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Mercury_7222303 | Which basic units of matter have the same properties as an element? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"protons",
"electrons",
"atoms",
"neutrons"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Which basic units of matter have the same properties as an element?
Choices:
A protons
B electrons
C atoms
D neutrons | C atoms |
NYSEDREGENTS_2015_4_15 | Volume and mass are properties of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"friction",
"light",
"matter",
"sound"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Volume and mass are properties of
Choices:
A friction
B light
C matter
D sound | Choices:
A friction
B light
C matter |
Mercury_7085418 | Which of these best describes wind energy? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"limited",
"renewable",
"damaging",
"inexpensive"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which of these best describes wind energy?
Choices:
A limited
B renewable
C damaging
D inexpensive | B renewable. Wind energy is a renewable resource that can be harnessed to generate electricity with minimal negative impact on the environment. |
AKDE&ED_2008_4_33 | Many years ago, purple dye was made from some sea animals. Then, in 1856, William Perkins tried to make a new medicine. Instead, he found a way to make purple dye from coal. What is a positive effect of his discovery? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Some diseases can be treated.",
"Purple clothing can be made.",
"Sea animals are not needed to make purple dye.",
"Perkins is famous for discovering a new medicine."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Many years ago, purple dye was made from some sea animals. Then, in 1856, William Perkins tried to make a new medicine. Instead, he found a way to make purple dye from coal. What is a positive effect of his discovery?
Choices:
A Some diseases can be treated.
B Purple clothing can be made.
C Sea animals are not needed to make purple dye.
D Perkins is famous for discovering a new medicine. | B Purple clothing can be made. |
Mercury_7004638 | A certain snake species in an ecosystem eats small rodents. If a bird species is introduced into the ecosystem that also eats small rodents, which of these will most likely increase? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"parasitism",
"migration",
"mutualism",
"competition"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | A certain snake species in an ecosystem eats small rodents. If a bird species is introduced into the ecosystem that also eats small rodents, which of these will most likely increase?
Choices:
A parasitism
B migration
C mutualism
D competition | D competition |
Mercury_SC_401648 | The formation of the Grand Canyon has most likely taken how long? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"several years",
"hundreds of years",
"thousands of years",
"millions of years"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The formation of the Grand Canyon has most likely taken how long?
Choices:
A several years
B hundreds of years
C thousands of years
D millions of years | C thousands of years |
VASoL_2008_3_30 | For a plant to stay alive indoors, where does it need to be placed? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"In a dry area",
"In a dark room",
"On a plant stand",
"Near a sunny place"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | For a plant to stay alive indoors, where does it need to be placed?
Choices:
A In a dry area
B In a dark room
C On a plant stand
D Near a sunny place | D Near a sunny place |
Mercury_LBS10706 | What kind of energy conversion occurs after a candle is lit? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"friction to electrical energy",
"light energy to heat energy",
"mass to kinetic energy",
"chemical energy to light energy"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | What kind of energy conversion occurs after a candle is lit?
Choices:
A friction to electrical energy
B light energy to heat energy
C mass to kinetic energy
D chemical energy to light energy | B. Light energy to heat energy |
AMP_2016_8_48 | In 1931, Barbara McClintock discovered that genes could change position on a chromosome. In corn plants, if a certain gene was moved next to the gene that controls kernel color, the kernels in an ear of corn were various colors. Which statement best supports McClintock's discovery? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Genes control inherited traits in organisms.",
"Corn plants can reproduce in laboratory environments.",
"Chromosomes can move around in the nucleus of a cell.",
"Genes are able to disappear and reappear in later generations."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | In 1931, Barbara McClintock discovered that genes could change position on a chromosome. In corn plants, if a certain gene was moved next to the gene that controls kernel color, the kernels in an ear of corn were various colors. Which statement best supports McClintock's discovery?
Choices:
A Genes control inherited traits in organisms.
B Corn plants can reproduce in laboratory environments.
C Chromosomes can move around in the nucleus of a cell.
D Genes are able to disappear and reappear in later generations. | C Chromosomes can move around in the nucleus of a cell. |
Mercury_7185185 | Blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. What level of structural organization best describes blood? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a cell",
"a tissue",
"an organ",
"a system"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Blood is a fluid made up of several different parts. What level of structural organization best describes blood?
Choices:
A a cell
B a tissue
C an organ
D a system | D a system |
Mercury_7234028 | Which property is thought to characterize objects in the Oort Cloud? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"They are composed mostly of iron.",
"They are composed mostly of ice.",
"They regularly revolve near the Sun.",
"They regularly replenish water on Earth."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which property is thought to characterize objects in the Oort Cloud?
Choices:
A They are composed mostly of iron.
B They are composed mostly of ice.
C They regularly revolve near the Sun.
D They regularly replenish water on Earth. | B They are composed mostly of ice. |
Mercury_SC_400523 | Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"cause disease in living organisms.",
"reduce soil erosion.",
"recycle oxygen to the air.",
"return nutrients to the soil."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Decaying plants and animals are important to an ecosystem because they
Choices:
A cause disease in living organisms.
B reduce soil erosion.
C recycle oxygen to the air.
D return nutrients to the soil. | D return nutrients to the soil. |
Mercury_SC_400532 | Which type of energy does a radiator give off ? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"heat",
"light",
"solar",
"electrical"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which type of energy does a radiator give off ?
Choices:
A heat
B light
C solar
D electrical | A radiator gives off heat energy. |
Mercury_7085313 | A student identifies a soil sample as "very gritty." What characteristic of the soil did the student describe? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"texture",
"hardness",
"organic content",
"water retention"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A student identifies a soil sample as "very gritty." What characteristic of the soil did the student describe?
