id
int64 7
54.5M
| en_sentence
stringlengths 15
2.89k
| cs_sentence
stringlengths 15
2.9k
| language
stringclasses 12
values |
---|---|---|---|
43 | "Marine Observation Outpost" (M.O.O.) – Guests see a show on a high definition <en>LCD</en> screen which is similar to the underwater attraction. | "Marine Observation Outpost" (M.O.O.) – Guests see a show on a high definition <af>Vloeikristalskerm</af> screen which is similar to the underwater attraction. | af |
82 | A ferry service from <en>Aberdeen</en>, in the southern part of Hong Kong island, stops in Mot Tat Wan before going on to Sok Kwu Wan. | A ferry service from <af>Aberdeen</af>, in the southern part of Hong Kong island, stops in Mot Tat Wan before going on to Sok Kwu Wan. | af |
128 | It was moved to <en>Slovakia</en> in 1945, where it fought its only battles (Slovakia and the upper Danube). | It was moved to <af>Slowakye</af> in 1945, where it fought its only battles (Slovakia and the upper Danube). | af |
232 | His parents and the extended Carter family arrive for <en>Thanksgiving</en>, at which time Ray and an intoxicated Johnny get into a bitter argument. | His parents and the extended Carter family arrive for <af>Thanksgiving</af>, at which time Ray and an intoxicated Johnny get into a bitter argument. | af |
269 | Her mother, Rose ("née" Carbone), was a seamstress, and her father, Gino Occhiuto, was a truck driver for <en>Coca-Cola</en>. | Her mother, Rose ("née" Carbone), was a seamstress, and her father, Gino Occhiuto, was a truck driver for <af>Coca-Cola</af>. | af |
312 | (<en>Capitol</en>/<en>EMI Records</en>). | (<af>Capitol Records</af>/<af>EMI</af>). | af |
328 | Pietro Bernini (6 May 1562 – 29 August 1629) was an <en>Italian</en> | Pietro Bernini (6 May 1562 – 29 August 1629) was an <af>Italië</af> | af |
415 | One of his first major works there was a large ceiling painting (since destroyed) of Apollo and the Muses for Buckingham's newly rebuilt London home, York House, in the <en>Strand</en>. | One of his first major works there was a large ceiling painting (since destroyed) of Apollo and the Muses for Buckingham's newly rebuilt London home, York House, in the <af>Strand</af>. | af |
432 | Show's later life was affected by <en>drug abuse</en>; at age 37, he was found dead in his room at a drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility in 1994. | Show's later life was affected by <af>Middelmisbruik</af>; at age 37, he was found dead in his room at a drug and alcohol rehabilitation facility in 1994. | af |
512 | In 1992, Zhao married his second wife, Ma Lijuan , a <en>Hui Chinese</en> woman from <en>Chifeng</en>, Inner Mongolia. | In 1992, Zhao married his second wife, Ma Lijuan , a <af>Hui-Sjinese</af> woman from <af>Chifeng</af>, Inner Mongolia. | af |
615 | "Craven" cruised on the east coast and in the <en>Caribbean</en> in training, maneuvers, and <en>torpedo</en> practice, until 3 May 1919 when she sailed from <en>New York</en> for <en>Trepassey Bay, Newfoundland</en>. | "Craven" cruised on the east coast and in the <af>Karibiese gebied</af> in training, maneuvers, and <af>Torpedo</af> practice, until 3 May 1919 when she sailed from <af>New York Stad</af> for <en>Trepassey Bay, Newfoundland</en>. | af |
634 | Vicky the Viking, known as in <en>Germany</en> and <en>Austria</en> and in <en>Japan</en>, is a German-Austrian-Japanese animated television series which tells the adventures of Vicky, a young <en>Viking</en> boy who uses his wits to help his Viking fellows. | Vicky the Viking, known as in <af>Duitsland</af> and <af>Oostenryk</af> and in <af>Japan</af>, is a German-Austrian-Japanese animated television series which tells the adventures of Vicky, a young <af>Wikings</af> boy who uses his wits to help his Viking fellows. | af |
660 | The main Newtown campus is located on a former estate that Bucks County acquired in very early 1965 from <en>Temple University</en>, which had inherited it from Stella Elkins Tyler, a wealthy benefactor, only two years before. | The main Newtown campus is located on a former estate that Bucks County acquired in very early 1965 from <af>Temple-universiteit</af>, which had inherited it from Stella Elkins Tyler, a wealthy benefactor, only two years before. | af |
