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gem-squad_v2-train-1100 | 5a8493837cf838001a46a96f | Endangered_Species_Act | The Candidate Conservation Agreement is closely related to the "Safe Harbor" agreement, the main difference is that the Candidate Conservation Agreements With Assurances(CCA) are meant to protect unlisted species by providing incentives to private landowners and land managing agencies to restore, enhance or maintain habitat of unlisted species which are declining and have the potential to become threatened or endangered if critical habitat is not protected. The FWS will then assure that if, in the future the unlisted species becomes listed, the landowner will not be required to do more than already agreed upon in the CCA. | What does Safe Harbor protect? | What does Safe Harbor protect? | [
"What does Safe Harbor protect?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1101 | 572ec5aedfa6aa1500f8d37d | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | What animal species was delisted in August 2008? | What animal species was delisted in August 2008? | [
"What animal species was delisted in August 2008?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Virginia northern flying squirrel"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1102 | 572ec5aedfa6aa1500f8d37e | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | How long had the squirrel been listed as endangered? | How long had the squirrel been listed as endangered? | [
"How long had the squirrel been listed as endangered?"
] | {
"text": [
"listed since 1985"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1103 | 572ec5aedfa6aa1500f8d37f | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | Which president signed an Act directing the delisting of the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf? | Which president signed an Act directing the delisting of the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf? | [
"Which president signed an Act directing the delisting of the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf?"
] | {
"text": [
"President Obama"
],
"answer_start": [
224
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1104 | 5a849fbe7cf838001a46a9b0 | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | What animal was added in 2008? | What animal was added in 2008? | [
"What animal was added in 2008?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1105 | 5a849fbe7cf838001a46a9b1 | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | When was the gray wolf added to the list? | When was the gray wolf added to the list? | [
"When was the gray wolf added to the list?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1106 | 5a849fbe7cf838001a46a9b2 | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | Who delisted the flying squirrel? | Who delisted the flying squirrel? | [
"Who delisted the flying squirrel?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1107 | 5a849fbe7cf838001a46a9b3 | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | What did the Secretary of the Interior sign in 2011? | What did the Secretary of the Interior sign in 2011? | [
"What did the Secretary of the Interior sign in 2011?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1108 | 5a849fbe7cf838001a46a9b4 | Endangered_Species_Act | Two examples of animal species recently delisted are: the Virginia northern flying squirrel (subspecies) on August, 2008, which had been listed since 1985, and the gray wolf (Northern Rocky Mountain DPS). On April 15, 2011, President Obama signed the Department of Defense and Full-Year Appropriations Act of 2011. A section of that Appropriations Act directed the Secretary of the Interior to reissue within 60 days of enactment the final rule published on April 2, 2009, that identified the Northern Rocky Mountain population of gray wolf (Canis lupus) as a distinct population segment (DPS) and to revise the List of Endangered and Threatened Wildlife by removing most of the gray wolves in the DPS. | What is the latin name for the flying squirrel? | What is the latin name for the flying squirrel? | [
"What is the latin name for the flying squirrel?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1109 | 572ec623dfa6aa1500f8d383 | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | As of September 2012, how many species had been delisted due to recovery? | As of September 2012, how many species had been delisted due to recovery? | [
"As of September 2012, how many species had been delisted due to recovery?"
] | {
"text": [
"twenty-eight"
],
"answer_start": [
60
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1110 | 572ec623dfa6aa1500f8d384 | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | Of the ten species removed due to extinction, how many are believe to have already been extinct when listed? | Of the ten species removed due to extinction, how many are believe to have already been extinct when listed? | [
"Of the ten species removed due to extinction, how many are believe to have already been extinct when listed?"
] | {
"text": [
"seven"
],
"answer_start": [
113
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1111 | 572ec623dfa6aa1500f8d385 | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | How many species have been downgraded from endangered to threatened status? | How many species have been downgraded from endangered to threatened status? | [
"How many species have been downgraded from endangered to threatened status?"
] | {
"text": [
"Twenty-five"
],
"answer_start": [
430
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1112 | 572ec623dfa6aa1500f8d386 | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | How many species were delisted due to discoveries of new populations? | How many species were delisted due to discoveries of new populations? | [
"How many species were delisted due to discoveries of new populations?"
