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gem-squad_v2-train-1300 | 573093662461fd1900a9ceb4 | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | What does AGL stand for? | What does AGL stand for? | [
"What does AGL stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"above ground level"
],
"answer_start": [
362
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1301 | 573093662461fd1900a9ceb5 | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | Are standard traffic patterns right-handed or left-handed? | Are standard traffic patterns right-handed or left-handed? | [
"Are standard traffic patterns right-handed or left-handed?"
] | {
"text": [
"left-handed"
],
"answer_start": [
418
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1302 | 573093662461fd1900a9ceb6 | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | What is one of the main reasons pilots sit on the left side of the airplane? | What is one of the main reasons pilots sit on the left side of the airplane? | [
"What is one of the main reasons pilots sit on the left side of the airplane?"
] | {
"text": [
"Standard traffic patterns are left-handed"
],
"answer_start": [
388
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1303 | 5a4e9ad0755ab9001a10f52d | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | At what altitude are ATC patterns flown to avoid mountains? | At what altitude are ATC patterns flown to avoid mountains? | [
"At what altitude are ATC patterns flown to avoid mountains?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1304 | 5a4e9ad0755ab9001a10f52e | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | Why are runway designs left-handed? | Why are runway designs left-handed? | [
"Why are runway designs left-handed?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1305 | 5a4e9ad0755ab9001a10f52f | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | What does the runway consist of? | What does the runway consist of? | [
"What does the runway consist of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1306 | 5a4e9ad0755ab9001a10f530 | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | What does improving visibilitiy by using a right handed pattern do for the ATC? | What does improving visibilitiy by using a right handed pattern do for the ATC? | [
"What does improving visibilitiy by using a right handed pattern do for the ATC?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1307 | 5a4e9ad0755ab9001a10f531 | Airport | Generally, this pattern is a circuit consisting of five "legs" that form a rectangle (two legs and the runway form one side, with the remaining legs forming three more sides). Each leg is named (see diagram), and ATC directs pilots on how to join and leave the circuit. Traffic patterns are flown at one specific altitude, usually 800 or 1,000 ft (244 or 305 m) above ground level (AGL). Standard traffic patterns are left-handed, meaning all turns are made to the left. One of the main reason for this is that pilots sit on the left side of the airplane, and a Left-hand patterns improves their visibility of the airport and pattern. Right-handed patterns do exist, usually because of obstacles such as a mountain, or to reduce noise for local residents. The predetermined circuit helps traffic flow smoothly because all pilots know what to expect, and helps reduce the chance of a mid-air collision. | What does usually using a right-handed pattern as standard help pilots do? | What does usually using a right-handed pattern as standard help pilots do? | [
"What does usually using a right-handed pattern as standard help pilots do?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1308 | 573094368ab72b1400f9c5b8 | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | At an extremely large airport, what is in place but not usually used? | At an extremely large airport, what is in place but not usually used? | [
"At an extremely large airport, what is in place but not usually used?"
] | {
"text": [
"a circuit"
],
"answer_start": [
29
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1309 | 573094368ab72b1400f9c5b9 | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | What is the frequency called that is used by departing aircraft for the purpose of requesting approach clearance? | What is the frequency called that is used by departing aircraft for the purpose of requesting approach clearance? | [
"What is the frequency called that is used by departing aircraft for the purpose of requesting approach clearance?"
] | {
"text": [
"Clearance Delivery"
],
"answer_start": [
309
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1310 | 573094368ab72b1400f9c5ba | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | Which aircraft request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport? | Which aircraft request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport? | [
"Which aircraft request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport?"
] | {
"text": [
"commercial with long routes"
],
"answer_start": [
104
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1311 | 5a4e9da7755ab9001a10f537 | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | What do aircraft use instead of requesting approach clearance at very large airports? | What do aircraft use instead of requesting approach clearance at very large airports? | [
"What do aircraft use instead of requesting approach clearance at very large airports?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1312 | 5a4e9da7755ab9001a10f538 | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | When do large aircraft request to use a circuit? | When do large aircraft request to use a circuit? | [
"When do large aircraft request to use a circuit?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1313 | 5a4e9da7755ab9001a10f539 | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | What does a circuit allow an aircraft to do without having to worry about other aircraft? | What does a circuit allow an aircraft to do without having to worry about other aircraft? | [
"What does a circuit allow an aircraft to do without having to worry about other aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1314 | 5a4e9da7755ab9001a10f53a | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | How has the advanced circuit system helped pilots? | How has the advanced circuit system helped pilots? | [
"How has the advanced circuit system helped pilots?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1315 | 5a4e9da7755ab9001a10f53b | Airport | At extremely large airports, a circuit is in place but not usually used. Rather, aircraft (usually only commercial with long routes) request approach clearance while they are still hours away from the airport, often before they even take off from their departure point. Large airports have a frequency called Clearance Delivery which is used by departing aircraft specifically for this purpose. This then allows aircraft to take the most direct approach path to the runway and land without worrying about interference from other aircraft. While this system keeps the airspace free and is simpler for pilots, it requires detailed knowledge of how aircraft are planning to use the airport ahead of time and is therefore only possible with large commercial airliners on pre-scheduled flights. The system has recently become so advanced that controllers can predict whether an aircraft will be delayed on landing before it even takes off; that aircraft can then be delayed on the ground, rather than wasting expensive fuel waiting in the air. | What kind of aircraft request to use a circuit when they are still hours from the airport? | What kind of aircraft request to use a circuit when they are still hours from the airport? | [
"What kind of aircraft request to use a circuit when they are still hours from the airport?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1316 | 573094c48ab72b1400f9c5be | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What helps pilots fly the approach for landing? | What helps pilots fly the approach for landing? | [
"What helps pilots fly the approach for landing?"