678 | Born to a <en>Suzhou</en> scholar-official, Lin Ruhai, and Lady Jia Min of the Rongguo house, Daiyu was raised by her parents in her family's mansion in nearby <en>Yangzhou</en>, where she received an excellent education. | Born to a <af>Sutsjou, Jiangsu</af> scholar-official, Lin Ruhai, and Lady Jia Min of the Rongguo house, Daiyu was raised by her parents in her family's mansion in nearby <af>Yangtsjou</af>, where she received an excellent education. | af |
718 | Designers removed the ADB and PS/2 ports, replacing them with a USB port and a mini-DIN-8 <en>serial port</en>. | Designers removed the ADB and PS/2 ports, replacing them with a USB port and a mini-DIN-8 <af>Serie-poort</af>. | af |
848 | By the 1840s, <en>silk</en> was replacing fur for hats as the clothing fashion in Europe. | By the 1840s, <af>Sy</af> was replacing fur for hats as the clothing fashion in Europe. | af |
849 | Despite efforts to increase profits by diversifying into other industries like <en>lead</en> mining, the American Fur Company folded. | Despite efforts to increase profits by diversifying into other industries like <af>lood</af> mining, the American Fur Company folded. | af |
893 | <en>Lucerne</en>, wheat and sheep were established on the station in later years. | <af>Lusern</af>, wheat and sheep were established on the station in later years. | af |
922 | In mid-1803, he returned to the <en>Mediterranean</en> in the <en>brig</en> | In mid-1803, he returned to the <af>Middellandse See</af> in the <af>Brik</af> | af |
1,093 | A community named "Withers" <en>post office</en> was established at the site of the old Swash. | A community named "Withers" <af>United States Postal Service</af> was established at the site of the old Swash. | af |
1,134 | This is a trend that is likely to continue because of increasing human population growth and demand for marine food sources, as well as industrialization of <en>fisheries</en> which are expanding into new areas. | This is a trend that is likely to continue because of increasing human population growth and demand for marine food sources, as well as industrialization of <af>Vissery</af> which are expanding into new areas. | af |
1,193 | Management and regulation are lacking in many <en>fisheries</en> today. | Management and regulation are lacking in many <af>Vissery</af> today. | af |
1,233 | Pereira is the capital city of the <en>Colombia</en>n <en>department</en> of <en>Risaralda</en>. | Pereira is the capital city of the <af>Colombia</af>n <af>Departemente van Colombia</af> of <af>Risaralda (departement)</af>. | af |
1,308 | He received a one match ban and made his return against <en>Palermo</en> in a 1–0 win on 1 February 2009. | He received a one match ban and made his return against <af>Palermo FC</af> in a 1–0 win on 1 February 2009. | af |
1,347 | In 1862, on the deposition of <en>King Otto</en>, he became minister for foreign affairs in the provisional government. | In 1862, on the deposition of <af>Otto van Griekeland</af>, he became minister for foreign affairs in the provisional government. | af |
1,377 | Conti took part with Italy at the <en>1986 FIFA World Cup</en>, playing in every match; the Italians were eliminated in the round of 16. | Conti took part with Italy at the <af>FIFA Sokker-Wêreldbekertoernooi in 1986</af>, playing in every match; the Italians were eliminated in the round of 16. | af |
1,420 | Richard Alexander Allen (February 10, 1929 – March 5, 2019) was an historian and former <en>politician</en> in <en>Ontario</en>, Canada. | Richard Alexander Allen (February 10, 1929 – March 5, 2019) was an historian and former <af>politikus</af> in <af>Ontario</af>, Canada. | af |
1,447 | From first season, he became a regular player and played as right back of three defence with <en>Japan national team</en> players <en>Masami Ihara</en> and <en>Norio Omura</en>. | From first season, he became a regular player and played as right back of three defence with <af>Japanse nasionale sokkerspan</af> players <af>Masami Ihara</af> and <af>Norio Omura</af>. | af |
1,495 | When the <en>Goths</en> invaded in 410, she was brutalized, and she died of her injuries. | When the <af>Gote</af> invaded in 410, she was brutalized, and she died of her injuries. | af |
1,573 | It was here that Washington entertained the Count de <en>Rochambeau</en> and his French officers. | It was here that Washington entertained the Count de <af>Comte de Rochambeau</af> and his French officers. | af |
