation functions are statistically preserved structures of the passive scalar decaying problem, and therefore universality of the scaling exponents of the even-order correlations of the active scalar is demonstrated.
84dcb1de-84bc-4ef9-b5aa-980c3e6a9a3b
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0902.1961
Autoionizing resonances that arise from the interaction of a bound single-excitation with the continuum can be accurately captured with the presently used approximations in time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT), but those arising from a bound double excitation cannot. In the former case, we explain how an adiabatic kernel, which has no frequency-dependence, can yet generate the strongly frequency-dependent resonant structures in the interacting response function, not present in the Kohn-Sham response function. In the case of the bound double-excitation, we explain that a strongly frequency-dependent kernel is needed, and derive one for the vicinity of a resonance of the latter type, as an {\it a posteriori} correction to the usual adiabatic approximations in TDDFT. Our approximation becomes exact for an isolated resonance in the limit of weak interaction, where one discrete state interacts with one continuum. We derive a "Fano TDDFT kernel" that reproduces the Fano lineshape within the TDDFT formalism, and also a dressed kernel, that operates on top of an adiabatic approximation. We illustrate our results on a simple model system.
84dcb546-d2a0-4e76-9714-b9b76ffa5dda
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1608.00405
Massive particles with self interactions of the order of 0.2 barn/GeV are intriguing Dark Matter candidates from an astrophysical point of view. Current and past experiments for direct detection of massive Dark Matter particles are focusing to relatively low cross sections with ordinary matter, however they cannot rule out very large cross sections, $\sigma/M > 0.01$ barn/GeV, due to atmosphere and material shielding. Cosmology places a strong indirect limit for the presence of large interactions among Dark Matter and baryons in the Universe, however such a limit cannot rule out the existence of a small sub-dominant component of Dark Matter with non negligible interactions with ordinary matter in our galactic halo. Here, the possibility of the existence of bound states with ordinary matter, for a similar Dark Matter candidate with not negligible interactions, is considered. The existence of bound states, with binding energy larger than $\sim$1 meV, would offer the possibility to test in laboratory capture cross sections of the order of a barn (or larger). The signature of the detection for a mass increasing of cryogenic samples, due to the possible particle accumulation, would allow the investigation of these Dark Matter candidates with mass up to the GUT scale. A proof of concept for a possible detection set-up and the evaluation of some noise sources are described.
84dcbd04-ecd9-4645-aa7b-74089636b4e1
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0810.2888
We review the experimental status of the angles of the Unitarity Triangle of the CKM matrix, as measured by the BABAR and Belle experiments.
84dcc31d-a2eb-43e1-b7ee-09b2883ce5ed
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2110.10885
We introduce a notion of harmonic chain for chain complexes over fields of positive characteristic. A list of conditions for when a Hodge decomposition theorem holds in this setting is given and we apply this theory to finite CW complexes. An explicit construction of the harmonic chain within a homology class is described when applicable. We show how the coefficients of usual discrete harmonic chains due to Eckmann can be reduced to localizations of the integers, allowing us to compare classical harmonicity with the notion introduced here. We focus on applications throughout, including CW decompositions of orientable surfaces and examples of spaces arising from sampled data sets.
84dcde32-161b-403c-ba23-7864f7a0e659
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2208.12745
This paper introduces advances in the geometry of the ratio of either two or three points in a line in the Desargues affine plane, and we see this as a ratio of elements of skew field which are constructed over a line in Desargues affine plane. The results given here have a clean, geometric presentation based Desargues affine plan axiomatics and definitions of addition and multiplication of points on a line in this plane, and for skew field properties. The results in this paper are: (1) study of properties for ratio of two and three points, in a line on Desargues affine plane. Also, we discuss the cases related to the "line-skew field" characteristic, when it is two and when it is different from two. (2) we have construct the maps for ratio points-set, for two and three points, and have prove that, this maps are bijections of the lines. (3) set of ratio points (for two and for three points) with addition and multiplication of points, forms a skew fields, for more, this skew fields are sub-skew fields of the 'line-skew field' on Desargues affine plane. (4) Every Dyck polygon containing co-linear ratio vertices in the Desargues affine plane has a free group presentation.