] | {
"text": [
"visual approach slope indicator"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1317 | 573094c48ab72b1400f9c5bf | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What does VASI stand for? | What does VASI stand for? | [
"What does VASI stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"visual approach slope indicator"
],
"answer_start": [
98
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1318 | 573094c48ab72b1400f9c5c0 | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What does VOR stand for? | What does VOR stand for? | [
"What does VOR stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"VHF omnidirectional range"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1319 | 573094c48ab72b1400f9c5c1 | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What helps pilots find the direction to the airport? | What helps pilots find the direction to the airport? | [
"What helps pilots find the direction to the airport?"
] | {
"text": [
"VHF omnidirectional range"
],
"answer_start": [
214
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1320 | 573094c48ab72b1400f9c5c2 | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What instruments do pilots use to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground? | What instruments do pilots use to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground? | [
"What instruments do pilots use to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground?"
] | {
"text": [
"instrument landing system"
],
"answer_start": [
540
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1321 | 5a4ea0c0755ab9001a10f54b | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | How does distance measuring equipment (DME) help a pilot land? | How does distance measuring equipment (DME) help a pilot land? | [
"How does distance measuring equipment (DME) help a pilot land?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1322 | 5a4ea0c0755ab9001a10f54c | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What also goes along with the VASI? | What also goes along with the VASI? | [
"What also goes along with the VASI?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1323 | 5a4ea0c0755ab9001a10f54d | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What determines the distance to the VASI? | What determines the distance to the VASI? | [
"What determines the distance to the VASI?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1324 | 5a4ea0c0755ab9001a10f54e | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | Where are DME's also located to help aircraft naviagte? | Where are DME's also located to help aircraft naviagte? | [
"Where are DME's also located to help aircraft naviagte?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1325 | 5a4ea0c0755ab9001a10f54f | Airport | There are a number of aids available to pilots, though not all airports are equipped with them. A visual approach slope indicator (VASI) helps pilots fly the approach for landing. Some airports are equipped with a VHF omnidirectional range (VOR) to help pilots find the direction to the airport. VORs are often accompanied by a distance measuring equipment (DME) to determine the distance to the VOR. VORs are also located off airports, where they serve to provide airways for aircraft to navigate upon. In poor weather, pilots will use an instrument landing system (ILS) to find the runway and fly the correct approach, even if they cannot see the ground. The number of instrument approaches based on the use of the Global Positioning System (GPS) is rapidly increasing and may eventually be the primary means for instrument landings. | What is increasing based on the use of VOR? | What is increasing based on the use of VOR? | [
"What is increasing based on the use of VOR?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1326 | 5730954a2461fd1900a9cebb | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | On runways, what indicate the beginning of the runway for landing? | On runways, what indicate the beginning of the runway for landing? | [
"On runways, what indicate the beginning of the runway for landing?"
] | {
"text": [
"green lights"
],
"answer_start": [
12
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1327 | 5730954a2461fd1900a9cebc | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | On runways, what indicate the end of the runway? | On runways, what indicate the end of the runway? | [
"On runways, what indicate the end of the runway?"
] | {
"text": [
"red lights"
],
"answer_start": [
81
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1328 | 5730954a2461fd1900a9cebd | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What indicates the edge of a runway? | What indicates the edge of a runway? | [
"What indicates the edge of a runway?"
] | {
"text": [
"white lights"
],
"answer_start": [
157
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1329 | 5730954a2461fd1900a9cebe | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What may low-traffic airports use to save electricity and staffing costs? | What may low-traffic airports use to save electricity and staffing costs? | [
"What may low-traffic airports use to save electricity and staffing costs?"
] | {
"text": [
"pilot controlled lighting"
],
"answer_start": [
462
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1330 | 5730954a2461fd1900a9cebf | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What does ALS stand for? | What does ALS stand for? | [
"What does ALS stand for?"