Choices:
A texture
B hardness
C organic content
D water retention | A texture |
Mercury_SC_409676 | James read that plants benefit animals by changing the atmosphere. How do plants most likely change the atmosphere in a way that is beneficial for animals? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Plants release oxygen.",
"Plants absorb sunlight.",
"Plants produce heat energy.",
"Plants make carbon dioxide."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | James read that plants benefit animals by changing the atmosphere. How do plants most likely change the atmosphere in a way that is beneficial for animals?
Choices:
A Plants release oxygen.
B Plants absorb sunlight.
C Plants produce heat energy.
D Plants make carbon dioxide. | A Plants release oxygen. |
MCAS_2005_9_19-v1 | Which of the following is the primary way that evergreen trees planted on the north and west sides of residences in Massachusetts help reduce winter heating costs? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"They insulate against cold air.",
"They optimize solar heating.",
"They reduce radiant cooling.",
"They act as a windbreak."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Which of the following is the primary way that evergreen trees planted on the north and west sides of residences in Massachusetts help reduce winter heating costs?
Choices:
A They insulate against cold air.
B They optimize solar heating.
C They reduce radiant cooling.
D They act as a windbreak. | A They insulate against cold air. |
Mercury_7115290 | After a volcanic eruption, it takes a long time for large ecosystems to fully recover. Which statement best explains why the development takes so long? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Space is limited for growth.",
"The quality of light is low.",
"Soil must be created.",
"Minerals are destroyed."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | After a volcanic eruption, it takes a long time for large ecosystems to fully recover. Which statement best explains why the development takes so long?
Choices:
A Space is limited for growth.
B The quality of light is low.
C Soil must be created.
D Minerals are destroyed. | C Soil must be created. |
MDSA_2009_8_32 | Science students investigated the cause of the different phases of the moon. The model that would best demonstrate the cause of the phases of the moon would include representations of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the moon and Earth",
"the moon and the sun",
"the moon, the sun, and Earth",
"the moon, the sun, and Venus"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Science students investigated the cause of the different phases of the moon. The model that would best demonstrate the cause of the phases of the moon would include representations of
Choices:
A the moon and Earth
B the moon and the sun
C the moon, the sun, and Earth
D the moon, the sun, and Venus | C the moon, the sun, and Earth |
MCAS_2011_8_17681 | Which of the following is the main reason water at the surface of the ocean is warmer than water at the bottom of the ocean? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Water at the bottom of the ocean contains more dissolved solids.",
"Water at the surface of the ocean absorbs more energy from the Sun.",
"Friction is created by fast moving currents at the surface of the ocean.",
"Wave action transfers heat from the bottom of the ocean to the surface."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which of the following is the main reason water at the surface of the ocean is warmer than water at the bottom of the ocean?
Choices:
A Water at the bottom of the ocean contains more dissolved solids.
B Water at the surface of the ocean absorbs more energy from the Sun.
C Friction is created by fast moving currents at the surface of the ocean.
D Wave action transfers heat from the bottom of the ocean to the surface. | B Water at the surface of the ocean absorbs more energy from the Sun. |
Mercury_7252403 | A population of ground squirrels has established a community in the grasslands of the Great Plains. Temperatures often reach -15°C for most of the winter. What is the most likely behavior the ground squirrels use to survive these winter temperatures? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface",
"burrowing in tree trunks above the soil surface",
"consuming roots found under the soil surface",
"consuming organisms found in the soil surface"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A population of ground squirrels has established a community in the grasslands of the Great Plains. Temperatures often reach -15°C for most of the winter. What is the most likely behavior the ground squirrels use to survive these winter temperatures?
Choices:
A burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface
B burrowing in tree trunks above the soil surface
C consuming roots found under the soil surface
D consuming organisms found in the soil surface | A burrowing below the frost point of the soil surface |
TIMSS_2003_4_pg13 | Which plant is grown for food? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Rice",
"Tobacco",
"Orchid",
"Cotton"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which plant is grown for food?
Choices:
A Rice
B Tobacco
C Orchid
D Cotton | A Rice |
Mercury_SC_400034 | Isaac Newton is best known for his study of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"motion.",
"weather.",
"body systems.",
"the history of Earth."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Isaac Newton is best known for his study of
Choices:
A motion.
B weather.
C body systems.
D the history of Earth. | A motion. |
Mercury_7218663 | Which difference between water and ice results in ice floating on cold water? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"heat",
"shape",
"density",
"volume"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Which difference between water and ice results in ice floating on cold water?
Choices:
A heat
B shape
C density
D volume | C density |
TIMSS_2011_8_pg98 | What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"CO",
"CO2",
"C",
"O2"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | What is the chemical formula for carbon dioxide?
Choices:
A CO
B CO2
C C
D O2 | [B, CO2] |
Mercury_SC_414087 | Some pea plants always have peas with smooth skin. Other pea plants always have peas with wrinkled skin. How can a student best predict which kind of pea will grow from a seed that is planted? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"by checking the amount of water in the soil",
"by checking how often the pea plant receives sunlight",
"by checking how much space the plant will have to grow",
"by checking the type of peas growing on the parent plants"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Some pea plants always have peas with smooth skin. Other pea plants always have peas with wrinkled skin. How can a student best predict which kind of pea will grow from a seed that is planted?
Choices:
A by checking the amount of water in the soil
B by checking how often the pea plant receives sunlight
C by checking how much space the plant will have to grow
D by checking the type of peas growing on the parent plants | D by checking the type of peas growing on the parent plants |
MEA_2013_5_7 | Which object is best seen with a microscope? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"human cell",
"cow heart",
"oak leaf",
"chicken leg"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which object is best seen with a microscope?
