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You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Lesch - Nyhan disease is a rare genetic disease characterized by a deficiency in the function of the enzyme hypoxanthine - guanine phosphoribosyltransferase ( HGPRT ) . Patients affected by this disease experience hyperuricemia , motor disorders , mental retardation and , in the most severe cases , self - mutilation . Its clinical manifestations depend on the enzymatic activity of HGPRT , which is classically linked to the type of alteration in the HGPRT gene . More than 400 mutations of this gene have been found . At present , one of the controversial aspects of the disease is the relationship between the genotype and phenotype ; cases have been described lacking a mutation , such as the patient presented in this article , as well as families who despite sharing the same genetic defect show disorders with differing severity . Epigenetic processes , which modify the genetic expression without changing the sequence of the deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) , could explain the clinical variability observed in this disease .

motor disorders mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Background The prevalence of lung obstruction increases with age and the presence of comorbidities . Although a complete spirometry is necessary to confirm the diagnosis , this may be impractical in elderly patients with cognitive impairment or functional dependence . Recently , the use of portable devices using the FEV1/FEV6 ratio have shown to be useful for assessing the presence of lung obstruction , with greater ease of use , but its usefulness has not been established in the elderly population with multiple morbidities . Methods A cross - sectional study was conducted on patients hospitalised in the complex chronic patients Unit of the University Hospital Mútua de Terrassa . All of them completed a questionnaire that included –among other things– measurements of functional dependence and cognitive impairment . Three manoeuvres validated with the Piko - 6 device were attempted before discharge , and considering an FEV1/FEV6 < 0 .75 as criteria for obstruction . An analysis was performed on the characteristics of the population that was able to perform the tests , as well as the prevalence of pulmonary obstruction . Results A total of 54 patients were included in the study , of which 35 ( 64 .81% ) performed the manoeuvres correctly . Patients who were unable to complete the manoeuvres of the Piko - 6 had more functional dependence ( Barthel 19 vs . 72 , _P_ < .0001 ) and cognitive impairment ( Pfeiffer 1 vs . 9 , _P_ < .0001 ; MEC 28/35 vs . 3/35 , _P_ < .010 ) . The prevalence of obstruction was 71 .43% , with an underdiagnosis of 72% . Conclusions The FEV1/FEV6 ratio was not determined in 35 .18% of the patients due to cognitive impairment or functional dependence . The prevalence of obstruction and underdiagnosis exceeded 70% .

cognitive impairment functional dependence functional dependence cognitive impairment functional dependence cognitive impairment cognitive impairment functional dependence

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Alzheimer's disease is the most common cause of dementia in the elderly population . Currently , there are no effective treatments to prevent or delay the natural course of the disease . Numerous studies have provided information about the molecular processes underlying biological ageing and , perhaps more importantly , potential interventions to slow ageing and promote healthy longevity in laboratory model systems . The main issue addressed in this review is whether an intervention that has anti - ageing properties can alter the appearance and/or progression of Alzheimer's disease , a disease in which age is the biggest risk factor . Different anti - ageing interventions have been shown to prevent ( and in some cases possibly restore ) several parameters recognised as central symptoms to the development of Alzheimer's disease . In addition , they are taking the first steps towards translating these laboratory discoveries into clinical applications .

dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Diogenes syndrome is a behavioural disorder of the elderly . Symptoms include social isolation , domestic squalor , hoarding rubbish , self - neglect , and refusing external help . According to the literature , approximately half of the patients with this syndrome have a mental disorder . We report 3 cases of Diogenes syndrome representing 3 different clinical forms : the primary type , associated with a personality disorder , the secondary type due to dementia , and the secondary type associated with different mental disorders ( e .g . , schizophrenia , obsessive - compulsive disorder , alcohol dependence ) .

behavioural disorder mental disorder personality disorder dementia mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Objective To understand caregivers’ experience of rest . Method We performed a qualitative study guided by grounded theory procedures . This study forms part of a wider study about burden relief in vulnerable situations . Seventeen women family caregivers of patients with advanced dementia were purposely sampled . Data were collected with 17 semi - structured interviews and were analyzed following grounded theory procedures . Results Caregivers did not rest as previously , with rest being incomplete and depending on the well - being of the sick relative . In this study , tranquillity emerged as the central element of this new experience of rest . Rest was perceived as an interpreted experience involving organizational and emotional effort . Caregivers created and negotiated conditions that would provide the tranquillity to be able to rest . Conclusions The present study provides greater insight into the experience of relief from the burden of care and highlights the moral connotation present in family care . Identifying how caregivers rest and what subjectively enables them to do so will not only help healthcare professionals to support and promote rest , but will also help to avoid blaming caregivers for not being able or wanting to rest . Support services should bear in mind the change that has taken place in the experience of relief in caregivers’ lives .

advanced dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses are a group of inherited autosomal recessive lysosomal diseases , most commonly found in infancy . These are neuropathologically characterised by accumulation of an autofluorescent lipopigment in neurons and other cells . This condition is clinically characterised by loss of motor and cognitive skills , lack of motor coordination , ataxia , progressive visual impairment , behavioural changes ; seizures of difficult to manage seizures , particularly myoclonic , and premature death . Ten clinical forms have been described , one of which is late infantile where clinical signs begin between two and four years . The gene responsible for this disease is located at 11p15 locus , and the enzyme encoded by this gene is the tripeptidyl peptidase 1 . Patients and methods We standardised the technique for the enzymatic diagnosis of late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses from dried blood on filter paper card in 76 healthy individuals adults and children in order to establish a normal range in the Venezuelan population . The tripeptidyl peptidase activity was also determined in 9 patients with a clinical diagnosis of late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses . Results Six of the samples showed activity lower than the lowest control value ( 0 .11 to 0 .45 nmol/spot ) from healthy controls of infantile age , confirming the enzymatic diagnosis . Three of the 14 parent samples analysed showed values in the heterozygote ranges . Conclusions The enzymatic diagnosis of late infantile neuronal ceroid lipofuscinoses from dried blood on filter paper card is a rapid , easier , less expensive and accurate molecular diagnosis tool .

loss of motor and cognitive skills ataxia progressive visual impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Osteogenesis Imperfecta ( OI ) is a genetic disease , in which the main clinical features are increased bone fragility , pathological fractures , blue sclera , dentinogenesis imperfecta and conductive or mixed hearing loss . Clinical variability is wide . Although there is no curative treatment , there are several therapeutic tools capable of improving the course of the condition and patient quality of life . Patients and methods Sixty - five children seen in a Paediatric Hospital during six months in 2007 were evaluated . Results Thirty - five were type I OI , and thirty were types III–IV . Median age was 7 .8 years ( range 1 .9–19 .2 ) ; mean length of follow up was 4 .7 years . The majority of children attended regular school for their corresponding age . Mean height was −1 .4 sDS and −5 .64 sDS in types I and III–IV respectively . Nineteen percent of patients were overweight and 11% were obese . Mean age at first orthopaedic surgery inserting telescopic rods was 6 .5 years . Scoliosis was present in 44 .6% of patients and was directly related to severity . Bleck′s motor scale showed that 93% of patients with mild forms and 29% of severe forms had a sustainable walking ability . A wheelchair was used by 25% of patients . Family inheritance was confirmed in 65% of cases . Conclusions Integral care using a multidisciplinary approach is required due to the complexity and clinical variability of the condition .

conductive or mixed hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Psychiatric comorbidity affects the impact , the prognosis and the management of depression . Aims To determine the prevalence of other common mental disorders in patients with major depression and to analyse their associated comorbidities . Design Two - stage cross - sectional study : _a ) _ screening ( Zung's Self - Rating Depression Scale ) ; _b ) _ a standardised psychiatric interview . Settings Ten health centres in the province of Tarragona . Patients A total of 906 consecutive patients were screened . In the second stage , the 209 patients who gave a positive result and 97 patients who gave a negative result ( 1/7 at random ) were evaluated . Analysis The statistical analysis used weights that took into account the two - stage sampling . The frequency with which dysthymia , generalised anxiety disorder , panic disorder and somatisation disorder presented concomitantly with major depression was determined . The characteristics of the depressed patients were compared for different degrees of comorbidity . Results In 45 .7% ( 95% CI , 32 .8–59 .2 ) of patients with major depression there was one other coexisting mental disorder , in 19 .9% ( 95% CI , 13 .7–27 .9 ) two more mental disorders and in 8 .3% ( 95% CI , 4 .5–14 .8 ) three more mental disorders . Generalised anxiety disorder was present in 55 .2% of depressed patients ( 95% CI , 41 .6–68 ) , panic disorder in 33 .8% ( 95% CI , 21 .1–47 .1 ) , dysthymia in 15 .7% ( 95% CI , 10 .3–23 .4 ) and somatisation disorder in 6 .6% ( 95% CI , 3 .3 - 12 .8 ) . In the groups of patients with comorbidity , the depression was more severe and had a greater functional impact . There were no differences in the clinical management variables . Conclusions Psychiatric comorbidity of depression is common in primary care . Most depressed patients suffer from other disorders , often anxiety .

common mental disorders mental disorder mental disorders mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the auditory hallucinatory experience in a clinical sample of patients with psychiatric symptoms ( e .g . Schizophrenia ) , a religious group ( eg . Christians ) and a “control” group ( with no mental disorder and non - religious ) . The sample consisted of individuals of both sexes . The patient sample was recruited in two psychiatric hospitals of Buenos Aires City , the religious from an evangelical cult , and people with no religious beliefs or previous psychiatric symptoms ( control group ) . The Hallucinatory Experiences Questionnaire and the Oxford - Liverpool Inventory Feelings and Experiences were the measurement tools used . The White Christmas Test was also administered in order to assess the degree of vivid imagery hearing based on a version of signal detection paradigm in which the subjects think that they hear a song in the background of white noise . The results showed that patients showed greater attributional bias ( compared with evangelicals and the control group ) , but the religious group also tended to show greater bias ( although less ) than the control group . In addition , patients tended to show greater schizotypal and hallucinatory experiences compared with the evangelicals and the control group , but surprisingly , the control group showed higher negative schizotypy than the religious group , which indicates that religious practices could help reduce the negative effects of schizotypy .

mental disorder

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction . Suicide is a major public health problem worldwide , and an approach is necessary due to its high potential for prevention . This paper examines the main characteristics of people admitted to hospitals in the Community of Madrid ( Spain ) with suicidal behaviour , and the factors associated with their hospital mortality . Material and methods . A study was conducted on patients with E950 - E959 codes of suicide and self - inflicted injuries of the International Classification of Diseases , Ninth Revision , Clinical Modification , contained in any diagnostic field of the minimum basic data set at hospital discharge between 2003 and 2013 . Sociodemographic , clinical and health care variables were assessed by uni - and multivariate logistic regression analysis in the evaluation of factors associated with hospital mortality . Results . Hospital suicidal behaviour predominates in women ( 58 .7% ) and in middle - age . Hospital mortality is 2 .2% ( 1 .6% in women and 3 .2% in men ) , increasing with age . Mental disorders are detected 3 - 4 times more in secondary diagnoses . The main primary diagnosis ( >74% ) is poisoning with substances , with lower mortality ( ∼1% ) than injury by hanging and jumping from high places ( ≥12% ) , which have the highest numbers . Other factors associated with increased mortality include different medical comorbidities and severity of the injury , while length of stay and mental disorders are protective factors . Type of hospital , poisoning , and Charlson index are associated differently with mortality in men and women . Conclusions . Hospitalised suicidal acts show a low mortality , mainly related to comorbidities and the severity of injuries .