] | {
"text": [
"approach lighting system"
],
"answer_start": [
398
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1331 | 5a4ea258755ab9001a10f555 | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What does runway edge lighting indicate for landing? | What does runway edge lighting indicate for landing? | [
"What does runway edge lighting indicate for landing?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1332 | 5a4ea258755ab9001a10f556 | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What marks the end of the ALS at low-traffic airports? | What marks the end of the ALS at low-traffic airports? | [
"What marks the end of the ALS at low-traffic airports?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1333 | 5a4ea258755ab9001a10f557 | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What does using an ALS help save? | What does using an ALS help save? | [
"What does using an ALS help save?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1334 | 5a4ea258755ab9001a10f558 | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What does pilot controlled lighting consist of? | What does pilot controlled lighting consist of? | [
"What does pilot controlled lighting consist of?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1335 | 5a4ea258755ab9001a10f559 | Airport | On runways, green lights indicate the beginning of the runway for landing, while red lights indicate the end of the runway. Runway edge lighting consists of white lights spaced out on both sides of the runway, indicating the edge. Some airports have more complicated lighting on the runways including lights that run down the centerline of the runway and lights that help indicate the approach (an approach lighting system, or ALS). Low-traffic airports may use pilot controlled lighting to save electricity and staffing costs. | What do red lights down the the center of the runway indicate? | What do red lights down the the center of the runway indicate? | [
"What do red lights down the the center of the runway indicate?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1336 | 573095a62461fd1900a9cec5 | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | What includes debris and nesting birds? | What includes debris and nesting birds? | [
"What includes debris and nesting birds?"
] | {
"text": [
"Hazards to aircraft"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1337 | 573095a62461fd1900a9cec6 | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | What is one part of runway maintenance that helps maintain friction levels? | What is one part of runway maintenance that helps maintain friction levels? | [
"What is one part of runway maintenance that helps maintain friction levels?"
] | {
"text": [
"airfield rubber removal"
],
"answer_start": [
169
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1338 | 573095a62461fd1900a9cec7 | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | In adverse weather conditions, what can be used to improve traction on the landing strip? | In adverse weather conditions, what can be used to improve traction on the landing strip? | [
"In adverse weather conditions, what can be used to improve traction on the landing strip?"
] | {
"text": [
"ice and snow clearing equipment"
],
"answer_start": [
433
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1339 | 5a4ea42b755ab9001a10f55f | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | What is one hazard to nesting birds? | What is one hazard to nesting birds? | [
"What is one hazard to nesting birds?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1340 | 5a4ea42b755ab9001a10f560 | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | What helps maintain environmental conditions? | What helps maintain environmental conditions? | [
"What helps maintain environmental conditions?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1341 | 5a4ea42b755ab9001a10f561 | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | Why must the field be kept clear of nesting birds? | Why must the field be kept clear of nesting birds? | [
"Why must the field be kept clear of nesting birds?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1342 | 5a4ea42b755ab9001a10f562 | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | What helps improve traction on airfield rubber? | What helps improve traction on airfield rubber? | [
"What helps improve traction on airfield rubber?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1343 | 5a4ea42b755ab9001a10f563 | Airport | Hazards to aircraft include debris, nesting birds, and reduced friction levels due to environmental conditions such as ice, snow, or rain. Part of runway maintenance is airfield rubber removal which helps maintain friction levels. The fields must be kept clear of debris using cleaning equipment so that loose material does not become a projectile and enter an engine duct (see foreign object damage). In adverse weather conditions, ice and snow clearing equipment can be used to improve traction on the landing strip. For waiting aircraft, equipment is used to spray special deicing fluids on the wings. | For what kind of aircraft is deicing fluid sprayed on the airfield? | For what kind of aircraft is deicing fluid sprayed on the airfield? | [
"For what kind of aircraft is deicing fluid sprayed on the airfield?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1344 | 57309634069b5314008321af | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | What pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges? | What pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges? | [
"What pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges?"
] | {
"text": [
"tow tractor"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1345 | 57309634069b5314008321b0 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | What keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal? | What keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal? | [
"What keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal?"
] | {
"text": [
"ground power unit"
],
"answer_start": [
117
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1346 | 57309634069b5314008321b1 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | The passengers disembark using what? | The passengers disembark using what? | [
"The passengers disembark using what?"
] | {
"text": [
"airbridge"
],
"answer_start": [
362
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1347 | 57309634069b5314008321b2 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | What can give the ground crew more clearance after the aircraft lands? | What can give the ground crew more clearance after the aircraft lands? | [
"What can give the ground crew more clearance after the aircraft lands?"