Choices:
A human cell
B cow heart
C oak leaf
D chicken leg | A human cell is best seen with a microscope. |
MCAS_2010_5_11995 | Corals are small marine organisms that live in groups and make hard outer skeletons to protect their bodies. Over time, these outer skeletons can build up to make large coral reefs. Which of the following statements best describes one way the formation of a coral reef changes the ocean ecosystem? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"It makes the ocean water saltier.",
"It removes sand from the ocean floor.",
"It causes ocean waves to become stronger.",
"It creates a habitat for some ocean animals."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Corals are small marine organisms that live in groups and make hard outer skeletons to protect their bodies. Over time, these outer skeletons can build up to make large coral reefs. Which of the following statements best describes one way the formation of a coral reef changes the ocean ecosystem?
Choices:
A It makes the ocean water saltier.
B It removes sand from the ocean floor.
C It causes ocean waves to become stronger.
D It creates a habitat for some ocean animals. | D It creates a habitat for some ocean animals. |
Mercury_7234343 | Which difference between land and water contributes most directly to global climate change resulting from tectonic movement? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mean material densities",
"magnetic material content",
"heat absorption and retention properties",
"rate of radioactivity-related heat release"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Which difference between land and water contributes most directly to global climate change resulting from tectonic movement?
Choices:
A mean material densities
B magnetic material content
C heat absorption and retention properties
D rate of radioactivity-related heat release | C heat absorption and retention properties |
OHAT_2007_5_12 | A student places a ball on the ground and kicks it. The ball moves along the ground. Why does the ball move? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The kick decreases the weight of the ball.",
"The kick applies a contact force to the ball.",
"The kick decreases the force of gravity acting on the ball.",
"The kick removes friction between the ball and the ground."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | A student places a ball on the ground and kicks it. The ball moves along the ground. Why does the ball move?
Choices:
A The kick decreases the weight of the ball.
B The kick applies a contact force to the ball.
C The kick decreases the force of gravity acting on the ball.
D The kick removes friction between the ball and the ground. | B The kick applies a contact force to the ball. |
Mercury_7009818 | Louis Pasteur's work in the nineteenth century on pasteurization greatly improved | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the quality of food.",
"the prediction of weather.",
"the availability of medication.",
"the effectiveness of vaccinations."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Louis Pasteur's work in the nineteenth century on pasteurization greatly improved
Choices:
A the quality of food.
B the prediction of weather.
C the availability of medication.
D the effectiveness of vaccinations. | A the quality of food. |
VASoL_2009_5_12 | What kind of energy do all moving objects have? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Light energy",
"Solar energy",
"Kinetic energy",
"Renewable energy"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | What kind of energy do all moving objects have?
Choices:
A Light energy
B Solar energy
C Kinetic energy
D Renewable energy | C Kinetic energy |
Mercury_7010063 | Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, affect world climate by | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"spreading plant and animal life over a wider area.",
"ensuring ocean density is not the same globally.",
"carrying sediment from rivers and inland basins.",
"transferring heat to and from various regions."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Ocean currents, like the Gulf Stream, affect world climate by
Choices:
A spreading plant and animal life over a wider area.
B ensuring ocean density is not the same globally.
C carrying sediment from rivers and inland basins.
D transferring heat to and from various regions. | D transferring heat to and from various regions. |
Mercury_SC_LBS10620 | Which would be best seen through a telescope? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a moon",
"a cell",
"a light ray",
"a molecule"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which would be best seen through a telescope?
Choices:
A a moon
B a cell
C a light ray
D a molecule | A moon would be best seen through a telescope. |
Mercury_412755 | An enclosed 20 mL metal cylinder was filled with a gas sample at room temperature. The sample then was transferred to an empty 40 mL enclosed container, also at room temperature. After being transferred, the volume of the gas was | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"10 mL.",
"20 mL.",
"30 mL.",
"40 mL."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | An enclosed 20 mL metal cylinder was filled with a gas sample at room temperature. The sample then was transferred to an empty 40 mL enclosed container, also at room temperature. After being transferred, the volume of the gas was
Choices:
A 10 mL.
B 20 mL.
C 30 mL.
D 40 mL. | B 20 mL.
Here's the reasoning:
1. Since the initial volume of the gas sample is 20 mL and it is transferred to an empty 40 mL container, the total volume of the gas in the container after transfer will be the sum of the |
Mercury_7159425 | After a storm, a hospital may have to rely on backup generators to power some equipment. Which is the energy conversion provided by the generators? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mechanical energy to electrical energy",
"thermal energy to mechanical energy",
"nuclear energy to mechanical energy",
"thermal energy to electrical energy"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | After a storm, a hospital may have to rely on backup generators to power some equipment. Which is the energy conversion provided by the generators?
Choices:
A mechanical energy to electrical energy
B thermal energy to mechanical energy
C nuclear energy to mechanical energy
D thermal energy to electrical energy | A mechanical energy to electrical energy |
Mercury_7222320 | The rover Spirit is a robotic probe that NASA has placed on Mars. The gravitational attraction of Mars is approximately 62% less than that of Earth. Compared to its measurements on Earth, on Mars the probe has | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the same weight and the same mass.",
"a larger weight, but smaller mass.",
"a smaller mass and larger weight.",
"a smaller weight and the same mass."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The rover Spirit is a robotic probe that NASA has placed on Mars. The gravitational attraction of Mars is approximately 62% less than that of Earth. Compared to its measurements on Earth, on Mars the probe has
Choices:
A the same weight and the same mass.
B a larger weight, but smaller mass.
C a smaller mass and larger weight.
D a smaller weight and the same mass. | B a larger weight, but smaller mass. |
Mercury_7268205 | Which of these is the basic building block of complex organisms? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a cell",
"a tissue",
"an organ",
"an organ system"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which of these is the basic building block of complex organisms?
Choices:
A a cell
B a tissue
C an organ
D an organ system | A cell is the basic building block of complex organisms. |
MCAS_8_2014_13 | Carbon dioxide produced by cells is removed from the body primarily by which body system? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"digestive",
"excretory",
"immune",
"respiratory"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Carbon dioxide produced by cells is removed from the body primarily by which body system?