84dce5fd-0950-4e69-9b7f-1a038cc084ed
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-0.020018114, -0.028014736, 0.047757834, 0.010934313, 0.0047381874, -0.012917898, -0.03815541, -0.024845483, 0.016553363, 0.0013797138, -0.035291847, -0.0012492264, -0.009206788, 0.007593846, -0.0073867724, 0.02486415, 0.043552127, -0.057694256, 0.026980456, -0.010877338, 0.0016366306, 0.02014452, -0.029384494, 0.052563056, -0.027595885, 0.026541267, 0.05754494, -0.042406794, -0.08449092, 0.028217612, 0.03284457, 0.025566172, -0.07694335, 0.040229004, -0.029958948, 0.032024782, -0.052984044, 0.048979215, -0.011847525, -0.06310074, -0.03157838, -0.061756957, -0.021436453, -0.042758893, -0.022635277, -0.064625315, -0.022934156, 0.047783624, 0.018456709, 0.008801065, -0.01446981, -0.020552726, 0.04105748, 0.0069033243, -0.0045388923, -0.02351693, -0.058812194, -0.015717233, 0.038672917, 0.045279514, -0.0033038303, 0.011021202, 0.015412442, -0.0044650217, 0.0029113025, 0.026139323, -0.016585317, -0.029925967, 0.08872918, -0.016833782, 0.0014333983, 0.0651635, 0.020132355, 0.07272458, -0.030367319, -0.019060198, 0.0043230094, -0.049079012, -0.03214675, -0.029879104, 0.036131904, -0.023455122, 0.006025416, 0.018626811, 0.022959543, -0.055355538, 0.049345315, 0.0608808, 0.0032992777, 0.026027704, 0.027331121, 0.050717898, 0.02802909, 0.002529005, 0.0056114085, -0.035198577, 0.07664987 ]
2208.05463
We prove that the moduli space of rational curves with cyclic action, constructed in our previous work, is realizable as a wonderful compactification of the complement of a hyperplane arrangement in a product of projective spaces. By proving a general result on such wonderful compactifications, we conclude that this moduli space is Chow-equivalent to an explicit toric variety (whose fan can be understood as a tropical version of the moduli space), from which a computation of its Chow ring follows.
84dcfa54-8313-4f28-b5ce-64fc263e13c0
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1502.06597
We perform two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations to quantitatively explore the torque balance criterion for gap-opening (as formulated by Crida et al. 2006) in a variety of disks when considering a migrating planet. We find that even when the criterion is satisfied, there are instances when planets still do not open gaps. We stress that gap-opening is not only dependent on whether a planet has the ability to open a gap, but whether it can do so quickly enough. This can be expressed as an additional condition on the gap-opening timescale versus the crossing time, i.e. the time it takes the planet to cross the region which it is carving out. While this point has been briefly made in the previous literature, our results quantify it for a range of protoplanetary disk properties and planetary masses, demonstrating how crucial it is for gap-opening. This additional condition has important implications for the survival of planets formed by core accretion in low mass disks as well as giant planets or brown dwarfs formed by gravitational instability in massive disks. It is particularly important for planets with intermediate masses susceptible to Type III-like migration. For some observed transition disks or disks with gaps, we expect that estimates on the potential planet masses based on the torque balance gap-opening criterion alone may not be sufficient. With consideration of this additional timescale criterion theoretical studies may find a reduced planet survivability or that planets may migrate further inwards before opening a gap.
84dcfcd5-0837-48e4-a5af-8c24eb489682
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1712.06040
Ever since the discovery of the Crab and Vela pulsars in their respective Supernova Remnants, our understanding of how neutron stars manifest themselves observationally has been dramatically shaped by the surge of discoveries and dedicated studies across the electromagnetic spectrum, particularly in the high-energy band. The growing diversity of neutron stars includes the highly magnetized neutron stars (magnetars) and the Central Compact Objects shining in X-rays and mostly lacking pulsar wind nebulae. These two subclasses of high-energy objects, however, seem to be characterized by anomalously high or anomalously low surface magnetic fields (thus dubbed as `magnetars' and `anti-magnetars', respectively), and have pulsar characteristic ages that are often much offset from their associated SNRs' ages. In addition, some neutron stars act `schizophrenic' in that they occasionally display properties that seem common to more than one of the defined subclasses. I review the growing diversity of neutron stars from an observational perspective, then highlight recent and on-going theoretical and observational work attempting to address this diversity, particularly in light of their magnetic field evolution, energy loss mechanisms, and supernova progenitors' studies.
84dcfe2e-b8a6-41f3-8d0b-c095d021b593
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astro-ph/9705144
We calculate the observable signatures of the first generation of stars at high redshift (5<z<100). To determine the cosmic star-formation history, we use an extension of the Press-Schechter formalism for Cold Dark Matter (CDM) cosmologies that incorporates gas pressure. We calibrate the fraction of gas converted into stars to be 6% so as to reproduce the 1% solar C/H ratio observed in the intergalactic medium (IGM) at z=3. With this star-formation efficiency, we find that NGST would be able to image more than 10^4 star clusters from high redshifts (z>10) within its 4'x4' field of view. If stars occupy a region comparable to the virial radius of the cluster, then 1% of these clusters could be resolved. We calculate the expected number-flux relation and angular size distribution for these early star clusters. We also describe the reionization of the IGM due to the first generation of stars, and the consequent damping of the CMB anisotropies on small angular scales. This damping could be detected below 10 degree angular scales by MAP and PLANCK.