] | {
"text": [
"Mobile stairs"
],
"answer_start": [
373
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1348 | 57309634069b5314008321b3 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | How long should it take for an aircraft to be off the airport and in the air? | How long should it take for an aircraft to be off the airport and in the air? | [
"How long should it take for an aircraft to be off the airport and in the air?"
] | {
"text": [
"90 minutes"
],
"answer_start": [
1645
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1349 | 5a4ea64baf0d07001ae8cb94 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | What do engines generate when planes are standing at the terminal? | What do engines generate when planes are standing at the terminal? | [
"What do engines generate when planes are standing at the terminal?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1350 | 5a4ea64baf0d07001ae8cb95 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | Where do the ground crew disembark from? | Where do the ground crew disembark from? | [
"Where do the ground crew disembark from?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1351 | 5a4ea64baf0d07001ae8cb96 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | What does the ground crew use the skybridge to bring in after its pushed on one of the tractor dollies? | What does the ground crew use the skybridge to bring in after its pushed on one of the tractor dollies? | [
"What does the ground crew use the skybridge to bring in after its pushed on one of the tractor dollies?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1352 | 5a4ea64baf0d07001ae8cb97 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | What pulls an airbridge to the aircraft? | What pulls an airbridge to the aircraft? | [
"What pulls an airbridge to the aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1353 | 5a4ea64baf0d07001ae8cb98 | Airport | Many ground crew at the airport work at the aircraft. A tow tractor pulls the aircraft to one of the airbridges, The ground power unit is plugged in. It keeps the electricity running in the plane when it stands at the terminal. The engines are not working, therefore they do not generate the electricity, as they do in flight. The passengers disembark using the airbridge. Mobile stairs can give the ground crew more access to the aircraft's cabin. There is a cleaning service to clean the aircraft after the aircraft lands. Flight catering provides the food and drinks on flights. A toilet waste truck removes the human waste from the tank which holds the waste from the toilets in the aircraft. A water truck fills the water tanks of the aircraft. A fuel transfer vehicle transfers aviation fuel from fuel tanks underground, to the aircraft tanks. A tractor and its dollies bring in luggage from the terminal to the aircraft. They also carry luggage to the terminal if the aircraft has landed, and is being unloaded. Hi-loaders lift the heavy luggage containers to the gate of the cargo hold. The ground crew push the luggage containers into the hold. If it has landed, they rise, the ground crew push the luggage container on the hi-loader, which carries it down. The luggage container is then pushed on one of the tractors dollies. The conveyor, which is a conveyor belt on a truck, brings in the awkwardly shaped, or late luggage. The airbridge is used again by the new passengers to embark the aircraft. The tow tractor pushes the aircraft away from the terminal to a taxi area. The aircraft should be off of the airport and in the air in 90 minutes. The airport charges the airline for the time the aircraft spends at the airport. | When should the ground crew be done removing luggage? | When should the ground crew be done removing luggage? | [
"When should the ground crew be done removing luggage?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1354 | 573096972461fd1900a9cecb | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | An airfield is also referred to as what? | An airfield is also referred to as what? | [
"An airfield is also referred to as what?"
] | {
"text": [
"airbase"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1355 | 573096972461fd1900a9cecc | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | What provides basing and support of military aircraft? | What provides basing and support of military aircraft? | [
"What provides basing and support of military aircraft?"
] | {
"text": [
"airbase"
],
"answer_start": [
3
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1356 | 573096972461fd1900a9cecd | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | Where is RAF Brize Norton located? | Where is RAF Brize Norton located? | [
"Where is RAF Brize Norton located?"
] | {
"text": [
"the UK"
],
"answer_start": [
250
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1357 | 573096972461fd1900a9cece | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | Where is Bardufoss Air Station located? | Where is Bardufoss Air Station located? | [
"Where is Bardufoss Air Station located?"
] | {
"text": [
"Norway"
],
"answer_start": [
605
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1358 | 573096972461fd1900a9cecf | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | Where is Pune Airport located? | Where is Pune Airport located? | [
"Where is Pune Airport located?"