1,680 | Robert Denison Holmes (May 11, 1909 – June 6, 1976) was an American politician and journalist from the <en>U.S. state</en> of <en>Oregon</en>. | Robert Denison Holmes (May 11, 1909 – June 6, 1976) was an American politician and journalist from the <af>Deelstate van die Verenigde State van Amerika</af> of <af>Oregon</af>. | af |
1,789 | Balgownie is a small suburb of <en>Wollongong</en>, <en>New South Wales</en>, <en>Australia</en>. | Balgownie is a small suburb of <af>Wollongong</af>, <af>Nieu-Suid-Wallis</af>, <af>Australië</af>. | af |
1,828 | Article 12 contains two sections directing the Legislature to enact general laws for the creation of private <en>corporation</en>s and prohibiting the creation of private corporations by special law. | Article 12 contains two sections directing the Legislature to enact general laws for the creation of private <af>korporasie</af>s and prohibiting the creation of private corporations by special law. | af |
1,925 | For instance, one legend tells of a strong-willed wife who was a master of "<en>janggi</en>" or Korean chess. | For instance, one legend tells of a strong-willed wife who was a master of "<af>Janggi</af>" or Korean chess. | af |
2,138 | The Confederate capital of <en>Richmond</en>, now unprotected by Lee's army, fell to Union forces along with Petersburg on April 3, 1865. | The Confederate capital of <af>Richmond</af>, now unprotected by Lee's army, fell to Union forces along with Petersburg on April 3, 1865. | af |
2,153 | Reviewing its 2002 reissue, David Peisner of "<en>Rolling Stone</en>" wrote that the album "hasn't lost any bite". | Reviewing its 2002 reissue, David Peisner of "<af>Rolling Stone</af>" wrote that the album "hasn't lost any bite". | af |
2,187 | Her poetry was praised by many of the leading figures of the <en>American Revolution</en>, including <en>George Washington</en>, who thanked her for a poem written in his honor. | Her poetry was praised by many of the leading figures of the <af>Amerikaanse Rewolusie</af>, including <af>George Washington</af>, who thanked her for a poem written in his honor. | af |
2,198 | He began to work for abolitionist causes, making his way to <en>Buffalo, New York</en>, and later <en>Boston, Massachusetts</en>. | He began to work for abolitionist causes, making his way to <af>Buffalo, New York</af>, and later <af>Boston</af>. | af |
2,287 | Morrison is the first African American to win the <en>Nobel Prize in Literature</en>. | Morrison is the first African American to win the <af>Nobelprys vir Letterkunde</af>. | af |
2,311 | This view of African-American literature as a tool in the struggle for Black political and cultural liberation has been stated for decades, perhaps most famously by <en>W. E. B. Du Bois</en>. | This view of African-American literature as a tool in the struggle for Black political and cultural liberation has been stated for decades, perhaps most famously by <af>W. E. B. Du Bois</af>. | af |
2,518 | While successful on the field, Jones also focused in the classroom, earning his bachelor's degree in <en>psychology</en> in three years. | While successful on the field, Jones also focused in the classroom, earning his bachelor's degree in <af>sielkunde</af> in three years. | af |
2,817 | Since he was strongly influenced by the films of <en>Walt Disney</en>, he looked for an animal as the main character. | Since he was strongly influenced by the films of <af>Walt Disney</af>, he looked for an animal as the main character. | af |
2,865 | In 2003, the hotel served as a major hub for visiting <en>journalist</en>s during the war in Iraq. | In 2003, the hotel served as a major hub for visiting <af>joernalis</af>s during the war in Iraq. | af |
2,917 | In <en>Hebrew</en>, her first name could mean either "sing" (in imperative mood) or "my song". | In <af>Hebreeus</af>, her first name could mean either "sing" (in imperative mood) or "my song". | af |
2,963 | The single was released in <en>Israel</en> in May 2009. | The single was released in <af>Israel</af> in May 2009. | af |
3,013 | In 1990 he joined Swiss industrialist Stephan Schmiheiny to form the Business Council for Sustainable Development, <en>Geneva</en>. | In 1990 he joined Swiss industrialist Stephan Schmiheiny to form the Business Council for Sustainable Development, <af>Genève</af>. | af |
3,057 | "All times are local (<en>HKT</en>, <en>UTC+08:00</en>)." | "All times are local (<af>Hongkongtyd</af>, <af>UTC+08:00</af>)." | af |