Mental disorders mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Objectives The Hospital Clínico San Carlos Committee against violence established a protocol in 2012 in order to detect and follow - up violence against elderly persons . This article presents the experience after 3years of its introduction , as well as an analysis comparing the differences between those younger and older than 65years of age . Material and methods All cases were collected during years 2013 , 2014 , and 2015 , and were divided into two groups , A and B , according to age , younger or older than 65years . Parameters studied were : gender , place of detection ( emergency department , during hospital admission , or outpatient clinics ) , type of professional worker who detected each case ( social workers , nurses , or physicians ) , previous history of violence , type of aggression ( physical , psychological , financial ) , institutional procedures once aggression was confirmed , and deaths after one year of follow - up . The SPPS v .18 .0 package was used for the statistical analysis . Results A total of 172 cases were detected , of which 140 of them were included in groupA ( 65 years , 22 .8% ) . Gender : GroupA : women : 93 .5% . GroupB : women : 78 .1% ( P= .014 ) . Registration site : GroupA : emergency department : 90 .7% , hospital wards : 6 .4% , outpatient wards : 3 .0 . GroupB : emergency department : 65 .6% , hospital wards : 31 .6% , outpatient wards : 2 .8% ( P= .001 ) . Notification : GroupA : social worker : 25% , physician : 67 .8% , nurse : 6 .4% . GroupB : social worker : 65 .2% , physician : 28 .1% , nurse : 6 .2% ( P< .001 ) . Previous violence history : GroupA : 62 .1% . GroupB : 68 .7% . Type of abuse : GroupA : physical : 56 .4% , psychological : 2 .8% , physical +psychological : 30 .4% , physical +psychological +economic : 10 .1% . GroupB : physical : 31 .1% , psychological : 5 .1% , neglect : 18 .7% , physical +psychological : 10 .1 , physical +psychological +economic : 9 .8 , economic : 25 .1 ( P< .0001 ) . Resources employed and follow - up : Injuries : Group A : 63 .5% . Group B : 31 .2% ( P= .001 ) . Judicial protection measures : GroupA : 12 .8 . GroupB : 15 .6 ( P= .773 ) . Removal order : GroupA : 2 .1 . GroupB : 6 .25 ( P= .235 ) . More than one - third of patients in groupB , and none of the patients in groupA , died in the year of follow - up . Conclusions There are more problems detected in the Emergency Department . There is a history of previous violence in more than half of the cases in both age groups . The profile of the victim is an elderly woman with significant physical and cognitive impairment . Economic abuse and neglect are more frequent in the elderly population . In our series , more than one - third of elderly patients who are victims of ill - treatment die each year . The hospital registry is fundamental for the detection and follow - up of abuse in the elderly .

significant physical and cognitive impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Background Fragile X syndrome , the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability , is associated with a broad spectrum of disorders across different generations of a single family . This study reviews the clinical manifestations of fragile X - associated disorders as well as the spectrum of mutations of the fragile X mental retardation 1 gene ( _FMR1_ ) and the neurobiology of the fragile X mental retardation protein ( FMRP ) , and also provides an overview of the potential therapeutic targets and genetic counselling . Development This disorder is caused by expansion of the CGG repeat ( > 200 repeats ) in the 5 prime untranslated region of _FMR1_ , resulting in a deficit or absence of FMRP . FMRP is an RNA - binding protein that regulates the translation of several genes that are important in synaptic plasticity and dendritic maturation . It is believed that CGG repeat expansions in the premutation range ( 55 to 200 repeats ) elicit an increase in mRNA levels of _FMR1_ , which may cause neuronal toxicity . These changes manifest clinically as developmental problems such as autism and learning disabilities as well as neurodegenerative diseases including fragile X - associated tremor/ataxia syndrome ( FXTAS ) . Conclusions Advances in identifying the molecular basis of fragile X syndrome may help us understand the causes of neuropsychiatric disorders , and they will probably contribute to development of new and specific treatments .

intellectual disability autism learning disabilities neuropsychiatric disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea results from an abnormal communication between the subarachnoid space and tympanomastoid compartment ; most of them are of traumatic aetiology . They have clinical interest due to the potential risk of meningitis , directly related to the aetiology . Our aim was to show our experience in the management of this process . Methods A total of 17 patients diagnosed and treated for cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea from 2003 to 2011 . Results In our study , the highest percentage of cases was spontaneous cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea , with a wide clinical presentation . The diagnosis was based on the determination of beta - 2 - transferrin and radiological studies , especially important for its locator value . The treatment of choice was surgery . Conclusions Cerebrospinal fluid otorrhea is a rare entity in otorhinolaryngological pathology . Its diagnosis is suspected through otorrhea , hearing loss and aural fullness , while computed tomography and magnetic resonance help us to locate the defect . Surgery is the preferred technique , and its success is based on multilayer technology with 2 or more support materials .

hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Rett Syndrome ( RS ) is a neurological disorder that almost exclusively affects females . RS is characterized by severe mental retardation following a period of apparent normal development in early childhood . The main clinical features include autism , spasticity , microcephaly , scoliosis , stereotyping , abnormal respiratory control and seizures . Patients with RS have been reported to be extremely sensitive to sedatives and exhibit a slow recovery from anesthesia . We describe and discuss the anesthetic management of a 26 - year - old woman with RS and distal fracture of the humerus that underwent reduction and fixation with Kirschner'swires under regional anesthesia and sedation . Intraoperatively , the patient experienced respiratory depression following the administration of 1 mg of I .V . midazolam . Our experience in this case led us to conclude and suggest that benzodiazepines should not be used in RS and in the absence of contraindications the technique of choice should be regional anesthesia .

severe mental retardation autism

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Objectives To determine the outcomes of infants born at less than 29 weeks’ gestation , obstetric abnormalities , and the social and familial repercussions of this prematurity . Material and methods We retrospectively studied 28 infants , born at less than 29 weeks’ gestation , referred to the Early Healthcare Program of the Cantabrian Government between January 2002 and June 2006 . Results The main causes of prematurity in this group were chorioamnionitis , placental abruption , and preterm labor . Of the infants studied , 28 .57% had a disability . Severe mental retardation and cerebral palsy was found in 37% and moderate mental retardation in 24% . Bilateral hypacusis , respiratory alterations and mild mental retardation were found in the remainder . The main social repercussions were a change in family roles , negative economic effects , and heavy emotional burden . Conclusions A total of 28 .57% of the infants studied had a recognized disability . No predominant obstetric abnormality was identified . However , the social and familial repercussions were substantial .

Severe mental retardation cerebral palsy moderate mental retardation Bilateral hypacusis mild mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction The purpose of this study is to determine the opinion of professionals working in residential aged care facilities on the regulation of sexuality in these settings . Materials and methods Fifty - three professionals from five residential aged care facilities located in the metropolitan area of Barcelona answered several questions regarding the advisability of establishing measures for the regulation of sexuality in RACFs , the elements that could contribute to this , and the aspects that such regulations should consider . Results Around 50% of the participants recognized the advisability of having some type of measures for sexuality regulation in residential aged care facilities . According to their responses this should be developed taking into account professional opinions , but also the points of view of the residents and their relatives . The most frequently mentioned regulations were those that ensured that any kind of sexually charged situation occurred in a private environment . The development of strategies are suggested to distinguish those people with dementia that are competent to consent to sexual acts from those who are not . Conclusions The opinion of professionals working in RACFs regarding the advisability of establishing measures for sexuality regulation seems to be considerably divided . Thus , whilst around 50% of them recognize their potential usefulness , the other half consider them unnecessary or even counterproductive for the sexual freedom of residents . Associating regulation with prohibition and sexuality with sexual activity was not uncommon among the responses of the participants .

dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction and objective To determine the clinical and audiological behaviour per age group in Sjögren's Syndrome ( SS ) , considering that it is the second most frequent autoimmune rheumatic disease . Material and method The study included 29 patients with SS with clinical history and audiological studies . The design was prospective , descriptive and transversal . Results Average patient age was 41 years . All the patients with hearing loss in conventional tone audiometry were of the sensory type . At high frequencies , 66% of the patients did not respond at 20 KHz , and 48% at the frequency of 16 KHz . In logoaudiometry and impedancemetry , the results were the ones expected for the auditory thresholds . Conclusions Auditory damage related to SS is located in the inner ear . Patients must be informed by their physician of the risk of having auditory damage as a complication of the disease . Audiological evaluation must be performed periodically to identify possible audiological damage .

hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Background and objetive A broad spectrum of clinical disorders is produced by mutations in the DNA polymerase gamma mitochondrial ( _POLG_ ) gene which are associated with altered mitochondrial DNA ( mtDNA ) integrity . The majority of disorders characterized by multiple mtDNA deletions present with progressive external ophthalmoplegia , though this feature is not usually found in syndromes caused by mtDNA depletion . We report on a patient having the clinical triad of sensory ataxic neuropathy , dysarthria and ophthalmoplegia ( SANDO ) , _POLG_ mutations and reduced muscle mtDNA content . Patient and methods The patient presented with sensory ataxic neuropathy , dysarthria and ophthalmoplegia . Diagnosis was established by using histological and genetic procedures ( nerve biopsy , mtDNA molecular analysis in skeletal muscle and mutation screening in the _POLG_ gene ) . Results Sural nerve biopsy showed marked loss of large myelinated fibers . Skeletal muscle analysis revealed multiple mtDNA deletions , a marked decrease in mtDNA copy number and pathogenic mutations in the _POLG_ gene . Conclusions _POLG_ mutations must be considered in all patients with the cardinal findings of the SANDO phenotype , without taking into account the type of abnormalities encountered in the mitochondrial genome .

dysarthria dysarthria

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Attention - deficit - hyperactivity disorder ( ADHD ) is a common neuro - behavioural disorder with onset in childhood . These children have impaired emotional self - control , self - regulation of drive and motivation . Numerous studies have reported cognitive disabilities in memory , executive functions , spatial abilities and language skills . The main objective of this work is to determine whether a socio - emotional intervention programme could improve executive functions in children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder . The sample of this study consisted of 25 children ( 8 female and 17 male ) aged between 8 and 12 years , diagnosed with ADHD and who were not taking any psychopharmacological treatment at the time of the study , and had not taken medication previously . Executive functioning was assessed through the Zoo Map test and Tower of Hanoi puzzle in pre - /post - test design . A socio - emotional intervention programme was implemented . The training consisted of 8 one - hour weekly sessions , on an individual basis . Results indicate that such a programme does lead to improved performance in the execution of tasks that evaluate executive functions . After the intervention , the children took less time to resolve the Zoo Map test . Results for the Hanoi Tower puzzle were also improved after intervention . The children needed a lower number of movements to complete the task .

Attention - deficit - hyperactivity disorder ADHD cognitive disabilities in memory , executive functions , spatial abilities and language skills Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder ADHD

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract The elderly population is currently increasing . In this population there is a high incidence of cognitive decline and dementia , which has a negative influence on personal life and family functioning , as well as economic and healthcare repercussions . The present article aims to indicate possible predictors of cognitive decline with a view to predicting this situation and intervening before the cognitive impairment is unavoidable . Some predictors of cognitive impairment could be the following : age , sex , education , a family history of dementia , objective and subjective difficulties with memory , several medical problems ( hypertension and diabetes ) , sensory - motor difficulties , hypometabolism in some cerebral areas , reduced hippocampal size , carrying one or two apolipoprotein e4 alleles , a low score in cognitive tasks ( especially immediate and delayed recall ) , deficits in associative learning and naming , low cognitive plasticity , depression , a low literacy level , poor general cognitive functioning , low participation in social activities , low physical activity , lack of social support , the use of medication and , finally , sleep - related problems . All of these factors could be important in predicting cognitive decline in very old age .

cognitive decline dementia cognitive decline cognitive impairment cognitive impairment dementia sensory - motor difficulties cognitive decline

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Loneliness is a problem that affects a very high percentage of older people , and can lead to physical and/or mental illness . This article aims to present a systematic review of programs to combat loneliness directed towards the institutionalised elderly . Experimental and quasi - experimental articles published between 2000 and 2016 were included in the review . An analysis was carried out on the quality of the methodological evidence of each of the articles . The programs analysed included animal - assisted , contacts with families through videoconferencing , gardening and/or horticulture workshops , reminiscence therapies , humour therapies , and cognitive interventions . The results show that intervention programs are effective to reduce the feeling of loneliness . The methodological limitations of the studies are discussed and future research is recommended .

physical and/or mental illness

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Parkinson's Disease diagnosis is supported in clinical criteria , it is frequently observed that the progression of PD varies among different individuals . Objective To evaluate the clinical progression in 100 PDp with more than five years of follow up in a Movement Disorders Section . Materials and methods We reviewed 100 Medical records of PDp with more than five years of follow - up . We analyzed the demographic characteristics , mean age to diagnosis , the latencies of progression to Hoehn and Yahr ( H&Y ) I to II , HY II to III , and III to IV . Time of onset of the hallucinations , falls , cognitive impairment and care needed for activities of daily living ( ADL ) , as milestones of advanced disease . Results We found similar interval times between the different H&Y stages . We observed a faster progression to cognitive impairment and needed of care in ADL in patients over 50 years old at the onset of PD _ ( P_ < .05 ) . Falls were the most frequent complaint found as an advanced disease's milestone ( 43% ) . Cognitive impairment , hallucinations and falls were associated to higher needs of care in ADL . Conclusions The progression of PD and the severity of parkinsonian signs and symptoms differ widely among patients . Falls , hallucinations and cognitive impairment were related to higher needs of care in ADL , suggesting they may be considered risk factors in the progression of the disease .

cognitive impairment cognitive impairment Cognitive impairment cognitive impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Poverty has been associated in some studies with poorer outcomes in mental problems and disorders . A circular relationship has been considered in which poverty fosters the appearance of mental illness and this facilitates greater poverty . There are no studies in Colombia on this subject . Objective To describe the association between mental problems and disorders and poverty according to the Multidimensional Poverty Index ( MPI ) in Colombia . Material and methods Using the 2015 National Mental Health Survey , adjusted with the expansion factors for the population . The prevalences of mental problems and disorders obtained through semi - structured interviews employing the instruments SRQ - 20 , AUDIT C and A , modified PCL , familiar APGAR and CIDI CAPI . The poverty status was determined by the MPI . Results A total of 13 , 200 households were interviewed , of which 13 .5% were classified as in a poverty condition , 6 .3% of the adolescents of poor households reported a life - time prevalence of any mental disorder , and 4 .6% in the last 12 months . On the other hand , the prevalences for the same age group not in a poverty condition were 7 .2% and 3 .3% , respectively . For adults in poverty , the prevalence of life - time mental disorders were 9 .2% , with 4 .3% in the last year , while those not considered poor showed prevalences of 9 .1% and 3 .9% for the same time periods . Conclusions For the population of Colombia , there is a relationship between not being able to access the basic basket of goods and the presence of mental diseases , although there does not seems to be an association between an increase in poverty and the deterioration of mental health .

mental problems and disorders mental illness mental problems and disorders mental disorder mental disorders mental diseases

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Different studies show that mental retardation affects 1 - 3 % of the population , and in about 50 % of the cases the aetiology is unknown . The uncertainty on the aetiology , and recurrence , means that prevention of mental retardation can have serious , therapeutic , social , and even economic repercussions . The key is to obtain an accurate diagnosis , proving a clinical hypothesis by the accomplishment of the most suitable genetic tests . Due to the increasing development of the technology in the field of the genetics , and the availability of new tests , this article reviews the criteria established in the practice guidelines from different scientific societies ( paediatric , neurological and genetic ) with respect to their use in diagnosis and integrates them from the point of view of their use in mental retardation and developmental delay .