Choices:
A digestive
B excretory
C immune
D respiratory | D respiratory |
Mercury_SC_400118 | In order for electricity from a battery to power a light bulb, the wire has to provide the electricity a path to do what? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"flow through the entire closed circuit",
"charge the air molecules near the circuit",
"jump from one battery terminal to the other",
"change the chemical properties of the wire"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | In order for electricity from a battery to power a light bulb, the wire has to provide the electricity a path to do what?
Choices:
A flow through the entire closed circuit
B charge the air molecules near the circuit
C jump from one battery terminal to the other
D change the chemical properties of the wire | A: flow through the entire closed circuit |
Mercury_SC_401164 | Plants store energy in what form? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"heat",
"light",
"chemical",
"mechanical"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Plants store energy in what form?
Choices:
A heat
B light
C chemical
D mechanical | C chemical |
MEA_2013_5_11 | A scientist compares ancient animal tracks to modern animal tracks. Which conclusion is the scientist most likely to reach? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Some ancient animals and some modern animals walk on four legs.",
"Most ancient animals and most modern animals hunt animals for food.",
"The same animals that lived long ago also live today.",
"All animals can walk."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A scientist compares ancient animal tracks to modern animal tracks. Which conclusion is the scientist most likely to reach?
Choices:
A Some ancient animals and some modern animals walk on four legs.
B Most ancient animals and most modern animals hunt animals for food.
C The same animals that lived long ago also live today.
D All animals can walk. | A Some ancient animals and some modern animals walk on four legs. |
Mercury_416642 | Which protist has starch granules in its cytoplasm? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"amoeba",
"euglena",
"paramecium",
"volvox"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which protist has starch granules in its cytoplasm?
Choices:
A amoeba
B euglena
C paramecium
D volvox | B euglena |
Mercury_SC_406543 | A student performed an experiment to see how long it would take for a cup of water to freeze. Which information would another student most likely need in order to perform the same experiment? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the time to begin",
"the volume of the cup",
"the temperature of the ice",
"the type of thermometer to use"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | A student performed an experiment to see how long it would take for a cup of water to freeze. Which information would another student most likely need in order to perform the same experiment?
Choices:
A the time to begin
B the volume of the cup
C the temperature of the ice
D the type of thermometer to use | B the volume of the cup |
Mercury_411809 | Which term correctly describes all of the following materials? salt water, vinegar, bronze, air, beach sand | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"compounds",
"mixtures",
"solutions",
"elements"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which term correctly describes all of the following materials? salt water, vinegar, bronze, air, beach sand
Choices:
A compounds
B mixtures
C solutions
D elements | B mixtures |
Mercury_7114923 | Clownfish take shelter in the tentacles of sea anemones and keep sea anemones clean. Which type of relationship does this represent? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"parasitism",
"commensalism",
"mutualism",
"neutralism"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Clownfish take shelter in the tentacles of sea anemones and keep sea anemones clean. Which type of relationship does this represent?
Choices:
A parasitism
B commensalism
C mutualism
D neutralism | B commensalism |
MCAS_2004_5_16 | Jonas needs to split a log. He has a sledge hammer. What other tool should he also use to split the log? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a lever",
"a pulley",
"a wedge",
"a fulcrum"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Jonas needs to split a log. He has a sledge hammer. What other tool should he also use to split the log?
Choices:
A a lever
B a pulley
C a wedge
D a fulcrum | C a wedge |
MDSA_2009_4_24 | A leaf is covered in mud during a landslide. After one million years, this leaf will most likely be ___. | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a fossil",
"an animal species",
"a new plant species",
"a nonrenewable fuel"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A leaf is covered in mud during a landslide. After one million years, this leaf will most likely be ___.
Choices:
A a fossil
B an animal species
C a new plant species
D a nonrenewable fuel | A a fossil |
Mercury_SC_400177 | Which material best conducts heat and electricity? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"metal",
"plastic",
"rubber",
"wood"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which material best conducts heat and electricity?
Choices:
A metal
B plastic
C rubber
D wood | A metal is the best conductor of both heat and electricity. |
Mercury_7213045 | As temperatures increase, which process is responsible for increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"ionization",
"evaporation",
"respiration",
"condensation"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | As temperatures increase, which process is responsible for increasing the amount of water vapor in the atmosphere?
Choices:
A ionization
B evaporation
C respiration
D condensation | B evaporation |
Mercury_405943 | Which part makes a plant cell different from an animal cell? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"cell membrane",
"cell wall",
"cytoplasm",
"nucleus"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which part makes a plant cell different from an animal cell?
Choices:
A cell membrane
B cell wall
C cytoplasm
D nucleus | B cell wall |
Mercury_7128870 | A teacher uses an instrument that records decibel levels. What is the teacher measuring? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"noise levels",
"intensity of light",
"relative humidity",
"types of thermal energy"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A teacher uses an instrument that records decibel levels. What is the teacher measuring?
Choices:
A noise levels
B intensity of light
C relative humidity
D types of thermal energy | A noise levels |
Mercury_SC_415390 | Erin wants to make a strong, light chair. Which natural material should she use? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"iron",
"granite",
"clay",
"wood"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Erin wants to make a strong, light chair. Which natural material should she use?
Choices:
A iron
B granite
C clay
D wood | Wood would be the best natural material for Erin to use to make a strong, light chair. Wood is a durable and versatile material that is easy to work with and can be shaped into a wide range of designs. Additionally, wood is renewable and can be sourced from sustainably managed forests, making it |
Mercury_SC_408857 | Nicole is learning about the characteristics of different vertebrates. Which is a common characteristic of mammals? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"They all live on land.",
"They all have hair or fur.",
"They are all good swimmers.",
"They all live in warm climates."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Nicole is learning about the characteristics of different vertebrates. Which is a common characteristic of mammals?