3,090 | The Ford Transit Connect is a <en>compact</en> | The Ford Transit Connect is a <af>Kompakte motor</af> | af |
3,106 | The second generation Transit Connect was introduced on 6 September 2012 in <en>Amsterdam</en>, Netherlands. | The second generation Transit Connect was introduced on 6 September 2012 in <af>Amsterdam</af>, Netherlands. | af |
3,118 | For taxi use, modifications include shifting the rear seat several inches rearward (to increase legroom and to allow for the fitment of a partition), rear-seat climate controls, and <en>school bus yellow</en> paint. | For taxi use, modifications include shifting the rear seat several inches rearward (to increase legroom and to allow for the fitment of a partition), rear-seat climate controls, and <af>Skoolbusgeel</af> paint. | af |
3,159 | <en>comedy film</en> of 1987 (<en>Mosfilm</en> production), with nods to silent film and the transforming power of celluloid. | <af>komedie film</af> of 1987 (<af>Mosfilm</af> production), with nods to silent film and the transforming power of celluloid. | af |
3,292 | Mediaset's headquarters are in <en>Milan</en>, <en>Lombardy</en>. | Mediaset's headquarters are in <af>Milaan</af>, <af>Lombardye</af>. | af |
3,356 | The Moores like the Elwins had come to the Bay Islands from <en>Belize</en>. | The Moores like the Elwins had come to the Bay Islands from <af>Belize</af>. | af |
3,631 | " The "key" of Daʻat opens all six chambers (attributes) of the heart and fills them with <en>life-force</en>. | " The "key" of Daʻat opens all six chambers (attributes) of the heart and fills them with <af>Energie (esoteries)</af>. | af |
3,688 | His <en>rheumatism</en> meant he wore "baggy" shorts so as to conceal the long johns he put on for warmth. | His <af>Rumatiek</af> meant he wore "baggy" shorts so as to conceal the long johns he put on for warmth. | af |
3,698 | In order to circumvent the maximum wage rules, Arsenal arranged it so that his employment at the club was supplemented by a £250-a-year "sports demonstrator" job at <en>Selfridges</en>, the London <en>department store</en>. | In order to circumvent the maximum wage rules, Arsenal arranged it so that his employment at the club was supplemented by a £250-a-year "sports demonstrator" job at <af>Selfridges</af>, the London <af>Afdelingswinkel</af>. | af |
3,753 | With Sir Robert Drury began for this family a long connection with the courts of the <en>Tudor</en> sovereigns, and a succession of capable and eminent men whose careers are part of English history throughout the 16th century. | With Sir Robert Drury began for this family a long connection with the courts of the <af>Huis van Tudor</af> sovereigns, and a succession of capable and eminent men whose careers are part of English history throughout the 16th century. | af |
3,849 | South Africa voluntarily gave up its <en>nuclear weapons programme</en> after the end of <en>apartheid</en>. | South Africa voluntarily gave up its <af>Suid-Afrika se wapens van massavernietiging</af> after the end of <af>apartheid</af>. | af |
3,901 | They attempt to negotiate with Beata (<en>Karen Montgomery</en>), the "Elected One" of the native inhabitants, to let them search for the survivors. | They attempt to negotiate with Beata (<af>Karen Montgomery</af>), the "Elected One" of the native inhabitants, to let them search for the survivors. | af |
3,975 | SCO OpenServer 6, based on the merging of AT&T <en>UNIX</en> | SCO OpenServer 6, based on the merging of AT&T <af>Unix</af> | af |
4,029 | Less than a month later, she moved to <en>Boston</en> from where she got underway for Europe on 7 May with "Cassin", "Ericsson", , , and . | Less than a month later, she moved to <af>Boston</af> from where she got underway for Europe on 7 May with "Cassin", "Ericsson", , , and . | af |
4,035 | Six weeks later, on 24 September, the warship rushed to the assistance of "Henry Lippitt", an unarmed American <en>schooner</en> being shelled by . | Six weeks later, on 24 September, the warship rushed to the assistance of "Henry Lippitt", an unarmed American <af>Skoener</af> being shelled by . | af |
4,052 | Tiptoft was beheaded in 1470 by the Lancastrians during the <en>War of the Roses</en> (1455-1487). | Tiptoft was beheaded in 1470 by the Lancastrians during the <af>Rose-oorlog</af> (1455-1487). | af |
4,169 | Volumes of "Boxiana" are hard to find today, though the <en>Folio Society</en> issued a reprint of the first volume in 1976, and in 1998 Nicol Island Publishers of <en>Toronto</en> issued a reprint of the first volume and announced plans to reissue all five volumes. | Volumes of "Boxiana" are hard to find today, though the <af>Folio Society</af> issued a reprint of the first volume in 1976, and in 1998 Nicol Island Publishers of <af>Toronto</af> issued a reprint of the first volume and announced plans to reissue all five volumes. | af |
4,293 | In the department's vernacular, these briefings are referred to as CompStat ("computerized statistics") meetings, since many of the discussions are based upon the <en>statistical</en> analysis and <en>map</en>s contained within the weekly CompStat reports. | In the department's vernacular, these briefings are referred to as CompStat ("computerized statistics") meetings, since many of the discussions are based upon the <af>statistiek</af> analysis and <af>kaart</af>s contained within the weekly CompStat reports. | af |
4,300 | According to journalist <en>Radley Balko</en>, "some recent reports from New York City suggest the program needs some tweaking to guard against the twin dangers of unnecessary police harassment and underreporting of serious crimes." | According to journalist <af>Radley Balko</af>, "some recent reports from New York City suggest the program needs some tweaking to guard against the twin dangers of unnecessary police harassment and underreporting of serious crimes." | af |
4,341 | During August 2004, it was announced that Lancelyn Green had bequeathed his extensive collection on Conan Doyle to the <en>Portsmouth</en> Library Service. | During August 2004, it was announced that Lancelyn Green had bequeathed his extensive collection on Conan Doyle to the <af>Portsmouth</af> Library Service. | af |
4,356 | The <en>Swahili</en> word "nungu" means "<en>globefish</en>" in English, "nunge" means "<en>leper colony</en>". | The <af>Swahili</af> word "nungu" means "<af>Tetraodontidae</af>" in English, "nunge" means "<af>Melaatse kolonie</af>". | af |
4,361 | Their representatives with one exception came from <en>Ionia</en> and its islands, and their position were most favourably situated for the acquisition of knowledge concerning the distant countries of East and West. | Their representatives with one exception came from <af>Ionië</af> and its islands, and their position were most favourably situated for the acquisition of knowledge concerning the distant countries of East and West. | af |
4,444 | Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy (National Academy of Fine and Performing Arts) is the principal state-sponsored national cultural center of <en>Bangladesh</en>. | Bangladesh Shilpakala Academy (National Academy of Fine and Performing Arts) is the principal state-sponsored national cultural center of <af>Bangladesj</af>. | af |
4,445 | But subsequently the Act of 1974 of <en>Bangladesh</en> Shilpakala Academy was amended through a new act of Parliament in 1989. | But subsequently the Act of 1974 of <af>Bangladesj</af> Shilpakala Academy was amended through a new act of Parliament in 1989. | af |
4,452 | Later, <en>Juba</en> was selected to become the permanent capital. | Later, <af>Joeba</af> was selected to become the permanent capital. | af |
4,539 | In 1777, Karl Theodor became ruler of Bavaria in addition to the Palatinate and removed his court from <en>Mannheim</en> to <en>Munich</en>. | In 1777, Karl Theodor became ruler of Bavaria in addition to the Palatinate and removed his court from <af>Mannheim</af> to <af>München</af>. | af |
4,577 | After the <en>Thirty Years War</en> it was used as a stables as well as a toolshed, garage and carriage house. | After the <af>Dertigjarige Oorlog</af> it was used as a stables as well as a toolshed, garage and carriage house. | af |
4,621 | " Following the conclusion of hostilities, he led the Fifth Amphibious Corps in the occupation of the <en>Japanese Home Islands</en>. | " Following the conclusion of hostilities, he led the Fifth Amphibious Corps in the occupation of the <af>Japanse Argipel</af>. | af |
4,849 | He was then commissioned to produce 23 paintings for the King's Chapel at <en>Frederiksborg Palace</en>. | He was then commissioned to produce 23 paintings for the King's Chapel at <af>Frederiksborg-paleis</af>. | af |
4,974 | Here they met the chairman of the local football club <en>Holstein Kiel</en>, whom Sophus knew from an earlier trip with Frem. | Here they met the chairman of the local football club <af>Holstein Kiel</af>, whom Sophus knew from an earlier trip with Frem. | af |