mental retardation mental retardation mental retardation developmental delay

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction The relationship between mental disorder and burns is complex . Mental disorders may predispose to burns and burns can facilitate the development of mental disorders . Method Case report and literature review . Results We present four cases of women with self - inflicted burns and psychotic symptoms . The average age of these women was 39 .2 years . Burns were caused by flames in 100% of the cases and 27 .2% of the total body surface was burned . Three of the patients ( 75% ) had a bipolar disorder with mixed symptoms and in 50 of the patients the mental illness debuted with the self - inflicted burns . Conclusions Basic psychopathology that may explain the occurrence of the injury and could hamper the process of recovery and rehabilitation should be explored in all burned patients .

mental disorder Mental disorders mental disorders mental illness

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract An hemorheological study on whole blood filterability ( wbf ) was done in eleven patients bearing of sudden deafness , in a continuous way , even before clinical onset . This evaluation is making usually in animal models , but not in humans . Independently of clinical diagnosis of each patient ( two cases of diabetes mellitus , one of ulcerative colitis , systemic lupus erythematosus , systemic hypertension , after blood transfusion , sepsis with disseminated intravascular coagulation , upper respiratory ways infection , after surgery , and two healthy individuals ) , all of them showed a decresed wbf when hearing loss appeared ( from 19 , 97±1 , 15 ?l/sec to 16 , 87±1 , 21 ?l/sec ) . This value normalized at six or seven days from the onset in cases with some kind of hearing recovery ( 18 , 83±1 , 01 ?l/sec , n=4 ) , but did not in those with no improvement even at thirty days ( 17 , 39±0 , 77 ?l/sec , n=7 ) . There were differences in wbf values of patients with and without hearing recovery in determinations at seven and thirty days from onset . Decrease in wbf accompanies this hearing disorder and confirms the cochlear microcirculation susceptibility to the impairment of blood viscoelastic properties .

sudden deafness hearing loss hearing disorder

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Background Cardiovascular and metabolic monitoring of patients on antipsychotic medication is essential . This becomes more important in those of paediatric age , as they are more vulnerable , and also because prescriptions of this kind of drugs are still increasing . Aim To evaluate the monitoring of cardiovascular and metabolic risk factors in a group of children and young people on antipsychotic medication . Method A descriptive cross - sectional study was conducted in which a group of 220 patients aged 8 - 17 years , diagnosed with a mental disorder and on antipsychotic treatment . They were compared to a control group of 199 asthmatic patients not exposed to antipsychotic drugs . Data was extracted from the computerised clinical history ECAP in 2013 . Results The mean age of the children was 12 years ( 8 - 17 ) . Risperidone ( 67% ) was the most frequent treatment . The recording of Body Mass Index ( BMI ) and blood pressure ( AP ) was 50% in Mental Disorder ( MD ) patients . A higher number of cardiovascular monitoring physical parameters ( weight , height , BMI and BP ) were observed in the MD group compared to the control Asthma control group . Altogether , more physical parameters than biochemistry parameters were recorded . Conclusions This study shows that the recording of cardiovascular parameters and metabolic studies needs to be improved in children and adolescents on treatment with antipsychotics .

mental disorder Mental Disorder MD MD

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Comorbidity studies of frequency of OCD or OCD symptoms and schizophrenia show very high variability . The presence of these symptoms in schizophrenia has been related to factors like severity of disease . The objective of this study is to estimate the frequency of obsessive - compulsive symptoms in patients having schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder and to evaluate its relationship with clinical characteristics . Results A total of 222 patients have been evaluated using SANS , SAPS , BPRS , EMUN and Zung scales and the Y - BOCS Symptom Checklist . No cases of OCD have been found . The frequency of OCD symptoms was 4 .5% ( 95% CI 2 .2% 8 .1% ) . OCD symptoms were associated with social and cognitive impairment . Conclusions OCD and OCD symptoms represent distinct dimensions in schizophrenic patients . Its presence in different stages of the disease could indicate impairment or protection against more disruptive signs of psychosis .

social and cognitive impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Deafblindness is a disability resulting from the combination of visual and auditory sensory impairments , which can manifest in different levels causing special communication problems . Deafblind people have special needs that derive from difficulties in sensing , understanding , attention and a lack of the skills required to function effectively in society . Deafblindness requires specialised services , personnel specifically trained in its care and special methods for communication . Objective The main objective of this study is to explore the experiences of deafblind people in relation to health care throughout their lives . This study was developed at the St . Ángela de la Cruz Centre , belonging to the Association of Parents of Deafblind People in Spain . Method Phenomenological qualitative study , through semi - structured interviews with deafblind people at the St . Ángela de la Cruz Centre , Salteras ( Seville ) , carried out in 2015 , with the help of interpreters in Spanish sign language . Topics covered in the interviews refer to facilities , human resources , time waiting and health care . Results Coinciding statements were obtained , where the participants point out architectural and educational barriers in health care and stand out better if the professionals know sign language . Conclusions It can be highlighted that healthcare professionals lack knowledge of all aspects of deafblindness , sign language in particular , and there is a shortage of signs and information for the deafblind . Moreover , alternatives are required to reduce waiting times and improve direct communication with health professionals .

Deafblindness visual and auditory sensory impairments special communication problems Deafblind difficulties in sensing , understanding , attention lack of the skills required to function effectively in society Deafblindness deafblind deafblind deafblindness deafblind

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Lesch - Nyhan disease is a rare genetic disease characterized by a deficiency in the function of the enzyme hypoxanthine - guanine phosphoribosyltransferase ( HGPRT ) . Patients affected by this disease experience hyperuricemia , motor disorders , mental retardation and , in the most severe cases , self - mutilation . Its clinical manifestations depend on the enzymatic activity of HGPRT , which is classically linked to the type of alteration in the HGPRT gene . More than 400 mutations of this gene have been found . At present , one of the controversial aspects of the disease is the relationship between the genotype and phenotype ; cases have been described lacking a mutation , such as the patient presented in this article , as well as families who despite sharing the same genetic defect show disorders with differing severity . Epigenetic processes , which modify the genetic expression without changing the sequence of the deoxyribonucleic acid ( DNA ) , could explain the clinical variability observed in this disease .

motor disorders mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Summary The on finishing their compulsory education ( 16 - 18 years ) the prelocutive profoundly deaf , as a general rule , do not get over ther corresponding level of normal hearing 10 years olds . Only a limited number of them can go on to higher studies . So as to know the personal characteristics and the reading level of the really deaf who go on to higher studies , a group of 15 from different faculties of Valencia University has been examined , these suffer hearing losses of different tipes . They have been compared to is normal hearing university students and to a group of 7 deaf people who wanted to get into university but were not able to . The results show the educational success of the deaf university students needs a high level of reading comprehension , and confirms the narrow relationship that there is between knowing the oral language and the reading comprehension language .

prelocutive profoundly deaf deaf hearing losses deaf deaf

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Despite its high prevalence , mental disorders are often underdiagnosed . Objective . To determine the magnitude of the underdiagnosis mental disorders and its associated characteristics . Methodology . A descriptive cross - sectional study performed in Lanzarote ( 2011 ) on 310 patients selected by cluster random sampling . A self - completed questionnaire was used that contained the General Health Questionnaire - 28 , as well as structured interview using the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview to confirm the diagnosis of mental disorder . The current diagnosis registered in the DRAGO - AP electronic medical record was also recorded . Results . Of the 75 patients detected with the interview , 14 ( 18 .67% ) had a diagnosis recorded in the medical record ( sensitivity=0 .19 ; IC 95% CI ; 0 .09 - 28 ) . The positive predictive value of being in the medical record was 0 .56 . With respect to sensitivity , only the “number of visits made to the health centre in the last 3 months” was significantly higher in the group of patients also with a diagnosis of any mental disorder in the medical record ( 5 vs . 2 .77 ; p= .002 ) . Conclusions . There is an important underdiagnosis of the mental disorders in our environment . More visits to the health centre are associated with this diagnosis .

mental disorders mental disorders mental disorder mental disorder mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract This is a case report of a papillary thyroid carcinoma metastatic to the parapharyngeal space , that presented with local obstructive symptoms ( dysphagia and displacement of the ipsilateral tonsil ) . The diagnosis was suspected by imaging studies ( CT and MRI ) but not confirmed until histological examination . It is not common for such tumors to metastasize to the parapharyngeal space . This is the reason why , to our knowledge , there have been described only five similar cases previously .

dysphagia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Mitochondrial cytopathies are unusual diseases of which there are more than 50 variations . Their common pathophysiology involves a mitochondrial energy metabolism malfunction . Muscular and brain tissue are particularly affected due to their high oxidative metabolism , hence they are usually identified as «encephalomyopathies» . Case report A 28 year old woman , who , at the age of 20 , presented with a gait disorder and drooping upper eye - lid , was diagnosed with Kearns - Sayre syndrome . After an anxious - depressive episode , she was followed up in the Outpatients of a Mental Health Centre with psychiatric and psychological treatment . Methods Neuropsychological assessments were made to explore the cognitive state . We applied the Wechsler Adults Intelligence Scale ( WAIS - III ) , the Revised Barcelona Test and the Wisconsin Card Sorting . Results General cognitive impairment was found in all the tests administered . Specific cognitive impairments were also found which fitted in with those found in previous studies . Discussion This case report emphasizes the increasing importance of neuropsychological assessment in neurological syndromes with cognitive impairments and psychiatric disturbances . It allows us to objectify the overall level of cognitive impairment and to establish a correlation between the deficits and the brain areas involved . The neuropsychological profile is very useful in future rehabilitation programs , focusing on stimulation and recovery of the affected cognitive areas . We discussed also her relationship with mood disorders .

gait disorder General cognitive impairment Specific cognitive impairments cognitive impairments psychiatric disturbances cognitive impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Some treatments are inappropriate for patients with cognitive decline . We analyse their use in 500 patients and present a literature review . Development Benzodiazepines produce dependence , and reduce attention , memory , and motor ability . They can cause disinhibition or aggressive behaviour , facilitate the appearance of delirium , and increase accident and mortality rates in people older than 60 . In subjects over 65 , low systolic blood pressure is associated with cognitive decline . Maintaining this figure between 130 and 140 mmHg ( 145 in patients older than 80 ) is recommended . Hypocholesterolaemia < 160 mg/dL is associated with increased morbidity and mortality , aggressiveness , and suicide ; high - density lipoprotein ( HDL ) - cholesterol < 40 mg/dL is associated with memory loss and increased vascular and mortality risks . Old age is a predisposing factor for developing cognitive disorders or delirium when taking opioids . The risks of prescribing anticholinesterases and memantine to patients with non - Alzheimer dementia that is not associated with Parkinson disease , mild cognitive impairment , or psychiatric disorders probably outweigh the benefits . Anticholinergic drugs acting preferentially on the peripheral system can also induce cognitive side effects . Practitioners should be aware of steroid - induced dementia and steroid - induced psychosis , and know that risk of delirium increases with polypharmacy . Of 500 patients with cognitive impairment , 70 .4% were on multiple medications and 42% were taking benzodiazepines . Both conditions were present in 74 .3% of all suspected iatrogenic cases . Conclusions Polypharmacy should be avoided , if it is not essential , especially in elderly patients and those with cognitive impairment . Benzodiazepines , opioids and anticholinergics often elicit cognitive and behavioural disorders . Moreover , systolic blood pressure must be kept above 130 mmHg , total cholesterol levels over 160 mg/dL , and HDL - cholesterol over 40 mg/dL in this population .

cognitive decline cognitive decline memory loss cognitive disorders non - Alzheimer dementia mild cognitive impairment psychiatric disorders steroid - induced dementia cognitive impairment cognitive impairment cognitive and behavioural disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction . Parkinson's disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterised by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta , which results in a significant decrease in dopamine levels and consequent functional motor impairment . Development . Although its aetiology is not fully understood , several pathogenic mechanisms , including oxidative stress , have been proposed . Current therapeutic approaches are based on dopamine replacement drugs ; these agents , however , are not able to stop or even slow disease progression . Novel therapeutic approaches aimed at acting on the pathways leading to neuronal dysfunction and death are under investigation . Conclusions . In recent years , such natural molecules as polyphenols , alkaloids , and saponins have been shown to have a neuroprotective effect due to their antioxidant and anti - inflammatory properties . The aim of our review is to analyse the most relevant studies worldwide addressing the benefits of some phytochemicals used in in vitro models of Parkinson's disease .

functional motor impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction The impact of Parkinson's Disease ( PD ) on patients and their caregivers severely affects their quality of life . There is no curative treatment . Treatment is aimed at symptomatic control . Comprehensive care is required to improve their quality of life and achieve maximum independence . Objectives To describe the experience in the surgical treatment for PD at the Albacete University Hospital ( Spain ) 2007–2010 , to assess the quality of life of the patient with PD after brain stimulation , and to determine the level of patient satisfaction . Material and method Longitudinal observational descriptive study , collecting demographic data , age at onset , years of evolution , quality of life before and after surgical treatment , level of satisfaction , post - surgical complications and clinical evolution , using the PDQ - 39 questionnaire , a satisfaction questionnaire , a review of clinical records and an interview with the neuro - surgical team . Results A total of 13 patients received surgical treatment . A total of 90 .9% of patients were satisfied after the surgery , and 81 .9% with their quality of life . There was a notable improvement in mobility , AVD and emotional well - being , but was worse in the assessment as regards the social support they receive and with cognitive impairment and communication . Conclusions A clinical improvement was achieved in patients with surgical treatment , including reducing motor symptoms , dyskinesias and fluctuations , by facilitating the performing of activities of daily life ( ADL ) and improving their quality of life . Patient are satisfied with their quality of life , but the need to enhance the psychosocial support they receive is detected .