Choices:
A They all live on land.
B They all have hair or fur.
C They are all good swimmers.
D They all live in warm climates. | B They all have hair or fur. |
Mercury_7216090 | Which is the best example of a parasitic relationship? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"a woodpecker nesting in a cavity of a dead tree",
"a tapeworm absorbing food in the digestive tract of a wolf",
"a polar bear hunting a seal for food",
"a hummingbird transferring pollen between flowers"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which is the best example of a parasitic relationship?
Choices:
A a woodpecker nesting in a cavity of a dead tree
B a tapeworm absorbing food in the digestive tract of a wolf
C a polar bear hunting a seal for food
D a hummingbird transferring pollen between flowers | B) a tapeworm absorbing food in the digestive tract of a wolf is the best example of a parasitic relationship. |
MSA_2012_8_34 | Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are two reactive and dangerous elements. Chlorine is a halogen gas that can cause respiratory damage and sodium is an alkali metal that reacts violently with water. What happens to the properties of sodium and chlorine when they react to form sodium chloride (NaCl), common table salt? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The properties of both sodium and chlorine change.",
"The properties of both sodium and chlorine remain the same.",
"The properties of sodium are different but chlorine remains a dangerous gas.",
"The properties of sodium remain the same but the properties of chlorine change."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Sodium (Na) and chlorine (Cl) are two reactive and dangerous elements. Chlorine is a halogen gas that can cause respiratory damage and sodium is an alkali metal that reacts violently with water. What happens to the properties of sodium and chlorine when they react to form sodium chloride (NaCl), common table salt?
Choices:
A The properties of both sodium and chlorine change.
B The properties of both sodium and chlorine remain the same.
C The properties of sodium are different but chlorine remains a dangerous gas.
D The properties of sodium remain the same but the properties of chlorine change. | A The properties of both sodium and chlorine change. |
Mercury_SC_401642 | A marine iguana is an animal that lives on the shoreline of warm islands. Its tail is long and thick. Which of these is improved by the shape of its tail? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"swimming in the ocean",
"blending in with rocks",
"absorbing nutrients",
"finding food inland"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A marine iguana is an animal that lives on the shoreline of warm islands. Its tail is long and thick. Which of these is improved by the shape of its tail?
Choices:
A swimming in the ocean
B blending in with rocks
C absorbing nutrients
D finding food inland | B blending in with rocks |
Mercury_7018078 | The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"valence.",
"mass number.",
"chemical property.",
"electrical charge."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | The sum of protons and neutrons in the nucleus of an atom is called the
Choices:
A valence.
B mass number.
C chemical property.
D electrical charge. | B mass number. |
Mercury_401187 | The boiling point of water in degrees Celsius is | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"0°C.",
"32°C.",
"100°C.",
"212°C."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | The boiling point of water in degrees Celsius is
Choices:
A 0°C.
B 32°C.
C 100°C.
D 212°C. | D 212°C. |
MCAS_2005_9_11 | Two boxes, A and B, both contain the same number of nitrogen gas molecules. The gas molecules in box A have twice the average speed of the molecules in box B. Which of the following best describes the nitrogen gas in box A? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater mass than the nitrogen gas in box B.",
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater density than the nitrogen gas in box B.",
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B.",
"The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater specific gravity than the nitrogen gas in box B."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Two boxes, A and B, both contain the same number of nitrogen gas molecules. The gas molecules in box A have twice the average speed of the molecules in box B. Which of the following best describes the nitrogen gas in box A?
Choices:
A The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater mass than the nitrogen gas in box B.
B The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater density than the nitrogen gas in box B.
C The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B.
D The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater specific gravity than the nitrogen gas in box B. | C The nitrogen gas in box A has a greater temperature than the nitrogen gas in box B. |
Mercury_7003623 | Copper, silver, and nickel are all classified as | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"noble gases.",
"transition metals.",
"halogens.",
"nonmetals."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Copper, silver, and nickel are all classified as
Choices:
A noble gases.
B transition metals.
C halogens.
D nonmetals. | B transition metals. |
Mercury_7197890 | Animal cells perform functions using energy that is derived from glucose (C6H12O6). Which molecule is required for animal cells to obtain the most energy possible from a molecule of glucose? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"water",
"oxygen",
"lactic acid",
"carbon dioxide"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Animal cells perform functions using energy that is derived from glucose (C6H12O6). Which molecule is required for animal cells to obtain the most energy possible from a molecule of glucose?
Choices:
A water
B oxygen
C lactic acid
D carbon dioxide | B oxygen |
Mercury_7092365 | The theory of plate tectonics provides the current explanation for the way in which | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"stars change.",
"continents move.",
"rocks are formed.",
"tides are produced."
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | The theory of plate tectonics provides the current explanation for the way in which
Choices:
A stars change.
B continents move.
C rocks are formed.
D tides are produced. | B continents move. |
Mercury_SC_413631 | Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Xylem carries water from the roots to the leaves.",
"Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.",
"Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.",
"Phloem carries water from the flowers to the stems."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which of these correctly identifies the way materials are transported in a plant?
Choices:
A Xylem carries water from the roots to the leaves.
B Phloem carries minerals from the roots to the leaves.
C Xylem carries sugars from the flowers to the stems.
D Phloem carries water from the flowers to the stems. | A Xylem carries water from the roots to the leaves. |
Mercury_7098543 | What major and potentially catastrophic events can be predicted to occur in the Northern Hemisphere between the months of June and November? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"tsunamis",
"hurricanes",
"asteroid impacts",
"volcanic eruptions"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | What major and potentially catastrophic events can be predicted to occur in the Northern Hemisphere between the months of June and November?