] | {
"text": [
"six"
],
"answer_start": [
244
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1113 | 5a84a0597cf838001a46a9ba | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | How many species were delisted in September 2012? | How many species were delisted in September 2012? | [
"How many species were delisted in September 2012?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1114 | 5a84a0597cf838001a46a9bb | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | How many species have gone from threatened to endangered? | How many species have gone from threatened to endangered? | [
"How many species have gone from threatened to endangered?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1115 | 5a84a0597cf838001a46a9bc | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | How many new populations were lost? | How many new populations were lost? | [
"How many new populations were lost?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1116 | 5a84a0597cf838001a46a9bd | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | How many species have recovered since 2012 due to changes? | How many species have recovered since 2012 due to changes? | [
"How many species have recovered since 2012 due to changes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1117 | 5a84a0597cf838001a46a9be | Endangered_Species_Act | As of September 2012, fifty-six species have been delisted; twenty-eight due to recovery, ten due to extinction (seven of which are believed to have been extinct prior to being listed), ten due to changes in taxonomic classification practices, six due to discovery of new populations, one due to an error in the listing rule, and one due to an amendment to the Endangered Species Act specifically requiring the species delisting. Twenty-five others have been down listed from "endangered" to "threatened" status. | When was the amendment to the ESA published? | When was the amendment to the ESA published? | [
"When was the amendment to the ESA published?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1118 | 572ec6bccb0c0d14000f1548 | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | How many species are currently listed? | How many species are currently listed? | [
"How many species are currently listed?"
] | {
"text": [
"over 2,000"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1119 | 572ec6bccb0c0d14000f1549 | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | What is the success rate of the list and the Endangered Species Act initiatives? | What is the success rate of the list and the Endangered Species Act initiatives? | [
"What is the success rate of the list and the Endangered Species Act initiatives?"
] | {
"text": [
"1%"
],
"answer_start": [
152
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1120 | 572ec6bccb0c0d14000f154a | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | What is the name given to the act of pre-emptive habitat destruction by landowners fearing a protected species? | What is the name given to the act of pre-emptive habitat destruction by landowners fearing a protected species? | [
"What is the name given to the act of pre-emptive habitat destruction by landowners fearing a protected species?"
] | {
"text": [
"\"Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up.\""
],
"answer_start": [
490
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1121 | 572ec6bccb0c0d14000f154b | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | How did a land owner impact the protected red-cockaded woodpecker species? | How did a land owner impact the protected red-cockaded woodpecker species? | [
"How did a land owner impact the protected red-cockaded woodpecker species?"
] | {
"text": [
"increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat"
],
"answer_start": [
653
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1122 | 5a84a2057cf838001a46a9d8 | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | Less than how many species are still listed? | Less than how many species are still listed? | [
"Less than how many species are still listed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1123 | 5a84a2057cf838001a46a9d9 | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | How long has the ESA been using the "Shoot, Shovel, and Shut-up" method? | How long has the ESA been using the "Shoot, Shovel, and Shut-up" method? | [
"How long has the ESA been using the \"Shoot, Shovel, and Shut-up\" method?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1124 | 5a84a2057cf838001a46a9da | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | What have studies shown the negative effects outweigh? | What have studies shown the negative effects outweigh? | [
"What have studies shown the negative effects outweigh?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1125 | 5a84a2057cf838001a46a9db | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | What is another name for the ESA's practices? | What is another name for the ESA's practices? | [
"What is another name for the ESA's practices?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1126 | 5a84a2057cf838001a46a9dc | Endangered_Species_Act | Opponents of the Endangered Species Act argue that with over 2,000 endangered species listed, and only 28 delisted due to recovery, the success rate of 1% over nearly three decades proves that there needs to be serious reform in their methods to actually help the endangered animals and plants. Others argue that the ESA may encourage preemptive habitat destruction by landowners who fear losing the use of their land because of the presence of an endangered species; known colloquially as "Shoot, Shovel and Shut-Up." One example of such perverse incentives is the case of a forest owner who, in response to ESA listing of the red-cockaded woodpecker, increased harvesting and shortened the age at which he harvests his trees to ensure that they do not become old enough to become suitable habitat. While no studies have shown that the Act's negative effects, in total, exceed the positive effects, many economists believe that finding a way to reduce such perverse incentives would lead to more effective protection of endangered species. | What is the success rate of Shoot, Shovel, and Shut-Up? | What is the success rate of Shoot, Shovel, and Shut-Up? | [
"What is the success rate of Shoot, Shovel, and Shut-Up?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1127 | 572ec78cc246551400ce464c | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | What is one particular industry that exploits Endangered Species Act loopholes? | What is one particular industry that exploits Endangered Species Act loopholes? | [
"What is one particular industry that exploits Endangered Species Act loopholes?"