] | {
"text": [
"India"
],
"answer_start": [
632
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1359 | 5a4ea835af0d07001ae8cb9e | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | What is a terminal also referred to as? | What is a terminal also referred to as? | [
"What is a terminal also referred to as?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1360 | 5a4ea835af0d07001ae8cb9f | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | What does a terminal provide? | What does a terminal provide? | [
"What does a terminal provide?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1361 | 5a4ea835af0d07001ae8cba0 | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | What kind of passengers do the Pune Airport in the UK cater to? | What kind of passengers do the Pune Airport in the UK cater to? | [
"What kind of passengers do the Pune Airport in the UK cater to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1362 | 5a4ea835af0d07001ae8cba1 | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | What does the RAF Brize Norton in India share with a civilian airport? | What does the RAF Brize Norton in India share with a civilian airport? | [
"What does the RAF Brize Norton in India share with a civilian airport?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1363 | 5a4ea835af0d07001ae8cba2 | Airport | An airbase, sometimes referred to as an air station or airfield, provides basing and support of military aircraft. Some airbases, known as military airports, provide facilities similar to their civilian counterparts. For example, RAF Brize Norton in the UK has a terminal which caters to passengers for the Royal Air Force's scheduled TriStar flights to the Falkland Islands. Some airbases are co-located with civilian airports, sharing the same ATC facilities, runways, taxiways and emergency services, but with separate terminals, parking areas and hangars. Bardufoss Airport , Bardufoss Air Station in Norway and Pune Airport in India are examples of this. | Where do Prune Airport's TriStar flights go to? | Where do Prune Airport's TriStar flights go to? | [
"Where do Prune Airport's TriStar flights go to?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1364 | 573096e32461fd1900a9ced5 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | What is the title of the film where a man becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal? | What is the title of the film where a man becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal? | [
"What is the title of the film where a man becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal?"
] | {
"text": [
"The Terminal"
],
"answer_start": [
241
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1365 | 573096e32461fd1900a9ced6 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | When was the movie Airport made? | When was the movie Airport made? | [
"When was the movie Airport made?"
] | {
"text": [
"1970"
],
"answer_start": [
492
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1366 | 573096e32461fd1900a9ced7 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | When was the movie Final Destination released? | When was the movie Final Destination released? | [
"When was the movie Final Destination released?"
] | {
"text": [
"2000"
],
"answer_start": [
605
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1367 | 5a4eab0baf0d07001ae8cbb2 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | In what year was the Langoliers made? | In what year was the Langoliers made? | [
"In what year was the Langoliers made?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1368 | 5a4eab0baf0d07001ae8cbb3 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | What movie is about a man who is trapped in a race to an airport terminal from 1970? | What movie is about a man who is trapped in a race to an airport terminal from 1970? | [
"What movie is about a man who is trapped in a race to an airport terminal from 1970?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1369 | 5a4eab0baf0d07001ae8cbb4 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | What tv shows have surviving on food and shelter provided by an airport a main theme? | What tv shows have surviving on food and shelter provided by an airport a main theme? | [
"What tv shows have surviving on food and shelter provided by an airport a main theme?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1370 | 5a4eab0baf0d07001ae8cbb5 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | Why did Good Will Hunting use a certain airport as an image of survival in 2000? | Why did Good Will Hunting use a certain airport as an image of survival in 2000? | [
"Why did Good Will Hunting use a certain airport as an image of survival in 2000?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1371 | 5a4eab0baf0d07001ae8cbb6 | Airport | Airports have played major roles in films and television programs due to their very nature as a transport and international hub, and sometimes because of distinctive architectural features of particular airports. One such example of this is The Terminal, a film about a man who becomes permanently grounded in an airport terminal and must survive only on the food and shelter provided by the airport. They are also one of the major elements in movies such as The V.I.P.s, Airplane!, Airport (1970), Die Hard 2, Soul Plane, Jackie Brown, Get Shorty, Home Alone, Liar Liar, Passenger 57, Final Destination (2000), Unaccompanied Minors, Catch Me If You Can, Rendition and The Langoliers. They have also played important parts in television series like Lost, The Amazing Race, America's Next Top Model, Cycle 10 which have significant parts of their story set within airports. In other programmes and films, airports are merely indicative of journeys, e.g. Good Will Hunting. | In what year was Get Shorty released? | In what year was Get Shorty released? | [
"In what year was Get Shorty released?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1372 | 57309733396df919000961dc | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | Landside, where can filming take place? | Landside, where can filming take place? | [
"Landside, where can filming take place?"
] | {
"text": [
"all public areas"
],
"answer_start": [
142
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1373 | 57309733396df919000961dd | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | What are the only airside locations where filming is allowed? | What are the only airside locations where filming is allowed? | [
"What are the only airside locations where filming is allowed?"
] | {
"text": [
"Departure Lounge and some outside areas"
],
"answer_start": [
270
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1374 | 57309733396df919000961de | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | What can not be undertaken n Security, at Immigration/Customs or in Baggage Reclaim? | What can not be undertaken n Security, at Immigration/Customs or in Baggage Reclaim? | [
"What can not be undertaken n Security, at Immigration/Customs or in Baggage Reclaim?"