84dd0403-7cb4-438b-9ab6-de32efdd4c8d
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0.047683276, -0.0057278285, 0.04463596, -0.05453294, -0.036250915, -0.00807056, -0.08450263, -0.053500615, -0.060108457, -0.012703496, 0.013908345, 0.027770216, -0.002251995, 0.007453659, -0.07670524, -0.01288686, 0.018782865, 0.020082768, 0.0076483875, 0.012404987, -0.012852228, 0.003504371, -0.02344918, 0.011741862, -0.00096713036, 0.096079215 ]
cond-mat/0401606
We have measured interlayer current transport in small sized RuSr2GdCu2O8 single crystals. We find a clear intrinsic Josephson effect showing that the material acts as a natural superconductor-insulator-ferromagnet-insulator-superconductor superlattice. So far, we detected no unconventional behavior due to the magnetism of the RuO2 layers.
84dd11d4-c642-4f1d-949b-7ce8dcf40dde
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0.05990605, 0.042896442, 0.04022334, -0.045669165, -0.051901095, 0.022013064, -0.06418789, -0.048836652, -0.0070132865, 0.0000821545, -0.00868252, 0.011494297, 0.025066096, -0.007437951, -0.032293815, 0.0064202594, 0.035734974, -0.00040385715, 0.019785777, 0.018327802, 0.004865657, 0.008902773, 0.009185799, -0.020691505, 0.024704786, 0.016781325 ]
1204.4125
We consider the chiral Lagrangian with a nonet of Goldstone bosons and a nonet of light vector mesons. The mixing between the pseudoscalar mesons eta and eta-prime is taken into account. A novel counting scheme is suggested that is based on hadrogenesis, which conjectures a mass gap in the meson spectrum of QCD in the limit of a large number of colors. Such a mass gap would justify to consider the vector mesons and the eta-prime meson as light degrees of freedom. The complete leading order Lagrangian is constructed and discussed. As a first application it is tested against electromagnetic transitions of light vector mesons to pseudoscalar mesons. Our parameters are determined by the experimental data on photon decays of the omega, phi and eta-prime meson. In terms of such parameters we predict the corresponding decays into virtual photons with either dielectrons or dimuons in the final state.
84dd23a3-9086-4372-bcb8-49d0337adc99
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1904.09302
This paper proposes a new control strategy to improve vehicle cornering performance in a model predictive control framework. The most distinguishing feature of the proposed method is that the natural handling characteristics of the production vehicle is exploited to reduce the complexity of the conventional control methods. For safety s sake, most production vehicles are built to exhibit an understeer handling characteristics to some extent. By monitoring how much the vehicle is biased into the understeer state, the controller attempts to adjust this amount in a way that improves the vehicle cornering performance. With this particular strategy, an innovative controller can be designed without road friction information, which complicates the conventional control methods. In addition, unlike the conventional controllers, the reference yaw rate that is highly dependent on road friction need not be defined due to the proposed control structure. The optimal control problem is formulated in a model predictive control framework to handle the constraints efficiently, and simulations in various test scenarios illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
84dd2466-7cc9-404a-b4e3-56b782006fb6
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0907.3644
Keeping in view the exchange symmetry aspects in studies on spin squeezing of multiqubit states, we show that Ising type Hamiltonian does not retain the exchange symmetry of initially symmetric multiqubit states. Specifically, we show that all N-qubit states (N greater than or equal to 5) obeying permutation symmetry lose their symmetry after evolution with one dimensional Ising chain with nearest neighbor interactions. Among 4-qubit symmetric pure states, only W type states retain their symmetry under time evolution with Ising Hamiltonian.
84dd2beb-4b15-4800-9876-67b2738ddd0c
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1010.6077
Heavily obscured active galactic nuclei (AGNs) play an important role in contributing to the cosmic X-ray background (CXRB). However, the AGNs found in deep X-ray surveys are often too weak to allow direct measurement of the column density of obscuring matter. One method adopted in recent years to identify heavily obscured, Compton-thick AGNs under such circumstances is to use the observed mid-infrared to X-ray luminosity ratio as a proxy for the column density. This is based on the supposition that the amount of energy lost by the illuminating X-ray continuum to the obscuring matter and reprocessed into infrared emission is directly related to the column density and that the proxy is not sensitive to other physical parameters of the system (aside from contamination by dust emission from, for example, star-forming regions). Using Monte Carlo simulations, we find that the energy losses experienced by the illuminating X-ray continuum in the obscuring matter are far more sensitive to the shape of the X-ray continuum and to the covering factor of the X-ray reprocessor than they are to the column density of the material. Specifically we find that it is possible for the infrared to X-ray luminosity ratio for a Compton-thin source to be just as large as that for a Compton-thick source even without any contamination from dust. Since the intrinsic X-ray continuum and covering factor of the reprocessor are poorly constrained from deep X-ray survey data, we conclude that the mid-infrared to X-ray luminosity ratio is not a reliable proxy for the column density of obscuring matter in AGNs even when there is no other contribution to the mid-infrared luminosity aside from X-ray reprocessing. This conclusion is independent of the geometry of the obscuring matter.