] | {
"text": [
"exotic pet trade"
],
"answer_start": [
148
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1128 | 572ec78cc246551400ce464d | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | What is one particular loophole that aids roadside zoos and private collectors? | What is one particular loophole that aids roadside zoos and private collectors? | [
"What is one particular loophole that aids roadside zoos and private collectors?"
] | {
"text": [
"no provisions are made for in-state commerce"
],
"answer_start": [
255
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1129 | 572ec78cc246551400ce464e | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | What allows exploitation of interstate commerce regulations? | What allows exploitation of interstate commerce regulations? | [
"What allows exploitation of interstate commerce regulations?"
] | {
"text": [
"the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold"
],
"answer_start": [
390
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1130 | 572ec78cc246551400ce464f | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | How can fake breeding loans be used to sell wildlife? | How can fake breeding loans be used to sell wildlife? | [
"How can fake breeding loans be used to sell wildlife?"
] | {
"text": [
"in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary \"donation\" from the receiving party."
],
"answer_start": [
611
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1131 | 572ec78cc246551400ce4650 | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | Why are there not more arrests from undercover investigations of interstate wildlife commerce? | Why are there not more arrests from undercover investigations of interstate wildlife commerce? | [
"Why are there not more arrests from undercover investigations of interstate wildlife commerce?"
] | {
"text": [
"the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations"
],
"answer_start": [
772
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1132 | 5a84a2f57cf838001a46a9e2 | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | When did people begin exploiting ESA loopholes? | When did people begin exploiting ESA loopholes? | [
"When did people begin exploiting ESA loopholes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1133 | 5a84a2f57cf838001a46a9e3 | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | What organization prevents animals from being sold to zoos or collectors? | What organization prevents animals from being sold to zoos or collectors? | [
"What organization prevents animals from being sold to zoos or collectors?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1134 | 5a84a2f57cf838001a46a9e4 | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | What is the name of the endangered species specialist that was interviewed? | What is the name of the endangered species specialist that was interviewed? | [
"What is the name of the endangered species specialist that was interviewed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1135 | 5a84a2f57cf838001a46a9e5 | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | What agency is overstaffed? | What agency is overstaffed? | [
"What agency is overstaffed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1136 | 5a84a2f57cf838001a46a9e6 | Endangered_Species_Act | According to research published in 1999 by Alan Green and the Center for Public Integrity (CPI), loopholes in the ESA are commonly exploited in the exotic pet trade. Although the legislation prohibits interstate and foreign transactions for list species, no provisions are made for in-state commerce, allowing these animals to be sold to roadside zoos and private collectors. Additionally, the ESA allows listed species to be shipped across state lines as long as they are not sold. According to Green and the CPI, this allows dealers to "donate" listed species through supposed "breeding loans" to anyone, and in return they can legally receive a reciprocal monetary "donation" from the receiving party. Furthermore, an interview with an endangered species specialist at the US Fish and Wildlife Service revealed that the agency does not have sufficient staff to perform undercover investigations, which would catch these false "donations" and other mislabeled transactions. | What named organization has been exploiting loopholes? | What named organization has been exploiting loopholes? | [
"What named organization has been exploiting loopholes?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1137 | 572ec878dfa6aa1500f8d3af | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | The Center for Public Integrity found that 151 of what primate were moved from the New England Primate Research Center into exotic pet trade? | The Center for Public Integrity found that 151 of what primate were moved from the New England Primate Research Center into exotic pet trade? | [
"The Center for Public Integrity found that 151 of what primate were moved from the New England Primate Research Center into exotic pet trade?"