] | {
"text": [
"Filming"
],
"answer_start": [
503
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1375 | 5a4eaf6baf0d07001ae8cbc4 | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | How do most passengers feel about filming? | How do most passengers feel about filming? | [
"How do most passengers feel about filming?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1376 | 5a4eaf6baf0d07001ae8cbc5 | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | What must you pay to film in Baggage Reclaim? | What must you pay to film in Baggage Reclaim? | [
"What must you pay to film in Baggage Reclaim?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1377 | 5a4eaf6baf0d07001ae8cbc6 | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | What visitor locations permit filming with a fee? | What visitor locations permit filming with a fee? | [
"What visitor locations permit filming with a fee?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1378 | 5a4eaf6baf0d07001ae8cbc7 | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | What must all visitors do when there is filming in landside areas? | What must all visitors do when there is filming in landside areas? | [
"What must all visitors do when there is filming in landside areas?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1379 | 5a4eaf6baf0d07001ae8cbc8 | Airport | Most airports welcome filming on site, although it must be agreed in advance and may be subject to a fee. Landside, filming can take place in all public areas. However airside, filming is heavily restricted, the only airside locations where filming is permitted are the Departure Lounge and some outside areas. To film in an airside location, all visitors must go through security, the same as passengers, and be accompanied by a full airside pass holder and have their passport with them at all times. Filming can not be undertaken in Security, at Immigration/Customs, or in Baggage Reclaim. | What must you do to film in Security, at Immigration/Customs and Baggage Reclaim? | What must you do to film in Security, at Immigration/Customs and Baggage Reclaim? | [
"What must you do to film in Security, at Immigration/Customs and Baggage Reclaim?"
] | {
"text": [],
"answer_start": []
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1380 | 57313a81a5e9cc1400cdbd57 | Mosaic | Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics. | What millennium did Mosaic start? | What millennium did Mosaic start? | [
"What millennium did Mosaic start?"
] | {
"text": [
"the 3rd millennium BC"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1381 | 57313a81a5e9cc1400cdbd58 | Mosaic | Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics. | What kind of mosaic were made in Tiryns? | What kind of mosaic were made in Tiryns? | [
"What kind of mosaic were made in Tiryns?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pebble mosaics"
],
"answer_start": [
77
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1382 | 57313a81a5e9cc1400cdbd59 | Mosaic | Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics. | Who besides the Romans did the Jewish people get influenced by? | Who besides the Romans did the Jewish people get influenced by? | [
"Who besides the Romans did the Jewish people get influenced by?"
] | {
"text": [
"Byzantine"
],
"answer_start": [
695
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1383 | 57313a81a5e9cc1400cdbd5a | Mosaic | Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics. | The Norman kingdomwas in what italian city state? | The Norman kingdomwas in what italian city state? | [
"The Norman kingdomwas in what italian city state?"
] | {
"text": [
"Sicily"
],
"answer_start": [
481
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1384 | 57313a81a5e9cc1400cdbd5b | Mosaic | Mosaic has a long history, starting in Mesopotamia in the 3rd millennium BC. Pebble mosaics were made in Tiryns in Mycenean Greece; mosaics with patterns and pictures became widespread in classical times, both in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome. Early Christian basilicas from the 4th century onwards were decorated with wall and ceiling mosaics. Mosaic art flourished in the Byzantine Empire from the 6th to the 15th centuries; that tradition was adopted by the Norman kingdom in Sicily in the 12th century, by eastern-influenced Venice, and among the Rus in Ukraine. Mosaic fell out of fashion in the Renaissance, though artists like Raphael continued to practise the old technique. Roman and Byzantine influence led Jews to decorate 5th and 6th century synagogues in the Middle East with floor mosaics. | When did mosaic fall out of fashion? | When did mosaic fall out of fashion? | [
"When did mosaic fall out of fashion?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Renaissance"
],
"answer_start": [
599
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1385 | 57313c1205b4da19006bcf02 | Mosaic | Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied. | The pebble mosaics found at Tiyns are from what age? | The pebble mosaics found at Tiyns are from what age? | [
"The pebble mosaics found at Tiyns are from what age?"
] | {
"text": [
"Bronze age"
],
"answer_start": [
0
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1386 | 57313c1205b4da19006bcf03 | Mosaic | Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied. | The Beauty of Durres is in what country? | The Beauty of Durres is in what country? | [
"The Beauty of Durres is in what country?"
] | {
"text": [
"Albania"
],
"answer_start": [
209
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1387 | 57313c1205b4da19006bcf04 | Mosaic | Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied. | The famous artists Sosus was from what area? | The famous artists Sosus was from what area? | [
"The famous artists Sosus was from what area?"
] | {
"text": [
"Pergamon"
],
"answer_start": [
540
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1388 | 57313c1205b4da19006bcf05 | Mosaic | Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied. | When was the Greek figure style mostly formed? | When was the Greek figure style mostly formed? | [
"When was the Greek figure style mostly formed?"
] | {
"text": [
"the 3rd century BC"
],
"answer_start": [
300
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1389 | 57313c1205b4da19006bcf06 | Mosaic | Bronze age pebble mosaics have been found at Tiryns; mosaics of the 4th century BC are found in the Macedonian palace-city of Aegae, and the 4th-century BC mosaic of The Beauty of Durrës discovered in Durrës, Albania in 1916, is an early figural example; the Greek figural style was mostly formed in the 3rd century BC. Mythological subjects, or scenes of hunting or other pursuits of the wealthy, were popular as the centrepieces of a larger geometric design, with strongly emphasized borders. Pliny the Elder mentions the artist Sosus of Pergamon by name, describing his mosaics of the food left on a floor after a feast and of a group of doves drinking from a bowl. Both of these themes were widely copied. | When was the famous mosaic "The Beauty of Durres" created? | When was the famous mosaic "The Beauty of Durres" created? | [
"When was the famous mosaic \"The Beauty of Durres\" created?"
] | {
"text": [
"the 4th-century BC"
],
"answer_start": [
137
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1390 | 57313ec3497a881900248cc5 | Mosaic | Greek figural mosaics could have been copied or adapted paintings, a far more prestigious artform, and the style was enthusiastically adopted by the Romans so that large floor mosaics enriched the floors of Hellenistic villas and Roman dwellings from Britain to Dura-Europos. Most recorded names of Roman mosaic workers are Greek, suggesting they dominated high quality work across the empire; no doubt most ordinary craftsmen were slaves. Splendid mosaic floors are found in Roman villas across North Africa, in places such as Carthage, and can still be seen in the extensive collection in Bardo Museum in Tunis, Tunisia. | What common artform is far more prestigious than mosaic? | What common artform is far more prestigious than mosaic? | [
"What common artform is far more prestigious than mosaic?"
] | {
"text": [
"paintings"
],
"answer_start": [
56
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1391 | 57313ec3497a881900248cc6 | Mosaic | Greek figural mosaics could have been copied or adapted paintings, a far more prestigious artform, and the style was enthusiastically adopted by the Romans so that large floor mosaics enriched the floors of Hellenistic villas and Roman dwellings from Britain to Dura-Europos. Most recorded names of Roman mosaic workers are Greek, suggesting they dominated high quality work across the empire; no doubt most ordinary craftsmen were slaves. Splendid mosaic floors are found in Roman villas across North Africa, in places such as Carthage, and can still be seen in the extensive collection in Bardo Museum in Tunis, Tunisia. | Which culture adapted the use of mosaics for large ground coverings in their villas? | Which culture adapted the use of mosaics for large ground coverings in their villas? | [
"Which culture adapted the use of mosaics for large ground coverings in their villas?"
] | {
"text": [
"the Romans"
],
"answer_start": [
145
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1392 | 57313ec3497a881900248cc7 | Mosaic | Greek figural mosaics could have been copied or adapted paintings, a far more prestigious artform, and the style was enthusiastically adopted by the Romans so that large floor mosaics enriched the floors of Hellenistic villas and Roman dwellings from Britain to Dura-Europos. Most recorded names of Roman mosaic workers are Greek, suggesting they dominated high quality work across the empire; no doubt most ordinary craftsmen were slaves. Splendid mosaic floors are found in Roman villas across North Africa, in places such as Carthage, and can still be seen in the extensive collection in Bardo Museum in Tunis, Tunisia. | Most names of Roman mosaic workers are what nationality? | Most names of Roman mosaic workers are what nationality? | [
"Most names of Roman mosaic workers are what nationality?"
] | {
"text": [
"Greek"
],
"answer_start": [
324
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1393 | 57313ec3497a881900248cc8 | Mosaic | Greek figural mosaics could have been copied or adapted paintings, a far more prestigious artform, and the style was enthusiastically adopted by the Romans so that large floor mosaics enriched the floors of Hellenistic villas and Roman dwellings from Britain to Dura-Europos. Most recorded names of Roman mosaic workers are Greek, suggesting they dominated high quality work across the empire; no doubt most ordinary craftsmen were slaves. Splendid mosaic floors are found in Roman villas across North Africa, in places such as Carthage, and can still be seen in the extensive collection in Bardo Museum in Tunis, Tunisia. | Often regular everyday craftsman were most likely what? | Often regular everyday craftsman were most likely what? | [
"Often regular everyday craftsman were most likely what?"
] | {
"text": [
"slaves"
],
"answer_start": [
432
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1394 | 57313ec3497a881900248cc9 | Mosaic | Greek figural mosaics could have been copied or adapted paintings, a far more prestigious artform, and the style was enthusiastically adopted by the Romans so that large floor mosaics enriched the floors of Hellenistic villas and Roman dwellings from Britain to Dura-Europos. Most recorded names of Roman mosaic workers are Greek, suggesting they dominated high quality work across the empire; no doubt most ordinary craftsmen were slaves. Splendid mosaic floors are found in Roman villas across North Africa, in places such as Carthage, and can still be seen in the extensive collection in Bardo Museum in Tunis, Tunisia. | Carthage and Tunisia are in what general area? | Carthage and Tunisia are in what general area? | [
"Carthage and Tunisia are in what general area?"