Choices:
A tsunamis
B hurricanes
C asteroid impacts
D volcanic eruptions | B hurricanes |
TIMSS_2007_4_pg64 | Which is the best source of vitamins and minerals? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"fruits and vegetables",
"bread, rice, and pasta",
"milk and milk products",
"meat, fish, and poultry"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which is the best source of vitamins and minerals?
Choices:
A fruits and vegetables
B bread, rice, and pasta
C milk and milk products
D meat, fish, and poultry | A: Fruits and vegetables |
Mercury_SC_408556 | Evan is performing an investigation. Before conducting his investigation, what must Evan do? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"record his observations",
"develop a hypothesis",
"reach a conclusion",
"organize the data"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Evan is performing an investigation. Before conducting his investigation, what must Evan do?
Choices:
A record his observations
B develop a hypothesis
C reach a conclusion
D organize the data | B develop a hypothesis |
FCAT_2008_5_7 | Erosion and weathering can both cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which of the following happens only because of erosion and NOT because of weathering? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Rocks form deep underground.",
"Rocks become smooth and round.",
"Rocks are broken apart into small pieces.",
"Rocks are moved from one place to another."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Erosion and weathering can both cause changes to the surface of Earth. Which of the following happens only because of erosion and NOT because of weathering?
Choices:
A Rocks form deep underground.
B Rocks become smooth and round.
C Rocks are broken apart into small pieces.
D Rocks are moved from one place to another. | D Rocks are moved from one place to another. |
Mercury_400799 | A computer model of an insect population takes into account the following parameters: * available food resources * annual temperature variation * timing of insect reproductive cycles Which additional parameter would most significantly improve the model's accuracy when predicting the insect population size? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"decomposers recycling dead insects",
"annual variation in oxygen availability",
"activities of predators preying on insects",
"variation in barometric pressure"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | A computer model of an insect population takes into account the following parameters: * available food resources * annual temperature variation * timing of insect reproductive cycles Which additional parameter would most significantly improve the model's accuracy when predicting the insect population size?
Choices:
A decomposers recycling dead insects
B annual variation in oxygen availability
C activities of predators preying on insects
D variation in barometric pressure | C activities of predators preying on insects |
Mercury_SC_LBS10388 | What is the green pigment that allows plants to change the Sun's energy into chemical energy? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"glucose",
"chlorophyll",
"mitochondria",
"photosynthesis"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | What is the green pigment that allows plants to change the Sun's energy into chemical energy?
Choices:
A glucose
B chlorophyll
C mitochondria
D photosynthesis | B chlorophyll |
Mercury_SC_405783 | Every organism in an ecosystem receives energy from another source. Which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"deer",
"fungus",
"grass",
"hawk"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Every organism in an ecosystem receives energy from another source. Which of these organisms receives its energy directly from the Sun?
Choices:
A deer
B fungus
C grass
D hawk | C grass |
Mercury_SC_400662 | A few types of birds live in the same ecosystem. Which of these characteristics would most likely affect how they compete with each other for food? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the types of nests they build",
"the lengths of their tails",
"the shapes of their beaks",
"the colors of their feathers"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | A few types of birds live in the same ecosystem. Which of these characteristics would most likely affect how they compete with each other for food?
Choices:
A the types of nests they build
B the lengths of their tails
C the shapes of their beaks
D the colors of their feathers | C the shapes of their beaks |
Mercury_7144498 | Researchers are investigating whether dinosaurs were endothermic like birds. Which evidence from the fossil record could be effectively compared with modern day evidence to support this hypothesis? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"similarities in bone structure",
"seasonal shifts in food supply",
"consumption of the same plant species",
"tree rings indicating the return of a similar climate"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Researchers are investigating whether dinosaurs were endothermic like birds. Which evidence from the fossil record could be effectively compared with modern day evidence to support this hypothesis?
Choices:
A similarities in bone structure
B seasonal shifts in food supply
C consumption of the same plant species
D tree rings indicating the return of a similar climate | A similarities in bone structure would be the most effective comparison between the fossil record and modern day evidence to support the hypothesis that dinosaurs were endothermic like birds. Endothermic animals have specialized bone structures that allow for the production of heat within the body, such as hollow bones and air-filled spaces |
Mercury_7199045 | Anita heats a beaker containing water. As the temperature of the water increases, which change to the water molecules occurs? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The molecules move at a faster rate.",
"The molecules become more massive.",
"The molecules expand and become wider.",
"The molecules separate into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Anita heats a beaker containing water. As the temperature of the water increases, which change to the water molecules occurs?
Choices:
A The molecules move at a faster rate.
B The molecules become more massive.
C The molecules expand and become wider.
D The molecules separate into atoms of hydrogen and oxygen. | A The molecules move at a faster rate. |
Mercury_7098053 | When the fuel in a gasoline engine is burned, the energy conversion is from | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"chemical to thermal.",
"potential to nuclear.",
"thermal to potential.",
"electrical to kinetic."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | When the fuel in a gasoline engine is burned, the energy conversion is from
Choices:
A chemical to thermal.
B potential to nuclear.
C thermal to potential.
D electrical to kinetic. | A chemical to thermal. |
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_8_5 | Which human organ system produces most of the hormones that regulate body functions? | {
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
],
"text": [
"digestive",
"nervous",
"muscular",
"endocrine"
]
} | 4 | ARC-Easy | Which human organ system produces most of the hormones that regulate body functions?
Choices:
1 digestive
2 nervous
3 muscular
4 endocrine | 4 endocrine |
Mercury_7239698 | Research has shown that specialization of stem cells into specific cell types results, in part, from cell shape. What provides a specialized cell with its shape? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"number of mitochondria",
"presence of a nucleus",
"structure of the cytoskeleton",
"salt concentration of cytoplasm"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Research has shown that specialization of stem cells into specific cell types results, in part, from cell shape. What provides a specialized cell with its shape?