] | {
"text": [
"cotton-top tamarin"
],
"answer_start": [
108
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1138 | 572ec878dfa6aa1500f8d3b0 | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | What happened in 1976 that impacted this primate's classification as Endanger? | What happened in 1976 that impacted this primate's classification as Endanger? | [
"What happened in 1976 that impacted this primate's classification as Endanger?"
] | {
"text": [
"over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States"
],
"answer_start": [
402
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1139 | 572ec878dfa6aa1500f8d3b1 | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | What school is affiliated with the New England Primate Research Center? | What school is affiliated with the New England Primate Research Center? | [
"What school is affiliated with the New England Primate Research Center?"
] | {
"text": [
"Harvard"
],
"answer_start": [
254
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1140 | 5a84a4d17cf838001a46a9f6 | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | What school was running the pet trade? | What school was running the pet trade? | [
"What school was running the pet trade?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1141 | 5a84a4d17cf838001a46a9f7 | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | How many cotton-top tamarins were traded out of the US in 1976? | How many cotton-top tamarins were traded out of the US in 1976? | [
"How many cotton-top tamarins were traded out of the US in 1976?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1142 | 5a84a4d17cf838001a46a9f8 | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | Who works for the New England Regional Primate Research Center? | Who works for the New England Regional Primate Research Center? | [
"Who works for the New England Regional Primate Research Center?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1143 | 5a84a4d17cf838001a46a9f9 | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | What was the official number of the cotton-top tamarins species under the ESA? | What was the official number of the cotton-top tamarins species under the ESA? | [
"What was the official number of the cotton-top tamarins species under the ESA?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1144 | 5a84a4d17cf838001a46a9fa | Endangered_Species_Act | Green and the CPI further noted another exploit of the ESA in their discussion of the critically endangered cotton-top tamarin (Saguinus oedipus). Not only had they found documentation that 151 of these primates had inadvertently made their way from the Harvard-affiliated New England Regional Primate Research Center into the exotic pet trade through the aforementioned loophole, but in October 1976, over 800 cotton-top tamarins were imported into the United States in order to beat the official listing of the species under the ESA. | How many primates did Harvard purchase? | How many primates did Harvard purchase? | [
"How many primates did Harvard purchase?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1145 | 572ec920cb0c0d14000f155c | Endangered_Species_Act | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies. Subsequently, lists of endangered and threatened species within their boundaries have been prepared by each state. These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states, and which therefore are not included on the national list of endangered and threatened species. Examples include Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California. | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for what purpose? | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for what purpose? | [
"Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for what purpose?"
] | {
"text": [
"development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies"
],
"answer_start": [
61
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1146 | 572ec920cb0c0d14000f155d | Endangered_Species_Act | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies. Subsequently, lists of endangered and threatened species within their boundaries have been prepared by each state. These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states, and which therefore are not included on the national list of endangered and threatened species. Examples include Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California. | What is one notable drawback with state wildlife agencies creating their own lists? | What is one notable drawback with state wildlife agencies creating their own lists? | [
"What is one notable drawback with state wildlife agencies creating their own lists?"
] | {
"text": [
"These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states"
],
"answer_start": [
280
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1147 | 572ec920cb0c0d14000f155e | Endangered_Species_Act | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies. Subsequently, lists of endangered and threatened species within their boundaries have been prepared by each state. These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states, and which therefore are not included on the national list of endangered and threatened species. Examples include Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California. | What states are listing species that are endangered in their own state, but that are not endangered in all other states? | What states are listing species that are endangered in their own state, but that are not endangered in all other states? | [
"What states are listing species that are endangered in their own state, but that are not endangered in all other states?"