84dd2d70-2d5f-40ba-bb11-284f3b2f5a83
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math/0201125
Let X be a projective smooth irreducible polarized variety over the field of complex numbers. Typical examples of wide extensions are vector bundles E that have a subsheaf F whose slope is much bigger than the slope of E/F, and such that F and E/F are stable. We study the deformations of such bundles. The case of unstable rank 2 bundles has been considered by S.A. Stromme on P_2, and by C. Banica on P_3. We build moduli spaces of wide extensions, and if the dimension of X is greater than 2, it may even happen that we obtain fine moduli spaces.
84dd3150-ba4c-47ab-956a-4a0d79a82e96
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1503.06658
The quantum mechanical counterpart of the famous Stoner-Wohlfarth model -- an easy-axis magnet in a tilted magnetic field -- is studied theoretically and through simulations, as a function of the spin-size $S$ in a sweeping longitudinal field. Beyond the classical Stoner-Wohlfarth transition, the sweeping field-induced adiabatic change of states slows down as $S$ increases, leading to a dynamical quantum phase transition. This result is described as a critical phenomenon associated with Landau-Zener tunneling gaps at metastable quasi-avoided crossings. Furthermore, a beating of the magnetization is discovered after the Stoner-Wohlfarth transition. The period of the beating, obtained analytically, arises from a new type of quantum phase factor.
84dd37c5-16a7-4445-9497-dec1db5eb3ad
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2106.01019
Consider a seller that intends to auction some item. The seller can invest money and effort in advertising in different market segments in order to recruit $n$ bidders to the auction. Alternatively, the seller can have a much cheaper and focused marketing operation and recruit the same number of bidders from a single market segment. Which marketing operation should the seller choose? More formally, let $D=\{\mathcal D_1,\ldots, \mathcal D_n\}$ be a set of distributions. Our main result shows that there is always $\mathcal D_i\in D$ such that the revenue that can be extracted from $n$ bidders, where the value of each is independently drawn from $\mathcal D_i$, is at least $\frac 1 2 \cdot (1-\frac 1 e)$ of the revenue that can be obtained by any possible mix of bidders, where the value of each bidder is drawn from some (possibly different) distribution that belongs to $D$. We next consider situations in which the auctioneer cannot use the optimal auction and is required to use a second price auction. We show that there is always $\mathcal D_i\in D$ such that if the value of all bidders is independently drawn from $\mathcal D_i$ then running a second price auction guarantees a constant fraction of the revenue that can be obtained by a second-price auction by any possible mix of bidders. Finally, we show that for any $\varepsilon>0$ there exists a function $f$ that depends only on $\varepsilon$ (in particular, the function does not depend on $n$ or on the set $D$), such that recruiting $n$ bidders which have at most $f(\varepsilon)$ different distributions, all from $D$, guarantees $(1-\varepsilon)$-fraction of the revenue that can be obtained by a second-price auction by any possible mix of bidders.
84dd38e1-15e1-4bd7-b348-f55829d7f0e7
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1401.7907
Suppose $\pi_1$ and $\pi_2$ are two Hecke-Maass cusp forms for $SL(3,\mathbb{Z})$ such that for all primitive character $\chi$ we have $$ L(\tfrac{1}{2},\pi_1\otimes\chi)=L(\tfrac{1}{2},\pi_2\otimes\chi). $$ Then we show that $\pi_1=\pi_2$.
84dd45ac-f459-41be-a52b-a425a317c949
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1606.07595
We classify the homogeneous and isoparametric hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{S}^2$. In the classification, besides the hypersurfaces $\mathbb{S}^1(r)\times\mathbb{S}^2,\,r\in (0,1]$, it appears a family of hypersurfaces with three different constant principal curvatures and zero Gauss-Kronecker curvature. Also we classify the hypersurfaces of $\mathbb{S}^2\times\mathbb{S}^2$ with at most two constant principal curvatures and, under certain conditions, with three constant principal curvatures.