5,215 | Gradually <en>water vapor</en> is <en>decomposed by sunlight</en>, leaving <en>hydrogen</en> and oxygen lost to outer space. | Gradually <af>Waterdamp</af> is <af>Fotolise</af>, leaving <af>waterstof</af> and oxygen lost to outer space. | af |
5,264 | The temperature in these regions never rises above about 100 <en>K</en> (about −170 ° Celsius), and any water that eventually ended up in these craters could remain frozen and stable for extremely long periods of time — perhaps billions of years, depending on the stability of the orientation of the Moon's axis. | The temperature in these regions never rises above about 100 <af>Kelvin</af> (about −170 ° Celsius), and any water that eventually ended up in these craters could remain frozen and stable for extremely long periods of time — perhaps billions of years, depending on the stability of the orientation of the Moon's axis. | af |
5,523 | Prince Alfred College was named after <en>Prince Alfred</en> during his visit to Adelaide in 1867. | Prince Alfred College was named after <af>Alfred, Hertog van Sakse-Koburg en Gotha</af> during his visit to Adelaide in 1867. | af |
5,531 | However, it was not until 22 June 1969 that the college celebrated its inauguration, two years after the laying of the foundation stone by H.R.H. <en>Prince Alfred, Duke of Edinburgh</en>. | However, it was not until 22 June 1969 that the college celebrated its inauguration, two years after the laying of the foundation stone by H.R.H. <af>Alfred, Hertog van Sakse-Koburg en Gotha</af>. | af |
5,748 | Gwendoline Maud Syrie Barnardo was born in <en>England</en> on 10 July 1879. | Gwendoline Maud Syrie Barnardo was born in <af>Engeland</af> on 10 July 1879. | af |
5,754 | Also well-known was Maugham's salon in her villa at <en>Le Touquet</en>, a society resort in France. | Also well-known was Maugham's salon in her villa at <af>Le Touquet-Paris-Plage</af>, a society resort in France. | af |
5,868 | In February 1796, Commander Puget was given the tiny "Adelphi" with which to protect a supply convoy to <en>Gibraltar</en>. | In February 1796, Commander Puget was given the tiny "Adelphi" with which to protect a supply convoy to <af>Gibraltar</af>. | af |
5,871 | Thereafter, Puget settled into family life, living in <en>Bath</en> for reasons of health. | Thereafter, Puget settled into family life, living in <af>Bath</af> for reasons of health. | af |
5,918 | There are even a few <en>Chinese</en> families buried within the cemetery, and a large number of tombstones are written in languages other than <en>English</en>. | There are even a few <af>Volksrepubliek China</af> families buried within the cemetery, and a large number of tombstones are written in languages other than <af>Engels</af>. | af |
5,943 | As of 2017, there were eight <en>medical doctor</en>s who practice conventional medicine within the town of Delhi. | As of 2017, there were eight <af>Dokter</af>s who practice conventional medicine within the town of Delhi. | af |
5,991 | "Plaza Suite" opened on <en>Broadway</en> at the <en>Plymouth Theatre</en> on February 14, 1968 and closed on October 3, 1970 after 1097 performances and two previews. | "Plaza Suite" opened on <af>Broadway</af> at the <af>Gerald Schoenfeld Theatre</af> on February 14, 1968 and closed on October 3, 1970 after 1097 performances and two previews. | af |
6,009 | On December 31, 1982, HBO broadcast a production (shot in front of a live audience) starring <en>Lee Grant</en> and <en>Jerry Orbach</en> playing all three roles. | On December 31, 1982, HBO broadcast a production (shot in front of a live audience) starring <af>Lee Grant</af> and <af>Jerry Orbach</af> playing all three roles. | af |
6,048 | Hasidic Jews, based on a practice of their founder <en>Rabbi</en> Israel <en>Baal Shem Tov</en>, have adapted anthems and even folk songs, ascribing them a new spiritual dimension. | Hasidic Jews, based on a practice of their founder <af>Rabbyn</af> Israel <af>Miedzyboz, Israel of,</af>, have adapted anthems and even folk songs, ascribing them a new spiritual dimension. | af |
6,129 | Although critical of <en>Saddam Hussein</en>, Turabi held an anti-American Islamist conference during <en>Operation Desert Storm</en>, toward the end of supporting the Iraqi people in their war. | Although critical of <af>Saddam Hoesein</af>, Turabi held an anti-American Islamist conference during <af>Golfoorlog</af>, toward the end of supporting the Iraqi people in their war. | af |