] | {
"text": [
"Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California"
],
"answer_start": [
530
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1148 | 5a84a5ed7cf838001a46aa00 | Endangered_Species_Act | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies. Subsequently, lists of endangered and threatened species within their boundaries have been prepared by each state. These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states, and which therefore are not included on the national list of endangered and threatened species. Examples include Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California. | What states do not have their own lists? | What states do not have their own lists? | [
"What states do not have their own lists?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1149 | 5a84a5ed7cf838001a46aa01 | Endangered_Species_Act | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies. Subsequently, lists of endangered and threatened species within their boundaries have been prepared by each state. These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states, and which therefore are not included on the national list of endangered and threatened species. Examples include Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California. | What defunded the development of programs for managing endangered species? | What defunded the development of programs for managing endangered species? | [
"What defunded the development of programs for managing endangered species?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1150 | 5a84a5ed7cf838001a46aa02 | Endangered_Species_Act | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies. Subsequently, lists of endangered and threatened species within their boundaries have been prepared by each state. These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states, and which therefore are not included on the national list of endangered and threatened species. Examples include Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California. | What did Section 6 of the act separate boundaries by? | What did Section 6 of the act separate boundaries by? | [
"What did Section 6 of the act separate boundaries by?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1151 | 5a84a5ed7cf838001a46aa03 | Endangered_Species_Act | Section 6 of the Endangered Species Act provided funding for development of programs for management of threatened and endangered species by state wildlife agencies. Subsequently, lists of endangered and threatened species within their boundaries have been prepared by each state. These state lists often include species which are considered endangered or threatened within a specific state but not within all states, and which therefore are not included on the national list of endangered and threatened species. Examples include Florida, Minnesota, Maine, and California. | Who funded species within specific states? | Who funded species within specific states? | [
"Who funded species within specific states?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1152 | 572ec9bf03f9891900756a25 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | Is the public given incentive to report Endangered Species Act violations? | Is the public given incentive to report Endangered Species Act violations? | [
"Is the public given incentive to report Endangered Species Act violations?"
] | {
"text": [
"A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1153 | 572ec9bf03f9891900756a26 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | Given that a violator caused wildlife harm, who may provide financial assistance for the care of the harmed wildlife? | Given that a violator caused wildlife harm, who may provide financial assistance for the care of the harmed wildlife? | [
"Given that a violator caused wildlife harm, who may provide financial assistance for the care of the harmed wildlife?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Secretary"
],
"answer_start": [
227
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1154 | 572ec9bf03f9891900756a27 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | Costs over what balance lead to the Secretary of the Treasury depositing money into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund? | Costs over what balance lead to the Secretary of the Treasury depositing money into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund? | [
"Costs over what balance lead to the Secretary of the Treasury depositing money into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund?"
] | {
"text": [
"$500,000"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1155 | 5a84a7cf7cf838001a46aa12 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | What do local employees get if they report information that leads to an arrest? | What do local employees get if they report information that leads to an arrest? | [
"What do local employees get if they report information that leads to an arrest?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1156 | 5a84a7cf7cf838001a46aa13 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | Up to how much is the reward worth? | Up to how much is the reward worth? | [
"Up to how much is the reward worth?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1157 | 5a84a7cf7cf838001a46aa14 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | What must the Secretary do if the budget is below $500,000? | What must the Secretary do if the budget is below $500,000? | [
"What must the Secretary do if the budget is below $500,000?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1158 | 5a84a7cf7cf838001a46aa15 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | What three types of employees are allowed to accept a reward? | What three types of employees are allowed to accept a reward? | [
"What three types of employees are allowed to accept a reward?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1159 | 5a84a7cf7cf838001a46aa16 | Endangered_Species_Act | A reward will be paid to any person who furnishes information which leads to an arrest, conviction, or revocation of a license, so long as they are not a local, state, or federal employee in the performance of official duties. The Secretary may also provide reasonable and necessary costs incurred for the care of fish, wildlife, and forest service or plant pending the violation caused by the criminal. If the balance ever exceeds $500,000 the Secretary of the Treasury is required to deposit an amount equal to the excess into the cooperative endangered species conservation fund. | What kind of cost does the Secretary not cover? | What kind of cost does the Secretary not cover? | [
"What kind of cost does the Secretary not cover?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1160 | 573084572461fd1900a9ce77 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What is an aerodome with facilities for flights to take off and land? | What is an aerodome with facilities for flights to take off and land? | [
"What is an aerodome with facilities for flights to take off and land?"
