language
stringclasses 1
value | text_id
stringlengths 25
25
| page_url
stringlengths 31
232
| page_title
stringlengths 1
202
| section_title
stringlengths 1
674
| hierarchical_section_title
stringlengths 1
712
| context_page_description
stringlengths 0
1.2k
| context_section_description
stringlengths 0
4.1k
|
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
en | wit-train-topic-005272167 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morrissey | Morrissey | Early solo work: 1988–1991 | Morrissey / Solo career / Early solo work: 1988–1991 | Steven Patrick Morrissey, known mononymously as Morrissey, is an English singer, songwriter, and author. He came to prominence as the frontman of the rock band the Smiths, which was active from 1982 to 1987. Since then, he has pursued a successful solo career. Morrissey's music is characterised by his baritone voice and distinctive lyrics with recurring themes of emotional isolation, sexual longing, self-deprecating and black humour, and anti-establishment stances.
Born to working-class Irish immigrants in Davyhulme, Lancashire, Morrissey grew up in nearby Manchester. As a child, he developed a love of literature, kitchen sink realism, and pop music. In the late 1970s, he fronted punk rock band the Nosebleeds with little success before beginning a career in music journalism and writing several books on music and film in the early 1980s. He formed the Smiths with Johnny Marr in 1982 and the band soon attracted national recognition for their eponymous debut album. As the band's frontman, Morrissey attracted attention for his trademark quiff and witty and sardonic lyrics. | Several months before the Smiths dissolved, Morrissey enlisted Stephen Street as his personal producer and new songwriting partner, with whom he could begin his solo career. By September 1987, he had begun work on his first solo album, Viva Hate, at Wool Hall Studios near Bath; it was recorded with the musicians Vini Reilly and Andrew Paresi. Rather than featuring pre-existing images of celebrities, as the Smiths' album and single covers had done, the cover sleeve of Viva Hate featured a photograph of Morrissey taken by Anton Corbijn. In February 1988, EMI released the first single from this album, "Suedehead", which reached number 5 on the British singles chart, a higher position than any Smiths' single had achieved. The second single from the album, "Everyday Is Like Sunday", was released in June and reached number 9. The album reached number 1 on the UK album charts. The album's final song, "Margaret on the Guillotine", featured descriptions of Thatcher being executed; in response, the Conservative Member of Parliament Geoffrey Dickens accused Morrissey of being involved in a terrorist network and police Special Branch conducted a search of his Manchester home.
Morrissey's first solo performance took place at Wolverhampton's Civic Hall in December 1988. The event attracted huge crowds, with NME journalist James Brown observing that "the excitement and atmosphere inside the hall was like nothing I have ever experienced at any public event". Following Viva Hate, Morrissey put out two new singles; "The Last of the Famous International Playboys" was about the Kray twins, gangsters who operated in London's East End, and reached number 6 on the UK singles chart. This was followed by "Interesting Drug", which reached number 9. After his songwriting partnership with Street ended and was replaced by Alan Winstanley and Clive Langer, he recorded "Ouija Board, Ouija Board", released as a single in November 1989; it reached number 18. Christian spokespeople and tabloid newspapers condemned the song, claiming that it promoted occultism, to which Morrissey responded that "the only contact I ever made with the dead was when I spoke to a journalist from The Sun."
With Winstanley and Langer he began work on his first compilation album, Bona Drag, although only recorded six new songs for it, the rest of the album comprising his recent singles and B-sides. The album reached number 9 on the UK album chart. Two of the newly recorded Bona Drag tracks were released as singles: "November Spawned a Monster", a song about a wheelchair-bound woman, reached number 12 in the charts but received criticism from some who believed that it mocked the disabled. The second, "Piccadilly Palare", referenced London rent boys and featured terms from the polari gay slang. Released in November 1990, it reached number 19 in the charts. The song attracted some criticism from the British gay press, who were of the opinion that it was wrong for Morrissey to utilise polari when he was not openly gay; in an interview the previous year he had nevertheless acknowledged his attraction to both men and women.
Adopting Mark E. Nevin as his new songwriting partner, Morrissey created his second solo album, Kill Uncle; released in March 1991, it peaked at number 8 on the album chart. The two singles released in promotion of the album, "Our Frank" and "Sing Your Life", failed to break the Top 20 on the singles charts, reaching number 26 and 33 respectively. Another of the album's tracks, "Found, Found, Found", alluded to Morrissey's friendship with Michael Stipe, the lead singer of American indie rock band REM.
Planning his first solo tour, Morrissey assembled several musicians with a background in rockabilly for his new backing group, including the guitarist Boz Boorer, Alain Whyte, and Spencer Cobrin. Morrissey began the Kill Uncle tour in Europe; he brought Phranc as his support act and decorated the stage of each performance with a large image of Edith Sitwell. On the US leg of his tour, he sold out Los Angeles' 18,000 seat The Forum in fifteen minutes, faster than Micha |
en | wit-train-topic-005272168 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ski_jumping_at_the_2010_Winter_Olympics_%E2%80%93_Large_hill_individual | Ski jumping at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Large hill individual | Introduction | Ski jumping at the 2010 Winter Olympics – Large hill individual | The Men's large hill individual ski jumping competition for the 2010 Winter Olympics in Vancouver, Canada was held at Whistler Olympic Park in Whistler, British Columbia. It started on 19 February and ended on 20 February. Austria's Thomas Morgenstern was the defending Olympic champion in this event. Andreas Küttel of Switzerland was the defending world champion in this event. Two test events took place at the Olympic venue on 24–25 January 2009, both won by Austria's Gregor Schlierenzauer. On the 25th, Schlierenzauer set the hill jumping record with a jump of 149.0 metres (488.8 ft) which was also tied by Finland's Ville Larinto. The last World Cup event in this format prior to the 2010 Games took place on 6 February 2010 in Willingen, Germany and was won by Schlierenzauer. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272171 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tactical_Support_Wing | Tactical Support Wing | Subordinate units | Tactical Support Wing / Subordinate units | The Tactical Support Wing is a United States Navy reserve air wing whose primary mission is operational and training support for active forces. Based at Naval Air Station Joint Reserve Base Fort Worth, the wing is composed of five squadrons and five Squadron Augment Units in seven states.
It is the Navy Reserve's only tactical wing, and has been since the 1994 disestablishment of the Navy's West Coast reserve air wing.
In 2007, the wing was renamed from Reserve Carrier Air Wing 20 under the Navy's Active-Reserve Integration plan. | The Tactical Support Wing consists of five squadrons:
VFA-204 River Rattlers – based at NAS JRB New Orleans, Louisiana
VAQ-209 Star Warriors – based at NAS Whidbey Island, Washington State
VFC-12 Fighting Omars – based at NAS Oceana, Virginia
VFC-13 Saints – based at NAS Fallon, Nevada
VFC-111 Sundowners – based at NAS Key West, Florida |
en | wit-train-topic-005272172 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/McGurk%27s_Bar_bombing | McGurk's Bar bombing | Location of the bomb | McGurk's Bar bombing / Investigation / Responsibility / Location of the bomb | On 4 December 1971, the Ulster Volunteer Force, an Ulster loyalist paramilitary group, detonated a bomb at McGurk's Bar in Belfast, Northern Ireland. The pub was frequented by Irish Catholics/nationalists. The explosion caused the building to collapse, killing fifteen Catholic civilians—including two children—and wounding seventeen more. It was the deadliest attack in Belfast during the Troubles.
Despite evidence to the contrary, the British security forces asserted that a bomb had exploded prematurely while being handled by Irish Republican Army members inside the pub, implying that the victims themselves were partly to blame. A report later found that the police were biased in favour of this view, and that this hindered their investigation. The victims' relatives allege that the security forces deliberately spread disinformation to discredit the IRA. In 1977, UVF member Robert Campbell was sentenced to life imprisonment for his part in the bombing and served fifteen years.
The bombing sparked a series of tit-for-tat bombings and shootings by loyalists and republicans, which contributed to making 1972 the bloodiest year of the conflict. | For the RUC, the location of the bomb (whether it exploded inside or outside) became the key to finding who was responsible. However, investigators (both RUC and British Army) were unsure and gave conflicting opinions.
RUC duty officers' reports were made daily. Their purpose was to brief the Chief Constable and others at HQ about events that had happened that day. The reports were also made available to the British Army's General Officer Commanding for Northern Ireland. The 4–5 December 1971 report said of the bombing: "Just before the explosion a man entered the licensed premises and left down a suitcase, presumably to be picked up by a known member of the IRA. The bomb was intended for use on other premises. Before the 'pick-up' was made the bomb exploded". The origin of this information could not be established.
On 6 December, however, the RUC took a witness statement from an 8-year-old boy. He said that a car had stopped outside the pub with four men inside and "a wee Union Jack stuck in the back window". He said one left a package in the Great George's Street doorway and ran back to the car, which sped off just moments before the package exploded. A man and a woman backed up his story, although they did not witness as much as the boy.
Despite this, the security forces and the government stood behind the "own goal" theory. A British Intelligence Corps document covering the period 8–15 December said: "It has been confirmed that it was a [Provisional IRA] bomb which was destined for another target, but exploded prematurely." A Ministry of Defence (MOD) document dated 14 December said that this "should be publicised". On 23 December, the British Army sent a letter (signed by a lieutenant colonel) to people living in north Belfast. It said that when the IRA in the area is destroyed, "we can look forward to … a period in which you will not lose your friends in a repetition of the [IRA's] accident in the McGurk’s bar." |
en | wit-train-topic-005272173 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Userkaf | Userkaf | Statuary | Userkaf / Reign / Statuary | Userkaf was a pharaoh of ancient Egypt and the founder of the Fifth Dynasty. He reigned for seven to eight years in the early 25th century BC, during the Old Kingdom period. He probably belonged to a branch of the Fourth Dynasty royal family, although his parentage is uncertain; he could have been the son of Khentkaus I. He had at least one daughter and very probably a son, Sahure, with his consort Neferhetepes. This son succeeded him as pharaoh.
His reign heralded the ascendancy of the cult of Ra, who effectively became Egypt's state god during the Fifth Dynasty. Userkaf may have been a high-priest of Ra before ascending the throne, and built a sun temple, known as the Nekhenre, between Abusir and Abu Gurab. In doing so, he instituted a tradition followed by his successors over a period of 80 years. The Nekhenre mainly functioned as a mortuary temple for the setting sun. Rites performed in the temple were primarily concerned with Ra's creator function and his role as father of the king. Taken with the reduction in the size of the royal mortuary complex, this suggests a more concrete separation between the sun god and the king than in the preceding dynasties. | Several fragmentary statues of Userkaf have been uncovered. These include a bust of the goddess Neith in his likeness found in his sun temple at Abusir, now in the Egyptian Museum. This head of Userkaf is 45 cm (18 in) high and carved from greywacke stone. It is considered particularly important as it is among the very few sculptures in the round from the Old Kingdom that show the monarch wearing the Deshret of Lower Egypt. The head was uncovered in 1957 during the joint excavation expedition of the German and Swiss Institutes of Cairo. Another head which might belong to Userkaf, wearing the Hedjet of Upper Egypt and made of painted limestone, is in the Cleveland Museum of Art.
The head of a colossal larger-than-life sphinx statue of Userkaf, now in the Egyptian Museum, was found in the temple courtyard of his mortuary complex at Saqqara by Cecil Mallaby Firth in 1928. This colossal head of pink Aswan granite shows the king wearing the nemes headdress with a cobra on his forehead. It is the largest surviving head dating to the Old Kingdom other than that of the Great Sphinx of Giza and the only colossal royal statue from this period. Many more fragments of statues of the king made of diorite, slate and granite but none of limestone have been found at the same site. Some bore Userkaf's cartouche and Horus name.
Kozloff notes the youthful features of Userkaf on most of his representations and concludes that if these are good indications of his age, then he might have come to the throne as an adolescent and died in his early twenties. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272176 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lloyd_D._Jackson_Square | Lloyd D. Jackson Square | Introduction | Lloyd D. Jackson Square | Lloyd D. Jackson Square, also known as Jackson Square, is an indoor shopping mall, commercial, and entertainment complex located in the downtown core of Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, which is named after Lloyd Douglas Jackson, who served as mayor of the city from 1950 to 1962. The civic square is located in the centre of the city, bounded by several major roads: King Street (south), Bay Street (west), York Boulevard (north) and James Street (east), with the appointed address being 2 King Street West. The mall officially opened in 1972. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272180 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sylvanus_N._Staples_House | Sylvanus N. Staples House | Introduction | Sylvanus N. Staples House | The Sylvanus N. Staples House is a historic house located at 21 Second Street in Taunton, Massachusetts. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272181 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/An_Athlete_Wrestling_with_a_Python | An Athlete Wrestling with a Python | Introduction | An Athlete Wrestling with a Python | An Athlete Wrestling with a Python was the first of three bronze sculptures produced by the British artist Frederic Leighton. Completed in 1877, the sculpture was a departure for Leighton, and heralded the advent of a new movement, New Sculpture, taking realistic approach to classical models. It has been described as a "sculptural masterpiece" and as "possibly Leighton's greatest contribution to British art". Despite its indebtedness to the Classical tradition, it can be understood as one of the first stirrings of modern sculpture in Britain as well as in Europe. The Athlete was arguably the most influential piece of English sculpture of the 19th century.
The sculpture was exhibited at the Royal Academy in 1877 under the title An Athlete Wrestling with a Python but it is sometimes also known as An Athlete Strangling a Python or An Athlete Struggling with a Python. The original full-size bronze was acquired for the nation using funds from the Chantrey Bequest, and is displayed at Tate Britain in London. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272182 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mantidactylus_grandidieri | Mantidactylus grandidieri | Introduction | Mantidactylus grandidieri | Mantidactylus grandidieri is a species of frog in the family Mantellidae.
It is endemic to Madagascar.