Choices:
A number of mitochondria
B presence of a nucleus
C structure of the cytoskeleton
D salt concentration of cytoplasm | C: Structure of the cytoskeleton |
Mercury_SC_405074 | Deer are plants-eaters. A winter storm kills many of the plants deer eat. The storm will most likely result in the deer | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"shedding a lot of fur.",
"traveling in a herd.",
"becoming thin.",
"feeding on meat."
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | Deer are plants-eaters. A winter storm kills many of the plants deer eat. The storm will most likely result in the deer
Choices:
A shedding a lot of fur.
B traveling in a herd.
C becoming thin.
D feeding on meat. | C becoming thin. |
MCAS_2011_5_17668 | Which of the following statements best describes sandy soils? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Sandy soils allow water to drain quickly.",
"Sandy soils easily break down into clay sediments.",
"Sandy soils hold plant roots tightly in place to prevent erosion.",
"Sandy soils have high levels of decomposed plant and animal matter."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which of the following statements best describes sandy soils?
Choices:
A Sandy soils allow water to drain quickly.
B Sandy soils easily break down into clay sediments.
C Sandy soils hold plant roots tightly in place to prevent erosion.
D Sandy soils have high levels of decomposed plant and animal matter. | A Sandy soils allow water to drain quickly. |
Mercury_7113978 | What is the most likely result of large-scale agricultural fertilization on aquatic systems? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"increased fish populations",
"more biodiversity over time",
"less oxygen available for fish",
"reduced water levels"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | What is the most likely result of large-scale agricultural fertilization on aquatic systems?
Choices:
A increased fish populations
B more biodiversity over time
C less oxygen available for fish
D reduced water levels | C less oxygen available for fish |
Mercury_SC_LBS10946 | When both a dominant and recessive gene are present, which of the following is true? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"The dominant trait will be visible.",
"The recessive trait will be visible.",
"Neither trait will be visible.",
"It cannot be predicted which trait will be visible."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | When both a dominant and recessive gene are present, which of the following is true?
Choices:
A The dominant trait will be visible.
B The recessive trait will be visible.
C Neither trait will be visible.
D It cannot be predicted which trait will be visible. | B The recessive trait will be visible. |
CSZ_2004_5_CSZ20156 | Which list gives the correct order of food traveling through the digestive system after it is swallowed? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine.",
"small intestine, large intestine, esophagus, stomach.",
"esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine.",
"esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Which list gives the correct order of food traveling through the digestive system after it is swallowed?
Choices:
A stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine.
B small intestine, large intestine, esophagus, stomach.
C esophagus, stomach, large intestine, small intestine.
D esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine. | The correct order of food traveling through the digestive system after it is swallowed is:
A stomach, esophagus, large intestine, small intestine. |
Mercury_7219695 | Scientists found trilobite and brachiopod index fossils in cliffs a great distance apart from each other. What can scientists infer about the rocks in which these fossils were found? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the age of the rock",
"the slope of the rock",
"the density of the rock",
"the weathering of the rock"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Scientists found trilobite and brachiopod index fossils in cliffs a great distance apart from each other. What can scientists infer about the rocks in which these fossils were found?
Choices:
A the age of the rock
B the slope of the rock
C the density of the rock
D the weathering of the rock | A the age of the rock |
LEAP_2004_4_10260 | Which object in the sky is a satellite of the planet Earth? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Sun",
"Moon",
"Mars",
"Saturn"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Which object in the sky is a satellite of the planet Earth?
Choices:
A Sun
B Moon
C Mars
D Saturn | B Moon |
TIMSS_2011_8_pg23 | The following waste materials are buried in a landfill. Which will break down most quickly? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"steel",
"plastic",
"glass",
"paper"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The following waste materials are buried in a landfill. Which will break down most quickly?
Choices:
A steel
B plastic
C glass
D paper | The waste material that will break down most quickly is D paper. Paper is highly biodegradable and can decompose within a few weeks to a few months, depending on factors such as moisture and temperature. In contrast, steel, plastic, and glass are not biodegradable and can take hundreds to thousands |
Mercury_7166950 | Stars appear to be blue, white, yellow, and red, even without the aid of a telescope. What causes the different colors of the stars? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the surface temperature",
"the distance from Earth",
"the distance from the Sun",
"the gases that compose the star"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Stars appear to be blue, white, yellow, and red, even without the aid of a telescope. What causes the different colors of the stars?
Choices:
A the surface temperature
B the distance from Earth
C the distance from the Sun
D the gases that compose the star | A the surface temperature |
Mercury_7235848 | The breakdown of ozone into oxygen results from the electromagnetic absorption spectrum of ozone. This production of oxygen in the ozone layer is caused by exposing ozone to a strong source of which type of electromagnetic radiation? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"radio waves",
"microwaves",
"infrared light",
"ultraviolet light"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | The breakdown of ozone into oxygen results from the electromagnetic absorption spectrum of ozone. This production of oxygen in the ozone layer is caused by exposing ozone to a strong source of which type of electromagnetic radiation?
Choices:
A radio waves
B microwaves
C infrared light
D ultraviolet light | D ultraviolet light |
Mercury_SC_400164 | What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"typing results into a computer",
"intuition",
"writing facts in a field notebook",
"observing the deer in their own habitat"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | What is the best way for a scientist to begin an investigation on a population of deer?
Choices:
A typing results into a computer
B intuition
C writing facts in a field notebook
D observing the deer in their own habitat | D observing the deer in their own habitat |
NYSEDREGENTS_2008_8_29 | The surface of Earth is covered mostly by | {
"label": [
"1",
"2",
"3",
"4"
],
"text": [
"solid rock",
"molten rock",
"ice",
"water"
]
} | 4 | ARC-Easy | The surface of Earth is covered mostly by
Choices:
1 solid rock
2 molten rock
3 ice
4 water | 4 water |
Mercury_SC_405120 | A coach is standing at the finish line of a race. He is holding a stopwatch. What is the coach most likely measuring with the stopwatch? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"the time of day",
"the distance of the race",
"the time it took to run the race",
"the number of steps taken by the runners"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | A coach is standing at the finish line of a race. He is holding a stopwatch. What is the coach most likely measuring with the stopwatch?