] | {
"text": [
"airport"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1161 | 573084572461fd1900a9ce78 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What is an aerially accessible open space that includes at least one active surface such as a runway or a helipad? | What is an aerially accessible open space that includes at least one active surface such as a runway or a helipad? | [
"What is an aerially accessible open space that includes at least one active surface such as a runway or a helipad?"
] | {
"text": [
"landing area"
],
"answer_start": [
186
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1162 | 573084572461fd1900a9ce79 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What is an airport? | What is an airport? | [
"What is an airport?"
] | {
"text": [
"aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land"
],
"answer_start": [
17
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1163 | 5a4e72b0755ab9001a10f451 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What is the definition of a control tower? | What is the definition of a control tower? | [
"What is the definition of a control tower?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1164 | 5a4e72b0755ab9001a10f452 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What do larger control towers have? | What do larger control towers have? | [
"What do larger control towers have?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1165 | 5a4e72b0755ab9001a10f453 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What is an example of the area around a utility building? | What is an example of the area around a utility building? | [
"What is an example of the area around a utility building?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1166 | 5a4e72b0755ab9001a10f454 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What is an example of an airport apron? | What is an example of an airport apron? | [
"What is an example of an airport apron?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1167 | 5a4e72b0755ab9001a10f455 | Airport | An airport is an aerodrome with facilities for flights to take off and land. Airports often have facilities to store and maintain aircraft, and a control tower. An airport consists of a landing area, which comprises an aerially accessible open space including at least one operationally active surface such as a runway for a plane to take off or a helipad, and often includes adjacent utility buildings such as control towers, hangars and terminals. Larger airports may have fixed base operator services, airport aprons, air traffic control centres, passenger facilities such as restaurants and lounges, and emergency services. | What is the definition of a helipad? | What is the definition of a helipad? | [
"What is the definition of a helipad?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1168 | 573084ab396df91900096167 | Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services. | What do airports use to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft? | What do airports use to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft? | [
"What do airports use to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [
"traffic pattern"
],
"answer_start": [
164
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1169 | 573084ab396df91900096168 | Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services. | What is an important concern in the operation of an airport? | What is an important concern in the operation of an airport? | [
"What is an important concern in the operation of an airport?"
] | {
"text": [
"Air safety"
],
"answer_start": [
647
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1170 | 5a4e7415755ab9001a10f45b | Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services. | What describes most automated weather stations at an airport? | What describes most automated weather stations at an airport? | [
"What describes most automated weather stations at an airport?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1171 | 5a4e7415755ab9001a10f45c | Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services. | What do all pilots use? | What do all pilots use? | [
"What do all pilots use?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1172 | 5a4e7415755ab9001a10f45d | Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services. | What is available to help air traffic control with flights? | What is available to help air traffic control with flights? | [
"What is available to help air traffic control with flights?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1173 | 5a4e7415755ab9001a10f45e | Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services. | What does an air traffic control system also use? | What does an air traffic control system also use? | [
"What does an air traffic control system also use?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1174 | 5a4e7415755ab9001a10f45f | Airport | The majority of the world's airports are non-towered, with no air traffic control presence. Busy airports have air traffic control (ATC) system. All airports use a traffic pattern to assure smooth traffic flow between departing and arriving aircraft. There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. Many airports have lighting that help guide planes using the runways and taxiways at night or in rain, snow, or fog. In the U.S. and Canada, the vast majority of airports, large and small, will either have some form of automated airport weather station, a human observer or a combination of the two. Air safety is an important concern in the operation of an airport, and airports often have their own safety services. | What is an important concern for pilots? | What is an important concern for pilots? | [
"What is an important concern for pilots?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1175 | 57308546396df9190009616c | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | How many commercial airports did the British Airports Authority originally operate? | How many commercial airports did the British Airports Authority originally operate? | [
"How many commercial airports did the British Airports Authority originally operate?"