Its natural habitats are subtropical or tropical moist lowland forests, subtropical or tropical moist montane forests, and heavily degraded former forest.
It is threatened by habitat loss. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272183 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Meher_Baba | Meher Baba | 1930s – First contact with the West | Meher Baba / Life and works / 1930s – First contact with the West | Meher Baba was an Indian spiritual master who claimed he was an Avatar — God in human form.
Merwan Sheriar Irani was born in 1894 in Pune, India, to Irani Zoroastrian parents. His spiritual transformation began when he was 19 years old and lasted for seven years. During this time he contacted five spiritual teachers before beginning his own mission and gathering his own disciples in early 1922, at the age of 27.
From 10 July 1925 to the end of his life, Meher Baba maintained silence, communicating by means of an alphabet board or by unique hand gestures. With his mandali, he spent long periods in seclusion, during which time he often fasted. He also traveled widely, held public gatherings, and engaged in works of charity with lepers and the poor.
In 1931, Meher Baba made the first of many visits to the West, where he attracted followers. Throughout most of the 1940s, Meher Baba worked with a category of spiritual aspirants called masts, who he said are entranced or spellbound by internal spiritual experiences. Starting in 1949, along with selected mandali, he traveled incognito about India in an enigmatic and still largely unexplained period he called the "New Life". | In the 1930s, Meher Baba began a period of extensive world travel and took several trips to Europe and the United States. It was during this period that he established contact with his first close group of Western disciples. He traveled on a Persian passport because he had given up writing as well as speaking and would not sign the forms required by the British government of India.
On his first trip to England in 1931, he traveled on the SS Rajputana, the same ship that was carrying Mahatma Gandhi, who was sailing to the second Round Table Conference in London. Baba and Gandhi had three meetings on board, one of which lasted for three hours. The British press publicized these meetings, but an aide to Gandhi said, "You may say emphatically that Gandhi never asked Meher Baba for help or for spiritual or other advice."
In the West, Meher Baba met with a number of celebrities and artists, amongst them Gary Cooper, Charles Laughton, Tallulah Bankhead, Boris Karloff, Tom Mix, Maurice Chevalier, and Ernst Lubitsch. On 1 June 1932, Mary Pickford and Douglas Fairbanks, Jr. held a reception for Baba at Pickfair at which he delivered a message to Hollywood. As a result, says Robert S. Ellwood, Meher Baba emerged as "one of the enthusiasms of the '30s".
In 1934, after announcing that he would break his self-imposed silence in the Hollywood Bowl, Baba changed his plans abruptly, boarded the RMS Empress of Canada, and sailed to Hong Kong without explanation. The Associated Press reported that "Baba had decided to postpone the word-fast breaking until next February because 'conditions are not yet ripe'." He returned to England in 1936 but did not return to the United States again until the early 1950s.
In the late 1930s, Meher Baba invited a group of Western women to join him in India, where he arranged a series of trips throughout India and British Ceylon that became known as the Blue Bus Tours. When the tour returned home, many newspapers treated their journey as an occasion for scandal. Time Magazine's 1936 review of God is my Adventure describes the US's fascination with the "long-haired, silky-mustached Parsee named Shri Sadgaru [sic] Meher Baba" four years earlier. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272185 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Count_of_Odemira | Count of Odemira | Introduction | Count of Odemira | Count of Odemira (in Portuguese Conde de Odemira) was a Portuguese title of nobility granted to D. Sancho de Noronha by royal decree issued on 9 October 1446, by King Afonso V of Portugal.
Sancho de Noronha was the third son of Alfonso, Count of Gijón and Noroña (natural son of King Henry II of Castile) and of his wife Isabel of Portugal (natural daughter of King Fernando I of Portugal). |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272186 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/4th_Marine_Expeditionary_Brigade | 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade | Organization | 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade / Organization | The 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade was a brigade-sized unit of the United States Marine Corps that was designed specifically to be an anti-terrorism unit. The mission of this unit was to be a quickly deployable unit to wherever needed in the world so they could fight terrorism and deter, detect and defend from terrorist groups both domestically and internationally. The unit became operational on 29 October 2001, and was deactivated in February 2006.
A Marine Expeditionary Brigade is a smaller brigade of marines that can deploy quickly when they are needed. All Marine Expeditionary Brigades are a part of a Marine Expeditionary Force.
The reason a MEB exists is that they are large enough to support themselves without needing help from local infrastructure. They are also small enough to transport easily, especially in amphibious mechanized landing craft. The 4th MEB was specifically trained to find and stop terrorist plots so civilians and other active military personnel stay safe. There are different types of the MEBs, and not all are anti-terrorism like the 4th Marine Expeditionary Brigade. | The organization of the 4th MEB was a unit designed to work independently, but also trained to work with other Marine units. This unit was organized with a couple of other units like the Chemical, Biological Incident Response Force (CBIRF). Being paired with this and many other units like security force battalion broadened the range of response circumstances that the 4th MEB could respond to. With all of the assets the 4th MEB had, it made them very deadly and able to perform the job extremely well. When a mission came up the MEB team could be paired with almost any other unit in the Marines like aviation and ground forces so the mission would have a greater chance of success.
The way the Marine Corps set up their forces like the MEB is having them be part of larger task forces. The category that MEB falls into is Marine air-ground task force (MAGTF) which means they operate both in the air and on the ground. This MAGTF is then subdivided with the Marine Expeditionary Forces (MEF) being the largest of the three subdivisions. The medium-sized one being the Marine Expeditionary Brigade and the smallest is the Marine Expeditionary Unit (MEU). This makes the Marine Expeditionary Force a good size, with about 4,800 Marines and Sailors, because it is large enough to sustain itself for long periods of time but can also send smaller units on patrol.
The 4th MEB Marines went through extensive training to become part of the anti-terrorism team. The main goal of their training was to learn urban combat tactics. An example was when the team went through BUST, which is Basic Urban Skills Training. The goal of this course is to better train soldiers to be safer when they're in urban environments and perform breaching and other tactics used in urban combat. This training helped the anti-terrorism group become better at eliminating their targets so there were fewer terrorism threats. They also go through normal marine boot camp like all Marines must go through. Also, they must train with other units they are paired with like Chemical, Biological Incident Response Force. They do this so if need arises they are prepared for whatever circumstances could arise. This is extremely important to do because if the units aren’t trained together and they are needed in a time of war the mission could go badly and there would be a larger chance for loss of life. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272187 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otter%C3%B8ya_(Vestland) | Otterøya (Vestland) | Introduction | Otterøya (Vestland) | Otterøya or Otrøyna is an unpopulated island in Bømlo municipality in Vestland county, Norway. The 0.45-square-kilometre (110-acre) island lies in the Bømlafjorden, southeast of the islands of Føyno, Nautøya, and Spyssøya. The southern part of the island is a nature reserve. The Bømlafjord Tunnel runs underneath the island. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272189 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rhodinia | Rhodinia | Introduction | Rhodinia | Rhodinia is a genus of moths in the family Saturniidae first described by Otto Staudinger in 1892. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272191 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Akashita | Akashita | Introduction | Akashita | Akashita (赤 (あか)舌 (した), lit. "red tongue") is a Japanese yōkai that appears in yōkai emaki in the Edo Period, among other places. They are depicted as a beast with clawed hands and a very hairy face covered with dark clouds, but its full body appearance is unknown. In its opened mouth is a big tongue.
It is drawn as a beast with clawed hands and a hairy face, with most of its body hidden in a black cloud over a floodgate. It is characterized by its open mouth and large tongue. Sekien did not attach an explanatory note about this yōkai, but its origins are identifiable as Akaguchi which appears in older Edo period yōkai scrolls such as Bakemono no e. This yōkai is known interchangeably as Akaguchi and Akashita. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272193 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gemalto | Gemalto | Banking & Payment | Gemalto / Banking & Payment | Gemalto was an international digital security company providing software applications, secure personal devices such as smart cards and tokens, and managed services. Formed in June 2006 by the merger of two companies, Axalto and Gemplus International. Gemalto N.V.'s revenue in 2015 was €3.122 billion.
Purchased by Thales Group in April 2019 and now operating as Thales DIS AIS Deutschland GmbH, Gemalto was until its acquisition the world's largest manufacturer of SIM cards.
Thales DIS AIS Deutschland GmbH is headquartered in Amsterdam, The Netherlands, and has subsidiaries and group companies in several countries. It has approximately 15,000 employees in 118 offices; along with 17 production sites, 45 personalization centers, and 27 R&D centers in 49 countries. | Gemalto supplies contact and contactless cards, EMV chip cards, payment terminals, and user authentication solutions for secure online banking.
According to the Nilson report, Gemalto is the largest provider of chip cards, selling 1.5 billion chip cards, representing 49 percent of the market. At the start of 2010 in Germany 20 million ATM cards and 3.5 million credit cards were hit by an end-of-the-decade programming glitch which prevented them working.
Gemalto's customers include 300 banks.
Gemalto worldwide banking and retail customers include Santander UK, ABN AMRO Netherlands, Aktia, Finland, American Express, Banque Accord (France), Accord Italia (Italy), Caisse d'Épargne (France), La Caixa (Spain), Crédit Agricole (France), Diners Club Croatia, Findomestic Italy, Fortis Belgium. Hansabank Estonia, HBOS UK, HSBC UK, ING Belgium, JCB, LHV Pank Estonia, National Bank of Greece, OpBank, Parex Bank (Latvia), Sampo (Finland), Société Générale, Agip France, Arena Netherlands, BMW, B.P., Esso, Sodexo, and Total France. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272194 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fagus_engleriana | Fagus engleriana | Introduction | Fagus engleriana | Fagus engleriana, the Engler's beech, also known as Chinese beech, is a species of beech native to central and eastern China (Anhui, Guangxi, Guizhou, Henan, Hubei, Hunan, Shaanxi, Sichuan, Yunnan, and Zhejiang provinces) where it grows in broad-leaved and mixed forests. It can reach 25 m (82 ft) in height.
The shoots are dark brown and hairless. Leaves contain 10-14 vein-pairs and the margin is hairless, deckled and scarcely toothed. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272198 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2009%E2%80%9310_Netball_Superleague_season | 2009–10 Netball Superleague season | Introduction | 2009–10 Netball Superleague season | The 2009–10 Co-operative Netball Superleague season saw Team Bath finish as champions for the fourth time. Surrey Storm finished top of the table after the regular season but subsequently lost to both Team Bath and Hertfordshire Mavericks in the play offs. For a fourth season out of five, Team Bath defeated Mavericks in the grand final. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272200 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Morris,_Illinois | Morris, Illinois | Description | Morris, Illinois / Description | Morris is a city in and the county seat of Grundy County, Illinois, United States and part of the southwest Chicago metropolitan area. The population was estimated at 15,053 in 2019. | Morris is the Grundy County seat and has a large hospital and modern schools. It is home to the Morris Community High School Redskins, who have won three state championships in football. There are many small parks, ball diamonds, tennis courts, two golf courses, an outdoor swimming pool, an indoor olympic-sized pool as well as the Gebhard Woods State Park and the William G. Stratton State Park for boat launching on the Illinois River and a skatepark located near White Oak elementary school. Morris Community High School is known to be located on an abandoned mining network that stems for approximately five miles (8 kilometres). Morris is home to the Grundy County Speedway, and the city also hosts the annual Grundy County Fair and Grundy County Corn Festival. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272204 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rolex_Yacht-Master | Rolex Yacht-Master | Introduction | Rolex Yacht-Master | The Rolex Yacht-Master is a sport watch made by Rolex, first introduced in 1992 with the model 16628 in 18-carat yellow gold. In 1994, Rolex released a lady's model (69628) and a mid-size man's model (68628), which was the first time Rolex had ever issued a smaller professional size watch. In 1996, Rolex introduced two-tone (stainless steel and 18-carat yellow gold) to the lady's and mid-size line.
In 1997, Rolex released the Yacht-Master in Rolesium, a term patented by Rolex in 1932 which gives the Yacht-Master a stainless steel and platinum construction; the bezel and dial are platinum, while the case, band, crown, etc. are stainless steel. This model is also known as the Platinum Yacht-Master.
In 1999, Rolex discontinued the two-tone model 68623, replacing it with the two-tone model 168623 in 2000. The difference between the two models are in the upgraded movement in the 168623, and the heavier 18-carat gold links (the links in the 68623 are hollow).
In 2007, the brand released the Rolex Yacht-Master II regatta chronograph watch, the world's first watch equipped with a programmable countdown from 1 to 10 minutes with a mechanical memory.
In 2015, Rolex launched the Everose Yacht-Master, the very first Rolex watch to come with a rubber strap, called the Oysterflex. The Everose Yacht-Master comes in two sizes - 37mm (268655) and 40mm (126655).
In 2019, Rolex introduced the Rolex Yacht-Master 42, the first time-and-date Yacht-Master watch with a case size of 42 mm. The case, bezel, and Oysterlock clasp are made of white gold, while the bezel has a matte black Cerachrom insert.
As of year 2020, the Rolex Yacht-Master is offered in 37 mm, 40 mm and 42 mm case sizes. All Rolex Yacht-master models have a water resistance rating of 100 metres [330 ft]. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272206 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rockwell_International | Rockwell International | Manned spacecraft | Rockwell International / Products / Manned spacecraft | Rockwell International was a major American manufacturing conglomerate in the latter half of the 20th century, involved in aircraft, the space industry, both defense-oriented and commercial electronics, light & heavy vehicle components in the automotive industry, printing presses, avionics, power tools, valves and meters, and industrial automation. Rockwell International's predecessor was founded in 1919 by Willard Rockwell. At its peak in the 1990s, Rockwell International was No. 27 on the Fortune 500 list, with assets of over $8 billion, sales of $27 billion and 115,000 employees. | Apollo Command and Service Module (initially under North American Aviation, then North American Rockwell)
Space Shuttle orbiter (initially under North American Rockwell) |
en | wit-train-topic-005272212 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eric_Gill_works_at_the_Midland_Hotel,_Morecambe | Eric Gill works at the Midland Hotel, Morecambe | Introduction | Eric Gill works at the Midland Hotel, Morecambe | Eric Gill works at the Midland Hotel, Morecambe include a sculpture, reliefs and a medallion. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272213 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ramsey_County_Poor_Farm_Barn | Ramsey County Poor Farm Barn | Introduction | Ramsey County Poor Farm Barn | The Ramsey County Poor Farm Barn served as home and work for the indigent in Ramsey County, Minnesota, United States. The barn is now used by the Ramsey County Cooperative extension service. It is listed on the National Register of Historic Places.