cognitive impairment and communication dyskinesias

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction . Transthyretin - related familial amyloid polyneuropathy ( TTR - FAP ) typically arises as an autonomic neuropathy primarily affecting small fibres and it occurs in adult patients in their second or third decades of life . It progresses rapidly and can lead to death in approximately 10 years . Other phenotypes have been described in non - endemic areas . Objectives and methods . We described 4 cases from the Spanish province of Guipuzcoa , a non - endemic area , to highlight the clinical variability of this disease . Patients and results . Three patients presented a late - onset form manifesting after the age of 50 , featuring a predominantly motor polyneuropathy initially causing distal impairment of the lower limbs followed by the upper limbs . One patient suffered severe neuropathic pain . None showed signs of autonomic involvement . The fourth patient , of Portuguese descent , presented a typical form with onset in her thirties , neuropathic pain and dysautonomia . All patients carry the Val50Met mutation in the TTR gene . Conclusion . FAP is a pleomorphic disease even in patients carrying the same mutation . In non - endemic areas , its main form of presentation may resemble a predominantly motor polyneuropathy developing in the sixth decade of life with no signs of dysautonomia . Given this non - specific presentation and the widely available technical means of studying the TTR gene , we believe that the protocol for the aetiological diagnosis of any polyneuropathy should include genetic sequencing of TTR .

dysautonomia dysautonomia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Background and objective . Dual diagnosis is the coexistence of an addictive disorder and another mental disorder . The objective is to estimate cravings and self - reported quality of life in a sample of patients with alcoholic dependence , with or without dual pathology , who attend an outpatient treatment centre . Patients and method . A cross - sectional study of 112 patients ( 56 dual and 56 non - dual ) , diagnosed with alcohol dependence according to DSM - IV - TR . The presence of cravings is determined by the Multidimensional Alcohol Craving Scale and quality of life through the SF - 36 Health Questionnaire . Results . There are no statistically significant differences in cravings in either subgroup ; the latter tend to refer to lower alcohol cravings than non - dual patients . The dual patients have a worse quality of life in all categories evaluated , highlighting a worse quality of life in the categories : social function , emotional role , vitality and general health . Females present a lower quality of life emphasising those of social function and emotional role . No differences were detected in relation to cravings between the 2 groups . Conclusions . In order to perform a correct clinical and therapeutic approach for patients with alcohol dependence , we should consider focusing on the evaluation of cravings and quality of life . In order to perform a correct clinical and therapeutic approach for patients with alcohol dependence , it is necessary to consider cravings and quality of life , since these parameters are important for the evaluation of patients with alcohol dependence .

mental disorder

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction Medically unexplained symptoms are defined as physical symptoms that have been present for several weeks and that an adequate medical evaluation has not revealed any disease that explains them ; when these symptoms become persistent , they lead to comprehensive clinical investigations and multiple interventions . These patients have a greater or at least comparable commitment to physical functioning , mental health , and negative health perception than patients with multiple chronic medical conditions ; have significantly more stressful life events ( psychological , physical and/or sexual abuse ) and are more likely to meet diagnostic criteria for anxiety and depression . Objective To characterize sociodemographic and psychiatric characteristics of a group of patients identified in primary care with medically unexplained symptoms . Methodology A descriptive , cross - sectional study with patients from 18 to 70 years old who were given PHQ - 15 , PHQ - 9 and PHQ for anxiety , and a survey designed for the study . Results 36 patients were analysed , 94 .4% women , median age 45 [RIC , 20] years - old , 33 .3% married , 91 .7% had children . 55% had severe functional somatic symptoms , 77 .8% had one or more functional somatic disorders , and 77 .7% had clinically relevant affective or anxiety symptoms . 25% of the patients reported a history of child abuse , 41 .7% were mistreated by a partner , and 41 .6% were victims of the Colombian armed conflict . Conclusions The main finding of this study was that 8 out of 10 patients met criteria for a functional somatic disorder with great symptomatic severity and three out of ten patients met criteria for two functional disorders , most of these patients without other basic medical diseases . In addition , we found a high prevalence of exposure to different types of violence that these patients have been subjected to throughout their life .

functional somatic disorders functional somatic disorder with great symptomatic severity functional disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the results of transient evoked otoacoustic emissions ( Teoae ) as screening test for hearing impairment in newborn infants . We examined 9 .951 of 11 .405 infants born in our city from January 1st , ( 1995 ) , to December 31st , ( 1998 ) . A Teoae test was performed prior to discharge and repeated one week later in cases who failed the first Teoae . In case of suspected hearing loss auditory brainstem response ( Abr ) was performed 3 months later . Hearing loss was defined as Abr threshold >20 Db . 157 infants ( 1 , 5% ) were identified with hearing loss . Screening with Teoae was sufficiently sensitive in identification of congenital hearing impairment and the efficacy increased with the experience .

hearing impairment hearing loss Hearing loss hearing loss congenital hearing impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract A 77 - year old man who consulted due to left arm weakness and dysarthria . He reported having been diagnosed of high blood pressure and that he was taking enalapril/hydrochlorothiazide without adequate blood pressure control . He had smoked 2 packs of cigarettes a day and continues to smoke at present . He was admitted to the emergency service about 90 min after the onset of his symptoms . He did not report headache , nausea or vomiting . His BP was 182/104 mmHg , with irregular pulse at 88 beats per minute . The neurological examination revealed dysarthria , left homonymous hemianopsia , muscle weakness and hypoesthesia of the left limbs . How should this patient be evaluated and treated?

dysarthria dysarthria

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction Numerous tests have been developed to help in the diagnosis of the immunomediated inner ear disease ( IMIED ) , although their usefulness is still the subject of some dispute . Material and method Studies of cohorts of patients with suspected IMIED have been reviewed . A number of different serological tests were carried out and their response to immunosuppressive therapy was noted . Results After reviewing 790 articles , the studies analyzed present great heterogeneity in the clinical characteristics of the patients recruited ( sudden deafness , fluctuating and rapidly progressive hearing loss , Menière's disease ) , the inclusion and exclusion criteria , the delay between the diagnosis and the start of medical treatment or the response criteria . Conclusions The diagnosis of IMIED is based on clinical presentation and response to corticosteroids . At present no test represents the gold standard in the diagnosis of IMIED . Serologic tests can support the diagnosis , but a methodologically more rigorous approach is needed to identify the true clinical importance of these tests for daily practice .

sudden deafness fluctuating and rapidly progressive hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction and objectives Behçet's disease ( BD ) is a systemic immune - mediated vasculitis of unknown origin characterised by recurrent orogenital ulceration , ocular inflammation and skin lesions . The aim of our study was to identify ear , nose and throat ( ENT ) manifestations associated with BD . Patients and methods Retrospective review of the medical records of all patients diagnosed with BD who attended a tertiary public hospital in Cantabria ( Spain ) over a period of 22 years . Clinical manifestations , in particular those concerning ENT , were retrieved from medical records . A medical literature review of ENT manifestations was conducted . Results Thirty - three patients ( age range : 17–64 years ) were included in the study . Most of them presented oral ulcers ( 97% ) . Eight patients ( 24% ) presented oropharyngeal ulcers and 5 patients ( 15% ) experienced audiovestibular symptoms ( high frequency sensorineural hearing loss , vertigo and bilateral vestibular hypofunction ) . One patient had symptoms compatible with vestibular neuronitis as the presentation manifestation of Neuro - Behçet . In 4 patients ( 12% ) the presence of odynophagia secondary to the presence of oropharyngeal lesions , initially interpreted as acute or recurrent tonsillitis , was the first manifestation of the disease , alone or associated with cutaneous or ocular lesions . Conclusions In addition to the characteristic oral ulcers present in most patients with BD , ulcers in the oropharynx , occasionally interpreted as acute pharyngitis , are also common in these patients . Audiovestibular manifestations frequently appear during the course of the disease and may be the first symptom of central nervous system involvement .

sensorineural hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Summary Neurodegeneration associated with pantothenate kinase deficiency is an autosomal recessive condition caused by mutations in the pantothenate kinase 2 gene ( PANK2 ) . Clinical characteristics include progressive motor impairment and dementia . Medical treatment is limited and the dystonia tends to be refractory , making stereotactic surgery with placement of deep - brain electrodes an option that is being adopted with greater frequency in these patients . We report the case of a 32 - year - old woman with severe dystonia associated with PANK2 protein deficiency . The patient was scheduled for stereotactic bilateral placement of electrodes in the medial globus pallidus , guided by computed tomography and under general anesthesia , to treat the debilitating dystonia and generalized stiffness associated with her condition . Anesthesia was maintained with propofol , rocuronium and remifentanil in perfusion during the intervention , which was uneventful . After the procedure , the patient was transferred to the intensive care unit and sedation was provided with remifentanil to allow slow , gradual emergence from anesthesia . The patient was discharged from hospital after placement of the implanted pulse generator , and subsequent follow - up showed improvement of the dystonia .

progressive motor impairment dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Summary Evaluation of psychic disability is made by the team psychologists who conduct this intervention in the subjects having mental retardation or mental disorders . They consider the diagnosis and different grades of involvement in areas such as ability to carry out an autonomous life and to perform a work activity .

psychic disability mental retardation mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Communication disorders of children with autism spectrum disorders will probably follow them throughout life if they are not included in remediation and communication intervention programs . The aim of this research was to identify observed changes in the Functional Communicative Profile ( initiative , interaction , functions and means ) and in the Social Cognitive Performance ( vocal and gestural communicative intent , vocal and gestural imitation , tool use , combinatory and symbolic play ) after 6 months of language therapy . Subjects were 50 children and adolescents ( mean age 9 : 3y ) , with diagnosis within the autistic spectrum attributed by a child psychiatrist , enrolled in a specialized language therapy program at the University of Sao Paulo , Brazil . All subjects were filmed twice , with a six - month interval , after the first six - months of the therapy onset . Statistical analysis of data used non - parametric tests with a significance level of 0 .5% . Results showed that all subjects presented at least one progress index and that 96% of them presented progress in the Functional Communicative Profile . These results suggest that it is possible to identify objective improvement indexes after a relatively short period of language therapy with individuals of the autism spectrum . Objective information about therapeutic results may favor better integration of intervention procedures and therefore enhance the possibilities of further improvements .

Communication disorders autism spectrum disorders autistic spectrum autism spectrum

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Susac's syndrome is a rare disease , characterized by encephalopathy , sensorineural hearing loss and retinal artery occlusion . In this paper , we present the case of a woman who presented the complete triad , with typical features on Nuclear Magnetic Resonance images of the brain , and we review other cases reported in our country .

sensorineural hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract We report the case of a 67 - year - old male diagnosed with prostate adenocarcinoma , who referred dysphagia , dysphonia and noticed the appearance of a laterocervical mass . A CT scan revealed an osteolytic soft tissue neck lesion , which was resected . Its anatomical - pathological study was compatible with metastasis of prostate adenocarcinoma .

dysphagia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Amyloidosis is a term that involves a group of diseases characterised by deposition of extracellular monoclonal light - chain fibrillar immunoglobulin aggregates in the body , including many organs , with the larynx among them . A case is presented of a 78 year - old man who was referred to our institution for strangulated umbilical hernia treatment . He suffered from progressive hoarseness and dysphagia for 5months . He had a history of primary laryngeal amyloidosis . Awake intubation was performed successful with the King Vision® video - laryngoscopy . Sedation was achieved using a remifentanil infusion and midazolam . Haemorrhagic lesions are caused by deposition of amyloid in and around vessels , resulting in increased vascular fragility . Therefore , anaesthetists should take care in intubating the tracheas of these patients .

dysphagia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract —Pterygium inversum unguis is an uncommon anomaly of the distal part of the nail bed . It remains adherent to the ventral surface of the nail plate resulting in the extension of the hyponichium outside the usual limits and producing the obliteration of the distal cleft . This nail disorder may be congenital or acquired . The acquired secondary forms are the most common , usually related to conective tissue diseases . We report a 22 year - old girl with slight mental retardation who consulted complaining of a nail deformity on the first fingers of her hands . This deformity consisted of adherence of the distal part of the nail bed to the ventral surface of the nail plate showing the distal groove obliterated . It had arisen in the last five years . Patient denied trauma or use nail polish . Analysis performed to rule out associated systemic diseases were negative .