] | {
"text": [
"eight"
],
"answer_start": [
275
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1176 | 57308546396df9190009616d | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | What group took over the British Airports Authority in 2006? | What group took over the British Airports Authority in 2006? | [
"What group took over the British Airports Authority in 2006?"
] | {
"text": [
"Spanish Ferrovial consortium"
],
"answer_start": [
409
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1177 | 57308546396df9190009616e | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | What group manages the Frankfurt Airport? | What group manages the Frankfurt Airport? | [
"What group manages the Frankfurt Airport?"
] | {
"text": [
"Fraport"
],
"answer_start": [
576
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1178 | 57308546396df9190009616f | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | Who operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport? | Who operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport? | [
"Who operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport?"
] | {
"text": [
"GMR Group"
],
"answer_start": [
600
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1179 | 5a4e75e0755ab9001a10f465 | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | When was the Airports Authority of India privatized? | When was the Airports Authority of India privatized? | [
"When was the Airports Authority of India privatized?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1180 | 5a4e75e0755ab9001a10f466 | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | In what year was the Airports Authority of India taken over by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium? | In what year was the Airports Authority of India taken over by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium? | [
"In what year was the Airports Authority of India taken over by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1181 | 5a4e75e0755ab9001a10f467 | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | How many commercial airports does Fraport in the UK manage? | How many commercial airports does Fraport in the UK manage? | [
"How many commercial airports does Fraport in the UK manage?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1182 | 5a4e75e0755ab9001a10f468 | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | How many airports did Fraport manage originally in the UK? | How many airports did Fraport manage originally in the UK? | [
"How many airports did Fraport manage originally in the UK?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1183 | 5a4e75e0755ab9001a10f469 | Airport | Most of the world's airports are owned by local, regional, or national government bodies who then lease the airport to private corporations who oversee the airport's operation. For example, in the United Kingdom the state-owned British Airports Authority originally operated eight of the nation's major commercial airports - it was subsequently privatized in the late 1980s, and following its takeover by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium in 2006, has been further divested and downsized to operating just five. Germany's Frankfurt Airport is managed by the quasi-private firm Fraport. While in India GMR Group operates, through joint ventures, Indira Gandhi International Airport and Rajiv Gandhi International Airport. Bengaluru International Airport and Chhatrapati Shivaji International Airport are controlled by GVK Group. The rest of India's airports are managed by the Airports Authority of India. | What happened to Fraport when it was taken over by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium? | What happened to Fraport when it was taken over by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium? | [
"What happened to Fraport when it was taken over by the Spanish Ferrovial consortium?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1184 | 573086f82461fd1900a9ce7d | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | Airports are divided into what two areas? | Airports are divided into what two areas? | [
"Airports are divided into what two areas?"
] | {
"text": [
"landside and airside"
],
"answer_start": [
26
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1185 | 573086f82461fd1900a9ce7e | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | What do landside areas include? | What do landside areas include? | [
"What do landside areas include?"
] | {
"text": [
"parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1186 | 573086f82461fd1900a9ce7f | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | What do airside areas include? | What do airside areas include? | [
"What do airside areas include?"
] | {
"text": [
"all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons"
],
"answer_start": [
168
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1187 | 573086f82461fd1900a9ce80 | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | Where can passengers purchase tickets? | Where can passengers purchase tickets? | [
"Where can passengers purchase tickets?"