The second floor houses the Ramsey County Fright Farm. It is the number one Haunted House in Minnesota. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272214 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Margaret_Eliot | Margaret Eliot | Introduction | Margaret Eliot | Margaret Augusta Eliot (26 February 1914 – 27 February 2011) was an English music teacher and musician. She was a professor of oboe at the Guildhall School of Music and Drama, and her best-known student (from 1948) was George Martin; in 2011, just before her death at age 97, she appeared in the documentary film Produced by George Martin. In the early 1960s she also taught Paul McCartney how to play the recorder, which he later did on The Fool On The Hill.
Eliot was also an honorary member of the Royal Academy of Music. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272215 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hedley_Verity | Hedley Verity | Personal life | Hedley Verity / Personal life | Hedley Verity was a professional cricketer who played for Yorkshire and England between 1930 and 1939. A slow left-arm orthodox bowler, he took 1,956 wickets in first-class cricket at an average of 14.90 and 144 wickets in 40 Tests at an average of 24.37. Named as one of the Wisden Cricketers of the Year in 1932, he is regarded as one of the most effective slow left-arm bowlers to have played cricket. Never someone who spun the ball sharply, he achieved success through the accuracy of his bowling. On pitches which made batting difficult, particularly ones affected by rain, he could be almost impossible to bat against.
Verity was born in Leeds and, from an early age, wished to play cricket for Yorkshire. After establishing a good reputation in local cricket, he signed a contract as a professional cricketer playing in the Lancashire League. His first season was not a success but, after moving clubs, he began to make a name for himself. Initially a medium-paced bowler, he switched to bowling spin in an attempt to secure a place in the Yorkshire team. | Verity married Kathleen Alice Metcalfe, a bookbinder and the daughter of a sales agent, on 7 March 1929. The two had known each other as children in Headingley and met again at a Rawdon youth club social event. They had two sons, first Wilfred, named after Wilfred Rhodes, and then George Douglas, named after George Hirst and Douglas Jardine.
Shortly before the outbreak of the war, Kathleen Verity began to suffer from poor health, and the family planned a trip to South Africa in the English winter of 1939 to aid her recovery and so Verity could take up one of several offers of a coaching job. In the last months before Hedley Verity went overseas during the war, Kathleen joined him in Omagh and later in London just before he went away.
The Hedley Verity, a branch of Wetherspoons in Leeds city centre, is named after Verity and there is a Blue Plaque on the house he was born in. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272217 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sangwangsimni_station | Sangwangsimni station | Introduction | Sangwangsimni station | Sangwangsimni Station is a station on Seoul Subway Line 2 in Seongdong-gu, Seoul, South Korea. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272222 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mohamed_Ayoub_Ferjani | Mohamed Ayoub Ferjani | Introduction | Mohamed Ayoub Ferjani | Mohamed Ayoub Ferjani (born July 27, 1986) is a male foil fencer from Tunisia, African champion in 2013 and 2015. He is the elder brother of sabre fencer Fares Ferjani.
Ferjani almost never takes part in Fencing World Cup competitions, but participates in continental championships in both foil and épée. His first significant result was a double bronze medal in épée and foil at the 2007 All-Africa Games in Algiers. He stopped fencing épée in international competitions in 2012. He qualified to represent his country in men's foil at the 2016 Summer Olympics. He will compete in Rio de Janeiro with his brother Fares, who qualified in men's sabre.
Ferjani teaches fencing in Trappes and Montigny-le-Bretonneux, in the vicinity of Paris. He is also an international referee for foil and was named the second best referee in this weapon in 2012, 2013 and 2014. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272225 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lasqueti_Island | Lasqueti Island | Community | Lasqueti Island / Community | Lasqueti Island is an island off the east coast of Vancouver Island in the Strait of Georgia, qathet Regional District, British Columbia, Canada and has a population of 399 people. A passenger-only ferry connects the island to the community of French Creek, near Parksville. The ferry makes two to three runs per day, five days per week, weather permitting. | The island community is an enclave of Canadian counter-culture. Lasqueti Island is one of the least developed of the major Gulf Islands. Its roads are mostly unpaved, and it is the only one of the larger Gulf Islands that is not currently connected to BC Hydro's electrical power grid. Solar, wind, micro-hydro, and fossil fueled generators power the island.
There is a hotel and a restaurant in False Bay, where the ferry arrives and departs. There are at least three B&B's on the island, but services are seasonal and very limited. Potable water may be scarce at times, in different places on the island. There are local markets and an informal food cooperative but they operate at odd hours, depending on the season and demand. Lasqueti island has a yearly Arts Festival on Canada Day Weekend, and other activities. These different festivals and informal activities feature local painters, sculptors, poets, fiction writers, and historians. Performing arts, on the Canada Day long-weekend, include: The Bolting Brassicas (marching band), the Lasquirkus (circus), and other activities.
The island has a reputation for sailing and sea kayaking which is considered among some of the finest, but also among the most challenging, in lower British Columbia. Tides and currents may become foreboding without warning - the winter weather down the Strait of Georgia has been responsible for various mariners' deaths. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272226 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Intraspecific_competition | Intraspecific competition | Introduction | Intraspecific competition | Intraspecific competition is an interaction in population ecology, whereby members of the same species compete for limited resources. This leads to a reduction in fitness for both individuals, but the most fit individual survives and is able to reproduce.
By contrast, interspecific competition occurs when members of different species compete for a shared resource. Members of the same species have rather similar requirements for resources, whereas different species have a smaller contested resource overlap, resulting in intraspecific competition generally being a stronger force than interspecific competition.
Individuals can compete for food, water, space, light, mates or any other resource which is required for survival or reproduction. The resource must be limited for competition to occur; if every member of the species can obtain a sufficient amount of every resource then individuals do not compete and the population grows exponentially. Prolonged exponential growth is rare in nature because resources are finite and so not every individual in a population can survive, leading to intraspecific competition for the scarce resources.
When resources are limited, an increase in population size reduces the quantity of resources available for each individual, reducing the per capita fitness in the population. As a result, the growth rate of a population slows as intraspecific competition becomes more intense, making it a negatively density dependent process. The falling population growth rate as population increases can be modelled effectively with the logistic growth model. The rate of change of population density eventually falls to zero, the point ecologists have termed the carrying capacity (K). However, a population can only grow to a very limited number within an environment. The carrying capacity, defined by the variable k, of an environment is the maximum number of individuals or species an environment can sustain and support over a longer period of time. The resources within an environment are limited, and are not endless. An environment can only support a certain number of individuals before its resources completely diminish. Numbers larger than this will suffer a negative population growth until eventually reaching the carrying capacity, whereas populations smaller than the carrying capacity will grow until they reach it.
Intraspecific competition does not just involve direct interactions between members of the same species (such as male deer locking horns when competing for mates) but can also include indirect interactions where an individual depletes a shared resource (such as a grizzly bear catching a salmon that can then no longer be eaten by bears at different points along a river).
The way in which resources are partitioned by organisms also varies and can be split into scramble and contest competition. Scramble competition involves a relatively even distribution of resources among a population as all individuals exploit a common resource pool. In contrast, contest competition is the uneven distribution of resources and occurs when hierarchies in a population influence the amount of resource each individual receives. Organisms in the most prized territories or at the top of the hierarchies obtain a sufficient quantity of the resources, whereas individuals without a territory don’t obtain any of the resource. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272227 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mieszko_III_the_Old | Mieszko III the Old | Introduction | Mieszko III the Old | Mieszko III the Old (Polish: Mieszko III Stary) (c. 1126/27 – 13 March 1202), of the royal Piast dynasty, was Duke of Greater Poland from 1138 and High Duke of Poland, with interruptions, from 1173 until his death.
He was the fourth and second surviving son of Duke Bolesław III Wrymouth of Poland, by his second wife Salomea, daughter of the German count Henry of Berg-Schelklingen. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272230 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Erhard_Mayke | Erhard Mayke | Introduction | Erhard Mayke | Erhard Mayke (born January 6, 1896 West Prussia -1962) Was a German speed skater and competed at the 1928 Winter Olympics hosted in St moritz Switzerland, he also competed in the World Allround Speed Skating Championships for Men in the same year 1928 hosted in Davos. Career personal bests were: 500 – 48.4 (1928); 1500 – 2:37.6 (1928), 5000 – 9:20.0 (1928); 10000 – 19:01.6 (1928). Also having a second appearance at the Olympics 1936 in Germany where he was one of the timekeepers in speed skating. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272231 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Walter_Liggett | Walter Liggett | Introduction | Walter Liggett | Walter William Liggett (February 14, 1886 – December 9, 1935), was an American journalist who worked at several newspapers in New York City, including the New York Times, The Sun, New York Post, and the New York Daily News.
In the Twin Cities during the 1930s, Liggett worked as an investigative journalist and editor of the newspaper Midwest American. He specialized in exposés of Minneapolis and Saint Paul organized crime and their connections to corrupt politicians. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272233 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fox_Theatre_(Boulder,_Colorado) | Fox Theatre (Boulder, Colorado) | Introduction | Fox Theatre (Boulder, Colorado) | The Fox Theatre is a live music club in Boulder, Colorado. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272234 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Historiography_of_the_Crusades | Historiography of the Crusades | Introduction | Historiography of the Crusades | The historiography of the Crusades has been subject to competing and evolving interpretations from the capture of Jerusalem in 1099 until the present day. The religious idealism, use of martial force and pragmatic compromises made by those involved in crusading were controversial, both at the time and subsequently. While the theory and practice of crusading always maintained a rhetorical, legal, and emotional connection with the Holy Land, they also proved applicable to other areas of interest to the Catholic Church. Crusading became integral to Western European culture. The ideas shaped behaviour in the Late Middle Ages and in attitudes rather than action this continued beyond the 15th century.
From the 17th century historians began rejecting religious interpretations instead examining the secular motivations of the crusaders. Applying interpretations supporting the building of nation states they considered these fundamentally discrete from the religious sphere. This made it challenging to reconcile the idealistic and the materialistic. Enlightenment thinkers considered the crusaders culturally inferior to themselves and Protestants considered them morally so.
The internationalism of crusading was an obstacle to those historians wishing to project both the idea of crusading and the Crusades themselves as a nationalistic ideal. By the 19th century the development of nationalism, colonial politics, and critical history increased interest in the subject for the purposes of entertainment and moralising. In the early 20th century a focus developed on the part crusades played as drivers of medieval conquest, economics and legacy. This was reinforced by the establishment of Israel in 1948, which prompted efforts to draw historical parallels. Crusading historiography continues to develop, reflecting a range of issues: belief systems, identity, economics, politics, imperialism, colonialism, ideology, legitimacy, pathological violence, warfare, the impact on non-combatants, inter-faith and inter-ethnic relations, state building, and propaganda. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272236 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aizawl | Aizawl | Introduction | Aizawl | Aizawl (English: /aɪˈzɔːl/; Mizo: [ˈʌɪ̯.ˈzɔːl] (listen)) is the capital of the state of Mizoram in India. Aizawl was officially established on 25 February 1890. With a population of 293,416, it is the largest city in the state. It is also the centre of administration containing all the important government offices, state assembly house and civil secretariat. The population of Aizawl strongly reflects the different communities of the ethnic Mizo people. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272239 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Henry_Anglade | Henry Anglade | Retirement | Henry Anglade / Retirement | Henry Anglade is a former French cyclist. In 1959 he was closest to winning the Tour de France, when he finished second, 4:01 behind Federico Bahamontes. In 1960 he wore the yellow jersey for two days. | Anglade crashed in a criterium at Montélimar in 1966 and broke his spine. He said:
I was mixing it with Raymond Poulidor [on s'amusait à se tirer la bourre avec Poulidor]. I was in front and he was trying to join me. We were approaching a bend and I stepped on the gas and unfortunately my pedal touched the road. I flew off the bike: fractured vertebral column. I was at the end of my contract with Pelforth and it wasn't being renewed. Antonin Magne, the manager of Mercier, going through Roger Piel, my agent, opened the door for me. For me it was a real pleasure. But I never really came back to my old level. So I wrote a letter of resignation, explaining that I didn't deserve to be paid to be a racer. Magne phoned me: he'd never seen such a thing. The book of my career closed.
Anglade left cycling on 13 September to work for the Olympia typewriter company with one of his cousins. He wanted no more to do with cycling until, in 1975, the Lejeune brothers who ran a bike factory in Paris and sponsored a team invited him to join. He managed Lejeune-BP in three Tours de France, where he managed Roy Schuiten, Ferdinand Bracke and Lucien Van Impe. He said the team lacked leaders and wasn't a success.
Anglade learned how to make stained-glass windows and designed and created those in the cyclists' chapel, Notre Dame des Cyclistes at Labastide-d'Armagnac in the Landes. He said:
Ever since I was really tiny, I have always admired stained-glass windows. When I was a choir boy, I couldn't follow the Mass because I was in ecstasy in front of a window. Somehow I had it in my skin. Five years ago I went to a demonstration of how the windows were made and I flipped. I signed on for more. I made a window of the Virgin, which I gave to Father Massié for the 40th anniversary of the Notre Dame des Cyclistes at La Bastide d'Armagnac. I was really proud and happy.