Choices:
A the time of day
B the distance of the race
C the time it took to run the race
D the number of steps taken by the runners | C the time it took to run the race |
Mercury_SC_415369 | Moths undergo complete metamorphosis. Which stages does a moth's life cycle include? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"egg, larva, and pupa",
"egg, nymph, and pupa",
"nymph, larva, and pupa",
"nymph, egg, and larva"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Moths undergo complete metamorphosis. Which stages does a moth's life cycle include?
Choices:
A egg, larva, and pupa
B egg, nymph, and pupa
C nymph, larva, and pupa
D nymph, egg, and larva | A: egg, larva, and pupa |
Mercury_176820 | In which of these organs does most absorption of nutrients take place? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"liver",
"stomach",
"small intestine",
"large intestine"
]
} | C | ARC-Easy | In which of these organs does most absorption of nutrients take place?
Choices:
A liver
B stomach
C small intestine
D large intestine | C small intestine |
MCAS_2012_8_23650 | A ship has a satellite communication device to identify the ship's position at sea. For which of the following activities is this device most likely used? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"control",
"guidance",
"propulsion",
"suspension"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | A ship has a satellite communication device to identify the ship's position at sea. For which of the following activities is this device most likely used?
Choices:
A control
B guidance
C propulsion
D suspension | B guidance |
Mercury_401583 | A model of an atom includes red marbles for electrons, green marbles for protons, and blue marbles for neutrons. All marbles have a radius of 2 cm. How could the model be changed to represent more properties of an atom? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"by using smaller marbles to represent electrons",
"by using two marbles to represent each neutron",
"by using two differently colored marbles for protons",
"by switching the colors of the marbles"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | A model of an atom includes red marbles for electrons, green marbles for protons, and blue marbles for neutrons. All marbles have a radius of 2 cm. How could the model be changed to represent more properties of an atom?
Choices:
A by using smaller marbles to represent electrons
B by using two marbles to represent each neutron
C by using two differently colored marbles for protons
D by switching the colors of the marbles | To represent more properties of an atom, the model could be changed in the following ways:
A. By using smaller marbles to represent electrons: This would make the model more accurate, as electrons are much smaller than protons and neutrons. This would also make it easier to see the electron or |
Mercury_179200 | Often organisms seem similar in their outward appearances. For example, a porpoise and a shark seem closely related, but they are not. Such similarity is the result of | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"convergent evolution.",
"adaptive radiation.",
"artificial selection.",
"genetic equilibrium."
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Often organisms seem similar in their outward appearances. For example, a porpoise and a shark seem closely related, but they are not. Such similarity is the result of
Choices:
A convergent evolution.
B adaptive radiation.
C artificial selection.
D genetic equilibrium. | A convergent evolution. |
Mercury_7270043 | Most electricity in the United States is generated using coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, or hydropower. Which of these add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"coal and natural gas",
"natural gas and nuclear energy",
"nuclear energy and hydropower",
"hydropower and coal"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Most electricity in the United States is generated using coal, natural gas, nuclear energy, or hydropower. Which of these add carbon dioxide to the atmosphere?
Choices:
A coal and natural gas
B natural gas and nuclear energy
C nuclear energy and hydropower
D hydropower and coal | A: Coal and natural gas |
Mercury_7093013 | Plant leaves have tiny pores. These pores help plants release water from their tissues into the | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"lithosphere.",
"biosphere.",
"hydrosphere.",
"atmosphere."
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Plant leaves have tiny pores. These pores help plants release water from their tissues into the
Choices:
A lithosphere.
B biosphere.
C hydrosphere.
D atmosphere. | C hydrosphere. |
TIMSS_2007_8_pg102 | Which is NOT an example of a chemical change? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"Melting ice",
"corroding silver",
"Burning match",
"Rotting vegetation"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | Which is NOT an example of a chemical change?
Choices:
A Melting ice
B corroding silver
C Burning match
D Rotting vegetation | A melting ice is NOT an example of a chemical change. This is because a chemical change involves a change in the chemical composition of a substance, while melting is simply a physical change in state. |
Mercury_7220483 | Some jet airplanes fly in a layer of the atmosphere where temperature generally increases with altitude. What is this layer of the atmosphere? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"mesosphere",
"stratosphere",
"thermosphere",
"troposphere"
]
} | B | ARC-Easy | Some jet airplanes fly in a layer of the atmosphere where temperature generally increases with altitude. What is this layer of the atmosphere?
Choices:
A mesosphere
B stratosphere
C thermosphere
D troposphere | B stratosphere |
AIMS_2009_4_13 | All animals need air to survive. An insect gets air through tiny holes on the sides of its body. A whale breathes through a blow hole. What body part do fish use to breathe? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"gills",
"skin",
"nose",
"mouth"
]
} | A | ARC-Easy | All animals need air to survive. An insect gets air through tiny holes on the sides of its body. A whale breathes through a blow hole. What body part do fish use to breathe?
Choices:
A gills
B skin
C nose
D mouth | A gills |
NYSEDREGENTS_2012_4_11 | Which property of an object describes how easily electricity travels through it? | {
"label": [
"A",
"B",
"C",
"D"
],
"text": [
"color",
"temperature",
"reflectivity",
"conductivity"
]
} | D | ARC-Easy | Which property of an object describes how easily electricity travels through it?
Choices:
A color
B temperature
C reflectivity
D conductivity | D conductivity |