slight mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Objective To describe the socio - demographic and clinic characteristics and aspects related to information of non - oncological patients ( NOP ) with advanced disease , which are included in a palliative - home care support unit . To identify the variables that could be associated with the death of NOP at home . Material and method A retrospective descriptive study was performed by reviewing the clinical histories of NOP attended by a Palliative - home Care Support Unit during the period from November 2009 to March 2013 . An analysis was performed on the socio - demographic and clinical data of the patients and their main caregivers , as well as the analysed , diagnostic and prognostic information provided by the family and the patient , preferences about end of life care of both parties , and the place of death . The data analysis was performed with the computer pack SPSS® v . 21 . Results Of the 371 clinical histories reviewed , 249 patients met the inclusion criteria . The NOP represented the 36 .19% of the activity , with a mean age of 81 .4 years . The most common disease was dementia ( 22 .1% ) . More than two - thirds ( 67 .5% ) of the patients came from Primary Care and residential homes for the elderly . The main reason for referral was to control symptoms in 85 .5% , with the most frequent being asthenia , dyspnoea , and pain . A high comorbidity , geriatric symptoms , cognitive impairment was observed in 65% , and an important functional impairment ( mean Barthel Index of 21 .52 , and Palliative Performance Scale score of 38 .18 ) . The majority of main caregivers were women , and the patient's daughter , and the burden of caring was identified in 55 .4% . In the group without cognitive impairment , the diagnosis was known by 83% , and 30% knew the prognosis . Staying at home to receive end of life care was preferred by 95% , and 78% kept this preference for dying . Two - thirds ( 66% ) of all the patients died at home or in residential homes for the elderly . The statistical analysis of the possible factors associated with dying at home showed a significant odds ratio when the patient lived in rural areas , and preferred home as the place of death . Another factor is when the main caregiver does not suffer care burden and has a subjective perception of good health . Conclusions The predominance of NOP in end of life situations is characterised by advanced age , high comorbidity , increased symptomatic burden , significant overall functional impairment on admission , and high mortality . More than the half of the caregivers showed excessive burden of caring . In conclusion , they are patients with similar needs to those with advanced oncological disease . The high prevalence of cognitive impairment suggested that only half of the patients were able to participate in the information and in the advanced care planning .

dementia cognitive impairment important functional impairment cognitive impairment functional impairment cognitive impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction The objective of the EPICON Project is to develop a set of recommendations on how to adequately switch from carbamazepine ( CBZ ) and oxcarbazepine ( OXC ) to eslicarbazepine acetate ( ESL ) in some patients with epilepsy . Methods A steering committee drafted a questionnaire of 56 questions regarding the transition from CBZ or OXC to ESL in clinical practice ( methodology and change situation ) . The questionnaire was then distributed to 54 epilepsy experts in 2 rounds using the Delphi method . An agreement/disagreement consensus was defined when a median ≥ 7 points or ≤ 3 was achieved , respectively , and a relative interquartile range ≤ 0 .40 . We analysed the results obtained to reach our conclusions . Results Our main recommendations were the following : switching from CBZ to ESL must be carried out over a period of 1 to 3 weeks with a CBZ : ESL dose ratio of 1 : 1 .3 and is recommended for patients who frequently forget to take their medication , those who work rotating shifts , polymedicated patients , subjects with cognitive problems , severe osteoporosis–osteopaenia , dyslipidaemia , or liver disease other than acute liver failure , as well as for men with erectile dysfunction caused by CBZ . The transition from OXC to ESL can take place overnight with an OXC : ESL dose ratio of 1 : 1 and it is recommended for patients who frequently forget to take their medication , those who work rotating shifts , polymedicated patients , or those with cognitive problems . The transition was not recommended for patients with prior rash due to CBZ or OXC use . Conclusion The EPICON Project offers a set of recommendations about the clinical management of switching from CBZ or OXC to ESL , using the Delphi method .

cognitive problems cognitive problems

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Gastroesophageal reflux is a highly prevalent clinical entity consisting of the passage of gastric or duodenal contents into the esophagus in the absence of vomiting , belching , or any other situation that induces . It is caused by an imbalance between esophageal defensive factors ( antireflux barrier , esophageal clearance and tissue defense ) and aggressive factors ( the refluxed material , increased intragastric pressure and delayed emptying ) . Heartburn and regurgitation are the main symptoms but also may be other as dysphagia , chronic cough , chest pain , otolaryngology pathology and asthma . Clinical response to treatment with inhibitors of proton pump is a first step in the diagnostic process and may continue with the implementation of upper endoscopy and pH monitoring in selected cases . The key to treatment are the proton pump inhibitors , having shown that descending patterns ( high initial doses ) are the most cost - effective . Only a small percentage of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease need surgery and is usually limited to the occurrence of complications such as Barrett's esophagus , strictures and esophageal adenocarcinoma or failure of medical treatment .

dysphagia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Turner syndrome ( TS ) is the human being's most frequent sex chromosome abnormality . Progressive sensorineural hearing loss is documented in more than 50% of the women affected by this syndrome . Although Mondini defect is the cochlear congenital malformation most frequently identified in other polymalformative syndromes , it has rarely been reported in TS . We describe the case of a 32 - year - old woman with TS who presented progressive sensorineural hearing loss . The computed tomography of the ears showed bilateral Mondini deformity .

Progressive sensorineural hearing loss progressive sensorineural hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Basic emotions are biologically determined emotional states , their expression and recognition is universal and innate . Complex emotions arise from the combination of basic emotions and their recognition is achieved by means of Theory of Mind ( ToM ) . Objective To investigate the presence of alterations in facial recognition of basic emotions ( FRBE ) and its relation to the recognition of complex emotions in a group of patients with beheavioural variant of Frontotemporal Dementia ( bvFTD ) . Patients and methods Sixty pictures from the Pictures of Facial Affect set were selected based on Calder et al . ( 1996 ) selection and a three tests battery for FRBE was administrated . The test of complex emotions Reading the Mind in the Eyes ( RME ) was also administered . Subjects : A cohort of 14 patients diagnosed with bvFTD from Laboratorio de Deterioro Cognitivo - HIGA Eva Perón , and a control group for FRBE tasks . A multiple study of isolated cases was conducted . Results Significant differences between controls and patients were found for FRBE . RME showed correlations with the three tasks FRBE : Selection ( r : .570 , _P_ = .034 ) , Mating ( r : .600 , _P_ = .023 ) , and Naming ( r : .770 , _P_ = .001 ) . Double dissociations were observed between LMO and RFEB tasks . Conclusions The presence of group - level correlations could indicate that basic emotions are involved in the formation of secondary emotions . However , the presence of double dissociations between tasks could indicate that its execution involves partially independent processes .

beheavioural variant of Frontotemporal Dementia bvFTD bvFTD

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Primary progressive aphasia ( PPA ) is a clinical syndrome characterised by a progressive decline in language and speech of neurodegenerative origin . Major breakthroughs made in recent years have lent us a better understanding of this syndrome , which may be the first manifestation of any of a number of neurodegenerative diseases . Development We reviewed the main aspects of PPA epidemiology , clinical manifestations , diagnosis , aetiology and treatment . Most cases manifest sporadically and the typical age of onset is between 50 and 70 years . Three clinically distinct variants have been described : nonfluent or agrammatic PPA , semantic PPA and logopenic PPA . Each of these variants tends to be associated with specific histopathological findings , but clinical diagnostic methods are imperfect predictors of underlying pathology . Anatomical and functional neuroimaging can provide useful biomarkers . Several treatments have been proposed , and while no clear benefits have been demonstrated , acetylcholinesterase inhibitors may be useful , especially in the logopenic variant . Conclusions PPA is an emerging syndrome which may be more prevalent than we might expect . It was previously listed as part of the frontotemporal dementia spectrum , and it is also related to Alzheimer disease . Clinical diagnosis , complemented by a biomarker evaluation , may predict the underlying pathology , which in turn will improve treatment possibilities .

Primary progressive aphasia PPA progressive decline in language and speech of neurodegenerative origin PPA nonfluent or agrammatic PPA semantic PPA logopenic PPA frontotemporal dementia spectrum

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Antipsychotic drugs are widely used in the treatment of bipolar disorder due to their mood stabilizing , antimanic and antidepressant properties . Bipolar disorder has a high rate of comorbidity with other psychiatric disorders , in particular anxiety disorders , substance abuse , eating disorders , personality disorders and attention deficit disorder and hyperactivity . In this paper , a summary is provided of the various studies assessing antipsychotic efficacy when bipolar disorder presents another comorbid psychiatric disorder . In general , these drugs have proved useful for anxiety disorders ( in particular generalized anxiety disorder ) , alcohol consumption and borderline personality disorder . Drugs that have been studied more commonly within this population include olanzapine , risperidone , quetiapine and aripiprazole . This work is intended as a guide for clinicians , to provide stronger evidence for the antipsychotic in question at the time of treating comorbid bipolar disorder .

psychiatric disorders eating disorders personality disorders attention deficit disorder hyperactivity comorbid psychiatric disorder borderline personality disorder

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Colombia is experiencing an aging of its population . In Risaralda the population over 65 years of age by the year 2005 was 63 , 668 , according to projections by DANE for the year 2010 it was 73 , 510 . Students and faculty from different programs of the Technological University of Pereira , have been engaged in a variety of actions in order to encourage the participation of the elderly in welfare centers in physical , artistic , cultural , and social activities to improve their quality of life . Methods This quasi - experimental research evaluated the impact of these interventions on the quality of life of older adults in each of the protection centers by the application of the COOP/WONCA test . The exclusion criteria were : Having some kind of restriction that affected the quality of information provided or that completely prevented its communication ( memory problems or dementia ) . Only six people were excluded . Results We did a ranges test to assess quality of life before and after the interventions and obtained more negative ranges ( 47 ) than positive ones ( 26 ) . Conclusions According to these results there was an increase in the quality of life in the elderly which cannot be attributed to a particular intervention , but to the contact with other people .

memory problems dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction Retinophaty of prematurity ( ROP ) is a disease in which abnormal neovascularization develops in the retina and could be a cause of blindness . Objective To determine severe ROP prevalence . Material and methods In this retrospective , observational , descriptive , transverse study , we did a review of the clinical records of premature patients with < 34 weeks of gestation and a birth weight 1 , 750g if they have risk factors for ROP . From 2005 to 2014 , all the newborns were examined by a retinologist . ROP prevalence per year was determined , only the prevalence for severe ROP was compared because it requires treatment and has a high risk for blidness . Results One hundred forty - three newborns were included , 29 ( 20 .2% ) had severe ROP . When comparing for years there was a peak during 2005 , with a descend in the prevalence of severe ROP in 2014 , so in ten years there was a downward trend . Conclusions Severe ROP cumulated prevalence was 20 .2% , similar to that observed in other latinoamerican countries . The high prevalence observed from 2005 to 2009 , is explained because we examined patients refered from other institutions without screening programs for ROP . In 2010 we observed a descend in the prevalence , because only patient from our institution were included . From 2011 to 2014 we report none blind children with ROP .

blindness blidness blind

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction The emotional sphere and its relationships with sexual identity and awareness of disability in a person with Down syndrome ( DS ) . Case report 25 - year - old woman with DS who has a psychotic episode with delusions when a tubal ligation is being considered . The condition arises due to a conflict between sexuality and identity . Discussion People with Down's syndrome can undergo unharmonious development or remain anchored in previous evolutionary stages . This situation , together with difficulties to symbolise , can lead to psychotic mental disorders , as in this case .

psychotic mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Otosclerosis is a common cause of progressive hearing loss in the young adult population . Most of the time the diagnosis is suspected based on consistent clinical symptoms and physical examination . The role of imaging in this pathology consists of confirmation of doubtful cases , ruling out by differential diagnoses , level of affection , and the pre - postoperative evaluation of patients . High - resolution computed tomography of the temporal bone is the imaging method of choice .

progressive hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Background Little is published about the impact of the 2008 economic crisis on mental health services in Spain . Method An interrupted time series analysis was conducted to investigate a potential short - term association between the 2008 economic crisis and the number of psychiatric hospital admissions . The timing of the intervention ( April 2008 ) was based on observed changes in Gross Domestic Product ( GDP ) . Data on 1 , 152 , 880 psychiatric inpatients from the national Hospital Morbidity Survey , 69 months before and after the onset of the economic crisis ( April 2008 ) , were analyzed . Results Age - adjusted psychiatric ( ICD9 290 - 319 ) hospital discharge rates significantly increased from April 2008 , matching the onset of the crisis , especially for inpatients aged 15 - 24 years old and to a less extend for inpatients aged 25 - 34 years old . Other age groups were not affected . There was a significant increase in diagnoses for disturbance of conduct and emotions , depression , neurotic and personality disorders and alcohol and drug disorders ; however , diagnoses for mental retardation and organic psychosis for 15 - 34 years old inpatients were unaffected . Conclusions Psychiatric hospital admissions abruptly increased in April 2008 , coinciding with the onset of the economic crisis . We identified age groups and diagnoses affected . Increased hospitalizations were found only at the age - ranges most affected by the rise in unemployment . The diagnoses affected were those most sensitive to environmental changes .

disturbance of conduct and emotions neurotic and personality disorders mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Fibromyalgia ( FMS ) is a prevalent , disabling syndrome characterized by chronic widespread musculoskeletal pain and symptoms such as sleep disturbance , fatigue , stiffness , distress , cognitive impairments and a high comorbidity with anxiety and depressive disorders . Although no curative treatment has yet been found , various therapeutic approaches have been developed in the fields of pharmacology and psychology . The present paper aims to offer a narrative review and a description for clinicians and researchers of psychological therapies that have been applied in a format group in FMS with strong or promising empirical support : i .e . , Cognitive Behavioral Therapy ( CBT ) , Acceptance and Commitment Therapy ( ACT ) , Mindfulness - Based Stress Reduction ( MBSR ) , Psychoeducational program for FMS ( FibroQoL ) , Amygdala Retraining Therapy ( ART ) , and Attachment - Based Compassion Therapy ( ABCT ) . This review will offer a brief practical summary of each therapy protocol ( session - by - session ) , their rationale and available evidence of their effectiveness .