The professional cyclist's habit of endorsing commercial products never left him. in 2008 he endorsed the brand of hearing aid that he wore. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272246 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/2011%E2%80%9312_Cruz_Azul_season | 2011–12 Cruz Azul season | Current Kit | 2011–12 Cruz Azul season / Club / Current Kit | The 2011–12 Cruz Azul season is the 65th professional season of Mexico's top-flight football league. The season is split into two tournaments—the Torneo Apertura and the Torneo Clausura—each with identical formats and each contested by the same eighteen teams. Cruz Azul will begin their season on July 23, 2011. Cruz Azul will play their homes games on Saturdays at 17:00 hours local time. | Provider: Umbro.
Sponsors: Cemento Cruz Azul, Coca-Cola, Telcel, Tecate, Volaris. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272247 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/T._J._Oshie | T. J. Oshie | Amateur | T. J. Oshie / Playing career / Amateur | Timothy Leif "T. J." Oshie is an American professional ice hockey right winger for the Washington Capitals of the National Hockey League. He was selected by the St. Louis Blues in the first round of the 2005 NHL Entry Draft, as the 24th overall pick. He then spent the first seven years of his NHL career with the Blues before being traded to the Washington Capitals in 2015. Oshie won the Stanley Cup as a member of the Capitals in 2018. | Oshie started his career in the greater Seattle area, playing for Seattle Junior Hockey Association. Then moved to Warroad, Minnesota when he was a bantam. Following his draft, Oshie played for the University of North Dakota men's ice hockey team in the Western Collegiate Hockey Association (WCHA) for three seasons. Scoring a team-leading 24 goals as a freshman, he added 21 assists for 45 points total. He also set a school record with nine game-winning goals in the season, which also led all NCAA players. At the end of his debut season, he was named to the WCHA All-Rookie Team and the WCHA Final Five All-Tournament Team.
In his sophomore year, Oshie improved to 52 points (17 goals and 35 assists), ranking second in team scoring. He earned Third Team All-WCHA and received the Fighting Sioux's Cliff "Fido" Purpur Award, given to the player who demonstrates hard work and determination while generating excitement on the ice. Following North Dakota's WCHA playoff run, Oshie led all players with eight points (four goals and four assists) in the 2006 NCAA Tournament, earning NCAA West All-Tournament honors. He played his last season with North Dakota as a junior, recording 45 points in 42 games. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272255 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Annabella_(actress) | Annabella (actress) | Introduction | Annabella (actress) | Annabella (born Suzanne Georgette Charpentier, 14 July 1907 – 18 September 1996) was a French cinema actress who appeared in 46 films between 1927 and 1952, including some Hollywood films during the late 1930s and 1940s. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272256 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laguna_Blanca_National_Park | Laguna Blanca National Park | Introduction | Laguna Blanca National Park | Laguna Blanca National Park (Spanish: Parque Nacional Laguna Blanca) is a National Park in the west of the province of Neuquén, Argentina, close to the town of Zapala.
The park around the lagoon was created in 1940 to protect the lagoon and particularly the population of black-necked swans (Cygnus melancoryphus). It has an area of 112.5 km². The lagoon is situated in the Patagonian steppe, surrounded by hills and gorges.
It has important aquatic bird fauna, of several species and in great number.
The lagoon used to host the largest known subpopulation of the endemic Patagonia frog (Atelognathus patagonicus), but this has been extirpated by introduced predatory fish; the species survives in isolated ponds in the buffer zone of the national park.
Near the lagoon is the Salamanca cave, historically inhabited by humans, where rock paintings, typical of northern Patagonia, can be seen. Other mapuche and prehistoric human artifacts have been found in the park. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272258 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Koo_Koo_Kanga_Roo | Koo Koo Kanga Roo | Introduction | Koo Koo Kanga Roo | Koo Koo Kanga Roo is an American comedic dance-pop duo from Minneapolis, Minnesota, consisting of vocalists Bryan (Bryan Atchison) and Neil (Neil Olstad).
Billed as an "interactive dance party duo" and described as "the Beastie Boys meet Sesame Street", Koo Koo Kanga Roo showcase a colorful live show that relies heavily on audience participation, featuring overtly silly sing-along songs that are typically accompanied by their own individual dance move. The duo has toured nationwide, performing for both children's events and at mainstream music clubs with rock and punk bands. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272264 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Joslin_Farm | Joslin Farm | Introduction | Joslin Farm | Joslin Farm is a historic farm property at 1661 East Warren Road in Waitsfield, Vermont. First developed c. 1830, the farm is home to one of Vermont's shrinking number of round barns. Now used as a bed and breakfast called The Inn at the Round Barn, the farm property was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 1988. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272266 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wishaw_railway_station | Wishaw railway station | Introduction | Wishaw railway station | Wishaw railway station is a railway station in Wishaw, North Lanarkshire, Scotland. The station is managed by Abellio ScotRail and lies on the Wishaw Deviation Line just south of the single track link line which connects to the West Coast Main Line at Shieldmuir. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272268 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Range_(musician) | The Range (musician) | Introduction | The Range (musician) | James Hinton (born September 12, 1988), known professionally as The Range, is an American disc jockey, electronic musician and record producer. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272270 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ole_Ludvig_B%C3%A6r%C3%B8e | Ole Ludvig Bærøe | Introduction | Ole Ludvig Bærøe | Ole Ludvig Bærøe (29 January 1877 - 22 March 1943) was a Norwegian politician for the Conservative Party. Bærøe was Minister of Agriculture 1926–1928, as well as head of the Ministry of Education and Church Affairs 1927–1928. He was a headmaster by profession before entering the Lykke Government in 1926. Bærøe was leader of the Conservative Party from 1937 to 1940, though legally he was leader until his death in 1943 despite political parties being forbidden in Norway during the German occupation. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272271 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pennsylvania_Route_204 | Pennsylvania Route 204 | Route description | Pennsylvania Route 204 / Route description | Pennsylvania Route 204, also known as Vine Street in the town of New Berlin, is a 9.7-mile-long, north–south state highway located in Snyder and Union Counties in Pennsylvania. The southern terminus is at US 522 in Selinsgrove. The northern terminus is at PA 304 in New Berlin. | PA 204 begins in the borough of Selinsgrove at the intersection of US 522, under a half a mile from the Penn Valley Airport. The route goes north for about 4 miles (6.4 km) before turning west in the village of Kratzerville, towards the Snyder-Union County line.
At the county line, PA 204 turns north into the borough of New Berlin, before terminating a short distance into the town at an intersection of PA 304. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272274 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_Tibet | History of Tibet | Tibetan Renaissance (10th-12th century) | History of Tibet / Era of Fragmentation and Cultural Renaissance (9th-12th century) / Tibetan Renaissance (10th-12th century) | Tibetan history, as it has been recorded, is particularly focused on the history of Buddhism in Tibet. This is partly due to the pivotal role this religion has played in the development of Tibetan and Mongol cultures and partly because almost all native historians of the country were Buddhist monks. | According to traditional accounts, Buddhism had survived surreptitiously in the region of Kham. The late 10th and 11th century saw a revival of Buddhism in Tibet. Coinciding with the early discoveries of "hidden treasures" (terma), the 11th century saw a revival of Buddhist influence originating in the far east and far west of Tibet.
Muzu Saelbar (Mu-zu gSal-'bar), later known as the scholar Gongpa Rabsal (bla chen dgongs pa rab gsal) (832–915), was responsible for the renewal of Buddhism in northeastern Tibet, and is counted as the progenitor of the Nyingma (Rnying ma pa) school of Tibetan Buddhism. In the west, Rinchen Zangpo (958-1055) was active as a translator and founded temples and monasteries. Prominent scholars and teachers were again invited from India.
In 1042 Atiśa (982-1054 CE) arrived in Tibet at the invitation of a west Tibetan king. This renowned exponent of the Pāla form of Buddhism from the Indian university of Vikramashila later moved to central Tibet. There his chief disciple, Dromtonpa founded the Kadampa school of Tibetan Buddhism, under whose influence the New Translation schools of today evolved.
The Sakya, the Grey Earth school, was founded by Khön Könchok Gyelpo (Wylie: 'khon dkon mchog rgyal po, 1034–1102), a disciple of the great Lotsawa, Drogmi Shākya (Wylie: brog mi lo tsā wa ye shes). It is headed by the Sakya Trizin, traces its lineage to the mahasiddha Virūpa, and represents the scholarly tradition. A renowned exponent, Sakya Pandita (1182–1251CE), was the great-grandson of Khön Könchok Gyelpo.
Other seminal Indian teachers were Tilopa (988–1069) and his student Naropa (probably died ca. 1040 CE). The Kagyu, the Lineage of the (Buddha's) Word, is an oral tradition which is very much concerned with the experiential dimension of meditation. Its most famous exponent was Milarepa, an 11th-century mystic. It contains one major and one minor subsect. The first, the Dagpo Kagyu, encompasses those Kagyu schools that trace back to the Indian master Naropa via Marpa Lotsawa, Milarepa and Gampopa |
en | wit-train-topic-005272276 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_Parton | James Parton | Introduction | James Parton | James Parton (February 9, 1822 – October 17, 1891) was an English-born American biographer who wrote books on the lives of Horace Greeley, Aaron Burr, Andrew Jackson, Benjamin Franklin, Thomas Jefferson, Voltaire, and the "Eminent Women of the Age". |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272278 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_Braddock,_Pennsylvania | North Braddock, Pennsylvania | Government | North Braddock, Pennsylvania / Government | North Braddock is a borough in Allegheny County, Pennsylvania, United States. North Braddock was organized from a part of Braddock Township in 1897. The borough prides itself in being the "Birth Place of Steel" as the home of Andrew Carnegie's Edgar Thomson Steel Works that opened in 1875. North Braddock is a suburb 11 miles east of Pittsburgh with a 15-minute travel time to the city. The borough is located in the valley along the Monongahela River, and is made up of three jurisdictional voting wards.
The 2010 census had the borough population at 4,857, a great decline from the 1930 population of 16,782. The decline is due largely to the diminishing steel industry in the region. | North Braddock has a borough government. The borough has nine elected council members and a mayor who serve four-year terms. The borough manager conducts daily business and operates with the budget passed by council. Ordinances and building codes are enforced by the appointed code official. The borough solicitor provides legal consultation for legal issues. An engineering firm is contracted to provide consultation for infrastructure issues. The elected tax collector serves a four-year term. North Braddock is a member of the Turtle Creek Valley Council of Governments. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272279 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mercy_(Duffy_song) | Mercy (Duffy song) | Chart performance | Mercy (Duffy song) / Chart performance | "Mercy" is a song performed by Welsh singer Duffy, released as the second single from her debut studio album, Rockferry. Co-written by Duffy and Steve Booker and produced by Booker, it was released worldwide in 2008 to critical acclaim and unprecedented chart success. As Duffy's first international release, the song is credited with firmly establishing her career and is now considered her signature song. "Mercy" received comparisons to Duffy's previous single, "Rockferry". Critical reviewers of "Mercy" noted similarities between the song to releases by Aretha Franklin, Dusty Springfield and The Supremes, as well as contemporaries such as fellow British singer Amy Winehouse. The song is often misattributed to Winehouse.
"Mercy" was nominated for several awards in 2008, including the Grammy Award for Best Female Pop Vocal Performance at the 51st Grammy Awards. Well received by the public, "Mercy" peaked at number one on the UK Singles Chart in February 2008, remaining atop the chart for five weeks, and went on to become the third-best-selling single of 2008 in the United Kingdom, with sales of over 500,000 copies in the UK that year. | "Mercy" peaked at number-one on the UK Singles Chart solely on digital downloads on 17 February 2008 ― for the week ending dated 23 February 2008 ― three weeks before the physical release of the single. It remained at the top of the charts for five weeks until it was dethroned by "American Boy" by Estelle featuring Kanye West. "Mercy" was one of only three singles, all debuts, to achieve a five-week run at the top of the UK Singles Chart in 2008 ― the other two being "Now You're Gone" by Basshunter, which was ironically replaced at the top spot by "Mercy", and "I Kissed a Girl" by Katy Perry. "Mercy" became Britain's third-best-selling single of 2008, selling 536,000 copies in 2008 alone. The song remained inside the UK Singles Chart for over a year. One of the B-sides to the song, titled "Tomorrow", peaked far outside the top 100 of the UK Singles Chart.
Internationally, "Mercy" became Duffy's first single to chart on the American Billboard charts. "Mercy" debuted on the Billboard Hot 100 at number 87. On the chart date 22 May 2008, the single reached its peak of 27 on the Hot 100, becoming the chart's greatest digital gainer of that week, selling 59,000 downloads. The song also topped the magazine's Eurochart Hot 100, spending in total six weeks atop the chart, including four consecutive weeks. "Mercy" also reached other Billboard charts, including number 3 on the Japan Hot 100, number 27 on the Pop 100 and 13 on the Hot Digital Songs. The single was also a minor dance crossover success, reaching a peak of 35 on Billboard's Hot Dance Club Play chart, as well as peaking at a position of sixteen on the Adult Pop Songs chart. In the United States overall, "Mercy" was certified Platinum for sales of one million copies by the American recording industry association, the RIAA. In Canada, "Mercy" debuted at number 94 on the Canadian Hot 100 on 12 April 2008, eventually peaking at 11 on 23 April 2008.
"Mercy" entered the Australian ARIA Singles Chart at number 50 on the issue date of 4 May 2008, reaching a peak of 26 nearly five months later, on 14 September 2008, after staying on the chart for eighteen weeks. Despite its small impact on the Australian charts, the single was the 72nd-best-selling single of 2008, and was certified Platinum for sales of 70,000 copies. "Mercy" debuted on New Zealand's RIANZ singles chart at 40, eventually peaking at number four. The single was the 30th-best-selling song of 2008 in New Zealand, where the song carries Gold certification, for sales of 7,500 copies.
In Europe, "Mercy" was a chart success, reaching number-one in at least eight countries in the region alone. In Ireland, "Mercy" proved very successful, spending two separate runs at number one in 2008. "Mercy" also topped the Hungarian Airplay Chart, Dutch Top 40, German Singles Chart, Greek IFPI Singles Chart, Norwegian Singles Charts, Swiss Singles Chart and the Ö3 Austria Top 40, amongst others. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272281 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Colette_Magny | Colette Magny | Introduction | Colette Magny | Colette Magny (31 October 1926 – 12 June 1997) was a French singer and songwriter. A charismatic performer who did not record until her thirties, her work encompassed blues, jazz, protest songs, experimental music and spoken word recordings. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272284 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Wilmington_insurrection_of_1898 | Wilmington insurrection of 1898 | Introduction | Wilmington insurrection of 1898 | The Wilmington insurrection of 1898, also known as the Wilmington massacre of 1898 or the Wilmington coup of 1898, occurred in Wilmington, North Carolina, on Thursday, November 10, 1898. It is considered a turning point in post-Reconstruction North Carolina politics. The event initiated an era of more severe racial segregation and effective disenfranchisement of African Americans throughout the South, a shift already underway since passage by Mississippi of a new constitution in 1890, raising barriers to voter registration. Laura Edwards wrote in Democracy Betrayed (2000): "What happened in Wilmington became an affirmation of white supremacy not just in that one city, but in the South and in the nation as a whole", as it affirmed that invoking "whiteness" eclipsed the legal citizenship, individual rights, and equal protection under the law that blacks were guaranteed under the Fourteenth Amendment.
The white press in Wilmington originally described the event as a race riot caused by blacks. However, over time, with more facts publicized, the event has come to be seen as a coup d'état, the
violent overthrow of a duly elected government, by a group of white supremacists. Multiple causes brought it about. It is claimed to be the only such incident in American history, (other late Reconstruction Era violence did not result in a direct 'coup' or removal and replacement of elected officials by unelected individuals).
The coup occurred after the state's white Southern Democrats conspired and led a mob of 2,000 white men to overthrow the legitimately elected local Fusionist government. They expelled opposition black and white political leaders from the city, destroyed the property and businesses of black citizens built up since the Civil War, including the only black newspaper in the city, and killed an estimated 60 to more than 300 people. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272285 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Steve_Spagnuolo | Steve Spagnuolo | Introduction | Steve Spagnuolo | Stephen Christopher Spagnuolo (/spæɡˈnoʊloʊ/; born December 21, 1959) is an American football coach who is the defensive coordinator for the Kansas City Chiefs of the National Football League (NFL). He rejoined Andy Reid after being a defensive assistant with him from 1999 to 2006. Spagnuolo has won two Super Bowls as defensive coordinator, one with the New York Giants and one with the Kansas City Chiefs. Following two seasons in New York, he was the head coach of the St. Louis Rams for three seasons, was an assistant with the Baltimore Ravens, had a one-season stint with the New Orleans Saints, and then went back to the Giants as defensive coordinator in 2015. He was named interim head coach after the firing of former head coach Ben McAdoo on December 4, 2017.
Spagnuolo has also worked as a college football assistant coach for the University of Connecticut, the University of Maine, Lafayette College, Rutgers University, Bowling Green University, and the University of Massachusetts Amherst. He also spent time in the original World League of American Football and its successor, NFL Europe. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272293 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Queensland_Cultural_Centre | Queensland Cultural Centre | Queensland Gallery of Modern Art | Queensland Cultural Centre / Description / Queensland Gallery of Modern Art | The Queensland Cultural Centre is a heritage-listed entertainment centre at Grey Street, South Brisbane, City of Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. It is part of the South Bank precinct of the Brisbane River. It was built from 1976.
The major components of the centre are Queensland Performing Arts Centre, the Queensland Museum, the State Library of Queensland, the Queensland Art Gallery and the Queensland Gallery of Modern Art.
The original part was designed by Brisbane architects Robin Gibson and Partners and opened in 1985. In 2010, Robin Gibson and Partners were granted a "25 Year Award for Enduring Architecture" by the Queensland Chapter of the Australian Institute of Architects.
The GOMA building designed by Kerry and Lindsay Clare, directors of the Australasian firm Architectus, was added to the complex in 2006. In 2007, the building received three awards: a Brisbane Commendation and a Public Architecture Award from the Queensland Chapter of AIA; and a National Award for Public Architecture, again from AIA. Then in 2010, the Clares received the AIA's Gold Medal for their work. | The Queensland Gallery of Modern Art, which operates in association with the Queensland Art Gallery, was built at Kurilpa Point, upstream from the rest of the centre and near the William Jolly Bridge. It opened in December 2006. In addition to the display areas, it contains the Australian Cinémathèque which has two cinemas and the Children's Art Centre in which children are able to interact with the galleries collection. In 2007 a three manual 15 rank Wurlitzer Style 260 theatre organ, Opus 2040, originally installed in the Brisbane's Regent Theatre was restored by the Queensland Art Gallery with financial assistance from the Queensland Art Gallery Foundation and installed in the Cinémathèque Cinema 2. The instrument is now being used regularly for the presentation of silent movies and for recitals. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272296 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Ayer | Francis Ayer | Introduction | Francis Ayer | Francis Wayland Ayer (February 4, 1848 – March 5, 1923) was an American advertising businessman.
Ayer was born to Nathaniel Wheeler Ayer and Joanna B. Wheeler in Lee, Massachusetts, though he was raised in western New York. Ayer taught in district schools and spent one year studying at the University of Rochester before moving to Philadelphia. There he was hired by a religious newspaper for the position of an advertising solicitor, but by 1867 he founded the company, N. W. Ayer & Son, which he named after his father to give a degree of longevity and credibility to the business (Fox, 1984). Besides himself, he began with only a bookkeeper and US$25.
In 1873 his father Nathaniel died. Two years later he married his first wife, Rhandera Gilman. That same year he introduced the "open contract".
In 1914 his first wife died, and five years later he remarried Martha K. Lawson. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272298 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shah_Nimatullah_Wali | Shah Nimatullah Wali | Tomb | Shah Nimatullah Wali / Tomb | Shāh Nimatullāh or Shāh Ni'matullāh Wali, also spelled as Ne'matollah and Ni'matallah was a Persian Sufi Master and poet from the 14th and 15th centuries. He is revered by Sunni Islam as a saint and by the Ni'matullāhī tariqa, who consider him their founder. | Shah Khalilullah's tomb is located outside Bidar fort and known as "chokundi". Today it is under the authority of the Archaeological Survey of India. Shah Khalilullah was succeeded by numerous other qutbs (masters) including Shah Mir Mahmud Deccani, Shams al Din Deccani and Reza Ali Shah Deccani. The silsilah moved back to Iran after the Sufi master Reza Ali Shah Deccani’s ordered his disciple Ali Shah Deccani in the year 1194 AH, nearing the end of Karim Khan Zand’s dynasty to depart to Iran with his family and entered Shiraz. Not long after the establishment of the Safawid state, the Ni’matullahi order publicly declared itself Shia. His tomb is located in Kerman, Iran. It is a beautiful work of art, Natural plant colors decorate the walls of his private chamber, the place where he would stay and fast for 40 days and nights. It is also the place from which he would get inspiration to write his predictions. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272299 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartland_Corridor | Heartland Corridor | Introduction | Heartland Corridor | The Heartland Corridor is a public-private partnership between the Norfolk Southern Railway (NS) and the Federal Highway Administration and three U.S. states to improve railroad freight operations.
The $150 million plan was developed to facilitate more efficient travel on NS rail lines between the Norfolk, Virginia port region and two Midwest destinations—Chicago, Illinois and Columbus, Ohio. One of the project goals was to increase clearances in tunnels to permit the operation of double-stack intermodal trains, increasing the capacity of rail lines, shortening rail journeys and reducing tractor-trailer traffic. New shipping terminals for intermodal connections are also planned for key locations.
Construction began in 2007, and the route opened for double stack service on September 9, 2010.
The project involved raising clearances in 28 tunnels and 24 other overhead obstacles. A total of around 5.7 miles (9.2 km) of tunnels were modified. When completed, the new routing was expected to reduce travel times from port facilities in Virginia to Chicago to three days, improving on the previous four-day travel time and to reduce the distance traveled by 250 miles (400 km).
In June 2010, NS announced that it had reached an agreement with Ohio to extend a leg of the Heartland Corridor southwesterly from Columbus to Cincinnati, which is located on the Ohio River near the border where Ohio, Kentucky and Indiana converge. The $6.1 million cost will be funded with federal economic stimulus funds and the Ohio-Kentucky-Indiana Regional Council of Governments, plus money from NS. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272301 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dukedoms_of_the_British_Isles_by_reign | Dukedoms of the British Isles by reign | Duke of Marlborough (1703) | Dukedoms of the British Isles by reign / Peerage of England / Creations by Anne (1702–1714) (until 1707) / Duke of Marlborough (1703) | This page lists extant dukedoms in the Peerages of the British Isles, listed by the monarch who created them—see also List of dukedoms in the peerages of Britain and Ireland. | John Churchill, 1st Earl of Marlborough, the excellent English general of Queen Anne's reign, won many a victory over the French King Louis XIV. He was rewarded with a dukedom, which by a special Act of Parliament passed to his daughters and their descendants when he died without surviving male issue. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272302 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mechanical_Animals_Tour | Mechanical Animals Tour | Background | Mechanical Animals Tour / Background | Mechanical Animals was a worldwide tour by the band Marilyn Manson in support of their third LP record Mechanical Animals, released on September 15, 1998. The tour extended from late 1998 to early 1999 and was recorded in 1998 for the VHS-format God is in the TV which was released on November 2, 1999.
The Mechanical Animals European Festival Tour was supposed to be the first leg of the tour. This particular leg of the tour consisted of six dates to be played at various European festivals planned as the debut of follow-up material to Antichrist Superstar two months before the release of Mechanical Animals. This leg of the tour spanned from June 25, 1998, until July 12, 1999.
Reportedly, drummer Ginger Fish became ill with mononucleosis. This led the band to cancel the entire summer European leg and postpone the beginning of the tour to October 25, 1998.
Beginning on October 25, 1998, and lasting until January 31, 1999, the "Mechanical Animals Tour" included two legs spanning a Fall to Winter World Tour in Europe, Japan, and North America and a 6 show headlining stint at the Big Day Out Music Festival in Australia. | After declining a headlining slot at the failing Lollapalooza summer music festival (along with numerous other bands) in early 1998 due to delays in Mechanical Animals' release, the band launched the first of their own headlining tours in support of the album. The tour was originally intended to begin on June 25, 1998, with a series of 6 festival dates in Europe lasting until July 12, 1998. However, drummer Ginger Fish became ill with mononucleosis, leading to the cancellation of the entire summer European leg and the postponement of the beginning of the tour to October 25, 1998, in Lawrence, Kansas. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272303 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Daniel_Padilla_filmography | Daniel Padilla filmography | Introduction | Daniel Padilla filmography | Daniel Padilla started his acting career in television as Daniel Ledesma in Gimik 2010, before landing the lead role Patrick Rivero in Growing Up (2011). Padilla finally starred in a critically acclaimed prime-time television series Princess and I (2012-2013), and garnering further recognition for appearing alongside Kathryn Bernardo in Got to Believe (2013-2014). Padilla began transition to more adult roles as Angelo Buenavista in ABS-CBN top seller international distribution program, remake of Pangako Sa 'Yo (2015). The role earned him first nomination at the 2015 PMPC Star Awards for Best Actor. All of his soap operas listed as the most watch Filipino television programs.
Padilla debut as a movie actor as Billy Fernandez in 24/7 in Love (2012) co-start with Kathryn Bernardo (known as "KathNiel"). The role earned him nomination at the 2013 PMPC Star Awards for New Movie Actor of the Year. In the same year he was also cast as Angelo Santos in blockbuster film Sisterakas (2012). Padilla first starred in Must Be... Love (2013). In the same year he starred in Metro Manila Film Festival entry, supernatural horror film Pagpag: Siyam na Buhay (2013) directed by Frasco S. Mortiz. Grossed P23.7M on its first day of showing, with total Box-Office Gross P182,750,969 made the movie at No.6 of Star Cinema top-grossing MMFF entries from 2009-2013 Earned him nomination at the 2013 Metro Manila Film Festival and 2014 FAMAS Awards for Best Actor and Young Critics Circle for Best Performance. Padilla has starred in blockbuster film including She's Dating the Gangster (2014), Crazy Beautiful You (2015), all his film rank among the highest-grossing Philippines films and earned him award at the GMMSF Box-Office Entertainment Awards for Prince of Philippine Movies and PEP Choice Awards Male Movie Star of the Year three years in a row. His role as Ely Antonio in Barcelona: A Love Untold (2016) earned him Box Office Entertainment Award for Box Office King, PMPC Star Award for Movie Actor of the Year and FAMAS Award for Best Actor when he was 22 years old, made him one of the youngest awardee.
In 2017 Padilla starred in the television drama La Luna Sangre, Can't Help Falling in Love and Gandarrapiddo: The Revenger Squad as Tristan, Dos and Rapiddo respectively. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272305 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tibthorpe | Tibthorpe | Introduction | Tibthorpe | Tibthorpe is a village and civil parish in the East Riding of Yorkshire, England. According to the 2011 UK census, Tibthorpe parish had a population of 157, a decrease on the 2001 UK census figure of 162.
It is 5 miles (8 km) to the west of Driffield on the edge of the Yorkshire Wolds, it lies on the B1248 road between the villages of Bainton to the south and Wetwang to the north. High Wood and Low Wood to the south are a haven for wildlife.
The village has a long history stretching back to before the Domesday Book when it was known as Tibetorp. It is recorded that centuries ago monks from Watton Abbey pastured sheep around the village and could rest at a 'chapel of ease' located in the village.
The village has no pub, school or church. There was once a Methodist Chapel, built in 1823, that was demolished some years ago, along with a number of 18th century cottages, during road construction.
In the past several small businesses flourished in the village, including a cobbler, a fishmonger, a milkman, a butcher and a fruiterer as well as a village store and blacksmith. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272309 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Catholic_University_of_Ireland | Catholic University of Ireland | Introduction | Catholic University of Ireland | The Catholic University of Ireland (CUI; Irish: Ollscoil Chaitliceach na hÉireann) was a private Catholic university in Dublin, Ireland. It was founded in 1851 following the Synod of Thurles in 1850, and in response to the Queen's University of Ireland and its associated colleges which were nondenominational; Cardinal Cullen had previously forbidden Catholics from attending these "godless colleges". |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272312 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Flat_Bastion | Flat Bastion | Flat Bastion Magazine | Flat Bastion / Flat Bastion Magazine | Flat Bastion is a bastion which projects southward from the Charles V Wall in the British Overseas Territory of Gibraltar. Once known as the St. Jago's Bastion or the Baluarte de Santiago in Spanish, the fortification was built by the Spanish in the mid 16th century and formed part of the southern defences of the city of Gibraltar, together with Charles V Wall, Southport Gates, Southport Ditch, and South Bastion. In 1859, six guns, four 12-pounders and two 12-pound carronades, were installed on the bastion, and four years later, five 32-pounders were mounted on the fortification.
Flat Bastion takes its name from the angle that its south-facing walls form with each other and with the Charles V Wall. Within the eastern portion of Flat Bastion is Flat Bastion Magazine. The bastion and magazine within it are separately listed with the Gibraltar Heritage Trust. The magazine has been restored and converted into a research facility. | The 1908 Ordnance Survey map of Gibraltar reveals Flat Bastion Magazine within the east side of the bastion. The British version of the magazine dates back to at least 1873, as documented on a keystone above one of the magazine's doorways (pictured right). It is considered likely that a magazine was present at that site previously. The magazine was constructed on scree breccia, with underlying limestone bedrock. The road through the bastion is positioned just to the west of the magazine.
The British magazine was constructed to store about five thousands barrels of gunpowder. The main area has been described as a "room within a room" as it is surrounded by a narrow hallway. Numerous wood supports are still present in the magazine. The walls of the magazine were built with bricks to help absorb the impact of explosions. In addition, the oak doors of the magazine date back five or six centuries, well before the British version of the magazine.
Flat Bastion Magazine had been abandoned for years when geology enthusiast Freddie Gomez undertook its restoration. Gomez, whose interests include both history and geology, converted the magazine to a geological research facility and exhibition centre. While much of the contents of the large collection of rocks and minerals are from his collection, other specimens have been donated. The men of the 150 (Yorkshire) Transport Regiment also spent a day performing repairs at the magazine. Gomez aspires to open the site to the public.
The Gibraltar Heritage Trust has presented the Gibraltar Heritage Award annually since 1993. In 2001, the restoration of the Flat Bastion Magazine earned Gomez the 2001 award for "his enthusiasm and single-minded dedication to the restoration and preservation of Flat Bastion Magazine." Flat Bastion Magazine is also listed with the Gibraltar Heritage Trust (in addition to the listing for the bastion itself). |
en | wit-train-topic-005272313 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Constitutional_status_of_Cornwall | Constitutional status of Cornwall | The argument for non-English constitutional status | Constitutional status of Cornwall / Constitutional status – arguments on each side / The argument for non-English constitutional status | Cornwall is an administrative county of England.
In ethnic and cultural terms, until around 1500, Cornwall and its inhabitants were regarded as a separate people by their English neighbours. One aspect of the distinct identity of Cornwall is the Cornish language, which survived into the early modern period and has been revived in modern times.
Cornish nationalists argue, whether from a legal, cultural or other basis, that Cornwall should have greater autonomy than the present administrative circumstances give. A manifestation of this is the campaign for a Cornish assembly, along the lines of the Welsh or Scottish legislative institutions. Those who assert that Cornwall is, or ought to be, separate from England do not necessarily advocate separation from the United Kingdom. An important aim is Cornwall's recognition as a British "home nation" in its own right similar to how Wales, Scotland and Northern Ireland are considered. | During the latter part of the pre-Norman period, the eastern seaboard of modern-day England became increasingly under the sway of the Norse. Sweyn Forkbeard, the first Danish King of England, died a few weeks after his English opponent Æthelred the Unready had fled, so it is probable that he never properly took control of Cornwall. His son Canute never properly conquered or controlled Scotland or Wales, but he appears to have had some authority in Cornwall, for in 1027 his counsellor Lyfing of Winchester (already bishop of Crediton) was appointed as bishop of Cornwall (St Germans), beginning the merger which would later form the See of Exeter. The map pictured, by William R. Shepherd (1926), shows Cornwall as not part of Canute's realm, but this approach is not followed by more recent scholarship, such as David Hill's An Atlas of Anglo-Saxon England (1981). Ultimately, the Danes' control of Wessex was lost in 1042 with the death of both of Canute's sons (Edward the Confessor retook Wessex for the Anglo-Saxons).
On 12 February 1857, during the Cornish Foreshore dispute, the Attorney General to the Duchy of Cornwall stated that whether it was held by a viceroy, by the Crown or granted to family or favourites, the Earldom of Cornwall (Comitatus Cornubiǽ) included all territorial revenues, rights and property which were held "as of the Honor". He then outlined how, when entrusted to the Crown, Cornwall was held not jure coronǽ but jure Comitatus – or jure Ducatus, when augmented to a Duchy – as of the Honor in manu Regis existente. [See foreshore dispute papers]
In 1328 the Earldom of Cornwall, extinct since the disgrace and execution of Piers Gaveston in 1312, was recreated and awarded to John, younger brother of King Edward III. In September 1336, shortly before he was due to marry, John died, so his heir was his brother the King, who at the beginning of March the following year proposed to Parliament that the Earldom should become a Royal Duchy, to, in the words of the Royal Declaration that preceded the Charter, "restore notable places of the realm to their pristine honours". This was agreed, and put into law by a "Great Charter" dated 17 March 1337. A second charter, immediately following the "Great Charter", attempted to clarify the Duke's rights specifically within the County of Cornwall. When the first Duke of Cornwall came of age in 1351, one of his first official acts was to carry out his own form of Domesday survey (Commission 25 Edward III).
Some say that before the creation of the Duchy, the assets of the Earl of Cornwall (including privileges such as bailiff rights, stannaries and wrecks) were subject to Crown escheat, as in the case of Edmund, 2nd Earl of Cornwall (died 1300). However, records contained within the foreshore dispute papers show that entry into Cornwall for the King's Escheator was often barred on grounds that the King's writ does not run in Cornwall. For example, records of the Launceston Eyre of 1284 show Edmund successfully resisting the King's attempted assertion of escheat rights over Cornwall. Edmund's advocate opened his plea with the words, "my liege lord hols Corrnwall above the Lord King in Chief ... so the Escheator of the Lord the King shall not intermeddle in anything belonging to the Sheriff of Cornwall". That same year Edmund is confirmed as having 'right of wreck' in Cornwall [Coram Regis Rolls 14 Edw.1 Easter No.99, M29d – Foreshore dispute papers].
The Council for Racial Equality in Cornwall website states: "Cornwall retains a unique and distinct constitutional relationship with the Crown, based on the Duchy of Cornwall and the stannaries. For other purposes it is recognised as a Celtic region or nation and enjoys its own national flag."
On 14 July 2009, Dan Rogerson MP, of the Liberal Democrats, presented a Cornish 'breakaway' bill to the Parliament in Westminster – The Government of Cornwall Bill. The bill proposed a devolved Assembly for Cornwall, similar to the Welsh and Scottish setup. The bill states that Cornwall should re-assert its rightful place within the United King |
en | wit-train-topic-005272317 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cyclic_di-GMP | Cyclic di-GMP | Introduction | Cyclic di-GMP | Cyclic di-GMP (also called cyclic diguanylate and c-di-GMP) is a second messenger used in signal transduction in a wide variety of bacteria. Cyclic di-GMP is not known to be used by archaea, and has only been observed in eukaryotes in Dictyostelium. The biological role of cyclic di-GMP was first uncovered when it was identified as an allosteric activator of a cellulose synthase found in Gluconacetobacter xylinus in order to produce microbial cellulose.
In structure, it is a cycle containing only two guanine bases linked by ribose and phosphate.
In bacteria, certain signals are communicated by synthesizing or degrading cyclic di-GMP. Cyclic di-GMP is synthesized by proteins with diguanylate cyclase activity. These proteins typically have a characteristic GGDEF motif, which refers to a conserved sequence of five amino acids. Degradation of cyclic di-GMP is affected by proteins with phosphodiesterase activity. These proteins have either an EAL or an HD-GYP amino acid motif. Processes that are known to be regulated by cyclic di-GMP, at least in some organisms, include biofilm formation, motility and virulence factor production.
Cyclic di-GMP levels are regulated using a variety of mechanisms. Many proteins with GGDEF, EAL or HD-GYP domains are found with other domains that can receive signals, such as PAS domains. Enzymes that degrade or synthesize cyclic di-GMP are believed to be localized to specific regions of the cell, where they influence receivers in a restricted space. In Gluconacetobacter xylinus, c-di-GMP stimulates the polymerization of glucose into cellulose as a high affinity allosteric activator of the enzyme cellulose synthase. Some diguanylate cyclase enzymes are allosterically inhibited by cyclic di-GMP.
Cyclic di-GMP levels regulate other processes via a number of mechanisms. The Gluconacetobacter xylinus cellulose synthase is allosterically stimulated by cyclic di-GMP, presenting a mechanism by which cyclic di-GMP can regulate cellulose synthase activity. The PilZ domain has been shown to bind cyclic di-GMP and is believed to be involved in cyclic di-GMP-dependent regulation, but the mechanism by which it does this is unknown. Recent structural studies of PilZ domains from two bacterial species have demonstrated that PilZ domains change conformation drastically upon binding to cyclic di-GMP. This leads to the strong inference that conformational changes in PilZ domains allow the activity of targeted effector proteins (such as cellulose synthase) to be regulated by cyclic di-GMP. Riboswitches called the cyclic di-GMP-I riboswitch and cyclic di-GMP-II riboswitch regulate gene expression in response to cyclic di-GMP concentrations in a variety of bacteria, but not all bacteria that are known to use cyclic di-GMP. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272318 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Candidates_of_the_2018_Lebanese_general_election | Candidates of the 2018 Lebanese general election | Bekaa II (West Bekaa-Rachaya) | Candidates of the 2018 Lebanese general election / Candidates by electoral district / Bekaa II (West Bekaa-Rachaya) | A total of 583 candidates contested the 2018 Lebanese general election, running on 77 lists. | In the second Bekaa electoral district, nearly half of the electorate is Sunni (48.8%). 14.8% of the electorate is Druze, 14.7% Shia, 7.42% Greek Catholic, 7.22% Maronite and 7.16% Greek Orthodox.
In the West Bekaa-Rachaya electoral district 3 lists were registered. The Future Movement and the Progressive Socialist Party formed a joint list. Notably this list included Mohammed Qar'awi, owner of the Bekaa Hospital, a personality previously linked to the March 8 Alliance. Amin Wahbi, founder and leader of the Democratic Left Movement was included on the Future list.
The "Best Tomorrow" list is mainly backed by the Amal Movement. In the end the Free Patriotic Movement did not join the Amal-sponsored list, leaving Greek Orthodox candidate Elie Ferzli to join it as an individual.
TV presenter Maguy Aoun is heading a third list, organized by civil society elements.
The Lebanese Forces had tried to form a list with Ashraf Rifi to contest the election, but such a list did not materialize. Likewise, the Lebanese Democratic Party opted to withdrawal its candidate Dr. Nizar Zaki. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272319 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ion_Mincu_University_of_Architecture_and_Urbanism | Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism | Introduction | Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism | The Ion Mincu University of Architecture and Urbanism (Romanian: Universitatea de Arhitectură şi Urbanism Ion Mincu din Bucureşti) is a public university for architectural and urbanism studies in Bucharest, Romania, founded in 1892. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272321 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/J%C3%B6rg_Sch%C3%BCttauf | Jörg Schüttauf | Introduction | Jörg Schüttauf | Jörg Schüttauf (born 26 December 1961) is a German actor. He studied at the Theaterhochschule Leipzig. Since 2002 he has starred in the Hessischer Rundfunk version of the popular television crime series Tatort. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272322 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nako,_Himachal_Pradesh | Nako, Himachal Pradesh | Nako lake | Nako, Himachal Pradesh / Landmarks / Nako lake | Nako is a village in the Himalayas of northern India, located near the Indo-China border in the Trans-Himalayan region of Kinnaur district in Himachal Pradesh. Nako Lake is a prominent feature here where it borders the village. Nako Monastery, dated to 1025, is located in the village as well as several other Buddhist chortens. | Nako Lake, a small lake at elevation 3,636 metres (11,929 ft) in the Kinnaur district, is 103 kilometres (64 mi) away from the district headquarter town of Reckong Peo. The lake is an integral part of the Nako village, which is created on the slopes of the Reo Purgyal mountain of the Srikhand range. During the evening twilight hours a very large number of birds flock the lake. There is a rock here which is believed to have the foot print of Padmasambhava., recording his visit to the area. A shrine has been built around this foot print and there is also stucco statue of Padmasambhava above it in addition to murals. The periphery of the lake has plantations of willow and poplar trees. The lake has boating facilities during the summer months and ice skating is practiced on the lake's surface which gets frozen during the winter months. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272323 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hinduism_in_Myanmar | Hinduism in Myanmar | Persecution of Hindus | Hinduism in Myanmar / Persecution of Hindus | Hinduism is practised by 0.5% of the population of Myanmar. Hinduism is practised by about 252,763 people in Myanmar, and has been influenced by elements of Buddhism, with many Hindu temples in Myanmar housing statues of the Buddha. | After independence from Britain, Burma Socialist Programme Party under Ne Win adopted xenophobic policies and expelled 300,000 Indian ethnic people (many of whom were Hindus and included Sikhs, Buddhists, and Muslims), along with 100,000 Chinese, from Burma between 1963 and 1967.
On 25 August 2017, the villages in a cluster known as Kha Maung Seik in northern Maungdaw District of Rakhine State in Myanmar were attacked by Rohingya Muslims of Arakan Rohingya Salvation Army (ARSA).This was called Kha Maung Seik massacre. Amnesty International said that about 99 Hindus were killed in that day.
Due to these, many Rohingya Hindus have started identifying themselves as Chittagonian Hindus rather than Rohingyas. In Myanmar and in Bangladeshi refugee camps—according to some media accounts—Hindu Rohingyas (particularly women) faced kidnapping, religious abuse and "forced conversions" at the hands of Muslim Rohingyas. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272325 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-Cyr_River_(Ottawa_River_tributary) | Saint-Cyr River (Ottawa River tributary) | Introduction | Saint-Cyr River (Ottawa River tributary) | The Saint-Cyr River /ˌseɪntˈsɪər/ is a tributary of the eastern shore of the Ottawa River. The Saint-Cyr River flows into the Municipality Rapides-des-Joachims, then from Sheenboro into the Regional County Municipality (MRC) Pontiac Regional County Municipality, in Outaouais administrative region, in Quebec, in Canada. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272326 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pleistodontes_froggatti | Pleistodontes froggatti | Description | Pleistodontes froggatti / Description | Pleistodontes froggatti is a species of fig wasp which is native to Australia. It has an obligate mutualism with the Moreton Bay Fig, Ficus macrophylla, the species it pollinates. Outside of Australia, populations have become established in Hawaii and New Zealand where it was either accidentally introduced or arrived by long-distance dispersal. | Pleistodontes froggatti is a small wasp. Females are 3.0–3.4 mm (0.12–0.13 in) long with black, brown and reddish brown bodies. Males are 1.5 mm (0.059 in) in length, with yellow and orange bodies. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272328 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ettumanoor_Mahadevar_Temple | Ettumanoor Mahadevar Temple | Festival | Ettumanoor Mahadevar Temple / Festival | Ettumanoor Mahadeva temple is an ancient Shiva temple in Kottayam, Kerala, India. It has brought glory and fame to the place. Temple tradition have it that the Pandavas and the sage Vyasa had worshipped at this temple. The name of the place has its origin from the word 'manoor', which means the land of deer. The temple is one of the major Shiva temples in Kerala counted along with the Shiva temples of Vaikom Temple, Chengannur Mahadeva Temple, Kaduthruthy Mahadeva Temple, Ernakulam Shiva Temple, Vazhappally Maha Siva Temple and Vadakkunathan temple. | Ettumanoor Mahadeva Temple hosts the arattu festival celebrated on a grand scale on the Thiruvathira day in February–March every year. Lot of people come to this temple on the 8th and 10th day of the festival when seven and half elephants (in Malayalam: ezharaponnaana) made of gold (nearly 13 Kgms) will be held in public view. This statue was donated to the temple by a travancore maharaja. The temple, one of the wealthiest Devaswoms in Kerala, has many valuable possessions.
The Thulabharam is one of the important rituals of this temple. People make offerings to God for favours received. On balance, the child or man for whom offerings were promised to God, is weighed against offerings ranging from gold to fruits. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272329 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mary_Euphrasia_Pelletier | Mary Euphrasia Pelletier | Introduction | Mary Euphrasia Pelletier | Saint Mary Euphrasia Pelletier (July 31, 1796 in Noirmoutier-en-l'Île – April 24, 1868 in Angers), born Rose Virginie Pelletier, was a French Roman Catholic nun, best known as the foundress of the Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd.
Pelletier was born on an island off the coast of France where her parents had been exiled by the French Revolutionaries. She was christened Rose Virginie Pelletier and at the age of eighteen joined the Order of Our Lady of Charity who cared for girls and women in difficulty. Some of the girls were abandoned by their families or orphaned, some had turned to prostitution in order to survive. The Sisters of Our Lady of Charity provided shelter, food, vocational training and an opportunity for these girls and women to turn their lives around. Mother Mary Euphrasia formed the Congregation of Our Lady of Charity of the Good Shepherd to expand this apostolate to wherever needed.
Pelletier died in Angers, France, in 1868 and was canonized by Pope Pius XII in 1940. Her feast day is 24 April. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272332 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orekhovo-Borisovo_Yuzhnoye_District | Orekhovo-Borisovo Yuzhnoye District | References | Orekhovo-Borisovo Yuzhnoye District / References | Orekhovo-Borisovo Yuzhnoye District is a territorial division in Southern Administrative Okrug, one of the 125 in the federal city of Moscow, Russia. It is located in the south of the federal city. The area of the district is 7.197 square kilometers. As of the 2010 Census, the total population of the district was 145,588. | |
en | wit-train-topic-005272336 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Heretic%27s_Apprentice | The Heretic's Apprentice | Plot summary | The Heretic's Apprentice / Plot summary | The Heretic's Apprentice is a medieval mystery novel by Ellis Peters set in June 1143. It is the 16th novel in the Cadfael Chronicles and was first published in 1989.
A returning pilgrim from the Holy Land brings a dowry gift and mind fresh with ideas, leading to charges of heresy and a murder in his household, at the time for celebrating the translation of Saint Winifred's bones to Shrewsbury Abbey. Brother Cadfael, Abbot Radulfus, and Sheriff Hugh Beringar work together to find the murderer, and more difficult, the motive for murder. Bishop Roger de Clinton and an Augustinian canon of the Archbishop of Canterbury bring out the challenge of deciphering true religious belief from heresy, on the border with Wales in the midsummer days of 1143. | The story takes place from 19 to 27 June 1143.
Just across the Channel, so close to home, William of Lythwood dies after a seven-year pilgrimage to the Holy Land. His servant Elave carries his master's body back home to Shrewsbury, straight to the Abbey where the funeral will take place. Elave shares the sad news with William's wool- and vellum-trading household in town, and delivers the dowry gift meant for Fortunata, his foster daughter. Not all the household is happy to see Elave return to town. His insecure replacement for the clerking work charges Elave with heresy, charges taken all too seriously by a visiting Augustinian canon from the Archbishop of Canterbury. Abbot Radulfus handles this issue with due seriousness, but with a cooler head than the peremptory canon.
Once aware that his job is in no way threatened by Elave, Aldwin leaves to recant his charges at the Abbey. His body is found in the river next morning by Cadfael. Sheriff Hugh Beringar and Madoc of the Dead Boat join to hunt for the killer. Elave is surprised by Fortunata, grown beautiful while he was away. Others in the household are taken more by the new dowry unseen in a magnificent box. Fortunata, drawn into the testimony about the supposed heresies, is drawn also to Elave. For his safety from the canon, Elave is held in a solitary cell in the Abbey, now a suspect of both heresy and murder.
Girard of Lythwood returns home, gone just a week to get the local wool clip ready to sell, to learn all the changes at once: his uncle home from his pilgrimage but dead and buried; his clerk murdered; his head shepherd Conan taken by the Sheriff; Elave home and suspected. He opens the box with Fortunata’s dowry, finding 570 silver pennies. Father Elias will not bury Aldwin until he knows he confessed and was absolved. Aldwin confessed to Father Eadmer, replacing Father Boniface on the festival day; this settles his burial in blessed ground, and removes guilt of his murder from Elave due to the time of Aldwin’s encounter with Father Eadmer, during Vespers.
The beautiful old box comes to the Abbey in a failed appeal to use its contents as bail for Elave. Brother Anselm examines the box, noting its likely use to hold a valuable book. Elave and Brother Cadfael have their first chance to hear and hold it since Elave arrived five days earlier, both aware it has changed in sound and weight. Cadfael and Hugh ask Conan more questions about the night before William's funeral before Hugh releases him, free of suspicion of Aldwin's murder. Cadfael seeks a motive for the murder of Aldwin. Fortunata gives her Uncle Jevan the box, in hopes she will learn the original contents. Cadfael and Hugh seek Fortunata, fearing for her safety. Jevan heads to his workshop near Frankwell when he notices the key to it is missing at home. Fortunata is searching his workshop for the missing box, thoroughly but without success.
Jevan faces Fortunata, slowly confessing how he killed Aldwin, believing (wrongly) that Aldwin had seen the contents of the box, as Jevan had, before Girard returned. He covets that ancient book. But he loves his niece; he is frozen in indecision, while Fortunata believes he will not kill her. Hugh and Cadfael arrive. Hugh calls to Jevan, with his good news of Conan. Jevon slips a knife up his sleeve as he grabs Fortunata close to him. Hugh sees it, as does Elave, arriving by foot from the Abbey. With tensions high, all in this scene act as normal, to part Jevan and his niece.
Unseen by the others, Elave sets fire to the workshop to make Jevan free Fortunata. Jevan runs into the blaze to fetch his prize from the thatched roof. On fire himself, he runs to the river, but cannot swim, holding the box with both hands.
Bishop Roger de Clinton arrives at the Abbey to resolve Elave's case. It is heard the next morning. Though not to Canon Gerbert's satisfaction, the Bishop calmly questions Elave, deciding that there is no heretic before him. The canon proceeds on his errand to Earl Ranulf, now home again in Chester.
Hugh arrives to tell them Jevan's body was found, and lays t |
en | wit-train-topic-005272338 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_Olympique_Lyonnais_players | List of Olympique Lyonnais players | Introduction | List of Olympique Lyonnais players | Olympique Lyonnais is a French professional association football club based in Lyon, Rhône-Alpes, playing in Ligue 1, the top level of the French football league system, as of the 2010–11 season. The club was formed in 1899 as the football section of sports club Lyon Olympique Universitaire. In 1950, the section split from the club and formed the club that exists today. Lyon played their first competitive match in August 1950. The club's first major honor was winning the 1963–64 edition of the Coupe de France. Lyon won their first ever Ligue 1 title in the 2001–02 season. The title started a national record-breaking streak of seven successive league championships.
Since playing their first competitive match, more than 500 players have made a competitive first-team appearance for the club.
Olympique Lyonnais' record appearance-maker is Serge Chiesa, who made 541 total competitive appearances between 1969–1983. In 1981, Chiesa surpassed Fleury Di Nallo who was the first player in the club's history to make 400 competitive appearances. Di Nallo is the club's all-time leading goalscorer with 182 and finished his career at Lyon with 489 total appearances. Only four other players have made over 400 appearances for Lyon. Goalkeepers Grégory Coupet and Yves Chauveau made 518 and 438 competitive appearances, respectively, while Sidney Govou appeared in 412. Coupet and Govou, alongside Juninho Pernambucano, are the only players to have played on all seven of the club's league-winning championship teams. Aimé Mignot rounds out the list having made exactly 400 appearances for Lyon. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272339 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/%C4%8Cavoj | Čavoj | Introduction | Čavoj | Čavoj (Hungarian: Csavajó) is a village and municipality in Prievidza District in the Trenčín Region of western Slovakia. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272345 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1910_London_County_Council_election | 1910 London County Council election | Tower Hamlets | 1910 London County Council election / Constituency results / Tower Hamlets | An election to the County Council of London took place on 5 March 1910. It was the eighth triennial election of the whole Council.
The size of the council was 118 councillors and 19 aldermen. The councillors were elected for electoral divisions corresponding to the parliamentary constituencies that had been created by the Representation of the People Act 1884. There were 57 dual member constituencies and one four member constituency. The Council was elected by First Past the Post with each elector having two votes in the dual member seats. | |
en | wit-train-topic-005272348 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peter_Bagge | Peter Bagge | Introduction | Peter Bagge | Peter Bagge (pronounced /bæɡ/, as in bag; born December 11, 1957) is an American cartoonist whose best-known work includes the comics Hate and Neat Stuff. His stories often use black humor and exaggerated cartooning to dramatize the reduced expectations of middle-class American youth. He won two Harvey Awards in 1991, one for best cartoonist and one for his work on Hate. In recent decades Bagge has done more fact-based comics, everything from biographies to history to comics journalism. Publishers of Bagge's articles, illustrations, and comics include suck.com, MAD Magazine, toonlet, Discover, and the Weekly World News, with the comic strip Adventures of Batboy. He has expressed his libertarian views in features for Reason. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272349 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Terrick_Williams | Terrick Williams | Work | Terrick Williams / Work | John Terrick Williams RA RI ROI, better known as Terrick Williams was a British painter who was a member of the Royal Academy. During his lifetime, Williams became one of the most successful painters in London. | After his student days in Paris, he moved to St. Ives in 1890 where he lived, between there and his London home at 89 Guntherstone Road, West Kensington, until his death. Williams was a medallist at the Paris Salon in 1908 (3rd class), and 1911 (2nd class), and also won a 2nd class medal in Balcelona of the same year. He exhibited, not only in Europe, but also at the Carnegie Institute in Philadelphia.
Williams focussed on landscape and marine subjects and painted in oil, pastel and watercolour. Baldry said that a number of notable paintings of marine subject stand to Williams's credit, and that His right to a place among the chief of the British marine painters of the present day is indisputable. He travelled extensively and his impressionistic, luminous paintings sought the transient effects of light and reflections in Venice, St. Tropez, Paris, Brittany and St. Ives.
Littlejohns said the Williams was pre-eminently a painter of light and that he found most inspiration in the sunniest parts of Europe. Baldry stated that as a colourist he is more than ordinarily endowed, that Williams had the real colour emotion, and that his use colour was controlled by an unerring taste. Littlejohns said that Williams' paintings was probably influenced by the fact that he sketches in colour. The Western Mail spoke of some of his paintings being beautiful works of mellow colouring
He was elected a member of the Royal Institute of Painters in Water Colours in 1904. His work was regularly exhibited at the Royal Academy from 1891. He was elected an Associate of the Royal Academy (A.R.A.) on 18 November 1924, a Royal Academician (R.A.) on 14 February 1933, and a Senior R.A. on 1 January 1936. In 1933 he was also elected President of the RI. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272353 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Barefoot_doctor | Barefoot doctor | End of barefoot doctors in China | Barefoot doctor / End of barefoot doctors in China | Barefoot doctors were farmers, folk healers, rural healthcare providers, and recent middle or secondary school graduates who received minimal basic medical and paramedical training and worked in rural villages in China. Their purpose was to bring healthcare to rural areas where urban-trained doctors would not settle. They promoted basic hygiene, preventive healthcare, and family planning and treated common illnesses. The name comes from southern farmers, who would often work barefoot in the rice paddies, and simultaneously worked as medical practitioners.
In the 1930s, the Rural Reconstruction Movement had pioneered village health workers trained in basic health as part of a coordinated system, and there had been provincial experiments after 1949, but after Mao Zedong's healthcare speech in 1965 the concept was developed and institutionalized. China's health policy began to emphasize the importance of barefoot doctors after Mao Zedong's June 26 directive, and, in 1968, the barefoot doctors program became integrated into national policy. | |
en | wit-train-topic-005272357 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Saint-L%C3%A9on,_Haute-Garonne | Saint-Léon, Haute-Garonne | Introduction | Saint-Léon, Haute-Garonne | Saint-Léon (Languedocien: Sent Lon) is a commune in the Haute-Garonne department in southwestern France. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272358 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Herat_Citadel | Herat Citadel | Introduction | Herat Citadel | The Citadel of Herat (Persian: ارگ هرات, Pashto سکندرۍ کلا), also known as the Citadel of Alexander, and locally known as Qala Iktyaruddin (Persian: قلعه اختیارالدین), is located in the center of Herat in Afghanistan. It dates back to 330 BC, when Alexander the Great and his army arrived to what is now Afghanistan after the Battle of Gaugamela. Many empires have used it as a headquarters in the last 2,000 years, and was destroyed and rebuilt many times over the centuries.
This historic citadel was saved from demolition in the 1950s, and was excavated and restored by UNESCO between 1976 and 1979. From decades of wars and neglect, the citadel began to crumble but in recent years several international organizations decided to completely rebuild it. The National Museum of Herat is also housed inside the citadel, while the Afghan Ministry of Information and Culture is the caretaker of the whole premises. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272363 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mahi_Bajaj_Sagar_Dam | Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam | Introduction | Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam | Mahi Bajaj Sagar Dam is a dam across the Mahi River. It is situated 16 kilometres from Banswara town in Banswara district Rajasthan, India. The dam was constructed between 1972 and 1983 for the purposes of hydroelectric power generation and water supply. It is the longest dam and second largest dam in Rajasthan. It is named after Jamnalal Bajaj.It is the biggest multipurpose project for tribal area of Rajasthan |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272365 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Exploration_Upper_Stage | Exploration Upper Stage | Introduction | Exploration Upper Stage | The Exploration Upper Stage (EUS) is being developed as a large second stage for Block 1B of the Space Launch System (SLS), succeeding Block 1's Interim Cryogenic Propulsion Stage. It will be powered by four RL10C-3 engines burning liquid oxygen and liquid hydrogen to produce a total of 440 kN (99,000 lbf) thrust. As of February 2015, the SLS Block 1B will provide thrust of 105 metric tons (231,000 lb). The EUS is expected to first fly on Artemis IV. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272366 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vic_Damone | Vic Damone | Early life | Vic Damone / Life and work / Early life | Vic Damone was an American traditional pop and big band singer, actor, radio and television presenter, and entertainer. He is best known for his performances of songs such as the number one hit "You're Breaking My Heart", and other hits like "On the Street Where You Live" and "I Have But One Heart". | Damone was born Vito Rocco Farinola in Brooklyn, New York, to Rocco and Mamie (Damone) Farinola, Italian emigrants from Bari, Italy. His father was an electrician and his mother taught piano. His cousin was the actress and singer Doretta Morrow. Inspired by his favorite singer, Frank Sinatra, Damone began taking voice lessons. He sang in the choir at St. Finbar's Church in Bath Beach, Brooklyn, for Sunday Mass under organist Anthony Amorello.
When his father was injured at work, Damone had to drop out of Lafayette High School. He worked as an usher and elevator operator at the Paramount Theater in Manhattan. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272370 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Team_UK_Youth | Team UK Youth | Introduction | Team UK Youth | Team UK Youth (UCI team code: UKY) was a British UCI Continental cycling team, competing from 2011 to 2013. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272371 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Scaptotrigona_mexicana | Scaptotrigona mexicana | Introduction | Scaptotrigona mexicana | Scaptotrigona mexicana is a species of stingless bee that lives throughout Mexico and is part of the Meliponini tribe. This species is sometimes termed "Pisil Nekmej" and is extensively studied for its medicinal purposes. This species is considered common and abundant throughout Mexico and it has been noted to thrive in tropical environments. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272372 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DONDA | DONDA | Stage design | DONDA / Projects / Stage design | DONDA was a creative content company founded by American rapper and fashion designer Kanye West. The company is named after West's late mother, Donda West, and shares the name with his tenth studio album announced for release on 24 July 2020. | Kanye West - "Surround Vision" Concert, debuted at Revel Atlantic City on December 28, 2012.
Kanye West - The Yeezus Tour, debuted at Key Arena, Seattle, WA on October 19, 2013.
Kanye West - "All Day", debuted at the Brit Awards, February 25, 2015.
Kanye West - "Surround Vision" benefit concert, debuted at Fondation Louis Vuitton on March 6, 2015. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272374 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nils_Dardel | Nils Dardel | Ballets Suédois | Nils Dardel / Biography / Paris / Ballets Suédois | Nils Dardel was a 20th-century Swedish Post-Impressionist painter, grandson to famous Swedish painter Fritz von Dardel. | After living in Paris for three years, Dardel and Rolf de Maré became friends. Maré would later create the Ballets Suédois, which performed in Paris between 1920 and 1925. The friendship benefited Dardel as Maré was able to act as a benefactor for Dardel's art, and the duo is also claimed to have been fruitful for Maré's dance company.
In the early 1920s, Dardel created a number of works based upon stage sets, and these have been likened to sketches of drama or film. Dardel also created the stage sets for Midsummer Wake (music by Hugo Alfvén), and Maison de Fous (a dance drama with compositions by Viking Dahl). Crime passionnel (Crime of Passion) from 1921 is typical of Dardel's paintings from this era. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272375 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DAV_Public_School,_Rourkela | DAV Public School, Rourkela | Introduction | DAV Public School, Rourkela | DAV Public School (also known as Dr. A.N.K. DAV Public School) is a co-ed primary, middle and senior secondary English-medium school in Basanti Colony of Rourkela.
It has classes from class one to class twelve. The students are prepared for All-India Secondary and Senior Secondary Examinations conducted by the Central Board of Secondary Education, New Delhi. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272376 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pagibang_Damara | Pagibang Damara | History | Pagibang Damara / History | Pagibang Damara is a festival in San Jose City, Nueva Ecija wherein its people celebrates to give thanks for a good harvest in line with their celebration of the City Fiesta on the second or third week of April every year. | A damara is a Tagalog word for a shelter or a shed made of bamboo and nipa that was built on ricefields as a protection for farmers from the sun or rain during planting and harvesting seasons. Farmers and landlords particularly in the city of San Jose many years ago are building this shelter before the planting season and they demolish (ginigiba) it after the harvest time as they celebrates together for the bountiful harvest. This is where the word Pagibang Damara (shed ready to be demolished) was adopted by the people of San Jose City, Nueva Ecija as they celebrates and gives thanks for their good harvest. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272377 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Anna_Ogino | Anna Ogino | Introduction | Anna Ogino | Anna Ogino (荻野 アンナ, Ogino Anna, born November 7, 1956) is a Japanese author and professor of literature at Keio University. She has won the Akutagawa Prize, the Yomiuri Prize, and the Itō Sei Literature Prize. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272378 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Velenje | Velenje | Geography | Velenje / Geography | Velenje is Slovenia's sixth-largest city, and the seat of the Municipality of Velenje. The city is located in northeastern Slovenia, among the rolling green hills of the Šalek Valley, with the Kamnik–Savinja Alps to the west and the Pohorje Mountains to the east. | Velenje is located in northeast Slovenia, some 85 km from the capital Ljubljana, and the country's second- and third-largest cities Maribor and Celje, are 75 km and 25 km away, respectively, with Graz (Austria) around 130 km away. Velenje is well connected by train and bus to other destinations, and is also easy to reach by car. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272379 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_Panther_(wrestler) | Black Panther (wrestler) | Personal life | Black Panther (wrestler) / Personal life | Black Panther, formerly known as Cachorro, and The Panther is the ring name of a Mexican luchador enmascarado, or masked professional wrestler currently working for the Mexican professional wrestling promotion Consejo Mundial de Lucha Libre portraying a tecnico wrestling character. Black Panther's real name is not a matter of public record, as is often the case with masked wrestlers in Mexico where their private lives are kept a secret from the wrestling fans. He is the son of Genaro Vazquez Nevarez, better known as Blue Panther, and the brother of wrestler Blue Panther Jr. Cachorro is Spanish for "Cub", playing off his father's "Blue Panther" ring name. | The Panther is a son of professional wrestler, Genaro Vazquez Nevarez, better known under the ring name Blue Panther and brother of Blue Panther Jr.. His full given name is not a matter of public record in accordance with Lucha Libre traditions where the true identity of masked wrestlers is kept private whenever possible. Both of Nevarez' oldest sons were featured in interviews around their father well before they became professional wrestlers, their names were never explicitly stated and they always wore the same Blue Panther mask that their father used to conceal their identifies and that of the then masked Nevarez. He is the cousin of Jesus Toral López, better known as Black Warrior, a long time wrestler. While he wanted to become a professional wrestler, his father disapproved of the idea, while his mother supported him from the beginning. In April 2020 a younger brother was introduced to the wrestling world, using the ring name Chachoro Lagunero, "The Lagunero Puppy", wearing a version of his father's Blue Panther mask design. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272380 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robert_L._Wilson_House | Robert L. Wilson House | Introduction | Robert L. Wilson House | Robert L. Wilson House is a historic home located at Noblesville, Hamilton County, Indiana. The oldest section is dated to the late-1860s, and is a two-story, Italianate style brick dwelling. It consists of four sections and was likely constructed in three parts, taking its present form by 1898. The house features three two-level cast iron porches.
It was listed on the National Register of Historic Places in 2008. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272381 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Peregrine_Worsthorne | Peregrine Worsthorne | Introduction | Peregrine Worsthorne | Sir Peregrine Gerard Worsthorne (born 22 December 1923) is a British journalist, writer and broadcaster. He was educated at Stowe School, Peterhouse, Cambridge, and Magdalen College, Oxford. Worsthorne spent the largest part of his career at the Telegraph newspaper titles, eventually becoming editor of The Sunday Telegraph for several years. He left the newspaper in 1997. |
|
en | wit-train-topic-005272382 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Halkap%C4%B1nar_Transfer_Center | Halkapınar Transfer Center | Layout | Halkapınar Transfer Center / Layout | Halkapınar Transfer Center, commonly referred to as Halkapınar Metro or just Halkapınar, is a multi-modal transportation complex in İzmir, Turkey. Located in northeast Konak, it is the largest transportation complex in İzmir, as well as the Aegean Region. The complex offers connections between İZBAN commuter rail service, İzmir Metro rapid transit service, Tram İzmir tram service and ESHOT city bus service. Halkapınar Transfer Center was originally opened in 1865 as a railway station. The transfer center opened on 22 May 2000 together with a new metro station and bus terminals and was the first complex to offer direct connection between heavy rail and rapid transit service in Turkey. | Halkapınar has a total of five island platforms serving nine tracks, three for metro and four for heavy rail in the main complex and two in the tram stop. The two platforms on the southern side are for İzmir Metro trains on the Fahrettin Altay—Evka 3 Line. Out of the other two platforms, the south platform (adjacent to the İzmir Metro platforms), is for İZBAN commuter trains, while the fourth platform is currently used for parking the freight stock. Prior to 2016, that platform was used by intercity and regional trains to Eskişehir, Balıkesir, Bandırma, Uşak and Konya.
On both sides of the platforms are railyards. On the north side is a small freight yard, used by TCDD Taşımacılık, for freight trains using the nearby Port of İzmir. On the south side is the İzmir Metro's Halkapınar Maintenance Facility, used for layovers and maintenance of their rolling stock. A new depot for Tram İzmir equipment has been built, next to the metro depot. Further south of the under construction tram depot is a bus garage, used by ESHOT, for their city bus fleet.
City buses arrive and depart from two separate bus terminals, located on opposite sides of the complex. The larger bus terminal, with 9 bus bays and 17 halts, is located to the southwest, accessible via Şehitler Avenue. The majority of buses depart from this terminal. The second and smaller one, with 6 bus bays and 8 halts, is located on the north side of the complex and is accessible via 1561st Street. Both terminals are accessible via the main overpass, connecting all facilities of the transfer center.
The tram station for the Konak Tram is located on the southern side of the complex, along Şehitler Avenue. It is accessible via a walkway. |
en | wit-train-topic-005272383 | https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SBe_250 | SBe 250 | Introduction | SBe 250 | The SBe 250 (Splitter Beton) or concrete fragmentation in English was a fragmentation bomb used by the Luftwaffe during World War II. |
Subsets and Splits