] | {
"text": [
"North Africa"
],
"answer_start": [
496
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1395 | 57313f98a5e9cc1400cdbdb5 | Mosaic | There were two main techniques in Greco-Roman mosaic: opus vermiculatum used tiny tesserae, typically cubes of 4 millimeters or less, and was produced in workshops in relatively small panels which were transported to the site glued to some temporary support. The tiny tesserae allowed very fine detail, and an approach to the illusionism of painting. Often small panels called emblemata were inserted into walls or as the highlights of larger floor-mosaics in coarser work. The normal technique was opus tessellatum, using larger tesserae, which was laid on site. There was a distinct native Italian style using black on a white background, which was no doubt cheaper than fully coloured work. | What type of mosaic uses small tesserae? | What type of mosaic uses small tesserae? | [
"What type of mosaic uses small tesserae?"
] | {
"text": [
"opus vermiculatum"
],
"answer_start": [
54
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1396 | 57313f98a5e9cc1400cdbdb6 | Mosaic | There were two main techniques in Greco-Roman mosaic: opus vermiculatum used tiny tesserae, typically cubes of 4 millimeters or less, and was produced in workshops in relatively small panels which were transported to the site glued to some temporary support. The tiny tesserae allowed very fine detail, and an approach to the illusionism of painting. Often small panels called emblemata were inserted into walls or as the highlights of larger floor-mosaics in coarser work. The normal technique was opus tessellatum, using larger tesserae, which was laid on site. There was a distinct native Italian style using black on a white background, which was no doubt cheaper than fully coloured work. | What was the benefit of using small pieces to create a mosaic? | What was the benefit of using small pieces to create a mosaic? | [
"What was the benefit of using small pieces to create a mosaic?"
] | {
"text": [
"very fine detail"
],
"answer_start": [
285
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1397 | 57313f98a5e9cc1400cdbdb7 | Mosaic | There were two main techniques in Greco-Roman mosaic: opus vermiculatum used tiny tesserae, typically cubes of 4 millimeters or less, and was produced in workshops in relatively small panels which were transported to the site glued to some temporary support. The tiny tesserae allowed very fine detail, and an approach to the illusionism of painting. Often small panels called emblemata were inserted into walls or as the highlights of larger floor-mosaics in coarser work. The normal technique was opus tessellatum, using larger tesserae, which was laid on site. There was a distinct native Italian style using black on a white background, which was no doubt cheaper than fully coloured work. | What were small panel mosaics known as? | What were small panel mosaics known as? | [
"What were small panel mosaics known as?"
] | {
"text": [
"emblemata"
],
"answer_start": [
377
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1398 | 57313f98a5e9cc1400cdbdb8 | Mosaic | There were two main techniques in Greco-Roman mosaic: opus vermiculatum used tiny tesserae, typically cubes of 4 millimeters or less, and was produced in workshops in relatively small panels which were transported to the site glued to some temporary support. The tiny tesserae allowed very fine detail, and an approach to the illusionism of painting. Often small panels called emblemata were inserted into walls or as the highlights of larger floor-mosaics in coarser work. The normal technique was opus tessellatum, using larger tesserae, which was laid on site. There was a distinct native Italian style using black on a white background, which was no doubt cheaper than fully coloured work. | What was the name of the mosaic technique that used larger tesserae? | What was the name of the mosaic technique that used larger tesserae? | [
"What was the name of the mosaic technique that used larger tesserae?"
] | {
"text": [
"opus tessellatum"
],
"answer_start": [
499
]
} |
gem-squad_v2-train-1399 | 57313f98a5e9cc1400cdbdb9 | Mosaic | There were two main techniques in Greco-Roman mosaic: opus vermiculatum used tiny tesserae, typically cubes of 4 millimeters or less, and was produced in workshops in relatively small panels which were transported to the site glued to some temporary support. The tiny tesserae allowed very fine detail, and an approach to the illusionism of painting. Often small panels called emblemata were inserted into walls or as the highlights of larger floor-mosaics in coarser work. The normal technique was opus tessellatum, using larger tesserae, which was laid on site. There was a distinct native Italian style using black on a white background, which was no doubt cheaper than fully coloured work. | Why were black and white pieces used in most italian mosaics? | Why were black and white pieces used in most italian mosaics? | [
"Why were black and white pieces used in most italian mosaics?"
] | {
"text": [
"cheaper than fully coloured work"
],
"answer_start": [
660
]
} |