sleep disturbance cognitive impairments

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Basis . To describe the evolution and results of the rehabilitation of elderly disabled cared in an average stay geriatric unit , and to define the factors associated with functional improvement and post - discharge institutionalization . Patients and method . Observational longitudinal study in 459 patients with functional disability consecutively hospitalized between May 2000 and December 2001 . Basal variables collected included the clinical , functional , mental , and sociodemographic manifestations previous to the admission . The favorable functional response ( defined as a functional gain during the admission of ≥ 20 points in the Barthel index ) and the post - discharge institutionalization were regarded the main result variables . Results . The average age of patients was 80 .56 ( SD : ± 7 .45 ) years , 64 .9% were women and 81% came from acute hospital units ; the main cause of disability was stroke ( 48 .5% ) followed by orthopedic pathology ( 26 .2% ) and immobility for different causes ( 23 .5% ) . 72 .5% of patients get functional improvement and 16 .4% were institutionalized after the discharge . The main independent risk factors for poor functional response found in the multivariate analysis were a scoring in Pfeiffer's cognitive test of 5 - 7 points ( OR : 0 .42 ; 95% CI : 0 , 22 - 0 .78 ) and ≥ 8 ( OR : 0 .29 ; 95% CI : 0 .12 - 0 .71 ) , and a scoring in Barthel's index < 60 prior to the deterioration ( OR : 0 .36 ; 95% CI : 0 .14 - 0 .93 ) . Independent risk factors for institutionalization after the discharge were age ( OR : 1 .06 ; 95% CI : 1 .01 - 1 .12 ) , and a scoring in the Gijon's sociofamiliar scale ≥ 9 ( OR : 6 .83 ; 95% CI : 1 .91 - 24 .47 ) . A functional disability after the discharge in the Barthel's index < 40 also was independently associated to post - discharge institutionalization ( OR : 3 , 07 ; 95% CI : 1 .04 - 10 .06 ) . Conclusions . Most of elderly with recent disability benefit functionally from care in specific hospital geriatric units . Moderate or severe cognitive deterioration after hospitalization is associated to lower recovery probability . Very advanced age , higher social precariousness and severe disability after discharge are associated with higher risk of institutionalization .

functional disability functional disability Moderate or severe cognitive deterioration

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction Few studies have validated the Spanish - language version of the Montreal Cognitive Assessment ( MoCA - S ) test in Latin American populations . Objetive To evaluate the psychometric properties and discriminant validity of the MoCA - S in elderly patients in Santiago de Chile . Methods 172 individuals were grouped according to their clinical diagnosis based on the Clinical Dementia Rating ( CDR ) scale as follows : amnestic mild cognitive impairment ( aMCI ; n±24 ) , non - amnestic MCI ( naMCI ; n±24 ) , mild dementia ( n±20 ) , and cognitively normal ( n±104 ) . Participants were evaluated with both the MoCA - S and the Mini–Mental State Examination ( MMSE ) to determine the discriminant validity of the MoCA - S . Results Mean age and years of schooling were 73±6 and 11±4 years , respectively , with no significant intergroup differences . The MoCA - S displayed good internal consistency ( Cronbach's α : 0 .772 ) , high inter - rater reliability ( Spearman correlation coefficient : 0 .846 ; P< .01 ) , and high intra - rater reliability ( test - retest reliability coefficient : 0 .922 ; P< .001 ) . The MoCA - S was found to be an effective and valid test for detecting aMCI ( AUC±0 .903 ) and mild dementia ( AUC±0 .957 ) ; its effectiveness for detecting naMCI was lower ( AUC±0 .629 ) . The optimal cut - off points for aMCI and mild dementia were<21 and<20 , respectively , with sensitivity and specificity rates of 75% and 82% for aMCI and 90% and 86% for mild dementia . The level of education had a great impact on scores : as a result , 2 points were added for patients with less than 8 years of schooling and one point for patients with 8 - 12 years of schooling ( MoCA - S1 - 2 ) . The MoCA - S1 - 2 showed significantly greater discriminant validity than the MMSE for differentiating aMCI from dementia . Conclusions The MoCA - S1 - 2 is a short , easy - to - use , and useful test for diagnosing aMCI and mild dementia .

amnestic mild cognitive impairment aMCI non - amnestic MCI naMCI mild dementia aMCI mild dementia naMCI aMCI mild dementia aMCI mild dementia dementia aMCI mild dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Objective to Analyze the characteristics of patients with dementia attended by a home care support team and to establish whether there are differences from patients with other diseases . Material and methods A prospective , comparative analytical study of 2 cohorts of patients attended at home , one with dementia and one without , comparing age , sex , principal caregiver , number of visits and time of follow - up , reason for discharge , medical comorbidity , Barthel index prior to intervention and on the first home care support team visit , Pfeiffer questionnaire , type of dementia and Global Deterioration Scale of Reisberg , amount of previous medication , presence of symptoms ( pain , dyspnoea , nausea , anxiety , depression , insomnia , agitation ) treatment of symptoms or modification of previous treatment , need for sedation . Data analysis with SPSS 15 .0 software . Results Of all patients attended ( N=638 ) , 195 comprised the cohort of patients with dementia ( 30 .7% ) . The most common cause was vascular dementia 40 .4% ( N=74 ) . The average Global Deterioration Scale was 6±1 .05 , with an average score of 8 .87 errors in the Pfeiffer test and average Barthel index of 11 .9± 23 . In the patients without dementia , significant differences were obtained in terms of functional and cognitive status ( Barthel index of 52 .34±38 and Pfeiffer test with an average score of 1 .48 ±3 .2 ( P< .001 ) ) . The patients with dementia , most commonly institutionalised ( 37 .9% versus 11 .8% in non - demented ) , presented a greater amount of immobility syndrome ( 70 .3% versus 24% ) and pressure ulcers ( 19 .6% compared to 3 .9% ) , fewer symptoms other than agitation and less need for palliative sedation ( 8 .2% versus 20 .4% ) . These are patients with lower mortality 31 .8% versus 53 .1% ) and a reduced need for hospitalisation ( 6 .7% versus 17 .5% ) , with no differences in clinical activity . Conclusions Our results suggest that these patients have a slowly progressive symptomatic and functional profile that will require attention at times of crisis , hospital admissions could be reduced by adequate control of symptoms .

dementia dementia dementia vascular dementia dementia dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Results of two studies are presented . The aim of the first study has been the application of an instructional procedure , based on a top down hierarchy of instructional keys , to teach a boy with severe mental retardation to request access to a preferred item by means of a specific requesting and activating a cell of an augmentative and alternative communication device with voice output using a photograph as a symbol . Ecological validity of the intervention was assessed . In a second related study the effect of digitized voice output in the maintenance of requesting for the same boy was assessed . Results for the first study showed that the instructional procedure for the substitution of prelinguistic communicative acts has been an effective one in order to teach the new symbolic communicative behaviour . This symbolic communicative behaviour has been functionally equivalent to the prelinguistics acts the boy used to employ to request favourite items . Generalization of the new learnt communicative behaviour was observed with different communicative partners and in varied settings . In the second study , once the new symbolic communicative behaviour was taught and acquired by the boy , rates of requesting were compared across two conditions , speech output on versus speech output off , that were alternated on a session by session basis , and results showed that the new requesting behaviour was maintained regardless speech output .

severe mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Kabuki syndrome ( OMIM :

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: 920 ) presents as large palpebral fissures with eversion of the lateral third of the lower eyelids , depressed nasal bridge , arched eyebrows , dysplastic ears and in most cases , with mental retardation . Patients have minor and major abnormalities in different systems . Its genetic basis is heterogeneous , but recently has been associated with mutations in gen MLL2 . Case reports We present two patients with clinical features compatibles with the syndrome , mainly : large palpebral fissures with eversion of the lateral third of the lower eyelids , depressed nasal bridge , arched eyebrows , flat nose , persistent fingertip pads , cardiopathies and renal anomalies . Commentary The diagnosis of this condition is clinical . The characteristics in the cases are compared with the patients reported in the literature . The importance of early diagnosis is to provide preventive management and an appropriate genetic counseling for the family .

mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Objective To identify and describe peripheral and central audiological abnormalities of patients with Vogt - Koyanagi - Harada syndrome . Materials and methods Prospective , cross - sectional , observational , descriptive study . Vogt - Koyanagi - Harada patients referred from an ophthalmologic centre were assessed for signs and symptoms of auditory pathology . Peripheral audiological and central auditory processing tests were performed . To standardize the latter , methodological controls were matched for sex , age and audiometric chart . Results Twenty - one patients were included ( 3 male , 18 female ) ; mean age , 40 .7 ( 11 .82 ) years . Nine of the 21 complained of tinnitus and 9 suspected hearing loss . Exclusively or mainly sensorial abnormalities on the pure tone audiometry chart were documented in 61 .9% ( mainly selective troughs at 4 and 8 kHz ) ; 95 .3% of patients had deficit in high - frequency audiometry . Five of the patients had sensorial disorders in the speech audiometry . No central auditory processing disorder was seen . Conclusions Most of the patients with Vogt - Koyanagi - Harada syndrome had objective peripheral audiological abnormalities , although few revealed any symptoms .

peripheral and central audiological abnormalities hearing loss sensorial disorders objective peripheral audiological abnormalities

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Cognitive impairment is becoming increasingly more common in primary care , and not all is due to Alzheimer's disease or Vascular Dementia . Other diagnostic possibilities , such as normotensive hydrocephalus or chronic adult hydrocephalus also have very similar signs . A clinical case of normotensive hydrocephalus is presented , a condition that is characterised by a typical triad : Gait disturbance , dementia and urinary incontinence .

Cognitive impairment Vascular Dementia Gait disturbance dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Exostoses of the external auditory canal are benign bony tumours very common in individuals who frequently participate in aquatic activities . Although most of the cases are asymptomatic , patients with more severe exostoses have recurrent episodes of external otitis and related conductive hearing loss . In the great majority of these cases , a medical treatment ( aspiration and antibiotic drops ) resolves the symptoms . Patients with more severe canal stenosis , resistant to medical treatment , are candidates for surgical removal of the exostoses . This report reviews our surgical experience with 45 patients , 52 ears , who have undergone surgical removal of exostoses in our Institution during the last 13 years . We describe the technique that we use a well as the results that we achieve .

conductive hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Some diseases secondary to inborn errors of metabolism are associated with psychiatric disorders or minor neurological symptoms . The existence of some cases with exclusively psychiatric symptoms represents a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge . The aim of this article is to describe seven treatable neurometabolic disorders that should be taken into account in the psychiatric consultation as they manifest with psychiatric symptoms that mask the organic origin of the disorder . Homocysteine metabolism and urea cycle disorders , Wilson's disease , Niemann - Pick disease Type C , acute porphyria and cerebrotendinous xanthomatosis are described . Following an analysis of the literature , a list of psychiatric symptoms associated with these disorders are proposed , ranging from insidious changes in affective state and thought to atypical symptoms such as visual hallucinations , as well as paradoxical effects of antipsychotics or behavioural disorders in children and adolescents associated with loss of autonomy . The most frequently associated neurological signs , such as alterations in the state of consciousness , motor behaviour and balance disorders , catatonia or progressive cognitive deficit are also listed . Emphasis is placed on the importance of considering resistance to antipsychotic treatment as a warning sign to suspect organicity , as well as the significant improvement in psychiatric impairment when effective and early treatment is established .

psychiatric disorders behavioural disorders loss of autonomy motor behaviour and balance disorders progressive cognitive deficit psychiatric impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Ménière's disease is characterised by vertigo , hearing loss and tinnitus . Various studies assess the problem of vertigo and audition deficit in Ménière's disease , but only a few of these relate to the clinical characteristics of tinnitus , the aim of this study . Material and methods A transversal descriptive study of the behaviour of tinnitus in 88 patients in different stages of Ménière's disease treated in a tertiary hospital was carried out . The different characteristics of disease were analysed : intensity was evaluated with an analogue - visual scale , subjective tonality through tonal shade references , the impact on the patient's quality of life was tested by a self - appraisal questionnaire , and competence level was evaluated with the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory . Epidemiologic factors , personal records , hearing thresholds and evolution in the number of vertiginous crises in the previous six months were also taken into account . Results The average time of evolution of the disease was 15 .4 years . The results evidence the development of tinnitus of moderate intensity ( 5/10 ) and low frequency ( 46% ) , with a slight impact on quality of life . Worsening in the quality of life related to hearing affectation and/or advanced stages of the disease was also observed . We identified high frequency tonality , a medical record of depression and youth as unfavourable prognostic factors . There was no relationship found with the years of evolution of the disease or with the number of vertigo crises . Conclusion In large samples of long evolution Ménière's disease , patients do not perceive tinnitus as a problem that produces serious impairment in their quality of life .

hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract In the context of the limitations of structural imaging , brain perfusion and metabolism using SPECT and PET have provided relevant information for the study of cognitive decline . The introduction of the radiotracers for cerebral amyloid imaging has changed the diagnostic strategy regarding Alzheimer's disease , which is currently considered to be a «continuum» . According to this new paradigm , the increasing amyloid load would be associated to the preclinical phase and mild cognitive impairment . It has been possible to observe «in vivo» images using 11C - PIB and PET scans . The characteristics of the 11C - PIB image include specific high brain cortical area retention in the positive cases with typical distribution pattern and no retention in the negative cases . This , in combination with 18F - FDG PET , is the basis of molecular neuroimaging as a biomarker . At present , its prognostic value is being evaluated in longitudinal studies . 11C - PIB - PET has become the reference radiotracer to evaluate the presence of cerebral amyloid . However , its availability is limited due to the need for a nearby cyclotron . Therefore , 18F labeled radiotracers are being introduced . Our experience in the last two years with 11C - PIB , first in the research phase and then as being clinically applied , has shown the utility of the technique in the clinical field , either alone or in combination with FDG . Thus , amyloid image is a useful tool for the differential diagnosis of dementia and it is a potentially useful method for early diagnosis and evaluation of future treatments .

cognitive decline mild cognitive impairment dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Objective To describe how relatives of patients admitted to nursing homes qualify death and determine which factors influence this qualification . Method A descriptive and retrospective study . A questionnaire was sent to 52 relatives of deceased patients of 8 nursing homes . The Good Death Inventory ( GDI ) and Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale ( ESAS ) were used to assess different aspects of patient death ; in addition open questions on aspects of end of life decisions were included . Non - parametric tests were performed to check for differences between the qualification of sociodemographic and clinical variables , physical symptoms , decision making and quality of end of life . Results 34 relatives 34 families responded to the questionnaire . 67 .6% women with an average age of 57 .03 years ( SD=12 .35 ) . Most of the deceased patients were women ( 61 .8% ) with a mean age of 86 years ( SD=7 , 23 ) . The most severe symptom in the last days of life was depression ( m=7 .75 , SD=2 .44 ) . Being respected as an individual“was the dimension that scored best ( m=6 .01 ; SD=1 .56 ) , and”Independence“worst ( m=1 .72 ; SD=1 .28 ) . Relatives of patients with dementia reported a lower percentage of a good death ( 23 .1% vs . 61 .1% , P= .00 ) than the rest . The dimensions”physical and psychological comfort“ ( P= .00 ) , ”Show Hope and pleasure“ ( P= .03 ) and”Feeling that their life is worth living“ ( P= .01 ) scored higher in cases which reported a good death . Discussion Almost half of the relatives of patients who died in nursing homes reported a good quality of death . Aspects such as human respect and intimacy were highly rated . Dementia is a factor that might be considered in further studies .

dementia Dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Hearing loss is a significant problem for the elderly : It is the third most important chronic problem after hypertension and arthritis during ageing . Screenings such as the hearing - dependent daily activities Scale –HDDA– were designed to be applied in non - hospital settings in order to detect possible hearing problems that have to be ratified through a complete audiological examination . The aim of this paper is to present the results of a research study to test the effectiveness of the HDDA Scale as a tool for detecting hearing loss in a sample of 135 elderly people , considering that some of these people had mild cognitive impairment . Hearing loss was explored using pure - tone audiometry and the HDDA Scale , as well as the presence of mild cognitive impairment by Pfeiffer's questionnaire . We conclude by showing that the HDDA Scale can be a useful tool to identify individuals with hearing loss , especially when their hearing loss is greater than 40 dB . However , it is important to note that , in the case of people with mild cognitive impairment , we observed that their answers to the questionnaire are less reliable and tend to underestimate the potential problems posed by hearing loss in their everyday life .

Hearing loss hearing loss mild cognitive impairment Hearing loss mild cognitive impairment hearing loss hearing loss mild cognitive impairment hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Clinical case The case is presented of 37 year - old male with a history of nasal obstruction with right rhinorrhea , headache , hearing loss and right exophthalmos of 4 months progression . The MRI revealed that the ethmoidal and maxillary sinuses contained inflammatory tissue extending into the orbital region . The biopsy confirmed a non - Hodgkin lymphoma of natural killer ( NK ) T cells . Discussion Non - Hodgkin's T NK lymphoma is a rare tumor in the orbital area that requires an early detection and multi - disciplinary care to ensure appropriate monitoring and treatment .

hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract This report describes a patient with Von Hippel - Lindau disease revealed by an endolymphatic sac tumor . Endolymphatic sac tumor ( EST ) was only recently recognized as a manifestation of Von Hippel - Lindau ( VHL ) disease . EST are vascular lesions that destroy and expand bone . We report a recently treated case of an EST . A 30 - year - old woman presented with otalgia and hearing loss . Computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging showed typical features of an EST . We checked for VHL and found this disease in the patient . VHL disease is a hereditary cancer syndrome caused by germline mutations of the VHL tumor suppressor gene . A molecular diagnosis of VHL is nowadays available , and this has change the clinical management of patients and their families . Diagnosis of VHL has to be suspected in patients with a VHL - related tumor without familial history and especially in those cases of hemangioblastoma or endolymphatic sac tumors . Such patients should be systematically investigated for clinical and molecular evidence of VHL disease .

hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Cases of metabolic alkalosis are divided into susceptible or resistant to treatment with sodium chloride , depending on the response to it . The resistant cases present with high urinary excretion of chloride , and are secondary to tubular disease or use of diuretics . Included among the sensitive cases are , vomiting , cystic fibrosis and low intake . Two infants were fed with “almond milk” and showed clinical symptoms of dehydration and failure to thrive . Hypochloraemic and hypokalaemic metabolic alkasosis was seen in both cases , which responded satisfactorily to water and electrolyte replacement . After ruling out vomiting , ingestion of drugs , tubular disease , and cystic fibrosis , the diagnosis was low intake , due to poor contribution of Na+ and Cl− provided by the “almond milk” . This deficit induces an increase in proximal tubular reabsorption of H−CO3 and in parts of the distal nephron , an increase in reabsorption of Na+ and Cl− which are exchanged with K+ and H+ , which can give rise to a hypochloraemic alkalosis and hypokalaemia . Secondary hypothyroidism was found in one case , apparently due to the lack of iodine in the almond milk , and disorders of the myelination characterized by optic neuritis and hearing loss . These disorders were resolved when feeding with human formula was established .

hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Pain management in advanced dementia is complex because of neurological deficits present in these patients , and nurses are directly responsible for providing interventions for the evaluation , management and relief of pain for people suffering from this health problem . In order to facilitate and help decision - makers , pain experts recommend the use of standardized protocols to guide pain management , but in Spain , comprehensive pain management protocols have not yet been developed for advanced dementia . This article reflects the need for an integrated management of pain in advanced dementia . From the review and analysis of the most current and relevant studies in the literature , we performed an approximation of the scales for the determination of pain in these patients , with the observational scale PAINAD being the most recommended for the hospital setting . In addition , we provide an overview for comprehensive management of pain in advanced dementia through the conceptual framework «a hierarchy of pain assessment techniques by McCaffery and Pasero» for the development and implementation of standardized protocols , including a four - phase cyclical process ( evaluation , planning/performance , revaluation and recording ) , which can facilitate the correct management of pain in these patients .

advanced dementia advanced dementia advanced dementia advanced dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Introduction Otosclerosis is an osteodystrophy of the labyrinthine capsule producing conductive hearing loss . If the process invades the cochlea , a sensorineural hearing loss usually takes place . The cochlear implant is a good alternative in these patients . Objective To ascertain the behaviour of cochlear implantation in otosclerosis . Material and methods We reviewed a database of 250 patients that underwent cochlear implantation , performing a retrospective study of 13 patients with clinical , audiological and/or imaging findings of bilateral otosclerosis . The 26 ears were studied as to their natural history , previous surgeries , evolution to profound hearing loss , computed tomography images , complications and functional results . Results Of the cases studied , 46% were female and 54% were men , with a mean age of 26 years at the onset of conductive hearing loss . Stapes surgery was performed in 19 ears ( 73% ) , with a mean patient age of 29 years , and 53% of them underwent cochlear implantation . Computed tomography results showed that there were signs of different degrees of radiological affectation in 54% of the ears . A total of 3 complications took place ( 23% ) : implant failure , overstimulation of the facial nerve and bilateral tinnitus were found . One year after implantation , the average percentages of correct 2 - syllable words were 80% and 85% in open sentences . Conclusions Patients having profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss secondary to otosclerosis obtain great benefit from cochlear implantation .

conductive hearing loss sensorineural hearing loss profound hearing loss conductive hearing loss profound bilateral sensorineural hearing loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Diabetes mellitus is considered a risk factor for sensorineural sudden deafness . Its pathogenesis remains unknown . However , the physiopathological implication of a hyperviscosity syndrom in diabetics and patients bearing of sudden deafness can mean the nexus between the two entities . Total blood viscosity and erythrocyte adhesion were haemorheological parameters significatively higher in blood of diabetics with sudden deafness than in normal hearing controls . Moreover , erythrocyte filterability and deformability were lower in diabetics , but it was not statistically significative . These findings help to guide therapy in these patients towards specific measures to improve blood viscoelastic properties .

sensorineural sudden deafness sudden deafness sudden deafness

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Background . Saiatu is a programme that offers a specially trained in - home social welfare assistance to improve the delivery of care for people with advanced and terminal illness , and their families . The following is a presentation of a study carried out following 17 months of work , showing the characteristics of those patients cared for , the place of death , and facts relating to Saiatu's daily activity . Method . A cross - sectional , observational descriptive study was conducted in the region of Gipuzkoa . Population of study : Patients cared for by Saiatu between 1 February 2011 and 30 June 2012 . Inclusion Criteria : Patients who had died before 30 June 2012 . Sample : The whole patient population ( 70 patients ) . Variables and sources of information : Records of identification of patient and main carer , health care information , and date of admission into Saiatu . Results . Of the 70 patients cared for , 61 .4% were men and 36 .8% were women , with a mean age of 76 .79 years old . In 62 .9% of the cases the main carer was the spouse . More than half ( 60% ) of the families did not have any public or private social support network , and their level of dependency was found to be severe to moderate in 75 .7% of cases . The large majority ( 88 .6% ) of the patients were oncological , and the remainder were non - oncological . The majority of cases , 37 .1% , were referrals from hospitalisation at home . Of the 92% who had expressed the wish to die at home , 71 .4% had that wish fulfilled . However of those who died in hospital , 65% had expressed the wish to die at home . Overall 79% died in the place they had previously expressed . It was observed that age , dysphagia and emotional concerns were associated with death at home , whilst anorexia was related to death in hospital .

dysphagia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Background and purpose . Pneumonia as a complication of stroke is associated with poor outcomes . The A2DS2 and ISAN scales were developed by German and English researchers , respectively , to predict in - hospital stroke - associated pneumonia . We conducted an external validation study of these scales in a series of consecutive patients admitted to our hospital due to ischaemic stroke . Method . These predictive models were applied to a sample of 340 consecutive patients admitted to hospital in 2015 due to stroke . Discrimination was assessed by calculating the area under the ROC curve for diagnostic efficacy . Calibration was assessed using the Hosmer - Lemeshow goodness - of - fit test and graphing the corresponding curve . Logistic regression analysis was performed to determine the independent predictors of respiratory infection secondary to stroke . Results . We included 285 patients , of whom 45 ( 15 .8% ) had respiratory infection after stroke according to the study criteria . Mean age was 71 .01±12 .62 years ; men accounted for 177 of the patients ( 62 .1% ) . Seventy - two patients ( 25 .3% ) had signs or symptoms of dysphagia , 42 ( 14 .7% ) had atrial fibrillation , and 14 ( 4 .9% ) were functionally dependent before stroke ; the median NIHSS score was 4 points . Mean scores on A2DS2 and ISAN were 3 .25±2 .54 and 6 .49±3 .64 , respectively . Our analysis showed that higher A2DS2 scores were associated with an increased risk of infection ( OR=1 .576 ; 95% CI : 1 .363 - 1 .821 ) ; the same was true for ISAN scores ( OR=1 .350 ; 95% CI : 1 .214 - 1 .501 ) . Conclusion . High scores on A2DS2 and ISAN were found to be a strong predictor of respiratory infection associated with acute stroke in a cohort of consecutive patients with stroke . These easy - to - use scales are promising tools for predicting this complication in routine clinical practice .

dysphagia functionally dependent

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: It is well - known that electroconvulsive therapy ( ECT ) is a safe and effective treatment for some mental disorders in adults . Hovewer , its use in children and adolescents is still the cause of some fears which may not be justified . The aim of this article is to clarify and to present the state of this question by reviewing the literature about ECT in children and adolescents , with emphasis on efficacy , indications , adverse effects and limitations . Results from studies in this population group show similar safety and efficacy data as those observed in adults . There exists a misinformation about the ECT tecnique among child psychologists and psychiatritsts . Large follow - up studies are needed .

mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Proteins belonging to the RAS/mitogen activated protein kinase ( MAPK ) pathway play key roles in cell proliferation , differentiation , survival , and death . For more than 30 years now we have known that 30% of human cancers carry somatic mutations in genes encoding proteins from this pathway . Whereas somatic mutations have a high malignant potential , germline mutations are linked to developmental abnormalities that are often poorly clinically differentiated , although each is dependent upon the specific gene affected . Thus , all patients share varying degrees of mental retardation or learning difficulties , heart disease , facial dysmorphism , skin anomalies , and , in some cases , predisposition to cancer . These syndromes , known as rasopathies , include Noonan syndrome , Costello syndrome , neurofibromatosis - 1 , LEOPARD syndrome , cardiofaciocutaneous syndrome , and Legius syndrome . Recognizing the skin manifestations of rasopathies can facilitate diagnosis of these syndromes .

developmental abnormalities mental retardation learning difficulties

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Clinical case A patient with chronic , painless , bilateral loss of vision , after significant intake of interferon ( IFNα ) and ribavirina due to liver transplant . Ocular fundus is normal . A suspected retrobulbar optic neuropathy is confirmed by a prolongation of the latency of the patient's visual evoked potential . There being no prior record of risk factors and with the patient's systemic analysis giving normal results , the clinical improvement and the electro - physiological tests conducted after the drug was withdrawn point to interferon as negatively affecting the bilateral optic nerve . Discussion Interferon - α is used in the treatment of viral and neoplastic illnesses . Currently the drug is formulated as Interferon alfa pegilado ( IFNα - p ) in order to reduce toxicity and increase tolerance . The most common secondary effects are flu symptoms , asthenia and weigh loss . Affected ocular tissue is rare and optic neuropathy is also an infrequent complication : retinopathy at the beginning of treatment is , however , more frequent . The most widely accepted hypothesis as to the cause of toxicity is the presence of circulating immune complexes . It is , therefore , essential for ophthalmologists to be aware of the toxicity of this drug in order to be able to withdraw it in good time , thus preventing potentially irreversible sight loss .

chronic , painless , bilateral loss of vision irreversible sight loss

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Prader - Willi syndrome is a genetic disorder characterized by hypotonia , obesity , short stature , mental retardation , hyperphagia , hypogonadism and low life expectancy . We describe the case of a 31 - year - old female patient with Prader - Willi syndrome scheduled for bariatric surgery . Anesthetic considerations are reviewed highlighting perioperative complications associated with this syndrome .

mental retardation

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: The features of Wernicke's encephalopathy have been described as a combination of confusion , ocular abnormalities , and ataxia . Encephalopathy can complicate hyperemesis gravidarum because it impairs correct absorption of an adequate amount of thiamine and can cause electrolyte imbalance . We present the case of a 22 - year - old primipara who was admitted to hospital due to lethargy , generalized weakness , ophthalmoplegia , language disturbance , and weight loss in her 12th week of pregnancy . The patient had a history of hyperemesis gravidarum three weeks before admission . Physical examination revealed a lethargic patient with horizontal nystagmus , ataxia , and symmetric hyporeflexia . Parenteral thiamine therapy was started . The patient recovered from the neurological deficits after 6 weeks of treatment .

ataxia language disturbance ataxia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Objective The aim of the study was to determine the causes of failure in otosclerosis surgery . Material and method We performed 23 revisions of stapedectomy during the period between January 2000 and April 2005 . The time between the primary surgery and the revision surgery ranged from 3 months to 25 years . The most frequent reasons for revision surgery were first of all patients with closed initial gap and progressive hearing loss in 56 .52 % of cases and secondly patients without any initial hearing improvement in 39 .12 % of cases . Results The main surgical findings were : short prosthesis in correct position ( 13 .04 % ) , displaced prosthesis ( 60 .87 % ) , bridles over the oval window ( 65 .22 % ) , necrosis of the long process of the incus ( 26 .2 % ) , and obliterative footplate ( 26 .09 % ) . As for the audiometric results , we got a complete closure of gap in 60 .8 % of patients ( n=14 ) , partial closure of gap in 13 .2 % ( n=3 ) , persistence of the initial gap in 21 .7% ( n=5 ) , and cophosis in 4 .3 % ( n=1 ) . Conclusions The migration of the prosthesis is the main cause of failure after stapedectomy . Good closure of the gap was achieved in two thirds of the patients .

progressive hearing loss cophosis

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Anaemia is common in the elderly and is associated with an increased risk of physical , functional , and cognitive impairment , hospitalisation and mortality . Although it is unknown whether anaemia is a causal factor or a subrogated marker of worse health status , its correction can improve the patients’ physical and functional capacity . Detection , classification , and treatment of anaemia should be a priority for the health system . The main causes of anaemia in the elderly are nutritional deficiencies and chronic disease , with or without kidney failure , although some cases are of indeterminate origin . Medical history and physical examination help to clarify its aetiology . A diagnostic algorithm based on data from the lab allows anaemia classification with a therapeutic orientation . Supplements of iron and maturation factors , as well as erythropoiesis - stimulating agents , constitute the mainstay of treatment , along with that of the underlying disease , whereas red blood cell transfusion should be reserved for severe cases .

physical , functional , and cognitive impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Background Corpus callosum ( CC ) size has been associated with cognitive and emotional deficits in a range of neuropsychiatric and mood disorders . As such deficits are also found in suicidal behavior , we investigated specifically the association between CC atrophy and suicidal behavior . Methods We studied 435 right - handed individuals without dementia from a cohort of community - dwelling persons aged 65 years and over ( the ESPRIT study ) . They were divided in three groups : suicide attempters ( n = 21 ) , affective control subjects ( AC ) ( n = 180 ) without history of suicide attempt but with a history of depression , and healthy control subjects ( HC ) ( n = 234 ) . T1 - weighted magnetic resonance images were traced to measure the midsagittal areas of the anterior , mid , and posterior CC . Multivariate analysis of covariance was used to compare CC areas in the 3 groups . Results Multivariate analyses adjusted for age , gender , childhood trauma , head trauma , and total brain volume showed that the area of the posterior third of CC was significantly smaller in suicide attempters than in AC ( _P_ = .020 ) and HC ( _P_ = .010 ) individuals . No significant differences were found between AC and HC . No differences were found for the anterior and mid thirds of the CC . Conclusions Our findings emphasize a reduced size of the posterior third of the CC in subjects with a history of suicide , suggesting a diminished interhemispheric connectivity and a possible role of CC in the pathophysiology of suicidal behavior . Further studies are needed to strengthen these results and clarify the underlying cellular changes leading to these morphometric differences .

cognitive and emotional deficits neuropsychiatric and mood disorders dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction Periodontal disease and dementia are very prevalent , especially in elderly populations . Multiple studies have shown a link between these diseases ; however , the conditions are highly heterogeneous and so is the diagnostic methodology , which may hinder interpretation and comparison of the results . The aim of this article is to provide a critical review of the literature linking these 2 processes . Development We retrieved 22 studies , most of which were retrospective , and analysed various methodological variables including study population , diagnosis of periodontitis , definition of dementia , adjusted variables , and results . The different aetiopathogenic mechanisms that may affect the progression and interaction of these 2 conditions were also analysed . Conclusions Although available evidence indicates a positive association between periodontitis and dementia , both the strength of that association and the presence of a causal relationship have yet to be determined .

dementia dementia dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Introduction . The prevalence of pelvic fracture ( PF ) due to frailty is increasing , leading to an increase in functional impairment in the patient , as well as increasing morbidity and mortality . The aim of the present study is to gain knowledge about the sociodemographic characteristics , as well as the functional features , of patients admitted to hospital with PF and evaluated by a Geriatrics department . The functional burden of PF and the potential influence of geriatric interventions are also assessed . Material and methods . A retrospective study conducted between 1995 and 2015 on all patients older than 65 years old with PF admitted to the Traumatology department , and then assessed in the Geriatrics Department . Sociodemographic information was also collected ( age , gender and place of residence ) , as well as data from the geriatric assessment ( baseline situation and at hospital admission ) , hospital stay , within hospital mortality , and discharge . Results . The study included 271 patients with a mean age of 81 .1±7 years , and mainly women ( 81 .2% ) . The median hospital stay was 9 days ( interquartile range 5 to 14 days ) . The ability to walk independently decreased after PF from 72 .3% to 3 .6% . Severe disability cases increased in activities of daily living from 7 .9% to 79 .5% . Within hospital mortality was 2 .2% . As regards medical follow - up consultations , the mean length of stay was significantly reduced compared to the assessment consultations ( 10 .0±7 .8 vs 16 .1±12 .0 days , P< .001 ) . Conclusion . PF patients evaluated by the Geriatrics Department were mainly women , with advanced age , and a severe functional impairment secondary to PF . The intervention of a geriatrician could contribute to optimise hospital resources .

functional impairment severe functional impairment

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract This review focuses on the neuropsychiatric manifestations ( personality disturbances , depressive symptoms , cognitive impairment and dementia ) , which have been described in this last decade in patients with essential tremor . We compared the data derived from the Neurologic Disorders in Central Spain ( NEDICES ) study , a prospective population - based survey , with those derived from the literature . The traditional view of essential tremor as a mono - symptomatic condition characterized by action tremor is now changing . First , it is known that many patients also have other motor manifestations apart from tremor ( e .g . , ataxic gait ) . Second , in the last years , the presence of a variety of non - motor neuropsychiatric features has been described . Mild cognitive changes ( especially executive dysfunction ) have been documented in several independent studies . Further , two population - based studies have demonstrated an association between essential tremor with mild cognitive impairment and dementia . Psychiatric manifestations include specific personality traits , anxiety , social phobia , and depressive symptoms . Taking together , the neuropsychiatric dysfunction pattern and the new data on neuropathology of essential tremor suggest that this disease is a neurodegenerative cerebellar disorder and let us to question the classical concept of essential tremor as a benign mono - symptomatic disorder .

personality disturbances cognitive impairment dementia ataxic gait mild cognitive impairment dementia

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Aim To observe the differences between ethnic groups and the autochthonous population in the frequency of mental disorders . To study epidemiological data and the accuracy of recording of such data . Design Descriptive study . Setting Raval Sud Basic Health Care Area . Drassanes Primary Health Care Center , Barcelona , Spain . Patients A random sample of 112 immigrant patients belonging to ethnic minorities , seen between January 1995 and December 1997 , matched for age and sex with autochthonous patients . Interventions We studied variables related with mental disorders in immigrants . Variables included age , country of origin , reason for immigrating , employment status , marital status , other persons in household , educational level , knowledge of Spanish and toxic habits . We recorded the following impressions of diagnosis : anxiety , depression , somatization , psychosis , personality disorder , number of visits for each diagnosis , treatment , and overall number of visits between January 1995 and December 1997 . Statistical studies consisted of descriptive analysis and chi - squared tests . Measures and results Mean age was 39 ± 14 years , 52 .7% of the immigrant patients were men , 36 .6% ( 95% CI , 27 .6–45 .5% ) were from the Maghreb region , and 23 .2% ( 95% CI , 15 .4–31 .0% ) were Hindustani . 43% ( 95% CI , 33 .6–52 .0% ) understood Spanish . Smoking was more frequent among autochthonous patients ( 59 .8% ; 95% CI , 50 .7–68 .9% ) than in immigrant patients ( 26 .8% ; 95% CI , 18 .5–34 .9% ; p < 0 .001 ) , as was alcohol abuse ( 24 .1% ; 95% CI , 16 .1–32 .0% , versus 5 .4% ; 95% CI , 1 .1–9 .5% ; p < 0 .001 ) . Depression tended to be more frequent in patients belonging to ethnic groups ( 15 .2% ; 95% CI , 8 .5–21 .8% ) than in autochthonous patients ( 13 .4% ; 95% CI , 7 .0–19 .7% ; p = ns ) , as did somatization disorder ( 10 .7% ; 95% CI , 4 .9–167 .4% , versus 6 .3% ; 95% CI , 1 .7–10 .7% , p = ns ) , but was undertreated ( 19 .8% ; 95% CI , 2 .4–27 .2% , versus 32 .1% ; 95% CI , 23 .4–40 .7% ; p = ns ) . The total number of visits during the study period was higher in autochthonous patients ( 1138 versus 1017 ) , as was the number of visits for mental disorders ( 17 .9% ; 95% CI , 15 .7–20 .1% , versus 13% ; 95% CI , 1 .9–15 .0% ; p = ns ) . Conclusions There were no differences in the percentages of mental disorders between immigrants and autochthonous residents , although depression and somatization disorder tended to be more frequent in the former group . The characteristics of the reference population , and the frequency with which epidemiological data were missing from the medical record , might have biased the results ; this in turn might have been influenced by communication problems which make the diagnosis in immigrants more difficult . Health professionals should be appropriately trained to enable them to provide better care .

mental disorders mental disorders personality disorder mental disorders mental disorders

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Abstract Several articles show the audiologic benefits of cochlear implants , although it is still necessary to prove their impact on quality of life . In this study , 36 Med - El processor users were included . The Glasgow Benefit Inventory ( GBI ) was used to measure changes in quality of life , and another questionnaire was used to evaluate the communication abilities . Eighty - six percent of the patients answered our questionnaire . The quality of life improved significantly according to the specific questionnaire . The average total benefit obtained with the GBI was +41 , and the average scores related to general , social and physics benefits were +57 , +16 , and +3 , respectively . No significant difference was found between quality of life and other parameters like insertion depth of the array , etiology or duration of the deafness .

deafness

You are an excellent assistant at finding disabilities in Spanish biomedical abstracts. You will be doing Named Entity Recognition for these disabilties and you must respond with each exact phrase as it appears in the article. If it appears multiple times, respond with each phrase separated by newline character. If there are no disabilities, respond with NA. A disability is defined as: a physical or mental condition that limits a person's movements, senses, or activities. Abstract: Treatment of osteoporosis should be directed primarily towards secondary prevention of fractures . The occurrence of drug - related adverse effects for the treatment of osteoporosis has led to a reevaluation of the indications , the duration of treatment and even withdrawal of some drugs from the market . This review has been made from different patient profiles that practitioners will find in usual practice ; from patients with hip fracture with cognitive impairment , limitation of their day - to - day living activities and comorbidities , to active patients without any limitations ; patients with vertebral fractures and non - vertebral fractures where secondary prevention is highly important . In general , antiresorptive drugs ( alendronate and risedronate ) will be the first choice . Zoledronate or denosumab will be indicated in cases of digestive intolerance , poor adherence or an increased risk of hip fracture . Teriparatide will be indicated to patients with 2or more previous vertebral fractures or very low bone density .

cognitive impairment limitation of their day - to - day living activities