6,193 | Buchanan stabilized funding to many rural centres in 1994, and was a supporter of fuel <en>ethanol</en> throughout his time in government. | Buchanan stabilized funding to many rural centres in 1994, and was a supporter of fuel <af>etanol</af> throughout his time in government. | af |
6,202 | In the aftermath of the <en>Reform War</en> (1858-1860), the country was left with a severely damaged infrastructure, crippled economy, and massive debt. | In the aftermath of the <af>Hervormingsoorlog</af> (1858-1860), the country was left with a severely damaged infrastructure, crippled economy, and massive debt. | af |
6,263 | The story also sees Murdock finally unraveling the frame job from "Born Again", winning back his <en>attorney's license</en>. | The story also sees Murdock finally unraveling the frame job from "Born Again", winning back his <af>Regsgraad</af>. | af |
6,405 | Sam Calagione started brewing in his kitchen in <en>New York City</en>, where he created his first beer out of overripe cherries with his roommates <en>Ken Marino</en> and <en>Joe Lo Truglio</en>. | Sam Calagione started brewing in his kitchen in <af>New York Stad</af>, where he created his first beer out of overripe cherries with his roommates <af>Ken Marino</af> and <af>Joe Lo Truglio</af>. | af |
6,431 | The <en>distillery</en> is very small; Dogfish Head spirits are distributed only in <en>Delaware</en> and a handful of other states. | The <af>Distillasie</af> is very small; Dogfish Head spirits are distributed only in <af>Delaware</af> and a handful of other states. | af |
6,464 | After Barrios learned that his son was served Fluffernutters on a daily basis at his <en>Cambridge, Massachusetts</en>, public elementary school, he created an amendment to a junk food bill that aimed to limit the serving of Fluffernutters in Massachusetts public schools to once a week. | After Barrios learned that his son was served Fluffernutters on a daily basis at his <af>Cambridge, Massachusetts</af>, public elementary school, he created an amendment to a junk food bill that aimed to limit the serving of Fluffernutters in Massachusetts public schools to once a week. | af |
6,766 | The field can be dated back to 1776, where <en>Adam Smith</en>, a British Economist believed that within the labor market equilibrium, there is a possibility that a trade-off between a worker's wages and non-monetary working conditions exists. | The field can be dated back to 1776, where <af>Adam Smith</af>, a British Economist believed that within the labor market equilibrium, there is a possibility that a trade-off between a worker's wages and non-monetary working conditions exists. | af |
6,792 | The Arabic "al-Yahūd al-ʿArab" and Hebrew "Yehudim `Aravim" literally mean 'Arab Jews', a phrasing that in current usage is considered derogatory by Israelis of <en>Mizrachi</en> origin. | The Arabic "al-Yahūd al-ʿArab" and Hebrew "Yehudim `Aravim" literally mean 'Arab Jews', a phrasing that in current usage is considered derogatory by Israelis of <af>Mizrachi-Jode</af> origin. | af |
6,815 | The Jews were regarded and regarded themselves as an ethnic "as well as" a religious minority, similar to other ethnic minorities such as the <en>Assyrians</en>, <en>Copts</en>, <en>Berbers</en> or <en>Kurds</en> (although the latter two are not defined by religion either, as they may include members of all faiths), and none of these are today referred to or refer to themselves as "Arabs". | The Jews were regarded and regarded themselves as an ethnic "as well as" a religious minority, similar to other ethnic minorities such as the <af>Assiriërs</af>, <af>Kopte</af>, <af>Berber</af> or <af>Koerde</af> (although the latter two are not defined by religion either, as they may include members of all faiths), and none of these are today referred to or refer to themselves as "Arabs". | af |
Dataset Card for EntityCS
- Repository: https://github.com/huawei-noah/noah-research/tree/master/NLP/EntityCS
- Paper: https://aclanthology.org/2022.findings-emnlp.499.pdf
- Point of Contact: Fenia Christopoulou, Chenxi Whitehouse
Dataset Description
We use the English Wikipedia and leverage entity information from Wikidata to construct an entity-based Code Switching corpus.
To achieve this, we make use of wikilinks in Wikipedia, i.e. links from one page to another.
We use the English Wikipedia dump (November 2021) and extract raw text with WikiExtractor while keeping track of wikilinks.
Since we are interested in creating entity-level CS instances, we only keep sentences containing at least one wikilink.
Given an English sentence with wikilinks, we first map the entity in each wikilink to its corresponding Wikidata ID and
retrieve its available translations from Wikidata.
For each sentence, we check which languages have translations for all entities in that sentence, and consider those as candidates for code-switching.
We ensure all entities are code-switched to the same target language in a single sentence, avoiding noise from including too many languages.
To control the size of the corpus, we generate up to five code-switched sentences for each English sentence.
In particular, if fewer than five languages have translations available for all the entities in a sentence, we create code-switched instances with all of them.
Otherwise, we randomly select five target languages from the candidates.
If no candidate languages can be found, we do not code-switch the sentence, instead, we keep it as part of the English corpus.
Finally, we surround each entity with entity indicators (<e>
, </e>
).
Supported Tasks and Leaderboards
The dataset was developped for intermediate pre-training of language models. In the paper we further fine-tune models on entity-centric downstream tasks, such as NER.
Languages
The dataset covers 93 languages in total, including English.
Data Statistics
Statistic | Count |
---|---|
Languages | 93 |
English Sentences | 54,469,214 |
English Entities | 104,593,076 |
Average Sentence Length | 23.37 |
Average Entities per Sentence | 2 |
CS Sentences per EN Sentence | ≤ 5 |
CS Sentences | 231,124,422 |
CS Entities | 420,907,878 |
Data Fields
Each instance contains 4 fields:
id
: Unique ID of each sentencelanguage
: The language of choice for entity code-switching of the given sentenceen_sentence
: The original English sentencecs_sentence
: The code-switched sentence
In the case of the English subset, the cs_sentence
field does not exist as the sentences are not code-switched.
An example of what a data instance looks like:
{
'id': 19,
'en_sentence': 'The subs then enter a <en>coral reef</en> with many bright reflective colors.',
'cs_sentence': 'The subs then enter a <de>Korallenriff</de> with many bright reflective colors.',
'language': 'de'
}
Data Splits
There is a single data split for each language. You can randomly select a few examples from each language to serve as validation set.
Limitations
An important limitation of the work is that before code-switching an entity, its morphological inflection is not checked. This can lead to potential errors as the form of the CS entity might not agree with the surrounding context (e.g. plural). There should be few cases as such, as we are only switching entities. However, this should be improved in a later version of the corpus. Secondly, the diversity of languages used to construct the EntityCS corpus is restricted to the overlap between the available languages in WikiData and XLM-R pre-training. This choice was for a better comparison between models, however it is possible to extend the corpus with more languages that XLM-R does not cover, following the procedure presented in the paper.
Citation
BibTeX
@inproceedings{whitehouse-etal-2022-entitycs,
title = "{E}ntity{CS}: Improving Zero-Shot Cross-lingual Transfer with Entity-Centric Code Switching",
author = "Whitehouse, Chenxi and
Christopoulou, Fenia and
Iacobacci, Ignacio",
booktitle = "Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2022",
month = dec,
year = "2022",
address = "Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates",
publisher = "Association for Computational Linguistics",
url = "https://aclanthology.org/2022.findings-emnlp.499",
pages = "6698--6714"
}
APA
Whitehouse, C., Christopoulou, F., & Iacobacci, I. (2022). EntityCS: Improving Zero-Shot Cross-lingual Transfer with Entity-Centric Code Switching. In Findings of the Association for Computational Linguistics: EMNLP 2022.
- Downloads last month
- 122