] | {
"text": [
"terminals"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1188 | 573086f82461fd1900a9ce81 | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | What is the waiting area which provide passengers access to aircraft? | What is the waiting area which provide passengers access to aircraft? | [
"What is the waiting area which provide passengers access to aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [
"concourses"
],
"answer_start": [
587
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1189 | 5a4e77e1755ab9001a10f46f | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | What are two areas that luggage claim is divided into? | What are two areas that luggage claim is divided into? | [
"What are two areas that luggage claim is divided into?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1190 | 5a4e77e1755ab9001a10f470 | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | How is access between parking lots and access roads treated? | How is access between parking lots and access roads treated? | [
"How is access between parking lots and access roads treated?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1191 | 5a4e77e1755ab9001a10f471 | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | Where do passengers on access roads access public transportation? | Where do passengers on access roads access public transportation? | [
"Where do passengers on access roads access public transportation?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1192 | 5a4e77e1755ab9001a10f472 | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | Where can you board a train through gates? | Where can you board a train through gates? | [
"Where can you board a train through gates?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1193 | 5a4e77e1755ab9001a10f473 | Airport | Airports are divided into landside and airside areas. Landside areas include parking lots, public transportation train stations and access roads. Airside areas include all areas accessible to aircraft, including runways, taxiways and aprons. Access from landside areas to airside areas is tightly controlled at most airports. Passengers on commercial flights access airside areas through terminals, where they can purchase tickets, clear security check, or claim luggage and board aircraft through gates. The waiting areas which provide passenger access to aircraft are typically called concourses, although this term is often used interchangeably with terminal. | What is another name for taxiways? | What is another name for taxiways? | [
"What is another name for taxiways?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1194 | 5730877a2461fd1900a9ce87 | Airport | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas. These include clothing boutiques and restaurants. Prices charged for items sold at these outlets are generally higher than those outside the airport. However, some airports now regulate costs to keep them comparable to "street prices". This term is misleading as prices often match the manufacturers' suggested retail price (MSRP) but are almost never discounted.[citation needed] | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for what? | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for what? | [
"Most major airports provide commercial outlets for what?"
] | {
"text": [
"products and services"
],
"answer_start": [
51
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1195 | 5730877a2461fd1900a9ce88 | Airport | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas. These include clothing boutiques and restaurants. Prices charged for items sold at these outlets are generally higher than those outside the airport. However, some airports now regulate costs to keep them comparable to "street prices". This term is misleading as prices often match the manufacturers' suggested retail price (MSRP) but are almost never discounted.[citation needed] | Where are most of these companies located in an airport? | Where are most of these companies located in an airport? | [
"Where are most of these companies located in an airport?"
] | {
"text": [
"within the departure areas"
],
"answer_start": [
159
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1196 | 5730877a2461fd1900a9ce89 | Airport | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas. These include clothing boutiques and restaurants. Prices charged for items sold at these outlets are generally higher than those outside the airport. However, some airports now regulate costs to keep them comparable to "street prices". This term is misleading as prices often match the manufacturers' suggested retail price (MSRP) but are almost never discounted.[citation needed] | Some of these companies include what type of businesses? | Some of these companies include what type of businesses? | [
"Some of these companies include what type of businesses?"
] | {
"text": [
"clothing boutiques and restaurants"
],
"answer_start": [
201
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1197 | 5730877a2461fd1900a9ce8a | Airport | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas. These include clothing boutiques and restaurants. Prices charged for items sold at these outlets are generally higher than those outside the airport. However, some airports now regulate costs to keep them comparable to "street prices". This term is misleading as prices often match the manufacturers' suggested retail price (MSRP) but are almost never discounted.[citation needed] | Are prices at these outlets generally higher or lower than street prices? | Are prices at these outlets generally higher or lower than street prices? | [
"Are prices at these outlets generally higher or lower than street prices?"
] | {
"text": [
"higher"
],
"answer_start": [
298
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1198 | 5a4e7a9e755ab9001a10f483 | Airport | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas. These include clothing boutiques and restaurants. Prices charged for items sold at these outlets are generally higher than those outside the airport. However, some airports now regulate costs to keep them comparable to "street prices". This term is misleading as prices often match the manufacturers' suggested retail price (MSRP) but are almost never discounted.[citation needed] | What do most restaurants provide? | What do most restaurants provide? | [
"What do most restaurants provide?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1199 | 5a4e7a9e755ab9001a10f484 | Airport | Most major airports provide commercial outlets for products and services. Most of these companies, many of which are internationally known brands, are located within the departure areas. These include clothing boutiques and restaurants. Prices charged for items sold at these outlets are generally higher than those outside the airport. However, some airports now regulate costs to keep them comparable to "street prices". This term is misleading as prices often match the manufacturers' suggested retail price (MSRP) but are almost never discounted.[citation needed] | What do restaurants do to keep prices low? | What do restaurants do to keep prices low? | [
"What do restaurants do to keep prices low?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |