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Are neck recurrence from thyroid carcinoma : serum thyroglobulin and high-dose total body scan reliable criteria for cure after radioiodine treatment?

Local and regional recurrences occur in up to 20% of patients with papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma . Diagnostic work-up and treatment modalities are still controversial, because nodal control is difficult to ascertain . We assessed the value of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) determination and of high-dose 131I total body scan (TBS) for ascertaining the absence of disease in patients who had already been treated with radioiodine and who subsequently underwent surgery .

Serum Tg levels and 131I TBS cannot be considered as reliable indicators for the absence of disease in patients already treated with 131I. However, when both tests are negative, the risk of persistent disease is minimal.

no

### Human: Local and regional recurrences occur in up to 20% of patients with papillary and follicular thyroid carcinoma . Diagnostic work-up and treatment modalities are still controversial, because nodal control is difficult to ascertain . We assessed the value of serum thyroglobulin (Tg) determination and of high-dose 131I total body scan (TBS) for ascertaining the absence of disease in patients who had already been treated with radioiodine and who subsequently underwent surgery . Are neck recurrence from thyroid carcinoma : serum thyroglobulin and high-dose total body scan reliable criteria for cure after radioiodine treatment?### Assistant: Serum Tg levels and 131I TBS cannot be considered as reliable indicators for the absence of disease in patients already treated with 131I. However, when both tests are negative, the risk of persistent disease is minimal.

Serum Tg levels and 131I TBS cannot be considered as reliable indicators for the absence of disease in patients already treated with 131

Are carbohydrate intake and refined-grain consumption associated with metabolic syndrome in the Korean adult population?

Little is known about associations with sources or types of dietary carbohydrates . Cross-sectional study was based on data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2007-2009) and a nationally representative sample . Triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose levels were associated with the percentage of energy from carbohydrates in men and white rice intake in women . The determinants of metabolic syndrome were the percentage . of energy . from carbohydrates and intake of refined grains, including white rice, in women.

Our findings suggest that the sources and types of carbohydrates were differentially associated with metabolic syndrome according to sex in the Korean adult population. The percentage of energy from carbohydrates in men and intake of refined grains, including white rice, in women were associated with metabolic syndrome.

yes

### Human: Little is known about associations with sources or types of dietary carbohydrates . Cross-sectional study was based on data from the Fourth Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHANES 2007-2009) and a nationally representative sample . Triglyceride, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting blood glucose levels were associated with the percentage of energy from carbohydrates in men and white rice intake in women . The determinants of metabolic syndrome were the percentage . of energy . from carbohydrates and intake of refined grains, including white rice, in women. Are carbohydrate intake and refined-grain consumption associated with metabolic syndrome in the Korean adult population?### Assistant: Our findings suggest that the sources and types of carbohydrates were differentially associated with metabolic syndrome according to sex in the Korean adult population. The percentage of energy from carbohydrates in men and intake of refined grains, including white rice, in women were associated with metabolic syndrome.

The percentage of energy from carbohydrates in men and intake of refined grains, including white rice, in women were associated with metabolic syndrome .

Does intravenous infusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improve brain function after resuscitation from cardiac arrest?

Allogeneic bone marrow stem cells were previously shown to improve myocardial function when administered intravenously after resuscitation from cardiac arrest in rats . Coincidental evidence of improved brain function prompted the present study . Adhesive removal, motor function test, neurologic severity score, and 35-day survival were each significantly improved in comparison with control animals . Labeled mesenchymal stem cells identified in the hippocampus, cortex, pons, medulla, and cerebellum and expressed protein markers phenotypic neural cells .

Mesenchymal stem cells injected into the right atrium of rats after resuscitation from cardiac arrest were identified in brains harvested 35 days later. Brain function was significantly improved. Accordingly, venous injection of mesenchymal stem cells after cardiopulmonary resuscitation has promise of minimizing the severity of postresuscitation neurologic impairment.

yes

### Human: Allogeneic bone marrow stem cells were previously shown to improve myocardial function when administered intravenously after resuscitation from cardiac arrest in rats . Coincidental evidence of improved brain function prompted the present study . Adhesive removal, motor function test, neurologic severity score, and 35-day survival were each significantly improved in comparison with control animals . Labeled mesenchymal stem cells identified in the hippocampus, cortex, pons, medulla, and cerebellum and expressed protein markers phenotypic neural cells . Does intravenous infusion of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells improve brain function after resuscitation from cardiac arrest?### Assistant: Mesenchymal stem cells injected into the right atrium of rats after resuscitation from cardiac arrest were identified in brains harvested 35 days later. Brain function was significantly improved. Accordingly, venous injection of mesenchymal stem cells after cardiopulmonary resuscitation has promise of minimizing the severity of postresuscitation neurologic impairment.

Mesenchymal stem cells injected into the right atrium of rats after resuscitation from cardiac arrest were identified in brains harvested 35

Is antioxidative activity of HDL particle subspecies impaired in hyperalphalipoproteinemia : relevance of enzymatic and physicochemical properties?

Hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HALP) is characterized by elevated plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles with altered composition, metabolism, and function . HDL2b and 2a and small dense HDL3b and 3c levels were elevated up to 2.0-fold in HALP subjects (n=9) with low hepatic lipase activity . LDL oxidation was delayed by control HDL3a, 3b, 3c (up to -79%) but specifically by HDL3c (-54%)

Intrinsic antioxidative activity of HDL subspecies is impaired in HALP, reflecting altered enzymatic and physicochemical properties.

yes

### Human: Hyperalphalipoproteinemia (HALP) is characterized by elevated plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) particles with altered composition, metabolism, and function . HDL2b and 2a and small dense HDL3b and 3c levels were elevated up to 2.0-fold in HALP subjects (n=9) with low hepatic lipase activity . LDL oxidation was delayed by control HDL3a, 3b, 3c (up to -79%) but specifically by HDL3c (-54%) Is antioxidative activity of HDL particle subspecies impaired in hyperalphalipoproteinemia : relevance of enzymatic and physicochemical properties?### Assistant: Intrinsic antioxidative activity of HDL subspecies is impaired in HALP, reflecting altered enzymatic and physicochemical properties.

HDL subspecies is impaired in HALP, reflecting altered enzymatic and physicochemical properties .

Is it time to adjust the adjustment disorder category?

A recent review highlighted the existing lack of evidence concerning adjustment disorders . Many patients do not fulfill criteria of a more specific diagnosis, but are still regarded as 'in need of treatment' The drawback of this clinical utility consists in the lack of operational diagnostic specificity . This leads to the resistance of adjustment disorders being researched properly, resulting in a substantial proportion of patients receiving treatments that are not evidence-based . Thereby, the border disputes of what differentiates adjustment disorders from normal human adaptation processes and from other (more specific) disorders need to be solved .

Given the high prevalence rates of adjustment disorders and their scientific neglect, it is time to revise adjustment disorders.

yes

### Human: A recent review highlighted the existing lack of evidence concerning adjustment disorders . Many patients do not fulfill criteria of a more specific diagnosis, but are still regarded as 'in need of treatment' The drawback of this clinical utility consists in the lack of operational diagnostic specificity . This leads to the resistance of adjustment disorders being researched properly, resulting in a substantial proportion of patients receiving treatments that are not evidence-based . Thereby, the border disputes of what differentiates adjustment disorders from normal human adaptation processes and from other (more specific) disorders need to be solved . Is it time to adjust the adjustment disorder category?### Assistant: Given the high prevalence rates of adjustment disorders and their scientific neglect, it is time to revise adjustment disorders.

Given the high prevalence rates of adjustment disorders and their scientific neglect, it is time to revise adjustment disorders .

Is ovarian cancer cell invasiveness associated with discordant exosomal sequestration of Let-7 miRNA and miR-200?

Recent studies support the hypothesis that the release of exosomes from cells modifies local extracellular conditions to promote cell growth and neovascularisation . Exosomes may modify the phenotype of parent and/or target cells, and may also modify cell function and activity . The let-7 family miRNA transcripts were more abundant in OVCAR-3 cells than SKOV-3 . In contrast, let-6 family transcripts were only identified in both ovarian cancer cell lines and their exosome exosomal microRNA .

The data obtained in this study are consistent with the hypothesis that the releases of exosomes varies significantly between ovarian cancer cell lines and correlates with their invasive potential.

yes

### Human: Recent studies support the hypothesis that the release of exosomes from cells modifies local extracellular conditions to promote cell growth and neovascularisation . Exosomes may modify the phenotype of parent and/or target cells, and may also modify cell function and activity . The let-7 family miRNA transcripts were more abundant in OVCAR-3 cells than SKOV-3 . In contrast, let-6 family transcripts were only identified in both ovarian cancer cell lines and their exosome exosomal microRNA . Is ovarian cancer cell invasiveness associated with discordant exosomal sequestration of Let-7 miRNA and miR-200?### Assistant: The data obtained in this study are consistent with the hypothesis that the releases of exosomes varies significantly between ovarian cancer cell lines and correlates with their invasive potential.

Exosomes releases of exosomes varies significantly between ovarian cancer cell lines and correlates with their invasive potential . The data obtained in this

Does phospholipid association reduce the gastric mucosal toxicity of aspirin in human subjects?

Aspirasone (ASA)-induced injury to the gastric mucosa is markedly reduced or completely abolished if ASA is chemically associated with the phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine (PC) The number of gastric erosions seen with the ASA/PC formulation was significantly less than when ASA was used alone . The antral mucosal COX activity, as well as the level of prostaglandin 6-keto PGF1alpha, were reduced significantly .

The present study shows that acute aspirin-induced damage to the gastric mucosa can be reduced by chemically associating ASA with PC. The mechanism of mucosal protection provided by this compound is not related to any alteration in the ability of ASA to inhibit mucosal COX activity. We believe this protection is attributable to the maintenance of the defensive hydrophobic barrier of the gastric mucosa.

yes

### Human: Aspirasone (ASA)-induced injury to the gastric mucosa is markedly reduced or completely abolished if ASA is chemically associated with the phospholipid, phosphatidylcholine (PC) The number of gastric erosions seen with the ASA/PC formulation was significantly less than when ASA was used alone . The antral mucosal COX activity, as well as the level of prostaglandin 6-keto PGF1alpha, were reduced significantly . Does phospholipid association reduce the gastric mucosal toxicity of aspirin in human subjects?### Assistant: The present study shows that acute aspirin-induced damage to the gastric mucosa can be reduced by chemically associating ASA with PC. The mechanism of mucosal protection provided by this compound is not related to any alteration in the ability of ASA to inhibit mucosal COX activity. We believe this protection is attributable to the maintenance of the defensive hydrophobic barrier of the gastric mucosa.

The mechanism of mucosal protection provided by this compound is not related to any alteration in the ability of ASA to inhibit mucosal COX

Is lPS-Stimulated Whole Blood Cytokine Production Related to Disease Behavior in Patients with Quiescent Crohn 's Disease?

Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which cytokines play a pivotal role in the induction and maintenance of inflammation . Innate cytokine production is genetically determined and varies largely between individuals; this might impact the severity of inflammation. We aimed to assess whether ex-vivo endotoxin-stimulated levels of cytokines could be associated with disease phenotypes . TNF-α levels were higher in patients with CD (428 pg/ml IQR [267-468) compared to healthy controls .

In this study, innate cytokine production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 was not related to historical disease characteristics or disease severity in patients with quiescent CD. These findings suggest that genetically determined levels of these cytokines obtained from LPS-stimulated whole blood cultures are not linked with disease behavior or severity.

no

### Human: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory disease in which cytokines play a pivotal role in the induction and maintenance of inflammation . Innate cytokine production is genetically determined and varies largely between individuals; this might impact the severity of inflammation. We aimed to assess whether ex-vivo endotoxin-stimulated levels of cytokines could be associated with disease phenotypes . TNF-α levels were higher in patients with CD (428 pg/ml IQR [267-468) compared to healthy controls . Is lPS-Stimulated Whole Blood Cytokine Production Related to Disease Behavior in Patients with Quiescent Crohn 's Disease?### Assistant: In this study, innate cytokine production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-10 was not related to historical disease characteristics or disease severity in patients with quiescent CD. These findings suggest that genetically determined levels of these cytokines obtained from LPS-stimulated whole blood cultures are not linked with disease behavior or severity.

TNF-α, IL-1β, IL6 and IL-10 were not related to historical disease characteristics or disease severity in

Is p62/SQSTM1 but not LC3 accumulated in sarcopenic muscle of mice?

We investigated the pathway of autophagy signaling linked to sarcopenia of mice . We evaluated the amounts of p62/SQSTM1, LC3, and Beclin-1 in the quadriceps muscle change with aging in mice . The amounts of these proteins in both nuclear and membrane fractions did not change significantly with age . Aging did not elicit significant changes in the mRNA levels of the protein levels . In aged muscle, the location of the p62QSTm1 immunoreactivity was similar to that of BeclIn-1 protein, but not LC3 .

Sarcopenia in mice appears to include a marked defect of autophagy signaling.

yes

### Human: We investigated the pathway of autophagy signaling linked to sarcopenia of mice . We evaluated the amounts of p62/SQSTM1, LC3, and Beclin-1 in the quadriceps muscle change with aging in mice . The amounts of these proteins in both nuclear and membrane fractions did not change significantly with age . Aging did not elicit significant changes in the mRNA levels of the protein levels . In aged muscle, the location of the p62QSTm1 immunoreactivity was similar to that of BeclIn-1 protein, but not LC3 . Is p62/SQSTM1 but not LC3 accumulated in sarcopenic muscle of mice?### Assistant: Sarcopenia in mice appears to include a marked defect of autophagy signaling.

Sarcopenia in mice appears to include a marked defect of autophagy signaling .

Does epistasis between antibiotic resistance mutations drive the evolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis?

Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are a growing threat to global health . Drug resistance is often associated with a fitness cost in the absence of a drug . Little is known about the fitness cost associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics . We used Mycobacterium smegmatis as a model for human tuberculosis (TB) and an in vitro competitive fitness assay to explore the combined fitness effects and interaction between mutations conferring resistance to rifampicin and ofloxacin .

Our results suggest that epistasis between drug resistance mutations in mycobacteria can lead to MDR strains with no fitness deficit, and that these strains are positively selected in settings with a high burden of drug-resistant TB. Taken together, our findings support a role for epistasis in the evolution and epidemiology of MDR- and XDR-TB.

yes

### Human: Multidrug resistant (MDR) bacteria are a growing threat to global health . Drug resistance is often associated with a fitness cost in the absence of a drug . Little is known about the fitness cost associated with resistance to multiple antibiotics . We used Mycobacterium smegmatis as a model for human tuberculosis (TB) and an in vitro competitive fitness assay to explore the combined fitness effects and interaction between mutations conferring resistance to rifampicin and ofloxacin . Does epistasis between antibiotic resistance mutations drive the evolution of extensively drug-resistant tuberculosis?### Assistant: Our results suggest that epistasis between drug resistance mutations in mycobacteria can lead to MDR strains with no fitness deficit, and that these strains are positively selected in settings with a high burden of drug-resistant TB. Taken together, our findings support a role for epistasis in the evolution and epidemiology of MDR- and XDR-TB.

Our results suggest that epistasis between drug resistance mutations in mycobacteria can lead to MDR strains with no fitness deficit . These

Does antisense oligonucleotide against hTERT ( Cantide ) inhibit tumor growth in an orthotopic primary hepatic lymphoma mouse model?

Human xenograft models are important for investigating local tumor growth, vascular and lymphatic invasion at the primary tumor site and metastasis . We report the antitumor effect of Cantide, an antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide against hTERT, on the growth of HLBL-0102 tumors . We showed a significant, dose-dependent inhibition of tumor weight and serum LDH activity in the orthotopically transplanted animals by Cantide . Survival was prolonged in Cantide-treated HLBLBL-0202 tumor-bearing mice when compared to mock-treated mice .

Our study provided the basis for the development of a clinical trial protocol to treat PHL.

yes

### Human: Human xenograft models are important for investigating local tumor growth, vascular and lymphatic invasion at the primary tumor site and metastasis . We report the antitumor effect of Cantide, an antisense phosphorothioate oligonucleotide against hTERT, on the growth of HLBL-0102 tumors . We showed a significant, dose-dependent inhibition of tumor weight and serum LDH activity in the orthotopically transplanted animals by Cantide . Survival was prolonged in Cantide-treated HLBLBL-0202 tumor-bearing mice when compared to mock-treated mice . Does antisense oligonucleotide against hTERT ( Cantide ) inhibit tumor growth in an orthotopic primary hepatic lymphoma mouse model?### Assistant: Our study provided the basis for the development of a clinical trial protocol to treat PHL.

Our study provided the basis for the development of a clinical trial protocol to treat PHL .

Does quality assurance questionnaire for professionals fail to improve the quality of informed consent?

The quality of informed consent is evaluated using independent telephone interviews of 836 subjects who had given consent to participate in the clinical trials and the authors' study . Non-significant effects have been found for the overall assessment score (-0.034 on a 0-10 point scale, standard error 0.099, P = 0.73) and for the score measuring 'therapeutic misconception' - 0.005 on a . 0-5 point scale . Confidence intervals are narrow enough to exclude any clinically important effect .

The intervention may work in a more homogeneous patient population, or one that is not sampled. The outcome measurement relies on a short, anonymous, telephone interview (to minimize burden and eliminate bias), but a longer, face-to-face interview may be more sensitive to differences. A 'checklist' tied directly to the outcome measures may show an effect.

yes

### Human: The quality of informed consent is evaluated using independent telephone interviews of 836 subjects who had given consent to participate in the clinical trials and the authors' study . Non-significant effects have been found for the overall assessment score (-0.034 on a 0-10 point scale, standard error 0.099, P = 0.73) and for the score measuring 'therapeutic misconception' - 0.005 on a . 0-5 point scale . Confidence intervals are narrow enough to exclude any clinically important effect . Does quality assurance questionnaire for professionals fail to improve the quality of informed consent?### Assistant: The intervention may work in a more homogeneous patient population, or one that is not sampled. The outcome measurement relies on a short, anonymous, telephone interview (to minimize burden and eliminate bias), but a longer, face-to-face interview may be more sensitive to differences. A 'checklist' tied directly to the outcome measures may show an effect.

The intervention may work in a more homogeneous patient population, or one that is not sampled . The outcome measurement relies on a short,

Is bLCA-4 expression related to MMP-9 , VEGF , IL-1α and IL-8 in bladder cancer but not to PEDF , TNF-α or angiogenesis?

BLCA-4 is a specific nuclear matrix protein found in bladder cancer . There is a dearth of study on functional analysis upon this factor . We aimed to discover whether BLCa-4 was related to angiogenesis in bladder cancers . Positive correlations were found between expression of BLC a-4 and IL-1α (p=0.038), IL-8, VEGF (p) and MMP-9 . Positive correlation was also found in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP)

BLCA-4 may not effect pro-angiogenic pathways in bladder cancer, it can however interact with IL-1α, IL-8, VEGF and MMP-9 to enhance tumourigenesis and tumour invasiveness.

yes

### Human: BLCA-4 is a specific nuclear matrix protein found in bladder cancer . There is a dearth of study on functional analysis upon this factor . We aimed to discover whether BLCa-4 was related to angiogenesis in bladder cancers . Positive correlations were found between expression of BLC a-4 and IL-1α (p=0.038), IL-8, VEGF (p) and MMP-9 . Positive correlation was also found in papillary urothelial neoplasm of low malignant potential (PUNLMP) Is bLCA-4 expression related to MMP-9 , VEGF , IL-1α and IL-8 in bladder cancer but not to PEDF , TNF-α or angiogenesis?### Assistant: BLCA-4 may not effect pro-angiogenic pathways in bladder cancer, it can however interact with IL-1α, IL-8, VEGF and MMP-9 to enhance tumourigenesis and tumour invasiveness.

BLCA-4 can interact with IL-1α, IL-8, VEGF and MMP-9 to enhance

Are different polymorphisms of the mineralocorticoid receptor gene associated with either glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid levels in hypertension?

Polymorphisms in the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) have been inconsistently shown to be associated with risk of hypertension and aldosterone and cortisol levels . The study was conducted in the HyperPATH cohort of 570 hypertensive Caucasian subjects on a salt-controlled diet . Haplotypes generated from 74 htSNP representing the common genetic variations of the entire MR gene were analyzed by comparing high- vs. normal-mode UFC groups and the association with serum ald testosterone levels .

These findings imply that there may be differential functional importance of the DBD and LBD of the MR in the regulation of glucocorticoid and aldosterone levels in hypertensive subjects.

yes

### Human: Polymorphisms in the mineralocorticoid receptor (MR) have been inconsistently shown to be associated with risk of hypertension and aldosterone and cortisol levels . The study was conducted in the HyperPATH cohort of 570 hypertensive Caucasian subjects on a salt-controlled diet . Haplotypes generated from 74 htSNP representing the common genetic variations of the entire MR gene were analyzed by comparing high- vs. normal-mode UFC groups and the association with serum ald testosterone levels . Are different polymorphisms of the mineralocorticoid receptor gene associated with either glucocorticoid or mineralocorticoid levels in hypertension?### Assistant: These findings imply that there may be differential functional importance of the DBD and LBD of the MR in the regulation of glucocorticoid and aldosterone levels in hypertensive subjects.

These findings imply that there may be differential functional importance of the DBD and LBD of the MR in regulation of glucocortic

Does deferasirox induce QT/QTc-prolongation in healthy subjects?

Deferasirox (Exjade, ICL670) is a once-daily oral iron chelator, developed for the treatment of blood transfusion-related iron overload . The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) E14 guidance recommends that almost all drugs should undergo careful clinical testing in a thorough QT/QTc study . The primary endpoint was the average change from baseline in QT/. QTc over the 24-h period following intake of study medication .

This study demonstrates that deferasirox does not prolong the QT/QTc interval at both therapeutic and supratherapeutic plasma concentrations. It is, therefore, not expected that deferasirox has a negative effect on cardiac repolarization in patients under treatment with this medication.

no

### Human: Deferasirox (Exjade, ICL670) is a once-daily oral iron chelator, developed for the treatment of blood transfusion-related iron overload . The International Conference on Harmonization (ICH) E14 guidance recommends that almost all drugs should undergo careful clinical testing in a thorough QT/QTc study . The primary endpoint was the average change from baseline in QT/. QTc over the 24-h period following intake of study medication . Does deferasirox induce QT/QTc-prolongation in healthy subjects?### Assistant: This study demonstrates that deferasirox does not prolong the QT/QTc interval at both therapeutic and supratherapeutic plasma concentrations. It is, therefore, not expected that deferasirox has a negative effect on cardiac repolarization in patients under treatment with this medication.

deferasirox does not prolong the QT/QTc interval at both therapeutic and supratherapeutic plasma concentrations .

Is severity of old world cutaneous leishmaniasis influenced by previous exposure to sandfly bites in Saudi Arabia?

Sandflies inject saliva while feeding and salivary protein PpSP32 was previously shown to be a biomarker for bite exposure . Sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi is the vector of Leishmania major, the main causative agent of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Saudi Arabia . Study used recombinant Pp SP32 to evaluate human exposure to Ph. Papatasi bites and study the association between antibody response to saliva and CL in endemic areas .

Our findings suggest a possible correlation between the type of immunity generated by the exposure to sandfly bites and disease outcome.

yes

### Human: Sandflies inject saliva while feeding and salivary protein PpSP32 was previously shown to be a biomarker for bite exposure . Sandfly Phlebotomus papatasi is the vector of Leishmania major, the main causative agent of Old World cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) in Saudi Arabia . Study used recombinant Pp SP32 to evaluate human exposure to Ph. Papatasi bites and study the association between antibody response to saliva and CL in endemic areas . Is severity of old world cutaneous leishmaniasis influenced by previous exposure to sandfly bites in Saudi Arabia?### Assistant: Our findings suggest a possible correlation between the type of immunity generated by the exposure to sandfly bites and disease outcome.

Our findings suggest a possible correlation between the type of immunity generated by the exposure to sandfly bites and disease outcome .

Does human herpesvirus 8-encoded interleukin 6 activate HIV-1 in the U1 monocytic cell line?

Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) encodes a viral interleukin 6 (vIL-6) which is structurally and functionally similar to human interlekin 6 . The objective of this study was to examine the ability of vIL-six to upregulate HIV-1 . The vIL6 appeared to utilize the IL-6-specific component of the IL6 signaling complex, CD126'IL-SixR', in U1 cells, but not in ACH-2 T cells .

HHV-8 vIL-6 clearly has the potential to upregulate HIV-1 expression in monocytic cells, and therefore may play a role in AIDS pathogenesis in individuals infected with both viruses.

yes

### Human: Human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) encodes a viral interleukin 6 (vIL-6) which is structurally and functionally similar to human interlekin 6 . The objective of this study was to examine the ability of vIL-six to upregulate HIV-1 . The vIL6 appeared to utilize the IL-6-specific component of the IL6 signaling complex, CD126'IL-SixR', in U1 cells, but not in ACH-2 T cells . Does human herpesvirus 8-encoded interleukin 6 activate HIV-1 in the U1 monocytic cell line?### Assistant: HHV-8 vIL-6 clearly has the potential to upregulate HIV-1 expression in monocytic cells, and therefore may play a role in AIDS pathogenesis in individuals infected with both viruses.

HHV-8 vIL-6 has the potential to upregulate HIV-1 expression in monocytic cells . It may

Do microenviromental change after synthetic E-selectins interfere in ischemia-reperfusion in rats and its contribution to endogenetic/exogenous never stem cells?

The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased in brain tissues and rat serums after applying synthetic E-selectins . Expression of exogenous neurological stem cells was enhanced after ameliorating local microenvironment . Animal neurological functions improved after the treatment . The study was conducted in rats hind cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models . The authors conclude that the study was a result of the anti-adhesive effects of synthetic E-selectin . The results show that the effects of the drug's anti-inflammatory effects were beneficial to animals .

Anti-inflammatory therapy in early stage could enhance proliferation of stem cells so that it has vital significations in treating cerebrovascular diseases.

yes

### Human: The contents of TNF-α and IL-1β were decreased in brain tissues and rat serums after applying synthetic E-selectins . Expression of exogenous neurological stem cells was enhanced after ameliorating local microenvironment . Animal neurological functions improved after the treatment . The study was conducted in rats hind cerebral ischemia-reperfusion models . The authors conclude that the study was a result of the anti-adhesive effects of synthetic E-selectin . The results show that the effects of the drug's anti-inflammatory effects were beneficial to animals . Do microenviromental change after synthetic E-selectins interfere in ischemia-reperfusion in rats and its contribution to endogenetic/exogenous never stem cells?### Assistant: Anti-inflammatory therapy in early stage could enhance proliferation of stem cells so that it has vital significations in treating cerebrovascular diseases.

Anti-inflammatory therapy in early stage could enhance proliferation of stem cells . Therapy has vital significations in treating cerebrovascular diseases .

Do behavioral activation system deficits predict the six-month course of depression?

Study tested the hypothesis that BAS deficits, measured with both self-report and electrophysiological methods, would predict the six-month course of depression . Participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) with or without pre-existing dysthymia were assessed at baseline with Carver and White's . The week-by-week course of their depressive symptoms was assessed six months later with the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation (LIFE) Baseline resting EEG alpha asymmetry did not significantly predict the course of . depression .

Although BAS sensitivity predicted the subsequent course of depression, we cannot determine whether it played a causal role in maintaining depression.

yes

### Human: Study tested the hypothesis that BAS deficits, measured with both self-report and electrophysiological methods, would predict the six-month course of depression . Participants with major depressive disorder (MDD) with or without pre-existing dysthymia were assessed at baseline with Carver and White's . The week-by-week course of their depressive symptoms was assessed six months later with the Longitudinal Interval Follow-up Evaluation (LIFE) Baseline resting EEG alpha asymmetry did not significantly predict the course of . depression . Do behavioral activation system deficits predict the six-month course of depression?### Assistant: Although BAS sensitivity predicted the subsequent course of depression, we cannot determine whether it played a causal role in maintaining depression.

BAS sensitivity predicted the subsequent course of depression . We cannot determine whether it played a causal role in maintaining depression .

Is thymidine phosphorylase expression associated with time to progression in patients receiving low-dose , docetaxel-modulated capecitabine for metastatic breast cancer?

Preclinical data have indicated a synergistic interaction between docetaxel and capecitabine by means of taxane-induced up-regulation of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) A significantly higher TTP was observed in patients with TP-positive tumors (log-rank test, P = 0.009) A subgroup analysis confirmed this TTP benefit in patients . Overall, the treatment was well tolerated. The most common clinical adverse events were alopecia (55%), nail changes (53%), fatigue/asthenia (51%), nausea/vomiting (51%) neutropenia (49%), and neuropathy (49%)

This study indicates that a regimen with low doses of capecitabine plus weekly docetaxel is active against MBC. The correlative analysis provides preliminary evidence that TP expression may be a predictive marker for therapeutic benefit.

yes

### Human: Preclinical data have indicated a synergistic interaction between docetaxel and capecitabine by means of taxane-induced up-regulation of thymidine phosphorylase (TP) A significantly higher TTP was observed in patients with TP-positive tumors (log-rank test, P = 0.009) A subgroup analysis confirmed this TTP benefit in patients . Overall, the treatment was well tolerated. The most common clinical adverse events were alopecia (55%), nail changes (53%), fatigue/asthenia (51%), nausea/vomiting (51%) neutropenia (49%), and neuropathy (49%) Is thymidine phosphorylase expression associated with time to progression in patients receiving low-dose , docetaxel-modulated capecitabine for metastatic breast cancer?### Assistant: This study indicates that a regimen with low doses of capecitabine plus weekly docetaxel is active against MBC. The correlative analysis provides preliminary evidence that TP expression may be a predictive marker for therapeutic benefit.

A regimen with low doses of capecitabine plus weekly docetaxel is active against MBC . The study indicates that a

Does ascorbic acid reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats through the control of reactive oxygen species?

Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many forms of acute renal failure . The aim was examine the effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress and its relationship with nitric oxide on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats . We utilized 32 Wistar rats allocated in four groups of eight animals each: control (CTL), vitamin C (VIT C), gentamicine (GENTA), and GENTA + VIT C; all groups were treated during seven days .

This study suggests that VIT C is a valuable tool to protect against GENTA-induced nephrotoxicity, by reducing reactive oxygen species and increasing the nitric oxide.

yes

### Human: Oxidative stress has been implicated in the pathophysiology of many forms of acute renal failure . The aim was examine the effect of vitamin C on oxidative stress and its relationship with nitric oxide on gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats . We utilized 32 Wistar rats allocated in four groups of eight animals each: control (CTL), vitamin C (VIT C), gentamicine (GENTA), and GENTA + VIT C; all groups were treated during seven days . Does ascorbic acid reduce gentamicin-induced nephrotoxicity in rats through the control of reactive oxygen species?### Assistant: This study suggests that VIT C is a valuable tool to protect against GENTA-induced nephrotoxicity, by reducing reactive oxygen species and increasing the nitric oxide.

VIT C is a valuable tool to protect against GENTA-induced nephrotoxicity, by reducing reactive oxygen species and increasing

Are preoperative C-reactive protein levels associated with tumor size and lymphovascular invasion in resected non-small cell lung cancer?

The study focused on the association between preoperative serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and pathologic parameters in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that serum CRP level and tumor diameter are positively correlated . Serum CRP levels were associated with sex (male vs. female, p=0.003), smoking status (smoker vs. never smoker) and age (age>64.5 vs. age <64. 5 vs. 64.5)

Our results indicate that lymphovascular invasion and pathologic tumor size are associated with preoperative serum CRP level, which may be considered a prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC. This additional information might serve as a basis to explain poor prognosis in patients with preoperative serum CRP elevation.

yes

### Human: The study focused on the association between preoperative serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels and pathologic parameters in patients with resected non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) The Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that serum CRP level and tumor diameter are positively correlated . Serum CRP levels were associated with sex (male vs. female, p=0.003), smoking status (smoker vs. never smoker) and age (age>64.5 vs. age <64. 5 vs. 64.5) Are preoperative C-reactive protein levels associated with tumor size and lymphovascular invasion in resected non-small cell lung cancer?### Assistant: Our results indicate that lymphovascular invasion and pathologic tumor size are associated with preoperative serum CRP level, which may be considered a prognostic factor in patients with NSCLC. This additional information might serve as a basis to explain poor prognosis in patients with preoperative serum CRP elevation.

Lymphovascular invasion and pathologic tumor size are associated with preoperative serum CRP level, which may be considered a prognostic

Do chlorhexidine varnishes effectively inhibit Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans - an in vivo study?

Chlorhexidine varnish (Cervitec- Ivoclar Vivadent- Liechtenstein) is a sustained-release delivery system . It can provide protection against white spots and gingivitis, which are common iatrogenic side effects of orthodontic treatment . Chlor hexidine in varnished form does not depend on patient compliance, does not stain teeth or alter taste sensation like the mouth rinse . Chorhexidine in . varnichlhexidine does not . depend on . patient compliance .

Chlorhexidine varnishes are capable of reducing S. mutans and P. gingivalis and gingivitis, thus improving the overall oral health of the patient. The side effects of chlorhexidine mouth rinses are not seen with this varnish. An application schedule of at least once a month is recommended as the effectiveness is reduced comparatively at the end of 3 months.

yes

### Human: Chlorhexidine varnish (Cervitec- Ivoclar Vivadent- Liechtenstein) is a sustained-release delivery system . It can provide protection against white spots and gingivitis, which are common iatrogenic side effects of orthodontic treatment . Chlor hexidine in varnished form does not depend on patient compliance, does not stain teeth or alter taste sensation like the mouth rinse . Chorhexidine in . varnichlhexidine does not . depend on . patient compliance . Do chlorhexidine varnishes effectively inhibit Porphyromonas gingivalis and Streptococcus mutans - an in vivo study?### Assistant: Chlorhexidine varnishes are capable of reducing S. mutans and P. gingivalis and gingivitis, thus improving the overall oral health of the patient. The side effects of chlorhexidine mouth rinses are not seen with this varnish. An application schedule of at least once a month is recommended as the effectiveness is reduced comparatively at the end of 3 months.

The side effects of chlorhexidine mouth rinses are not seen with this varnish . An application schedule of at least once

Are cCR9 AND CCR7 overexpressed in?

CC motif receptors 9 and 7 (CCR9 and CCR7) play a major role in migration of T-cell precursors to the thymus to initiate T thymopoiesis . The role of these receptors in development of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients has not been fully elucidated . CCR9, CCR 7, interleukin-7R mRNA increased, and CXCR4 levels decreased compared with levels in the non-MG thymos .

Enhanced expression of CCR9 and CCR7 may complicate the differentiation of DP thymocytes from the DN stage in MG thymus. Muscle Nerve, 2016.

yes

### Human: CC motif receptors 9 and 7 (CCR9 and CCR7) play a major role in migration of T-cell precursors to the thymus to initiate T thymopoiesis . The role of these receptors in development of myasthenia gravis (MG) patients has not been fully elucidated . CCR9, CCR 7, interleukin-7R mRNA increased, and CXCR4 levels decreased compared with levels in the non-MG thymos . Are cCR9 AND CCR7 overexpressed in?### Assistant: Enhanced expression of CCR9 and CCR7 may complicate the differentiation of DP thymocytes from the DN stage in MG thymus. Muscle Nerve, 2016.

Enhanced expression of CCR9 and CCR7 may complicate the differentiation of DP thymocytes from the DN stage in MG thym

Is periprocedural myocardial infarction associated with an increased risk of long-term cardiac mortality after coronary bifurcation stenting?

Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was defined as peak creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) ≥ 3 times the upper limit of normal after PCI . We compared long-term cardiac mortality between patients with and without PMI . PMI was not an independent prognostic factor of long term cardiac mortality, but was a prognostic indicator of PMI in patients undergoing PCI for bifurcation lesions .

PMI occurs in patients with a higher prevalence of adverse cardiac risks and predicts short-term but not long-term cardiac mortality in patients undergoing bifurcation lesion PCI.

no

### Human: Periprocedural myocardial infarction (PMI) after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) was defined as peak creatine kinase-myocardial band (CK-MB) ≥ 3 times the upper limit of normal after PCI . We compared long-term cardiac mortality between patients with and without PMI . PMI was not an independent prognostic factor of long term cardiac mortality, but was a prognostic indicator of PMI in patients undergoing PCI for bifurcation lesions . Is periprocedural myocardial infarction associated with an increased risk of long-term cardiac mortality after coronary bifurcation stenting?### Assistant: PMI occurs in patients with a higher prevalence of adverse cardiac risks and predicts short-term but not long-term cardiac mortality in patients undergoing bifurcation lesion PCI.

PMI occurs in patients with a higher prevalence of adverse cardiac risks . PMI predicts short-term but not long-term cardiac mortality

Does electrical neuroimaging evidence that spatial frequency-based selective attention affect V1 activity as early as 40-60 ms in humans?

Intermodal attention modulates visual processing at the latency of the early phase of the C1 response (62-72 ms) thought to be generated in the primary visual cortex . However, the timing of attentional modulation of visual cortex during object-based attention remains a controversial issue . In this study, EEG recording and LORETA source reconstruction were performed . Participants were instructed to pay conjoined attention to a given stimulus quadrant and spatial frequency . The C1 and P1 sensory-evoked components of ERPs were quantified by measuring their mean amplitudes across time .

Early attention effects were found in the form of an enhanced C1 response (40-80 ms) to frequency-relevant gratings. LORETA, within its spatial resolution limits, identified the neural generators of this effect in the striate cortex (BA17), among other areas.

yes

### Human: Intermodal attention modulates visual processing at the latency of the early phase of the C1 response (62-72 ms) thought to be generated in the primary visual cortex . However, the timing of attentional modulation of visual cortex during object-based attention remains a controversial issue . In this study, EEG recording and LORETA source reconstruction were performed . Participants were instructed to pay conjoined attention to a given stimulus quadrant and spatial frequency . The C1 and P1 sensory-evoked components of ERPs were quantified by measuring their mean amplitudes across time . Does electrical neuroimaging evidence that spatial frequency-based selective attention affect V1 activity as early as 40-60 ms in humans?### Assistant: Early attention effects were found in the form of an enhanced C1 response (40-80 ms) to frequency-relevant gratings. LORETA, within its spatial resolution limits, identified the neural generators of this effect in the striate cortex (BA17), among other areas.

Early attention effects were found in the form of an enhanced C1 response (40-80 ms) to frequency-relevant gratings .

Does extracellular ATP augment mesangial cell growth induced by multiple growth factors?

ATP (1-100 microM) exerted a powerful synergistic effect on DNA synthesis of MCs when used simultaneously with various mitogens . ATP significantly augments MC growth induced by EGF, bFGF, PDGF-BB, ET-1, AVP, Thr, 5-HT, and IL-1 beta . ATP caused activation of PI-PLC, but did not synergize with any of the tested growth factors in this respect . ATP-induced PI-pLC activation was inhibited by preincubation with pertussis toxin .

Extracellular ATP synergistically augments MC growth induced by multiple growth factors. While the ATP-induced mitogenic signal is presently unclear, our observations support the concept that ATP may play a role during the course of glomerulonephritis when multiple growth factors are released from glomerular and inflammatory cells.

yes

### Human: ATP (1-100 microM) exerted a powerful synergistic effect on DNA synthesis of MCs when used simultaneously with various mitogens . ATP significantly augments MC growth induced by EGF, bFGF, PDGF-BB, ET-1, AVP, Thr, 5-HT, and IL-1 beta . ATP caused activation of PI-PLC, but did not synergize with any of the tested growth factors in this respect . ATP-induced PI-pLC activation was inhibited by preincubation with pertussis toxin . Does extracellular ATP augment mesangial cell growth induced by multiple growth factors?### Assistant: Extracellular ATP synergistically augments MC growth induced by multiple growth factors. While the ATP-induced mitogenic signal is presently unclear, our observations support the concept that ATP may play a role during the course of glomerulonephritis when multiple growth factors are released from glomerular and inflammatory cells.

ATP may play a role during the course of glomerulonephritis when multiple growth factors are released from glomerular and inflammatory

Do cellular Senescence Markers p16INK4a and p21CIP1/WAF Are Predictors of Hodgkin Lymphoma Outcome?

There is evidence that Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) could display some molecular and morphologic markers of cellular senescence (CS) We hypothesized that CS mechanisms may have potential prognostic relevance in cHL . We investigated whether expression of the well-established CS biomarkers p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p16(INK4a by HRS cells might be predictive of the probability of event-free survival (EFS)

These findings point to (i) the relevance of CS-related mechanisms in cHL, and to (ii) the prognostic value of a simple, reproducible, and low-cost immunohistochemical evaluation of p16(INK4a) and p21(CIP1/WAF1) expression.

yes

### Human: There is evidence that Hodgkin Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells in classical Hodgkin lymphoma (cHL) could display some molecular and morphologic markers of cellular senescence (CS) We hypothesized that CS mechanisms may have potential prognostic relevance in cHL . We investigated whether expression of the well-established CS biomarkers p21(CIP1/WAF1) and p16(INK4a by HRS cells might be predictive of the probability of event-free survival (EFS) Do cellular Senescence Markers p16INK4a and p21CIP1/WAF Are Predictors of Hodgkin Lymphoma Outcome?### Assistant: These findings point to (i) the relevance of CS-related mechanisms in cHL, and to (ii) the prognostic value of a simple, reproducible, and low-cost immunohistochemical evaluation of p16(INK4a) and p21(CIP1/WAF1) expression.

These findings point to the relevance of CS-related mechanisms in cHL, and to the prognostic value of a simple, reproducible

Does myosin II activation promote neurite retraction during the action of Rho and Rho-kinase?

Rho small GTPase regulates myosin II activity through the phosphorylation of the myosins light chain (MLC) by activating Rho-kinase . Several lines of evidence point to an important role of Rho in the action of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and thrombin in provoking neurite retraction in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells . We showed that the expression of constitutively active forms of . Rho .kinase induced neurite . retraction . in NIE-115 cells and MLC phosphorylated in NIH 3T3 cells .

These results indicate that Rho-kinase is involved in the LPA-induced neurite retraction downstream of Rho, and that myosin II activation promotes neurite retraction downstream of Rho and Rho-kinase.

yes

### Human: Rho small GTPase regulates myosin II activity through the phosphorylation of the myosins light chain (MLC) by activating Rho-kinase . Several lines of evidence point to an important role of Rho in the action of lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and thrombin in provoking neurite retraction in N1E-115 neuroblastoma cells . We showed that the expression of constitutively active forms of . Rho .kinase induced neurite . retraction . in NIE-115 cells and MLC phosphorylated in NIH 3T3 cells . Does myosin II activation promote neurite retraction during the action of Rho and Rho-kinase?### Assistant: These results indicate that Rho-kinase is involved in the LPA-induced neurite retraction downstream of Rho, and that myosin II activation promotes neurite retraction downstream of Rho and Rho-kinase.

Rho-kinase is involved in the LPA-induced neurite retraction downstream of Rho . Myosin II activation

Does quantitative assessment of lymph vascular space invasion ( LVSI ) provide important prognostic information in node-negative breast cancer?

Some studies investigating the prognostic value of lymph vascular space invasion (LVSI) have shown an association between LVSI and disease-free survival . Definitive criteria and optimal determination of this parameter remain unclear, however, especially regarding the clinical relevance of LVSI quantification . The optimal cutoff for this parameter was calculated in a test set (N = 120) and tested in a validation set . LVSI TB had higher sensitivity and specificity compared with simple quantitation of the number of the LVSI foci .

The determination of the number of LVSI foci multiplied by the number of tumor cells gives the most reliable quantitative assessment of this parameter, which can provide prognostic information in node-negative BC.

yes

### Human: Some studies investigating the prognostic value of lymph vascular space invasion (LVSI) have shown an association between LVSI and disease-free survival . Definitive criteria and optimal determination of this parameter remain unclear, however, especially regarding the clinical relevance of LVSI quantification . The optimal cutoff for this parameter was calculated in a test set (N = 120) and tested in a validation set . LVSI TB had higher sensitivity and specificity compared with simple quantitation of the number of the LVSI foci . Does quantitative assessment of lymph vascular space invasion ( LVSI ) provide important prognostic information in node-negative breast cancer?### Assistant: The determination of the number of LVSI foci multiplied by the number of tumor cells gives the most reliable quantitative assessment of this parameter, which can provide prognostic information in node-negative BC.

The number of LVSI foci multiplied by the number of tumor cells gives the most reliable quantitative assessment of this parameter . This can provide

Does genetic characterization of type 2a canine parvoviruses from Taiwan reveal the emergence of an Ile324 mutation in VP2?

The characteristic symptom of CPV 2 disease is intestinal hemorrhage with severe bloody diarrhea . The original virus was replaced in the canine population by strains carrying minor antigenic variants (termed 2a, 2b, and 2c) of the VP2 gene . Here, we provide an updated molecular characterization of the CPV2 circulating in Taiwan . The study looked at 28 isolates from 144 dogs with suspected CPV infection from Taiwan from 2008 to 2012 and screened by PCR . The 28 isolate samples were sequenced and a phylogenetic analysis of the gene was performed .

Our VP2 sequence data revealed that both types are currently prevalent CPV 2 field strains circulating in Taiwan, and a unique Ile324 VP2 mutation was found in our Taiwanese CPV 2a isolates and recent Asian isolates. CPV 2c was not observed in this study.

yes

### Human: The characteristic symptom of CPV 2 disease is intestinal hemorrhage with severe bloody diarrhea . The original virus was replaced in the canine population by strains carrying minor antigenic variants (termed 2a, 2b, and 2c) of the VP2 gene . Here, we provide an updated molecular characterization of the CPV2 circulating in Taiwan . The study looked at 28 isolates from 144 dogs with suspected CPV infection from Taiwan from 2008 to 2012 and screened by PCR . The 28 isolate samples were sequenced and a phylogenetic analysis of the gene was performed . Does genetic characterization of type 2a canine parvoviruses from Taiwan reveal the emergence of an Ile324 mutation in VP2?### Assistant: Our VP2 sequence data revealed that both types are currently prevalent CPV 2 field strains circulating in Taiwan, and a unique Ile324 VP2 mutation was found in our Taiwanese CPV 2a isolates and recent Asian isolates. CPV 2c was not observed in this study.

A unique Ile324 VP2 mutation was found in our Taiwanese CPV 2a isolates and recent Asian isolates . CPV

Does transduction of PTEN proteins using the tat domain modulate TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathways and transdifferentiation in subconjunctival fibroblasts?

Study investigated the effects of the tumor suppressor protein PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-mediated signaling pathways and the transdifferentiation of human subconjunctival fibroblasts . The authors used a PTEN fusion protein that contained the transduction domain of the Tat protein from HIV-1 . By Western blot analysis, the . transduced Tat-PTEN . protein was found to modulate TGF-β1 signaling in SCF cells and result in the suppression of Akt phosphorylation .

The Tat-PTEN fusion proteins were successfully transduced into the SCF cells and induced the suppression of transdifferentiation and fibrosis through the regulation of TGF-β-mediated signaling. The ability of the Tat-PTEN fusion protein to regulate cell survival could potentially be applied to protein therapy to counteract postoperative scarring in glaucoma surgery.

yes

### Human: Study investigated the effects of the tumor suppressor protein PTEN (phosphatase and tensin homolog) on transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-mediated signaling pathways and the transdifferentiation of human subconjunctival fibroblasts . The authors used a PTEN fusion protein that contained the transduction domain of the Tat protein from HIV-1 . By Western blot analysis, the . transduced Tat-PTEN . protein was found to modulate TGF-β1 signaling in SCF cells and result in the suppression of Akt phosphorylation . Does transduction of PTEN proteins using the tat domain modulate TGF-β1-mediated signaling pathways and transdifferentiation in subconjunctival fibroblasts?### Assistant: The Tat-PTEN fusion proteins were successfully transduced into the SCF cells and induced the suppression of transdifferentiation and fibrosis through the regulation of TGF-β-mediated signaling. The ability of the Tat-PTEN fusion protein to regulate cell survival could potentially be applied to protein therapy to counteract postoperative scarring in glaucoma surgery.

Tat-PTEN fusion proteins were successfully transduced into SCF cells and induced the suppression of transdifferentiation and fibrosis .

Do clinical factors affecting mortality in elderly burn patients admitted to a burns service?

The purpose of this retrospective study was to provide basic probabilistic predictors of mortality to assist in determining appropriate therapeutic aggression in elderly burns population . 80 patients over the age of 70 years were admitted to the Victorian Adult Burns Service in Melbourne, Australia, over a period of 4 years . Significant differences were found between age, percentage total burn surface area (TBSA%), percentage full thickness surface area . FTSA%, presence of inhalation injury, site of burn, age and number of operations were all significantly related to survival time . The number of co-morbidities and gender were not significant to outcome .

This study indicates that TBSA%, FTSA%, inhalation injury and age are significant predictors of death in the elderly burns population, although only the first three remain significant when patients who receive comfort care measures only are excluded.

yes

### Human: The purpose of this retrospective study was to provide basic probabilistic predictors of mortality to assist in determining appropriate therapeutic aggression in elderly burns population . 80 patients over the age of 70 years were admitted to the Victorian Adult Burns Service in Melbourne, Australia, over a period of 4 years . Significant differences were found between age, percentage total burn surface area (TBSA%), percentage full thickness surface area . FTSA%, presence of inhalation injury, site of burn, age and number of operations were all significantly related to survival time . The number of co-morbidities and gender were not significant to outcome . Do clinical factors affecting mortality in elderly burn patients admitted to a burns service?### Assistant: This study indicates that TBSA%, FTSA%, inhalation injury and age are significant predictors of death in the elderly burns population, although only the first three remain significant when patients who receive comfort care measures only are excluded.

TBSA%, FTSA%, inhalation injury and age are significant predictors of death in the elderly burns population . Only the first three

Do parkinson 's disease and REM sleep behavior disorder result in increased non-motor symptoms?

Rapid eye movement (REM)-sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is often comorbid with Parkinson's disease (PD) RBD was a significant predictor of increased NMS in PD while controlling for dopaminergic therapy and age (p=0.01) The RBD group reported more NMS of depression, fatigue, fatigue and overall sleep . RBD also reported more depression, sleepiness, mood, mood and overall NMS . The study aimed to provide a detailed understanding of the impact of having RBD on multiple non-motor symptoms in patients with PD .

In PD, RBD is associated with more NMS, particularly increased depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, and fatigue. More research is needed to assess whether PD patients with RBD represent a subtype of PD with different disease progression and phenomenological presentation.

yes

### Human: Rapid eye movement (REM)-sleep behavior disorder (RBD) is often comorbid with Parkinson's disease (PD) RBD was a significant predictor of increased NMS in PD while controlling for dopaminergic therapy and age (p=0.01) The RBD group reported more NMS of depression, fatigue, fatigue and overall sleep . RBD also reported more depression, sleepiness, mood, mood and overall NMS . The study aimed to provide a detailed understanding of the impact of having RBD on multiple non-motor symptoms in patients with PD . Do parkinson 's disease and REM sleep behavior disorder result in increased non-motor symptoms?### Assistant: In PD, RBD is associated with more NMS, particularly increased depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, and fatigue. More research is needed to assess whether PD patients with RBD represent a subtype of PD with different disease progression and phenomenological presentation.

In PD, RBD is associated with more NMS, particularly increased depressive symptoms, sleep disturbances, and fatigue .

Are anti-A and anti-B titers in pooled group O platelets comparable to apheresis platelets?

The risk of a high-titer unit is considered low with group O, poststorage, pooled platelet concentrates (PPLTs) Data regarding anti-A and anti-B titers in PPLTs are lacking . The reciprocal of the highest dilution giving macroscopic agglutination was considered the aggluttinin titer . The addition of one non-group O PLT significantly decreased or neutralized the corresponding anti-a-bitter titers .

Anti-A and anti-B titers in group O PPLTs are comparable to those reported in group O SDPs and significantly lower than titers reported in AHTR. A critical direct agglutinin titer of 64 for identifying high-titer units by gel is too low and should be increased to 128 or higher.

yes

### Human: The risk of a high-titer unit is considered low with group O, poststorage, pooled platelet concentrates (PPLTs) Data regarding anti-A and anti-B titers in PPLTs are lacking . The reciprocal of the highest dilution giving macroscopic agglutination was considered the aggluttinin titer . The addition of one non-group O PLT significantly decreased or neutralized the corresponding anti-a-bitter titers . Are anti-A and anti-B titers in pooled group O platelets comparable to apheresis platelets?### Assistant: Anti-A and anti-B titers in group O PPLTs are comparable to those reported in group O SDPs and significantly lower than titers reported in AHTR. A critical direct agglutinin titer of 64 for identifying high-titer units by gel is too low and should be increased to 128 or higher.

Anti-A and anti-B titers in group O PPLTs are comparable to those reported in SDPs and significantly lower

Does inosine exert a broad range of antiinflammatory effects in a murine model of acute lung injury?

Inosine is an endogenous purine recently shown to exert immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory effects . Mice challenged with intratracheal LPS (50 microg) were treated after 1, 6, and 12 hours with inosine (200 mg/kg intraperitoneal) or vehicle . After 24 hours, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained to measure proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]], interleukin [IL]1beta, IL-6), and IL-4) cytokines, chemokines (MIP-1alpha and MIP-2), myeloperoxidase activity and total cell counts .

Inosine largely suppressed LPS-induced lung inflammation in vivo and reduced the toxicity of cytokines in lung cells in vitro. These data support the proposal that inosine might represent a useful adjunct in the therapy of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

yes

### Human: Inosine is an endogenous purine recently shown to exert immunomodulatory and antiinflammatory effects . Mice challenged with intratracheal LPS (50 microg) were treated after 1, 6, and 12 hours with inosine (200 mg/kg intraperitoneal) or vehicle . After 24 hours, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid was obtained to measure proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha]], interleukin [IL]1beta, IL-6), and IL-4) cytokines, chemokines (MIP-1alpha and MIP-2), myeloperoxidase activity and total cell counts . Does inosine exert a broad range of antiinflammatory effects in a murine model of acute lung injury?### Assistant: Inosine largely suppressed LPS-induced lung inflammation in vivo and reduced the toxicity of cytokines in lung cells in vitro. These data support the proposal that inosine might represent a useful adjunct in the therapy of acute respiratory distress syndrome.

Inosine largely suppressed LPS-induced lung inflammation in vivo and reduced the toxicity of cytokines in lung cells in vitro . These

Does baclofen alter the reinforcing , subject-rated or cardiovascular effects of intranasal cocaine in humans?

The gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor subtype (GABA(B) agonist baclofen may have promise as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction . Intranasal cocaine significantly increased the crossover point on the Multiple-Choice Procedure relative to placebo . This cocaine dose functioned as a reinforcer, suggesting that this dose of intranasual cocaine also produced increases in subject-rated effects typical of psychostimulants and elevated cardiovascular measures . Pretreatment with baclfen had no significant effect alone, nor in combination with cocaine, on any outcome .

These data demonstrated that acute administration of three clinically relevant baclofen doses did not influence the acute behavioral effects of intranasal cocaine in humans.

no

### Human: The gamma-aminobutyric acid B receptor subtype (GABA(B) agonist baclofen may have promise as a pharmacotherapy for cocaine addiction . Intranasal cocaine significantly increased the crossover point on the Multiple-Choice Procedure relative to placebo . This cocaine dose functioned as a reinforcer, suggesting that this dose of intranasual cocaine also produced increases in subject-rated effects typical of psychostimulants and elevated cardiovascular measures . Pretreatment with baclfen had no significant effect alone, nor in combination with cocaine, on any outcome . Does baclofen alter the reinforcing , subject-rated or cardiovascular effects of intranasal cocaine in humans?### Assistant: These data demonstrated that acute administration of three clinically relevant baclofen doses did not influence the acute behavioral effects of intranasal cocaine in humans.

These data demonstrated that acute administration of three clinically relevant baclofen doses did not influence the acute behavioral effects of intranasal

Does integrin β1 Gene Therapy enhance in Vitro Creation of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Under Periodic Mechanical Stress?

Integrin β1 overexpression has been demonstrated to play important roles in improving the activities and functions of several non-chondrocytic cell types . We evaluated the effects of integrinβ1 up-regulation on periodic mechanical stress-induced chondrycyte proliferation, matrix synthesis and ERK1/2 phosphorylation . We also evaluated the quality of tissue-engineered cartilage constructed in vitro under periodic mechanical . stress combined with integrin . stress and up-referred to Lv-integrinβ-wild type vector significantly enhanced chondro. proliferation and matrix synthesis .

Our findings collectively suggest that in addition to periodic mechanical stress, integrin β1 up-regulation in chondrocytes could further improve the quality of tissue-engineered cartilage.

yes

### Human: Integrin β1 overexpression has been demonstrated to play important roles in improving the activities and functions of several non-chondrocytic cell types . We evaluated the effects of integrinβ1 up-regulation on periodic mechanical stress-induced chondrycyte proliferation, matrix synthesis and ERK1/2 phosphorylation . We also evaluated the quality of tissue-engineered cartilage constructed in vitro under periodic mechanical . stress combined with integrin . stress and up-referred to Lv-integrinβ-wild type vector significantly enhanced chondro. proliferation and matrix synthesis . Does integrin β1 Gene Therapy enhance in Vitro Creation of Tissue-Engineered Cartilage Under Periodic Mechanical Stress?### Assistant: Our findings collectively suggest that in addition to periodic mechanical stress, integrin β1 up-regulation in chondrocytes could further improve the quality of tissue-engineered cartilage.

Our findings suggest that in addition to periodic mechanical stress, integrin β1 up-regulation in chondrocytes could further improve

Does transcriptome analysis of the spalax hypoxia survival response include suppression of apoptosis and tight control of angiogenesis?

The blind subterranean mole rat Spalax is a hypoxia tolerant rodent, which exhibits unique longevity and therefore has invaluable potential in hypoxyia and cancer research . We found significant overrepresentation of groups of genes involved in cancer, embryonic/sexual development, embryonic development, epidermal growth factor receptor binding, coordinated suppression and suppression suppression and activation of distinct groups of transcription factors and membrane receptors . We also detected hypoxa induced increases of different critical critical Spalx hub gene transcripts, including antiangiogenic genes associated with cancer tolerance in Down syndrome human individuals .

This is the most comprehensive study of Spalax large scale gene expression response to hypoxia to date, and the first to use custom Spalax microarrays. Our work presents novel patterns that may underlie mechanisms with critical importance to the evolution of hypoxia tolerance, with special relevance to medical research.

yes

### Human: The blind subterranean mole rat Spalax is a hypoxia tolerant rodent, which exhibits unique longevity and therefore has invaluable potential in hypoxyia and cancer research . We found significant overrepresentation of groups of genes involved in cancer, embryonic/sexual development, embryonic development, epidermal growth factor receptor binding, coordinated suppression and suppression suppression and activation of distinct groups of transcription factors and membrane receptors . We also detected hypoxa induced increases of different critical critical Spalx hub gene transcripts, including antiangiogenic genes associated with cancer tolerance in Down syndrome human individuals . Does transcriptome analysis of the spalax hypoxia survival response include suppression of apoptosis and tight control of angiogenesis?### Assistant: This is the most comprehensive study of Spalax large scale gene expression response to hypoxia to date, and the first to use custom Spalax microarrays. Our work presents novel patterns that may underlie mechanisms with critical importance to the evolution of hypoxia tolerance, with special relevance to medical research.

This is the most comprehensive study of Spalax large scale gene expression response to hypoxia to date, and the first to use

Are paediatric medulloblastoma cells susceptible to Viscum album ( Mistletoe ) preparations?

Medulloblastoma constitute more than 20% of all paediatric brain tumours . Adjuvant chemotherapy has seen a strong increase in the use of complementary medicine for cancer treatment . Evidence for cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Viscum album (Mistletoe) in vitro is available, however, no data concerning paediatric tumours has been provided so far so far . In vitro, in vitro cytotoxicity of eight Viscrum album extracts on four different paediatric medullobloma cell lines were analysed by MTT-Tests .

These in vitro results show that paediatric medulloblastoma cells respond to Viscum album preparations, by undergoing cell death through apoptosis and that this growth-inhibition correlates with the lectin content of the used preparation.

yes

### Human: Medulloblastoma constitute more than 20% of all paediatric brain tumours . Adjuvant chemotherapy has seen a strong increase in the use of complementary medicine for cancer treatment . Evidence for cytotoxic and apoptotic effects of Viscum album (Mistletoe) in vitro is available, however, no data concerning paediatric tumours has been provided so far so far . In vitro, in vitro cytotoxicity of eight Viscrum album extracts on four different paediatric medullobloma cell lines were analysed by MTT-Tests . Are paediatric medulloblastoma cells susceptible to Viscum album ( Mistletoe ) preparations?### Assistant: These in vitro results show that paediatric medulloblastoma cells respond to Viscum album preparations, by undergoing cell death through apoptosis and that this growth-inhibition correlates with the lectin content of the used preparation.

In vitro results show that paediatric medulloblastoma cells respond to Viscum album preparations, by undergoing cell death through apopt

Does aloe vera Extract suppress Proliferation of Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro?

Aloe vera (AV) is a pontial anticancer reagent . We investigated the anti-proliferative effects of an AV protein extract . Treatment decreased the number of viable, AV-treated IMR-32 cells significantly decreased 1.98-fold by day 2 and 1.33-fold in culture relative to untreated controls (p<0.05) Treatment decreased number of Ki-67(+) IMR/32 cells by 13% by day 5 of culture .

AV-protein extract suppresses human IMR-32 neuroblastoma cell proliferation, possibly by suppressing CCND2 transcript levels in vitro.

yes

### Human: Aloe vera (AV) is a pontial anticancer reagent . We investigated the anti-proliferative effects of an AV protein extract . Treatment decreased the number of viable, AV-treated IMR-32 cells significantly decreased 1.98-fold by day 2 and 1.33-fold in culture relative to untreated controls (p<0.05) Treatment decreased number of Ki-67(+) IMR/32 cells by 13% by day 5 of culture . Does aloe vera Extract suppress Proliferation of Neuroblastoma Cells In Vitro?### Assistant: AV-protein extract suppresses human IMR-32 neuroblastoma cell proliferation, possibly by suppressing CCND2 transcript levels in vitro.

AV-protein extract suppresses human IMR-32 neuroblastoma cell proliferation, possibly by suppressing CCND2 transcript levels in vitro

Is high-risk human papillomavirus associated with HIV acquisition among South African female sex workers?

Evidence suggests an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and HIV acquisition . This study aimed to explore this association among South African female sex workers . We used data from 88 HIV-negative FSWs who participated in a vaginal gel (COL-1492) trial . Twenty-five women HIV seroconverted. Twenty-six women HIV-seroconverted . Controlling for background characteristics and other sexually transmitted infections, HIV aHR increased by a factor of 1.7 (95% CI:1.01-2.7, P(linear trend) = 0.045)

HIV seroconversion among FSWs is associated with genital HR-HPV infection. Further investigation is warranted, including testing the possible protective effect of available HPV vaccines on HIV acquisition.

yes

### Human: Evidence suggests an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and HIV acquisition . This study aimed to explore this association among South African female sex workers . We used data from 88 HIV-negative FSWs who participated in a vaginal gel (COL-1492) trial . Twenty-five women HIV seroconverted. Twenty-six women HIV-seroconverted . Controlling for background characteristics and other sexually transmitted infections, HIV aHR increased by a factor of 1.7 (95% CI:1.01-2.7, P(linear trend) = 0.045) Is high-risk human papillomavirus associated with HIV acquisition among South African female sex workers?### Assistant: HIV seroconversion among FSWs is associated with genital HR-HPV infection. Further investigation is warranted, including testing the possible protective effect of available HPV vaccines on HIV acquisition.

HIV seroconversion among FSWs is associated with genital HR-HPV infection . Further investigation is warranted, including testing the possible

Does gla-rich protein act as a calcification inhibitor in the human cardiovascular system?

Study of role of vitamin K-dependent Gla-rich protein (GRP) in vascular and valvular calcification processes . GRP expression and accumulation are upregulated with calcification simultaneously with osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein . Undercarboxylated GRP was predominant in calcified aortic valve disease val vular interstitial cells . Using an ex-vital model of vascular calcification, GRP but not undercarboxyated GRp inhibit calcification and osteochondrogenic differentiation through α-smooth muscle actin upregulation and osteopontin downregulation .

GRP is an inhibitor of vascular and valvular calcification involved in calcium homeostasis. Its function might be associated with prevention of calcium-induced signaling pathways and direct mineral binding to inhibit crystal formation/maturation. Our data show that GRP is a new player in mineralization competence of extracellular vesicles possibly associated with the fetuin-A-MGP calcification inhibitory system. GRP activity was found to be dependent on its γ-carboxylation status, with potential clinical relevance.

yes

### Human: Study of role of vitamin K-dependent Gla-rich protein (GRP) in vascular and valvular calcification processes . GRP expression and accumulation are upregulated with calcification simultaneously with osteocalcin and matrix Gla protein . Undercarboxylated GRP was predominant in calcified aortic valve disease val vular interstitial cells . Using an ex-vital model of vascular calcification, GRP but not undercarboxyated GRp inhibit calcification and osteochondrogenic differentiation through α-smooth muscle actin upregulation and osteopontin downregulation . Does gla-rich protein act as a calcification inhibitor in the human cardiovascular system?### Assistant: GRP is an inhibitor of vascular and valvular calcification involved in calcium homeostasis. Its function might be associated with prevention of calcium-induced signaling pathways and direct mineral binding to inhibit crystal formation/maturation. Our data show that GRP is a new player in mineralization competence of extracellular vesicles possibly associated with the fetuin-A-MGP calcification inhibitory system. GRP activity was found to be dependent on its γ-carboxylation status, with potential clinical relevance.

GRP is an inhibitor of vascular and valvular calcification involved in calcium homeostasis . Its function might be associated with prevention

Does aerobic interval training improve oxygen uptake efficiency by enhancing cerebral and muscular hemodynamics in patients with heart failure?

AIT, but not MCT, boosted cardiac output (CO) and increased cardiac output during exercise . AIT reduced plasma brain natriuretic peptide, myeloperoxidase, and interleukin-6 levels and increased the Short Form-36 physical/mental component scores and decreased the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire score . The study investigates how interval and continuous exercise regimens influence functional capacity by modulating ventilatory efficiency and hemodynamic function in HF patients .

AIT effectively improves oxygen uptake efficiency by enhancing cerebral/muscular hemodynamics and suppresses oxidative stress/inflammation associated with cardiac dysfunction, and also promotes generic/disease-specific qualities of life in patients with HF.

yes

### Human: AIT, but not MCT, boosted cardiac output (CO) and increased cardiac output during exercise . AIT reduced plasma brain natriuretic peptide, myeloperoxidase, and interleukin-6 levels and increased the Short Form-36 physical/mental component scores and decreased the Minnesota Living with Heart Failure questionnaire score . The study investigates how interval and continuous exercise regimens influence functional capacity by modulating ventilatory efficiency and hemodynamic function in HF patients . Does aerobic interval training improve oxygen uptake efficiency by enhancing cerebral and muscular hemodynamics in patients with heart failure?### Assistant: AIT effectively improves oxygen uptake efficiency by enhancing cerebral/muscular hemodynamics and suppresses oxidative stress/inflammation associated with cardiac dysfunction, and also promotes generic/disease-specific qualities of life in patients with HF.

AIT effectively improves oxygen uptake efficiency by enhancing cerebral/muscular hemodynamics and suppresses oxidative stress/inflammation associated with cardiac dysfunction

Does upper extremity palsy following cervical decompression surgery result from a transient spinal cord lesion?

Postoperative paresis, so-called C5 palsy, of the upper extremities is a common complication of cervical surgery . We hypothesized that the palsy is caused by spinal cord damage following the surgical decompression performed for chronic compressive cervical disorders . Age, decompression area (anterior procedure), and diagnosis (ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament) are the highest risk factors of palsy . There was no difference in the incidence of palship among the procedures performed .

The results of the present study support our hypothesis that the etiology of the palsy is a transient disturbance of the spinal cord following a decompression procedure. It appears to be caused by reperfusion after decompression of a chronic compressive lesion of the cervical cord. We recommend that physicians inform patients and surgeons of the potential risk of a spinal cord deficit after cervical decompression surgery.

yes

### Human: Postoperative paresis, so-called C5 palsy, of the upper extremities is a common complication of cervical surgery . We hypothesized that the palsy is caused by spinal cord damage following the surgical decompression performed for chronic compressive cervical disorders . Age, decompression area (anterior procedure), and diagnosis (ossification of the posterior longitudinal ligament) are the highest risk factors of palsy . There was no difference in the incidence of palship among the procedures performed . Does upper extremity palsy following cervical decompression surgery result from a transient spinal cord lesion?### Assistant: The results of the present study support our hypothesis that the etiology of the palsy is a transient disturbance of the spinal cord following a decompression procedure. It appears to be caused by reperfusion after decompression of a chronic compressive lesion of the cervical cord. We recommend that physicians inform patients and surgeons of the potential risk of a spinal cord deficit after cervical decompression surgery.

The etiology of the palsy is a transient disturbance of the spinal cord following a decompression procedure . It appears to be caused by

Is optimal debulking surgery followed by paclitaxel/platinum chemotherapy very effective in treating ovarian carcinosarcomas : a single center experience?

Median survival was significantly longer in patients <60 years of age than in those with early-stage compared to advanced tumors (p = 0.001) and those with optimally debulked tumors . Those treated with paclitaxel/platinum compared to patients treated with other chemotherapies (p < 0.049) Multivariate analysis showed that advanced-stage, non-optimal debulking and non-paclitaxed chemotherapy were significant independent predictors of a shorter progression-free interval .

Early-stage optimal debulking and adequate chemotherapy can influence time to progression and survival, indicating that the most effective treatment for patients with ovarian carcinosarcomas consists of optimal debulking surgery followed by paclitaxel/platinum chemotherapy.

yes

### Human: Median survival was significantly longer in patients <60 years of age than in those with early-stage compared to advanced tumors (p = 0.001) and those with optimally debulked tumors . Those treated with paclitaxel/platinum compared to patients treated with other chemotherapies (p < 0.049) Multivariate analysis showed that advanced-stage, non-optimal debulking and non-paclitaxed chemotherapy were significant independent predictors of a shorter progression-free interval . Is optimal debulking surgery followed by paclitaxel/platinum chemotherapy very effective in treating ovarian carcinosarcomas : a single center experience?### Assistant: Early-stage optimal debulking and adequate chemotherapy can influence time to progression and survival, indicating that the most effective treatment for patients with ovarian carcinosarcomas consists of optimal debulking surgery followed by paclitaxel/platinum chemotherapy.

Most effective treatment for patients with ovarian carcinosarcomas consists of optimal debulking surgery followed by paclitaxel/pl

Does ratio of cathepsin B to stefin A identify heterogeneity within Gleason histologic scores for human prostate cancer?

Cathepsin B (CB), a lysosomal cysteine protease, is involved in degradation of extracellular matrix proteins and progression of tumor cells . Our objective was to identify patterns of distribution of CB and its endogenous cellular inhibitor stefin A in cryostat sections of frozen BPH and prostate cancer tissue samples . We found considerable variability in individual localization of CB within and between Gleason histologic scores for prostate cancers . This variability was also found in Gleason score 6 tumors that are otherwise considered similar histologically and morphologically .

We have shown that prostate cancer is a heterogeneous tumor within each Gleason histological score regardless of the progression indicated by lower to higher Gleason score tumors. The ratio of CB > stefin A would indicate a preponderance of enzyme that would favor degradation of extracellular matrix proteins and progression of tumor cells in biological compartments. These tumors are expected to be aggressive prostate cancers. In contrast, prostate tumors showing ratios of CB < stefin A and CB = stefin A are expected to be less aggressive prostate cancers. This is the first report to define heterogeneity within any Gleason score for prostate cancers by the ratios of CB to stefin A.

yes

### Human: Cathepsin B (CB), a lysosomal cysteine protease, is involved in degradation of extracellular matrix proteins and progression of tumor cells . Our objective was to identify patterns of distribution of CB and its endogenous cellular inhibitor stefin A in cryostat sections of frozen BPH and prostate cancer tissue samples . We found considerable variability in individual localization of CB within and between Gleason histologic scores for prostate cancers . This variability was also found in Gleason score 6 tumors that are otherwise considered similar histologically and morphologically . Does ratio of cathepsin B to stefin A identify heterogeneity within Gleason histologic scores for human prostate cancer?### Assistant: We have shown that prostate cancer is a heterogeneous tumor within each Gleason histological score regardless of the progression indicated by lower to higher Gleason score tumors. The ratio of CB > stefin A would indicate a preponderance of enzyme that would favor degradation of extracellular matrix proteins and progression of tumor cells in biological compartments. These tumors are expected to be aggressive prostate cancers. In contrast, prostate tumors showing ratios of CB < stefin A and CB = stefin A are expected to be less aggressive prostate cancers. This is the first report to define heterogeneity within any Gleason score for prostate cancers by the ratios of CB to stefin A.

Prostate cancer is a heterogeneous tumor within each Gleason histological score regardless of the progression indicated by lower to higher Gleason score

Do vascular and parenchymal lesions along with enhanced neurogenesis characterize the brain of asymptomatic stroke-prone spontaneous hypertensive rats?

Spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSPs) develop hypertension, cerebrovascular abnormalities and a stroke phenotype . Here, we focus on cerebral abnormalities preceding lesions detectable by MRI . Staining for proliferation markers revealed a significant boost of cellular mitosis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of SHRSPS . No comparative alterations and SVZ activation were recorded in WKYs. High expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein were maintained in the SVZ .

Appearance of vascular changes in SHRSPs, before any MRI-detectable brain lesion, is coupled to active neural proliferation in the SVZ. With disease progression, only newborn astrocytes can survive, likely because of the neurotoxicity triggered by brain oedema and oxidative stress.

yes

### Human: Spontaneously hypertensive stroke-prone rats (SHRSPs) develop hypertension, cerebrovascular abnormalities and a stroke phenotype . Here, we focus on cerebral abnormalities preceding lesions detectable by MRI . Staining for proliferation markers revealed a significant boost of cellular mitosis in the subventricular zone (SVZ) of SHRSPS . No comparative alterations and SVZ activation were recorded in WKYs. High expression levels of glial fibrillary acidic protein were maintained in the SVZ . Do vascular and parenchymal lesions along with enhanced neurogenesis characterize the brain of asymptomatic stroke-prone spontaneous hypertensive rats?### Assistant: Appearance of vascular changes in SHRSPs, before any MRI-detectable brain lesion, is coupled to active neural proliferation in the SVZ. With disease progression, only newborn astrocytes can survive, likely because of the neurotoxicity triggered by brain oedema and oxidative stress.

Appearance of vascular changes in SHRSPs, before any MRI-detectable brain lesion, is coupled to active neural proliferation

Does f-EVAR Impair Renal Function more than Open Surgery for Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysms : Single Centre Results?

Between April 1999 and July 2014, of 926 patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm, 69 were juxtarenal, where 34 had an elective OSR and 35 had F-EVAR . A post-operative rise of baseline creatinine by >50% and/or deterioration of estimated glomerular filtration rate by 25% were defined as renal failure . The technical success (OSR versus F-evAR) was 100% versus 94.3% .

This retrospective analysis demonstrates that OSR might be combined with more acute post-operative renal impairment than F-EVAR for JAA, but with similar intermediate term procedure related mortality and renal outcomes.

no

### Human: Between April 1999 and July 2014, of 926 patients with an abdominal aortic aneurysm, 69 were juxtarenal, where 34 had an elective OSR and 35 had F-EVAR . A post-operative rise of baseline creatinine by >50% and/or deterioration of estimated glomerular filtration rate by 25% were defined as renal failure . The technical success (OSR versus F-evAR) was 100% versus 94.3% . Does f-EVAR Impair Renal Function more than Open Surgery for Juxtarenal Aortic Aneurysms : Single Centre Results?### Assistant: This retrospective analysis demonstrates that OSR might be combined with more acute post-operative renal impairment than F-EVAR for JAA, but with similar intermediate term procedure related mortality and renal outcomes.

OSR might be combined with more acute post-operative renal impairment than F-EVAR for JAA, but with similar intermediate term

Is siglec-1 on monocytes a potential risk marker for monitoring disease severity in coronary artery disease?

Siglec-1 has long been considered as an important biomarker of the activation of monocyte/macrophage and type I interferon-specific imprint . Its role in atherosclerosis has not been elucidated . We examined the expression of the protein protein in 83 CAD patients and 38 healthy controls . The increased SigleC-1 had no correlation with the level of native serum lipids, Gensini score, hs-CRP and homocysteine levels .

Siglec-1 may be considered as a potential non-invasive indicator for monitoring disease severity and a biomarker for predicting the relative risk of cardiovascular events.

yes

### Human: Siglec-1 has long been considered as an important biomarker of the activation of monocyte/macrophage and type I interferon-specific imprint . Its role in atherosclerosis has not been elucidated . We examined the expression of the protein protein in 83 CAD patients and 38 healthy controls . The increased SigleC-1 had no correlation with the level of native serum lipids, Gensini score, hs-CRP and homocysteine levels . Is siglec-1 on monocytes a potential risk marker for monitoring disease severity in coronary artery disease?### Assistant: Siglec-1 may be considered as a potential non-invasive indicator for monitoring disease severity and a biomarker for predicting the relative risk of cardiovascular events.

Siglec-1 may be considered as a potential non-invasive indicator for monitoring disease severity and a biomarker for predicting the

Does oK-432 ( Sapylin ) reduce Seroma Formation After Axillary Lymphadenectomy in Breast Cancer?

Seroma formation regarded as the most frequent postoperative complication limits the therapeutic benefit of mastectomy and axillary surgery . OK-432 could reduce the incidence of seroma formation (p < .01) and the volume of seromas (p = .040) There were also significant differences in reducing the chance of evacuative punctures and the healing time (p > .01), according to the study . The study included 80 patients with advanced breast cancer who underwent modified radical mastectomy .

OK-432 not only shortened the suction drainage duration, but also significantly reduced seroma formation as well as the needs for aspiration punctures after modified radical mastectomy.

yes

### Human: Seroma formation regarded as the most frequent postoperative complication limits the therapeutic benefit of mastectomy and axillary surgery . OK-432 could reduce the incidence of seroma formation (p < .01) and the volume of seromas (p = .040) There were also significant differences in reducing the chance of evacuative punctures and the healing time (p > .01), according to the study . The study included 80 patients with advanced breast cancer who underwent modified radical mastectomy . Does oK-432 ( Sapylin ) reduce Seroma Formation After Axillary Lymphadenectomy in Breast Cancer?### Assistant: OK-432 not only shortened the suction drainage duration, but also significantly reduced seroma formation as well as the needs for aspiration punctures after modified radical mastectomy.

OK-432 significantly reduced seroma formation as well as the needs for aspiration punctures after modified radical mastectomy .

Does intracorneal instillation of latex beads induce macrophage-dependent protection against Acanthamoeba keratitis?

Chinese hamsters resistant to Acanthamoeba castellanii infection with Acanthamaeba . Study was undertaken to examine the mechanisms that mediate latex bead-induced resistance to the disease . Neutrophil depletion did not abrogate the latex beads' protective effect . In vitro experiments examined the effect of latex bead treatment on the capacity of trophozoites to adhere to and kill corneal epithelial cells in vitro . In vivo administration of antineutrophils was used to evaluate the role of neutrophils in latex-bead-induced protection .

The results indicate that intracorneal injection of latex beads induces a remarkable resistance to Acanthamoeba keratitis that is largely, if not entirely, mediated by macrophages. These results underscore the importance of the innate immune apparatus in the resistance to Acanthamoeba keratitis.

yes

### Human: Chinese hamsters resistant to Acanthamoeba castellanii infection with Acanthamaeba . Study was undertaken to examine the mechanisms that mediate latex bead-induced resistance to the disease . Neutrophil depletion did not abrogate the latex beads' protective effect . In vitro experiments examined the effect of latex bead treatment on the capacity of trophozoites to adhere to and kill corneal epithelial cells in vitro . In vivo administration of antineutrophils was used to evaluate the role of neutrophils in latex-bead-induced protection . Does intracorneal instillation of latex beads induce macrophage-dependent protection against Acanthamoeba keratitis?### Assistant: The results indicate that intracorneal injection of latex beads induces a remarkable resistance to Acanthamoeba keratitis that is largely, if not entirely, mediated by macrophages. These results underscore the importance of the innate immune apparatus in the resistance to Acanthamoeba keratitis.

Intacorneal injection of latex beads induces resistance to Acanthamoeba keratitis that is largely, if not entirely,

Do luminal CD4⁺ T cells penetrate gut epithelial monolayers and egress from lamina propria to blood circulation?

The egress of memory T cells from peripheral tissues requires expression of CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) In the intestine, resident memory T . cells in the intestinal lamina propria (LP) do not express CCR7, indicating that they are tissue bound and do not exit the intestine . We developed a cell transfer system, using rectal administration of lymphocytes to C57BL/6 mice . Lymphotoxin α-deficient mice were crossed with RAG-2(-/-) mice to generate lymphotoxin .

CD4(+) T cells not only penetrate from the luminal side of the intestine to the LP but also actively egress from the LP into the circulation. We developed a rectal administration system that might be used to further investigate cell trafficking in intestinal mucosa and to develop enema-based therapeutics for intestinal diseases.

yes

### Human: The egress of memory T cells from peripheral tissues requires expression of CC chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) In the intestine, resident memory T . cells in the intestinal lamina propria (LP) do not express CCR7, indicating that they are tissue bound and do not exit the intestine . We developed a cell transfer system, using rectal administration of lymphocytes to C57BL/6 mice . Lymphotoxin α-deficient mice were crossed with RAG-2(-/-) mice to generate lymphotoxin . Do luminal CD4⁺ T cells penetrate gut epithelial monolayers and egress from lamina propria to blood circulation?### Assistant: CD4(+) T cells not only penetrate from the luminal side of the intestine to the LP but also actively egress from the LP into the circulation. We developed a rectal administration system that might be used to further investigate cell trafficking in intestinal mucosa and to develop enema-based therapeutics for intestinal diseases.

CD4(+) T cells not only penetrate from the luminal side of the intestine to the LP but also actively egress from the

Are aging and hypertension independent risk factors for reduced number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells?

The number of circulating EPCs might reflect the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) In healthy subjects a reduced number of EPC was found in smokers compared with nonsmokers . In multivariate analysis, hypertension and age were independent predictors of reduced EPC's number . Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors increased the number of . EPCS inhibitors . calcium antagonists, diuretics, and beta-blockers did not alter the number . of E.PCs in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were less .

These findings suggest that both aging and hypertension are risk factors for reduced number of EPCs and that RAS inhibitors increase the number of EPCs.

yes

### Human: The number of circulating EPCs might reflect the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis and progression of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) In healthy subjects a reduced number of EPC was found in smokers compared with nonsmokers . In multivariate analysis, hypertension and age were independent predictors of reduced EPC's number . Renin-angiotensin system (RAS) inhibitors increased the number of . EPCS inhibitors . calcium antagonists, diuretics, and beta-blockers did not alter the number . of E.PCs in patients with hypertension and diabetes mellitus were less . Are aging and hypertension independent risk factors for reduced number of circulating endothelial progenitor cells?### Assistant: These findings suggest that both aging and hypertension are risk factors for reduced number of EPCs and that RAS inhibitors increase the number of EPCs.

Aging and hypertension are risk factors for reduced number of EPCs . RAS inhibitors increase the number of the EPC's .

Is combined inhibition of PI3K and PARP effective in the treatment of ovarian cancer cells with wild-type PIK3CA genes?

PI3K inhibitor BKM120 and PARP inhibitor Olaparib were used to block growth of three wild-type PIK3CA ovarian cancer cell lines and explants of a primary ovarian tumor specimen . The combination inhibitors effectively blocked the growth of Pik3CA cell lines . Mechanistically, dual blockade of PI3k/AKT/mTOR signaling in these ovarian cancer cells resulted in substantially attenuated PI3 k/AKt/mTor signaling, impaired DNA damage response and deficient homologous recombination repair, with remarkable BRCA downregulation .

The combined use of PI3K inhibitor BKM120 and PARP inhibitor Olaparib may be effective in ovarian cancers with a broader spectrum of cancer-associated genetic alterations but not limited to those with mutant PIK3CA or BRCA genes. BRCA downregulation may be a potential biomarker for the effective response to the proposed combination treatment.

yes

### Human: PI3K inhibitor BKM120 and PARP inhibitor Olaparib were used to block growth of three wild-type PIK3CA ovarian cancer cell lines and explants of a primary ovarian tumor specimen . The combination inhibitors effectively blocked the growth of Pik3CA cell lines . Mechanistically, dual blockade of PI3k/AKT/mTOR signaling in these ovarian cancer cells resulted in substantially attenuated PI3 k/AKt/mTor signaling, impaired DNA damage response and deficient homologous recombination repair, with remarkable BRCA downregulation . Is combined inhibition of PI3K and PARP effective in the treatment of ovarian cancer cells with wild-type PIK3CA genes?### Assistant: The combined use of PI3K inhibitor BKM120 and PARP inhibitor Olaparib may be effective in ovarian cancers with a broader spectrum of cancer-associated genetic alterations but not limited to those with mutant PIK3CA or BRCA genes. BRCA downregulation may be a potential biomarker for the effective response to the proposed combination treatment.

PI3K inhibitor BKM120 and PARP inhibitor Olaparib may be effective in ovarian cancers with a broader spectrum of

Does influence of Conjunctival fold on Calculated Tear Meniscus Volume Along the Lower Eyelid?

Tear meniscus height (TMH), radius (TMR) and cross-sectional area (TMA) are usually measured at the center of the lower lid margin, but lid-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOFs) are known to influence the tear meniscis regularity . The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of LIPCOF on TMA measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and consequently, the calculated tear . TMV for the different locations was calculated .

Using OCT it was possible to investigate the influence of LIPCOFs on TMH, TMR, and for the first time on TMA, at central and paracentral positions along the lower lid margin. The presence of LICPOF results in an irregularity of tear meniscus with a difference in the amount of predicted tear volume while measuring TMH or TMR at the different locations.

yes

### Human: Tear meniscus height (TMH), radius (TMR) and cross-sectional area (TMA) are usually measured at the center of the lower lid margin, but lid-parallel conjunctival folds (LIPCOFs) are known to influence the tear meniscis regularity . The aim of this study was to analyze the influence of LIPCOF on TMA measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT) and consequently, the calculated tear . TMV for the different locations was calculated . Does influence of Conjunctival fold on Calculated Tear Meniscus Volume Along the Lower Eyelid?### Assistant: Using OCT it was possible to investigate the influence of LIPCOFs on TMH, TMR, and for the first time on TMA, at central and paracentral positions along the lower lid margin. The presence of LICPOF results in an irregularity of tear meniscus with a difference in the amount of predicted tear volume while measuring TMH or TMR at the different locations.

Using OCT it was possible to investigate the influence of LIPCOFs on TMH, TMR, and for the first time on

Does prevalence and correlate of zinc deficiency in pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City?

This study explores the prevalence of zinc deficiency in pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam . The daily intake of a milk product supplement was the only significant correlate of zinc deficient of the items investigated . The mean age of participants was 29 years, and mean gestational age was 10 weeks . The median zinc concentration in serum was 13.6 μmol/L, and the prevalence was 29% (95% CI=21%-39%) The daily consumption of milk product supplements was the most significant correlate .

This is the first study reporting that more than 25% of pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City are zinc deficient. Further academic and clinical input is needed to confirm the scale of this neglected issue and to investigate the potential of milk product supplementation in this population.

yes

### Human: This study explores the prevalence of zinc deficiency in pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam . The daily intake of a milk product supplement was the only significant correlate of zinc deficient of the items investigated . The mean age of participants was 29 years, and mean gestational age was 10 weeks . The median zinc concentration in serum was 13.6 μmol/L, and the prevalence was 29% (95% CI=21%-39%) The daily consumption of milk product supplements was the most significant correlate . Does prevalence and correlate of zinc deficiency in pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City?### Assistant: This is the first study reporting that more than 25% of pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City are zinc deficient. Further academic and clinical input is needed to confirm the scale of this neglected issue and to investigate the potential of milk product supplementation in this population.

More than 25% of pregnant Vietnamese women in Ho Chi Minh City are zinc deficient . This is the first study reporting that more than

Does the endoplasmic reticulum stress-C/EBP homologous protein pathway-mediated apoptosis in macrophages contribute to the instability of atherosclerotic plaques?

The role of CHOP in the final stage of atherosclerosis has not been fully elucidated . CHOP is involved in the formation of atherophage-derived foam cell death in coronary atherosclerotic plaques . We showed that expression of CHop in macrophages significantly contributes to the formation of ruptures . We also showed that unesterified free cholesterol derived from incorporated denatured low-density lipoprotein was accumulated in the ER and induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis in a CHOP-related manner .

The ER stress-CHOP-Bax-mediated apoptosis in macrophages contributes to the instability of atherosclerotic plaques.

yes

### Human: The role of CHOP in the final stage of atherosclerosis has not been fully elucidated . CHOP is involved in the formation of atherophage-derived foam cell death in coronary atherosclerotic plaques . We showed that expression of CHop in macrophages significantly contributes to the formation of ruptures . We also showed that unesterified free cholesterol derived from incorporated denatured low-density lipoprotein was accumulated in the ER and induced ER stress-mediated apoptosis in a CHOP-related manner . Does the endoplasmic reticulum stress-C/EBP homologous protein pathway-mediated apoptosis in macrophages contribute to the instability of atherosclerotic plaques?### Assistant: The ER stress-CHOP-Bax-mediated apoptosis in macrophages contributes to the instability of atherosclerotic plaques.

ER stress-CHOP-Bax-mediated apoptosis in macrophages contributes to the instability of atherosclerotic plaques

Does fVIII gene delivery by muscle electroporation correct murine hemophilia A?

B-domain-deleted murine FVIII cDNA expression plasmids were constructed with CMV and elongation factor 1alpha promoters for characterisation in murine C2C12 myoblasts . The construct conferring highest in vitro FVII secretion was electroporated into skeletal muscle of FVII null mice in vivo for phenotypic correction using a protocol that minimised tissue injury . This technique was associated with <10% muscle necrosis . All hemophilic mice survived hemostatic challenge after muscle electroporation .

In vivo intramuscular electroporation of naked FVIII plasmid successfully corrects murine hemophilia.

yes

### Human: B-domain-deleted murine FVIII cDNA expression plasmids were constructed with CMV and elongation factor 1alpha promoters for characterisation in murine C2C12 myoblasts . The construct conferring highest in vitro FVII secretion was electroporated into skeletal muscle of FVII null mice in vivo for phenotypic correction using a protocol that minimised tissue injury . This technique was associated with <10% muscle necrosis . All hemophilic mice survived hemostatic challenge after muscle electroporation . Does fVIII gene delivery by muscle electroporation correct murine hemophilia A?### Assistant: In vivo intramuscular electroporation of naked FVIII plasmid successfully corrects murine hemophilia.

In vivo intramuscular electroporation of naked FVIII plasmid successfully corrects murine hemophilia . In

Does molecular imaging correlate of tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway in human meningiomas?

Increased tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway (KP) is a key mechanism of tumoral immune suppression in gliomas . In this study, we evaluated in vivo tryptphan metabolism in meningiomas and compared it with glioma using AMT-PET scanning . We also explored expression patterns of KP enzymes in resected meningoomas . We found a positive correlation with AMT k3' tumor/cortex ratio (r = 0.75, P = .003), and this PET parameter distinguished grade I from grade II/III meninguo .

PET imaging of tryptophan metabolism can provide quantitative imaging markers for differentiating grade I from grade II/III meningiomas. TDO2 may be an important driver of in vivo tryptophan metabolism in these tumors. These results can have implications for pharmacological targeting of the KP in meningiomas.

yes

### Human: Increased tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway (KP) is a key mechanism of tumoral immune suppression in gliomas . In this study, we evaluated in vivo tryptphan metabolism in meningiomas and compared it with glioma using AMT-PET scanning . We also explored expression patterns of KP enzymes in resected meningoomas . We found a positive correlation with AMT k3' tumor/cortex ratio (r = 0.75, P = .003), and this PET parameter distinguished grade I from grade II/III meninguo . Does molecular imaging correlate of tryptophan metabolism via the kynurenine pathway in human meningiomas?### Assistant: PET imaging of tryptophan metabolism can provide quantitative imaging markers for differentiating grade I from grade II/III meningiomas. TDO2 may be an important driver of in vivo tryptophan metabolism in these tumors. These results can have implications for pharmacological targeting of the KP in meningiomas.

PET imaging of tryptophan metabolism can provide quantitative imaging markers for differentiating grade I from grade II/III meningiomas

Do flow-dependent dilation and myogenic constriction interact to establish the resistance of skeletal muscle arterioles?

The diameter of skeletal muscle arterioles is determined by the interaction of intravascular pressure and flow . Perfusion pressures and flows were controlled . In the absence of perfusate flow, increases in perfusion pressure elicited endothelium independent constrictions of arteriols . In contrast, the corresponding diameter of arteroles at perfusion flows of 10 to 60 microL/min was significantly reduced when perfusion pressures were increased from 60 to 80 mm Hg (at a flow of 60 micro L/min)

These results demonstrate that an interplay between pressure and flow-sensitive mechanisms is an important determinant of the arteriolar resistance in skeletal muscle.

yes

### Human: The diameter of skeletal muscle arterioles is determined by the interaction of intravascular pressure and flow . Perfusion pressures and flows were controlled . In the absence of perfusate flow, increases in perfusion pressure elicited endothelium independent constrictions of arteriols . In contrast, the corresponding diameter of arteroles at perfusion flows of 10 to 60 microL/min was significantly reduced when perfusion pressures were increased from 60 to 80 mm Hg (at a flow of 60 micro L/min) Do flow-dependent dilation and myogenic constriction interact to establish the resistance of skeletal muscle arterioles?### Assistant: These results demonstrate that an interplay between pressure and flow-sensitive mechanisms is an important determinant of the arteriolar resistance in skeletal muscle.

These results demonstrate that an interplay between pressure and flow-sensitive mechanisms is an important determinant of the arteriolar resistance in skeletal

Does physically active lifestyle decrease the risk of fattening?

Young adults were observed over an average time interval of more than 10 years . Physical activity was measured over two-week periods . Body fat gain was measured with isotope dilution . There was a significant association between the change in physical activity and the . change in body fat . A high initial activity level was predictive for a higher fat gain. A high activity level. was predictive . for a . higher fat . gain. High initial activity levels were predictive for higher fat gains. High activity levels predicted for a high fat gain .

The change from a physically active to a more sedentary routine does not induce an equivalent reduction of energy intake and requires cognitive restriction to maintain energy balance.

no

### Human: Young adults were observed over an average time interval of more than 10 years . Physical activity was measured over two-week periods . Body fat gain was measured with isotope dilution . There was a significant association between the change in physical activity and the . change in body fat . A high initial activity level was predictive for a higher fat gain. A high activity level. was predictive . for a . higher fat . gain. High initial activity levels were predictive for higher fat gains. High activity levels predicted for a high fat gain . Does physically active lifestyle decrease the risk of fattening?### Assistant: The change from a physically active to a more sedentary routine does not induce an equivalent reduction of energy intake and requires cognitive restriction to maintain energy balance.

The change from a physically active to a more sedentary routine does not induce an equivalent reduction of energy intake and requires cognitive restriction to maintain

Does adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of ICP47 inhibit major histocompatibility complex class I expression on vascular cells in vitro?

The herpes simplex gene ICP47 encodes a protein that binds to the host antigen-processing transporter, inhibiting the formation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigens in infected cells . We hypothesized that the transduction of vascular cells with a replication-incompetent adenoviral vector that was expressing ICP 47 (AdICP47) would inhibit constitutive and inducible MHC-II expression . After 48 hours of exposure to gamma-interferon, cells exhibited a mean of 66% +/- 8% lower MHCI expression than nontransduced cells .

Transduction of vascular cells with AdICP47 strongly inhibits both constitutive and inducible MHC-I expression in human vascular cells. AdICP47-transduced cells exhibited a substantial reduction in cytolysis by CTL. Thus AdICP47 transduction holds promise as a technique to characterize the role of MHC-I expression in acute vascular allograft rejection in vivo and as a potential therapeutic intervention.

yes

### Human: The herpes simplex gene ICP47 encodes a protein that binds to the host antigen-processing transporter, inhibiting the formation of major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) antigens in infected cells . We hypothesized that the transduction of vascular cells with a replication-incompetent adenoviral vector that was expressing ICP 47 (AdICP47) would inhibit constitutive and inducible MHC-II expression . After 48 hours of exposure to gamma-interferon, cells exhibited a mean of 66% +/- 8% lower MHCI expression than nontransduced cells . Does adenoviral-mediated gene transfer of ICP47 inhibit major histocompatibility complex class I expression on vascular cells in vitro?### Assistant: Transduction of vascular cells with AdICP47 strongly inhibits both constitutive and inducible MHC-I expression in human vascular cells. AdICP47-transduced cells exhibited a substantial reduction in cytolysis by CTL. Thus AdICP47 transduction holds promise as a technique to characterize the role of MHC-I expression in acute vascular allograft rejection in vivo and as a potential therapeutic intervention.

AdICP47-transduced cells exhibited a substantial reduction in cytolysis by CTL . Transduction of vascular cells

Is preoperative serum h-FABP concentration associated with postoperative incidence of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery?

Fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is an intracellular transport protein associated with myocardial damage size in patients undergoing cardiac surgery . Elevated FABP serum concentrations are related to a number of common comorbidities, such as heart failure, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome . Data are lacking on the association between preoperative h-FabP serum level and postoperative incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) Study investigated the association of preoperative FABp serum concentrations and the length of ICU treatment .

We found a correlation between preoperative serum h-FABP and the postoperative incidence of AKI. Our results suggest a potential role for h-FABP as a biomarker for AKI in cardiac surgery.

yes

### Human: Fatty acid binding protein (FABP) is an intracellular transport protein associated with myocardial damage size in patients undergoing cardiac surgery . Elevated FABP serum concentrations are related to a number of common comorbidities, such as heart failure, chronic kidney disease, diabetes mellitus, and metabolic syndrome . Data are lacking on the association between preoperative h-FabP serum level and postoperative incidence of acute kidney injury (AKI) Study investigated the association of preoperative FABp serum concentrations and the length of ICU treatment . Is preoperative serum h-FABP concentration associated with postoperative incidence of acute kidney injury in patients undergoing cardiac surgery?### Assistant: We found a correlation between preoperative serum h-FABP and the postoperative incidence of AKI. Our results suggest a potential role for h-FABP as a biomarker for AKI in cardiac surgery.

Preoperative serum h-FABP found to be a biomarker for AKI in cardiac surgery .

Does lobeline serve as a reinforcer in rats?

The ability of intravenous (IV) lobeline (0.015-0.15 mg/kg per infusion) to engender responding was determined using the self-administration paradigm . Experiments were also performed to determine if lobeline reinstates responding for d-methamphetamine or alters the ability of d-Methamphetamine to reinstate responding following extinction . The effect of lobeline on DA and DOPAC levels in the nucleus accumbens and striatum was also determined .

Taken together, the present results indicate that lobeline decreases d-methamphetamine self-administration by decreasing reward, not by acting as a substitute reinforcer.

no

### Human: The ability of intravenous (IV) lobeline (0.015-0.15 mg/kg per infusion) to engender responding was determined using the self-administration paradigm . Experiments were also performed to determine if lobeline reinstates responding for d-methamphetamine or alters the ability of d-Methamphetamine to reinstate responding following extinction . The effect of lobeline on DA and DOPAC levels in the nucleus accumbens and striatum was also determined . Does lobeline serve as a reinforcer in rats?### Assistant: Taken together, the present results indicate that lobeline decreases d-methamphetamine self-administration by decreasing reward, not by acting as a substitute reinforcer.

Lobeline decreases d-methamphetamine self-administration by decreasing reward, not by acting as a substitute reinforcer .

Does the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor-6 control the development of pancreatic ducts in the mouse?

Hnf6 null mice at various stages of development were studied by immunolocalization methods to assess the morphology, differentiation, and proliferation status of ductal cells . We show that HNF-6 is expressed in the pancreatic duct epithelium throughout development and that, in the absence of HNF6, duct morphogenesis is perturbed . This is associated with abnormal development of primary cilia at the apical pole of the duct cells and with reduced expression of a set of genes involved in polycystic diseases .

We identify HNF-6 as the first transcriptional regulator of pancreatic duct development and reveal the existence of different regulatory mechanisms in distinct duct compartments. HNF-6 controls a network of genes involved in cilium formation and in hereditary polycystic diseases. Finally, HNF-6 deficiency represents a genetically defined model of pancreatic cystic disease.

yes

### Human: Hnf6 null mice at various stages of development were studied by immunolocalization methods to assess the morphology, differentiation, and proliferation status of ductal cells . We show that HNF-6 is expressed in the pancreatic duct epithelium throughout development and that, in the absence of HNF6, duct morphogenesis is perturbed . This is associated with abnormal development of primary cilia at the apical pole of the duct cells and with reduced expression of a set of genes involved in polycystic diseases . Does the transcription factor hepatocyte nuclear factor-6 control the development of pancreatic ducts in the mouse?### Assistant: We identify HNF-6 as the first transcriptional regulator of pancreatic duct development and reveal the existence of different regulatory mechanisms in distinct duct compartments. HNF-6 controls a network of genes involved in cilium formation and in hereditary polycystic diseases. Finally, HNF-6 deficiency represents a genetically defined model of pancreatic cystic disease.

HNF-6 controls a network of genes involved in cilium formation and in hereditary polycystic diseases . It also controls genes

Is preoperative anaemia associated with poor clinical outcome in non-cardiac surgery patients?

The objective of this study was to describe mortality rates and patterns of intensive care resource use for patients with anaemia undergoing non-cardiac and non-neurological in-patient surgery . Preoperative anaemia had a high prevalence in both men and women (31.1% and 26.5% respectively) Patients with severe or moderate anaemia were found to have higher in-hospital mortality than those with normal preoperative Hb concentrations . Hospital length of stay and post-operative admission to intensive care were greater in patients with anemia than in those with a normal Hb concentration .

Anaemia is common among non-cardiac and non-neurological surgical patients, and is associated with poor clinical outcome and increased healthcare resource use.

yes

### Human: The objective of this study was to describe mortality rates and patterns of intensive care resource use for patients with anaemia undergoing non-cardiac and non-neurological in-patient surgery . Preoperative anaemia had a high prevalence in both men and women (31.1% and 26.5% respectively) Patients with severe or moderate anaemia were found to have higher in-hospital mortality than those with normal preoperative Hb concentrations . Hospital length of stay and post-operative admission to intensive care were greater in patients with anemia than in those with a normal Hb concentration . Is preoperative anaemia associated with poor clinical outcome in non-cardiac surgery patients?### Assistant: Anaemia is common among non-cardiac and non-neurological surgical patients, and is associated with poor clinical outcome and increased healthcare resource use.

Anaemia is common among non-cardiac and non-neurological surgical patients . It is associated with poor clinical outcome and

Does intraoperative glucose administration influence respiratory quotient during paediatric anaesthesia?

Maintained or increased blood glucose concentrations are usually seen during paediatric anaesthesia and surgery even without glucose administration . The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether an intraoperative glucose infusion influences the RQ as an indication of a different metabolic preference in comparison to a glucose-free fluid regime . Oxygen consumption tended to be higher, although not significantly so in patients without glucose infusion . Higher blood glucose concentration during surgery were found in the children given glucose 0.92 +/- 0.08 .

Our results indicate a higher glucose oxidation rate in patients given glucose during surgery.

yes

### Human: Maintained or increased blood glucose concentrations are usually seen during paediatric anaesthesia and surgery even without glucose administration . The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether an intraoperative glucose infusion influences the RQ as an indication of a different metabolic preference in comparison to a glucose-free fluid regime . Oxygen consumption tended to be higher, although not significantly so in patients without glucose infusion . Higher blood glucose concentration during surgery were found in the children given glucose 0.92 +/- 0.08 . Does intraoperative glucose administration influence respiratory quotient during paediatric anaesthesia?### Assistant: Our results indicate a higher glucose oxidation rate in patients given glucose during surgery.

Our results indicate a higher glucose oxidation rate in patients given glucose during surgery .

Are serum C reactive protein levels and genetic variation in the CRP gene associated with the prevalence , incidence or progression of osteoarthritis independent of body mass index?

Study of relationship between CRP levels, genetic variation in the CRP gene and the prevalence, incidence and progression of radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) in the Rotterdam Study-I (RS-I) was also performed . In RS-I the prevalence of knee OA, but not hip OA or hand OA was associated with 14% higher levels of CRP compared with controls . This association disappeared after adjustment for age and especially body mass index (BMI)

There is no evidence of association between serum CRP levels or genetic variation in the CRP gene with the prevalence, incidence or progression of OA independent of BMI.

no

### Human: Study of relationship between CRP levels, genetic variation in the CRP gene and the prevalence, incidence and progression of radiographic osteoarthritis (ROA) in the Rotterdam Study-I (RS-I) was also performed . In RS-I the prevalence of knee OA, but not hip OA or hand OA was associated with 14% higher levels of CRP compared with controls . This association disappeared after adjustment for age and especially body mass index (BMI) Are serum C reactive protein levels and genetic variation in the CRP gene associated with the prevalence , incidence or progression of osteoarthritis independent of body mass index?### Assistant: There is no evidence of association between serum CRP levels or genetic variation in the CRP gene with the prevalence, incidence or progression of OA independent of BMI.

There is no evidence of association between serum CRP levels or genetic variation in the CRP gene with the prevalence of OA independent of

Does deletion of either CD55 or CD97 ameliorate arthritis in mouse models?

CD55 (decay-accelerating factor) is best known for its role in the negative regulation of the complement system . It is abundantly present on fibroblast-like synoviocytes and is also a ligand of the adhesion-class heptahelical receptor CD97 . Arthritis was induced in wild-type, CD55(-/-), and CD97(-/-) mice using collagen-induced and K/BxN serum-transfer models . Treatment with antibodies to CD97 ameliorates the collagen- induced model of rheumatoid arthritis in DBA/1 mice .

Our findings indicate that the lack of CD55 or CD97 in 2 different models of arthritis increases resistance to the disease. These findings provide insight into a role for CD55 interaction with CD97 in the pathogenesis of RA and suggest that therapeutic strategies that disrupt CD55/CD97 may be clinically beneficial.

yes

### Human: CD55 (decay-accelerating factor) is best known for its role in the negative regulation of the complement system . It is abundantly present on fibroblast-like synoviocytes and is also a ligand of the adhesion-class heptahelical receptor CD97 . Arthritis was induced in wild-type, CD55(-/-), and CD97(-/-) mice using collagen-induced and K/BxN serum-transfer models . Treatment with antibodies to CD97 ameliorates the collagen- induced model of rheumatoid arthritis in DBA/1 mice . Does deletion of either CD55 or CD97 ameliorate arthritis in mouse models?### Assistant: Our findings indicate that the lack of CD55 or CD97 in 2 different models of arthritis increases resistance to the disease. These findings provide insight into a role for CD55 interaction with CD97 in the pathogenesis of RA and suggest that therapeutic strategies that disrupt CD55/CD97 may be clinically beneficial.

Our findings indicate that the lack of CD55 or CD97 in 2 different models of arthritis increases resistance to the disease . These findings provide

Do differences in carbon source utilisation distinguish Campylobacter jejuni from Campylobacter coli?

Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are the most frequent causes of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans in the UK . This study used multi genome analysis to show that propionic acid is utilised only by C. je juni strains tested . A broader PCR screen confirmed the absence of the genes needed for propanoate metabolism in C. Jejuni strains and 42 C. Coli strains . A wider PCR screen of 16 C. . coli strains and . 42 C . je . confirmed the presence of genes needed to . propanoatate metabolism .

From our analysis we have identified a phenotypic method and two genotypic methods based on propionic utilisation that might be applicable for distinguishing between C. jejuni and C. coli.

yes

### Human: Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli are the most frequent causes of foodborne gastroenteritis in humans in the UK . This study used multi genome analysis to show that propionic acid is utilised only by C. je juni strains tested . A broader PCR screen confirmed the absence of the genes needed for propanoate metabolism in C. Jejuni strains and 42 C. Coli strains . A wider PCR screen of 16 C. . coli strains and . 42 C . je . confirmed the presence of genes needed to . propanoatate metabolism . Do differences in carbon source utilisation distinguish Campylobacter jejuni from Campylobacter coli?### Assistant: From our analysis we have identified a phenotypic method and two genotypic methods based on propionic utilisation that might be applicable for distinguishing between C. jejuni and C. coli.

From our analysis we have identified a phenotypic method and two genotypic methods based on propionic utilisation that might be applicable

Does azelastine eye drop reduce and prevent allergic conjunctival reaction and exert anti-allergic activity?

Azelastine is a selective H1-receptor antagonist, which has previously been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis . The aim of the study was the evaluation of the anti-allergic activity in the model of allergen specific conjunctival challenge (ASCC) After 7 days of treatment, 30 min after ASCC, 30 . min after . ASCC induced a reduction of symptom scores during EPR and LPR (P < 0.01) and a reduction . of inflammatory cell infiltration during both EPR (both EPR) and L.PR)

Azelastine eye drops exert anti-allergic activity, inducing a rapid improvement of clinical events when administered after ASCC, and reducing both symptoms and cellular infiltration when administered before ASCC. Finally, azelastine down-regulates ICAM-1 expression on epithelial conjunctival cells, confirming the results obtained at nasal level.

yes

### Human: Azelastine is a selective H1-receptor antagonist, which has previously been demonstrated to be effective in the treatment of allergic rhinitis . The aim of the study was the evaluation of the anti-allergic activity in the model of allergen specific conjunctival challenge (ASCC) After 7 days of treatment, 30 min after ASCC, 30 . min after . ASCC induced a reduction of symptom scores during EPR and LPR (P < 0.01) and a reduction . of inflammatory cell infiltration during both EPR (both EPR) and L.PR) Does azelastine eye drop reduce and prevent allergic conjunctival reaction and exert anti-allergic activity?### Assistant: Azelastine eye drops exert anti-allergic activity, inducing a rapid improvement of clinical events when administered after ASCC, and reducing both symptoms and cellular infiltration when administered before ASCC. Finally, azelastine down-regulates ICAM-1 expression on epithelial conjunctival cells, confirming the results obtained at nasal level.

Azelastine eye drops exert anti-allergic activity, inducing a rapid improvement of clinical events when administered after ASCC . It

Is a prominent R wave in V ( 1 ) but not in V ( 2 ) a specific sign of a large lateral transmural infarction?

A prominent R wave in V(1) or V(2 is considered to reflect a lateral myocardial infarction . We studied 50 patients with a previous first-off involving left ventricular inferior and/or lateral wall at contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance . We investigated differences in infarct location, size and transmural extent between patients with prominent R waves . In those with prominent wave, Infarct size, size, and extent were greater than in patients without this pattern .

Only a prominent R wave in V(1) is a specific sign of large and transmural lateral infarction.

yes

### Human: A prominent R wave in V(1) or V(2 is considered to reflect a lateral myocardial infarction . We studied 50 patients with a previous first-off involving left ventricular inferior and/or lateral wall at contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance . We investigated differences in infarct location, size and transmural extent between patients with prominent R waves . In those with prominent wave, Infarct size, size, and extent were greater than in patients without this pattern . Is a prominent R wave in V ( 1 ) but not in V ( 2 ) a specific sign of a large lateral transmural infarction?### Assistant: Only a prominent R wave in V(1) is a specific sign of large and transmural lateral infarction.

Only a prominent R wave in V(1) is a specific sign of large and transmural lateral infarction .

Is the accumulation of ascorbic acid by squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and larynx associated with global methylation of DNA?

The clinical significance of these observations is unknown . The authors measured the ascorbic acid concentrations and radiolabeled methyl incorporation (which is inversely related to the degree of DNA methylation in vivo) of paired samples of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adjacent uninvolved mucosa of the lung and larynx (n = 22) Cancerous tissues had significantly higher ascorbs acid concentrations compared with their matched uninvolved tissues (mean +/- SD, 151 +/- 52; median, 72 ng/mg protein)

Cancerous tissues of the lung and larynx demonstrated their ability to accumulate ascorbic acid. The accumulation of ascorbic acid by these tissues seemed to facilitate global methylation of DNA.

yes

### Human: The clinical significance of these observations is unknown . The authors measured the ascorbic acid concentrations and radiolabeled methyl incorporation (which is inversely related to the degree of DNA methylation in vivo) of paired samples of squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and adjacent uninvolved mucosa of the lung and larynx (n = 22) Cancerous tissues had significantly higher ascorbs acid concentrations compared with their matched uninvolved tissues (mean +/- SD, 151 +/- 52; median, 72 ng/mg protein) Is the accumulation of ascorbic acid by squamous cell carcinomas of the lung and larynx associated with global methylation of DNA?### Assistant: Cancerous tissues of the lung and larynx demonstrated their ability to accumulate ascorbic acid. The accumulation of ascorbic acid by these tissues seemed to facilitate global methylation of DNA.

Cancerous tissues of the lung and larynx demonstrated their ability to accumulate ascorbic acid . These tissues seemed to facilitate global

Do donor liver natural killer cells alleviate liver allograft acute rejection in rats?

Ten Gy of whole body gamma-irradiation (WBI) from a 60Co source at 0.6 Gy/min was used for depleting donor-derived leukocytes, and transfusion of purified liver NK cells isolated from the same type rat as donor (donor type liver NK cell, dtlNKs) through portal vein was performed immediately after grafting the irradiated liver . The function of donor liver NK NK cells in allogeneic liver transplantation (LTx) remains unclear .

Donor liver NK cells alone do not exacerbate liver allograft acute rejection. Conversely, they can alleviate it, and improve the recipients' survival.

yes

### Human: Ten Gy of whole body gamma-irradiation (WBI) from a 60Co source at 0.6 Gy/min was used for depleting donor-derived leukocytes, and transfusion of purified liver NK cells isolated from the same type rat as donor (donor type liver NK cell, dtlNKs) through portal vein was performed immediately after grafting the irradiated liver . The function of donor liver NK NK cells in allogeneic liver transplantation (LTx) remains unclear . Do donor liver natural killer cells alleviate liver allograft acute rejection in rats?### Assistant: Donor liver NK cells alone do not exacerbate liver allograft acute rejection. Conversely, they can alleviate it, and improve the recipients' survival.

Donor liver NK cells alone do not exacerbate liver allograft acute rejection . Conversely, they can alleviate it, and improve the recipients

Does non-pain-related CRF1 activation in the amygdala facilitate synaptic transmission and pain responses?

Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays an important role in affective states and disorders . CRF is not only a stress hormone but also a neuromodulator outside the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis . The amygdala, a brain center for emotions, is a major site of extrahypothalamic expression of CRF and its G-protein-coupled receptors . Previous studies showed that activation of CRf1 receptors in an arthritis pain model contributes to amygdala hyperactivity .

Non-pain-related activation of CRF1 receptors in the amygdala can trigger pain-responses in normal animals through a mechanism that involves PKA-dependent synaptic facilitation in CeLC neurons independent of HPA axis function. The results suggest that conditions of increased amygdala CRF levels can contribute to pain in the absence of tissue pathology or disease state.

yes

### Human: Corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) plays an important role in affective states and disorders . CRF is not only a stress hormone but also a neuromodulator outside the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical (HPA) axis . The amygdala, a brain center for emotions, is a major site of extrahypothalamic expression of CRF and its G-protein-coupled receptors . Previous studies showed that activation of CRf1 receptors in an arthritis pain model contributes to amygdala hyperactivity . Does non-pain-related CRF1 activation in the amygdala facilitate synaptic transmission and pain responses?### Assistant: Non-pain-related activation of CRF1 receptors in the amygdala can trigger pain-responses in normal animals through a mechanism that involves PKA-dependent synaptic facilitation in CeLC neurons independent of HPA axis function. The results suggest that conditions of increased amygdala CRF levels can contribute to pain in the absence of tissue pathology or disease state.

Non-pain-related activation of CRF1 receptors in the amygdala can trigger pain-responses in normal animals . The results suggest

Are presence of five conditioning film proteins highly associated with early stent encrustation?

Proteins alpha-1 anti-trypsin, Ig kappa, IgH G1, and histone H2b and H3a were found to be highly associated with stent encrustation (p < 0.05), while Tamm-Horsfall protein and H2a protein were found a marginal association . Patients with early encrustations were more likely to have mixed stone analysis (p = 0.03) and low urinary volumes (p= 0.01)

Immunoglobulins and Tamm-Horsfall protein are common urinary proteins that appear to nonselectively bind early onto ureteral stent surfaces. Histones, nuclear DNA-condensing proteins, likely contribute to stent encrustation because of their unique net positive charge and may represent a potential clinical target for encrustation prevention.

yes

### Human: Proteins alpha-1 anti-trypsin, Ig kappa, IgH G1, and histone H2b and H3a were found to be highly associated with stent encrustation (p < 0.05), while Tamm-Horsfall protein and H2a protein were found a marginal association . Patients with early encrustations were more likely to have mixed stone analysis (p = 0.03) and low urinary volumes (p= 0.01) Are presence of five conditioning film proteins highly associated with early stent encrustation?### Assistant: Immunoglobulins and Tamm-Horsfall protein are common urinary proteins that appear to nonselectively bind early onto ureteral stent surfaces. Histones, nuclear DNA-condensing proteins, likely contribute to stent encrustation because of their unique net positive charge and may represent a potential clinical target for encrustation prevention.

Histones, nuclear DNA-condensing proteins, likely contribute to stent encrustation because of their unique net positive charge . Imm

Is aTM required for the repair of Topotecan-induced replication-associated double-strand breaks?

DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is the PIK kinase Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) It is still unclear whether ATM is involved in the repair of replication-associated DSBs . Here, we focused on the involvement of ATM in homology-directed repair of indirect DNA repair . We found that ATM-deficient and -proficient human cells were better affected by TPT-treatment than IR-irradiation .

These results demonstrate that ATM is essentially required for the completion of HR-mediated repair of TPT-induced DSBs formed indirectly at replication forks.

yes

### Human: DNA double-strand break (DSB) repair is the PIK kinase Ataxia-Telangiectasia Mutated (ATM) It is still unclear whether ATM is involved in the repair of replication-associated DSBs . Here, we focused on the involvement of ATM in homology-directed repair of indirect DNA repair . We found that ATM-deficient and -proficient human cells were better affected by TPT-treatment than IR-irradiation . Is aTM required for the repair of Topotecan-induced replication-associated double-strand breaks?### Assistant: These results demonstrate that ATM is essentially required for the completion of HR-mediated repair of TPT-induced DSBs formed indirectly at replication forks.

ATM is essentially required for the completion of the repair of TPT-induced DSBs formed indirectly at replication forks .

Does parathyroid hormone-related protein regulate the growth of orthotopic human lung tumors in athymic mice?

Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) has growth regulatory effects for many malignant cells . In the current study, the authors investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of neutralizing antibodies on the growth of BEN cells . Exogenous PTHrp 1-34 treatment (0.01-1 nM) inhibited growth of cultured BEN cells by approximately 40% . After 30 days, 6 of 10 mice receiving anti-PTHRP antibodies had lung tumors visible on macroscopic inspection, but only 1 of the 10 mice treated with irrelevant IgG had a lung tumor .

Although PTHrP expression has been reported to be associated with more aggressive malignancies, the data from the current study suggest that PTHrP 1-34 was a paracrine growth inhibitor in BEN human lung carcinoma cells. The growth-related effects of PTHrP are complex, and can be both stimulatory and inhibitory.

yes

### Human: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) has growth regulatory effects for many malignant cells . In the current study, the authors investigated the in vivo and in vitro effects of neutralizing antibodies on the growth of BEN cells . Exogenous PTHrp 1-34 treatment (0.01-1 nM) inhibited growth of cultured BEN cells by approximately 40% . After 30 days, 6 of 10 mice receiving anti-PTHRP antibodies had lung tumors visible on macroscopic inspection, but only 1 of the 10 mice treated with irrelevant IgG had a lung tumor . Does parathyroid hormone-related protein regulate the growth of orthotopic human lung tumors in athymic mice?### Assistant: Although PTHrP expression has been reported to be associated with more aggressive malignancies, the data from the current study suggest that PTHrP 1-34 was a paracrine growth inhibitor in BEN human lung carcinoma cells. The growth-related effects of PTHrP are complex, and can be both stimulatory and inhibitory.

PTHrP 1-34 was a paracrine growth inhibitor in human lung carcinoma cells . The growth-related effects of

Is low circulating vitamin B ( 6 ) associated with elevation of the inflammation marker C-reactive protein independently of plasma homocysteine levels?

Lower vitamin B(6 concentrations are reported to confer an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) Other diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are associated with reduced levels of vitamin B6 . Inflammatory reaction may be the major link between these diseases, despite a clear distinction in pathophysiology, authors say . They also evaluated whether total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) had a possible role as a mediator of this hypothesized relationship . Study participants from the population-based Framingham Heart Study cohort were analyzed .

Low plasma PLP is associated with higher CRP levels independently of tHcy. This observation may reflect a vitamin B(6) utilization in the presence of an underlying inflammatory process and represent a possible mechanism to explain the decreased vitamin B(6) levels in CVD.

yes

### Human: Lower vitamin B(6 concentrations are reported to confer an increased risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD) Other diseases, such as rheumatoid arthritis, are associated with reduced levels of vitamin B6 . Inflammatory reaction may be the major link between these diseases, despite a clear distinction in pathophysiology, authors say . They also evaluated whether total plasma homocysteine (tHcy) had a possible role as a mediator of this hypothesized relationship . Study participants from the population-based Framingham Heart Study cohort were analyzed . Is low circulating vitamin B ( 6 ) associated with elevation of the inflammation marker C-reactive protein independently of plasma homocysteine levels?### Assistant: Low plasma PLP is associated with higher CRP levels independently of tHcy. This observation may reflect a vitamin B(6) utilization in the presence of an underlying inflammatory process and represent a possible mechanism to explain the decreased vitamin B(6) levels in CVD.

Low plasma PLP is associated with higher CRP levels independently of tHcy . This observation may reflect a vitamin B(6)

Are oxycodone concentrations greatly increased by the concomitant use of ritonavir or lopinavir/ritonavir?

Antivirals ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of oral oxycodone by 3.0-fold (range 1.9- to 4.3-fold; P <0.001) The mean (± SD) elimination half-life increased after ritonivir and ritonovir and/ritanavir 400/100 mg for 4 days was increased after the antivirals were given to the subjects .

ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir greatly increase the plasma concentrations of oral oxycodone in healthy volunteers and enhance its effect. When oxycodone is used clinically in patients during ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir treatment, reductions in oxycodone dose may be needed to avoid opioid-related adverse effects.

yes

### Human: Antivirals ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir increased the area under the plasma concentration-time curve of oral oxycodone by 3.0-fold (range 1.9- to 4.3-fold; P <0.001) The mean (± SD) elimination half-life increased after ritonivir and ritonovir and/ritanavir 400/100 mg for 4 days was increased after the antivirals were given to the subjects . Are oxycodone concentrations greatly increased by the concomitant use of ritonavir or lopinavir/ritonavir?### Assistant: ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir greatly increase the plasma concentrations of oral oxycodone in healthy volunteers and enhance its effect. When oxycodone is used clinically in patients during ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir treatment, reductions in oxycodone dose may be needed to avoid opioid-related adverse effects.

When oxycodone is used clinically in patients during ritonavir and lopinavir/ritonavir treatment, reductions

Does cD18-mediated neutrophil recruitment contribute to the pathogenesis of reperfused but not nonreperfused stroke?

Neutrophil (PMN) recruitment mediated by increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression (ICAM-1, CD54) in the cerebral microvasculature contributes to the pathogenesis of tissue injury in stroke . Studies using blocking antibodies against the common beta2-integrin subunit on the PMN have demonstrated equivocal efficacy . The current study tested the hypothesis that mice deficient in CD18 would be protected in the setting of reperfused but not nonreperfused stroke .

Deficiency for the CD18 gene confers cerebral protection in a murine model of reperfused stroke, but this benefit does not extend to CD18-deficient animals subjected to permanent MCA occlusion. These data suggest that anti-PMN strategies should be targeted to reperfused stroke and may perhaps be used in conjunction with thrombolytic therapy that establishes reperfusion.

yes

### Human: Neutrophil (PMN) recruitment mediated by increased expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 expression (ICAM-1, CD54) in the cerebral microvasculature contributes to the pathogenesis of tissue injury in stroke . Studies using blocking antibodies against the common beta2-integrin subunit on the PMN have demonstrated equivocal efficacy . The current study tested the hypothesis that mice deficient in CD18 would be protected in the setting of reperfused but not nonreperfused stroke . Does cD18-mediated neutrophil recruitment contribute to the pathogenesis of reperfused but not nonreperfused stroke?### Assistant: Deficiency for the CD18 gene confers cerebral protection in a murine model of reperfused stroke, but this benefit does not extend to CD18-deficient animals subjected to permanent MCA occlusion. These data suggest that anti-PMN strategies should be targeted to reperfused stroke and may perhaps be used in conjunction with thrombolytic therapy that establishes reperfusion.

CD18 gene confers cerebral protection in a murine model of reperfused stroke . This benefit does not extend to CD18-

Does high expression level of BLCA-4 correlate with poor prognosis in human bladder cancer?

BLCA-4 overexpression was significantly associated with tumor grade (P<0.001), stage (P) and tumor grade . High expression level of BLCa-4 resulted in a significantly poor prognosis of BC patients . BLCAs-4 expression level was an independent prognostic parameter for the overall survival rate of patients . The study was conducted on a series of 325 BC patients who underwent resections between 2000 and 2006 . The findings were published in the Journal of Cancer Research .

These findings provide evidence that high expression level of BLCA-4 serves as a poor prognostic biomarker for BC. BLCA-4 may be a potential target of antiangiogenic therapy for BC.

yes

### Human: BLCA-4 overexpression was significantly associated with tumor grade (P<0.001), stage (P) and tumor grade . High expression level of BLCa-4 resulted in a significantly poor prognosis of BC patients . BLCAs-4 expression level was an independent prognostic parameter for the overall survival rate of patients . The study was conducted on a series of 325 BC patients who underwent resections between 2000 and 2006 . The findings were published in the Journal of Cancer Research . Does high expression level of BLCA-4 correlate with poor prognosis in human bladder cancer?### Assistant: These findings provide evidence that high expression level of BLCA-4 serves as a poor prognostic biomarker for BC. BLCA-4 may be a potential target of antiangiogenic therapy for BC.

BLCA-4 may be a potential target of antiangiogenic therapy for BC .

Does relative femoral neck lengthening improve pain and hip function in proximal femoral deformities with a high-riding trochanter?

Relative femoral neck lengthening may address these deformities, but mid-term results of this approach have not been widely reported . We retrospectively reviewed 40 patients with isolated relative femoral . neck lengthening between 1998 and 2006 with sequelae of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, and postseptic arthritis . We evaluated pain and function with the impingement test, limp, abductor force, Merle d'Aubigné-Postel score, and range of motion .

Relative femoral neck lengthening in hips with combined intra- and extraarticular impingement results in reduced pain, improved function, and improved radiographic parameters of the proximal femur. Although lack of long-term complications is gratifying, progression of OA was not prevented and remains an area for future research.

yes

### Human: Relative femoral neck lengthening may address these deformities, but mid-term results of this approach have not been widely reported . We retrospectively reviewed 40 patients with isolated relative femoral . neck lengthening between 1998 and 2006 with sequelae of Legg-Calvé-Perthes disease, slipped capital femoral epiphysis, and postseptic arthritis . We evaluated pain and function with the impingement test, limp, abductor force, Merle d'Aubigné-Postel score, and range of motion . Does relative femoral neck lengthening improve pain and hip function in proximal femoral deformities with a high-riding trochanter?### Assistant: Relative femoral neck lengthening in hips with combined intra- and extraarticular impingement results in reduced pain, improved function, and improved radiographic parameters of the proximal femur. Although lack of long-term complications is gratifying, progression of OA was not prevented and remains an area for future research.

Focal femoral neck lengthening in hips with combined intra- and extraarticular impingement results in reduced pain, improved function

Is female gender associated with a worse survival after radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder : a competing risk analysis?

An observational cohort study was conducted using retrospectively collected data from 11 centers on patients with advanced bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy . The study comprised 4296 patients, including 890 women (21%) The median follow-up duration was 31.5 months for all patients . Disease recurred in 1430 patients (33.9%) (36.8% of women and 33.1% of men) at a median of 11 months after surgery . Cancer-specific death was observed in 33.0% of . women and 27.2% men .

Our analysis identified female gender as a poor-risk feature for patients undergoing radical cystectomy. This adverse prognostic factor was independent of standard clinical and pathologic features and competing risk from non-cancer-related death.

yes

### Human: An observational cohort study was conducted using retrospectively collected data from 11 centers on patients with advanced bladder cancer treated with radical cystectomy . The study comprised 4296 patients, including 890 women (21%) The median follow-up duration was 31.5 months for all patients . Disease recurred in 1430 patients (33.9%) (36.8% of women and 33.1% of men) at a median of 11 months after surgery . Cancer-specific death was observed in 33.0% of . women and 27.2% men . Is female gender associated with a worse survival after radical cystectomy for urothelial carcinoma of the bladder : a competing risk analysis?### Assistant: Our analysis identified female gender as a poor-risk feature for patients undergoing radical cystectomy. This adverse prognostic factor was independent of standard clinical and pathologic features and competing risk from non-cancer-related death.

Analysis identified female gender as a poor-risk feature for patients undergoing radical cystectomy . This adverse prognostic factor was independent of standard

Does fluoxetine improve the quality of life in patients with poststroke emotional disturbances?

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of fluoxetine on quality of life (QOL) over time in stroke patients with emotional disturbances . The presence of PSD, PSEI and anger proneness was also determined with a standardized questionnaire . The subjects were given either 20 mg/day of fluxetine (n = 76) or placebo for 3 months . Follow-up evaluations were done at 3, 6 and 12 months after the beginning of the treatment .

Fluoxetine is effective in improving QOL, particularly so in the mental health subdomain. Our results suggest that fluoxetine may be used to improve the QOL of stroke patients with emotional disturbances.

yes

### Human: The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the efficacy of fluoxetine on quality of life (QOL) over time in stroke patients with emotional disturbances . The presence of PSD, PSEI and anger proneness was also determined with a standardized questionnaire . The subjects were given either 20 mg/day of fluxetine (n = 76) or placebo for 3 months . Follow-up evaluations were done at 3, 6 and 12 months after the beginning of the treatment . Does fluoxetine improve the quality of life in patients with poststroke emotional disturbances?### Assistant: Fluoxetine is effective in improving QOL, particularly so in the mental health subdomain. Our results suggest that fluoxetine may be used to improve the QOL of stroke patients with emotional disturbances.

Fluoxetine may be used to improve the QOL of stroke patients with emotional disturbances .

Do human peritoneal mesothelial cells respond to bacterial ligands through a specific subset of Toll-like receptors?

Toll-like receptor (TLR) involvement in early activation events within the mesothelium remains poorly defined . We characterized TLR activation by bacterial ligands in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) The requirement for CD14 in HPMC responses to a clinically relevant Staphylococcus epidermidis cell-free supernatant (SES) was investigated using soluble CD14 or anti-CD14-blocking antibodies . SES-mediated responses were dependent on TLR2 but did not require CD14 for optimal efficiency, unlike peripheral blood mononuclear cells .

These data suggest that mesothelial cell activation by TLR2/1, TLR2/6 and TLR5 contributes to bacterial recognition influencing the course of the infective process and has implications for improving treatment of infection in PD patients.

yes

### Human: Toll-like receptor (TLR) involvement in early activation events within the mesothelium remains poorly defined . We characterized TLR activation by bacterial ligands in human peritoneal mesothelial cells (HPMC) The requirement for CD14 in HPMC responses to a clinically relevant Staphylococcus epidermidis cell-free supernatant (SES) was investigated using soluble CD14 or anti-CD14-blocking antibodies . SES-mediated responses were dependent on TLR2 but did not require CD14 for optimal efficiency, unlike peripheral blood mononuclear cells . Do human peritoneal mesothelial cells respond to bacterial ligands through a specific subset of Toll-like receptors?### Assistant: These data suggest that mesothelial cell activation by TLR2/1, TLR2/6 and TLR5 contributes to bacterial recognition influencing the course of the infective process and has implications for improving treatment of infection in PD patients.

These data suggest that mesothelial cell activation by TLR2/1, TLR 2/6 and TLR5 contributes to

Do most patients with cancer-associated dermatomyositis have antibodies to nuclear matrix protein NXP-2 or transcription intermediary factor 1γ?

Dermatomyositis (DM) is associated with an increased risk of malignancy . Anti-NXP-2 antibodies were assayed by immunoprecipitation using (35) S-methionine-labeled Nxp-2 generated by in vitro transcription/translation . Cancer was associated with antibodies to TIF-1γ and nuclear matrix protein NXP- 2 . Older age and male sex were also associated with cancer associated with NXP, and cancer in males .

These studies demonstrate that anti-NXP-2 and anti-TIF-1γ antibodies are frequent DM specificities (found in 55% of patients) and are present in most patients with cancer-associated DM.

yes

### Human: Dermatomyositis (DM) is associated with an increased risk of malignancy . Anti-NXP-2 antibodies were assayed by immunoprecipitation using (35) S-methionine-labeled Nxp-2 generated by in vitro transcription/translation . Cancer was associated with antibodies to TIF-1γ and nuclear matrix protein NXP- 2 . Older age and male sex were also associated with cancer associated with NXP, and cancer in males . Do most patients with cancer-associated dermatomyositis have antibodies to nuclear matrix protein NXP-2 or transcription intermediary factor 1γ?### Assistant: These studies demonstrate that anti-NXP-2 and anti-TIF-1γ antibodies are frequent DM specificities (found in 55% of patients) and are present in most patients with cancer-associated DM.

Anti-NXP-2 and anti-TIF-1γ antibodies are frequent DM specificities (found in 55% of patients

Are socioeconomic and living conditions determinants of hip fracture incidence and age occurrence among community-dwelling elderly?

In a prospective study in Switzerland, hip fracture incidence and accordingly age at hip fracture were inversely associated with the area-level income, independently of the geographical area . Those in the highest income category had a hip fracture at a significant older age [1.58 (0.55-2.61) year, p = 0.003] as compared to those in the lowest income category . Married women fracturing earlier than those in low income category, with married women fracturing later . Age at hip fractures also depended of marital status but in a gender-specific way .

These results indicate that incidence and age occurrence of hip fracture are influenced by area-level income and living conditions among community-dwelling elderly. Prevention programs may be encouraged in priority in communities with low income.

yes

### Human: In a prospective study in Switzerland, hip fracture incidence and accordingly age at hip fracture were inversely associated with the area-level income, independently of the geographical area . Those in the highest income category had a hip fracture at a significant older age [1.58 (0.55-2.61) year, p = 0.003] as compared to those in the lowest income category . Married women fracturing earlier than those in low income category, with married women fracturing later . Age at hip fractures also depended of marital status but in a gender-specific way . Are socioeconomic and living conditions determinants of hip fracture incidence and age occurrence among community-dwelling elderly?### Assistant: These results indicate that incidence and age occurrence of hip fracture are influenced by area-level income and living conditions among community-dwelling elderly. Prevention programs may be encouraged in priority in communities with low income.

These results indicate that incidence and age occurrence of hip fracture are influenced by area-level income and living conditions among community-dwelling

Is stress hyperglycaemia an independent predictor of left ventricular remodelling after first anterior myocardial infarction in non-diabetic patients?

Stress hyperglycaemia (SH) is associated with adverse outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) Our hypothesis was that SH on admission for acute MI may be associated with left ventricular (LV) remodelling . We analysed LV remodelling in 162 non-diabetic patients with anterior MI . Systematic echocardiographic follow-up was performed at 3 months and 1 year after MI . The changes in end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume from baseline to 1 year were 11.4 +/- 16.5 and 6.4 .4 ml/m(2), respectively, in patients without SH .

SH is a major and independent predictor of LV remodelling after anterior MI in non-diabetic patients.

yes

### Human: Stress hyperglycaemia (SH) is associated with adverse outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (MI) Our hypothesis was that SH on admission for acute MI may be associated with left ventricular (LV) remodelling . We analysed LV remodelling in 162 non-diabetic patients with anterior MI . Systematic echocardiographic follow-up was performed at 3 months and 1 year after MI . The changes in end-diastolic volume (EDV) and end-systolic volume from baseline to 1 year were 11.4 +/- 16.5 and 6.4 .4 ml/m(2), respectively, in patients without SH . Is stress hyperglycaemia an independent predictor of left ventricular remodelling after first anterior myocardial infarction in non-diabetic patients?### Assistant: SH is a major and independent predictor of LV remodelling after anterior MI in non-diabetic patients.

SH is a major and independent predictor of LV remodelling after anterior MI in non-diabetic patients .

Are bone marrow lesions from osteoarthritis knees characterized by sclerotic bone that is less well mineralized?

Bone marrow lesions on magnetic resonance images strongly associated with osteoarthritis progression and pain . The underlying pathology is not well established . The aim of the study was to evaluate the architecture of subchondral bone in regions with and without BMLs from the same individual using bone histomorphometry . Cores were imaged via microcomputed tomography, and the bone volume fraction and tissue mineral density were calculated for each core . The samples from the lesion area exhibited increased trabecular thickness and were markedly more plate-like than the bone in the other three locations .

Our preliminary data localize specific changes in bone mineralization, remodeling and defects within BMLs features that are adjacent to the subchondral plate. These BMLs appear to be sclerotic compared with unaffected regions from the same individual based on the increased bone volume fraction and increased trabecular thickness. The mineral density in these lesions, however, is reduced and may render this area to be mechanically compromised, and thus susceptible to attrition.

yes

### Human: Bone marrow lesions on magnetic resonance images strongly associated with osteoarthritis progression and pain . The underlying pathology is not well established . The aim of the study was to evaluate the architecture of subchondral bone in regions with and without BMLs from the same individual using bone histomorphometry . Cores were imaged via microcomputed tomography, and the bone volume fraction and tissue mineral density were calculated for each core . The samples from the lesion area exhibited increased trabecular thickness and were markedly more plate-like than the bone in the other three locations . Are bone marrow lesions from osteoarthritis knees characterized by sclerotic bone that is less well mineralized?### Assistant: Our preliminary data localize specific changes in bone mineralization, remodeling and defects within BMLs features that are adjacent to the subchondral plate. These BMLs appear to be sclerotic compared with unaffected regions from the same individual based on the increased bone volume fraction and increased trabecular thickness. The mineral density in these lesions, however, is reduced and may render this area to be mechanically compromised, and thus susceptible to attrition.

Our preliminary data localize specific changes in bone mineralization, remodeling and defects within BMLs features that are adjacent to the sub

Is systemic arterial inflammation , measured with 18FDG-PET , common amongst subjects with both recent and prior cerebrovascular disease?

Systemic arterial inflammation was prospectively measured by (18)F-fluorodeoxygluose positron emission tomography in 11 cases with recent ischaemic stroke or TIA, and 11 sex matched controls with prior cerebrovascular disease . No significant difference in the total number of hotspots, or hotspots at specific sites, in cases compared with controls . Mean standard uptake values were similar in the carotid arteries and aorta of cases and controls .

Arterial inflammation was common, and appeared similar, in patients with recent stroke/TIA, and controls with stroke/TIA more than two years previously.

yes

### Human: Systemic arterial inflammation was prospectively measured by (18)F-fluorodeoxygluose positron emission tomography in 11 cases with recent ischaemic stroke or TIA, and 11 sex matched controls with prior cerebrovascular disease . No significant difference in the total number of hotspots, or hotspots at specific sites, in cases compared with controls . Mean standard uptake values were similar in the carotid arteries and aorta of cases and controls . Is systemic arterial inflammation , measured with 18FDG-PET , common amongst subjects with both recent and prior cerebrovascular disease?### Assistant: Arterial inflammation was common, and appeared similar, in patients with recent stroke/TIA, and controls with stroke/TIA more than two years previously.

Arterial inflammation was common in patients with recent stroke/TIA, and controls with stroke-tIA more than two years ago

Is putative EPHX1 enzyme activity related with risk of lung and upper aerodigestive tract cancers : a comprehensive meta-analysis?

EPHX1 is a key enzyme in metabolizing some exogenous carcinogens such as products of cigarette-smoking . Two functional polymorphisms in the EPHX1 gene, Tyr113His and His139Arg can alter the enzyme activity, suggesting their possible association with carcinogenesis risk, particularly of some tobacco-related cancers . A systematic review and meta-analysis of available studies on these two polymorphisms and cancer risk published up to November 2010 . Results showed that Y113H low activity allele (H) was significantly associated with decreased risk of lung cancer .

Putative low EPHX1 enzyme activity may have a potential protective effect on tobacco-related carcinogenesis of lung and UADT cancers, whereas putative high EPHX1 activity may have a harmful effect. Moreover, cigarette-smoking status may influence the association of EPHX1 enzyme activity and the related cancer risk.

yes

### Human: EPHX1 is a key enzyme in metabolizing some exogenous carcinogens such as products of cigarette-smoking . Two functional polymorphisms in the EPHX1 gene, Tyr113His and His139Arg can alter the enzyme activity, suggesting their possible association with carcinogenesis risk, particularly of some tobacco-related cancers . A systematic review and meta-analysis of available studies on these two polymorphisms and cancer risk published up to November 2010 . Results showed that Y113H low activity allele (H) was significantly associated with decreased risk of lung cancer . Is putative EPHX1 enzyme activity related with risk of lung and upper aerodigestive tract cancers : a comprehensive meta-analysis?### Assistant: Putative low EPHX1 enzyme activity may have a potential protective effect on tobacco-related carcinogenesis of lung and UADT cancers, whereas putative high EPHX1 activity may have a harmful effect. Moreover, cigarette-smoking status may influence the association of EPHX1 enzyme activity and the related cancer risk.

Low EPHX1 enzyme activity may have a potential protective effect on tobacco-related carcinogenesis of lung and UADT cancers .

Does desflurane preconditioning inhibit endothelial nuclear factor-kappa-B activation by targeting the proximal end of tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling?

Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB has been reported to be suppressed in this process, but the detailed molecular mechanism is still unclear . Desflurane preconditioning inhibits IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation, degradation, and p65 nuclear localization . Desplication of IKKalpha/IKKbeta was suppressed while surface abundance of TNF-R1 was not affected by preconditionsing . The association of TRAF2 (TRAF2) and IKK-alpha with TNF R1 was compromised by desplication .

Our results suggest that the molecular target of desflurane in the NF-kappaB pathway is upstream of IKK activation. The abundance of TNF-R1 on the cell membrane is not affected by anesthetic preconditioning. We suggest that desflurane preconditioning targets the proximal end of TNF-alpha signaling.

yes

### Human: Nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB has been reported to be suppressed in this process, but the detailed molecular mechanism is still unclear . Desflurane preconditioning inhibits IkappaB-alpha phosphorylation, degradation, and p65 nuclear localization . Desplication of IKKalpha/IKKbeta was suppressed while surface abundance of TNF-R1 was not affected by preconditionsing . The association of TRAF2 (TRAF2) and IKK-alpha with TNF R1 was compromised by desplication . Does desflurane preconditioning inhibit endothelial nuclear factor-kappa-B activation by targeting the proximal end of tumor necrosis factor-alpha signaling?### Assistant: Our results suggest that the molecular target of desflurane in the NF-kappaB pathway is upstream of IKK activation. The abundance of TNF-R1 on the cell membrane is not affected by anesthetic preconditioning. We suggest that desflurane preconditioning targets the proximal end of TNF-alpha signaling.

The abundance of TNF-R1 on the cell membrane is not affected by anesthetic preconditioning . Desflurane

Does mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 modulate regional effects of injurious mechanical ventilation in rodent lungs?

Mechanisms regulating regional injury and protective effects of prone positioning are unclear .Mechanical ventilation induces heterogeneous lung injury by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB . To determine the key regulators of the lung regional protective effects, we looked at rats exposed to injurious ventilation in rats . Rats were ventilated with high (18 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP] 0) or low Vt in supine or prone position . Rats ventilated prone rather than supine, and the MKP-1 regulator PG490-88 (MRx-108) or phosphate-buffered saline was administered preventilation .

Injurious ventilation induces MAPK in an MKP-1-dependent fashion. Prone positioning is protective and induces MKP-1. PG490-88 induced MKP-1 and was protective against high Vt in a nuclear factor-κB-dependent manner. MKP-1 is a potential target for modulating regional effects of injurious ventilation.

yes

### Human: Mechanisms regulating regional injury and protective effects of prone positioning are unclear .Mechanical ventilation induces heterogeneous lung injury by mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and nuclear factor-κB . To determine the key regulators of the lung regional protective effects, we looked at rats exposed to injurious ventilation in rats . Rats were ventilated with high (18 ml/kg, positive end-expiratory pressure [PEEP] 0) or low Vt in supine or prone position . Rats ventilated prone rather than supine, and the MKP-1 regulator PG490-88 (MRx-108) or phosphate-buffered saline was administered preventilation . Does mitogen-activated protein kinase phosphatase-1 modulate regional effects of injurious mechanical ventilation in rodent lungs?### Assistant: Injurious ventilation induces MAPK in an MKP-1-dependent fashion. Prone positioning is protective and induces MKP-1. PG490-88 induced MKP-1 and was protective against high Vt in a nuclear factor-κB-dependent manner. MKP-1 is a potential target for modulating regional effects of injurious ventilation.

PG490-88 induced MKP-1 and was protective against high Vt in a nuclear factor-κB-dependent manner .

Does natalizumab strongly suppress cortical pathology in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis?

120 relapsing-remitting MS patients completed a 2-year prospective study . 35 received natalizumab, 50 received interferon beta-1a or glatiramer acetate (immunomodulatory agents - IMA) 35 remained untreated . 40 healthy subjects constituted the reference population . Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations (including cortical lesions and atrophy) were performed at baseline and after 2 years . The percentage of patients with new cortical lesions was also lower in natalzumab-treated patients .

Natalizumab treatment significantly decreases cortical lesion accumulation and cortical atrophy progression in severe relapsing-remitting MS. While supporting the inflammatory origin of cortical lesions, our results highlight the significant impact of natalizumab on cortical pathology.

yes

### Human: 120 relapsing-remitting MS patients completed a 2-year prospective study . 35 received natalizumab, 50 received interferon beta-1a or glatiramer acetate (immunomodulatory agents - IMA) 35 remained untreated . 40 healthy subjects constituted the reference population . Clinical and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evaluations (including cortical lesions and atrophy) were performed at baseline and after 2 years . The percentage of patients with new cortical lesions was also lower in natalzumab-treated patients . Does natalizumab strongly suppress cortical pathology in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis?### Assistant: Natalizumab treatment significantly decreases cortical lesion accumulation and cortical atrophy progression in severe relapsing-remitting MS. While supporting the inflammatory origin of cortical lesions, our results highlight the significant impact of natalizumab on cortical pathology.

Natalizumab treatment significantly decreases cortical lesion accumulation and cortical atrophy progression in severe relapsing-remitting MS .

Is risk of HSIL ( CIN 2-3 ) on colposcopic biopsy minimal in postmenopausal women with LSIL on cytology and a negative HRHPV test?

Cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend a 1-year follow-up period for patients with a postmenopausal low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) who are test negative for high-risk human papillomavirus (HrHPV) The aim of this study was to assess whether such patients had an increased immediate risk of high-grade . high grade squamous . intraepithic lesion . lesion is thought to be linked to a 1,000-year cervical cancer screening period for those with LSIL .

If the HPV test is negative, repeat cytology after 12 months is recommended by the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology for cases of HrHPV-negative postmenopausal LSIL. We recommend reflex HPV testing as the best choice for patients who test positive for postmenopausal LSIL by Pap smear, in line with the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:969-974. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

yes

### Human: Cervical cancer screening guidelines recommend a 1-year follow-up period for patients with a postmenopausal low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) who are test negative for high-risk human papillomavirus (HrHPV) The aim of this study was to assess whether such patients had an increased immediate risk of high-grade . high grade squamous . intraepithic lesion . lesion is thought to be linked to a 1,000-year cervical cancer screening period for those with LSIL . Is risk of HSIL ( CIN 2-3 ) on colposcopic biopsy minimal in postmenopausal women with LSIL on cytology and a negative HRHPV test?### Assistant: If the HPV test is negative, repeat cytology after 12 months is recommended by the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Pathology for cases of HrHPV-negative postmenopausal LSIL. We recommend reflex HPV testing as the best choice for patients who test positive for postmenopausal LSIL by Pap smear, in line with the literature. Diagn. Cytopathol. 2016;44:969-974. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

If HPV test is negative, repeat cytology after 12 months is recommended by the American Society for Colposcopy and Cervical Path

Is the plane of first cleavage related to the distribution of sperm components in the mouse?

The sperm tail could be identified in cleaving zygotes and early 2-cell stages following their permeabilization and exposure to Oregon Green Paclitaxel . At neither stage did the anterior end of the tail bear a consistent relationship to the first cleavage plane, even when it had clearly retained its original location . Using artificial insemination with MitoTracker-labelled sperm, the midpiece was found to remain associated with anterior end . through to the 2- cell stage .

The present findings challenge the claim that the sperm specifies the plane of first cleavage, and also question the methodology on which it was based.

no

### Human: The sperm tail could be identified in cleaving zygotes and early 2-cell stages following their permeabilization and exposure to Oregon Green Paclitaxel . At neither stage did the anterior end of the tail bear a consistent relationship to the first cleavage plane, even when it had clearly retained its original location . Using artificial insemination with MitoTracker-labelled sperm, the midpiece was found to remain associated with anterior end . through to the 2- cell stage . Is the plane of first cleavage related to the distribution of sperm components in the mouse?### Assistant: The present findings challenge the claim that the sperm specifies the plane of first cleavage, and also question the methodology on which it was based.

The present findings challenge the claim that the sperm specifies the plane of first cleavage, and also question the methodology on which it was based

Are c-reactive protein levels associated with paraoxonase polymorphism L55M in patients undergoing cardiac SPECT imaging?

The relation between oxidation and inflammation markers with myocardial ischemia is still controversial . We assessed the association between paraoxonase (PON) polymorphisms (rs854560, rs662, rs7493) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels . Age, sex, sex and diabetes, hypertension, statin therapy, smoking and total cholesterol levels were independently associated with stress-induced ischemias . No differences of PON1 and PON2 genotype frequencies were observed between patients with and without stress-inducing ischemie .

The results of this study identified a weak association between the M55L polymorphism in PON1 gene and C-reactive protein levels. BMI showed a major role in the determination of C-reactive protein levels. No association between PON polymorphisms and stress-induced ischemia was found.

yes

### Human: The relation between oxidation and inflammation markers with myocardial ischemia is still controversial . We assessed the association between paraoxonase (PON) polymorphisms (rs854560, rs662, rs7493) and high sensitivity C-reactive protein levels . Age, sex, sex and diabetes, hypertension, statin therapy, smoking and total cholesterol levels were independently associated with stress-induced ischemias . No differences of PON1 and PON2 genotype frequencies were observed between patients with and without stress-inducing ischemie . Are c-reactive protein levels associated with paraoxonase polymorphism L55M in patients undergoing cardiac SPECT imaging?### Assistant: The results of this study identified a weak association between the M55L polymorphism in PON1 gene and C-reactive protein levels. BMI showed a major role in the determination of C-reactive protein levels. No association between PON polymorphisms and stress-induced ischemia was found.

BMI showed a major role in the determination of C-reactive protein levels . No association between PON polymorphisms and stress-induced

Is chicken cyclophilin A an inhibitory factor to influenza virus replication?

The molecular mechanism of resistance in chicken to influenza virus remains to be studied . ChCypA protein was shown to be able to specifically interact with influenza virus M1 protein . The production of recombinant influenza virus A/WSN/33 reduced to one third in chCypa expressing cells . ChChypA was widely distributed in a variety of chicken tissues . The study indicated that chCipA was an inhibitory protein to influenza . suggesting a role as an intrinsic immunity factor against influenza virus infection .

The present data demonstrates that chCypA possesses anti-influenza virus activity which allows the consideration of genetic improvement for resistance to influenza virus in chickens.

yes

### Human: The molecular mechanism of resistance in chicken to influenza virus remains to be studied . ChCypA protein was shown to be able to specifically interact with influenza virus M1 protein . The production of recombinant influenza virus A/WSN/33 reduced to one third in chCypa expressing cells . ChChypA was widely distributed in a variety of chicken tissues . The study indicated that chCipA was an inhibitory protein to influenza . suggesting a role as an intrinsic immunity factor against influenza virus infection . Is chicken cyclophilin A an inhibitory factor to influenza virus replication?### Assistant: The present data demonstrates that chCypA possesses anti-influenza virus activity which allows the consideration of genetic improvement for resistance to influenza virus in chickens.

The present data demonstrates that chCypA possesses anti-influenza virus activity which allows the consideration of genetic improvement for resistance to